Forms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, decrease drug metabolism, and reduce drug toxicity. Carriers are also used in designs to increase the effectiveness of drug delivery to the target sites of pharmacological actions. Liposomes, albumin microspheres, soluble synthetic polymers, DNA complexes, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes among others have been employed as biodegradable drug carriers.
Systems for the delivery of drugs to target sites of pharmacological actions. Technologies employed include those concerning drug preparation, route of administration, site targeting, metabolism, and toxicity.
Nanometer-sized particles that are nanoscale in three dimensions. They include nanocrystaline materials; NANOCAPSULES; METAL NANOPARTICLES; DENDRIMERS, and QUANTUM DOTS. The uses of nanoparticles include DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS and cancer targeting and imaging.
Relating to the size of solids.
Deacetylated CHITIN, a linear polysaccharide of deacetylated beta-1,4-D-glucosamine. It is used in HYDROGEL and to treat WOUNDS.
Artificial, single or multilaminar vesicles (made from lecithins or other lipids) that are used for the delivery of a variety of biological molecules or molecular complexes to cells, for example, drug delivery and gene transfer. They are also used to study membranes and membrane proteins.
Chemistry dealing with the composition and preparation of agents having PHARMACOLOGIC ACTIONS or diagnostic use.
Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS.
The condition of harboring an infective organism without manifesting symptoms of infection. The organism must be readily transmissible to another susceptible host.
Separation of molecules and particles by a simultaneous action of carrier liquid flow and focusing field forces (electrical, sedimentation, or thermal), without a stationary phase.
Nanometer-sized, hollow, spherically-shaped objects that can be utilized to encapsulate small amounts of pharmaceuticals, enzymes, or other catalysts (Glossary of Biotechnology and Nanobiotechnology, 4th ed).
The application of scientific knowledge or technology to pharmacy and the pharmaceutical industry. It includes methods, techniques, and instrumentation in the manufacture, preparation, compounding, dispensing, packaging, and storing of drugs and other preparations used in diagnostic and determinative procedures, and in the treatment of patients.
The branch of medicine concerned with the application of NANOTECHNOLOGY to the prevention and treatment of disease. It involves the monitoring, repair, construction, and control of human biological systems at the molecular level, using engineered nanodevices and NANOSTRUCTURES. (From Freitas Jr., Nanomedicine, vol 1, 1999).
The preparation, mixing, and assembling of a drug. (From Remington, The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th ed, p1814)
Compounds formed by the joining of smaller, usually repeating, units linked by covalent bonds. These compounds often form large macromolecules (e.g., BIOPOLYMERS; PLASTICS).
Tree-like, highly branched, polymeric compounds. They grow three-dimensionally by the addition of shells of branched molecules to a central core. The overall globular shape and presence of cavities gives potential as drug carriers and CONTRAST AGENTS.
A cellulose of varied carboxyl content retaining the fibrous structure. It is commonly used as a local hemostatic and as a matrix for normal blood coagulation.
A polyester used for absorbable sutures & surgical mesh, especially in ophthalmic surgery. 2-Hydroxy-propanoic acid polymer with polymerized hydroxyacetic acid, which forms 3,6-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-dione polymer with 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione copolymer of molecular weight about 80,000 daltons.
A nonionic polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block co-polymer with the general formula HO(C2H4O)a(-C3H6O)b(C2H4O)aH. It is available in different grades which vary from liquids to solids. It is used as an emulsifying agent, solubilizing agent, surfactant, and wetting agent for antibiotics. Poloxamer is also used in ointment and suppository bases and as a tablet binder or coater. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)
Colloids formed by the combination of two immiscible liquids such as oil and water. Lipid-in-water emulsions are usually liquid, like milk or lotion. Water-in-lipid emulsions tend to be creams. The formation of emulsions may be aided by amphiphatic molecules that surround one component of the system to form MICELLES.
Dosage forms of a drug that act over a period of time by controlled-release processes or technology.
Particles consisting of aggregates of molecules held loosely together by secondary bonds. The surface of micelles are usually comprised of amphiphatic compounds that are oriented in a way that minimizes the energy of interaction between the micelle and its environment. Liquids that contain large numbers of suspended micelles are referred to as EMULSIONS.
The development and use of techniques to study physical phenomena and construct structures in the nanoscale size range or smaller.
Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.
Materials which have structured components with at least one dimension in the range of 1 to 100 nanometers. These include NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOPARTICLES; NANOTUBES; and NANOWIRES.
The ability of a substance to be dissolved, i.e. to form a solution with another substance. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Polymers of organic acids and alcohols, with ester linkages--usually polyethylene terephthalate; can be cured into hard plastic, films or tapes, or fibers which can be woven into fabrics, meshes or velours.
Antineoplastic antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces peucetius. It is a hydroxy derivative of DAUNORUBICIN.
Hard or soft soluble containers used for the oral administration of medicine.
Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.
Colorless, odorless crystals that are used extensively in research laboratories for the preparation of polyacrylamide gels for electrophoresis and in organic synthesis, and polymerization. Some of its polymers are used in sewage and wastewater treatment, permanent press fabrics, and as soil conditioning agents.
Small uniformly-sized spherical particles, of micrometer dimensions, frequently labeled with radioisotopes or various reagents acting as tags or markers.
A group of inosine ribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each inosine ribonucleotide act as bridges in forming diester linkages between the ribose moieties.
Method of using a polycrystalline powder and Rietveld refinement (LEAST SQUARES ANALYSIS) of X-RAY DIFFRACTION or NEUTRON DIFFRACTION. It circumvents the difficulties of producing single large crystals.
Consists of a polypeptide chain and 4'-phosphopantetheine linked to a serine residue by a phosphodiester bond. Acyl groups are bound as thiol esters to the pantothenyl group. Acyl carrier protein is involved in every step of fatty acid synthesis by the cytoplasmic system.
Agents that modify interfacial tension of water; usually substances that have one lipophilic and one hydrophilic group in the molecule; includes soaps, detergents, emulsifiers, dispersing and wetting agents, and several groups of antiseptics.
A biocompatible polymer used as a surgical suture material.
Identification of genetic carriers for a given trait.
Differential thermal analysis in which the sample compartment of the apparatus is a differential calorimeter, allowing an exact measure of the heat of transition independent of the specific heat, thermal conductivity, and other variables of the sample.
Substances made up of an aggregation of small particles, as that obtained by grinding or trituration of a solid drug. In pharmacy it is a form in which substances are administered. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Characteristics or attributes of the outer boundaries of objects, including molecules.
Usually inert substances added to a prescription in order to provide suitable consistency to the dosage form. These include binders, matrix, base or diluent in pills, tablets, creams, salves, etc.
An individual having different alleles at one or more loci regarding a specific character.
Chemical substances, produced by microorganisms, inhibiting or preventing the proliferation of neoplasms.
Synthetic or natural materials, other than DRUGS, that are used to replace or repair any body TISSUES or bodily function.
The study of MAGNETIC PHENOMENA.
A ubiquitously expressed folic acid transporter that functions via an antiporter mechanism which is coupled to the transport of organic phosphates.
The chemical and physical integrity of a pharmaceutical product.
Small encapsulated gas bubbles (diameters of micrometers) that can be used as CONTRAST MEDIA, and in other diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Upon exposure to sufficiently intense ultrasound, microbubbles will cavitate, rupture, disappear, release gas content. Such characteristics of the microbubbles can be used to enhance diagnostic tests, dissolve blood clots, and deliver drugs or genes for therapy.
Nanoparticles produced from metals whose uses include biosensors, optics, and catalysts. In biomedical applications the particles frequently involve the noble metals, especially gold and silver.
A major protein in the BLOOD. It is important in maintaining the colloidal osmotic pressure and transporting large organic molecules.
The extent to which the active ingredient of a drug dosage form becomes available at the site of drug action or in a biological medium believed to reflect accessibility to a site of action.
A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.
Serum albumin from cows, commonly used in in vitro biological studies. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.
The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Transparent, tasteless crystals found in nature as agate, amethyst, chalcedony, cristobalite, flint, sand, QUARTZ, and tridymite. The compound is insoluble in water or acids except hydrofluoric acid.
The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.
Cellular uptake of extracellular materials within membrane-limited vacuoles or microvesicles. ENDOSOMES play a central role in endocytosis.
Drugs intended for human or veterinary use, presented in their finished dosage form. Included here are materials used in the preparation and/or formulation of the finished dosage form.
A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
The application of suitable drug dosage forms to the skin for either local or systemic effects.
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.
Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.
A generic term for fats and lipoids, the alcohol-ether-soluble constituents of protoplasm, which are insoluble in water. They comprise the fats, fatty oils, essential oils, waxes, phospholipids, glycolipids, sulfolipids, aminolipids, chromolipids (lipochromes), and fatty acids. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
The testing of materials and devices, especially those used for PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; SUTURES; TISSUE ADHESIVES; etc., for hardness, strength, durability, safety, efficacy, and biocompatibility.
A light microscopic technique in which only a small spot is illuminated and observed at a time. An image is constructed through point-by-point scanning of the field in this manner. Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible.
A spectroscopic technique in which a range of wavelengths is presented simultaneously with an interferometer and the spectrum is mathematically derived from the pattern thus obtained.
Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Electron microscopy in which the ELECTRONS or their reaction products that pass down through the specimen are imaged below the plane of the specimen.
Injections made into a vein for therapeutic or experimental purposes.
The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.
The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.
The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.
Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumor studies and studies on immune responses.
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.
A tumor suppressor gene (GENES, TUMOR SUPPRESSOR) located on human CHROMOSOME 17 at locus 17q21. Mutations of this gene are associated with the formation of HEREDITARY BREAST AND OVARIAN CANCER SYNDROME. It encodes a large nuclear protein that is a component of DNA repair pathways.
A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.
The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.
Detection of a MUTATION; GENOTYPE; KARYOTYPE; or specific ALLELES associated with genetic traits, heritable diseases, or predisposition to a disease, or that may lead to the disease in descendants. It includes prenatal genetic testing.
A tumor suppressor gene (GENES, TUMOR SUPPRESSOR) located on human chromosome 13 at locus 13q12.3. Mutations in this gene predispose humans to breast and ovarian cancer. It encodes a large, nuclear protein that is an essential component of DNA repair pathways, suppressing the formation of gross chromosomal rearrangements. (from Genes Dev 2000;14(11):1400-6)
The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
The record of descent or ancestry, particularly of a particular condition or trait, indicating individual family members, their relationships, and their status with respect to the trait or condition.

