Diabetic retinopathy. Medical search

Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION.

A bilateral retinopathy occurring in premature infants treated with excessively high concentrations of oxygen, characterized by vascular dilatation, proliferation, and tortuosity, edema, and retinal detachment, with ultimate conversion of the retina into a fibrous mass that can be seen as a dense retrolental membrane. Usually growth of the eye is arrested and may result in microophthalmia, and blindness may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed)

The blood vessels which supply and drain the RETINA.

Formation of new blood vessels originating from the retinal veins and extending along the inner (vitreal) surface of the retina.

The ten-layered nervous tissue membrane of the eye. It is continuous with the OPTIC NERVE and receives images of external objects and transmits visual impulses to the brain. Its outer surface is in contact with the CHOROID and the inner surface with the VITREOUS BODY. The outer-most layer is pigmented, whereas the inner nine layers are transparent.

Diabetes mellitus induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by PANCREATECTOMY.

Method of making images on a sensitized surface by exposure to light or other radiant energy.

The coagulation of tissue by an intense beam of light, including laser (LASER COAGULATION). In the eye it is used in the treatment of retinal detachments, retinal holes, aneurysms, hemorrhages, and malignant and benign neoplasms. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d ed)

KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.

A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.

The transparent, semigelatinous substance that fills the cavity behind the CRYSTALLINE LENS of the EYE and in front of the RETINA. It is contained in a thin hyaloid membrane and forms about four fifths of the optic globe.

A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.

Visualization of a vascular system after intravenous injection of a fluorescein solution. The images may be photographed or televised. It is used especially in studying the retinal and uveal vasculature.

A specialized transport barrier, in the EYE, formed by the retinal pigment EPITHELIUM, and the ENDOTHELIUM of the BLOOD VESSELS of the RETINA. TIGHT JUNCTIONS joining adjacent cells keep the barrier between cells continuous.

The use of green light-producing LASERS to stop bleeding. The green light is selectively absorbed by HEMOGLOBIN, thus triggering BLOOD COAGULATION.

Abnormal intravascular leukocyte aggregation and clumping often seen in leukemia patients. The brain and lungs are the two most commonly affected organs. This acute syndrome requires aggressive cytoreductive modalities including chemotherapy and/or leukophoresis. It is differentiated from LEUKEMIC INFILTRATION which is a neoplastic process where leukemic cells invade organs.

Fluid accumulation in the outer layer of the MACULA LUTEA that results from intraocular or systemic insults. It may develop in a diffuse pattern where the macula appears thickened or it may acquire the characteristic petaloid appearance referred to as cystoid macular edema. Although macular edema may be associated with various underlying conditions, it is most commonly seen following intraocular surgery, venous occlusive disease, DIABETIC RETINOPATHY, and posterior segment inflammatory disease. (From Survey of Ophthalmology 2004; 49(5) 470-90)

Removal of the whole or part of the vitreous body in treating endophthalmitis, diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, intraocular foreign bodies, and some types of glaucoma.

VASCULAR DISEASES that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS.

Clarity or sharpness of OCULAR VISION or the ability of the eye to see fine details. Visual acuity depends on the functions of RETINA, neuronal transmission, and the interpretative ability of the brain. Normal visual acuity is expressed as 20/20 indicating that one can see at 20 feet what should normally be seen at that distance. Visual acuity can also be influenced by brightness, color, and contrast.

The concave interior of the eye, consisting of the retina, the choroid, the sclera, the optic disk, and blood vessels, seen by means of the ophthalmoscope. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

Bleeding from the vessels of the retina.

Hemorrhage into the VITREOUS BODY.

Examination of the interior of the eye with an ophthalmoscope.

Minor hemoglobin components of human erythrocytes designated A1a, A1b, and A1c. Hemoglobin A1c is most important since its sugar moiety is glucose covalently bound to the terminal amino acid of the beta chain. Since normal glycohemoglobin concentrations exclude marked blood glucose fluctuations over the preceding three to four weeks, the concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin A is a more reliable index of the blood sugar average over a long period of time.

Unique slender cells with multiple processes extending along the capillary vessel axis and encircling the vascular wall, also called mural cells. Pericytes are imbedded in the BASEMENT MEMBRANE shared with the ENDOTHELIAL CELLS of the vessel. Pericytes are important in maintaining vessel integrity, angiogenesis, and vascular remodeling.

The inability to see or the loss or absence of perception of visual stimuli. This condition may be the result of EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; OPTIC CHIASM diseases; or BRAIN DISEASES affecting the VISUAL PATHWAYS or OCCIPITAL LOBE.

The original member of the family of endothelial cell growth factors referred to as VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A was originally isolated from tumor cells and referred to as "tumor angiogenesis factor" and "vascular permeability factor". Although expressed at high levels in certain tumor-derived cells it is produced by a wide variety of cell types. In addition to stimulating vascular growth and vascular permeability it may play a role in stimulating VASODILATION via NITRIC OXIDE-dependent pathways. Alternative splicing of the mRNA for vascular endothelial growth factor A results in several isoforms of the protein being produced.

A surgical specialty concerned with the structure and function of the eye and the medical and surgical treatment of its defects and diseases.

Glucose in blood.

The professional practice of primary eye and vision care that includes the measurement of visual refractive power and the correction of visual defects with lenses or glasses.

A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.

The state of PREGNANCY in women with DIABETES MELLITUS. This does not include either symptomatic diabetes or GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE induced by pregnancy (DIABETES, GESTATIONAL) which resolves at the end of pregnancy.

Diseases affecting the eye.

A membrane on the vitreal surface of the retina resulting from the proliferation of one or more of three retinal elements: (1) fibrous astrocytes; (2) fibrocytes; and (3) retinal pigment epithelial cells. Localized epiretinal membranes may occur at the posterior pole of the eye without clinical signs or may cause marked loss of vision as a result of covering, distorting, or detaching the fovea centralis. Epiretinal membranes may cause vascular leakage and secondary retinal edema. In younger individuals some membranes appear to be developmental in origin and occur in otherwise normal eyes. The majority occur in association with retinal holes, ocular concussions, retinal inflammation, or after ocular surgery. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p291)

Common foot problems in persons with DIABETES MELLITUS, caused by any combination of factors such as DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES; and INFECTION. With the loss of sensation and poor circulation, injuries and infections often lead to severe foot ulceration, GANGRENE and AMPUTATION.

Conditions or pathological processes associated with the disease of diabetes mellitus. Due to the impaired control of BLOOD GLUCOSE level in diabetic patients, pathological processes develop in numerous tissues and organs including the EYE, the KIDNEY, the BLOOD VESSELS, and the NERVE TISSUE.

Central retinal artery and its branches. It arises from the ophthalmic artery, pierces the optic nerve and runs through its center, enters the eye through the porus opticus and branches to supply the retina.

Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level.

Methods and procedures for the diagnosis of diseases of the eye or of vision disorders.

Visual impairments limiting one or more of the basic functions of the eye: visual acuity, dark adaptation, color vision, or peripheral vision. These may result from EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; VISUAL PATHWAY diseases; OCCIPITAL LOBE diseases; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS; and other conditions (From Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p132).

An enzyme that catalyzes reversibly the oxidation of an aldose to an alditol. It possesses broad specificity for many aldoses. EC 1.1.1.21.

The minute vessels that connect the arterioles and venules.

An antibiotic that is produced by Stretomyces achromogenes. It is used as an antineoplastic agent and to induce diabetes in experimental animals.

Vitreoretinal membrane shrinkage or contraction secondary to the proliferation of primarily retinal pigment epithelial cells and glial cells, particularly fibrous astrocytes, followed by membrane formation. The formation of fibrillar collagen and cellular proliferation appear to be the basis for the contractile properties of the epiretinal and vitreous membranes.

An oval area in the retina, 3 to 5 mm in diameter, usually located temporal to the posterior pole of the eye and slightly below the level of the optic disk. It is characterized by the presence of a yellow pigment diffusely permeating the inner layers, contains the fovea centralis in its center, and provides the best phototropic visual acuity. It is devoid of retinal blood vessels, except in its periphery, and receives nourishment from the choriocapillaris of the choroid. (From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

The administration of substances into the VITREOUS BODY of the eye with a hypodermic syringe.

Application of tests and examinations to identify visual defects or vision disorders occurring in specific populations, as in school children, the elderly, etc. It is differentiated from VISION TESTS, which are given to evaluate/measure individual visual performance not related to a specific population.

Nerve cells of the RETINA in the pathway of transmitting light signals to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. They include the outer layer of PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS, the intermediate layer of RETINAL BIPOLAR CELLS and AMACRINE CELLS, and the internal layer of RETINAL GANGLION CELLS.

Recording of electric potentials in the retina after stimulation by light.

Separation of the inner layers of the retina (neural retina) from the pigment epithelium. Retinal detachment occurs more commonly in men than in women, in eyes with degenerative myopia, in aging and in aphakia. It may occur after an uncomplicated cataract extraction, but it is seen more often if vitreous humor has been lost during surgery. (Dorland, 27th ed; Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p310-12).

The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.

An imaging method using LASERS that is used for mapping subsurface structure. When a reflective site in the sample is at the same optical path length (coherence) as the reference mirror, the detector observes interference fringes.

Degenerative changes to the RETINA due to HYPERTENSION.

Organized periodic procedures performed on large groups of people for the purpose of detecting disease.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Products derived from the nonenzymatic reaction of GLUCOSE and PROTEINS in vivo that exhibit a yellow-brown pigmentation and an ability to participate in protein-protein cross-linking. These substances are involved in biological processes relating to protein turnover and it is believed that their excessive accumulation contributes to the chronic complications of DIABETES MELLITUS.

An objective determination of the refractive state of the eye (NEARSIGHTEDNESS; FARSIGHTEDNESS; ASTIGMATISM). By using a RETINOSCOPE, the amount of correction and the power of lens needed can be determined.

Central retinal vein and its tributaries. It runs a short course within the optic nerve and then leaves and empties into the superior ophthalmic vein or cavernous sinus.

A series of tests used to assess various functions of the eyes.

The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.

An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).

The property of blood capillary ENDOTHELIUM that allows for the selective exchange of substances between the blood and surrounding tissues and through membranous barriers such as the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER; BLOOD-AQUEOUS BARRIER; BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER; BLOOD-NERVE BARRIER; BLOOD-RETINAL BARRIER; and BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER. Small lipid-soluble molecules such as carbon dioxide and oxygen move freely by diffusion. Water and water-soluble molecules cannot pass through the endothelial walls and are dependent on microscopic pores. These pores show narrow areas (TIGHT JUNCTIONS) which may limit large molecule movement.

The use of photothermal effects of LASERS to coagulate, incise, vaporize, resect, dissect, or resurface tissue.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Degenerative changes in the RETINA usually of older adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the MACULA LUTEA) because of damage to the retina. It occurs in dry and wet forms.

Vision considered to be inferior to normal vision as represented by accepted standards of acuity, field of vision, or motility. Low vision generally refers to visual disorders that are caused by diseases that cannot be corrected by refraction (e.g., MACULAR DEGENERATION; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; DIABETIC RETINOPATHY, etc.).

A form of secondary glaucoma which develops as a consequence of another ocular disease and is attributed to the forming of new vessels in the angle of the anterior chamber.

Substances which lower blood glucose levels.

An area approximately 1.5 millimeters in diameter within the macula lutea where the retina thins out greatly because of the oblique shifting of all layers except the pigment epithelium layer. It includes the sloping walls of the fovea (clivus) and contains a few rods in its periphery. In its center (foveola) are the cones most adapted to yield high visual acuity, each cone being connected to only one ganglion cell. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components.

A group of inherited enzyme deficiencies which feature elevations of GALACTOSE in the blood. This condition may be associated with deficiencies of GALACTOKINASE; UDPGLUCOSE-HEXOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; or UDPGLUCOSE 4-EPIMERASE. The classic form is caused by UDPglucose-Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase deficiency, and presents in infancy with FAILURE TO THRIVE; VOMITING; and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. Affected individuals also may develop MENTAL RETARDATION; JAUNDICE; hepatosplenomegaly; ovarian failure (PRIMARY OVARIAN INSUFFICIENCY); and cataracts. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp61-3)

A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed)

A family of serine proteinase inhibitors which are similar in amino acid sequence and mechanism of inhibition, but differ in their specificity toward proteolytic enzymes. This family includes alpha 1-antitrypsin, angiotensinogen, ovalbumin, antiplasmin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, thyroxine-binding protein, complement 1 inactivators, antithrombin III, heparin cofactor II, plasminogen inactivators, gene Y protein, placental plasminogen activator inhibitor, and barley Z protein. Some members of the serpin family may be substrates rather than inhibitors of SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES, and some serpins occur in plants where their function is not known.

