Echocardiography. Medical search

Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.

Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues using a transducer placed in the esophagus.

Echocardiography amplified by the addition of depth to the conventional two-dimensional ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY visualizing only the length and width of the heart. Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging was first described in 1961 but its application to echocardiography did not take place until 1974. (Mayo Clin Proc 1993;68:221-40)

Measurement of intracardiac blood flow using an M-mode and/or two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiogram while simultaneously recording the spectrum of the audible Doppler signal (e.g., velocity, direction, amplitude, intensity, timing) reflected from the moving column of red blood cells.

A method of recording heart motion and internal structures by combining ultrasonic imaging with exercise testing (EXERCISE TEST) or pharmacologic stress.

Echocardiography applying the Doppler effect, with the superposition of flow information as colors on a gray scale in a real-time image.

Echocardiography applying the Doppler effect, with velocity detection combined with range discrimination. Short bursts of ultrasound are transmitted at regular intervals and the echoes are demodulated as they return.

A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the left HEART VENTRICLE. Its measurement is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease to determine the effects of the disease on cardiac performance.

A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.

The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart.

The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.

The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.

Backflow of blood from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the LEFT ATRIUM due to imperfect closure of the MITRAL VALVE. This can lead to mitral valve regurgitation.

Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.

The chambers of the heart, to which the BLOOD returns from the circulation.

Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the ATRIAL SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between the two upper chambers of the heart. Classification of atrial septal defects is based on location of the communication and types of incomplete fusion of atrial septa with the ENDOCARDIAL CUSHIONS in the fetal heart. They include ostium primum, ostium secundum, sinus venosus, and coronary sinus defects.

Pathological conditions involving any of the various HEART VALVES and the associated structures (PAPILLARY MUSCLES and CHORDAE TENDINEAE).

Post-systolic relaxation of the HEART, especially the HEART VENTRICLES.

The failure by the observer to measure or identify a phenomenon accurately, which results in an error. Sources for this may be due to the observer's missing an abnormality, or to faulty technique resulting in incorrect test measurement, or to misinterpretation of the data. Two varieties are inter-observer variation (the amount observers vary from one another when reporting on the same material) and intra-observer variation (the amount one observer varies between observations when reporting more than once on the same material).

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Period of contraction of the HEART, especially of the HEART VENTRICLES.

Procedures in which placement of CARDIAC CATHETERS is performed for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.

Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life.

Tumors in any part of the heart. They include primary cardiac tumors and metastatic tumors to the heart. Their interference with normal cardiac functions can cause a wide variety of symptoms including HEART FAILURE; CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS; or EMBOLISM.

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.

Contractile activity of the MYOCARDIUM.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

The valve between the left ventricle and the ascending aorta which prevents backflow into the left ventricle.

Agents that have a strengthening effect on the heart or that can increase cardiac output. They may be CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES; SYMPATHOMIMETICS; or other drugs. They are used after MYOCARDIAL INFARCT; CARDIAC SURGICAL PROCEDURES; in SHOCK; or in congestive heart failure (HEART FAILURE).

The heart of the fetus of any viviparous animal. It refers to the heart in the postembryonic period and is differentiated from the embryonic heart (HEART/embryology) only on the basis of time.

Dynamic three-dimensional echocardiography using the added dimension of time to impart the cinematic perception of motion. (Mayo Clin Proc 1993;68:221-40)

Substances used to allow enhanced visualization of tissues.

Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Studies to determine the advantages or disadvantages, practicability, or capability of accomplishing a projected plan, study, or project.

This structure includes the thin muscular atrial septum between the two HEART ATRIA, and the thick muscular ventricular septum between the two HEART VENTRICLES.

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART.

A device that substitutes for a heart valve. It may be composed of biological material (BIOPROSTHESIS) and/or synthetic material.

Backflow of blood from the RIGHT VENTRICLE into the RIGHT ATRIUM due to imperfect closure of the TRICUSPID VALVE.

Pathological condition characterized by the backflow of blood from the ASCENDING AORTA back into the LEFT VENTRICLE, leading to regurgitation. It is caused by diseases of the AORTIC VALVE or its surrounding tissue (aortic root).

The valve consisting of three cusps situated between the right atrium and right ventricle of the heart.

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

A pathological constriction that can occur above (supravalvular stenosis), below (subvalvular stenosis), or at the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by restricted outflow from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the AORTA.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

Abnormal protrusion or billowing of one or both of the leaflets of MITRAL VALVE into the LEFT ATRIUM during SYSTOLE. This allows the backflow of blood into left atrium leading to MITRAL VALVE INSUFFICIENCY; SYSTOLIC MURMURS; or CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA.

A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).

Narrowing of the passage through the MITRAL VALVE due to FIBROSIS, and CALCINOSIS in the leaflets and chordal areas. This elevates the left atrial pressure which, in turn, raises pulmonary venous and capillary pressure leading to bouts of DYSPNEA and TACHYCARDIA during physical exertion. RHEUMATIC FEVER is its primary cause.

A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the LEFT ATRIUM.

A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752)

The volume of the HEART, usually relating to the volume of BLOOD contained within it at various periods of the cardiac cycle. The amount of blood ejected from a ventricle at each beat is STROKE VOLUME.

The geometric and structural changes that the HEART VENTRICLES undergo, usually following MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. It comprises expansion of the infarct and dilatation of the healthy ventricle segments. While most prevalent in the left ventricle, it can also occur in the right ventricle.

A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the right HEART VENTRICLE.

Fluid accumulation within the PERICARDIUM. Serous effusions are associated with pericardial diseases. Hemopericardium is associated with trauma. Lipid-containing effusion (chylopericardium) results from leakage of THORACIC DUCT. Severe cases can lead to CARDIAC TAMPONADE.

A condition in which the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE or MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the right ventricular wall.

Radiography of the vascular system of the heart muscle after injection of a contrast medium.

An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.

Surgical insertion of synthetic material to repair injured or diseased heart valves.

A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease, characterized by left and/or right ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERTROPHY, LEFT VENTRICULAR; HYPERTROPHY, RIGHT VENTRICULAR), frequent asymmetrical involvement of the HEART SEPTUM, and normal or reduced left ventricular volume. Risk factors include HYPERTENSION; AORTIC STENOSIS; and gene MUTATION; (FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY).

Heart sounds caused by vibrations resulting from the flow of blood through the heart. Heart murmurs can be examined by HEART AUSCULTATION, and analyzed by their intensity (6 grades), duration, timing (systolic, diastolic, or continuous), location, transmission, and quality (musical, vibratory, blowing, etc).

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.

Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the VENTRICULAR SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between the two lower chambers of the heart. Classification of ventricular septal defects is based on location of the communication, such as perimembranous, inlet, outlet (infundibular), central muscular, marginal muscular, or apical muscular defect.

A benign neoplasm derived from connective tissue, consisting chiefly of polyhedral and stellate cells that are loosely embedded in a soft mucoid matrix, thereby resembling primitive mesenchymal tissue. It occurs frequently intramuscularly where it may be mistaken for a sarcoma. It appears also in the jaws and the skin. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.

Blocking of a blood vessel by an embolus which can be a blood clot or other undissolved material in the blood stream.

A localized bulging or dilatation in the muscle wall of a heart (MYOCARDIUM), usually in the LEFT VENTRICLE. Blood-filled aneurysms are dangerous because they may burst. Fibrous aneurysms interfere with the heart function through the loss of contractility. True aneurysm is bound by the vessel wall or cardiac wall. False aneurysms are HEMATOMA caused by myocardial rupture.

Surgery performed on the heart.

Ear-shaped appendage of either atrium of the heart. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Liquid perfluorinated carbon compounds which may or may not contain a hetero atom such as nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, but do not contain another halogen or hydrogen atom. This concept includes fluorocarbon emulsions and fluorocarbon blood substitutes.

Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.

Examinations used to diagnose and treat heart conditions.

The visualization of tissues during pregnancy through recording of the echoes of ultrasonic waves directed into the body. The procedure may be applied with reference to the mother or the fetus and with reference to organs or the detection of maternal or fetal disease.

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (ENDOCARDIUM), the continuous membrane lining the four chambers and HEART VALVES. It is often caused by microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and rickettsiae. Left untreated, endocarditis can damage heart valves and become life-threatening.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

The short wide vessel arising from the conus arteriosus of the right ventricle and conveying unaerated blood to the lungs.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

A condition in which the FORAMEN OVALE in the ATRIAL SEPTUM fails to close shortly after birth. This results in abnormal communications between the two upper chambers of the heart. An isolated patent ovale foramen without other structural heart defects is usually of no hemodynamic significance.

A method of computed tomography that uses radionuclides which emit a single photon of a given energy. The camera is rotated 180 or 360 degrees around the patient to capture images at multiple positions along the arc. The computer is then used to reconstruct the transaxial, sagittal, and coronal images from the 3-dimensional distribution of radionuclides in the organ. The advantages of SPECT are that it can be used to observe biochemical and physiological processes as well as size and volume of the organ. The disadvantage is that, unlike positron-emission tomography where the positron-electron annihilation results in the emission of 2 photons at 180 degrees from each other, SPECT requires physical collimation to line up the photons, which results in the loss of many available photons and hence degrades the image.

Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.

Prolonged dysfunction of the myocardium after a brief episode of severe ischemia, with gradual return of contractile activity.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

A condition in which HEART VENTRICLES exhibit impaired function.

Graphic registration of the heart sounds picked up as vibrations and transformed by a piezoelectric crystal microphone into a varying electrical output according to the stresses imposed by the sound waves. The electrical output is amplified by a stethograph amplifier and recorded by a device incorporated into the electrocardiograph or by a multichannel recording machine.

A PEPTIDE that is secreted by the BRAIN and the HEART ATRIA, stored mainly in cardiac ventricular MYOCARDIUM. It can cause NATRIURESIS; DIURESIS; VASODILATION; and inhibits secretion of RENIN and ALDOSTERONE. It improves heart function. It contains 32 AMINO ACIDS.

