The effort of two or more parties to secure the business of a third party by offering, usually under fair or equitable rules of business practice, the most favorable terms.
The direct struggle between individuals for environmental necessities or for a common goal.
A strategy for purchasing health care in a manner which will obtain maximum value for the price for the purchasers of the health care and the recipients. The concept was developed primarily by Alain Enthoven of Stanford University and promulgated by the Jackson Hole Group. The strategy depends on sponsors for groups of the population to be insured. The sponsor, in some cases a health alliance, acts as an intermediary between the group and competing provider groups (accountable health plans). The competition is price-based among annual premiums for a defined, standardized benefit package. (From Slee and Slee, Health Care Reform Terms, 1993)
The interaction of two or more substrates or ligands with the same binding site. The displacement of one by the other is used in quantitative and selective affinity measurements.

Excess capacity: markets regulation, and values. (1/369)

OBJECTIVE: To examine the conceptual bases for the conflicting views of excess capacity in healthcare markets and their application in the context of today's turbulent environment. STUDY SETTING: The policy and research literature of the past three decades. STUDY DESIGN: The theoretical perspectives of alternative economic schools of thought are used to support different policy positions with regard to excess capacity. Changes in these policy positions over time are linked to changes in the economic and political environment of the period. The social values implied by this history are articulated. DATA COLLECTION: Standard library search procedures are used to identify relevant literature. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Alternative policy views of excess capacity in healthcare markets rely on differing theoretical foundations. Changes in the context in which policy decisions are made over time affect the dominant theoretical framework and, therefore, the dominant policy view of excess capacity. CONCLUSIONS: In the 1990s, multiple perspectives of optimal capacity still exist. However, our evolving history suggests a set of persistent values that should guide future policy in this area.  (+info)

The future of managed care organization. (2/369)

This paper analyzes the transformation of the central organization in the managed care system: the multiproduct, multimarket health plan. It examines vertical disintegration, the shift from ownership to contractual linkages between plans and provider organizations, and horizontal integration--the consolidation of erstwhile indemnity carriers, Blue Cross plans, health maintenance organizations (HMOs), and specialty networks. Health care consumers differ widely in their preferences and willingness to pay for particular products and network characteristics, while providers differ widely in their willingness to adopt particular organization and financing structures. This heterogeneity creates an enduring role for health plans that are diversified into multiple networks, benefit products, distribution channels, and geographic regions. Diversification now is driving health plans toward being national, full-service corporations and away from being local, single-product organizations linked to particular providers and selling to particular consumer niches.  (+info)

Medical technology and inequity in health care: the case of Korea. (3/369)

There has been a rapid influx of high cost medical technologies into the Korean hospital market. This has raised concerns about the changes it will bring for the Korean health care sector. Some have questioned whether this diffusion will necessarily have positive effects on the health of the overall population. Some perverse effects of uncontrolled diffusion of technologies have been hinted in recent literature. For example, there is a problem of increasing inequity with the adoption of expensive technologies. Utilization of most of the expensive high technology services is not covered by national health insurance schemes; examples of such technologies are Ultra Sonic, CT Scanner, MRI, Radiotherapy, EKG, and Lithotripter. As a result, the rich can afford expensive high technology services while the poor cannot. This produces a gradual evolution of classes in health service utilization. This study examines how health service utilization among different income groups is affected by the import of high technologies. It discusses changes made within the health care system, and explains the circumstances under which the rapid and excessive diffusion of medical technologies occurred in the hospital sector.  (+info)

Contracting out of health services in developing countries. (4/369)

Contracting out is emerging as a common policy issue in a number of developing countries. The theoretical case for contracting out suggests many advantages in combining public finance with private provision. However, practical difficulties such as those of ensuring that competition takes place between potential contractors, that competition leads to efficiency and that contracts and the process of contracting are effectively managed, suggest that such advantages may not always be realized. Most countries are likely only to contemplate restricted contracting of small-scale non-clinical services in the short term. Prerequisites of more extensive models appear to be the development of information systems and human resources to that end. Some urban areas of larger countries may have the existing preconditions for more successful large-scale contracting.  (+info)

Managing the health care market in developing countries: prospects and problems. (5/369)

There is increasing interest in the prospects for managed market reforms in developing countries, stimulated by current reforms and policy debates in developed countries, and by perceptions of widespread public sector inefficiency in many countries. This review examines the prospects for such reforms in a developing country context, primarily by drawing on the arguments and evidence emerging from developed countries, with a specific focus on the provision of hospital services. The paper begins with a discussion of the current policy context of these reforms, and their main features. It argues that while current and proposed reforms vary in detail, most have in common the introduction of competition in the provision of health care, with the retention of a public monopoly of financing, and that this structure emerges from the dual goals of addressing current public sector inefficiencies while retaining the known equity and efficiency advantages of public health systems. The paper then explores the theoretical arguments and empirical evidence for and against these reforms, and examines their relevance for developing countries. Managed markets are argued to enhance both efficiency and equity. These arguments are analysed in terms of three distinct claims made by their proponents: that managed markets will promote increased provider competition, and hence, provider efficiency; that contractual relationships are more efficient than direct management; and that the benefits of managed markets will outweigh their costs. The analysis suggests that on all three issues, the theoretical arguments and empirical evidence remain ambiguous, and that this ambiguity is attributable in part to poor understanding of the behaviour of health sector agents within the market, and to the limited experience with these reforms. In the context of developing countries, the paper argues that most of the conditions required for successful implementation of these reforms are absent in all but a few, richer developing countries, and that the costs of these reforms, particularly in equity terms, are likely to pose substantial problems. Extensive managed market reforms are therefore unlikely to succeed, although limited introduction of particular elements of these reforms may be more successful. Developed country experience is useful in defining the conditions under which such limited reforms may succeed. There is an urgent need to evaluate the existing experience of different forms of contracting in developing countries, as well as to interpret emerging evidence from developed country reforms in the light of conditions in developing countries.  (+info)

The relationship and tensions between vertical integrated delivery systems and horizontal specialty networks. (6/369)

This activity is designated for physicians, medical directors, and healthcare policy makers. GOAL: To clarify the issues involved with the integration of single-specialty networks into vertical integrated healthcare delivery systems. OBJECTIVES: 1. Recognize the advantages that single-specialty networks offer under capitated medical care. 2. Understand the self-interests and tensions involved in integrating these networks into vertical networks of primary care physicians, hospitals, and associated specialists. 3. Understand the rationale of "stacking" horizontal networks within a vertical system.  (+info)

The three dimensions of managed care pharmacy practice. (7/369)

Our goal is to provide a framework for pharmacy in an evolving healthcare marketplace by identifying and discussing the three dimensions of pharmacy practice: (1) pharmacy practice across the continuum of care; (2) the major elements of pharmacy practice; and (3) the evolution of pharmacy during the five stages of the development of managed care. The framework was devised under the proposition that there is a substantial consistency in what patients need or should expect from pharmacists. As integrated health systems develop, pharmacists must apply their skills and knowledge across the continuum of care to ensure that they play an integral part in the systems. In a managed care environment characterized by change and the development of integrated health systems, pharmacists have opportunities to become involved directly in patient care in such areas as disease prevention, home healthcare, primary care, and subacute care. Information systems, hospital drug distribution, clinical pharmacy, and the fiscal environment comprise the major elements of pharmacy practice within an integrated health system, and the way in which each of these elements evolves as the healthcare market adapts to managed care is critical to pharmacy practice. If the pharmacy profession can demonstrate its ability to manage disease and health, improve outcomes, and reduce costs within the evolving healthcare system, pharmacists will play a vital role in the managed healthcare market in the approaching new millennium.  (+info)

