AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
DipeptidesCarnosineDipeptidasesNod2 Signaling Adaptor ProteinGlycylglycineDiketopiperazinesSymportersAnserineGlycopeptidesOligopeptidesAmino AcidsGlycineAmino Acid SequenceCathepsin CSubstrate SpecificityCefadroxilPeptidesDipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-PeptidasesCephalexinMolecular Sequence DataAlanineKineticsHydrolysisBiological TransportPeptide SynthasesAdjuvants, ImmunologicStructure-Activity RelationshipAminopeptidasesIntestinal AbsorptionLeucineStereoisomerismHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationProlinePeptidoglycanPeptides, CyclicIntestine, SmallDipeptidyl Peptidase 4Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinase 2Cord FactorsJejunumEscherichia coliMembrane Transport ProteinsPhenylalanineHartnup DiseaseModels, MolecularLeucyl AminopeptidaseCarrier Proteins
Dipeptides
Peptides composed of two amino acid units.
Carnosine
A naturally occurring dipeptide neuropeptide found in muscles.
Dipeptidases
EXOPEPTIDASES that specifically act on dipeptides. EC 3.4.13.
Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein
A NOD signaling adaptor protein that contains two C-terminal leucine-rich domains which recognize bacterial PEPTIDOGLYCAN. It signals via an N-terminal capase recruitment domain that interacts with other CARD SIGNALING ADAPTOR PROTEINS such as RIP SERINE-THEONINE KINASES. The protein plays a role in the host defense response by signaling the activation of CASPASES and the MAP KINASE SIGNALING SYSTEM. Mutations of the gene encoding the nucleotide oligomerization domain 2 protein have been associated with increased susceptibility to CROHN DISEASE.
Glycylglycine
The simplest of all peptides. It functions as a gamma-glutamyl acceptor.
Diketopiperazines
Piperazines with two keto oxygens.
Symporters
Membrane transporters that co-transport two or more dissimilar molecules in the same direction across a membrane. Usually the transport of one ion or molecule is against its electrochemical gradient and is "powered" by the movement of another ion or molecule with its electrochemical gradient.
Anserine
Glycopeptides
Proteins which contain carbohydrate groups attached covalently to the polypeptide chain. The protein moiety is the predominant group with the carbohydrate making up only a small percentage of the total weight.
Oligopeptides
Peptides composed of between two and twelve amino acids.
Amino Acids
Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.
Glycine
A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter.
Amino Acid Sequence
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Cathepsin C
A papain-like cysteine protease that has specificity for amino terminal dipeptides. The enzyme plays a role in the activation of several pro-inflammatory serine proteases by removal of their aminoterminal inhibitory dipeptides. Genetic mutations that cause loss of cathepsin C activity in humans are associated with PAPILLON-LEFEVRE DISEASE.
Substrate Specificity
A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.
Cefadroxil
Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.
Peptides
Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.
Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases
A subclass of exopeptidases that includes enzymes which cleave either two or three AMINO ACIDS from the end of a peptide chain.
Cephalexin
A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Alanine
A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Hydrolysis
The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water.
Biological Transport
The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.
Peptide Synthases
Ligases that catalyze the joining of adjacent AMINO ACIDS by the formation of carbon-nitrogen bonds between their carboxylic acid groups and amine groups.
Adjuvants, Immunologic
Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.
Structure-Activity Relationship
The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.
Aminopeptidases
A subclass of EXOPEPTIDASES that act on the free N terminus end of a polypeptide liberating a single amino acid residue. EC 3.4.11.
Intestinal Absorption
Uptake of substances through the lining of the INTESTINES.
Leucine
An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.
Stereoisomerism
The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Proline
A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.
Peptidoglycan
Peptides, Cyclic
Peptides whose amino and carboxy ends are linked together with a peptide bond forming a circular chain. Some of them are ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS. Some of them are biosynthesized non-ribosomally (PEPTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS, NON-RIBOSOMAL).
Intestine, Small
The portion of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT between the PYLORUS of the STOMACH and the ILEOCECAL VALVE of the LARGE INTESTINE. It is divisible into three portions: the DUODENUM, the JEJUNUM, and the ILEUM.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4
A serine protease that catalyses the release of an N-terminal dipeptide. Several biologically-active peptides have been identified as dipeptidyl peptidase 4 substrates including INCRETINS; NEUROPEPTIDES; and CHEMOKINES. The protein is also found bound to ADENOSINE DEAMINASE on the T-CELL surface and is believed to play a role in T-cell activation.
Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinase 2
A RIP serine-theonine kinase that contains a C-terminal caspase activation and recruitment domain. It can signal by associating with other CARD-signaling adaptor proteins and INITIATOR CASPASES that contain CARD domains within their N-terminal pro-domain region.
Cord Factors
Toxic glycolipids composed of trehalose dimycolate derivatives. They are produced by MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS and other species of MYCOBACTERIUM. They induce cellular dysfunction in animals.
Jejunum
The middle portion of the SMALL INTESTINE, between DUODENUM and ILEUM. It represents about 2/5 of the remaining portion of the small intestine below duodenum.
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Membrane Transport Proteins
Membrane proteins whose primary function is to facilitate the transport of molecules across a biological membrane. Included in this broad category are proteins involved in active transport (BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT, ACTIVE), facilitated transport and ION CHANNELS.
Phenylalanine
An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.
Hartnup Disease
An autosomal recessive disorder due to defective absorption of NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS by both the intestine and the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. The abnormal urinary loss of TRYPTOPHAN, a precursor of NIACIN, leads to a NICOTINAMIDE deficiency, PELLAGRA-like light-sensitive rash, CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, emotional instability, and aminoaciduria. Mutations involve the neurotransmitter transporter gene SLC6A19.
Models, Molecular
Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.
Leucyl Aminopeptidase
A zinc containing enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyzes the removal of the N-terminal amino acid from most L-peptides, particularly those with N-terminal leucine residues but not those with N-terminal lysine or arginine residues. This occurs in tissue cell cytosol, with high activity in the duodenum, liver, and kidney. The activity of this enzyme is commonly assayed using a leucine arylamide chromogenic substrate such as leucyl beta-naphthylamide.
Carrier Proteins
Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

A novel role for carbonic anhydrase: cytoplasmic pH gradient dissipation in mouse small intestinal enterocytes. (1/2681)

1. The spatial and temporal distribution of intracellular H+ ions in response to activation of a proton-coupled dipeptide transporter localized at the apical pole of mouse small intestinal isolated enterocytes was investigated using intracellular carboxy-SNARF-1 fluorescence in combination with whole-cell microspectrofluorimetry or confocal microscopy. 2. In Hepes-buffered Tyrode solution, application of the dipeptide Phe-Ala (10 mM) to a single enterocyte reduced pHi locally in the apical submembranous space. After a short delay (8 s), a fall of pHi occurred more slowly at the basal pole. 3. In the presence of CO2/HCO3--buffered Tyrode solution, the apical and basal rates of acidification were not significantly different and the time delay was reduced to 1 s or less. 4. Following application of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide (100 microM) in the presence of CO2/HCO3- buffer, addition of Phe-Ala once again produced a localized apical acidification that took 5 s to reach the basal pole. Basal acidification was slower than at the apical pole. 5. We conclude that acid influx due to proton-coupled dipeptide transport can lead to intracellular pH gradients and that intracellular carbonic anhydrase activity, by facilitating cytoplasmic H+ mobility, limits their magnitude and duration.  (+info)

Cluster of differentiation antigen 4 (CD4) endocytosis and adaptor complex binding require activation of the CD4 endocytosis signal by serine phosphorylation. (2/2681)

Cluster of differentiation antigen 4 (CD4), the T lymphocyte antigen receptor component and human immunodeficiency virus coreceptor, is down-modulated when cells are activated by antigen or phorbol esters. During down-modulation CD4 dissociates from p56(lck), undergoes endocytosis through clathrin-coated pits, and is then sorted in early endosomes to late endocytic organelles where it is degraded. Previous studies have suggested that phosphorylation and a dileucine sequence are required for down-modulation. Using transfected HeLa cells, in which CD4 endocytosis can be studied in the absence of p56(lck), we show that the dileucine sequence in the cytoplasmic domain is essential for clathrin-mediated CD4 endocytosis. However, this sequence is only functional as an endocytosis signal when neighboring serine residues are phosphorylated. Phosphoserine is required for rapid endocytosis because CD4 molecules in which the cytoplasmic domain serine residues are substituted with glutamic acid residues are not internalized efficiently. Using surface plasmon resonance, we show that CD4 peptides containing the dileucine sequence bind weakly to clathrin adaptor protein complexes 2 and 1. The affinity of this interaction is increased 350- to 700-fold when the peptides also contain phosphoserine residues.  (+info)

Caspase-dependent activation of calpain during drug-induced apoptosis. (3/2681)

We have previously demonstrated that calpain is responsible for the cleavage of Bax, a proapoptotic protein, during drug-induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells (Wood, D. E., Thomas, A., Devi, L. A., Berman, Y., Beavis, R. C., Reed, J. C., and Newcomb, E. W. (1998) Oncogene 17, 1069-1078). Here we show the sequential activation of caspases and calpain during drug-induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells. Time course experiments using the topoisomerase I inhibitor 9-amino-20(S)-camptothecin revealed that cleavage of caspase-3 substrates poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and the retinoblastoma protein as well as DNA fragmentation occurred several hours before calpain activation and Bax cleavage. Pretreatment with the calpain inhibitor calpeptin blocked calpain activation and Bax cleavage but did not inhibit PARP cleavage, DNA fragmentation, or 9-amino-20(S)-camptothecin-induced morphological changes and cell death. Pretreatment with the pan-caspase inhibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone (Z-VAD-fmk) inhibited PARP cleavage, DNA fragmentation, calpain activation, and Bax cleavage and increased cell survival by 40%. Interestingly, Z-VAD-fmk-treated cells died in a caspase- and calpain-independent manner that appeared morphologically distinct from apoptosis. Our results suggest that excessive or uncontrolled calpain activity may play a role downstream of and distinct from caspases in the degradation phase of apoptosis.  (+info)

Posttranslational regulation of the retinoblastoma gene family member p107 by calpain protease. (4/2681)

The retinoblastoma protein plays a critical role in regulating the G1/S transition. Less is known about the function and regulation of the homologous pocket protein p107. Here we present evidence for the posttranslational regulation of p107 by the Ca2+-activated protease calpain. Three negative growth regulators, the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor lovastatin, the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil, and the cyclic nucleotide dibutyryl cAMP were found to induce cell type-specific loss of p107 protein which was reversible by the calpain inhibitor leucyl-leucyl-norleucinal but not by the serine protease inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride, caspase inhibitors, or lactacystin, a specific inhibitor of the 26S proteasome. Purified calpain induced Ca2+-dependent p107 degradation in cell lysates. Transient expression of the specific calpain inhibitor calpastatin blocked the loss of p107 protein in lovastatin-treated cells, and the half-life of p107 was markedly lengthened in lovastatian-treated cells stably transfected with a calpastatin expression vector versus cells transfected with vector alone. The data presented here demonstrate down-regulation of p107 protein in response to various antiproliferative signals, and implicate calpain in p107 posttranslational regulation.  (+info)

Multiplicity of the H+-dependent transport mechanism of dipeptide and anionic beta-lactam antibiotic ceftibuten in rat intestinal brush-border membrane. (5/2681)

To elucidate the transport characteristics of the H+/dipeptide carrier that recognizes the orally active beta-lactam antibiotic ceftibuten, the uptake behaviors were compared of ceftibuten and Gly-Sar by rat intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles. The results show that 1) both the uptake of ceftibuten and that of Gly-Sar were dependent on an inwardly directed H+ gradient; 2) anionic compounds such as hippurylphenyllactic acid competitively inhibited ceftibuten uptake in the presence of H+ gradient, whereas this anion did not inhibit Gly-Sar uptake; and 3) the carrier-mediated uptake of ceftibuten did not disappear even in the presence of 20 mM Gly-Sar. The results provide an evidence that several transporters with different features are potentially responsible for the uptake of beta-lactam antibiotics into the intestinal cells. It is suggested that the dianionic beta-lactam antibiotics that carry a net negative charge such as ceftibuten use multiple H+-dependent transport systems for absorption.  (+info)

Interactions of a nonpeptidic drug, valacyclovir, with the human intestinal peptide transporter (hPEPT1) expressed in a mammalian cell line. (6/2681)

The results of previous work performed in our laboratory using an in situ perfusion technique in rats and rabbit apical brush border membrane vesicles have suggested that the intestinal uptake of valacyclovir (VACV) appears to be mediated by multiple membrane transporters. Using these techniques, it is difficult to characterize the transport kinetics of VACV with each individual transporter in the presence of multiple known or unknown transporters. The purpose of this study was to characterize the interaction of VACV and the human intestinal peptide transporter using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells that overexpress the human intestinal peptide transporter (hPEPT1) gene. VACV uptake was significantly greater in CHO cells transfected with hPEPT1 than in cells transfected with only the vector, pcDNA3. The optimum pH for VACV uptake was determined to occur at pH 7.5. Proton cotransport was not observed in hPEPT1/CHO cells, consistent with previously observed results in tissues and Caco-2 cells. VACV uptake was concentration dependent and saturable with a Michaelis-Menten constant and maximum velocity of 1.64 +/- 0.06 mM and 23.34 +/- 0.36 nmol/mg protein/5 min, respectively. A very similar Km value was obtained in hPEPT1/CHO cells and in rat and rabbit tissues and Caco-2 cells, suggesting that hPEPT1 dominates the intestinal transport properties of VACV in vitro. VACV uptake was markedly inhibited by various dipeptides and beta-lactam antibiotics, and Ki values of 12.8 +/- 2.7 and 9.1 +/- 1.2 mM were obtained for Gly-Sar and cefadroxil at pH 7.5, respectively. The present results demonstrate that VACV is a substrate for the human intestinal peptide transporter in hPEPT1/CHO cells and that although transport is pH dependent, proton cotransport is not apparent. Also, the results demonstrate that the hPEPT1/CHO cell system has use in investigating the transport kinetics of drugs with the human intestinal peptide transporter hPEPT1; however, the extrapolation of these transport properties to the in vivo situation requires further investigation.  (+info)

Allosteric modulation of BPTI interaction with human alpha- and zeta-thrombin. (7/2681)

In this study, thrombin interaction with the basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) was investigated in the presence of different allosteric modulators of thrombin, that is the C-terminal hirudin peptide 54-65 (Hir54-65), a recombinant thrombomodulin form (TMEGF4-6) and Na+. BPTI binding to alpha-thrombin is positively linked to Na+. Under low sodium concentration (5 mM Na+) the BPTI affinity for alpha-thrombin was roughly threefold lower than in the presence of 150 mM sodium (Ki = 320 microM vs. 100 microM). The hirudin fragment, which binds to the fibrinogen recognition site (FRS) of thrombin, induced a progressive and saturable decrease (3.6-fold) of alpha-thrombin affinity for BPTI, whereas the thrombomodulin peptide, which binds to a more extended region of FRS, caused a 5.5-fold increase of the enzyme affinity for the inhibitor. The opposite effect exerted by Hir54-65 and TMEGF4-6 was also observed for BPTI interaction with zeta-thrombin, in which the amidic bond between W148 and T149 is cleaved. However, in this case the effect by Hir54-65 and TMEGF4-6, although qualitatively similar to that observed with alpha-thrombin, had a smaller magnitude. Thrombin hydrolysis of Protein C was also differently affected by Hir54-65 and TMEGF4-6 peptides. While the latter enhanced the Protein C activation, the former caused a reduction of both alpha- and zeta-thrombin kcat/K(m)' for Protein C cleavage. These results showed that (a) Na+ facilitates BPTI interaction with thrombin; (b) Hir54-65 and TMEGF4-6, though sharing in part the same binding site at the thrombin FRS, can affect in opposite way thrombin's interaction with BPTI and Protein C; (c) such findings along with the results obtained with zeta-thrombin might be explained by admitting that the thermodynamic linkage between FRS and the critical W60-loop is also controlled by ligation and/or conformational state of the W148 insertion loop.  (+info)