The tendinous cords that connect each cusp of the two atrioventricular HEART VALVES to appropriate PAPILLARY MUSCLES in the HEART VENTRICLES, preventing the valves from reversing themselves when the ventricles contract.

The span of viability of a tissue or an organ.

Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation.

Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or intravenous drug use.

Patient care procedures performed during the operation that are ancillary to the actual surgery. It includes monitoring, fluid therapy, medication, transfusion, anesthesia, radiography, and laboratory tests.

The veins that return the oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the HEART VENTRICLES.

Methods developed to aid in the interpretation of ultrasound, radiographic images, etc., for diagnosis of disease.

Motion pictures of the passage of contrast medium through blood vessels.

The blood pressure as recorded after wedging a CATHETER in a small PULMONARY ARTERY; believed to reflect the PRESSURE in the pulmonary CAPILLARIES.

Compression of the heart by accumulated fluid (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION) or blood (HEMOPERICARDIUM) in the PERICARDIUM surrounding the heart. The affected cardiac functions and CARDIAC OUTPUT can range from minimal to total hemodynamic collapse.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

Flaps of tissue that prevent regurgitation of BLOOD from the HEART VENTRICLES to the HEART ATRIA or from the PULMONARY ARTERIES or AORTA to the ventricles.

The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.

The constant checking on the state or condition of a patient during the course of a surgical operation (e.g., checking of vital signs).

The pressure within a CARDIAC VENTRICLE. Ventricular pressure waveforms can be measured in the beating heart by catheterization or estimated using imaging techniques (e.g., DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY). The information is useful in evaluating the function of the MYOCARDIUM; CARDIAC VALVES; and PERICARDIUM, particularly with simultaneous measurement of other (e.g., aortic or atrial) pressures.

Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

Occlusion of the outflow tract in either the LEFT VENTRICLE or the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart. This may result from CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS, predisposing heart diseases, complications of surgery, or HEART NEOPLASMS.

Pathological processes involving any part of the AORTA.

A type of imaging technique used primarily in the field of cardiology. By coordinating the fast gradient-echo MRI sequence with retrospective ECG-gating, numerous short time frames evenly spaced in the cardiac cycle are produced. These images are laced together in a cinematic display so that wall motion of the ventricles, valve motion, and blood flow patterns in the heart and great vessels can be visualized.

The muscular membranous segment between the PHARYNX and the STOMACH in the UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.

Cardiac manifestation of systemic rheumatological conditions, such as RHEUMATIC FEVER. Rheumatic heart disease can involve any part the heart, most often the HEART VALVES and the ENDOCARDIUM.

A versatile contrast medium used for DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY RADIOLOGY.

Abnormalities in any part of the HEART SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communication between the left and the right chambers of the heart. The abnormal blood flow inside the heart may be caused by defects in the ATRIAL SEPTUM, the VENTRICULAR SEPTUM, or both.

The use of ultrasound to guide minimally invasive surgical procedures such as needle ASPIRATION BIOPSY; DRAINAGE; etc. Its widest application is intravascular ultrasound imaging but it is useful also in urology and intra-abdominal conditions.

General or unspecified injuries to the heart.

A valve situated at the entrance to the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle.

The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the RIGHT ATRIUM.

Sulfur hexafluoride. An inert gas used mainly as a test gas in respiratory physiology. Other uses include its injection in vitreoretinal surgery to restore the vitreous chamber and as a tracer in monitoring the dispersion and deposition of air pollutants.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

The veins and arteries of the HEART.

Placement of a balloon-tipped catheter into the pulmonary artery through the antecubital, subclavian, and sometimes the femoral vein. It is used to measure pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary artery wedge pressure which reflects left atrial pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. The catheter is threaded into the right atrium, the balloon is inflated and the catheter follows the blood flow through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle and out into the pulmonary artery.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Regulation of the rate of contraction of the heart muscles by an artificial pacemaker.

Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.

A technetium imaging agent used to reveal blood-starved cardiac tissue during a heart attack.

Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.

A graphic means for assessing the ability of a screening test to discriminate between healthy and diseased persons; may also be used in other studies, e.g., distinguishing stimuli responses as to a faint stimuli or nonstimuli.

Improvement of the quality of a picture by various techniques, including computer processing, digital filtering, echocardiographic techniques, light and ultrastructural MICROSCOPY, fluorescence spectrometry and microscopy, scintigraphy, and in vitro image processing at the molecular level.

A combination of congenital heart defects consisting of four key features including VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS; PULMONARY STENOSIS; RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; and a dextro-positioned AORTA. In this condition, blood from both ventricles (oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor) is pumped into the body often causing CYANOSIS.

A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer.

Radiography of the heart and great vessels after injection of a contrast medium.

Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.

A CATHETER-delivered implant used for closing abnormal holes in the cardiovascular system, especially HEART SEPTAL DEFECTS; or passageways intentionally made during cardiovascular surgical procedures.

Pathophysiological conditions of the FETUS in the UTERUS. Some fetal diseases may be treated with FETAL THERAPIES.

Motion picture study of successive images appearing on a fluoroscopic screen.

A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another.

The dilatation of the aortic wall behind each of the cusps of the aortic valve.

A congenital heart defect characterized by the persistent opening of fetal DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS that connects the PULMONARY ARTERY to the descending aorta (AORTA, DESCENDING) allowing unoxygenated blood to bypass the lung and flow to the PLACENTA. Normally, the ductus is closed shortly after birth.

An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of AORTA.

The condition of an anatomical structure's being dilated beyond normal dimensions.

The portion of the descending aorta proceeding from the arch of the aorta and extending to the DIAPHRAGM, eventually connecting to the ABDOMINAL AORTA.

Imaging of a ventricle of the heart after the injection of a radioactive contrast medium. The technique is less invasive than cardiac catheterization and is used to assess ventricular function.

Studies determining the effectiveness or value of processes, personnel, and equipment, or the material on conducting such studies. For drugs and devices, CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; DRUG EVALUATION; and DRUG EVALUATION, PRECLINICAL are available.

Unstable isotopes of thallium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Tl atoms with atomic weights 198-202, 204, and 206-210 are thallium radioisotopes.

A malformation of the heart in which the embryonic common PULMONARY VEIN was not incorporated into the LEFT ATRIUM leaving behind a perforated fibromuscular membrane bisecting the left atrium, a three-atrium heart. The opening between the two left atrium sections determines the degree of obstruction to pulmonary venous return, pulmonary venous and pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.

A benign tumor of fibrous or fully developed connective tissue.

A congenital cardiovascular malformation in which the AORTA arises entirely from the RIGHT VENTRICLE, and the PULMONARY ARTERY arises from the LEFT VENTRICLE. Consequently, the pulmonary and the systemic circulations are parallel and not sequential, so that the venous return from the peripheral circulation is re-circulated by the right ventricle via aorta to the systemic circulation without being oxygenated in the lungs. This is a potentially lethal form of heart disease in newborns and infants.

The study of the heart, its physiology, and its functions.

Blockage of an artery due to passage of a clot (THROMBUS) from a systemic vein to a systemic artery without its passing through the lung which acts as a filter to remove blood clots from entering the arterial circulation. Paradoxical embolism occurs when there is a defect that allows a clot to cross directly from the right to the left side of the heart as in the cases of ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS or open FORAMEN OVALE. Once in the arterial circulation, a clot can travel to the brain, block an artery, and cause a STROKE.

A conical fibro-serous sac surrounding the HEART and the roots of the great vessels (AORTA; VENAE CAVAE; PULMONARY ARTERY). Pericardium consists of two sacs: the outer fibrous pericardium and the inner serous pericardium. The latter consists of an outer parietal layer facing the fibrous pericardium, and an inner visceral layer (epicardium) resting next to the heart, and a pericardial cavity between these two layers.

Disease-related laceration or tearing of tissues of the heart, including the free-wall MYOCARDIUM; HEART SEPTUM; PAPILLARY MUSCLES; CHORDAE TENDINEAE; and any of the HEART VALVES. Pathological rupture usually results from myocardial infarction (HEART RUPTURE, POST-INFARCTION).

Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.

The thin membrane-like muscular structure separating the right and the left upper chambers (HEART ATRIA) of a heart.

Visualization of the heart structure and cardiac blood flow for diagnostic evaluation or to guide cardiac procedures via techniques including ENDOSCOPY (cardiac endoscopy, sometimes refered to as cardioscopy), RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; TOMOGRAPHY; or ULTRASONOGRAPHY.

Heart failure caused by abnormal myocardial relaxation during DIASTOLE leading to defective cardiac filling.

Prosthesis, usually heart valve, composed of biological material and whose durability depends upon the stability of the material after pretreatment, rather than regeneration by host cell ingrowth. Durability is achieved 1, mechanically by the interposition of a cloth, usually polytetrafluoroethylene, between the host and the graft, and 2, chemically by stabilization of the tissue by intermolecular linking, usually with glutaraldehyde, after removal of antigenic components, or the use of reconstituted and restructured biopolymers.

The restoration of blood supply to the myocardium. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

A twisting deformation of a solid body about an axis. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The period during a surgical operation.

A type of heart valve surgery that involves the repair, replacement, or reconstruction of the annulus of the MITRAL VALVE. It includes shortening the circumference of the annulus to improve valve closing capacity and reinforcing the annulus as a step in more complex valve repairs.

The innermost layer of the heart, comprised of endothelial cells.

Small encapsulated gas bubbles (diameters of micrometers) that can be used as CONTRAST MEDIA, and in other diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Upon exposure to sufficiently intense ultrasound, microbubbles will cavitate, rupture, disappear, release gas content. Such characteristics of the microbubbles can be used to enhance diagnostic tests, dissolve blood clots, and deliver drugs or genes for therapy.