A sultanate on the southeast coast of the Arabian peninsula. Its capital is Masqat. Before the 16th century it was ruled by independent emirs but was captured and controlled by the Portuguese 1508-1648. In 1741 it was recovered by a descendent of Yemen's imam. After its decline in the 19th century, it became virtually a political and economic dependency within the British Government of India, retaining close ties with Great Britain by treaty from 1939 to 1970 when it achieved autonomy. The name was recorded by Pliny in the 1st century A.D. as Omana, said to be derived from the founder of the state, Oman ben Ibrahim al-Khalil. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p890; Oman Embassy, Washington; Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p391)

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Highly specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that line the HEART; BLOOD VESSELS; and lymph vessels, forming the ENDOTHELIUM. They are polygonal in shape and joined together by TIGHT JUNCTIONS. The tight junctions allow for variable permeability to specific macromolecules that are transported across the endothelial layer.

The thin, highly vascular membrane covering most of the posterior of the eye between the RETINA and SCLERA.

The macroglial cells of EPENDYMA. They are characterized by bipolar cell body shape and processes that contact BASAL LAMINA around blood vessels and/or the PIA MATER and the CEREBRAL VENTRICLES.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Persons with loss of vision such that there is an impact on activities of daily living.

A pathologic process consisting of the proliferation of blood vessels in abnormal tissues or in abnormal positions.

Agents and endogenous substances that antagonize or inhibit the development of new blood vessels.

Peripheral, autonomic, and cranial nerve disorders that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. These conditions usually result from diabetic microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply nerves (VASA NERVORUM). Relatively common conditions which may be associated with diabetic neuropathy include third nerve palsy (see OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES); MONONEUROPATHY; mononeuropathy multiplex; diabetic amyotrophy; a painful POLYNEUROPATHY; autonomic neuropathy; and thoracoabdominal neuropathy. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1325)

A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

A polyhydric alcohol with about half the sweetness of sucrose. Sorbitol occurs naturally and is also produced synthetically from glucose. It was formerly used as a diuretic and may still be used as a laxative and in irrigating solutions for some surgical procedures. It is also used in many manufacturing processes, as a pharmaceutical aid, and in several research applications.

An infant during the first month after birth.

Delivery of health services via remote telecommunications. This includes interactive consultative and diagnostic services.

Agents that dilate the pupil. They may be either sympathomimetics or parasympatholytics.

A form of fluorescent antibody technique commonly used to detect serum antibodies and immune complexes in tissues and microorganisms in specimens from patients with infectious diseases. The technique involves formation of an antigen-antibody complex which is labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)

Diabetes complications in which VENTRICULAR REMODELING in the absence of CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS and hypertension results in cardiac dysfunctions, typically LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION. The changes also result in myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial necrosis and fibrosis, and collagen deposition due to impaired glucose tolerance.

Introduction of substances into the body using a needle and syringe.

Perforations through the whole thickness of the retina including the macula as the result of inflammation, trauma, degeneration, etc. The concept includes retinal breaks, tears, dialyses, and holes.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

The single layer of pigment-containing epithelial cells in the RETINA, situated closely to the tips (outer segments) of the RETINAL PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS. These epithelial cells are macroglia that perform essential functions for the photoreceptor cells, such as in nutrient transport, phagocytosis of the shed photoreceptor membranes, and ensuring retinal attachment.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.

Inflammation of the RETINA. It is rarely limited to the retina, but is commonly associated with diseases of the choroid (CHORIORETINITIS) and of the OPTIC DISK (neuroretinitis).

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Pathological outpouching or sac-like dilatation in the wall of any blood vessel (ARTERIES or VEINS) or the heart (HEART ANEURYSM). It indicates a thin and weakened area in the wall which may later rupture. Aneurysms are classified by location, etiology, or other characteristics.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

An abnormal increase in the amount of oxygen in the tissues and organs.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Inflammation of the retinal vasculature with various causes including infectious disease; LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; BEHCET SYNDROME; and CHORIORETINITIS.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

A naturally occurring product of plants obtained following reduction of GALACTOSE. It appears as a white crystalline powder with a slight sweet taste. It may form in excess in the lens of the eye in GALACTOSEMIAS, a deficiency of GALACTOKINASE.

An intermediate filament protein found only in glial cells or cells of glial origin. MW 51,000.

A cell-surface ligand involved in leukocyte adhesion and inflammation. Its production is induced by gamma-interferon and it is required for neutrophil migration into inflamed tissue.

The clear, watery fluid which fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye. It has a refractive index lower than the crystalline lens, which it surrounds, and is involved in the metabolism of the cornea and the crystalline lens. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed, p319)

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

A drug used to reduce hemorrhage in diabetic retinopathy.

The non-neuronal cells of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu, participate in the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER and BLOOD-RETINAL BARRIER, form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. Neuroglia have high-affinity transmitter uptake systems, voltage-dependent and transmitter-gated ion channels, and can release transmitters, but their role in signaling (as in many other functions) is unclear.

A dull or sharp painful sensation associated with the outer or inner structures of the eyeball, having different causes.

A family of angiogenic proteins that are closely-related to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A. They play an important role in the growth and differentiation of vascular as well as lymphatic endothelial cells.

Argon. A noble gas with the atomic symbol Ar, atomic number 18, and atomic weight 39.948. It is used in fluorescent tubes and wherever an inert atmosphere is desired and nitrogen cannot be used.

The organ of sight constituting a pair of globular organs made up of a three-layered roughly spherical structure specialized for receiving and responding to light.

A retrogressive pathological change in the retina, focal or generalized, caused by genetic defects, inflammation, trauma, vascular disease, or aging. Degeneration affecting predominantly the macula lutea of the retina is MACULAR DEGENERATION. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p304)

Neurons of the innermost layer of the retina, the internal plexiform layer. They are of variable sizes and shapes, and their axons project via the OPTIC NERVE to the brain. A small subset of these cells act as photoreceptors with projections to the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS, the center for regulating CIRCADIAN RHYTHM.

The finer blood vessels of the vasculature that are generally less than 100 microns in internal diameter.

The circulation of the BLOOD through the MICROVASCULAR NETWORK.

Compounds based on reduced IMIDAZOLINES which contain no double bonds in the ring.

An angiopoietin that is closely related to ANGIOPOIETIN-1. It binds to the TIE-2 RECEPTOR without receptor stimulation and antagonizes the effect of ANGIOPOIETIN-1. However its antagonistic effect may be limited to cell receptors that occur within the vasculature. Angiopoietin-2 may therefore play a role in down-regulation of BLOOD VESSEL branching and sprouting.

These growth factors are soluble mitogens secreted by a variety of organs. The factors are a mixture of two single chain polypeptides which have affinity to heparin. Their molecular weight are organ and species dependent. They have mitogenic and chemotactic effects and can stimulate endothelial cells to grow and synthesize DNA. The factors are related to both the basic and acidic FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTORS but have different amino acid sequences.

An audit of the care of diabetics in a group practice. (1/2382)

The diabetics in a general practice of 20,175 patients were identified during one year and 119 were found-a prevalence of 5.9 per thousand.The age and sex distribution, method of treatment, criteria of diabetic control, complications, and present method of care were analysed from the medical records to examine the process of medical care of a chronic disease in general practice. (+info)

Increase in the advanced glycation end product pentosidine in Bruch's membrane with age. (2/2382)

PURPOSE: To determine whether there is an age-related increase of pentosidine in human Bruch's membranes and to localize pentosidine and carboxymethyllysine (CML), two well-characterized, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in aged human Bruch's membranes and choroid in vivo. METHODS: Human Bruch's membrane samples were isolated from the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid and subjected to reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography to determine pentosidine content. A polyclonal anti-pentosidine antibody and a monoclonal antibody specific for carboxymethyllysine were used to localize AGEs in 20-month-old nondiabetic, 82-year-old nondiabetic, and 82-year-old diabetic globes. RESULTS: Human Bruch's membranes (n = 20) showed a linear age-dependent increase in pentosidine that reached approximately 0.17 millimoles pentosidine per mole hydroxyproline in late life (r = 0.896; P < 0.001). Immunohistochemical evaluation showed evidence of pentosidine in Bruch's membrane, choroidal extracellular matrix, and vessel walls in the 82-year-old nondiabetic and diabetic globes. A similar staining pattern was found with the anti-CML antibody. Basal laminar deposits and drusen stained with both antibodies in the elderly nondiabetic eye. In contrast, neither antibody stained the 20-month-old tissue. CONCLUSIONS: We provide biochemical and immunohistochemical evidence for the formation of pentosidine and CML structures in human Bruch's membrane and choroid with age. These changes could promote aging of the RPE-Bruch's membrane-choroid complex. (+info)

Human diabetic neovascular membranes contain high levels of urokinase and metalloproteinase enzymes. (3/2382)

PURPOSE: Retinal neovascularization is one of the leading causes of blindness. A crucial event in this process is the remodeling and penetration of the capillary basement membrane by migrating endothelial cells. This process requires proteolysis of basement membrane components by a variety of proteinases. The objective of the present study was to determine the expression of proteinases in human retinal tissues showing active neovascularization. METHODS: Epiretinal neovascular membranes surgically removed from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy were analyzed by zymography, and the types and amounts of proteinases present in the tissues were determined. Retinas from nondiabetic donor eyes served as control specimens. RESULTS: Both the high- (54 kDa) and low- (33 kDa) molecular-weight forms of urokinase were present at significantly higher levels in neovascular membranes than in normal retinas. The pro forms of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly elevated in the neovascular membranes in comparison with levels in normal retinas. In addition, the active forms of these enzymes were present in the membranes, whereas there was no detectable level of the active forms in normal retinas. CONCLUSIONS: Human diabetic neovascular membranes contain high levels of urokinase and MMP. The increased activity of proteinases in the final common pathway of retinal neovascularization indicates that inhibition of these enzymes may be a useful therapeutic target as an alternative approach in the management of proliferative retinopathies. (+info)

Skin collagen glycation, glycoxidation, and crosslinking are lower in subjects with long-term intensive versus conventional therapy of type 1 diabetes: relevance of glycated collagen products versus HbA1c as markers of diabetic complications. DCCT Skin Collagen Ancillary Study Group. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. (4/2382)

The relationships between long-term intensive control of glycemia and indicators of skin collagen glycation (furosine), glycoxidation (pentosidine and N(epsilon)-[carboxymethyl]-lysine [CML]), and crosslinking (acid and pepsin solubility) were examined in 216 patients with type 1 diabetes from the primary prevention and secondary intervention cohorts of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. By comparison with conventional treatment, 5 years of intensive treatment was associated with 30-32% lower furosine, 9% lower pentosidine, 9-13% lower CML, 24% higher acid-soluble collagen, and 50% higher pepsin-soluble collagen. All of these differences were statistically significant in the subjects of the primary prevention cohort (P < 0.006-0.001) and also of the secondary intervention cohort (P < 0.015-0.001) with the exception of CML and acid-soluble collagen. Age- and duration-adjusted collagen variables were significantly associated with the HbA1c value nearest the biopsy and with cumulative prior HbA1c values. Multiple logistic regression analyses with six nonredundant collagen parameters as independent variables and various expressions of retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy outcomes as dependent variables showed that the complications were significantly associated with the full set of collagen variables. Surprisingly, the percentage of total variance (R2) in complications explained by the collagen variables ranged from 19 to 36% with the intensive treatment and from 14 to 51% with conventional treatment. These associations generally remained significant even after adjustment for HbA1c, and, most unexpectedly, in conventionally treated subjects, glycated collagen was the parameter most consistently associated with diabetic complications. Continued monitoring of these subjects may determine whether glycation products in the skin, and especially the early Amadori product (furosine), have the potential to be predictors of the future risk of developing complications, and perhaps be even better predictors than glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). (+info)

What quality measurements miss. (5/2382)

Measurable indices of health care quality are all the rage these days. But physicians know that not everything in health care can be quantified. If reportable numbers become our principal focus, what is in danger of falling through the cracks? (+info)

Cotherapy with recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I and insulin improves glycemic control in type 1 diabetes. RhIGF-I in IDDM Study Group. (6/2382)