U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of AmBisome (liposomal amphotericin B) for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. (1/3649)

In August 1997, AmBisome (liposomal amphotericin B, Nexstar, San Dimas, CA) was the first drug approved for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The growing recognition of emerging and reemerging infections warrants that safe and effective agents to treat such infections be readily available in the United States. The following discussion of the data submitted in support of the New Drug Application for AmBisome for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis shows the breadth of data from clinical trials that can be appropriate to support approval for drugs to treat tropical diseases.  (+info)

Systemic candidiasis with candida vasculitis due to Candida kruzei in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia. (2/3649)

Candida kruzei-related systemic infections are increasing in frequency, particularly in patients receiving prophylaxis with antifungal triazoles. A Caucasian male with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukaemia (AML M1) developed severe and persistent fever associated with a micropustular eruption scattered over the trunk and limbs during induction chemotherapy. Blood cultures grew Candida kruzei, and biopsies of the skin lesions revealed a candida vasculitis. He responded to high doses of liposomal amphotericin B and was discharged well from hospital.  (+info)

In vitro and in vivo activities of NS-718, a new lipid nanosphere incorporating amphotericin B, against Aspergillus fumigatus. (3/3649)

We evaluated the in vitro and in vivo potencies of a new lipid nanosphere that incorporates amphotericin B (AmB), NS-718, against Aspergillus fumigatus. The in vitro activity of NS-718 (the MIC at which 90% of strains are inhibited [MIC90], 0.25 microgram/ml) against 18 isolates of A. fumigatus was similar to that of deoxycholate AmB (D-AmB; Fungizone; MIC90, 0.25 microgram/ml), but NS-718 was more potent than liposomal AmB (L-AmB; AmBi-some; MIC90, 1.0 microgram/ml). The in vivo efficacy of NS-718 in a rat model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis was compared with those of D-AmB and L-AmB. A low dose (1 mg/kg of body weight) of L-AmB was ineffective (survival rate, 0%), although equivalent doses of D-AmB and NS-718 were more effective (survival rate, 17%). However, a higher dose of NS-718 (3 mg/kg) was more effective (survival rate, 100%) than equivalent doses of D-AmB and L-AmB (survival rate, 0%). To explain these differences, pharmacokinetic studies showed higher concentrations of AmB in the plasma of rats treated with NS-718 than in the plasma of those treated with D-AmB. Our results suggest that NS-718, a new preparation of AmB, is a promising antifungal agent with activity against pulmonary aspergillosis.  (+info)

Pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion of amikacin in low-clearance unilamellar liposomes after a single or repeated intravenous administration in the rhesus monkey. (4/3649)

Liposomal aminoglycosides have been shown to have activity against intracellular infections, such as those caused by Mycobacterium avium. Amikacin in small, low-clearance liposomes (MiKasome) also has curative and prophylactic efficacies against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. To develop appropriate dosing regimens for low-clearance liposomal amikacin, we studied the pharmacokinetics of liposomal amikacin in plasma, the level of exposure of plasma to free amikacin, and urinary excretion of amikacin after the administration of single-dose (20 mg/kg of body weight) and repeated-dose (20 mg/kg eight times at 48-h intervals) regimens in rhesus monkeys. The clearance of liposomal amikacin (single-dose regimen, 0.023 +/- 0.003 ml min-1 kg-1; repeated-dose regimen, 0.014 +/- 0.001 ml min-1 kg-1) was over 100-fold lower than the creatinine clearance (an estimate of conventional amikacin clearance). Half-lives in plasma were longer than those reported for other amikacin formulations and declined during the elimination phase following administration of the last dose (from 81.7 +/- 27 to 30.5 +/- 5 h). Peak and trough (48 h) levels after repeated dosing reached 728 +/- 72 and 418 +/- 60 micrograms/ml, respectively. The levels in plasma remained > 180 micrograms/ml for 6 days after the administration of the last dose. The free amikacin concentration in plasma never exceeded 17.4 +/- 1 micrograms/ml and fell rapidly (half-life, 1.47 to 1.85 h) after the administration of each dose of liposomal amikacin. This and the low volume of distribution (45 ml/kg) indicate that the amikacin in plasma largely remained sequestered in long-circulating liposomes. Less than half the amikacin was recovered in the urine, suggesting that the level of renal exposure to filtered free amikacin was reduced, possibly as a result of intracellular uptake or the metabolism of liposomal amikacin. Thus, low-clearance liposomal amikacin could be administered at prolonged (2- to 7-day) intervals to achieve high levels of exposure to liposomal amikacin with minimal exposure to free amikacin.  (+info)

Lactic acid polymers as biodegradable carriers of fluoroquinolones: an in vitro study. (5/3649)

A biodegradable polymer of DL-dilactide that facilitates release of ciprofloxacin or pefloxacin at levels exceeding MICs for the causative microorganisms of chronic osteomyelitis is described. Duration and peak of release were found to depend on the molecular weight of the polymer. Its characteristics make it promising for treating chronic bone infections.  (+info)

Incorporation rates, stabilities, cytotoxicities and release of liposomal tetracycline and doxycycline in human serum. (6/3649)

Tetracycline and doxycycline were encapsulated in cationic, anionic and neutral liposomes. The amounts of antibiotic encapsulated, the stability of each preparation at 4 degrees C for 4 weeks, and the kinetics of the release of entrapped drug into human sera were assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The toxicities of the liposome preparations on human erythrocytes and HeLa 229 cells were evaluated in vitro. The results showed that doxycycline was entrapped more efficiently than tetracycline, and that doxycycline-entrapped liposomes were more stable at 4 degrees C and in human sera, and less cytotoxic than tetracycline-entrapped liposomes.  (+info)

Liposomal amphotericin B for empirical therapy in patients with persistent fever and neutropenia. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group. (7/3649)

BACKGROUND: In patients with persistent fever and neutropenia, amphotericin B is administered empirically for the early treatment and prevention of clinically occult invasive fungal infections. However, breakthrough fungal infections can develop despite treatment, and amphotericin B has substantial toxicity. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial comparing liposomal amphotericin B with conventional amphotericin B as empirical antifungal therapy. RESULTS: The mean duration of therapy was 10.8 days for liposomal amphotericin B (343 patients) and 10.3 days for conventional amphotericin B (344 patients). The composite rates of successful treatment were similar (50 percent for liposomal amphotericin B and 49 percent for conventional amphotericin B) and were independent of the use of antifungal prophylaxis or colony-stimulating factors. The outcomes were similar with liposomal amphotericin B and conventional amphotericin B with respect to survival (93 percent and 90 percent, respectively), resolution of fever (58 percent and 58 percent), and discontinuation of the study drug because of toxic effects or lack of efficacy (14 percent and 19 percent). There were fewer proved breakthrough fungal infections among patients treated with liposomal amphotericin B (11 patients [3.2 percent]) than among those treated with conventional amphotericin B (27 patients [7.8 percent], P=0.009). With the liposomal preparation significantly fewer patients had infusion-related fever (17 percent vs. 44 percent), chills or rigors (18 percent vs. 54 percent), and other reactions, including hypotension, hypertension, and hypoxia. Nephrotoxic effects (defined by a serum creatinine level two times the upper limit of normal) were significantly less frequent among patients treated with liposomal amphotericin B (19 percent) than among those treated with conventional amphotericin B (34 percent, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Liposomal amphotericin B is as effective as conventional amphotericin B for empirical antifungal therapy in patients with fever and neutropenia, and it is associated with fewer breakthrough fungal infections, less infusion-related toxicity, and less nephrotoxicity.  (+info)

Liposomes fuse with sperm cells and induce activation by delivery of impermeant agents. (8/3649)

Sperm cell activation is a critical step in fertilization. To directly investigate the cell signaling events leading to sperm activation it is necessary to deliver membrane impermeant agents into the cytoplasm. In this study, the use of liposomes as possible agent-loading vectors was examined using (1) the octadecylrhodamine B (R18) and NBD phosphatidylethanolamine (NBD DHPE)/rhodamine phosphatidylethanolamine (rhod DHPE) fusion assays in bulk samples, (2) membrane transfer of fluorescence from liposome membranes labeled with R18 and rhodamine-tagged phosphatidylethanolamine (TRITC DHPE), and (3) lumenal transfer of impermeant calcium ions from liposomes to sperm cells, a process that stimulated sperm cell activation. Intermediate-sized unilamellar liposomes (98.17+/-15.34 nm) were prepared by the detergent-removal technique using sodium cholate as the detergent and a phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylethanolamine/cholesterol (2:1:1 mole ratio) lipid composition. In the R18 fusion assays, self-quenching increased logarithmically with increasing concentrations of R18 in the liposome membranes; addition of unlabeled sperm to R18-labeled liposomes lead to a rapid release of self-quenching. In the NBD DHPE/rhod DHPE resonance energy transfer (RET) fusion assay, RET was rapidly reduced under similar conditions. In addition, individual sperm became fluorescent when TRITC DHPE-labeled liposomes were incubated with unlabeled sperm cells. Incubation of sperm cells with empty liposomes did not significantly affect sperm cell activation and did not alter cell morphology. However, incubation with Ca (10 mM)-loaded liposomes resulted in a time-dependent increase in sperm cell activation (7.5-fold over controls after 15 min). We conclude that liposomes can be used for direct loading of membrane-impermeant agents into sea squirt sperm cell cytoplasm, and that delivery occurs via fusion and content intermixing.  (+info)

