Drug delivery systems. Medical search

Systems for the delivery of drugs to target sites of pharmacological actions. Technologies employed include those concerning drug preparation, route of administration, site targeting, metabolism, and toxicity.

Forms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, decrease drug metabolism, and reduce drug toxicity. Carriers are also used in designs to increase the effectiveness of drug delivery to the target sites of pharmacological actions. Liposomes, albumin microspheres, soluble synthetic polymers, DNA complexes, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes among others have been employed as biodegradable drug carriers.

Chemistry dealing with the composition and preparation of agents having PHARMACOLOGIC ACTIONS or diagnostic use.

Nanometer-sized particles that are nanoscale in three dimensions. They include nanocrystaline materials; NANOCAPSULES; METAL NANOPARTICLES; DENDRIMERS, and QUANTUM DOTS. The uses of nanoparticles include DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS and cancer targeting and imaging.

Dosage forms of a drug that act over a period of time by controlled-release processes or technology.

The preparation, mixing, and assembling of a drug. (From Remington, The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th ed, p1814)

SURFACE-ACTIVE AGENTS that induce a dispersion of undissolved material throughout a liquid.

Colloids formed by the combination of two immiscible liquids such as oil and water. Lipid-in-water emulsions are usually liquid, like milk or lotion. Water-in-lipid emulsions tend to be creams. The formation of emulsions may be aided by amphiphatic molecules that surround one component of the system to form MICELLES.

The application of scientific knowledge or technology to pharmacy and the pharmaceutical industry. It includes methods, techniques, and instrumentation in the manufacture, preparation, compounding, dispensing, packaging, and storing of drugs and other preparations used in diagnostic and determinative procedures, and in the treatment of patients.

The branch of medicine concerned with the application of NANOTECHNOLOGY to the prevention and treatment of disease. It involves the monitoring, repair, construction, and control of human biological systems at the molecular level, using engineered nanodevices and NANOSTRUCTURES. (From Freitas Jr., Nanomedicine, vol 1, 1999).

Relating to the size of solids.

Nanometer-sized, hollow, spherically-shaped objects that can be utilized to encapsulate small amounts of pharmaceuticals, enzymes, or other catalysts (Glossary of Biotechnology and Nanobiotechnology, 4th ed).

Usually inert substances added to a prescription in order to provide suitable consistency to the dosage form. These include binders, matrix, base or diluent in pills, tablets, creams, salves, etc.

Compounds formed by the joining of smaller, usually repeating, units linked by covalent bonds. These compounds often form large macromolecules (e.g., BIOPOLYMERS; PLASTICS).

Deacetylated CHITIN, a linear polysaccharide of deacetylated beta-1,4-D-glucosamine. It is used in HYDROGEL and to treat WOUNDS.

The ability of a substance to be dissolved, i.e. to form a solution with another substance. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Artificial, single or multilaminar vesicles (made from lecithins or other lipids) that are used for the delivery of a variety of biological molecules or molecular complexes to cells, for example, drug delivery and gene transfer. They are also used to study membranes and membrane proteins.

A biocompatible polymer used as a surgical suture material.

The development and use of techniques to study physical phenomena and construct structures in the nanoscale size range or smaller.

Solid dosage forms, of varying weight, size, and shape, which may be molded or compressed, and which contain a medicinal substance in pure or diluted form. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Completed forms of the pharmaceutical preparation in which prescribed doses of medication are included. They are designed to resist action by gastric fluids, prevent vomiting and nausea, reduce or alleviate the undesirable taste and smells associated with oral administration, achieve a high concentration of drug at target site, or produce a delayed or long-acting drug effect.

Drugs intended for human or veterinary use, presented in their finished dosage form. Included here are materials used in the preparation and/or formulation of the finished dosage form.

Materials which have structured components with at least one dimension in the range of 1 to 100 nanometers. These include NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOPARTICLES; NANOTUBES; and NANOWIRES.

Small uniformly-sized spherical particles, of micrometer dimensions, frequently labeled with radioisotopes or various reagents acting as tags or markers.

The application of suitable drug dosage forms to the skin for either local or systemic effects.

The extent to which the active ingredient of a drug dosage form becomes available at the site of drug action or in a biological medium believed to reflect accessibility to a site of action.

Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS.

Synthetic or natural materials, other than DRUGS, that are used to replace or repair any body TISSUES or bodily function.

Methylester of cellulose. Methylcellulose is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceutics and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative.

Water swollen, rigid, 3-dimensional network of cross-linked, hydrophilic macromolecules, 20-95% water. They are used in paints, printing inks, foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

A nonionic polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block co-polymer with the general formula HO(C2H4O)a(-C3H6O)b(C2H4O)aH. It is available in different grades which vary from liquids to solids. It is used as an emulsifying agent, solubilizing agent, surfactant, and wetting agent for antibiotics. Poloxamer is also used in ointment and suppository bases and as a tablet binder or coater. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)

Uptake of substances through the SKIN.

The adaptation of drug administration to the known variations in biological RHYTHMICITY, such as CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS. The treatment is aimed at supporting normal rhythms, or modifying the timing of therapy to achieve maximal efficacy and minimal adverse effect.

Small containers or pellets of a solid drug implanted in the body to achieve sustained release of the drug.

Implanted fluid propulsion systems with self-contained power source for providing long-term controlled-rate delivery of drugs such as chemotherapeutic agents or analgesics. Delivery rate may be externally controlled or osmotically or peristatically controlled with the aid of transcutaneous monitoring.

The chemical and physical integrity of a pharmaceutical product.

Tailored macromolecules harboring covalently-bound biologically active modules that target specific tissues and cells. The active modules or functional groups can include drugs, prodrugs, antibodies, and oligonucleotides, which can act synergistically and be multitargeting.

Unctuous combustible substances that are liquid or easily liquefiable on warming, and are soluble in ether but insoluble in water. Such substances, depending on their origin, are classified as animal, mineral, or vegetable oils. Depending on their behavior on heating, they are volatile or fixed. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Poly-2-methylpropenoic acids. Used in the manufacture of methacrylate resins and plastics in the form of pellets and granules, as absorbent for biological materials and as filters; also as biological membranes and as hydrogens. Synonyms: methylacrylate polymer; poly(methylacrylate); acrylic acid methyl ester polymer.

Application of pharmaceutically active agents on the tissues of the EYE.

Agents that modify interfacial tension of water; usually substances that have one lipophilic and one hydrophilic group in the molecule; includes soaps, detergents, emulsifiers, dispersing and wetting agents, and several groups of antiseptics.

Hard or soft soluble containers used for the oral administration of medicine.

Particles consisting of aggregates of molecules held loosely together by secondary bonds. The surface of micelles are usually comprised of amphiphatic compounds that are oriented in a way that minimizes the energy of interaction between the micelle and its environment. Liquids that contain large numbers of suspended micelles are referred to as EMULSIONS.

Tree-like, highly branched, polymeric compounds. They grow three-dimensionally by the addition of shells of branched molecules to a central core. The overall globular shape and presence of cavities gives potential as drug carriers and CONTRAST AGENTS.

Spherical particles of nanometer dimensions.

Polymers of organic acids and alcohols, with ester linkages--usually polyethylene terephthalate; can be cured into hard plastic, films or tapes, or fibers which can be woven into fabrics, meshes or velours.

A polyester used for absorbable sutures & surgical mesh, especially in ophthalmic surgery. 2-Hydroxy-propanoic acid polymer with polymerized hydroxyacetic acid, which forms 3,6-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-dione polymer with 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione copolymer of molecular weight about 80,000 daltons.

Substances that cause the adherence of two surfaces. They include glues (properly collagen-derived adhesives), mucilages, sticky pastes, gums, resins, or latex.

A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Characteristics or attributes of the outer boundaries of objects, including molecules.

Delivery of the FETUS and PLACENTA under the care of an obstetrician or a health worker. Obstetric deliveries may involve physical, psychological, medical, or surgical interventions.

The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.

Strongly cationic polymer that binds to certain proteins; used as a marker in immunology, to precipitate and purify enzymes and lipids. Synonyms: aziridine polymer; Epamine; Epomine; ethylenimine polymer; Montrek; PEI; Polymin(e).

The molecular designing of drugs for specific purposes (such as DNA-binding, enzyme inhibition, anti-cancer efficacy, etc.) based on knowledge of molecular properties such as activity of functional groups, molecular geometry, and electronic structure, and also on information cataloged on analogous molecules. Drug design is generally computer-assisted molecular modeling and does not include pharmacokinetics, dosage analysis, or drug administration analysis.

The various ways of administering a drug or other chemical to a site in a patient or animal from where the chemical is absorbed into the blood and delivered to the target tissue.

Sorbitan mono-9-octadecanoate poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivatives; complex mixtures of polyoxyethylene ethers used as emulsifiers or dispersing agents in pharmaceuticals.

Condition of having pores or open spaces. This often refers to bones, bone implants, or bone cements, but can refer to the porous state of any solid substance.

Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.

Substances made up of an aggregation of small particles, as that obtained by grinding or trituration of a solid drug. In pharmacy it is a form in which substances are administered. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Colloids with a solid continuous phase and liquid as the dispersed phase; gels may be unstable when, due to temperature or other cause, the solid phase liquefies; the resulting colloid is called a sol.

Dynamic and kinetic mechanisms of exogenous chemical and DRUG LIBERATION; ABSORPTION; BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; BIOTRANSFORMATION; elimination; and DRUG TOXICITY as a function of dosage, and rate of METABOLISM. LADMER, ADME and ADMET are abbreviations for liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicology.

Electron microscopy in which the ELECTRONS or their reaction products that pass down through the specimen are imaged below the plane of the specimen.

Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.

The resistance that a gaseous or liquid system offers to flow when it is subjected to shear stress. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Manufacturing technology for making microscopic devices in the micrometer range (typically 1-100 micrometers), such as integrated circuits or MEMS. The process usually involves replication and parallel fabrication of hundreds or millions of identical structures using various thin film deposition techniques and carried out in environmentally-controlled clean rooms.

An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Antineoplastic antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces peucetius. It is a hydroxy derivative of DAUNORUBICIN.

Synthesized magnetic particles under 100 nanometers possessing many biomedical applications including DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS and CONTRAST AGENTS. The particles are usually coated with a variety of polymeric compounds.

Nanometer-sized tubes composed mainly of CARBON. Such nanotubes are used as probes for high-resolution structural and chemical imaging of biomolecules with ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY.

A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.

The application of high intensity ultrasound to liquids.

A spectroscopic technique in which a range of wavelengths is presented simultaneously with an interferometer and the spectrum is mathematically derived from the pattern thus obtained.

The introduction of functional (usually cloned) GENES into cells. A variety of techniques and naturally occurring processes are used for the gene transfer such as cell hybridization, LIPOSOMES or microcell-mediated gene transfer, ELECTROPORATION, chromosome-mediated gene transfer, TRANSFECTION, and GENETIC TRANSDUCTION. Gene transfer may result in genetically transformed cells and individual organisms.

A network of cross-linked hydrophilic macromolecules used in biomedical applications.

Sterile solutions that are intended for instillation into the eye. It does not include solutions for cleaning eyeglasses or CONTACT LENS SOLUTIONS.

Polysaccharide gums from PLANTS.

Differential thermal analysis in which the sample compartment of the apparatus is a differential calorimeter, allowing an exact measure of the heat of transition independent of the specific heat, thermal conductivity, and other variables of the sample.

Implants constructed of materials designed to be absorbed by the body without producing an immune response. They are usually composed of plastics and are frequently used in orthopedics and orthodontics.

The testing of materials and devices, especially those used for PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; SUTURES; TISSUE ADHESIVES; etc., for hardness, strength, durability, safety, efficacy, and biocompatibility.

Term used to designate tetrahydroxy aldehydic acids obtained by oxidation of hexose sugars, i.e. glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, etc. Historically, the name hexuronic acid was originally given to ascorbic acid.

A product formed from skin, white connective tissue, or bone COLLAGEN. It is used as a protein food adjuvant, plasma substitute, hemostatic, suspending agent in pharmaceutical preparations, and in the manufacturing of capsules and suppositories.

A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.

New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.

A compound that, on administration, must undergo chemical conversion by metabolic processes before becoming the pharmacologically active drug for which it is a prodrug.

Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A carrier or inert medium used as a solvent (or diluent) in which the medicinally active agent is formulated and or administered. (Dictionary of Pharmacy, 1986)

Transparent, tasteless crystals found in nature as agate, amethyst, chalcedony, cristobalite, flint, sand, QUARTZ, and tridymite. The compound is insoluble in water or acids except hydrofluoric acid.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

The tendency of a gas or solute to pass from a point of higher pressure or concentration to a point of lower pressure or concentration and to distribute itself throughout the available space. Diffusion, especially FACILITATED DIFFUSION, is a major mechanism of BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT.

Submicron-sized fibers with diameters typically between 50 and 500 nanometers. The very small dimension of these fibers can generate a high surface area to volume ratio, which makes them potential candidates for various biomedical and other applications.

Nanometer-scale composite structures composed of organic molecules intimately incorporated with inorganic molecules. (Glossary of Biotechnology and Nanobiotechology Terms, 4th ed)

A polyvinyl polymer of variable molecular weight; used as suspending and dispersing agent and vehicle for pharmaceuticals; also used as blood volume expander.

A property of the surface of an object that makes it stick to another surface.

Tablets coated with material that delays release of the medication until after they leave the stomach. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Salts of alginic acid that are extracted from marine kelp and used to make dental impressions and as absorbent material for surgical dressings.

Technique whereby the weight of a sample can be followed over a period of time while its temperature is being changed (usually increased at a constant rate).

Nanoparticles produced from metals whose uses include biosensors, optics, and catalysts. In biomedical applications the particles frequently involve the noble metals, especially gold and silver.

Method of using a polycrystalline powder and Rietveld refinement (LEAST SQUARES ANALYSIS) of X-RAY DIFFRACTION or NEUTRON DIFFRACTION. It circumvents the difficulties of producing single large crystals.

Property of membranes and other structures to permit passage of light, heat, gases, liquids, metabolites, and mineral ions.

Techniques and strategies which include the use of coding sequences and other conventional or radical means to transform or modify cells for the purpose of treating or reversing disease conditions.

Specialized non-fenestrated tightly-joined ENDOTHELIAL CELLS with TIGHT JUNCTIONS that form a transport barrier for certain substances between the cerebral capillaries and the BRAIN tissue.

Regular insulin preparations that contain the SUS SCROFA insulin peptide sequence.

A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium such as the aqueous humor.

A polyhedral CARBON structure composed of around 60-80 carbon atoms in pentagon and hexagon configuration. They are named after Buckminster Fuller because of structural resemblance to geodesic domes. Fullerenes can be made in high temperature such as arc discharge in an inert atmosphere.

The study of MAGNETIC PHENOMENA.

The application of drug preparations to the surfaces of the body, especially the skin (ADMINISTRATION, CUTANEOUS) or mucous membranes. This method of treatment is used to avoid systemic side effects when high doses are required at a localized area or as an alternative systemic administration route, to avoid hepatic processing for example.

The concept concerned with all aspects of providing and distributing health services to a patient population.

The thermodynamic interaction between a substance and WATER.

Polymerized forms of styrene used as a biocompatible material, especially in dentistry. They are thermoplastic and are used as insulators, for injection molding and casting, as sheets, plates, rods, rigid forms and beads.

Biocompatible materials usually used in dental and bone implants that enhance biologic fixation, thereby increasing the bond strength between the coated material and bone, and minimize possible biological effects that may result from the implant itself.

A subfield of acoustics dealing in the radio frequency range higher than acoustic SOUND waves (approximately above 20 kilohertz). Ultrasonic radiation is used therapeutically (DIATHERMY and ULTRASONIC THERAPY) to generate HEAT and to selectively destroy tissues. It is also used in diagnostics, for example, ULTRASONOGRAPHY; ECHOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; and ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, to visually display echoes received from irradiated tissues.

The insertion of drugs into the vagina to treat local infections, neoplasms, or to induce labor. The dosage forms may include medicated pessaries, irrigation fluids, and suppositories.

A salt produced by the reaction of zinc oxide with acetic acid and used as an astringent, styptic, and emetic.

A homologous group of cyclic GLUCANS consisting of alpha-1,4 bound glucose units obtained by the action of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase on starch or similar substrates. The enzyme is produced by certain species of Bacillus. Cyclodextrins form inclusion complexes with a wide variety of substances.

An ethylene compound with two hydroxy groups (-OH) located on adjacent carbons. They are viscous and colorless liquids. Some are used as anesthetics or hypnotics. However, the class is best known for their use as a coolant or antifreeze.

Acrylic acids or acrylates which are substituted in the C-2 position with a methyl group.

Methods of creating machines and devices.

Colloids with liquid continuous phase and solid dispersed phase; the term is used loosely also for solid-in-gas (AEROSOLS) and other colloidal systems; water-insoluble drugs may be given as suspensions.

DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.

Two-phase systems in which one is uniformly dispersed in another as particles small enough so they cannot be filtered or will not settle out. The dispersing or continuous phase or medium envelops the particles of the discontinuous phase. All three states of matter can form colloids among each other.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Preclinical testing of drugs in experimental animals or in vitro for their biological and toxic effects and potential clinical applications.

Small encapsulated gas bubbles (diameters of micrometers) that can be used as CONTRAST MEDIA, and in other diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Upon exposure to sufficiently intense ultrasound, microbubbles will cavitate, rupture, disappear, release gas content. Such characteristics of the microbubbles can be used to enhance diagnostic tests, dissolve blood clots, and deliver drugs or genes for therapy.

Colorless, odorless crystals that are used extensively in research laboratories for the preparation of polyacrylamide gels for electrophoresis and in organic synthesis, and polymerization. Some of its polymers are used in sewage and wastewater treatment, permanent press fabrics, and as soil conditioning agents.

The administration of drugs by the respiratory route. It includes insufflation into the respiratory tract.

Introduction of substances into the body using a needle and syringe.

The contribution to barometric PRESSURE of gaseous substance in equilibrium with its solid or liquid phase.

A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.

Chemical substances, produced by microorganisms, inhibiting or preventing the proliferation of neoplasms.

The physical or physiological processes by which substances, tissue, cells, etc. take up or take in other substances or energy.

Introduction of therapeutic agents into the spinal region using a needle and syringe.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

A statistical means of summarizing information from a series of measurements on one individual. It is frequently used in clinical pharmacology where the AUC from serum levels can be interpreted as the total uptake of whatever has been administered. As a plot of the concentration of a drug against time, after a single dose of medicine, producing a standard shape curve, it is a means of comparing the bioavailability of the same drug made by different companies. (From Winslade, Dictionary of Clinical Research, 1992)

A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.

Colloids with a gaseous dispersing phase and either liquid (fog) or solid (smoke) dispersed phase; used in fumigation or in inhalation therapy; may contain propellant agents.

A cellulose derivative which is a beta-(1,4)-D-glucopyranose polymer. It is used as a bulk laxative and as an emulsifier and thickener in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals and as a stabilizer for reagents.

Devices used in a technique by which cells or tissues are grown in vitro or, by implantation, in vivo within chambers permeable to diffusion of solutes across the chamber walls. The chambers are used for studies of drug effects, osmotic responses, cytogenic and immunologic phenomena, metabolism, etc., and include tissue cages.

