Dietary Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates present in food comprising digestible sugars and starches and indigestible cellulose and other dietary fibers. The former are the major source of energy. The sugars are in beet and cane sugar, fruits, honey, sweet corn, corn syrup, milk and milk products, etc.; the starches are in cereal grains, legumes (FABACEAE), tubers, etc. (From Claudio & Lagua, Nutrition and Diet Therapy Dictionary, 3d ed, p32, p277)
Carbohydrates
Starch
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Glycemic Index
Dietary Fats
Dietary Proteins
Dietary Fiber
Sucrose
Fructose
Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted
Glucose
Body Weight
Liver
Dietary Supplements
Products in capsule, tablet or liquid form that provide dietary ingredients, and that are intended to be taken by mouth to increase the intake of nutrients. Dietary supplements can include macronutrients, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats; and/or MICRONUTRIENTS, such as VITAMINS; MINERALS; and PHYTOCHEMICALS.
Insulin
A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).
Carbohydrate Sequence
Secale cereale
Rats, Inbred Strains
Energy Metabolism
Bread
Lipids
A generic term for fats and lipoids, the alcohol-ether-soluble constituents of protoplasm, which are insoluble in water. They comprise the fats, fatty oils, essential oils, waxes, phospholipids, glycolipids, sulfolipids, aminolipids, chromolipids (lipochromes), and fatty acids. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Gluconeogenesis
Fatty Acids
Diet Surveys
Cross-Over Studies
Studies comparing two or more treatments or interventions in which the subjects or patients, upon completion of the course of one treatment, are switched to another. In the case of two treatments, A and B, half the subjects are randomly allocated to receive these in the order A, B and half to receive them in the order B, A. A criticism of this design is that effects of the first treatment may carry over into the period when the second is given. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)
Oncorhynchus mykiss
A large stout-bodied, sometimes anadromous, TROUT found in still and flowing waters of the Pacific coast from southern California to Alaska. It has a greenish back, a whitish belly, and pink, red, or lavender stripes on the sides, with usually a sprinkling of black dots. It is highly regarded as a sport and food fish. Its former name was Salmo gairdneri. The sea-run rainbow trouts are often called steelheads. Redband trouts refer to interior populations of rainbows.
Lipogenesis
Nitrogen
Obesity
A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).
Lipid Metabolism
Calcium, Dietary
Cholesterol
Fermentation
Body Composition
Hydrogen
The first chemical element in the periodic table. It has the atomic symbol H, atomic number 1, and atomic weight [1.00784; 1.00811]. It exists, under normal conditions, as a colorless, odorless, tasteless, diatomic gas. Hydrogen ions are PROTONS. Besides the common H1 isotope, hydrogen exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM and the unstable, radioactive isotope TRITIUM.
Jejunum
Feces
Diet, Fat-Restricted
Area Under Curve
A statistical means of summarizing information from a series of measurements on one individual. It is frequently used in clinical pharmacology where the AUC from serum levels can be interpreted as the total uptake of whatever has been administered. As a plot of the concentration of a drug against time, after a single dose of medicine, producing a standard shape curve, it is a means of comparing the bioavailability of the same drug made by different companies. (From Winslade, Dictionary of Clinical Research, 1992)
Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
Copper
Adipose Tissue
Specialized connective tissue composed of fat cells (ADIPOCYTES). It is the site of stored FATS, usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES. In mammals, there are two types of adipose tissue, the WHITE FAT and the BROWN FAT. Their relative distributions vary in different species with most adipose tissue being white.
Oligosaccharides
Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Sodium, Dietary
Oxidation-Reduction
A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).
Lectins
Proteins that share the common characteristic of binding to carbohydrates. Some ANTIBODIES and carbohydrate-metabolizing proteins (ENZYMES) also bind to carbohydrates, however they are not considered lectins. PLANT LECTINS are carbohydrate-binding proteins that have been primarily identified by their hemagglutinating activity (HEMAGGLUTININS). However, a variety of lectins occur in animal species where they serve diverse array of functions through specific carbohydrate recognition.
Risk Factors
Insulin Resistance
Questionnaires
Cholesterol, HDL
Iron, Dietary
Physical Exertion
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Oxygen Consumption
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
Analysis of Variance
Pregnancy
Cohort Studies
Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.
Amino Acids
Monosaccharides
Glycosylation
Prospective Studies
Muscle, Skeletal
Recommended Dietary Allowances
Mannose
Glycoproteins
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Swine
Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).
Galactose
An aldohexose that occurs naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins. Deficiency of galactosyl-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYL-TRANSFERASE DEFICIENCY DISEASE) causes an error in galactose metabolism called GALACTOSEMIA, resulting in elevations of galactose in the blood.
Nutrition Policy
Random Allocation
Nutrition Assessment
Nutritive Value
An indication of the contribution of a food to the nutrient content of the diet. This value depends on the quantity of a food which is digested and absorbed and the amounts of the essential nutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrate, minerals, vitamins) which it contains. This value can be affected by soil and growing conditions, handling and storage, and processing.
Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Plant Lectins
Protein or glycoprotein substances of plant origin that bind to sugar moieties in cell walls or membranes. Some carbohydrate-metabolizing proteins (ENZYMES) from PLANTS also bind to carbohydrates, however they are not considered lectins. Many plant lectins change the physiology of the membrane of BLOOD CELLS to cause agglutination, mitosis, or other biochemical changes. They may play a role in plant defense mechanisms.