In order to improve drug entrapment efficiency and loading capacity, nanostructured lipid carriers consisting of solid lipid and liquid lipid as a new type of colloidal drug delivery system were prepared. The dispersions of oridonin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers were successfully prepared by the emulsion-evaporation and low temperature-solidification technique using monostearin as the solid lipid, caprylic/capric triglycerides as the liquid lipid and oridonin as the model drug. Their physicochemical properties of oridonin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers and release behaviours were investigated and compared with those of solid lipid nanoparticles. As a result, the mean particle size was similar to 200 nm with narrow polydispersity index lower than 0.4 for all developed formulations. Zeta potential values were in the range -35 mV similar to -50 mV, providing good physical stability of all formulations. The differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray ...
Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are stable colloidal formulations with notable advantages for drug delivery systems. Thanks to their physicochemical stability, biocompatibility, biodegradability and controlled drug release, they have received increasing attention for the last several years. The aim of the study was to prepare and characterize nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC). Both, the effect of the process parameters and the effect of the preemulsion composition on the NLC properties were investigated. In the work, different type of surfactants (i.e. decyl glucoside, Poloxamer188, Tween 80, sodium cholate) and their combinations were used to stabilize NLC dispersions. Moreover, several kinds of solid lipids (modified beeswax, gliceryl behenate, cetyl palmitate and berry wax) and liquid lipids (caprilic/capric triglyceride and decyl oleate) were applied. An ultrasonication method using a probe type sonicator was used to obtain NLC, and the time and energy of the process were modified ...
The process for homogeneous distribution of a cellular suspension in a porous carrier material (3) for tissue engineering under using a molded body (1) with a chamber (2) having an opening for receiving the carrier material, comprises introducing the carrier material provided for colonization into the chamber. (contd)
Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are drug-delivery systems and they are made out of solid and fluid lipids as a core matrix. It was demonstrated that NLCs uncover a f..
Objective: Rizatriptan Benzoate is the 5H1 receptor agonist and used in treatment of migraine, cluster headache. The main objective is to develop ideal anti-migraine nasal mucoadhesive microparticles as local and systemic drug delivery system. Method: An attempt was made to formulate the nasal mucoadhesive microparticle of Rizatriptan Benzoate with excipients like mucoadhesive polymers i.e HPMC, ethyl cellulose etc., by using modified solvent evaporation method. And evaluated them for production yield, drug loading efficiency, surface morphology by SEM, drug content, particle size, In-vitro drug release studies. The release rates were studied using GRAPHPAD PRISM software. Result and discussion: The prepared microparticles of Rizatriptan Benzoateformulations were found to be satisfactory particle size i.e in the range of 36.96 to 53.28µm,mucoadhesion time of F5 found to be 370 min,drug content was found to be72.86 % to 81.80 % and drug release of the drug follow zero order kinetic model. Optimized
Page contains details about N-Arginine-N-octyl chitosan-coated nanostructured lipid carriers . It has composition images, properties, Characterization methods, synthesis, applications and reference articles : nano.nature.com
Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) composed of solid and liquid lipids, and surfactants are potentially good colloidal drug carriers. Before NLC can be us
Pulmonary Drug Delivery Devices Market: Overview Read the full report: http://www.reportlinker.com/p04743092-summary/view-report.html This report on pulmonary drug delivery devices
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Yet despite holding so much cargo, the fully loaded nanocarriers are less than the thickness of a sheet of flimsy notebook paper.. The silica shell keeps the nanocarriers watertight. In addition, they do not interfere with healthy tissue, as Zhangs team showed by injecting healthy mice with empty nanocarriers or nanocarriers loaded with drug cargo. Five days after injection, they checked vital organs in the mice for evidence of toxicity and found none. This would indicate that the nanocarriers themselves do not trigger an adverse reaction in the body, and that the loaded nanocarriers are keeping their toxic cargo shielded from the body, said Zhang.. The UW team also designed the nanocarriers to be easily disassembled once they reached a desired location. Gentle heating from low-level infrared light was sufficient to make the nanocarriers break apart and disgorge their cargo, which is something doctors could apply to the tumor site during treatment.. As their final test of the nanocarrier ...
Development of newer drug carrier systems by the researchers has resulted in numerous breakthroughs in the development and manufacturing of ocular products. The ocular bioavailability of drugs at the posterior segment of the eye is a challenging task in the present scenario. Naturally derived macromolecular carriers are widely used to increase the efficacy of ocular drugs. They provide enhanced corneal permeability and retention effect at the surface of cornea for a prolonged period of time. In this regimen the present review focuses towards the major ocular diseases and their prevalence and development of efficient drug carrier systems utilizing various naturally derived macromolecules for improved delivery of drugs to treat ocular diseases ...
Organic light emitting devices are comprised of an organic charge carrier layer formed from a charge carrier material that is capable of forming a stable glass due to the presence of a compound having
Recent Advances reference discusses advances in the design, optimization, and adaptation of gene delivery systems for the treatment of cancer,
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The officers of RCSS/SSA had captured a lot of Yaba, heroin, and tools of drugs with drug carriers included an abbot on a car that went from Kholum to Kunhing.
One-pot approach to couple the crystallization of CaCO(3) nanoparticles and the in situ symmetry-breaking assembly of these crystallites into hollow spherical shells was developed under the templating effect of a soluble starch. Further functional study using HP-a as an anticancer drug carrier (DOX) demonstrated its advantages for localizing drug release by the pH value-sensitive structure and enhancing cytotoxicity by increasing cellular uptake, perinuclear accumulation, and nuclear entry.
The major challenges for the current shock and kill approach to HIV cure include insufficient potency of single LRAs, low LRA concentration in the lymphatic tissues that harbor most latent reservoirs, and toxicity. Nanocarriers have shown great promise in delivering combination therapeutics to specific sites or cells and therefore could address these challenges. However, nanocarriers have not been tested in a rigorous fashion as a strategy to deliver LRAs for HIV cure. In a few reported studies, LRAs were evaluated in vitro (24, 26, 27) or in vivo through systemic administration without specific targeting (25). In addition, no studies have investigated the delivery of combination LRAs, which may be necessary to sufficiently stimulate HIV reactivation (13). In this study, we focused on using targeted nanocarriers to deliver mechanistically distinct LRAs in combination and to specifically act on CD4+ T cells in the LNs.. Our approach shows many advantages over conventional drug delivery systems ...
Of fundamental importance in the design of a therapeutic drug carrier system is a thorough understanding of the factors which control its fate in the living animal. The use of liposomes as a carrier system able to improve the therapeutic efficacy of a wide range of drugs, requires manipulation of it …
Formulation strategies of nano lipid carrier for effective brain targeting of anti-AD drugs. Curr Pharm Des. 2020 Feb 12;: Authors: Alexander A, Agrawal M, Saraf S, Saraf S, Ajazuddin, Chougule MB Abstract NLC is a next-generation lipid nanocarrier which holds many advantages over other colloidal lipid carrier system like higher drug loading, better and controlled release and...
Silica and Dysprosia Aerogels as Drug Carriers for Indomethacin and Paracetamol, Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, American Chemical Society (ACS), Aug 2011.. ...
The 2018 Gordon Research Conference on Drug Carriers in Medicine and Biology will be held in Waterville Valley, NH. Apply today to reserve your spot.
Page contains details about gemcitabine/doxorubicin-loaded PEG1900-S-S-PLA5800 polymersomes . It has composition images, properties, Characterization methods, synthesis, applications and reference articles : nano.nature.com
Cambridge, MA-based Alnylam Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ:]) has been working with Tekmira Pharmaceuticals (TSE:]) of Vancouver, BC, since at least 2006 on
The present invention concerns methods and compositions for delivery of therapeutic agents to target cells, tissues or organisms. In preferred embodiments, the therapeutic agents are delivered in the
Principal Investigator:ISHIDA Tatsuhiro, Project Period (FY):2012-04-01 - 2015-03-31, Research Category:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Section:一般, Research Field:Physical pharmacy
The physiological environment is a crucial factor in biomedical systems, which can be regulated with relative ease both in vitro and in vivo. Control of pH has emerged as a powerful strategy in cancer therapy because pH has a profound effect on the interaction of a polymeric-based drug delivery system with tumor ce
[122 Pages Report] Check for Discount on Global Solid Tumors Drugs Sales Market Report 2016 report by QYResearch Group. Notes: Sales, means the sales volume of Solid Tumors Drugs...
Drug nanocarriers are nano-objects that transport a diagnostic or therapeutic agent either on its surface, within this bulk structure or within an internal cavity.. ...
RENOLIT thermoplastic 3D films are ideal for the three-dimensional shaping and wrapping of furniture, design objects and shop fittings or wall or ceiling elements. RENOLIT 3D Thermolaminates can be shaped and cut to suit any carrier material and offer a wide range of surface and texture options. RENOLIT ALKOREN products offer a wide range of wood-effect, single-colour and patterned finishes. RENOLIT COVAREN boasts even more additional features. These films have deep embossing, a realistic feel and metallic effect. Selected décors can be produced using synchronous EIR (Embossed in Register) technology. The synchronous pore EIR method creates a natural wood finish in virtually any shade or colour tone. There is also a full range of single-colour options available in both high-gloss and metallic finishes.. ...
Strips or rolls of carrier material coated with single or double-sided adhesive flanked sometimes by removable liners. Tapes are used to attach or arrange materials to each other or in relation to each other.