Bifunctional inhibitors of the trypsin-like activity of eukaryotic proteasomes. (8/2681)

BACKGROUND: The 20S proteasome is a multicatalytic protease complex that exhibits trypsin-like, chymotrypsin-like and post-glutamyl-peptide hydrolytic activities associated with the active sites of the beta2, beta5 and beta1 subunits, respectively. Modulation of these activities using inhibitors is essential for a better understanding of the proteasome's mechanism of action. Although there are highly selective inhibitors of the proteasome's chymotryptic activity, inhibitors of similar specificity have not yet been identified for the other activities. RESULTS: The X-ray structure of the yeast proteasome reveals that the sidechain of Cys118 of the beta3 subunit protrudes into the S3 subsite of the beta2 active site. The location of this residue was exploited for the rational design of bidentated inhibitors containing a maleinimide moiety at the P3 position for covalent linkage to the thiol group and a carboxy-terminal aldehyde group for hemiacetal formation with the Thr1 hydroxyl group of the active site. Structure-based modelling was used to determine the optimal spacing of the maleinimide group from the P2-P1 dipeptide aldehydes and the specificity of the S1 subsite was exploited to limit the inhibitory activity to the beta2 active site. X-ray crystallographic analysis of a yeast proteasome-inhibitor adduct confirmed the expected irreversible binding of the inhibitor to the P3 subsite. CONCLUSIONS: Maleoyl-beta-alanyl-valyl-arginal is a new type of inhibitor that is highly selective for the trypsin-like activity of eukaryotic proteasomes. Despite the reactivity of the maleinimide group towards thiols, and therefore the limited use of this inhibitor for in vitro studies, it might represent an interesting new biochemical tool.  (+info)

