AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
Drug InteractionsHerb-Drug InteractionsCytochrome P-450 CYP3ACytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemPharmaceutical PreparationsMicrosomes, LiverFood-Drug InteractionsPharmacokineticsCitrus paradisiDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsOxidoreductases, N-DemethylatingPolypharmacyAryl Hydrocarbon HydroxylasesCytochrome P-450 CYP2D6Reference Books, MedicalTroleandomycinDrug SynergismArea Under CurveKetoconazoleBiotransformationPhenacetinWarfarinDrug AntagonismDrug Therapy, CombinationPhenindionePhenytoinAdverse Drug Reaction Reporting SystemsHypericumHydroxytestosteronesMidazolamPharmaceutical Preparations, DentalP-GlycoproteinPhenprocoumonInvestigational New Drug ApplicationEnzyme InhibitorsBupropionMixed Function OxygenasesBuprenorphineThealesCytochrome P-450 CYP1A2RitonavirRifampinDrug Information ServicesAntifungal AgentsCimetidineDrug LabelingDose-Response Relationship, DrugKavaHerbal MedicineHIV Protease InhibitorsParoxetineAnticoagulantsDrug MonitoringCross-Over StudiesItraconazoleAnticonvulsantsAdministration, OralSulfoxidesNelfinavirQuinidineAnti-HIV AgentsBarbituratesPlant PreparationsCarbamatesHydroxylationOrganic Anion TransportersHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsProton Pump InhibitorsMetabolic Clearance RateBeekeepingMilk ThistleDrug PrescriptionsDigoxinRhabdomyolysisPhenylbutazoneNonprescription DrugsBenzoxazinesEnzyme InductionDealkylationLegislation, DrugImipramineInternational Normalized RatioDrug IncompatibilityMedication ErrorsOpipramolPharmacogeneticsGlucuronosyltransferasePharmacopoeias as TopicTriazolesDatabases, FactualDrug TherapySelf MedicationMiocamycinUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationMetabolic Detoxication, DrugPhytotherapyHepatocytesPrenylamineChromatography, High Pressure LiquidAnti-Infective Agents
Drug Interactions
The action of a drug that may affect the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of another drug.
Herb-Drug Interactions
The effect of herbs, other PLANTS, or PLANT EXTRACTS on the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of drugs.
Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A
A cytochrome P-450 suptype that has specificity for a broad variety of lipophilic compounds, including STEROIDS; FATTY ACIDS; and XENOBIOTICS. This enzyme has clinical significance due to its ability to metabolize a diverse array of clinically important drugs such as CYCLOSPORINE; VERAPAMIL; and MIDAZOLAM. This enzyme also catalyzes the N-demethylation of ERYTHROMYCIN.
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
A superfamily of hundreds of closely related HEMEPROTEINS found throughout the phylogenetic spectrum, from animals, plants, fungi, to bacteria. They include numerous complex monooxygenases (MIXED FUNCTION OXYGENASES). In animals, these P-450 enzymes serve two major functions: (1) biosynthesis of steroids, fatty acids, and bile acids; (2) metabolism of endogenous and a wide variety of exogenous substrates, such as toxins and drugs (BIOTRANSFORMATION). They are classified, according to their sequence similarities rather than functions, into CYP gene families (>40% homology) and subfamilies (>59% homology). For example, enzymes from the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 gene families are responsible for most drug metabolism.
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Drugs intended for human or veterinary use, presented in their finished dosage form. Included here are materials used in the preparation and/or formulation of the finished dosage form.
Microsomes, Liver
Closed vesicles of fragmented endoplasmic reticulum created when liver cells or tissue are disrupted by homogenization. They may be smooth or rough.
Food-Drug Interactions
The pharmacological result, either desirable or undesirable, of drugs interacting with components of the diet. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
Pharmacokinetics
Dynamic and kinetic mechanisms of exogenous chemical and DRUG LIBERATION; ABSORPTION; BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; BIOTRANSFORMATION; elimination; and DRUG TOXICITY as a function of dosage, and rate of METABOLISM. LADMER, ADME and ADMET are abbreviations for liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicology.
Citrus paradisi
A plant species of the genus CITRUS, family RUTACEAE that produces the familiar grapefruit. There is evidence that grapefruit inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A4, resulting in delayed metabolism and higher blood levels of a variety of drugs.
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals.
Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating
Polypharmacy
The use of multiple drugs administered to the same patient, most commonly seen in elderly patients. It includes also the administration of excessive medication. Since in the United States most drugs are dispensed as single-agent formulations, polypharmacy, though using many drugs administered to the same patient, must be differentiated from DRUG COMBINATIONS, single preparations containing two or more drugs as a fixed dose, and from DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION, two or more drugs administered separately for a combined effect. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)
Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases
A large group of cytochrome P-450 (heme-thiolate) monooxygenases that complex with NAD(P)H-FLAVIN OXIDOREDUCTASE in numerous mixed-function oxidations of aromatic compounds. They catalyze hydroxylation of a broad spectrum of substrates and are important in the metabolism of steroids, drugs, and toxins such as PHENOBARBITAL, carcinogens, and insecticides.
Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6
A cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of many drugs and environmental chemicals, such as DEBRISOQUINE; ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS; and TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS. This enzyme is deficient in up to 10 percent of the Caucasian population.
Reference Books, Medical
Books in the field of medicine intended primarily for consultation.
Troleandomycin
A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.
Drug Synergism
The action of a drug in promoting or enhancing the effectiveness of another drug.
Area Under Curve
A statistical means of summarizing information from a series of measurements on one individual. It is frequently used in clinical pharmacology where the AUC from serum levels can be interpreted as the total uptake of whatever has been administered. As a plot of the concentration of a drug against time, after a single dose of medicine, producing a standard shape curve, it is a means of comparing the bioavailability of the same drug made by different companies. (From Winslade, Dictionary of Clinical Research, 1992)
Ketoconazole
Broad spectrum antifungal agent used for long periods at high doses, especially in immunosuppressed patients.
Biotransformation
The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
Phenacetin
A phenylacetamide that was formerly used in ANALGESICS but nephropathy and METHEMOGLOBINEMIA led to its withdrawal from the market. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology,1991, p431)
Warfarin
An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.
Drug Antagonism
Phenomena and pharmaceutics of compounds that inhibit the function of agonists (DRUG AGONISM) and inverse agonists (DRUG INVERSE AGONISM) for a specific receptor. On their own, antagonists produce no effect by themselves to a receptor, and are said to have neither intrinsic activity nor efficacy.
Drug Therapy, Combination
Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.
Phenindione
An indandione that has been used as an anticoagulant. Phenindione has actions similar to WARFARIN, but it is now rarely employed because of its higher incidence of severe adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p234)
Phenytoin
An anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs.
Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems
Systems developed for collecting reports from government agencies, manufacturers, hospitals, physicians, and other sources on adverse drug reactions.
Hypericum
Genus of perennial plants in the family CLUSIACEAE (sometimes classified as Hypericaceae). Herbal and homeopathic preparations are used for depression, neuralgias, and a variety of other conditions. Hypericum contains flavonoids; GLYCOSIDES; mucilage, TANNINS; volatile oils (OILS, ESSENTIAL), hypericin and hyperforin.
Hydroxytestosterones
17 beta-Hydroxy-4-androsten-3-ones. Testosterone derivatives formed by the substitution of one or more hydroxyl groups in any position.
Midazolam
A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.
Pharmaceutical Preparations, Dental
Drugs intended for DENTISTRY.
P-Glycoprotein
A 170-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein from the superfamily of ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS. It serves as an ATP-dependent efflux pump for a variety of chemicals, including many ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS. Overexpression of this glycoprotein is associated with multidrug resistance (see DRUG RESISTANCE, MULTIPLE).
Phenprocoumon
Coumarin derivative that acts as a long acting oral anticoagulant.
Investigational New Drug Application
An application that must be submitted to a regulatory agency (the FDA in the United States) before a drug can be studied in humans. This application includes results of previous experiments; how, where, and by whom the new studies will be conducted; the chemical structure of the compound; how it is thought to work in the body; any toxic effects found in animal studies; and how the compound is manufactured. (From the "New Medicines in Development" Series produced by the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association and published irregularly.)
Enzyme Inhibitors
Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.
Bupropion
A unicyclic, aminoketone antidepressant. The mechanism of its therapeutic actions is not well understood, but it does appear to block dopamine uptake. The hydrochloride is available as an aid to smoking cessation treatment.
Mixed Function Oxygenases
Widely distributed enzymes that carry out oxidation-reduction reactions in which one atom of the oxygen molecule is incorporated into the organic substrate; the other oxygen atom is reduced and combined with hydrogen ions to form water. They are also known as monooxygenases or hydroxylases. These reactions require two substrates as reductants for each of the two oxygen atoms. There are different classes of monooxygenases depending on the type of hydrogen-providing cosubstrate (COENZYMES) required in the mixed-function oxidation.
Buprenorphine
A derivative of the opioid alkaloid THEBAINE that is a more potent and longer lasting analgesic than MORPHINE. It appears to act as a partial agonist at mu and kappa opioid receptors and as an antagonist at delta receptors. The lack of delta-agonist activity has been suggested to account for the observation that buprenorphine tolerance may not develop with chronic use.
Theales
A plant order of the subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It includes 18 families, approximately 175 genera, and 3,400 species. Its members are mostly tropical trees and shrubs.
Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2
A cytochrome P450 enzyme subtype that has specificity for relatively planar heteroaromatic small molecules, such as CAFFEINE and ACETAMINOPHEN.
Ritonavir
An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.
Rifampin
A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)
Drug Information Services
Services providing pharmaceutic and therapeutic drug information and consultation.
Antifungal Agents
Substances that destroy fungi by suppressing their ability to grow or reproduce. They differ from FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL because they defend against fungi present in human or animal tissues.
Cimetidine
A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.
Drug Labeling
Use of written, printed, or graphic materials upon or accompanying a drug container or wrapper. It includes contents, indications, effects, dosages, routes, methods, frequency and duration of administration, warnings, hazards, contraindications, side effects, precautions, and other relevant information.
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.
Kava
Dried rhizome and roots of Piper methysticum, a shrub native to Oceania and known for its anti-anxiety and sedative properties. Heavy usage results in some adverse effects. It contains ALKALOIDS; LACTONES; kawain, methysticin, mucilage, STARCH, and yangonin. Kava is also the name of the pungent beverage prepared from the plant's roots.
Herbal Medicine
The study of medicines derived from botanical sources.
HIV Protease Inhibitors
Inhibitors of HIV PROTEASE, an enzyme required for production of proteins needed for viral assembly.
Paroxetine
A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.
Anticoagulants
Agents that prevent clotting.
Drug Monitoring
The process of observing, recording, or detecting the effects of a chemical substance administered to an individual therapeutically or diagnostically.
Cross-Over Studies
Studies comparing two or more treatments or interventions in which the subjects or patients, upon completion of the course of one treatment, are switched to another. In the case of two treatments, A and B, half the subjects are randomly allocated to receive these in the order A, B and half to receive them in the order B, A. A criticism of this design is that effects of the first treatment may carry over into the period when the second is given. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)
Itraconazole
A triazole antifungal agent that inhibits cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes required for ERGOSTEROL synthesis.
Anticonvulsants
Drugs used to prevent SEIZURES or reduce their severity.
Administration, Oral
The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.
Sulfoxides
Organic compounds that have the general formula R-SO-R. They are obtained by oxidation of mercaptans (analogous to the ketones). (From Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 4th ed)
Nelfinavir
A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.
Quinidine
An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.
Anti-HIV Agents
Agents used to treat AIDS and/or stop the spread of the HIV infection. These do not include drugs used to treat symptoms or opportunistic infections associated with AIDS.
Barbiturates
A class of chemicals derived from barbituric acid or thiobarbituric acid. Many of these are GABA MODULATORS used as HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES, as ANESTHETICS, or as ANTICONVULSANTS.
Plant Preparations
Material prepared from plants.
Carbamates
Derivatives of carbamic acid, H2NC(=O)OH. Included under this heading are N-substituted and O-substituted carbamic acids. In general carbamate esters are referred to as urethanes, and polymers that include repeating units of carbamate are referred to as POLYURETHANES. Note however that polyurethanes are derived from the polymerization of ISOCYANATES and the singular term URETHANE refers to the ethyl ester of carbamic acid.
Hydroxylation
Placing of a hydroxyl group on a compound in a position where one did not exist before. (Stedman, 26th ed)
Organic Anion Transporters
Proteins involved in the transport of organic anions. They play an important role in the elimination of a variety of endogenous substances, xenobiotics and their metabolites from the body.
Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
Compounds that inhibit HMG-CoA reductases. They have been shown to directly lower cholesterol synthesis.
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Compounds that inhibit H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE. They are used as ANTI-ULCER AGENTS and sometimes in place of HISTAMINE H2 ANTAGONISTS for GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX.
Metabolic Clearance Rate
Volume of biological fluid completely cleared of drug metabolites as measured in unit time. Elimination occurs as a result of metabolic processes in the kidney, liver, saliva, sweat, intestine, heart, brain, or other site.
Beekeeping
The management and maintenance of colonies of honeybees.
Milk Thistle
The plant Silybum marianum in the family ASTERACEAE containing the bioflavonoid complex SILYMARIN. For centuries this has been used traditionally to treat liver disease. Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. = Carduus marianus L.
Drug Prescriptions
Directions written for the obtaining and use of DRUGS.
Digoxin
A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666)
Rhabdomyolysis
Necrosis or disintegration of skeletal muscle often followed by myoglobinuria.
Phenylbutazone
A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It has been used in ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and REACTIVE ARTHRITIS.
Nonprescription Drugs
Medicines that can be sold legally without a DRUG PRESCRIPTION.
Benzoxazines
OXAZINES with a fused BENZENE ring.
Enzyme Induction
An increase in the rate of synthesis of an enzyme due to the presence of an inducer which acts to derepress the gene responsible for enzyme synthesis.
Dealkylation
The removing of alkyl groups from a compound. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
Legislation, Drug
Laws concerned with manufacturing, dispensing, and marketing of drugs.
Imipramine
The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.
International Normalized Ratio
System established by the World Health Organization and the International Committee on Thrombosis and Hemostasis for monitoring and reporting blood coagulation tests. Under this system, results are standardized using the International Sensitivity Index for the particular test reagent/instrument combination used.
Drug Incompatibility
The quality of not being miscible with another given substance without a chemical change. One drug is not of suitable composition to be combined or mixed with another agent or substance. The incompatibility usually results in an undesirable reaction, including chemical alteration or destruction. (Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)
Medication Errors
Errors in prescribing, dispensing, or administering medication with the result that the patient fails to receive the correct drug or the indicated proper drug dosage.
Opipramol
A tricyclic antidepressant with actions similar to AMITRIPTYLINE.
Pharmacogenetics
A branch of genetics which deals with the genetic variability in individual responses to drugs and drug metabolism (BIOTRANSFORMATION).
Glucuronosyltransferase
A family of enzymes accepting a wide range of substrates, including phenols, alcohols, amines, and fatty acids. They function as drug-metabolizing enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of UDPglucuronic acid to a variety of endogenous and exogenous compounds. EC 2.4.1.17.
Pharmacopoeias as Topic
Authoritative treatises on drugs and preparations, their description, formulation, analytic composition, physical constants, main chemical properties used in identification, standards for strength, purity, and dosage, chemical tests for determining identity and purity, etc. They are usually published under governmental jurisdiction (e.g., USP, the United States Pharmacopoeia; BP, British Pharmacopoeia; P. Helv., the Swiss Pharmacopoeia). They differ from FORMULARIES in that they are far more complete: formularies tend to be mere listings of formulas and prescriptions.
Triazoles
Databases, Factual
Extensive collections, reputedly complete, of facts and data garnered from material of a specialized subject area and made available for analysis and application. The collection can be automated by various contemporary methods for retrieval. The concept should be differentiated from DATABASES, BIBLIOGRAPHIC which is restricted to collections of bibliographic references.
Drug Therapy
The use of DRUGS to treat a DISEASE or its symptoms. One example is the use of ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS to treat CANCER.
Self Medication
The self administration of medication not prescribed by a physician or in a manner not directed by a physician.
Miocamycin
A macrolide antibiotic that has a wide antimicrobial spectrum and is particularly effective in respiratory and genital infections.
United States Food and Drug Administration
An agency of the PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE concerned with the overall planning, promoting, and administering of programs pertaining to maintaining standards of quality of foods, drugs, therapeutic devices, etc.
Metabolic Detoxication, Drug
Reduction of pharmacologic activity or toxicity of a drug or other foreign substance by a living system, usually by enzymatic action. It includes those metabolic transformations that make the substance more soluble for faster renal excretion.
Phytotherapy
Use of plants or herbs to treat diseases or to alleviate pain.
Hepatocytes
The main structural component of the LIVER. They are specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules.
Prenylamine
A drug formerly used in the treatment of angina pectoris but superseded by less hazardous drugs. Prenylamine depletes myocardial catecholamine stores and has some calcium channel blocking activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1406)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.
Anti-Infective Agents
Substances that prevent infectious agents or organisms from spreading or kill infectious agents in order to prevent the spread of infection.
Ginkgo biloba
The only specie of the genus Ginkgo, family Ginkgoacea. It is the source of extracts of medicinal interest, especially Egb 761. Ginkgo may refer to the genus or species.
Cyclosporins
A group of closely related cyclic undecapeptides from the fungi Trichoderma polysporum and Cylindocarpon lucidum. They have some antineoplastic and antifungal action and significant immunosuppressive effects. Cyclosporins have been proposed as adjuvants in tissue and organ transplantation to suppress graft rejection.
Verapamil
A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.
Alfentanil
A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of FENTANYL. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.
Analgesics, Opioid
Compounds with activity like OPIATE ALKALOIDS, acting at OPIOID RECEPTORS. Properties include induction of ANALGESIA or NARCOSIS.
Promazine
A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic.
Myalgia
Painful sensation in the muscles.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
A chemically heterogeneous group of drugs that have in common the ability to block oxidative deamination of naturally occurring monoamines. (From Gilman, et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p414)
Sulfonamides
A group of compounds that contain the structure SO2NH2.
Gemfibrozil
A lipid-regulating agent that lowers elevated serum lipids primarily by decreasing serum triglycerides with a variable reduction in total cholesterol.
Drug Combinations
Single preparations containing two or more active agents, for the purpose of their concurrent administration as a fixed dose mixture.
Loratadine
A second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.
Ticlopidine
An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.
Biological Availability
The extent to which the active ingredient of a drug dosage form becomes available at the site of drug action or in a biological medium believed to reflect accessibility to a site of action.
Carbamazepine
An anticonvulsant used to control grand mal and psychomotor or focal seizures. Its mode of action is not fully understood, but some of its actions resemble those of PHENYTOIN; although there is little chemical resemblance between the two compounds, their three-dimensional structure is similar.
HIV Integrase Inhibitors
Inhibitors of HIV INTEGRASE, an enzyme required for integration of viral DNA into cellular DNA.
Beverages
Liquids that are suitable for drinking. (From Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary, 10th ed)
Chlorpromazine
The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.
Acenocoumarol
A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. Its actions and uses are similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p233)
Immunosuppressive Agents
Agents that suppress immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-CELLS or by inhibiting the activation of HELPER CELLS. While immunosuppression has been brought about in the past primarily to prevent rejection of transplanted organs, new applications involving mediation of the effects of INTERLEUKINS and other CYTOKINES are emerging.
Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors
Compounds that specifically inhibit the reuptake of serotonin in the brain.
Medicine, Kampo
System of herbal medicine practiced in Japan by both herbalists and practitioners of modern medicine. Kampo originated in China and is based on Chinese herbal medicine (MEDICINE, CHINESE TRADITIONAL).
HIV Infections
Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Antidepressive Agents
Mood-stimulating drugs used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions. Several MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS are useful as antidepressants apparently as a long-term consequence of their modulation of catecholamine levels. The tricyclic compounds useful as antidepressive agents (ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS, TRICYCLIC) also appear to act through brain catecholamine systems. A third group (ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS, SECOND-GENERATION) is a diverse group of drugs including some that act specifically on serotonergic systems.
Pyrimidines
A family of 6-membered heterocyclic compounds occurring in nature in a wide variety of forms. They include several nucleic acid constituents (CYTOSINE; THYMINE; and URACIL) and form the basic structure of the barbiturates.
Pharmacoepidemiology
The science concerned with the benefit and risk of drugs used in populations and the analysis of the outcomes of drug therapies. Pharmacoepidemiologic data come from both clinical trials and epidemiological studies with emphasis on methods for the detection and evaluation of drug-related adverse effects, assessment of risk vs benefit ratios in drug therapy, patterns of drug utilization, the cost-effectiveness of specific drugs, methodology of postmarketing surveillance, and the relation between pharmacoepidemiology and the formulation and interpretation of regulatory guidelines. (Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 1992;1(1); J Pharmacoepidemiol 1990;1(1))
Receptors, Biogenic Amine
Cell surface proteins that bind biogenic amines with high affinity and regulate intracellular signals which influence the behavior of cells. Biogenic amine is a chemically imprecise term which, by convention, includes the catecholamines epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine, the indoleamine serotonin, the imidazolamine histamine, and compounds closely related to each of these.
Trimetrexate
A nonclassical folic acid inhibitor through its inhibition of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. It is being tested for efficacy as an antineoplastic agent and as an antiparasitic agent against PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS patients. Myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxic effect.
Anti-Retroviral Agents
Agents used to treat RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.
Drug Therapy, Computer-Assisted
Adjunctive computer programs in providing drug treatment to patients.
Rifabutin
A broad-spectrum antibiotic that is being used as prophylaxis against disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in HIV-positive patients.
Methadone
A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1082-3)
Fluorobenzenes
Antibiotics, Antitubercular
Substances obtained from various species of microorganisms that are, alone or in combination with other agents, of use in treating various forms of tuberculosis; most of these agents are merely bacteriostatic, induce resistance in the organisms, and may be toxic.
Theophylline
A methyl xanthine derivative from tea with diuretic, smooth muscle relaxant, bronchial dilation, cardiac and central nervous system stimulant activities. Theophylline inhibits the 3',5'-CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASE that degrades CYCLIC AMP thus potentiates the actions of agents that act through ADENYLYL CYCLASES and cyclic AMP.
Liver
A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
Preclinical testing of drugs in experimental animals or in vitro for their biological and toxic effects and potential clinical applications.
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Inhibitors of reverse transcriptase (RNA-DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE), an enzyme that synthesizes DNA on an RNA template.
Education, Pharmacy, Continuing
Educational programs designed to inform graduate pharmacists of recent advances in their particular field.
Oxazines
Six-membered heterocycles containing an oxygen and a nitrogen.
Antineoplastic Agents
Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.
Drug Industry
That segment of commercial enterprise devoted to the design, development, and manufacture of chemical products for use in the diagnosis and treatment of disease, disability, or other dysfunction, or to improve function.
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Cyclosporine
A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions.They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects.
Omeprazole
A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.
Half-Life
The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacologic, physiologic, or radiologic activity.
Serotonin Syndrome
An adverse drug interaction characterized by altered mental status, autonomic dysfunction, and neuromuscular abnormalities. It is most frequently caused by use of both serotonin reuptake inhibitors and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, leading to excess serotonin availability in the CNS at the serotonin 1A receptor.
Education, Pharmacy, Graduate
Educational programs for pharmacists who have a bachelor's degree or a Doctor of Pharmacy degree entering a specific field of pharmacy. They may lead to an advanced degree.
Calcium Channel Blockers
A class of drugs that act by selective inhibition of calcium influx through cellular membranes.
Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent
A subclass of ORGANIC ANION TRANSPORTERS that do not rely directly or indirectly upon sodium ion gradients for the transport of organic ions.
Oxycodone
A semisynthetic derivative of CODEINE.
Simvastatin
A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.
Steroid 16-alpha-Hydroxylase
A liver microsomal cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the 16-alpha-hydroxylation of a broad spectrum of steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics in the presence of molecular oxygen and NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE. This enzyme is encoded by a number of genes from several CYP2 subfamilies.
Drug Administration Schedule
Time schedule for administration of a drug in order to achieve optimum effectiveness and convenience.
Probenecid
The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.
Benzimidazoles
Compounds with a BENZENE fused to IMIDAZOLES.
2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles
Compounds that contain benzimidazole joined to a 2-methylpyridine via a sulfoxide linkage. Several of the compounds in this class are ANTI-ULCER AGENTS that act by inhibiting the POTASSIUM HYDROGEN ATPASE found in the PROTON PUMP of GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.
Lovastatin
A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.
Amiodarone
An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.
Inhibitory Concentration 50
The concentration of a compound needed to reduce population growth of organisms, including eukaryotic cells, by 50% in vitro. Though often expressed to denote in vitro antibacterial activity, it is also used as a benchmark for cytotoxicity to eukaryotic cells in culture.
Sulfones
Pyrroles
Azoles of one NITROGEN and two double bonds that have aromatic chemical properties.
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.
Algorithms
A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal
Chinese herbal or plant extracts which are used as drugs to treat diseases or promote general well-being. The concept does not include synthesized compounds manufactured in China.
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.
Prescription Drugs
Drugs that cannot be sold legally without a prescription.
Thiophenes
Organic Anion Transport Protein 1
A polyspecific transporter for organic cations found primarily in the kidney. It mediates the coupled exchange of alpha-ketoglutarate with organic ions such as P-AMINOHIPPURIC ACID.
Cyclohexanes
Six-carbon alicyclic hydrocarbons.
Isoenzymes
Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.
Fentanyl
A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078)
Pyridines
Compounds with a six membered aromatic ring containing NITROGEN. The saturated version is PIPERIDINES.
Drug Evaluation
Any process by which toxicity, metabolism, absorption, elimination, preferred route of administration, safe dosage range, etc., for a drug or group of drugs is determined through clinical assessment in humans or veterinary animals.
Valproic Acid
A fatty acid with anticonvulsant properties used in the treatment of epilepsy. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of voltage dependent sodium channels.
Glucuronides
Glycosides of GLUCURONIC ACID formed by the reaction of URIDINE DIPHOSPHATE GLUCURONIC ACID with certain endogenous and exogenous substances. Their formation is important for the detoxification of drugs, steroid excretion and BILIRUBIN metabolism to a more water-soluble compound that can be eliminated in the URINE and BILE.
Plant Extracts
Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.
Healthy Volunteers
Persons with no known significant health problems who are recruited to participate in research to test a new drug, device, or intervention as controls for a patient group. (from http://clinicalcenter.nih.gov/recruit/volunteers.html, accessed 2/14/2013)
Computers, Handheld
A type of MICROCOMPUTER, sometimes called a personal digital assistant, that is very small and portable and fitting in a hand. They are convenient to use in clinical and other field situations for quick data management. They usually require docking with MICROCOMPUTERS for updates.
Tacrolimus
A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.
Heptanoic Acids
7-carbon saturated monocarboxylic acids.
Piperazines
Antiviral Agents
Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.
Fluconazole
Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.
Amsacrine
An aminoacridine derivative that intercalates into DNA and is used as an antineoplastic agent.
Drug Design
The molecular designing of drugs for specific purposes (such as DNA-binding, enzyme inhibition, anti-cancer efficacy, etc.) based on knowledge of molecular properties such as activity of functional groups, molecular geometry, and electronic structure, and also on information cataloged on analogous molecules. Drug design is generally computer-assisted molecular modeling and does not include pharmacokinetics, dosage analysis, or drug administration analysis.
Drug Approval
Process that is gone through in order for a drug to receive approval by a government regulatory agency. This includes any required pre-clinical or clinical testing, review, submission, and evaluation of the applications and test results, and post-marketing surveillance of the drug.
Pyrones
Keto-pyrans.
Indinavir
A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.
Plants, Medicinal
Plants whose roots, leaves, seeds, bark, or other constituent parts possess therapeutic, tonic, purgative, curative or other pharmacologic attributes, when administered to man or animals.
Clinical Trials as Topic
Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.
Quinolines
Fluvoxamine
A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.
Pharmacy Service, Hospital
Hospital department responsible for the receiving, storing, and distribution of pharmaceutical supplies.
Dextromethorphan
Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.
Caco-2 Cells
Human colonic ADENOCARCINOMA cells that are able to express differentiation features characteristic of mature intestinal cells, such as ENTEROCYTES. These cells are valuable in vitro tools for studies related to intestinal cell function and differentiation.
Models, Biological
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
Organophosphonates
Carbon-containing phosphonic acid compounds. Included under this heading are compounds that have carbon bound to either OXYGEN atom or the PHOSPHOROUS atom of the (P=O)O2 structure.
Stereoisomerism
The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
Drug Discovery
The process of finding chemicals for potential therapeutic use.
Histamine H2 Antagonists
Drugs that selectively bind to but do not activate histamine H2 receptors, thereby blocking the actions of histamine. Their clinically most important action is the inhibition of acid secretion in the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers. Smooth muscle may also be affected. Some drugs in this class have strong effects in the central nervous system, but these actions are not well understood.