Not What You Ordered: While we would like to claim that we are perfect.... we are also human, so occasionally the wrong size or style will be shipped. You will notice that the boxes are very similar in size and shape, so it is important that you check your order before opening the boxes. The size and style is located on the sides of the boxes. If you happen to receive the wrong size or style kitchen cabinet or bathroom vanity, please contact us within 48 hours at (800) 484-0427 and we will do our best to expedite you the correct size or style. If you had your items shipped by carrier we may request to have that same OR different carrier return the items. If you picked your products up at our location you are required to return them to our location.. Ordered the Wrong Size/Style: While we are more than willing to correct our mistakes, we can not be held responsible for measuring errors or if the color is not what you expected (we strongly encourage ordering a sample before buying). Before ...
Not What You Ordered: While we would like to claim that we are perfect.... we are also human, so occasionally the wrong size or style will be shipped. You will notice that the boxes are very similar in size and shape, so it is important that you check your order before opening the boxes. The size and style is located on the sides of the boxes. If you happen to receive the wrong size or style kitchen cabinet or bathroom vanity, please contact us within 48 hours at (800) 484-0427 and we will do our best to expedite you the correct size or style. If you had your items shipped by carrier we may request to have that same OR different carrier return the items. If you picked your products up at our location you are required to return them to our location.. Ordered the Wrong Size/Style: While we are more than willing to correct our mistakes, we can not be held responsible for measuring errors or if the color is not what you expected (we strongly encourage ordering a sample before buying). Before ...
Hi moms! I am looking for advice. I have a 9 week old baby who is about 10 pounds. I have the baby ktan which I bought after researching different carriers and thought it would be ideal. However, Im finding it to be super warm in there (I live in California) and also not that easy to get on and off....
To make a CDMA cell phone work with a different carrier the PRL file must be replaced. Generally there are 3 steps to this process. 1. Read or Know SPC: Thi
Description: Subject matter wherein the enzyme or microbial cell is bonded to the polymeric carrier through an intermediate compound which attaches to both the enzyme and the carrier ...
One way to find clinics for free drug screening is through UniteForSight.com. Its also possible to visit a free or low-cost health care clinic and get screened for drugs....
Does anyone know of a website that I can get the specs to see what carrier systems are matched to achieve 12 seer. For instance with a 38YRA030 would I have to up size air handler to get 12 seers?
Does anyone know of a website that I can get the specs to see what carrier systems are matched to achieve 12 seer. For instance with a 38YRA030 would I have to up size air handler to get 12 seers?
Ketofin Free is a medicine available in a number of countries worldwide. A list of US medications equivalent to Ketofin Free is available on the Drugs.com website.
Plants are natures remedies and have been used by human beings on earth since ancient times for food and medicine. Today there are global movements towards finding of herbal medicaments in plants to bring them in market via a suitable drug delivery system for mankind. The basic thought behind it is treatment of each disease is hidden in nature. However, delivery of herbal drugs also requires modification with the purpose to achieve sustain release, to increase patient compliance etc. previously herbal drugs could not attract scientists towards the modifications of novel drug delivery systems due to processing, standardizing, extracting and identification difficulties. But now days with the advancement in the technology, novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) open the door towards the development of herbal novel drug delivery system. With use of advance techniques protection from toxicity, enhancement in stability, improved bioavailability of herbal formulations, protection from physical and ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: A Potential Approach for Dermal Drug Delivery. AU - Kakadia, Partibha. AU - Conway, Barbara. PY - 2014. Y1 - 2014. N2 - Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have attracted increasing attention during recent years. Due to their unique size dependent properties, lipid nanoparticles offer possibilities to develop new therapeutics. The ability to incorporate drugs into nanoparticles offers a new prototype in drug delivery thus realizing the dual goal of both controlled release and site-specific drug delivery. Drug delivery to the skin is widely used for local and systemic delivery and has potential to be improved by application of nanoparticulate formulations. If investigated appropriately, solid lipid nanoparticles may open new opportunities in therapy of complex diseases which is difficult to treat.. AB - Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have attracted increasing attention during recent years. Due to their unique size dependent properties, lipid nanoparticles ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Scalable manufacturing processes for solid lipid nanoparticles. AU - Anderluzzi, Giulia. AU - Lou Ramirez, Gustavo. AU - Su, Yang. AU - Perrie, Yvonne. PY - 2019/11/30. Y1 - 2019/11/30. N2 - Solid lipid nanoparticles offer a range of advantages as delivery systems, but they are limited by effective manufacturing processes. Within this study we outline a high-throughput and scalable manufacturing process for solid lipid nanoparticles. The solid lipid nanoparticles were formulated from a combination of Tristearin and 1,2-Distearoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine-methyl-polyethyleneglycol conjugate-2000 and manufactured using the M-110P Microfluidizer® processor (Microfluidics Inc, Westwood, Massachusetts, US). The manufacturing process was optimized in terms of the number of process cycles (1 to 5) and of process pressure change (20,000, 25,000 and 30,000 psi). The solid lipid nanoparticles were purified using tangential flow filtration, and they were characterized in terms of their ...
The latest market report published by Credence Research, Inc. Global Pulmonary Drug Delivery Devices Market - Growth, Share, Opportunities, Competitive Analysis, and Forecast, 2017 - 2025, the Pulmonary Drug Delivery Devices market was valued at USD 134.6 Bn in 2016, and is expected to reach USD 218.6 Bn by 2025, expanding at a CAGR of 5.4% from 2017 to 2025.. Browse the full report Pulmonary Drug Delivery Devices Market - Growth, Share, Opportunities, Competitive Analysis, and Forecast, 2017 - 2025 at http://www.credenceresearch.com/report/pulmonary-drug-delivery-devices-market. Market Insights. Increasing demand for noninvasive drug administration for respiratory diseases through pulmonary route is expected to boost the market of such devices. According to market experts the efficiency of pulmonary drug delivery devices is high because lungs possess ability to provide large absorptive surface area (up to 100 m2 ) but extremely thin (0.1 µm - 0.2 µm) absorptive mucosal membrane and ample ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Controlled Drug Delivery Carrier of Nifedipine Using Biodegradable Microcapsule Polymer from Poly (D,L-Lactic Acid) and Polyethylene Glycol. AU - Lestari, P. P.. AU - Budianto, E.. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2021/1/27. Y1 - 2021/1/27. N2 - Biodegradable microcapsules as a controlled drug delivery carrier of Nifedipine was prepared from poly (D,L-lactic acid) (D,L-PLA) and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG). Nifedipine works by blocking the amount of calcium that goes to cells in the heart and blood vessels. Nifedipine is used in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. The microcapsules was formed by using o/w emulsification method. The core of microcapsules consist of polyblend of D,L-PLA and PEG. D,L-PLA and PEG are dissolved into dichloromethane than emulsified with nifedipine and dispersed into water to form microcapsules. PEG with different molecular weights ...
Market experts suggest that, There is a continuous growth in the market of drug delivery systems and will continue to grow at an impressive rate in future also. The novel drug delivery technologies enable to formulate the novel drug delivery devices by incorporating the drug molecules into new delivery systems, thus providing numerous therapeutic and commercial advantages. It was observed that NDDS market was segmented on the basis of route of administration, type of carrier and geographical region. In route of administration segment, injectable drug delivery system was observed as the largest market in 2015 followed by oral drug delivery system. Injectable drug delivery system comprises of several benefits over other dosage forms in cases such as unconsciousness, nausea, in emergency clinical episodes. The injectable administration route is the most common and efficient for delivery of active drug substances with poor bio-availability and the drugs with a narrow therapeutic index. On the basis ...
The Center for Business Intelligence (CBI) Summit on Novel Drug Delivery Strategies will convene industry leaders in the drug delivery, business development, lifecycle management and the commercialization arena to discuss the growing drug delivery market. The conference will examine the effects of incorporating a novel drug delivery system into the product lifecycle in early stages of development by assessing markets prior to commercialization.. Novel drug delivery systems are brought to the market through strategic alliances between pharmaceutical, biotech and drug delivery companies. Licensing agreements are an integral part of that process and their complexity varies with the value of the technology and the stage of development it is introduced. On Day 1 of the conference, Foley & Lardner LLP Associate Michael Yamauchi will lead the session, Analyzing Licensing Agreement Strategies through Interactive Mock Case Study Discussions. This executive exchange facilitates open discussion on key ...
TY - GEN. T1 - Synthesis of multi-stimuli responsive drug carriers for selective multiple drug release to tumor microenvironments. AU - Kim, Hyeon Ung. AU - Choi, Dae Gun. AU - Lee, Hyun Jee. AU - Shim, Min Suk. AU - Bong, Ki Wan. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2016R1A5A1010148, ERC).. PY - 2020. Y1 - 2020. N2 - Multi-stimuli responsive drug carriers have been actively researched for controlled drug release in complex tumor microenvironments. In addition to the stimuli responsive drug release, combinatorial chemotherapy is essential to increase therapeutic effects. However, previous studies have shown limitation in the synthesis of multi-compartmental drug carriers that can encapsulate multiple drugs and release each drug in a controlled manner. Here, we report multi-stimuli responsive drug carriers containing pH- and redox-sensitive multicompartments. The drug carriers were created by stop flow lithography that can be used to ...
Adherence is crucial in medical glaucoma therapy, although half of the patients skip eyedrops. In recent years alternative drug-delivery systems have been developed. One of the most promising seems the contact lens (CL). This systematic review aims to present the in vivo efficacy of different CL drug-delivery systems. A total of 126 studies were identified following a literature search adhering to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. After full-text evaluation, 19 studies about CL drug-delivery systems were included. To date, the following drug-delivery systems have been investigated in vivo: drug-soaked CL, CL with physical barriers (vitamin E), molecularly imprinted CL, CL with implants, and nanoparticle-loaded CL. Nanoparticle-loaded CL and CL with implants seem the most promising drug-delivery systems, although initial burst drug release and patient acceptance may limit their widespread use in current practice. Clinical trials are warranted to