Mechanism of L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester-mediated killing of cytotoxic lymphocytes: Dependence on a lysosomal thiol...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Mechanism of L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester-mediated killing of cytotoxic lymphocytes. T2 - Dependence on a lysosomal thiol protease, dipeptidyl peptidase I, that is enriched in these cells. AU - Thiele, Dwain L. AU - Lipsky, Peter E.. PY - 1990. Y1 - 1990. N2 - Exposure of murine or human lymphocytes to L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester (Leu-Leu-OMe) results in selective killing of cytotoxic lymphocytes, whereas helper T cells and B cells remain functionally intact. Cytolytic lymphocytes incubated in the presence of toxic concentrations of Leu-Leu-OMe were found to contain membranolytic metabolites of the structure (Leu-Leu)n-OMe, where n ≥ 3. The sensitivity of cytotoxic lymphocytes to Leu-Leu-OMe was found to be dependent upon production of these metabolites by a lysosomal thiol protease, dipeptidyl peptidase I, which is present at far higher levels in cytotoxic lymphocytes than in cells without cytolytic potential or not of bone marrow origin. Thus, this granule enzyme is ...
https://utsouthwestern.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/mechanism-of-l-leucyl-l-leucine-methyl-ester-mediated-killing-of-
Synthesis and application of dipeptides; current status and perspectives | Semantic ScholarSynthesis and application of dipeptides; current status and perspectives | Semantic Scholar
In this review, aspartame and Ala-Gln are produced using different industrial processes, the manufacturing processes of these two dipeptides are compared to clarify the characteristics of each procedure. The functions and applications of l-α-dipeptides (dipeptides) have been poorly studied compared with proteins or amino acids. Only a few dipeptides, such as aspartame (l-aspartyl-l-phenylalanine methyl ester) and l-alanyl-l-glutamine (Ala-Gln), are commercially used. This can be attributed to the lack of an efficient process for dipeptide production though various chemical or chemoenzymatic method have been reported. Recently, however, novel methods have arisen for dipeptide synthesis including a nonribosomal peptide-synthetase-based method and an l-amino acid α-ligase-based method, both of which enable dipeptides to be produced through fermentative processes. Since it has been revealed that some dipeptides have unique physiological functions, the progress in production methods will undoubtedly
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Synthesis-and-application-of-dipeptides%3B-current-Yagasaki-Hashimoto/73c39d714034a270a27b4a14f617cbe4220b872d
Effects of sodium replacement on uptake of the dipeptide glycylsarcosine by hamster jejunum in vitro | Clinical Science |...Effects of sodium replacement on uptake of the dipeptide glycylsarcosine by hamster jejunum in vitro | Clinical Science |...
1. We report observations on transport of the hydrolysis-resistant dipeptide glycylsarcosine by rings of everted hamster jejunum in vitro in the presence and absence of Na+, using several substituents for Na+: Li+, K+, Cs+, Tris, choline and mannitol.. 2. At most concentrations, mediated influx of glycylsarcosine was depressed by Li+, K+, Cs+ and Tris, though not abolished. At high concentrations, it was moderately increased by choline and mannitol. Under conditions in which the tissue could concentrate the peptide in the presence of Na+, uptake was greatly depressed by all the substituents and the ability to concentrate was abolished.. 3. The Kt of mediated influx was affected in different ways according to the substituent used. Kt was reduced by Li+ replacement of Na+ and increased by choline replacement. Vmax. was greatly reduced by all metallic substituents but not by non-metallic substituents.. 4. Though the results cannot yet be satisfactorily interpreted, they suggest possible reasons for ...
https://portlandpress.com/clinsci/article-abstract/73/1/61/74260/Effects-of-sodium-replacement-on-uptake-of-the?redirectedFrom=fulltext
H<sup>+</sup>/dipeptide absorption across the human intestinal epithelium is controlled indirectly via a functional Na<sup>+<...H<sup>+</sup>/dipeptide absorption across the human intestinal epithelium is controlled indirectly via a functional Na<sup>+<...
Background & Aims: For optimal nutrient absorption to occur, the enterocyte must express a range of specialist ion-driven carrier proteins that function cooperatively in a linked and mutually dependent fashion. Thus, absorption via the human intestinal H+-coupled di/tripeptide transporter (hPepT1) is dependent on maintenance of the trans-apical driving force (the H+-electrochemical gradient) established, in part, by brush-border Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE3) activity. This study aimed to examine whether physiologic regulation of NHE3 activity can limit hPepT1 capacity and, therefore, protein absorption after a meal. Methods: hPepT1 and NHE3 activities were determined in intact human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell monolayers by measurements of [14C]glycylsarcosine transport and uptake, 22Na+-influx, H+-influx, and H+-efflux. Expression of NHE regulatory factors was determined by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results: Optimal dipeptide transport was observed in the presence of a ...
https://eprint.ncl.ac.uk/65266
Cloning and functional expression in Escherichia coli of the gene encoding the di- and tripeptide transport protein of...Cloning and functional expression in Escherichia coli of the gene encoding the di- and tripeptide transport protein of...
The gene encoding the di- and tripeptide transport protein (DtpT) of Lactobacillus helveticus (DtpTLH) was cloned with the aid of the inverse PCR technique and used to complement the dipeptide transport-deficient and proline-auxotrophic Escherichia coli E1772. Functional expression of the peptide transporter was shown by the uptake of prolyl-[14C] alanine in whole cells and membrane vesicles. Peptide transport via DtpT in membrane vesicles is driven by the proton motive force. The system has specificity for di- and tripeptides but not for amino acids or tetrapeptides. The dtpTLH gene consists of 1,491 bp, which translates into a 497-amino-acid polypeptide. DtpTLH shows 34% identity to the di- and tripeptide transport protein of Lactococcus lactis and is also homologous to various peptide transporters of eukaryotic origin, but the similarity between these proteins is confined mainly to the N-terminal halves.. ...
https://aem.asm.org/content/63/6/2213
Transepithelial dipeptide (glycylsarcosine) transport across epithelial monolayers of human Caco-2 cells is rheogenic - ePrints...Transepithelial dipeptide (glycylsarcosine) transport across epithelial monolayers of human Caco-2 cells is rheogenic - ePrints...
Author(s): Hirst BH; Simmons NL; Thwaites DT; McEwan GTA. Publication type: Article. Publication status: Published. Journal: Pfluegers Archiv: European Journal of Physiology. Year: 1993. Volume: 425. Issue: 1-2. Pages: 178-180. Print publication date: 01/10/1993. ISSN (print): 0031-6768. ISSN (electronic): 1432-2013. Publisher: Springer. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00374520. DOI: 10.1007/BF00374520. PubMed id: 8272376. ...
https://eprint.ncl.ac.uk/25637
Drug inhibition of Gly-Sar uptake and hPepT1 localization using hPepT1-GFP fusion protein<...Drug inhibition of Gly-Sar uptake and hPepT1 localization using hPepT1-GFP fusion protein<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Drug inhibition of Gly-Sar uptake and hPepT1 localization using hPepT1-GFP fusion protein. AU - Sun, Duxin. AU - Landowski, Christopher P.. AU - Chu, Xiaoyan. AU - Wallsten, Richard. AU - Komorowski, Thomas E.. AU - Fleisher, David. AU - Amidon, Gordon L.. PY - 2001/12/1. Y1 - 2001/12/1. N2 - An hPepT1-GFP fusion construct was made to study drug inhibition of dipeptide uptake and apical, basolateral, or subcellular hPepT1 localization. The hPepT1 stop codon was mutated by polymerase chain reaction and was subsequently cloned into the pEGFP-N1 vector. The hPepT1-GFP fusion construct was then transfected into Caco-2 and HeLa cells, and drug inhibition was studied by inhibiting 3H-Gly-Sar uptake. Western blot analysis was used to determine hPepT1-GFP expression levels and confocal microscopy was used to examine the localization. Both anti-hPepT1 antibody and anti-GFP antibody recognized a 120kd hPepT1-GFP fusion protein in the transfected cells. The 3H-Gly-Sar uptake in transfected ...
https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/drug-inhibition-of-gly-sar-uptake-and-hpept1-localization-using-h
exercises:2014 uzh molsim:alanine dipeptide [CP2K Open Source Molecular Dynamics ]exercises:2014 uzh molsim:alanine dipeptide [CP2K Open Source Molecular Dynamics ]
Alanine dipeptide is one of the simplest molecules that exhibits some important features common to larger biomolecules. In particular, it has more than one long-lived conformation, which we will identify in this exercise by mapping out its potential energy surface. The conformations of alanine dipeptide are characterized by the dihedral angles of the backbone. Below, we color carbons in green, hydrogens in white, oxygen in red and nitrogen in blue, i.e. the torsional angle $\phi$ is C-N-C-C, while $\psi$ is N-C-C-N along the backbone. ...
https://www.cp2k.org/exercises:2014_uzh_molsim:alanine_dipeptide
L-amino acid ligase from Pseudomonas syringae producing tabtoxin can be used for enzymatic synthesis of various functional...L-amino acid ligase from Pseudomonas syringae producing tabtoxin can be used for enzymatic synthesis of various functional...
Functional peptides are expected to be beneficial compounds that improve our quality of life. To address the growing need for functional peptides, we have examined peptide synthesis by using microbial enzymes. l-Amino acid ligase (Lal) catalyzes the condensation of unprotected amino acids in an ATP-dependent manner and is applicable to fermentative production. Hence, Lal is a promising enzyme to achieve cost-effective synthesis. To obtain a Lal with novel substrate specificity, we focused on the putative Lal involved in the biosynthesis of the dipeptidic phytotoxin designated tabtoxin. The tabS gene was cloned from Pseudomonas syringae NBRC14081 and overexpressed in Escherichia coli cells. The recombinant TabS protein produced showed the broadest substrate specificity of any known Lal; it detected 136 of 231 combinations of amino acid substrates when dipeptide synthesis was examined. In addition, some new substrate specificities were identified and unusual amino acids, e.g., l-pipecolic acid, hydroxy-l
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/L-amino-acid-ligase-from-Pseudomonas-syringae-prod-Arai-Arimura/ad080949d4ef5226e2971a2e19305e1c72504128
Structure-function studies on the mammalian intestinal dipeptide transporter hPEPT1 :: University of Southern California...
Intestinal protein digestion generates a massive variety and quantity of short chain peptides that are later absorbed into small intestinal epithelial cells by the di/tri-peptide transporter (PEPT1) on the apical membrane of enterocytes. PEPT1 functions as an electrogenic proton/peptide symporter with the ability to transport most di- and tripeptide arising from food digestion. It also has significance in its ability to transport pharmacologically active drugs. Due to its uniquely broad substrate specificity and high capacity, hPEPT1 has been suggested to be relevant drug targets at the level of drug transport. Substrate docking studies to identify specific interactions between the substrate and transporter would be facilitated by crystallization of hPEPT1; however, crystallization of hPEPT1 protein is currently unapproachable due to the size of the protein and the requirement of a lipid membrane to retain tertiary. My research built on the rudimentary computer model of hPEPT1 generated by Dr. ...
http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/368654/rec/97
L-alanine-L-anticapsin ligase(EC 6.3.2.49) - Creative EnzymesL-alanine-L-anticapsin ligase(EC 6.3.2.49) - Creative Enzymes
The enzyme, characterized from the bacterium Bacillus subtilis, is involved in the biosynthesis of the nonribosomally synthesized dipeptide antibiotic bacilysin, composed
https://www.creative-enzymes.com/product/LalanineLanticapsin-Ligase_15936.html
3-[(4R)-4-hydroxycyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl]-2-oxopropanoate isomerase - Creative Enzymes3-[(4R)-4-hydroxycyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl]-2-oxopropanoate isomerase - Creative Enzymes
The enzyme, characterized from the bacterium Bacillus subtilis, is involved in the biosynthesis of the nonribosomally synthesized dipeptide antibiotic bacilysin, composed
https://www.creative-enzymes.com/product/3-4R-4hydroxycyclohexa15dien1yl2oxopropanoate-Isomerase_15666.html
Structural and spectroscopic investigation on antioxidant dipeptide, L-Methionyl-L-Serine: A combined experimental and DFT...Structural and spectroscopic investigation on antioxidant dipeptide, L-Methionyl-L-Serine: A combined experimental and DFT...
The focus of this study is to determine the conformational, structural and vibrational properties of Methionyl-Serine dipeptide (L-Methionyl-L-Serine, Met-Ser), a biological active molecule. To investigate their energetically preferred conformations, molecular mechanics methods were utilized to determine the optimal conformations of the 3402 different dihedral angle values of the backbone and side chains. It was found that the extended (e) backbone shape in the LB conformational range was the most stable LMethionyl-L-Serine dipeptide conformation, with 3.12 kcal/mol of energy. Density Functional Theory (DFT) was used to determine the optimized geometry, the vibrational wavenumbers and modes of the title dipeptide values, with 6-31G (d,p) and 6-311++G (d,p) basis sets. The potential energy distribution data was used to carry out the assignment of the bands. In addition, the vibrational spectra of the most stable conformer and its dimer form were determined and the obtained results were compared ...
https://avesis.istanbul.edu.tr/yayin/91e5f41a-aea2-40a5-8541-3a227e691bc6/structural-and-spectroscopic-investigation-on-antioxidant-dipeptide-l-methionyl-l-serine-a-combined-experimental-and-dft-study
Structural and spectroscopic investigation on antioxidant dipeptide, L-Methionyl-L-Serine: A combined experimental and DFT...Structural and spectroscopic investigation on antioxidant dipeptide, L-Methionyl-L-Serine: A combined experimental and DFT...
The focus of this study is to determine the conformational, structural and vibrational properties of Methionyl-Serine dipeptide (L-Methionyl-L-Serine, Met-Ser), a biological active molecule. To investigate their energetically preferred conformations, molecular mechanics methods were utilized to determine the optimal conformations of the 3402 different dihedral angle values of the backbone and side chains. It was found that the extended (e) backbone shape in the LB conformational range was the most stable LMethionyl-L-Serine dipeptide conformation, with 3.12 kcal/mol of energy. Density Functional Theory (DFT) was used to determine the optimized geometry, the vibrational wavenumbers and modes of the title dipeptide values, with 6-31G (d,p) and 6-311++G (d,p) basis sets. The potential energy distribution data was used to carry out the assignment of the bands. In addition, the vibrational spectra of the most stable conformer and its dimer form were determined and the obtained results were compared ...
https://avesis.istanbulc.edu.tr/yayin/91e5f41a-aea2-40a5-8541-3a227e691bc6/structural-and-spectroscopic-investigation-on-antioxidant-dipeptide-l-methionyl-l-serine-a-combined-experimental-and-dft-study
The Building Blocks for Producing Quality Biologics - biotechTODAY
Evonik is helping to overcome these bioprocessing challenges and is optimizing cell culture performance with its cQrex® portfolio, an innovative range of media ingredients and amino acid dipeptide formulations. Dipeptides consist of two identical or different amino acids joined together. They offer an alternative for supplying amino acids to production cultures, where they are taken up by cells and then broken down again into their individual amino acids.. We have chemically coupled the key problematic amino acids with carrier amino acids to create dipeptides that overcome the chemical limitations commonly associated with the free amino acid forms, said Schilling.. The cQrex® dipeptides from Evonik are specially designed for high-density cell culture applications. The portfolio includes different dipeptide alternatives to meet specific cell line and process requirements. Their high stability, solubility, and bioavailability eliminate the need for high pH levels, simplifying the biologics ...
https://biotechtoday.ca/news/the-building-blocks-for-producing-quality-biologics/
exercises:2017 ethz mmm:alanine dipeptide [CP2K Open Source Molecular Dynamics ]exercises:2017 ethz mmm:alanine dipeptide [CP2K Open Source Molecular Dynamics ]
Alanine dipeptide is often studied in theoretical work because it is among the simplest systems to exhibit some of the important features common to biomolecules. It has more than one long-lived conformational state. The relevant angles are the dihedral angles of the backbone, commonly called Φ and Ψ (see figure). In the following scheme, light blue atoms are carbons, white ones are hydrogens, red are oxygens, and blue are nitrogens. So the torsional angle Φ is C-N-C-C and Ψ is N-C-C-N along the backbone ...
https://www.cp2k.org/exercises:2017_ethz_mmm:alanine_dipeptide?rev=1487757669&do=diff
Amino-PEG5-t-butyl ester >= 95 % | 1446282-18-3 | Sigma...Amino-PEG5-t-butyl ester >= 95 % | 1446282-18-3 | Sigma...
Amino-PEG5-t-butyl ester ≥95%; CAS Number: 1446282-18-3; Synonym: tert-Butyl-1-amino-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaoctadecan-18-oate, H2N-PEG5-CH2CH2COOtBu; Linear Formula: C17H35NO7; find Sigma-Aldrich-902527 MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich.
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/aldrich/902527?lang=en®ion=US
A Secret Weapon For Internet Tutorial Metal Building Homes Plans