Diet and risk of ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity: carbohydrate-fat relationships in rats. (1/3525)
Nutritional status is a primary factor in the effects of xenobiotics and may be an important consideration in development of safety standards and assessment of risk. One important xenobiotic consumed daily by millions of people worldwide is alcohol. Some adverse effects of ethanol, such as alcohol liver disease, have been linked to diet. For example, ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in animal models requires diets that have a high percentage of the total calories as unsaturated fat. However, little attention has been given to the role of carbohydrates (or carbohydrate to fat ratio) in the effects of this important xenobiotic on liver injury. In the present study, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (8-10/group) were infused (intragastrically) diets high in unsaturated fat (25 or 45% total calories), sufficient protein (16%) and ethanol (38%) in the presence or absence of adequate carbohydrate (21 or 2.5%) for 42-55 days (d). Animals infused ethanol-containing diets adequate in carbohydrate developed steatosis, but had no other signs of hepatic pathology. However, rats infused with the carbohydrate-deficient diet had a 4-fold increase in serum ALT levels (p < 0.05), an unexpectedly high (34-fold) induction of hepatic microsomal CYP2E1 apoprotein (p < 0.001), and focal necrosis. The strong positive association between low dietary carbohydrate, enhanced CYP2E1 induction and hepatic necrosis suggests that in the presence of low carbohydrate intake, ethanol induction of CYP2E1 is enhanced to levels sufficient to cause necrosis, possibly through reactive oxygen species and other free radicals generated by CYP2E1 metabolism of ethanol and unsaturated fatty acids. (+info)Fermentation substrate and dilution rate interact to affect microbial growth and efficiency. (2/3525)
The effect of dilution rate (D) on carbohydrate, fibrous and nonfibrous, and protein fermentation by ruminal microorganisms was studied using a single-effluent continuous-culture system. The diets of fibrous carbohydrate, nonfibrous carbohydrate, or protein were formulated with soybean hulls (FC), ground corn (NFC), or isolated soy protein (PR) as the primary ingredient, respectively. Six dilution rates (.025, .050, .075, .10, .15, and .20/h of fermenter volume) were used. Digestibilities of DM, OM, and CP for the three diets and of NDF and ADF for the FC diet decreased (P<.001) as D increased, although the response of the digestibility to D varied with diet. Increasing D resulted in an increase in pH (P<.001) and a decrease (P<.001) in ammonia concentration. Daily volatile fatty acid production increased (quadratic; P<.01) for the FC and NFC diets, but decreased (quadratic; P<.001) for the PR diet. Increasing D quadratically increased (P<.001) the molar percentage of acetate and propionate, but quadratically decreased (P<.001) butyrate and valerate for the FC and NFC diets. For the PR diet, the molar percentage of propionate and valerate increased (quadratic; P<.01), whereas acetate and butyrate decreased (linear; P<.001) in response to increasing D. Molar percentage of isobutyrate and isovalerate decreased (P<.01) with increasing D for all three diets. As D increased, daily microbial N production showed quadratic responses with maximum values achieved at .126, .143, and .187/h D for the FC, NFC, and PR diet, respectively. There was a positive correlation between microbial growth efficiency (MOEFF) and D. A quadratic model fit the data of MOEFF as affected by D, and maximum MOEFF of 37.3, 59.6, and 71.4 g of bacterial N/kg OM truly fermented were calculated to be achieved at .177, .314, and .207/h D for the FC, NFC, and PR diet, respectively. Dilution rate significantly influenced the ruminal microbial fermentation of fibrous and nonfibrous carbohydrates and proteins, and was positively related to microbial yield and growth efficiency. In addition, microbial nitrogen composition, and therefore efficiency, was affected by substrate fermented. (+info)Relationship between ruminal starch degradation and the physical characteristics of corn grain. (3/3525)
The objectives of this study were to determine the range of variation in the rate and extent of in situ ruminal starch degradation of 14 corns differing in vitreousness and to predict ruminal starch degradability by physical characteristics of corn grains. This study was conducted with eight dent and six flint corns. Ruminal starch degradability was determined by an in situ technique on 3-mm ground grains. Physical characteristics of corn grain were measured: hardness by grinding energy and particle size distribution, apparent and true densities, and specific surface area. Ruminal DM and starch degradabilities averaged 50 and 55.1% and varied from 39.7 to 71.5% and from 40.6 to 77.6%, respectively. Ruminal starch degradability averaged 61.9 and 46.2% in dent and flint types, respectively. The proportion of coarse particles (61.9 vs. 69.6% for dent and flint, respectively), the apparent density (1.29 vs. 1.36 g/cm3 for dent and flint, respectively), and the specific surface area (.13 vs. .07 m2/g for dent and flint, respectively) varied with the vitreousness. Ruminal starch degradability could be predicted accurately by vitreousness (r2 = .89) or by the combination of apparent density and 1,000-grain weight (R2 = .91), a measurement faster than the vitreousness determination. (+info)Macronutrient intake and change in mammographic density at menopause: results from a randomized trial. (4/3525)
To examine the effects of dietary fat intake on breast cancer risk, we are conducting a randomized trial of dietary intervention in women with extensive areas of radiologically dense breast tissue on mammography, a risk factor for breast cancer. Early results show that after 2 years on a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet there is a significant reduction in area of density, particularly in women going through menopause. In women who went through menopause during the 2-year follow-up, the mean decreases in area of density and percentage of density in the intervention group were 11.0 cm2 and 11.0%, respectively, whereas the control group decreased 4.5 cm2 and 5.2%. The purpose of this analysis was to determine whether changes in intake of specific macronutrients could account for the observed reduction in breast density in these women. Differences between 2-year and baseline values of macronutrients (averaged over 3 nonconsecutive days of food intake) were calculated. We examined the effect of dietary variables, adjusted for changes in total calorie intake and weight and for family history of breast cancer, on changes in area of density and percentage of density using linear regression. Reduction in total or saturated fat intake or cholesterol intake was significantly associated with decreased dense area (p < or = .004). The most significant dietary variable associated with reduction in percentage of density was reduction in dietary cholesterol intake (P = 0.001), although reducing saturated fat intake was of borderline significance (P = 0.05). The effect of the membership in the intervention and control groups on change in area of density or percentage of density was reduced by models that included changes in intake of any fat, or cholesterol, or carbohydrates. The observation of an effect of diet at menopause on breast density, a marker of increased risk of breast cancer, may be an indication that exposures at this time have an enhanced effect on subsequent risk. (+info)Ontogeny of intestinal safety factors: lactase capacities and lactose loads. (5/3525)