In this thesis, the method development and investigation of different liposomal formulations to incorporate and retain Camptothecin (CPT) is described. CPT is a potent anticancer drug that has shown to be active against a broad spectrum of cancers. However, due to its challenging physicochemical properties, like poor water solubility, severe toxic effects to normal tissues and instability, its clinical development has been limited for nearly 40 years. A strategy to overcome CPTs challenging properties is to use liposome-based carrier system. By taking advantage of this carrier system, we may solubilise CPT in the phospholipid bilayer of liposomes, protect it from blood proteins and achieve a selective drug accumulation in tumor tissues or tumor-associated cells by enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR). A good liposome formulation of clinical utility must fulfil two important criteria. The liposomal drug carrier must incorporate CPT in the liposomal bilayer in a relevant therapeutic ...
The global novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) in cancer therapy market size was valued at USD 4.31 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 22.9% during the forecast period. Worldwide increasing incidence of cancer, availability of research funding, increase in awareness about alternative methods for treatment, and favorable reimbursement scenarios in developed nations are some of the key drivers of this market.
Novel Drug Delivery Systems Market Was Valued At USD 165.4 Bn In 2015, And Is Expected To Reach USD 202.5 Bn By 2022, Expanding At A CAGR Of 2.7% From 2016 To 2022
The utility of functional lipids in enhancing the dissolution and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble actives is well known. The use of lipid-based drug delivery systems in pharmaceutical product development is increasing due to the versatility of functional lipid excipients and the compatibility of these excipients with liquid, semi-solid, and solid pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Title:Chitosan and its Derivatives as Chemical Drug Delivery Carriers. VOLUME: 22 ISSUE: 7. Author(s):Lei Xing, Lina Du, Cheng-Qiong Luo, Tian-Jiao Zhou, Yong Zhu, Jia-Hui Gong, Yiguang Jin* and Hu-Lin Jiang*. Affiliation:State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing ...
In Vitro-In Vivo Characterization of Oleuropein loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers in the Treatment of Streptococcus pneumoniae induced Meningitis
TY - JOUR. T1 - Influence of chitosan coating on the liposomal surface on physicochemical properties and the release profile of nanocarrier systems. AU - Bang, S. H.. AU - Hwang, I. C.. AU - Yu, Y. M.. AU - Kwon, H. R.. AU - Kim, D. H.. AU - Park, H. J.. N1 - Funding Information: This study was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry project, Republic of Korea.. PY - 2011/11. Y1 - 2011/11. N2 - Chitosan-coated nanoliposomes containing etofenprox or alpha-cypermethrin prepared by ultrasonic homogenization maintained a size distribution in the nanometre range. Nanoliposomes were constructed using different types and concentrations of chitosan to regulate the mean size and surface charge. As the chitosan concentration (0.10.5%, w/v) and the degree of deacetylation increased, surface charge also increased. The encapsulation efficiency and release profile were measured by gas chromatography. Encapsulation efficiency decreased slightly as chitosan concentration increased ...
PCS and AFM analyses were carried out in order to characterize size and size distribution, surface properties, and shape of nanoparticles. The analyses showed that the produced nanoparticles have almost spherical shape, and they are formed with desirable surface morphology (they have very smooth surface). In addition, it was turned out that egg albumin nanoparticles had a mean size of less than 100 nm. The simple coacervation method was considered an appropriate method for the production of this type of nanoparticles. Therefore, egg albumin nanoparticles can be considered very good candidates to be used as drug and food nano-carriers ...
Transfersomes: a novel vesicular carrier for enhanced transdermal delivery of sertraline: development, characterization, and performance evaluation. Filed
Research in novel drug delivery systems is being explored competitively in order to attain maximum therapeutic effect while minimizing the adverse effects. Despite several advancements in pharmaceutical formulations, one of the major challenges still persisting is sustained drug release. Microencapsulation enacts as an intelligent approach with a strong therapeutic impact and is in demand globally in medical technology due to its specific and attractive properties, including biocompatibility, stability, target specificity, uniform encapsulation, better compliance, and controlled and sustained release patterns that are responsible for diminishing the toxicity and dosage frequency. Microparticles are successful delivery systems that encapsulate both water-insoluble and sparingly water-soluble agents to elicit their efficacy with a great potential attributed to their unique properties: particle size, shape, structure, drug loading, entrapment efficiency, porosity, and release profile. Several ...
Glycol chitosan (GC) and its derivatives have been extensively investigated as safe and effective drug delivery carriers because of their unique physiochemical and biological properties. The reactive functional groups such as the amine and hydroxyl groups on the GC backbone allow for easy chemical modification with various chemical compounds (e.g., hydrophobic molecules, crosslinkers, and acid-sensitive and labile molecules), and the versatility in chemical modifications enables production of a wide range of GC-based drug carriers. This review summarizes the versatile chemical modification methods that can be used to design GC-based drug carriers and describes their recent applications in disease therapy.
Niosomes are non-ionic surfactant based liposomes. Niosomes, the novel drug delivery system are self assembled vesicles primarily of synthetic surfactant incorporated with cholesterol as an excipient. They are the vesicles formed by hydrating the cholesterol and non-ionic surfactant. The main aim of niosome includes use of drug in efficient manner which includes reduced dose, reduced side effect, reduced dosage frequency, greater patient compliance and maximum concentration at the site of action so, that under exposure to the entire body. It includes higher therapeutic efficiency and reduced side effect. Niosomes are thought to be the better candidates drug delivery system due to the various factor like cost, stability, etc. various types of drug delivery is possible using niosomes like targetting drug action, ophthalmic, topical, parenteral, etc. Drug delivery potential of niosomes can be enhanced by using novel concept like proniosomes, discomes and aspasomes. Niosomes serves better aid in ...
Background: Recently, applications of albumin nanoparticles as drug delivery carriers have increased. Most toxicology studies have shown that surface chemistry and size of nanoparticles play an important role in biocompatibility and toxicity. Objective: The effect of desolvating agents with different chemical properties on the size of synthesized HSA NPs was investigated. Materials and Methods: Acetone, ethanol, methanol, and acetonitrile were used to synthesize HSA NPs with controllable size by desolvation method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and circular dichroism (CD) were employed to characterize produced particles. Finally, the toxicity of HSA NPs synthesized under different conditions was evaluated on PC-12 cells. Results: The sizes of synthesized particles differed according to the different solvents used. The sizes were 275.3 nm, 155.3 nm, 100.11 nm, and 66.2 nm for acetonitrile, ethanol, acetone, and methanol, respectively. CD showed that larger NPs had
Targeted delivery of drug molecules to tumor tissue is one of the most interesting and challenging endeavors faced in pharmaceutical field, due to the critical and pharmacokinetically specific environment that exists in tumor. Over these years, cancer targeting treatment has been greatly improved by new tools and approaches based on nanotechnology. The review firstly introduces the specific physical and chemical properties of a serial of nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, and nanofibers. It then places great emphasis on their application in the field of cancer therapy when they are used as nanocarrier systems. Based on the current status, the paper further discusses the unsolved problems and makes a perspective for the future prospects of the nanocarrier systems.
Low molecular weight heparin-modified isoliquiritigenin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle (LMWH-ISL-SLN) was developed for injective application. The morphological observation, particle diameter and zeta potential of LMWH-ISL-SLN were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and a Malvern Zetasizer. Its entrapment efficiency (EE) and drug loading (DL) were determined by ultracentrifuge. The in vitro release experiments were performed by dialysis technique. The cytotoxic effects of LMWH-ISL-SLN on Hep-G2 cell lines were determined using an MTT assay. Pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies were conducted in kunming mice after intravenous administration of LMWH-ISL-SLN. The average drug entrapment efficiency for LMWH-ISL-SLN was (99.80 ± 3.27) %, drug loading was (18.68 ± 1.51) %, mean particle size was (217.53 ± 4.86) nm and zeta potential was (-18.24 ± 2.47) mV. The in vitro release experiments demonstrated isoliquiritigenin release from LMWH-ISL-SLN was in line with Weibull
0035] It will be understood that the haptens of the current invention may be attached to the antigenicity-conferring carrier material (accm) via a crosslinking group. The crosslinking group may be any conventional cross linking group conventionally used in this field. The crosslinking group is ideally a functionalised linking group joining the accm to the hapten. The term crosslinking group as used herein is any bifunctional molecule able to covalently join the hapten element to an immunogenicity conferring carrier material. A suitable crosslinking group to link with alternative carrier materials is maleimide, or a maleimide derivative, for example when BTG-maleimide is used to conjugate with the hapten via a cysteine residue. Other cross-linking groups which could also couple this group on the cysteine include haloacetyls and pyridyldisulfides. Either Lys residue, or the Glu residue (C-terminal) may alternatively be used to conjugate to a carrier material, optionally via a cross-linking ...
Results: Optimized NLCs loaded with TA were exhibited spherical shape with particle size 286.1 nm, polydispersity index 0.317, zeta potential-21.9 mV and entrapment efficiency 86.19% respectively. The result of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that drug was dispersed in NLCs in a crystalline state. In vitro release studies revealed that drug release of optimized batch was 8.34 % and 88.84% at 1h and 8h respectively. The release kinetics of the optimized NLCs best fitted the peppas-korsmeyer model. Furthermore, morphological investigations by SEM showed that optimized batch exhibit a spherical shape and a smooth surface. ...