Figure seven summarizes the technique adopted during the AMBER drive fields to create the (-)OOC-terminal or C-terminal fragment, having the dimethylalanine residue for example. This C-terminal fragment is attained by utilizing the two molecules strategy reported Earlier for that N-terminal 1: acetate as well as dimethylalanine dipeptide are associated with the technique. Power industry era for this fragment is performed by environment to a worth of get more info zero two different constraints in the course of the fitting stage: (i) an inter-molecular cost constraint between the methyl group of acetate as well as CO-NHMe group of atoms from the capped amino acid, and (ii) an intra-molecular demand constraint for the MeCO group on the capped amino acid ...
http://reidafjnq.tinyblogging.com/A-Secret-Weapon-For-Internet-Tutorial-Metal-Building-Homes-Plans-10872936
Isoacyl Dipeptides Peptide synthesis building blocks AAPPTecIsoacyl Dipeptides Peptide synthesis building blocks AAPPTec
Peptide synthesis utilizing isoacyl dipeptides minimizes the formation of impurities and improves the yield of aggregation-prone hydrophobic peptides.
https://www.peptide.com/2019/08/07/isoacyl-dipeptides/
Correlation and prediction of gene expression level from amino acid and dipeptide composition of its protein | BMC...Correlation and prediction of gene expression level from amino acid and dipeptide composition of its protein | BMC...
A large number of papers have been published on analysis of microarray data with particular emphasis on normalization of data, detection of differentially expressed genes, clustering of genes and regulatory network. On other hand there are only few studies on relation between expression level and composition of nucleotide/protein sequence, using expression data. There is a need to understand why particular genes/proteins express more in particular conditions. In this study, we analyze 3468 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae obtained from Holstege et al., (1998) to understand the relationship between expression level and amino acid composition. We compute the correlation between expression of a gene and amino acid composition of its protein. It was observed that some residues (like Ala, Gly, Arg and Val) have significant positive correlation (r | 0.20) and some other residues (Like Asp, Leu, Asn and Ser) have negative correlation (r | -0.15) with the expression of genes. A significant negative correlation
https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2105-6-59
Patent US4352752 - Process for the preparation of dipeptides - Google PatentsPatent US4352752 - Process for the preparation of dipeptides - Google Patents
There is provided a novel process for the preparation of a dipeptide represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein Ar represents an aromatic group; R1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group; R2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aromatic group; Y represents a hydroxy group, an amino group or an acylamino group, which comprises subjecting a β-lactam compound represented by the formula: ##STR2## wherein Ar, R1 and R2 have the same meanings as defined above, and X represents a hydroxy group, an amino group or an acylamino group, an azido group or a benzyloxy group, to hydrogenolysis in the presence of a catalyst. The process can be practiced without any complicated procedure as seen in the conventional processes for the preparation of peptides.
http://www.google.com/patents/US4352752?dq=6650327
AID 24490 - Compound was evaluated for its stability and enzymatic cleavage of dipeptide linker at pH 7, 37 degree C.; 5-6 h -...AID 24490 - Compound was evaluated for its stability and enzymatic cleavage of dipeptide linker at pH 7, 37 degree C.; 5-6 h -...
BioAssay record AID 24490 submitted by ChEMBL: Compound was evaluated for its stability and enzymatic cleavage of dipeptide linker at pH 7, 37 degree C.; 5-6 h.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/24490
EP 1483284 A2 20041208 - SELECTIVE DIPEPTIDE INHIBITORS OF KALLIKREINEP 1483284 A2 20041208 - SELECTIVE DIPEPTIDE INHIBITORS OF KALLIKREIN
287519680 - EP 1483284 A2 2004-12-08 - SELECTIVE DIPEPTIDE INHIBITORS OF KALLIKREIN - [origin: WO03076458A2] Compounds of general formula 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein R1 is selected from H, lower alkyl, R4-CO, R4-O2CCH2, R5-OCO and R5-SO2 R2 is selected from lower alkyl, cycloalkyl optionally substituted with an alkyl or alkyloxy group, C5-C12cycloalkylalkyl optionally substituted with an alkyl or alkyloxy group, aralkyl optionally substituted with up to three groups chosen from F, CI, Br, I, OH, lower alkyl, O-lower alkyl, O-benzyl, NH2, NO2, NH-acyl, CN and CF3, and aralkyloxymethyl optionally substituted with up to three groups chosen from F, CI, Br, OH, lower alkyl and O-lower alkyl or R1 and R2 together are an o-xylylene group optionally substituted on the aromatic ring with a group selected from F, CI, Br, OH, lower alkyl and O-lower alkyl R3 is selected from H, OH and O-lower alkyl R4 is selected from H, lower alkyl and phenyl and R5 is selected from lower alkyl,
https://data.epo.org/gpi/EP1483284A2-SELECTIVE-DIPEPTIDE-INHIBITORS-OF-KALLIKREIN
A self-assembling fluorescent dipeptide conjugate for cell labellingA self-assembling fluorescent dipeptide conjugate for cell labelling
Derivatives of fluorophore FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate) are widely used in bioassays to label proteins and cells. An N-terminal leucine dipeptide is attached to FITC, and we show that this simple conjugate molecule is cytocompatible and is uptaken by cells (human dermal and corneal fibroblasts) in contrast to FITC itself. Co-localisation shows that FITC-LL segregates in pen-nuclear and intracellular vesicle regions. Above a critical aggregation concentration, the conjugate is shown to self-assemble into beta-sheet nanostructures comprising molecular bilayers. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.orgflicenses/by/4.0 ...
https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/25344
CCCC 2003, Volume 68, Issue 11, Abstracts pp. 2055-2079 | Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications
We compare recent quantum mechanical computations of alternative reaction pathways for carboxypeptidase A, a zinc proteinase, in an enzyme environment to similar calculations in the gas phase that include the minimal chemical entities that are required for a non-catalytic reaction. The main question that we address is whether anything may be learned from such reduced representations. Two general acid-general base alternative pathways and one nucleophilic pathway are compared. The original calculations were run on a relatively large model (120 atoms) of the active site of carboxypeptidase A which included zinc and its ligands, as well as the residues Arg145, Arg127, Glu270, a water molecule and a model dipeptide. The gas-phase pathways include only the dipeptide, water and Glu270 and serve as models for the non-catalytic pathway. The calculations were performed by semiempirical MNDO/H/d that includes modifications for d-orbital representations as well as for intra- and intermolecular ...
http://cccc.uochb.cas.cz/68/11/2055/
Mal-Amido-PEG4-t-butyl ester | calpaininhibitor.comMal-Amido-PEG4-t-butyl ester | calpaininhibitor.com
Product Name: Mal-Amido-PEG4-t-butyl esterFormula: C22H36N2O9MW: 472.5Web Site clickPurity: 0.98Availability: In StockCAS NO: 1402601-82-4 Product: TUG-770
https://www.calpaininhibitor.com/2017/06/21/Mal-Amido-PEG4-t-butyl-ester/
Amino-PEG12-t-butyl ester | calpaininhibitor.comAmino-PEG12-t-butyl ester | calpaininhibitor.com
Product Name: Amino-PEG12-t-butyl esterFormula: C31H63NO14MW: 673.8Web Site clickPurity: 0.98Availability: In StockCAS NO: 354812-17-2 Product: SC-514 Ships
https://www.calpaininhibitor.com/2017/06/21/Amino-PEG12-t-butyl-ester/
hydrolyzed whey protein & muscle mass-NutriDesk
During exercise and post-exercise, blood is diverted to the periphery [muscles and skin] and the last thing you want is to interrupt this blood flow by redirecting blood to the gastrointestinal tract for digestive purposes. It is important if you use a protein pre, intra [during] and post-exercise, that blood diversion to the muscles is not impaired. By using the wrong type of protein i.e. a slowly digested protein, it will sit in the stomach and small intestine and need intense enzyme action to break the protein down into its constituent amino acids over 1 - 2 hours. During this slow digestive process, blood will be shunted to the gastrointestinal tract [away from your muscles] to help absorption and distribution of the digested amino acids to the rest of the body ...
http://www.nutridesk.com.au/Protein-Related.phtml
Where does protein digestion begin and end? | Reference.comWhere does protein digestion begin and end? | Reference.com
The digestion of proteins begins, as does all digestion, with the mechanical process of chewing food, and it ends with the absorption of the proteins constituent amino acids by the cells of the...
https://www.reference.com/health/protein-digestion-begin-end-d1e59629c2837b0b
生命科学-官方网站
摘 要：蛋白质的N- 糖基化修饰是生物体调控蛋白质在组织和细胞中的定位、功能、活性、寿命和多样性的一种普遍的翻译后方式。N- 糖基化位点是理解糖链功能的重要前提之一。应用新的糖蛋白、糖肽富集技术和质谱技术，科学家们在不同组织中完成了对N- 糖基化位点的鉴定。此外，不同于经典三联子的N- 糖基化序列的发现使人们对N- 糖基化过程的认识向纵深发展 ...
http://www.lifescience.net.cn/arts.asp?id=1311
Effect of the chemical nature of amino acid residues lo | Open-iEffect of the chemical nature of amino acid residues lo | Open-i
Effect of the chemical nature of amino acid residues located either at the N- or C-terminal end of dipeptides on the utilization by strains of the SBP penta mut
https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC4206461_pone.0111311.g007&req=4
Regulatpro Bio 350 ml - Regulat - regulirajte svoje počutjeRegulatpro Bio 350 ml - Regulat - regulirajte svoje počutje
Regulatpro® Bio je kaskadno fermentiran bio koncentrat, proizveden iz ekološkega sadja, zelenjave, oreščkov in začimb. Edinstven encimski napitek vsebuje vitalne dipeptide, tripeptide, oligopeptide, polifenole, flavonoide (fitokemikalije) in desnosučno mlečno kislino L(+). V patentiranem procesu kaskadne fermentacije se aktivne substance iz prvovrstnih naravnih virov razdrobijo v drobne delce, ki zagotavljajo visoko absorpcijo v obliki koncentriranega napitka Regulatpro® Bio.. ...
https://regulat.si/izdelki/regulatprobio-350ml/
NutriForce debuts Balanced Hydration with Sustamine | New Hope NetworkNutriForce debuts Balanced Hydration with Sustamine | New Hope Network
New supplement features Sustamine, a unique dipeptide that combines the amino acids L-alanine and L-glutamine to help the body rehydrate.
http://www.newhope.com/supplements/nutriforce-debuts-balanced-hydration-sustamine
2-Chloroadenosine prevents inhibition of H+-coupled dipeptide transport by E.coli STa enterotoxin in Caco-2 epithelia.<...2-Chloroadenosine prevents inhibition of H+-coupled dipeptide transport by E.coli STa enterotoxin in Caco-2 epithelia.<...
TY - GEN. T1 - 2-Chloroadenosine prevents inhibition of H+-coupled dipeptide transport by E.coli STa enterotoxin in Caco-2 epithelia.. AU - Marsh, Susan E.. AU - McEwan, Gordon T.A.. PY - 2000. Y1 - 2000. M3 - Conference contribution. VL - 528P. SP - 92P. BT - Journal of Physiology. ER - ...
https://abdn.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/2-chloroadenosine-prevents-inhibition-of-h-coupled-dipeptide-tran
Basolateral dipeptide transport by the intestine of the teleost Oreochromis mossambicusBasolateral dipeptide transport by the intestine of the teleost Oreochromis mossambicus
Thamotharan, M.; Zonno, V.; Storelli, C.; Ahearn, G.A., 1996: Basolateral dipeptide transport by the intestine of the teleost Oreochromis mossambicus
https://eurekamag.com/research/002/763/002763128.php
Separation of amino alcohols using divalent dipeptides as counter ions in aqueous CESeparation of amino alcohols using divalent dipeptides as counter ions in aqueous CE
Divalent dipeptides have been introduced as counter ions in aqueous CZE. The dipeptides form ion pairs with amino alcohols in the BGE and facilitate the separation of amino alcohols. High concentrations of dipeptide caused reversed effective mobility for the analytes. The net charge of the dipeptide can be controlled using a buffer or a strong base, and regulates the interaction between the dipeptide and the amino alcohol. A stronger interaction and higher selectivity of amino alcohols was observed when the dipeptides were used as divalent counter ions, than in monovalent or uncharged form. Association constants for ion pairs between divalent dipeptides and amino alcohols can be used to enhance selectivity for amino alcohols in CZE. No chiral separation of amino alcohols was observed when using the dipeptides as ion-pairing chiral selectors in aqueous BGE, but addition of methanol to the BGE promoted enantioselectivity.. ...
http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:319700
Conformational studies on cyclic dipeptides - [email protected]
An analysis of 11 crystal structures of cyclic dipeptides so far reported in the literature is made, with main reference to the internal parameters of these molecules. Preferred conformations of the side chains of cyclic dipeptides with different α-amino acid residues have been studied by classical energy calculations. The possible conformations of the DKP ring are also studied. The significance of the non-bonded interaction in deciding the pathway for conformational change has also been investigated. The agreement between theoretical results and experimental observations is quite good, both with respect to the conformation of these molecules as well as the enthalpy difference as estimated from n.m.r. studies between different conformers.. ...
http://eprints.iisc.ernet.in/24589/
Effective production of dehydro cyclic dipeptide albonoursin exhibiting pronuclear fusion inhibitory activity. I. Taxonomy and...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Effective production of dehydro cyclic dipeptide albonoursin exhibiting pronuclear fusion inhibitory activity. I. Taxonomy and fermentation. AU - Kanzaki, Hiroshi. AU - Imura, Daisuke. AU - Sashida, Reiko. AU - Kobayashi, Akio. AU - Kawazu, Kazuyoshi. PY - 1999/11. Y1 - 1999/11. N2 - Strain KO-23, an actinomycete producing albonoursin as well as streptopyrone, was identified as Streptomyces albulus by morphological and biochemical studies. Fermentation conditions for albonoursin, a dehydro cyclic dipeptide exhibiting a pronounced inhibitory activity toward pronuclear fusion of sea urchin eggs, were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the actinomycete produced 16 mg/liter of albonoursin, 30 times higher than that in the original culture. The cells cultivated under these conditions highly express biosynthetic enzymes for albonoursin, and thus are available for biosynthetic studies of dehydro cyclic peptides.. AB - Strain KO-23, an actinomycete producing albonoursin as well as ...
https://okayama.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/effective-production-of-dehydro-cyclic-dipeptide-albonoursin-exhi-7
Role of vagal innervation in diurnal rhythm of intestinal peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1)<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Role of vagal innervation in diurnal rhythm of intestinal peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1). AU - Qandeel, Hisham G.. AU - Alonso, Fernando. AU - Hernandez, David J.. AU - Duenes, Judith A.. AU - Zheng, Ye. AU - Scow, Jeffrey S.. AU - Sarr, Michael G.. N1 - Funding Information: Research supported in part by a grant from the Mary E. Groff Foundation and NIH R01 DK 39337-18 (MGS) H.G.Qandeel.F.Alonso.D.J.Hernandez.J.A.Duenes. Y. Zheng.J. S. Scow.M. G. Sarr (*) Gastrointestinal Research Unit and Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic (GU 10-01), 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA e-mail: [email protected] Funding Information: Acknowledgments We would like to thank the Mary Elizabeth Groff Surgical Medical Research and Education Charitable Trust for the generous funding in support of this work. Also, we thank Deborah Frank for her superb secretarial expertise.. PY - 2009. Y1 - 2009. N2 - Background Protein is absorbed predominantly as di/tripeptides via H +/peptide ...
https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/role-of-vagal-innervation-in-diurnal-rhythm-of-intestinal-peptide
The action of leucyl-leucine methyl ester on cytotoxic lymphocytes requires uptake by a novel dipeptide-specific facilitated...The action of leucyl-leucine methyl ester on cytotoxic lymphocytes requires uptake by a novel dipeptide-specific facilitated...
The mechanism of toxicity for cytolytic lymphocytes of Leu-Leu-OMe and related dipeptide derivatives was examined. Selective inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase I (DPPI), a lysosomal thiol protease highly enriched in cytotoxic lymphocytes, prevented all natural killer (NK) toxic effects of such agents. However, many DPPI substrates were found to possess no NK toxic properties. For some such agents, this lack of NK toxicity appeared to be related to the lack of uptake by lymphocytes. In this regard, Leu-Leu-OMe was found to be incorporated by lymphocytes and monocytes via a saturable facilitated transport mechanism with characteristics distinct from previously characterized mammalian dipeptide transport processes. This novel transport process was found to be specific for dipeptides composed of selective L-stereoisomer amino acids and enhanced by hydrophobic ester or amide additions to the COOH terminus of dipeptides. Maximal rates of Leu-Leu-OMe uptake by T8 and NK cell-enriched peripheral blood ...
http://jem.rupress.org/content/172/1/183
Plus itPlus it
The strategic localization of peptide transporter 2 (PEPT2), a proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter, to the apical membrane of epithelial cells in the kidney and choroid plexus suggests that it plays an important role in the disposition of peptides/mimetics in the body. Therefore, the in vivo significance of PEPT2 was investigated in wild-type and PEPT2 null mice following an i.v. bolus dose (0.05 μmol/g body weight) of [14C]glycylsarcosine (GlySar). In PEPT2 null mice, the clearance (total and renal) of GlySar was markedly increased (2-fold), resulting in concomitantly lower systemic concentrations. In addition, renal reabsorption was almost abolished, and GlySar was eliminated by glomerular filtration. Of the 46% of GlySar reabsorbed in wild-type mice, PEPT2 accounted for 86% and PEPT1 accounted for 14% of reabsorbed substrate. Analysis of GlySar uptake in kidney sections revealed that PEPT2 was primarily localized in the outer medullary region. Wild-type mice also had greater choroid ...