Removal of tissue with electrical current delivered via electrodes positioned at the distal end of a catheter. Energy sources are commonly direct current (DC-shock) or alternating current at radiofrequencies (usually 750 kHz). The technique is used most often to ablate the AV junction and/or accessory pathways in order to interrupt AV conduction and produce AV block in the treatment of various tachyarrhythmias.

The muscular structure separating the right and the left lower chambers (HEART VENTRICLES) of the heart. The ventricular septum consists of a very small membranous portion just beneath the AORTIC VALVE, and a large thick muscular portion consisting of three sections including the inlet septum, the trabecular septum, and the outlet septum.

The measurement of visualization by radiation of any organ after a radionuclide has been injected into its blood supply. It is used to diagnose heart, liver, lung, and other diseases and to measure the function of those organs, except renography, for which RADIOISOTOPE RENOGRAPHY is available.

Systems composed of a computer or computers, peripheral equipment, such as disks, printers, and terminals, and telecommunications capabilities.

An infant during the first month after birth.

Statistical models in which the value of a parameter for a given value of a factor is assumed to be equal to a + bx, where a and b are constants. The models predict a linear regression.

Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.

Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM that is characterized by the fibrous scarring and adhesion of both serous layers, the VISCERAL PERICARDIUM and the PARIETAL PERICARDIUM leading to the loss of pericardial cavity. The thickened pericardium severely restricts cardiac filling. Clinical signs include FATIGUE, muscle wasting, and WEIGHT LOSS.

Malformations of CORONARY VESSELS, either arteries or veins. Included are anomalous origins of coronary arteries; ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA; CORONARY ANEURYSM; MYOCARDIAL BRIDGING; and others.

Water-soluble proteins found in egg whites, blood, lymph, and other tissues and fluids. They coagulate upon heating.

A transient left ventricular apical dysfunction or ballooning accompanied by electrocardiographic (ECG) T wave inversions. This abnormality is associated with high levels of CATECHOLAMINES, either administered or endogenously secreted from a tumor or during extreme stress.

Generally, restoration of blood supply to heart tissue which is ischemic due to decrease in normal blood supply. The decrease may result from any source including atherosclerotic obstruction, narrowing of the artery, or surgical clamping. Reperfusion can be induced to treat ischemia. Methods include chemical dissolution of an occluding thrombus, administration of vasodilator drugs, angioplasty, catheterization, and artery bypass graft surgery. However, it is thought that reperfusion can itself further damage the ischemic tissue, causing MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION INJURY.

A birth defect characterized by the narrowing of the AORTA that can be of varying degree and at any point from the transverse arch to the iliac bifurcation. Aortic coarctation causes arterial HYPERTENSION before the point of narrowing and arterial HYPOTENSION beyond the narrowed portion.

Backflow of blood from the PULMONARY ARTERY into the RIGHT VENTRICLE due to imperfect closure of the PULMONARY VALVE.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

The main trunk of the systemic arteries.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Radionuclide ventriculography where scintigraphic data is acquired during repeated cardiac cycles at specific times in the cycle, using an electrocardiographic synchronizer or gating device. Analysis of right ventricular function is difficult with this technique; that is best evaluated by first-pass ventriculography (VENTRICULOGRAPHY, FIRST-PASS).

Narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery.

The pathologic narrowing of the orifice of the PULMONARY VALVE. This lesion restricts blood outflow from the RIGHT VENTRICLE to the PULMONARY ARTERY. When the trileaflet valve is fused into an imperforate membrane, the blockage is complete.

Use or insertion of a tubular device into a duct, blood vessel, hollow organ, or body cavity for injecting or withdrawing fluids for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It differs from INTUBATION in that the tube here is used to restore or maintain patency in obstructions.

Difficult or labored breathing.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

Measurement of blood flow based on induction at one point of the circulation of a known change in the intravascular heat content of flowing blood and detection of the resultant change in temperature at a point downstream.

Care given during the period prior to undergoing surgery when psychological and physical preparations are made according to the special needs of the individual patient. This period spans the time between admission to the hospital to the time the surgery begins. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

The circulation of the BLOOD through the LUNGS.

The venous trunk which returns blood from the head, neck, upper extremities and chest.

Act of listening for sounds within the heart.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

A device designed to stimulate, by electric impulses, contraction of the heart muscles. It may be temporary (external) or permanent (internal or internal-external).

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

Abnormal communication most commonly seen between two internal organs, or between an internal organ and the surface of the body.

Cardiac sympathetic activity estimated by 123I-MIBG myocardial imaging in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy after beta-blocker or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy. (1/9635)

Impaired cardiac sympathetic activity can be evaluated by 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) imaging. METHODS: We studied the significance of MIBG imaging for 24 patients (age 58+/-12 y) with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We compared 12 patients (group A) treated with metoprolol (dose from 30-60 mg/d) with 12 patients treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Patients were studied before treatment, after 5 mo of treatment (only in group A) and after 1 y of treatment. Cardiac MIBG uptake was assessed as the heart-to-mediastinum activity ratio (H/M) and total defect score (TDS) from anterior planar and SPECT MIBG images, which were acquired in 4 h after tracer injection. New York Heart Association (NYHA) class and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) calculated by echocardiography were also assessed. RESULTS: TDS decreased in both groups (in group A, from 30+/-7 through 23+/-9 to 18+/-10; P < 0.01, in group B, from 30+/-6 to 24+/-8; P < 0.01) and H/M was increased in both groups (in group A, from 1.87+/-0.31 through 2.03+/-0.28 to 2.14+/-0.29; P < 0.01, in group B, from 1.82+/-0.28 to 1.94+/-0.26; P < 0.05). But TDS and H/M were more improved in group A than in group B (P < 0.05). LVEF was significantly increased in only group A (from 38+/-6 through 43+/-8 to 49%+/-9%; P < 0.01). NYHA improved in both groups (in group A, from mean 2.5 through 2.1 to 1.8; P < 0.01, in group B, from mean 2.6 to 2.1; P < 0.05) but was more improved in group A than in group B (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Cardiac function, symptom and cardiac sympathetic activity evaluated by MIBG images improved after the beta-blocker therapy more than with the treatment that used ACE inhibitors. (+info)

Sympathetic nerve alterations assessed with 123I-MIBG in the failing human heart. (2/9635)

Norepinephrine (NE) reuptake function is impaired in heart failure and this may participate in myocyte hyperstimulation by the neurotransmitter. This alteration can be assessed by 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy. METHODS: To determine whether the impairment of neuronal NE reuptake was reversible after metoprolol therapy, we studied 18 patients (43+/-7 y) with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy who were stabilized at least for 3 mo with captopril and diuretics. Patients underwent, before and after 6 mo of therapy with metoprolol, measurements of radionuclide left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), maximal oxygen consumption and plasma NE concentration. The cardiac adrenergic innervation function was scintigraphically assessed with MIBG uptake and release measurements on the planar images obtained 20 min and 4 h after tracer injection. To evaluate whether metoprolol had a direct interaction with cardiac MIBG uptake and release, six normal subjects were studied before and after a 1-mo metoprolol intake. RESULTS: In controls, neither cardiac MIBG uptake and release nor circulating NE concentration changed after the 1-mo metoprolol intake. Conversely, after a 6-mo therapy with metoprolol, patients showed increased cardiac MIBG uptake (129%+/-10% versus 138%+/-17%; P = 0.009), unchanged cardiac MIBG release and decreased plasma NE concentration (0.930+/-412 versus 0.721+/-0.370 ng/mL; P = 0.02). In parallel, patients showed improved New York Heart Association class (2.44+/-0.51 versus 2.05+/-0.23; P = 0.004) and increased LVEF (20%+/-8% versus 27%+/-8%; P = 0.0005), whereas maximal oxygen uptake remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: Thus, a parallel improvement of myocardial NE reuptake and of hemodynamics was observed after a 6-mo metoprolol therapy, suggesting that such agents may be beneficial in heart failure by directly protecting the myocardium against excessive NE stimulation. (+info)

Effect of coronary occlusion on left ventricular function with and without collateral supply during beating heart coronary artery surgery. (3/9635)

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of coronary occlusion and collateral supply on left ventricular (LV) function during beating heart coronary artery surgery. DESIGN: Prospective intraoperative study, performed at baseline, during wall stabilisation, coronary artery occlusion, and 2 and 10 minutes after reperfusion. Transoesophageal M mode echocardiograms, simultaneous high fidelity LV pressure, and thermodilution cardiac output were measured. LV anterior wall thickening, thinning velocities, thickening fraction, regional work, and power production were derived. Asynchrony during the isovolumic periods was quantified as cycle efficiency. SETTING: Tertiary referral cardiac centre. PATIENTS: 14 patients with stable angina, mean (SD) age 62 (7) years, undergoing left anterior descending artery grafting using the "Octopus" device. RESULTS: Collaterals were absent in nine patients and present in five. Epicardial stabilisation did not affect LV function. Results are expressed as mean (SD). Coronary occlusion (15.6 (2) minutes) depressed anterior wall thickening (1.4 (0.6) v 2.6 (0.6) cm/s) and thinning velocities (1.4 (0.5) v 3.0 (0.6) cm/s), regional work (2.2 (0.8) v 4.6 (0.6) mJ/cm2), and power (21 (4) v 33 (5) mW/cm2) in patients without collaterals (p < 0.05 for all), but only wall thinning (3.5 (0.5) v 4.8 (0.5) cm/s, p < 0.05) in patients with collaterals. All returned to baseline within 10 minutes of reperfusion. Cycle efficiency and regional work were impaired at baseline and fell during occlusion, regardless of collaterals. Within 10 minutes of reperfusion both had increased above baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Coronary occlusion for up to 15 minutes during beating heart coronary artery surgery depressed standard measurements of systolic and diastolic anterior wall function in patients without collaterals, but only those of diastolic function in patients with collaterals. Regional synchrony decreased in both groups. All disturbances regressed within 10 minutes of reperfusion. (+info)