Devices that cause a liquid or solid to be converted into an aerosol (spray) or a vapor. It is used in drug administration by inhalation, humidification of ambient air, and in certain analytical instruments.

A health care system which combines physicians, hospitals, and other medical services with a health plan to provide the complete spectrum of medical care for its customers. In a fully integrated system, the three key elements - physicians, hospital, and health plan membership - are in balance in terms of matching medical resources with the needs of purchasers and patients. (Coddington et al., Integrated Health Care: Reorganizing the Physician, Hospital and Health Plan Relationship, 1994, p7)

Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.

The generic term for salts derived from silica or the silicic acids. They contain silicon, oxygen, and one or more metals, and may contain hydrogen. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th Ed)

The study of the deformation and flow of matter, usually liquids or fluids, and of the plastic flow of solids. The concept covers consistency, dilatancy, liquefaction, resistance to flow, shearing, thixotrophy, and VISCOSITY.

A calcium salt that is used for a variety of purposes including: building materials, as a desiccant, in dentistry as an impression material, cast, or die, and in medicine for immobilizing casts and as a tablet excipient. It exists in various forms and states of hydration. Plaster of Paris is a mixture of powdered and heat-treated gypsum.

Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to an ethanolamine moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and ethanolamine and 2 moles of fatty acids.

A generic term for fats and lipoids, the alcohol-ether-soluble constituents of protoplasm, which are insoluble in water. They comprise the fats, fatty oils, essential oils, waxes, phospholipids, glycolipids, sulfolipids, aminolipids, chromolipids (lipochromes), and fatty acids. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Persistent pain that is refractory to some or all forms of treatment.

Generally refers to the digestive structures stretching from the MOUTH to ANUS, but does not include the accessory glandular organs (LIVER; BILIARY TRACT; PANCREAS).

Artificially produced membranes, such as semipermeable membranes used in artificial kidney dialysis (RENAL DIALYSIS), monomolecular and bimolecular membranes used as models to simulate biological CELL MEMBRANES. These membranes are also used in the process of GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic properties used in the therapy of rheumatism and arthritis.

A polysaccharide with glucose units linked as in CELLOBIOSE. It is the chief constituent of plant fibers, cotton being the purest natural form of the substance. As a raw material, it forms the basis for many derivatives used in chromatography, ion exchange materials, explosives manufacturing, and pharmaceutical preparations.

Calcium salts of phosphoric acid. These compounds are frequently used as calcium supplements.

Chemical reaction in which monomeric components are combined to form POLYMERS (e.g., POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE).

A cyclodecane isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, TAXUS BREVIFOLIA. It stabilizes MICROTUBULES in their polymerized form leading to cell death.

Uptake of substances through the lining of the INTESTINES.

Polysaccharides composed of repeating galactose units. They can consist of branched or unbranched chains in any linkages.

Sharp instruments used for puncturing or suturing.

In vivo methods of screening investigative anticancer drugs, biologic response modifiers or radiotherapies. Human tumor tissue or cells are transplanted into mice or rats followed by tumor treatment regimens. A variety of outcomes are monitored to assess antitumor effectiveness.

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

A light microscopic technique in which only a small spot is illuminated and observed at a time. An image is constructed through point-by-point scanning of the field in this manner. Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible.

Agents obtained from higher plants that have demonstrable cytostatic or antineoplastic activity.

The transparent, semigelatinous substance that fills the cavity behind the CRYSTALLINE LENS of the EYE and in front of the RETINA. It is contained in a thin hyaloid membrane and forms about four fifths of the optic globe.

The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.

The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacologic, physiologic, or radiologic activity.

Peptides that have the ability to enter cells by crossing the plasma membrane directly, or through uptake by the endocytotic pathway.

Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumor studies and studies on immune responses.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Peptides composed of between two and twelve amino acids.

A broad class of substances containing carbon and its derivatives. Many of these chemicals will frequently contain hydrogen with or without oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and other elements. They exist in either carbon chain or carbon ring form.

Serum albumin from cows, commonly used in in vitro biological studies. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

Cellular uptake of extracellular materials within membrane-limited vacuoles or microvesicles. ENDOSOMES play a central role in endocytosis.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

Transmission of energy or mass by a medium involving movement of the medium itself. The circulatory movement that occurs in a fluid at a nonuniform temperature owing to the variation of its density and the action of gravity. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed; Webster, 10th ed)

The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.

Any visual display of structural or functional patterns of organs or tissues for diagnostic evaluation. It includes measuring physiologic and metabolic responses to physical and chemical stimuli, as well as ultramicroscopy.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of chemical processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Injections made into a vein for therapeutic or experimental purposes.

Extraction of the FETUS by means of abdominal HYSTEROTOMY.

Use of ultrasound to increase the percutaneous adsorption of drugs.

A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.

Human colonic ADENOCARCINOMA cells that are able to express differentiation features characteristic of mature intestinal cells, such as ENTEROCYTES. These cells are valuable in vitro tools for studies related to intestinal cell function and differentiation.

Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions.They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects.

A peptide which is a homopolymer of lysine.

Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

An EPITHELIUM with MUCUS-secreting cells, such as GOBLET CELLS. It forms the lining of many body cavities, such as the DIGESTIVE TRACT, the RESPIRATORY TRACT, and the reproductive tract. Mucosa, rich in blood and lymph vessels, comprises an inner epithelium, a middle layer (lamina propria) of loose CONNECTIVE TISSUE, and an outer layer (muscularis mucosae) of SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS that separates the mucosa from submucosa.

An organ of digestion situated in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen between the termination of the ESOPHAGUS and the beginning of the DUODENUM.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

An estrogen responsive cell line derived from a patient with metastatic human breast ADENOCARCINOMA (at the Michigan Cancer Foundation.)

Complex compounds in which a dumbbell shaped molecule is encircled by a macrocycle. They are named after rota (wheel) and axis (axle). Notation with a prefix is used to indicate the number of interlocked components. They have potential use in NANOTECHNOLOGY. Rotaxanes have been made with CYCLODEXTRINS and CYCLIC ETHERS.

Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.

A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.

Artificial substitutes for body parts, and materials inserted into tissue for functional, cosmetic, or therapeutic purposes. Prostheses can be functional, as in the case of artificial arms and legs, or cosmetic, as in the case of an artificial eye. Implants, all surgically inserted or grafted into the body, tend to be used therapeutically. IMPLANTS, EXPERIMENTAL is available for those used experimentally.

Transdermal photopolymerization for minimally invasive implantation. (1/6144)

Photopolymerizations are widely used in medicine to create polymer networks for use in applications such as bone restorations and coatings for artificial implants. These photopolymerizations occur by directly exposing materials to light in "open" environments such as the oral cavity or during invasive procedures such as surgery. We hypothesized that light, which penetrates tissue including skin, could cause a photopolymerization indirectly. Liquid materials then could be injected s.c. and solidified by exposing the exterior surface of the skin to light. To test this hypothesis, the penetration of UVA and visible light through skin was studied. Modeling predicted the feasibility of transdermal polymerization with only 2 min of light exposure required to photopolymerize an implant underneath human skin. To establish the validity of these modeling studies, transdermal photopolymerization first was applied to tissue engineering by using "injectable" cartilage as a model system. Polymer/chondrocyte constructs were injected s.c. and transdermally photopolymerized. Implants harvested at 2, 4, and 7 weeks demonstrated collagen and proteoglycan production and histology with tissue structure comparable to native neocartilage. To further examine this phenomenon and test the applicability of transdermal photopolymerization for drug release devices, albumin, a model protein, was released for 1 week from photopolymerized hydrogels. With further study, transdermal photpolymerization potentially could be used to create a variety of new, minimally invasive surgical procedures in applications ranging from plastic and orthopedic surgery to tissue engineering and drug delivery. (+info)

Enhancement of fluid filtration across tumor vessels: implication for delivery of macromolecules. (2/6144)

Cancer therapies using genes and other macromolecules might realize their full clinical potential if they could be delivered to tumor tissue in optimal quantities. Unfortunately, the compromised circulation within tumors poses a formidable resistance to adequate and uniform penetration of these agents. Previously, we have proposed elevated interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) as a major physiological barrier to delivery of macromolecules. Here we postulate that modulation of tumor microvascular pressure (MVP) and associated changes in IFP would enhance macromolecular delivery into a solid tumor. To test our hypothesis, we altered tumor MVP by either periodic injection or continuous infusion of angiotensin II (AII) and measured the resulting changes in IFP and uptake of macromolecules. We used the nicotinyl hydrazine derivative of human polyclonal IgG (HYNIC-IgG) as a nonspecific macromolecule and CC49 antibody as a specific macromolecule. We found that both chronic and periodic modulation of tumor MVP enhances transvascular fluid filtration, leading to a 40% increase in total uptake of the specific antibody within 4 hr of its administration. Conversely, neither continuous nor periodic infusion of AII induced any increase in uptake of nonspecific antibodies. Strategies to improve delivery of macromolecules and limitations of this approach are identified. (+info)

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein as a delivery system for photosensitizers: implications for photodynamic therapy of atherosclerosis. (3/6144)

Photodynamic therapy is a promising new strategy in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Photodynamic therapy for vascular diseases may be improved by the specific delivery of photosensitizers to the atherosclerotic lesion. In this study, we studied whether oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) could be used as a specific carrier for photosensitizers, thereby using the scavenger receptor expressed on macrophages as a target. The photosensitizer aluminum phthalocyanine chloride (AlPc) was incorporated into OxLDL, and its photodynamic effects were studied. Macrophages (RAW 264.7) were incubated with various concentrations of OxLDL-AlPc for different periods. After illumination of the cells with red light, cytotoxicity was observed that was dependent on the time of illumination and incubation. Macrophages incubated with OxLDL-AlPc that were not illuminated revealed no cytotoxicity. The uptake of the OxLDL-AlPc complexes was mediated by scavenger receptors expressed on macrophages. In the presence of the polyanion polyinosinic acid, a specific ligand for scavenger receptors, no cytotoxicity could be observed. Serum incubations of the OxLDL-AlPc complexes revealed that these complexes stay intact after incubation. No redistribution of AlPc to other plasma (lipo-) proteins could be detected, and 80-90% of the AlPc remained associated with the OxLDL particle. These results indicate that OxLDL may function as a specific delivery system for photosensitizers to the scavenger receptors expressed on the macrophages in the atherosclerotic lesion, increasing the beneficial effects of photodynamic therapy for cardiovascular diseases. (+info)

Early use of inhaled nedocromil sodium in children following an acute episode of asthma. (4/6144)

BACKGROUND: Current guidelines on the treatment of childhood asthma recommend the introduction of an anti-inflammatory drug in children who have persistent symptoms and require regular treatment with a bronchodilator. The efficacy and safety of inhaled nedocromil sodium (Tilade Mint aerosol) administered using a Fisonair spacer at a dose of 4 mg three times daily was compared with placebo in the treatment of asthmatic children aged 6-12 years who are symptomatic and recovering from an acute exacerbation of asthma. METHODS: A group comparative, double blind, placebo controlled trial was performed in children who were recovering from an acute episode of asthma following treatment in the emergency department of the hospital or in children referred from their general practitioner following a wheezing episode and documented evidence of at least two previous episodes of wheezing. A two week baseline period on existing bronchodilator treatment was followed by a 12 week treatment period on either nedocromil sodium (2 mg/puff) or placebo. Both treatments were administered using a Fisonair spacer at a dose of two puffs three times daily. Changes from baseline values in daytime asthma and night time asthma symptom scores, usage of rescue bronchodilators, mean peak expiratory flow (PEF) recorded twice daily on diary cards, patients' opinion of treatment, and withdrawals due to treatment failure were measured during the primary treatment period (last six weeks of treatment). RESULTS: One hundred and forty two children aged 6-12 years entered the baseline period. Sixty three were withdrawn due to failure to meet the entry criteria (18) or the criteria for asthma symptom severity (15) or reversibility (9), because they developed uncontrolled asthma (2), because they took disallowed treatment (2), or for other non-trial related reasons (17). Seventy nine patients (46 boys) of mean age 8. 8 years entered the treatment period. There were significant differences in the changes from baseline values during the last six weeks of treatment in favour of nedocromil sodium compared with placebo in the primary variables of daytime asthma and night time asthma, morning and evening PEF, and the usage of rescue inhaled bronchodilators; 53% of patients reported nedocromil sodium to be very or moderately effective compared with 44% placebo. Improvement in asthma symptoms, PEF, and reduction in use of rescue bronchodilators did not reach statistical significance until after six weeks of treatment. Twenty two patients were withdrawn or dropped out during the treatment phase, 12 due to uncontrolled asthma or persistence of asthma symptoms, four due to suspected adverse drug reactions (nedocromil sodium 3 (headaches 2, angio-oedema/urticaria 1), placebo 1(persistent cough)), and six due to non-treatment related reasons. Seventy one adverse events were reported by 27 patients in the nedocromil group and 75 by 30 patients in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: Asthma symptoms, use of bronchodilators, and lung function can be improved significantly in children recovering from an acute exacerbation of asthma or wheeze and currently receiving treatment with bronchodilators alone by the addition of inhaled nedocromil sodium at a dose of 4 mg three times daily administered using a Fisonair holding chamber. (+info)

Photochemical internalization: a novel technology for delivery of macromolecules into cytosol. (5/6144)

The therapeutic usefulness of macromolecules, such as in gene therapy, is often limited by an inefficient transfer of the macromolecule to the cytosol and a lack of tissue-specific targeting. The possibility of photochemically releasing macromolecules from endosomes and lysosomes into the cytosol was examined. Endocytosed macromolecules and photosensitizer were exposed to light and intracellular localization and the expression of macomolecules in the cytosol was analyzed. This novel technology, named photochemical internalization (PCI), was found to efficiently deliver type I ribosome-inactivating proteins, horseradish peroxidase, a p21ras-derived peptide, and a plasmid encoding green fluorescent protein into cytosol in a light-dependent manner. The results presented here show that PCI can induce efficient light-directed delivery of macromolecules into the cytosol, indicating that PCI may have a variety of useful applications for site-specific drug delivery, e.g., in gene therapy, vaccination, and cancer treatment. (+info)

Nucleotide exchange in genomic DNA of rat hepatocytes using RNA/DNA oligonucleotides. Targeted delivery of liposomes and polyethyleneimine to the asialoglycoprotein receptor. (6/6144)

Chimeric RNA/DNA oligonucleotides have been shown to promote single nucleotide exchange in genomic DNA. A chimeric molecule was designed to introduce an A to C nucleotide conversion at the Ser365 position of the rat factor IX gene. The oligonucleotides were encapsulated in positive, neutral, and negatively charged liposomes containing galactocerebroside or complexed with lactosylated polyethyleneimine. The formulations were evaluated for stability and efficiency in targeting hepatocytes via the asialoglycoprotein receptor. Physical characterization and electron microscopy revealed that the oligonucleotides were efficiently encapsulated within the liposomes, with the positive and negative formulations remaining stable for at least 1 month. Transfection efficiencies in isolated rat hepatocytes approached 100% with each of the formulations. However, the negative liposomes and 25-kDa lactosylated polyethyleneimine provided the most intense nuclear fluorescence with the fluorescein-labeled oligonucleotides. The lactosylated polyethyleneimine and the three different liposomal formulations resulted in A to C conversion efficiencies of 19-24%. In addition, lactosylated polyethyleneimine was also highly effective in transfecting plasmid DNA into isolated hepatocytes. The results suggest that both the liposomal and polyethyleneimine formulations are simple to prepare and stable and give reliable, reproducible results. They provide efficient delivery systems to hepatocytes for the introduction or repair of genetic mutations by the chimeric RNA/DNA oligonucleotides. (+info)

Tracking the intracellular path of poly(ethylenimine)/DNA complexes for gene delivery. (7/6144)

Poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) is one of a number of polycations that has been used successfully to transfer genes into living cells. Although PEI shows promise in the field of gene therapy, to date no rigorous proof of mechanism has been published regarding the fate of PEI/DNA administered for transfection. Here we show, by using fluorescent labeling and confocal microscopy, the paths of PEI/DNA complexes from endocytosis to gene expression. We found that complexes attach to cell surfaces and migrate into clumps that are endocytosed. The endocytotic vesicles grow in number and size and are occasionally seen to lyse. Most interesting is the fact that endocytosed PEI, whether administered with or without DNA, undergoes nuclear localization in the form of ordered structures. (+info)

Intranuclear delivery of an antiviral peptide mediated by the B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin. (8/6144)

We report an intracellular peptide delivery system capable of targeting specific cellular compartments. In the model system we constructed a chimeric protein consisting of the nontoxic B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (EtxB) fused to a 27-mer peptide derived from the DNA polymerase of herpes simplex virus 1. Viral DNA synthesis takes places in the nucleus and requires the interaction with an accessory factor, UL42, encoded by the virus. The peptide, designated Pol, is able to dissociate this interaction. The chimeric protein, EtxB-Pol, retained the functional properties of both EtxB and peptide components and was shown to inhibit viral DNA polymerase activity in vitro via disruption of the polymerase-UL42 complex. When added to virally infected cells, EtxB-Pol had no effect on adenovirus replication but specifically interfered with herpes simplex virus 1 replication. Further studies showed that the antiviral peptide localized in the nucleus, whereas the EtxB component remained associated with vesicular compartments. The results indicate that the chimeric protein entered through endosomal acidic compartments and that the Pol peptide was cleaved from the chimeric protein before being translocated into the nucleus. The system we describe is suitable for delivery of peptides that specifically disrupt protein-protein interactions and may be developed to target specific cellular compartments. (+info)

a b Liechty, W. B., Kryscio, D. R., Slaughter, B. V., & Peppas, N. A. (2012). Polymers for drug delivery systems. HHS Author ... Researchers have devised ways to use smart polymers to control the release of drugs until the delivery system has reached the ... Many creative approaches to targeted drug delivery systems that self-regulate based on their unique cellular surroundings, are ... recognition and finally produced awareness systems and polymer-carriers to facilitate drug delivery in the body system. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_polymer

Loyd Allen; Howard C. Ansel (23 December 2013). Ansel's Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems (Tenth ed.). ... Singh Malik, D; Mital, N; Kaur, G (2016). "Topical drug delivery systems: a patent review". Expert Opinion on Therapeutic ... Comprehensive Dermatologic Drug Therapy. WB Saunders. 2001. pp 563-572. *^ a b c Wolverton, S. Comprehensive Dermatologic Drug ... Powder[8] is either the pure drug by itself (talcum powder), or is made of the drug mixed in a carrier such as corn starch or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ointment

Nervous System Drug Delivery. Academic Press. pp. 3-20. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813997-4.00001-3. ISBN 978-0-12-813997-4. Ebnet K ... Within the Sertoli cells of the male reproductive system, JAM-3 interacts with JAM-2 to influence the polarity of both round ... 3 has been shown to be a primary regulator of the development of spermatids as well as the rest of the male reproductive system ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junctional_adhesion_molecule

His research is focused on the design and physicochemical characterisation of advanced polymeric drug delivery systems for ... "Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems". Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences. 3 (1): 89-100. doi:10.4103/0975-7406.76478. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryan_Donnelly_(pharmaceutical_scientist)