http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/315/1/240
Metabolism of Intravenously Administered Dipeptides in Rats: Effects on Amino Acid Pools, Glucose Concentration and Insulin and...Metabolism of Intravenously Administered Dipeptides in Rats: Effects on Amino Acid Pools, Glucose Concentration and Insulin and...
1. Studies were performed to investigate the metabolic fate of dipeptides when administered intravenously in rats. Glycyl-leucine, glycylglycine or glycylsarcosine was injected into the jugular vein. The plasma disappearance rate after the peak plasma concentrations was most rapid for glycyl-leucine and least rapid for glycylsarcosine.. 2. During urine collection for 40 min, trace amounts of glycyl-leucine and glycylglycine and 13% of the injected glycylsarcosine were excreted.. 3. Neither glycylglycine nor glycyl-leucine was detected in the liver, muscle, intestinal mucosa or renal cortex, but concentrations of glycine or leucine, or both, in these tissues were increased after each injection. In contrast, glycylsarcosine was recovered in all these tissues with concentrations in the renal cortex being far greater than in any other tissue, but sarcosine was found only in the renal cortex and intestinal mucosa.. 4. The changes in plasma concentrations of free amino acids, glucose and glucagon, and ...
http://www.clinsci.org/content/52/2/193
Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for Histidylhistidine (HMDB0028887)Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for Histidylhistidine (HMDB0028887)
Histidylhistidine is a dipeptide composed of two histidine residues. It is an incomplete breakdown product of protein digestion or protein catabolism. Dipeptides are organic compounds containing a sequence of exactly two alpha-amino acids joined by a peptide bond. Some dipeptides are known to have physiological or cell-signalling effects although most are simply short-lived intermediates on their way to specific amino acid degradation pathways following further proteolysis ...
https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0028887
Differential modulation of sodium- and chloride-dependent opioid peptide transport system by small nonopioid peptides and free...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Differential modulation of sodium- and chloride-dependent opioid peptide transport system by small nonopioid peptides and free amino acids. AU - Miyauchi, Seiji. AU - Gopal, Elangovan. AU - Thakkar, Santosh V.. AU - Ichikawa, Satoshi. AU - Prasad, Puttur D.. AU - Ganapathy, Vadivel. PY - 2007/4. Y1 - 2007/4. N2 - We recently identified a novel opioid peptide transport system in the retinal pigment epithelium that transports opioid peptides by a Na +/Cl--dependent process. Here we describe a similar transport system expressed in SK-N-SH cells (a human neuronal cell line) and show for the first time that the activity of the transport system is modulated differentially by lysine and small nonopioid peptides. The transport process in SK-N-SH cells, monitored with deltorphin II as the substrate, is Na +/Cl--dependent and interacts with several opioid peptides, consisting of 5 to 13 amino acids. The activity of this transport system is markedly stimulated by specific dipeptides and ...
https://augusta.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/differential-modulation-of-sodium-and-chloride-dependent-opioid-p
Engineering Customized Cell Sensing and Response Behaviors Using Synthetic Notch Receptors - Wiki FKKT
Results and Discussion In this paper several approaches have been applied, in order to examine the different properties of the synthetic Notch receptors and to compare them with those of endogenous Notch. They generated libraries of receptors with different EC domains, each coupled with a different IC domain and expressed them in fibroblast. They found that these synthetic receptors are strongly activated by cell-cell contact, if the sender cell expresses cognate ligand on its surface. To determine if the activation occurs by a cleavage mechanism, they used the drug DAPT (N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-lalanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester). Treatment with DAPT completely blocks the activation of synNotch. These were eliminatory examinations, which have shown the characteristics of the endogenous Notch necessary to conduct further experiments. Also, they found that the response is reversible upon removal of the ligand - expressing cells. The next phase of the research is dedicated to determining ...
http://wiki.fkkt.uni-lj.si/index.php?title=Engineering_Customized_Cell_Sensing_and_Response_Behaviors_Using_Synthetic_Notch_Receptors&diff=16977&oldid=prev
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Synthesis and Antitumor Activities of Chiral Dipeptide Thioureas Containing an Alpha...Molecules | Free Full-Text | Synthesis and Antitumor Activities of Chiral Dipeptide Thioureas Containing an Alpha...
Thiourea derivatives demonstrate potent cytotoxic activity against various leukemias and many tumor cell lines. In our previous study, the combination of thiourea and phosphonate has been proven as an effective strategy for developing antitumor agents. Herein, we synthesized and evaluated a series of novel chiral dipeptide thioureas containing an α-aminophosphonate moiety as antitumor agents. Finally, we developed novel dipeptide thioureas 11d and 11f that showed comparable inhibition with that of Cisplatin against BGC-823 and A-549 cells, respectively.
http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/2/238
PSMA Antibody, anti-human, REAfinity™ | Recombinant antibodies | MACS Antibodies | Products | Miltenyi Biotec | USA
Clone REA408 recognizes the human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) antigen, a single-pass type II membrane protein which is also known as folate hydrolase 1 (FOLH1), glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 (GCP2), or N-acetylated-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase I (NAALADase). PSMA is a zinc metallopeptidase which catalyzes the hydrolysis of N-acetylaspartylglutamate to glutamate and N-acetylaspartate. It is expressed with low levels in the small intestine, renal tubular cells, and salivary gland, and is over-expressed in prostate cancer tissue. PSMA is also expressed in the nervous system. Additional information: Clone REA408 displays negligible binding to Fc receptors. | USA
https://www.miltenyibiotec.com/US-en/products/psma-antibody-anti-human-reafinity-rea408.html
Neurotransmitter that helps cancers progress identifiedNeurotransmitter that helps cancers progress identified
Using human cancer cells, tumour and blood samples from cancer patients, researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have uncovered the role of a neurotransmitter in the spread of aggressive cancers.. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit impulses from neurons to other target cells.. The work, described in the journal Cell Reports, found that this neurotransmitter, called N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG) NAAG is more abundant in cancers with a tendency to grow and spread rapidly - or so-called higher grade cancers - than in lower grade tumours, making it a potential marker for tumour progression or regression during cancer therapy, the researchers say.. The experiments also demonstrated that NAAG is a source of glutamate, a chemical that cancer cells use as building blocks to survive, in tumours that express an enzyme called glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII).. The group also discovered that stopping the GCPII from being active by using a drug called 2-PMPA to treat human ...
http://oncologynews.com.au/neurotransmitter-that-helps-cancers-progress-identified/
RippedCanadians.com - Modern BCAA
USP Labs Modern BCAA is an incredibly light and voluminous powder that mixes great.. USP Labs Modern BCAA will definitely help you on your game at the gym or at work.. If you want an awesome BCAA product designed for those who truly realize just how important BCAAs are, then USP Labs Modern BCAA was made with you in mind. This product contains just about the right ingredients that would supply you with the necessary supplements that you need. In fact, USP Labs Modern BCAA consists of glutamine dipeptide (L-alanyl-L-glutamine), which is more stable and more water soluble than regular L-glutamine. The presence of a unique intestinal transporter for the dipeptide may also suggest an increased amount of glutamine to reach the bloodstream and into skeletal muscle as compared to regular free L-glutamine. Now this is very important to know since up to 65% of regular L-glutamine can be destroyed before it makes its way to your muscles. Thus the constitution of glutamine dipeptide definitely assists ...
https://www.rippedcanadians.com/products/usplabs_modern-bcaa
Solvent accessibilities in glycyl, alanyl and seryl dipeptides | Biochemical JournalSolvent accessibilities in glycyl, alanyl and seryl dipeptides | Biochemical Journal
Theoretical studies on glycyl-alanyl and seryl dipeptides were performed to determine the probable backbone and side-group conformations that are preferred for solvent interaction. By following the method of Lee & Richards [(1971) J. Mol. Biol. 55, 379-400], a solute molecule is represented by a set of interlocking spheres of appropriate van der Waals radii assigned to each atom, and a solvent (water) molecule is rolled along the envelope of the van der Waals surface, and the surface accessible to the solvent molecule, and hence the solvent accessibility for a particular conformation of the solute molecule, is computed. From the calculated solvent accessibilities for various conformations, solvation maps for dipeptides were constructed. These solvation maps suggest that the backbone polar atoms could interact with solvent molecules selectively, depending on the backbone conformation. A conformation in the right-handed bridge (zetaR) region is favoured for both solvent interaction and intrachain ...
http://www.biochemj.org/content/167/1/171
Comprehensive Dipeptide Profiling and Quantitation by Capillary Electrophoresis and Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Comprehensive Dipeptide Profiling and Quantitation by Capillary Electrophoresis and Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry. AU - Ozawa, Hitoshi. AU - Hirayama, Akiyoshi. AU - Ishikawa, Takamasa. AU - Kudo, Ryuhei. AU - Maruyama, Midori. AU - Shoji, Futaba. AU - Doke, Tomohito. AU - Ishimoto, Takuji. AU - Maruyama, Shoichi. AU - Soga, Tomoyoshi. AU - Tomita, Masaru. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, KAKENHI [grant numbers JP18H04804 and JP18K08219]; Research on Development of New Drugs (GAPFREE) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED [grant numbers 18ak0101043h0104, 18ak0101043s1404, and 18ak0101043h0004]; and grants from the Yamagata prefectural government and the city of Tsuruoka. We would like to thank Editage ( www.editage.com ) for English language editing.. PY - 2020/7/21. Y1 - 2020/7/21. N2 - Dipeptides have attracted much attention as post-amino acids with ...
https://keio.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/comprehensive-dipeptide-profiling-and-quantitation-by-capillary-e
What is Alitame? | acridinekWhat is Alitame? | acridinek
Alitame is an aspartic acid-containing dipeptide sweetener. It was developed by Pfizer in the aboriginal 1980s and currently marketed in some countries beneath the cast name Aclame. Most dipeptides are not sweet, but the abrupt analysis of aspartame in 1965 led to a seek for agnate compounds that aggregate its sweetness. Alitame is one such…
https://acridinek.wordpress.com/2016/08/27/what-is-alitame/
Glycylglycine 556-50-3 | chemspecailGlycylglycine 556-50-3 | chemspecail
Mp: 255-260℃. Glycylglycine 556-50-3 is a dipeptide used in biochemical research. It is the simplest of all dipeptides and is used as a starting template for preparation of more complex peptides. Also useful as a practical buffer with a buffering range of 7.5 - 8.9 (at 25°C). Valuable agent for experiments investigating peptide transport and absorption.. ChemSpecial , China, wholesale Glycylglycine 556-50-3 with high quality and good price.. ...
https://chemspecail.wordpress.com/2016/10/19/glycylglycine-556-50-3/
Direct linkDirect link
The formalism of time-dependent density functional theory and density functional response functions is reviewed from the perspective of partitioning techniques and projections, the hallmark of the school of quantum chemistry represented by P.O. Lowdin. Extension to open-shell density functional theory is described, reviewing some of its common problems. Sample calculations on hyper-Raleigh scattering in the diamagnetic and paramagnetic complexes of copper bound to (glycyl)glycine dipeptide are presented.. ...
http://kth.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A337006
www.e-gagueira.com.br - Abstracts janeiro a julho de 2017
IMPORTANCE: Developmental stuttering is a neuropsychiatric condition of incompletely understood brain origin. Our recent functional magnetic resonance imaging study indicates a possible partial basis of stuttering in circuits enacting self-regulation of motor activity, attention, and emotion.. OBJECTIVE: To further characterize the neurophysiology of stuttering through in vivo assay of neurometabolites in suspect brain regions.. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Proton chemical shift imaging of the brain was performed in a case-control study of children and adults with and without stuttering. Recruitment, assessment, and magnetic resonance imaging were performed in an academic research setting.. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Ratios of N-acetyl-aspartate plus N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAA) to creatine (Cr) and choline compounds (Cho) to Cr in widespread cerebral cortical, white matter, and subcortical regions were analyzed using region of interest and data-driven voxel-based ...
http://www.e-gagueira.com.br/abstracts-janeiro-a-julho-de-2017
BT16899DGG Datasheet pdf - 18-bit latched transceiver with 16-bit parity generator/checker 3-State - PhilipsBT16899DGG Datasheet pdf - 18-bit latched transceiver with 16-bit parity generator/checker 3-State - Philips
BT16899DGG datasheet, BT16899DGG pdf, BT16899DGG data sheet, datasheet, data sheet, pdf, Philips, 18-bit latched transceiver with 16-bit parity generator/checker 3-State
http://datasheetcatalog.com/datasheets_pdf/B/T/1/6/BT16899DGG.shtml
Protein - macro-nutrients that burn fat, build muscle and the most popular supplement - Every Damn Day FitnessProtein - macro-nutrients that burn fat, build muscle and the most popular supplement - Every Damn Day Fitness
What are proteins? Amino acids are build blocks of proteins. More than 100 amino acids make up one single protein (2 amino acids = dipeptide, up to 10 amino acids = oligopeptide, up to 100 amino acids = polypeptide). Amino acids are chemical compounds that contain two functional groups: an amino group (NH2) and a carbo
https://everydamndayfitness.net/blogs/nutritional-corner/protein-macro-nutrients-that-burn-fat-build-muscle-and-the-most-popular-supplement
KEGG PATHWAY: Protein digestion and absorption - Mus musculus (mouse)
Protein is a dietary component essential for nutritional homeostasis in humans. Normally, ingested protein undergoes a complex series of degradative processes following the action of gastric, pancreatic and small intestinal enzymes. The result of this proteolytic activity is a mixture of amino acids and small peptides. Amino acids (AAs) are transported into the enterocyte (intestinal epithelial cell) by a variety of AA transporters that are specific for cationic (basic) AA, neutral AA, and anionic (acidic) AA. Small peptides are absorbed into enterocytes by the PEPT1 transporter. Inside enterocytes peptides are hydrolyzed, and the resulting amino acids are released together with those absorbed by AA transporters into blood via multiple, basolateral, AA transporters. Hydrolysis-resistant peptides, however, are transported out of the cells by a basolateral peptide transporter that has not been identified molecularly ...
http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?mmu04974+73626
SearchSearch
Genetic polymorphisms of the LMP/TAP gene coded by the HLA-II region may be associated with outcomes of HBV infection. We conducted a case-control study to test the hypothesis, including a persistent group of 155 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 36 healthy carriers, a recovered group of 165 individuals spontaneously recovered from HBV infection, and an uninfected group of 278 healthy normal controls. Genotypes of eight polymorphisms of the LMP/TAP gene were analysed by PCR-RFLP. A logistic regression model was used to analyse statistical differences in polymorphisms or haplotypes in different groups. Of the eight polymorphisms, two (TAP1 codon 637 and LMP7 codon 145) were observed to have statistically significant association with outcomes of HBV infection (P,0·05). The two-locus haplotype constructed with two such polymorphisms was analysed. The frequencies of haplotypes B (Asp-Lys), C (Gly-Gln), and D (Gly-Lys) were found to be increased significantly in the persistent group, compared to ...
https://www.cambridge.org/core/search?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=CUI%20LUO&eventCode=SE-AU
A Potential Role for Dendritic Cell/Macrophage-Expressing DPP4 in Obesity-Induced Visceral Inflammation | DiabetesA Potential Role for Dendritic Cell/Macrophage-Expressing DPP4 in Obesity-Induced Visceral Inflammation | Diabetes
In this article we demonstrate a number of findings: 1) DPP4 expression in VAT macrophages/DCs is significantly higher than that of corresponding peripheral cells; 2) VAT DCs/macrophages in human and experimental obesity (diet-induced and ob/ob) express higher levels of DPP4 compared with lean controls; 3) DPP4 expression in DCs/macrophages is directly related to the degree of insulin resistance and T-cell activation in adipose tissue; 4) DPP4 expression increases with functional maturation of DCs/macrophages; and 5) DC/macrophage-expressing DPP4 binds ADA and contributes to T-cell proliferation via modulation of adenosine concentrations.. DPP4 is widely known for its regulatory role in glycemia control through enzymatic degradation of incretin peptides (23,24). Its role in inflammation has been traditionally postulated as occurring via its enzymatic function, whereby DPP4, through its N-terminal dipeptidase activity, cleaves X-Pro or X-Ala dipeptides from numerous chemokines. This cleavage can ...