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of 12 weeks of cotherapy with recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) and insulin on glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The study population consisted of 223 patients who ranged in age from 11-66 years and were randomized in a double-blind study to receive 12 weeks of treatment with twice-daily subcutaneous injections of placebo (n = 54), or rhIGF-I at a dose (A.M/P.M) of 40/40 micrograms/kg (n = 56), 80/40 micrograms/kg (n = 57), or 80/60 micrograms/kg (n = 56), while continuing to receive standard insulin therapy. Patients were instructed to test blood glucose levels four times daily and adjust insulin doses to optimize blood glucose control. HbAlc, insulin requirements, body weight, and parameters of the IGF-IGF-binding protein axis were assessed before and during treatment. RESULTS: All groups were comparable at baseline with respect to mean age, gender distribution, duration of diabetes, HbAlc, and BMI. Cotherapy with rhIGF-I/insulin produced a mean decrease in HbAlc of 1.2%, compared with a 0.7% decrease in HbAlc for patients receiving intensified insulin therapy alone (P < or = 0.01). Subjects receiving rhIGF-I/insulin cotherapy also decreased their daily insulin usage by 11-19%, compared with a 7% increase in insulin usage reported by the placebo group. Moreover, the incidence of hypoglycemia was similar in subjects treated with rhIGF-I/Insulin cotherapy compared with those treated with insulin alone, despite the better glycemic control of the former group. The 40/40 dose of rhIGF-I was well tolerated. Higher doses of rhIGF-I did not further improve efficacy yet were associated with unacceptable levels of adverse events, including edema, jaw pain, and early worsening of retinopathy. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that rhIGF/insulin cotherapy improves glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes better than optimized insulin management alone; longer-term trials would be required to determine an acceptable benefit-risk profile. (+info)

Gemfibrozil in a group of diabetics. (7/2382)

A group of 14 diabetic patients was treated with gemfibrozil during a variable length of time ranging from nine to 23 weeks in order to establish if a lowering effect on the cholesterol and triglyceride levels could be achieved, as it had been in the case of another group of non-diabetic patients. The present results showed that: (1) The drug is remarkably well tolerated. (2) With doses ranging between 400 and 800 mg per day the magnitude of the effect of the drug was less than that observed in our previous trial with non-diabetic subjects. The effect upon triglycerides seemed to be reduced more than that upon cholesterol when compared with results in higher-dose studies. (3) In this group of diabetic patients (3 insulin dependent, 11 maturity-onset type) control of the diabetic condition was never impaired and appeared in some cases to be slightly improved by gemfibrozil. (4) There was no evidence of undesirable interaction with any of the anti-diabetic drugs used. (+info)

Evidence for control of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) activity by TNF receptors in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. (8/2382)

TNF-alpha has been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). At present there are no studies linking serum levels of soluble TNF receptors (sTNF-R) to the development of diabetic microvascular complications such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), or to the production of TNF-alpha in these patients. We investigated serum levels of sTNF receptors (sTNF-RI and sTNF-RII) in IDDM patients with or without PDR, and related these to the in vitro production of TNF-alpha upon activation of whole blood and isolated mononuclear cells (MNC). We observed higher serum levels of sTNF-RI in IDDM patients with active (range 945-6630 pg/ml; P = 0.029) or quiescent PDR (range 1675-4970 pg/ml; P = 0.00092) than in individuals with IDDM without retinopathy (range 657-2617 pg/ml) or healthy controls (range 710-1819 pg/ml; P = 0.0092 and 0.0023, respectively). Increased serum levels of sTNF-RII were also seen in IDDM patients with active PDR (range 1749-5218 pg/ml; P = 0.034) or quiescent PDR (range 1494-5249 pg/ml; P = 0.0084) when compared with disease controls (range 1259-4210 pg/ml) or healthy subjects (range 1237-4283 pg/ml). Whole blood production of biologically active TNF-alpha was lower in PDR patients than in disease (P = 0.04) and healthy controls (P < 0.005), contrasting with a higher production of TNF-alpha by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated MNC from PDR patients (P = 0.013). Inhibition of TNF-alpha by TNF-R in plasma supernatants of activated blood from PDR patients was demonstrated by increase of TNF-alpha activity in the presence of anti-TNF-RI and anti-TNF-RII antibodies. These observations suggest that abnormalities in TNF-alpha production and control may operate during the development of microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. (+info)

... namely the Early Treatment for Diabetic Retinopathy Study, Diabetic Retinopathy Vitrectomy Study, Diabetic Retinopathy Study, ... diabetic macular edema, and 10% experiencing loss of vision from diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is the leading ... the higher his or her chances of developing diabetic retinopathy. Each year in the United States, diabetic retinopathy accounts ... of those with type 1 diabetes have some degree of diabetic retinopathy, while 2% have proliferative diabetic retinopathy. By 15 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_retinopathy

The two most common causes of retinopathy include diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity. Diabetic retinopathy ... retinopathy of prematurity, radiation retinopathy, solar retinopathy, sickle cell retinopathy, and anemic retinopathy ( ... Diabetes is the most common cause of retinopathy in the U.S. as of 2008. Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness ... "Valsalva Retinopathy - EyeWiki". eyewiki.aao.org. Retrieved 2022-04-24. "Diabetic retinopathy: Screening". www.uptodate.com. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinopathy

"Diabetic retinopathy - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2019-08-30. "Diabetic Foot". medlineplus.gov. Retrieved ... Diabetic retinopathy. Chronic or prolonged type I and type II diabetes can lead to damage in the blood vessels of the retina ... "Diabetic neuropathy - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2019-08-30. Lim, Andy KH (2014-10-15). "Diabetic nephropathy ... Diabetic nephropathy. Excessive amounts of certain solutes passing through the kidneys for prolonged periods of time can lead ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complication_(medicine)

Diabetic retinopathy Ioannides A, Georgakarakos ND, Elaroud I, Andreou P (2011). "Isolated cotton-wool spots of unknown ... Cotton wool spots have become one of the hallmarks of pre-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, a condition caused by damaged ... Hendrick AM, Gibson MV, Kulshreshtha A (September 2015). "Diabetic Retinopathy". Primary Care. 42 (3): 451-464. doi:10.1016/j. ... most common of which is diabetic retinopathy. The irregularly shaped white patches are a result of ischemia, or reduced blood ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_wool_spots

Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness. Helen Keller International helps prepare health care systems to identify ... "Diabetic Retinopathy". "Millions fed: Proven successes in agricultural development" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on ... access to sight-saving diabetic retinopathy treatment regardless of their ability to pay. This programme aims to reduce ... and treat diabetic retinopathy. In collaboration with Chittagong Eye Infirmary and Training Complex and the Diabetes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Keller_International

"Diabetic Retinopathy". www.visionaustralia.org. Archived from the original on 10 February 2016. Retrieved 3 September 2015. " ... The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Aboriginal Australians can also lead to retinopathy, whereby blood vessels in the eye are ... As well as being genetically predisposition are found commonly in young-onset diabetic patients. Diabetes is not a single gene ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_in_Indigenous_Australians

"Diabetic Retinopathy" (PDF). CDC.gov. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Verseon Nominates VE-4840 as Primary Drug ... In August 2021 the company announced that its oral prophylactic treatments for vision loss related to diabetic retinopathy, a ... This program explores viable alternatives to regular injections into the eyes of diabetic patients. Its three oncology programs ... "Verseon presents oral drug candidate for diabetic eye disease that could replace eye injections". Drug Discovery Today. 2019-05 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verseon

Macular edema is a common complication associated with diabetic retinopathy. See also: Diabetic retinopathy; retina. Maturity- ... Diabetic angiopathy See: Angiopathy. Diabetic coma see coma Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) see acidosis Diabetic myelopathy Spinal ... This is also called "kidney threshold," "spilling point," and "leak point." Retina Retinopathy See also: Diabetic retinopathy. ... Diabetic nephropathy See: Nephropathy Diabetic neuropathy See: Neuropathy Diabetic osteopathy Bone disease secondary to chronic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_diabetes

Retinopathy refers to damage from this process in the retina, the part of the eye that senses light. Diabetic retinopathy is ... which may help to propagate the effects of diabetic retinopathy. Several avenues to epigenetic treatment of diabetic ... LSD1 may play a major role in diabetic retinopathy through the downregulation of Sod2 in retinal vascular tissue, leading to ... It is believed that much of the retinal vascular degeneration characteristic of diabetic retinopathy is due to impaired ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetic_therapy

"Immune complexes in diabetic retinopathy". Lancet. 2 (8098): 1047. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(78)92365-6. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fres_Oquendo

Bloodworth JM Jr: Diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes 1962; 11: 1-22. Engerman R, Bloodworth JM Jr, Nelson S: Relationship of ... In particular, his studies of diabetic retinopathy, in collaboration with ophthalmological colleagues at UWMS, defined the ... Bloodworth JM Jr, Engerman RL, Anderson PJ: Microangiopathy in the experimentally-diabetic animal. Adv Metab Disord 1973; 2 ( ... His experimental studies in dogs showed that meticulous control of glucose metabolism could effectively prevent diabetic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Bloodworth_Jr.

... retinal degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. Arthritis and associated rheumatological degenerative diseases are the focus of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krembil_Research_Institute

The other eleven of these teleophthalmology programs primarily screen for diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients who have ... In 2011, the Health Service Executive announced the development of a diabetic retinopathy screening programme. The Diabetic ... such as diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, macular degeneration, strabismus and adnexal eye diseases. Less ... "The slow birth of Diabetic Retinopathy Screening". 2013-06-28. "Transcript of "Get your next eye exam on a smartphone"". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teleophthalmology

... , the free medical dictionary Brunner, Simon; Binder, Susanne (2013). "Surgery for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sclerotomy

The Centre treats the most complex retinal diseases, including diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, and macular ... Retinal degeneration and diabetic retinopathy; Corneal disease The Centre has the largest ophthalmology residency-training ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_K._Johnson_Eye_Centre

L'Esperance, Francis A; James, William A. (1981). Diabetic Retinopathy: Clinical Evaluation and Management. Mosby. p. 118. ISBN ... Cantani treated his diabetic patients by eliminating carbohydrates and prescribing a meat diet. He believed that stopping ... observed that atrophy and fatty changes were more frequently found in the pancreas of diabetic patients than of non-diabetics. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnaldo_Cantani

Norton, EW; Gutman, F (1965). "Diabetic retinopathy studied by fluorescein angiography". Transactions of the American ... diabetic retinopathy, infectious diseases of the eye, and severe ocular trauma. In 1989, in a successful effort to restore the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bascom_Palmer_Eye_Institute

In January 2018 the results of its pivotal clinical trial for an AI-based autonomous system to detect diabetic retinopathy in ... 2013). "Automated analysis of retinal images for detection of referable diabetic retinopathy". JAMA Ophthalmol. 131 (3): 351- ... "A Breakthrough in Diagnosing Diabetic Retinopathy - JDRF". JDRF. 2018-02-05. Retrieved 2018-03-08. "The Association for ... Lynch, Stephanie K.; Abràmoff, Michael D. (2017). "Diabetic retinopathy is a neurodegenerative disorder". Vision Research. 139 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Abramoff

In 2006, Varma published a paper in the American Journal of Ophthalmology, discussing diabetic retinopathy. Varma's primary ... Varma, Rohit (2014-02-28). "Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in adult Latinos". Ophthalmology. 111 (7): 1298-1306. doi: ... Varma, Rohit (March 2006). "Diabetic Retinopathy: Challenges and Future Directions". American Journal of Ophthalmology. 141 (3 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohit_Varma

Diabetic retinopathy - may damage sight by either a non-proliferative or proliferative retinopathy. The proliferative type is ... Often diabetic retinopathy is treated in early stages with a laser in the physician's office to prevent these problems. When ... which can be seen in patients with diabetic retinopathy), laser treatment can be used. In such cases, the laser is used to seal ... "Vitrectomy surgery of diabetic retinopathy complications". Rom J Ophthalmol. 60 (1): 31-6. PMC 5712917. PMID 27220230. "macular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitrectomy

doi:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1946.tb02148.x. L'Esperance, Francis A; James, William A. (1981). Diabetic Retinopathy: Clinical ... Naunyn proposed a strict low-carbohydrate diet for diabetic patients. He was one of the few German researchers influenced by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernhard_Naunyn

"Cassatt's visual disorders: Cataracts & diabetic retinopathy". Archived from the original on 2007-12-26. Retrieved 2007-12-16. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Landolt

... called proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is the growth of abnormal blood vessels that leak ... "Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) , Landmark Trials". Eyedocs. Retrieved 2019-05-09. Chew EY, Klein ML, Murphy ... Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study report no. 20". Archives of Ophthalmology. 113 (1): 52-5. doi:10.1001/archopht. ... A network of NEI supported researchers, who are a part of the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network completed a two ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Eye_Institute

ISBN 978-3-318-06733-0 L'Esperance, Francis A; James, William A. (1981). Diabetic Retinopathy: Clinical Evaluation and ... In 1797, John Rollo reported on the results of treating two diabetic Army officers with a low-carbohydrate diet and medications ... Arnaldo Cantani isolated his diabetic patients in locked rooms and prescribed them an exclusive animal-based diet. In the early ... Diabetic Medicine (Review). 36 (3): 326-334. doi:10.1111/dme.13845. PMID 30362180. S2CID 53102654. Low‐carbohydrate diets are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-carbohydrate_diet