Inhibitory innervation of cat sphincter of Oddi. (1/10578)

1 Electrical stimulation with trains of 0.1-0.2 ms pulses of the cat isolated sphincter of Oddi inhibited the spontaneous contractile activity and lowered base-line tension considerably. A contraction usually followed the period of stimulation. 2 These inhibitory effects were prevented by tetrodotoxin 0.1-0.5 mug/ml but were not reduced by hexamethonilm, morphine, or blockade of alpha- or beta-adrenoreceptors of cholinoceptors with phenoxy-benzamine propranolol or atropine, respectively. 3 Adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine-5'-diphosphate (ADP) inhibited the spontaneous sphincter activity and caused relaxation thus mimicking the effects of the C-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin (C8-CCK), isoprenaline and prostaglandin E1 and E2. 4 ATP alone (greater than 100 mug/ml) or ATP (greater than 10 mug/ml) plus dipyridamole (1 mug/ml), relaxed the sphincter to the same degrees as did the field stimulation. 5 In sphincter maximally contracted by acetylcholine, the effect of stimulation was more marked than that recorded in uncontracted preparations. 6 The present findings suggest that the sphincter of Oddi receives inhibitory nerves that are neither cholinergic nor adrenergic.  (+info)

Effect of morphine and naloxone on priming-induced audiogenic seizures in BALB/c mice. (2/10578)

1 Morphine (1-200 mg/kg s.c.) reduced the incidence and prolonged the latency of priming-induced audiogenic siezures in a dose-dependent manner. 2 This effect was reversed by naloxone (1 and 2 mg/kg) although naloxone was itself inactive. 3 This priming-induces seizure model may be useful in the study of tolerance and physical dependence.  (+info)

Carcinogenicity of triethanolamine in mice and its mutagenicity after reaction with sodium nitrite in bacteria. (3/10578)

Mice fed a diet containing 0.3 or 0.03% triethanolamine developed malignant tumors. Females showed a high incidence of tumors in lymphoid tissues, while this type was absent in males. Tumors in other tissues were produced at a considerable rate in both sexes, but no hepatoma was found. Triethanolamine was not mutagenic to Bacillus subtilis by itself, but it became mutagenic after reacting with sodium nitrite under acidic conditions or when the mixture was heated. Although N-nitrosodiethanolamine, a known carcinogen and mutagen, was detected in the reaction mixture by thin-layer chromatography, it may not be the main mutagenic product, because the product was a stable and direct mutagen and its mutagenic activity was destroyed by liver enzymes, unlike N-nitrosodiethanolamine. The lethal and mutagenic DNA damages produced by this unidentified product were susceptible to some extent to the repair functions of the bacteria.  (+info)

Determination of pyrolysis products of smoked methamphetamine mixed with tobacco by tandem mass spectrometry. (4/10578)

This study examines the pyrolysis products of smoked methamphetamine mixed with tobacco that was trapped with a C8 adsorbent cartridge and then detected by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. According to the results, the mainstream smoke contains 2-methylpropyl-benzene, 2-chloropropyl-benzene, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one, 3-ethyl-phenol, methamphetamine, dimethylamphetamine, hydroquinone, 3-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-methylcarbamate phenol, N-methyl-N-(2-phenylethyl)-acetamide, 4-(3-hydroxy-1-butenyl)-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-one, propanoic acid, N-acetylmethamphetamine, phenyl ester, and furfurylmethylamphetamine. In addition, the compounds in sidestream smoke are 2-propenyl benzene, phenylacetone, methamphetamine, dimethylamphetamine, benzyl methyl ketoxime, 3,4-dihydro-2-naphthalenone, N-folmyamphetamine, N-acetylamphetamine, bibenzyl, N-folmylmethamphetamine, N-acetylmethamphetamine, N-propionymethamphetamine, and furfurylmethylamphetamine. Moreover, the presence of methamphetamine promotes the oxidation of the tobacco components.  (+info)

Distinct and combined vascular effects of ACE blockade and HMG-CoA reductase inhibition in hypertensive subjects. (5/10578)

Hypercholesterolemia and hypertension are frequently associated with elevated sympathetic activity. Both are independent cardiovascular risk factors and both affect endothelium-mediated vasodilation. To identify the effects of cholesterol-lowering and antihypertensive treatments on vascular reactivity and vasodilative capacity, we studied 30 hypercholesterolemic hypertensive subjects. They received placebo for 4 weeks, either enalapril or simvastatin for 14 weeks, and, finally, both medications for an additional 14 weeks. Postischemic forearm blood flow (MFBF) and minimal vascular resistance (mFVR) were used as indices of vasodilative capacity and structural vascular damage, respectively. Total (resting-stress-recovery phases) cardiovascular (blood pressure [BP] and heart rate [HR]) and regional hemodynamic (FBF and FVR) reactivity to stressful stimuli were calculated as area-under-the-curve (auc) (valuextime). Compared with baseline levels, simvastatin reduced total (TOT-C) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) (1.27 mmol/L, P<0.001 and 1.33 mmol/L, P<0.001, respectively). Enalapril also reduced TOT-C and LDL-C (0.6 mmol/L, P<0.001 and 0.58 mmol/L, P<0.05, respectively). MFBF was increased substantially by both treatments (P<0.001). Enalapril had a greater effect (-1.7 arbitrary units (AU), P<0.001) than simvastatin (-0.6 AU, P<0.05) on mFVR. During stress, FBF increased more with enalapril (4.4 FBFxminutes, P<0.001) than with simvastatin (1.8 FBFxminutes, P<0.01). Conversely, FVR stress response was reduced more with enalapril (9.1 FVRxminutes, P<0.001) than with simvastatin (2.9 FVRxminutes, P<0.01). During combination treatment, a significant (0.001>P<0.05) additive effect on hypercholesterolemia, structural vascular damage, BP, and FVR was shown. The findings suggest that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition induces a larger reduction than HMG-CoA reductase blockade in vascular reactivity and structural damage in hypercholesterolemic hypertensive subjects.  (+info)

Ergoline derivative LEK-8829-induced turning behavior in rats with unilateral striatal ibotenic acid lesions: interaction with bromocriptine. (6/10578)

LEK-8829 [9,10-didehydro-N-methyl-(2-propynyl)-6-methyl-8- aminomethylergoline bimaleinate] is an antagonist of dopamine D2 receptors and serotonin (5-HT)2 and 5-HT1A receptors in intact animals and a D1 receptor agonist in dopamine-depleted animals. In the present study, we used rats with unilateral striatal lesions with ibotenic acid (IA) to investigate the dopamine receptor activities of LEK-8829 in a model with innervated dopamine receptors. The IA-lesioned rats circled ipsilaterally when challenged with apomorphine, the mixed agonist on D1/D2 receptors. LEK-8829 induced a dose-dependent contralateral turning that was blocked by D1 receptor antagonist SCH-23390. The treatment with D1 receptor agonist SKF-82958 induced ipsilateral turning, whereas the treatment with D2 receptor antagonist haloperidol induced contralateral posture. The combined treatment with SKF-82958 and haloperidol resulted in a weak contralateral turning, indicating the possible receptor mechanism of contralateral turning induced by LEK-8829. Bromocriptine induced a weak ipsilateral turning that was blocked by haloperidol. The ipsilateral turning induced by bromocriptine was significantly potentiated by the coadministration of a low dose but not by a high dose of LEK-8829. The potentiation of turning was blocked either by SCH-23390 or by haloperidol. The potentiation of ipsilateral turning suggests the costimulation of D2 and D1 receptors by bromocriptine and LEK-8829, respectively, whereas the lack of potentiation by the highest dose of LEK-8829 may be explained by the opposing activity of LEK-8829 and bromocriptine at D2 receptors. We propose that the D2 and 5HT2 receptor-blocking and D1 receptor-stimulating profile of LEK-8829 is promising for the treatment of negative symptoms of schizophrenia.  (+info)

Discriminative stimulus effects of naltrexone after a single dose of morphine in the rat. (7/10578)

The discriminative stimulus effects of an acute morphine (MOR) --> naltrexone (NTX) combination were characterized and compared with the stimulus effects of NTX-precipitated and spontaneous withdrawal from chronic MOR administration. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6-8) were trained to discriminate between two drug treatments in a discrete-trial avoidance/escape procedure: MOR (10 mg./kg, s.c., 4 h) --> NTX (0.3 mg/kg, s.c., 0.25 h) versus saline (SAL, 1 ml/kg, s. c., 4 h) --> NTX (0.3 mg/kg, s.c., 0.25 h). Subjects responded only on the SAL --> NTX-appropriate lever when SAL was given 3.75 h after MOR or 3.75 h before any dose of NTX (0.3-100 mg/kg). Responding was dose dependent and MOR --> NTX-appropriate when NTX (0.01-0.1 mg/kg) followed MOR. Full MOR --> NTX-appropriate responding was dependent on the pretreatment dose and time of MOR, with full effects observed only when MOR (10 mg/kg) was given 3 to 4 h before NTX. While subjects were maintained on either 20- or 40 mg/kg/day of MOR via osmotic pump, NTX produced full dose-dependent, MOR --> NTX-appropriate responding. When the MOR-filled pumps were removed, partial MOR --> NTX-appropriate responding occurred, peaking at 6 to 12 h. The physical withdrawal signs produced by NTX after acute or during chronic MOR exposure were of smaller magnitude compared with the ones that occurred during abrupt withdrawal from chronic MOR. A qualitatively unique "withdrawal" stimulus that is dose- and time-dependent appears to be the basis of this MOR --> NTX discrimination.  (+info)

Issues in the treatment of active tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. (8/10578)

Most HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis can be treated satisfactorily with standard regimens with expectations of good results. Treatment of tuberculosis in these patients has been complicated by the introduction of HAART, which relies on drugs that interfere with the most potent class of antituberculous medications. Rifampin-free regimens or regimens that employ rifabutin may be acceptable strategies for patients who are receiving protease inhibitors, although these regimens have not been rigorously evaluated in patients with AIDS. At present, there is good reason to believe that a 6-month course of a rifabutin-containing regimen or a 9-12-month course of a regimen of streptomycin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide should be adequate therapy for most patients with drug-susceptible disease. As the treatment of HIV infection with antiretroviral agents evolves, the treatment of tuberculosis in patients with AIDS is likely to evolve as well. This will require careful coordination of antituberculosis and antiretroviral therapies.  (+info)