http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/62/1/149.full
Modulating the Phe-Phe dipeptide aggregation landscape via covalent attachment of an azobenzene photoswitch - Chemical...Modulating the Phe-Phe dipeptide aggregation landscape via covalent attachment of an azobenzene photoswitch - Chemical...
Synthetic control of peptide-based supramolecular assemblies can provide molecular cues to understand protein aggregation while also inspiring the development of novel chemical biology tools to deliver cargoes inside cells. Here we show that the trans-to-cis photoisomerization of a pendant azo-group covalent
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2017/cc/c7cc04106c
What is the role of L-ornithine L-aspartate (LOLA) in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy (HE)?What is the role of L-ornithine L-aspartate (LOLA) in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy (HE)?
LOLA (Hepa-Merz) is available in Europe in both intravenous formulations and oral formulations. It is not available in the United States. LOLA is a stable salt of the two constituent amino acids. L-or... more
https://www.medscape.com/answers/186101-25734/what-is-the-role-of-l-ornithine-l-aspartate-lola-in-the-treatment-of-hepatic-encephalopathy-he
Pepsin - Southern BiologicalPepsin - Southern Biological
Description: Pepsin is a digestive protein found in the highly acidic environment of the stomach. It acts on proteins to break them down to their constituent amino acids. Pepsin is an ideal enzyme for studying the effect of pH because its functionality is reduced in non-acid environments.. Qty: 20g (1:10,000 strength). Notes: This product is sourced from Porcine Gastric Mucosa.. ...
https://www.southernbiological.com/chemicals/enzymes/mc23-201m-pepsin/
Form, Function and Folding: In collaboration with Berkeley Lab, a team of scientists move toward rational design of artificial...Form, Function and Folding: In collaboration with Berkeley Lab, a team of scientists move toward rational design of artificial...
In the world of proteins, form defines function. Based on interactions between their constituent amino acids, proteins form specific conformations, folding and twisting into distinct, chemically directed shapes. The resulting structure dictates the proteins actions; thus accurate modeling of structure is vital to understanding functionality.. Peptoids, the synthetic cousins of proteins, follow similar design rules. Less vulnerable to chemical or metabolic breakdown than proteins, peptoids are promising for diagnostics, pharmaceuticals, and as a platform to build bioinspired nanomaterials, as scientists can build and manipulate peptoids with great precision. But to design peptoids for a specific function, scientists need to first untangle the complex relationship between a peptoids composition and its function-defining folded structure.. Past efforts to predict protein structure have met with limited success, but now a scientific team led by Glenn Butterfoss, and Barney Yoo, research scientists ...
https://newscenter.lbl.gov/2012/08/21/form-function-and-folding-in-collaboration-with-berkeley-lab-a-team-of-scientists-move-toward-rational-design-of-artificial-proteins/
MalaCards: Search Human Diseases - CalpeptinMalaCards: Search Human Diseases - Calpeptin
GENECARDS SUITE PRODUCTS ARE FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE AND ARE NOT FOR USE IN DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES ...
https://www.malacards.org/search/results/Calpeptin
Latest News - SITraNLatest News - SITraN
While the main purpose of DNA is to code for proteins to be built in the cell, we know that a lot of DNA doesnt code for protein after all, such as the repeating region of the C9ORF72 gene. In healthy versions of the gene the repeated region (usually under 30 repeated units) is simply cut out of the RNA copy of the gene before the RNA is exported from the nucleus.. In C9ORF72-MND however, the repeated region is much larger - even up to a thousand repeated units and leads to a build up of the RNA repeats inside the nucleus but also, unexpectedly is made into abnormal toxic constituents in the cell cytoplasm called dipeptide repeat proteins. The discovery of dipeptide repeat proteins was puzzling to scientists as this type of non-protein coding RNA does not normally exit the nucleus to get to where protein can be made.. Dr Hautbergue and colleagues, who have developed expertise in the mechanisms of RNA nuclear export, looked to see how the pathological repeating precursor RNA molecules, that ...
http://sitran.org/news/latest/
JCI online early table of contents: Ju... ( EDITORS PICK: Calpain inhibitors n...)JCI online early table of contents: Ju... ( EDITORS PICK: Calpain inhibitors n...)
Health, ...EDITORS PICK: Calpain inhibitors never forget: improving memory in Al...Overactivation of proteins known as calpains which are involved in me...It is thought that dysfunctional signaling between nerve cells contrib...TITLE: Inhibition of calpains improves memory and synaptic transmissio...,JCI,online,early,table,of,contents:,July,1,,2008,medicine,medical news today,latest medical news,medical newsletters,current medical news,latest medicine news
http://www.bio-medicine.org/medicine-news-1/JCI-online-early-table-of-contents-3A-July-1--2008-23100-1/
Gentaur Molecular :Biovis \ Calpain Inhibitor Z-LLY-FMK \ 1125-20CGentaur Molecular :Biovis \ Calpain Inhibitor Z-LLY-FMK \ 1125-20C
Gentaur molecular products has all kinds of products like :search , Biovis \ Calpain Inhibitor Z-LLY-FMK \ 1125-20C for more molecular products just contact us
http://www.antibody-antibodies.com/product_det.php?id=1772512&supplier=search&name=Calpain%20Inhibitor%20Z_LLY_FMK%20%20
MDL-62514] Random behat failure (Mary Smith) - Moodle TrackerMDL-62514] Random behat failure (Mary Smith) - Moodle Tracker
Regression testing is covered by the enrol_manual behat tests Setup This test requires that we have requests that take a much longer time to complete that later requests would, to simulate that we will modify the core_enrol_get_potential_users external function to take a minimum of 10 seconds. We will do that by adding the following lines of code to the get_potential_users method in /enrol/externallib.php: if ( strlen ( $search ) === 1) { sleep(10); } You can do it by applying the following patches, that are attached below one for each branch: For master: MDL-62194-master-simulate-long-request.diff git apply MDL-62194-master-simulate-long-request.diff For Moodle 3.6: MDL-62194-36-simulate-long-request.diff git apply MDL-62194-36-simulate-long-request.diff For Moodle 3.5: MDL-62194-35-simulate-long-request.diff git apply MDL-62194-35-simulate-long-request.diff Prerequisites A course ( Course 1 ) An Teacher enrolled on Course 1 Three users that have a matching start character in their name but ...
https://tracker.moodle.org/browse/MDL-62514?attachmentSortBy=fileName
Aging Support - NutriChemAging Support - NutriChem
A naturally occurring dipeptide, Carnosine (B-alanyl-L-histidine) is found in high concentrations in the brain and muscles. Recent studies suggest Carnosine supports Anti-aging and normal cell... View full product details » ...
https://www.nutrichem.com/collections/aging-support
GlutaGO™ Supplement, 100X | GeneDireX, Inc.GlutaGO™ Supplement, 100X | GeneDireX, Inc.
GlutaGO™ Supplement is 200 mM dipeptide L-alanyl-L-glutamine in 0.85% sodium chloride. GlutaGO™ Supplement is highly soluble, heat-stable, and does not spontaneously break down to form ammonia for longer lasting cultures. GlutaGO™ Supplement can be used as a direct substitute for L-glutamine at equimolar concentrations in both adherent and suspension mammalian cell cultures ...
https://www.genedirex.com/glutago%E2%84%A2-supplement-100x/
Earth life could come from space (new evidences) | ScienceNews in quotesEarth life could come from space (new evidences) | ScienceNews in quotes
Chemists from the University of California, Berkeley, and the University of Hawaii, Manoa, showed that conditions in space are capable of creating complex dipeptides - linked pairs of amino acids - that are essential building blocks shared by all living things. The discovery opens the door to the possibility that these molecules were brought to…
https://sciencenewsinquotes.wordpress.com/2013/03/05/earth-life-could-come-from-space-new-evidences/
SearchSearch
TIGR00277TIGR00277
This domain is found in a few known nucleotidyltransferes and in a large number of uncharacterized proteins. It contains four widely separated His residues, the second of which is part of an invariant dipeptide His-Asp in a region matched approximately by the motif HDIG. For proteins scoring above the trusted cutoff, confidence is high both that the domain is present and that the HMM produces an essentially correct alignment. Protein regions scoring between the trusted and noise cutoffs include correctly aligned domains, homologous domains in which one or more of the His residues is conserved but misaligned, and some probable false-positive hits indications of homology ...
http://www.jcvi.org/cgi-bin/tigrfams/HmmReportPage.cgi?acc=TIGR00277
Patent US6638509 - Toxin conjugates - Google PatentsPatent US6638509 - Toxin conjugates - Google Patents
The present invention relates to a toxin conjugate in which a residue derived from a compound having an affinity for a target cell is bound to a toxin through a spacer comprising polyalkylene glycol and dipeptide.
http://www.google.co.uk/patents/US6638509
Respiratory System Support - Shop By GoalRespiratory System Support - Shop By Goal
Carnitine is a Dipeptide (composed of Lysine and Methionine) - it is chemically similar to Choline. It is manufactured within the body in the Liver and Kidneys and is also a component of the diet ...
https://www.jomarlabs.com/shop-by-goal/respiratory-system-support.html?capsule_size=50&mode=list&product_amount=83
Publications | SBRCPublications | SBRC
Boeynaems, S., E. Bogaert, D. Kovacs, A. Konijnenberg, E. Timmerman, A. Volkov, M. Guharoy, M. De Decker, T. Jaspers, V. H. Ryan, et al., Phase Separation of C9orf72 Dipeptide Repeats Perturbs Stress Granule Dynamics., Mol Cell, vol. 65, issue 6, pp. 1044-1055.e5, 2017 Mar 16. ...
http://sbrc.vub.ac.be/biblio?page=1&f%5Bauthor%5D=656
6-O-stearoyl-N-acetylmuramyl-alpha-aminobutyryl-isoglutamine Summary Report | CureHunter6-O-stearoyl-N-acetylmuramyl-alpha-aminobutyryl-isoglutamine Summary Report | CureHunter
6-O-stearoyl-N-acetylmuramyl-alpha-aminobutyryl-isoglutamine: lipophilic muramyl dipeptide analog; RN given refers to (L-aminobutyryl-D-isoglutamine)-isomer
http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryC045168-6-O-stearoyl-N-acetylmuramyl-alpha-aminobutyryl-isoglutamine.do
ALZFORUM | NETWORKING FOR A CUREALZFORUM | NETWORKING FOR A CURE
Rudich P, Snoznik C, Watkins SC, Monaghan J, Pandey UB, Lamitina ST. Nuclear localized C9orf72-associated arginine-containing dipeptides exhibit age-dependent toxicity in C. elegans ...
https://www.alzforum.org/papers/nuclear-localized-c9orf72-associated-arginine-containing-dipeptides-exhibit-age-dependent
Calpain抗体|Abcam中国|Anti-Calpain抗体Calpain抗体|Abcam中国|Anti-Calpain抗体
Calpain兔多克隆抗体(ab124631)可与小鼠, 大鼠, 人, 曼氏血吸虫样本反应并经WB, IP, ELISA实验严格验证。所有产品均提供质保服务，中国75%以上现货。
http://www.abcam.cn/calpain-antibody-ab124631.html
DipeptideDipeptide
For example, the dipeptide Ala-Gln has the solubility of 586 g/L more than 10x the solubility of Gln (35 g/L). Dipeptides also ... A well known dipeptide is aspartame, an artificial sweetener. Dipeptides are white solids. Many are far more water-soluble than ... Dipeptides activate G-cells found in the stomach to secrete gastrin. Diketopiperazines are a special class of dipeptides, which ... Dietary proteins are digested to dipeptides and amino acids, and the dipeptides are absorbed more rapidly than the amino acids ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipeptide
Dipeptide hydrolaseDipeptide hydrolase
... may refer to: Membrane dipeptidase, an enzyme Angiotensin-converting enzyme, an enzyme This set index page ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipeptide_hydrolase
Muramyl dipeptideMuramyl dipeptide
... is constituent of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria composed of N-acetylmuramic acid linked by ... Dipeptide Mifamurtide, a synthetic analogue for the treatment of osteosarcoma Inohara, N.; Ogura, Y.; Fontalba, A.; Gutierrez, ... 2004 Nov 9;14(21):1929-34., Martinon F, Agostini L, Meylan E, Tschopp J. Identification of bacterial muramyl dipeptide as ... "Host Recognition of Bacterial Muramyl Dipeptide Mediated through NOD2. Implications for Crohn's Disease". Journal of Biological ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muramyl_dipeptide
2,5-Diketopiperazine2,5-Diketopiperazine
Dipeptides with an ester terminus spontaneously cyclize often. Racemization can be problematic. The Ugi reaction using an ... These cyclic dipeptides incorporate both donor and acceptor groups for hydrogen bonding. They are conformationally constrained ... Most commonly 2,5-diketopiperazines are generated by cyclisation of dipeptides. In addition to the many methods of peptide ... Ilaria, Belleza (2014). "Cyclic dipeptides: from bugs to brain". Trends in Molecular Medicine. 20: 551-8. Tullberg M, Grøtli M ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2,5-Diketopiperazine
Alanyl-glutamineAlanyl-glutamine
It is a dipeptide consisting of alanine and glutamine. As a dietary supplement, alanyl-glutamine protects the gastrointestinal ... In cell culture, L-alanyl-L-glutamine is sometimes used as a replacement for L-glutamine because this dipeptide is stable in ... Fürst, Peter; Pogan, Karin; Stehle, Peter (1997). "Glutamine dipeptides in clinical nutrition". Nutrition. 13 (7-8): 731-737. ... Effects of parenteral nutrition with or without alanyl-glutamine dipeptide supplementation". Nutrition. 24 (1): 37-44. doi: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanyl-glutamine
Streptomyces michiganensisStreptomyces michiganensis
Xue, Jinghua; Wu, Min (27 March 2015). "Cyclic Dipeptides from Streptomyces michiganensis". Chemistry of Natural Compounds. 51 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptomyces_michiganensis
ThermolysinThermolysin
Trusek-Holownia A. (2003). "Synthesis of ZAlaPheOMe, the precursor of bitter dipeptide in the two-phase ethyl acetate-water ... Yagasaki, Makoto; Hashimoto, Shin-ichi (November 2008). "Synthesis and application of dipeptides; current status and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermolysin
Biuret testBiuret test
This is found with dipeptides. The reagent is commonly used in the biuret protein assay, a colorimetric test used to determine ... Datta, S. P.; Leberman, R.; Rabin, B. R. (1959). "The chelation of metal ions by dipeptides and related substances. Part 5.- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biuret_test
AspartameAspartame
... is a methyl ester of the dipeptide of the natural amino acids L-aspartic acid and L-phenylalanine. Under strongly ... It is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid/phenylalanine dipeptide with the trade names NutraSweet, Equal, and Canderel. First ... Yagasaki M, Hashimoto S (November 2008). "Synthesis and application of dipeptides; current status and perspectives". Applied ... Dipeptides, Carboxylate esters, Sugar substitutes, Methyl esters, E-number additives). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartame
MycolysinMycolysin
Blumberg S, Tauber Z (October 1983). "Inhibition of metalloendopeptidases by 2-mercaptoacetyl-dipeptides". European Journal of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycolysin
Fine chemicalFine chemical
At the low end are the dipeptides. The most important drugs with a dipeptide (L-alanyl-L-proline) moiety are the "-pril" ... is a dipeptide. At the high end there is the anticoagulant hirudin, MW ≈ 7000, which is composed of 65 amino acids. Apart from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine_chemical
Self-assembling peptideSelf-assembling peptide
Nanotubes formed from dipeptides are the widest amongst peptide nanotubes. An example of a dipeptide that has been studied is ... Dipeptides have also been shown to self assemble into hydrogels, another form of nanostructures, when connected to the ... Nanotubes formed from dipeptides are stable under extreme conditions. Dry nanotubes do not degrade until 200 °C; nanotubes ... Nanostructures can be made by dissolving dipeptides in 1,1,1,3,3, 3-hexafluoro-2-propanol at 100 mg/ml and then diluting it ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-assembling_peptide
Malcolm Davenport MilneMalcolm Davenport Milne
"Intestinal absorption of two dipeptides in Hartnup disease". Gut. 11 (5): 380-387. doi:10.1136/gut.11.5.380. PMC 1411553. PMID ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcolm_Davenport_Milne
Cyclodipeptide synthasesCyclodipeptide synthases
Giessen; A. Marahiel, Tobias; Mohamed (August 2014). "The tRNA-Dependent Biosynthesis of Modified Cyclic Dipeptides". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclodipeptide_synthases
ThioamideThioamide
"Conformations of Thioamide-Containing Dipeptides: A Computational Study". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120 (47): 12200-12206. doi:10.1021/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thioamide
Dipeptidyl-peptidase IIDipeptidyl-peptidase II
Peptidase and dipeptide esterase activities". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 243 (15): 4143-50. PMID 4969969. McDonald JK ... This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction Release of an N-terminal dipeptide, Xaa-Yaa!, preferentially when Yaa is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipeptidyl-peptidase_II
Overman rearrangementOverman rearrangement
1990). "Fluoroolefin dipeptide isosteres -II". Tetrahedron Letters. 31 (50): 7301. doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)88549-4. Nishikawa ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overman_rearrangement
BarettinBarettin
It is a cyclic dipeptide. Barettin is the major compound in the deep-sea sponge Geodia barretti. It was isolated for the first ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barettin