Diabetic Retinopathy Screening service for Surrey. The service was established in 2007 and now provides diabetic retinopathy ... He is founding member and also the Clinical Director of the Diabetic Retinopathy Screening service for Surrey. Meyer-Bothling ... M J Saldanha and U Meyer-Bothling: Outcome of implementing the national services framework guidelines for diabetic retinopathy ... In 2008 Meyer-Bothling was appointed Clinical Director of the Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Service in Surrey. Meyer-Bothling ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulrich_Meyer-Bothling

Diabetic retinopathy - poor blood sugar control due to diabetes damages the tiny blood vessels in the retina. The auditory ... "NIHSeniorHealth: Diabetic Retinopathy - Causes and Risk Factors". nihseniorhealth.gov. Archived from the original on 2017-01-14 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensory_neuron

Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study report number 1. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study research group". ... The procedure is used mostly to close blood vessels in the eye, in certain kinds of diabetic retinopathy; it is no longer used ... While there is evidence that anti-VEGF drugs is useful for proliferative diabetic retinopathy, laser coagulation across the ... Results of using laser coagulation to treat diabetic retinopathy were first published in 1954. Conventional macular focal and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_coagulation

Ciulla TA, Amador AG, Zinman B (September 2003). "Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema: pathophysiology, screening, ... Hemangiopericytoma Mesoangioblast Diabetic retinopathy caused by death of pericytes List of human cell types derived from the ... Similar to the inhibition of the PDGF pathway, angiopoietin 2 reduces levels of pericytes, leading to diabetic retinopathy. ... This causes endothelial hyperplasia, abnormal junctions, and diabetic retinopathy. A lack of pericytes also causes an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pericyte

This may occur in: a) The vitreomacular traction syndrome; b) Proliferative diabetic retinopathy with vitreoretinal traction; c ... Faulborn, J; Ardjomand, N (January 2000). "Tractional retinoschisis in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a histopathological ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinoschisis

RPE are also involved in diabetic retinopathy. Gardner syndrome is characterized by FAP (familial adenomatous polyps), osseous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinal_pigment_epithelium

It is also indicated for diabetic retinopathy (both treatment and prevention in people with type-2 diabetes). Chemically, it is ... For diabetic retinopaty, 2 tablets are taken three times a day. If the initial treatment was successful, it can be reduced to 1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iprazochrome

... and diabetic retinopathy. At Genentech, he discovered VEGF-and made the first anti-VEGF antibody-which suppresses growth of a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleone_Ferrara

... for IT infrastructure Diabetic retinopathy, a disease of the retina as a complication of diabetes mellitus This disambiguation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DRP

... proliferative diabetic retinopathy. In 1971, Lubow and Makley first described the disorder as pseudopapilldema in a patient ... Prevalence of diabetic papillopathy in diabetic patients is 1.4%. It occurs typically before the age of 30 in patients with ... Diabetic papillopathy is a self-limiting disease that may affect both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. Unilateral or ... Diabetic papillopathy (also known as diabetic papillitis) is an ocular complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by optic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_papillopathy

Another example is automated screening tools used for the detection of diabetic retinopathy as well as molecular diagnosis of ... 2002). Classification and localisation of diabetic-related eye disease. Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer ... 2002). Classification and localisation of diabetic-related eye disease. Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_normalization

Cataract surgery Cornea and External Eye Disease Diabetic retinopathy Diagnostic procedures including Fundus Flourescien ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layton_Rahmatullah_Benevolent_Trust

H35.0) Hypertensive retinopathy - burst blood vessels, due to long-term high blood pressure (H35.0/E10-E14) Diabetic ... Diabetic retinopathy (H40.1) Primary open-angle glaucoma (H40.2) Primary angle-closure glaucoma (H40.3) Primary Normal tension ... Retinopathy - general term referring to non-inflammatory damage to the retina (H35.1) Retinopathy of prematurity - scarring and ... exudative retinopathy (H35.0) (H30.2) Posterior cyclitis Pars planitis (H30.8) Other chorioretinal inflammations Harada's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_disease

... such as severe diabetic retinopathy and central retinal vein occlusion (neovascular glaucoma); ocular trauma (angle-recession ... and is often caused by proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) or central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). It may also be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaucoma

In people with heart problems, it can cause damage to the retina of the eye (retinopathy). Other, less common side effects ... As a result of an increase in prescriptions for weight loss in non-diabetic patients, a shortage of semaglutide/Ozempic was ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semaglutide

PolyPhotonix has developed a light therapy mask that will treat Diabetic Retinopathy. They are also developing photonics based ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printable_Electronics_Technology_Centre

... as well as macular edema from diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and central retinal vein occlusion. Buprenorphine has been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_drugs_known_for_off-label_use

... diabetic retinopathy, inflammatory intraocular conditions, and intraocular tumors. It is also being used increasingly during ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescein

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in TMEM217 have been linked to Alzheimer's disease and diabetic retinopathy. TMEM217 was also ... with Diabetic Retinopathy". Ophthalmologica. 229 (1): 54-60. doi:10.1159/000342616. PMID 23037145. S2CID 20024729. Sumoza- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmembrane_protein_217

... funding research on eye diseases with an emphasis on the causes and treatment of Macular degeneration and Diabetic retinopathy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston_Callahan

The anti-diabetic drug metformin is reported to inhibit the process that causes the inflammation in uveitis. In the case of ... multiple evanescent white dot syndrome punctate inner choroiditis serpiginous choroiditis acute zonal occult outer retinopathy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uveitis

There is preliminary evidence that light therapy is an effective treatment for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular oedema ... Arden, G. B.; Sivaprasad, S. (2012-02-03). "The pathogenesis of early retinal changes of diabetic retinopathy". Documenta ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_therapy

It was initially indicated for diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in Australia. The ... Fenofibrate may slow the progression of diabetic retinopathy and the need for invasive treatment such as laser therapy in ... Further studies looking at the role of fenofibrate in the progression of diabetic retinopathy as the primary outcome is ... December 2014). "The effects of medical management on the progression of diabetic retinopathy in persons with type 2 diabetes: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenofibrate

Selvarajah, D.; Kar, D.; Khunti, K.; Davies, M. J.; Scott, A. R.; Walker, J.; & Tesfaye, S. (2019). "Diabetic peripheral ... but has been statistically associated with retinopathy and nephropathy, and leads to considerable morbidity and mortality. The ... COMPASS 31 questionnaire and electrochemical skin conductance for diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy and diabetic ... diabetic neuropathy and autonomic neuropathy. Sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) is the most common type of polyneuropathy in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemical_skin_conductance

Associated with the advanced stages of diabetic retinopathy, but the exact pathogenesis is unknown. The condition is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchysis_scintillans

"Automatic Diagnosis of Different Grades of Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema Using 2-D-FBSE-FAWT". IEEE ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier–Bessel_series

... any type of retinopathy (including diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, sickle cell retinopathy, anemic retinopathy ... Diabetic Eye Disease Carraro, Maria Cristina; Rossetti, Luca; Gerli, Gian Carla (October 2001). "Prevalence of retinopathy in ... retinopathy, hypervitaminosis A, migraine, sjögren's syndrome, floater, macular degeneration, and can be a sign of stroke or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blurred_vision

... diabetic macular edema, diabetic retinopathy, and myopic choroidal neovascularization. In the European Union, ranibizumab is ... visual impairment due to diabetic macular edema, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, visual impairment due to macular edema ... diabetic retinopathy, and macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion or central retinal vein occlusion. Ranibizumab was ... and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The applicant for this medicinal product is Midas Pharma GmbH. Ranivisio was approved ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranibizumab

... end of the aldose reductase gene is associated with early-onset diabetic retinopathy in NIDDM patients". Diabetes. 44 (7): 727- ... "The Relationship Between Aldose Reductase C106T Polymorphism and Diabetic Retinopathy: An Updated Meta-Analysis". Investigative ... "Updates on Aldose Reductase Inhibitors for Management of Diabetic Complications and Non-diabetic Diseases". Mini Reviews in ... Under diabetic conditions AR converts glucose into sorbitol, which is then converted to fructose. 20466987 It has been found to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AKR1B1

In addition it can decline with age and also due to other factors such as cataracts and diabetic retinopathy. Visual acuity is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrast_(vision)

"Quantitative analysis of proteins in the tear fluid of patients with diabetic retinopathy". J Proteomics. 75 (7): 2196-204. doi ... immunoglobulin lambda chain and lactotransferrin in tears of patients with diabetic retinopathy. The analysis did not ... iTRAQ analysis of tears from diabetics at different stages of disease detected relatively more lacritin, lysozyme, lipophilin A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacritin

... diabetic nephropathy Class R: proliferative retinopathy Class RF: retinopathy and nephropathy Class H: ischemic heart disease ... Therefore, experts advise diabetics to maintain blood sugar level close to normal range about 3 months before planning for ... Ornoy A, Ratzon N, Greenbaum C, Wolf A, Dulitzky M (2001). "School-age children born to diabetic mothers and to mothers with ... DeBoer T, Wewerka S, Bauer PJ, Georgieff MK, Nelson CA (August 2005). "Explicit memory performance in infants of diabetic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_and_pregnancy

Another study has indicated that sleeping with the light on may protect the eyes of diabetics from retinopathy, a condition ... "Light at Night Protects Diabetics' Eyes". WebMD. June 27, 2002. Retrieved March 23, 2009. Rettner, Rachel (17 November 2010). " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nightlight

... and diabetic retinopathy (DR).[citation needed] Over time, it is common for the vitreous within the human eye to liquify and ... It may also be associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), retinal vein occlusion, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitreomacular_adhesion

What do the latest treatment guidelines say about managing diabetic retinopathy? Are there any new drug therapies on the market ... Diabetic Retinopathy - Latin America. Ecuador. 2011. Spanish. [18]. Kalvodová. Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy in the Czech ... Treatment of Diabetic Maculopathy. Germany. 2011. German. [15]. Polak et al.. Revised Guideline for Diabetic Retinopathy: ... Diabetic Retinopathy and Macular Oedema. Spain. 2009. Spanish. [9]. Norway College of General Practitioners. Diabetic ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/775150

Diabetes causes an excessive amount of glucose to remain in the blood stream which may cause damage to the blood vessels. Within the eye the damaged vessels may leak blood and fluid into the surrounding

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/17150.htm

... it also provided significant reductions in diabetic retinopathy progression, improving the retinopathy scale in many patients ... About one quarter of people with diabetes who are 40 years and older have diabetic retinopathy. One third of people who have ... "The lower the level of diabetic retinopathy, the less likely you are to have DME. Its disease-altering, but whether the change ... The primary outcome was a gain from baseline of at least 15 ETDRS (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study) letters in best- ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/774552

... diabetic retinopathy - Featured Topics from the National Center for Health Statistics ... Tags 2012-2013 National Health Interview Survey, diabetes diagnosis, diabetic retinopathy, eye examination, ophthalmologist ... The effectiveness of treatment is well established, warranting screening for diabetic retinopathy and Read More , ...

https://blogs.cdc.gov/nchs/tag/diabetic-retinopathy/

Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness in American adults. ... Can diabetic retinopathy be prevented? Although it can be challenging to prevent diabetic retinopathy, there are steps you can ... What is diabetic retinopathy?. Diabetic retinopathy is a condition that occurs when diabetes affects the blood vessels and ... What causes diabetic retinopathy? Diabetic retinopathy is caused by changes in the blood vessels of the retina, the light- ...

