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DithiothreitolReducing AgentsSulfhydryl ReagentsSulfhydryl CompoundsDisulfidesOxidation-ReductionMercaptoethanolCysteineEthylmaleimideKineticsDithionitrobenzoic AcidDiamideGlutathioneIodobenzoatesEnzyme ReactivatorsMolecular WeightHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelIodoacetamideThioredoxinsChloromercuribenzoatesHydroxymercuribenzoatesThimerosalDithioerythritolEdetic AcidGlutathione DisulfideChromatography, GelSubstrate SpecificityHydrogen PeroxideAmino Acid SequenceMolecular Sequence DataEnzyme ActivationCattleMacromolecular SubstancesDimercaprolEscherichia colip-Chloromercuribenzoic AcidS-NitrosoglutathioneOxidantsCystamineIodoacetatesProtein ConformationPhosphorous AcidsTemperatureAmino AcidsAdenosine TriphosphateHot TemperatureBinding SitesChromatography, Ion ExchangeTrypsinRabbitsCystineNADPChromatography, High Pressure LiquidCations, DivalentNitroso CompoundsChromatography, AffinityMagnesiumCalciumLiverChloroplast ThioredoxinsAffinity LabelsAlkylationCross-Linking ReagentsIsomerasesChemistryPeroxidesCytosolProtein FoldingEnzyme StabilityChemical PhenomenaProtein Disulfide-IsomerasesCell MembraneOxidoreductasesRecombinant ProteinsMersalylDetergentsProtein BindingIsoelectric FocusingRats, Inbred StrainsNADProtein DenaturationNitric Oxide DonorsSolubilityPeroxidasesChromatographySperm HeadPlants4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate
Dithiothreitol
A reagent commonly used in biochemical studies as a protective agent to prevent the oxidation of SH (thiol) groups and for reducing disulphides to dithiols.
Reducing Agents
Materials that add an electron to an element or compound, that is, decrease the positiveness of its valence. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
Sulfhydryl Reagents
Chemical agents that react with SH groups. This is a chemically diverse group that is used for a variety of purposes. Among these are enzyme inhibition, enzyme reactivation or protection, and labelling.
Sulfhydryl Compounds
Compounds containing the -SH radical.
Disulfides
Chemical groups containing the covalent disulfide bonds -S-S-. The sulfur atoms can be bound to inorganic or organic moieties.
Oxidation-Reduction
A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).
Mercaptoethanol
Cysteine
A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.
Ethylmaleimide
A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Dithionitrobenzoic Acid
A standard reagent for the determination of reactive sulfhydryl groups by absorbance measurements. It is used primarily for the determination of sulfhydryl and disulfide groups in proteins. The color produced is due to the formation of a thio anion, 3-carboxyl-4-nitrothiophenolate.
Diamide
A sulfhydryl reagent which oxidizes sulfhydryl groups to the disulfide form. It is a radiation-sensitizing agent of anoxic bacterial and mammalian cells.
Glutathione
A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some enzymes, is involved in protein disulfide bond rearrangement and reduces peroxides.
Iodobenzoates
Benzoic acid esters or salts substituted with one or more iodine atoms.
Enzyme Reactivators
Compounds which restore enzymatic activity by removing an inhibitory group bound to the reactive site of the enzyme.
Molecular Weight
The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.
Iodoacetamide
An alkylating sulfhydryl reagent. Its actions are similar to those of iodoacetate.
Thioredoxins
Hydrogen-donating proteins that participates in a variety of biochemical reactions including ribonucleotide reduction and reduction of PEROXIREDOXINS. Thioredoxin is oxidized from a dithiol to a disulfide when acting as a reducing cofactor. The disulfide form is then reduced by NADPH in a reaction catalyzed by THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE.
Chloromercuribenzoates
Chloride and mercury-containing derivatives of benzoic acid.
Hydroxymercuribenzoates
Hydroxylated benzoic acid derivatives that contain mercury. Some of these are used as sulfhydryl reagents in biochemical studies.
Thimerosal
An ethylmercury-sulfidobenzoate that has been used as a preservative in VACCINES; ANTIVENINS; and OINTMENTS. It was formerly used as a topical antiseptic. It degrades to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate.
Dithioerythritol
A compound that, along with its isomer, Cleland's reagent (DITHIOTHREITOL), is used for the protection of sulfhydryl groups against oxidation to disulfides and for the reduction of disulfides to sulfhydryl groups.
Edetic Acid
A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.
Glutathione Disulfide
A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.
Chromatography, Gel
Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.
Substrate Specificity
A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.
Hydrogen Peroxide
A strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials.
Amino Acid Sequence
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Enzyme Activation
Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.
Cattle
Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.
Macromolecular Substances
Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.
Dimercaprol
An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning.
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid
An organic mercurial used as a sulfhydryl reagent.
S-Nitrosoglutathione
A sulfur-containing alkyl thionitrite that is one of the NITRIC OXIDE DONORS.
Oxidants
Electron-accepting molecules in chemical reactions in which electrons are transferred from one molecule to another (OXIDATION-REDUCTION).
Cystamine
A radiation-protective agent that interferes with sulfhydryl enzymes. It may also protect against carbon tetrachloride liver damage.
Iodoacetates
Iodinated derivatives of acetic acid. Iodoacetates are commonly used as alkylating sulfhydryl reagents and enzyme inhibitors in biochemical research.
Protein Conformation
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
Phosphorous Acids
Inorganic derivatives of phosphorus trihydroxide (P(OH)3) and its tautomeric form dihydroxyphosphine oxide (HP=O(OH)2). Note that organic derivatives of phosphonic acids are listed under are ORGANOPHOSPHONATES.
Temperature
The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.
Amino Acids
Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.
Adenosine Triphosphate
An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.
Hot Temperature
Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.
Binding Sites
The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.
Chromatography, Ion Exchange
Separation technique in which the stationary phase consists of ion exchange resins. The resins contain loosely held small ions that easily exchange places with other small ions of like charge present in solutions washed over the resins.
Trypsin
A serine endopeptidase that is formed from TRYPSINOGEN in the pancreas. It is converted into its active form by ENTEROPEPTIDASE in the small intestine. It catalyzes hydrolysis of the carboxyl group of either arginine or lysine. EC 3.4.21.4.
Rabbits
The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.
Cystine
A covalently linked dimeric nonessential amino acid formed by the oxidation of CYSTEINE. Two molecules of cysteine are joined together by a disulfide bridge to form cystine.
NADP
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.
Cations, Divalent
Positively charged atoms, radicals or groups of atoms with a valence of plus 2, which travel to the cathode or negative pole during electrolysis.
Nitroso Compounds
Chromatography, Affinity
A chromatographic technique that utilizes the ability of biological molecules to bind to certain ligands specifically and reversibly. It is used in protein biochemistry. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Magnesium
A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
Calcium
A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.
Liver
A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.
Chloroplast Thioredoxins
A subtype of thioredoxins found primarily in CHLOROPLASTS.
Affinity Labels
Analogs of those substrates or compounds which bind naturally at the active sites of proteins, enzymes, antibodies, steroids, or physiological receptors. These analogs form a stable covalent bond at the binding site, thereby acting as inhibitors of the proteins or steroids.
Alkylation
The covalent bonding of an alkyl group to an organic compound. It can occur by a simple addition reaction or by substitution of another functional group.
Cross-Linking Reagents
Reagents with two reactive groups, usually at opposite ends of the molecule, that are capable of reacting with and thereby forming bridges between side chains of amino acids in proteins; the locations of naturally reactive areas within proteins can thereby be identified; may also be used for other macromolecules, like glycoproteins, nucleic acids, or other.
Isomerases
A class of enzymes that catalyze geometric or structural changes within a molecule to form a single product. The reactions do not involve a net change in the concentrations of compounds other than the substrate and the product.(from Dorland, 28th ed) EC 5.
Chemistry
A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.
Peroxides
A group of compounds that contain a bivalent O-O group, i.e., the oxygen atoms are univalent. They can either be inorganic or organic in nature. Such compounds release atomic (nascent) oxygen readily. Thus they are strong oxidizing agents and fire hazards when in contact with combustible materials, especially under high-temperature conditions. The chief industrial uses of peroxides are as oxidizing agents, bleaching agents, and initiators of polymerization. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)
Cytosol
Intracellular fluid from the cytoplasm after removal of ORGANELLES and other insoluble cytoplasmic components.
Protein Folding
Processes involved in the formation of TERTIARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE.
Enzyme Stability
The extent to which an enzyme retains its structural conformation or its activity when subjected to storage, isolation, and purification or various other physical or chemical manipulations, including proteolytic enzymes and heat.
Chemical Phenomena
The composition, conformation, and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.
Protein Disulfide-Isomerases
Sulfur-sulfur bond isomerases that catalyze the rearrangement of disulfide bonds within proteins during folding. Specific protein disulfide-isomerase isoenzymes also occur as subunits of PROCOLLAGEN-PROLINE DIOXYGENASE.
Cell Membrane
The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Oxidoreductases
The class of all enzymes catalyzing oxidoreduction reactions. The substrate that is oxidized is regarded as a hydrogen donor. The systematic name is based on donor:acceptor oxidoreductase. The recommended name will be dehydrogenase, wherever this is possible; as an alternative, reductase can be used. Oxidase is only used in cases where O2 is the acceptor. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p9)
Recombinant Proteins
Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.
Mersalyl
A toxic thiol mercury salt formerly used as a diuretic. It inhibits various biochemical functions, especially in mitochondria, and is used to study those functions.
Detergents
Purifying or cleansing agents, usually salts of long-chain aliphatic bases or acids, that exert cleansing (oil-dissolving) and antimicrobial effects through a surface action that depends on possessing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties.
Protein Binding
The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.
Isoelectric Focusing
Electrophoresis in which a pH gradient is established in a gel medium and proteins migrate until they reach the site (or focus) at which the pH is equal to their isoelectric point.
Rats, Inbred Strains
Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.
NAD
A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
Protein Denaturation
Disruption of the non-covalent bonds and/or disulfide bonds responsible for maintaining the three-dimensional shape and activity of the native protein.
Nitric Oxide Donors
A diverse group of agents, with unique chemical structures and biochemical requirements, which generate NITRIC OXIDE. These compounds have been used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and the management of acute myocardial infarction, acute and chronic congestive heart failure, and surgical control of blood pressure. (Adv Pharmacol 1995;34:361-81)
Solubility
The ability of a substance to be dissolved, i.e. to form a solution with another substance. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Peroxidases
Chromatography
Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. A mobile phase (fluid or gas) passes through a column containing a stationary phase of porous solid or liquid coated on a solid support. Usage is both analytical for small amounts and preparative for bulk amounts.
Sperm Head
The anterior portion of the spermatozoon (SPERMATOZOA) that contains mainly the nucleus with highly compact CHROMATIN material.
Plants
Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.
4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate
A cytotoxic sulfhydryl reagent that inhibits several subcellular metabolic systems and is used as a tool in cellular physiology.