We measured intestinal safety factors (ratio of a physiological capacity to the load on it) for lactose digestion in developing rat pups. Specifically, we assessed the quantitative relationships between lactose load and the series capacities of lactase and the Na+-glucose cotransporter (SGLT-1). Both capacities increased significantly with age in suckling pups as a result of increasing intestinal mass and maintenance of mass-specific activities. The youngest pups examined (5 days) had surprisingly high safety factors of 8-13 for both lactase and SGLT-1, possibly because milk contains lactase substrates other than lactose; it also, however, suggests that their intestinal capacities were being prepared to meet future demands rather than just current ones. By day 10 (and also at day 15), increased lactose loads resulted in lower safety factors of 4-6, values more typical of adult intestines. The safety factor of SGLT-1 in day 30 (weanling) and day 100 (adult) rats was only approximately 1.0. This was initially unexpected, because most adult intestines maintain a modest reserve capacity beyond nutrient load values, but postweaning rats appear to use hindgut fermentation, assessed by gut morphology and hydrogen production assays, as a built-in reserve capacity. The series capacities of lactase and SGLT-1 varied in concert with each other over ontogeny and as lactose load was manipulated by experimental variation in litter size. (+info)Rapidly available glucose in foods: an in vitro measurement that reflects the glycemic response. (6/3525)
BACKGROUND: A chemically based classification of dietary carbohydrates that takes into account the likely site, rate, and extent of digestion is presented. The classification divides dietary carbohydrates into sugars, starch fractions, and nonstarch polysaccharides, and groups them into rapidly available glucose (RAG) and slowly available glucose (SAG) as to the amounts of glucose (from sugar and starch, including maltodextrins) likely to be available for rapid and slow absorption, respectively, in the human small intestine. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesize that RAG is an important food-related determinant of the glycemic response. DESIGN: The measurement of RAG, SAG, and starch fractions by an in vitro technique is described, based on the measurement by HPLC of the glucose released from a test food during timed incubation with digestive enzymes under standardized conditions. Eight healthy adult subjects consumed 8 separate test meals ranging in RAG content from 11 to 49 g. RESULTS: The correlation between glycemic response and RAG was highly significant (P < 0.0001) and a given percentage increase in RAG was associated with the same percentage increase in glycemic response. After subject variation was accounted for, RAG explained 70% of the remaining variance in glycemic response. CONCLUSIONS: We show the significance of in vitro measurements of RAG in relation to glycemic response in human studies. The simple in vitro measurement of RAG and SAG is of physiologic relevance and could serve as a tool for investigating the importance of the amount, type, and form of dietary carbohydrates for health. (+info)Composition of enteral diets and meals providing optimal absorption rates of nutrients in mini pigs. (7/3525)
BACKGROUND: Commercial enteral diets differ widely in nutrient composition. It is unknown whether the nutrient composition of the diets influences intestinal absorption. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different enteral diets providing 60% of energy as carbohydrate, protein, or fat or 33.3% of energy from each nutrient on intestinal absorption in mini pigs. DESIGN: Kinetics of nutrient absorption were determined by perfusing a 150-cm jejunal segment. The kinetics of absorption were used to determine optimal relations between the absorption and recovery of each nutrient. From these data, the optimal nutrient composition of the diets providing complete absorption of the macronutrients in the shortest intestinal length was evaluated. Absorption of nutrients was further determined after oral administration of 4 corresponding meals. RESULTS: With all enteral diets, the absorption of nutrients displayed saturation kinetics. Absorption rates of carbohydrate were significantly larger than those of fat and protein. Consequently, the amounts of nutrients remaining unabsorbed per unit length of jejunum differed among the macronutrients. After administration of various test meals, the length of the small intestine required for complete absorption of the nutrients depended on the composition of the meals. The shortest intestinal length for complete absorption was needed for a diet providing 48% of energy as carbohydrate, 23% as protein, and 29% as fat. This composition closely matched the nutritional requirements. CONCLUSION: The nutrient composition of diets can optimize intestinal absorption. This may be especially important in patients with malabsorption or short-bowel syndrome. (+info)Response of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase to the cephalic phase of insulin secretion. (8/3525)
Modulation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) allows a tissue-specific partitioning of triglyceride-derived fatty acids, and insulin is a major modulator of its activity. The present studies were aimed to assess in rats the contribution of insulin to the response of adipose tissue and muscle LPL to food intake. Epididymal and retroperitoneal adipose LPL rose 65% above fasting values as early as 1 h after the onset of a 30-min high-carbohydrate meal, with a second activity peak 1 h later that was maintained for an additional 2 h. Soleus muscle LPL was decreased by 25% between 0.5 and 4 h after meal intake. The essential contribution of insulin to the LPL response to food intake was determined by preventing the full insulin response to meal intake by administration of diazoxide (150 mg/kg body wt, in the meal). The usual postprandial changes in adipose and muscle LPL did not occur in the absence of an increase in insulinemia. However, the early (60 min) increase in adipose tissue LPL was not prevented by the drug, likely because of the maintenance of the early centrally mediated phase of insulin secretion. In a subsequent study, rats chronically implanted with a gastric cannula were used to demonstrate that the postprandial rise in adipose LPL is independent of nutrient absorption and can be elicited by the cephalic (preabsorptive) phase of insulin secretion. Obese Zucker rats were used because of their strong cephalic insulin response. After an 8-h fast, rats were fed a liquid diet ad libitum (orally, cannula closed), sham fed (orally, cannula opened), or fed directly into the stomach via the cannula during 4 h. Insulinemia increased 10-fold over fasting levels in ad libitum- and intragastric-fed rats and threefold in sham-fed rats. Changes in adipose tissue LPL were proportional to the elevation in plasma insulin levels, demonstrating that the cephalic-mediated rise in insulinemia, in the absence of nutrient absorption, stimulates adipose LPL. These results demonstrate the central role of insulin in the postprandial response of tissue LPL, and they show that cephalically mediated insulin secretion is able to stimulate adipose LPL. (+info)
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Vegetable
... dietary minerals; and carbohydrates. The consumption of crunchy and hard to chew foods, such as raw vegetables, during youth, ... being mostly low in fat and carbohydrates, but high in vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber. Many nutritionists encourage ... and dietary fiber. Canning is a process during which the enzymes in vegetables are deactivated and the micro-organisms present ... The USDA Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends consuming five to nine servings of fruit and vegetables daily. The total ...