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/diabetes/diabetic-retinopathy

Strengthening diagnosis and treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy in SEA Region World Health Organization. Regional Office for ... Diabetic retinopathy screening: a short guide: increase effectiveness, maximize benefits and minimize harm ... In 2004, a programme for early detection of diabetic retinopathy was introduced within the comprehensive plan for diabetes in ... Contrast sensitivity is proposed as a potential screening tool for the early detection of diabetic retinopathy. A cross- ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Diabetic+Retinopathy&type=mesh

There are 35 million diabetics in the U.S. and over 420 million worldwide who are at risk of developing diabetic retinopathy ... Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness in American adults and the number of individuals suffering from the ... AI-based solutions like the one for diabetic retinopathy screening from AEYE Health promise to both improve the practice and ... "This is a huge step in revolutionizing diagnostic screening for diabetic retinopathy. AEYEs technology delivers the first ...

https://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2022/11/15/ai-for-diabetic-retinopathy-screening-gets-us-fda-approval/?sh=9dac0b57d831

Diabetic retinopathy is related to prolonged high blood sugar, which damages ... Retinopathy means disease of the retina, the nerve layer at the back of your eye. ... Retinopathy means disease of the retina, the nerve layer at the back of your eye. Diabetic retinopathy is related to prolonged ... Diabetic retinopathy usually gets worse over many years. People who have diabetes need regular eye examinations so that this ...

https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/diabetic-retinopathy

... A complication of diabetes mellitis is diabetic retinopathy (DR). Diabetic retinopathy ... The number and severity of affected vessels determines the grade or retinopathy. There are basically 2 forms, non proliferative ...

https://www.optos.com/recognizing-pathology/case-studies/proliferative-diabetic-retinopathy/

Regular eye exams can prevent or delay the damage of diabetic retinopathy. ... Diabetic retinopathy can lead to vision changes or blindness. ... "diabetic retinopathy". Diabetic retinopathy can lead to vision ... All people with diabetes (both type 1 and type 2) are at risk for diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy develops over time ... Diabetic retinopathy can worsen in pregnancy, so if you have diabetes you should have a diabetic eye exam before getting ...

https://www.diabetes.ca/managing-my-diabetes/preventing-complications/eye-damage

Introduction Diabetic retinopathy is a disease of the light-sensitive membrane at the back of the eye (retina). It is a ... Diabetic Retinopathy Research Paper. Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of adult vision loss world-wide that offers a ... Diabetic Retinopathy Essay. INTRODUCTION Diabetic retinopathy is a disease caused by complications of diabetes, which can ... Diabetic Retinopathy Research Paper. Diabetic Retinopathy Alexandra "Alex" Erlewine, SMA Alaska Career College Etiology: By ...

https://www.bartleby.com/essay/Research-Paper-On-Diabetic-Retinopathy-PJYJQN2AZBV

The Diabetic Retinopathy Management webcast will provide an overview of the epidemic and identify how to manage diabetic ... The Diabetic Retinopathy educational series provides an overview, recommendations for management, and the valuable perspectives ... The AAFP has reviewed Diabetic Retinopathy: A quality educational intervention/process improvement designed to enhance timely ... and skill for primary care physicians and endocrinologists to conduct timely and effective screening for diabetic retinopathy. ...

https://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/online/webcasts/diabetic-retinopathy/webcast/dr-management/default.asp

... Ophthalmology. 2012 May;119(5):1033-40. doi ... and to assess the feasibility of using the Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness framework to estimate diabetic retinopathy ( ... Agreement with the reference standard was good for any retinopathy and STDR for the clinical examination (κ = 0.80 and 0.79, ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22342012/?dopt=Abstract

Symptoms of diabetic retinopathy can include changes in vision, such as blurred vision, difficulty seeing far away, and trouble ... Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR): This is the most advanced stage of retinopathy. New blood vessels grow along the ... Diabetic Retinopathy: Symptoms, Stages, and Complications By Barbie Cervoni MS, RD, CDCES, CDN ... of people with diabetes who are over the age of 45 have vision loss related to diabetic retinopathy. Globally, diabetic ...

https://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetic-retinopathy-symptoms-and-stages-5120809

encoded search term (Diabetic Retinopathy) and Diabetic Retinopathy What to Read Next on Medscape ... Diabetic Retinopathy. Browning DJ. Epidemiology of Diabetic Retinopathy. Springer, New York.: 2010. ... Baker CW, Jiang Y, Stone T. Recent advancements in diabetic retinopathy treatment from the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical ... Approval for treatment of diabetic retinopathy without DME followed an evaluation of the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1225122-treatment

D deficiency and diabetic retinopathy suggests that people who low vitamin D levels should be screened for diabetic retinopathy ... The role of vitamin D in the origin and development of diabetic retinopathy is still an area of debate, says one of the ... If you have a low level of vitamin D, taking this inexpensive supplement may help you prevent diabetic retinopathy, one of the ... "The Relationship Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Diabetic Retinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." The Canadian ...

http://www.mendosa.com/blog/?p=3896

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes and the leading cause of blindness among US working-age adults. ... and diabetic without clinical retinopathy (NDR; ,i,N,/i, = 17) subjects was performed using ordinary least ... "The wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy: III-prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at ... L. Wu, P. Fernandez-Loaiza, J. Sauma, E. Hernandez-Bogantes, and M. Masis, "Classification of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/joph/2019/5171965/

... As part of Diabetic Retina Screen (The National Diabetic Retinopathy Screening programme), in ... proliferative diabetic retinopathy).. Both diabetic macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy can be treated and ... What is diabetic retinopathy?. To understand diabetic retinopathy it helps to know a little bit about how your eye works. The ... How is diabetic retinopathy detected?. Regular eye screening is the best way to detect diabetic retinopathy before you notice ...

https://www.diabetes.ie/care-centre/cork-care-centre/diabetic-retinopathy-service/

The research is published in the journal Diabetic Medicine.. Diabetic retinopathy is caused by high blood sugar levels damaging ... Study identifies barriers - and enablers - of diabetic retinopathy screening. The study findings could be used to design ... A new study, conducted as part of a NIHR-funded project on diabetic retinopathy screening, has identified important barriers, ... "Our new study has identified a number of common barriers, and also enablers, that affect screening for diabetic retinopathy. ...

https://www.city.ac.uk/news-and-events/news/2018/07/study-identifies-barriers-and-enablers-of-diabetic-retinopathy-screening

Floaters - Diabetic retinopathy can stimulate the growth of scar tissue, which can pull the retina away from the back of the ... Diabetic retinopathy can occur without symptoms in the early stages. *Fluctuating vision - can occur due to fluctuating blood ... There are treatments that can minimise vision loss due to diabetic retinopathy. These include laser, injections and surgical ... Simulation image of how diabetic retinopathy affects vision, with dark spots covering most of the image ...

https://www.visionaustralia.org/carols/services/eye-conditions/diabetic-retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a retinal vascular disease and is one of the most common causes of blindness worldwide. ... Diabetic retinopathy, New vessels, Image processing, Matched filter Abstract. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a retinal vascular ... Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is the most advanced stage of the disease and poses a high risk of severe visual ... Differing Matched Filter Responsivity for the Detection of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Roshan A. Welikala, Vikas Tah, ...

https://www.actapress.com/Abstract.aspx?paperId=455026

What is Diabetic Retinopathy?. by Russ Lazarus June 1, 2020 Diabetic retinopathy is a serious sight-threatening complication of ... How Is Diabetic Retinopathy Treated?. by Russ Lazarus September 21, 2020 Without proper treatment, diabetic retinopathy can ... Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of vision loss among people with diabetes. If you have been diagnosed with diabetes, ... Diabetic retinopathy occurs in four stages and can progress rapidly if not treated and monitored properly. Treatment of this ...

https://www.optometrists.org/tag/diabetic-retinopathy/

... Diabetic retinopathy happens when diabetes harms blood vessels in the back of the ... Women who are pregnant and have type 1 or type 2 diabetes have a higher risk for retinopathy. Women with diabetes should have ... Depending on how severe the retinopathy is, they should be checked every trimester. And for 1 year after the baby is born. ... Women who get diabetes during pregnancy (gestational diabetes) are not at risk for having retinopathy at that time. ...

https://baycare.org/health-library/diabetic-retinopathy-evaluating-your-eyes

As a physician, Medical Adviser and Author Dr Ray Schilling has created Net Health Book for your benefit. Please also visit Dr. Rays Blog at AskDrRay.com. All books are posted on Amazon.com ...

https://nethealthbook.com/eye-diseases-and-eye-related-topics/diabetic-retinopathy/shutterstock_90457306/

They have been used since 2006 to treat Age-related Macular Degeneration and are now being applied to Diabetic Retinopathy. ... I had soft laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy. At this time, I went on a very low carb diet and started taking pycnogenol ... This forms the basis for Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), one of the greatest causes of blindness in the developed world. It is ... I did this as pycnogenol is used in Europe for retinopathy. One and a half years later I went to see the eye doc and he ...

https://asweetlife.org/the-da-vinci-trial/

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading cause of blindness among working-age individuals in developed countries has been ... Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading cause of blindness among working-age individuals in developed countries has been ... EUROCONDOR (European Consortium for the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy) is a solid and well balanced consortium ( ...

https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/102516/en

... diabetic retinopathy has been recognized as a vascular disease. Recent clinical evidence suggests the initiation of diabetic ... Progressively Decreased HCN1 Channels Results in Cone Morphological Defects in Diabetic Retinopathy. Ruyi Han, Mengmeng Jin, ... Here, we reported progressive diabetic retinopathy defects in blood glucose levels, shortening of cone segments and uncoupled ... Thus, our study provided a vertebrate retina model representing progressive diabetic retinopathy defects and further gained new ...

https://www.jneurosci.org/content/42/43/8200?rss=1

Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to diabetic retinopathy. Learn how to control your diabetes and minimise the risk to your ... Top: Diabetic Retinopathy ©2006-2017 Carol Ann Bentley All Rights Reserved. This is an informational site only. Please check ... It is absolutely vital that you get an eye check done every year and crucial your optician does a full diabetic check, ... The good news is most diabetics do not have serious trouble with their eyesight - although they are more at risk than someone ...

http://www.your-diabetes.com/diabetic-retinopathy.html

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an important cause of avoidable blindness worldwide. (medscape.com)
Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness in American adults and the most common eye disease in people with diabetes. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Diabetic retinopathy can lead to vision changes or blindness. (diabetes.ca)
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in patients ranging from age 20 to age 74. (bartleby.com)
INTRODUCTION Diabetic retinopathy is a disease caused by complications of diabetes, which can eventually results to blindness. (bartleby.com)
To estimate the prevalence and causes of blindness in Chiapas, Mexico, and to assess the feasibility of using the Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness framework to estimate diabetic retinopathy (DR) prevalence. (nih.gov)
Vision loss and blindness typically occur when less severe forms of retinopathy are not treated and a person has had uncontrolled blood sugars for a very long time. (verywellhealth.com)
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes and the leading cause of blindness among US working-age adults. (hindawi.com)
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a retinal vascular disease and is one of the most common causes of blindness worldwide. (actapress.com)
Without proper treatment, diabetic retinopathy can lead to vision loss and even blindness. (optometrists.org)
Diabetic retinopathy is a serious sight-threatening complication of diabetes that can lead to blindness. (optometrists.org)
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading cause of blindness among working-age individuals in developed countries has been classically considered to be a microcirculatory disease of the retina. (europa.eu)
  Nonproliferative Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of blindness in adults between the ages of 20 and 64. (logicalimages.com)
Diabetic Retinopathy not caught at all will result in blindness. (medicaldevicedepot.com)
2 The significance of this is that the longer people live with diabetes, the more likely they are to develop complications such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular disease where hyperglycemia facilitates damage to the retina and can result in vision loss and blindness, DR is the leading cause of this in working-age adults living in developed nations. (dovepress.com)
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading cause for blindness, affecting over 93 million people across the world. (mathworks.com)
Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication of diabetes and a leading cause of blindness among the working-age population. (medicalxpress.com)
Diabetic Retinopathy is an eye condition that leads to vision loss and blindness in people who have diabetes. (delveinsight.com)
Diabetic retinopathy doesn't usually cause symptoms at first, but over time it can lead to irreversible eye damage, including vision loss and blindness. (americasbest.com)
Diabetic Retinopathy is a major cause of vision loss and blindness affecting millions of people across the globe. (techscience.com)
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a type of visual impairment and blindness-producing complications of diabetes mellitus occurring among working-aged adults around the world[ 1 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
A regional workshop on planning for the control and prevention of blindness due to diabetic retinopathy was organized by the WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, in collaboration with IMPACT/EMR and the International Agency for Prevention of Blindness. (who.int)
Diabetic retinopathy may initially cause no symptoms or only minor visual disturbances, but it may cause blindness in the long term. (apollospectra.com)
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is an advanced complication of diabetic retinopathy that can cause blindness . (bvsalud.org)
Another area of focus is diabetic retinopathy, which is also a major cause of blindness in Vietnam. (europeaneyecenter.com)
The leading causes of chronic blindness include cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, corneal opacities, diabetic retinopathy, trachoma, and eye conditions in children (e.g. caused by vitamin A deficiency). (who.int)

This is why it is ESSENTIAL when you have diabetes to go for regular eye screenings (Regular Diabetic Retinal Screening) to detect earlier signs of diabetic retinopathy when there are no changes in vision yet. (eyewisevision.com.sg)
If your optometrist spots any signs of diabetic retinopathy, they'll typically send a report to your doctor. (americasbest.com)
2. What are the noticeable signs of diabetic retinopathy? (americasbest.com)
During the eye exam, your eye doctor will be looking at your retina for early signs of diabetic retinopathy. (theeyeassociates.com)
At Acuity Vision Optometry Boutique , we use 2 imaging technologies to closely evaluate your eyes' health and pinpoint signs of diabetic retinopathy. (acuityvision.com)
Regular diabetic-related eye exams will enable your eye doctor to monitor your condition and ensure that any signs of diabetic retinopathy are detected and acted upon immediately. (luxeoptometry.com)
The information that your eye doctor will obtain from your examination will be able to tell them if you are experiencing any of the signs of diabetic retinopathy. (luxeoptometry.com)