Liposomes which substantially avoid uptake into the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), termed Stealth liposomes, have recently been formulated (Allen, T.M. and Chonn, A., (1987) FEBS Lett. 223, 42-46). The pharmacokinetics of stealth liposomes as a function of liposome dose and a comparison to conv …
Formation of hollow microspheres by emulsion-solventdiffusion & evaporation process.Vol. 28, Iss. 2, Gastro-Retentive Floating Drug Delivery Systems: A Critical Review. ...
Formation of hollow microspheres by emulsion-solventdiffusion & evaporation process.Vol. 28, Iss. 2, Gastro-Retentive Floating Drug Delivery Systems: A Critical Review. ...
Formation of hollow microspheres by emulsion-solventdiffusion & evaporation process.Vol. 28, Iss. 2, Gastro-Retentive Floating Drug Delivery Systems: A Critical Review. ...
Cheng, Y.; Xu, Z; Ma, M.; Xu, T. (2007). "Dendrimers as drug carriers: Applications in different routes of drug administration ... "Dendrimers as Potential Drug Carriers. Part I. Solubilization of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in the Presence of ... D'Emanuele, A; Attwood, D (2005). "Dendrimer-drug interactions". Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. 57 (15): 2147-2162. doi: ... for each drug in different environments. The data indicated that the binding stoichiometry of the drug with the membrane was 1: ...
Lagzi, István (2013). "Chemical Robotics-Chemotactic Drug Carriers". Central European Journal of Medicine. 8 (4): 377-382. doi: ... Applications include targeted delivery of drugs in the body. More recently, enzyme molecules have also shown positive ...
ISBN 978-0-12-821900-3. Maiti, Sabyasachi; Jana, Sougata (2019-06-14). Polysaccharide Carriers for Drug Delivery. Woodhead ...
Ajima, K; Yudasaka M; Murakami T; Maigné A; Shiba K; Iijima S (2005). "Carbon Nanohorns as Anticancer Drug Carriers". Mol. ... 2008). "Single wall carbon nanohorn as a drug carrier for controlled release". Chem. Phys. Lett. 461 (4-6): 189-192. Bibcode: ... 2008). "Water-dispersed single-wall carbon nanohorns as drug carriers for local cancer chemotherapy". Nanomedicine. 3 (4): 453- ... 2005). "Carbon Nanohorns as Anticancer Drug Carriers". Molecular Pharmaceutics. 2 (6): 475-480. doi:10.1021/mp0500566. PMID ...
This useful structure allows them to act as drug carriers in the body, as long as the compounds to be delivered have compatible ... Cyclodextrin nanosponges were not discovered to have potential in being drug carriers until work done by Trotta and colleagues ... Trotta, Francesco; Zanetti, Marco; Cavalli, Roberta (2012-11-29). "Cyclodextrin-based nanosponges as drug carriers". Beilstein ... Although nanosponges are one three-thousandth the size of red blood cells, they each can carry thousands of drug molecules. ...
... is almost insoluble ... Spernath, A.; Aserin, A. (2006). "Microemulsions as carriers for drugs and nutraceuticals". ... Chopra's Indigenous Drugs of India (2nd ed.). Academic Publishers. pp. 178-179. ISBN 978-81-85086-80-4. Ashurst, Philip R. ( ...
GRN 000046, gamma-cyclodextrin Uekama, Kaneto; Hirayama, Fumitoshi; Irie, Tetsumi (1998). "Cyclodextrin Drug Carrier Systems". ... Cyclodextrins were also shown to enhance mucosal penetration of drugs. β-cyclodextrins are used to produce stationary phase ... They are used in food, pharmaceutical, drug delivery, and chemical industries, as well as agriculture and environmental ... The cyclodextrin confers solubility and stability to these drugs. The inclusion compounds of cyclodextrins with hydrophobic ...
"Puerto Rico Enlists Mail Carriers in Drug War". The Beaver County Times. June 23, 1993. Retrieved January 12, 2018. "DEA ... Though recreational drug use was uncommon in Puerto Rico in the 1950s, it markedly increased in the 1960s. By the following ... Illegal drugs are routed from Venezuela and the Dominican Republic, continue through Puerto Rico and on to Newark, New Jersey, ... The 27-year-old was punched, injected with drugs, tied to heavy stones, thrown over a bridge into a river and then shot at. The ...
"Large porous carriers of nanoparticles for drug delivery". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 99 (19): 12001- ... Drug Delivery VI: 187-192. Wang, J.; Ben-Jebria, A.; Edwards, D.A. (1999). "Inhalation of estradiol for sustained systemic ... In 1997, Science published his study on a new type of inhalable aerosol that efficiently delivered drugs to the lungs. Edwards ... Edwards' scientific work in biomedical engineering concerns the research and development of drug delivery platforms for ...
Li, Cuixia; Obireddy, Sreekanth Reddy; Lai, Wing-Fu (2021-01-01). "Preparation and use of nanogels as carriers of drugs". Drug ... To repair and regenerate damaged tissue, nanogels have been explored to not only encapsulate drugs and growth factors for local ... These complex networks of polymers present a unique opportunity in the field of drug delivery at the intersection of ... Vinogradov, Serguei V (2010). "Nanogels in the race for drug delivery". Nanomedicine. 5 (2): 165-8. doi:10.2217/nnm.09.103. ...
Wei, Hao; Hu (2021). "Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: magnetic nanoplatforms as drug carriers". International ... Wahajuddin; Arora, Sumit (2012-07-06). "Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: magnetic nanoplatforms as drug carriers". ... Wahajuddin; Arora, Sumit (2012). "Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: magnetic nanoplatforms as drug carriers". ... Wahajuddin; Arora, Sumit (2012). "Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: magnetic nanoplatforms as drug carriers". ...
Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 5 (1): 21-67. PMID 3293807. (Protein pages needing a picture, Wikipedia articles needing ... Drug delivery is another application that utilizes BSM coatings. Drug delivery systems employ pharmaceutical products within ... The behavior of BSM and drugs is investigated to ensure that one element does not disrupt the function of the other. Coatings ... These compartments are composed of hydrophilic polymers that enable the release of a particular drug at a specified rate and ...
Ulbrich K, Subr V (February 2010). "Structural and chemical aspects of HPMA copolymers as drug carriers". Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev ... The concept of using pHPMA as polymeric drug carriers has opened a new perspective in modern pharmaceutical science, and ... Thus, it is frequently used as macromolecular carrier for low molecular weight drugs (especially anti-cancer chemotherapeutic ... Drug Deliv. Rev. 62 (2): 122-49. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2009.10.004. PMC 2836498. PMID 19919846. Vasey PA, Kaye SB, Morrison R, ...
Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems. 26 (4): 333-372. doi:10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.v26.i4.10. PMID ... A common application for cationic liposomes is cancer drug delivery. In the 1960s, Alec D. Bangham discovered liposomes as ... Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. Advanced Liposome Research. 154-155: 102-122. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.002. PMID 32650041. ...
"Lipid-based nanoparticles as pharmaceutical drug carriers: from concepts to clinic". Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug ... It can be used to prepare lipid nanoparticles which are used in mRNA vaccines, In particular, it forms part of the drug ... Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 29 June 2022. (Chemical articles with multiple compound IDs, Multiple chemicals in an ... Carrier Systems. 26 (6): 523-80. doi:10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.v26.i6.10. PMC 2885142. PMID 20402623. Salvatori G, ...
Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems. 30 (1): 1-49. doi:10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2013005469. PMID ... "Antiviral drug". TheFreeDictionary.com. Retrieved 2021-04-14. Dolgin E (April 2021). "The race for antiviral drugs to beat ... Overall, the notion of virucide differs from an antiviral drug such as Aciclovir, which inhibits the proliferation of the virus ... Best M, Springthorpe VS, Sattar SA (June 1994). "Feasibility of a combined carrier test for disinfectants: studies with a ...
Khandare JJ, Minko T (2006). "Antibodies and peptides in cancer therapy". Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems ... Technology Insight: cytotoxic drug immunoconjugates for cancer therapy. 2007 looks useful from the abstract. Targeted Therapy ... and to develop monoclonal antibody therapy as a targeted form of chemotherapy when they are often known as antibody-drug ... Antineoplastic drugs, All stub articles, Immunology stubs). ...
Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems. 17 (5): 509-555. doi:10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.v17.i5.30. ISSN ... Hussain, Alamdar; Ahsan, Fakhrul (2005-03-21). "The vagina as a route for systemic drug delivery". Journal of Controlled ... Woolfson, A. David; Malcolm, R. Karl; Gallagher, Rory (2000-01-01). "Drug Delivery by the Intravaginal Route". ... "Why consider vaginal drug administration?". Fertility and Sterility. 82 (1): 1-12. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.01.025. ISSN ...
Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems. 21 (4): 257-317. doi:10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.v21.i4.10. PMID ...
Impact of Therapeutic Carrier Systems and Gemcitabine's Drug Conjugates on Cancer Therapy". Critical Reviews in Therapeutic ... As of 2014, drug interactions had not been studied. Gemcitabine is a chemotherapy drug that works by killing any cells that are ... "Drug Formulary/Drugs/ gemcitabine - Provider Monograph". Cancer Care Ontario. Retrieved 6 December 2020. National Cancer ... Li Y, Li P, Li Y, Zhang R, Yu P, Ma Z, Kainov DE, de Man RA, Peppelenbosch MP, Pan Q (December 2020). "Drug screening ...
Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems. 24 (6): 493-545. doi:10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.v24.i6.10. PMID ... Risks for developing osteomyelitis include diabetes, intravenous drug use, prior removal of the spleen, and trauma to the area ... When adults are affected, it may be because of compromised host resistance due to debilitation, intravenous drug abuse, ... Local and sustained availability of drugs have proven to be more effective in achieving prophylactic and therapeutic outcomes. ...
Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems. 30 (5): 435-467. doi:10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2013007419. ISSN ... Saxena, Aaruni; Balaramnavar, Vishal M.; Hohlfeld, Thomas; Saxena, Anil K. (2013-12-05). "Drug/drug interaction of common ... Prostaglandin inhibitors are drugs that inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandin in human body. There are various types of ... Pharmacodynamics refers to the study of how the drugs exert their actions in human body. NSAIDs inhibits the synthesis of ...
... drug carriers are also able to target specific cells. This can be done by manufacturing a material to bond to ... Materials used in drug delivery in the past ten years have primarily been polymers. However, nanotechnology has opened the door ... Polymers also tend to swell in liquid which can cause an unwanted burst of drugs. The lack of swelling shown by most ceramics ... The large surface area to volume ratio of nanophase materials makes it possible for large amounts of drugs to be released over ...
These water-soluble can be applied into drug or gene carriers. There are two main advantages for polyrotaxanes applied to drug/ ... The drastic structural change can be used for programmed drug or gene delivery, in which the drug or gene can be released with ... The drastic structural change can be used for programmed drug or gene delivery, of which drug or gene can be released with the ... rotaxanes and capsulated drugs/genes and provides the carriers with other predetermined functions. As the network is further ...