Medicines | Free Full-Text | Studies on Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction Potential of VinpocetineMedicines | Free Full-Text | Studies on Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction Potential of Vinpocetine
Background: Vinpocetine, a semi-synthetic derivative of vincamine, is a popular dietary supplement used for the treatment of several central nervous system related disorders. Despite its wide use, no pharmacokinetic drug interaction studies are reported in the literature. Due to increasing use of dietary supplements in combination with conventional drugs, the risk of adverse effects is on the rise. As a preliminary step to predict a possibility of drug interaction during concomitant use of vinpocetine and conventional drugs, this study was carried out to evaluate the effects of vinpocetine on three main regulators of pharmacokinetic drug interactions namely, cytochromes P450 (CYPs), P-glycoprotein (P-gp), and Pregnane X receptor (PXR). Methods: Inhibition of CYPs was evaluated by employing recombinant enzymes. The inhibition of P-gp was determined by calcein-AM uptake method in transfected and wild type MDCKII cells. Modulation of PXR activity was monitored through a reporter gene assay in HepG2
http://www.mdpi.com/2305-6320/2/2/93
The Prevalence of the Potential Drug-Drug Interactions Involving Anticancer Drugs in China: A Retrospective Study |...The Prevalence of the Potential Drug-Drug Interactions Involving Anticancer Drugs in China: A Retrospective Study |...
Background: To survey the prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between anticancer drugs and non-anticancer drugs and evaluate the risk factors associated with these drug-drug interactions in China. Methods: All discharged patients in the Department of Oncology were collected from Jun to Dec in 2016 with the Hospital Information System of the Chinese peoples Liberation Army General Hospital. Drugs were screened for interactions by Micromedex solutions database. Descriptive statistics were generated and logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors. Results: Among 6578 eligible patients, 1979 potential drug interactions were found in 1830 patients (27.82%). The most common drug-drug interaction was cisplatin and furosemide. Erlotinib was most likely to interact with various non-anticancer drugs. Most interactions were classified as pharmacodynamics (71.60%), major severity (97.02%) and were supported by fair documentation evidence (86.21%). In multivariate ...
http://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16519
Clinically Relevant Pharmacokinetic Drug Interactions With Second-Generation Antidepressants: An Update - PubMedClinically Relevant Pharmacokinetic Drug Interactions With Second-Generation Antidepressants: An Update - PubMed
Second-generation antidepressants are not equivalent in their potential for pharmacokinetic drug interactions. Although interactions may be predictable in specific circumstances, use of an antidepressant with a more favorable drug-interaction profile may be justified.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18691982/
Surveillance of the potential drug-drug interactions in the medicine department of a tertiary care hospital<...Surveillance of the potential drug-drug interactions in the medicine department of a tertiary care hospital<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Surveillance of the potential drug-drug interactions in the medicine department of a tertiary care hospital. AU - Soherwardi, S.. AU - Chogtu, B.. AU - Faizal, P.. N1 - Cited By :4 Export Date: 28 November 2017 Correspondence Address: Chogtu, B.; Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India; email: [email protected] Chemicals/CAS: acetylsalicylic acid, 493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1; atorvastatin, 134523-00-5, 134523-03-8; ciprofloxacin, 85721-33-1; clopidogrel, 113665-84-2, 120202-66-6, 90055-48-4, 94188-84-8; cotrimoxazole, 8064-90-2; digoxin, 20830-75-5, 57285-89-9; furosemide, 54-31-9; gentamicin, 1392-48-9, 1403-66-3, 1405-41-0; insulin, 9004-10-8; iron, 14093-02-8, 53858-86-9, 7439-89-6; lamivudine, 134678-17-4, 134680-32-3; nicotinic acid, 54-86-4, 59-67-6; pantoprazole, 102625-70-7; ramipril, 87333-19-5; spironolactone, 52-01-7; terbutaline, 23031-25-6; theophylline, 58-55-9, 5967-84-0, 8055-07-0, ...
https://manipal.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/surveillance-of-the-potential-drug-drug-interactions-in-the-medic
JMIR mHealth and uHealth - Consumer Mobile Apps for Potential Drug-Drug Interaction Check: Systematic Review and Content...JMIR mHealth and uHealth - Consumer Mobile Apps for Potential Drug-Drug Interaction Check: Systematic Review and Content...
Background: General consumers can now easily access drug information and quickly check for potential drug-drug interactions (PDDIs) through mobile health (mHealth) apps. With aging population in Canada, more people have chronic diseases and comorbidities leading to increasing numbers of medications. The use of mHealth apps for checking PDDIs can be helpful in ensuring patient safety and empowerment. Objective: The aim of this study was to review the characteristics and quality of publicly available mHealth apps that check for PDDIs. Methods: Apple App Store and Google Play were searched to identify apps with PDDI functionality. The apps general and feature characteristics were extracted. The Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) was used to assess the quality. Results: A total of 23 apps were included for the review-12 from Apple App Store and 11 from Google Play. Only 5 of these were paid apps, with an average price of $7.19 CAD. The mean MARS score was 3.23 out of 5 (interquartile range 1.34). The mean MARS
https://mhealth.jmir.org/2018/3/e74/authors
drugsdrugs: Propranolol decrease in blood pressuredrugsdrugs: Propranolol decrease in blood pressure
Drug Interaction Comments Antipsychotic agents Potential pharmacodynamic interaction (additive (e.g., phenothiazines) hypotensive effect), especially with large doses of phenothiazines [a] Chlorpromazine Potential pharmacokinetic interaction (decreased propranolol clearance) [a] Thioridazine Potential pharmacokinetic interaction (decreased Concomitant use contraindicated [310] thioridazine metabolism). [310] Possible increased risk of serious, potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmias (e.g., torsades de pointes) [310] Haloperidol Potential pharmacodynamic interactions (hypotension and cardiac arrest) [a] Fluoxetine Potential pharmacokinetic interaction (decreased Caution recommended with concomitant propranolol metabolism); [272,273] complete heart use and in those with impaired block reported [272,273] cardiac conduction [272] Sympathomimetics Potential pharmacodynamic interaction (antagonism of Administer epinephrine with caution; β-adrenergic stimulating effects). [a] Very large decreased pulse ...
http://selfstudydrugs.blogspot.com/2010/06/propranolol-decrease-in-blood-pressure.html
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Warns of Newly Discovered Potential Drug Interaction That May Reduce Effectiveness of a...Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Warns of Newly Discovered Potential Drug Interaction That May Reduce Effectiveness of a...
Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction Study of Dapagliflozin and Valsartan or Simvastatin in Healthy Subjects - No Study Results...Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction Study of Dapagliflozin and Valsartan or Simvastatin in Healthy Subjects - No Study Results...
The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/results/NCT00839683
SciELO - Public Health - Potential and clinical relevant drug-drug interactions among elderly from nursing homes: a multicentre...SciELO - Public Health - Potential and clinical relevant drug-drug interactions among elderly from nursing homes: a multicentre...
8. Secoli SR, Figueras A, Lebrao ML, Lima FD, Santos JL. Risk of potential drug-drug interactions among Brazilian elderly: a population-based, cross-sectional study. Drugs Aging 2010; 27(9):759-770.-99. Liao HL, Chen JT, Ma TC, Chang YS. Analysis of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in nursing homes in Central Taiwan. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2008; 47(1):99-107.,1818. Iniesta-Navalón C, Urbieta-Sanz E, Gascón-Cánovas JJ. Analysis of the drug interactions associated to domiciliary drug therapy in elderly hospitalized patients. Rev Clin Esp 2011; 211(7):344-351.. In our study, the presence of pDDIs is significantly associated with multiple disorders, a finding that correlates with the data in the literature11. Galindo-Ocaña J, Gil-Navarro MV, García-Morillo JS, Bernabeu-Wittel M, Ollero-Baturone M, Ortiz-Camuñez MA. Drug-drug interactions in multicentre polypathological polymedicated patients. Rev Clin Esp 2010; 210(6):270-278.,88. Secoli SR, Figueras A, Lebrao ML, Lima FD, Santos JL. Risk of ...
https://scielosp.org/article/csc/2019.v24n5/1895-1902/
International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine - Volume 29, issue 1-2 - Journals - IOS PressInternational Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine - Volume 29, issue 1-2 - Journals - IOS Press
Authors: Priyanka, Poka Siva Sai Lakshmi , Varma, Danturulu Muralidhar , Immadisetti, Kavyasri , Rajesh, Radhakrishnan , Vidyasagar, Sudha , Guddattu, Vasudeva Article Type: Research Article Abstract: BACKGROUND: Greatest challenges for clinician is to recognize risk factors for clinically significant drug interactions (CSDIs). There is a lack of awareness about CSDIs among healthcare professionals in India. OBJECTIVE: To recognize all possible risk factors for drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and to identify clinically significant drug interactions (CSDIs), the prevalence, pattern of occurrence of DDIs in People Living with HIV (PLW-HIV) receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and concomitant medications. METHODS: A retrospective medical record review was carried out by clinical pharmacist with ethics committee approval. Case files of HIV patients receiving HAART with concomitant medications …were analyzed for CSDIs using University of Liverpool drug interaction database and CSDIs ...
https://content.iospress.com/journals/international-journal-of-risk-and-safety-in-medicine/29/1-2
Frestedt Inc. applauds FDAs new Draft Guidance on Drug Interaction Studies with Combined Oral Contraceptives - Frestedt...Frestedt Inc. applauds FDAs new Draft Guidance on Drug Interaction Studies with Combined Oral Contraceptives - Frestedt...
November 20, 2020 St Louis Park, MN The FDA has issued a new Draft Guidance for Industry Clinical Drug Interaction Studies With Combined Oral Contraceptives which can be found on the FDA website at: https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/clinical-drug-interaction-studies-combined-oral-contraceptives-guidance-industry. This document discusses the need for drug-drug interaction (DDI) studies with combined oral contraceptives (COCs) containing an estrogen and a progestin when used to prevent pregnancy. The FDA reports COCs are highly effective in preventing pregnancy when used correctly. Unfortunately, interactions between COCs and other drugs may increase pregnancy risk or compromise patient safety by changing estrogen or progestin metabolism. For example, this guidance states increased estrogen and/or progestin levels can increase the risk of blood clots in veins which is a rare but serious adverse event. Women of childbearing age often use COCs and other ...
https://frestedt.com/2020/11/24/frestedt-inc-applauds-fdas-new-draft-guidance-on-drug-interaction-studies-with-combined-oral-contraceptives/
Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction between Carvedilol and Ticlopidine in RatsPharmacokinetic Drug Interaction between Carvedilol and Ticlopidine in Rats
This study was designed to investigate the effects of ticlopidine on the pharmacokinetics of carvedilol after oral or intravenous administration of carvedilol in rats. Carvedilol was administered orally (3 mg/kg) or intravenously (1 mg/kg) without or with oral administration of ticlopidine (4, 12 mg...
http://www.ndsl.kr/ndsl/search/detail/article/articleSearchResultDetail.do?cn=JAKO201022262412746
Download Clinical Pharmacokinetic And Pharmacodynamic Drug Interactions Associated With AntimalarialsDownload Clinical Pharmacokinetic And Pharmacodynamic Drug Interactions Associated With Antimalarials
This had despite Third download clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug interactions associated with antimalarials during the time to expose the everyone. There may make furnished a download clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic of groups that were to the favor does we was in problematical Event Participants, searching our address to not address the trading and language of the programs and to only color that they should qualify managed to the Completion insights. For nonlinear download clinical pharmacokinetic and, the tune to offer long-term general lectures may give created to the further exchanges that tens targeted when missing Malia changes that was the notice &, definitely with volume to complex pages.
http://templartitan.com/intel-portal2/book/download-clinical-pharmacokinetic-and-pharmacodynamic-drug-interactions-associated-with-antimalarials.htm
VX-950-TiDP24-C124: A Phase I Trial to Investigate the Potential Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Telaprevir and Darunavir...VX-950-TiDP24-C124: A Phase I Trial to Investigate the Potential Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Telaprevir and Darunavir...
This is a Phase I, open-label, randomized (patients are assigned different treatments based on chance), 2-way crossover trial in 2 panels of healthy subjects to investigate the effect of steady-state darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/rtv) 600/100 mg b.i.d. (twice a day) or fosamprenavir/ritonavir (fAPV/rtv) 700/100 mg b.i.d. on the steady state pharmacokinetics (study of the bodily absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs) of telaprevir 750 mg q 8h and 1125 mg q12h, and vice versa.Telaprevir is being investigated for the treatment of HCV infection.The trial will enroll 40 subjects, divided over 2 panels of 20 subjects each. Subjects in Panel 1 will receive Treatments A and B, and subjects in Panel 2 will receive Treatments C and D, in a randomized order. In both panels, treatments will be separated by a washout period of at least 13 days. In Panel 1, Treatment A, subjects will receive telaprevir 750 mg q8h on Days 1 to 10, and telaprevir 1125 mg q12h on Days 11 to 13 with a morning ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00775125?order=519
Adverse Drug Interactions: A Handbook for Prescribers, Second Edition 2nd Edition - SkuDra.NetAdverse Drug Interactions: A Handbook for Prescribers, Second Edition 2nd Edition - SkuDra.Net
Adverse Drug Interactions: A Handbook for Prescribers assists clinicians by providing key information on potential adverse effects that can result from prescribing two or more drugs for simultaneous use.. Interactions that are likely to give rise to life-threatening conditions, and which must therefore be completely avoided, are clearly highlighted. Less threatening but nonetheless important interactions necessitating practical measures, such as frequent monitoring and advice to patients, are also discussed.. Presented in a user-friendly format, the book is organised by drug class and provides a brief summary of the mechanism underlying a particular interaction, alternative drugs lacking the same reactions that may be considered, and instructions for monitoring patients when adverse effects occur.. All interactions listed in the previous edition have been reviewed and updated using the latest information available. The clinical reality of the widespread use of potent medicines, whether ...
https://www.skudra.net/2017/02/17/adverse-drug-interactions-a-handbook-for-prescribers-second-edition-2nd-edition.html
Hospitalized Adults: Respiratory Tract Infections: Tuberculosis | Infectious Diseases Management Program at UCSFHospitalized Adults: Respiratory Tract Infections: Tuberculosis | Infectious Diseases Management Program at UCSF
ID consultation is recommended.. Notify the SF Department of Public Health Tuberculosis Control at 415-206-8524 within one working day.. Guidelines for hospital discharge and follow-up and other resources at: http://www.sftbc.org/. Rifampin has numerous clinically significant drug interactions. Medication lists should be reviewed for potential drug-drug interactions with rifampin.. ...
http://idmp.ucsf.edu/hospitalized-adults-respiratory-tract-infections-tuberculosis
Information needs for making clinical recommendations about potential drug-drug interactions: a synthesis of literature review...Information needs for making clinical recommendations about potential drug-drug interactions: a synthesis of literature review...
Our review of 92 papers and interviews with ten domain experts provides a preliminary catalog of the types of information that are needed to interpret the importance of a PDDI. Although basic information on the drugs involved and the nature of the potential interaction are obvious starting points, more detail is needed to interpret the clinical importance of a PDDI. Contextual information, such as patient-specific risk factors and the likelihood of occurrence of a serious adverse event, is critical to guide useful recommendations. The quality, strength, relevance, and source of the evidence about an interaction matter as well: evidence from large clinical trials involving patients may be given more credence than in vitro experiments or data from animal studies.. Although many similar themes were identified both in the reviewed literature and in our interviews, the latter provided valuable insight into the process of interpreting evidence for PDDIs (Fig. 2). Experts described personalized and ...
https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12911-017-0419-3
Antiretroviral prescriptions with potential drug-drug interactions from general practitioners and specialistsAntiretroviral prescriptions with potential drug-drug interactions from general practitioners and specialists
IVPhD Pharmacology. Department of Pharmacology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban To the Editor: It has been estimated that globally about 38.6 million people were infected with HIV by 2005,1 with about 5 million of them living in South Africa (SA). The World Health Organization estimated that 4.7 million people living in sub-Saharan Africa urgently needed antiretroviral therapy (ART). In that year SA implemented prescribed minimum benefits (PMBs) for HIV/AIDS in the private health care sector.2 Despite the increased availability and affordability of ART in SA, only 60 000 people were receiving ART through medical aid schemes by mid-2005.3 Antiretrovirals (ARVs) have transformed HIV/AIDS into a chronic disorder that can be managed effectively. The right of all HIVinfected adults and children to receive standard care is endorsed by the SA HIV Clinicians Society (SAHIVCS),4 with ART guidelines recommending different combinations. The rapid approval of new drugs resulted in an increased risk of ...
http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0256-95742011000500019&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en
Higher Risk of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Toronto HIV Patients Over 60Higher Risk of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Toronto HIV Patients Over 60
The 60-and-over group took certain types of drugs significantly more often than younger people: drugs for gastrointestinal problems (63% versus 38%, P < 0.01), drugs for cardiovascular disease (55% versus 24%, P < 0.0001), anticoagulants or antiplatelets (18% versus 7%, P = 0.01), systemic hormonal agents (16% versus 5%, P = 0.01), musculoskeletal agents (24% versus 9%, P < 0.01), and narcotics or analgesics (39% versus 17%, P < 0.001). Anticonvulsant therapy was more frequent in the older group (16% versus 7%, P = 0.06), but older people took psychotropic agents at virtually the same rate as younger people (34% versus 30 ...
http://www.natap.org/2010/AGE/AGE_04.htm
Drug Interaction Checker | Stony Brook MedicineDrug Interaction Checker | Stony Brook Medicine
Drug interactions can result in unwanted side effects, reduce the effectiveness of your medicine or possibly increase the action of a particular medicine. Our Drug Interactions Report can help you determine if the drugs you are taking have any adverse interactions with each other, with over the counter drugs or with your favorite herbals and vitamins.. Search medications for potential drug interaction by entering either the Generic or Brand Name; example Acetaminophen or Tylenol®. ...
https://stonybrookmedicine.staywellsolutionsonline.com/Library/DrugReference/DrugInteraction/
Drug Interaction CheckerDrug Interaction Checker
Drug interactions can result in unwanted side effects, reduce the effectiveness of your medicine or possibly increase the action of a particular medicine. Our Drug Interactions Report can help you determine if the drugs you are taking have any adverse interactions with each other, with over the counter drugs or with your favorite herbals and vitamins.. Search medications for potential drug interaction by entering either the Generic or Brand Name; example Acetaminophen or Tylenol®.. ...
http://healthlibrary.bvhealthsystem.org/Library/DrugReference/DrugInteraction/
Drug Interaction CheckerDrug Interaction Checker
Drug interactions can result in unwanted side effects, reduce the effectiveness of your medicine or possibly increase the action of a particular medicine. Our Drug Interactions Report can help you determine if the drugs you are taking have any adverse interactions with each other, with over the counter drugs or with your favorite herbals and vitamins.. Search medications for potential drug interaction by entering either the Generic or Brand Name; example Acetaminophen or Tylenol®. ...
http://healthsource.sw.org/Library/DrugReference/DrugInteraction/
Drug Interaction CheckerDrug Interaction Checker
Drug interactions can result in unwanted side effects, reduce the effectiveness of your medicine or possibly increase the action of a particular medicine. Our Drug Interactions Report can help you determine if the drugs you are taking have any adverse interactions with each other, with over the counter drugs or with your favorite herbals and vitamins.. Search medications for potential drug interaction by entering either the Generic or Brand Name; example Acetaminophen or Tylenol®.. ...
https://baptisthealthsfl.staywellsolutionsonline.com/Library/DrugReference/DrugInteraction/
Drug Interaction CheckerDrug Interaction Checker
Drug interactions can result in unwanted side effects, reduce the effectiveness of your medicine or possibly increase the action of a particular medicine. Our Drug Interactions Report can help you determine if the drugs you are taking have any adverse interactions with each other, with over the counter drugs or with your favorite herbals and vitamins.. Search medications for potential drug interaction by entering either the Generic or Brand Name; example Acetaminophen or Tylenol®.. ...
http://universityhospitals.staywellsolutionsonline.com/DrugInteraction/
Ritonavir, Efavirenz, and Nelfinavir Inhibit CYP2B6 Activity in Vitro: Potential Drug Interactions with Bupropion | Drug...Ritonavir, Efavirenz, and Nelfinavir Inhibit CYP2B6 Activity in Vitro: Potential Drug Interactions with Bupropion | Drug...
Thank you for sharing this Drug Metabolism & Disposition article.. NOTE: We request your email address only to inform the recipient that it was you who recommended this article, and that it is not junk mail. We do not retain these email addresses.. ...
https://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/29/2/100/tab-e-letters
TramadolBuy - Gravatar ProfileTramadolBuy - Gravatar Profile
In opioid-tolerant patients, with ultram. Analgesia in humans, since exceeding these recommendations can result in significant drug interactions get a grip on rheumatoid arthritis slideshow take the ra quiz joint-friendly drug test tramadol exercises slideshow indications ultram er. -the er products should not be used in analgesia, ultram administration, the weight of tramadol decreased 28% and 16%, respectively, following a dose increase of 30% in order to achieve the same concentration at which it blocked the reuptake or tramadol a induce these enzymes will likely interact! Both tramadol and m1 (b) plasma concentrations of tramadol rx tramadol immediate-release (ir) products, including seizure tramadol food and all tramadol pills serotonin in vitro drug interaction studies in human liver microsomes indicate that tramadol was not teratogenic at these dose tramadol similar to levels up tramadol uses in humans to 150 mg/day n =59 13-days to 150 tramadol overdose buy cheap tramadol mg/kg/day ...
https://en.gravatar.com/tramadolnow
OPUS at UTS: Analysis of drug interactions at the end of life. - Open Publications of UTS ScholarsOPUS at UTS: Analysis of drug interactions at the end of life. - Open Publications of UTS Scholars
As death approaches, patients are at their most frail, but an increasing symptom burden often necessitates an increase in medications, putting them at higher risk for drug-drug interactions.To assess the potential for drug-drug interactions in routine prescribing at the end of life.An Australian retrospective multicentre case-note review of 266 consecutive adult patients who were referred to specialist palliative care, with data available on 166. Medications used in the last 2 weeks of life were screened for potential interactions using the Stockleys Drug Interactions software.The mean number of medications prescribed was 10.8, median 9 (IQR 6-14); all patients received at least one medication. In this study, 72% of patients were at risk of 1 or more potential drug-drug interaction. The mean number of potential interactions was 4.4, with a median of 2.5 (IQR 0-7) per patient. There were only 4/166 (2.4%) prescribed medications with an associated clinical record of an adverse drug ...
https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/handle/10453/118503
Potential Drug Interactions with GrapefruitPotential Drug Interactions with Grapefruit
We no longer support this version of your browser. We recommend that you upgrade to the latest version of Internet Explorer, Firefox, Chrome or Safari to improve your security and experience using this website. ...
https://hospital-pharmacist.therapeuticresearch.com/Content/Segments/PRL/2013/Jan/Potential-Drug-Interactions-with-Grapefruit-5165
Possible drug interactions for Methadone - Addiction: Substance Abuse - MedHelpPossible drug interactions for Methadone - Addiction: Substance Abuse - MedHelp
I was severely injured at work over 2 years ago. I have been taking Paxil for depression and was also recently switched from morphine to Methadone for pain treatment. I read on the Internet that Paxi...
https://www.medhelp.org/posts/Addiction-Substance-Abuse/Possible-drug-interactions-for-Methadone/show/43478
Drug Interactions of Medications Commonly Used in Diabetes | Diabetes SpectrumDrug Interactions of Medications Commonly Used in Diabetes | Diabetes Spectrum
Short-acting secretagogues. Nateglinide, which is metabolized by CYP2C9 (70%) and CYP3A4 (30%), could be affected by strong inhibitors/inducers of CYP2C9, but significant drug-drug interactions have not been reported. Repaglinide is metabolized by the CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 isozyme systems and then extensively glucuronidated. A serious drug-drug interaction may occur with gemfibrozil, which is used for triglyceride lowering. This is likely caused by gemfibrozils inhibition of CYP2C8 and glucuronidation. In vivo, gemfibrozil increases the total exposure of repaglinide eightfold.21 Several reports of severe, prolonged hypoglycemia have been documented with the combination.22 Strong inhibitors of CYP3A4, such as azole antifungal agents and erythromycin derivatives, may also enhance the hypoglycemic effect of repaglinide. Drugs that are inducers of CYP2C8/3A4 may reduce the efficacy of repaglinide, and a higher dose of repaglinide may be necessary23 (Table 2).. The main drug-disease interaction of ...
http://spectrum.diabetesjournals.org/content/19/4/202.full
5-HTP Possible Drug Interactions5-HTP Possible Drug Interactions
Get tips on using 5-HTP supplements once you talk with your doctor about them. Here's a partial list of possible drug-herb interactions.
https://www.verywell.com/hydroxytryptophan-5-htp-possible-drug-interactions-89172
Prevacid.. possible drug interaction? Or...Prevacid.. possible drug interaction? Or...
First off, Ive been taking Prevacid since the 9th of this month. I have yet to see the doctor, because there are no openings. However, based on my sy...
https://www.healingwell.com/community/default.aspx?f=45&m=786043
NNRTI Drug Interactions | Drug-Drug Interactions | Adult and Adolescent ARV | AIDSinfoNNRTI Drug Interactions | Drug-Drug Interactions | Adult and Adolescent ARV | AIDSinfo
Table 18b. Drug Interactions Between Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors and Other Drugs. This table provides information relating to PK interactions between NNRTIs and non-ARV drugs. For interactions between ARV agents and for dosing recommendations, refer to Tables 18c, 19a, and 19b. Recommendations for managing a particular drug interaction may differ depending on whether a new ARV drug is being initiated in a patient on a stable concomitant medication or if a new concomitant medication is being initiated in a patient on a stable ARV regimen. The magnitude and significance of drug interactions are difficult to predict when several drugs with competing metabolic pathways are prescribed concomitantly. Note: Delavirdine (DLV) is not included in this table. Please refer to the DLV Food and Drug Administration package insert for information regarding drug interactions. ...
https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines/html/1/adult-and-adolescent-arv-guidelines/285/nnrti-drug-interactions
Guide on Drug interactions of Xenical pillGuide on Drug interactions of Xenical pill
Xenical is relatively safe to take when you follow the dosage guidelines, which includes looking out for possible drug interactions. The drug works brilliantly
http://www.exlpharmacy.com/guide-on-drug-interactions-of-xenical-pill/
Relypsa Announces Publication of Results of Veltassa Drug-Drug Interaction Studies in Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology...Relypsa Announces Publication of Results of Veltassa Drug-Drug Interaction Studies in Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology...
REDWOOD CITY, Calif., Feb. 13, 2017 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Relypsa, Inc., a Vifor Pharma company, today announced that results of drug-drug interaction studies of Veltassa® (patiromer) for oral suspension were published online by the Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Results from 12 individual Phase 1 studies in healthy volunteers of 12 oral medications showed there were no clinically meaningful or statistically significant interactions between Veltassa and the 12 oral medications when taken at least three hours apart. Relypsa previously announced these findings in January 2016. These Phase 1 studies in healthy volunteers were rigorously designed to maximize the probability of identifying drug-drug interactions with Veltassa if they were to occur, said Lawrence J. Lesko, Ph.D., lead author of the publication, and Professor and Director of the Center for Pharmacometrics and Systems Pharmacology at the University of Florida College of Pharmacy in Orlando, Fla. We believe ...
http://globenewswire.com/news-release/2017/02/13/916681/0/en/Relypsa-Announces-Publication-of-Results-of-Veltassa-Drug-Drug-Interaction-Studies-in-Journal-of-Cardiovascular-Pharmacology-and-Therapeutics.html?parent=962366
Insights into Drug-Related Interactions in Older Adults - The RheumatologistInsights into Drug-Related Interactions in Older Adults - The Rheumatologist
Outcome factors were potential drug-disease and drug-drug interactions identified by using particular criteria from various sources, as well as self-reported non-prescription and prescription drug use. Explicit criteria for 70 potential drug-drug interactions developed by geriatric experts and reactions found to be a cause for drug-related hospitalizations were used.. The findings showed that 34% of patients (34.1%) had at least one interaction, while 25.1% had at least one drug-drug interaction. Also, 10.7% of patients who had a drug-drug interaction involved a non-prescription drug. Sixteen percent of patients had a potential drug-disease interaction, with at least 37% of those reactions involving a non-prescription drug.. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and anti-hypertensive agents were the most common drug-drug interaction. Aspirin/NSAID use in patients with a history of peptic ulcer disease without the use of gastro-protection (4.3%) was the most common drug-disease ...
http://www.the-rheumatologist.org/article/insights-drug-related-interactions-older-adults/
Trileptal 300 zamiennikTrileptal 300 zamiennik
Investigation of terbinafine as a CYP2D6 inhibitor in vivo. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2007;63(2):159-63. Prolonged pharmacokinetic drug interaction between terbinafine and amitriptyline. Desipramine pharmacokinetics when coadministered with paroxetine or sertraline in extensive metabolizers. Decreased plasma levels of amitriptyline and its metabolites on comedication with an extract from St. Am J Med Sci 2004; 327: 109-11. Ther Drug Monit 2005;27:680-2 DosetilpasningAnslagsvis 50-70% reduksjon av amitriptylin mens terbinafinbehandlingen pågår. Skjelbo EF, Brøsen K. Johns wort. Bivirkninger. trileptal 300 zamiennik Drug trileptal 300 zamiennik Metab Dispos 1999;27:770-5 Castberg I, et al. No Klinisk konsekvensØkt serumkonsentrasjon av trisykliske antidepressiva (inntil trileptal 300 zamiennik 2-4 ganger i interaksjonsstudier med tertiære aminer som klokmipramin og amitriptylin, trolig langt mindre økning for sekundære aminer som nortriptylin), økt risiko tamiflu zamiennik for bivirkninger. ...
http://krosnoodrzanskie.pl/trileptal-300-zamiennik
A study evaluating drug drug interactions between cobicistat-boosted elvitegravir and darunavir in HIV-infected patients. -...A study evaluating drug drug interactions between cobicistat-boosted elvitegravir and darunavir in HIV-infected patients. -...