Dietary fiber
Phillips GO (2013). "Dietary fibre: A chemical category or a health ingredient?". Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre. 1 ... "Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for carbohydrates and dietary fibre". EFSA Journal. 8 (3): 1462. 2010. doi: ... "Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for carbohydrates and dietary fiber". EFSA Journal. 8 (3): 1462. doi:10.2903/j. ... which deals with the establishment of Dietary Reference Values for carbohydrates and dietary fibre, "based on the available ...
Uncle Sam (cereal)
... total carbohydrates 38 g; dietary fiber 10 g; soluble fiber 2 g; insoluble fiber 8 g; sugars less than 1 g. It contains the ...
Low-carbohydrate diet
The FAO and WHO similarly recommend that the majority of dietary energy come from carbohydrates. Low-carbohydrate diets are not ... Low-carbohydrate diets restrict carbohydrate consumption relative to the average diet. Foods high in carbohydrates (e.g., sugar ... carbohydrates. A 2016 review of low-carbohydrate diets classified diets with 50 g of carbohydrate per day (less than 10% of ... "low-carbohydrate" when in fact they would more properly be termed "medium-carbohydrate" diets. Low-carbohydrate diet advocates ...
Charles Brennan
"Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre". Retrieved 9 September 2021. (Articles with short description, Short description ... Technology and in the Editorial Board of the Journal of Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre. "Staff Profile: Professor ... the role of plant dietary fibre in manipulating the glycaemic response. Brennan is a graduate of London University, Wye College ...
Oat beta-glucan
Tosh, Susan M (October 2013). "The research legacy of Peter J. Wood". Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre. 2 (2): 170-180 ... Oat β-glucans are water-soluble β-glucans derived from the endosperm of oat kernels known for their dietary contribution as ... This health claim mobilized a dietary movement as physicians and dietitians for the first time could recommend intake of a ... Andersson KE, Hellstrand P (July 2012). "Dietary oats and modulation of atherogenic pathways". Mol Nutr Food Res. 56 (7): 1003- ...
Oilfield scale inhibition
Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre. 5 (1): 31-61. doi:10.1016/j.bcdf.2014.12.001. Johannsen, F. R (2003-01-01). " ... Carbohydrate Polymers. 112: 145-151. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.05.075. PMID 25129728. Liu, Jun; Willför, Stefan; Xu, Chunlin ( ...
Mastocarpus stellatus
Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre. 3 (1): 29-40. doi:10.1016/j.bcdf.2014.01.002. ISSN 2212-6198. Blanco-Pascual, N.; ...
Mochi
"Dietary carbohydrate composition". www.fao.org. Retrieved 2016-03-11. "07-2: Structure of Starches , CHEM 005". online.science. ... of carbohydrates, no dietary fiber, 6.0 g (0.21 oz) of sugar, and 1.0 g (0.035 oz) of protein. Amylose and amylopectin are both ... Elsevier Publications, Carbohydrate Polymers. 35, 119-134. Ghaeb, Maryam; Tavanai, Hossein; Kadivar, Mehdi (2015). " ...
Fructose
A The carbohydrate figure is calculated in FoodData Central and does not always correspond to the sum of the sugars, the starch ... Carbons from dietary fructose are found in both the free fatty acid and glycerol moieties of plasma triglycerides. High ... The highest dietary sources of fructose, besides pure crystalline fructose, are foods containing white sugar (sucrose), high- ... All three dietary monosaccharides are transported into the liver by the GLUT2 transporter. Fructose and galactose are ...
Food
Plants have high carbohydrate, protein and lipid content, with carbohydrates mainly in the form of starch, fructose, glucose ... Dietary choices can also define cultures and play a role in religion. For example, only kosher foods are permitted by Judaism, ... Complex carbohydrates are long chains and thus do not have the sweet taste. Artificial sweeteners such as sucralose are used to ... Dietary habits play a significant role in the health and mortality of all humans. Imbalances between the consumed fuels and ...
Human food
Dietary choices can also define cultures and play a role in religion. For example, only kosher foods are permitted by Judaism, ... Complex carbohydrates are long chains and thus do not have the sweet taste. Artificial sweeteners such as sucralose are used to ... Dietary habits play a significant role in the health and mortality of all humans. Imbalances between the consumed fuels and ... More recently, dietary habits have been influenced by the concerns that some people have about possible impacts on health or ...
Sugar marketing
"SRF Funds Project 259: Dietary Carbohydrate and Blood Lipids in Germ-Free Rats" was funded from 1967 until 1971, when, after ... It was called "SRF Funds Project 226", and published as "Dietary Fats, Carbohydrates and Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease". ... "Dietary Fats, Carbohydrates and Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease". New England Journal of Medicine. 277 (4): 186-192. doi: ... The development of official European dietary guidelines was influenced by European sugar industry groups, who in 2000 ...
Sutterella
Delgado-Fernández P, Moreno FJ, Corzo N (2022-01-01). "3.09 - Metabolism of Non-Digestible Dietary Carbohydrates". In Glibetic ... Prebiotics, including artificial sweeteners, pectic polysaccharides, and dietary fiber, have been shown to alter the abundance ... Carbohydrate Polymers. 270: 118377. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118377. PMID 34364621. Simon J, Kroneck PM (2013-01-01). Poole ...
Wheat middlings
"Food sources and uses of dietary fiber". In Cho, Susan Sungsoo; Prosky, Leon; Dreher, Mark (eds.). Complex Carbohydrates in ...