... in drug delivery systems, the mucus layer must be penetrated in order to effectively transport micro- or nanosized drug ... "Nasal mucoadhesive drug delivery: Background, applications, trends and future perspectives". Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. 57 ... Boddupalli, Bindu M.; Mohammed, Zulkar N.K.; Nath, Ravinder A.; Banji, David (2010). "Mucoadhesive drug delivery system: An ... Bernkop-Schnürch, A; Dünnhaupt, S (August 2012). "Chitosan-based drug delivery systems". Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 81 (3): 463-469 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucoadhesion

The first modern remote drug-delivery system was invented by scientists at the University of Georgia in the 1950s, and was the ... NZ Edge Heroes biography of Colin Murdoch Bush, Mitchell (1992). "Remote Drug Delivery Systems". Journal of Zoo and Wildlife ... Several immobilizing drugs have been devised for use in tranquillizer darts. These include: Azaperone Combelen (Bayer) ... "Remote Injection Systems". VetFolio. Retrieved 31 Dec 2018. Tranquillizer agents Archived April 26, 2006, at the Wayback ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tranquillizer_gun

Robb Pharmaceutical Systems for Drug Delivery, David Jones; Chien YW. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc; 1993. Novel drug ... meaning delivery of the drug settles to a constant rate. This is crucial in drug delivery and is used in cases such as the ... Medical Uses: Permeation can also be seen in the medical field in drug delivery. Drug patches made up of polymer material ... delivery systems. O.V. Malykh, A.Yu. Golub, V.V. Teplyakov, "Polymeric membrane materials: New aspects of empirical approaches ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permeation

Neurotoxicity concern about the brain targeting delivery systems". In Gao H, Gao X (eds.). Brain Targeted Drug Delivery System ... FUCCI is a system that takes advantage of cell cycle phase-specific expression of proteins and their degradation by the ... Hydroxyurea (HU) is a small molecule drug that inhibits the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), preventing the catalysis of ... Xu K, Schwarz PM, Ludueña RF (Feb 2002). "Interaction of nocodazole with tubulin isotypes". Drug Development Research. 55 (2): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induced_cell_cycle_arrest

Gupta S, Dhanda S, Sandhir R (2019). "Anatomy and physiology of blood-brain barrier". Brain Targeted Drug Delivery System. ... Mechanisms for drug targeting in the brain involve going either "through" or "behind" the BBB. Modalities for drug delivery to ... Silva GA (December 2008). "Nanotechnology approaches to crossing the blood-brain barrier and drug delivery to the CNS". BMC ... This system allows the passage of some molecules by passive diffusion, as well as the selective and active transport of various ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood–brain_barrier

In the 2000 there has been an increase in research on the use of hydrogels for drug delivery. Polymeric drug delivery systems ... "Physical hydrogels with self-assembled nanostructures as drug delivery systems". Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery. 8 (9): 1141- ... Sustained-release drug delivery systems. Ionic strength, pH and temperature can be used as a triggering factor to control the ... "Environment-sensitive hydrogels for drug delivery". Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. 53 (3): 321-339. doi:10.1016/S0169-409X(01) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel

Polymers for Drug Delivery Systems. 97, Part B (Pt B): 338-349. doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.05.017. PMID 26614556. Ward, Mark A.; ... Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. Matrices and Scaffolds for Drug Delivery in Tissue Engineering. 59 (4-5): 263-273. doi:10.1016/ ... Current research efforts focus on water-based applications like drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, bioseparation (see ... A. K. Bajpai, Sandeep K. Shukla, Smitha Bhanu, Sanjana Kankane, Responsive polymers in controlled drug delivery, Progress in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature-responsive_polymer

Ranade VV, Cannon JB (2011). Drug Delivery Systems (3rd ed.). CRC Press. p. 337. ISBN 978-1-4398-0618-0. Lehne RA, Rosenthal L ... ISBN 978-0-323-29354-9. Srikrishna S, Cardozo L (April 2013). "The vagina as a route for drug delivery: a review". ... The vagina is the birth canal for the delivery of a baby. When labor (a physiological process preceding delivery) nears, ... The opening to the vagina is normally obscured by the labia minora (vaginal lips), but may be exposed after vaginal delivery. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vagina

Tønnesen, Hanne Hjorth; Karlsen, Jan (2002-01-01). "Alginate in Drug Delivery Systems". Drug Development and Industrial ... Alginates are the natural product of brown algae and have been used extensively in wound dressing, drug delivery and tissue ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edible_packaging

Nanoparticles have been explored as a delivery system for various drugs, such as improving the oral bioavailability of drugs ... "Biologically erodible microspheres as potential oral drug delivery systems". Nature. 386 (6623): 410-414. doi:10.1038/386410a0 ... Drug interactions[edit]. Coenzyme Q10 has potential to inhibit the effects of warfarin (Coumadin), a potent anticoagulant, by ... CoQ10 is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of any medical condition.[13] It is sold ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubidecarenone

Transdermal and Topical Drug Delivery Systems. Informa Health Care. ISBN 1-57491-041-8. US Department of Health and Human ... US Food and Drug Administration Postmarket Drug Safety Information for Patients and Providers. Retrieved 2010-03-24. CS1 maint ... patches sold under the brand name Salonpas are approved by the Food and Drug Administration under a New Drug Application (NDA) ... Drug Topics. Retrieved 2010-03-24. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) Ghosh, Tapash K.; William R. Pfister; Su Il Yum ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transdermal_analgesic_patch

"Orotransmucosal drug delivery systems: a review". J Control Release. 140 (1): 2-11. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.07.016. PMID ... "New delivery systems to improve the bioavailability of resveratrol". Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 8 (8): 973-90. doi:10.1517/ ... However, the viability of a buccal delivery method is unlikely due to the low aqueous solubility of the molecule. The ... Sharan S, Nagar S; Nagar (2013). "Pulmonary metabolism of resveratrol: In vitro and in vivo evidence". Drug Metabolism and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resveratrol

Sajan J (October 2009). "Chronotherapeutics and Chronotherapeutic Drug Delivery Systems". Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical ... Chronotherapy, also called chronotherapeutics or chronotherapeutic drug delivery, refers to the use of circadian or other ... drug availability is timed to match rhythms of disease in order to optimize therapeutic outcomes and minimize side effects. " ... in drug-resistant bipolar depression". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 75 (2): 133-40. doi:10.4088/JCP.13m08455. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronotherapy_(treatment_scheduling)

... and Microscale Drug Delivery Systems. pp. 281-98. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-52727-9.00015-7. ISBN 978-0-323-52727-9. Media related ... Jeswani G, Paul SD (2017). "Recent Advances in the Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Agents". Nano- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannosulfan

Through the addition of a drug substance into the electrospinning solution or melt[55] diverse fibrous drug delivery systems (e ... for preparation of fast dissolving drug delivery system and comparison with solvent-based electrospun and melt extruded systems ... for Preparation of Fast Dissolving Drug Delivery System and Comparison with Solvent-Based Electrospun and Melt Extruded Systems ... This opens up the possibility of creating composite fibers which can function as drug delivery systems or possess the ability ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrospinning

Selbo, PK; A Hogset; L Prasmickaite; K Berg (2002). "Photochemical internalisation: a novel drug delivery system". Tumour Biol ... Otherwise, a hydrophilic delivery system must enable efficient and effective transportation of the photosensitiser to the ... Although these systems may increase therapeutic effects, the carrier system may inadvertently decrease the "observed" singlet ... "Metal-Based Drugs. 2008: 276109. doi:10.1155/2008/276109. ISSN 0793-0291. PMC 2535827. PMID 18815617.. This article contains ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodynamic_therapy

Stella, V. (1975). "Pro-drugs: An Overview and Definition". Pro-drugs as Novel Drug Delivery Systems. ACS Symposium Series. 14 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estradiol_benzoate_cyclooctenyl_ether

Juliano, R. L. (1980-10-01). Drug delivery systems: characteristics and biomedical applications. Oxford University Press. ISBN ... Enteric coating is also an effective method to obtain drug targeting (such as gastro-resistant drugs). Other drugs such as some ... Wen, Hong; Park, Kinam (2011-01-14). Oral Controlled Release Formulation Design and Drug Delivery: Theory to Practice. John ... Bundgaard, Hans; Hansen, Anne Bagger; Kofod, Helmer (1982-02-01). Optimization of drug delivery: proceedings of the Alfred ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteric_coating

416-. ISBN 978-93-5090-575-3. Mary Lee; Archana Desai (2007). Gibaldi's Drug Delivery Systems in Pharmaceutical Care. ASHP. pp ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progestogen-only_injectable_contraceptive

Lee, Mary; Desai, Archana (2007). Gibaldi's Drug Delivery Systems in Pharmaceutical Care. ASHP. p. 107. ISBN 9781585281367. ... The technique is widely used in biomedical research to introduce drugs, therapeutic RNAs, plasmid DNAs, and viral vectors into ... The Ommaya reservoir is a catheter system invented by Ayub Ommaya, a Pakistani neurosurgeon in 1963. The reservoir is implanted ... "Delivery of Therapeutic Agents Through Intracerebroventricular (ICV) and Intravenous (IV) Injection in Mice". J Vis Exp (56). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intracerebroventricular_injection

572-. ISBN 978-0-323-29327-3. Mary Lee; Archana Desai (2007). Gibaldi's Drug Delivery Systems in Pharmaceutical Care. ASHP. pp ... Place in therapy". Drugs. 47 (5): 741-73. doi:10.2165/00003495-199447050-00004. PMID 7520856. Zuidema, J.; Pieters, F.A.J.M.; ... 281-. ISBN 978-1-58528-136-7. Davis JM, Matalon L, Watanabe MD, Blake L, Metalon L (May 1994). "Depot antipsychotic drugs. ... List of antipsychotics § Antipsychotic esters J. Elks (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haloperidol_decanoate

Loyd Allen; Howard C. Ansel (23 December 2013). Ansel's Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems (Tenth ed.). ... "Topical drug delivery systems: a patent review". Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents. 26 (2): 213-28. doi:10.1517/ ... The release of the active component from a transdermal delivery system (patch) may be controlled by diffusion through the ... Powder is either the pure drug by itself (talcum powder), or is made of the drug mixed in a carrier such as corn starch or corn ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topical_medication

"Current status of polymeric gene delivery systems". Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. 58 (4): 467-486. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2006.03 ... Polylysine homopolymers or block copolymers have been widely used for delivery of DNA and proteins. Polylysine-based ... "DNA delivery with hyperbranched polylysine: a comparative study with linear and dendritic polylysine". Journal of Controlled ... which can be used either as surfactants or emulsifiers in the encapsulation of water-insoluble drugs or as antimicrobial agents ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polylysine

"Non-viral COVID-19 vaccine delivery systems". Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. 169: 137-151. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2020.12.008. ... A common application of nanomedicine is in therapeutic drug delivery, where nanoparticles containing drugs for therapeutic ... These include more durable construction materials, therapeutic drug delivery, and higher density hydrogen fuel cells that are ... Ultrablack material can be applied to camera and telescope systems to decrease the amount of light and allow for more detailed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_nanotechnology

De Smet, Peter A.G.M. (December 1997). "The Role of Plant-Derived Drugs and Herbal Medicines in Healthcare". Drugs. 54 (6): 801 ... "An alternative medical system is a set of practices based on a philosophy different from Western biomedicine."[17] ... and a dislike of the current delivery methods of scientific biomedicine, all of which have led patients to seek out alternative ... 2006). "Drug-related hepatotoxicity". New England Journal of Medicine. 354 (7): 731-39. doi:10.1056/NEJMra052270. PMID 16481640 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrative_medicine

Each state operates its own Medicaid system, but this system must conform to federal guidelines in order for the state to ... The Medicaid Drug Rebate Program and the Health Insurance Premium Payment Program (HIPP) were created by the Omnibus Budget ... monitors the state-run programs and establishes requirements for service delivery, quality, funding, and eligibility standards ... "Medicaid Drug Rebate Program Overview". HHS. Archived from the original on December 14, 2007.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicaid

... hypoxicators that can be distinguished by the method of producing hypoxic air and its delivery to the user's respiratory system ... an emerging drug-free treatment for a wide range of degenerative disorders and for simulated altitude training used to achieve ... who pioneered normobaric hypoxic altitude training systems. Most of these systems have not been cleared for medical ... A hypoxicator is a medical device intended to provide a stimulus for the adaptation of an individual's cardiovascular system by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoxicator

"Drug Trials Snapshots: Aklief". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 11 October 2019. Archived from the original on 19 ... C. acnes' ability to bind and activate a class of immune system receptors known as toll-like receptors (TLRs), especially TLR2 ... "Industry update: the latest developments in the field of therapeutic delivery, July 2018". Therapeutic Delivery (Review). 9 ... Aslam I, Fleischer A, Feldman S (March 2015). "Emerging drugs for the treatment of acne". Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs. 20 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acne_vulgaris

JEL: P5 - Comparative Economic Systems JEL: P50 - Geral. JEL: P51 - Comparative Analysis of Economic Systems. JEL: P52 - ... JEL: L87 - Postal and Delivery Services. JEL: L88 - Government Policy. JEL: L89 - Outros. JEL: L9 - Industry Studies: ... JEL: L65 - Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology. JEL: L66 - Food; Beverages; Cosmetics; Tobacco. JEL: L67 - Other Consumer ... JEL: H61 - Budget; Budget Systems. JEL: H62 - Deficit; Surplus. JEL: H63 - Debt; Debt Management. JEL: H68 - Forecasts of ...

https://pt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Códigos_de_classificação_JEL

... particularly community-based approaches for basic service delivery with a functional community support system through female ... The epidemic in Nepal is driven by injecting drug users, migrants, sex workers and their clients, and MSM. Results from the ... rates of institutional deliveries as well as deliveries attended by a skilled birth attendant (56%). Nepal is also on track to ... Nepal is one of the countries recognized for the well‐functioning immunization system with coverage of 97% population equally, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_in_Nepal

... which sets out the principles and directives for the delivery of healthcare in the country through the Unified Health System ( ... In 1998, the National Drug Policy was approved, whose purpose is to ensure safety, efficacy, and quality of drugs, as well as ... In 2000, there were 14 industries authorized to produce generic drugs and about 200 registered generic drugs were being ... Brazil is among the greatest consumers markets for drugs, accounting for 3.5% share of the world market. To expand the access ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_Brazil

Modern drug ampoules. Transparency of information is another factor defining a delivery system. Access to information on ... Review of systems (ROS) or systems inquiry: a set of additional questions to ask, which may be missed on HPI: a general enquiry ... Immunology is the study of the immune system, which includes the innate and adaptive immune system in humans, for example. ... Delivery[edit]. See also: Health care, clinic, hospital, and hospice. Provision of medical care is classified into primary, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical

... peripheral nervous system, and central nervous system.[61][84] Many of the signs and symptoms of Lyme disease are a consequence ... "Infection and Drug Resistance. 8: 119-128. doi:10.2147/IDR.S66739. PMC 4440423. PMID 26028977.. ... Ribeiro JM, Mather TN, Piesman J, Spielman A (March 1987). "Dissemination and salivary delivery of Lyme disease spirochetes in ... Richard Ostfeld (2012). Lyme Disease: The Ecology of a Complex System. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199928477. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease

DMSO drug solution. *Electrophoretic dermal delivery system. *Hydrogel. *Liposomes. *Transfersome vesicles. *Cream ... Illegal - various gaseous, vaporised or aerosolized recreational drugs Medical use[edit]. Diagnostic[edit]. Various specialized ... Gases and other drugs used in anaesthesia include oxygen, nitrous oxide, helium, xenon, volatile anaesthetic agents. Medication ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhale

A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by ... U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 2010-10-15.. *^ "Title 21-Food and drugs: Chapter i-Food and drug administration: ... U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 2010-10-15.. *^ a b c d e f "General and Special Controls". Medical Devices. U.S. ... United States (Food and Drug Administration)Edit. Section 201(h) of the Federal Food Drug & Cosmetic (FD&C) Act[6] defines a ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_device

Of numerous grading systems in use for the classification of tumor of the central nervous system, the World Health Organization ... The toxicity and many side effects of the drugs, and the uncertain outcome of chemotherapy in brain tumors puts this treatment ... "A uniquely stable replication-competent retrovirus vector achieves efficient gene delivery in vitro and in solid tumors". Human ... The central nervous system cancer survival rate in children is approximately 60%. The rate varies with the type of cancer and ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_tumors

The drug is relatively inexpensive, but the cost of the drug is still very high for many of those in West African states. Fluid ... When Lassa fever infects pregnant women late in their third trimester, inducing delivery is necessary for the mother to have a ... Nervous system *Encephalitis. *Meningitis. *Unilateral or bilateral hearing loss, observed in up to one third of adults, which ... Following delivery, women should receive the same treatment as other Lassa fever patients. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lassa_fever

DeQuattro, V., & Hamad, R. (1985). The role of stress and the sympathetic nervous system in hypertension and ischemic heart ... thus reducing redundancy in service delivery. ... Drug testing. *e-recruitment. *Employment counsellor. * ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_health_psychology

Stevens, C. Edward; Hume, Ian D. (1995). Comparative Physiology of the Vertebrate Digestive System. Cambridge University Press ... Since they are unable to go onto land to calve, they deliver the baby with the fetus positioned for tail-first delivery. This ... he was told by the Great Spirit where to find special mushrooms that would give him the strength to drag the whale back to the ... prevents the baby from drowning either upon or during delivery. To feed the new-born, whales, being aquatic, must squirt the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whale

... the more than 20 resolutions adopted by the Assembly included ones concerning strengthening of national drug management systems ... "integrated service delivery."[16] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Assembly

It could be argued that IBM Notes and Domino is a multi-value database system like PICK, or that it is an object system like ... To select multiple documents in a Notes view, one drags one's mouse next to the documents to select, rather than using ⇧ Shift ... via mail routing and delivery, or via programmed code. ... and IBM mid-range systems such as the IBM System i (previously ... Operating system. Windows, OS X, Linux. Available in. 28 user-interface and mail template languages, 64 variants available for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_Domino

The rise of an understanding of the body and mind in terms of the nervous system led to the emergence of a new wave of music ... Dinesh C. Sharma with a motto "to use pleasant sounds in a specific manner like drug in due course of time as green medicine".[ ... "the conscientious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients or the delivery of ... After 1800 books on music therapy often drew on the Brunonian system of medicine, arguing that the stimulation of the nerves ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurologic_music_therapy

DMSO drug solution. *Electrophoretic dermal delivery system. *Hydrogel. *Liposomes. *Transfersome vesicles. *Cream ... "Drugs.com. 3 January 2018. Retrieved 5 January 2018.. *^ O'Toole, S.; Mullan, F. (2018). "The role of the diet in tooth wear" ( ... and particularly is not recommended during pregnancy or when prescription drugs are used; comfrey is not recommended for oral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tisane

Biomaterials are also used every day in dental applications, surgery, and drug delivery. For example, a construct with ... Chemical kinetics is the study of the rates at which systems that are out of equilibrium change under the influence of various ... Cryogenic receiver front-end (CRFE) RF and microwave filter systems for mobile phone base stations; prototypes in dry ice; ... A biomaterial is any matter, surface, or construct that interacts with biological systems. The study of biomaterials is called ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materials_science

response to drug. • DNA unwinding involved in DNA replication. • cellular response to hydroxyurea. • replication-born double- ... "In Vivo Delivery of miR-34a Sensitizes Lung Tumors to Radiation Through RAD51 Regulation". Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 4: e270. doi ... and RAD51 proteins in a yeast two-hybrid system". Genomics. 37 (2): 183-6. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0540. PMID 8921390.. ... "Specific activation of microRNA-127 with downregulation of the proto-oncogene BCL6 by chromatin-modifying drugs in human cancer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rad51