The purpose of this study is to evaluate if there are significant drug-drug interactions between cobicistat-boosted elvitegravir and 800mg darunavir once daily
http://adisinsight.springer.com/trials/700280109?error=cookies_not_supported&code=d8333f31-2db6-47c1-8373-a683797adecb
The effect of comedication with conventional synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs on TNF inhibitor drug survival in...The effect of comedication with conventional synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs on TNF inhibitor drug survival in...
While there has been some indication that csDMARDs comedication with TNFi is of no additional value in AS,16 ,18-21 this is not a question that has been extensively studied. Keeping in mind that the effect of comedication is of unequivocal importance in RA and that there also is some evidence supporting a benefit in PsA,5 ,7 we set out to study this question in AS and uSpA. When adjusting for potential confounders we found a statistically significant beneficial effect of csDMARD comedication on TNFi drug survival both in AS and in uSpA. The effect was more pronounced in AS (HR 0.71) compared with uSpA (HR 0.82), and present both for MTX and other csDMARDs in AS, while in the uSpA group we could only find an effect for MTX. Due to missing data we chose to adjust for measures of disease activity in separate models (table 3), in which the association with csDMARD comedication remained stable or tended to be strengthened.. Although the available data are limited, the efficacy of csDMARDs in axial ...
https://ard.bmj.com/content/74/6/970
cytochrome p450 inducers and inhibitors table usmlecytochrome p450 inducers and inhibitors table usmle
Little is known about the interactions between oxycodone and other drugs, herbals and nutritional substances. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. 1:43. Abstract: Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) is one of the most abundant CYP enzymes in the human liver. 18. ... Cytochrome P450 3A4: Substrates, inhibitors, and inducers. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Effects of cytochrome P450 inhibitors and inducers on the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of ospemifene. CYP1A1. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. One of my favorite new apps on my Android phone is made by Pendragon Entertainment: USMLE . Drugs that may alter Gleevec plasma concentrations (Long List) also see: CYTOCHROME P450 DRUG INTERACTION TABLE. CYP450 enzymes can be inhibited or induced by some drugs, resulting in significant drug interactions that can cause unanticipated adverse reactions or therapeutic failures. It is principally metabolized in ...
http://bhamgenerators.com/journey-girl-fmucd/27a620-cytochrome-p450-inducers-and-inhibitors-table-usmle
Metabolism<...Metabolism<...
Metabolism is the enzymatic modification of drugs and other xenobiotics, usually to increase clearance. It is a determinant of oral bioavailability, clearance, and half-life in vivo. Metabolism occurs predominantly in the liver and may also occur in the intestine or other organs.. Evaluation of an NMEs drug-drug interaction potential is an integral part of drug development and regulatory review prior to market approval. Many metabolic routes of elimination, including most of those occurring through the cytochrome P450 family of enzymes, can be inhibited or induced by concomitant drug treatment. An NME must be characterized both in terms of the enzymatic pathway(s) by which it is metabolized and in terms of the effects it may have on the metabolism of other drugs. If positive, the latter is an example of a pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction.. Observed changes arising from metabolic drug-drug interactions can be substantial - an order of magnitude or more decrease or increase in the blood or ...
https://www.absorption.com/services/small-molecule/metabolism/
Plus itPlus it
Although many of the clinically significant drug interactions of the anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors (PIs) can be explained by their propensity to inactivate CYP3A enzymes, paradoxically these drugs cause (or lack) interactions with CYP3A substrates that cannot be explained by this mechanism (e.g., alprazolam). To better understand these paradoxical interactions (or lack thereof), we determined the cytochromes P450 and transporters induced by various concentrations (0-25 μM) of two PIs, ritonavir and nelfinavir, and rifampin (positive control) in primary human hepatocytes. At 10 μM, ritonavir and nelfinavir suppressed CYP3A4 activity but induced its transcripts and protein expression (19- and 12- and 12- and 6-fold, respectively; a ,2-fold change over control was interpreted as induction). At 10 μM, rifampin induced CYP3A4 transcripts, CYP3A protein, and activity by 23-, 12-, and 13-fold, respectively. The induction by rifampin of CYP3A activity was significantly ...
https://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/35/10/1853
Combination therapy in epilepsy: When and what to use<...Combination therapy in epilepsy: When and what to use<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Combination therapy in epilepsy. T2 - When and what to use. AU - Kwan, Patrick. AU - Brodie, Martin J.. PY - 2006/10/23. Y1 - 2006/10/23. N2 - After being regarded as a last resort for over two decades, the role of combination therapy as a treatment strategy for epilepsy is undergoing reevaluation. This is a result of the growing appreciation that all seizures cannot be controlled by monotherapy in a substantial proportion of patients, and of the development of a range of modern antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), some of which are better tolerated and less prone to complex pharmacokinetic drug interactions than their older counterparts. Robust evidence to guide clinicians on when and how to combine AEDs is lacking, and current practice recommendations are largely empirical. Monotherapy should remain the treatment of choice for newly diagnosed epilepsy. A combination of two AEDs can be considered after failure, resulting from lack of efficacy, of one or two different monotherapy ...
https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/combination-therapy-in-epilepsy-when-and-what-to-use
Drug Interaction Facts 2014 The Authority on Drug Interactions : Teensexmovs baffy teenmegaworldDrug Interaction Facts 2014 The Authority on Drug Interactions : Teensexmovs baffy teenmegaworld
Includes information about clinical trials, latest news, drug interactions, and a pill identifier.. Very quick and dirty reference with ample literature to back up their recommendations.Reviewed by a panel of physicians, pharmacologists, and clinical pharmacists,.I had a hard time understanding it, gave it to a nurse friend.Drug Interaction Facts 2014 The Authority On Drug Interactions Document about Drug Interaction Facts 2014 The Authority On Drug Interactions is available on print and digital edition.Drug Interaction Facts 2013: The Authority on Drug Interactions by David S. Tatro. our price 5,124, Save Rs. 1,543. Buy Drug Interaction Facts 2013: The Authority on.. August 19, 2014 Page 3of 18 Signatory Authority Review Template. be achieved with significant drug-drug interactions.Learn about Palladone (Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Extended-release Capsules) may treat, uses, dosage, side effects, drug interactions, warnings, patient labeling.Drug Interaction Facts 2011the Authority On Drug ...
http://workfromhometypingjobs.tk/naqe/drug-interaction-facts-2014-the-authority-on-drug-interactions-2349.php
Organochlorine pesticide residues in Mothers milk; evaluation of possible Drug interaction in humansOrganochlorine pesticide residues in Mothers milk; evaluation of possible Drug interaction in humans
The aim of the study was to investigate exposure levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in mothers milk and in selected staple foods. The study also aimed to evaluated effects of 1,1,1-trochloro-2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) on paracetamol half-life in highly exposed and least exposed breast-feeding mothers as a way of investigating possible drug interaction. This was an experimental study where milk and food samples from Esigodini, Harare, Kadoma Kariba Nyanga and Mudzi were collected and analysed for OCPs levels using GC-ECD. Evaluation of induction of the hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes by DDT was carried out by pre-treatment of female rats with a single intraperitoneal dose of DDT (0.3 mg/g) body weight. Cytochrome P450 enzyme was quantified by potassium phosphate buffering the microsomal fraction followed by spectral determination of the reduction of cytochrome P450. Blood samples from selected mothers in areas showing results of higher exposure levels to DDT and selected mothers ...
https://zdhr.uz.ac.zw/xmlui/handle/123456789/1055
Analysis of drug use and drug-drug interactions in a total population sample of adults with intellectual disability -...Analysis of drug use and drug-drug interactions in a total population sample of adults with intellectual disability -...
Introduction: Prescribing drugs is the most common intervention in healthcare. People with intellectual disabilities are likely to be prescribed more drugs than other individuals as they experience greater levels of ill‐health. Most available evidence focuses on psychotropic drug prescribing, with an absence of population‐level research on complete prescribing occurrences and potential drug-drug interactions in persons with intellectual disabilities. Methods: A total population sampling approach identified all individuals with intellectual disabilities known to services in Jersey ‐ 217 individuals participated. Prescribed drug data were categorised according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system and potential drug-drug interactions were graded according to severity using Stockleys Drug Interaction Checker. Results: As our analysis is ongoing, we cannot outline firm conclusions at this stage. Nevertheless, our results will; (1) outline the pattern and ...
https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/138477/?template=browse
Mathematical and physical systems biology: application to pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions and tumour growth -...Mathematical and physical systems biology: application to pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions and tumour growth -...
The first part of this research provides a realistic mathematical physiological model of the liver to predict drug drug interactions (DDIs). The model describes the geometry of a lobule (liver unit) and integrates the exchange processes, diffusion and active transport, between the hepatocytes and the blood and possible drug-drug interactions such as; reversible inhibition, mechanistic based inhibition (MBI) and enzyme induction. The liver model is subsequently integrated into a PBPK model with 7 compartments (artery blood, venous blood, gut, liver, kidney, lung, rest of the body). To assess the efficiency of the model to predict DDIs, 77 clinical DDI studies were compared to the model. These 77 clinical studies represent 5 victim drugs (midazolam, simvastatin, triazolam, cerivastatin and nifedipine) and 30 perpetrator drugs. The reversible inhibition, MBI and induction parameters for the majority of the perpetrators were estimated with in vitro experiments and adjusted for the human liver size. ...
http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33719/
Frontiers | A Novel Selective JAK2 Inhibitor Identified Using Pharmacological Interactions | PharmacologyFrontiers | A Novel Selective JAK2 Inhibitor Identified Using Pharmacological Interactions | Pharmacology
The JAK2/STAT signaling pathway mediates cytokine receptor signals that are involved in cell growth, survival and homeostasis. JAK2 is a member of the Janus kinase (JAK) family and aberrant JAK2/STAT is involved with various diseases, making the pathway a therapeutic target. The similarity between the ATP binding site of protein kinases has made development of specific inhibitors difficult. Current JAK2 inhibitors are not selective and produce unwanted side effects. It is thought that increasing selectivity of kinase inhibitors may reduce the side effects seen with current treatment options. Thus, there is a great need for a selective JAK inhibitor. In this study, we identified a JAK2 specific inhibitor. We first identified key pharmacological interactions in the JAK2 binding site by analyzing known JAK2 inhibitors. Then, we performed structure-based virtual screening and filtered compounds based on their pharmacological interactions and identified compound NSC13626 as a potential JAK2 inhibitor.
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2018.01379/full
A quantitative systems pharmacology approach, incorporating a novel liver model, for predicting pharmacokinetic drug-drug...A quantitative systems pharmacology approach, incorporating a novel liver model, for predicting pharmacokinetic drug-drug...
All pharmaceutical companies are required to assess pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions (DDIs) of new chemical entities (NCEs) and mathematical prediction helps to select the best NCE candidate with regard to adverse effects resulting from a DDI before any costly clinical studies. Most current models assume that the liver is a homogeneous organ where the majority of the metabolism occurs. However, the circulatory system of the liver has a complex hierarchical geometry which distributes xenobiotics throughout the organ. Nevertheless, the lobule (liver unit), located at the end of each branch, is composed of many sinusoids where the blood flow can vary and therefore creates heterogeneity (e.g. drug concentration, enzyme level). A liver model was constructed by describing the geometry of a lobule, where the blood velocity increases toward the central vein, and by modeling the exchange mechanisms between the blood and hepatocytes. Moreover, the three major DDI mechanisms of metabolic enzymes; ...
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51258/
Evaluating the disposition of a mixed aldehyde oxidase/cytochrome P450 substrate in rats with attenuated P450 activity<...Evaluating the disposition of a mixed aldehyde oxidase/cytochrome P450 substrate in rats with attenuated P450 activity<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Evaluating the disposition of a mixed aldehyde oxidase/cytochrome P450 substrate in rats with attenuated P450 activity. AU - Crouch, Rachel D.. AU - Morrison, Ryan D.. AU - Byers, Frank W.. AU - Lindsley, Craig W.. AU - Emmitte, Kyle Allen. AU - Daniels, J. Scott. PY - 2016/8/1. Y1 - 2016/8/1. N2 - Marketed drugs cleared by aldehyde oxidase (AO) are few, with no known clinically relevant pharmacokinetic drug interactions associated with AO inhibition, whereas cytochrome P450 (P450) inhibition or induction mediates a number of clinical drug interactions. Little attention has been given to the consequences of coadministering a P450 inhibitor with a compound metabolized by both AO and P450. Upon discovering that VU0409106 (1) was metabolized by AO (to M1) and P450 enzymes (to M4-M6), we sought to evaluate the in vivo disposition of 1 and its metabolites in rats with attenuated P450 activity. Male rats were orally pretreated with the pan-P450 inactivator, 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT), ...
https://experts.unthsc.edu/en/publications/evaluating-the-disposition-of-a-mixed-aldehyde-oxidasecytochrome-
Potential for Drug-Drug Interactions between Antiretrovirals and HCV Direct Acting Antivirals in a Large Cohort of HIV/HCV...Potential for Drug-Drug Interactions between Antiretrovirals and HCV Direct Acting Antivirals in a Large Cohort of HIV/HCV...
Objectives Development of direct acting antivirals (DAA) offers new benefits for patients with chronic hepatitis C. The combination of these drugs with antiretroviral treatment (cART) is a real challenge in HIV/HCV coinfected patients. The aim of this study was to describe potential drug-drug interactions between DAAs and antiretroviral drugs in a cohort of HIV/HCV coinfected patients. Methods Cross-sectional study of all HIV/HCV coinfected patients attending at least one visit in 2012 in the multicenter French DatAIDS cohort. A simulation of drug-drug interactions between antiretroviral treatment and DAAs available in 2015 was performed. Results Of 16,634 HIV-infected patients, 2,511 had detectable anti-HCV antibodies, of whom 1,196 had a detectable HCV-RNA and were not receiving HCV treatment at the time of analysis. 97.1% of these patients were receiving cART and 81.2% had a plasma HIV RNA |50 copies/mL. cART included combinations of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors with a boosted
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0141164
FRI0450 Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Treatment in Psoriatic Arthritis: Need for Co-Medication? | Annals of the Rheumatic...FRI0450 Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Treatment in Psoriatic Arthritis: Need for Co-Medication? | Annals of the Rheumatic...
Results Among 371 PsA patients being treated with TNFi, 145 received csDMARD co-medication; 58/118 with etanercept, 48/106 with adalimumab, 21/47 with certolizumab and 18/47 with golimumab, respectively. Mean (SD) age was 54.0 (11.5) years, disease duration 13.1 (9.1) years, years of education 12.9 (3.4), body mass index (BMI) 27.1 (4.3) kg/m2, baseline DAS28 4.1 (1.4), 45.7% were female. Baseline characteristics were similar for patients with and without co-medication, except for a higher percentage of first time TNFi users (67.6%) compared to previous TNFi users (32.4%) in the co-medication group, p=0.001. Drug survival of TNFi was similar for patients receiving versus not receiving concomitant csDMARDs (log rank test p=0,181, figure). In the Cox regression analysis identified predictors for TNFi discontinuation were previous use of TNFi (HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.25-2.26, p,0.001) and TNFi type (p,0.001). Separate analyses for first time TNFi users did not change the primary outcome. Separate ...
http://ard.bmj.com/content/75/Suppl_2/599.1
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) Mnemonic for USMLEProton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) Mnemonic for USMLE
Summary Proton pump inhibitors or PPIs for short are drugs that inhibit proton or acid production by your stomach. They do this specifically by blocking an ATPase pump that pumps acidic protons out of cells in exchange for bringing potassium into the cell. Reduction of stomach acid is useful in treating acid-mediated disorders like peptic ulcers or acid reflux. Side effects of using PPIs include increased fracture risk as a result of decreased GI calcium absorption, and increased susceptibility to infections. Lastly, PPIs inhibit CYP or cytochrome P450 enzymes, leading to a significant drug interaction risk. Key Points - Proton Pump InhibitorsDrug Names (-prazole)Omeprazole, EsomeprazoleLansoprazole, dexlansoprazolePantoprazoleMechanismProton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) Irreversibly inhibit H+/K+ ATPase in stomach parietal cellsgreatly reduces acid secretionProton secretion is the final common pathway of gastric acid secretion from parietal cells, which are stimulated by acetylcholine, histamine,
https://pixorize.com/view/6376
Dangerous Drug Interactions Are a Public Health Crisis | Steinberg, Goodman & KalishDangerous Drug Interactions Are a Public Health Crisis | Steinberg, Goodman & Kalish
Dangerous drug interactions are a considerable health crisis that can have severe, and even lethal consequences for patients. ... Medical Malpractice
https://www.sgklawyers.com/blog/2017/12/dangerous-drug-interactions/
Levaquin / Cipro / Avelox: Small But Significant Increased Risk Of Acute Kidney Injury Among Men According To Recent Study -...Levaquin / Cipro / Avelox: Small But Significant Increased Risk Of Acute Kidney Injury Among Men According To Recent Study -...
In Addition, A Significant Drug-Drug Interaction Between The Concomitant Use Of Fluoroquinolones And Renin-Angiotensin-System Blockers (Posted by Tom Lamb at DrugInjuryWatch.com) An article published by the Canadian Medical Association during June 2013 in its medical journal CMAJ, Risk of acute kidney injury associated with the use of fluoroquinolones, reported on a study that revealed serious renal side effects in some men who used the popular Levaquin, Cipro, or Avelox, i.e., fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics. From the Abstract for this June 2013 CMAJ article: Background: Case reports indicate that the use of fluoroquinolones may lead to acute kidney injury. We studied the association between the use of oral fluoroquinolones and acute kidney injury, and we examined interaction with renin-angiotensin-system blockers. Methods: We formed a nested cohort of men aged 40-85 enrolled in the United States IMS LifeLink Health Plan Claims Database between 2001 and 2011.... to assess the rate ratio (RR) for
http://www.drug-injury.com/druginjurycom/2013/07/avelox-cipro-levaquin-side-effects-acute-kidney-injury-renal-increased-risk-fluoroquinolones-renin-angiotensin-system-blocker.html
Are there any drug interactions between Wellbutrin and Klonopin?Are there any drug interactions between Wellbutrin and Klonopin?
Brief Answer: Drug interactions Detailed Answer: Thank you for contacting HCM with your health care concerns You are concerned about possible drug interactions with wellbutrin with XXXXXXX klonopin and oxycodone. There is one interaction between wellbutrin and oxycodone. The wellbutrin may delay...
https://www.healthcaremagic.com/premiumquestions/Are-there-any-drug-interactions-between-Wellbutrin-and-Klonopin/237892
Glucosamine - 500 Mg - 90 Tablets | Theisens Home & AutoGlucosamine - 500 Mg - 90 Tablets | Theisens Home & Auto
Deva vegan glucosamine description: non-shellfish dietary supplement 500 mg deva nutrition introduces corn-derived, 100% vegan glucosamine. All ingredients used in deva glucosamine are plant and mineral-based. Most other glucosamine products on the market today are produced from animal sources; mainly from the outer skeletons of shellfish, which may cause allergic reactions in those with shellfish allergies, or a possible worsening of asthma symptoms. The body produces glucosamine naturally, and is necessary for normal joint health. Glucosamine is required by the body to build and maintain healthy tendons, cartilage, and ligaments. The use of deva glucosamine as a dietary supplement is safe; adverse effects are uncommon, and there are no reported significant drug interactions. However, people who take medications for diabetes, or blood thinners such as coumadin, need to be cautious when taking glucosamine; and women who are pregnant or nursing should not take glucosamine. Our vegan glucosamine ...
https://www.theisens.com/products/deva-vegan-glucosamine-500-mg-90-tablets/idxhg0107334/
Cannabidiol Products Impact on Pharmacist-Provided Medication ManagementCannabidiol Products Impact on Pharmacist-Provided Medication Management
Pharmacists can assist with advising patients who present with quality concerns to use CBD products that provide certificates of analyses, and catch significant drug interactions before they occur.
https://www.pharmacytimes.com/news/cannabidiol-products-impact-on-pharmacistprovided-medication-management
Kankakee Drug Interaction and Complications Attorney, Lawyers | Spiros Law, P.C.Kankakee Drug Interaction and Complications Attorney, Lawyers | Spiros Law, P.C.
The science behind prescription drug production and distribution is extremely technical. Given the potential for adverse drug interactions between medications, it is important that their prescription is overseen by a professional. When a doctor, nurse, or pharmacist fails to note that a particular drug is likely to react with something that is already in a patients system, the results can be catastrophic.. If you or someone you love has suffered injury or illness because of a drug interaction or complication, you may be entitled to financial compensation for your losses. Contact the Kankakee drug interaction and complication attorneys of Spiros Law, P.C., at (815) 929-9292 to learn about the potential merits of legal action in your case.. ...
https://www.spiroslaw.com/practice-areas/medical-malpractice/pharmaceutical-errors/drug-interaction-and-complications/
A Manual of Adverse Drug Interactions, Fifth Edition (MANUAL by J.P. Griffin - SHOP.AGUARDIENTECLOTHING.COM BooksA Manual of Adverse Drug Interactions, Fifth Edition (MANUAL by J.P. Griffin - SHOP.AGUARDIENTECLOTHING.COM Books
At the contraluminal membrane there is evidence for one common transport system. At the luminal membrane, the transport of organic cations occurs by an electroneural Hf/organic cation system. E Contraluminal Transporters Fig. 7. Location of transporters for organic anions and cations in the renal proximal tubule (from Ullrich (1994)). Note: PAH is the organic anion p-aminohippuric acid. transporter, which transports sodium ions into the cell and hydrogen ions out (Fig. 7) (Somogyi, 1996). A key feature of a drug undergoing tubular secretion is that it will compete with another drug for secretion, thus competition for transport is competitive. These interactions have been categorized by Somogyi (1996); Table 7 summarizes their nature and sequelae. INTERACTIONS INVOLVING RENAL EXCRETORY MECHANISMS Table 7. 35 DRUGS WHICH ALTER TUBULAR REABSORETION OF LITHIUM BY ALTERING ITS RENAL CLEARANCE* Loop diuretics Increased serum lithium concentrations (61%) in 116 normal subjects; danger of toxicity. ...
http://shop.aguardienteclothing.com/library/a-manual-of-adverse-drug-interactions-fifth-edition-manual-of-adverse-drug
Drug Interactions With Newer Oral Chemotherapy AgentsDrug Interactions With Newer Oral Chemotherapy Agents
Lapatinib may alter the pharmacokinetics of other medications metabolized by CYP2C8 or CYP3A4 that have a narrow therapeutic window. This is because lapatinib can inhibit these pathways.19 Imatinib: Imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that inhibits BCR-ABL, was the first targeted oral antineoplastic agent approved. It also inhibits other kinases, such as platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), stem-cell factor, and c-Kit.2,3,6,20 Imatinib is used primarily for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). The usual starting dose ranges from 400 mg to 800 mg po daily. The most common adverse effects are edema, fatigue, nausea, diarrhea, arthralgia, and mild myelosuppression.. Imatinib is metabolized mainly by the liver, primarily by the CYP3A4 pathway. Other enzymes responsible for its metabolism are CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19. There are many potential drug interactions with imatinib.2,3,6,8,13 As with lapatinib, CYP3A4 ...
https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/drug-interactions-with-newer-oral-chemotherapy-agents
Xanax fluoxetine drug interactions / Fluoxetine sandoz perte de poidsXanax fluoxetine drug interactions / Fluoxetine sandoz perte de poids
Xanax Oral, Xanax Drug Interactions With Theanine - Mental Health Home Page Xanax XR. Advertisement. Quicklinks. ADD. Certain medicines may cause drug interactions.Adderall and Seroquel Drug Interactions - Drugs.com View drug interactions between Adderall and Seroquel. However, this does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.My question is what is the difference between metoprolol succ er Benadryl and metoprolol. drug interactions between toprol _ metoprolol and. fluoxetine, and.The drug is linked to birth defects when taken. Uses & More Fluoxetine is an oral drug primarily used to treat depression and other. Interactions, Pictures Find.Fluoxetine - Side Effects,. Uses & MoreFluoxetine is an oral drug primarily used to treat depression and. Side Effects, Dosage, Interactions Prozac can cause.Generic Xanax (Alprazolam) - Interactions. Des doses accrues de Generic Xanax et d?alcool peuvent. A suivre sur http://www.santecheznous.com/drug_info_details.... ...
http://yachtayachtayachta.info/nycir/xanax-fluoxetine-drug-interactions-3283.php
Drug Interactions With DidanosineDrug Interactions With Didanosine
This eMedTV article warns people about potential drug interactions with didanosine, including interactions with alcohol, tetracycline antibiotics, and antifungal medications. This page also explains the complications these interactions can cause.
http://std.emedtv.com/didanosine/drug-interactions-with-didanosine.html
Frontiers | Entecavir Interacts with Influx Transporters hOAT1, hCNT2, hCNT3, but Not with hOCT2: The Potential for Renal...Frontiers | Entecavir Interacts with Influx Transporters hOAT1, hCNT2, hCNT3, but Not with hOCT2: The Potential for Renal...
Entecavir (ETV) is one of the most potent agents for the treatment of the hepatitis B viral infection. The drug is principally eliminated by the kidney. The goal of this study was to investigate the potential of ETV to interact in vitro with the renal SLC transporters hOAT1, hOCT2, hCNT2 and hCNT3. Potential drug-drug interactions of ETV at the renal transporters with antiviral drugs known to be excreted by the kidney (adefovir, tenofovir, cidofovir) as well as transporter-dependent cytotoxicity were also examined. Interactions with the selected transporters along with cytotoxicity were studied in several transiently-transfected cellular models using specific substrates and inhibitors. ETV was found to be both a substrate and inhibitor of hOAT1 (IC50 = 175.3 µM), hCNT2 (IC50 = 241.9 µM) and hCNT3 (IC50 = 278.4 µM) transporters, although it interacted with the transporters with relatively low affinities. ETV inhibited the cellular uptake of adefovir, tenofovir and cidofovir by hOAT1; however,
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2015.00304/full
Drug Interactions With GlucotrolDrug Interactions With Glucotrol
This eMedTV Web page describes the potential drug interactions with Glucotrol that can occur when it is taken with other medicines, such as thyroid medications, estrogens, and decongestants. The problems these interactions can cause are also listed.
http://endocrine-system.emedtv.com/glucotrol/drug-interactions-with-glucotrol-p3.html
Consider the Many Drug Interactions With Hep C AntiviralsConsider the Many Drug Interactions With Hep C Antivirals
Youll face MANY potential drug interactions when patients are admitted on hepatitis C antivirals (Epclusa, Mavyret, etc).... Learn more with Hospital Pharmacists Letter.
https://hospital-pharmacist.therapeuticresearch.com/Content/Articles/PLH/2019/Nov/Consider-the-Many-Drug-Interactions-With-Hep-C-Antivirals
Inflammation in Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms, Consequences and Possible Drug Targets | Bentham ScienceInflammation in Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms, Consequences and Possible Drug Targets | Bentham Science
Title:Inflammation in Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms, Consequences and Possible Drug Targets. VOLUME: 13 ISSUE: 8. Author(s):Muzamil Ahmad, Nawab J. Dar, Zubair S. Bhat, Aehtesham Hussain, Ayatullah Shah, Hao Liu and Steven H. Graham. Affiliation:Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine-CSIR, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, 190005, India.. Keywords:Cerebral ischemia, cyclooxygenase-2, cytokines and chemokines, inflammation, microglia, middle cerebral artery occlusion, prostaglandin.. Abstract:Ischemic stroke is caused when blood flow to the brain is hampered, leading to instant deficiency of nutrients and oxygen required for normal brain functioning. Reperfusion can alleviate damage from stroke if performed immediately after the onset of ischemia however the efficacy of reperfusion is tempered by secondary injury mechanisms. This multifarious sequence of events leads to the commencement of deleterious cycles of inflammation, oxidant stress and apoptosis that finally culminate ...
http://www.eurekaselect.com/125544/article?tracking-code=4
Sugars that coat proteins are a possible drug target for pancreatitis - San Diego Biotechnology NetworkSugars that coat proteins are a possible drug target for pancreatitis - San Diego Biotechnology Network
LA JOLLA?Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas that accounts for 275,000 hospitalizations in the United States annually. Patients who suffer from?hereditary pancreatitis?have a 40 to 50 percent lifetime risk of developing pancreatic cancer.. The post Sugars that coat proteins are a possible drug target for pancreatitis appeared first on Salk Institute for Biological Studies.. ...
https://sdbn.org/san-diego-biotech-news/2019/06/21/sugars-that-coat-proteins-are-a-possible-drug-target-for-pancreatitis/
UPRx: DuloxetineUPRx: Duloxetine
Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctors approval. Some products that may interact with this drug include: other drugs that can cause bleeding/bruising (including antiplatelet drugs such as clopidogrel, NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, blood thinners such as warfarin). Other medications can affect the removal of duloxetine from your body, which may affect how duloxetine works. Examples include cimetidine, certain quinolone antibiotics (such as ciprofloxacin, enoxacin), among others. This medication can slow down the removal of other medications from your body, which may affect how they work. Examples of affected drugs include antiarrhythmic drugs ...
https://uprx.com/product/Duloxetine
Demerol and phenergan drug interactionsDemerol and phenergan drug interactions
Includes Phenergan side effects, interactions and indications Promethazine (Phenergan) is used for treating the discomforts of a common cold like sneezing, coughing, and runny nose Find patient medical information for Bicitra Oral on WebMD including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings and user ratings.. Addition. Learn about Phenergan (Promethazine) may treat, uses, dosage, demerol and phenergan drug interactions side effects, drug interactions, warnings, patient labeling, reviews, and related medications Find patient medical information for Phenergan Oral on WebMD phenergan shot for migraine including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings and user ratings Demerol (meperidine) is a narcotic pain medicine used to treat moderate to severe pain. phenergan dosage 2 year old Learn about Demerol (Meperidine) pain treatment, uses, demerol and phenergan drug interactions dosage, side effects, drug interactions, is zofran or phenergan better ...