Regulation of 2-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1-phosphate phosphatase: activation by glutathione and interaction with thiol reagents. (1/2188)

2-Carboxy-D-arabinitol 1-phosphate (CA1P) phosphatase de- grades CA1P, an inhibitor associated with the regulation of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in numerous plant species. CA1P phosphatase purified from Phaseolus vulgaris was partially inactivated by oxidizing conditions during dialysis in air-equilibrated buffer. Phosphatase activity could then be stimulated 1.3-fold by dithiothreitol and also by addition of reduced thioredoxin from Escherichia coli. These effects were enhanced synergistically by the positive effector, fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate (FBP). Most notably, CA1P phosphatase activity was stimulated up to 35-fold by glutathione, and was sensitive to the ratio of reduced (GSH) to oxidized (GSSG) forms. At concentrations of glutathione approximating measured levels in chloroplasts of P. vulgaris (5 mM total S), CA1P phosphatase exhibited >20-fold stimulation by a change in the redox status of glutathione from 60 to 100% GSH. This stimulation was augmented further by reduced E. coli thioredoxin. In contrast, FBP, which activates CA1P phosphatase under reducing conditions, was strongly inhibitory in the presence of GSSG. We propose that glutathione may have an appreciable role in the light/dark regulation of CA1P phosphatase in vivo. A model for the reversible activation of CA1P phosphatase by GSH was derived based upon the various responses of the enzyme's activity to a range of thiol reagents including N-ethylmaleimide, 5, 5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) and arsenite. These data indicate that the bean enzyme contains two physically distinct sets of thiol groups that are critical to its redox regulation.  (+info)

In vivo formation of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase disulfide bond in Escherichia coli. (2/2188)

We have found that the in vivo folding of periplasmic Escherichia coli Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase is assisted by DsbA, which catalyzes the efficient formation of its single disulfide bond, whose integrity is essential to ensure full catalytic activity to the enzyme. In line with these findings, we also report that the production of recombinant Xenopus laevis Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase is enhanced when the enzyme is exported in the periplasmic space or is expressed in thioredoxin reductase mutant strains. Our data show that inefficient disulfide bond oxidation in the bacterial cytoplasm inhibits Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase folding in this cellular compartment.  (+info)

An intact sperm nuclear matrix may be necessary for the mouse paternal genome to participate in embryonic development. (3/2188)

We have been interested in determining the minimally required elements in the sperm head that are necessary in order for the paternal genome to participate in embryogenesis. We used an ionic detergent, mixed alkyltrimethylammonium bromide (ATAB), plus dithiothreitol (DTT) to remove the acrosome and almost all of the perinuclear theca, leaving only the sperm nucleus morphologically intact. We also tested the stability of the sperm nuclear matrix by the ability to form nuclear halos. Sperm nuclei washed in freshly prepared 0.5% ATAB + 2 mM DTT completely decondensed when extracted with salt, but nuclei washed in the same buffer that was 1 wk old, and then extracted with salt, produced nuclear halos, indicating stable nuclear matrices. When we treated sperm heads with freshly prepared ATAB+DTT and injected them into oocytes, none of the oocytes developed into live offspring. In contrast, sperm heads treated in the same way but with 1-wk-old ATAB+DTT solution could support development of about 30% of the oocytes to live offspring. Electron microscopy demonstrated that most of the perinuclear theca had been removed in both cases. These data suggest that at least in the mouse, the only component of the spermatozoa that is crucial for participation in embryologic development is the sperm nucleus with a stable nuclear matrix.  (+info)

A novel trans-complementation assay suggests full mammalian oocyte activation is coordinately initiated by multiple, submembrane sperm components. (4/2188)

To initiate normal embryonic development, an egg must receive a signal to become activated at fertilization. We here report that the ability of demembranated sperm heads to activate is abolished after incubation over the range 20-44 degreesC and is sensitive to reducing agents. On the basis of this observation, we have developed a microinjection-based, trans-complementation assay in order to dissect the heat-inactivated sperm-borne oocyte-activating factor(s) (SOAF). We demonstrate that the failure of heat-inactivated sperm heads to activate an egg is rescued by coinjection with dithiothreitol-solubilized SOAF from demembranated sperm heads. The solubilized SOAF (SOAFs) is trypsin sensitive and is liberated from demembranated heads in a temperature-dependent manner that inversely correlates with the ability of sperm heads to activate. This argues that SOAFs is a proteinaceous molecular species required to initiate activation. Injection of oocytes with mouse or hamster sperm cytosolic factors, but not SOAFs alone, induced resumption of meiosis, further suggesting that these cytosolic factors and SOAF are distinct. Collectively, these data strongly suggest that full mammalian oocyte activation is initiated by the coordinated action of one or more heat-sensitive protein constituents of the perinuclear matrix and at least one heat-stable submembrane component.  (+info)

Transforming growth factor-beta induces formation of a dithiothreitol-resistant type I/Type II receptor complex in live cells. (5/2188)

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) binds to and signals via two serine-threonine kinase receptors, the type I (TbetaRI) and type II (TbetaRII) receptors. We have used different and complementary techniques to study the physical nature and ligand dependence of the complex formed by TbetaRI and TbetaRII. Velocity centrifugation of endogenous receptors suggests that ligand-bound TbetaRI and TbetaRII form a heteromeric complex that is most likely a heterotetramer. Antibody-mediated immunofluorescence co-patching of epitope-tagged receptors provides the first evidence in live cells that TbetaRI. TbetaRII complex formation occurs at a low but measurable degree in the absence of ligand, increasing significantly after TGF-beta binding. In addition, we demonstrate that pretreatment of cells with dithiothreitol, which inhibits the binding of TGF-beta to TbetaRI, does not prevent formation of the TbetaRI.TbetaRII complex, but increases its sensitivity to detergent and prevents TGF-beta-activated TbetaRI from phosphorylating Smad3 in vitro. This indicates that either a specific conformation of the TbetaRI. TbetaRII complex, disrupted by dithiothreitol, or direct binding of TGF-beta to TbetaRI is required for signaling.  (+info)

Gamma-Actinin, a new regulatory protein from rabbit skeletal muscle. I. Purification and characterization. (6/2188)

A new regulatory protein which we have designated as gamma-actinin has been isolated from native thin filaments of rabbit skeletal muscle. Depolymerized native thin filaments were fractionated by salting out with ammonium sulfate, and the precipitates obtained at 40--60% ammonium sulfate saturation were further subjected to DEAE-Sephadex and Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. The purified gamma-actinin was shown to have a chain weight of 35,000 daltons and had a strong inhibitory action on the polymerization of G-actin. The results of amino acid analysis indicated a unique amino acid composition of gamma-actinin as compared with other structural proteins of muscle. Non-polar and neutral amino acid residues were abundant. One cysteine residue was contained per one molecule of gamma-actinin and played a critical role in the maintenance of the inhibitory activity. Pelleting of gamma-actinin with F-actin showed that gamma-actinin binds to F-action.  (+info)

Phospholipid hydroperoxide cysteine peroxidase activity of human serum albumin. (7/2188)

Human serum albumin (HSA) reduced the phospholipid hydroperoxide, 1-palmitoyl-2-(13-hydroperoxy-cis-9, trans-11-octadecadienoyl)-l-3-phosphatidylcholine (PLPC-OOH) to the corresponding hydroxy-derivative with a high apparent affinity (Km=9. 23+/-0.95 microM). Removal of bound lipid during purification increased this activity. At physiological concentration, HSA reduced the phospholipid hydroperoxide in the absence of a cofactor. However, in the presence of a cofactor (reductant), the rate of the reaction was increased. All of the major aminothiols in plasma could act as reductants, the best being the most abundant, cysteine (Km=600+/-80 microM). For every nanomole of PLPC-OOH reduced by HSA, 1.26 nmol of cystine was formed, indicating a reaction stoichiometry of 1 mol PLPC-OOH to 2 mol cysteine. We used chemical modification to determine which amino acid residues on HSA were responsible for the activity. Oxidation of thiol group(s) by N-ethylmaleimide led to a reduction in the rate of activity, whereas reduction of thiols by either dithiothreitol or the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, increased the activity. Both N-ethylmaleimide-modified HSA and dithiothreitol-treated HSA exhibited increased apparent affinities for PLPC-OOH. For a range of preparations of albumin with different modifications, the activity on PLPC-OOH was dependent on the amount of free thiol groups on the albumin (correlation coefficient=0.91). Patients with lowered albumin concentrations after septic shock showed lowered total plasma thiol concentrations and decreased phospholipid hydroperoxide cysteine peroxidase (PHCPx) activities. These results therefore show for the first time that HSA exhibits PHCPx activity, and that the majority of the activity depends on the presence of reduced thiol group(s) on the albumin.  (+info)

Respiratory chain strongly oxidizes the CXXC motif of DsbB in the Escherichia coli disulfide bond formation pathway. (8/2188)

Escherichia coli DsbB has four essential cysteine residues, among which Cys41 and Cys44 form a CXXC redox active site motif and the Cys104-Cys130 disulfide bond oxidizes the active site cysteines of DsbA, the disulfide bond formation factor in the periplasm. Functional respiratory chain is required for the cell to keep DsbA oxidized. In this study, we characterized the roles of essential cysteines of DsbB in the coupling with the respiratory chain. Cys104 was found to form the inactive complex with DsbA under respiration-defective conditions. While DsbB, under normal aerobic conditions, is in the oxidized state, having two intramolecular disulfide bonds, oxidation of Cys104 and Cys130 requires the presence of Cys41-Cys44. Remarkably, the Cys41-Cys44 disulfide bond is refractory to reduction by a high concentration of dithiothreitol, unless the membrane is solubilized with a detergent. This reductant resistance requires both the respiratory function and oxygen, since Cys41-Cys44 became sensitive to the reducing agent when membrane was prepared from quinone- or heme-depleted cells or when a membrane sample was deaerated. Thus, the Cys41-Val-Leu-Cys44 motif of DsbB is kept both strongly oxidized and strongly oxidizing when DsbB is integrated into the membrane with the normal set of respiratory components.  (+info)