Cevc, G (2004). "Lipid vesicles and other colloids as drug carriers on the skin". Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. 56 (5): 675- ... In addition to gene and drug delivery applications, liposomes can be used as carriers for the delivery of dyes to textiles, ... the drug will also be neutralized, allowing it to freely pass through a membrane. These liposomes work to deliver drug by ... that does not apply to nutrients and drug delivery. By preparing liposomes in a solution of DNA or drugs (which would normally ...
... in better availability and controlled drug delivery by restricting the drug effects to target cells in targeted carriers and ... treatment leishmaniasis treatment delivery of peptide drugs studying immune response carriers for haemoglobin transdermal drug ... "Carriers/vesicles based approaches for penetration enhancement in transdermal drug delivery". Latest Review. 8 (1): 1-5. US ... for hydrophilic drugs) or in a vesicular membrane made of lipid material (for lipophilic drugs). Niosomes are lamellar ...
"Nanostructures by self-assembling peptide amphiphile as potential selective drug carriers". Biopolymers. 88 (2): 115-21. doi: ... Tu RS, Tirrell M (September 2004). "Bottom-up design of biomimetic assemblies". Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. 56 (11): 1537- ... and can be utilised to act as therapeutic agents to treat diseases by transporting drugs across membranes to specific sites. ... Self-Assembled Platform for Nanoscale Drug Delivery Applications". ACS Applied Bio Materials. 1 (6): 1830-41. doi:10.1021/ ...
... in addition to carriers of anti-cancer drugs to diseased tissue and bone morphogenetic protein 2. She also demonstrated the ... Combining carrier erosion and hindered drug diffusion for predicting release kinetics". Acta Biomaterialia. 9 (9): 8346-8353. ... "Mechanism of erosion of nanostructured porous silicon drug carriers in neoplastic tissues". Nature Communications. 6 (1): 6208 ... Segal and her research team engineered porous silicon carriers containing nerve growth factor for delivery to the brain in ...
Gold nanoparticles are being investigated as carriers for drugs such as Paclitaxel. The administration of hydrophobic drugs ... Nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery is feasible only if the drug distribution is otherwise inadequate. These cases include drug ... Also, the drug release and particle disintegration can vary depending on the system (e.g. biodegradable polymers sensitive to ... Gratton SE, Pohlhaus PD, Lee J, Guo J, Cho MJ, Desimone JM (August 2007). "Nanofabricated particles for engineered drug ...
Kali, G; Haddadzadegan, S; Laffleur, F; Bernkop-Schnürch, A (2023). "Per-thiolated cyclodextrins: Nanosized drug carriers ... A game changing approach for oral administration of hydrophilic macromolecular drugs". Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 142: 91-101. doi: ... Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch is a leading scientist of multifunctional polymers in the field of drug delivery, therapy and tissue ... Grassiri, B; Zambito, Y; Bernkop-Schnürch, A (2021). "Strategies to prolong the residence time of drug delivery systems on ...
"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 18 (4): 261-279. doi:10.1038/nrd.2017.243. PMC 5906799. PMID 29326426.. ... COVID-19 has killed more than four million people around the world.[10][11] Some infected people are asymptomatic carriers, ... "Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 19 (5): 305-306. doi:10.1038/d41573-020-00073-5. PMID 32273591. S2CID 215727248.. ... the United States Food and Drug Administration allowed doctors to give hydroxychloroquine and another drug called chloroquine ...
The station is however forbidden from promoting alcohol or drug use. The station uses the tag line "Your Big, Little Station" ... closed circuit or carrier current systems, often to on-campus listeners only. Some radio stations are distributed through the ... or presents or depicts or suggests as desirable the misuse of drugs, alcohol, narcotics, and tobacco. ...
Another way to understand the action is to see that the free charge carriers (electrons) in the metal sheet are moving to the ... When it moves past the stationary magnet, the magnet exerts a drag force on the metal which opposes its motion, due to circular ... Unlike friction brakes, where the drag force that stops the moving object is provided by friction between two surfaces pressed ... The mobile charge carriers in the metal, the electrons, actually have a negative charge, so their motion is opposite in ...
The death penalty is in use for serious crimes such as murder, terrorism, drug trafficking, and kidnapping,[150][151] but in ... Malaysia's flag carrier is Malaysia Airlines, providing international and domestic air services.[215] ...
He invadit Panama an aa, tae remuive its dictator Manuel Noriega wha wis guilty o drug traffickin. ... Fast Carrier Task Force. Battles/wars. Warld War II. Bush wis born in Milton, Massachusetts tae US senator Prescott Bush, He ...
"The iPhone 7's Dead Headphone Jack and AirPods Are Being Dragged All Over Twitter". ... Setelah carrier T-Mobile mengumumkan bahwa konsumen bisa mendapatkan entry-level iPhone 7 32 GB model tanpa biaya berdasarkan ...
However, by the end of the war, carrier-based aircraft were becoming more sophisticated, and the need for the SR.A/1 evaporated ... These floats add to the empty weight of the airplane and to the drag coefficient, resulting in reduced payload capacity, slower ...
Deakin in response made personal attacks on Hughes, comparing him to an "ill-bred urchin one saw dragged from a tart shop ... he was listed as a carrier at the time of his son's birth in 1856. By the early 1870s he was working with Cobb & Co. as a ...
Ang pananakop pinatuyo ekonomiyang mga resources at dragged sa pagkamit nang walang makabuluhang pampolitika resulta. Huli ang ... Aircraft carrier na "Admiral kuznetsov" ng hukbong dagat ng Rusya. PagkakahatiBaguhin. *Adygea ...
Some months after, dragged to the gibbet at the tail of a mule, the black met his voiceless end. The body was burned to ashes; ... During his visit aboard the slave carrier, Hershel Parker observes that Delano "repeats a pattern of suspicions-followed-by- ...
Carriers. *The Carter. *Case 39. *Celda 211. *Children of the Corn (2009) ...
Other drugs for the treatment of CDI are under development and include rifalazil,[132] tigecycline,[132] ramoplanin,[132] ... C. difficile may colonize the human colon without symptom; approximately 2-5% of the adult population are carriers, although it ... "Origin of Adverse Drug Events in U.S. Hospitals, 2011 - Statistical Brief #158". Archived from the original on 7 April 2016. ... Further, reactions to medication may be severe: CDI infections were the most common contributor to adverse drug events seen in ...
"mtvU Adds 2.6 Million Subscribers, Launches on Charter, Verizon FiOS, Suddenlink, AT&T and Nearly 70 Other Carriers Nationwide" ... ABC's March Against Drugs Campaign / Comic Relief USA / Jac Venza (1997) ...
U.S. Navy Carrier Fighters of World War II. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications Inc., 1987. ISBN 0-89747-194-6 ... where it was determined that certain factors were contributing to parasitic drag. Based on the tests, improvements were made to ... In 1935, the U.S. Navy issued a requirement for a carrier-based fighter intended to replace the Grumman F3F biplane. The ... By the beginning of the Pacific War, the F2A, by then also known by the popular name 'Buffalo', was passing out of carrier ...
BRCA1 and BRCA2, two important genes whose mutations confer a hugely increased risk of breast cancer on carriers,[75] are both ... Many other drugs for use against other residual DNA repair mechanisms commonly found in cancer are currently under ... Perhaps the most well-known of these 'synthetic lethality' drugs is the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitor ... olaparib, which was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2015 for the treatment in women of BRCA-defective ovarian ...
It is estimated that about 30% of the modern drugs' cellular targets are GPCRs."[15] The human genome encodes roughly 800[16] G ... "for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment" targeting GPCRs. ... Acyl carrier protein. *Adaptor protein. *Cholesterylester transfer protein. *F-box protein. *GTP-binding protein ... protein-coupled receptors, which detect photons of light, hormones, growth factors, drugs, and other endogenous ligands. ...
Ang pananakop pinatuyo ekonomiyang mga resources at dragged sa pagkamit nang walang makabuluhang pampolitika resulta. Huli ang ... Aircraft carrier na "Admiral kuznetsov" ng hukbong dagat ng Rusya. Pagkakahati[baguhin , baguhin ang source]. *Adygea ...
Geocomposite drain consisting of needle-punched nonwoven filter and carrier geotextiles of polypropylene staple fibers each ... "Melt‐blown and electrospun drug‐loaded polymer fiber mats for dissolution enhancement: A comparative study" (PDF). Journal of ...
The airport is the busiest in the CEMAC area and is the hub for Cameroon's national carrier, Camairco. The airport is in dire ... BeBe Zahara Benet (1980-), drag queen. *Mister Bibal (Samuel Ludwig Salla), (1988-) musician and producer ...
With the path to Hungnam blocked at Funchilin Pass, eight C-119 Flying Boxcars flown by the US 314th Troop Carrier Wing were ... As the Chinese attacks dragged on, the task force became disorganized,[156] and a destroyed truck in the convoy later split the ... since the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing stationed at Yonpo Airfield and five aircraft carriers from the US Navy's Task Force 77 were ...
Consumer Reports; Drug Effectiveness Review Project (Maio de 2012). «Evaluating Prescription Drugs Used to Treat: Alzheimer's ... Bapineuzumab in Patients with Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease/ Apo_e4 Non-carriers». US National Institutes of Health. 29 ... FDA Grants Accelerated Approval for Alzheimer's Drug». Food and Drug Administration. 7 de junho de 2021. Consultado em 7 de ... Drug Discovery. 5 (2): 160-170. PMID 16424917. doi:10.1038/nrd1958. *↑ Areosa Sastre A, McShane R, Sherriff F (2004). « ...
"VIAGRA (SILDENAFIL CITRATE) DRUG". RxList.com. drug information. Retrieved 3 June 2022. Description, user reviews, drug side ... it was decided that the carriers of color blindness have a right of access to wider knowledge, or the full enjoyment of their ... drug information. Archived from the original on 8 July 2014. Retrieved 24 May 2014. Description, user reviews, drug side ... For example, red-green color blindness can be caused by ethambutol, a drug used in the treatment of tuberculosis.[44] Blue- ...
Excellent deep water ports capable of accommodating large VLCC (Very Large Crude Oil Carriers) are located at Charco Azul, ... On February 5, 1988, General Manuel Antonio Noriega was accused of drug trafficking by federal juries in Tampa and Miami. Human ... combat drug trafficking, and secure the neutrality of the Panama Canal as required by the Torrijos-Carter Treaties".[43] The US ... providing revenues from drugs and money laundering. Toward the end of the military dictatorship, a new wave of Chinese migrants ...
... s have been detected as carrier proteins of important pheromones in the nasal mucus of rodents. Major urinary proteins ... Kremer JM, Wilting J, Janssen LH (March 1988). "Drug binding to human alpha-1-acid glycoprotein in health and disease". ... drugs, or food) that, in most people, result in no symptoms. A nomenclature system has been established for antigens (allergens ...