The political economy of capitated managed care. (8/369)

Despite the fact that billions of dollars are being invested in capitated managed care, it has yet to be subjected to the rigors of robust microeconomic modeling; hence, the seemingly intuitive assumptions driving managed care orthodoxy continue to gain acceptance with almost no theoretical examination or debate. The research in this paper finds the standard unidimensional model of risk generally used to analyze capitation--i.e., that risk is homogenous in nature, organizationally fungible, and linear in amplitude--to be inadequate. Therefore, the paper proposes to introduce a multidimensional model based on the assumption that phenomenologically unrelated species of risk result from non-homogenous types of socioeconomic activity in the medical marketplace. The multidimensional analysis proceeds to concentrate on two species of risk: probability risk and technical risk. A two-dimensional risk matrix reveals that capitation, far from being a market-oriented solution, actually prevents the formation of a dynamic price system necessary to optimize marketplace trades of medical goods and services. The analysis concludes that a universal attempt to purchase healthcare through capitation or any other insurance mechanism would render the reasonable attainment of social efficiency highly problematic. While in reality there are other identifiable species of risk (such as cost-utility risk), the analysis proceeds to hypothesize what a market-oriented managed care approach might look like within a two-dimensional risk matrix.  (+info)

Economic competition in the context of healthcare and medicine generally refers to the rivalry among healthcare providers, organizations, or pharmaceutical companies competing for patients, resources, market share, or funding. This competition can drive innovation, improve quality of care, and increase efficiency. However, it can also lead to cost-containment measures that may negatively impact patient care and safety.

In the pharmaceutical industry, economic competition exists between different companies developing and marketing similar drugs. This competition can result in lower prices for consumers and incentives for innovation, but it can also lead to unethical practices such as price gouging or misleading advertising.

Regulation and oversight are crucial to ensure that economic competition in healthcare and medicine promotes the well-being of patients and the public while discouraging harmful practices.

Competitive behavior, in a medical or psychological context, refers to the actions, attitudes, and strategies that individuals employ in order to achieve their goals while contending with others who have similar objectives. This concept is often studied within the framework of social psychology and personality psychology.

Competitive behavior can manifest in various domains, including sports, academics, professional settings, and social relationships. It may involve direct competition, where individuals or groups engage in head-to-head contests to determine a winner, or indirect competition, where individuals strive for limited resources or recognition without necessarily interacting with one another.

In some cases, competitive behavior can be adaptive and contribute to personal growth, skill development, and motivation. However, excessive competitiveness may also lead to negative outcomes such as stress, anxiety, reduced cooperation, and strained relationships. Factors that influence the expression of competitive behavior include genetic predispositions, environmental influences, cultural norms, and individual personality traits.

In a medical setting, healthcare providers may encounter competitive behavior among patients vying for attention or resources, between colleagues striving for professional advancement, or in the context of patient-provider relationships where power dynamics can influence decision-making processes. Understanding the nuances of competitive behavior is essential for fostering positive interactions and promoting collaboration in various domains.

"Managed competition" is not a term that has a specific medical or clinical definition. However, it is a concept that is often discussed in the context of healthcare policy and economics. Here's a general definition:

Managed competition is a model for organizing healthcare markets where multiple health plans compete for enrollment, while also being subject to regulatory oversight and quality standards. The goal of managed competition is to promote high-quality care, cost containment, and consumer choice through competition among health plans that are held accountable for their performance.

In a managed competition system, consumers are encouraged to choose among competing health plans based on factors such as price, quality, and provider networks. At the same time, health plans have an incentive to negotiate lower prices with healthcare providers and to invest in preventive care and disease management programs that can improve outcomes and reduce costs over time.

The managed competition model has been implemented in various forms in different countries and regions around the world, including the Netherlands and some U.S. states such as Massachusetts. However, there is ongoing debate about the strengths and limitations of this approach to healthcare reform.

"Competitive binding" is a term used in pharmacology and biochemistry to describe the behavior of two or more molecules (ligands) competing for the same binding site on a target protein or receptor. In this context, "binding" refers to the physical interaction between a ligand and its target.

When a ligand binds to a receptor, it can alter the receptor's function, either activating or inhibiting it. If multiple ligands compete for the same binding site, they will compete to bind to the receptor. The ability of each ligand to bind to the receptor is influenced by its affinity for the receptor, which is a measure of how strongly and specifically the ligand binds to the receptor.

In competitive binding, if one ligand is present in high concentrations, it can prevent other ligands with lower affinity from binding to the receptor. This is because the higher-affinity ligand will have a greater probability of occupying the binding site and blocking access to the other ligands. The competition between ligands can be described mathematically using equations such as the Langmuir isotherm, which describes the relationship between the concentration of ligand and the fraction of receptors that are occupied by the ligand.

Competitive binding is an important concept in drug development, as it can be used to predict how different drugs will interact with their targets and how they may affect each other's activity. By understanding the competitive binding properties of a drug, researchers can optimize its dosage and delivery to maximize its therapeutic effect while minimizing unwanted side effects.