Peri-operative changes in echocardiographic measurements and plasma atrial and brain natriuretic peptide concentrations in 3 dogs with patent ductus arteriosus. (4/9635)

Peri-operative changes in echocardiographic measurements and plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were investigated for 1 month in 3 dogs with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Post-operative left ventricular end-diastolic dimention and fractional shortening decreased in all cases. Pre-operatively increased plasma ANP concentrations reduced dramatically after the operation. Peri-operative changes in plasma BNP levels had slightly S-shaped curves in all cases. These observations suggest that post-operative responsiveness of ANP and cardiac function are rapid in comparison with cardiac morphological changes, and BNP has a different pathophysiological significance from ANP in dogs with PDA. (+info)

Hemodialysis with high-calcium dialysate impairs cardiac relaxation. (5/9635)

BACKGROUND: During hemodialysis (HD), serum ionized calcium is directly related to the dialysate calcium concentration. We have recently shown an acute induction of hypercalcemia to impair left ventricular (LV) relaxation. In the current study we sought to establish whether changes in serum Ca++ also affect LV function during HD. METHODS: We echocardiographically examined the LV relaxation and systolic function of 12 patients with end-stage renal disease before and after three HD treatments with dialysate Ca++ concentrations of 1.25 mmol/liter (dCa++1.25), 1.5 mmol/liter (dCa++1.50), and 1.75 mmol/liter (dCa++1.75), respectively. Age- and sex-matched healthy controls were also examined echocardiographically. RESULTS: The LV posterior wall thickness and the interventricular septum thickness, and the LV end-diastolic dimension and the end-systolic dimensions were significantly greater in the patients when compared with the controls, and the LV fractional shortening, the ratio of peak early to peak late diastolic velocities (E/Amax), and the isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) showed impairment of LV relaxation and systolic function in the patients. Serum ionized calcium increased significantly during the dCa++1.5 HD (1.24 +/- 0.10 vs. 1.34 +/- 0.06 mmol/liter, P = 0. 004) and dCa++1.75 HD (1.19 +/- 0.10 vs. 1.47 +/- 0.06 mmol/liter, P = 0.002), and plasma intact parathyroid hormone decreased significantly during the dCa++1.75 HD (medians 8.2 vs. 2.7 pmol/liter, P = 0.002). LV systolic function was not altered during any of the treatments. The changes in E/Amax and IVRT suggested impairment of relaxation during all sessions, but only during the dCa++1.75 HD was the impairment statistically significant (E/Amax 1. 153 +/- 0.437 vs. 0.943 +/- 0.352, P < 0.05; IVRT 147 +/- 29 vs. 175 +/- 50 msecond, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: HD with high-calcium (dCa++1. 75 mmol/liter) dialysate impairs LV relaxation when compared with lower calcium dialysate (dCa++1.25 and dCa++1.5 mmol/liter) treatments. (+info)

Studies on structural changes of the carotid arteries and the heart in asymptomatic renal transplant recipients. (6/9635)

BACKGROUND: The present study was designed to characterize early structural changes of large arteries in renal transplant recipients with no clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease and normal blood pressure values, and to analyse the relationship between arterial alterations and those of the heart. METHODS: Intima media thickness and atherosclerotic plaques of the carotid arteries as well as left ventricular geometry and function were examined in 35 asymtomatic renal transplant recipients and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls by high resolution B-mode ultrasound and by echocardiography. RESULTS: Intima-media thickness of the carotid arteries was significantly higher in renal transplant recipients (1.21+/-0.08 mm) than in healthy controls (0.74+/-0.04 mm) (P<0.001). Atherosclerotic plaques were found in the majority of renal transplant recipients (71% vs 14% in healthy controls, P<0.001). Left ventricular mass index was significantly increased in the group of renal transplant recipients (264+/-13 g, 146+/-7 g/m2) when compared with healthy controls (155+/-8 g, 83+/-4 g/m2) (P<0.001). Multiple regression analysis in renal transplant recipients showed that intima media thickness of the carotid arteries was significantly related to left ventricular mass index (P<0.02), but not to age, blood pressure, body mass index, serum creatinine, cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) levels. In the group of healthy controls, intima-media thickness of the carotid artery was related to age (P<0.002), but not to left ventricular mass index or the other independent variables. CONCLUSIONS: The present study documents pronounced intima-media thickening in asymptomatic renal transplant recipients. Atherosclerotic lesions are present in most renal transplant recipients with no clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease. We observed a parallelism between arterial wall thickening and left ventricular hypertrophy, although blood pressure levels were normal during haemodialysis therapy and after renal transplantation. (+info)

Regulation of myocardial blood flow by oxygen consumption is maintained in the failing heart during exercise. (7/9635)

The hemodynamic abnormalities and neurohumoral activation that accompany congestive heart failure (CHF) might be expected to impair the increase in coronary blood flow that occurs during exercise. This study was performed to determine the effects of CHF on myocardial oxygen consumption and coronary blood flow during exercise. Coronary blood flow was measured in chronically instrumented dogs at rest, during 2 stages of graded treadmill exercise under control conditions (n=10), and after the development of CHF produced by 3 weeks of rapid ventricular pacing (n=9). In the normal dogs, coronary blood flow increased during exercise in proportion to the increase in the heart rate x the left ventricular systolic blood pressure product (RPP). After the development of CHF, resting myocardial blood flow was 25% lower than normal (P<0.05). Myocardial blood flow increased during the first stage of exercise, but then failed to increase further during the second stage of exercise despite an additional increase in the RPP. Myocardial oxygen consumption during exercise was significantly lower in animals with CHF and paralleled coronary flow. Despite the lower values for coronary blood flow in animals with CHF, there was no evidence for myocardial ischemia. Thus, even during the second level of exercise when coronary flow failed to increase, myocardial lactate consumption continued and coronary venous pH did not fall. In addition, the failure of coronary flow to increase as the exercise level was increased from stage 1 to stage 2 was not associated with a further increase in myocardial oxygen extraction. Thus, cardiac failure was associated with decreased myocardial oxygen consumption and failure of oxygen consumption to increase with an increase in the level of exercise. This abnormality did not appear to result from inadequate oxygen availability, but more likely represented a reduction of myocardial oxygen usage with a secondary decrease in metabolic coronary vasodilation. (+info)

Increased renal resistive index in patients with essential hypertension: a marker of target organ damage. (8/9635)

BACKGROUND: Increased renal resistance detected by ultrasound (US) Doppler has been reported in severe essential hypertension (EH) and recently was shown to correlate with the degree of renal impairment in hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure. However, the pathophysiological significance of this finding is still controversial. METHODS: In a group of 211 untreated patients with EH, we evaluated renal resistive index (RI) by US Doppler of interlobar arteries and early signs of target organ damage (TOD). Albuminuria was measured as the albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) in three non-consecutive first morning urine samples. Left ventricular mass was evaluated by M-B mode echocardiography, and carotid wall thickness (IMT) by high resolution US scan. RESULTS: RI was positively correlated with age (r=0.25, P=0.003) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (r=0.2, P=0.02) and with signs of early TOD, namely ACR (r=0.22, P=0.01) and IMT (r=0.17, P<0.05), and inversely correlated with renal volume (r=-0.22, P=0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (r=-0.23, P=0.006). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that age, gender, ACR and SBP independently influence RI and together account for approximately 20% of its variations (F=8.153, P<0.0001). When clinical data were analysed according to the degree of RI, the patients in the top quartile were found to be older (P<0.05) and with higher SBP (P<0.05) as well as early signs of TOD, namely increased ACR (P<0.002) and IMT (P<0.005 by ANOVA), despite similar body mass index, uric acid, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile and duration of hypertension. Furthermore, patients with higher RI showed a significantly higher prevalence of microalbuminuria (13 vs 12 vs 3 vs 33% chi2=11.72, P=0.008) and left ventricular hypertrophy (40 vs 43 vs 32 vs 60%, chi2=9.25, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased RI is associated with early signs of TOD in EH and could be a marker of intrarenal atherosclerosis. (+info)

Three-dimensional echocardiography (also known as four-dimensional echocardiography when the picture is moving) is now possible ... Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is specialized form of echocardiography that uses catheters to insert the ultrasound probe ... Echocardiography was also the first ultrasound subspecialty to use intravenous contrast. Echocardiography is performed by ... These modes are common to all types of echocardiography. Amplitude mode is not a mode used in modern echocardiography. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echocardiography

... , or Fetal echocardiogram, is the name of the test used to diagnose cardiac conditions in the fetal stage ... The critical role of echocardiography in prenatal diagnosis is evident, and both the accuracy and safety of the test are now ... To improve detection, some propose universal fetal echocardiography. But others cite cost and lack of specialized personnel as ... Davey BT, Seubert DE, Phoon CK (Jun 2009). "Indications for fetal echocardiography high referral, low yield?". Obstet Gynecol ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetal_echocardiography

Basic ultrasound, echocardiography and Doppler for clinicians Echocardiography Textbook by Bonita Anderson Echocardiography ( ... Medical ultrasonography section: Doppler sonography Echocardiography American Society of Echocardiography Christian Doppler " ... Doppler echocardiography is a procedure that uses Doppler ultrasonography to examine the heart. An echocardiogram uses high ... An advantage of Doppler echocardiography is that it can be used to measure blood flow within the heart without invasive ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_echocardiography

... (TDE) is a medical ultrasound technology, specifically a form of echocardiography that measures ... The technique is the same as for flow Doppler echocardiography measuring flow velocities. Tissue signals, however, have higher ... are usually synonymous with TDE because echocardiography is the main use of tissue Doppler. Like Doppler flow, tissue Doppler ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_Doppler_echocardiography