Human nutrition
Insoluble dietary fiber Includes cellulose, a large carbohydrate polymer that is indigestible by humans, because humans do not ... Soluble dietary fiber Comprises a variety of oligosaccharides, waxes, esters, and other carbohydrates that dissolve or ... Westman EC (May 2002). "Is dietary carbohydrate essential for human nutrition?". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 75 ... Molecules of carbohydrates and fats consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Carbohydrates range from simple ...
Specific carbohydrate diet
Low-carbohydrate diet - Diets restricting carbohydrate consumption DASH diet - Dietary pattern intended to prevent and control ... The specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) is a restrictive diet originally created to manage celiac disease; it limits the use of ... Brown AC, Rampertab SD, Mullin GE (2011). "Existing dietary guidelines for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis". Expert ... we lack large prospective controlled trials to provide the dietary recommendations patients' desire. Taken together, studies of ...
Dietary supplement
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein and Amino Acids, Institute of ... "Dietary Supplement Fact Sheets". NIH Office of Dietary Supplements. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dietary supplements ... including the Dietary Supplement Label Database, Dietary Supplement Ingredient Database, and Dietary Supplement Facts Sheets of ... Furthermore, a dietary supplement must be labeled as a dietary supplement and be intended for ingestion and must not be ...
Ullucus
The carbohydrates of ulluco are composed mainly of starch. But there is also a significant amount of mucilage, a heterogeneous ... Dietary value variability is pronounced between cultivars. Little is known about the nutrition content of the leaves. They are ... Fresh tubers of ulluco are a valuable source of carbohydrates, comparable to one of the most world spread root crop, the potato ... carbohydrate and vitamin C source to people living in the high altitude mountainous regions of South America. The major appeal ...
Ketosis
The counter-argument is that there is no physiological requirement for dietary carbohydrate as adequate energy can be made via ... Plaskett LG (September 2003). "On the Essentiality of Dietary Carbohydrate". Journal of Nutritional & Environmental Medicine. ... When ketosis is induced by carbohydrate restriction, it is sometimes referred to as nutritional ketosis. A low-carbohydrate, ... The amount of carbohydrate restriction required to induce a state of ketosis is variable and depends on activity level, insulin ...
Ruminant
Only small amounts of glucose are absorbed from dietary carbohydrates. Most dietary carbohydrates are fermented into VFAs in ... Protein and nonstructural carbohydrate (pectin, sugars, and starches) are also fermented. Saliva is very important because it ... Fermentation is crucial to digestion because it breaks down complex carbohydrates, such as cellulose, and enables the animal to ... a stipulation preserved to this day in Jewish dietary laws. The verb 'to ruminate' has been extended metaphorically to mean to ...
Pancetta
... contains trace amounts of carbohydrates and no dietary fibre. These values can vary depending on processing, curing, ... Consumption of processed meats is reported to be the second largest source of dietary sodium consumption, with bacon products ... Estimation of dietary fat intake via the consumption of traditional meat products. Croatian Society of Food Technologists, ...
Dietary Reference Intake
... s for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids. Washington ... Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA), the daily dietary intake level of a nutrient considered sufficient by the Food and ... Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium. NCBI. NIH. 5 March 2019. Retrieved June 1, 2021. Dietary Reference Intakes ... Dietary Reference Intakes at United States National Agricultural Library Current USA dietary guidelines 2020-2025 (Harv and Sfn ...
Veganism
Almond milk is lower in dietary energy, carbohydrates, and protein. Soy milk should not be used as a replacement for breast ... Dietary changes caused by the Great Migration also meant former farmers, who had previously been able to grow or forage their ... In dietary terms it denotes the practice of dispensing with all products derived wholly or partly from animals. - The Vegan ... Dietary vegans, also known as "strict vegetarians", refrain from consuming meat, eggs, dairy products, and any other animal- ...
Oxalis tuberosa
Oca is a source of carbohydrates, dietary minerals, and protein. Cultivars vary substantially in nutritional content. Oca is ...
Polysaccharide
Called dietary fiber, these carbohydrates enhance digestion among other benefits. The main action of dietary fiber is to change ... "Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for carbohydrates and dietary fibre". EFSA Journal. 8 (3): 1462. March 25, 2010 ... "Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids ( ... "The Declaration of Certain Isolated or Synthetic Non-Digestible Carbohydrates as Dietary Fiber on Nutrition and Supplement ...
Sucrose
Wolever, Thomas M. S. (2006). The Glycaemic Index: A Physiological Classification of Dietary Carbohydrate. CABI. p. 64. ISBN ... Wolever, Thomas M. S. (2006). The Glycaemic Index: A Physiological Classification of Dietary Carbohydrate. CABI. p. 65. ISBN ... Gray GM (1971). "Intestinal digestion and maldigestion of dietary carbohydrate". Annual Review of Medicine. 22: 391-404. doi: ... thus providing only carbohydrate as dietary nutrient and 390 kilocalories per 100 g serving (USDA data, right table). There are ...
Sucralose
... dietary noncariogenic carbohydrate sweeteners and dental caries. Final rule". Federal Register. 71 (60): 15559-64. PMID ... Bert Fraser-Reid (2012). From Sugar to Splenda: A Personal and Scientific Journey of a Carbohydrate Chemist and Expert Witness ...
Wheat
68 g of carbohydrate (by difference), 12.2 g of dietary fiber, and 3.6 mg of iron (20% of the daily requirement). Wheat is ... Several B vitamins and other dietary minerals are in significant content. Wheat is 13% water, 71% carbohydrates, and 1.5% fat. ... Dietary fiber may also help people feel full and therefore help with a healthy weight. Further, wheat is a major source for ... 100 g (3+1⁄2 oz) of hard red winter wheat contain about 12.6 g of protein, 1.5 g of total fat, 71 g of carbohydrate (by ...
Carbohydrate counting
Dietary management of carbohydrate consumed is one tool used to help optimize blood sugar levels. Carbohydrate is found in a ... or other carbohydrate". With carbohydrate counting, the "total carbohydrate" is used as the carbohydrate amount. Carbohydrate ... "carbohydrate units". A carbohydrate unit is simply 15 g of carbohydrate. Carbohydrate counting can be used with or without ... Carbohydrate content of foods is listed on the Nutrition Facts panel as "total carbohydrate". Some food labels will list ...