Advanced SEAL Delivery System. *Cosmos CE2F series. *Dry Combat Submersible. *Human torpedo ... Effects of drugs on fitness to dive. *Fitness to dive. *Psychological fitness to dive ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquarius_Reef_Base

... including chemotherapy drugs, is another potential occupational risk. These drugs can cause cancer and other health conditions. ... A surgical practitioner is a healthcare professional who specializes in the planning and delivery of a patient's perioperative ... either as integrated within or remaining outside the formal health care system. These include practitioners in acupuncture, ... They often work in hospitals, healthcare centres and other service delivery points, but also in academic training, research, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_professional

Bennett Alan Weinberg; Bonnie K. Bealer (2001). The World of Caffeine: The Science and Culture of the World's Most Popular Drug ... 1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. p. 203. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7.. ... Ferruzzi, MG (2010). "The influence of beverage composition on delivery of phenolic compounds from coffee and tea". Physiol ... Bennett Alan Weinberg, Bonnie K. Bealer (2001). The World of Caffeine: The Science and Culture of the World's Most Popular Drug ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tea

PediaSIM HPS also responds to drug administration with a unique Drug Recognition System that uses barcode technology. New ... The optional anesthesia delivery system allows the lungs to uptake or excrete nitrous oxide, sevoflurane, isoflurane and other ... It was created for practice with normal deliveries, emergency deliveries, as well as births with complications. "Fidelis Lucina ... a b c d Petty, M. D., Windyga, P. S. (1999). A High Level Architecture-based Medical Simulation System. SIMULATION, 73, 281-287 ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_simulation

G.100.1 the level in dBov of a digital system is defined as: L. ov. =. 10. log. 10. ⁡. (. P. P. 0. ). [. dBov. ]. {\ ... Chand, N., Magill, P. D., Swaminathan, S. V., & Daugherty, T. H. (1999). Delivery of digital video and other multimedia ... dB drag racing. *Decade (log scale). *Loudness. *One-third octave § Base 10 ... Its application in systems with additive effects is less intuitive. Reporting large ratiosEdit. The logarithmic scale nature of ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decibel

In the late part of her reign, Maria Theresa undertook reform of the system of serfdom, which was the basis for agriculture in ... "I don't know if a town will remain to me for my delivery."[56] She bitterly vowed to spare nothing and no one to defend her ... The wider war dragged on for another three years, with fighting in northern Italy and the Austrian Netherlands; however, the ... They claimed that the crown had no right to interfere with the serf system, since the nobles were the original owners of the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Theresa_of_Austria

Sutherland, W. J. (1998). Evidence for flexibility and constraint in migration systems. Journal of Avian biology, 441-446. ... Petrified by the darkness once dragged below, white-tailed eagles apparently offer no resistance once caught. However, habitat ... this kind of direct continuous observation of food deliveries to nests is not always possible.[4] Furthermore, despite similar ... river systems, marshes or extensive, low-disturbance farmland.[10] In the alluvial wetlands of Croatia, 95% of nests were found ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-tailed_eagle

Jack pitched for the San Diego Padres and Houston Astros.[113] Justin pitched for in the Chicago White Sox farm system for six ... Cassel was dragged to the ground and grabbed for his knee immediately upon impact. He attempted to continue playing but called ... Lemming called Cassel a "pro-style pocket passer with a very strong, accurate delivery."[7] In addition to playing quarterback ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Cassel

Katrina was a watershed moment for the school system. Pre-Katrina, NOPS was one of the area's largest systems (along with the ... These estimates are somewhat smaller to a third estimate, based on mail delivery records, from the Greater New Orleans ... "Violence thrives on lack of jobs, wealth of drugs". The Times-Picayune.. Archived November 17, 2015, at the Wayback Machine ... a b c The New Orleans Hurricane Protection System: What Went Wrong and Why. Archived July 2, 2007, at the Wayback Machine ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans,_Louisiana

The presentation captures the IP activity along with the key players in the smart drug delivery system industry. The ... Smart Drug Delivery Systems * 1. Dolcera Corporation Presentation on Smart Drug Delivery Systems ... 2 Miniaturised Drug Delivery System with Wireless Power Transfer and Communication MEMS Sensors and Actuators A drug delivery ... Newer drug delivery systems by Dr. Ashutosh Tiwari 15781 views * Magnetic field control drug delievery by Labeesh kumar rajput ...

https://www.slideshare.net/DolceraItes/smart-drug-deliverysystems

... all while ensuring the highest standards of manufactured product delivery in drug delivery systems. ... About 3M Drug Delivery Systems * Smooth the road toward commercializing your innovation. Take advantage of our more than 50 ... 3M Drug Delivery Systems Services Put our proven track record in pharmaceutical product development and world-class global ... all while ensuring the highest standards of manufactured product delivery in drug delivery systems. ...

https://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/drug-delivery-systems-us/

A self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) is a drug delivery system that uses a microemulsion achieved by chemical ... "Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems in oral (poly)peptide drug delivery". Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 12 (11): 1703-1716. doi: ... "Self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery systems: an update of the biopharmaceutical aspects". Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery. 12: ... Actual applications of Self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) remain rare. The first drug marketed as a SMEDDS ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-microemulsifying_drug_delivery_system

This is a step forward in ensuring controlled, stable, and precise delivery of the drug. It makes it independent of gut factors ... An osmotic oral drug delivery system is one which depends on the mechanics of osmotic pressure variations to regulate the ... Osmotic drug delivery systems have become some of the most preferred novel pharmaceutical delivery systems. The components of ... rather than dumping all the drug at the same time in an uncontrolled fashion. With conventional drug delivery systems, the drug ...

https://www.news-medical.net/health/Osmotic-Pressure-Controlled-Drug-Delivery-Systems.aspx

The INOMAX DSIR is a proprietary drug-delivery system that delivers the drug, INOMAX® (nitric oxide) for inhalation, the only ... It is offered through the INOMAX therapy package, an all-inclusive offering of drug product, drug-delivery system, on-site ... The INOMAX DS and INOMAX DSIR drug-delivery systems are part of a comprehensive offering known as the INOMAX therapy package. ... In addition to use of Ikarias proprietary, FDA-cleared drug-delivery systems, the INOMAX therapy package includes INOMAX ( ...

https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/ikaria-launches-next-generation-drug-delivery-system-119597474.html

No disease-modifying drug exists for osteoarthritis due to poor drug delivery within joints. Engineered biomaterials could ... A cartilage drug delivery system could sufficiently improve the efficacy of a previously failed disease-modifying drug to show ... Underlying the clinical failures of disease-modifying drugs and the shortcomings of approved drugs is inadequate drug delivery ... This article provides an overview of some of the design strategies used in drug delivery systems for joints, and discusses ...

https://www.aiche.org/resources/publications/cep/2018/may/designing-drug-delivery-systems-articular-joints

The drug delivery system of the present invention may be removably secured to the patient allowing the patient to be ambulatory ... The valves and expulsor engage and interact with the tube located on the pressure plate for forcing the drug from the drug ... The reservoir module includes a pressure plate upon which a tube extending from a drug container bag to the patient is ... A system for delivering a drug to a patient according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown as being of ...

http://www.google.ca/patents/US4559038

The reservoir module includes a pressure plate upon which a tube extending from a drug container bag to the patient is ... In another aspect of the present invention, an occlusion detector is provided in the system including a switch on the control ... in the control module engaging and interacting with the tube located on the pressure plate for forcing the drug from the drug ... A system for delivering a drug to a patient according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown as being of ...

http://www.google.com/patents/US4650469?dq=6,704,032

Drug delivery system. [K K Jain;] -- Drug Delivery Systems, Second Edition expands upon the previous edition with current, ... detailed methods and technologies to further study drug delivery. With new chapters on nanobiotechnology ... ... delivery_systems> # Drug Delivery Systems a schema:Intangible ;. schema:name "Drug Delivery Systems"@en ;. . ... delivery_systems> ; # Drug Delivery Systems schema:about ; # Drug delivery systems schema: ...

http://www.worldcat.org/title/drug-delivery-system/oclc/870648021

... a source of a drug, and a pressure source, which selectively pressurizes the ... A drug delivery system including a chamber, which is configured for enclosing or covering at least a surface of a patient, ... drug delivery system 10 is a through-the-surface-tissue drug delivery system that delivers a drug or drugs to a body surface, ... the drug system may be used to administer more than one drug, with a third drug administered using the drug delivery system of ...

http://www.freepatentsonline.com/8048044.html

... is a technology using various chemicals to bind the target drugs, carry them to target organ, tissue or cell where the drug is ... Drug Delivery Systems - Use in Diabetes Management. Different types of drug delivery systems for insulin delivery have been ... Oncology Drug Delivery Systems. Drug delivery in oncology offers a localized, prolonged and protected drug interaction with the ... Drug delivery systems are further divided into two types based on the method of drug release.. Conventional Drug Delivery ...

http://www.medindia.net/patients/patientinfo/drug-delivery-system.htm

... in a carrier composition of a transdermal delivery system prior to the systems use by providing a product packaging system to ... particularly a chiral drug or the active enantiomer(s) thereof, ... providing a child-resistant wrapping for the transdermal system ... A device and method for stabilizing a drug, ... Packaging system for transdermal drug delivery systems. US ... The use of transdermal drug delivery systems or "patches" as a means to topically administer a drug is well known. Such systems ...

http://www.google.com/patents/US20020168401?dq=inventor:%22Arthur+R.+Hair%22

Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Treatment Edited By Hala Gali-Muhtasib. , Racha Chouaib. ... She is a specialist in molecular genetics (RNA field) and has contributed to studies on the role of drug delivery systems in ... Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Treatment: Applications in Targeted Therapy and Personalized Medicine ... improve site-specific drug delivery, and protect nontarget tissues from toxic therapeutic drugs. ...

https://www.routledge.com/Nanoparticle-Drug-Delivery-Systems-for-Cancer-Treatment/Gali-Muhtasib-Chouaib/p/book/9789814800549

Oral route and transdermal drug delivery systems are among the advanced drug delivery systems. ... Different types of drug delivery systems for insulin delivery have been extensively researched recently. ... Drug Delivery System. Drug delivery systems, is a technology using various chemicals to bind the target drugs, carry them to ... Advanced drug delivery systems must overcome these obstacles.. Drug Delivery System Methods Insulin Carrier Systems. A variety ...

https://www.medindia.net/patients/patientinfo/drug-delivery-systems-use-in-diabetes-management.htm?utm_source=medindia&utm_medium=footerwidget&utm_content=&utm_campaign=relatedtopics

Musculoskeletal conditions have been defined by European National Health systems as one of the key themes which should be ... Rojo L. (2018) Combination of Polymeric Supports and Drug Delivery Systems for Osteochondral Regeneration. In: Oliveira J., ... Preparation and characterization of aligned porous PCL/zein scaffolds as drug delivery systems via improved unidirectional ... Biomimetic scaffolds Osteochondral regeneration Cartilage Drug delivery This is a preview of subscription content, log in to ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-76735-2_13

One or more drugs can be incorporated within the reservoir. Additionally other drugs can be coated on the surface of the strut ... The design also ensures that the drug present in the reservoir is released exclusively into the adjacent tissue without getting ... Thus, the design incorporating sequential release of multiple drugs facilitates to tackle the sequential complex biologic ... enclosing the reservoir drug to facilitate sequential release of drugs. ...

http://www.google.co.uk/patents/US20040117005

... nature and ability to incorporate a wide spectrum of biologically active agents have led to the adoption of the system by... ... M. Mezei and V. Gulasekharam, Liposomes: A selective drug delivery system for the topical route of administration, Life Sci., ... Gregoriadis G. (1988) Liposomes as a Drug Delivery System: Optimization Studies. In: Gaber B.P., Schnur J.M., Chapman D. (eds) ... 2 Proposed applications2 for liposome-mediated drug delivery include antimicrobial3 and cancer therapy,4 metal detoxification,5 ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4684-7908-9_12

Controlled Release Systems from Dow Corning. A World Leader in Medical Health Care Expertise & Innovative Solutions ... Our silicone-based solutions for drug delivery systems cover a wide range of technologies:. ... Silicones for Drug Delivery. Transdermal and Topical Solutions. Dow Corning® products and services are well understood in the ... When collaborating with Dow Corning, you will discover that our solutions for drug delivery offer many advantages:. ...

http://www.dowcorning.com/content/healthcare/drugdelivery.asp

A complete review on Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery System which covers all basic points regarding this topics .- authorSTREAM ... NANOPARTICULATE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM : A REVIEW: NANOPARTICULATE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM : A REVIEW 1 By Mr. Satish D. Pawar Email ... Drug loading: should have a high drug-loading capacity. Drug release: Solubility of drug. Desorption of the adsorbed drug. Drug ... Drug Dev Ind Pharm 1998;24: 1113-28. 12) Patil GV. Biopolymer albumin for diagnosis and in drug delivery. Drug Dev Res 2003; 58 ...

http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/aSGuest128957-1355204-satish-ppt/

Drug delivery systems represent an alternative strategy to carrier antineoplastic agents. Many advantages of drug delivery ... liposomes were a suitable delivery system for 5 ALA.. Chen et al. (2012) [123] developed a transdermal drug delivery system for ... clinically relevant improvements in drug delivery. New challenges in developing nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for ... Drug delivery systems are an alternative strategy by which to carry antineoplastic agents. Encapsulated drugs are advantageous ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2015/841817/

SRI has patented a novel approach to vaccine delivery that is safe for pediatric use, eliminating the need for painful ... SRI has patented a transmucosal bioadhesive drug delivery system that uses gels for drug delivery and allows for a much longer ... Needle-Free Transmucosal Drug Delivery System. SRI has patented a novel approach to vaccine delivery that is safe for pediatric ... Transmucosal delivery is an effective means to introduce drugs across the mucous membrane to the systemic circulation, avoiding ...

https://www.sri.com/work/projects/needle-free-transmucosal-drug-delivery-system

... 01.02.2012. Long duration, controllable drug delivery is of wide interest to ... The researchers detailed their novel drug delivery system in the January 16 online edition of the Journal of the American ... "Many researchers are advancing new drug delivery systems, and several others are designing superhydrophobic materials, but ... The system consists of a biocompatible, highly porous, three-dimensional polymer material containing a selected drug and a ...

http://www.innovations-report.com/html/reports/life-sciences/researchers-develop-drug-delivery-system-189562.html

Cipla consistently introduced more than 40 products annually and became the leader in drug delivery systems by expanding ... Developing new drug delivery systems for existing and newer active drug substances, as well as newer medical devices, mainly in ... Strengthening our intellectual property, including the patenting of new products, drug delivery systems and medical devices, ... Leader in Drug Delivery Ciplas Research & Development (R&D) is focused towards developing new products, improving existing ...

https://www.cipla.com/en/r-d/leader-in-drug-delivery.html

Rate-Controlled Drug Delivery: Concept and Development 2nd edition by K. Heilmann (ISBN: 9783135661025) online at Alibris. Our ... Therapeutic Systems: Rate-Controlled Drug Delivery: Concept and Development (2nd edition). by K. Heilmann ... All Editions of Therapeutic Systems: Rate-Controlled Drug Delivery: Concept and Development 1984, Hardcover ...

https://www.alibris.com/search/books/isbn/9783135661025?qwork=6653166

... and type of drug employed may also influence the concentration of drug in the drug delivery system. The water content of the ... The drug delivery systems of the invention and methods of their use have several advantages over the prior art. The systems ... We have invented a drug delivery system for the treatment of glaucoma. The system includes a polymeric hydrogel contact lens ... In addition to anti-glaucoma drugs, other medications may be included in the drug delivery systems of the invention. Examples ...

http://www.google.co.uk/patents/US20020197300

... a major step forward with scientists discovering a concept for fabricating nanomeshes as an effective drug delivery system for ... Nanomeshes could be effective drug delivery system for antibiotics. *Download PDF Copy ... Tags: Antibiotic, Antibiotic Resistance, Bacteria, Drug Delivery, Drugs, E. coli, Gold Nanoparticles, in vitro, Nanoparticles, ... Fuller, M.A, et al. (2019) Nanoparticles in an antibiotic-loaded nanomesh for drug delivery. RSC Advances. doi.org/10.1039/ ...

https://www.news-medical.net/news/20191016/Nanomeshes-could-be-effective-drug-delivery-system-for-antibiotics.aspx

The finding is a biological mechanism for delivery of nanoparticles into tissue. The results are published in this weeks ... Santa Barbara, Calif.) -- -- Scientists at UC Santa Barbara have discovered a potential new drug delivery system. ... Santa Barbara, Calif.) - - Scientists at UC Santa Barbara have discovered a potential new drug delivery system. The finding is ... "We believe this method will lead to better, more efficient delivery of drugs," he said. In this study, the scientists used ...

https://scienceblog.com/24405/ucsb-scientists-discover-potential-drug-delivery-system/

The module may be provided with an electronic scanning system for identifying the first and second drug administration ... The cradle supports first drug administration information in the nature of machine and human readable code, for example, ... The syringe supports second drug administration information in machine and/or human readable form. A scanner module is ... A drug administration system includes a cradle attached about an intravenous injection port having a flange extending therefrom ...

http://www.google.es/patents/US20040082918

A transdermal iontophoretic therapeutic agent delivery system which is provided with a plurality of self-contained serially ... Iontophoretic drug delivery apparatus. US5605536 *. 14 Oct 1993. 25 Feb 1997. Drug Delivery Systems Inc.. Transdermal drug ... Transdermal drug delivery device. US5358483 *. 23 Sep 1992. 25 Oct 1994. Drug Delivery Systems Inc.. Disposable transdermal ... Drug Delivery Systems, Inc.. Transdermal drug applicator and electrodes therefor. US5685837 *. 7 May 1991. 11 Nov 1997. Lts ...