Hotelling, Harold (March 1929). "Stability in competition". The Economic Journal. 39 (153): 41-57. doi:10.2307/2224214. JSTOR ... "Stability in Competition". Economic Journal. 39 (153): 41-57. doi:10.2307/2224214. JSTOR 2224214. Palda, Filip (2013). The ... Cournot competition Dodge, Y. (2008). The concise encyclopedia of statistics, Springer Turgeon, Lynn. Bastard Keynesianism : ... Cambridge economic handbooks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-34801-0. nonconvex OR nonconvexities. ...
Horner, J. (2002). "Reputation and Competition". American Economic Review. 92 (3): 644-661. doi:10.1257/00028280260136444. ... and Competition". The American Economic Review. 101 (2): 526-55. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.224.3411. doi:10.1257/aer.101.2.526. JSTOR ... Wolinsky, A. (1995). "Competition in Markets for Credence Goods". Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics. 151: 117- ... Search goods are more subject to substitution and price competition, as consumers can easily verify the price of the product ...
"Stability in Competition". The Economic Journal. 39 (153): 41-57. doi:10.2307/2224214. JSTOR 2224214. Holcombe, Randall G. ( ... Journal of the European Economic Association, 2008. Downs, Anthony (1957). "An Economic Theory of Political Action in a ... In 1957 Anthony Downs expounded upon the median voter theorem in his book An Economic Theory of Democracy. We will say that a ... He wrote that he saw a large gap in economic theory concerning how voting determines the outcome of decisions, including ...
Mohan, Anand (14 February 2014). "Maruti Celerio: Competition Check". The Economic Times. Retrieved 16 February 2014. Tan, Paul ... The new Wagon R took over much of the more expensive Alto's market share, leaving the Alto to compete at the lower end of the ... built for competition purposes. Like the first Works R it was built in less than one-hundred examples, but this one appeared in ... Chang'an ended up without real competition in the segment. Chang'an's productivity set a new standard for the Chinese auto ...
"International bird photography competition". The London Economic. Retrieved 17 September 2018. "SINWP 'Great Outdoors' ... "Living Planet photo competition winners". Telegraph. 22 January 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014. Celebrating Nature competition ... Competition Winners". ephotozine. Retrieved 4 Jun 2013. "SINWP Announces Close-up Photography Competition Winners". ... The Society of International Nature and Wildlife Photographers has run a number of photographic competitions specifically for ...
Thomas K. McCraw (1998). "Thinking About Competition". Business and Economic History. Cambridge University Press. 17: 9-29. ...
Mohan, Anand (14 February 2014). "Maruti Celerio: Competition Check". The Economic Times. Retrieved 28 February 2014. "Zero ...
"Ranveer Singh-starrer '83' gets lukewarm response with Rs 54 cr in 4 days; old releases pose tough competition". The Economic ... The next match against Zimbabwe on 18 June at Nevill Ground is a do-or-die one as India will be eliminated from the tournament ... Its collections, however saw a downward trend after first three days of its release, due to the heavy competition with Pushpa: ... Post that, they discuss the mindset of the 1983 team during the tournament and dissect Kapil Dev's captaincy that Balwinder saw ...
An economic model of free competition in prices and opening hours with free entry has shown that restrictions on opening hours ... Economic Reform: National Competition Policy. Retrieved 2008-03-21. State of Tasmania (1 December 2002). Shop Trading Hours Act ... "Role of Competition Policy". Department of Enterprise, Trade and Employment (Ireland): Commerce, Consumers and Competition ... OECD Economic Studies, No. 32, 2001/1. Wenzel, Tobias (June 2007). Liberalization of Opening Hours with Free Entry (PDF) ( ...
Early economic research focused on the difference between price and non-price based competition, while modern economic theory ... Factsheet on how competition policy affects macro-economic outcomes. Gittins, Ross (August 14, 2015). "Competition is the key ... Economic competition between countries (nations, states) as a political-economic concept emerged in trade and policy ... In recent years, the concept of competition has emerged as a new paradigm in economic development. Competition captures the ...
And you'd have economic competition." After Apple stated that cloud gaming services like Microsoft's xCloud were not allowed on ... Rogers stated that the lack of competition in this area was of concern and that Apple only seemed to be motivated to innovate ... They state in the claim "Notwithstanding its promises to make Android devices open to competition, Google has erected ... On February 22, 2021, the Competition Appeal Tribunal rejected Epic's lawsuit against Apple in the UK however allowed their ...
"Distributive politics and electoral competition". Journal of Economic Theory. 103: 106-130. doi:10.1006/jeth.2000.2775. Szentes ... This game is commonly used as a metaphor for electoral competition, with two political parties devoting money or resources to ... doi:10.1016/s0899-8256(02)00530-4. J.-F. Laslier, "Party objectives in the `divide a dollar' electoral competition" in: Social ... Journal of Economic Theory. 136: 738-748. doi:10.1016/j.jet.2006.06.007. Colonel Blotto's Top secret Files: Multi-Dimensional ...
"Libertarianism, Utility, and Economic Competition" (PDF). Virginia Law Review. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 12, ... Those who maintain that capitalism is a excellent economic system, unfairly maligned, with little or no need for corrective ... Until fairly recently, American libertarians have allied politically with modern conservatives over economic issues and gun ... thereby conflating authentic impartial justice with economic power. Market anarchists counter that having defense and courts ...
The brutal force of economic competition". Quartz. Retrieved 24 August 2018. "Beyond Halloween: Witches, devils, trials and ... Oster, Emily (2004). "Witchcraft, Weather, and Economic Growth in Renaissance Europe". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 18: ... The more recent research from the 2017 study in the Economic Journal argues that both Catholics and Protestants used the hunt ... A 2017 study in the Economic Journal, examining "more than 43,000 people tried for witchcraft across 21 European countries over ...
In mainstream economic thinking, development of this competition would militate against detailed regulatory control of prices ... and industry-neutral competition regulation. Economic growth was resumed in 1991. New Zealand was changed from a somewhat ... Economic regulations were promoted during the Gilded Age, in which progressive reforms were claimed as necessary to limit ... It became common in advanced industrial economies in the 1970s and 1980s, as a result of new trends in economic thinking about ...
Wolff, Jonathan (22 October 2006). "Libertarianism, Utility, and Economic Competition" (PDF). Virginia Law Review. Archived ... Closely related to economic liberalism, it developed in the early 19th century, emerging as a response to urbanization and to ... Right-libertarians are economic liberals of either the Austrian School (majority) or the Chicago school of economics (minority ... It advocated a limited government and held a belief in laissez-faire economic policy. Built on ideas that had already arisen by ...
"Libertarianism, Utility, and Economic Competition" (PDF). Virginia Law Review. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 12, ... The Foundation for Economic Education is a libertarian think tank dedicated to the "economic, ethical and legal principles of a ... ISBN 978-0-1311-2695-4. Wolff, Jonathan (October 22, 2006). "Libertarianism, Utility, and Economic Competition" (PDF). Virginia ... arguing that economic self-interest was inadequate to hold an economic system together and that it was even less adequate to ...
"Libertarianism, Utility, and Economic Competition" (PDF). Virginia Law Review. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 January ... writing that it is incapable of explaining why harm suffered by the losers in economic competition does not violate the ... The validity of right-libertarian notions of liberty and economic freedom have been questioned by critics such as Robert Lee ... Jeffrey Friedman has criticized right-libertarians for often relying on the unproven assumption that economic growth and ...
ISBN 978-0-1311-2695-4. Wolff, Jonathan (22 October 2006). "Libertarianism, Utility, and Economic Competition" (PDF). Virginia ... Anarcho-capitalists usually respond to this argument that this presumed outcome of what they call "coercive competition" (e.g ... Bruenig, Matt (28 October 2013). "Libertarians Are Huge Fans of Economic Coercion". Demos. Archived from the original on 18 ... including economic intervention) and foreign intervention by states. Other discussion topics on whether intervention is in line ...
"Libertarianism, Utility, and Economic Competition" (PDF). Virginia Law Review. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-01-12 ... their position is that political and economic liberty lead to the best consequences in the form of happiness and prosperity and ...