Microbiota-induced IL-1β, but not IL-6, is critical for the development of steady-state TH17 cells in the intestine | Journal...Microbiota-induced IL-1β, but not IL-6, is critical for the development of steady-state TH17 cells in the intestine | Journal...
Mice were killed and intestines were removed and placed in ice-cold HBSS + 1% heat inactivated FBS + 0.1% Pen/Strep (complete HBSS). After removal of residual mesenteric fat tissue, Peyers patches were carefully excised and the intestine was flushed two times with 10 ml complete HBSS. After flushing, the intestine was opened longitudinally and cut into ∼1-cm pieces. The cut pieces were washed two times at 37°C with 30 ml complete HBSS for 5 min each on a magnetic stir plate (600 rpm), followed by incubation with 50 ml 1-mM DTT for 15 min at 37°C with rotation. After DTT treatment, the tissue was then incubated twice with 30 ml 1-mM EDTA at 37°C with rotation. After each incubation, the epithelial cell layer containing the intraepithelial lymphocytes was removed by aspiration. After the last EDTA incubation, the pieces were washed three times in complete HBSS and placed in 30-ml digestion solution (complete HBSS containing Type III Collagenase and DNase I; Worthington). Digestion was ...
https://rupress.org/jem/article/209/2/251/41254/Microbiota-induced-IL-1-but-not-IL-6-is-critical
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CAS: 3483-12-3 Fórmula molecular: C4H10O2S2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 154.24 Número MDL: MFCD00004877 InChI Key: VHJLVAABSRFDPM-IMJSIDKUSA-N Sinónimo: dithiothreitol, dl-1,4-dithiothreitol, dl-dithiothreitol, 1,4-dithio-dl-threitol, d-1,4-dithiothreitol, d-dtt, 2s,3s-1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol, threo-1,4-dimercapto-2,3-butanediol, 1,4-dithiothreitol, dtt PubChem CID: 446094 ChEBI: CHEBI:42170 IUPAC Name: (2S,3S)-1,4-bis(sulfanyl)butane-2,3-diol SMILES: C(C(C(CS)O)O)S 250ML DL-1,4-Dithiothreitol, for biochemistry, 1Msolution in water ...
https://www.fishersci.es/es/es/products/I9C8K3R9/solutions.html
Plus itPlus it
Preparation of CYP3A4 Apo-Protein. Removal of the heme from CYP3A4 and preparation of the apo-protein was performed by treatment with H2O2 (Uvarov et al., 1990; Pikuleva et al., 1992). We implemented very mild conditions of treatment to prevent any peroxidative damage of the protein. In brief, CYP3A4 was diluted to 50 μM in 100 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.2, 20% glycerol (buffer A). Catalase was added directly to this solution to a final concentration of 1.7 units/ml. The sample was then dialyzed in a Spectra/Por Type I molecular weight cut-off 6000-8000, 10-cm flat width dialysis bag (Spectrum Laboratories, Rancho Dominguez, CA) against 50 volumes of buffer A containing 100 mM H2O2. Dialysis was performed at 4°C with continuous stirring for 24 h. The sample was removed and was further dialyzed against 50 volumes of 100 mM 4-morpholinepropanesulfonic acid, pH 7.4, 10% glycerol, 1 mM EDTA, 0.2 mM dithiothreitol. Protein concentration was determined using the Bradford protein assay kit ...
http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/33/8/1131
GFP VHH | ChromotekGFP VHH | Chromotek
GFP-VHH:GFP complex is stable up to 80 °C, 1 mM DTT, 3 M Guanidinium•HCl, 8 M Urea, 2 M NaCl, 2 % Nonidet P40 Substitute, 1 % SDS, 1 % Triton X-100, 3 % ...
http://chromotek.prod05.studioneun.de/products/detail/product-detail/gfp-vhh/
Human RAD51 Recombinant ProteinHuman RAD51 Recombinant Protein
Human RAD51 from Invitrogen for Western Blot and Control applications. Supplied as 20 µg purified protein (1 mg/mL) in 20mM tris HCl with 100mM KCl, 10% glycerol, 1mM DTT, 0.5mM EDTA and no preservative; pH 8.
https://www.thermofisher.com/antibody/product/Human-RAD51-Recombinant-Protein/RP-4964
HypothesisHypothesis
2 mM EDTA5 mM DTT1% Triton-XYeast protease inhibitor cocktail and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (added fresh to the buffer B ...
https://hypothes.is/search?q=tag%3AMt-2-Mt-7-Mt-2-d
some protocol - General Lab Techniquessome protocol - General Lab Techniques
I need to prepare the solution (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, 500 mM KCl, 2 mM DTT, 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM orthovanadate, and 10% glycerol) Do you have some protocol or sell the prepared solution?. ...
http://www.protocol-online.org/biology-forums/posts/19411.html
Gentaur Molecular :Biotium \ DTT \ 91050Gentaur Molecular :Biotium \ DTT \ 91050
Gentaur molecular products has all kinds of products like :search , Biotium \ DTT \ 91050 for more molecular products just contact us
http://www.antibody-antibodies.com/product_det.php?id=1472716&supplier=search&name=DTT
The influence of dithiothreitol on DNA radiolysis in frozen aqueous solution: an EPR study - WRAP: Warwick Research Archive...The influence of dithiothreitol on DNA radiolysis in frozen aqueous solution: an EPR study - WRAP: Warwick Research Archive...
The effect of a thiol, dithiothreitol (DTT), on DNA radiolysis at cryogenic temperatures was investigated by the EPR method. Dithiothreitol repairs up to 30% of DNA radicals, but an increase in the thiol concentration above 10 mM, even up to 1000 mM, does not further enhance the overall level of the repair process. The transfers of paramagnetic centres from both the guanine radical cation. and the allyl radical of thymine, to thiol were observed, while products generated via the reductive pathway remained unaffected. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.. ...
http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/10946/
Effect of DTT on prolyl oligopeptidase levels in plasma | Open-iEffect of DTT on prolyl oligopeptidase levels in plasma | Open-i
Effect of DTT on prolyl oligopeptidase levels in plasma from healthy and RR-MS patients. POP activity in plasma from healthy controls (white bar) and RR-MS pati
https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC2864237_1742-2094-7-23-5&req=4
Dithioerythritol | Profiles RNSDithioerythritol | Profiles RNS
A compound that, along with its isomer, Clelands reagent (DITHIOTHREITOL), is used for the protection of sulfhydryl groups against oxidation to disulfides and for the reduction of disulfides to sulfhydryl groups ...
https://profiles.uchicago.edu/profiles/display/13596
Insulin-dependent intermolecular subunit communication between isolated αβ heterodimeric insulin receptor complexes<...Insulin-dependent intermolecular subunit communication between isolated αβ heterodimeric insulin receptor complexes<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Insulin-dependent intermolecular subunit communication between isolated αβ heterodimeric insulin receptor complexes. AU - Sweet, L. J.. AU - Morrison, B. D.. AU - Wilden, P. A.. AU - Pessin, J. E.. PY - 1987/12/1. Y1 - 1987/12/1. N2 - The dissociation of the purified human placental α2β2 heterotetrameric insulin receptor complex into an αβ heterodimeric state was found to occur in a pH- and dithiothreitol (DTT)-dependent manner. Formation of the αβ heterodimeric complex, under conditions which preserved tracer insulin binding and protein kinase activities (pH 8.75 for 25 min followed by 2.0 mM DTT for 5 min) occurred with an approximate 50% efficiency. The resulting nondissociated α2β2 heterotetrameric complexes could then be separated effectively by Bio-Gel A-1.5 m gel filtration chromatography at neutral pH. The isolated DTT-treated but nondissociated α2β2 heterotetrameric complex was resistant to any further dissociation by a second round of DTT and alkaline pH ...
https://einstein.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/insulin-dependent-intermolecular-subunit-communication-between-is-2
MethodsMethods
by fluorescence spectroscopy. Plant tissue was ground with a pestle and mortar in two volumes of extraction buffer (50mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 10mM EDTA, 10mM dithiothreitol, 18% glycerol) and filtered through Miracloth (Calbiochem). The filtrate was centrifuged to pellet debris and the supernatant collected. The supernatant was diluted ten fold with buffer and purified through a PD10 column (Pharmacia), which had been equilibrated in buffer. The protein content of the extracts was determined by the method of Bradford (Bradford, 1976) using a kit from BioRad Laboratories. Preparations were diluted with buffer to 80&g per ml and analyzed in a Kontron SFM25 scanning fluorometer ...
https://www.plantsci.cam.ac.uk/research/davidbaulcombe/methods/pvx-expression-vectors/methods
CD1B Recombinant ProteinCD1B Recombinant Protein
CD1B Recombinant Protein. CD1B protein solution (0.5mg/ml) containing 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), 0.2M NaCl, 20% glycerol and 1mM DTT.
https://www.neuromics.com/PR27289
Shop by Manufacturer SIGNALCHEM and Article Status Promo | Lucerna-Chem AGShop by Manufacturer SIGNALCHEM and Article Status Promo | Lucerna-Chem AG
Supplier: SignalChem • Format: 50mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 50mM NaCl, 10mM glutathione, 0.1mM EDTA, 0.25mM DTT, 0.1mM PMSF and 25% ...
https://lucerna-chem.ch/shop?filters=11%7C3098&t=
Trichostatin A Is a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor with Potent Antitumor Activity against Breast Cancer in Vivo | Clinical...Trichostatin A Is a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor with Potent Antitumor Activity against Breast Cancer in Vivo | Clinical...
MCF-7 cells (∼2.5 × 106) at 70-80% confluence in 15-cm plates were treated with 0.5 μm TSA in 0.1% ethanol or 0.1% ethanol as vehicle control for 24 h at 37°C. After washing with chilled DPBS, cells were harvested in DPBS, pelleted by centrifugation (1000 × g for 5 min at 4°C), and resuspended in 100 μl of high salt buffer [400 mm KCl, 20 mm Tris (pH 7.4), 2 mm DTT, and 20% (v/v) glycerol] containing a freshly added mixture of protease inhibitors (1 mm PMSF and 0.5 μg/ml each of leupeptin, pepstatin A, chymostatin, antitrypsin, and aprotinin). Whole cell extracts were prepared by three cycles of freezing (−80°C) and thawing (0°C), clarified by centrifugation at 15,000 × g for 15 min at 4°C, and the supernatants were stored at −80°C (13) . Protein concentration of each extract was determined using the Bio-Rad Protein Assay.. Each whole cell extract (500 μg protein) was suspended in 1 ml of buffer A [400 mm NaCl, 50 mm Tris acetate (pH 7.5), 1 mm DTT, 1% (v/v) Triton X-100, 1 mm ...
https://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/7/4/971?ijkey=478bde51e91bb1d3c984fbe41570046dfec7ed28&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
NVS-PAK1-1 | Chemical ProbesNVS-PAK1-1 | Chemical Probes
KD=7 nM. Caliper IC50 assay. The assay was performed using 384-well microtiter plates. Compounds were tested as 8-point dose responses. The assays were prepared by addition of 50 nL of compound solution in 90% DMSO directly into the empty plate. Subsequently, 4.5 μL of the enzyme solution (50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 1 mM DTT, 0.02% Tween20, 0.02% BSA, 10 mM beta-glycerolphosphate, 10 μM sodium orthovanadate, 3 mM MgCl2 and 0.6 nM PAK1 (249-545) wt nonphos, produced in-house by expression in E. coli cells and purified by affinity chromatography) was added to each well and the resulting solution was pre-incubated at 30°C for 60 min, followed by addition of 4.5 μL of the peptide/ATP solution (50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 1 mM DTT, 0.02% Tween20, 0.02% BSA, 10 mM beta-glycerolphosphate, 10 μM sodium orthovanadate, 3 mM MgCl2, 400 μM ATP and 4 μM peptide (5-Fluo-Ahx-AKRRRLSSLRA-COOH, Biosyntan GmbH). After 60 min incubation at 30°C, reactions were terminated by addition of 16 μL per well of the stop ...