Health in Bahrain
These unhealthy eating habits are reinforced in school canteens, where high fat and high carbohydrate foods such as pizza, ... Between meal times, children prefer French fries, chocolate, and soda, which lack micronutrients and dietary fiber. Within the ...
Diseases of poverty
Tooth decay is also strongly linked to dietary behaviors, and in poor rural areas where nutrient dense foods, fruits and ... HIV infection can affect the production of hormones that interfere with the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In ... Mobley, Connie; Marshall, Teresa A.; Milgrom, Peter; Coldwell, Susan E. (November 2009). "The Contribution of Dietary Factors ...
Cinnamon Toast Crunch
One serving has 25 g of total carbohydrates with 2 g of dietary fiber and 9 g of sugars with 14 g of other carbohydrates. A ...
Food desert
Different countries have different dietary models and views on nutrition. The distinct national nutrition guides add to the ... Instead, they have access to cheap, fast, and easy food, which typically contains excess fats, sugars, and carbohydrates. ... but social and physical environments played a significant role in stressing and in shaping their dietary behaviors. Food ... conditions to be shaped by their eating behaviors when the future chronic disease risk was affected by the history of dietary ...
Medieval cuisine
Even dietary recommendations were different: the diet of the upper classes was considered to be as much a requirement of their ... However, for most people, the diet tended to be high-carbohydrate, with most of the budget spent on, and the majority of ... Instead, medieval cuisine can be differentiated by the cereals and the oils that shaped dietary norms and crossed ethnic and, ... Cabbage and other foodstuffs in common use by most German-speaking peoples are mentioned in Walther Ryff's dietary from 1549 ...
Paleolithic
Eaton, S. Boyd; Eaton III, Stanley B.; Sinclair, Andrew J.; Cordain, Loren; Mann, Neil J. (1998). Dietary intake of long-chain ... One hypothesis is that carbohydrate tubers (plant underground storage organs) may have been eaten in high amounts by pre- ... Thorburn AW, Brand JC, Truswell AS (1 January 1987). "Slowly digested and absorbed carbohydrate in traditional bushfoods: a ... many of which had impact on human dietary structure. For example, humans probably did not possess the control of fire until the ...
Economic vegetarianism
They argue as health vegetarians that a vegetarian diet is rich in vitamins, dietary fiber, and complex carbohydrates, and ... For example, in the United Kingdom, necessity changed dietary habits during the period around World War II and the early 1950s ...
Lelord Kordel
Kordel was an advocate of a low-carbohydrate high-protein diet. He campaigned against high carbohydrate and starch foods such ... In 1946, Kordel was convicted of misbranding dietary supplements and fined $4,000. For example, he falsely advertised a herbal ... Low-carbohydrate cookbook writers, Low-carbohydrate diet advocates, Medical controversies in the United States, People ... Kordel promoted a low-carbohydrate high-protein fad diet. Born in Warsaw, Poland, as a child Lelord Kordel emigrated with his ...
Dryopithecus
Unlike modern apes, Dryopithecus likely had a high carbohydrate, low fibre diet. A high-fructose diet is associated with ... DeMiguel, D.; Alba, D. M.; Moyà-Solà, S. (2014). "Dietary Specialization during the Evolution of Western Eurasian Hominoids and ...
Kale
Raw kale is composed of 84% water, 9% carbohydrates, 4% protein, and 1% fat (table). In a 100 g (3+1⁄2 oz) serving, raw kale ... vitamin E and several dietary minerals, including iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus (see table "Kale, raw"). ...
Cranberry
... dietary fiber, and the essential dietary mineral manganese, each with more than 10% of its Daily Value. Other micronutrients ... Raw cranberries are 87% water, 12% carbohydrates, and contain negligible protein and fat (table). In a 100 gram reference ...
White rice
While brown rice and white rice have similar amounts of calories and carbohydrates, brown rice is a far richer source of all ... The bran in brown rice contains significant dietary fiber and the germ contains many vitamins and minerals. Typically, 100 ... This process causes the reduction or complete depletion of several vitamins and dietary minerals. Missing nutrients, such as ...
Cellulose
ISBN 978-0-8247-8210-8. Dhingra, D; Michael, M; Rajput, H; Patil, R. T. (2011). "Dietary fibre in foods: A review". Journal of ... Such enzymes are usually secreted as part of multienzyme complexes that may include dockerins and carbohydrate-binding modules ... Most mammals have limited ability to digest dietary fiber such as cellulose. Some ruminants like cows and sheep contain certain ... In human nutrition, cellulose is a non-digestible constituent of insoluble dietary fiber, acting as a hydrophilic bulking agent ...
Marmoset
The favorite food of marmosets is carbohydrate-rich tree sap, which they reach by gnawing holes in trunks. Their territories ... They are sometimes kept as pets, though they have specific dietary and habitat needs that require consideration. According to ...
Lists of foods
List of halal and kosher fish Kosher food - Kosher foods are those that conform to the regulations of kashrut (Jewish dietary ... It is produced either by Plants or Animals, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, ... List of fermented foods Halal food - Islamic jurisprudence vis-à-vis Islamic dietary laws specifies which foods are halal (" ... Fermentation in food processing is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts ...
Reese's Take 5
Total Fat 11g Saturated fat 5g Trans fat 0g Cholesterol 0g Total Carbohydrate 26g Dietary fiber 1g Total sugars 18g includes ...
Prostate cancer
Heinze VM, Actis AB (February 2012). "Dietary conjugated linoleic acid and long-chain n-3 fatty acids in mammary and prostate ... Little if any evidence associates trans fat, saturated fat, and carbohydrate intake and prostate cancer. Evidence does not ...