http://www.google.es/patents/US20020188241?dq=flatulence

Solid lipid nanoparticles are lipid-based, ligand-coated nanocarriers that store the target drugs in a hydrophobic or hydrophilic capsule. (medindia.net)
Polymeric nanoparticles have low cytoxicity and can be customized to the needs of patient, enabling the delivery of the medication at a desired concentration to the desired location. (medindia.net)
The most successful routes of delivery of ceramic nanoparticles have been parenteral (intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous) delivery and inhalable drugs. (medindia.net)
The drug is dissolved, entrapped, encapsulated or attached to a Nanoparticles matrix. (authorstream.com)
13 Pharmaceutical aspects : Sterilization of nano particles Aseptic technique Autoclaving or γ -radiation Freeze drying of Nanoparticles Prevention from degradation of polymer Prevention from drug leakage, drug desorption and drug degradation. (authorstream.com)
This research, as a proof of concept, suggests an opportunity for fabricating nanomeshes which contain gold nanoparticles as a drug treatment for antibiotics. (news-medical.net)
2019) Nanoparticles in an antibiotic-loaded nanomesh for drug delivery. (news-medical.net)
The finding is a biological mechanism for delivery of nanoparticles into tissue. (scienceblog.com)
Development of Novel pH-sensitive Nanoparticles Loaded Hydrogel for Transdermal Drug Delivery. (bioportfolio.com)
Recent insights into the development of nucleic acid-based nanoparticles for tumor-targeted drug delivery. (bioportfolio.com)
Colloidal drug vehicles such as micelles, vesicles, liquid crystal dispersions, and nanomaterials consisting of miniscule nanoparticles of 5 - 200 nm diameter have shown great promise as drug delivery systems. (scirp.org)
Conn Hastings received a PhD from the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland for his work in drug delivery, investigating the potential of injectable hydrogels to deliver cells, drugs and nanoparticles in the treatment of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. (medgadget.com)
Superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles embedded in the shell of the liposome release the drug by making the shell leak when heat activated in an AC electromagnetic field operating at radio frequencies. (theengineer.co.uk)
Among these lipid nanoparticles are the nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), formulated with solid and liquid lipids to form imperfect solid lipid core that can accommodate high drug loads. (plos.org)
Application of Nanoparticles as a Drug Delivery System. (igi-global.com)
Their high stability and conveniently easy to freeze-dried their preparations provide some additional advantages to choose Nanoparticles as a good drug delivery system. (igi-global.com)
Inspite of them Nanoparticles were were able to achieve with success tissue targeting of many drugs (antibiotics, cytostatics, peptides and proteins, nucleic acids, etc. (igi-global.com)
1978). Then, to avoid the use of proteins that may stimulate the immune system and to limit the toxicity of the cross-linking agents, nanoparticles made from synthetic polymers were developed. (igi-global.com)
Recently, the application of nanoparticles has been developed to improve the efficiency of drug delivery. (rsc.org)
Example include inorganic, magnetic, polymeric and carbonic nanoparticles that have been developed to improve drug delivery efficiency. (rsc.org)
The transport of drugs using nanoparticles is a very promising technology expected to change the face of medicine. (technion.ac.il)
The delivery system consists of specially designed nanoparticles that home in on tumor cells while carrying the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel. (ucdavis.edu)
The drug delivery system used in this study makes use of nanoparticles called micelles developed by Kit Lam , professor and chair of the UC Davis Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and a co-author of the article. (ucdavis.edu)
Biodegradable nanoparticles for drug and gene delivery to cells and tissue. (patentgenius.com)
Biodegradable nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. (patentgenius.com)
These nanoparticles would be loaded with drugs and targeted to specific parts of the body where there is solely diseased tissue, thereby avoiding interaction with healthy tissue. (wikipedia.org)
Active targeting of drug-loaded nanoparticles enhances the effects of passive targeting to make the nanoparticle more specific to a target site. (wikipedia.org)

The first drug marketed as a SMEDDS was cyclosporin , and it had significantly improved bioavailability compared with the conventional solution. (wikipedia.org)
With conventional drug delivery systems, the drug bioavailability may change quite significantly depending on the properties of the drug, local gastrointestinal factors including the pH and the presence of various other food or non-food substances in the gut, and the presence of other non-drug substances in the formulation. (news-medical.net)
Nanoparticle-based drugs are now widely regarded as a safer, more precise, and more effective mode of cancer therapy, considering their ability to enhance drug bioavailability, improve site-specific drug delivery, and protect nontarget tissues from toxic therapeutic drugs. (routledge.com)
Encapsulated drugs are advantageous due to such properties as high stability, better bioavailability, controlled drug release, a long blood circulation time, selective organ or tissue distribution, a lower total required dose, and minimal toxic side effects. (hindawi.com)
These scalable technologies have even offered localized drug delivery that can further improve bioavailability. (mddionline.com)
Many believe that recent micro and nanotechnology advancements could pave the way for things like increased local administration of drugs, zero-order release kinetics, more efficacious use of existing drugs with great bioavailability, personalized poly-pharmacy, and even on-demand drug delivery. (mddionline.com)
G. L. Amidon, H. Lennernas, V. P. Shah, and J. R. Crison, "A theoretical basis for a biopharmaceutic drug classification: the correlation of in vitro drug product dissolution and in vivo bioavailability," Pharmaceutical Research , vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 413-420, 1995. (hindawi.com)
This method improves the treatment process, as drugs with low solubility can be loaded into fibers, improving their bioavailability while also attaining controlled release. (eurekalert.org)
Lag time is essential for site specific drug delivery to colon requiring the prevention of drug in G.I.T excessive first pass metabolism, drug degrade in gastric acid medium in stomach, which results in bioavailability. (omicsonline.org)
Exploring how to apply in vitro/in vivo correlations for controlled release dosage forms, Bioavailability of Drug Delivery Systems: Mathematical Modeling clearly elucidates this complex phenomena and provides a guide for the respective mathematical modeling. (ebooks.com)
In addition, the effects of developmental factors such as gastrointestinal pH, gastrointestinal motility, gastric emptying times and intestinal transport systems on drug bioavailability have not been systematically studied in children. (sbir.gov)
NDDS enhances the duration of therapeutic activity, increases plasma half-life, decreases the immunogenicity, increases the stability of biopharmaceuticals, improves the solubility of low molecular weight drugs so does the bioavailability, and has a potential of targeted drug delivery. (intechopen.com)
The major problem in oral drug formulations is low and erratic bioavailability, which mainly results from poor aqueous solubility, thereby pose problems in their formulation. (isciii.es)
Successful oral delivery of drugs has always remained a challenge to the drug delivery field, since approximately 40% of the new drug candidates have poor water solubility, and thus oral delivery is frequently associated with implications of low bioavailability. (isciii.es)
Many approaches have been meticulously explored to improve the oral bioavailability of such drugs including particle size reduction (micronization or nanosizing), complexation with cyclodextrins, salt formation, solubilization based on cosolvents, surfactants, etc. (isciii.es)
The NLCs exhibit good physical stability, prolonged protection of drug load, improved drug bioavailability [ 8 ]. (plos.org)
Furthermore, pulmonary delivery offers improved bioavailability, biocompatibility and distribution of drugs to lung sites ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
This idea means that if you are able to disperse your drug in a water soluble matrix such as a polymer, then you can improve the dissolution profile and improve the bioavailability of the drug. (nanowerk.com)
Nanocarriers improve the bioavailability and therapeutic efficiency of antitumor drugs, while providing preferential accumulation at the target site. (dovepress.com)

It is released at constant levels maintaining safe levels in a sustained manner and the compliance with the therapeutic level achieves a reduction in adverse effects due to the drug. (news-medical.net)
Moreover, articular cartilage, which is often the therapeutic target of disease-modifying drugs, presents a formidable biological barrier to drug delivery. (aiche.org)
Diffusion through cartilage is slower than the clearance rate of the joint, so free drug in the joint space is typically cleared before it can penetrate the depth of cartilage at a therapeutic concentration. (aiche.org)
Even modest improvements in intra-articular penetration and half-life could have a considerable impact on therapeutic drug exposure time between injections ( Figure 2 ). (aiche.org)
Improved drug delivery would extend the residence time of intra-articular drug therapies in joints, which would markedly increase the total time at therapeutic dose over the course of treatment. (aiche.org)
Rev. Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems , 3:123 (1987). (springer.com)
The sustained and enhanced release of therapeutic and preventive treatments enabled by SRI's bioadhesive drug delivery platform can significantly improve effectiveness and outcomes. (sri.com)
A transdermal iontophoretic therapeutic agent delivery system which is provided with a plurality of self-contained serially connected galvanic sources. (google.es)
6 . A method as in claim 4 comprising the further step of connecting a pair of said galvanic power sources in opposed polar relation and in parallel with a resistor device such that iontophoretic delivery current flows to deliver said therapeutic agent only after said source of lower columbic capacity is depleted. (google.es)
The Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Delivery Systems MSc has been designed to develop your understanding of how drug delivery systems are constructed for specific deployment and controlled release of therapeutic agents. (londonmet.ac.uk)
The encapsulation of therapeutic compounds into nanosized delivery vectors has become an important strategy to improve efficiency and reduce side-effects in drug delivery applications. (bioportfolio.com)
Albany, NY 01/17/2019 Drug delivery includes formulations, technologies, methods, and systems for transferring an active pharmaceutical ingredients into the body to safely provide therapeutic effect. (pharmacychoice.com)
While exosomes have been actively studied as novel therapeutic vehicles for intracellular drug delivery, the controllable loading of therapeutic cargo proteins as free forms in the exosomal lumen has remained a technical hurdle. (prnewswire.com)
Unilife has also granted Amgen non-exclusive rights to all proprietary Unilife delivery systems within the therapeutic areas of oncology, inflammation, bone health, nephrology, cardiovascular and neuroscience. (fiercebiotech.com)
Drug delivery is the method or process of administering a pharmaceutical compound to achieve a therapeutic effect in humans. (openpr.com)
Nanomedicine and nano delivery systems, although relatively recent but fast-developing technology is one where nanoscale materials are used to function as diagnostic tools or to deliver therapeutic agents to specifically targeted sites in a controlled manner. (intechopen.com)
Drug delivery is the method or process of administering a pharmaceutical compound to achieve a therapeutic effect in humans or animals and as a result it improves drug efficacy by controlling rate and time of release of drug. (bccresearch.com)
This is primarily due to the high prevalence of diabetes across the globe and the greater availability of electronic drug delivery devices, such as insulin pumps and injection pens, for diabetes in comparison to other therapeutic areas. (marketsandmarkets.com)
Thus, mucoadhesive dosage forms are advantageous in increasing the drug plasma concentrations and also therapeutic activity. (nih.gov)
The aim of the novel drug delivery system (NDDS) is to provide a therapeutic amount of drug to the target site to maintain the desired drug concentration. (intechopen.com)
For the therapeutic delivery of lipophilic active moieties (BCS class II drugs), lipid based formulations are inviting increasing attention. (isciii.es)
The information was then carefully analyzed, highlighting the most important results in the formulation and development of self-micro emulsifying drug delivery systems as well as its therapeutic activity. (isciii.es)
In addition, most anticancer drugs are administered orally and their therapeutic concentrations in blood are governed by the efficiency of gastrointestinal tract absorption. (plos.org)
Oral drugs administrations often need high doses to achieve therapeutic concentrations in blood. (plos.org)
Many chemotherapeutics are poorly water-soluble, making it difficult to achieve the desired systemic drug concentration for therapeutic efficaciousness [ 4 ]. (plos.org)
Although these data cannot be directly transferred to inhaled therapeutic NPs, before practical application, different in vitro and in vivo methods should be used in preclinical research and clinical trials to systematically detect the interaction between nanomedicines and various components of the respiratory system. (spandidos-publications.com)
The therapeutic agent is delivered intravenously to the cardiovascular tissue, but because of its short half-life the drug is quickly eliminated from the blood plasma the success of this treatment has been limited. (nanowerk.com)
Localized diseases are often treated with the systemic administration of therapeutic agents, thereby exposing the entire patient's body to these powerful drugs. (springer.com)
The creation of a drug delivery system or device that can release a therapeutic level of drug in the local area of injury over a prolonged period of time could liberate patients from the systemic effects of intravenous treatment, lessen the hospital burden, and increase the effectiveness of treatment. (springer.com)
The system is based on a method that delivers a certain amount of a therapeutic agent for a prolonged period of time to a targeted diseased area within the body. (wikipedia.org)
For most therapeutic agents, only a small portion of the medication reaches the organ to be affected, such as in chemotherapy where roughly 99% of the drugs administered do not reach the tumor site. (wikipedia.org)
Increasing developments to novel treatments requires a controlled microenvironment that is accomplished only through the implementation of therapeutic agents whose side-effects can be avoided with targeted drug delivery. (wikipedia.org)

Such systems dissolve or disperse the drug into a carrier composition, such as a polymeric and/or pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, from which the drug is delivered. (google.com)
Conventional transdermal systems that incorporate solid or crystalline forms of drugs require that such drugs be dissolved in the polymeric and/or pressure-sensitive adhesive composition in order to deliver a therapeutically effective amount. (google.com)
1 . A drug delivery system comprising a polymeric hydrogel contact lens comprising a beta adrenergic receptor antagonist, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, at a concentration of between about 0.25% and 0.000005% by weight absorbed in said contact lens, wherein said beta adrenergic receptor antagonist is capable of being delivered into ocular fluid. (google.co.uk)
3 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein said polymeric hydrogel contact lens has a water content of between about 10-90% by weight. (google.co.uk)
4 . The drug delivery system of claim 1 , wherein said polymeric hydrogel contact lens comprises a tetrapolymer of hydroxymethylmethacrylate, ethylene glycol, dimethylmethacrylate, and methacrylic acid. (google.co.uk)
Dr. Jose Manuel Cornejo Bravo demonstrates the use of electrospun polymeric nanofibers as an interesting method for drug delivery systems application. (eurekalert.org)
Electrospun polymeric nanofibers offer a high surface-to-volume ratio which can greatly improve some processes such as cell binding and proliferation, drug loading, and mass transfer processes. (eurekalert.org)
Used altogether in such synergy, electrospun polymeric nanofibers proved to be much more advantageous over other drug delivery systems. (eurekalert.org)
Stimulus-Responsive Polymeric Nanogels as Smart Drug Delivery Systems. (bioportfolio.com)
This review will lay out the evidence that polymeric nanogels have an important role to play in the design of innovative drug delivery vehicles that respond to internal and external stimuli such as temperature, pH, redox, and light. (bioportfolio.com)
RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as paclitaxel-loaded polymeric micelle and carboplatin, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or. (bioportfolio.com)
Worked examples in every chapter help readers better understand the ins and outs of designing successful polymeric drug delivery systems. (researchandmarkets.com)
Based on delivery systems type the global drug delivery systems market is segmented into intrauterine implants, prodrug implants, polymeric drug delivery, and targeted drug delivery. (bccresearch.com)
One emerging and promising technique is to use biodegradable polymeric micelle drug delivery system. (nova.edu)
The long-term objective is to achieve enhanced and targeted delivery of siRNA to cells using the proposed polymeric micelle system. (nova.edu)
These are usually prepared either by using biodegradable or non-biodegradable polymers and are usually classified in two broad categories: (1) Nanocapsules: a type of reservoir system in which an oil or aqueous core is surrounded by a polymeric membrane. (igi-global.com)
Haag R. "Supramolecular drug-delivery systems based on polymeric core-shell architectures. (patentgenius.com)

hence, most drugs are lost to systemic circulation (9) . (aiche.org)
However, upon injection into the fluid-filled joint capsule encased in the synovial membrane (or synovium), the drug is typically lost to systemic circulation within a matter of hours to days. (aiche.org)
Transmucosal delivery is an effective means to introduce drugs across the mucous membrane to the systemic circulation, avoiding the gastrointestinal tract and "first pass liver metabolism," which can result in only a small proportion of a drug reaching the desired targets in the body. (sri.com)
Implantable drug-delivery systems deliver pharmaceutics locally, targeting the tissue/organ [and] minimizing the side effects of systemic delivery. (mddionline.com)
The research showed that the pulsed microjet system could be used to effectively deliver drugs for local and systemic applications without using needles. (medgadget.com)
Applying topical products to the skin can do 3 things-the product can act locally, pass into the systemic circulation, or do both, either unintentionally as an adverse reaction or intentionally as a transdermal drug delivery system (TDS). (pharmacytimes.com)
Systems that intentionally allow drugs to enter systemic circulation have grown in popularity since the FDA approved the first TDS (scopolamine for motion sickness in 1979). (pharmacytimes.com)
Zeteo's latest innovative delivery device technology provides pharmaceutical and biotech companies developing drugs, peptides, proteins, antibodies and vaccines with precise and effective non-invasive systemic delivery via the nasal route. (pr.com)
Nasal delivery of vaccines and biomedical countermeasures, such as anti-virals or mono-clonal antibodies, provides rapid systemic uptake into the body. (pr.com)
However, advanced drug delivery, systemic distribution and long-term silencing of genes are necessary before gene therapy can enter the clinical phase and eventually benefit patients. (nova.edu)
Existing pharmacologic treatments, however, often rely on systemic drug administration, which result in broad drug distribution and consequent increased risk for toxicity. (mit.edu)
In collaboration with Children's National Health System, the Bioengineering group at the University of Maryland, led by Dr. Ben Shapiro, has developed a topical non-invasive middle-ear therapy delivery system that does not require systemic antibiotic administration, surgery, tympanic membrane puncture, or anesthesia. (childrensnational.org)
The thin barrier and high permeability of this membrane make the lungs an optimal site for systemic and local delivery of drugs. (spandidos-publications.com)
These systemic treatments often require constant monitoring of drug levels during an expensive and extended hospital stay. (springer.com)
In some cases, low concentrations of drug are delivered to the site of disease in stark contrast to the high systemic levels experienced by the patient. (springer.com)
In traditional drug delivery systems such as oral ingestion or intravascular injection, the medication is distributed throughout the body through the systemic blood circulation. (wikipedia.org)

Various types of formulations, approaches, technologies and systems are used to transport a drug to a specific part of the body. (medindia.net)
Controlled drug release and subsequent biodegradation are also indispensable for developing successful formulations. (scirp.org)
Today, many drugs are commercially available as TDS formulations. (pharmacytimes.com)
Various techniques like nanotechnology play substantial role in advancing drug formulations, targeting, efficient release and delivery with immense success. (intechopen.com)
The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and participating Institutes within the National Institutes of Health (NIH) encourage small business STTR grant applications to address different and complementary research needs for the development of appropriate pediatric drug formulations in different age groups. (sbir.gov)
The goal of this FOA is to complement and accelerate the development of appropriate pediatric drugs formulations and drug delivery systems. (sbir.gov)
The lack of appropriate pediatric formulations has been identified as a major obstacle for the study and use of drugs in children. (sbir.gov)
The production of formulations may be limited by the solubility and stability of drugs requiring taste-masking agents, preservatives and solubility of excipients. (sbir.gov)
Low water-solubility and lack of selectivity of drugs are now being addressed via several means, including conversion to prodrugs, complexation of drugs with soluble carriers, and the use of surfactants and co-solvents in the formulations [ 7 ]. (plos.org)
Roche has teamed up with PureTech to take advantage of its milk-derived exosome platform to potentially create oral formulations of antisense drugs. (outsourcing-pharma.com)

Ideally, the drug delivery vehicle must be non-toxic, non-immunogenic, biocompatible and biodegradable. (medindia.net)
Biodegradable particles are commonly used for drugs delivered to cardiac tissue. (medindia.net)
Scientists from IBM and Singapore's Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (IBN) published a breakthrough drug-delivery technique, demonstrating the first biodegradable, biocompatible and non-toxic hydrogel that can deliver treatment more efficiently to people fighting breast cancer. (eweek.com)
Liposomes, albumin microspheres, soluble synthetic polymers, DNA complexes, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes among others have been employed as biodegradable drug carriers. (bioportfolio.com)
Polysciences has partnered with innovative companies both large and small in the development of biodegradable polymers and microparticles for medical device and drug delivery applications. (polysciences.com)
In this thesis, biocompatible, biodegradable materials such as poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic) (PLGA) were used to prepare delivery systems. (rice.edu)
Biodegradable microspheres for protein delivery. (patentgenius.com)