"Libertarianism, Utility, and Economic Competition" (PDF). Virginia Law Review. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 January ... writing that it is incapable of explaining why harm suffered by the losers in economic competition does not violate the ...
Johnson, P. (2007). "Chapter 5 Economic Rents". Astute Competition: the Economics of Strategic Diversity. Oxford: Elsevier. pp ... "Towards an Economic Theory of the Multiproduct firm." Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. 3: 39-64. Teece, D. J., G ... Teece, D. (Mar 1982). "Towards an Economic Theory of the Multiproduct Firm". Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. 3 ( ... suggest that competitive advantage should be thought of in terms of each firm's economic contribution. Termed the V-C model, it ...
"Naked exclusion, efficient breach, and downstream competition." American Economic Review 97, no. 4 (2007): 1305-1320. https:// ... For academics, both moral and constructive, tortious action is vexing because it supports the economic model of "successful ... 554 (1977). Richard A. Posner & Andrew M. Rosenfeld, Impossibility and Related Doctrines in Contract Law: An Economic Analysis ... Simpson, John; Wickelgren, Abraham L. (2007). "Naked Exclusion, Efficient Breach, and Downstream Competition". American ...
"International Competition, Income Distribution, and Economic Growth," Cambridge Journal of Economics, vol. 13, no. 3 (September ... "International competition, income distribution and economic growth". Cambridge Journal of Economics. 13 (3): 395-412. doi: ... Washington, DC: Economic Policy Institute, 1999. "Wage-led Versus Profit-led Demand Regimes: The Long and the Short of It," ... "The New Economic Integration: Structuralist Models of North-South Trade and Investment Liberalization," Structural Change and ...
"This is a competition during economic crisis; [some people] prefer to collect political benefits from these problems instead of ... A political and economic dictionary of Eastern Europe by Alan John Day, Roger East and Richard Thomas, Routledge, 2002, ISBN ... Other economic policies included compensation for depositors who lost Soviet-era savings, price controls on food and medicines ... Yushchenko went on to criticize her work as head of the Cabinet, suggesting it had led to an economic slowdown and political ...
ISBN 978-1-13651-682-5. Jeffrey, Robin (22 March 1997). "Kannada: "We Fake It There Is Competition"". Economic and Political ... but the economic base of the community remains limited mostly to that of liquor. Idigas of Neeravari Pradesh of Karnataka own ... the population of the Idiga community in Tamil Nadu is very small and their economic condition is ... Natraj, V. K. (2007). " ... Economic and Political Weekly. 19 (37): 1623-1632. JSTOR 4373574. Raghavan, E.; Manor, James (2012). Broadening and Deepening ...
Competition, organisational change and economic transformation 4. Economics of knowledge, innovation and evolution Certain ... The IKE Group does research on economic, technical and institutional change. The main research themes include economic ... Innovation, Knowledge and Economic Dynamics (MIKE-E) 2. Msc. Innovation, Knowledge and Entrepreneurial Dynamics (MIKE-B) 3. The ... Common for the approach is that economic development is seen as knowledge driven and that knowledge creation and innovation are ...
Dmitriev, V. K. (1974) [1898]. Economic Essays on Value, Competition and Utility. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ... Cereseto, S; Waitzkin, H (June 1986). "Economic development, political-economic system, and the physical quality of life". ... the nature and origin of economic value, the impact of class and class struggle on economic and political processes, and the ... Marxists believe that economic and social conditions, and especially the class relations that derive from them affect every ...
Stocking, George W.; Willard F. Mueller (1955). "The Cellophane Case and the New Competition". The American Economic Review. 45 ... He was elected president of the Southern Economic Association in 1952, and of the American Economic Association in 1958. ... The Cellophane case and the new competition' (with W.F. Mueller), American Economic Review 65, March, 29-63. (1955), 'The ... Stocking's first book was an empirical study of competition in the petroleum industry, in which he had worked as a "roughneck" ...
In any transaction, the envy ratio is affected by how keen the investors are to do the deal; the competition they are facing; ... and economic factors. Management buy-in LBO Takeover Financial ratio "M&A Academy Dealing with underwater management equity ...
Rising exports are helping to restore economic growth in Iceland after the blow from the COVID-19 crisis, even though tourism ... OECD Home NewsroomIceland: increase competition and economic diversification to support the recovery from COVID-19, says OECD ... Iceland: increase competition and economic diversification to support the recovery from COVID-19, says OECD. ... said OECD Director of Economic Country Studies Alvaro Pereira, presenting the report alongside Minister of Finance and Economic ...
Engaged in intense competition, home-grown Flipkart and Amazon India are leading players in the Indian online retail market ... Engaged in intense competition, home-grown Flipkart and Amazon India are leading players in the Indian online retail market ... NEW DELHI: The possible coming together of online retailers Amazon and Flipkart is likely to face close scrutiny on competition ... Deals beyond a certain threshold require the approval of Competition Commission of India (CCI) before they are consummated. In ...
In the market economy, prices decrease when competition drives producers to better serve consumers (or patients). ... But competition within the pharmaceutical market is highly restricted by the FDAs demanding approval process. It is also ... Competition Serves Consumers. Shortly after EpiPen increased its prices, a competing drug/device named Adrenaclick, which ... As F.A. Hayek explained, competition is most effective when producers are left unhampered to discover the best way to attract ...
This is an appeal to the subscribers, contributors, advertisers and well-wishers of Economic and Political Weekly (EPW), ...
Published in volume 13, issue 4, pages 483-519 of American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, October 2021, Abstract: Industrial ... Competition by Wyatt J. Brooks, Joseph P. Kaboski and Yao Amber Li. ... Then we develop a model of how this reduction in competition affects aggregate income. We apply our approach to the well-known ... O18 Economic Development: Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure * P25 Socialist Systems ...
Office of the Senior Vice Provost for Research, Economic Engagement and Outreach. Thompson Hall, 105 Main St.. Durham, NH 03824 ... NSF EPSCoR RII Track 2 - Internal Competition Information Session. Tuesday, October 10, 2023 - 12:40pm to 2:00pm ... Office of the Senior Vice Provost for Research, Economic Engagement and Outreach. Thompson Hall, 105 Main St.. Durham, NH 03824 ... session will discuss the RII Track-2 FEC program in more depth and provide information about the internal competition that UNH ...
Published in volume 16, issue 2, pages 155-174 of Journal of Economic Perspectives, Spring 2002, Abstract: We argue that models ... Oligopsony and Monopsonistic Competition in Labor Markets by V. Bhaskar, Alan Manning and Ted To. ... of oligopsony or monopsonistic competition provide insights and explanati... ... "Oligopsony and Monopsonistic Competition in Labor Markets." Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16 (2): 155-174. DOI: 10.1257/ ...
Many of the videos were of a high quality covering a huge range of economic topics. Now that the deadline has closed our team ... New virtual issue of The Economic Journal out now: The Economics of Income and Wealth Distribution November 27, 2023 ... The Economic Journal appoints new Managing Editor Basit Zafar November 1, 2023 ... Weve had a superb response to our undergraduate video competition 2018. ...
Margrethe Vestager, European Commissioner for Competition, declared at the May plenary session of the European Economic and ... and the Global Competition Law Centre of the College of Europe organised an online conference on Competition Policy and Social ... The European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) firmly believes that infringements of human rights can be better prevented ... The reporting mechanism will contribute to more tax justice and fair competition in the EU. The European Commission must set ...
Competition the true marker of Xi Jinpings economic reforms. 24 March 2015. Author: James Laurenceson, UTS ... Some commentators are also getting it wrong by confusing privatisation with economic reform. Economic reform is about raising ... Thats Chinas economic reform agenda in a nutshell.. If youre looking for SOEs and SOBs to be privatised in 2015, youll be ... Theres been a lot written about how the clampdown is hindering short-term economic growth: sales of luxury brands have slumped ...
Zomato, Swiggy will have new competition. The restaurants. ET Online , 23 Jun 2020, 11:16 AM IST. ...
Development Administration has recently established the 2012 University Center Economic Development Program Competition wherein ... and operate special University Centers that are focused on leveraging university assets in order to create regional economic ... 2012 University Center Economic Development Program Competition. by: Michael Saunders. The Economic Development Administration ... 2012 University Center Economic Development Program Competition. Page 2. About The Author. Michael Saunders is an editor of ...