https://www.chemicalprobes.org/nvs-pak1-1
BMRB Entry 15152BMRB Entry 15152
sample_1: HypC, [U-95% 15N], 1 mM; potassium phosphate 30 mM; KCl 30 mM; dithiothreitol 25 uM; sodium azide 0.02%. sample_2: HypC, [U-95% 13C; U-95% 15N], 1 mM; potassium phosphate 30 mM; KCl 30 mM; dithiothreitol 25 uM; sodium azide 0.02%. sample_conditions_1: ionic strength: 0.06 M; pH: 7.0; pressure: 1 atm; temperature: 298 K ...
http://www.bmrb.wisc.edu/data_library/summary/index.php?bmrbId=15152
IL17A 293 Cell Lysate by Abbiotec, Cat. No. 400762-AT | Lucerna-Chem AGIL17A 293 Cell Lysate by Abbiotec, Cat. No. 400762-AT | Lucerna-Chem AG
This product includes 3 vials: 1 vial of gene-specific cell lysate, 1 vial of control vector cell lysate, and 1 vial of loading buffer. Each lysate vial contains 0.1 mg lysate in 0.1 ml (1 mg/ml) of RIPA Buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH7.5, 250 mM NaCl, 5 mM EDTA, 50 mM NaF, 1% NP40). The loading buffer vial contains 0.5 ml 2X SDS Loading Buffer (125 mM Tris-Cl, pH6.8, 10% glycerol, 4% SDS, 0.002% Bromophenol blue, 100 mM DTT).. ...
https://lucerna-chem.ch/shop/5466/affinity-biosciences
Anterior Gradient Protein 3 Homolog RecombinantAnterior Gradient Protein 3 Homolog Recombinant
Anterior Gradient Protein 3 Homolog Recombinant. AGR3 protein solution (1mg/ml) containing 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH8.0), 20% glycerol, 0.1M NaCl and 1mM DTT.
https://www.neuromics.com/PR27200
Is there a reliable source for storage and stability of reducing agents like DTT? | Wyzant Ask An ExpertIs there a reliable source for storage and stability of reducing agents like DTT? | Wyzant Ask An Expert
While I dont know any literature regarding this, the best thing that can be done from my experience, is to dissolve the DTT in high quality deionized water that has been degassed thoroughly prior to use. The biggest issue for DTT is going to be oxygen in your solvents. Next, the DTT is aliquoted into smaller quantities (generally enough for one days worth of reactions), and the aliquots are frozen at -20 or flash frozen using liquid nitrogen and stored at -80C. ...
https://www.wyzant.com/resources/answers/696593/is-there-a-reliable-source-for-storage-and-stability-of-reducing-agents-lik
Products in 2D Sample Preparation on Thomas ScientificProducts in 2D Sample Preparation on Thomas Scientific
* found in: Dithiothreitol, DeStreak Rehydration Solution, DeStreak Reagent, Reducing agents are frequently included in the sample solution to break any..
http://www.thomassci.com/nav/cat1/2dsamplepreparation/0
Homogenization of Tissue Culture Cells in SuspensionHomogenization of Tissue Culture Cells in Suspension
For this procedure, the cells are first swollen in a buffered hypo‐osmotic medium containing potassium chloride, magnesium acetate and dithiothreitol to render the plasma membrane more susceptible to subsequent homogenization
http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0003803.html
Sarku Japan® Selects DTT as Preferred VendorSarku Japan® Selects DTT as Preferred Vendor
Los Angeles, CA (PRWEB) September 06, 2012 -- DTT announces a partnership with Sarku Japan®, the largest Japanese QSR operator in the US. After extensive
http://www.prweb.com/releases/2012/9/prweb9846909.htm
BMRB Entry 6860BMRB Entry 6860
sample_1: BC022030, [U-15N; U-13C], 0.5 ± 0.1 mM; Bis-Tris 10 ± 0.5 mM; DTT 10 ± 0.5 mM; NaCl 100 ± 5 mM. sample_2: BC022030, [U-15N; U-13C], 0.5 ± 0.1 mM; BC022030 0.5 ± 0.1 mM; Bis-Tris 10 ± 0.5 mM; DTT 10 ± 0.5 mM; NaCl 100 ± 5 mM. conditions_1: pH: 6.0; pressure: 1 atm; temperature: 298 K ...
http://www.bmrb.wisc.edu/data_library/summary/?bmrbId=6860
Trapp Stimulates Guanine Nucleotide Exchange on Ypt1p | Journal of Cell Biology | Rockefeller University PressTrapp Stimulates Guanine Nucleotide Exchange on Ypt1p | Journal of Cell Biology | Rockefeller University Press
TRAPP was purified from 300 OD599 units of cells. SFNY904 (MATα ura3-52 bet3Δ::URA3 leu2-3, 112 BET3-protein A::LEU2 L-A-o) was used for the purification because it contained protein A-tagged Bet3p and was free of the L-A virus (L-A-o). The L-A virus coat protein, gag, is a common contaminant in the purification (see Sacher et al. 2000). To purify TRAPP, cells were converted to spheroplasts, lysed in 3 ml of buffer B (150 mM KCl, 20 mM Hepes, pH 7.2, 2 mM EDTA, 1% Trition X-100, 0.5 mM DTT, protease inhibitor cocktail), and the unbroken cells were removed as described above. The lysate was centrifuged at 14,000 g for 10 min and the supernatant (10 mg/ml of protein) was incubated with 150 μl of a 50% slurry of IgG-Sepharose (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech) for 4 h. The beads were washed three times with 3 ml of release buffer (20 mM Hepes, pH 7.2, 5 mM MgCl2, 1 mM DTT, 0.75 mM GTP, 0.75 mMGDP, 1 mg/ml BSA) or uptake buffer (20 mM Hepes, pH 7.2, 5 mM MgCl2, 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM ATP, 1 mM DTT, 1 mg/ml ...
https://rupress.org/jcb/article/151/2/289/47980/Trapp-Stimulates-Guanine-Nucleotide-Exchange-on
Dithiothreitol (DTT) cf 2-mercaptoethanol (2ME)Dithiothreitol (DTT) cf 2-mercaptoethanol (2ME)
In article ,Pine.OSF.3.95.990126164423.20371C-100000 at dingo.cc.uq.edu.au,, Paul R. Rohde ,mdprohde at mailbox.uq.edu.au, wrote: , Just a general question, , (but maybe perhaps biased towards RNA extractions). , , Whats the difference between DTT and 2ME? What does one chemical do , that the other doesnt, and when should each be used? , , How many moles of DTT equals moles of 2ME (in effectiveness)? , , Is 2ME more potent as it stinks more and more nauseating? , They are both in the lab, should know more about them. , , , , _______________________________________________________ , Paul R. Rohde http://www.uq.edu.au/~mdprohde/ * * , Department of Surgery, University of Queensland , Royal Brisbane Hospital, Queensland, 4029, Australia . * , FAX: -Australia- +61 7 3365 5559 TEL: +61 7 3362 0336 * , ______ Please reply in plain text, no html __________ Hello, I have use 2ME to break disulfide bonds in proteins (denaturing) for electrophoresis. How is it used in RNA extraction. KJ Gilbride ...
http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/methods/1999-February/073395.html
Smearing of protein samples from whole tissue lysates - Protein and ProteomicsSmearing of protein samples from whole tissue lysates - Protein and Proteomics
I am lysing mouse tissue samples using a dounce homogeniser in 0.5ml lysis buffer : (10%SDS, 2% Triton X100, 5M Urea, 100mM DTT and 5mM EDTA). Samples are sonicated and Gel Loading Buffer added (10% glycerol 50mM Tris pH6.8 0.2% Bromophenol blue. Samples are boiled and run on 8% SDS PAGE ...
http://www.protocol-online.org/biology-forums/posts/14298.html
H-Ala-cys-ser-ser-ser-pro-ser-lys-his-cys-gly-oh,(disulfide bond) - Alfa ChemistryH-Ala-cys-ser-ser-ser-pro-ser-lys-his-cys-gly-oh,(disulfide bond) - Alfa Chemistry
H-Ala-cys-ser-ser-ser-pro-ser-lys-his-cys-gly-oh,(disulfide bond)/ACM888486235 can be provided in Alfa Chemistry. We are dedicated to provide our customers the best products and services.
http://www.alfa-chemistry.com/cas_888486-23-5.htm
H-Cys-ala-oh)2,(disulfide bond) - Alfa ChemistryH-Cys-ala-oh)2,(disulfide bond) - Alfa Chemistry
(H-Cys-ala-oh)2,(disulfide bond)/ACM20898219 can be provided in Alfa Chemistry. We are dedicated to provide our customers the best products and services.
http://www.alfa-chemistry.com/cas_20898-21-9.htm
ɑ-Methoxy-ω-maleinimidesɑ-Methoxy-ω-maleinimides
For sulfhydryl-selective coupling of PEG to proteins and other thiol substrates and for selective scavenging of thiol containing peptides. ...
http://www.rapp-polymere.com/index.php?id=1203¤cy=usd
Expression of a Mitochondrial Peroxiredoxin Prevents Programmed Cell Death in Leishmania donovani | Eukaryotic CellExpression of a Mitochondrial Peroxiredoxin Prevents Programmed Cell Death in Leishmania donovani | Eukaryotic Cell
FIG. 1. Recombinant LdmPrx shows peroxiredoxin enzyme activities in vitro. (A) Twelve percent SDS-PAGE of purified rLdmPrx under reducing conditions. Molecular mass standards are indicated on the left. (B) Western blot assay of L. donovani promastigote lysates. Cells (5 × 106) from the stationary growth phase (6 × 107/ml) were lysed directly in hot SDS sample buffer under nonreducing conditions (without DTT) and reducing conditions (in the presence of 20 mM DTT). Blots were developed with anti-LdmPrx polyclonal antibodies. Molecular mass standards are indicated on the left. (C) Nicking assay with recombinant LdmPrx was performed as described in Materials and Methods. Samples were then loaded onto a 1% agarose gel. Lane 1, only DTT; lane 2, only FeCl3; lane 3, DTT plus FeCl3; lane 4, DTT plus FeCl3 plus rLdmPrx (0.5 μM); lane 5, DTT plus FeCl3 plus rLdmPrx (1 μM); lane 6, DTT plus FeCl3 plus rLdmPrx (2 μM); lane 7, DTT plus FeCl3 plus rLdmPrx (5 μM); lane 8, DTT plus FeCl3 plus bovine serum ...
https://ec.asm.org/content/5/5/861/figures-only
2014 October | Pkc Signaling2014 October | Pkc Signaling
For whole cell protease treatment method, E. coli cells have been harvested, washed and resuspended in one ml Tris HCl. Proteinase K was additional to final concentrations in between 0. two mg mL 1 and 0. 5 mg mL 1 and cells had been incubated for one hour at 37 C. Digestion was stopped by washing the cells twice with Tris HCl containing 10% fetal calf serum and outer membrane proteins were ready as described over. For outer membrane proteins that have been applied for ac tivity assays, cells werent handled with Proteinase K. SDS Page Outer membrane isolates were diluted with sam ple buffer containing 4% SDS, 0. 2% bromophenol blue, 200 mM dithiothreitol and 20% glycerol boiled for 10 minutes and analyzed on 10% polyacrylamid gels. Proteins had been stained with Coomassie brilliant blue.. To correlate molecu lar masses of protein bands of curiosity, a molecular fat conventional was employed. Flow cytometer evaluation E. coli BL21 pAT kinase inhibitor MLN0128 LipBc cells were grown and ex ...
http://pkcsignaling.com/2014/10/
Structure of the C‐terminal domain of Tup1, a corepressor of transcription in yeast | The EMBO JournalStructure of the C‐terminal domain of Tup1, a corepressor of transcription in yeast | The EMBO Journal
Tup1cΔ crystals were grown by hanging‐drop vapor diffusion by mixing an equal volume of protein and reservoir solution containing 50‐100 mM bis‐Tris propane pH 9, 0‐50 mM NaCl, 23‐26% (w/v) polyethylene glycol 6000 and 2 mM dithiothreitol or 1 mM BMS, and allowing the drop to equilibrate with the reservoir at 20°C. Crystals grew to an average size of 0.1 × 0.1 × 1 mm in ∼1 week. Native crystals were transferred to a drop containing well solution immediately prior to data collection. Heavy‐atom derivatives were prepared by soaking crystals in a solution containing 50 mM bis‐Tris propane pH 9 and 24% (w/v) PEG 6000 with the heavy‐atom reagent (0.5 mM EMTS for 12 h, 1 mM KAu(CN)2 for 22 h or 0.5 mM PIP for 12 h). Data were collected at room temperature on a RAXIS IIc detector equipped with a rotating‐anode Rigaku RU‐200 generator with CuKα radiation. Attempts to cryocool the crystals at −180°C were unsuccessful. All data were integrated and reduced using the ...
http://emboj.embopress.org/content/19/12/3016
4-Amino-3-nitrobenzoic acid 1588-83-6 Chemical Properties Physical Properties4-Amino-3-nitrobenzoic acid 1588-83-6 Chemical Properties Physical Properties
4-Amino-3-nitrobenzoic acid chemical properties, What are the chemical properties of 4-Amino-3-nitrobenzoic acid 1588-83-6, What are the physical properties of 4-Amino-3-nitrobenzoic acid ect.
http://www.molbase.com/en/properties_1588-83-6-moldata-42909.html
June | 2020 | HSP signalingJune | 2020 | HSP signaling