In addition to the diabetic retinopathy indication, Eylea is approved to treat neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration, macular edema following retinal vein occlusion, and diabetic macular edema. (empr.com)
Eyenuk is on a mission to screen every eye in the world to ensure timely diagnosis of life- and vision-threatening diseases, including diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, stroke risk, cardiovascular risk and Alzheimer's disease. (asiaone.com)
It can be stressful managing an eye condition such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, cataracts or macular degeneration . (glaucoma-now.com)
Here are the most important steps you can take to reduce your risk of low vision from macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, cataracts, and glaucoma. (hyperoptics.net)
Dr. Harris is recognized as a world leader for his extensive research in ocular blood flow and imaging in glaucoma and other eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. (iu.edu)
Patients with diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration have the most guarded prognoses. (medscape.com)

It is absolutely vital that you get an eye check done every year and crucial your optician does a full diabetic check , including testing for Glaucoma. (your-diabetes.com)
Additionally, diabetics are also more highly susceptible to cataracts and glaucoma . (eyewisevision.com.sg)
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between characteristics of eye care practices and satisfaction with eye care among working age patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) or diabetic retinopathy (DR). SUBJECTS/STUDY SETTING: A total of 913 working age patients with OAG or DR enrolled in six commercial managed care health plans. (rand.org)
Diabetic eye diseases affect people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and include diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, glaucoma, and cataracts. (2020eyeq.com)

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes. (medscape.com)
A complication of diabetes mellitis is diabetic retinopathy (DR). Diabetic retinopathy presents by affecting small blood vessels in the eye due to blockage or leakage. (optos.com)
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes and the leading cause of vision loss among working-age adults in the developed world [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus that causes lesions on the retina that affect vision. (techscience.com)
The most common complication of diabetes is diabetic retinopathy, and the longer you have diabetes, the more likely it is that you'll develop diabetic retinopathy. (theeyeassociates.com)

Nonproliferative retinopathy is the early stage of the disease in which blood vessels swell and leak. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The approval of Eylea, a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, was based on data from the PANORAMA study which included 402 patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. (empr.com)
In this more common form - called nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) - new blood vessels aren't growing (proliferating). (middlesexhealth.org)
Early-stage: You may not need immediate treatment if you have mild to moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. (apollospectra.com)
Once nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) is detected, examination should be conducted at least annually for mild NPDR, or more frequently (at 3- to 6-month intervals), for moderate or severe NPDR based on the DR severity level. (medscape.com)
Cystoid macular edema due to nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy is shown in the image below. (medscape.com)
Fundus photograph of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy with clinically significant macular edema and cystoid macular edema. (medscape.com)

One third of people who have had diabetes for more than 20 years develop diabetic macular edema (DME). (medscape.com)
The longer you have diabetes, the more likely you are to develop diabetic retinopathy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Could I develop diabetic retinopathy? (diabetes.ie)
Anyone with diabetes can develop diabetic retinopathy. (diabetes.ie)
Nearly 99% of type 1 diabetics and 60% of type 2 diabetics develop diabetic retinopathy after 20 years of the diagnosis. (logicalimages.com)
Anyone who has diabetes can develop diabetic retinopathy. (middlesexhealth.org)
Most patients develop diabetic changes in the retina after approximately 20 years. (eye.com.ph)

Diabetic retinopathy is a condition that occurs when diabetes affects the blood vessels and nerve tissue in the retina. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Proliferative retinopathy is the advanced stage where abnormal new blood vessels grow on the surface of the retina. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Diabetic retinopathy is caused by changes in the blood vessels of the retina, the light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the inner eye. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
In some people with diabetic retinopathy, the blood vessels in the retina may swell and leak fluid. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
People with advanced retinopathy have a good chance of keeping their vision if they are treated before the retina becomes severely damaged. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Retinopathy means disease of the retina, the nerve layer at the back of your eye. (healthlinkbc.ca)
Diabetic retinopathy is a disease of the light-sensitive membrane at the back of the eye (retina). (bartleby.com)
Diabetic retinopathy is caused by high blood sugar levels damaging the small blood vessels at the back of the eye (retina). (city.ac.uk)
As part of Diabetic Retina Screen (The National Diabetic Retinopathy Screening programme), in partnership with NEC Care, our Diabetes Care Centre is a venue where members of the local diabetes community will attend for their eye screen. (diabetes.ie)
Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) - this is where leaky blood vessels affect the important central part of the retina called the macula (the part of the eye responsible for detailed central vision). (diabetes.ie)
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy - this is where fragile new blood vessels form gradually on the surface of the retina over time. (diabetes.ie)
they can cause the retina to make new blood vessels which are very fragile (proliferative diabetic retinopathy). (diabetes.ie)
with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, fragile new blood vessels on the retina cause bleeding in the eye. (diabetes.ie)
Thus, our study provided a vertebrate retina model representing progressive diabetic retinopathy defects and further gained new mechanistic insights into the cone morphologic defects as an early neuropathy in diabetic retinopathy. (jneurosci.org)
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We create a vertebrate retina model representing the progressive diabetic retinopathy-associated defects using zebrafish. (jneurosci.org)
Diabetic retinopathy happens as a result of prolonged elevated sugar levels in the blood, the delicate blood vessels in the retina become fragile and start to leak fluid and proteins into the retinal tissue. (eyewisevision.com.sg)
Diabetic eye screenings and general eye screenings are similar in a lot of ways, but the big difference is that diabetic eye check-ups focus more on the condition of your retina and how the blood vessels are in your eyes. (eyewisevision.com.sg)
In addition, the numbers of diabetics are rising, along with its most common complication, diabetic retinopathy (DR). To effectively treat DR within the elderly population, it is essential first to consider the retinal changes that occur due to aging, such as decreased blood flow, retinal thinning, and microglial changes, and understand that these changes can render the retina more vulnerable to oxidative and ischemic damage. (dovepress.com)
A new study in the American Journal of Pathology reports that visual function in diabetic mice was significantly improved after treatment with a single dose of visual chromophore 9-cis-retinal, a vitamin A analog that can form a visual pigment in the retina cells, thereby producing a light sensitive element of the retina. (medicalxpress.com)
Traditionally, diabetic retinopathy was considered a disease caused by the pathology of blood vessels in the retina, whereby light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye (fundus) becomes damaged. (medicalxpress.com)
In conjunction with Illinois Retina Associates, our Foundation has expanded vision services to include a Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Program. (lionsofillinoisfoundation.org)
Mehta diagnosed diabetic retinopathy - hemorrhaging of the blood vessels in the retina - and performed successful surgery. (ucihealth.org)
DR occurs due to the damage of tiny blood vessels in the retina due to chronic diabetics. (techscience.com)
In the early stages of diabetic retinopathy, the walls of the blood vessels in your retina weaken. (middlesexhealth.org)
Diabetic retinopathy involves the growth of abnormal blood vessels in the retina. (middlesexhealth.org)
Diabetic Retinopathy, a condition occurring in persons with diabetes, causes progressive damage to the retina, the light sensitive lining at the back of your eye. (bettervision.net)
Diabetic Retinopathy is a disease of the retina caused by damage to the blood vessels supplying oxygen to it as a result of diabetic mellitus. (krishnaeyecentre.com)
Diabetic retinopathy affects the tiny blood vessels in the eyes that supply blood to the retina. (acuityvision.com)
Diabetic retinopathy causes the blood vessels in your retina to swell and leak and may also be responsible for the formation of new, abnormal blood vessels. (2020eyeq.com)
The device perfoms diagnosis by taking a picture of the eye to identify the retinopathies of malaria in the retina of the patient. (who.int)

The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS), which involved newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, revealed that the risk of retinopathy was reduced through both improved glycemic control and improved blood pressure control. (medscape.com)
[ 34 ] The ADA recommends that all patients with diabetes (type 2 and type 1) strive to maintain glycated hemoglobin levels of less than 7% (reflecting long-term glucose levels) to prevent or at least minimize the long-term complications of diabetes mellitus, including retinopathy. (medscape.com)
The Early Treatment for Diabetic Retinopathy Study found that 650 mg of aspirin daily did not offer any benefit in preventing the progression of diabetes mellitus retinopathy. (medscape.com)
IMSEAR at SEARO: Diabetic Retinopathy and Homocysteine in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. (who.int)
Background: Diabetic retinopathy is the commonest complication that occurs from the very beginning in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). (who.int)

It is estimated that more than half of people with diabetes will develop some form of diabetic retinopathy over time. (verywellhealth.com)
It has been estimated that globally approximately 93 million individuals may have some form of diabetic retinopathy, with 28 million suffering from the sight-threatening end points of the disease. (city.ac.uk)
An estimated 30 million Americans have diabetes, and approximately 25 to 45 percent of them will develop some form of diabetic eye damage. (optometrists.org)
And 655,000 have a form of diabetic retinopathy that threatens their vision. (americasbest.com)
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common form of diabetic eye disease [ 1 ]. (techscience.com)
It is also known as the advanced form of diabetic retinopathy. (apollospectra.com)

However, within 20 years of diagnosis, nearly all patients with type 1 diabetes and more than 60 per cent of patients with type 2 have retinopathy. (city.ac.uk)
Tuesday I met Dr. Mehta and received his official diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. (ucihealth.org)
For individuals with type 1 diabetes diagnosed after puberty, screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR) should be initiated 5 years after the diagnosis of diabetes. (medscape.com)

Since these were secondary analyses, we did not recommend using ranibizumab to specifically and primarily treat diabetic retinopathy severity at that time," Dr. Ip said. (medscape.com)
Many of the same treatments used to treat diabetic retinopathy are also helpful for macular edema. (2020eyeq.com)

[ 2-4 ] Presently, 70% of diabetes occurs in lower and middle-income countries, where systematic screening for retinopathy is rare. (medscape.com)
Diabetic Retinopathy: Early Management and Screening. (medscape.com)
AI-based retinal imaging and diagnostics startup AEYE Health announced today it received clearance from the FDA to market its diagnostic screening system for diabetic retinopathy. (forbes.com)
There are 35 million diabetics in the U.S. and over 420 million worldwide who are at risk of developing diabetic retinopathy requiring an annual screening. (forbes.com)
This is a huge step in revolutionizing diagnostic screening for diabetic retinopathy. (forbes.com)
Increase the level of knowledge and skill for primary care physicians and endocrinologists to conduct timely and effective screening for diabetic retinopathy. (clevelandclinicmeded.com)
The AAFP has reviewed Diabetic Retinopathy: A quality educational intervention/process improvement designed to enhance timely screening and promote appropriate coordination and deemed it acceptable for up to 3.00 Enduring Materials, Self-Study AAFP Prescribed credit. (clevelandclinicmeded.com)
Contrast sensitivity is proposed as a potential screening tool for the early detection of diabetic retinopathy. (who.int)
This guide is designed for policy-makers, public health leaders and senior clinicians involved in planning, designing and implementing diabetic retinopathy screening programmes in the WHO European Region. (who.int)
Nevertheless, the confirmed presence of retinal vascular abnormalities in subclinical DR provides a rationale for developing image analysis techniques for automated subclinical DR detection which can be a potentially useful screening tool for the already large and rapidly growing diabetic population. (hindawi.com)
A new study, conducted as part of a NIHR-funded project on diabetic retinopathy screening, has identified important barriers, and enablers, associated with screening attendance. (city.ac.uk)
The findings are important, as despite evidence supporting the effectiveness of diabetic retinopathy screening (DRS) in reducing the risk of sight loss, attendance for screening is still consistently below recommended levels. (city.ac.uk)
Screening for diabetic retinopathy to detect and treat early signs can prevent sight loss, but the success of these interventions is dependent on early detection and timely referral for treatment. (city.ac.uk)
A recent output from the same project showed that interventions that specifically targeting patients, healthcare professionals or the health system resulted in a 12 per cent overall increase in retinopathy screening attendance compared to usual care and that they also were good value for money . (city.ac.uk)
Our new study has identified a number of common barriers, and also enablers, that affect screening for diabetic retinopathy. (city.ac.uk)
Combined with other findings from our recent NIHR project, which found that interventions aimed at patients, healthcare professionals and healthcare system were effective at improving overall screening attendance by 12 per cent, we hope that this will lead to policy changes which will ultimately help patients avoid diabetic retinopathy, and prevent what is globally the leading cause of vision loss amongst working-age adults in the Western word. (city.ac.uk)
Regular eye screening is the best way to detect diabetic retinopathy before you notice any changes in your sight. (diabetes.ie)
Diabetic retinopathy screening made simple and affordable for primary care. (medicaldevicedepot.com)
Simple, affordable and effective now you can easily and accurately screen for diabetic retinopathy as part of a patient s routine visit or a pre-scheduled screening day with automated non-mydriatic camera technology linked to board-certified retinal specialists via our secure HIPAA-compliant RetinaVue Network. (medicaldevicedepot.com)
EyeWise Vision Clinic provides comprehensive diabetic retinal screening in Singapore, so we can assess your condition and help you with diabetic eye management. (eyewisevision.com.sg)
Make sure to get your eyes checked by undergoing regular diabetic eye and retinal screening. (eyewisevision.com.sg)
Who should go for diabetic eye screening? (eyewisevision.com.sg)
What is the difference between a diabetic eye screening test and a regular eye exam? (eyewisevision.com.sg)
The EyeArt AI System provides fully automated DR screening, including retinal imaging, DR detection based on international clinical standards and immediate reporting, in a single office visit during a diabetic patient's regular exam. (asiaone.com)
We prospectively studied 179 type 2 diabetic patients referred for screening at a tertiary Nigerian medical centre. (bvsalud.org)
Screening for diabetic retinopathy by optometrists : effectiveness and cost-effectiveness / James Mason, Michael Drummond. (who.int)
Subsequent screening for DR in individuals depends on the level of retinopathy. (medscape.com)
In those who do not show evidence of retinopathy, screening should occur every year in those with type 1 diabetes and every 1-2 years in those with type 2 diabetes depending on anticipated compliance. (medscape.com)
Diabetic eye screening is non-invasive. (luxeoptometry.com)
Verma L, Prakash G, Tewari HK, Gupta SK, Murthy GV, Sharma N. Screening for diabetic retinopathy by non-ophthalmologists: an effective public health tool. (bvs.br)
O'Hare JP, Hopper A, Madhaven C, Charny M, Purewell TS, Harney B, Griffiths J. Adding retinal photography to screening for diabetic retinopathy: a prospective study in primary care. (bvs.br)
Screening for diabetic retinopathy in a clinical setting: a comparison of direct ophthalmoscopy by primary care physicians with fundus photography. (bvs.br)
Harding SP, Broadbent DM, Neoh C, White MC, Vora J. Sensitivity and specificity of photography and direct ophthalmoscopy in screening for sight threatening eye disease: the Liverpool Diabetic Eye Study. (bvs.br)
Owens DR, Gibbins RL, Lewis PA, Wall S, Allen JC, Morton R. Screening for diabetic retinopathy by general practitioners: ophthalmoscopy or retinal photography as 35 mm colour transparencies? (bvs.br)

Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), also known as early diabetic retinopathy. (apollospectra.com)

We also provide laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy that is in its complex stages. (eyewisevision.com.sg)

Volha V. Malechka et al, The Single Administration of a Chromophore Alleviates Neural Defects in Diabetic Retinopathy, The American Journal of Pathology (2020). (medicalxpress.com)
The 2017-March 2020 pre-pandemic diabetes data file (P_DIQ) provides personal interview data on diabetes, prediabetes, use of insulin or oral hypoglycemic medications, and diabetic retinopathy. (cdc.gov)

One of the most common diabetic eye diseases is diabetic retinopathy. (eyewisevision.com.sg)
Several DR patients may have accompanying serious complications, such as diabetic heart disease, high blood pressure and kidney diseases. (ijpsonline.com)
Do you know how diabetic eye diseases can affect your vision? (todaysvisionconroe.com)
Unfortunately, many types of diabetic eye diseases only cause symptoms after your vision has already been damaged. (2020eyeq.com)

Three researchers presented their findings in an abstract, " The Relationship Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Diabetic Retinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis . (mendosa.com)

This stage of diabetic retinopathy typically requires urgent treatment. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Blurred vision can happen at any stage of diabetic retinopathy, although it is more likely to occur the longer you have diabetes. (diabetes.ie)

Further systematic single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals two novel cell states of cones in response to different levels of higher glucose and the progressive decrease of HCN1 channels as a mechanism underlying cone defects in diabetic retinopathy. (jneurosci.org)

review evidence-based practice guidelines for the management of diabetic retinopathy and recommendations arising out of the last global and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) meetings and consider possible implementation in all Member States in the Region. (who.int)
Excerpt from the Canadian Ophthalmological Society evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for the management of diabetic retinopathy. (medscape.com)

CHICAGO, Illinois - Ranibizumab is effective in reducing the severity of diabetic retinopathy, according to an analysis of the RIDE and RISE randomized trial populations, researchers reported here at the American Academy of Ophthalmology 2012 Annual Meeting. (medscape.com)
Our data suggest that a delay in administering ranibizumab therapy results in a reduction in the chance to improve the level of diabetic retinopathy severity," said Michael S. Ip, MD, from the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Wisconsin Medical School in Madison, who presented the findings. (medscape.com)
The American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) noted a recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association offers "reliable evidence that diabetic retinopathy and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy are increasing in adults over age 40 in the United States and that more Americans, especially non-Hispanic black Americans, will be vulnerable to potentially-blinding diabetic retinopathy in coming years. (bettervision.net)
According to The American Academy of Ophthalmology, diabetics are 25 times more likely to lose vision than those without this disease. (theeyeassociates.com)
If you have been diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy recently, you just need to search for a specialist in ophthalmology near me or an ophthalmology hospital near me or a diabetic retinopathy hospital near me. (apollospectra.com)

More than 70% of subjects in these studies had diabetes, and the most frequent etiology of the vitreous hemorrhage was proliferative diabetic retinopathy. (medscape.com)
Zeiner J, Loukovaara S, Losenkova K, Zuccarini M, Korhonen AM, Lehti K, Kauppinen A, Kaarniranta K, Müller CE, Jalkanen S and Yegutkin GG: Soluble and membrane-bound adenylate kinase and nucleotidases augment ATP-mediated inflammation in diabetic retinopathy eyes with vitreous hemorrhage. (spandidos-publications.com)
Vitrectomy is another surgery commonly needed for diabetic patients who suffer a vitreous hemorrhage (bleeding in the gel-like substance that fills the center of the eye). (eye.com.ph)

Diabetes can cause a disease of the ey e called diabetic retinopathy (DR). In its early stages, you may not notice any symptoms or changes to your eyesight, and you cannot tell that this condition is damaging your eyes. (cdc.gov)
In the early stages of diabetic retinopathy, you may have no symptoms and your vision may not change until the disease gets worse. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is the most advanced stage of the disease and poses a high risk of severe visual impairment. (actapress.com)
Historically, diabetic retinopathy has been recognized as a vascular disease. (jneurosci.org)
Cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as hypertension, are also associated with advanced diabetic retinopathy. (logicalimages.com)
If your diabetic retinopathy test indicates that your disease has progressed to a later stage, then you will be given treatment, and our eye specialist will inform you. (eyewisevision.com.sg)
If you have been treated with a conventional laser for diabetic eye disease before, this is completely a different experience. (eyewisevision.com.sg)
3 , 4 It is estimated that approximately 75% of patients with type 1 diabetes and 50% of patients with type 2 diabetes will develop DR. 5 With the aging and diabetic populations getting ever more extensive, it is critical to determine if and how the progression of DR changes in the aging and the best strategies to treat the disease in an aging population. (dovepress.com)
The Panorama trial showed that by 1 year 20% of untreated patients developed proliferative diabetic eye disease, and Eylea reduced this risk by 85% to 88% when administered using an every 16-week or 8-week dosing regimen, respectively," said George D. Yancopoulos, MD, PhD, President and Chief Scientific Officer at Regeneron. (empr.com)
Learning that you have a diabetic eye disease can feel scary. (americasbest.com)
Diabetic retinopathy causes an array of long-term systemic complications that have considerable impact on the patients as the disease typically affect individuals in their most reproductive years. (techscience.com)
Semeraro F, Morescalchi F, Cancarini A, Russo A, Rezzola S and Costagliola C: Diabetic retinopathy, a vascular and inflammatory disease: Therapeutic implications. (spandidos-publications.com)
The earliest phase of the disease is known as background diabetic retinopathy. (eye.com.ph)
The affect of diabetic retinopathy on vision varies widely, depending on the stage of the disease. (eye.com.ph)
Diabetic retinopathy is treated in many ways depending on the stage of the disease and the specific problem that requires attention. (eye.com.ph)
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease of the eye, affecting prematurely born babies, generally having received intensive neonatal care, in which oxygen therapy is used on them due to the premature development of their lungs. (europeaneyecenter.com)
Diabetic Eye Disease Awareness Month in November is the perfect time to schedule your appointment. (2020eyeq.com)
Who Gets Diabetic Eye Disease? (2020eyeq.com)
You're most likely to develop a diabetic eye disease if your blood sugar is often high. (2020eyeq.com)
Want to reduce your risk of diabetic eye disease? (2020eyeq.com)

This is often used to treat proliferative retinopathy and sometimes macular edema. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
What is proliferative retinopathy? (apollospectra.com)
In eyes with proliferative retinopathy and center-involving macular edema, an intraocular VEGF inhibitor injection should be considered at the time of PRP to improve the near-term vision result. (medscape.com)

What are the symptoms of diabetic retinopathy? (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The first symptoms of diabetic retinopathy are dilated retinal venules and the appearance of capillary microaneurysms, a condition known as background retinopathy. (medscape.com)
Some common symptoms of diabetic retinopathy are listed below, however, diabetes may cause other eye symptoms. (eye.com.ph)

Early detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy is important to keep your eyes healthy and prevent more damage. (bartleby.com)
Regeneron ) for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. (empr.com)
Mailuoning and luteolin could prevent high glucose-induced human retinal microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis in diabetic retinopathy, suggesting that mailuoning and luteolin could be useful in the clinical treatment of diabetic retinopathy. (ijpsonline.com)

If you have a low level of vitamin D, taking this inexpensive supplement may help you prevent diabetic retinopathy, one of the most serious complications of diabetes. (mendosa.com)
One of the biggest complications of diabetes is diabetic retinopathy. (apollospectra.com)

Ongoing treatment not only resulted in good DME control, it also provided significant reductions in diabetic retinopathy progression, improving the retinopathy scale in many patients - by 2 steps in 35% of the population and by 3 steps in 10% of the study population, Dr. Ip reported. (medscape.com)
From the 24-month analysis, we had strong evidence that ranibizumab prevents further worsening of diabetic retinopathy severity and actually improves the degree of severity for many patients. (medscape.com)
Patients who continued to receive ranibizumab monthly between 24 and 36 months had a maintenance in the regression of diabetic retinopathy severity they achieved at month 24. (medscape.com)
In contrast, patients in the sham group, despite receiving the drug between months 24 and 36, did not have a change in their immediate retinopathy level," he said. (medscape.com)
Dr. Ip said the data suggest that a delay in treatment is detrimental to patients, although it is not known whether a delay of less than 2 years will result in a similar loss of benefit on the level of diabetic retinopathy severity, he added. (medscape.com)
The Diabetic Retinopathy Management webcast will provide an overview of the epidemic and identify how to manage diabetic retinopathy in your patients. (clevelandclinicmeded.com)
Patients with diabetic retinopathy are often asymptomatic. (logicalimages.com)
The Phase III trials consisted of 759 patients with diabetic retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema at baseline, divided into two groups: the RISE trial with 377 patients, and the RIDE trial with 382 patients. (pharmtech.com)
The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients who improved by ≥2 steps on the Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale (DRSS) from baseline to week 24 in the combined Eylea groups and at week 52 in the 2Q16 and 2Q8 groups individually vs sham. (empr.com)
In fact, 80% of patients who received the Eylea 8-week dosing regimen had significant improvement in their diabetic retinopathy. (empr.com)
This study suggests that the delivery of visual chromophore to the diabetic eye may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for the early stages of diabetic retinopathy to prevent vision loss in patients with diabetes. (medicalxpress.com)
The present study aimed to investigate the level of translocator protein (TSPO) and its correlation with different inflammatory cytokines in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients. (spandidos-publications.com)
Better control of blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes also slows the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy. (bettervision.net)
These changes may be reversible or their progression may be halted with improved diabetic control, although in some patients the condition initially worsens. (medscape.com)
Researchers have found that diabetic patients who are able to maintain appropriate blood sugar levels have fewer eye problems than those with poor control. (eye.com.ph)
Approximately one-third of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) who had an initial complete panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) needed vitrectomies over 10 years, according to a study. (ophthalmology360.com)
This is because patients who are diabetic can go on to develop a complication that is known as diabetic retinopathy. (luxeoptometry.com)
It is for this reason that patients who suffer from diabetes are asked to attend regular diabetic-related eye exams. (luxeoptometry.com)
Diabetic retinopathy and visual disabilities among patients in a rehabilitation program. (bvsalud.org)
METHOD: cross-sectional, exploratory study with 17 diabetic patients in chronic use of oral antidiabetic medicati. (bvsalud.org)