Physiological effects in space
If this is indeed the case, it could result in a greater tendency for muscle fatigue, should the carbohydrate stores become ... Stuart, CA; Shangraw, RE; Peters, EJ; Wolfe, RR (September 1990). "Effect of dietary protein on bed-rest-related changes in ... Smirnov, KV; Rubinova, LG; Afonin, BV; Noskov, VB; Kravchenko, VV (May-June 1991). "[Functional carbohydrate test during 237- ... Prospective countermeasures may include pharmacologic and/or dietary interventions, innovative exercise hardware providing ...
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron
As a component of the human gut flora, it can use both dietary carbohydrates and those sourced from the host, depending on ...
Chondroitin sulfate
... the new dietary ingredient provisions in section 413 of the Act (21 U.S.C. 350b), which pertain to dietary ingredients that ... Carbohydrate Polymers. 229: 115450. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115450. hdl:10261/193588. PMID 31826487. S2CID 208599006. ... Dietary ingredients in dietary supplements, however, are not subject to the food additive provisions of the act (see section ... While it is a prescription or over-the-counter drug in 22 countries, chondroitin is regulated in the U.S. as a dietary ...
Dental health diets for dogs
Ingredients that have an adequate amount of carbohydrates and are high in insoluble fibers (typically around 10%), such as soy ... Logan, E.I. (2006). "Dietary Influences on Periodontal Health in Dogs and Cats". Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small ... According to the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) dietary recommendations based on dry matter content, ...
Intestinal epithelium
On the other hand, it acts as a selective filter which facilitates the uptake of dietary nutrients, electrolytes, water and ... These glycoproteins, glycolipids, and enzymes catalyze the final digestive stages of luminal carbohydrates and proteins. The ... side chains of integral membrane hydrolases and other enzymes essential for the digestion of proteins and carbohydrates. ...
Glyceria fluitans
13.5% water content) contain about: 9.69% of protein, 0.43% of total fat, 75.06% of carbohydrate (starch and sugar), 0.21% of ... dietary fiber and 0.61% of ash. Based on the taxonomy of Glyceria fluitans its grains can be considered gluten free. Glyceria ...
Cat behavior
The food that domestic cats get has a lot of carbohydrates in it and a high sugar content cannot be efficiently processed by ... The eating of grass seems to stem from feline ancestry and has nothing to do with dietary requirements. It is believed that ...
Coconut oil
Mensink RP, Zock PL, Kester AD, Katan MB (May 2003). "Effects of dietary fatty acids and carbohydrates on the ratio of serum ... "Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010" (PDF). Department of Health and Human Services. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 ... Callaway J, Schwab U, Harvima I, Halonen P, Mykkänen O, Hyvönen P, Järvinen T (April 2005). "Efficacy of dietary hempseed oil ... "American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada Offer Up-to-Date Guidance on Dietary Fat". American Dietetic Association ...
Bioarchaeology
... carbohydrate, or fat in the diet. δ13C values help distinguish between dietary protein and plant sources while systematic ... However, dietary deficiencies are the most probable cause. Anemia incidence may be a result of inequalities within society, and ... Dietary proteins incorporated into living organisms tend to determine the stable isotope values of their organic tissues. ... These chemical signatures reflect long-term dietary patterns, rather than a single meal or feast. Isotope ratios in food, ...
Putrefying bacteria
Microbial Fermentation of Dietary Protein: An Important Factor in Diet-Microbe-Host Interaction. Microorganisms. 2019; 7(1):19 ... these bacteria spread through blood vessels and utilize the carbohydrates and proteins in the blood as an energy source. The ...
Ginger
Numerous monoterpenes, amino acids, dietary fiber, protein, phytosterols, vitamins, and dietary minerals are other constituents ... carbohydrates, 2% protein, and 1% fat (table). In 100 grams (a standard amount used to compare with other foods), raw ginger ... Although used in traditional medicine and as a dietary supplement, there is no good evidence that consuming ginger or its ... 2016). "Dietary supplements for dysmenorrhoea". Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2016 (3). CD002124. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002124. ...
Chestnut
... s provide some B vitamins and dietary minerals in significant content (table). Their carbohydrate content compares with ... Raw chestnuts are 60% water and contain 44 grams of carbohydrates, 2 grams of protein, one gram of fat, supplying 200 calories ... their calories come chiefly from carbohydrates. Fresh chestnut fruits provide about 820 kJ (200 kcal) of food energy per 100 g ... forest-dwelling communities which had scarce access to wheat flour relied on chestnuts as their main source of carbohydrates. ...
Green Revolution
According to Emile Frison of Bioversity International, the Green Revolution has also led to a change in dietary habits, as ... High yield-cereal crops have low quality proteins, with essential amino acid deficiencies, are high in carbohydrates, and lack ...
Browsing by Subject "Dietary Carbohydrates"
A prospective study of dietary carbohydrate quantity and quality in relation to risk of ovulatory infertility
The amount and quality of carbohydrate in diet may be important determinants of ovulation and fertility in healthy women. ... A prospective study of dietary carbohydrate quantity and quality in relation to risk of ovulatory infertility Eur J Clin Nutr. ... Total carbohydrate intake and dietary glycemic load were positively related to ovulatory infertility in analyses adjusted for ... for dietary glycemic load was 1.92 (1.26-2.92). Dietary glycemic index was positively related to ovulatory infertility only ...
PDF) Effects of Dietary Fiber and Carbohydrate on Glucose and Lipoprotein Metabolism in Diabetic Patients
Dietary recommendations for the treatment of diabetic patients issued by national and international diabetes associations ... much of the controversy between advocates and detractors of dietary carbohydrate can be settled by taking into account dietary ... Effects of Dietary Fiber and Carbohydrate on Glucose and Lipoprotein Metabolism in Diabetic Patients. *January 1992 ... despite the higher consumption of carbohydrates. Unfortunately, dietary fiber represents a heterogenous category, and there is ...
An Update on Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) Response to Dietary Fiber Form and Carbohydrate Profile: Implications for Animal...
Impact of maternal dietary carbohydrate intake and vitamin D-related genetic risk score on birth length: the Vitamin D Pregnant...