DNA (20 pmoles) was incubated in the presence (+) or in the absence (-) of 20 pmoles of OhrR. C-Binding of OhrR. to Motif 1 buy BMS202 and Motif 2 sequences. Gel shift assay of the intergenic region and the 60 bp double strand sequences containing at their centre the genuine 17 nt corresponding to Motif 1 and Motif 2, or mutated Motif 1 with AA in place of GC (Mut1 fragment) and CCC in place of AAA (Mut2 fragment). DNA (20 pmoles) was incubated with the indicated amount of OhrR in the presence of 1 mM DTT. We took advantage of restriction sites located within the ohr-ohrR intergenic region to define further OhrR binding site. ApoI cleaved once this fragment giving a 17 bp and a 96 bp fragment. In the presence of OhrR protein the longer fragment produced two shifted bands (Figure. 3). Two HpaII sites are located within ohr-ohrR intergenic region; HpaII cleavage produced three fragments of 26, 29 and 58 bp. In the presence of OhrR, the intensity of the 58 bp fragment decreased and two retarded ...
http://hspsignaling.com/2020/06/
Modulators of ELOVL5 for treating acne or hyperseborrhea - Patent applicationModulators of ELOVL5 for treating acne or hyperseborrhea - Patent application
0089]Sense and anti-sense probes were prepared from the ELOVL5 gene by incubation of the linearized gene (2 μg) with 63 μCi of [35S]UTP (1250 Ci/mmol; NEN, Massachusetts, USA) in the presence of T7 or T3 RNA polymerase. The in situ hybridization was carried out on a mouse tissue fixed with formaldehyde and embedded in paraffin. Sections (4 μm wide) were then deparaffinized in toluene and rehydrated by an alcohol gradient. After drying, the various sections were incubated in a prehybridization buffer for two hours. The hybridization was carried out overnight in a hybridization buffer (prehybridization buffer with 10 mM DTT and 2×106 cpm RNA/μl 35S-labeled) at 53° C. The excess probe was removed and the sections were inclined in an LM1 emulsion (Amersham Biosciences, UK) and exposed in the dark at 4° C. for at least one month. The sections were then developed and counterstained with hematoxylin and eosin. The hybridization with the sense probe was used as negative control and only the ...
http://www.patentsencyclopedia.com/app/20090298074
4-Fluoro-3-nitrobenzoic acid4-Fluoro-3-nitrobenzoic acid
4-Fluoro-3-nitrobenzoic acid. FC6H3(NO2)CO2H. Synonyms: . CAS 453-71-4. Molecular Weight 185.11. Browse 4-Fluoro-3-nitrobenzoic acid and related products at MilliporeSigma.
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/substance/4fluoro3nitrobenzoicacid18511453714?context=product
DTT 1211 by Our City Media - issuuDTT 1211 by Our City Media - issuu
Issuu is a digital publishing platform that makes it simple to publish magazines, catalogs, newspapers, books, and more online. Easily share your publications and get them in front of Issuus millions of monthly readers. Title: DTT 1211, Author: Our City Media, Name: DTT 1211, Length: 68 pages, Page: 1, Published: 2011-11-28
https://issuu.com/ourcityweston/docs/dtt_issuu
Labile disulfide bonds are common at the leucocyte cell surface - Oxford NeuroscienceLabile disulfide bonds are common at the leucocyte cell surface - Oxford Neuroscience
We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you click Continue well assume that you are happy to receive all cookies and you wont see this message again. Click Find out more for information on how to change your cookie settings ...
https://www.neuroscience.ox.ac.uk/publications/228587
ccp4bb] PhD UCL/National Institute of Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC)ccp4bb] PhD UCL/National Institute of Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC)
The very excellent Dr Clive Metcalfe (an ex-post-doc with me) of NIBSC has a PhD project with Prof Paul Dalby at UCL looking at disulphide bond reduction in monoclonal antibodies ...
http://www.ccp4.ac.uk/jobs/msg00259.html
Products in Reagents, D, ACTGene, Inc. on Thomas ScientificProducts in Reagents, D, ACTGene, Inc. on Thomas Scientific
* found in: DTT (DL-Dithiothreitol), Ultra Pure, DTT (DL-Dithiothreitol), Ultra Pure, Doxorubicin HCl, Doxycycline HCl, Reducing reagent for proteins and..
https://www.thomassci.com/nav/cat1/reagentsd/manufacturer/actgeneinc/0
Angiotensin II AT2 receptors are functionally coupled to protein tyrosine dephosphorylation in N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells |...Angiotensin II AT2 receptors are functionally coupled to protein tyrosine dephosphorylation in N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells |...
Murine N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells are shown to express a single class of angiotensin II (Ang II) receptors that display all the pharmacological properties defining the Ang II receptor subtype 2 (AT2): high affinity for 125I-labelled AT2-selective agonist CGP 42112 (Kd 91 +/- 19 pM); expected rank order of potency (CGP 42112 = (Sar1,Ile8)Ang II , or = Ang II , PD 123319 ,, DUP 753) for several Ang II analogues; increased binding in the presence of the reducing reagent dithiothreitol (DTT); and insensitivity to analogues of GTP. Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding AT2 receptors from N1E-115 cells reveals nucleotide sequence identity with the AT2 subtype expressed in fetal tissue. Murine AT2 receptors transiently expressed in COS cells display the same pharmacological profile as endogenous Ang II receptors of N1E-115 cells. Taken together, these data reveal the exclusive presence of the AT2 receptor subtype in N1E-115 cells. Incubation of N1E-115 cells with Ang II leads to a marked decrease in the ...
http://www.biochemj.org/content/306/1/87
The abilities of cysteine-containing compounds to support growth of and influence - Selective and cell-active inhibitors of PI3KThe abilities of cysteine-containing compounds to support growth of and influence - Selective and cell-active inhibitors of PI3K
The abilities of cysteine-containing compounds to support growth of and influence pertussis toxin transcription, assembly, and secretion were examined. source of cysteine; however, in the absence of reduced glutathione, pertussis toxin was not efficiently secreted. Addition of the reducing agent dithiothreitol was unable to compensate for the lack of reduced glutathione and did not promote secretion of pertussis toxin. These results suggest that reduced glutathione does not affect the accumulation of assembled active pertussis toxin in the periplasm but plays a role in efficient pertussis toxin secretion by the bacterium. Pertussis toxin is a major virulence factor of heat-labile toxin, and Shiga toxin. Pertussis toxin has the most complex structure of any bacterial toxin (18, 20, 24). It is assembled from six subunits encoded by five genes, to encodes the structural gene for the A-subunit, which is an ADP-ribosyltransferase. S1 modifies mammalian G-proteins, which play a critical role in ...
http://www.researchtoactionforum.org/2019/08/13/the-abilities-of-cysteine-containing-compounds-to-support-growth-of-and-influence/
2-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid 2516-96-3, China 2-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid 2516-96-3 Manufacturers, China 2-Chloro-5...2-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid 2516-96-3, China 2-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid 2516-96-3 Manufacturers, China 2-Chloro-5...
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RhlA Converts β-Hydroxyacyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Intermediates in Fatty Acid Synthesis to the β-Hydroxydecanoyl-β...RhlA Converts β-Hydroxyacyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Intermediates in Fatty Acid Synthesis to the β-Hydroxydecanoyl-β...
RhlA purification and assay.The expression of recombinant RhlA protein with an N-terminal His-tag encoded by plasmid pKZ002 was induced with isopropyl-1-thio-β-d-galactopyranoside (IPTG) in E. coli BL21(DE3). Cells were collected by centrifugation, resuspended in MCAC buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.9, 500 mM NaCl, 10% glycerol) and lysed with a French press. Soluble proteins were applied to a Ni2+-nitrilotriacetic acid agarose (Qiagen) column and washed with MCAC buffer plus 40 mM imidazole. His-tagged RhlA was eluted with MCAC buffer containing 200 mM imidazole. The fractions containing most of the RhlA protein were pooled, concentrated, and applied to a Superdex S200 column (GE Healthcare) to purify RhlA to homogeneity in a buffer of 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 50 mM EDTA. Intact MS gave a molecular weight of 34,964, positively identifying the protein as His-tagged RhlA lacking the N-terminal fMet amino acid.. The RhlA activity was determined by measuring the formation of ...
https://jb.asm.org/content/190/9/3147
Alfa Aesar™ 4-Acetamido-3-nitrobenzoic acid, 97+% 100g Alfa Aesar™ 4-Acetamido-3-nitrobenzoic acid, 97+%Alfa Aesar™ 4-Acetamido-3-nitrobenzoic acid, 97+% 100g Alfa Aesar™ 4-Acetamido-3-nitrobenzoic acid, 97+%
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P-hydroxymercuribenzoate: Definition with P-hydroxymercuribenzoate Pictures and PhotosP-hydroxymercuribenzoate: Definition with P-hydroxymercuribenzoate Pictures and Photos
Definition of P-hydroxymercuribenzoate with photos and pictures, translations, sample usage, and additional links for more information.
http://www.lexic.us/definition-of/p-hydroxymercuribenzoate
JCI - CD161 contributes to prenatal immune suppression of IFN-γ-producing PLZF+ T cellsJCI - CD161 contributes to prenatal immune suppression of IFN-γ-producing PLZF+ T cells
Cell isolation. PBMCs from adult and cord blood were isolated by Ficoll-Histopaque (Sigma-Aldrich) gradient centrifugation and cryopreserved in freezing medium (90% FBS + 10% DMSO; ATCC) and analyzed in batches. Fetal and adult organs were collected into cold RPMI with 10% FCS, 10 mM HEPES, penicillin, streptomycin, 0.1 mM 2-β-mercaptoethanol, 2 mM l-glutamine, and nonessential amino acids (cgRPMI medium), transported on ice, and processed within 2 hours of collection. The SI and colon were dissected from the mesentery, opened longitudinally, and cut into 1 cm sections. Mucus was removed with 3 washes in 1 mM DTT in PBS for 10 minutes. The epithelial layer was removed with 3 washes in 1 mM EDTA in PBS for 20 minutes. The intestine, MLN, liver, lung, and spleen were minced into smaller pieces and digested with freshly prepared 3 mg/mL collagenase IV (Life Technologies) and 10 mg/mL DNAse (Roche) in cgRPMI for 30 minutes, and dissociated cells were filtered through a 70 μm strainer. Cells were ...
https://zjtyuety.com.insight.mobile.jci.org/articles/view/125957
May | 2014 | STAT SignalingMay | 2014 | STAT Signaling
Tubes have been incubated thirty min at 37 C during the dark. Then 1 uL of 500 mM DTT was Epothilone added to quench the alkylation response. Upcoming four. five uL of 200 mM CaCl2 were added to just about every tube. An extra five uL of 500 mM Tris HCl had been additional to sustain the pH and ionic strength. Ultimately, ten ug of trypsin or chymotrypsin dissolved in one mM HCl had been additional to every single tube. Tubes had been incubated 24 h at 37 C after which frozen at 30 C until eventually preparation for mass spectrometry. Digestion of venoms with Glu C Reduction and alkylation of venoms were carried out as described over, except that as opposed to 500 mM Tris HCl, 167 mM phosphoric acid NaOH was applied. Additionally, the enzyme was dissolved in ultrapure water, as opposed to in one mM HCl. This enabled the enzyme to cleave proteins adjacent to aspartic acid residues, likewise as glutamate residues. Once the enzyme was dissolved in one mM HCl, it cleaved subsequent to glutamate ...