In the fields of cardiology and medical imaging, speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) is an echocardiographic imaging ... Role of tissue Doppler and strain echocardiography in current clinical practice. Circulation 2007;116: 2597-609. D'Hooge J, ... Comparison of two-dimensional speckle and tissue Doppler strain measurement during dobutamine stress echocardiography: an ... New noninvasive method for assessment of left ventricular rotation: speckle tracking echocardiography. Circulation. 2005 Nov 15 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speckle_tracking_echocardiography

... (or FATE) is a type of transthoracic echocardiogram, or sonogram of the heart, ... These are all variations of the original theme [1]. Echocardiography "fate protocol" or "focus assessed transthoracic ... echocardiography" - Search Results - PubMed Official FATE protocol website with downloadable FATE card (Articles needing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focus_assessed_transthoracic_echocardiography

A mobile app developed by ASE called iASE has been rated as one of the top echocardiography apps ASE joined Choosing Wisely in ... "American Society of Echocardiography and Guidelines". pubmed.gov. Retrieved 21 February 2015. "Saving the heart after cancer ... The American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) is a professional organization of physicians, cardiac sonographers, nurses and ... "Choosing Wisely - American Society of Echocardiography". Choosing Wisely. Retrieved 21 February 2015. v t e (Articles needing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Society_of_Echocardiography

Echocardiography uses ultrasound to create real-time anatomic images of the heart and its structures. Doppler echocardiography ... Echocardiography Textbook by Bonita Anderson Echocardiography (Ultrasound of the heart) Doppler Examination - Introduction The ... Medical ultrasonography section: Doppler sonography Echocardiography American Society of Echocardiography Christian Doppler Oh ... Numerical manipulation of Doppler parameters obtain during routine Echocardiography has been extensively utilized to non- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_modeling_in_echocardiography

SCHNEIDER, MICHEL (1999). "Characteristics of SonoVue™". Echocardiography. Wiley. 16 (s1): 743-746. doi:10.1111/j.1540- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasonic_transducer

Diagnosis can occur prenatally via ultrasound or shortly after birth via echocardiography. Initial management is geared to ... Hypoplastic left heart syndrome can be diagnosed prenatally or after birth via echocardiography. Typical findings include a ... Echocardiography. 34 (12): 1834-1841. doi:10.1111/echo.13667. ISSN 1540-8175. PMID 29287139. S2CID 12087225. Tchervenkov, C. I ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoplastic_left_heart_syndrome

Uses include: Doppler echocardiography is the use of Doppler ultrasonography to examine the heart. An echocardiogram can, ... This contrast medical imaging modality is used throughout the world, for echocardiography in particular in the United States ... Page 161 (part II > Two-dimensional Echocardiography) in: Reves, J. G.; Estafanous, Fawzy G.; Barash, Paul G. (2001). Cardiac ... Other clinical applications using contrast exist, as in echocardiography to improve delineation of left ventricle for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_ultrasound

Echocardiography. 37 (8): 1321-1322. doi:10.1111/echo.14790. ISSN 0742-2822. PMC 7404830. PMID 32654172. Group, The Severe ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Blasi

Echocardiography. 21 (8): 673-9. doi:10.1111/j.0742-2822.2004.03174.x. PMID 15546367. Table 30-1 in: Trudie A Goers; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_wedge_pressure

Echocardiography. 25 (5): 526-8. doi:10.1111/j.1540-8175.2007.00617.x. PMID 18177380. S2CID 39607363. Matsumoto N, Sato Y, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papillary_fibroelastoma

... confirmation by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography". Echocardiography. 20 (3): 283-7. doi:10.1046/j.1540-8175.2003 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methysergide

Perhaps the first common bedrock measurement method was echocardiography, although cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ... Armstrong WF, Ryan T, Feigenbaum H (2010). Feigenbaum's Echocardiography. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-7817-9557-9 ... "4.00-Cardiovascular-Adult". Armstrong WF, Ryan T (2012-02-03). Feigenbaum's Echocardiography. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p ... Echocardiography. 31 (1): 87-100. doi:10.1111/echo.12331. PMC 4231568. PMID 24786629. Asferg C, Usinger L, Kristensen TS, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejection_fraction

Echocardiography. 23 (6): 503-5. doi:10.1111/j.1540-8175.2006.00249.x. PMID 16839390. S2CID 12418775. Strahilevitz, J; Rahav, G ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phialemonium_curvatum

In severe cases, echocardiography is performed every 3-6 months. In both moderate and mild cases, the person should immediately ... In moderate cases echocardiography is performed every 1-2 years to monitor the progression, possibly complemented with a ... doi:10.1111/anec.12457 "Senile aortic stenosis". Yale atlas of echocardiography. 1999. Archived from the original on November ... Echocardiography. 28 (1): 1-7. doi:10.1111/j.1540-8175.2010.01256.x. PMID 20678125. S2CID 205746869. Nathaniel S, Saligram S, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortic_stenosis

Echocardiography can also help to detect congenital heart disease as a cause of pulmonary hypertension. 4-month-old with ... Thus, Doppler echocardiography can suggest the presence of pulmonary hypertension, but right heart catheterization (described ... January 2013). "Echocardiography in pulmonary arterial hypertension: from diagnosis to prognosis". Journal of the American ... If pulmonary hypertension is suspected based on the above assessments, echocardiography is performed as the next step. A meta- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_hypertension

From 2002 to 2004, Pinto served as president and founder of the European Association of Echocardiography. From 2008 to 2010, he ... He was then worked as a clinician the Echocardiography laboratory and underwent a fellowship in Interventional Cardiology at ... Echocardiography; Heart failure and Diastology and Hypertension.[citation needed] His main positions are Full Professor of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fausto_J_Pinto

Stoddard, M. F. (2000). "Risk of thromboembolism in acute atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter". Echocardiography. 17 (4): 393 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_flutter

Echocardiography. 20 (1): 71-3. doi:10.1046/j.1540-8175.2003.00010.x. PMID 12848701. S2CID 26572152. Nash, Ira S. (October 2002 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ira_S._Nash

Echocardiography is used to diagnose this condition. Other pathologies of the truncus arteriosus include transposition of the ... ISBN 978-0-07-163340-6. "Truncus Arteriosus , Pediatric Echocardiography". "Truncus Arteriosus Imaging: Overview, Radiography, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncus_arteriosus

Echocardiography can be conducted by a probe on the chest (transthoracic), or by a probe in the esophagus (transesophageal). A ... Several imaging methods can be used to assess the anatomy and function of the heart, including ultrasound (echocardiography), ... Armstrong, William F.; Ryan, Thomas; Feigenbaum, Harvey (2010). Feigenbaum's Echocardiography. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ... typical echocardiography report will include information about the width of the valves noting any stenosis, whether there is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart

If a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is suspected, an examination by echocardiography may be performed to diagnose the defect. In ... Shah SN (20 November 2016). Ali YS (ed.). "Imaging Studies - Echocardiography". Patent Foramen Ovale Workup. Medscape. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_embolism

Speckle tracking echocardiography is based on grey scale echocardiography (B-mode), and the fact that the reflected echo from ... Echocardiography 1998,15(8 part 2):S40. Abstract. Urheim S, Edvardsen T, Torp H, Angelsen B, Smiseth OA. Myocardial strain by ... It has been shown to be at least as accurate as B-mode echocardiography. Deformation imaging has also been shown to be useful ... In stress echocardiography (see Cardiac stress test), the regional dysfunction due to ischemia will become evident when the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strain_rate_imaging

... e-echocardiography.com. Retrieved 2018-03-30. Richard Van Pragh: Cardiac anatomy in A. C. Chang et al.: Pediatric Cardiac ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricuspid_valve

American Society of Echocardiography; American Psychosomatic Society; European Association of Echocardiography Iuliu Hatieganu ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laura_Poantă

American Society of Echocardiography. 2021 Edition: 3, 4. "The Basics". American Society of Echocardiography. Retrieved 17 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfluorocarbon_emulsions

Cardiac stress tests, including stress echocardiography and nuclear stress tests, are used to detect a block in blood flow to ... Echocardiography; American Society of Nuclear, Cardiology; North American Society for Cardiovascular, Imaging; Society for ... the American Society of Echocardiography, the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, the North American Society for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overscreening

Fetal echocardiography is a test that uses sound waves (ultrasound) to evaluate the babys heart for problems before birth. ... Fetal echocardiography is a test that is done while the baby is still in the womb. It is most often done during the second ... Fetal echocardiography is a test that uses sound waves (ultrasound) to evaluate the babys heart for problems before birth. ... Some heart defects cannot be seen before birth, even with fetal echocardiography. These include small holes in the heart or ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007340.htm

Echocardiography. Bedside echocardiography may rapidly identify reversible cardiac problems (eg, cardiac tamponade, tension ... Echocardiography also identifies patients with weak cardiac contractions who have pseudo-PEA. This group of patients is more ... Steiger HV, Rimbach K, Muller E, Breitkreutz R. Focused emergency echocardiography: lifesaving tool for a 14-year-old girl ... Echocardiography is also invaluable in identifying right ventricular enlargement, pulmonary hypertension suggestive of ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/161080-121336/what-is-included-in-the-workup-of-pulseless-electrical-activity-pea

Echocardiography. Echocardiography is the most important diagnostic tool to evaluate patients with mitral stenosis (MS). This ... Transesophageal echocardiography. Transesophageal echocardiography is used when transthoracic echocardiographic pictures are ... Insights from three-dimensional echocardiography. Echocardiography. 2018 Mar. 35(3):417-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ... Echocardiography provides the following:. * Direct anatomic data, such as visualization of valve leaflet morphology and ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/897204-workup

Fetal echocardiography is a diagnostic test that checks the hearts of unborn babies. Learn about the process and testing ... Fetal echocardiography is a type of imaging study that allows doctors to view the heart of an unborn baby before birth. ... Fetal echocardiography means the use of ultrasound to look at the structures and function of the heart. ...

https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/patients/child/encyclopedia/diagnostic/echo/fetal

... Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2007;20(2):135-40. doi: ... In patients with PH echocardiography provides information about right heart dimensions, pulmonary artery pressures, right ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16753319/

Use our Seat Availability Tool to quickly check for appointment availability at the location of your choice. Note: you dont need a Scheduling Number to use this tool, however you cannot use this tool to schedule your exam appointment. To schedule, please click "Schedule" in the left-hand menu of this page, or click the X button at the bottom of the screen after you have reviewed available appointments. ...