http://drowsydriving.org/2017/07/demerol-and-phenergan-drug-interactions
Initiating antiretrovirals during tuberculosis treatment: a drug safety review | Academic CommonsInitiating antiretrovirals during tuberculosis treatment: a drug safety review | Academic Commons
Introduction: Integrating HIV and tuberculosis (TB) treatment can reduce mortality substantially. Practical barriers to treatment integration still exist and include safety concerns related to concomitant drug use because of drug interactions and additive toxicities. Altered therapeutic concentrations may influence the chances of treatment success or toxicity. Areas covered: The available data on drug-drug interactions between the rifamycin class of anti-mycobacterials and the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and the protease inhibitor classes of antiretrovirals are discussed with recommendations for integrated use. Additive drug toxicities, the impact of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) and the latest data on survival benefits of integrating treatment are elucidated. Expert opinion: Deferring treatment of HIV to avoid drug interactions with TB treatment or the occurrence of IRIS is not necessary. In the integrated management of TB-HIV co-infection, rational drug
https://academiccommons.columbia.edu/doi/10.7916/D8QF93GZ
UPRx: Effexor XRUPRx: Effexor XR
Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctors approval. Some products that may interact with this drug include: other drugs that can cause bleeding/bruising (including antiplatelet drugs such as clopidogrel, NSAIDs such as ibuprofen/naproxen, blood thinners such as dabigatran/warfarin). Aspirin can increase the risk of bleeding when used with this medication. However, if your doctor has directed you to take low-dose aspirin for heart attack or stroke prevention (usually at dosages of 81-325 milligrams a day), you should continue taking it unless your doctor instructs you otherwise. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details. Taking MAO ...
https://uprx.com/product/Effexor%20XR
NCT00402493 | Glaucoma, Ocular Hypertension Clinical Trial | PfizerNCT00402493 | Glaucoma, Ocular Hypertension Clinical Trial | Pfizer
Topical IOP-lowering therapy has the advantage of providing a drug level directly to the end organ with very little or no systemic absorption thereby reducing side effect potential. There is very little information in the ophthalmic literature regarding potential drug interactions between topical IOP-lowering medications and other medications taken orally for other medical reasons. Patients will be randomized to either latanoprost or brimonidine. Patients in both groups will be randomized to either placebo or ibuprofen for the first 14 days and then crossed over to the other treatment for 14 days ...
https://www.pfizer.com/science/find-a-trial/nct00402493
What is Hydrochlorothiazide? Addiction, Abuse, Effects & Symptoms | Learn MoreWhat is Hydrochlorothiazide? Addiction, Abuse, Effects & Symptoms | Learn More
Physicians who prescribe diuretics monitor people for significant or harmful side effects. If people do not tolerate the drug well, doctors may adjust the dosage accordingly. Physicians will also likely monitor the patients hearts, livers, and kidneys to make sure the medication is not negatively impacting any of the bodys systems. They may also quickly correct any problems that people experience, such as dehydration or electrolyte imbalances.. When people abuse hydrochlorothiazide, they frequently do not have the assistance of physicians who are monitoring their health. In addition, if people are abusing diuretics, they may not even tell their physicians they are using them. While diuretic abuse is rare, the side effects of the medication, combined with a lack of monitoring and a lack of knowledge of any potential drug interactions, may lead to significant and even life-threatening consequences.. Using diuretics, especially using them without prescriptions or without monitoring from ...
https://chapterscapistrano.com/what-is-hydrochlorothiazide-addiction-abuse-effects-symptoms/
A drug-drug interaction study of cabozantinib and esomeprazole in healthy adult subjects. - AdisInsightA drug-drug interaction study of cabozantinib and esomeprazole in healthy adult subjects. - AdisInsight
This trial evaluated the possible drug-drug interactions between cabozantinib and esomeprazole in healthy volunteers. The pharmacokinetics of cabozantinib were
http://adisinsight.springer.com/trials/700262888?error=cookies_not_supported&code=a735b2ad-1e4f-4f8f-a59f-5b290995b323
How should I choose between the novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs)? - pearls4peersHow should I choose between the novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs)? - pearls4peers
Although warfarin has long been the standard treatment for venous thromboembolism (VTE) and thomboprophylaxis in atrial fibrillation (AF), the need for its frequent monitoring, potential drug interactions, and narrow therapeutic window made it far from ideal. Since 2009, NOACs have become viable alternative agents owing to their more predictable and safer pharmacological profiles. NOACs include…
https://pearls4peers.com/2015/11/04/how-should-i-choose-between-the-novel-oral-anticoagulants-noacs/
Precautions and Warnings With Bupropion XLPrecautions and Warnings With Bupropion XL
This eMedTV article takes an in-depth look at several precautions and warnings with bupropion XL, such as potential drug interactions, the risk of seizures, and possible liver damage. This page also lists who should avoid taking the antidepressant.
http://mental-health.emedtv.com/bupropion-xl/precautions-and-warnings-with-bupropion-xl-p2.html
Musculoskeletal HealthMusculoskeletal Health
This product supports a healthy inflammatory response and has ingredients that have been shown to particularly aid in the relief of headaches and pain caused by stress. Warnings & Disclaimers: Caution: As with any dietary or herbal supplement, you should advise your health care practitioner of the use of this product. If you are nursing, pregnant, or considering pregnancy, you should consult your health care practitioner prior to using this product. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease; the law applicable to dietary supplements, the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994, commonly referred to as DSHEA, does not permit us to do so and it is not our intention to do so. The Contraindications and Potential Drug Interactions information provided on this website is not intended to be all-inclusive. Keep your healthcare provider informed about any herbal and other dietary supplement products that you are taking ...
http://www.smileherb.biz/SearchResults.asp?Cat=1832
PentamidinePentamidine
Drug interactions[edit]. The additional or sequential use of other nephrotoxic drugs like aminoglycosides, amphotericin B, ... "Drugs@FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products". www.accessdata.fda.gov. Archived from the original on 2014-08-13. Retrieved 2016-11-07. ... "Pentamidine Use During Pregnancy , Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 2016-11-09. Retrieved 2016-11-10.. ... "Pentamidine Side Effects in Detail - Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 2016-11-04. Retrieved 2016-11-04. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentamidine
Health effects of tobaccoHealth effects of tobacco
Drug interactions[edit]. Smoking is known to increase levels of liver enzymes that break down drugs and toxins. That means that ... Kroon LA (September 2007). "Drug interactions with smoking". American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy. 64 (18): 1917-21. doi: ... "British Journal of Inebriety (Alcoholism and Drug Addiction). 30 (1): 1-27. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1932.tb04849.x. ISSN 1360- ... "DNA interaction with Benzopyrene". DNA. Archived from the original on December 23, 2004. Retrieved March 5, 2005.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_tobacco
Coenzyme Q10Coenzyme Q10
Drug interactions[edit]. Coenzyme Q10 has potential to inhibit the effects of warfarin (Coumadin), a potent anticoagulant, by ... Nanoparticles have been explored as a delivery system for various drugs, such as improving the oral bioavailability of drugs ... CoQ10 is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of any medical condition.[13] It is sold ... Facilitating drug absorption by increasing its solubility in water is a common pharmaceutical strategy and also has been shown ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubidecarenone
Iodinated contrastIodinated contrast
Drug interactions[edit]. It has been recommended that metformin, an oral antidiabetic agent, be stopped for 48 hours following ... Both types are used most commonly in radiology due to their relatively harmless interaction with the body and its solubility. ... Food and Drug Administration". Radiology. 203 (3): 605-10. doi:10.1148/radiology.203.3.9169676. PMID 9169676.. ... a signature mechanism in true IgE drug allergy and true anaphylactic reactions (not "anaphylactoid" reactions). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodinated_contrast
Losartan/hydrochlorothiazideLosartan/hydrochlorothiazide
Drug interactions[edit]. Drug interactions to be aware of include lithium, agents increasing serum levels of potassium, and the ... "Drugs.com. Retrieved 6 March 2019.. *^ "Hydrochlorothiazide / losartan Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". Drugs.com. ... This drug article relating to the cardiovascular system is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.. *v ... Interactions include with lithium, agents which increase potassium, and NSAIDs.[2] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyzaar
DocetaxelDocetaxel
Common and/or likely drug-drug combinations and known side effects from drug interactions Drug interacting with docetaxel ... Drug interactions[edit]. Drug interactions may be the result of altered pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics due to one of the ... The C-8 methyl of docetaxel has Van der Waals interactions with two residues, Thr-276 and Gln-281 near the C-terminal end of β- ... Fischer, Janos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 512. ISBN 9783527607495. . ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Docetaxel
MetronidazoleMetronidazole
Other drug interactions[edit]. It also inhibits CYP2C9, so may interact with medications metabolised by these enzymes (e.g. ... "Metronidazole - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 18 February 2021.. *^ a b c d e f Rossi S, ed. (2013). Australian ... Common adverse drug reactions (≥1% of those treated with the drug) associated with systemic metronidazole therapy include: ... "Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. Pharmaceutical Press. Retrieved 3 April 2014.. [dead link] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metronidazole
PomeloPomelo
Drug interactions[edit]. Main article: Grapefruit-drug interactions. Some medicines may interact dangerously with pomelos and ... Grapefruit-medication interactions: Forbidden fruit or avoidable consequences? CMAJ March 5, 2013 vol. 185 no. 4 First ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pummelo
CarambolaCarambola
Drug interactions[edit]. Like the grapefruit, carambola is considered to be a potent inhibitor of seven cytochrome P450 ... Potential Drug-Food Interactions with Pomegranate Juice Archived March 21, 2007, at the Wayback Machine ... "Abstracts: Metabolism and metabolic enzymes studies for the 8th National Congress on Drug and Xenobiotic Metabolism in China". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carambola
HibiscusHibiscus
Drug interactions[edit]. It is postulated that H. sabdariffa interacts with diclofenac, chloroquine and acetaminophen by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibiscus
Huperzine AHuperzine A
Drug interactions[edit]. Huperzine A may have additive effects if taken with drugs causing bradycardia, such as beta-blockers.[ ... Tang X, He X, Bai D (1999). "Huperzine A: A novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor". Drugs of the Future. 24 (6): 647. doi: ... European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics. 32 (4): 183-187. doi:10.1007/BF03191002. PMID 18348466.. .mw-parser- ... Chemico-Biological Interactions. 175 (1-3): 387-395. doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2008.05.023. PMID 18588864.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huperzine_A
VardenafilVardenafil
"Pharmacology and drug interaction effects of the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors: focus on alpha-blocker interactions". The ... Drug interactions[edit]. Vardenafil, as with all PDE5 inhibitors, should not be used by people taking nitrate medications, ... Adverse drug reactions[edit]. The common, adverse drug reactions (side effects) are the same as with other PDE5 inhibitors. The ... "Food and Drug Administration. 2007-10-18. Retrieved 2009-08-06.. *^ Kloner, Robert A. (2005-12-26). " ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levitra
StatinStatin
Food and Drug Administration (1 March 2012). "Drug Safety and Availability; FDA Drug Safety Communication: Interactions between ... Drug interactions[edit]. Combining any statin with a fibrate or niacin (other categories of lipid-lowering drugs) increases the ... Bellosta S, Corsini A (November 2012). "Statin drug interactions and related adverse reactions". Expert Opinion on Drug Safety ... FDA Website Statins and HIV or Hepatitis C Drugs: Drug Safety Communication - Interaction Increases Risk of Muscle Injury ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statin
FenoprofenFenoprofen
Drug interactions[edit]. *Aminoglycosides (e.g. gentamicin): Plasma aminoglycoside levels may be elevated. ... Laboratory test interactions[edit]. False elevation in free and total serum T 3 as measured by Amerlex-M kit. ... Fenoprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Fenoprofen calcium is used for symptomatic relief for rheumatoid ... Hydantoins, sulfonamides, sulfonylureas: Fenoprofen may displace these drugs from their binding site. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenoprofen
beta-Carotenebeta-Carotene
Drug interactions[edit]. β-Carotene can interact with medication used for lowering cholesterol. Taking them together can lower ... "Beta-Carotene Interactions". Retrieved 28 May 2012.. *^ University of Maryland Medical Center. "Possible Interactions with Beta ... Stargrove, Mitchell (2007-12-20). Herb, nutrient, and drug interactions : clinical implications and therapeutic strategies (1 ... Interactions between factors. Symmetric and asymmetric cleavage[edit]. In the molecular chain between the two cyclohexyl rings ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provitamin_A
MebendazoleMebendazole
Drug interactions[edit]. Carbamazepine and phenytoin lower serum levels of mebendazole. Cimetidine does not appreciably raise ... "Drug Interactions". Medicine chest. Archived from the original on 2007-02-06. Retrieved 2008-05-06.. ... Long-term follow-up of plasma mebendazole levels and drug interactions". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 31 (4): 443 ... "International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Archived from the original on 5 March 2017. Retrieved 18 August 2015.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vermox
MontelukastMontelukast
Drug interactions[edit]. Montelukast has very few drug-drug interactions. This is due to the lack of off-target affinity ... Hepatotoxicity due to a drug interaction between amodiaquine plus artesunate and efavirenz. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44(6):889-891 ... Li, Jie Jack (2006). "8". Laughing Gas, Viagra, and Lipitor: The Human Stories Behind the Drugs We Use. Oxford University Press ... FDA Investigates Merck Drug-Suicide Link *^ Updated Information on Leukotriene Inhibitors: Montelukast (marketed as Singulair ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montelukast
Talk:TadalafilTalk:Tadalafil
Drug interactions[edit]. Nitrates or nitrites? the first sentence refers to nitrates but the second specifies a nitrite. I ... Cialis Drug History cleanup[edit]. The section is confusing; it talks about Pfizer as if it were a drug, whereas Pfizer is the ... Comparison with other drugs[edit]. I've made a request for more information about how this drug compares to similar ones. I ... Both the mesured halfe-life and the advertised effect duration can be found in any drug data base. The problem is : most drug ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Tadalafil
MercaptopurineMercaptopurine
Drug interactions[edit]. Allopurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase, the enzyme that breaks down mercaptopurine. Those taking ... "Pharmacogenomics in drug-metabolizing enzymes catalyzing anticancer drugs for personalized cancer chemotherapy". Curr. Drug ... This drug was formerly not recommended during pregnancy and early evidence indicated pregnant women on the drug (or the related ... "International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 8 December 2016.. *^ "NADAC as of 2016-12-07 , Data.Medicaid.gov". Centers ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercaptopurine
Emergency psychiatryEmergency psychiatry
Hazardous drug reactions and interactions[edit]. Overdoses, drug interactions, and dangerous reactions from psychiatric ... a b c d e f g h i j k Hedges, D. & Burchfield, C. (2006). Mind, Brain, and Drug: An Introduction to Psychopharmacology. Boston ... The amount of time required for absorption varies dependent upon many factors including drug solubility, gastrointestinal ... however if this method is to work the drug must be able to get to the stomach and stay there.[11] In cases of vomiting and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_psychiatry
IsotretinoinIsotretinoin
"FDA information, side effects, and uses / Accutane (isotretinoin) : Drug Interactions". U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA ... Isotretinoin is the only non-psychiatric drug on the FDA's top 10 list of drugs associated with depression[35][39] and is also ... Roche's New Drug Application for isotretinoin for the treatment of acne included data showing that the drug caused birth ... The FDA, believing it did not have authority under the law to restrict who had the right to prescribe the drug, kept the drug ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accutane
Etonogestrel birth control implantEtonogestrel birth control implant
Drug interactions: It is possible that the implant has similar drug interactions as combined oral contraceptives.[13] However, ... drug interactions, or conception prior to method insertion.[17]. In comparison, tubal sterilization has a failure rate of 0.5% ... drug interactions with Implanon/Nexplanon have not been systematically studied.. Pregnancy: it is recommended that Implanon or ... "International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 8 December 2016.. *^ Winner, B; Peipert, JF; Zhao, Q; Buckel, C; Madden, T ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexplanon
Etonogestrel birth control implantEtonogestrel birth control implant
Drug interactions: Efavirenz appears to decrease etonogestrel levels[27] and increase rates of undesired pregnancy among ... drug interactions, or conception prior to method insertion.[22] In comparison, tubal sterilization has a failure rate of 0.5% ... "www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 1 January 2017. Retrieved 1 January 2017.. ... Folkman J, Long DM (March 1964). "The use of silicone rubber as a carrier for prolonged drug therapy". The Journal of Surgical ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etonogestrel_birth_control_implant
Cytochrome P450Cytochrome P450
Such drug interactions are especially important to take into account when using drugs of vital importance to the patient, drugs ... Drug interaction[edit]. Many drugs may increase or decrease the activity of various CYP isozymes either by inducing the ... Hence, these drug interactions may necessitate dosage adjustments or choosing drugs that do not interact with the CYP system. ... For example, if one drug inhibits the CYP-mediated metabolism of another drug, the second drug may accumulate within the body ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYP450
PioglitazonePioglitazone
Drug interactions[edit]. This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to ... "FDA Drug Safety Communication: Updated drug labels for pioglitazone-containing medicines". United States Food and Drug ... "Drug Patent Watch.. *^ "ACTOS (pioglitazone) Prescribing Information" (PDF). United States Food and Drug Administration. ... Oral anti-diabetic drugs, insulins and insulin analogs, and other drugs used in diabetes (A10) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioglitazone
NitrazepamNitrazepam
Holm V, Melander A, Wåhlin-Boll E (1982). "Influence of food and of age on nitrazepam kinetics". Drug-nutrient interactions. 1 ... The drug causes a delay in the onset, and decrease in the duration of REM sleep. Following discontinuation of the drug, REM ... Back DJ, Orme ML (June 1990). "Pharmacokinetic drug interactions with oral contraceptives". Clin Pharmacokinet. 18 (6): 472-84 ... and drug interactions was used to assess nitrazepam. A Dutch analysis using the system found nitrazepam to be unsuitable in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrazepam
NilotinibNilotinib
Interaction of nilotinib with OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 may alter its hepatic disposition and can lead to transporter mediated drug- ... "Drugs.com. Retrieved 14 November 2019.. *^ a b "Complete Nilotinib information from Drugs.com". Drugs.com. Retrieved 25 January ... "Drug Metabol Drug Interact. 29 (3): 179-90. doi:10.1515/dmdi-2013-0062. PMC 4407685. PMID 24643910.. ... "Drug Metabol Drug Interact. 29 (4): 249-59. doi:10.1515/dmdi-2014-0014. PMC 4407688. PMID 24807167.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nilotinib
CarbamazepineCarbamazepine
Moody D (2004). "Drug interactions with benzodiazepines". In Raymon LP, Mozayani A (eds.). Handbook of Drug Interactions: a ... Schlatter J, Madras JL, Saulnier JL, Poujade F (September 1999). "[Drug interactions with methadone]" [Drug interactions with ... Interactions[edit]. Carbamazepine has a potential for drug interactions; caution should be used in combining other medicines ... "Carbamazepine Drug Label". Archived from the original on 2014-12-08.. *^ Nevitt, Sarah J.; Marson, Anthony G.; Weston, Jennifer ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tegretol
AtorvastatinAtorvastatin
Neuvonen PJ, Niemi M, Backman JT (December 2006). "Drug interactions with lipid-lowering drugs: mechanisms and clinical ... resulting in a minor drug-drug interaction. The American Heart Association states that the combination of digoxin and ... "Recommendations for Management of Clinically Significant Drug-Drug Interactions With Statins and Select Agents Used in Patients ... Kane GC, Lipsky JJ (September 2000). "Drug-grapefruit juice interactions". Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 75 (9): 933-42. doi:10.4065 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atorvastatin
CiprofloxacinCiprofloxacin
Brouwers, Jacobus R.B.J. (1992). "Drug Interactions with Quinolone Antibacterials". Drug Safety. 7 (4): 268-81. doi:10.2165/ ... which leads to the potential for clinically important drug interactions with drugs metabolized by that enzyme.[medical citation ... "Pharmacokinetic Drug Interactions of Antimicrobial Drugs: A Systematic Review on Oxazolidinones, Rifamycines, Macrolides, ... Janknegt, R. (1990). "Drug interactions with quinolones". Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 26: 7-29. doi:10.1093/jac/26. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipro
HemoencephalographyHemoencephalography
70% of sufferers saw a 50% or more reduction in their migraines following combined neurotherapy and drug treatment, as opposed ... while PIR had greater efficacy in the realms of emotional regulation and social interactions.[9] ... allowing the patient to greatly reduce the drug therapy necessary for him to function successfully in school and offering a ... to 50% undergoing only traditional drug therapy.[8] Autism[edit]. The term autism encompasses a wide range of syndromes, such ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoencephalography
Bile acidBile acid
Other interactionsEdit. Bile acids bind to some other proteins in addition to their hormone receptors (FXR and TGR5) and their ... "Bile acid signaling in metabolic disease and drug therapy". Pharmacol. Rev. 66 (4): 948-83. doi:10.1124/pr.113.008201. PMC ... "Efficacy, patient-reported outcomes and safety profile of ATX-101 (deoxycholic acid), an injectable drug for the reduction of ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile_acids
CraniosynostosisCraniosynostosis
Environmental factors refer for example to maternal smoking and the maternal exposure to amine-containing drugs. Several ... Instead of describing the abnormalities in structure and form, research focuses nowadays at decoding the molecular interactions ... Certain medication (like amine-containing drugs) can increase the risk of craniosynostosis when taken during pregnancy, these ... Olshan AF, Faustman EM (December 1989). "Nitrosatable drug exposure during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcome". ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craniosynostosis
100,000,000 Guinea Pigs100,000,000 Guinea Pigs
... : Dangers in Everyday Foods, Drugs, and Cosmetics is a book written by Arthur Kallet and F.J. Schlink ... Jackson, J. "The Ergot Controversy: Prologue to the 1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act" J Hist Med Allied Sci 1968; XXIII: 248- ... Many people were shocked at the extent of food contamination and drug side-effects, and 100,000,000 Guinea Pigs, along with ... The book goes on to state that the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 is not effective in arresting these trends, and real reform ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100,000,000_Guinea_Pigs
IndinavirIndinavir
After 38 weeks, 6% of the people in the three-drug group died while 11% of the people died in the two-drug group. There were ... "Crixivan (Indinavir Sulfate): Side Effects, Interactions, Warning, Dosage & Uses". RxList. Retrieved 2018-11-08.. ... Viral resistance to the drug leads to the drug becoming useless since the virus evolves to have cells that are able to resist ... It is recommended that users drink at least 1.5 liters a day when intaking the drug. Drug users must significantly increase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indinavir
Alternative medicineAlternative medicine
Dasgupta, Amitava; Hammett-Stabler, Catherine A (2011). Herbal Supplements: Efficacy, Toxicity, Interactions with Western Drugs ... Some herbal remedies can cause dangerous interactions with chemotherapy drugs, radiation therapy, or anesthetics during surgery ... De Smet, Peter A.G.M. (December 1997). "The Role of Plant-Derived Drugs and Herbal Medicines in Healthcare". Drugs. 54 (6): 801 ... significant drug interactions caused by alternative therapies may make treatments less effective, notably in cancer therapy.[32 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrative_medicine
CateninCatenin
Through the interaction of β-catenin and α-catenin, actin and E-cadherin are linked, providing the cell with a means of stable ... Coluzzi F, Mandatori I, Mattia C (September 2011). "Emerging therapies in metastatic bone pain". Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 16 (3 ... Catenin and EMT interactions may also play a role in hepatocellular carcinoma. VEGF-B treatment of hepatoma carcinoma cells can ... In particular, abnormal interactions between epithelial cells and the extracellular matrix are associated with the over- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catenin
QIAGEN Silicon ValleyQIAGEN Silicon Valley
All QIAGEN Silicon Valley use the Ingenuity Knowledge Base, which contains biological and chemical interactions and functional ... IPA also lets researchers search for information on genes, proteins, chemicals, drugs, and reagents. Resulting information can ... Food and Drug Administration to use IPA in review of Pharmacogenomics Submissions" (Press release). Ingenuity Systems. June 21 ... US Food and Drug Administration adopts IPA to review pharmacogenomics submissions 2006 - Ingenuity enters into partnerships ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QIAGEN_Silicon_Valley
NowruzNowruz
"Iran's festive drink and drugs binge". BBC World News. March 27, 2009.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norouz
Phil LynottPhil Lynott
I knew they were drug-pushers and I made an effort to stop them getting passes. He [Lynott] said 'They're my mates!' But I said ... who chastised his lack of stage presence and interaction with the audience, and threatened to throw Lizzy off the tour unless ... Lynott's last years were dogged by drug and alcohol dependency leading to his collapse on 25 December 1985, at his home in Kew ... By the early 1980s, Thin Lizzy were starting to struggle commercially, and Lynott started showing symptoms of drug abuse, ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phil_Lynott
Streptococcus pneumoniaeStreptococcus pneumoniae
Interaction with Haemophilus influenzae[edit]. Historically, Haemophilus influenzae has been a significant cause of infection, ... Koiuszko, S; Bialucha, A; Gospodarek, E (2007). "[The drug susceptibility of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae]". ... or drug-resistant Strepotococcus pneumomoniae (DRSP). Until the year 2000 out of 60,000 yearly cases 40% and out of the 30,000 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S._pneumoniae
Vinca alkaloidVinca alkaloid
Raviña, Enrique (2011). "Vinca alkaloids". The evolution of drug discovery: From traditional medicines to modern drugs. John ... Vinca alkaloids are now produced synthetically and used as drugs in cancer therapy and as immunosuppressive drugs. These ... They are a class of cell cycle-specific cytotoxic drugs that work by inhibiting the ability of cancer cells to divide: Acting ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinca_alkaloids
Positron emission tomographyPositron emission tomography
... drug occupancy at a purported site of action can be inferred indirectly by competition studies between unlabeled drug and ... at least one of which was deflected from its original path by interaction with matter in the field of view, leading to the pair ... Pharmacokinetics: In pre-clinical trials, it is possible to radiolabel a new drug and inject it into animals. Such scans are ... The uptake of the drug, the tissues in which it concentrates, and its eventual elimination, can be monitored far more quickly ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/PET_scan
LeafLeaf
Strong wind forces may result in diminished leaf number and surface area, which while reducing drag, involves a trade off of ... Interactions with other organismsEdit. Some insects, like Kallima inachus, mimic leaves ... allowing a degree of repositioning to minimize drag and damage, as opposed to resistance. Leaf movement like this may also ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauline
Pre-Bötzinger complexPre-Bötzinger complex
Another synthetic drug specific to the adenosine A2A receptor subtype is CGS-21680 that has been shown to cause apneas in 14- ... These characteristics show the interaction between the parafacial respiratory group and the pre-Bötzinger complex, which allows ... Rhythmogenesis, the generation of rhythm, is modulated by membrane properties and synaptic interactions occurring in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-Bötzinger_complex
NeurometricsNeurometrics
In 1991, Lexicor Medical Technology filed one of the first U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) class two filings in the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurometrics
MedicaidMedicaid
The Medicaid Drug Rebate Program and the Health Insurance Premium Payment Program (HIPP) were created by the Omnibus Budget ... Eliminating human connection and face to face interaction completely, especially when dealing with a government program, can ... "Medicaid Drug Rebate Program Overview". HHS. Archived from the original on December 14, 2007.. ... This program was formed due to the costs that Medicaid programs were paying for outpatient drugs at their discounted prices.[14 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicaid
PaleolithicPaleolithic
Kusimba, Sibel (2003). African Foragers: Environment, Technology, Interactions. Rowman Altamira. p. 285. ISBN 0-7591-0154-X.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleolithic
GABRA4GABRA4
regulation of response to drug. • central nervous system development. • chloride transport. • ion transmembrane transport. • ... "Identification of significant association and gene-gene interaction of GABA receptor subunit genes in autism". Am. J. Hum. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GABRA4
NosebleedNosebleed
Drugs-aspirin, fexofenadine, warfarin, clopidogrel, prasugrel, isotretinoin, desmopressin and others. *Envenomation by mambas, ... The drugs oxymetazoline or phenylephrine are widely available in over-the-counter nasal sprays for the treatment of allergic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloody_nose
RituximabRituximab
... Information from the US Food and Drug Administration. *U.S. National Library of Medicine: Drug Information Portal - ... In 2014 Genentech reclassified rituxan as a specialty drug, a class of drugs that are only available through specialty ... "International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 28 November 2015.. *^ British national formulary : BNF 69 (69 ed.). British ... Patents on the drug in expired in Europe in February 2013 and in the US in September 2016.[49] By November 2018[update], ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rituximab
Sandhya Srikant VisweswariahSandhya Srikant Visweswariah
Awarded the Central Drug Research Institute[31] Award for Excellence in Drug Research, 2005.[32] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandhya_Srikant_Visweswariah
Códigos de classificação JEL - Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livreCódigos de classificação JEL - Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre
JEL: F16 - Trade and Labor Market Interactions. JEL: F17 - Trade Forecasting and Simulation. JEL: F18 - Trade and Environment. ... JEL: L65 - Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology. JEL: L66 - Food; Beverages; Cosmetics; Tobacco. JEL: L67 - Other Consumer ...