Osmotic drug delivery systems have become some of the most preferred novel pharmaceutical delivery systems. (news-medical.net)
Authoritative and practical, Drug Delivery Systems, Second Edition will be useful for pharmaceutical scientists as well as well as physicians both in the academic institutions and in the industry. (worldcat.org)
The current state of electrospun nanofiber-based DDS is focused on drug-loaded nanofiber preparation from pharmaceutical and biode-gradable polymers and different types of DDS. (scirp.org)
For example, delivery of drugs to the target site in cardiovascular diseases can use the pharmaceutical drugs effectively and also reduce the cost of the treatment significantly. (medindia.net)
More specifically, the present invention relates to a packaging system for the prevention of degradation in pharmaceutical products, particularly controlled release drug delivery devices such as transdermal systems. (google.com)
On the Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Delivery Systems MSc course, you'll learn about the methods used to develop the drug delivery systems that are deployed to specifically targeted areas of the body with minimal side effects. (londonmet.ac.uk)
Stimuli-sensitive drug delivery systems show beneficial features of both medical and pharmaceutical fields. (bioportfolio.com)
The AquilaMD™ delivery system is designed to overcome the challenges of self-administering eyedrops for patients while providing pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical ophthalmic drug manufacturers with a novel cost competitive drug/device combination product development option for new or existing ophthalmic drug compounds. (pr.com)
Drawing from the latest advances in pharmaceutical science and polymer engineering, this text explains the role of polymers in the rational design and application of drug delivery systems that increase the efficacy and reduce the toxicity of therapeutics. (researchandmarkets.com)
With its systematic and logical approach, Engineering Polymer Systems for Improved Drug Delivery is recommended both as a textbook for courses in pharmaceutical science and drug delivery as well as a reference for professionals in drug delivery. (researchandmarkets.com)
It is hoped that Collabody will be more effective in treating cancers than current approaches, enabling protein drugs to gradually become more commonly produced by the pharmaceutical community. (medgadget.com)
In spite of several advantages, pharmaceutical companies are hesitant to commit to more in drug discovery and drug delivery systems based on natural compounds due to concerns associated with biocompatibility, toxicity, large size and targeted delivery, etc., and many natural compounds not even clearing the clinical trial phases [ 4 , 5 ]. (intechopen.com)
The siRNA drug delivery is a new, exciting and yet very challenging area in pharmaceutical research. (nova.edu)
Driven by federal legislation that now requires evaluation of most drugs in children, renewed attention has been focused on the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). (sbir.gov)
A method for the controlled delivery of pharmaceutical drugs has been developed by a team of chemical engineers at the University of Rhode Island (URI). (theengineer.co.uk)
The nanodrug delivery system is the application of nanotechnology in the pharmaceutical field, and has shown development prospects in targeted diagnosis and treatment, delaying drug release, improving drug solubility and availability, reducing drug side effects and overcoming barriers of the human body ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Nanowerk News ) The Drug Delivery & Materials Characterization Group at the University of East Anglia, UK, is internationally recognized for work involving the development of novel thermal, dielectric, rheological and microscopic techniques as analytical tools within the pharmaceutical sciences. (nanowerk.com)
What is the impact of leading-edge innovative developments on the process analytical technology field for pharmaceutical systems and. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
G. Jilsha and Viswanad, V., "Nanosponges: A novel approach of drug delivery system", International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, vol. 19, pp. 119-123, 2013. (amrita.edu)
InnovaSystems is an engineering company that since 1989 has been a leading provider of automated test solutions for pharmaceutical drug delivery systems. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)

Loaded with a widely used anti-cancer drug called SN-38 in in vitro experiments, the polymer mesh and internal air pocket proved to be robust and effective against lung cancer cells in solution for more than 60 days, indicating its suitability for long-term drug delivery. (innovations-report.com)
Discussing time and cost-effective methods as alternatives to conventional in vivo methods, the book helps you analyze and integrate in vitro/in vivo correlations and apply them to patient care and drug consultation situations. (ebooks.com)
The drug loading efficiency, drug stability and in vitro evaluation of the micelle delivery system will be studied using liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, UV, HPLC and dissolution testing. (nova.edu)

A drug can be incorporated into a hydrogel and the drug is released at a low rate and takes action almost immediately. (medindia.net)
IBM Research helps to create a new hydrogel that acts as a drug delivery depot that reduces tumor size in fewer treatments than other approaches. (eweek.com)
Stimulus-Responsive Hydrogel for Ophthalmic Drug Delivery. (bioportfolio.com)
The researchers reported the natural inflammatory response when a foreign substance like a hydrogel is introduced into a system and draws cells that secrete proteins involved in cellular infiltration, scaffold degradation, vascularization and innervation. (eurekalert.org)

That is, by an intrinsic property of the drug formulation, rather than by special mixing and handling. (wikipedia.org)
Fortunately, advanced formulation techniques for intra-articular injection using engineered biomaterials show promise in overcoming these delivery challenges. (aiche.org)
A third underlying front involves the advances in materials science especially bioresorbable polymers and hydrogels where the properties can be tuned with new chemistries for better formulation with drugs and processed in unique ways, including 3D printing with minimal loss in potency of the small molecule or biologic therapeutics. (mddionline.com)
With the huge advances that have been made in the formulation of drug delivery systems, the opportunity now exists for you to solve future delivery problems of new chemical entities. (londonmet.ac.uk)
Cyclodextrin solubilization of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor drugs: formulation of dorzolamide eye drop microparticle suspension," European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics , vol. 76, no. 2, pp. 208-214, 2010. (hindawi.com)
The nano self-assembled DSPE-PEG micelle delivery system of siRNA will be prepared and characterized in terms of particle size, size distribution, formulation stability and surface morphology using quasi-elastic light scattering particle sizer, differential scanning calorimetry and cryo scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (nova.edu)
Possessing the right formulation and drug delivery strategy is the foundation of successful drug development. (internano.org)
The event brings together truly innovative thinkers who are leading the way through trialing new disruptive solutions and rethinking the conventional formulation and delivery mind-set. (internano.org)
Pharmaceutica 2017 will help you to better understand how to develop the right formulation and delivery strategy with a strong scientific, clinical and commercial mind set and how innovative scientific techniques, emerging technologies and innovative devices can transform formulation and drug delivery. (internano.org)
Formulation and biopharmaceutical issues in the development of drug delivery systems for antiparasitic drugs. (patentgenius.com)

Drug delivery systems in diabetes management is one of the recent advances to minimize the side effects, dosage and frequency of the drug intake. (medindia.net)
Within the realm of drug delivery, advances in nanotechnologies have consistently improved patient outcomes by enabling sustained drug delivery to help treat chronic conditions. (mddionline.com)
Advances in bio-microelectromechanical systems (BioMEMS) and biosensors have led to several miniaturized medical devices and drug-delivery systems including microfluidics and lab-on-chip diagnostic devices, diagnostic wearables, miniaturized robotics, and implants with closed-loop drug delivery systems. (mddionline.com)
Advances in the micro and nano particle technologies have led to numerous injectable drug delivery systems. (mddionline.com)
Injectable microparticle systems or gels that can become long-acting drug-delivery depots have provided significant advances in the treatment of various conditions including pain and schizophrenia. (mddionline.com)
It is the convergence of the pharmacologic need for alternate routes of administration for the new therapeutics combined with the advances in engineering solutions that is driving the development of next-generation implantable drug-delivery systems. (mddionline.com)
The advances and the impact of nanostructured systems on therapeutics constitute a constantly evolving reality. (bioportfolio.com)
Recent advances in chronotherapeutics led to the development of pulsatile drug delivery systems which effectively delivered the drug at specified time. (omicsonline.org)
This review article emphasizes on these advances in the field of drug delivery systems. (scirp.org)
P. D. Reddy and D. Swarnalatha, "Recent Advances in Novel Drug Delivery Systems," International Journal of PharmTech Research, Vol. 2, No. 3, 2010, pp. 2025- 2027. (scirp.org)
Other advances such as battery life, Bluetooth and smartphone APPs enable Balda to combine electro-mechanical and communication technologies for patients to increase their adherence via smart drug delivery systems, and improve their health. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
Many transdermal drug delivery systems require the use of adhesives, and current TDD technology advances suggest a bright future for this segment of the medical market. (adhesivesmag.com)
Current advances in nanotechnology present opportunities to overcome mentioned limitations by using nanotechnology and designing nanomaterial improving delivering active drug candidates. (rsc.org)
aims to bring together leading academic scientists, researchers and research scholars to exchange and share their experiences and research results on all aspects of Recent Advances in Mucosal Drug Delivery Systems. (waset.org)
Also, high quality research contributions describing original and unpublished results of conceptual, constructive, empirical, experimental, or theoretical work in all areas of Recent Advances in Mucosal Drug Delivery Systems are cordially invited for presentation at the conference. (waset.org)
ICRAMDDS 2020 has teamed up with the Special Journal Issue on Recent Advances in Mucosal Drug Delivery Systems . (waset.org)
Advances in understanding of the cell biology of the BBB have opened new avenues and possibilities for improved drug delivery to the CNS. (mdtmag.com)
Advances in the field of targeted drug delivery to cardiac tissue will be an integral component to regenerate cardiac tissue. (wikipedia.org)

Treatment for tuberculosis with liposomes as the delivery vehicles has been more effective than conventional chemotherapy. (medindia.net)
The great structural versatility of liposomes, their relatively inoccuous nature and ability to incorporate a wide spectrum of biologically active agents have led to the adoption of the system by numerous workers as a drug carrier. (springer.com)
G. Gregoriadis (Ed.) "Liposomes as Drug Carriers: Recent Trends and Progress", John Wiley and Sons, Chichester (1988). (springer.com)
Liposomes in Biological Systems", G. Gregoriadis, ed. (springer.com)
M. Mezei and V. Gulasekharam, Liposomes: A selective drug delivery system for the topical route of administration, Life Sci. (springer.com)
The team began with the knowledge that small, membrane-bound compartments, called liposomes, are useful as drug-delivery vehicles. (huliq.com)
According to URI professor Geoffrey Bothun, liposomes are spherical structures made of lipids that can trap different drug molecules inside them for use in delivering those drugs to targeted locations in the body. (theengineer.co.uk)
Targeted and sustained drug delivery using PEGylated galatosylated liposomes. (patentgenius.com)

this may lower cost, and does lower the stomach irritation and toxicity of drugs taken by mouth. (wikipedia.org)
Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, decrease drug metabolism, and reduce drug toxicity. (bioportfolio.com)
The cyto-toxicity of the siRNA loaded micelle delivery system on targeted cells will be monitored by MTT assay. (nova.edu)
Drugs in carriers administered parenterally, especially via venous route, would exhibit more predictable pharmacokinetics while reducing the toxicity often associated with the use of free drugs and gastrointestinal applications [ 7 ]. (plos.org)
Phase I of this project focused on showing that we could magnetically deliver drugs to the middle ear without ear drum puncture (aim 1) and that the treatment was safe (no toxicity or hearing damage, aim 2). (childrensnational.org)
This packaging directs the drug mainly to the cancer cells, thereby greatly reducing the exposure of other organs to the drug, and significantly reducing toxicity. (technion.ac.il)
Preservatives and other inactive ingredients in generic drugs have been shown in a number of studies to deliver variable toxicity to the ocular surface," he wrote. (fiercepharma.com)
As the new ocular drug delivery systems are approved, "We will feel more confident that the patient is actually receiving the drug we choose, and the cost to the system will likely decrease rather than increase, as we will see fewer long- and short-term complications that result from patient compliance and ocular surface toxicity. (fiercepharma.com)
A team of UC Davis scientists has shown in experimental mouse models that a new drug delivery system allows for administration of three times the maximum tolerated dose of a standard drug therapy for advanced bladder cancer, leading to more effective cancer control without increasing toxicity. (ucdavis.edu)

The osmotic drug delivery system has many benefits. (news-medical.net)

MEMS based drug delivery systems provide enhanced drug therapy which allows accurate dosing with more efficacy and effectiveness. (slideshare.net)
The efficacy of this type of system and its applicability to a wide variety of drugs has led to patents being issued for several hundred of such drug systems. (news-medical.net)
Even approved drugs in this category, such as corticosteroids and hyaluronic acid suspensions, are subject to debate with respect to their safety and/or efficacy (3-5) . (aiche.org)
Drug delivery methods have significant effects on the pharmacological efficacy of a drug. (scirp.org)
This study will evaluate the efficacy of an advice with a weekly divided drug delivery, compared to an usual monthly delivery in the prevention of voluntary drug intoxications repeated. (bioportfolio.com)
It provides a review of the numerous nano-based drug delivery systems that enhance the efficacy of new and old drugs. (intechopen.com)
The efficacy of the delivery system was also demonstrated in vivo using cancer models in mice developed by the Spanish group using tumor biopsies of pediatric patients. (technion.ac.il)
This means that the efficacy of the drug increases while healthy tissues are not affected, thus avoiding the various side effects of many chemotherapies. (technion.ac.il)
Targeted delivery is believed to improve efficacy while reducing side-effects. (wikipedia.org)

Currently, many anticancer drugs demonstrate poor specificity for cancer cells, meaning that they negatively affect many non-cancerous cells in the body, leading to dose-limitation and off-target effects. (medgadget.com)
The present review is divided into three main parts: first part presents introduction of various nanocarriers and their relevance in the delivery of anticancer drugs, second part encompasses targeting mechanisms and surface functionalization on nanocarriers and third part covers the description of selected tumors, including breast, lungs, colorectal and pancreatic tumors, and applications of relative nanocarriers in these tumors. (dovepress.com)

The osmotically active agent - The osmotic agents used for these drug delivery systems are ionic in nature, being composed of carbohydrates, salts of inorganic or organic acids, or hydrophilic polymers. (news-medical.net)
Along with the drugs used, the electrospinning techniques used for each system as well as polymers used as matrices for nanofiber preparation were also pertinent to the research. (eurekalert.org)
Each drug was tested using different combinations of electrospinning techniques and polymers suited best for the drug delivery system. (eurekalert.org)
The transporter is made up of polymer micelles, nanostructures created by the self-assembly of polymers in water and considered to be an excellent method for transporting drugs, in part due to their tiny size (10 to 300 nanometers). (technion.ac.il)

The global drug delivery systems market accounted to US$ 1,243.1 Bn in 2018 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 7.2% during the forecast period 2019 - 2027, to account to US$ 2,302.2 Bn by 2027. (openpr.com)
In 2018, the oral drug delivery segment held a largest market share of 50.2% of the drug delivery systems market, by route of administration. (openpr.com)
The electronic wearable infusion pumps segment accounted for the largest share of the electronic drug delivery systems market in 2018. (marketsandmarkets.com)
In 2018, North America dominated the electronic drug delivery systems market, followed by Europe. (marketsandmarkets.com)
2018. "Implementation of Industrial Additive Manufacturing: Intelligent Implants and Drug Delivery Systems. (mdpi.com)

How Can Nanotechnologies Aid Implantable Drug-Delivery Systems? (mddionline.com)
An industry expert shares how emerging micro and nanotechnologies could shape the next generation of implantable drug-delivery systems. (mddionline.com)
He'll be speaking at the BIOMEDevice conference in San Jose in the December 6 talk, " Micro/Nano Technologies for Implantable Drug Delivery Systems . (mddionline.com)
For starters, can you talk a little about some of the recent advancements within the realm of micro and nanotechnologies that could potentially set the stage for next-gen implantable drug delivery systems? (mddionline.com)
Implantable drug-delivery systems (IDDS) are playing a key role in the treatment and management of several chronic conditions including diabetes, oncology, ocular disorders, cardiovascular conditions, and women's health. (mddionline.com)
Ultimately, implantable drug-delivery devices with precision-medicine approaches will improve the management of patient health, increase survival rates, and lower healthcare costs. (mddionline.com)
We report the development of an implantable, remotely controllable, miniaturized neural drug delivery system permitting dynamic adjustment of therapy with pinpoint spatial accuracy. (mit.edu)
His lab develops these implantable systems for controlled drug delivery to treat chronic diseases over extended periods of time. (phys.org)

Difference of pH that exists between the skin surface and blood circulation can be exploited for transdermal delivery of drug molecules by loading drug into pH-sensitive polymer. (bioportfolio.com)
This approach "integrates the advantages of small molecules and antibodies," said Cheng, who helped pioneer the use of aptamers as targeting molecules for drug delivery. (huliq.com)
The Collabody system enhances the crosslinking activity of anticancer protein drugs with target molecules on the surface of cancer cells, helping to increase protein drug specificity and reduce the interaction of the drug with non-cancerous cells. (medgadget.com)
Not only does it bind to cancer cells, but it also targets molecules involved in the immune system. (medgadget.com)
Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems interact with the mucus layer covering the mucosal epithelial surface, and mucin molecules and increase the residence time of the dosage form at the site of absorption. (nih.gov)
Several carrier or transport systems, enzymes, and receptors that control the penetration of molecules have been identified in the BBB endothelium. (mdtmag.com)
They made this discovery while investigating how the drug molecules in solution travel through a nanochannel drug-delivery system developed by Alessandro Grattoni, Ph.D., chairman of the Department of Nanomedicine at the Houston Methodist Research Institute. (phys.org)
They found this by studying channels so small that they are comparable in size to the drug molecules . (phys.org)

The mucous membrane of the nasal cavity is most frequently used for delivery of antigens and medications for localized infections. (sri.com)
Austin, TX, May 14, 2020 --( PR.com )-- Zeteo Biomedical LLC announced today the availability of ZEOx1 Orion™ nasal drug and biologic delivery systems. (pr.com)
Orion nasal device configurations include the OrionSD™ single use disposable device for vaccine and rescue applications and the OrionSR™ reloadable device for multi-dose drug delivery applications. (pr.com)
Most nasal sprays don't propel drugs anywhere close to these spots, deep in the skull-the only place in the body where primary neurons are exposed to the outside environment, Hoekman says. (xconomy.com)
That way, patients who need the powerful pain drug Fentanyl, for instance, could take a nasal spray that delivers the drug to the brain and reduces pain within five minutes, without going through the bloodstream and causing side effects, namely severe constipation. (xconomy.com)

To better understand some of these potential outcomes, MD+DI checked in with Murty Vyakarnam, PhD, an innovator in medical devices, drug-device combination products, and biomaterials. (mddionline.com)
K.-O. Kim, B.-S. Kim and I.-S. Kim, "Self-Ssembled Core-Shell Poly(EthyleneGlycol)-POSS Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery," Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology, Vol. 2, No. 3, 2011, pp. 201-206. (scirp.org)
Mice with induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure that were given apelin through the new delivery system showed significant improvement, said Jayakumar Rajadas, PhD, founder and director of the school s Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory. (nanowerk.com)
A paper describing the findings was published online Oct. 13 in Biomaterials ( '[Pyr1]-Apelin-13 delivery via nano-liposomal encapsulation attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction' ). (nanowerk.com)

Key players introduce new drugs delivery systems and devices in developed markets such a North America and Western Europe. (pharmacychoice.com)
North America and Europe are projected to dominate the global drug and gene delivery systems market in the next few years, owing to increase in manufacturers' focus on business expansion in these regions. (sbwire.com)
Players are continuously developing advanced drugs as well as delivery systems for drugs and genes and entering into distribution agreements to strengthen their foothold in the market in North America and Europe. (sbwire.com)