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... : evidence-based recommendations by European Association of Echocardiography. Senior R, Becher H, ... An echocardiographic multicenter comparison study using myocardial contrast echocardiography and 2D echocardiography.. Hoffmann ... using echocardiography made jointly by the American Society of Echocardiography and European Association of Echocardiography.. ... Myocardial contrast echocardiography: a 25-year retrospective.. Kaul S, FESC.. Comment:. A 25-year retrospective review on MCE ...

https://www.escardio.org/Guidelines/Recommended-Reading/Cardiovascular-Imaging/Echocardiography/Contrast-Echocardiography

A nosocomial outbreak of Legionella pneumophila caused by contaminated transesophageal echocardiography probes. Infect Control ... cultures were related to use of ultrasound transmission gel from a single manufacturer during transesophageal echocardiography ... aeruginosa Respiratory Tract Infections Associated with Contaminated Ultrasound Gel Used for Transesophageal Echocardiography ...

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This course is designed to give the veterinary practitioner a basic understanding of small animal echocardiography. Major ...

http://www.allconferences.com/conferences/2003/20030424092148

Our requirements are stated in our rapid response terms and conditions and must be read. These include ensuring that: i) you do not include any illustrative content including tables and graphs, ii) you do not include any information that includes specifics about any patients,iii) you do not include any original data, unless it has already been published in a peer reviewed journal and you have included a reference, iv) your response is lawful, not defamatory, original and accurate, v) you declare any competing interests, vi) you understand that your name and other personal details set out in our rapid response terms and conditions will be published with any responses we publish and vii) you understand that once a response is published, we may continue to publish your response and/or edit or remove it in the future ...

https://heart.bmj.com/content/82/4/534.3.responses

Echocardiography. Program Outcomes. Years. (2018, 2019, 2020). Graduates Benchmark , 70% retention (3-year average). ...

https://www.augustatech.edu/echocardiography.cms?contentType=textonly

... echocardiography continues to be a key in diagnosing heart conditions. Providers are wondering ... Echocardiography 2013. 2D or Not 2D? March 22, 2013 , Read Time: 4 minutes ... With cost pressures and radiography dose concerns growing, echocardiography continues to be a key in diagnosing heart ...

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Echocardiography in cardiac arrest: strengths and limitations : European Journal of Emergency Medicine. ... Echocardiography in cardiac arrest: strengths and limitations European Journal of Emergency Medicine29(6):458-459, December ... Echocardiography in cardiac arrest: strengths and limitations. Lazzeri, Chiara; Bonizzoli, Manuela; Peris, Adriano ...

https://journals.lww.com/euro-emergencymed/Citation/2022/12000/Echocardiography_in_cardiac_arrest__strengths_and.15.aspx

The Echocardiography (Echo) Core Lab at Mayo Clinic offers third-party interpretation of echocardiographic studies for clinical ... Echocardiography (Echo) Core Lab. The Echocardiography (Echo) Core Lab is a core laboratory of the Cardiovascular Research ... the Echo Core Lab provides echocardiography measurements for clinical investigations and trials that use echocardiography for ...

https://www.mayo.edu/research/centers-programs/cardiovascular-research-center/core-laboratories/echo-core-lab

Accurate, comprehensive quantification of regional left ventricular (LV) deformation is crucial for detection, risk stratification, and management of patients

https://medicine.yale.edu/bioimaging/research/programs/lvstrain/

Echocardiography allowed a better understanding of dynamic anatomy of the newborn dog, which was previously studied in others ... Echocardiography is an appropriate method for non-invasive serial evaluations of changes of the growing cardiac chamber ...

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cine study or stress echocardiography.. • Cet article propose une façon structurée de lire un. Follow-up echocardiography could ... American Society of Echocardiography Committee on Standards,. who receive these documents (Table 1). Echocardiography ... MAIN MESSAGE Transthoracic echocardiography is a basic tool for diagnosis and follow-up of heart. disease. Items of interest in ... thoracic echocardiography are implicit, but techni-. ple, if a laboratory is asked to rule out cardiac embolism. cians might ...

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The poster outlines the use of echocardiography in the assessment of HCM, including but not limited to:. *Evaluating LV ... American Society of Echocardiography. The Society for Cardiovascular Ultrasound Professionals. 2530 Meridian Parkway, Suite 450 ... Download Your Copy of The Role of Echocardiography in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Poster. This professionally illustrated 16″ x ...

https://www.asecho.org/download-your-copy-of-the-role-of-echocardiography-in-hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy-poster/

Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is one of the main diagnostic tools of contemporary cardiology. It can provide high ...

https://www.3bscientific.com/dk/transesophageal-echocardiography-tee,pg_1570.html

Find a location with Echocardiography (ECHO) Lab Services at UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. ... Locations for Echocardiography (ECHO) Lab Services. ECHO Lab Services at UPMC Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh offers services ...

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Sheetal Patel explains the role prenatal echocardiography plays in diagnosing CHD and the benefit of early diagnosis. ... When Is Fetal Echocardiography Necessary?. Not every expectant mother needs to have a fetal echocardiogram. However, if the ... Because of limitations with fetal echocardiography, it may not detect minor cardiac valve abnormalities, small holes between ... explains the role prenatal echocardiography plays in diagnosing CHD and the benefit of early diagnosis. ...

https://www.luriechildrens.org/en/blog/a-guide-to-fetal-echocardiography/

... - Virtual Conference provides the most comprehensive review with topics based on current ... ARDMS exam content outlines for successfully completing the adult echocardiography certification exam. ... ADULT ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY. ANESTHESIOLOGY. EMERGENCY/CRITICAL CARE. MUSCULOSKELETAL. OB/GYN & BREAST. PEDIATRIC. PHYSICS. REGISTRY ... Master Level Adult Echocardiography Registry Review Faculty. *The GCUS PASS Guarantee Offers All Course Participants Access to ...

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https://adc.bmj.com/content/87/2/171.1.citation-tools

Consultant cardiologist and the first clinical lead for echocardiography at Harefield Hospital ... Echocardiography in the 21st century. Echocardiography does not use ionising radiation, so it is extremely safe for patients to ... Echocardiography is the name given to ultrasound examination of the heart. As we all know, we cannot do better than to mimic ... Before echocardiography. When the NHS was established 70 years ago there was no imaging technology which could give you a ...

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Rapid, Repeatable Echocardiography for Small to Larger Animals Ultra-high frequency (UHF) ultrasound provides superior ... Perform reliable echocardiography in mice and other small animals for translational cardiovascular research with in vivo ... Toward standardization of echocardiography for the evaluation of left ventricular function in adult rodents: a position paper ... Quantify ejection fraction and fractional shortening with more accuracy than traditional echocardiography, and faster than ...

https://www.visualsonics.com/application/preclinical/cardiology?body_value=&combine=&custom=yes&field_application_tid=3&field_resource_type_tid=All&shs_term_node_tid_depth=11&title=

The Fetal Echocardiography Live Webinar had a total of 59 attendees and 63 Zoom registrations. Out of that total, 18 were WCUI ... CME Webinar Recap: Fetal Echocardiography. WCUIs CME Division wrapped up an active 2020 year with a virtual webinar on Fetal ... Echocardiography: Beyond the 4-Chamber View. During the 2-hour webinar, speakers Jason Grabham RDCS, FASE, Externship Director ...

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Get exceptional Echocardiography services from highly experienced & loving pet care professionals in Anderson, IN. Visit VCA ... The power of echocardiography is the ability to look inside the heart at various structures. Wall thickness can be measured, ... Our hospital offers echocardiography as one of our many cardiology services. An echocardiogram is an ultrasound (sonogram) exam ...

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Color M-mode echocardiography-derived propagation velocity of descending aorta decreases with aging Mehmet Yaman,1,2 Uğur ... Color M-mode echocardiography-derived propagation velocity of descending aorta decreases with aging. ...

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... an Assistant Professor in the Department of Anesthesiology who also specializes in Perioperative Medicine and Echocardiography ... National Board of Echocardiography (Adult Comprehensive Echocardiography). National Board of Echocardiography (Perioperative ... National Board of Echocardiography (Adult Comprehensive Echocardiography). National Board of Echocardiography (Perioperative ... She is board certified in Comprehensive Perioperative Echocardiography (ASCeXAM). Her clinical interests include point-of-care ...

https://healthcare.utah.edu/fad/mddetail.php?physicianID=u6007145

Advanced Application of contrast-enhanced echocardiography. Summary. More about Professor Kazuaki Negishi Contact research ... This PhD program involves multi-modality cardiovascular imaging techniques, such as echocardiography (TTE), and Cardiac MRI in ... This PhD project aims to advance the clinical application of contrast echocardiography, especially focusing on microcirculation ...