https://statsignaling.com/2014/05
Bst4C I - Bacillus stearothermophilus 4C - GeneON-BioScienceBst4C I - Bacillus stearothermophilus 4C - GeneON-BioScience
Bacillus stearothermophilus 4C. SE-buffer: Y (33 mM Tris-acetate (pH 7.9 at 25°C); 10 mM magnesium acetate; 66 mM potassium acetate; 1 mM DTT.)
https://www.geneon.net/products/restriction-endonucleases/bst4c-i-acn-gt-tg-nca/
Sulfhydryl CompoundsSulfhydryl Compounds
Contact: Eastsong. Phone: +86 15621028051. E-mail: [email protected] Whatsapp:+86 15621028051. Add: No.276, Zhangkou Road, Qingdao, China. ...
https://www.eastsongco.com/Sulfhydryl-Compounds.html
BMRB Entry 4922BMRB Entry 4922
sample_1: unfolded apo-plastocyanin, [U-15N], 2.0 mM; KH2PO4 5 mM; EDTA 50 uM; beta-mercaptoethanol 5 mM. sample_2: unfolded apo-plastocyanin, [U-15N; U-13C], 1.5 mM; KH2PO4 5 mM; EDTA 50 uM; beta-mercaptoethanol 5 mM. sample_3: unfolded apo-plastocyanin, [U-15N; U-13C], 0.5 mM; KH2PO4 5 mM; EDTA 50 uM; beta-mercaptoethanol 5 mM. sample_4: unfolded apo-plastocyanin 0.1 mM; KH2PO4 5 mM; EDTA 50 uM; beta-mercaptoethanol 5 mM. Ex-cond_1: pH: 6.0; temperature: 308 K; ionic strength: 5 mM ...
http://bmrb.wisc.edu/data_library/summary/?bmrbId=4922
Otavalo - WikitravelOtavalo - Wikitravel
Otavalo is a small town in Ecuador. It has about 50.000 inhabitants and is the capital of the canton of the same name. Otavalo is world-famous for its indigenous population, the so-called Otavalos, many of which are travelling around the world to sell their famous handicrafts or play in Andean Folk music groups. The Otavalos are considered the economically most successful indigenous group of Latin America, and many of the grandest houses and largest Pick-Up Trucks in Otavalo are owned by Otavalos. However, a great percentage of the Otavalos, especially in the surrounding villages, live in poverty and are victims of racial discrimination. Otavalos are easily recognized by their traditional dress: white pants and a dark poncho for men; a dark skirt and a white blouse with colourful embroidery and colourful waisteband for women. Both sexes wear their hair long (the men usually platted).
https://wikitravel.org/wiki/en/index.php?title=Otavalo&oldid=1713236
Lysis bufferLysis buffer
Add 1 mM fresh dithiothreitol (DTT). ACK (Ammonium-Chloride-Potassium) lysing buffer[edit]. ACK is used for lysis of red blood ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysis_buffer
Reducing agentReducing agent
Dithiothreitol (DTT) - used in biochemistry labs to avoid S-S bonds. *Carbon monoxide (CO) ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reducing_agent
DisulfideDisulfide
In biochemistry, thiols such as β-mercaptoethanol (β-ME) or dithiothreitol (DTT) serve as reductants; the thiol reagents are ... Typically, the thiolate of a redox reagent such as glutathione or dithiothreitol attacks the disulfide bond on a protein ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disulfide_bond
TST (gene)TST (gene)
1976). "Reaction of rhodanese with dithiothreitol". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 445 (1): 104-11. doi:10.1016/0005-2744(76)90163-7. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TST_(gene)
DithioerythritolDithioerythritol
It is an epimer of dithiothreitol (DTT). The molecular formula for DTE is C4H10O2S2. Like DTT, DTE makes an excellent reducing ... Cleland, W.W. (April 1964). "Dithiothreitol, A New Protective Reagent for SH Groups". Biochemistry. 3 (4): 480-2. doi:10.1021/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithioerythritol
Maleylacetoacetate isomeraseMaleylacetoacetate isomerase
It also binds the sulfate ion and dithiothreitol. Maleylacetoacetate isomerase deficiency is a disease caused by a mutation in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maleylacetoacetate_isomerase
List of people from Madison, WisconsinList of people from Madison, Wisconsin
biographical article Cleland, W.W. (April 1964). "Dithiothreitol, A New Protective Reagent for SH Groups". Biochemistry. 3 (4 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_from_Madison,_Wisconsin
Glycoprotein N-palmitoyltransferaseGlycoprotein N-palmitoyltransferase
This enzyme has at least one effector, Dithiothreitol. Liau YH, Slomiany BL, Slomiany A, Piasek A, Palmer D, Rosenthal WS (1985 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoprotein_N-palmitoyltransferase
W. Wallace ClelandW. Wallace Cleland
Cleland was well known for being the first to utilize dithiothreitol for the reduction of disulfide bonds in proteins. The ... Cleland, W.W. (April 1964). "Dithiothreitol, A New Protective Reagent for SH Groups". Biochemistry. 3 (4): 480-2. doi:10.1021/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Wallace_Cleland
D-ornithine 4,5-aminomutaseD-ornithine 4,5-aminomutase
It has 3 cofactors: pyridoxal phosphate, Cobamide coenzyme, and Dithiothreitol. Somack R, Costilow RN (1973). "Purification and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-ornithine_4,5-aminomutase
Radioimmunoprecipitation assay bufferRadioimmunoprecipitation assay buffer
5-10 mM dithiothreitol (DTT) or β-mercaptoethanol as antioxidant. DTT is more expensive than βME, but its redox potential is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioimmunoprecipitation_assay_buffer
GlutathioneGlutathione
The thiols are then reduced with dithiothreitol and labelled by monobromobimane. Monobromobimane becomes fluorescent after ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione
Polyphenol oxidasePolyphenol oxidase
Another inhibitor of this enzyme is potassium pyrosulphite (K2S2O5). Banana root PPO is strongly inhibited by dithiothreitol ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphenol_oxidase
Blood compatibility testingBlood compatibility testing
If this is not effective, dithiothreitol can be used to destroy the antibodies.:141 Cord blood samples may be contaminated with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_compatibility_testing
Gel electrophoresisGel electrophoresis
Reducing conditions are usually maintained by the addition of beta-mercaptoethanol or dithiothreitol. For a general analysis of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel_electrophoresis
ThreitolThreitol
Antifreeze protein Dithiothreitol, a thiol derivative of threitol Threitol at Sigma-Alrich Elks, J.; Ganellin, C. R. (1990). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threitol
Organophosphorus acid anhydrolaseOrganophosphorus acid anhydrolase
OPAA activity is enhanced by reducing agents such as dithiothreitol (DTT) and beta-mercaptoethanol. OPAA is also catalytically ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organophosphorus_acid_anhydrolase
Unfolded protein responseUnfolded protein response
A23187 upregulates expression of ER stress proteins 2-deoxyglucose dithiothreitol reduces the disulfide bridges of proteins. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unfolded_protein_response
GPX3GPX3
The sources of reducing power for GPx-3 in vitro include GSH, cysteine, mercaptoethanol, and dithiothreitol. There is an ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPX3
MPGES-2MPGES-2
The activity of PTGES2 is thought to be increased in the presence of sulfhydryl compounds, in particular dithiothreitol. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPGES-2
Vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-sensitive)Vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-sensitive)
4-dithiothreitol Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 2-methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and oxidized dithiothreitol, ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone:oxidized-dithiothreitol oxidoreductase. This ... whereas its two products are 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydro-2-methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and 1,4-dithiothreitol. This enzyme ... oxidized dithiothreitol ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydro-2-methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone + 1, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin-K-epoxide_reductase_(warfarin-sensitive)
TCEPTCEP
Dithiothreitol will slowly over time absorb more and more light in this spectrum as various redox reactions occur. Ruegg, U.T ... TCEP can keep the cysteines from forming di-sulfide bonds and unlike dithiothreitol and β-mercaptoethanol, it will not react as ... Compared to the other two most common agents used for this purpose (dithiothreitol and β-mercaptoethanol), TCEP has the ... Rhee, S. S.; Burke, D. H. (2004). "Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine stabilization of RNA: comparison with dithiothreitol for use ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCEP
2-Mercaptoethanol2-Mercaptoethanol
However, since 2-mercaptoethanol forms adducts with free cysteines and is somewhat more toxic, dithiothreitol (DTT) is ... 2-Mercaptoethanol is often used interchangeably with dithiothreitol (DTT) or the odorless tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-Mercaptoethanol
Violaxanthin de-epoxidaseViolaxanthin de-epoxidase
... effects of dithiothreitol and pepstatin A". Plant & Cell Physiology. 40 (11): 1119-26. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029496. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violaxanthin_de-epoxidase
Coenzyme ACoenzyme A
Free CoA can be regenerated from CoA disulfide and mixed CoA disulfides with reducing agents such as dithiothreitol or 2- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coenzyme_A
Vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-insensitive)Vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-insensitive)
The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-phytyl-2,3-dihydronaphthoquinone:oxidized-dithi othreitol ... 4-dithiothreitol. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH or CH2 groups of ... 4-dithiothreitol Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-phytyl-2,3-dihydronaphthoquinone and oxidized ... oxidized dithiothreitol ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydro-2-methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone + 1, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin-K-epoxide_reductase_(warfarin-insensitive)
Differential extractionDifferential extraction
... uses a chemical called dithiothreitol (DTT) to disrupt the sulfur bonds in the protamines in order to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_extraction
DithiolDithiol
A common 1,4-dithiol is dithiothreitol (DTT), HSCH2CH(OH)CH(OH)CH2SH, sometimes called Cleland's reagent, for to reduce protein ... a vitamin Dithiothreitol, a reagent in protein biochemistry Geminal dithiols have the formula RR'C(SH)2. They are derived from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithiol
CD38CD38
This can be sidelined by either pretreatment of the erythrocytes with dithiothreitol (DTT) or by using an anti-CD38 antibody ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD38
DL-Dithiothreitol, 99.5%, MP Biomedicals™ | Fisher ScientificDL-Dithiothreitol, 99.5%, MP Biomedicals™ | Fisher Scientific
Shop DL-Dithiothreitol, 99.5%, MP Biomedicals™ at Fishersci.ca ...
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cellular biology | AG Scientific Blogcellular biology | AG Scientific Blog
Dithiothreitol aka Clelands Reagent. Dithiothreitol or DTT is also known as Cleland’s Reagent. It contains two thiol groups ...
https://agscientific.com/blog/tag/cellular-biology/
Plus itPlus it
... dithiothreitol; 5azadC, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine; wt, wild-type HNF1 sequence; per, perfect consensus sequence; mut, mutated ...
https://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/70/3/887