TripeptideTripeptide
Dipeptide Tetrapeptide Nelson, David L.; Cox, Michael M. (2005). Principles of Biochemistry (4th ed.). New York: W. H. Freeman ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripeptide
XenortideXenortide
Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Dipeptides). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenortide
DipeptidaseDipeptidase
... s are secreted onto the brush border of the villi in the small intestine, where they cleave dipeptides into their ... They are also found within the enterocytes themselves, performing cytosolic digestion of absorbed dipeptides. Dipeptidases are ... Dipeptidases hydrolyze bound pairs of amino acids, called dipeptides. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipeptidase
MicrofluidicsMicrofluidics
Kaiser RI, Stockton AM, Kim YS, Jensen EC, Mathies RA (2013). "On the Formation of Dipeptides in Interstellar Model Ices". The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microfluidics
Supramolecular assemblySupramolecular assembly
By self-assembling of dendritic dipeptides, hollow cylinders can be produced. The cylindrical assemblies possess internal ... "Self-assembly of amphiphilic dendritic dipeptides into helical pores". Nature. 430 (7001): 764-8. Bibcode:2004Natur.430..764P. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supramolecular_assembly
Virgil PercecVirgil Percec
"Self-assembly of amphiphilic dendritic dipeptides into helical pores". Nature. 430 (7001): 764-768. Bibcode:2004Natur.430..764P ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgil_Percec
PeptidePeptide
A dipeptide has two amino acids. A tripeptide has three amino acids. A tetrapeptide has four amino acids. A pentapeptide has ... Chains of fewer than twenty amino acids are called oligopeptides, and include dipeptides, tripeptides, and tetrapeptides. A ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptide
Dimer (chemistry)Dimer (chemistry)
Amino acids can also form dimers, which are called dipeptides. An example is glycylglycine, consisting of two glycine molecules ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimer_(chemistry)
AbiogenesisAbiogenesis
Experiments with sulfides in an aqueous environment at 100 °C produced a small yield of dipeptides (0.4% to 12.4%) and a ... smaller yield of tripeptides (0.10%). However, under the same conditions, dipeptides were quickly broken down. Several models ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenesis
ChemotaxisChemotaxis
Tap and Tsr recognize dipeptides and serine as chemoattractants, respectively. Chemoattractants or chemorepellents bind MCPs at ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotaxis
Organocopper compoundOrganocopper compound
Synthesis of Z-Fluoro alkene dipeptide isosteres,. Other effort to make this a more selective reactions includes the use of ... fluoroalkene dipeptide isosteres utilizing organocopper reagents under redoctive-oxidative alkylation (R-OA) conditions. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organocopper_compound
NMDA receptor antagonistNMDA receptor antagonist
Huperzine A. Dipeptide D-Phe-L-Tyr. weakly inhibit NMDA/Gly-induced currents possibly by ifenprodil-like mechanism. Ibogaine: a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMDA_receptor_antagonist
Novel nootropic dipeptide Noopept increases inhibitory synaptic transmission in CA1 pyramidal cellsNovel nootropic dipeptide Noopept increases inhibitory synaptic transmission in CA1 pyramidal cells
Effects of newly synthesized nootropic and anxiolytic dipeptide Noopept on inhibitory synaptic transmission in hippocampal CA1 ... Novel nootropic dipeptide Noopept increases inhibitory synaptic transmission in CA1 pyramidal cells Neurosci Lett. 2010 May 31; ... Effects of newly synthesized nootropic and anxiolytic dipeptide Noopept on inhibitory synaptic transmission in hippocampal CA1 ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20382202/
Papain‐specific activating esters in aqueous dipeptide synthesis | ThalesNanoPapain‐specific activating esters in aqueous dipeptide synthesis | ThalesNano
Papain‐specific activating esters in aqueous dipeptide synthesis. 23/11/2018 de Beer, R. J. A. C.; Zarzycka, B.; Mariman, M.; ...
https://thalesnano.com/post_publication/papain-specific-activating-esters-in-aqueous-dipeptide-synthesis/
Antitumor efficacy and acute toxicity of the novel dipeptide melphalanyl-p-L-fluorophenylalanine ethyl ester (J1) in vivo |...Antitumor efficacy and acute toxicity of the novel dipeptide melphalanyl-p-L-fluorophenylalanine ethyl ester (J1) in vivo |...
The novel alkylating dipeptide melphalanyl-p-L-fluorophenylalanine ethyl ester (J1) was evaluated for acute toxicity and ... Structure-activity relationship for alkylating dipeptide nitrogen mustard derivatives.. *J. Gullbo, Marcus Tullberg, +5 authors ... The novel alkylating dipeptide melphalanyl-p-L-fluorophenylalanine ethyl ester (J1) was evaluated for acute toxicity and ... This is the first report showing that a dipeptide transport system, which is similar but not identical to the well- ...
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Antitumor-efficacy-and-acute-toxicity-of-the-novel-Gullbo-Lindhagen/9e575a732827acba4e3c958dac6914bca64bca2d
Hexanoyl dipeptide-3-norleucine acetateHexanoyl dipeptide-3-norleucine acetate
All you need to know about Hexanoyl dipeptide-3-norleucine acetate , its properties and its uses in skin care and cosmetics ... Hexanoyl dipeptide-3-norleucine acetate Hexanoyl dipeptide-3-norleucine acetate INCI: (--). What is Hexanoyl dipeptide-3- ... Hexanoyl dipeptide-3-norleucine acetate is a tripeptide, it acts on the target. So, can be considered more effective. ...
https://www.lesielle.com/us/hexanoyl-dipeptide-3-norleucine-acetate--in-skincare-what-is-inci-779
The impact of glutamine dipeptide-supplemented parenteral nutrition on outcomes of surgical patients: A meta-analysis of...
Wang, Y, Jiang, ZM, Nolan, MT, Jiang, H, Han, HR, Yu, K, Li, HL, Jie, B & Liang, XK 2010, The impact of glutamine dipeptide- ... The results showed that glutamine dipeptide significantly reduced the length of hospital stay by around 4 days in the form of ... The results showed that glutamine dipeptide significantly reduced the length of hospital stay by around 4 days in the form of ... keywords = "glutamine dipeptide, meta-analysis, outcome, parenteral nutrition, surgical patients",. author = "Yan Wang and ...
https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/the-impact-of-glutamine-dipeptide-supplemented-parenteral-nutriti-4
Glycine-alanine dipeptide repeats spread rapidly in a repeat length- and age-dependent manner in the fly brain | Acta...Glycine-alanine dipeptide repeats spread rapidly in a repeat length- and age-dependent manner in the fly brain | Acta...
Sense and antisense transcripts of the expansions are translated by repeat-associated non-AUG translation into five dipeptide ... From: Glycine-alanine dipeptide repeats spread rapidly in a repeat length- and age-dependent manner in the fly brain ...
https://actaneurocomms.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40478-019-0860-x/figures/2
Design of Peptides With, α,β-Dehydro-Residues: A Dipeptide With a Bran by Vijayaraghavan Rangachari, Pravindra Kumar et al."Design of Peptides With, α,β-Dehydro-Residues: A Dipeptide With a Bran" by Vijayaraghavan Rangachari, Pravindra Kumar et al.
Design of Peptides With, α,β-Dehydro-Residues: A Dipeptide With a Branched β-Carbon Dehydro-Residue at the (i+1) Position, ... Rangachari, V., Kumar, P., Dey, S., Singh, T. P. (2001). Design of Peptides With, α,β-Dehydro-Residues: A Dipeptide With a ...
https://aquila.usm.edu/fac_pubs/7546/
Small, round, versatile: cyclic dipeptides in hydrogelsSmall, round, versatile: cyclic dipeptides in hydrogels
"The cyclic dipeptides self-assemble into higher order structures, which form hydrogels through cross-linking. We had found the ... Left: dipeptide gel consisting of the amino acids phenylalanine and histidine. Right: gel consisting of phenylalanine and ... They heated an aqueous suspension with dipeptides to a temperature of 50 to 90 degrees until all solids completely dissolved. ... Small, round, versatile: cyclic dipeptides in hydrogels. Researchers from the University of Tübingen have discovered a new type ...
https://www.gesundheitsindustrie-bw.de/en/article/news/small-round-versatile-cyclic-dipeptides-in-hydrogels
π Hydrogen Bond between Dipeptide Side Chains as a Structural Essential for Chymotrypsin Inhibition<...
Maeda, I, Shimohigashi, Y, Ide, Y, Nose, T, Nezu, T, Terada, Y, Kawano, K & Ohno, M 1996, π Hydrogen Bond between Dipeptide ... π Hydrogen Bond between Dipeptide Side Chains as a Structural Essential for Chymotrypsin Inhibition. In Peptide Chemistry 1995 ... π Hydrogen Bond between Dipeptide Side Chains as a Structural Essential for Chymotrypsin Inhibition. / Maeda, Iori; ... π Hydrogen Bond between Dipeptide Side Chains as a Structural Essential for Chymotrypsin Inhibition. Peptide Chemistry 1995. ...
https://kyushu-u.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/%CF%80-hydrogen-bond-between-dipeptide-side-chains-as-a-structural-ess
Dipeptides | Profiles RNS
"Dipeptides" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Dipeptides" by people in this website by year, and whether " ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Dipeptides" by people in Profiles. ... alkene dipeptide isosteres and its application to the synthesis and biological evaluation of pseudopeptide analogues of the ...
https://profiles.jefferson.edu/display/9749
EC dipeptide - CRB Discovery
EC dipeptide of glutamate and cysteine; it is available in acid form. ... Glutamate Cysteine dipeptide, Glutamate-Cysteine dipeptide, L-alpha-glutamyl-L-cysteine, alpha-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine, N-(L- ... glutamylcysteine, Glu-Cys, L-Glutamyl-L-Cysteine, Glutamylcystein, alpha-Glu-Cys, E-C Dipeptide, alpha-glutamylcysteine, L-Glu- ... EC dipeptide of glutamate and cysteine; it is available in acid form. ...
https://crbdiscovery.com/discovery-peptides/ec-dipeptide/
Intracellular hydrolysis of dipeptides during intestinal absorption - WikidataIntracellular hydrolysis of dipeptides during intestinal absorption - Wikidata
Intracellular hydrolysis of dipeptides during intestinal absorption. scientific article published on 01 July 1960 ...
https://m.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78846597
Controlling the properties of the micellar and gel phase by varying the counterion in functionalised-dipeptide systems<...Controlling the properties of the micellar and gel phase by varying the counterion in functionalised-dipeptide systems<...
The micellar aggregates formed at high pH for dipeptide-based gelators can be varied by using different alkali metal salts to ... N2 - The micellar aggregates formed at high pH for dipeptide-based gelators can be varied by using different alkali metal salts ... AB - The micellar aggregates formed at high pH for dipeptide-based gelators can be varied by using different alkali metal salts ... Controlling the properties of the micellar and gel phase by varying the counterion in functionalised-dipeptide systems. Kate ...
https://research-portal.uea.ac.uk/en/publications/controlling-the-properties-of-the-micellar-and-gel-phase-by-varyi
Dipeptide Power Archives - Nutritional DesignsDipeptide Power Archives - Nutritional Designs
Have severe wounds & sores? DPP Dipeptide Power® is a fast-acting sugar-free liquid supplement made from collagen dipeptides ... A mix of Collagen Dipeptides, Whey, L-Arginine, L-Glutamine, Zinc & other essential vitamins ...
https://ndlabs.com/product-category/liquid-protein-supplement/dipeptide-power/
PUSH Collagen Dipeptide Concentrate | CarewellPUSH Collagen Dipeptide Concentrate | Carewell
These highly concentrated dipeptides are proline-hydroxyproline (PO) and hydroxyproline-glycine (OG). They form a dipeptide ... Studies prove that this combination of these dipeptides reach the cellular level in skin, bones and joints. These dipeptides ... PUSH Collagen Dipeptide Concentrate will help to heal wounds from the inside out. It contains up to fifty times the ... These collagen dipeptides help stimulate the growth of hyaluronic acid to promote wound healing, while adding up to 50% more ...
https://www.carewell.com/product/push-collagen-dipeptide-concentrate/
Dipeptide-13 - Surfactant - SAAPedia - Surfactant Technology PlatformDipeptide-13 - Surfactant - SAAPedia - Surfactant Technology Platform
SAAPedia: Professional website of surfactants. Include: Anionic surfactants, Cationic surfactants, Non-ionic surfactants, Zwitterionic surfactants, Polymer Surfactants, Fluoro surfactants, Silicone surfactants, Biosurfactants, Natural surfactants, Special surfactants, Standard, Documents, etc.
http://www.saapedia.org/en/saa/?type=detail&id=14060
MedlinePlus: Genes: RMedlinePlus: Genes: R
RERE: arginine-glutamic acid dipeptide repeats. *RET: ret proto-oncogene. *RETREG1: reticulophagy regulator 1 ...
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene-r/
Calcium in PDB 2wi0: Dipeptide Inhibitors of Thermolysin
Enzymatic activity of Dipeptide Inhibitors of Thermolysin. All present enzymatic activity of Dipeptide Inhibitors of ... The structure of Dipeptide Inhibitors of Thermolysin, PDB code: 2wi0 was solved by B.A.Lund, I.Leiros, H.-K.S.Leiros, with X- ... The structure of Dipeptide Inhibitors of Thermolysin also contains other interesting chemical elements:. Zinc. (Zn). 1 atom. ... B.A.Lund, I.Leiros, H.-K.S.Leiros. Dipeptide Inhibitors of Thermolysin To Be Published. ...
http://calcium.atomistry.com/pdb2wi0.html
Some transgenic bacteria produce a dipeptide sweetener called .Some transgenic bacteria produce a dipeptide sweetener called .
Some transgenic bacteria produce a dipeptide sweetener called ______________ . 6/26/2022 03:25:00 pm ...
https://www.pakimcqs.com/2022/06/some-transgenic-bacteria-produce.html
IMSEAR at SEARO: Adjuvant activity of some nonpyrogenic hydrophobic analogues of muramyl dipeptide in enhancing the primary...
Five muramyl dipeptide analogues synthesized by derivatization of gamma-carboxyl of D-isoglutamine residue of MDP into alkyl ... Adjuvant activity of some nonpyrogenic hydrophobic analogues of muramyl dipeptide in enhancing the primary humoral and cell ... Adjuvant activity of some nonpyrogenic hydrophobic analogues of muramyl dipeptide in enhancing the primary humoral and cell ...
https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/59187
Oral glutamine dipeptide or oral glutamine free amino acid reduces burned injury progression in rats | Braz. j. biol;84:...Oral glutamine dipeptide or oral glutamine free amino acid reduces burned injury progression in rats | Braz. j. biol;84:...
Abstract This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Glutamine, as a dipeptide or a free amino acid form, on the ... Oral glutamine dipeptide or oral glutamine free amino acid reduces burned injury progression in rats / O dipeptídeo de ... Oral glutamine dipeptide or oral glutamine free amino acid reduces burned injury progressi ... and treated groups that orally received Glutamine as dipeptide (G2-Dip) or free amino acid (G3-FreeAA). Two and seven days ...
https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/bolivia/resource/es/biblio-1345557
PUSH Collagen Dipeptide Concentrate - Canister - Mixed Berry - McKin HealthPUSH Collagen Dipeptide Concentrate - Canister - Mixed Berry - McKin Health
These collagen dipeptides help stimulate the growth of hyaluronic acid to promote wound healing, ... PUSH contains up to 50 times the concentration of bioactive free dipeptides compared to conventional collagen peptides. ... Studies prove that this combination of these dipeptides reach the cellular level in skin, bones and joints. These dipeptides ... These highly concentrated dipeptides are Proline-Hydroxyproline (PO) and Hydroxyproline-Glycine (OG). They form a dipeptide ...
https://mckinhealth.ca/products/global-health-products-push-collagen-dipeptide-concentrate-canister-mixed-berry
Ocular sustained release nanoparticles containing stereoisomeric dipeptide prodrugs of acyclovir.Ocular sustained release nanoparticles containing stereoisomeric dipeptide prodrugs of acyclovir.
... Author(s): Jwala J, Boddu SH ... METHODS: Stereoisomeric dipeptide prodrugs of acyclovir (ACV) were screened for bioreversion in various ocular tissues, cell ... CONCLUSION: Novel nanoparticulate systems of dipeptide prodrugs of ACV suspended in thermosensitive gels may provide sustained ... The objective of this study was to develop and characterize polymeric nanoparticles of appropriate stereoisomeric dipeptide ...
http://webmail.druglib.com/abstract/jw/jwala-j_j-ocul-pharmacol-ther_20110400.html
Self-assembled dipeptide nanotubes constituted by flexible β-phenylalanine and conformationally constrained α,β-...Self-assembled dipeptide nanotubes constituted by flexible β-phenylalanine and conformationally constrained α,β-...
Di-peptide Phe-Phe was shown previously to self-assemble into nanotube like structures. In this work, we studied the affect of ... Di-peptide Phe-Phe was shown previously to self-assemble into nanotube like structures. In this work, we studied the affect of ... Di-peptide Phe-Phe was shown previously to self-assemble into nanotube like structures. In this work, we studied the affect of ... Di-peptide Phe-Phe was shown previously to self-assemble into nanotube like structures. In this work, we studied the affect of ...
https://researchexperts.utmb.edu/en/publications/self-assembled-dipeptide-nanotubes-constituted-by-flexible-%CE%B2-phen
Dietary supplementation with free methionine or methionine dipeptide mitigates intestinal oxidative stress induced by Eimeria...Dietary supplementation with free methionine or methionine dipeptide mitigates intestinal oxidative stress induced by Eimeria...
Our results show for the first time that supplementation with methionine as free amino acid or dipeptide helps protect the ... challenge and dietary supplementation with free methionine or methionine dipeptide on animal performance; expression of genes ... and methionine dipeptide, dl-methionyl-dl-methionine, dl-MMet). At 14 days of age, chickens were inoculated orally with ... From: Dietary supplementation with free methionine or methionine dipeptide mitigates intestinal oxidative stress induced by ...
https://jasbsci.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40104-019-0353-6/figures/1