Injectable nanoparticle-based drug delivery with tissue targeting is providing many promising solutions in tumor treatment and continues to be a very active area of research. (mddionline.com)
For cancer drug developers, finding an agent that kills tumor cells is only part of the equation. (huliq.com)
The tumor microenvironment(TME)-responsive intelligent drug delivery systems are still the. (bioportfolio.com)
Both drug delivery systems showed anti-mammary gland tumor properties. (plos.org)
It is particularly relevant for transferring anti-cancer drugs into the tumor. (technion.ac.il)
The system - which slows tumor growth and prolongs life expectancy in mice by 42% - was developed by Prof. Alejandro Sosnik of the Department of Materials Science and Engineering together with graduate student Alex Bukchin and conducted in collaboration with the research group of Dr. Angel Carcaboso from the Hospital Sant Joan de Deu-Barcelona. (technion.ac.il)
The delivery system significantly improved the accumulation of the drug into the tumor environment. (technion.ac.il)
In both the lab and animal experiments (unlike the conventional administration of this drug by swallowing) the injection of Dasatinib using the new delivery system leads to its accumulation mainly in the tumor. (technion.ac.il)
Mice receiving the standard dosage had significantly less tumor growth and longer overall survival compared to control mice who received a saline solution instead of drug therapy. (ucdavis.edu)

Nanocarriers have been used to circumvent the problems associated with conventional antitumor drug delivery systems, including their nonspecificity, severe side effects, burst release and damaging the normal cells. (dovepress.com)

This, in turn, determines its solubility, the osmotic pressure exerted by the core components, the size of the orifice through which delivery occurs, and the type of semipermeable membrane used. (news-medical.net)
These are polymer based delivery vehicles used to transport and deliver drugs that have poor solubility. (medindia.net)
Drug release: Solubility of drug. (authorstream.com)
The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS), the scientific framework for classifying drug substances based on their intestinal permeability and solubility/dissolution rates, is widely used to assure bioequivalence of drug products in adults. (sbir.gov)

The concept of drug delivery is precisely integrated with the dosage of a drug and route of administration. (medindia.net)
e) providing a dosage rating for said agent delivery device based on the tested average power capacities of tested lots from which said plurality of galvanic power sources are taken. (google.es)
Pulsatile drug delivery systems deliver the drug at right time in desired levels providing the multiple benefits over the conventional dosage forms. (omicsonline.org)
The acquisition is aimed at the acquisition of a hospital drugstore for the east savo hospital district, which includes a machine-powered dosage dispenser, a system for controlling the dose dispenser, a system for ordering and recording patient-specific drugs, and maintenance services. (pharmacychoice.com)
They are also able to solve the problem of determining the drug level in plasma as a result of patient non-compliance, incorrect dosage, and incorrect frequency and to determine the best dosage forms necessary for therapy. (ebooks.com)
Drug discovery and dosage forms have become an increasingly time-consuming and expensive process. (ebooks.com)
Drug delivery is a concept heavily integrated with dosage form and route of administration. (bccresearch.com)
Oral route has always been the favorite route of drug administration in many diseases and till today it is the first way investigated in the development of new dosage forms. (isciii.es)
There is particular emphasis on the study of the physical properties of drugs and dosage forms in relation to performance. (nanowerk.com)
Experiments were run on mice receiving different dosages of the drug: the standard dosage currently used for therapy, and another dosage three times that amount. (ucdavis.edu)
The conventional drug delivery system is the absorption of the drug across a biological membrane, whereas the targeted release system releases the drug in a dosage form. (wikipedia.org)

Work hand-in-hand using proven inhalation, transdermal, oral and topical manufacturing expertise from feasibility to market - all while ensuring the highest standards of manufactured product delivery in drug delivery systems. (3m.com)
An osmotic oral drug delivery system is one which depends on the mechanics of osmotic pressure variations to regulate the delivery of the drug or active agent. (news-medical.net)
Oral delivery of insulin can ensure absorption from the intestine and transit directly to the liver, provided it crosses the hazardous stomach pH and escapes proteolysis by enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract. (medindia.net)
Hydrogels can be used as carriers administered through various routes of delivery like oral, buccal, injection, etc. (medindia.net)
Increasingly the discovery of several new poorly soluble drugs and/or biologics have tremendously expanded the need for drug-delivery technologies with alternate routes of administration beyond the traditional oral and parenteral routes. (mddionline.com)
DUBLIN- Medtronic plc today announced the first patient enrolled in the Embrace TDD clinical study that will evaluate the use of the SynchroMed II intrathecal drug delivery system as an alternative to oral opioids for patients with chronic intractable non-malignant primary back pain with or without leg pain. (pharmacychoice.com)
and a work-around delivery system for patients who cannot take oral medications. (pharmacytimes.com)
With the improvements in medical devices and certain transdermal delivery technologies, the non-invasive mode of drug delivery is now ready to compete with traditional methods of oral and injectible routes of drug delivery. (openpr.com)
The global drug delivery systems market by product segments was led by oral drug delivery segment. (openpr.com)
These types of drugs are not available in oral form because of the body's inability to process them. (adhesivesmag.com)
Oral or injection drug administration causes the body to experience sudden bursts of drug levels that taper down as the drug passes through a patient's body. (adhesivesmag.com)
Self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) has gained more attention due to enhanced oral bio-availability enabling reduction in dose, more consistent temporal profiles of drug absorption, selective targeting of drug(s) toward specific absorption window in GIT, and protection of drug(s) from the unreceptive environment in gut. (isciii.es)
La vía oral siempre ha sido la ruta preferida de administración de fármacos en muchas enfermedades y hasta hoy es la primera forma investigada en el desarrollo de nuevas formas de dosificación. (isciii.es)
El sistema de administración de fármacos autoemulsionante (SMEDDS) ha ganado más atención debido a la mejorada que permite la reducción de la biodisponibilidad oral en dosis, los perfiles temporales más consistentes de la absorción del fármaco, la orientación selectiva de fármaco (s) hacia la ventana de absorción específica en el tracto gastrointestinal, y la protección del fármaco (s) desde el entorno poco receptivo en el intestino. (isciii.es)
OraPro oral delivery vaccine platform technology enables oral administration of thermally-stable, viral vector vaccines. (contractpharma.com)

Underlying the clinical failures of disease-modifying drugs and the shortcomings of approved drugs is inadequate drug delivery to target joint tissues (6, 7) . (aiche.org)
The technology involves deep understanding of the physiological barriers to efficient drug delivery like transportation of drugs in the circulatory system, metabolism, reactions of the mucosa and digestive juices and the movement of the drug through cells and tissues. (medindia.net)
Advanced drug delivery systems release the drug in a pre-specified manner to the targeted organ, tissue or cells within the body can help provide localized and prolonged delivery of the drug, without affecting the other organs or tissues. (medindia.net)
Therefore, development of an efficient drug delivery system remains an important challenge in medicine, and this can be achieved only through multidisciplinary approaches to the mechanisms of delivery of drugs to targets in tissues. (scirp.org)
drug loading capacity, and possible modification of the surface for active targeting by attaching ligands that recognize cognate receptors on the target cells or tissues. (bioportfolio.com)
drug accumulation in non-target tissues and minimizes the side effects of the drug. (bioportfolio.com)
Drug delivery devices can potentially be used for drug release in the direct vicinity of target tissues or the selected medication route in a patient-specific manner as required. (mdpi.com)
In conclusion, EPO-TAMNLC is not only a unique drug delivery system because of the dual drug-loading feature, but also potentially highly specific in the targeting of breast cancer tissues positive for ERs and EpoRs. (plos.org)
The technology developed by Prof. Sosnik and his team is intended to prevent this phenomenon by transporting the drug to cancer cells alone, thus maximizing its efficiency without harming healthy tissues. (technion.ac.il)
Targeted drug delivery seeks to concentrate the medication in the tissues of interest while reducing the relative concentration of the medication in the remaining tissues. (wikipedia.org)

For many drugs taken by mouth, faster release rates improve the drug acceptance by consumers. (wikipedia.org)
The drug release follows zero order kinetics following the initial lag phase and the release does not vary with the drug concentration. (news-medical.net)
The biomaterial, with its longer joint residence time, can serve as a controlled release depot for the drug over a much longer timescale than an injection of a free drug ( Figure 3 ). (aiche.org)
It may employ a sustained release drug delivery system or a controlled release technology. (medindia.net)
The technology uses binding chemicals that release drugs at a controlled rate at the targeted location in the body. (medindia.net)
The variety of controlled release systems is due to the chemicals or the binders used, the routes of the administration, the combination of the carrier and the target drug. (medindia.net)
Drug delivery systems are further divided into two types based on the method of drug release. (medindia.net)
These particles can exactly reach the target diseased site and deliver the drug in a controlled release manner. (medindia.net)
Nanostructures can sense the environment of the site of release and deliver the drug to the target site. (medindia.net)
Drug delivery systems and controlled release technology come useful in various treatment procedures. (medindia.net)
The polymer particles dissolve into the target organ in a given environment and release the drug that they carry to the target tissue. (medindia.net)
Additionally other drugs can be coated on the surface of the strut enclosing the reservoir drug to facilitate sequential release of drugs. (google.co.uk)
Thus, the design incorporating sequential release of multiple drugs facilitates to tackle the sequential complex biologic processes involved in renarrowing following stent implantation. (google.co.uk)
Specifically it relates to unique design of drug coating of stent, which offers sequential release of drugs specifically towards tissue interface. (google.co.uk)
Dow Corning ® products and services are well understood in the healthcare industry, and we can help you create optimal delivery systems for the controlled release of active ingredients. (dowcorning.com)
Control & sustain release of the drug. (authorstream.com)
SRI has patented a transmucosal bioadhesive drug delivery system that uses gels for drug delivery and allows for a much longer release time compared to alternatives such as sprays or liquids. (sri.com)
On mixing and application to the physiological site, the two components form an adhesive gel that attaches to the mucosa, creating a platform for drug release. (sri.com)
Qualities of the gel allow for the controlled release of drug substance over hours rather than minutes. (sri.com)
Now a team of researchers led by Boston University Biomedical Engineer and Chemist Mark Grinstaff has developed a unique material and drug delivery mechanism that could pave the way for implants that release a drug at a designated rate for months. (innovations-report.com)
If we can slow the penetration of water into the structure, it will slow the release of the drug. (innovations-report.com)
To prevent water from flooding the structure and causing an immediate release of the drug, Grinstaff and his colleagues designed the air-filled, mesh-like material to be "superhydrophobic"-so water-resistant that droplets of water barely touch the surface, forming beads similar to those that appear on a freshly waxed car. (innovations-report.com)
To control the rate of drug release, they adjusted chemical and physical properties of the material so that the entrapped air is loosely or tightly held. (innovations-report.com)
Working with Dr. Harriet Whiley, a Flinders environmental health scientists, the researchers studied how the release of the drugs affected the growth of E. Coli . (news-medical.net)
Further investigation is needed to determine if other small charged particles affect the release of drugs and how it affects the release over time. (news-medical.net)
Design principles of ocular drug delivery systems: importance of drug payload, release rate, and material properties. (bioportfolio.com)
Perhaps the most important application of electrospinning is drug delivery optimization, which can be achieved by using these materials for the controlled release of active substances ranging from antibiotics and anticancer agents to macromolecules such as proteins and DNA. (eurekalert.org)
The combination provides good release of the drug in use, reduces loss of the drug during a drying step in manufacture, reduces chemical interaction of the layer with the drug and achieves low level of skin irritation. (freepatentsonline.com)
According to the circadian rhythms of the body drug is facilitated to completely release after a lag time especially for drugs eliciting higher first pass effect and where nocturnal dosing is required these systems are highly beneficial. (omicsonline.org)
Drug release profile of pulsatile drug delivery systems. (omicsonline.org)
Nanogels can be designed to be stimulus responsive, and react to internal or external stimuli such as pH, temperature, light and redox, thus resulting in the controlled release of loaded drugs. (bioportfolio.com)
This review aims to provide an introduction to nanogels, their preparation methods,and to discuss the design of various stimulus-responsive nanogels that are able to provide controlled drug release in response to particular stimuli. (bioportfolio.com)
Some important technological advantages of nanotherapeutic drug delivery systems (NDDS) include prolonged half-life, improved bio-distribution, increased circulation time of the drug, controlled and sustained release of the drug, versatility of route of administration, increased intercellular concentration of drug and many more. (openpr.com)
The author has considerable experience in investigating mathematical fundamentals that are related to pharmaco- and toxicokinetics, modified-release drug products, physiologic pharmacokinetics and statistical treatment in clinical situations. (ebooks.com)
The mathematical models he has developed are particularly powerful because they account for such major parameters as the kinetics of drug release controlled by diffusion or by erosion, and the kinetics of absorption into and elimination out of the plasma. (ebooks.com)
We've shown that we can control the rate and extent of the release of a model drug molecule by varying the nanoparticle loading and the magnetic-field strength,' said Bothun. (theengineer.co.uk)
We get a quick release of the drug with magnetic-field heating in a matter of 30 to 40 minutes and without heating there is minimal spontaneous leakage of the drug from the liposome. (theengineer.co.uk)
It works because the leakiness of the shell is ultimately what controls the release of the drugs. (theengineer.co.uk)
We found that prefabricated, photo-crosslinked PPF/PNVP matrices represent suitable, controllable release systems for different drugs. (rice.edu)
The advantages to the targeted release system is the reduction in the frequency of the dosages taken by the patient, having a more uniform effect of the drug, reduction of drug side-effects, and reduced fluctuation in circulating drug levels. (wikipedia.org)
When implementing a targeted release system, the following design criteria for the system must be taken into account: the drug properties, side-effects of the drugs, the route taken for the delivery of the drug, the targeted site, and the disease. (wikipedia.org)

5 Advantages of nanoparitcles : Passive & active drug targeting in parenteral administration. (authorstream.com)

Edited by Hala Gali-Muhtasib and Racha Chouaib, two prominent cancer researchers, this book will appeal to anyone involved in nanotechnology, cancer therapy, or drug delivery research. (routledge.com)
This review of scientific research supports applying a nanotechnology-based drug delivery system for MEL therapy. (hindawi.com)
The application of nanotechnology in drug delivery systems has created new treatments for respiratory diseases. (spandidos-publications.com)
The application of nanotechnology overcomes drug inherent deficiencies to a certain extent, and provides unlimited potential for the development of drugs to treat respiratory diseases. (spandidos-publications.com)
Rajadas, an expert in the field of nanotechnology the engineering of functional systems at a molecular scale to create nanostructures saw a potential for improving the delivery system of the peptide to the heart tissue. (nanowerk.com)

The Non-Invasive Drug Delivery Systems encompasses the broad field of non-invasive drug delivery systems which includes drug delivery via topical, transdermal-active (device- aided enhanced penetration), transdermal-passive, trans-ocular membrane, trans-mucosal membrane, as well as delivery via alveolar membrane from inhaled medication. (openpr.com)
State-of-the-art facility in Durham, NC expands the CDMO's topical and transdermal delivery capabilities. (contractpharma.com)
Nanosponge is a novel and emerging technology which offers controlled drug delivery for topical use. (amrita.edu)
We are also involved with test and characterization of iontophoretic patches, gels and topical creme delivery systems. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)

Zeteo's latest innovative delivery device technology enables patients to precisely self-administer drug and biopharmaceutical therapeutics targeting ocular diseases such as glaucoma, dry eye, macular degeneration, presbyopia, infections and inflammation to the eye. (pr.com)
In recent years, oligonucleotide therapeutics, such as antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), siRNAs, miRNAs, aptamers or CpG-motif oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN), are active areas of drug development designed to treat a variety of genetic and/or intractable diseases. (go.jp)
This method of delivery protects the therapeutics from being destroyed when passing through the stomach and gut. (outsourcing-pharma.com)

The specific delivery of these nano-particles to the injured myocardium was analyzed in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in vivo. (ahajournals.org)

The development led by Prof. Sosnik is based on the selective transport of the chemotherapeutic drug Dasatinib via nanoscale packaging. (technion.ac.il)
Alessandro Grattoni, Ph.D., is one of the architects behind a nanochannel drug-delivery system that acts as a filter with hundreds of thousands of uniform nanoscale channels. (phys.org)
This nanochannel delivery system (nDS), designed by Grattoni and Mauro Ferrari, Ph.D., president and CEO of the Houston Methodist Research Institute, and colleagues, is a membrane that acts as a filter with hundreds of thousands of uniform nanoscale channels. (phys.org)
Yale University's Tarek Fahmy joined NSF to explain a novel, nanoscale, drug-delivery system. (nsf.gov)
Yale University engineering professor Tarek Fahmy joined NSF to explain a novel, nanoscale, drug-delivery system that bundles powerful anti-cancer medicines into a single, treatment. (nsf.gov)

Despite the use of intra-articular injection as a technique for local delivery to the joint, free drugs are unable to remain within the joint space for adequate time periods and thereby do not reach their biological targets at sufficient levels (8) . (aiche.org)
Upon injection into the articular joint capsule ( Figure 1 ), the drug enters synovial fluid, which is subject to rapid physiological turnover (8) . (aiche.org)
Intra-articular injection is commonly used for local drug delivery into knee joints. (aiche.org)
Clinicians aim to reduce injection frequency as much as possible while still maintaining an effective drug concentration. (aiche.org)
The ease of transmucosal administration, by nebulizers or sprays, for example, often improves patient compliance compared to other forms of drug delivery such as injection. (sri.com)
A drug administration system includes a cradle attached about an intravenous injection port having a flange extending therefrom. (google.es)
The module may be provided with an electronic scanning system for identifying the first and second drug administration information, as well as determining the amount of the drug being administered from the syringe to the injection port by monitoring movement of the syringe plunger. (google.es)
Currently, the most effective method for protein-based drug delivery is through injection. (photonics.com)
The report ' Electronic Drug Delivery Systems Market By Type (Electronic Wearable Infusion Pump, Autoinjectors, Injection Pens, Electronic Inhalers), Indication (Diabetes, Multiple Sclerosis, Cardiovascular Disease, Asthma & COPD) - Global Forecast to 2024' The electronic drug delivery systems market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 8.7% during the forecast period to reach USD 11.9 billion by 2024 from USD 7.8 billion in 2019. (marketsandmarkets.com)
The system is based on the Dr. Shapiro's magnetic injection technology, which uses magnetic forces to transport bio-compatible nano-particles through the tympanic membrane into the middle ear. (childrensnational.org)
Drugs may be administered directly into the CNS or administered systematically (e.g., by intravenous injection) for targeted action in the CNS. (mdtmag.com)

Liposome delivery system helps in microphage penetration of the drug and delivers optimal concentration at the infection site. (medindia.net)
2 In parallel, there has been considerable progress in liposome technology 1 and related achievements have ensured in many cases adoption of the liposome system by the Industry. (springer.com)
P.A.H.M. Toonen and D.J.A. Crommelin, Immunoglobulins as targeting agents for liposome-encapsulated drugs, Pharmaceutisch Weekblad Scient. (springer.com)
Ideally the antibody will bind to a cancer cell receptor so that it can deliver the liposome - and the cancer drug - into the cell. (huliq.com)
The researchers then developed an effective method for attaching the aptamer to a liposome loaded with cisplatin, a drug that effectively kills cancer cells but has troublesome side effects when administered intravenously. (huliq.com)
By labeling a liposome that contains cisplatin with a cancer cell-specific aptamer, we have shown delivery of the drugs to cancer cells without significant damage to regular cells," Lu said, "making it possible to maximize the drug potency while minimizing its side effects. (huliq.com)