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Transesophageal echocardiography is used when transthoracic echocardiographic pictures are inadequate. (medscape.com)
OBJECTIVE To help referring physicians extract clinically useful information from transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) reports, highlighting current practice and innovations that are reflected with increasing frequency in reports issued by echocardiac laboratories. (scribd.com)
MAIN MESSAGE Transthoracic echocardiography is a basic tool for diagnosis and follow-up of heart disease. (scribd.com)
The Hospital is reaccredited in the areas of Adult Transthoracic, the most common type of echocardiogram, which is a still or moving image of the internal parts of the heart using ultrasound and for Adult Stress Echocardiography. (evanhospital.com)
Preoperative transthoracic echocardiography indicated the peak pressure gradient of a left-to-right PDA shunt as 14 mmHg. (springer.com)
Transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography are increasingly used as tools to improve clinical assessment following cardiac surgery. (monash.edu)
However, most physicians are not trained in echocardiography, and there is no widespread agreement on the feasibility, indications or effect on outcome of transthoracic or transoesophageal echocardiography for patients after cardiac surgery. (monash.edu)
We performed a systematic review of electronic databases for focused transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography after cardiac surgery which revealed 15 full-text articles. (monash.edu)
We conclude that both transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography are useful following cardiac surgery. (monash.edu)
During our transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) courses, medical students showed difficulty in spatial orientation. (biomedcentral.com)
Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is an essential clinical skill which is a routine part of cardiac surgery and cardiology resident training. (biomedcentral.com)
FE and postnatal transthoracic echocardiography were done. (springeropen.com)
A transthoracic echocardiography upon his presentation at the ER reveals abundant circumferential pericardial effusion of 20-mm thickness, normal left ventricular ejection fraction, and pre-tamponade signs. (medpagetoday.com)
0.0001) than transthoracic echocardiography. (bvsalud.org)

170 patients underwent MCE during dobutamine stress echocardiography prior to coronary angiography. (escardio.org)
The aim of the study was to assess the ability of dobutamine stress echocardiography to detect myocardial viability and ischemia in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with thrombolysis and to correlate the acute response to dobutamine with late spontaneous functional recovery at follow-up. (elsevier.com)
Forty-two consecutive patients with myocardial infarction treated with thrombolysis underwent low- (5 and 10 mcg/kg/min) and high-dose (20 to 40 mcg/kg/min) dobutamine stress echocardiography at a mean of 7 ± 3 days of the acute phase. (elsevier.com)
Describe the roles of transesophageal echocardiography, stress echocardiography, 3-Dimensional echocardiography and contrast echocardiography in clinical practice. (baptisthealth.net)
Interpretation of dobutamine stress echocardiography is observer-dependent and requires experience. (elsevier.com)
This study was performed to evaluate whether these new imaging modalities would improve endocardial visualization and enhance accuracy and efficiency of the inexperienced reader interpreting dobutamine stress echocardiography. (elsevier.com)
Methods and Results: Twenty-nine consecutive patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease underwent dobutamine stress echocardiography. (elsevier.com)
Conclusion: Harmonic imaging with contrast significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of the novice dobutamine stress echocardiography reader. (elsevier.com)

Investigation by BHS staff members found that all of these positive cultures were related to use of ultrasound transmission gel from a single manufacturer during transesophageal echocardiography. (cdc.gov)
Multi-View 3D Transesophageal Echocardiography Registration and Volume" by Patrick Carnahan, John Moore et al. (uwo.ca)
For procedures targeting the mitral valve, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is the primary imaging modality used as it provides clear 3D images of the valve and surrounding tissues. (uwo.ca)
The use of transesophageal echocardiography to evaluate the effectiveness of patent ductus arteriosus ligation. (springer.com)
Detection of residual flow by transesophageal echocardiography during video-assisted thoracoscopic patent ductus arteriosus interruption. (springer.com)
New diagnostic techniques (transesophageal echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging) have allowed clinicians to better characterize well-established sources of embolism and to discover other potential etiologies of cardioembolic stroke (see the following image). (medscape.com)

Fetal echocardiography is a test that uses sound waves ( ultrasound ) to evaluate the baby's heart for problems before birth. (medlineplus.gov)
Fetal echocardiography means the use of ultrasound to look at the structures and function of the heart. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
Additionally, all participants receive a BONUS 5 DAY UNLIMITED ACCESS to the Adult Echocardiography Registry Review Online Course (Only offered by Gulfcoast Ultrasound Institute). (gcus.com)
Echocardiography is the name given to ultrasound examination of the heart. (rbht.nhs.uk)
Her clinical interests include point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) diagnostics, perioperative optimization, minimally invasive echocardiography guided procedures, quality improvement and health equity. (utah.edu)
In partnership with the ASE Critical Care Echocardiography Council , the recipients (critical care ultrasound physician student or sonographer) will receive a $1,000 travel stipend from the ASE Foundation to support their attendance at the 34th Annual ASE Scientific Sessions, June 23 - 26, 2023. (asefoundation.org)

Fetal echocardiography is a test that is done while the baby is still in the womb. (medlineplus.gov)
Some heart defects cannot be seen before birth, even with fetal echocardiography. (medlineplus.gov)
Hagen-Ansert SL, Guthrie J. Fetal echocardiography: congenital heart disease. (medlineplus.gov)
Fetal echocardiography is a type of imaging study that allows doctors to view the heart of an unborn baby before birth. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
Dr. Sheetal Patel , Director of Lurie Children's Fetal Cardiology Program and Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, explains the role prenatal echocardiography plays in diagnosing CHD and the benefit of early diagnosis. (luriechildrens.org)
WCUI's CME Division wrapped up an active 2020 year with a virtual webinar on Fetal Echocardiography: Beyond the 4-Chamber View . (wcui.edu)
The Fetal Echocardiography Live Webinar had a total of 59 attendees and 63 Zoom registrations. (wcui.edu)
To promote this mission, the AIUM is pleased to publish in conjunction with the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM), and the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) this AIUM Practice Guideline for the Performance of Fetal Echocardiography. (elsevier.com)
We aimed to evaluate the role of fetal echocardiography (FE) as a diagnostic tool for early detection and proper management of fetal cardiac abnormalities, study the indications of referral and detect the perinatal outcome in our institution. (springeropen.com)
Maternal psychological impact of fetal echocardiography. (bvsalud.org)
Congenital left atrial appendage aneurysm diagnosed by fetal echocardiography. (chvd-journal.com)

In particular, the Echo Core Lab provides echocardiography measurements for clinical investigations and trials that use echocardiography for patient eligibility or study endpoints or both. (mayo.edu)
Dr Shelley Rahman Haley is a consultant cardiologist and the first clinical lead for echocardiography at Harefield Hospital. (rbht.nhs.uk)
This PhD program involves multi-modality cardiovascular imaging techniques, such as echocardiography (TTE), and Cardiac MRI in humans (including clinical trials) and animal models. (edu.au)
This PhD project aims to advance the clinical application of contrast echocardiography, especially focusing on microcirculation. (edu.au)
This reports our clinical study of the usefulness of intraoperative echocardiography to both surgeons and anesthesiologists for high-risk coronary artery bypass grafting. (duke.edu)
Due to increased needs to reduce non-fatal as well as fatal cardiac events , preoperative echocardiography remains part of routine clinical practice in many hospitals . (bvsalud.org)
In real-world clinical practice, preoperative echocardiography was performed in substantial number of patients with potential cardiac risk even in low- risk NCS, and abnormal findings were independently associated with postoperative CVE. (bvsalud.org)
Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) has been employed in guiding clinical interventional procedures. (elsevier.com)

Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) is a new technique that can be used to examine the myocardial microcirculation. (elsevier.com)
Kaul, S 2001, ' Myocardial contrast echocardiography: Basic principles ', Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases , vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 1-11. (elsevier.com)

She is board certified in Comprehensive Perioperative Echocardiography (ASCeXAM). (utah.edu)
CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that when all of the isolated diagnostic and monitoring applications of perioperative echocardiography are routinely and systematically performed together, it is a safe and viable tool that significantly affects the decision-making process in the intraoperative care of high-risk patients undergoing primary isolated coronary artery bypass grafting and may contribute to the optimal care of these patients. (duke.edu)

Job SummaryResponsible for a variety of technical duties necessary to the acquisition of echocardiographic examinations and maintenance of the normal operation of the adult echocardiography laboratory.Job DutiesCome Join our Heart Institute Team! (cytopathology.org)
Guidelines for the echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in adults: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography. (echoright.com)

With the paucity of high-quality studies on longitudinal basic critical care echocardiography (BCCE) training, expert-opinion guidelines have guided BCCE training. (bvsalud.org)

Echocardiography is the powerhouse of the cardiology and surgical imaging unit, as almost every patient will have at least one scan during their patient journey - and many will have several scans to follow their condition and monitor for any progression, allowing us to alter medication or time intervention appropriately. (rbht.nhs.uk)
Our hospital offers echocardiography as one of our many cardiology services. (vcahospitals.com)
The purpose of this series is to provide education regarding basic echocardiography and contemporary imaging techniques in cardiology, utilizing lectures, and audio/video presentations. (utsouthwestern.edu)
Echocardiography is one of the most commonly used diagnostic imaging modalities in cardiology. (mit.edu)
In this study, director of the Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research at Shamir Medical Center Prof. Shai Efrati and Dr. Marina Leitman, head of the Echocardiography Unit and Noninvasive Cardiology Service at Shamir Medical Center, turned their attention to HBOT's impact on cardiac function. (jpost.com)

96 patients with recent acute MI underwent echocardiography at baseline and 6 months later or 3 months after revascularization to determine regional function. (escardio.org)
Methods: Sixty-one I-II NYHA class HFpEF patients underwent standard echocardiography, LUS (28-scanning point method), and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) assessment during supine exercise echocardiography (baseline and peak exercise). (univ-lorraine.fr)

The Echocardiography (Echo) Core Lab is a core laboratory of the Cardiovascular Research Center. (mayo.edu)
One of the great things about the heart is that it does provide lots of clues which a good clinician can pick up by careful examination, especially with the use of the stethoscope, but the art of cardiovascular diagnosis was transformed in the 1970s by the advent of echocardiography. (rbht.nhs.uk)
Perform reliable echocardiography in mice and other small animals for translational cardiovascular research with in vivo resolution down to 30 microns. (visualsonics.com)
They were experts with international reputations in echocardiography and environmental or cardiovascular epidemiology. (cdc.gov)
We aimed to investigate the role of preoperative echocardiography in predicting postoperative adverse cardiovascular events (CVEs) in asymptomatic patients undergoing low- risk NCS. (bvsalud.org)
Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of cardiovascular Imaging. (echoright.com)
These grants are part of an ongoing effort by the Foundation, in assistance with the Council Steering Committees, to encourage trainees in cardiovascular specialties to focus on the respective echocardiography subspecialty and to recruit enthusiastic new members to the Councils. (asefoundation.org)