Engineering and functional characterization of a proton-driven β-lactam antibiotic translocation module for...Engineering and functional characterization of a proton-driven β-lactam antibiotic translocation module for...
The Asp-Ala dipeptide was modelled into the binding pocket of YePEPTWT (PDB ID code: 4W6V) by superposition with the Ala-Phe- ... For screening, dipeptide and antibiotic competitors were used at a final concentration of 2.5 mM and 5 mM, respectively. For Km ... a) YePEPTWT structure (PDB ID code: 4W6V32) with modelled bound Asp-Ala dipeptide. (b) YePEPTK314A-F311Y structure with ... In contrast, for YePEPTK314A-F311Y, all four charged dipeptides (i.e., Asp-Ala, Ala-Asp, Lys-Ala and Ala-Lys) showed a ...
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-96298-4?error=cookies_not_supported
Amino Acid Building Blocks for Efficient Fmoc Solid-Phase Synthesis of Peptides Adenylylated at Serine or Threonine | Request...Amino Acid Building Blocks for Efficient Fmoc Solid-Phase Synthesis of Peptides Adenylylated at Serine or Threonine | Request...
Application of Dmb-Dipeptides in the Fmoc SPPS of Difficult and Aspartimide-Prone Sequences. January 2008 · International ... To alleviate some of these shortcomings, we have prepared a range of Fmoc-Aaa-(Dmb)Gly-OH dipeptides and tested their efficacy ... Mutters pseudoproline dipeptides and Sheppards Hmb derivatives are powerful tools for enhancing synthetic efficiency in Fmoc ... However, these approaches have certain limitations: pseudoproline dipeptides can only be used for sequences containing serine ...
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51747162_Amino_Acid_Building_Blocks_for_Efficient_Fmoc_Solid-Phase_Synthesis_of_Peptides_Adenylylated_at_Serine_or_Threonine
Metabolomics Workbench : Databases : RefMet
Dipeptides:. Dipipetides are listed by their 3-letter amino acid abbreviations such as Lys-Arg, Asn-Leu and linked to the L- ...
https://workbench.sdsc.edu/databases/refmet/refmet_help.php
Rapid analysis of amino acids, water soluble vitamins, biogenic amines and dipeptides in cell growth media - 908 DevicesRapid analysis of amino acids, water soluble vitamins, biogenic amines and dipeptides in cell growth media - 908 Devices
Rapid analysis of amino acids, water soluble vitamins, biogenic amines and dipeptides in cell growth media. Resource Tags:. ...
https://908devices.com/resource/an-integrated-benchtop-analyzer-for-the-rapid-analysis-of-amino-acids-water-soluble-vitamins-biogenic-amines-and-dipeptides-in-cell-growth-media-2/
Intestinal Transport of Two Dipeptides Containing the Same Two Neutral Amino Acids in Man | Clinical Science | Portland Press
Intestinal Transport of Two Dipeptides Containing the Same Two Neutral Amino Acids in Man D. B. A. Silk; D. B. A. Silk ... was abolished when either dipeptide was perfused. This suggests that dipeptides are taken up by the mucosal cell by a mechanism ... amino acid transport, dipeptide transport, perfusion, small intestine, man, brush border peptidase ... D. B. A. Silk, D. Perrett, M. L. Clark; Intestinal Transport of Two Dipeptides Containing the Same Two Neutral Amino Acids in ...
https://port.silverchair.com/clinsci/article-abstract/45/3/291/71382/Intestinal-Transport-of-Two-Dipeptides-Containing?redirectedFrom=fulltext
PeptidesMuramyl dipeptidePUSH Collagen Dipeptide ConcentrateAmino acidGlutamine dipeptideProteinsRepeats spreadCollagenPeptideHydrolysisInhibitoryCyclicAqueousInhibitorsHumoralEthylIntestinalDescriptorAcidsAggregatesSelf assemblyMETHODSEfficacyDoseStructureOriginalActsCombinationDrugSmall
Peptides3
  • Design of Peptides With, α,β-Dehydro-Residues: A Dipeptide With a Bran" by Vijayaraghavan Rangachari, Pravindra Kumar et al. (usm.edu)
  • It contains up to fifty times the concentration of bioactive free dipeptides compared to conventional collagen peptides. (carewell.com)
  • The characterization of its function has shown that (1) it transports dipeptides, tripeptides, and β-lactam antibiotics but not free amino acids or peptides with more than four amino acid residues, and (2) its driving force for uphill transport requires proton binding. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
Muramyl dipeptide3
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Adjuvant activity of some nonpyrogenic hydrophobic analogues of muramyl dipeptide in enhancing the primary humoral and cell mediated immune responses in guinea pig model. (who.int)
  • Five muramyl dipeptide analogues synthesized by derivatization of gamma-carboxyl of D-isoglutamine residue of MDP into alkyl amides or incorporation of lysine residue at the site via epsilon-NH2 function were evaluated for immuno-adjuvant activity. (who.int)
  • L-NIL also effectively inhibited NF-kappaB activation induced by other inflammatory stimulants, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or muramyl dipeptide (MDP). (cdc.gov)
PUSH Collagen Dipeptide Concentrate1
  • PUSH Collagen Dipeptide Concentrate will help to heal wounds from the inside out. (carewell.com)
Amino acid6
  • The initial experiments were relatively simple: Nachtsheim and his team succeeded in producing cyclic dipeptides from the amino acid phenylalanine in combination with other proteinogenic amino acids. (gesundheitsindustrie-bw.de)
  • In this work, we studied the affect of peptide backbone length and conformational flexibility on the self assembly process by using two dipeptides based on the Phe-Phe backbone (βPhe-Phe and βPhe-ΔPhe): one containing a flexible βPhe amino acid, and the other containing both a flexible βPhe as well as a backbone constraining ΔPhe (α,β-dehydrophenylalanine) amino acid. (utmb.edu)
  • 1. A double lumen perfusion technique has been used in man to study the absorption of the two neutral amino acids glycine and l -alanine from the two dipeptides, l -alanylglycine and glycyl- l -alanine and from an equivalent amino acid mixture. (silverchair.com)
  • 2. Glycine was absorbed faster from the dipeptides than from the equivalent amino acid mixture, and the difference in absorption rates of glycine and alanine seen when the equimolar mixture of the amino acids was perfused, was abolished when either dipeptide was perfused. (silverchair.com)
  • This suggests that dipeptides are taken up by the mucosal cell by a mechanism independent of the amino acid-transport system. (silverchair.com)
  • First, the original samples were encoded with three feature extraction methods, including g-gap dipeptide composition (GDC), dipeptide deviation from the expected mean (DDE), and amino acid composition (AAC). (frontiersin.org)
Glutamine dipeptide1
  • Objective: : To evaluate the impact of glutamine dipeptide- supplemented parenteral nutrition (GLN-PN) on clinical outcomes in surgical patients. (elsevier.com)
Proteins3
  • There are five different dipeptide repeat proteins (polyGA, polyGR, polyPR, polyPA and polyGP), some of which are known to be neurotoxic. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In the present study, we used BioID2 proximity labelling to identify the interactomes of all five dipeptide repeat proteins consisting of 125 repeats each. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These 6 months abroad helped me to better define my PhD project, which is centered on dipeptide repeat proteins, produced by RAN translation in patients suffering from the most common genetic form of ALS. (nccr-rna-and-disease.ch)
Repeats spread1
  • We are now part of a larger collaborative project, involving four groups, which aims to understand how these toxic dipeptide repeats spread in the central nervous system and whether this could be prevented by immunotherapy. (nccr-rna-and-disease.ch)
Collagen3
  • DPP Dipeptide Power® is a fast-acting sugar-free liquid supplement made from collagen dipeptides and 100% amino acids to help support and repair wounds from within. (ndlabs.com)
  • These collagen dipeptides help stimulate the growth of hyaluronic acid to promote wound healing, while adding up to 50% more moisture to your skin within four weeks. (carewell.com)
  • These dipeptides send out signals to cells to energize the collagen peptide production by fibrocytes and chondrocytes, promoting growth of hyaldrocytes acid. (carewell.com)
Peptide2
  • Rodial Snake Serum O2 gets it's name from the Syn®-Ake dipeptide, a unique snake venom inspired peptide inspired Temple Viper Snake Venom powering the revitalizing formula that smoothes the look of skin and reduces the visual appearance of wrinkles while a fast-action oxygen carrier works to restore a healthy, youthful radiance. (rolalaloves.com)
  • Finally, free amino acids are taken up by enterocytes through specific Na-linked carrier systems (5 carriers with selective affinities for groups of amino acids are described), whereas dipeptides and tripeptides are translocated into the absorptive epithelial cells by the peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1), which is a carrier with a broad specificity linked to H entry. (medscape.com)
Hydrolysis2
  • 3. The presence of free amino acids in the lumen during perfusion of both dipeptides suggests that hydrolysis occurs at some stage in the uptake process. (silverchair.com)
  • Intraluminal hydrolysis was insufficient to account for the concentration of the amino acids seen, and their presence is thought to be due to hydrolysis of the dipeptides at the brush border. (silverchair.com)
Inhibitory1
  • Effects of newly synthesized nootropic and anxiolytic dipeptide Noopept on inhibitory synaptic transmission in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells were investigated using patch-clamp technique in whole-cell configuration. (nih.gov)
Cyclic2
  • The cyclic dipeptides self-assemble into higher order structures, which form hydrogels through cross-linking. (gesundheitsindustrie-bw.de)
  • Cluzeau J, Oishi S, Ohno H, Wang Z, Evans B, Peiper SC, Fujii N. Design and synthesis of all diastereomers of cyclic pseudo-dipeptides as mimics of cyclic CXCR4 pentapeptide antagonists. (jefferson.edu)
Aqueous1
  • They heated an aqueous suspension with dipeptides to a temperature of 50 to 90 degrees until all solids completely dissolved. (gesundheitsindustrie-bw.de)
Inhibitors1
  • The binding sites of Calcium atom in the Dipeptide Inhibitors of Thermolysin (pdb code 2wi0 ). (atomistry.com)
Humoral1
  • Humoral response to neurofilaments and dipeptide repeats in ALS progression. (cdc.gov)
Ethyl1
  • The novel alkylating dipeptide melphalanyl-p-L-fluorophenylalanine ethyl ester (J1) was evaluated for acute toxicity and antitumor activity in mice, with melphalan as a reference. (semanticscholar.org)
Intestinal2
  • Dietary supplementation with free methionine or methionine dipeptide mitigates intestinal oxidative stress induced by Eimeria spp. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Proton-coupled dipeptide transport is inhibited by 8-Br cGMP in cultured human intestinal CaCo-2 epithelia. (elsevier.com)
Descriptor1
  • Dipeptides" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (jefferson.edu)
Acids2
  • They form a dipeptide that is very strong and not easily degraded by stomach acids. (carewell.com)
  • The study identified two major metabolic signatures, one consisting of lipids and a second that included dipeptides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, taurine, and xanthine. (news-medical.net)
Aggregates2
  • The micellar aggregates formed at high pH for dipeptide-based gelators can be varied by using different alkali metal salts to prepare the solutions. (uea.ac.uk)
  • One of the proposed mechanisms of GGGGCC repeat expansion is their translation into non-canonical dipeptide repeats, which can then accumulate as aggregates and contribute to these pathologies. (ox.ac.uk)
Self assembly1
  • Conducting Nanofibers and Organogels Derived from the Self-Assembly of Tetrathiafulvalene-Appended Dipeptides LANGMUIR. (nottingham.ac.uk)
METHODS1
  • METHODS: Stereoisomeric dipeptide prodrugs of acyclovir (ACV) were screened for bioreversion in various ocular tissues, cell proliferation, and uptake across the rabbit primary corneal epithelial cell line. (druglib.com)
Efficacy1
  • My contribution to this project is to define an RNA signature and assess the spreading abilities of each of these dipeptide repeats and to investigate the efficacy of the immunotherapy in vitro. (nccr-rna-and-disease.ch)
Dose1
  • Dipeptide GK-2 at a dose of 1 mg/kg is found to decrease the habituation deficit induced by the septo-hippocampal pathway transsection and, at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg, to significantly prevent spatial memory impairment in Morris water maze induced by intracerebral injection of streptozotocin. (actanaturae.ru)
Structure3
  • Photosensitive damage of dipeptides: mechanism and influence of structure. (bvsalud.org)
  • We illustrate the influence of the dipeptide structure on photosensitive damage and the kinetic mechanism was investigated using acenaphthenequinone (ACQ) as a triplet photosensitizer . (bvsalud.org)
  • With tyrosine (Tyr) serving as the core structure, two classic dipeptides with double (trptophan- tyrosine , Trp-Tyr) and single ( tyrosine - alanine , Tyr-Ala and Ala-Tyr) active reaction sites were constructed, and the underlying photodamage mechanisms were investigated carefully. (bvsalud.org)
Original1
  • Thus, GK-2, an original dipeptide mimetic of NGF, acts on models of the Alzheimer's disease upon systemic administration. (actanaturae.ru)
Acts2
  • Hexanoyl dipeptide-3-norleucine acetate is a tripeptide, it acts on the target. (lesielle.com)
  • Contains anti-ageing dipeptide carnosine, which acts as a powerful antioxidant and protects the. (afroditacosmetics.com)
Combination1
  • Studies prove that this combination of these dipeptides reach the cellular level in skin, bones and joints. (carewell.com)
Drug2
  • Moreover, these dipeptides showed no cytotoxicity towards HeLa and L929 cells, and were able to encapsulate small drug molecules. (utmb.edu)
  • Therefore, these β-phenylalanine and α,β-dehydrophenylalanine containing dipeptide nanotubes may be useful in the development of biocompatible and proteolytically stable drug delivery vehicles. (utmb.edu)
Small1
  • namd-temp.pdb for my small testing system of ALA-SER dipeptide. (uiuc.edu)
MedlinePlus: Genes: R
MedlinePlus: Genes: R (medlineplus.gov)
Prolidase deficiency: MedlinePlus Genetics
Prolidase deficiency: MedlinePlus Genetics (medlineplus.gov)
Ribozyme Catalysis of Metabolism in the RNA World | Semantic Scholar
Ribozyme Catalysis of Metabolism in the RNA World | Semantic Scholar (semanticscholar.org)
Engineering and functional characterization of a proton-driven β-lactam antibiotic translocation module for...
Engineering and functional characterization of a proton-driven β-lactam antibiotic translocation module for... (nature.com)
EWG Skin Deep® | No. 7 Restore & Renew Multi Action Eye Cream Rating
EWG Skin Deep® | No. 7 Restore & Renew Multi Action Eye Cream Rating (ewg.org)
Sabinsa Corporation | Nutraceuticals World
Sabinsa Corporation | Nutraceuticals World (nutraceuticalsworld.com)
Dipeptide Peptidase 4 (DPP-4) Inhibitors Market Share, Size,Growth Global Future Prospects, Key Findings, Industry Demand,...
Dipeptide Peptidase 4 (DPP-4) Inhibitors Market Share, Size,Growth Global Future Prospects, Key Findings, Industry Demand,... (lifestyle.thepodcastpark.com)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology (medscape.com)
Publications | Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry
Publications | Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (biochem.mpg.de)
Inflammatory Signaling by NOD-RIPK2 Is Inhibited by Clinically Relevant Type II Kinase Inhibitors: Chemistry & Biology
Inflammatory Signaling by NOD-RIPK2 Is Inhibited by Clinically Relevant Type II Kinase Inhibitors: Chemistry & Biology (cell.com)
TD 2 de Biochimie Structurale | PDF | Hémoglobine | Trypsine
TD 2 de Biochimie Structurale | PDF | Hémoglobine | Trypsine (fr.scribd.com)
Extended haplotype association study in Crohn's disease identifies a novel, Ashkenazi Jewish-specific missense mutation in the...
Extended haplotype association study in Crohn's disease identifies a novel, Ashkenazi Jewish-specific missense mutation in the... (nature.com)
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Peptide Therapeutics 2.0
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Peptide Therapeutics 2.0 (mdpi.com)
Composition BIODERMA Cicabio - Crème réparatrice apaisante - UFC-Que Choisir
Composition BIODERMA Cicabio - Crème réparatrice apaisante - UFC-Que Choisir (quechoisir.org)
Directorio La Industria Química en México - Productos Químicos - Empresa Detalle - Evonik Industries de México, S.A. de C.V.
Directorio La Industria Química en México - Productos Químicos - Empresa Detalle - Evonik Industries de México, S.A. de C.V. (aniq.org.mx)
(emedicine.medscape.com)
New Alzheimer's Blood Test Focuses on Lipids
New Alzheimer's Blood Test Focuses on Lipids (medscape.com)
Phyto Corrective Mask | Facial Mask | SkinCeuticals
Phyto Corrective Mask | Facial Mask | SkinCeuticals (skinceuticals.com)
Klaus Mosbach - Fingerprint - Lund University
Klaus Mosbach - Fingerprint - Lund University (portal.research.lu.se)
Microorganisms | Free Full-Text | A Weakened Immune Response to Synthetic Exo-Peptides Predicts a Potential Biosecurity Risk in...
Microorganisms | Free Full-Text | A Weakened Immune Response to Synthetic Exo-Peptides Predicts a Potential Biosecurity Risk in... (mdpi.com)
Study reveals how air pollution affects the human body at the metabolite level
Study reveals how air pollution affects the human body at the metabolite level (news-medical.net)
Superconductivity emerges at interface between non-superconducting materials - Materials Today
Superconductivity emerges at interface between non-superconducting materials - Materials Today (materialstoday.com)
Genetics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Genetics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (medscape.com)
Creator: Pereira, W. E. - Joshua Lederberg - Profiles in Science Search Results
Creator: Pereira, W. E. - Joshua Lederberg - Profiles in Science Search Results (profiles.nlm.nih.gov)
Publisher: Elsevier Science Publishers - Joshua Lederberg - Profiles in Science Search Results
Publisher: Elsevier Science Publishers - Joshua Lederberg - Profiles in Science Search Results (profiles.nlm.nih.gov)
Creator: Bacon, V. A. - Joshua Lederberg - Profiles in Science Search Results
Creator: Bacon, V. A. - Joshua Lederberg - Profiles in Science Search Results (profiles.nlm.nih.gov)