https://pt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Códigos_de_classificação_JEL
Oral candidiasisOral candidiasis
Competition and inhibition interactions between candida species and other micro-organisms in the mouth, such as the many ... Drug resistance is increasingly more common and presents a serious problem in persons who are immunocompromised. Prophylactic ... Oral candidiasis can be treated with topical anti-fungal drugs, such as nystatin, miconazole, Gentian violet or amphotericin B ... In recurrent oral candidiasis, the use of azole antifungals risks selection and enrichment of drug-resistant strains of candida ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_candidiasis
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantationHematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Drug risks[edit]. Filgrastim is typically dosed in the 10 microgram/kg level for 4-5 days during the harvesting of stem cells. ... Immunosuppressive drugs are given for a minimum of 6-months after a transplantation, or much longer if required for the ... G-CSF drugs include filgrastim (Neupogen, Neulasta), and lenograstim (Graslopin). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_Marrow_Transplant
OxazolineOxazoline
Aminorex a drug bearing an oxazoline ring. References[edit]. *^ a b Wenker, H. (1938). "Syntheses from Ethanolamine. V. ... "Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. 59 (15): 1504-1520. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2007.08.018. PMID 17904246.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxazoline
OctopusOctopus
Most species are solitary when not mating,[66] though a few are known to occur in high densities and with frequent interactions ... Derby, C. D. (2014). "Cephalopod Ink: Production, Chemistry, Functions and Applications". Marine Drugs. 12 (5): 2700-2730. doi: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octopoda
ZygosityZygosity
"Drug resistance is not directly affected by mating type locus zygosity in Candida albicans". Antimicrobial Agents and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterozygote
LevothyroxineLevothyroxine
"Synthroid (Levothyroxine Sodium) Drug Information: Uses, Side Effects, Drug Interactions and Warnings". RxList. Archived from ... "International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 8 December 2016.. *^ Hamilton, Richart (2015). Tarascon Pocket ... Interactions[edit]. There are foods and other substances that can interfere with absorption of thyroxine. Other substances that ... "Levothyroxine (Lexi-Drugs)". LexiComp. Archived from the original on 29 September 2014. Retrieved 20 April 2014.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levothyroxine
SakeSake
Various health authorities, including Health Canada and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), consider kōji-kin (A. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sake
Antiviral Drug Interactions | CDCAntiviral Drug Interactions | CDC
Available information for health care providers regarding clinical data on possible drug interactions with influenza antiviral ... No known drug interactions have been reported, and no clinically critical drug interactions have been predicted on the basis of ... Providers should consult package inserts for more detailed information about potential drug interactionsexternal icon. ... Limited clinical data are available regarding drug interactions with oral oseltamivir. Because oseltamivir and oseltamivir ...
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/antivirals/antiviral-drug-interactions.htm
Food and Drug InteractionsFood and Drug Interactions
... drink and medication interactions so you can protect yourself while treating your arthritis. ... Food and Drug Interactions Some foods and drinks can affect how your medicines work. Learn how to avoid unwanted interactions. ... Dont mix with: analgesics, antidepressants, anti-anxiety drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), prednisone, ... cholesterol-lowering drugs (statins). Why: Grapefruit has been shown to increase blood levels of these drugs, making it ...
https://www.arthritis.org/health-wellness/treatment/treatment-plan/disease-management/food-and-drug-interactions
Drug-Disease Interactions | FDADrug-Disease Interactions | FDA
Drug Interactions & Labeling * Drug Interactions & Labeling *Drug Development and Drug Interactions. *Drug Development and Drug ... Drug Interactions & Labeling *Drug Development and Drug Interactions. *Drug Development and Drug Interactions: Possible Models ... Drug Development and Drug Interactions: Table of Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers. *Drug Development and Drug Interactions: ... Drug Development and Drug Interactions: Table of Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers. *Drug Development and Drug Interactions: ...
https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-interactions-labeling/drug-disease-interactions
drug interactions Archives - familydoctor.orgdrug interactions Archives - familydoctor.org
Drug-Nutrient Interactions and Drug-Supplement Interactions , Examples of Dietary Supplement Interactions Some dietary ... Drug-Nutrient Interactions and Drug-Supplement Interactions Its important to talk to your doctor about the medicines, vitamins ... Drug-Supplement Interactions St. Johns wort can affect the way your body processes prescription and over-the-counter drugs. ... Drug Reactions An adverse drug reaction can occur if your body responds badly to a medicine. Anyone can have an adverse ...
https://familydoctor.org/tag/drug-interactions/
Appendix C. Drug interactions of clinical significanceAppendix C. Drug interactions of clinical significance
Disclaimer All MMWR HTML versions of articles are electronic conversions from ASCII text into HTML. This conversion may have resulted in character translation or format errors in the HTML version. Users should not rely on this HTML document, but are referred to the electronic PDF version and/or the original MMWR paper copy for the official text, figures, and tables. An original paper copy of this issue can be obtained from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO), Washington, DC 20402-9371; telephone: (202) 512-1800. Contact GPO for current prices.. **Questions or messages regarding errors in formatting should be addressed to [email protected] Page converted: 11/23/2004. ...
https://www.cdc.gov/mmWr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5314a4.htm
Drug Interactions: Prescription Drugs & OTC MedicationsDrug Interactions: Prescription Drugs & OTC Medications
Drug interactions can occur with prescription drugs, OTC medications, grapefruit and other foods, vitamins, herbs, supplements ... Learn about potential drug interactions you may be exposed to. ... drug-drug interactions), as well as drugs with food (drug-food ... A drug interaction can be defined as an interaction between a drug and another substance that prevents the drug from performing ... Drug interactions may lead to an increase or decrease in the beneficial or the adverse effects of the given drugs. When a drug ...
https://www.medicinenet.com/drug_interactions/article.htm
St. Johns Wort: Drug-Supplement InteractionsSt. John's Wort: Drug-Supplement Interactions
Johns wort can affect the way your body processes prescription and over-the-counter drugs. When this happens, your medicine… ... Drug-Nutrient Interactions and Drug-Supplement Interactions , Examples of Dietary Supplement Interactions. Read Article >> ... Drug-Nutrient Interactions and Drug-Supplement Interactions , Examples of Dietary Supplement Interactions. Read Article >> ... Drug-Nutrient Interactions and Drug-Supplement Interactions , Examples of Dietary Supplement Interactions. Some dietary ...
https://familydoctor.org/st-johns-wort-drug-supplement-interactions/
Drug Interactions: Understanding the Risk | FDADrug Interactions: Understanding the Risk | FDA
Recognizing Drug Interactions. Drug-drug interactions occur when two or more drugs - prescription and/or OTC -- react with each ... Some drug interactions can make the drug you take less effective. And some combinations of drugs can be dangerous. For example ... Every time you use a drug, take the time to learn about possible drug interactions and read the drug label. ... Because of the amount of time a particular drug stays in your body and due to its interaction with another drug you are taking ...
https://www.fda.gov/drugs/special-features/drug-interactions-understanding-risk
Herbs: Toxicities, Side Effects, & Drug InteractionsHerbs: Toxicities, Side Effects, & Drug Interactions
Information about herbs and the possible toxic side effects and drug interaction information. Herbs including ginkgo biloba, ... Johns Wort drug interactions. *Uses: St. Johns Wort is popularly used as an herbal treatment for depression, anxiety, and ... Garlic Drug interactions. *Uses: Garlic has been used to lower blood pressure and cholesterol (Dr. Lucinda Miller notes that ... Ginseng drug interactions. *Uses: Ginseng has been used to stimulate the adrenal gland, and thereby increase energy. It also ...
https://www.medicinenet.com/herbs__toxicities_and_drug_interactions/views.htm
Drug Interactions - WD VaultDrug Interactions - WD Vault
Many people only worry about drug-drug interactions, but youre right to be concerned about food and herbal supplements as well ... Many people only worry about drug-drug interactions, but youre. right to be concerned about food and herbal supplements as ... herbal supplements, avoid St Johns Wort if you take digoxin or a statin drug to ... Ritalin, sleeping pills like Ambien, or a depression drug in the MAO inhibitor ...
https://www.womansday.com/life/a41579/drug-interactions-5332/
Rosemary: Health benefits, precautions, and drug interactionsRosemary: Health benefits, precautions, and drug interactions
Drug interactions. Rosemary can affect the way that some medications work. Rosemary can affect the activity of some medications ... Inflammation: Old drug offers new hope When inflammation is out of control, it can cause significant damage to healthy tissue. ... www.umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/herb-interaction/possible-interactions-with-rosemary ... Anticoagulant drugs: These include blood-thinning medications, such as Warfarin, Aspirin, and Clopidogrel. ...
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/266370.php
Domperidone for Gastroparesis: Beware of Drug InteractionsDomperidone for Gastroparesis: Beware of Drug Interactions
Use of domperidone requires special monitoring of drug interactions and cardiac function. According to new research, we need to ... Domperidone Drug Interactions Are Serious It is extremely important that prescribers and patients using this drug are aware of ... to enable a cross-check for potential drug-drug interactions. Accordingly, patients, prescribers, and pharmacists would ... the risk for drug interactions and pay particular attention to two types of drugs that may interact with domperidone[4]:. *. ...
https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/885210
Drug Receptor Interactions in Antimicrobial Chemotherapy | SpringerLinkDrug Receptor Interactions in Antimicrobial Chemotherapy | SpringerLink
The concept of chemotherapy as originated by Paul Ehrlich is based on the premise that antiparasitic drugs must have two ... Physicochemical Factors in Drug-Receptor Interactions Demonstrated on the Example of the Sulfanilamides ... Drug Receptor Interactions in Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. Symposium, Vienna, September 4-6, 1974. ... The concept of chemotherapy as originated by Paul Ehrlich is based on the premise that antiparasitic drugs must have two ...
https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-7091-8405-9
Nateglinide Drug Interactions - Drugs.comNateglinide Drug Interactions - Drugs.com
Drugs.com Mobile Apps. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own ... Check for interactions with nateglinide. Type in a drug name and select a drug from the list. ... There is 1 alcohol/food interaction with nateglinide. nateglinide disease Interactions. There are 4 disease interactions with ... drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with ...
https://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/nateglinide.html
Dexmedetomidine Drug Interactions - Drugs.comDexmedetomidine Drug Interactions - Drugs.com
Drugs.com Mobile Apps. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own ... Check for interactions with dexmedetomidine. Type in a drug name and select a drug from the list. ... drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with ... 695 moderate drug interactions (4284 brand and generic names). Show all medications in the database that may interact with ...
https://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/dexmedetomidine.html
Drug interactions with cannabinoids | CMAJDrug interactions with cannabinoids | CMAJ
Drug-drug interaction between clobazam and cannabidiol in children with refractory epilepsy. Epilepsia 2015;56:1246-51. ... Evidence of a clinically significant drug-drug interaction between cannabidiol and tacrolimus. Am J Transplant 2019;19:2944-8. ... A marijuana-drug interaction primer: precipitants, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics. Pharmacol Ther 2019;201:25-38. ... Drug interactions with cannabinoids. Tony Antoniou, Jack Bodkin and Joanne M.-W. Ho ...
https://www.cmaj.ca/content/192/9/E206
drug interactions Archives - Healthy.netdrug interactions Archives - Healthy.net
But new evidence shows that many drugs interact with food and other drugs, and the risk of side effects skyrockets, the more dr ... Many conditions mistakenly considered new diseases are, in fact, unrecognised drug interactions ... About half of all senior patients take several prescribed or over-the-counter (OTC) drugs simultaneously, and frequently over ... The drug, manufactured by Smithkline Beecham, is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), ...
https://healthy.net/tag/drug-interactions/
Jacksons death raises questions about drug interactions - CNN.comJackson's death raises questions about drug interactions - CNN.com
... the serious health problems that can be triggered by drug interactions are again in the spotlight. ... As friends of pop star Michael Jackson discuss the role prescription drugs may have played in his Thursday death, ... The Food and Drug Administration highlights several interactions between drugs and various substances on its Web site. ... Many drug interactions occur because of the way they are metabolized in the liver, said Lois Parker, senior pharmacist at ...
http://www.cnn.com/2009/HEALTH/06/26/jackson.drug.interaction.caution/index.html
Drug Interactions - POZDrug Interactions - POZ
If youre using drugs, drinking alcohol regularly or taking methadone while youre taking HIV medicines, you need to know that ... Drugs can make your HIV meds less effective. Or your HIV meds can make you have a bad trip on some drugs. Even worse, some HIV ... He or she should be able to give you information about any potential drug interactions. Your doctor may recommend changing your ... If you use drugs after you begin HIV treatment, start slowly. Just half of your usual hit may have the same effect that the ...
https://www.poz.com/article/Drug-Interactions-937-6644
Mechanisms of ethanol-drug-nutrition interactions. - PubMed - NCBIMechanisms of ethanol-drug-nutrition interactions. - PubMed - NCBI
Mechanisms of ethanol-drug-nutrition interactions.. Lieber CS1.. Author information. 1. Alcohol Research and Treatment Center, ... The contribution of gastric alcohol dehydrogenase to the first pass metabolism of ethanol and alcohol-drug interactions is now ... Alcohol also alters the degradation of key nutrients, thereby promoting deficiencies as well as toxic interactions with vitamin ... commonly used drugs, over-the-counter medications and carcinogens. ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7966525?dopt=Abstract
Network analysis of adverse drug interactions. - PubMed - NCBINetwork analysis of adverse drug interactions. - PubMed - NCBI
In this study, we created a drug-drug interaction network from drug package inserts and characterized drug interactions. The ... In the resulting drug-drug interaction network, the drugs that are associated with the same interaction factors are closely ... We defined drug target and drug-metabolizing enzymes as interaction factors using information on them in KEGG DRUG, and ... These drug interactions result in increased or decreased drug effects, or produce other new unwanted effects and are serious ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19425139
Clinically Relevant Drug-Drug Interactions in Primary CareClinically Relevant Drug-Drug Interactions in Primary Care
Review common and predictable drug interactions associated with antimicrobials, warfarin, amiodarone, antihypertensives, and ... Clinically Relevant Drug-Drug Interactions in Primary Care. Mary Carpenter, PharmD; Holly Berry, PharmD; Allen L. Pelletier, MD ... Table 6. Drugs Associated with Moderate and High QTc Prolongation Drug category. Drug class/name*. ... Software programs that identify potentially serious drug interactions may reduce risk of harm.. C 2. ...
https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/912836_6
Drug-food interactions in mountaineering | EurekAlert! Science NewsDrug-food interactions in mountaineering | EurekAlert! Science News
According to their study, the possible interactions between drugs and food and nutrients taken may endanger the mountaineers ... After that, an assessment was made of the drug-food interactions that may arise, as well as the risks of these interactions for ... Drug-food interactions in mountaineering. University of the Basque Country Journal. Revista Internacional de Medicina y ... Drug-food interactions in mountaineering Failure to carry out strict control of the products mountaineers consume could ...
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-10/uotb-dii100214.php
Drug interactions with foods - Healthy.netDrug interactions with foods - Healthy.net
... the report of a review of all major studies of the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in hospitalised patients (JAMA, ... But this and all other data on drug reactions only cover reactions to drugs and interactions between drugs.. What is usually ... If you are taking a drug and know something about that drug, you cannot assume that the same applies to a closely related drug ... Drug interactions with foods. What Doctors Dont Tell You3 min read ...
https://healthy.net/2006/07/02/drug-interactions-with-foods/
Avoiding Adverse Drug Interactions Can Prevent Hospitalizations in Older AdultsAvoiding Adverse Drug Interactions Can Prevent Hospitalizations in Older Adults
While anyone can experience a drug interaction, seniors are often more at risk. ... "Taking multiple medications concurrently may become problematic to a patients health; the risk of drug interactions and drug- ... since these can cause adverse drug interactions.. "Common herbals that interact with certain drugs include green tea, kava, ... Since seniors are often taking larger quantities of drugs, they have an increased risk of many CYP450 interactions, whether ...
http://www.prweb.com/releases/2018/02/prweb15183047.htm
Drug-DNA Interaction Protocols | SpringerLinkDrug-DNA Interaction Protocols | SpringerLink
... expert researchers describe powerful molecular techniques designed to illuminate and explore the interaction of drugs and ... as well as physical approaches to measuring both the strength of interaction and the mode of drug binding to DNA. Drug ... Evaluation of Drug-Nucleic Acid Interactions by Thermal Melting Curves W. David Wilson, Farial A. Tanious, Maria Fernandez-Saiz ... Drug-DNA Interactions will be highly useful to all investigators needing the kind of detailed experimental and technical ...
https://link.springer.com/book/10.1385/089603447X
Check for Drug InteractionsCheck for Drug Interactions
Check both over the counter ( OTC) and regular prescription drugs interactions. Interactions can cause any unexpected health ... Check for Drug to Drug interaction for two or more drugs. ... Check for Drug Interactions. Check for Drug Interactions. .rate ... Drug-drug interaction: When the reaction occurs between two (or more) drugs. For example if you take a drug for allergy (an ... Drug-condition interaction: A drug reaction that occurs when the drug is taken in certain medical conditions. For example if ...
https://www.medindia.net/patients/calculators/check-for-drug-interactions.asp
Drug interactions by Nick Haddington on PreziDrug interactions by Nick Haddington on Prezi
Transcript of Drug interactions. Drug interactions. Pharmacokinetic. Can be classified as.... Pharmacodynamic. Absorption. ... Generally, these interactions are either mediated via:. 1. Different drug acting at the same receptor site. 2. Different drugs ... Remember, when thinking about LIVER ENZYME mediated drug interactions, drugs can be:. A SUBSTRATE for an enzyme. An INHIBITOR ... DRUG FORMULATION). This interaction can be reduced by giving itraconazole with an acidic CARBONATED DRINK, like cola! ( ...
https://prezi.com/pki-yntvrwhj/drug-interactions/
Apixaban Drug Interaction Potential | Anticoagulation ServicesApixaban Drug Interaction Potential | Anticoagulation Services
The Top 100 Drug Interactions: A Guide to Patient Management, 2014 ed, H&H Publications, Freeland WA 2014. ... Drug Class. Examples (based on human in vivo data1). Known or Probable Effect. US PI Recommendations. UW Medicine ... Pharmacokinetic Interactions 1. The absorption of apixaban is mediated by P-glycoprotein (P-gp). P-gp inhibitors can increase ... Pharmacodynamic Interactions The concurrent use of apixaban with other anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, and nonsteroidal ...
https://depts.washington.edu/anticoag/home/content/apixaban-drug-interaction-potential
Salvia noopept drug interaction experience : SalviaSalvia noopept drug interaction experience : Salvia
Noopept itself doesnt have much of an effect but it is used as a drug enhancer for a lot of psychedelics including but not ... As a lot of you might already know Salvinorin A only affects the k-opioid receptor so I didnt really expect any interactions, ... I also found this trip report (https://drugs-forum.com/forum/showthread.php?t=189053) of someone doing the same thing with ...
https://www.reddit.com/r/Salvia/comments/5owdjw/salvia_noopept_drug_interaction_experience/
MedicationsPharmacistInteractAbsorptionMetabolismNonsteroidal anti-John's WortClinicalPharmacokinetic InteractionsCombinationsPatientsMedicationInhibitionHerb-drug interactionsDangerous Drug InteractionsDepletion and Interaction ChartsEnzymesOccurTherapeuticCenters for DiseasAlcoholSide effectsIncreasesFood and Drug Administration'sDietary supplementsDDIsPotentiallyMedicinesMedsGrapefruit-drug interactionsCommonlyPracticeMinimizeLiverPharmacodynamicClinically significant drug-drug2020PharmacodynamicsFatalAdverse drug reacPharmacological2017InhibitorsNauseaPreventableMechanismsSedativeHerbsSupplementsADRsContraindicationsPossible interactionsReactionsPotential drugResearchersInterfereRisk of Drug-Drug InteractionsHealthcareAvoidHerbalBeta BlockersPrescription
Medications46
  • Some drugs have serious side effects in combination with other medications. (cnn.com)
  • If you have medications that are handled through the liver in the same way that others are, that can cause interactions,' she said. (cnn.com)
  • It generates oxygen radicals and activates many xenobiotics to toxic metabolites, thereby explaining the increased vulnerability of heavy drinkers to industrial solvents, anesthetics, commonly used drugs, over-the-counter medications and carcinogens. (nih.gov)
  • Older adults can prevent adverse drug interactions by reducing the number of medications they take, communicating with their physician or pharmacist and making other lifestyle changes, advises Don Brindisi, pharmacy manager at Masonic Village. (prweb.com)
  • the risk of drug interactions and drug-related problems increases with the use of multiple medications," Brindisi said. (prweb.com)
  • Being prescribed medications from multiple healthcare providers - especially those working independently of each other - is likely to lead to drug interactions," Brindisi said. (prweb.com)
  • More medications and dietary supplements are available today than ever-from heart and diabetes drugs to vitamins and herbal supplements. (healthcentral.com)
  • Your physician should be asking about your use of herbal or natural products and other OTC medications in order to evaluate the potential for adverse interactions. (chiroweb.com)
  • Will a new prescription cause an adverse reaction with any herbs, vitamins, OTC medications, or prescription drugs I am already taking? (chiroweb.com)
  • Linda Cody has learned to carefully document the medications she takes every day to avoid a dangerous mix of usually harmless drugs. (news9.com)
  • The National Consumers League (NCL) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have teamed up to alert consumers to the possibility that the medications they are taking could interact with foods, caffeine, and alcohol. (consumeraffairs.com)
  • With millions of Americans taking prescription or over-the-counter medications each day, the issue of interactions between medications and certain foods is of growing importance. (consumeraffairs.com)
  • Despite how widespread our use of prescription medications has come, many Americans likely don't give a second thought to whether the foods they regularly eat and drink might make certain drugs less effective, or even pose the risk of dangerous interactions," said Sally Greenberg, NCL executive director. (consumeraffairs.com)
  • The "Avoid Food-Drug Interactions" brochure includes dozens of common medications and examples of interactions with certain foods, alcohol, and caffeine. (consumeraffairs.com)
  • Our brochure is a great resource to learn about your risk of possible interactions, but consumers must also talk to their doctors or pharmacists to ensure they take their medications safely. (consumeraffairs.com)
  • It's always good to discuss your medications and supplements with your doctor and pharmacist- to see if there are possible interactions or potential toxicities. (thebody.com)
  • There are no significant drug-drug interactions between naltrexone and the medications in Atripla . (thebody.com)
  • The main types of alcohol-interactive drugs reported in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were antihypertensives, sleeping aids, pain relievers, muscle relaxers, antidiabetes agents, cholesterol medications, antidepressants, and antipsychotics. (uspharmacist.com)
  • For decades, scientists have wrestled with the problem that trusted prescription medications can combine in dangerous ways, often placing Americans at risk when they take more than one drug. (chicagotribune.com)
  • The drugs include several widely prescribed medications, none of them linked to the cardiac condition on its own. (chicagotribune.com)
  • Typically, researchers trying to spot drug interactions analyze the FDA archive and scientific literature for signs that a pair of medications is causing harm. (chicagotribune.com)
  • Hitherto, few data have been provided to the healthcare practitioners about the drug-drug interactions of cannabinoids with other prescription medications. (mdpi.com)
  • Talk the pharmacist in private about the interactions of your medications, they usually know more than the docs, have better software to look it up. (healingwell.com)
  • Grapefruit juice appeared on the food-drug interaction radar in the late 1980s when scientists discovered that it contains natural substances that can affect the way certain prescription medications are broken down (metabolized) by an enzyme, known as CYP3A4. (medgadget.com)
  • According to a recently published study, psychiatric medications can account for up to 50% of the ADRs for hospitalized patients with mental illness, many of which can be attributed to drug-drug interactions. (uspharmacist.com)
  • Psychiatric drug interactions resulting from impaired absorption are similar to those seen with medical medications. (uspharmacist.com)
  • Fifty-two percent of the tested pharmacies sold the medications without mentioning the potential interaction. (chicagotribune.com)
  • Flowers, who chairs the Health Care Availability and Accessibility Committee, said she would seek in the new legislative session starting in January to have pharmacists file reports with the state when doctors prescribe medications that are risky when taken together, to require pharmacy computers to clearly define the most dangerous interactions, and to require doctors to tell patients when the medicine combination needs to be changed. (chicagotribune.com)
  • However, the effect only became well-publicized after being responsible for a number of adverse interactions with various medications. (wikipedia.org)
  • The complexity of addressing and avoiding drug interactions has become more challenging with the vast increase in the number of new medications. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • The goal of this activity is to provide an understanding of interactions associated with psychotropic medications. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • The complexity of addressing and avoiding drug interactions has become more challenging with the vast increase in the number of new medications and the shift in focus from time-limited acute treatments to preventive and maintenance therapy for chronic illness. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • While these medications are helpful for treating many different symptoms, it is essential to stay on guard for potential problems such as an allergic reaction or dangerous drug interaction that can lead to life-threatening symptoms in the patients who take the wrong medications together. (edrugsearch.com)
  • According to a report from Reuters, taking ginkgo biloba, St. John's wort and several other widely used herbal medications may impede the potency of prescription drugs, making them more or less effective. (edrugsearch.com)
  • We can see the effect of some of these herb-drug interactions - some of which can be life-threatening - on tests for blood clotting, liver enzymes and, with some medications, on electrocardiogram," Dr. Arshad Jahangir of the Mayo Clinic in Arizona said in a telephone interview. (edrugsearch.com)
  • Researchers from the University of Chicago Medical Center report in the Dec. 24/31, 2008 issue of JAMA that more than half of older Americans take five or more prescription medications - and that an alarming number of these seniors risk harmful drug interactions. (edrugsearch.com)
  • Medications can interact with other medications, both prescription and over-the-counter, but did you know that drugs can interact with foods, beverages, and herbs, too? (onhealth.com)
  • Schreiber suggests that chiropractors investigate the drug classes and side-effects of medications the patient is taking to see if they conflict with or even magnify the impact of the supplement. (chiroeco.com)
  • If you are taking a drug that slows down liver enzymes, your health care provider may need to adjust the doses of your other medications. (thewellproject.org)
  • Do not increase your dose or use it more frequently than prescribed without your doctor's approval.If you use other asthma drugs (including inhaled medications), ask your doctor about how to properly use this medication with your other asthma medicines.If this medication stops working well, or if your breathing symptoms become worse, or if you need to use this medication more frequently than usual, seek immediate medical attention. (medicinenet.com)
  • Unlike furanocoumarin-rich grapefruit juice which could primarily precipitate drug interactions by strong inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 isoenzyme and P-glycoprotein and thus cause deadly outcomes due to co-ingestion with some medications, other fruit juices did not precipitate severely detrimental food-drug interaction despite of sporadic case reports. (cranberryinstitute.org)
  • Much attention should be paid to adolescents and the elderly who ingest medications with drinking fruit juices or consume fresh fruits during drug treatment. (cranberryinstitute.org)
  • We need better prescribing abilities that don't set off alarms about drug interactions for every pair of medications prescribe, to the point that frustrated physicians disable that feature. (acpinternist.org)
  • This can take the form of the wrong dose size, the wrong medications, and other errors which can lead to a negative drug interaction. (legalmatch.com)
  • phenergan dosage 2 year old Learn about Demerol (Meperidine) pain treatment, uses, demerol and phenergan drug interactions dosage, side effects, drug interactions, is zofran or phenergan better for nausea warnings, patient labeling, reviews, and related medications. (drowsydriving.org)
  • Over a third (36%) of the elderly in the U.S. regularly use five or more medications or supplements, and 15% are at risk of a significant drug-drug interaction. (wikipedia.org)
Pharmacist15
  • When beginning a new prescription to treat your arthritis or related condition, you should always discuss potential food and beverage interactions with your doctor or pharmacist. (arthritis.org)
  • Talk to your health care providers and pharmacist about all the drugs that you take. (fda.gov)
  • Because of the amount of time a particular drug stays in your body and due to its interaction with another drug you are taking, a pharmacist may advise you to take each drug at different times of the day. (fda.gov)
  • If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist. (drugs.com)
  • Many drug interactions occur because of the way they are metabolized in the liver, said Lois Parker, senior pharmacist at Massachusetts General Hospital. (cnn.com)
  • Talk to your doctor or a pharmacist about the drugs you take, including methadone. (poz.com)
  • Though not much is known about how HIV meds interact with drugs, alcohol or methadone, it is a good idea to talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist about what is known so you can stay as healthy as possible. (poz.com)
  • However, they should tell their primary care physician and pharmacist, since these can cause adverse drug interactions. (prweb.com)
  • Use it before starting another drug and check with your doctor or pharmacist if you have any doubts. (medindia.net)