The trend towards economic decoupling, with the US and its allies seeking to secure and diversify their supply chains away from ... Strategic competition between the United States and China has intensified in recent years, with Europe joining the US ... RSIS Seminar on "Rising US-China Competition: Economic Implications for Malaysia". 08 June 2022 ... The trend towards economic decoupling, with the US and its allies seeking to secure and diversify their supply chains away from ...
We extend five principles of tax incidence under perfect competition to a general model of imperfect competition. The ... Pass-Through as an Economic Tool: Principles of Incidence under Imperfect Competition. Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 121, ... Weyl, Eric Glen and Fabinger, Michal, Pass-Through as an Economic Tool: Principles of Incidence under Imperfect Competition ( ... We extend five principles of tax incidence under perfect competition to a general model of imperfect competition. The ...
Frederic Jenny, Chairman, OECD Competition Committee. 15:35 , Panel 1 - Competition Law in Times of Corporate Due Diligence: ... The European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) is the voice of organised civil society in Europe. ... Giuseppe Guerini, INT Section Member, EESC and rapporteur of the opinions Report on Competition Policy 2020 & State Aid / ... This speech aims to provide an overview of the adopted and upcoming guidance and regulation with regards to competition law and ...
About China Economic Review. China Economic Review (CER) has been a dependably independent voice on trends and developments in ... Home Brief Gap narrows between China and competition as leading US IT supplier ... Gap narrows between China and competition as leading US IT supplier. on: June 20, 2019. In: Brief, Business Practice, Economics ...
... non-partisan organization dedicated to conducting economic research and to disseminating research findings among academics, ... Combining Rules and Discretion in Economic Development Policy: Evidence on the Impacts of the California Competes Tax Credit ... We evaluate the effects of one of a new generation of economic development programs, the California Competes Tax Credit (CCTC ... "Combining rules and discretion in economic development policy: Evidence on the impacts of the California Competes Tax Credit," ...
"Race to the Bottom: How Competition to Publish First Can Hurt Scientific Quality". ...
Given the current economic challenges facing Britain and the wider global environment, it is more vital than ever that we ... The lecture will examine how likely these reforms are to introduce meaningful competition in the sector and what needs to be ... Copyright © Institute of Economic Affairs , REGISTERED IN ENGLAND 755502, CHARITY NO. CC/235 351, LIMITED BY GUARANTEE ... Speakers: Professor Martin Cave, Deputy Chair, Competition Commission. Jonson Cox, Chairman, Ofwat. Commentator: Tony Ballance ...
The tournament has the potential to be one of the biggest conventions the city has ever had. ... Mobile group attempting to lure 2017 womens bowling tournament, which could mean $40 million in economic impact. ... Hudson said she feels "very confident" about the citys chance to land the tournament. Reno, Nev., will host the tournament for ... The tournament has the potential to be the second largest convention event ever in Mobile. (File photo) ...
FY 2012 University Center Economic Development Program Competition. Feb 9, 2012 , Blog, Economic Development News ... EDA holds University Center program competitions in two of its six regional offices on a non-annual basis. In FY 2012, EDA is ... The purpose of EDAs University Center Economic Development Program is to assist institutions of higher education and consortia ... University Center - Economic Development District Collaboration: A Case Study featuring Virginia Tech ...
G.C., S. B., & Sharma, G. (2018). Effect of Bank Competition on Financial Stability: Empirical Evidence from Nepal. Economic ... There are two hypotheses about the relationship between competition and financial stability in the banking system: "competition ... "competition-stability" view. Competition in banking sector is found to result in decrease in credit risk and contribute for ... view argues that competition makes banks more likely totake excessive risks, thereby leading to fragility, while "competition- ...
This study argues that adoption strengthening of a competition law regime is a key component of the regulatory reforms, which ... We face big challenges to help the worlds poorest people and ensure that everyone sees benefits from economic growth. Data and ...
... legal analysis in competition cases is conducted on a case-by-case approach. This approach assesses each particular practice ... Competition, Effects and Predictability. Rule of Law and the Economic Approach to Competition. Bruce Wardhaugh (Author) ... Competition, Effects and Predictability. Rule of Law and the Economic Approach to Competition. Bruce Wardhaugh (Author) ... Competition, Effects and Predictability will be of interest to European and American competition law scholars and practitioners ...
"Platform Competition in Two-Sided Market," Journal of the European Economic Association, Vol. 1, No. 4, 2003, pp. 990-1009. doi ... and negative intra-group externalities where the surplus is destroyed because members within the group compete with each other ...
This book provides edited selections of primary source material in the intellectual history of competition policy from Adam ... Caroline Si Bouazza Derian, The Making of Competition Policy: Legal and Economic Sources, December 2013, Concurrences N° 4-2013 ... The Making of Competition Policy: Legal and Economic Sources. Daniel Crane, Herbert Hovenkamp ... Previous article State of competition law in Luxembourg further to the 2011 reform Next article Les rapports entre autorités de ...
The heads of the worlds most powerful and high-profile antitrust agencies say competition and antitrust enforcement pulls its ... Subscribe to Global Competition Review. Subscribe to unlock unlimited access. Get news, unique commentary, expert analysis and ...
Whats in a name? The marginal standard of review of "complex economic evaluations" in EU competition enforcement ... Kalintiri, Andriani (2016) Whats in a name? The marginal standard of review of "complex economic evaluations" in EU ... competition enforcement. Common Market Law Review, 53 (5). pp. 1283-1316. ISSN 0165-0750 ...
Resources Economic Development Directory Grantee Information Indirect Cost Program Research Reports Tools for Economic ... About Leadership Investment Priorities Economic Development Integration Innovation and Entrepreneurship Disaster Recovery EDA ...
United Empire: Effects of Political Competition on Economic Growth. (deposited 28 Apr 2008 07:14) * Nation States vs. United ... United Empire: Effects of Political Competition on Economic Growth. (deposited 18 Apr 2008 14:41) [Currently Displayed]* Nation ... O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth , O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity , O43 ... Hirshleifer, Jack (1991) "The Technology of Conflict as an Economic Activity" American Economic Review, vol. 81, p. 130-134. ...
  • In keeping with this mission, the Economic Development Administration has recently established the 2012 University Center Economic Development Program Competition wherein they intend to solicit grant applications from higher education institutions stating their intent to establish and operate special University Centers that are focused on leveraging university assets in order to create regional economic ecosystems that will support high-growth entrepreneurship. (topgovernmentgrants.com)
  • The purpose of EDA's University Center Economic Development Program is to assist institutions of higher education and consortia of institutions of higher education in establishing and operating University Centers specifically focused on leveraging university assets to build regional economic ecosystems that support high-growth entrepreneurship. (universityeda.org)
  • This panel aims to broaden the topic beyond competition law and take into account other regulatory instruments that could help or hinder sustainability initiatives. (europa.eu)
  • This speech aims to provide an overview of the adopted and upcoming guidance and regulation with regards to competition law and sustainability. (europa.eu)
  • Against this backdrop, market failures, notably those accentuated by sustainability and income inequality issues, have risen to prominence in competition law discourse, both doctrinally and in the realm of policymaking. (lu.se)
  • Although studies have begun to question the ecological sustainability of managed fishery systems, they often omit the corresponding effects on the economic sustainability of fishery industries. (illinois.edu)
  • BenDor, T, Scheffran, J & Hannon, B 2009, ' Ecological and economic sustainability in fishery management: A multi-agent model for understanding competition and cooperation ', Ecological Economics , vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 1061-1073. (illinois.edu)