It is the carrier of the copper ion. Its level is increased in infections, rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy, non-Wilson liver ... In Dubin-Johnson syndrome, a mutation in multiple drug-resistance protein 2 (MRP2) causes a rise in conjugated bilirubin.[7] ...
Being a tail-dragging biplane, taxiing also requires care. The pilot cannot see directly ahead, so the lower wing can hit ... On takeoff, the wind over the deck allowed the aircraft to fly, but it was slower than the carrier, which turned hard to ... One became the last biplane to land on an aircraft carrier (HMS Eagle) in the English Channel during the summer of 1967. ...
"AIDS drugs: Are property rights and human rights in conflict?". Financial Times. May 15, 2007.. ... In place of such laws, Epstein argued that "AIDS carriers" ought to have their health insurance premiums subsidized via ... here by requiring citizens to make choices about how much they individually are prepared to pay to subsidize AIDS carriers." ... generic production of AIDS drugs, writing that "disregarding property rights in the name of human rights reduces human welfare ...
Khan, Ikhlas A.; Abourashed, Ehab A. (2010). Leung's Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients: Used in Food, Drugs and ... odor carriers - represent the liquid part of the oil-eleoptene;. *odor fixatives - hard at room temperature and odorless, but ...
Ravina E (2011). The Evolution of Drug Discovery: From Traditional Medicines to Modern Drugs. John Wiley & Sons. p. 24. ISBN ... by diffusing from the inner membrane space as a proton carrier back into the mitochondrial matrix, where it ionizes once again ... "Aspirin information from Drugs.com". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 8 May 2008.. ... "FDA strengthens warning of heart attack and stroke risk for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs". U.S. Food and Drug ...
"U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). April 24, 2020.. *^ Mulier T (June 17, 2020). "Hydroxychloroquine halted in WHO- ... In a 2005 article, Madeleine Cosman argued that illegal immigrants were carriers of disease, and that immigrants and "anchor ... Rush Limbaugh drug charges[edit]. In 2004, AAPS filed a brief on behalf of conservative talk show host Rush Limbaugh in ... "U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). June 15, 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2020.. ...
US airlines fly high while virus drag keeps Japan carriers low. JALs $530m loss more than double Delta, American and United ... carriers bouncing back quickly and Japanese and European peers continuing to bleed red ink. ...
X You are using an unsupported browser. Please upgrade your version in order to view the shoppersdrugmart.ca site.. ...
Ethics of Infection Control Measures for Carriers of Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant Organisms On This Page ... Rump B, Timen A, Hulscher M, Verweij M. Ethics of Infection Control Measures for Carriers of Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant ... Ethics of Infection Control Measures for Carriers of Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant Organisms. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2018 ... The Carrier as a Nondefining Factor in a Slowly Evolving Threat. In all cases analyzed for this study, the individual carrier ...
Records of drug and alcohol program violations will remain in the Clearinghouse for five years, or until the driver has ... All SAPs who work with or plan to work with covered employees under the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration must ... Information maintained in the Clearinghouse will enable employers to identify drivers who commit a drug or alcohol program ... drivers with the necessary tools to identify drivers who are prohibited from operating CMVs due to DOT drug and alcohol program ...
2 billion storm losses drag down carrier stocks. Major insurance companies were among the hardest hit stocks as the broader ...
Accueil Portail numérique Begell Revues spécialisées Critical Reviews™ in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems Comité de rédaction ... Lecturer in Drug Delivery, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF1 0 3XF, UK Email: [email protected] ... Department of Drug Delivery Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto ...
This study evaluates PG as a selective renal drug carrier.Experimental approach: 3H-deoxycytidine-labeled PGs (17 or 41 kDa) ... Keywords: carboxylated polymers, carboxylated polypeptides, carrier, diabetes, renal drug delivery, acute kidney injury, ... supports its role as a potential renal targeting drug carrier. ... has been used widely as a carrier to deliver anticancer ... the model drug 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonyl fluoride hydrochloride (AEBSF) was conjugated to 41 kDa PG to form PG-AEBSF. PG- ...
Fugate joins 56-year-old postal carrier Dennis Bernhard in pleading guilty to charges in the drug ring. Bernhard has pleaded ... Briana Fugate has admitted she carried boxes of drugs shipped to specific addresses and passed them to other members of a drug- ... Federal prosecutors say a 26-year-old western New York postal carrier has pleaded guilty to her role in a drug distribution ... Western New York postal carrier admits to role… Share this:. *Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) ...
A Systems Engineering Approach to Anticancer Drug Carriers. ... Furthermore, drug carriers face additional challenges in their ... and how a drug exerts its therapeutic effect. For the treatment of solid tumors, systemically delivered drug carriers face ... but an alternative approach is to improve the delivery of existing drugs with drug carriers that can manipulate when, where, ... From Composition to Cure: A Systems Engineering Approach to Anticancer Drug Carriers. Journal Article (Review;Journal Article) ...
Amino Acid Solute Carrier Transporters in Inflammation and Autoimmunity. Linlin Sheng, Qi Luo and Ligong Chen ... Amino Acid Solute Carrier Transporters in Inflammation and Autoimmunity Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you ... Solute carriers (SLCs) are a group of membrane channels that can transport amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, ... Thank you for sharing this Drug Metabolism & Disposition article.. NOTE: We request your email address only to inform the ...
Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, ... Research, Technology, Methods , therapeutics , drug delivery systems , drug carriers. Research, Technology, Methods , ... Forms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. ...
When prparing for a jump in costs for drug testing their drivers carriers should make sure that their drug-testing policies and ... Carriers advised to update drug-test practices after rule change. News. Home > News > Carriers advised to update drug-test ... In addition to preparing for a jump in costs for drug testing their drivers, carriers should also be ensuring that their drug- ... The random drug-test increase from 25% to 50% of the average number of a carriers drivers was made public by the Federal Motor ...
5202P Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration Mandated Drug and Alcohol Testing Procedure.pdf, 103.45 KB; (Last Modified on ... 5202P Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration Mandated Drug & Alcohol Testing Program Procedure. ...
Learn more about for-hire carrier regulations, or sign up for a drug test by calling (888)378-2499. ... and adhere to the drug and alcohol testing policy determined under DOT and Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) ... For-hire carriers must obtain a USDOT Number and Operating Authority (MC Number) ... Do for-hire carriers get drug tested? Which tests?. Under DOT and FMCSA drug and alcohol testing regulations, for-hire carriers ...
Water-soluble drug; Encapsulation; Layer-by-layer assembly; Title: Smart polyelectrolyte microcapsules as carriers for water- ... Smart polyelectrolyte microcapsules as carriers for water-soluble small molecular drug Song, W. X., He, Q., Möhwald, H., Yang, ... microcapsules as carriers for water-soluble small molecular drug. Journal of Controlled Release, 139(2), 160-166. doi:10.1016/j ... Free keywords: Smart capsule; Water-soluble drug; Encapsulation; Layer-by-layer assembly ...
Liposomes as drug carriers : recent trends and progress / edited by Gregory Gregoriadis. Contributor(s): Gregoriadis, Gregory ...
Carriers must continue to randomly drug test 25 percent of drivers in 2017…. ...
Carriers continue calling South Koreas Busan as truckers strike drags on. International Ports. ... Wilhelmsen ASA, Worlds Biggest Ro-Ro Carrier, Posts Lower Profit. JOC Maritime News International Freight Shipping Wilh. ...
Development of novel drug carrier via round window membrane]. * Chemical and physical chitosan hydrogels as prospective ... carriers for drug delivery: a review. * Electrospun PCL Scaffolds as Drug Carrier for Corneal Wound Dressing Using Layer-by- ... Self-dispersing Liquids as Aerosol Drug Carriers. *Study of the Impact of a Targeted Decolonization of S. Aureus Persistent ... Role of stealth lipids in nanomedicine-based drug carriers. * ... Drug target sets for approved compounds * Mesothelioma JU77 ...
Ethics of Infection Control Measures for Carriers of Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant Organisms On This Page ... Rump B, Timen A, Hulscher M, Verweij M. Ethics of Infection Control Measures for Carriers of Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant ... Ethics of Infection Control Measures for Carriers of Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant Organisms. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2018 ... The Carrier as a Nondefining Factor in a Slowly Evolving Threat. In all cases analyzed for this study, the individual carrier ...
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Expanding the Domain of Drug Delivery for HIV Prevention: Exploration of the Transdermal Route 2017 ...
... can be overcome by reducing the dosing frequency of antitubercular drugs (ATD) employing drug carriers. This study reports on ... Lung specific stealth liposomes as antitubercular drug carriers in guinea pigs.. Authors: Pandey, Rajesh. Sharma, Sadhna. ... Lung specific stealth liposomes as antitubercular drug carriers in guinea pigs. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 2004 ... of 35-81 hr and organ drug levels up to day 7. The relative bioavailability (as compared to oral free drugs) was increased by ...
... CORTESI, Rita. Primo. ;ESPOSITO, Elisabetta. Secondo. ; ... co-drugs (PD), named PDA (3,4-diacetyloxy-LD-caffeic acid co-drug), PDB (lipoic aciddopamine co-drug), PDC (lipoic acid-3,4- ... co-drugs (PD), named PDA (3,4-diacetyloxy-LD-caffeic acid co-drug), PDB (lipoic aciddopamine co-drug), PDC (lipoic acid-3,4- ... diacetoxy-dopamine co-drug), and PDD(dimeric LDco-drug containing an alkyl linker),with therapeutic potential in Parkinsons ...
You are here: Home1 / PRODUCTS2 / PLASTIC MEDIUM SERIES3 / 43Medium Series4 / 43X100 Closed Design Cable carrier ...
Dive into the research topics of The rationale for peptide drug delivery to the colon and the potential of polymeric carriers ... The rationale for peptide drug delivery to the colon and the potential of polymeric carriers as effective tools. ...
Effect of carrier shape and texture on drug availability of aerosolised particles. Robertson, D. L. N. (Author). 13 May 1998 ... Effect of carrier shape and texture on drug availability of aerosolised particles ...

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