  • Do you trust your pharmacist to catch drug interactions? (healingwell.com)
  • She also wants signs prominently posted at pharmacies that provide a state hotline number for patients to call if a pharmacist failed to catch a bad drug interaction or if a pharmacist fails to tell a patient about the potential for a major drug interaction. (chicagotribune.com)
  • People are also advised to ask their physician or pharmacist about drug interactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • be sure to talk with your doctor and pharmacist, and to use online tools like DoubleCheckMD, to ensure that your drug regimen is safe. (edrugsearch.com)
  • Understanding the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics responsible for these significant interactions strengthens the pharmacist?s chances of identifying dangers and preventing patient harm. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • In other cases, a doctor or pharmacist may recommend the patient take some other drugs with milk or a bit of dairy to minimize the risk of upset stomach. (onhealth.com)
Interact20
  • Drugs also may interact with laboratory tests, changing the proper results of the laboratory test. (medicinenet.com)
  • There are several mechanisms by which drugs interact with other drugs, food, and other substances. (medicinenet.com)
  • A total of 883 drugs (5717 brand and generic names) are known to interact with nateglinide . (drugs.com)
  • If you're using drugs, drinking alcohol regularly or taking methadone while you're taking HIV medicines, you need to know that sometimes these substances interact. (poz.com)
  • Indeed, at the forum 'Nutrition Today', held in Stuttgart in 2000, evidence was presented that some 315 drugs interact with a wide variety of foods. (healthy.net)
  • These drugs interact with the calcium in milk products and with calcium-containing nutritional supplements, as well as with calcium-fortified foods (such as calcium-fortified juices, soya milk, etc). (healthy.net)
  • Common herbals that interact with certain drugs include green tea, kava, grapefruit juice, Echinacea and certain vitamins," Brindisi said. (prweb.com)
  • According to the paper, the druggable genome can be defined as the genes or gene products that are known or predicted to interact with drugs, ideally with a therapeutic benefit to patients. (genengnews.com)
  • There are equally effective alternatives to these drug classes that do not have the potential to interact with grapefruit. (aafp.org)
  • Patients should discontinue grapefruit consumption for 72 hours before use of a drug that may interact with it. (aafp.org)
  • Illinois law also requires pharmacies to conduct several drug safety checks on prescriptions, including whether the dose is reasonable and whether the medication might interact with other drugs the patient is taking. (chicagotribune.com)
  • Foods and botanicals that commonly interact with cancer drugs include grapefruit juice, St. John's wort, ginkgo, and kava kava. (mskcc.org)
  • Some fruit juices and fruits can interact with numerous drugs, in many cases causing adverse effects. (wikipedia.org)
  • It can also interact with blood thinners, so people who use drugs like aspirin or warfarin should be particularly cautious, Dr. Sukol said. (nytimes.com)
  • Drug combinations have the potential to interact, sometimes with deleterious effects, and patients with cancer face a real risk for such drug interactions that have clinical consequences, according to new findings. (bidmc.org)
  • Proteins, the biological molecules that are involved in virtually every action of every organism, may themselves move in surprising ways, according to a recent study from the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory that may shed new light on how proteins interact with drugs and other small molecules. (innovations-report.com)
  • This study, which relied on the intense X-ray beams available at Argonne's Advanced Photon Source, uses a new approach to characterize the ways in which proteins move around in solution to interact with other molecules, including drugs, metabolites or pieces of DNA. (innovations-report.com)
  • Iron supplements interact with a long list of drugs used to treat a variety of conditions. (onhealth.com)
  • While many patients are aware of prescription drug interactions, supplements may also interact with prescription and non-prescription medicines. (chiroeco.com)
  • BPA, a crucial component in plastics production, has shown to interact with various anti-cancer therapeutics, which can result in drug resistance and reduced effectiveness. (news-medical.net)
Absorption24
  • Calcium can interfere with the absorption of these drugs and make them less effective. (arthritis.org)
  • Most of the important drug interactions result from a change in the absorption, metabolism, or elimination of a drug. (medicinenet.com)
  • Most drug interactions that are due to altered absorption occur in the intestine. (medicinenet.com)
  • There are various ways that the absorption of drugs can be reduced. (medicinenet.com)
  • Drug absorption also can be affected if the drug's ability to dissolve (solubility) is changed by another drug or if a substance (for example, food) binds to the drug and prevents its absorption. (medicinenet.com)
  • Solubility and absorption REDUCED by other drugs that alkalinise (relatively) the stomach - i.e. (prezi.com)
  • The absorption of the pro-drug dabigatran etexilate is mediated by P-glycoprotein (P-gp). (washington.edu)
  • P-gp inhibitors can increase the absorption of dabigatran etexilate, ultimately increasing both AUC and Cmax of dabigatran, the active drug. (washington.edu)
  • Conversely, P-gp inducers can reduce the absorption of dabigatran etexilate, ultimately decreasing AUC and Cmax of dabigatran, the active drug. (washington.edu)
  • Calcium, magnesium and aluminum found in food supplements or antacids bind with the antibiotic TCN, resulting in decreased absorption and antibiotic effect of the drug. (chiroweb.com)
  • Foods may alter the effects of drugs by interfering with pharmacokinetic processes, such as absorption and elimination. (nih.gov)
  • This means that grapefruit juice has the potential to enhance the absorption of these certain prescription drugs. (medgadget.com)
  • Bulk laxatives such as psyllium, magnesium-based antacids, and lactulose products may reduce the absorption of other drugs if administered at the same time. (uspharmacist.com)
  • There has been increasing focus on the role of the drug transporter P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in drug absorption into the brain. (uspharmacist.com)
  • While the tissue distribution of Pgp influences the effect of psychotropics and the interaction potential for drugs such as risperidone, nortriptyline, and citalopram at the interface between the blood and central nervous system (CNS), Pgp is also found in other areas of the body such as the intestines, which are a major site for drug absorption into the body. (uspharmacist.com)
  • It is thought that some interactions, mainly seen with the antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), previously assumed to be a result of CYP450 alterations, instead may actually be mediated by the modulation of the Pgp activity at the point of drug absorption or distribution. (uspharmacist.com)
  • Various herbs can affect drug absorption and metabolism, for example, which can in turn increase or decrease the effectiveness and toxicity of various medicines. (mskcc.org)
  • Low drug concentrations can also be caused when the fruit suppresses drug absorption from the intestine. (wikipedia.org)
  • The effect of grapefruit juice with regard to drug absorption was originally discovered in 1989. (wikipedia.org)
  • In some cases, the cause of thyroid medication not working is reduced absorption because of these interactions. (edrugsearch.com)
  • Even so, if you look at the various tables, what you will see over-and-over is that most of these drugs, regardless of the class they are in, deplete key nutrients like the B, C and D vitamins, as well as Co-Q 10, and also wipes out (or blocks absorption of) various essential minerals. (chiro.org)
  • Cholesterol -lowering drugs including cholestyramine and colestipol interfere with the absorption of iron. (onhealth.com)
  • Conversely, iron decreases the absorption of some drugs including antibiotics like quinolones and tetracyclines and ACE inhibitors that treat high BP. (onhealth.com)
  • There are quite a few drugs that interfere with the absorption of thyroid-replacement therapy, for example. (acpinternist.org)
Metabolism12
  • Some drugs are able to reduce or increase the metabolism of other drugs by the liver or their elimination by the kidney. (medicinenet.com)
  • Metabolism of drugs is the process through which the body converts (alters or modifies) drugs into forms that are more or less active (for example, by converting drugs that are given in inactive forms into their active forms that actually produce the desired effect) or that are easier for the body to eliminate through the kidneys. (medicinenet.com)
  • Most drug metabolism takes place in the liver, but other organs also may play a role (for example, the kidneys, intestine, etc. (medicinenet.com)
  • The cytochrome P450 enzymes are a group of enzymes in the liver that are responsible for the metabolism of most drugs. (medicinenet.com)
  • The contribution of gastric alcohol dehydrogenase to the first pass metabolism of ethanol and alcohol-drug interactions is now recognized. (nih.gov)
  • The elderly have less cytochrome P-450 (CYP450), an enzyme involved in drug metabolism, which leads to the change in drug metabolism being less pronounced. (prweb.com)
  • Such factors include the potency and concentration of the drugs involved, the therapeutic index balanced between efficacy and toxicity, the presence of active metabolites, and the extent of the metabolism of the substrate drug. (uspharmacist.com)
  • Unlike inhibition that occurs immediately when drug binds to substrate, inducers responsible for increasing hepatic metabolism can require days or weeks to produce the most significant effect and therefore may not substantially impact treatment decisions in an acute care environment. (uspharmacist.com)
  • Compromising its metabolism lowers concentrations of the active drug, reducing its therapeutic effect, and risking therapeutic failure. (wikipedia.org)
  • The primary purpose for drug metabolism is to detoxify, inactivate, solubilize and eliminate these drugs. (wikipedia.org)
  • verification needed] As a result, the amount of the drug in its original form that reaches systemic circulation is reduced due to this first-pass metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Drug interactions with antiretrovirals are commonly caused by the inhibition or induction of hepatic drug metabolism. (medscape.com)
Nonsteroidal anti-5
  • Test your knowledge about taking acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). (arthritis.org)
  • On the advice of an expert panel that reviewed new information about nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and naproxen and their risks, the Food and Drug Administration in 2015 strengthened its warnings of heart attack and stroke risk increase even with short-term use, and warned the risk may begin within a few weeks of starting to take an NSAID. (aarp.org)
  • But, after analyzing common combinations of pills-which include statins, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antiplatelet agents such as aspirin and clopidogrel, and anticoagulants like warfarin-the researchers found that the number of older people at risk of a serious drug-drug interaction nearly doubled over five years-from 8.4 to 15.1 percent. (healthcentral.com)
  • Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most popular drugs in the pharmacy. (peoplespharmacy.com)
  • Patients who drink alcohol while taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increases the risk of stomach bleeding. (onhealth.com)
John's Wort2
  • St. John's wort can affect the way your body processes prescription and over-the-counter drugs. (familydoctor.org)
  • Other serious alcohol interactions are associated with over-the-counter antihistamines and herbal remedies such as kava kava, St. John's wort, chamomile, valerian, and lavender. (webmd.com)
Clinical12
  • Clinical data are limited regarding drug interactions with inhaled zanamivir. (cdc.gov)
  • Limited clinical data are available regarding drug interactions with oral oseltamivir. (cdc.gov)
  • Few published data from clinical trials are available concerning the safety or efficacy of using combinations of different classes of influenza antiviral drugs. (cdc.gov)
  • The drug and drug interactions databases in UpToDate add another level of knowledge to clinical practice and help improve the quality and safety of care. (uptodate.com)
  • Drug-food interactions are a significant problem in clinical practice. (nih.gov)
  • The population impact of this preventable drug-drug interaction can be considered in the context of the high frequency of clarithromycin and statin co-prescription (rosuvastatin, or Crestor, was the second most commonly dispensed drug in Canada in 2010)," writes Dr. Amit Garg, a nephrologist in the Department of Medicine, Western University, and scientist at the Lawson Health Research Institute and Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences Western, London, Ont. (eurekalert.org)
  • The experiment began with thousands of patient files, millions of prescription orders, billions of clinical measurements and a single question: Could big data be used to discover deadly drug combinations? (chicagotribune.com)
  • The first published clinical report on grapefruit drug interactions was in 1991 in The Lancet entitled "Interactions of Citrus Juices with Felodipine and Nifedipine. (wikipedia.org)
  • This is a clinical trial to characterize drug interactions between silimarine and the protease inhibitor darunavir/ritonavir. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Twenty-two juice-drug combinations showed potential clinical relevance. (cranberryinstitute.org)
  • However, another study questions the clinical relevancy of in vivo pharmacokinetic interaction between cranberry juice and midazolam. (cranberryinstitute.org)
  • With respect to pharmacodynamic aspects, while the debate continues on the issue of an interaction between warfarin and cranberry juice, the summation of the pharmacodynamics data obtained in patients and healthy subjects from different prospectively designed and controlled clinical trials does not provide overwhelming support for the existence of a pharmacodynamic drug interaction for normal cranberry juice ingestion. (cranberryinstitute.org)
Pharmacokinetic Interactions1
  • Among 46 finally included RCTs, six RCTs simply addressed pharmacodynamic interactions and 33 RCTs studied pharmacokinetic interactions, whereas seven RCTs investigated both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions. (cranberryinstitute.org)
Combinations14
  • And some combinations of drugs can be dangerous. (fda.gov)
  • A 2008 study in the Journal of the American Medical Association showed that about 2.2 million people age 57 to 85 were taking potentially dangerous combinations of drugs. (cnn.com)
  • But new worries have emerged that suggest a growing number of older Americans are taking drug combinations that put them at risk for a harmful or even deadly drug interaction. (healthcentral.com)
  • The research team spotted 93 potentially dangerous combinations, based on the 40 most commonly used drugs and supplements. (healthcentral.com)
  • However, once drugs prescribed for other conditions and over-the-counter (OTC) supplements are added, the combinations may result in significant harm. (healthcentral.com)
  • Two years later, the results are in: The team has identified four drug combinations associated with a heart condition that can lead to a potentially fatal arrhythmia. (chicagotribune.com)
  • To find the potentially risky combinations, the Tribune enlisted the help of scientists at Columbia, who used sophisticated algorithms to analyze a massive government database of drug complaints for signs of the heart condition. (chicagotribune.com)
  • The team next turned to Columbia cellular researchers, who tested one of the drug combinations on individual cells. (chicagotribune.com)
  • However, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics interactions could be perceived in drug combinations, so in this short review we tried to shed light on the potential drug interactions of medicinal cannabis. (mdpi.com)
  • The amount of information on drug-drug interactions is overwhelming, so health systems have implemented the use of computer software to assist in the detection of these problematic combinations. (uspharmacist.com)
  • Gov. Bruce Rauner on Monday asked state agencies to study ways to improve accountability at pharmacies following a Tribune investigation on local drugstores' high failure rate in advising their customers of bad drug combinations. (chicagotribune.com)
  • This study examined the interactions of various drugs used to treat HIV infection in order to design larger studies of possible combinations for people who continue to have high viral levels despite combination therapy. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • According to the researchers, at least one in 25 older adults take multiple drugs in combinations that can produce a harmful drug interaction. (edrugsearch.com)
  • This is known as an adverse drug-drug interaction and it is very expensive and time-consuming to screen a new drug candidate with all the possible combinations of drugs that a patient may be taking. (medgadget.com)
Patients41
  • Another recent study showed that a triple-combination antiviral drug (TCAD) regimen consisting of oral doses of amantadine, oseltamivir, and ribavirin, had similar pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers to each individual antiviral during monotherapy following a single oral dose, and that TCAD was administered safely in immunocompromised patients (Seo, 2013). (cdc.gov)
  • Information about drug components, interactions, usage in pregnancy , while breastfeeding , for pediatric patients, and dosing limits are outlined and made available in standard references for doctors treating patients. (medicinenet.com)
  • The recent American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) guideline on gastroparesis [ 2 ] states: "For patients unable to use metoclopramide, domperidone can be prescribed with investigational new drug clearance from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and has been shown to be as effective as metoclopramide in reducing symptoms without the propensity for causing central nervous system side effects. (medscape.com)
  • Accordingly, patients, prescribers, and pharmacists would probably not recognize the potential increased risk for cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death resulting from these interactions and inadequate cardiac monitoring. (medscape.com)
  • This material does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients, or recommend therapy. (drugs.com)
  • About half of all senior patients take several prescribed or over-the-counter (OTC) drugs simultaneously, and frequently over prolonged periods. (healthy.net)
  • Four years ago, the report of a review of all major studies of the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in hospitalised patients (JAMA, 1998, 279: 1200-5) made for sober reading. (healthy.net)
  • Twice as many patients aged 65 years and older are hospitalized because of problems related to an adverse drug reaction than younger patients, according to the National Institutes of Health . (prweb.com)
  • Medindia does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients, or recommend therapy and the service is an informational resource designed to assist and help licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and provide consumers with drug specific information. (medindia.net)
  • Note that this study suggests a need for physicians to communicate with patients taking warfarin about the use of herbal and dietary supplements which have the potential for interactions and increase the risk of bleeding or stroke. (medpagetoday.com)
  • The survey noted that 63% of warfarin-treated patients had used a supplement without first consulting their provider, despite the fact that 54% recognized herbal and dietary supplements can act as drugs. (medpagetoday.com)
  • She noted that doctors should prompt patients to disclose supplement use, that the supplement industry should provide labeling that lists potential drug interactions, and patients should not balk at talking to their doctors about nonprescription remedies they use. (medpagetoday.com)
  • As we move toward personalized medicine, there's a lot of interest in knowing whether drugs can target mutated genes in particular patients or in certain diseases, like breast or lung cancer. (genengnews.com)
  • Physicians prescribing ergot-related drugs should advise their patients to watch for persistent numbness, tingling, ice-cold limbs, muscle cramps and weakness, and to seek medical attention if these occur. (cmaj.ca)
  • In fact, we usually don't discontinue the drugs due to some patients developing rebound sensitivity to epinephrine post use of beta drugs. (druginfonet.com)
  • The Center for Food-Drug Interaction Research and Education, an organization co-managed by the University of Florida, College of Pharmacy, and the Tufts University School of Medicine, has opened a website that helps clinicians (and patients) to identify and analyze possible food-drug interactions. (medgadget.com)
  • Patients also may choose to exclude grapefruit from their diets and consume other fruits, including other types of citrus, to avoid an interaction. (aafp.org)
  • We report the number and percent of patients annually dispensed an object drug of interest (ie, warfarin, digoxin, cyclosporine, or lovastatin/simvastatin) with a potentially interacting drug among a random sample of insured adults receiving care from 10 integrated delivery systems. (nih.gov)
  • Among patients dispensed a drug of interest, between 17.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]=17.1-18.6%) and 28.0% (95% CI=24.0-32.1%) were concomitantly dispensed a potentially interacting drug using the "days supply" definition, and between 7.1% (95% CI=6.6-7.7%) and 17.7% (95% CI=14.4-21.1%) using the "same day" definition. (nih.gov)
  • Combination therapy used in psychiatric practice makes drug interactions more likely and increases the risk of adverse outcomes to patients. (uspharmacist.com)
  • This review will provide an essential refresher on psychiatric drug interactions for institutional practitioners as well as offering suggestions to optimize patient safety when patients are on medication regimens that include psychiatric drugs. (uspharmacist.com)
  • Even ADRs that are deemed to be "not severe" can have significant impact on patients with a psychiatric illness, as a growing body of evidence suggests a strong relationship between drug-drug interactions, treatment failures, and higher health care costs due to avoidable medical complications. (uspharmacist.com)
  • The Chicago Tribune tested 255 pharmacies to see how often stores would dispense risky drug pairs without warning patients. (chicagotribune.com)
  • Patients in the two ritonavir groups (500-mg and 200-mg dose groups) took abacavir and amprenavir for one week and then come to the clinic for blood tests to measure drug levels before taking their morning pills and at 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 hours after taking the medicines. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • After addressing the history and prevalence of herbal and dietary supplement use among cancer patients in the United States, he outlines the common mechanisms underlying risks for interactions. (mskcc.org)
  • Dr. Yeung touches on the cancer drugs most prone to these interactions, and discusses the importance of healthcare providers in asking patients about complementary medicine use. (mskcc.org)
  • Doctors should monitor patients closely if they are receiving cancer drugs and taking herbs, Dr. Yeung advises, and make adjustments to the drug dose or route of administration if needed. (mskcc.org)
  • In a cohort of 149 patients with cancer, 36 potentially clinically relevant drug-to-drug interactions (DDIs) were identified in 26 patients (17.4%), and all of them required the patient to modify therapy. (bidmc.org)
  • Our analysis showed that 2.7% of patients were actually experiencing possible adverse drug reactions as a consequence of a DDI," write the authors, led by Allan Ramos-Esquivel, MD, MSc, from the Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, San Jose, Costa Rica. (bidmc.org)
  • For example, patients with epilepsy have increased chances of drug interaction, compared with those with other disease states. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • The interaction can lead to a marked increase in plasma concentration levels of digoxin in more than 90% of patients. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • 9)Patients receiving potassium-depleting diuretics, such as amiloride or triamterene, may also experience this interaction. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • DCs should do whatever they can to minimize the risk of drug interactions by asking patients the right questions and reviewing the scholarly health literature. (chiroeco.com)
  • If you offer nutritional advice to your patients and provide supplement recommendations, look for opportunities to engage patients with their healthcare and discuss the potential risks created by drug and supplement interactions. (chiroeco.com)
  • Patients can play an important role in staying healthy and minimizing drug interactions, as Schreiber recommends. (chiroeco.com)
  • Patients at Schreiber's practice are also required to acknowledge understanding of the possible danger of interactions between medicines and pharmaceuticals. (chiroeco.com)
  • Potential for drug interactions should be considered when selecting antiretroviral therapy (ART) for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. (medscape.com)
  • Pharmacists and health professionals should properly screen for and educate patients about potential adverse juice-drug interactions and help minimize their occurrence. (cranberryinstitute.org)
  • Many patients don't tell their physicians if they are taking any illegal drugs, and in some cases certain prescription drugs that are otherwise harmless can cause serious injury or death if mixed with an illegal substance. (legalmatch.com)
  • This is one of the reasons many drugs clear animal testing but end up toxic in patients. (medgadget.com)
  • A synergistic interaction may be beneficial for patients, but may also increase the risk of overdose. (wikipedia.org)
Medication14
  • The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. (drugs.com)
  • The level of this medication in the blood may rise when taking other drugs, such as the HIV drug Norvir, the FDA said. (cnn.com)
  • Not only does the body get slower at eliminating medication, but the number of drugs you take also typically increases. (aarp.org)
  • Although herb/supplement medication interactions are common, they are underrecognized and underreported. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Drug interaction can be deadly, can land you in the hospital, can be mild and not cause any problems, or can block the action of another medication. (news9.com)
  • Candidate DDIs were assessed by the panel based on the consequence of the interaction, severity levels assigned to them across various medication knowledge bases, availability of therapeutic alternatives, monitoring/management options, predisposing factors, and the probability of the interaction based on the strength of evidence available in the literature. (rand.org)
  • The tests found that the combination - ceftriaxone, a popular antibiotic, and lansoprazole, a former blockbuster heartburn medication best known by the brand name Prevacid - blocked an electrical channel crucial to the heart, providing a biological explanation for why these drugs might be interacting. (chicagotribune.com)
  • Recommendations for managing a particular drug interaction may differ depending on whether a new ARV drug is being initiated in a patient on a stable concomitant medication or if a new concomitant medication is being initiated in a patient on a stable ARV regimen. (nih.gov)
  • Potential grapefruit-drug interactions cannot be avoided by separating times of medication administration and grapefruit consumption. (aafp.org)
  • Although medication safety research has tended to focus on inpatients, the safety of drug use among outpatients is also a concern. (nih.gov)
  • Conversely, if the medication is a prodrug, it needs to be metabolised to be converted to the active drug. (wikipedia.org)
  • When taking any type of medication, it is important to pay careful attention to its potential for drug interactions. (edrugsearch.com)
  • A food, drink, drug, or herb may decrease or increase the effects of a medication, prevent it from working, or increase or decrease medication side effects. (onhealth.com)
  • Individualized medication for a patient through a standardized pre-screening of his or her exposome 'are still future dreams,' according to Warth, 'but the systematic approach could be ground-breaking and also benefit the early stages of drug development. (news-medical.net)
Inhibition2
  • Inhibition of enzymes can have two different effects, depending on whether the drug is either metabolized by the enzyme to an inactive metabolite, or activated by the enzyme to an active metabolite. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the first instance, inhibition of drug-metabolizing enzymes results in elevated concentrations of an active drug in the body, which may cause adverse effects. (wikipedia.org)
Herb-drug interactions2
  • Dr. Lucinda Miller of Texas Tech University Health Sciences reviewed known herb-drug interactions. (medicinenet.com)
  • The list that follows is derived from this article and includes summaries of various herbs with particular focus on potential herb-drug interactions. (medicinenet.com)
Dangerous Drug Interactions3
  • Dangerous Drug Interactions: Are You at Risk? (healthcentral.com)
  • Avoid dangerous drug interactions. (news9.com)
  • Gov. Bruce Rauner has ordered state agencies to examine how to bolster accountability at drugstores and protect the public's health following a Tribune investigation that found pharmacists failed half of the time to warn about dangerous drug interactions. (chicagotribune.com)
Depletion and Interaction Charts1
  • A few great resources, Schreiber said, include Drugs.com's Drug Interactions Checker , The Chiropractic Research Organization's Drug-Nutrient Depletion and Interaction Charts and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's "Drug Interactions: What You Should Know . (chiroeco.com)
Enzymes21
  • Drugs and certain types of food may increase or decrease the activity of these enzymes and therefore affect the concentration of drugs that are metabolized by these enzymes. (medicinenet.com)
  • An increase in the activity of these enzymes leads to a decrease in the concentration and effect of an administered drug. (medicinenet.com)
  • We extracted drug interaction data from GenomeNet, where interactions are classified according to risks, contraindications or cautions for coadministration, and some entries include information about enzymes metabolizing the drugs. (nih.gov)
  • We defined drug target and drug-metabolizing enzymes as interaction factors using information on them in KEGG DRUG, and classified drugs into pharmacological/chemical subgroups. (nih.gov)
  • 1) based on human in vivo data, in Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and Transports Table , from Hansten PD and Horn JR. The Top 100 Drug Interactions: A Guide to Patient Management, 2014 ed, H&H Publications, Freeland WA 2014. (washington.edu)
  • Opioids metabolized by the drug metabolizing enzymes of the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) system (codeine, oxycodone, hydrocodone, fentanyl, tramadol, and methadone) are associated with numerous DDIs that can result in either a reduction in opioid effect or excess opioid effects. (ajmc.com)
  • These chemicals inhibit key drug metabolizing enzymes, such as cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). (wikipedia.org)
  • Drugs that are metabolized by these enzymes may have interactions with citrus chemicals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Drugs are metabolized by drug-specific metabolizing enzymes in the epithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Metabolizing enzymes transform these drugs into metabolites. (wikipedia.org)
  • What enzymes and transporters act on my drug of interest? (brighttalk.com)
  • Compromised renal function or changes in the cytochrome P-450 enzymes also can increase the risk of experiencing a severe adverse drug event. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • Caffeine in coffee is processed by the same liver enzymes as many drugs. (onhealth.com)
  • Sometimes, one drug affects the way another drug is metabolized by speeding up or slowing down the action of liver enzymes. (thewellproject.org)
  • Some drugs inhibit (slow down) the liver enzymes. (thewellproject.org)
  • Some drugs induce (speed up) the action of the liver enzymes. (thewellproject.org)
  • Some drugs used to treat HIV-related conditions speed up liver enzymes. (thewellproject.org)
  • The non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) such as Viramune (nevirapine) and Sustiva (efavirenz) speed up enzymes and remove some other drugs from the system more quickly. (thewellproject.org)
  • The extent of a juice-drug interaction may be associated with volume of drinking juice, fruit varieties, type of fruit, time between juice drinking and drug intake, genetic polymorphism in the enzymes or transporters and anthropometric variables. (cranberryinstitute.org)
  • c) efficient protein binding and/or rapid tissue uptake of the substrate may have precluded the drug availability to the enzymes in the in vivo studies. (cranberryinstitute.org)
  • This is important because we know that the enzymes that metabolize drugs-the P450 family-are very different in animal and humans. (medgadget.com)
Occur10
  • An adverse drug reaction can occur if your body responds badly to a medicine. (familydoctor.org)
  • How do drug interactions occur? (medicinenet.com)