  • In today's economic environment firms are faced with challenges associated with increasing global competition, expectations of stellar sustainability practices, and maintaning production levels or market share while often experiencing decreased resource availability. (cdc.gov)
  • Combining rules and discretion in economic development policy: Evidence on the impacts of the California Competes Tax Credit, " Journal of Public Economics, vol 217. (nber.org)
  • and Noh, Suk Jae (1994) "Proprietary Public Finance and Economic Welfare" Journal of Public Economics, vol. 53, p. 187-204. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • and Tabellini, Guido (2000) "Political Economics: Explaining Economic Policy" The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • September 29, 1895 - December 26, 1973) was an American mathematical statistician and an influential economic theorist, known for Hotelling's law, Hotelling's lemma, and Hotelling's rule in economics, as well as Hotelling's T-squared distribution in statistics. (wikipedia.org)
  • This dissertation examines the legal standards for the protection of competition in the innovation process in European competition law and American antitrust law. (lu.se)
  • ABSTRACT: The e-marketplaces, which play an important role in facilitating transactions and aggregating information in electronic commerce, show positive inter-group externalities where one group's benefit from receiving a service depends on the number of the intermediary services consumed by the other group, and negative intra-group externalities where the surplus is destroyed because members within the group compete with each other. (scirp.org)
  • The lecture will examine how likely these reforms are to introduce meaningful competition in the sector and what needs to be done to ensure their success. (iea.org.uk)
  • The market reforms liberalized the public utilities and brought them up to competition. (afralti.org)
  • The existence of a «single economic unit» can be inferred on the basis of a «consistent body of evidence» requiring case-by-case assessment. (eui.eu)
  • The grants of initiatives of the EDA are all geared towards the realization of its primary agency mission which is to "lead the federal economic development agenda by promoting innovation and competitiveness, preparing American regions for growth and success in the worldwide economy. (topgovernmentgrants.com)
  • and Vaubel, Roland (2004) "Political Competition, Innovation and Growth in the History of Asian Civilizations" Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • As we enter this new period of extreme economic, geopolitical and environmental uncertainty, the unstoppable demand for change and innovation bumps up against the cost and complexity of providing the tools and platforms to meet customer expectations. (wealthbriefing.com)
  • Innovation issues are increasingly highlighted in public policy, including competition policy. (lu.se)
  • Not only is innovation a major factor behind economic growth in society, it is also increasingly shaping market conditions and affecting market participants' behaviour. (lu.se)
  • Questions of market definition, the assessment of innovation competition in defined markets, the role of efficiencies in the appraisal of transactions and possible remedies to alleviate anticompetitive effects are explored. (lu.se)
  • For this purpose a range of case law is reviewed which assesses whether a transaction or unilateral conduct would limit market participants' incentives and abilities for continued innovation and future competition. (lu.se)
  • The student must demonstrate good knowledge of these instruments and of relevant secondary sources of law including Commission Decisions, the case law of the European courts and the evolving debate at EU level in relation to the enforcement of EU competition law provisions. (lu.se)
  • The lectures are held in memory of Professor Michael Beesley, who was a leading architect of the British system of utility regulation and a Managing Trustee of the Institute of Economic Affairs. (iea.org.uk)
  • Given the current economic challenges facing Britain and the wider global environment, it is more vital than ever that we promote the intellectual case for a free economy, low taxes, freedom in education, health and welfare and lower levels of regulation. (iea.org.uk)
  • Also, the modernisation of the procedural rules in Regulation 1/2003 including the role of national competition authorities and the Merger Control Reform will be addressed. (lu.se)
  • In 2000, a group of city officials pitched Mobile as site for the 2005 men's tournament, but that eventually went to Baton Rouge, La. (al.com)
  • Our download national capitalisms global competition and economic performance 2000 is to Thank back-to-the-story-in-progress through the t password studies, on the Observation decomposition and through our book Nationalism. (freiplan-ingenieure.de)
  • Journal of Economic Integration 2022 June;37(2) :337-376. (e-jei.org)
  • A group of Mobile officials are attempting to lure the 2017 USBC women's tournament to the Arthur R. Outlaw Convention Center. (al.com)
  • MOBILE, Alabama - A group of Mobile officials are in Arlington, Texas, today in an attempt to hit a strike and win the 2017 women's tournament that has the potential to be one of the city's biggest ever convention events. (al.com)
  • If the city wins the 2017 tournament, 48 lanes will be built inside the convention center. (al.com)
  • Lowering regulatory barriers to competition - especially in the important tourism and construction sectors, but also in agriculture and energy - and easing restrictions on foreign-owned firms would help to diversify the economy and drive growth. (oecd.org)
  • legal system on institutions within EU Member States that may historically/culturally have organised economic sectors upon the basis of social logics that do not necessarily accord with the centrality of competition and its accompanying logics as a principle of social organisation. (uu.nl)
  • This may apply in particular to economic sectors that have historically been organised to serve producerist objectives or interests (an orientation of the state on the supply side of a market). (uu.nl)
  • Here, it is shown that the role and value of market failure remain fluid, moulding itself to distinct objectives across EU competition law sectors. (lu.se)
  • We argue that models of oligopsony or monopsonistic competition provide insights and explanation for many empirical phenomena in labor markets. (aeaweb.org)
  • Both theoretically and practically, a discord is evident between the legal framework and empirical economic insights. (lu.se)
  • This paper examines existing empirical research regarding the importance of competition and competition policy for variables relevant to macroeconomic outcomes. (e-jei.org)
  • In this respect, it contours beyond economic efficiency remains nebulous. (lu.se)
  • Therefore, the need for this course is justified to provide the countries in particular Rwanda, knowledge and skills for managing effectively the competition in the market-oriented and private sector led economy in order to promote effectively economic efficiency of the country and attract foreign investments. (afralti.org)
  • At the end of the course, participants will be able to manage properly the competition in the market oriented and private sector led economy that can promote effectively economic efficiency of Rwanda. (afralti.org)
  • Gains from enhanced competition can essentially be divided into efficiency and redistribution effects. (e-jei.org)
  • Efficiency gains result from the positive impact of competition on productivity growth, which allows firms and industries to produce more and better products and services at lower cost, whereas redistribution effects are associated with the impact of competition on inequality and employment in the market. (e-jei.org)
  • We show how these principles can be used to simplify and generalize the analysis of a range of economic questions such as the optimal procurement of new markets and the welfare effects of third-degree price discrimination. (ssrn.com)
  • The function of EU competition law is seemingly apparent: to prohibit cartels amongst firms and combat the abuse of positions of economic dominance in order to ensure effective competition and, eventually, to maximise consumer welfare. (uu.nl)
  • It shall do so upon the basis of a critical reflection of attempts by the European Commission to "liberate" the liberal professions and more recent examples in The Netherlands that demonstrate how EU competition law may install a logic of consumer welfare as a primary principle of social organisation whenever firms co-operate to achieve public interest objectives. (uu.nl)
  • This dynamic hints at an evolving paradigm: competition law might no longer be immune to suboptimal market outcomes that reduces social welfare. (lu.se)
  • To determine whether public policy intervention in the market is warranted welfare economic has developed the theory of market failure. (lu.se)
  • The ambiguity surrounding the definition of market failure, traditionally rooted in welfare economic, poses a challenge. (lu.se)
  • Conventionally, it construed as an inherently welfare economic theory. (lu.se)
  • On each discovered planet a competition for economic dominance breaks out. (steampowered.com)
  • This paper empirically examines the impact of competition on Nepalese banking system employing annual data of commercial banks from 1999 to 2012 period using fixed effects panel data model. (nepjol.info)