Chem SupplyChem Supply
1,4-Dithiothreitol 99.0% LR (CAS 3483-12-3), 100g. 1,4-Dithiothreitol 99.0% LR (CAS 3483-12-3), 100g.. ... 1,4-Dithiothreitol 99.0% LR (CAS 3483-12-3), 5g. 1,4-Dithiothreitol 99.0% LR (CAS 3483-12-3), 5g.. ...
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Automated Nucleic Acid Purification Systems Market Report 2021 Global by Key Players, Types, Applications, Countries, Market...Automated Nucleic Acid Purification Systems Market Report 2021 Global by Key Players, Types, Applications, Countries, Market...
Admission Essay: Essay on diwali in hindi for class 3rd professionally written papers!Admission Essay: Essay on diwali in hindi for class 3rd professionally written papers!
The survey was a relief to feel that the addition of dithiothreitol was used for writing develop- ment programmes for other ...
https://behavior.org/typer/essay-on-diwali-in-hindi-for-class-3rd/31/
Recombinant Cluster Of Differentiation 26 (CD26), Cat#RPU41207 - BiomatikRecombinant Cluster Of Differentiation 26 (CD26), Cat#RPU41207 - Biomatik
DL-Dithiothreitol [DTT], Cat#A2452 Quick view Wishlist DL-Dithiothreitol [DTT], Cat#A2452 ...
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Recombinant Caspase 8 (CASP8), Cat#RPU40684 - BiomatikRecombinant Caspase 8 (CASP8), Cat#RPU40684 - Biomatik
DL-Dithiothreitol [DTT], Cat#A2452 Quick view Wishlist DL-Dithiothreitol [DTT], Cat#A2452 ...
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An optimized protocol for isolation of soluble proteins from microalgae for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis -...An optimized protocol for isolation of soluble proteins from microalgae for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis -...
Dive into the research topics of An optimized protocol for isolation of soluble proteins from microalgae for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/an-optimized-protocol-for-isolation-of-soluble-proteins-from-micr/fingerprints/
Search on MyScienceWorks publications - page 100Search on MyScienceWork's publications - page 100
Dithiothreitol-based oxidative potential for airborne particulate matter: an estimation of the associated uncertainty. Molina, ... Among them, the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay has gained popularity due to its simplicity and overall low implementation cost. U ...
https://www.mysciencework.com/search/publications?facets%5Bjournal%5D%5B0%5D=Environmental%20science%20and%20pollution%20research%20international&page=100
Purchase MES hydrate [1266615-59-1] online • Catalog • ...Purchase MES hydrate [1266615-59-1] online • Catalog • ...
DTT (Dithiothreitol) [3483-12-3] Availablility: In Stock View Product ID: 19733320 ...
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Scientific Protocols - The sequential isolation of metabolites, RNA, DNA, and proteins from a single, undivided mixed...Scientific Protocols - The sequential isolation of metabolites, RNA, DNA, and proteins from a single, undivided mixed...
Dithiothreitol (Sigma Aldrich; ≥99.0%; 43819). Equipment. *Sampling tubes resistant to snap-freezing in liquid nitrogen (Falcon ...
https://protocols.scienceexchange.com/protocols/the-sequential-isolation-of-metabolites-rna-dna-and-proteins-from-a-single-undivided-mixed-microbial-community-sample
Ubiquigent | UBE2R1 (UbcH3) [6His-tagged]Ubiquigent | UBE2R1 (UbcH3) [6His-tagged]
50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 150 mM sodium chloride, 2 mM dithiothreitol, 10% glycerol ...
https://www.ubiquigent.com/u-product/6his-ube2r1-100/
Ubiquigent | UBE2C (UbcH10) [untagged]Ubiquigent | UBE2C (UbcH10) [untagged]
50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 150 mM sodium chloride, 2 mM dithiothreitol, 10% glycerol ...
https://www.ubiquigent.com/u-product/ube2c-20/
Ubiquigent | UBE2N (UBC13) [untagged]Ubiquigent | UBE2N (UBC13) [untagged]
50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 150 mM sodium chloride, 2 mM dithiothreitol, 10% glycerol ...
https://www.ubiquigent.com/u-product/ube2n-20/
How affinity of the ELT-2 GATA factor binding to cis-acting regulatory sites controls Caenorhabditis elegans intestinal gene...How affinity of the ELT-2 GATA factor binding to cis-acting regulatory sites controls Caenorhabditis elegans intestinal gene...
1 mM dithiothreitol, 4 U/ml RNAse inhibitor cocktail and protease inhibitors (Roche, used at 1× concentration, as specified by ...
https://journals.biologists.com/dev/article/147/14/dev190330/224368/How-affinity-of-the-ELT-2-GATA-factor-binding-to
microsoft word - d\351fience en ghb.docx)microsoft word - d\351fience en ghb.docx)
DL-dithiothreitol (DTT). Psychopharmacology 174, 283-290. Dalvi, A. and Rodgers, R. J. (1996) GABAergic influences on plusmaze ...
http://healthdrugpdf.com/c/commentaires.lesechos.fr1.html
A Quick Primer on Sugar Alcohols - Diabetes Information LibraryA Quick Primer on Sugar Alcohols - Diabetes Information Library
Dithiothreitol, and Glycerol. ...
http://diabetichealthinfo.com/sugar_alcohols/
Quality and thermal characterization of glutenin-rich fractions of wheat flour (Triticum aestivum) obtained by different...Quality and thermal characterization of glutenin-rich fractions of wheat flour (Triticum aestivum) obtained by different...
Our results indicate that addition of dithiothreitol improves glutenin extraction without interfering with protein secondary ...
https://akjournals.com/abstract/journals/066/48/3/article-p332.xml?rskey=31jvTI&result=10
Spectrophotometric determinations of traces of selenium by catalytic reduction of tetranitro blue tetrazolium<...Spectrophotometric determinations of traces of selenium by catalytic reduction of tetranitro blue tetrazolium<...
The method is based on the catalytic effect of selenium on the reduction of tetranitro blue tetrazolium by dithiothreitol; it ... N2 - The method is based on the catalytic effect of selenium on the reduction of tetranitro blue tetrazolium by dithiothreitol ... AB - The method is based on the catalytic effect of selenium on the reduction of tetranitro blue tetrazolium by dithiothreitol ... "The method is based on the catalytic effect of selenium on the reduction of tetranitro blue tetrazolium by dithiothreitol; it ...
https://ucdavis.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/spectrophotometric-determinations-of-traces-of-selenium-by-cataly
WB related solution-客製化抗體-盟基生物科技股份有WB related solution-客製化抗體-盟基生物科技股份有
5. 無臭 - 無惡臭氣味，且不添加2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME)或Dithiothreitol (DTT)。. 二、產品資訊. 貨號. 品名.
https://www.omicsbio.com/product-82.html
Data on the characterization of a platelet lysate and of the system in which it is included (nanoparticles/hydrogel), intended...Data on the characterization of a platelet lysate and of the system in which it is included (nanoparticles/hydrogel), intended...
... the efficient CPT launch habits of CPT-LA CNM was confirmed within the decreasing circumstances containing dithiothreitol (DTT ...
https://nmr-spectrometers.com/data-on-the-characterization-of-a-platelet-lysate-and-of-the-system-in-which-it-is-included-nanoparticles-hydrogel-intended-for-the-treatment-of-wounds/
Biomedical and Dental Materials - Biopolymers | CU Experts | CU BoulderBiomedical and Dental Materials - Biopolymers | CU Experts | CU Boulder
Transforming growth factor-beta induces formation of a dithiothreitol-resistant type I type II receptor complex in live cells ...
https://experts.colorado.edu/display/meshid_D25.720.099
usp labs proteinusp labs protein
After that, we reduce the sample with 1 M dithiothreitol (DTT) for 30 minutes, and add Alkylate in 0.5 M â ¦ 1 . USP Labs ...
http://costellonet.com/99u1h/usp-labs-protein-dd3471
Related articlesRelated articles
... and a drastic redistribution between the mass concentration and OP measured by both ascorbic acid and dithiothreitol is ...
https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/14/2987/2014/acp-14-2987-2014-relations.html
Minotech - Bgl IIMinotech - Bgl II
Unit calculation assay conditions: 100 mM NaCl, 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.9 @ 25°C), 10 mM MgCl2, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 100 μg/ml BSA ... Storage buffer: 50 mM KCl, 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 0.1 mM EDTA, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 200 μg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at ...
https://minotech.gr/index.php/products/bgl-ii
Minotech - EcoR VMinotech - EcoR V
Unit calculation assay conditions: 50 mM NaCl, 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.9 @ 25oC), 10 mM MgCl2, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 100 μg/ml ... Storage buffer: 50 mM KCl, 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 0.1 mM EDTA, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 200 μg/ml bovine serum albumin and 50% ...
https://minotech.gr/index.php/products/ecor-v
The relaxant activity of 4,7-dimethyl-1,2,5-oxadiazolo[3,4-d]-pyridazine 1,5,6-trioxide in the mouse corpus cavernosum | AVESİSThe relaxant activity of 4,7-dimethyl-1,2,5-oxadiazolo[3,4-d]-pyridazine 1,5,6-trioxide in the mouse corpus cavernosum | AVESİS
Exogenously added thiols L-cysteine or dithiothreitol inhibited the relaxant responses to FPTO but not to sodium nitroprusside ...
https://avesis.cu.edu.tr/yayin/87451896-dd4f-4456-a91b-7780e18a0424/the-relaxant-activity-of-4-7-dimethyl-1-2-5-oxadiazolo3-4-d-pyridazine-1-5-6-trioxide-in-the-mouse-corpus-cavernosum
Facile Access to Polymeric Vesicular Nanostructures: Remarkable ω-End group Effects in Cholesterol and Pyrene Functional (Co...Facile Access to Polymeric Vesicular Nanostructures: Remarkable ω-End group Effects in Cholesterol and Pyrene Functional (Co...
... facilitates the preparation of PDMA-based polymersomes capable of dithiothreitol-induced pyrene release as evidenced by ... of dithiothreitol as determined by UV−vis spectroscopy. ...
https://espace.curtin.edu.au/handle/20.500.11937/42743
buy 103-84-4 - Pharmacogenetics of BCR/ABL Inhibitorsbuy 103-84-4 - Pharmacogenetics of BCR/ABL Inhibitors
10 mM fresh dithiothreitol, 5 mM of each ribonucleotide triphosphate, 100 g/ml T7 Pol and 1 M DNA template. The response was ...
https://johnstoncassel.com/tag/buy-103-84-4/
Cleland's ReagentOxidationReagentsEDTACompoundsLigandCommonlyDescriptorAssayProteinsConsumptionProtectiveConcentrationStructureEffectCompoundHighTermsProductsCellsPublicationMethodDataAdditionOverviewLevelsPatientsPotential
Cleland's Reagent2
  • Dithiothreitol (DTT) is the common name for a small-molecule redox reagent also known as Cleland's reagent. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dithiothreitol, DTT or Cleland's reagent is a small-molecule redox reagent. (glentham.com)
Oxidation2
  • Dithiothreitol shelf life can be extended with refrigeration at 2-8 °C. Oxidation presents further complications as oxidized DTT exhibits a strong absorbance peak at 280 nm. (wikipedia.org)
  • Due to air oxidation, DL-dithiothreitol (DTT) is a relatively unstable compound whose useful life can be extended by refrigeration and handling in an inert atmosphere. (24marketreports.com)
Reagents1
  • Dithiothreitol (DTT) is the common name of the more popular of the two Cleland's Reagents (the other being Dithioerythritol or DTE). (goldbio.com)
EDTA1
  • EDTA ), and reducing agents like dithiothreitol (DTT). (wikipedia.org)
Compounds3
  • N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and Dithiothreitol (DTT), two compounds that prevent experimental amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the vitamin C - deficient guinea pig[1], were given to patients with motor neuron disease (MND). (springer.com)