BACKGROUND: Intraoperative echocardiography is a valuable monitoring and diagnostic technology used in cardiac surgery. (duke.edu)

The diagnosis and hemodynamic assessment of most patients with MS is performed noninvasively with echocardiography. (medscape.com)
When echocardiography came into routine use for the diagnosis of heart murmurs, lots of patients who had been told what was wrong with them many years earlier discovered that they had something entirely different! (rbht.nhs.uk)
There are many factors that contribute to an accurate diagnosis based on echocardiography. (evanhospital.com)
They consistently reported that echocardiography is feasible, whether performed by a novice or expert, and frequently resulted in important changes in diagnosis of cardiac abnormalities and their management. (monash.edu)
What Role Does Echocardiography Play in PAH Diagnosis? (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] These investigators, who are part of an established group of experts in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) wanted to focus on the prevalence of PAH in patients with sickle cell disease and evaluate the role for echocardiography in the diagnosis of PAH. (medscape.com)

Recognizecardiac pathology commonly diagnosed by echocardiography such as pericardial disease, Cardiomyopathies, CAD (ischemic disease), pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart disease. (gcus.com)
3. Recognize the congenital abnormalities on Echocardiography. (utsouthwestern.edu)

Adult Echocardiography Registry Review - Virtual Conference provides the most comprehensive review with topics based on current ARDMS exam content outlines for successfully completing the adult echocardiography certification exam. (gcus.com)
To guarantee the highest industry exam success rate this course is taught by a leading adult echocardiography expert and is specifically designed for physicians, sonographers and other medical professionals who are looking to pass the adult echocardiography registry exam the first time. (gcus.com)
The Adult Echocardiography Registry Review Virtual Conference entails interactive lectures, case studies, and live, interactive mock registry exams. (gcus.com)
As an added feature, the Gulfcoast Registry Review PASS Guarantee will grant you access to the Adult Echocardiography Online Course for an additional 90 days if you do not pass your registry exam after completing the course or webinar. (gcus.com)
Apply knowledge of the cardiac anatomy and corresponding cardiac physiology of the systemic & pulmonary circulation to perform routine scan protocols for adult echocardiography. (gcus.com)
Medical professionals who are preparing to take the ARDMS Adult Echocardiography or CCI Cardiac Sonographer registry board exams or individuals who need a comprehensive review for professional improvement and/or CME credits. (gcus.com)

Intraoperative echocardiography is indicated in high-risk coronary artery bypass grafting. (duke.edu)
METHODS: From March to November 1995, 82 consecutive high-risk patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting were studied in a four-stage protocol to determine the efficacy of intraoperative echocardiography in management planning. (duke.edu)
Alterations in surgical and anesthetic/hemodynamic management initiated by intraoperative echocardiography findings were documented in addition to perioperative morbidity and mortality. (duke.edu)
Mortality and the rate of myocardial infarction in this consecutive high-risk study population using intraoperative echocardiography and in a similar group of patients without the use of intraoperative echocardiography was 1.2% versus 3.8% (not significant) and 1.2% versus 3.5% (not significant), respectively. (duke.edu)

Computed tomography may be an adjunct to echocardiography for preprocedural or preoperative planning when mechanical mitral valve malfunction is suspected. (medscape.com)
Practical role of preoperative echocardiography in low-risk non-cardiac surgery. (bvsalud.org)
Data on the role of preoperative echocardiography in low- risk non- cardiac surgery (NCS) other than ambulatory surgeries do not exist. (bvsalud.org)
Preoperative examination data including electrocardiography , chest radiography , and echocardiography were collected. (bvsalud.org)
Abnormal findings were observed in 5.0% of patients with preoperative echocardiography . (bvsalud.org)
95% confidence interval , CI 1.21-266.71, P = 0.036), preoperative echocardiography did not significantly predict CVE in multivariate analysis (P = 0.097). (bvsalud.org)
Future studies should identify patients undergoing low- risk NCS for whom preoperative echocardiography would be helpful to predict adverse CVE. (bvsalud.org)

Doppler echocardiography in elderly patients with ejection systolic murmurs. (bmj.com)

The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy and reproducibility of the quantification of left ventricular (LV) function by real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) using current state-of-the-art hardware and software. (ajconline.org)

Bedside echocardiography may rapidly identify reversible cardiac problems (eg, cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax, massive myocardial infarction, severe hypovolemia). (medscape.com)
This app sensitizes the neonatologists on bedside echocardiography & trains on basics of echo and some speciﬁc conditions like PDA and PPHN. (who.int)

In patients with PH echocardiography provides information about right heart dimensions, pulmonary artery pressures, right ventricle systolic and diastolic function and left and right ventricle interdependence. (nih.gov)

Echocardiography is also invaluable in identifying right ventricular enlargement, pulmonary hypertension suggestive of pulmonary emboli, and ventricular septal rupture. (medscape.com)

A very useful targeted neonatal echocardiography app developed by The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada, for IOS platform for free download. (who.int)

Because of its extensive experience, the echocardiography "core" laboratory at Mayo Clinic, directed by Dr. Jae K. Oh, was selected to review the echocardiograms. (cdc.gov)
Because of its reputation and extensive experience, the echocardiography laboratory at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., was chosen to review the study's echocardiograms. (cdc.gov)
The purpose of the meeting was to review the methods, results and public health significance of PSM's Vieques Heart Study, considering the echocardiography readings of both PSM and the Mayo Clinic. (cdc.gov)

Echocardiography offers an enhanced understanding of cardiac anatomy and physiology. (biomedcentral.com)

T ransthoracic echocardiography (TTE), sometimes (LV) translates into a 15-g difference in the estimate of called "surface echocardiography," is a basic tool LV mass.3 A report stating honestly that accurate data for investigation and follow-up of heart disease. (scribd.com)
This technology was adapted for use by submarines in the British Navy during the first world war, but later in the 20th century, Inge Edler, now often called the "father of echocardiography", realised that the very same technology could be harnessed to locate moving structures in the heart, such as valves and even the flowing blood itself. (rbht.nhs.uk)
The power of echocardiography is the ability to look inside the heart at various structures. (vcahospitals.com)
Echocardiography is used to assess different areas of the heart and can detect heart disease or signs of serious conditions. (evanhospital.com)
An echocardiography shows if the heart wall or chambers are enlarged and if there are abnormalities of the heart valves. (sgh.com.sg)
We advocate the implementation of 3D-printed heart models featuring the standard views for teaching echocardiography. (biomedcentral.com)
Despite advances in echocardiography, pulmonary hypertension still requires a right heart catheterization (RHC) demonstrating mean pulmonary arterial pressure ≥ 25 mm Hg at rest for confirmation. (renalandurologynews.com)

The small differences between Ponce and Mayo findings were attributed to the limited precision of the trans-thoracic echocardiography measurement technique. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy27

Organisms1

Diseases91

Chemicals and Drugs15

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment93

Phenomena and Processes29

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science5

Named Groups1

Health Care27

Cardiac sympathetic activity estimated by 123I-MIBG myocardial imaging in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy after beta-blocker or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy. (1/9635)

Sympathetic nerve alterations assessed with 123I-MIBG in the failing human heart. (2/9635)

Effect of coronary occlusion on left ventricular function with and without collateral supply during beating heart coronary artery surgery. (3/9635)

Peri-operative changes in echocardiographic measurements and plasma atrial and brain natriuretic peptide concentrations in 3 dogs with patent ductus arteriosus. (4/9635)

Hemodialysis with high-calcium dialysate impairs cardiac relaxation. (5/9635)

Studies on structural changes of the carotid arteries and the heart in asymptomatic renal transplant recipients. (6/9635)

Regulation of myocardial blood flow by oxygen consumption is maintained in the failing heart during exercise. (7/9635)

Increased renal resistive index in patients with essential hypertension: a marker of target organ damage. (8/9635)

Echocardiography

Echocardiography, Transesophageal

Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional

Echocardiography, Doppler

Echocardiography, Stress

Echocardiography, Doppler, Color

Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed

Dobutamine

Ventricular Function, Left

Ventricular Dysfunction, Left

Mitral Valve

Heart Ventricles

Stroke Volume

Mitral Valve Insufficiency

Heart Diseases

Heart Atria

Heart Septal Defects, Atrial

Heart Valve Diseases

Diastole

Observer Variation

Predictive Value of Tests

Systole

Cardiac Catheterization

Heart Defects, Congenital

Heart Neoplasms

Electrocardiography

Exercise Test

Myocardial Contraction

Sensitivity and Specificity

Aortic Valve

Cardiotonic Agents

Fetal Heart

Echocardiography, Four-Dimensional

Contrast Media

Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular

Prospective Studies

Feasibility Studies

Heart Septum

Hemodynamics

Blood Flow Velocity

Coronary Circulation

Heart Valve Prosthesis

Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency

Aortic Valve Insufficiency

Tricuspid Valve

Heart

Aortic Valve Stenosis

Reproducibility of Results

Mitral Valve Prolapse

Cardiomyopathies

Mitral Valve Stenosis

Heart Failure

Myocardial Infarction

Atrial Function, Left

Dipyridamole

Cardiac Volume

Ventricular Remodeling

Myocardial Ischemia

Ventricular Function, Right

Pericardial Effusion

Ventricular Dysfunction, Right

Coronary Angiography

Coronary Disease

Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic

Heart Murmurs

Follow-Up Studies

Myocardium

Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular

Myxoma

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated

Embolism

Heart Aneurysm

Cardiac Surgical Procedures

Atrial Appendage

Fluorocarbons

Hypertension, Pulmonary

Heart Function Tests

Ultrasonography, Prenatal

Endocarditis