A condition called macular edema may occur from diabetic retinopathy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Long-term glycemic control reduces retinopathy risk, but transient worsening can occur with glucose control intensification. (figshare.com)
Macular edema is more likely to occur if you have untreated diabetic retinopathy. (2020eyeq.com)

Investigating the prevalence of DR is important because it is a key indicator of systemic diabetic microvascular complications, and as such, a sentinel indicator of the impact of diabetes. (cdc.gov)

IMSEAR at SEARO: Vision threatening diabetic retinopathy. (who.int)

Diabetic retinopathy usually only affects people who have chronic diabetes (diagnosed or undiagnosed). (techscience.com)
Diabetic retinopathy (die-uh-BET-ik ret-ih-NOP-uh-thee) is a diabetes complication that affects eyes. (middlesexhealth.org)
Diabetic retinopathy is a diabetes complication that affects the eyes. (hyperoptics.net)

Diabetic retinopathy develops over time and often goes unnoticed until vision loss occurs. (diabetes.ca)
Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of adult vision loss world-wide that offers a significant diagnostic challenge. (bartleby.com)
Diabetic retinopathy can cause vision changes, including trouble reading and difficulty with distance vision. (verywellhealth.com)
Diabetic retinopathy can lead to problems with central vision. (verywellhealth.com)
Vision loss is the most serious symptom of diabetic retinopathy. (verywellhealth.com)
In a DRCR.net clinical trial comparing Eylea (aflibercept), Lucentis (ranibizumab), and Avastin (bevacizumab) for diabetic macular edema (DME), aflibercept provided greater visual improvement, on average, than did the other 2 drugs for vision of 20/50 or worse at the start of the trial. (medscape.com)
with diabetic macular edema, leaky blood vessels cause swelling of the macula, which can lead to blurred vision. (diabetes.ie)
There are treatments that can minimise vision loss due to diabetic retinopathy. (visionaustralia.org)
Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of vision loss among people with diabetes. (optometrists.org)
Visiting a diabetic screener can help you detect whether you're at risk of diabetic retinopathy and know how you can prevent vision complications from it. (eyewisevision.com.sg)
At first, diabetic retinopathy might cause no symptoms or only mild vision problems. (middlesexhealth.org)
As diabetic retinopathy progresses, new blood vessels may grow and threaten your vision. (middlesexhealth.org)
Early detection and treatment can limit the potential for significant vision loss from diabetic retinopathy. (bettervision.net)
Diabetics have it hard enough without having to live with permanent vision loss. (theeyeassociates.com)
The NUMBER 1 way for diabetics to prevent vision loss is to have an dilated eye exam EVERY YEAR. (theeyeassociates.com)
This makes it obvious that once diabetic, the risk of retinal damage and vision loss remains lifelong. (apollospectra.com)
Vision loss associated with DR primarily occurs due to diabetic macular edema (DME) and maculopathy, and the sequelae of proliferative DR (PDR): DME results in slowly developing moderate vision loss, whereas PDR results in sudden-onset severe visual loss. (medscape.com)
Vision threatening diabetic retinopathy. (who.int)
https://chronicdata.cdc.gov/Vision-Eye-Health/Diabetic-Retinopathy-Age-adjusted-Prevalence-/ht3t-s94t Opens in new window. (cdc.gov)
In eyes with Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS) high-risk characteristics, panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) should be carried out to reduce the risk of severe vision loss. (medscape.com)
Ruptured blood vessels can cause significant vision loss and may lead to diabetic macular edema . (acuityvision.com)
Without prompt treatment, diabetic retinopathy can cause permanent vision loss. (luxeoptometry.com)

What causes diabetic retinopathy? (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Earlier this year, AEYE Health reported the results of a first-of-its-kind clinical trial to evaluate whether AI software can accurately detect more-than-mild diabetic retinopathy using a single image per eye, obtained from either a desktop or handheld retinal camera. (forbes.com)
Agreement with the reference standard was good for any retinopathy and STDR for the clinical examination (κ = 0.80 and 0.79, respectively) and the photograph graded during the survey (κ = 0.80 and 0.82, respectively). (nih.gov)
Two-year results from the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research network (DRCR.net) Randomized Trial Evaluating Ranibizumab Plus Prompt or Deferred Laser or Triamcinolone Plus Prompt Laser for Diabetic Macular Edema, known as the Laser-Ranibizumab-Triamcinolone for DME Study, demonstrated that ranibizumab paired with prompt or deferred focal/grid laser treatment achieved superior visual acuity and optical coherence tomography (OCT) outcomes compared with focal/grid laser treatment alone. (medscape.com)
A meta-analysis just presented at the Annual Scientific and Clinical Congress of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, in Orlando, Florida, from May 25 to 29, found "a statistically significant association between diabetic retinopathy and vitamin D deficiency. (mendosa.com)
Recent clinical evidence suggests the initiation of diabetic retinopathy with neuropathy rather than microangiopathy. (jneurosci.org)
Get a copy of the Diabetic Retinopathy newsletter by fillign up the form towards right and get an overlay of the Diabetic Retinopathy market landscape, recent happenings on the research front, ongoing clinical trials, and pipeline therapies expected to transform the Diabetic Retinopathy market in the future delivered in the mail box. (delveinsight.com)
Cite this: A Clinical Perspective of Diabetic Retinopathy - Medscape - Jul 01, 2008. (medscape.com)
Cipher is a suite of both hardware and software systems that is currently deployed for object recognition, classification, and localization to improve non-invasive medical/clinical imaging of malaria and diabetic retinopathies. (who.int)

The number and severity of affected vessels determines the grade or retinopathy. (optos.com)
Treatment largely depends on the type of diabetic retinopathy and its severity and is designed to slow or stop the progression. (apollospectra.com)

This article looks at the stages, symptoms, and complications of diabetic retinopathy. (verywellhealth.com)
You may not notice anything as there may be no symptoms in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy. (diabetes.ie)
Diabetic retinopathy occurs in four stages and can progress rapidly if not treated and monitored properly. (optometrists.org)
This work supports our novel hypothesis that diabetes-induced disturbance of the vitamin A metabolism in the eye is responsible for reduced visual function in early stages of diabetic retinopathy," commented Dr. Moiseyev. (medicalxpress.com)
In the early stages of diabetic retinopathy, you may not have any symptoms. (americasbest.com)
Often there are no visual symptoms in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy. (bettervision.net)
In the early stages of diabetic retinopathy, there might be no symptoms at all. (apollospectra.com)
Symptoms aren't common in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy. (2020eyeq.com)

In 2004, a programme for early detection of diabetic retinopathy was introduced within the comprehensive plan for diabetes in Andalusia. (who.int)
Early detection and treatment can help to avoid sight loss from diabetic retinopathy. (diabetes.ie)

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the serum Hcy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects with diabetic retinopathy. (who.int)
Total 85 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects were included in this study, 40 were case having retinopathy and 45 were age and sex matched control without retinopathy. (who.int)

Here, we reported progressive diabetic retinopathy defects in blood glucose levels, shortening of cone segments and uncoupled appearance of retinal vascular abnormalities from pdx1 +/− mutants zebrafish to glucose-treated pdx1 +/− mutants zebrafish of both sexes. (jneurosci.org)
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. (bvsalud.org)

Subsequent changes in background retinopathy are characterized by increased vessel permeability and leaking plasma that forms hard exudates, followed by capillary occlusion and flame-shaped hemorrhages. (medscape.com)

Diabetic retinopathy is caused by blood sugar (glucose) levels that are too high for an extended period of time. (bartleby.com)
GLP-1 receptor agonists (RA) lower glucose, but long-term impact on retinopathy is unknown. (figshare.com)
Retinopathy status should be assessed when intensifying glucose-lowering therapy. (figshare.com)

The primary outcome was a gain from baseline of at least 15 ETDRS (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study) letters in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). (medscape.com)

The progression of retinopathy appears to depend on several factors, like how long you have had diabetes and how well your blood sugar is controlled. (verywellhealth.com)
The duration of diabetes is the strongest predictor for the development and progression of retinopathy, but it usually takes several years for diabetic retinopathy to reach a stage where it could threaten sight. (city.ac.uk)

FDA granted Genentech priority review for its diabetic retinopathy treatment, Lucentis. (pharmtech.com)
Genentech announced on Oct. 8, 2014 that it received Priority Review from FDA for the diabetic retinopathy, Lucentis. (pharmtech.com)

While diabetic retinopathy often cannot be completely prevented, you can reduce your risk of having it develop or progress. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Who is at risk for diabetic retinopathy? (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Anyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic retinopathy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
All people with diabetes (both type 1 and type 2) are at risk for diabetic retinopathy. (diabetes.ca)
Poor blood sugar control in diabetes can make diabetic retinopathy worse and can increase the risk of developing sight problems. (diabetes.ie)
What are the risk factors for diabetic retinopathy? (diabetes.ie)
Are You at Risk for Diabetic Eye Damage? (optometrists.org)
Women who are pregnant and have type 1 or type 2 diabetes have a higher risk for retinopathy. (baycare.org)
Women who get diabetes during pregnancy (gestational diabetes) are not at risk for having retinopathy at that time. (baycare.org)
The good news is most diabetics do not have serious trouble with their eyesight - although they are more at risk than someone who isn't a diabetic. (your-diabetes.com)
The risk of diabetic retinopathy increases with the duration of diabetes and the patient's age. (logicalimages.com)
The risk of retinopathy developing in children with diabetes increases after puberty. (logicalimages.com)
It's recommended that people with diabetes regularly see an eye doctor, so they can assess if they're at risk of diabetic retinopathy. (eyewisevision.com.sg)
This program is designed to screen people throughout Illinois who are in high-risk categories for Diabetic Retinopathy. (lionsofillinoisfoundation.org)
Developing diabetes when pregnant (gestational diabetes) or having diabetes before becoming pregnant can increase your risk of diabetic retinopathy. (middlesexhealth.org)
If you are diabetic, you are at risk. (apollospectra.com)
HbA1c reduction was significantly associated with increased retinopathy risk in meta-regression for GLP-1RA CVOTs. (figshare.com)
The magnitude of HbA1c reduction was correlated with retinopathy risk in people with diabetes and additional cardiovascular risk factors, but the long-term impact of improved glycemic control on retinopathy is unmeasured in these studies. (figshare.com)
Am I at risk of diabetic retinopathy? (luxeoptometry.com)
Technically, anyone who suffers from diabetes, whether it be Type 1 or Type 2, could be at risk of developing diabetic retinopathy. (luxeoptometry.com)

Anatomy23

Organisms3

Diseases45

Chemicals and Drugs28

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment35

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes7

Disciplines and Occupations3

Information Science3

Named Groups2

Health Care14

Geographicals3

An audit of the care of diabetics in a group practice. (1/2382)

Increase in the advanced glycation end product pentosidine in Bruch's membrane with age. (2/2382)

Human diabetic neovascular membranes contain high levels of urokinase and metalloproteinase enzymes. (3/2382)

What quality measurements miss. (5/2382)

Cotherapy with recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I and insulin improves glycemic control in type 1 diabetes. RhIGF-I in IDDM Study Group. (6/2382)

Gemfibrozil in a group of diabetics. (7/2382)

Evidence for control of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) activity by TNF receptors in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. (8/2382)

Diabetic Retinopathy

Retinopathy of Prematurity

Retinal Vessels

Retinal Neovascularization

Retina

Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental

Photography

Light Coagulation

Retinal Diseases

Diabetic Nephropathies

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Vitreous Body

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

Fluorescein Angiography

Blood-Retinal Barrier

Laser Coagulation

Leukostasis

Macular Edema

Vitrectomy

Diabetic Angiopathies

Visual Acuity

Fundus Oculi

Retinal Hemorrhage

Vitreous Hemorrhage

Ophthalmoscopy

Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated

Pericytes

Blindness

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Ophthalmology

Blood Glucose

Optometry

Diabetes Mellitus

Pregnancy in Diabetics

Eye Diseases

Epiretinal Membrane

Diabetic Foot

Diabetes Complications

Retinal Artery

Hyperglycemia

Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological

Vision Disorders

Aldehyde Reductase

Capillaries

Streptozocin

Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative

Macula Lutea

Intravitreal Injections

Vision Screening

Retinal Neurons

Electroretinography

Retinal Detachment

Albuminuria

Tomography, Optical Coherence

Hypertensive Retinopathy

Mass Screening

Risk Factors

Glycosylation End Products, Advanced

Retinoscopy

Retinal Vein

Vision Tests

Disease Progression

Triamcinolone Acetonide

Prevalence

Insulin

Capillary Permeability

Laser Therapy

Disease Models, Animal

Macular Degeneration

Vision, Low

Glaucoma, Neovascular

Hypoglycemic Agents

Fovea Centralis

Endothelium, Vascular

Galactosemias

Glucose

Cross-Sectional Studies

Cataract

Serpins

Oman