  • The reduction of disulfide-containing compounds by Dithiothreitol is a two-step reaction. (cfmot.de)
  • Dithiol compounds such as dithiothreitol inhibited AA release from both the thimerosal- and the PAO-treated cells, and monothiol compounds (l-Cys and glutathione) decreased the thimerosal response. (biomedsearch.com)
Ligand1
  • Dithiothreitol markedly increased the ligand binding affinity of angiotensin II (AII) receptor type II (AT 2 ) without affecting its antagonist selectivity in cultured ovarian granulosa cells, demonstrating that this AT 2 is of the dithiothreitol-sensitive type. (elsevier.com)
Commonly2
  • Most commonly, Dithiothreitol is used to reduce disulfide bonds in peptides and proteins. (cfmot.de)
  • The most commonly used reductant is dithiothreitol (DTT). (thomassci.com)
Descriptor1
  • Dithiothreitol" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
Assay1
Proteins1
  • Dithiothreitol is an integral reagent, together with denaturants such as GdmCl, for the solubilization of proteins from inclusion bodies. (cfmot.de)
Consumption2
  • In consumption market, the global consumption value of DL-dithiothreitol (DTT) increases with the 4.55% average growth rate. (24marketreports.com)
  • To study and analyze the global DL-Dithiothreitol (DTT) consumption (value & volume) by key regions /countries, product type and application, history data from 2014 to 2018, and forecast to 2024. (24marketreports.com)
Protective1
  • The protective effect of hypoxia and dithiothreitol on X-ray-induced genetic damage in Arabidopsis. (wur.nl)
Concentration1
  • Dithiothreitol repairs up to 30% of DNA radicals, but an increase in the thiol concentration above 10 mM, even up to 1000 mM, does not further enhance the overall level of the repair process. (warwick.ac.uk)
Structure1
  • To understand the structure of DL-Dithiothreitol (DTT) market by identifying its various subsegments. (24marketreports.com)
Effect2
  • Effect of zinc and dithiothreitol (DTT) on LLER oligomerization. (nih.gov)
  • The effect of a thiol, dithiothreitol (DTT), on DNA radiolysis at cryogenic temperatures was investigated by the EPR method. (warwick.ac.uk)
Compound1
  • Dithiothreitol is the trans isomer of the compound 2,3-dihydroxy-1,4-dithiolbutane. (cfmot.de)
High2
  • High efficiency transformation by electroporation of Pichia pastoris pretreated with lithium acetate and dithiothreitol. (nih.gov)
  • We conclude that NAT1 expression is not directly regulated by E 2 , DHT, 3 β -adiol, or dithiothreitol despite high NAT1 and ESR1 expression in luminal A breast cancer cells, suggesting that ESR1 , XBP1, and NAT1 expression may share a common transcriptional network arising from the luminal epithelium associated with better survival in breast cancer. (aspetjournals.org)
Terms1
  • According to this study, over the next five years the DL-Dithiothreitol (DTT) market will register a 2.5% CAGR in terms of revenue, the global market size will reach US$ 1080 million by 2024, from US$ 950 million in 2019. (24marketreports.com)
Products1
  • With reducing action of DL-dithiothreitol (DTT), the downstream application industries will need more DL-dithiothreitol (DTT) products. (24marketreports.com)
Cells3
  • Herein, we used low-dose pharmacological UPR inducers such as tunicamycin (TM) and dithiothreitol (DTT) to efficiently activate the IRE1-XBP-1 pathway in myeloma cells characterized by transcriptional expression increase in spliced XBP-1 and molecular chaperons, accompanied by significant differentiation and maturation of these myeloma cells, without concomitant cytotoxicity. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Dithiothreitol (DTT) effectively suppressed the phenylarsine oxide-inhibited cellular reductive capacity, but unexpectedly, enhanced As 2 O 3 -induced apoptosis in NB4 cells. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Dithiothreitol increased levels of the activated, spliced XBP1 in ER α (+) MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells but did not affect NAT1 or ESR1 expression. (aspetjournals.org)
Publication1
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Dithiothreitol" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Dithiothreitol" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
Method1
  • International validation of a dithiothreitol (DTT)-based method to resolve the daratumumab interference with blood compatibility testing. (harvard.edu)
Data2
  • DL-Dithiothreitol Market also splits the market by region: Breakdown data in Chapter 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. (24marketreports.com)
  • The key manufacturers covered in DL-Dithiothreitol Market : Breakdown data in in Chapter 3. (24marketreports.com)
Addition2
  • In addition, DL-Dithiothreitol Market discusses the key drivers influencing market growth, opportunities, the challenges and the risks faced by key manufacturers and the market as a whole. (24marketreports.com)
  • Acid treatment of influenza A and B virus preparations followed by addition of dithiothreitol (DTT) and centrifugation through a sucrose cushion removes the HA1 subunit of hemagglutinin from virus. (nih.gov)
Overview1
  • DL-Dithiothreitol Market presents a comprehensive overview, market shares, and growth opportunities of DL-Dithiothreitol (DTT) market by product type, application, key manufacturers and key regions and countries. (24marketreports.com)
Levels1
  • Dithiothreitol is useful for specifically detecting low levels of the AT 2 in the ovary, where it plays roles that are probably related to atresia. (elsevier.com)
Patients1
  • Chisholm KM, Getsinger D, Vaughan W, Hwang PH, Banaei N. Pretreatment of sinus aspirates with dithiothreitol improves yield of fungal cultures in patients with chronic sinusitis. (harvard.edu)
Potential1
D-1,4-dithiothreitol (CHEBI:42170)
D-1,4-dithiothreitol (CHEBI:42170) (ebi.ac.uk)
Attempted Treatment of Motor Neuron Disease with N-Acetylcysteine and Dithiothreitol | SpringerLink
Attempted Treatment of Motor Neuron Disease with N-Acetylcysteine and Dithiothreitol | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Organics
Organics (mpbio.com)
General Biochemicals - Alfa Aesar
General Biochemicals - Alfa Aesar (alfa.com)
March 1998 - Volume 30 - Issue 3 : Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
March 1998 - Volume 30 - Issue 3 : Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (journals.lww.com)
Insight into the proteome of the hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeon Ignicoccus hospitalis: the major cytosolic and membrane...
Insight into the proteome of the hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeon Ignicoccus hospitalis: the major cytosolic and membrane... (link.springer.com)
Rho-kinase inhibitor inhibits both myosin phosphorylation-dependent and -independent enhancement of myofilament Ca2+...
Rho-kinase inhibitor inhibits both myosin phosphorylation-dependent and -independent enhancement of myofilament Ca2+... (onlinelibrary.wiley.com)
Isolation of the sulphur reductase and reconstitution of the sulphur respiration of Wolinella succinogenes | SpringerLink
Isolation of the sulphur reductase and reconstitution of the sulphur respiration of Wolinella succinogenes | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Dependency on de novo protein synthesis and proteomic changes during metamorphosis of the marine bryozoan Bugula neritina |...
Dependency on de novo protein synthesis and proteomic changes during metamorphosis of the marine bryozoan Bugula neritina |... (link.springer.com)
P53- and Bax-Mediated Apoptosis in Injured Rat Spinal Cord | SpringerLink
P53- and Bax-Mediated Apoptosis in Injured Rat Spinal Cord | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
High N-Acetyltransferase 1 Expression is Associated with Estrogen Receptor Expression in Breast Tumors, but is not Under Direct...
High N-Acetyltransferase 1 Expression is Associated with Estrogen Receptor Expression in Breast Tumors, but is not Under Direct... (jpet.aspetjournals.org)
Category:Sugar alcohols - Wikimedia Commons
Category:Sugar alcohols - Wikimedia Commons (commons.wikimedia.org)
Site-directed mutagenesis of cysteine residues of Luciola mingrelica firefly luciferase | SpringerLink
Site-directed mutagenesis of cysteine residues of Luciola mingrelica firefly luciferase | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
IJMS | Free Full-Text | The Stress-Inducible Protein DRR1 Exerts Distinct Effects on Actin Dynamics | HTML
IJMS | Free Full-Text | The Stress-Inducible Protein DRR1 Exerts Distinct Effects on Actin Dynamics | HTML (mdpi.com)
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Effects of the Emitted Light Spectrum of Liquid Crystal Displays on Light-Induced Retinal...
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Effects of the Emitted Light Spectrum of Liquid Crystal Displays on Light-Induced Retinal... (mdpi.com)
Hsp27-Actin Interaction
Hsp27-Actin Interaction (hindawi.com)
Demethylation of methionine and keratin damage in human hair | SpringerLink
Demethylation of methionine and keratin damage in human hair | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
A proteomic study of cysteine protease induced cell death in anthers of male sterile tobacco transgenic plants | SpringerLink
A proteomic study of cysteine protease induced cell death in anthers of male sterile tobacco transgenic plants | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Ultrapure Biochemicals - Alfa Aesar
Ultrapure Biochemicals - Alfa Aesar (alfa.com)
Plus it
Plus it (jneurosci.org)
Comparison of Heavy Labeled (SIL) Peptide versus SILAC Protein Internal Standards for LC-MS/MS Quantification of Hepatic Drug...
Comparison of Heavy Labeled (SIL) Peptide versus SILAC Protein Internal Standards for LC-MS/MS Quantification of Hepatic Drug... (hindawi.com)
Reduced-representation Phosphosignatures Measured by Quantitative Targeted MS Capture Cellular States and Enable Large-scale...
Reduced-representation Phosphosignatures Measured by Quantitative Targeted MS Capture Cellular States and Enable Large-scale... (mcponline.org)
Plus it
Plus it (mcponline.org)
Characterization and Analysis of Extracellular Matrix in Malignant Brain Tumors and Their Cellular Derivatives | SpringerLink
Characterization and Analysis of Extracellular Matrix in Malignant Brain Tumors and Their Cellular Derivatives | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Expression, purification and virucidal activity of two recombinant isoforms of phospholipase A 2 from Crotalus durissus...
Expression, purification and virucidal activity of two recombinant isoforms of phospholipase A 2 from Crotalus durissus... (link.springer.com)
Molecular Mechanisms of the Cardiotoxicity of the Proteasomal-Targeted Drugs Bortezomib and Carfilzomib | SpringerLink
Molecular Mechanisms of the Cardiotoxicity of the Proteasomal-Targeted Drugs Bortezomib and Carfilzomib | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Plus it
Plus it (mcponline.org)
Proteome analysis of the moss Physcomitrella patens (Hedw.) B.S.G. | SpringerLink
Proteome analysis of the moss Physcomitrella patens (Hedw.) B.S.G. | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
In-depth Proteome of the Hypopharyngeal Glands of Honeybee Workers Reveals Highly Activated Protein and Energy Metabolism in...
In-depth Proteome of the Hypopharyngeal Glands of Honeybee Workers Reveals Highly Activated Protein and Energy Metabolism in... (mcponline.org)
Protocols for Cellular Evaluation of Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer and Infectious Diseases | SpringerLink
Protocols for Cellular Evaluation of Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer and Infectious Diseases | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)