These findings suggest that reducing the intake of carbohydrates during pregnancy, particularly for those who have a higher ... However, there was a significant interaction of VDR-GRS with carbohydrate intake on birth length outcome (Pinteraction = 0.032 ... Pregnant mothers who had higher carbohydrate intake (405.88 ± 57.16 g/day) and who carried ≥ 2 risk alleles of VDR-GRS ... vitamin D and newborn anthropometry and the interaction between the GRSs and dietary factors were tested using linear ...
Low-carbohydrate dietary pattern on glycemic outcomes trial (ADEPT) among individuals with elevated hemoglobin A1c: study...
Low-carbohydrate dietary pattern on glycemic outcomes trial (ADEPT) among individuals with elevated hemoglobin A1c: study ... The healthy low-carbohydrate diet target is , 40 g of net carbohydrates during the first 3 months and , 40 to 60 net grams for ... Low-carbohydrate dietary pattern on glycemic outcomes trial (ADEPT) among individuals with elevated hemoglobin A1c: study ... Methods: The objective of this randomized controlled trial is to study the effect of a healthy low-carbohydrate diet achieved ...
The Effect of Dietary Fat and Carbohydrate on Diethylstilbestrol-induced Mammary Cancer in Rats* | Cancer Research | American...
The Effect of Dietary Fat and Carbohydrate on Diethylstilbestrol-induced Mammary Cancer in Rats* W. F. Dunning, Ph.D.; W. F. ... W. F. Dunning, M. R. Curtis, M. E. Maun; The Effect of Dietary Fat and Carbohydrate on Diethylstilbestrol-induced Mammary ... In order to assay the effects of dietary fat on mammary cancer development under conditions of rigidly controlled caloric ... were distributed into 6 groups and placed on iso-caloric synthetic rations of varying fat and carbohydrate composition. ...
The cardiometabolic consequences of replacing saturated fats with carbohydrates or Ω-6 polyunsaturated fats: Do the dietary...
The initial Dietary Goals for Americans, published in 1977, proposed increasing carbohydrates and decreasing saturated fat and ... Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial (DIRECT) Group. Weight loss with a low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean, or low-fat ... While total LDL may be lowered with a reduced intake of dietary fat, if replaced with carbohydrate, this may increase sdLDL ... Dietary guideline recommendations suggesting the replacement of saturated fat with carbohydrates/Ω-6 polyunsaturated fats do ...
NHANES 2001-2002: Dietary Interview - Individual Foods Data Documentation, Codebook, and Frequencies
DRXICARB - Carbohydrate (gm). Variable Name: DRXICARB. SAS Label: Carbohydrate (gm). English Text: Carbohydrate (gm). Target: ... DRXIFIBE - Dietary fiber (gm). Variable Name: DRXIFIBE. SAS Label: Dietary fiber (gm). English Text: Dietary fiber (gm). Target ... DRDDRSTZ - Dietary recall status. Variable Name: DRDDRSTZ. SAS Label: Dietary recall status. English Text: Dietary recall ... WTDR4YR - Dietary day one 4-Year sample weight Variable Name: WTDR4YR. SAS Label: Dietary day one 4-Year sample weight English ...
Hypercalciuria Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Dietary Treatment, Pharmacologic Therapy
... and carbohydrates are reviewed individually below. No relationship between dietary fat and hypercalciuria has been found. ... Dietary Treatment. The following are recommendations in the dietary treatment of hypercalciuria:. * Limit daily calcium intake ... Although dietary changes alone may not always be a successful or adequate treatment, dietary excesses possibly can undermine or ... Dietary modifications involving reasonable restrictions of dietary calcium, oxalate, meat (purines) and sodium, have been ...
Candied Bacon Recipe | Food Network
Results of search for 'su:{Dietary carbohydrates.}' › WHO HQ Library catalog
Text; Format: print Publication details: Roma : FAO, 1999Title translated: Carbohydrates in human nutrition.Availability: Items ... Carbohydrates in human nutrition : report of a joint FAO/WHO expert consultation, Rome, 14-18 April 1997. by Joint FAO/WHO ... Expert Consultation on Carbohydrates in Human Nutrition (1998: Rome, Italy) , World Health Organization. ...
IMSEAR at SEARO: Dietary carbohydrates and atherosclerosis: an experimental study in rabbits.
Cherry Cheesecake Recipe | EatingWell
Introduction to Low Carbohydrate Dietary
Individual Dietary Priori Dietary Molecular Dietary Exploring Dietary Randomized Dietary Personalized Dietary Simple Dietary ... Natural Dietary Varying Dietary Online Dietary Increasing Dietary Acid Dietary Upon Dietary Herbal Dietary World Dietary ... Dietary Western Dietary Long Term Dietary Increased Dietary Regarding Dietary Predict Dietary Low Dietary Oral Dietary Free ... Dietary Versus Dietary Estimated Dietary Mobile Dietary Probiotic Dietary Consumers Dietary Weighed Dietary Two Dietary Dose ...
Refined Carbohydrate Dietary Supplementation Printcustompod
When Refined Carbohydrate Dietary Supplementation youre trying to lose weight, you may be able to lose weight easily, you can ... Refined Carbohydrate Dietary Supplementation Printcustompod. Some weight loss pills are not a bit of ingredients that help you ... People Refined Carbohydrate Dietary Supplementation who are overweight and obese, habits, and athletes are not extremely ... The best diet pills dont actually work for Refined Carbohydrate Dietary Supplementation you to make sure that you are not ...
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Carbohydrates: MedlinePlus
Learn how to incorporate carbohydrates into a healthy diet. ... Carbohydrates are one of the basic food groups. ... ClinicalTrials.gov: Dietary Carbohydrates (National Institutes of Health) * ClinicalTrials.gov: Sweetening Agents (National ... What are carbohydrates?. Carbohydrates, or carbs, are sugar molecules. Along with proteins and fats, carbohydrates are one of ... Carbohydrates, Sugar, and Your Child (Nemours Foundation) Also in Spanish * Learning about Carbohydrates (Nemours Foundation) ...