It avoids repeated doses at regular intervals, as well as achieving the minimum effective concentration of the drug in a manner that is sustained over a preset and prolonged period of time, rather than dumping all the drug at the same time in an uncontrolled fashion. (news-medical.net)
An osmotic system is one in which the key substance moves down a solute concentration gradient across a semipermeable membrane. (news-medical.net)
Using dimensionless numbers in repeated doses, either for the time or for the plasma drug concentration, makes the master curves useful for every drug, providing that its pharmacokinetics was linear. (ebooks.com)
The drug-loaded microcapsules showed excellent anti-bacterial activities towards Escherichia coli ( E . coli ) and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) by using both disk diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration methods. (rsc.org)
Targeted drug delivery, sometimes called smart drug delivery, is a method of delivering medication to a patient in a manner that increases the concentration of the medication in some parts of the body relative to others. (wikipedia.org)

The device is designed for the delivery of Hyperthermic Intra-Vesical Chemotherapy (HIVEC ® ) for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and has a strong strategic and synergistic fit with current business. (globenewswire.com)
One example of this is the use of chemotherapy to treat localized solid tumors, such as breast cancer, which involves the aggressive and repeated intravenous administration of near-toxic levels of drugs. (springer.com)

They also had nearly three times longer survival than mice that received drug therapy in the conventional way ― without the use of the nanoparticle delivery system. (ucdavis.edu)

Valley Cottage, NY 01/19/2019 The market for connected drug delivery devices is foreseen to witness a stellar growth rate of 25.6% from 2015 to 2027 rising to a valuation of US$ 1,304.7 Mn from US$ 132.2 Mn in 2017. (pharmacychoice.com)
This is likely to drive the of drug and gene delivery systems market in the next few years (from 2017 to 2025). (sbwire.com)
Among drug delivery systems, the targeted drug delivery sub-segment is poised to account for a leading market share from 2017 to 2025. (sbwire.com)
Among gene delivery systems, the viral gene delivery sub-segment is projected to account for a major market share from 2017 to 2025, due to factors such as increased incidence of genetic disorders with a different pattern of inheritance. (sbwire.com)

For more than a year, Hoekman and his adviser, UW pharmaceutics professor Rodney Ho, had been working on technology to deliver drugs to the brain more efficiently. (xconomy.com)

[1] SMEDDS are of particular value in increasing the absorption of lipophilic drugs taken by mouth. (wikipedia.org)
8 II ) Solvent displacement and interfacial deposition: Lipophilic drugs. (authorstream.com)
Because of the barriers imposed by the functions of human skin, it was once thought that only lipophilic drugs of small molecular mass could pass through the skin via these lipid bilayers. (adhesivesmag.com)

A highly effective novel drug delivery system will exhibit some negative aspects as well, of which the leading difficulties include the increased cost of such systems and the need for the meticulous design of the coating film to avoid any defects which would lead to the escape of the drug in uncontrolled doses. (news-medical.net)
The researchers detailed their novel drug delivery system in the January 16 online edition of the Journal of the American Chemical Society. (innovations-report.com)

The drugs which have local action or those which have maximum absorption in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) require increased duration of stay in GIT. (nih.gov)

At present, the controlled porosity osmotic pump (CPOP) and the push-pull osmotic pump (PPOP) are the most popular, being designed to avoid focused exposure to very irritating drugs and to enhance delivery of poorly soluble drugs, respectively. (news-medical.net)
in the past, this excluded water-soluble drugs from use in the TDD market. (adhesivesmag.com)
Post-doctoral researcher, Jonathan Moffat, is focused on delivery of poorly water soluble drugs and in particular characterization of delivery systems. (nanowerk.com)
In addition, because the drug is not readily soluble in blood, it is typically dissolved in castor oil, which has caused severe ― and sometimes fatal ― allergic reactions. (ucdavis.edu)

AMGN ), a leading biotechnology company, for injectable drug delivery systems. (fiercebiotech.com)
UNIS / ASX: UNS) is a U.S.-based developer and commercial supplier of injectable drug delivery systems. (fiercebiotech.com)

Highly mucus permeating and zeta potential changing self-emulsifying drug delivery systems: A potent gene delivery model for causal treatment of cystic fibrosis. (bioportfolio.com)
The global drug and gene delivery systems market is expanding due to emerging, new and advanced technologies and increasing demand for targeted drug delivery at a low dosing frequency. (sbwire.com)
However, high cost of the treatment and increase in drug recalls are some of the major restraints for the global drug and gene delivery systems market. (sbwire.com)
Growing adoption of technologically advanced products manufactured by local manufacturers such as Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd. is likely to drive the drug and gene delivery systems market in Asia Pacific during the forecast period. (sbwire.com)
The report offers detailed segmentation of the global drug and gene delivery systems market, which is based on delivery system, route of administration, and application. (sbwire.com)
Based on delivery system, the market has been segmented into drug delivery systems and gene delivery systems. (sbwire.com)
Among applications, the oncology segment is projected to hold a dominant share of the global drug and gene delivery systems market during the forecast period. (sbwire.com)
Major factors responsible for the dominance of this segment are continuous innovations in drug and gene delivery systems and wide product portfolio of major as well as local manufacturers. (sbwire.com)
The urology segment of the drug delivery systems market is projected to expand at a CAGR of above 6%, while the urology segment of the gene delivery systems market is estimated to expand at a CAGR of above 7% during the forecast period. (sbwire.com)
CNS and diabetes segments collectively accounted for more than 31.0% share of the global drug and gene delivery systems market in 2016, in terms of value. (sbwire.com)

Effective ophthalmic drug delivery poses a significant challenge because of protective physiological barriers and various biological c. (bioportfolio.com)
Austin, TX, June 01, 2020 --( PR.com )-- Zeteo Biomedical LLC announced today the availability of the ZEOx1 AquilaMD™ multi-dose ophthalmic drug delivery system. (pr.com)

Biological information detected by biological sensors is analyzed and the drug delivery system is actuated to deliver the drug based on the information. (slideshare.net)

Long duration, controllable drug delivery is of wide interest to medical researchers and clinicians, particularly those seeking to improve treatment for patients with chronic pain or to prevent cancer recurrence after surgery. (innovations-report.com)
This process involves controllable and reversible detachment of cargo proteins from the membrane of exosomes once they load into exosomes, which increases the efﬁciency of delivery of payload proteins into the cytoplasm or nucleus of target cells. (prnewswire.com)

Before TDD systems were available, the most effective method of maintaining steady drug levels required intravenous drips administered by a healthcare professional. (adhesivesmag.com)
In embodiments of the present invention, the results of the spectroscopic measurements are used to control the administration of a drug through an intravenous tube. (google.ca)

The third-generation INOMAX DSIR, which has been in development since 2008, is an advance over the second-generation INOMAX DS and the early-generation INOvent ® drug-delivery systems. (prnewswire.com)
However, despite decades of research and development, no disease-modifying drug for osteoarthritis has been approved for use in humans (2) . (aiche.org)
This book compiles and details cutting-edge research in nanomedicine from an interdisciplinary team of international cancer researchers who are currently revolutionizing drug delivery techniques through the development of nanomedicines and nanotheranostics. (routledge.com)
12 Technological achievements in this area include development of methods for high yield drug entrapment, achieving a relatively low lipid:drug ratio. (springer.com)
Cipla's Research & Development (R&D) is focused towards developing new products, improving existing products as well as drug delivery systems and expanding product applications. (cipla.com)
Vyakarnam has spent years directing research and overseeing successful product launches for several Johnson & Johnson companies, so he's had his finger on the pulse of drug-delivery system development for quite some time. (mddionline.com)
Nimodipine (NM) tablets with high dissolution containing NM solid dispersions prepared by hot-melt extrusion," Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy , vol. 37, no. 8, pp. 934-944, 2011. (hindawi.com)
It should be noted that our technique has yet to deliver any specific protein drugs, but we are confident that the research will contribute to the development of effective transdermal delivery systems. (photonics.com)
The collaboration includes a master development and supply agreement that captures key terms for the development, production and supply of Unilife delivery systems. (fiercebiotech.com)
Over the past few decades, Research and development (R&D) in drug delivery devices is increasing across the globe due to increasing prevalence of chronic disease. (openpr.com)
The development of a single drug can leave behind more than 10 to 15 years of work. (ebooks.com)
This FOA also encourages the development and testing of novel drug delivery systems in the pediatric population. (sbir.gov)
The development of resistance to these drugs may be the result of cancer cell heterogeneity, DNA damage repair mechanism, drug efflux, and cell death inhibition [ 3 ]. (plos.org)
3M Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) U.K. organization is bringing its teams under one roof, with 120 research and development employees moving to the DDS R&D Inhalation Centre of Excellence, in Loughborough. (contractpharma.com)
I'm delighted that 3M's Drug Delivery Systems Division has moved its research and development lab to Charnwood Campus. (contractpharma.com)
Methods are available to assess the BBB permeability of drugs at the discovery stage to avoid development of drugs that fail to reach their target site of action in the CNS. (mdtmag.com)
The FDA started to address Drug Delivery Systems as combination products almost 20 years ago and have more recently instituted a growing number of unique ways to regulate the development, registration and control of these products. (pda.org)
This workshop will provide attendees with insight into the challenges, and potential solutions to dealing with the requirements and regulations related to the development, registration and control of Drug Delivery Systems. (pda.org)
Researchers at Houston Methodist and Rice University have made a discovery that will impact the design of not only drug delivery systems, but also the development of newer applications in water filtration and energy production. (phys.org)

Advanced drug delivery systems developed by researchers can make this goal possible. (aiche.org)
IBM announced that its researchers have been instrumental in the creation of a new drug delivery mechanism to fight breast cancer. (eweek.com)
Many researchers are advancing new drug delivery systems, and several others are designing superhydrophobic materials, but we're combining these disciplines to see if we can open up new doors and enable more effective treatments for a wide range of diseases," said Grinstaff. (innovations-report.com)
Researchers have developed a water cloaking concept based on electromagnetic forces that could eliminate an object's wake, greatly reducing its drag while. (innovations-report.com)
Flinders University researchers and collaborators in Japan have produced a nanomesh that is capable of delivering drug treatments. (news-medical.net)
Researchers from UC Santa Barbara, UC Berkley and in collaboration with California based StrataGent Life Sciences, developed a novel pulsed microject system engineered for protein drug delivery without any needle pain. (medgadget.com)
The pulsed mircrojets engineered by the researchers combine high velocity (more than 100 meters per second) with very small jet diameters (between 50 and 100 micrometers), delivering only 2 to 15 nanoliters of liquid drug at a time. (medgadget.com)
University of Illinois researchers report that they have assembled a new cancer drug delivery system that, in cell culture, achieves all of the above. (huliq.com)
Researchers in the U.K. have developed a technique to better predict results in liver cancer when drug-laden polymer beads are used to deliver medicines. (fiercepharma.com)
The delivery system, which dramatically increases the peptide s stability, shows promise for treating heart disease in humans, the researchers said. (nanowerk.com)
The resulting apelin nanobullets, as the researchers refer to them, were then delivered through the blood system to the cardiovascular tissue of mice with induced hypertrophic heart conditions. (nanowerk.com)
Targeted drug delivery to specific sites is the significant problem which is being faced by the researchers. (amrita.edu)
Researchers in the Rice lab of chemist and bioengineer Jeffrey Hartgerink had just such an experience with the hydrogels they developed as a synthetic scaffold to deliver drugs and encourage the growth of cells and blood vessels for new tissue. (eurekalert.org)

With new chapters on nanobiotechnology techniques, experimental methods, and the clinical use for the intrathecal delivery of analgesics. (worldcat.org)
Intrathecal (IT) analgesia provided by an implanted reservoir/pump and catheter system is a treatment for chronic pain refractory to other analgesic modalities. (asra.com)
Perioperative management of patients with an intrathecal drug delivery system for chronic pain. (asra.com)

Free drugs are cleared from articular joints in a matter of hours to days, with some dependence on the molecular weight of the drug molecule. (aiche.org)
Drug physico-chemical properties like molecular weight of the drug, half life and chemical stability. (medindia.net)
She is a specialist in molecular genetics (RNA field) and has contributed to studies on the role of drug delivery systems in cancer therapy. (routledge.com)
The Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), based in Taiwan, has developed the Collabody drug delivery platform, a molecular therapy to enhance and supplement anti-cancer protein drugs. (medgadget.com)
Since different size drugs vary in molecular weight, characteristics and properties, the team experimentally developed an algorithm for selecting the size nanochannel that is the most appropriate to use for each drug. (phys.org)

Such a drug could slow disease progression by reducing the rate of cartilage degeneration or even regenerating new tissue. (aiche.org)
Cartilage is avascular ( i.e., it has no blood vessels), and thus penetration of drugs through the tissue to interact with the resident cell type, chondrocytes, occurs only by diffusion through the cartilage. (aiche.org)
Hydrogels are being studied for use in site-specific drug delivery and tissue targeting. (medindia.net)
The design also ensures that the drug present in the reservoir is released exclusively into the adjacent tissue without getting washed away into the blood flowing within the lumen. (google.co.uk)
This work is important because when giving a drug to a patient, it circulates in the blood stream, but often doesn't get into the tissue," said senior author Erkki Ruoslahti, of the Burnham Institute for Medical Research at UCSB. (scienceblog.com)
However, this improvement cannot happen until methods are developed to safely shepherd drugs through specific areas of the body, such as the stomach, where low pH can destroy a medication, or through an area where healthy bone and tissue might be adversely affected. (omicsonline.org)
As a result of this study, a patient-specific drug delivery device can be custom-designed and additively manufactured in the form of an implant that can identify, trace, and dispense a drug to the vicinity of a selected target tissue as a patient-specific function of time for bodily treatment and restoration. (mdpi.com)
The goal of a targeted drug delivery system is to prolong, localize, target and have a protected drug interaction with the diseased tissue. (wikipedia.org)
This helps maintain the required plasma and tissue drug levels in the body, thereby preventing any damage to the healthy tissue via the drug. (wikipedia.org)
One way to actively target solely diseased tissue in the body is to know the nature of a receptor on the cell for which the drug will be targeted to. (wikipedia.org)

The physico-chemical properties of the drug, carrier and the binder compounds. (medindia.net)
A device and method for stabilizing a drug, particularly a chiral drug or the active enantiomer(s) thereof, in a carrier composition of a transdermal delivery system prior to the systems use by providing a product packaging system to prevent or control degradation reactions that can result from certain. (google.com)
The ability of a transdermal system to deliver a therapeutically effective amount for the intended duration of use therefore requires that the active agent remain in non-crystalline or dissolved form in the carrier composition prior to use. (google.com)
It is essential that the drug carrier system be capable of delivering these nucleic acid-based drugs to the target cells. (nova.edu)
Nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) was shown to be a good nanoparticulated carrier for the delivery of tamoxifen (TAM). (plos.org)
Solid dispersions are systems where one or more components are molecularly dispersed in a matrix/carrier. (nanowerk.com)

The typical packaging system for a transdermal system involves enclosing it within a packaging material that is sealed to form a container, such as a sealed pouch, in which the system may remain for long periods of time before its removal and use. (google.com)
Several factors must be considered to ensure the storage stability of a packaged transdermal system. (google.com)

Rising aged population, rising occurrence of chronic diseases such as diabetes and cancer and high demand for drugs for diseases requiring long-term treatment, such as diabetes are some of the factors fueling the market. (mynewsdesk.com)
The report suggests that the rising demand for advanced drugs led by increased prevalence of chronic and acute diseases worldwide is enhancing drug discovery operations and the research in the fields of pharmaceuticals and biotechnology. (sbwire.com)

Insulin can be administered in combination with various types of drug carriers and a variety of routes of drug delivery. (medindia.net)
Carriers are also used in designs to increase the effectiveness of drug delivery to the target sites of pharmacological actions. (bioportfolio.com)
0.05) improved specificity and safety of the drug carriers in the treatment of mammary gland tumors. (plos.org)
Nanomedicine has provided amicable solutions to the solubilization of drugs through the use of biologically compatible lipid nanoparticulated drug carriers. (plos.org)
However, the possible negative effects of NPs as drug carriers should also be considered. (spandidos-publications.com)

Modified cells as potential ocular drug delivery systems. (bioportfolio.com)
In principle, cell technologies enable targeted delivery, long drug action, and minimally invasive administration, but they have only been sparsely studied for ocular drug delivery. (bioportfolio.com)

This means of delivery is largely founded on nanomedicine, which plans to employ nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery in order to combat the downfalls of conventional drug delivery. (wikipedia.org)

The control module includes a pumping mechanism including a camshaft which reciprocates valves and an expulsor in the control module engaging and interacting with the tube located on the pressure plate for forcing the drug from the drug container bag to the patient. (google.com)

Anatomy14

Organisms8

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs106

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment63

Phenomena and Processes32

Disciplines and Occupations9

Technology, Industry, Agriculture39

Health Care6

Transdermal photopolymerization for minimally invasive implantation. (1/6144)

Enhancement of fluid filtration across tumor vessels: implication for delivery of macromolecules. (2/6144)

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein as a delivery system for photosensitizers: implications for photodynamic therapy of atherosclerosis. (3/6144)

Early use of inhaled nedocromil sodium in children following an acute episode of asthma. (4/6144)

Photochemical internalization: a novel technology for delivery of macromolecules into cytosol. (5/6144)

Nucleotide exchange in genomic DNA of rat hepatocytes using RNA/DNA oligonucleotides. Targeted delivery of liposomes and polyethyleneimine to the asialoglycoprotein receptor. (6/6144)

Tracking the intracellular path of poly(ethylenimine)/DNA complexes for gene delivery. (7/6144)

Intranuclear delivery of an antiviral peptide mediated by the B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin. (8/6144)

Drug Delivery Systems

Drug Carriers

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical

Nanoparticles

Delayed-Action Preparations

Drug Compounding

Emulsifying Agents

Emulsions

Technology, Pharmaceutical

Nanomedicine

Particle Size

Nanocapsules

Excipients

Polymers

Chitosan

Solubility

Liposomes

Polyglycolic Acid

Nanotechnology

Tablets

Dosage Forms

Pharmaceutical Preparations

Nanostructures

Microspheres

Administration, Cutaneous

Biological Availability

Polyethylene Glycols

Biocompatible Materials

Methylcellulose

Hydrogels

Poloxamer

Skin Absorption

Drug Chronotherapy

Drug Implants

Infusion Pumps, Implantable

Drug Stability

Nanoconjugates

Oils

Polymethacrylic Acids

Administration, Ophthalmic

Surface-Active Agents

Capsules

Micelles

Dendrimers

Nanospheres

Polyesters

Polyglactin 910

Adhesives

Lactic Acid

Surface Properties

Delivery, Obstetric

Administration, Oral

Polyethyleneimine

Drug Design

Drug Administration Routes

Polysorbates

Porosity

Antineoplastic Agents

Powders

Gels

Pharmacokinetics

Acrylic Resins

Microscopy, Electron, Transmission

Microscopy, Electron, Scanning

Viscosity

Microtechnology

Ketoprofen

Cell Line, Tumor

Doxorubicin

Magnetite Nanoparticles

Nanotubes, Carbon

Oxprenolol

Sonication

Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

Gene Transfer Techniques

Hydrogel

Ophthalmic Solutions

Plant Gums

Calorimetry, Differential Scanning

Absorbable Implants