  • Our mission is to improve understanding of the fundamental institutions of a free society by analysing and expounding the role of the markets in solving economic and social problems. (iea.org.uk)
  • What value, if any, does market failure hold within the legal analysis of public policy intervention on markets in EU competition law? (lu.se)
  • Certificate of need and the cost of competition in home healthcare markets. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Competition authorities try to mitigate negative distortionary effects on the markets by tackling abuse of market power or cartels and by controlling mergers. (tilburguniversity.edu)
  • The competition brought up new private utility companies into the markets and a paradigm shift of the economy from the natural monopolies and state ownership to a market-oriented and private sector led economy. (afralti.org)
  • In combination with more overt economic competition with China, Europe may be entering a new era of industrial policy, upending standard expectations about the EU's role in markets. (lu.se)
  • It may be part of assessing actual and potential competition in relation to existing product or technology markets. (lu.se)
  • Iceland's economy was hit hard by the COVID-19 crisis but is now well on the road to recovery thanks to effective policy action," said OECD Director of Economic Country Studies Alvaro Pereira , presenting the report alongside Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs Bjarni Benediktsson . (oecd.org)
  • However, political instability and an uncertain policy environment in the country give MNCs some cause for concern, particularly given the significant competition from Malaysia's regional peers, namely Vietnam and Indonesia. (rsis.edu.sg)
  • Competition, Effects and Predictability will be of interest to European and American competition law scholars and practitioners, legal historians, policy makers and members of the judiciary. (bloomsbury.com)
  • This book provides edited selections of primary source material in the intellectual history of competition policy from Adam Smith to the present day. (concurrences.com)
  • Caroline Si Bouazza Derian, The Making of Competition Policy: Legal and Economic Sources , December 2013 , Concurrences N° 4-2013, Art. (concurrences.com)
  • The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the role and value of market failure theory in competition law when assessing the compatibility of public policy measures. (lu.se)
  • However, within this economic framework, the outcome of broader public policy goals remains nebulous. (lu.se)
  • A reasoning by analogy to the analysis of private restrictions of competition, suggests an equally more effect-based approach to public policy intervention under those provisions. (lu.se)
  • Svitak, J & van Sinderen, J 2018, ' Economic impact of competition policy: A look beyond consumer surplus ', Economist-Netherlands , vol. 166, no. 1, pp. 23-40. (tilburguniversity.edu)
  • The U.S. Department of Education is seeking 50 to 80 outside judges to help award $4 billion in Race to the Top Fund grants under the economic-stimulus program-job openings that demand both education policy expertise and a detached interest in the high-stakes education reform competition. (edweek.org)
  • Competition policy is demonstrated to bring multiple benefits for macroeconomic outcomes in several economic studies. (e-jei.org)
  • This dissertation explores the relationship between government and neoliberal ideas about competition through a study of EU state aid policy. (lu.se)
  • The latest OECD Economic Survey of Iceland says that once the recovery is well underway, support to households and firms can give way to fiscal consolidation. (oecd.org)
  • We develop, validate, and apply a novel approach for measuring competition based on the comovement of markups and market shares among firms in the same location and industry. (aeaweb.org)
  • This paper presents a new, generic definition of relational financing that may cover a wide range of financial practices in different economies, ranging from the Japanese main bank relationship, to bank lending to smaller firms, and venture capital in the U.S. It then discusses various incentives of the financier to commit to relational financing and reviews the recent literature on issues about how those incentives are affected by increasing competition. (stanford.edu)
  • The Economic Development Administration, otherwise known as EDA, is a federal government agency operating within the United States Department of Commerce that is largely responsible for providing grants to economically distressed communities in an effort to help generate new job opportunities, assist in retaining existing jobs and stimulating industrial and commercial growth. (topgovernmentgrants.com)
  • The authority's primary goal is to administer funding in the form of tax exempt bonds and other debt instruments through several programs which are divided into three main categories: Economic Development, Homeownership, and Affordable Rental Housing. (topgovernmentgrants.com)
  • We evaluate the effects of one of a new generation of economic development programs, the California Competes Tax Credit (CCTC), on local job creation. (nber.org)
  • University Center applicants should integrate their programs across their institutions in order to leverage multiple programs that support economic development. (universityeda.org)
  • The Maryland Economic Development Association (MEDA) enhances the knowledge and skills of its members and encourages partnerships and networking among those committed to bringing jobs and investment to Maryland. (medamd.com)
  • Kochtitzky thinks STAR will foster competition among communities to attract businesses, jobs and economic development, resulting in better living environments for residents. (cdc.gov)
  • Achieving sustainable economic development and mitigating climate change require effective green transformation management. (bvsalud.org)
  • The study aims to investigate how political factors such as government policies and economic development impact carbon emissions and subsequently affect the fertility rates in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). (bvsalud.org)
  • The results suggest that secularization during the 20th century has been driven by cognitive rather than economic development. (bvsalud.org)
  • Deals beyond a certain threshold require the approval of Competition Commission of India ( CCI ) before they are consummated. (indiatimes.com)
  • This is an appeal to the subscribers, contributors, advertisers and well-wishers of Economic and Political Weekly (EPW), published by Sameeksha Trust, a public charitable trust registered with the office of the Charity Commissioner, Mumbai, India. (epw.in)
  • National Restaurant Association of India: Zomato, Swiggy will have new competition. (indiatimes.com)
  • Economic reform is about raising productivity. (eastasiaforum.org)
  • One of the great lessons to come out of China over the past three and a half decades is that privatisation isn't crucial for boosting productivity - competition is. (eastasiaforum.org)
  • Better to put that to one side and look instead at China's progress with competition and productivity. (eastasiaforum.org)
  • We have updated the model to enable simulating the impact of competition policies on productivity and R&D in order to get a balanced view on the effects. (tilburguniversity.edu)
  • 07/07/2021 - Rising exports are helping to restore economic growth in Iceland after the blow from the COVID-19 crisis, even though tourism is still recovering. (oecd.org)
  • In addition,besides competition level in the banking system, macroeconomic situation of the country is found to be an important determinant of banking system stability. (nepjol.info)
  • We apply our approach to the well-known special economic zones (SEZs) of China. (aeaweb.org)
  • Panel 1 - Competition Law in Times of Corporate Due Diligence: How to reach a coherent approach? (europa.eu)
  • In the US and EU, legal analysis in competition cases is conducted on a case-by-case approach. (bloomsbury.com)
  • This is the first book to explore this tension between Europe's 'More Economic Approach', the US's Rule of Reason, and the Rule of Law. (bloomsbury.com)
  • The book forcefully argues that this approach to competition law represents a threat to the rule of law. (bloomsbury.com)
  • NEW DELHI: The possible coming together of online retailers Amazon and Flipkart is likely to face close scrutiny on competition issues as the combined entity will be a dominant player in the fast growing Indian e-commerce market, according to experts. (indiatimes.com)
  • Not-for-profit group CUTS (Consumer Unity and Trust Society) International said the merger of Flipkart and Amazon might impact the merchants negatively though, as they would have limited bargaining power due to absence of competition among online market platforms. (indiatimes.com)
  • While the merger may result in the rise of a dominant player (approximately 90 percent online market share), it will have limited impact on consumers, who will keep benefiting from the competition among merchants. (indiatimes.com)
  • The EESC has six sections specialising in specific topics of relevance to the citizens of the European Union, ranging from social to economic affairs, energy, environment, external relations or the internal market. (europa.eu)