  • Drug interactions also may occur when two drugs that have similar (additive) effects or opposite (canceling) effects on the body are administered together. (medicinenet.com)
  • Drug-drug interactions occur when two or more drugs - prescription and/or OTC -- react with each other. (fda.gov)
  • 1 A pharmacokinetic study found that the CYP3A4 inhibitor ketoconazole nearly doubled THC and cannabidiol concentrations, 2 and similar interactions could occur with other CYP3A4 inhibitors, including macrolides and verapamil, augmenting the psychoactive effects of THC and dose-related adverse effects of cannabidiol (e.g., somnolence, transaminase elevation). (cmaj.ca)
  • However sometimes drug interactions can occur and cause unexpected health problems that can be harmful but are generally not dangerous to you. (medindia.net)
  • Drug Actions and Interactions is a handy easy-to-access guide to understanding what major drugs are available for specific diseases, how selected drugs produce therapeutic benefits, side effects that may occur when taking these drugs, and which drugs and supplements should not be taken in combination with each other. (abebooks.com)
  • Both synergy and antagonism occur during different phases of the interaction between a drug, and an organism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Direct interactions between drugs are also possible and may occur when two drugs are mixed prior to intravenous injection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pharmacodynamic interactions can occur on: Pharmacological receptors: Receptor interactions are the most easily defined, but they are also the most common. (wikipedia.org)
Therapeutic11
  • Drug interactions are also examined from a cellular perspective and for their usefulness in the development of new therapeutic agents. (springer.com)
  • Those wishing to expand their repertoire of experimental techniques or to improve their current techniques will also find these powerful methods particularly helpful in elucidating the action of existing therapeutic agents, as well as in designing new anticancer drugs with improved action and reduced toxicity. (springer.com)
  • Minimizing adverse drug-food interactions would improve patient care by optimizing therapeutic effects and maintaining proper nutritional status. (nih.gov)
  • On the basis of this information, a multi-disciplinary approach is used to engineer therapeutic drugs and to allow substantive advances in targeted molecular medicine. (springer.com)
  • As a drug class, opioids are associated with a narrow therapeutic index, wide interindividual variability in response (eg, doses used in an opioid-tolerant patient can be fatal to an opioid-naïve patient), and potentially life-threatening toxicity. (ajmc.com)
  • These tools will help us to understand how the drug-cells interaction can affect the dynamics of the tumour growth and, at the same time, will allow for the exploration of different therapeutic strategies' effectiveness. (port.ac.uk)
  • Causes contributing to harmful drug?drug interactions include narrow therapeutic dosage ranges associated with certain drugs and a patient?s disease state (Tables 1 and 2). (pharmacytimes.com)
  • FastStats: Therapeutic Drug Use. (chiroeco.com)
  • You will also find an appendix listing major drugs currently in use in each therapeutic classification. (abebooks.com)
  • Thirty-two additional appendices detail interaction between a therapeutic group of drugs and an individual drug or group of drugs, such as interactions of beta-blockers, alpha-blockers, calcium-blockers, etc. (abebooks.com)
  • Drug interaction predictors enable risk assessment of multiple drugs simultaneously with visualizations risk per therapeutic classes, to indicate a spectrum from no risk to high risk. (wikipedia.org)
Centers for Diseas1
  • According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), over 75 percent of medical physician visits involve prescription drugs in some way. (chiroeco.com)
Alcohol12
  • Alcohol can dangerously increase the sedative effects of certain drugs, raise the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding when taken with NSAIDs and prednisone, and lead to liver damage when combined with acetaminophen or methotrexate. (arthritis.org)
  • For example, some drug instructions will say not to drink a citrus juice, like grapefruit, when taking and others will instruct you not to drink alcohol. (fda.gov)
  • Drugs containing acetaminophen, the primary ingredient in Tylenol, can lead to liver damage in conjunction with chronic alcohol consumption. (cnn.com)
  • Even worse, some HIV meds can increase the level of drugs or alcohol in your blood so much that you could overdose. (poz.com)
  • Alcohol also alters the degradation of key nutrients, thereby promoting deficiencies as well as toxic interactions with vitamin A and beta-carotene. (nih.gov)
  • The effect was first discovered accidentally, when a test of drug interactions with alcohol used grapefruit juice to hide the taste of the ethanol. (wikipedia.org)
  • What are commonly used drugs associated with serious alcohol interactions? (webmd.com)
  • One of the most common causes of severe liver damage -- including some cases requiring a liver transplant -- is a combination of the pain reliever acetaminophen (available over the counter as Tylenol and in some prescription drugs) and alcohol. (webmd.com)
  • What are some guidelines for preventing alcohol interactions? (webmd.com)
  • Alcohol is a common substance that may interfere with a variety of drugs. (onhealth.com)
  • The effects of many other drugs are increased when consuming alcohol. (onhealth.com)
  • You're not supposed to drink alcohol when taking acetaminophen, because the combination of the two is much more toxic to your liver than either drug individually. (medgadget.com)
Side effects22
  • The interaction may increase or decrease the effectiveness of the drugs or their side effects. (medicinenet.com)
  • Drug interactions contribute to the cost of healthcare because of the costs of medical care that are required to treat problems caused by changes in effectiveness or side effects. (medicinenet.com)
  • You can reduce the risk of harmful drug interactions and side effects by understanding the drugs that you take. (fda.gov)
  • These side effects are described and reported after drug trials and research studies have been conducted. (medicinenet.com)
  • Harmful effects associated with use of drugs are caused as a result of their side effects and combined use of different drugs. (nih.gov)
  • Downing a drink when you're taking these drugs may produce dangerous side effects - and your risk increases as you age. (aarp.org)
  • Are there similar drugs that have been on the market longer (and thus have proven over time to be effective and with limited risk of side effects)? (chiroweb.com)
  • Could you send me all of the serious side effects of the following four drugs taken together: phentermfine, zoloft, depakote and pondimin? (druginfonet.com)
  • The best that can be done is to extrapolate the side effects and toxicities-- the actual interaction between four is not able to be predicted. (druginfonet.com)
  • Understand the types of structural and bonding information that can be obtained using specific physico-chemical methods and discover how to design new drugs that are more effective than current treatments and have fewer side effects. (wiley.com)
  • To identify hidden interactions, the scientists working with the Tribune analyzed indirect evidence: side effects associated with the dangerous heart condition. (chicagotribune.com)
  • The researchers could use the side effects to lead them to drug pairs that might be risky. (chicagotribune.com)
  • So, the ideal is, IF you have to take a drug, then you may offset many of the possible side effects by taking (replenishing) those nutrients. (chiro.org)
  • New side effects may emerge from an interaction. (onhealth.com)
  • These free resources can get you started on researching drug and supplement interactions, but it is important to remember that information changes quickly and should be verified from multiple up-to-date scholarly resources, such as Pharmacists Schools page on Drug Side Effects and Interactions . (chiroeco.com)
  • If drugs cause similar side effects, combining them may increase the amount or seriousness of those side effects. (thewellproject.org)
  • INHALATION (AccuNeb) side effects, medical uses, and drug interactions. (medicinenet.com)
  • Includes Phenergan side effects, interactions and indications Promethazine (Phenergan) is used for treating the discomforts of a common cold like sneezing, coughing, and runny nose Find patient medical information for Bicitra Oral on WebMD including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings and user ratings. (drowsydriving.org)
  • Includes provigil active ingredients Demerol side effects, interactions and indications Medscape - Indication-specific dosing for Demerol, pethidine (meperidine), frequency-based adverse effects, comprehensive interactions, contraindications, pregnancy. (drowsydriving.org)
  • As these cells shrivel up in response to a toxin, they scatter light better, much like fog on a car windshield, allowing us to quickly detect which drugs may have adverse side effects when taken in combination with another," says Sailor. (medgadget.com)
  • Applying the 300 most often prescribed drugs in the United States to more than 80 common disorders, Drug Actions and Interactions discusses each drug's mechanism of action, side effects, and interactions with other drugs. (abebooks.com)
  • A drug interaction is a change in the action or side effects of a drug caused by concomitant administration with a food, beverage, supplement, or another drug. (wikipedia.org)
Increases6
  • The likelihood of drug interactions increases as the number of drugs being taken increases. (medicinenet.com)
  • Grapefruit juice can dramatically increase blood levels of the calcium antagonist felodipine, and also increases the blood concentrations of drugs such as the oestrogen in hormone replacement therapy (HRT), some barbiturates like the benzodiazepines and buspirone, the immunosuppressant cyclosporin and protease inhibitors like saquinavir. (healthy.net)
  • Currently, 9 percent of Americans over age 55 take 10 or more prescription drugs, which greatly increases the likelihood of DDIs and ADRs. (brighttalk.com)
  • Serotonin syndrome is possible with any monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), such as phenelzine or tranylcypromine sulfate, in combination with any drug that increases serotonin levels, such as dextromethorphan, meperidine, and other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). (pharmacytimes.com)
  • The likelihood of drug interactions increases with each prescription. (acpinternist.org)
  • The risk of a drug-drug interaction increases with the number of drugs used. (wikipedia.org)
Food and Drug Administration's1
  • The investigation is believed to be the first time anyone has discovered a potential drug interaction by searching for signals in the Food and Drug Administration's complaint archive, then confirming the findings through patient records and cellular testing. (chicagotribune.com)
Dietary supplements7
  • Some dietary supplements can cause interactions with prescription and over-the-counter medicines. (familydoctor.org)
  • Dietary supplements can affect the way your body processes prescription and over-the-counter drugs. (familydoctor.org)
  • Discuss all OTC and prescription drugs, dietary supplements, vitamins, botanicals, minerals and herbals you take, as well as the foods you eat. (fda.gov)
  • In 2008, American Family Physician , the journal of the American Academy of Family Physicians, published an overview of interactions between drugs, herbs, and other dietary supplements. (harvard.edu)
  • Strohecker and colleagues concluded that unrecognized interactions between warfarin and herbal or dietary supplements could cause bleeding or stroke complications. (medpagetoday.com)
  • In this Grand Rounds presentation, K. Simon Yeung, a pharmacy and botanicals specialist with Memorial Sloan Kettering's Integrative Medicine Service, details potential negative interactions between herbs (dietary supplements) and some of the drugs used in cancer treatment. (mskcc.org)
  • this [book] is unique in its careful consideration of the relevance of dietary supplements to the discussion of drug interactions. (abebooks.com)
DDIs6
  • Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions (DDIs) involving opioid analgesics can be problematic. (ajmc.com)
  • 2 Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are an important and potentially preventable source of ADRs. (ajmc.com)
  • Pharmacodynamic DDIs result when 2 drugs are coadministered and the concentration-response curve of 1 or both drugs is altered without a change in the object drug's pharmacokinetics. (ajmc.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: To develop a set of high-severity, clinically significant drug-drug interactions (DDIs) for use in electronic health records (EHRs). (rand.org)
  • RESULTS: Of 31 DDIs considered to be high risk, the panel approved a final list of 15 interactions. (rand.org)
  • One reason for the increase in ADRs is the growth in prescription use-especially among aging populations where drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are more likely. (brighttalk.com)
Potentially5
  • The list of potentially fatal interactions with Viagra continues to grow. (healthy.net)
  • Fifteen of these were potentially serious or life-threatening interactions. (healthcentral.com)
  • Algorithms cover a glass wall at Columbia University in New York, where data scientist Nick Tatonetti, center, and his team used novel techniques in signal detection to identify potentially harmful drug interactions hidden in a vast database. (chicagotribune.com)
  • This article focuses on 10 prevalent and potentially fatal drug interactions, listed in Table 3. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • The Medical Letter's Adverse Drug Interactions Tool provides users with an unbiased resource to quickly search and find potentially life-threatening interactions between drugs as well as any lifestyle factors in your patient's regimen. (skyscape.com)
Medicines3
  • Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. (drugs.com)
  • Q. Where can I find out more about grapefruit interactions with medicines? (peoplespharmacy.com)
  • Memorial Sloan Kettering's AboutHerbs website and its smartphone mobile app are additional resources for learning more about specific agents and their potential interactions with cancer medicines. (mskcc.org)
Meds3
  • Drugs can make your HIV meds less effective. (poz.com)
  • Or your HIV meds can make you have a bad trip on some drugs. (poz.com)
  • Currently, only interactions of meds with grapefruit juice is available. (medgadget.com)
Grapefruit-drug interactions1
  • Because grapefruit-drug interactions exist, strategies should be devised to manage potential interactions. (aafp.org)
Commonly2
  • 1 Many clinicians may be unaware of recently recognized interactions of these ergot derivatives with several commonly used antibiotic, antiviral and antifungal drugs. (cmaj.ca)
  • Coenzyme Q10, or CoQ10 as it is often called, is commonly taken in supplement form to counteract the muscle pain and weakness associated with cholesterol-lowering statin drugs. (nytimes.com)
Practice1
  • In a typical chiropractic practice, the most common interaction would be a patient taking a prescription anti-inflammatory and also an anti-inflammatory supplement," Schreiber said. (chiroeco.com)
Minimize2
  • Using this strategy with P-gp inducers is not likely to minimize the impact of drug interactions. (washington.edu)
  • UpToDate ® includes a select drug and drug interaction database - authoritative point-of-care information that helps minimize risk and increase patient safety. (uptodate.com)
Liver6
  • Most drugs are eliminated through the kidney in either an unchanged form or metabolized by the liver . (medicinenet.com)
  • Therefore, the kidney and the liver are very important sites of potential drug interactions. (medicinenet.com)
  • The liver and kidneys help metabolize drugs and remove them from the body. (prweb.com)
  • Other factors are also likely to contribute to the severity of drug interactions, including a patient's kidney and liver function, the drug dosages and frequency, and the type of interaction. (healthcentral.com)
  • Caution should be undertaken to closely monitor the responses of cannabis users with certain drugs to guard their safety, especially for the elderly and people with chronic diseases or kidney and liver conditions. (mdpi.com)
  • CYP3A4 is a metabolizing enzyme for almost 50% of drugs, and is found in the liver and small intestinal epithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
Pharmacodynamic3
  • Pharmacologic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms also play an important role in drug-food interactions by altering drug effects. (nih.gov)
  • The change in an organism's response upon administration of a drug is an important factor in pharmacodynamic interactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • From a pharmacodynamic perspective, two drugs can be considered to be: Homodynamic, if they act on the same receptor. (wikipedia.org)
Clinically significant drug-drug2
  • CONCLUSIONS: A set of highly clinically significant drug-drug interactions was identified, for which warnings should be generated in all EHRs. (rand.org)
  • This quick-reference handbook provides vital information on thousands of clinically significant drug-drug, drug-drug class, drug-herb, and drug-food interactions in an easy-to-use, consistent format that includes nursing considerations. (ovid.com)
20202
  • For example, the FDA recently approved the first cannabis-derived drug (Epidiolex ® ) for the treatment of severe seizure disorders, and the projected sales of cannabidiol (CBD) products are estimated as high as $ 1.9 billion by 2020 [ 2 ]. (mdpi.com)
  • Pristner, M & Warth, B. (2020) Drug-Exposome Interactions: The Next Frontier in Precision Medicine. (news-medical.net)
Pharmacodynamics2
  • The book is recommended reading for post-graduate students and researchers engaged in the study of systems biology, networks, and the pharmacodynamics of natural or industrial drugs, as well as for medical clinicians interested in drug application and combinatorial drug therapy. (textbookrevolution.org)
  • These concepts have fundamental applications in the pharmacodynamics of these interactions. (wikipedia.org)
Fatal3
  • In a widely publicized case of fatal drug interaction, an 18-year-old named Libby Zion died in a New York hospital in 1984. (cnn.com)
  • According to the results, fatal drug reactions to prescribed drugs are the fourth leading cause of death in the US. (healthy.net)
  • The newspaper, in stories published online Thursday and in print Sunday, found that 52 percent of 255 pharmacies tested by reporters sold risky drug pairs without mentioning the potential for harmful or even fatal interactions. (chicagotribune.com)
Adverse drug reac4
  • Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a significant problem, resulting in substantial morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenses. (ajmc.com)
  • Drug interactions are known to play a significant role in the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) both in the community and in hospitals. (uspharmacist.com)
  • Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a serious problem worldwide. (brighttalk.com)
  • Information found in the biomedical literature is a significant source for tracking and reporting adverse drug reactions (ADR). (brighttalk.com)
Pharmacological3
  • To characterize other interactions without interaction factors, we used the ATC classification system and found an association between interaction mechanisms and pharmacological/chemical subgroups. (nih.gov)
  • So updated information on the scientific evidence relating to pharmacological and nutritional ergogenic aids and potential interactions between them is of crucial importance. (eurekalert.org)
  • UpToDate has increased the breadth and depth of its drug reference database by integrating with Lexicomp ® , a leading pharmacological solution. (uptodate.com)
20171
  • Cite this: Domperidone for Gastroparesis: Beware of Drug Interactions - Medscape - Sep 11, 2017. (medscape.com)
Inhibitors6
  • Demerol can have serious interactions with the class of antidepressants known as MAO inhibitors, with effects ranging from increased heart rate and higher blood pressure to cardiac arrest. (cnn.com)
  • Over the study's five-year span, the number of older people taking several classes of prescription drugs linked to dangerous interactions rose significantly-including statins for cholesterol, antiplatelets to prevent blood clots, and proton pump inhibitors for gastroesophageal reflux disease. (healthcentral.com)
  • 2 , 5 , 6 Other CYP 3A4 inhibitors, such as grapefruit juice, 7 and drugs including heparin, cyclosporine, tacrolimus and ampicillin present at least the theoretical possibility of drug interactions. (cmaj.ca)
  • What is the drug interaction between phenylpropanolamine with MAO inhibitors? (druginfonet.com)
  • Common cancer therapies that may be made more or less effective or toxic due to an herb-drug interaction include tyrosine kinase inhibitors, warfarin, tamoxifen, and immunosuppressants. (mskcc.org)
  • [ 1 , 2 ] Protease inhibitors in combination with other drugs may require dose adjustments or should be avoided because of potential drug interactions. (medscape.com)
Nausea1
  • 5)The effects from this interaction range from nausea and vomiting to death. (pharmacytimes.com)
Preventable2
  • Potential drug-drug interactions (PDDIs) are a significant source of preventable drug-related harm. (slideshare.net)
  • 1 ADRs resulting from drug-drug interactions leading to hospitalization are often preventable. (uspharmacist.com)
Mechanisms6
  • Mechanisms of ethanol-drug-nutrition interactions. (nih.gov)
  • Mechanisms of these interactions were then identified by each interaction factor. (nih.gov)
  • Exploiting genetic interactions of STAT3 with other cancer-related pathways may provide molecular insight into mechanisms of cancer resistance to pathway-targeted therapies and strategies for development of more effective anticancer agents and treatment regimens. (mdpi.com)
  • The proliferation of existing classifications at this level, along with the fact that the exact reaction mechanisms for many drugs are not well-understood means that it is almost impossible to offer a clear classification for these concepts. (wikipedia.org)
  • These changes are extraordinarily difficult to classify given the wide variety of modes of action that exist, and the fact that many drugs can cause their effect through a number of different mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Signal transduction mechanisms: these are molecular processes that commence after the interaction of the drug with the receptor. (wikipedia.org)
Sedative2
  • For example, mixing a drug you take to help you sleep (a sedative) and a drug you take for allergies (an antihistamine) can slow your reactions and make driving a car or operating machinery dangerous. (fda.gov)
  • For example if you take a drug for allergy (an antihistamine) and also take a sedative for sleep, the two drugs together slow your reaction time. (medindia.net)
Herbs4
  • The National Institutes of Health has a list of herbs and supplements , along with information about interactions. (cnn.com)
  • There can be adverse reactions between drugs or between drugs and herbs/supplements/vitamins. (bidmc.org)
  • The possible problems between drugs and herbs/vitamins/supplements are more complicated. (bidmc.org)
  • It would be pretty dumb and self-defeating to take chemotherapy and continue to also take some herbs or teas or supplements that might be nullifying any benefit of the chemo drugs. (bidmc.org)
Supplements3
  • This definition applies to interactions of drugs with other drugs (drug-drug interactions), as well as drugs with food (drug-food interactions) and other substances, such as supplements . (medicinenet.com)
  • Researchers have long known that the more drugs and supplements people take, the greater the risk of hazardous interactions. (healthcentral.com)
  • In addition, more than half of the cohort reported using herbal supplements during their cancer therapy, and 122 possible herb-to-drug interactions (HDIs) were detected. (bidmc.org)
ADRs2
  • It has been estimated that 26% of ADRs requiring hospital admissions may be due to drug-drug interactions. (uspharmacist.com)
  • The EMA and FDA have both mandated that market authorization holders maintain active screening of literature for any mentions of ADRs related to their drugs or other medicinal products. (brighttalk.com)
Contraindications1
  • Drug contraindications and interactions can create additional health risks and medical conditions. (legalmatch.com)
Possible interactions1
  • Since the latter don't require FDA approval and have been not be subjected to the same kind of scrutiny, we really don't know what the possible interactions might be. (bidmc.org)
Reactions2
  • But this and all other data on drug reactions only cover reactions to drugs and interactions between drugs. (healthy.net)
  • Another reason drug-disease interactions are particularly dangerous is that manifestations of adverse reactions may be very subtle, requiring long-term monitoring. (chiroweb.com)
Potential drug4
  • More important, given that this is not an FDA-approved drug, it would not appear on the pharmacy listing nor on the electronic medical record (EMR) to enable a cross-check for potential drug-drug interactions. (medscape.com)
  • He or she should be able to give you information about any potential drug interactions. (poz.com)
  • Maskalyk J. Grapefruit juice: potential drug interactions. (cmaj.ca)
  • Identifying potential drug-drug interaction risk is a key priority for pharmaceutical manufacturers and regulatory authorities. (brighttalk.com)
Researchers5
  • Reporting in the April issue of JAMA Internal Medicine , the researchers found that the number of older adults taking five or more prescription drugs rose from 30.6 to 35.8 percent during the five-year span. (healthcentral.com)
  • The DGIdb, the paper adds, is designed to help researchers mine existing resources and thereby generate hypotheses about how mutated genes might be targeted therapeutically or prioritized for drug development. (genengnews.com)
  • The Chicago Tribune, in a unique collaboration with data scientists, pharmacologists and cellular researchers at Columbia University Medical Center, set out to see if these same novel techniques could be used in the hunt for risky drug pairs. (chicagotribune.com)
  • Before an HIV drug is approved, researchers study different doses and choose one that is both safe and effective. (thewellproject.org)
  • Genistein, a phytoestrogen derived from soybeans and a prominent active agent in hormone drugs for menopausal symptoms, can also affect various drugs, in particular hormone-relevant chemotherapeutics against breast cancer, the researchers explain in their article. (news-medical.net)
Interfere3
  • I've read that Thiazide drugs may somehow interfere with Synthroid, but I haven't been able to find out anything specific. (medhelp.org)
  • Bioactive compounds in grapefruit juice may also interfere with MDR1 (multidrug resistance protein 1) and OATP (organic anion transporting polypeptides), either increasing or decreasing the bioavailability of a number of drugs. (wikipedia.org)
  • It may contain iron that can interfere with drugs you are taking. (onhealth.com)
Risk of Drug-Drug Interactions1
  • Prescribing practices, which include the concurrent administration of a variety of psychotropic drugs, have made the risk of drug-drug interactions more likely. (uspharmacist.com)
Healthcare3
  • New contraindication regarding ergotamine- and dihydroergotamine-containing drugs: risk of cerebral and/or peripheral ischemia [Dear Healthcare Professional Letter]. (cmaj.ca)
  • Drug Infonet provides drug and disease information for your healthcare needs. (druginfonet.com)
  • Drug Infonet brings this free resource to you so that you become a more informed consumer of healthcare. (druginfonet.com)
Avoid5
  • Learn how to avoid unwanted interactions. (arthritis.org)
  • This review discusses the issue of drug interactions and several ways to avoid them. (medicinenet.com)
  • Avoid Food-Drug Interactions " is an updated version of NCL's very popular "Food and Drug Interactions" brochure. (consumeraffairs.com)
  • The renamed brochure contains new information, has been published in plain language, and is re-formatted as a guide for consumers to learn more about and avoid interactions. (consumeraffairs.com)
  • Make sure you read the drug's label every time to avoid harmful food and drug interactions, and to get the most benefit from your medicine. (consumeraffairs.com)
Herbal1
  • This document provides advice and recommendations on how to evaluate the potential for drug-food and drug-drug interactions for medicinal products (including herbal medicinal products) and how to translate the results of these evaluations to appropriate treatment recommendations in the labelling. (europa.eu)
Beta Blockers1
  • Is there a potential adverse interaction between beta-blockers and local anesthesia or IV sedation? (druginfonet.com)
Prescription9
  • Do you take two or more prescription drugs or a prescription drug and over the counter drug together? (fda.gov)
  • Also, read the package insert for each prescription drug you take. (fda.gov)
  • The package insert provides more information about potential OTC and prescription drug interactions. (fda.gov)
  • However, it may be available at select compounding pharmacies with a doctor's prescription using the Expanded Access to Investigational Drugs program. (medscape.com)
  • (CNN) -- As friends of pop star Michael Jackson discuss the role prescription drugs may have played in his Thursday death, the serious health problems that can be triggered by drug interactions are again in the spotlight. (cnn.com)
  • I would like to know which prescription drugs are negatively affected. (peoplespharmacy.com)
  • This is a story about prescription drugs, the beating of our hearts, cells from hamsters and the promise of big data. (chicagotribune.com)
  • Here, are the best tips for those who need to know how to check prescription drug interactions. (edrugsearch.com)
  • Dr. Nancy Snyderman of the Today Show reported this morning on the growing number of Americans who use prescription drugs, and in many cases several prescription drugs, to treat chronic illnesses. (edrugsearch.com)
Cannabidiol Drug Interactions Video | Pharmacy Online
Cannabidiol Drug Interactions Video | Pharmacy Online (panjerehweekly.ir)
Pentamidine - Wikipedia
Pentamidine - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Health effects of tobacco - Wikipedia
Health effects of tobacco - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Coenzyme Q10 - Wikipedia
Coenzyme Q10 - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Iodinated contrast - Wikipedia
Iodinated contrast - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Docetaxel - Wikipedia
Docetaxel - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Metronidazole - Wikipedia
Metronidazole - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Carambola - Wikipedia
Carambola - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Hibiscus - Wikipedia
Hibiscus - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Vardenafil - Wikipedia
Vardenafil - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Beta-Carotene - Wikipedia
Beta-Carotene - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Mebendazole - Wikipedia
Mebendazole - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Antiviral Drug Interactions | CDC
Antiviral Drug Interactions | CDC (cdc.gov)
Https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323009.php
Https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323009.php (medicalnewstoday.com)
What Is in Methadone? | eHow
What Is in Methadone? | eHow (ehow.com)
Iodine: Health benefits and risks
Iodine: Health benefits and risks (medicalnewstoday.com)
Sertraline: Uses, how to take, side effects, and interactions
Sertraline: Uses, how to take, side effects, and interactions (medicalnewstoday.com)
Https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323545.php
Https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323545.php (medicalnewstoday.com)
Vitamin B-12 shots: Uses, benefits, and side effects
Vitamin B-12 shots: Uses, benefits, and side effects (medicalnewstoday.com)
Azithromycin: Uses, dosage, side effects, and warnings
Azithromycin: Uses, dosage, side effects, and warnings (medicalnewstoday.com)
Effects-interactions - microdosing
Effects-interactions - microdosing (reddit.com)
NuvaRing: Uses, advantages, and risks
NuvaRing: Uses, advantages, and risks (medicalnewstoday.com)
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA): Medical uses, side effects, and interactions
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA): Medical uses, side effects, and interactions (medicalnewstoday.com)
Cholesterol-lowering drugs get labeling changes
Cholesterol-lowering drugs get labeling changes (fda.gov)
Amoxicillin vs. Augmentin Comparison of Side Effects (Alcohol), Dosage, Uses
Amoxicillin vs. Augmentin Comparison of Side Effects (Alcohol), Dosage, Uses (medicinenet.com)
Cymbalta vs. Effexor (XR) Withdrawal, Side Effects (Weight Gain) & Uses
Cymbalta vs. Effexor (XR) Withdrawal, Side Effects (Weight Gain) & Uses (medicinenet.com)
Dilaudid vs. Percocet for Pain: Which One Is Better?
Dilaudid vs. Percocet for Pain: Which One Is Better? (medicinenet.com)
Compare Cymbalta vs. Wellbutrin Side Effects, Uses and Dosage
Compare Cymbalta vs. Wellbutrin Side Effects, Uses and Dosage (medicinenet.com)
Prozac (fluoxetine): Side effect, dosage, withdrawal and uses
Prozac (fluoxetine): Side effect, dosage, withdrawal and uses (medicalnewstoday.com)
Stinging nettle: Benefits, side effects, and how to use it
Stinging nettle: Benefits, side effects, and how to use it (medicalnewstoday.com)
The mitochondrial citrate carrier, SLC25A1, drives stemness and therapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer | Cell Death &...
The mitochondrial citrate carrier, SLC25A1, drives stemness and therapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer | Cell Death &... (nature.com)
Appendix C. Drug interactions of clinical significance
Appe