  • Finally, it assesses that the ongoing experiment of main bank relationship in China may be one of viable financial options for successful transition of the planned economy to a market economy, but cautions that more competition in the banking sector is necessary for relational banking to emerge as an institution. (stanford.edu)
  • A (economic) consumerist orientation is, by contrast, focussed on purposive rights and interests on the demand side of the market-in particular, primarily as an interest in competitive prices and choice for consumers. (uu.nl)
  • If a traditional view is unsatisfactory the question arises if we can conceive a new alternative understanding of market failure in EU competition law? (lu.se)
  • First the thesis aims to establish a framework for assessing the relevance of market in EU competition law. (lu.se)
  • Therefore, the different meanings of market failure across economic, legal and political spectrums are dismantled. (lu.se)
  • Second, the market failure framework is applied across the different areas of EU competition law, thereby determining its functionality. (lu.se)
  • The role of, and relationship between, the different grounds for derogations within that framework are analysed in order to assess the nexus of market failure in EU competition law. (lu.se)
  • An EU competition law-specific doctrine of market failure emerges, potentially diverging from its economic counterparts. (lu.se)
  • Regional Market Competition is Associated with Aneurysm Diameter at the Time of EVAR. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Economic Regulations that can be applied to promote effective competition in the market oriented and private sector led economy. (afralti.org)
  • The ubiquitous nature of market failures, as per economic theory, stands in stark contrast to their exceptional treatment in EU competition law. (lu.se)
  • There's been a lot written about how the clampdown is hindering short-term economic growth: sales of luxury brands have slumped and restaurants and entertainment venues have lost their best customers. (eastasiaforum.org)
  • We face big challenges to help the world's poorest people and ensure that everyone sees benefits from economic growth. (worldbank.org)
  • Is the European nation-state system more favorable to economic growth than the united-empire system in ancient China? (uni-muenchen.de)
  • This paper develops an endogenous-growth model to analyze the conditions under which economic growth is higher under political fragmentation than political unification. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • 1. Acemoglu, Daron (2008) "Introduction to Modern Economic Growth" book manuscript. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • and, the nature and stability of the legal principles used in modern effects-based competition analysis. (bloomsbury.com)
  • Get news, unique commentary, expert analysis and essential resources from the Global Competition Review experts. (globalcompetitionreview.com)
  • The neglected download national capitalisms global competition is not encountered in Rhythms, & and environmental attack, and the Framework of this artworkIllustrationsArtsyMiddle is to pressure this analysis However in a immediate, illustrative, soft, and financial training. (freiplan-ingenieure.de)
  • There are two hypotheses about the relationship between competition and financial stability in the banking system: "competition-fragility" view argues that competition makes banks more likely totake excessive risks, thereby leading to fragility, while "competition-stability" view suggests that higherinterest rates in less competitive environments may cause borrowers to take higher risks,resulting in higher probability of non-performing loans and a more fragile system. (nepjol.info)
  • The blow to hotels, restaurants and other tourism services was cushioned in part by a doubling in domestic trips by Icelanders, but a full recovery of the tourism sector hinges on health and economic conditions overseas enabling the return of foreign visitors. (oecd.org)
  • Competition in the Water sector: reality or mirage? (iea.org.uk)
  • Competition in banking sector is found to result in decrease in credit risk and contribute for financial stability. (nepjol.info)
  • Over the past two decades, competition law has undergone a modernisation process, leaning towards a more. (lu.se)
  • We extend five principles of tax incidence under perfect competition to a general model of imperfect competition. (ssrn.com)
  • The principles cover 1) the independence of physical and economic incidence, the 2) qualitative and 3) quantitative manner in which taxes are split between consumers and producers, 4) the determinants of tax pass-through and 5) the integration of local incidence to determine the overall division of surplus. (ssrn.com)
  • Weyl, Eric Glen and Fabinger, Michal, Pass-Through as an Economic Tool: Principles of Incidence under Imperfect Competition (February 24, 2013). (ssrn.com)
  • The aim of the course is to enable students to critically reflect upon the basic principles, legislation and case law of European Union Competition Law. (lu.se)
  • In this article, we analyze the interactions between economic and ecological dynamic systems using a multi-agent dynamic model of fishery management. (illinois.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Economic Competition" by people in Profiles. (ucdenver.edu)
  • The European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) is the voice of organised civil society in Europe. (europa.eu)
  • In the second step , a committee of employer and employee representatives from the Social and Economic Council tests the technical and economic feasibility of the recommended exposure limit in the field and advises on it. (cdc.gov)
  • show the ability to master a wide range of diverse sources of legislation, case law and doctrine in European Union competition law · show the ability to identify practical solutions in the application of competition law · assess legal and economic issues in relation to competition law · discuss competition law from a normative standpoint. (lu.se)
  • The course includes a review of the European Union competition law - its economic basis, legal substance and current legal developments. (lu.se)
  • The legal frameworks are evaluated with regard to their underlying economic rationale. (lu.se)
  • 2021. "Agglomeration, Misallocation, and (the Lack of) Competition. (aeaweb.org)
  • 10. Hirshleifer, Jack (1991) "The Technology of Conflict as an Economic Activity" American Economic Review, vol. 81, p. 130-134. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • In so doing he challenges the traditional notion that Japan comprises a uniform culture, and draws attention to its subcultural diversity and class competition. (lu.se)
  • Hence, policymakers should facilitate further consolidation in the financial industry, however, it should be ensured that excessive consolidation doesn't result in an environment that hinders competition. (nepjol.info)
  • Ever wondered why policymakers seem so convinced that more competition is the solution to all economic problems? (lu.se)
  • 7. Issues pertaining to promoting and sustaining local production capacity introduce a complex combination of health, social and economic considerations. (who.int)
  • In the third step , the Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment establishes an OEL based on the recommendations of the Health Council of the Netherlands and of the Social and Economic Council. (cdc.gov)
  • Finding such "disinterested superstars," as U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan has called them, could be difficult, given the scope, scale, and money attached to the competition, observers say. (edweek.org)
  • This includes sound knowledge of the European competition provisions, their application and scope. (lu.se)
  • Through 'regulatory shopping' across national borders, airlines put pressure on other airlines to do the same in order not to fall behind in the competition for customers. (toi.no)
  • In cases where the watchdog finds possible anti-competition issues, it can call for remedial measures to address the concerns. (indiatimes.com)
  • The usual assessment of Xi Jinping's performance as China's leader goes like this: since taking the reins at the end of 2012 he's over-delivered on anticorruption and underwhelmed on economic reform. (eastasiaforum.org)
  • Putting a finger on Xi's economic reform achievements has been harder. (eastasiaforum.org)
  • But China's economic reform program hasn't underwhelmed. (eastasiaforum.org)
  • Some commentators are also getting it wrong by confusing privatisation with economic reform. (eastasiaforum.org)
  • That's China's economic reform agenda in a nutshell. (eastasiaforum.org)
  • Those are also the four education reform "assurances" in the economic-stimulus package. (edweek.org)
  • EDA holds University Center program competitions in two of its six regional offices on a non-annual basis. (universityeda.org)
  • Later, at Columbia University (where during 1933-34 he taught Milton Friedman statistics) in the '40s, Hotelling in turn encouraged young Kenneth Arrow to switch from mathematics and statistics applied to actuarial studies towards more general applications of mathematics in general economic theory. (wikipedia.org)
  • Industrial agglomeration policies may limit competition. (aeaweb.org)