Depression. Medical search

Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with major depression present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.

An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.

Depression in POSTPARTUM WOMEN, usually within four weeks after giving birth (PARTURITION). The degree of depression ranges from mild transient depression to neurotic or psychotic depressive disorders. (From DSM-IV, p386)

The decrease in neuronal activity (related to a decrease in metabolic demand) extending from the site of cortical stimulation. It is believed to be responsible for the decrease in cerebral blood flow that accompanies the aura of MIGRAINE WITH AURA. (Campbell's Psychiatric Dictionary, 8th ed.)

Marked depression appearing in the involution period and characterized by hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, and agitation.

Mood-stimulating drugs used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions. Several MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS are useful as antidepressants apparently as a long-term consequence of their modulation of catecholamine levels. The tricyclic compounds useful as antidepressive agents (ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS, TRICYCLIC) also appear to act through brain catecholamine systems. A third group (ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS, SECOND-GENERATION) is a diverse group of drugs including some that act specifically on serotonergic systems.

Standardized procedures utilizing rating scales or interview schedules carried out by health personnel for evaluating the degree of mental illness.

A persistent activity-dependent decrease in synaptic efficacy between NEURONS. It typically occurs following repeated low-frequency afferent stimulation, but it can be induced by other methods. Long-term depression appears to play a role in MEMORY.

Feeling or emotion of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

Persistent and disabling ANXIETY.

Check list, usually to be filled out by a person about himself, consisting of many statements about personal characteristics which the subject checks.

A generic term for the treatment of mental illness or emotional disturbances primarily by verbal or nonverbal communication.

Stress wherein emotional factors predominate.

The presence of co-existing or additional diseases with reference to an initial diagnosis or with reference to the index condition that is the subject of study. Comorbidity may affect the ability of affected individuals to function and also their survival; it may be used as a prognostic indicator for length of hospital stay, cost factors, and outcome or survival.

A structurally and mechanistically diverse group of drugs that are not tricyclics or monoamine oxidase inhibitors. The most clinically important appear to act selectively on serotonergic systems, especially by inhibiting serotonin reuptake.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

A direct form of psychotherapy based on the interpretation of situations (cognitive structure of experiences) that determine how an individual feels and behaves. It is based on the premise that cognition, the process of acquiring knowledge and forming beliefs, is a primary determinant of mood and behavior. The therapy uses behavioral and verbal techniques to identify and correct negative thinking that is at the root of the aberrant behavior.

Compounds that specifically inhibit the reuptake of serotonin in the brain.

The feeling-tone accompaniment of an idea or mental representation. It is the most direct psychic derivative of instinct and the psychic representative of the various bodily changes by means of which instincts manifest themselves.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Chronically depressed mood that occurs for most of the day more days than not for at least 2 years. The required minimum duration in children to make this diagnosis is 1 year. During periods of depressed mood, at least 2 of the following additional symptoms are present: poor appetite or overeating, insomnia or hypersomnia, low energy or fatigue, low self esteem, poor concentration or difficulty making decisions, and feelings of hopelessness. (DSM-IV)

Assessment of psychological variables by the application of mathematical procedures.

The decrease in a measurable parameter of a PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS, including cellular, microbial, and plant; immunological, cardiovascular, respiratory, reproductive, urinary, digestive, neural, musculoskeletal, ocular, and skin physiological processes; or METABOLIC PROCESS, including enzymatic and other pharmacological processes, by a drug or other chemical.

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

A furancarbonitrile that is one of the SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from tardive dyskinesia in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate this condition.

A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral and social environment; the overall condition of a human life.

Categorical classification of MENTAL DISORDERS based on criteria sets with defining features. It is produced by the American Psychiatric Association. (DSM-IV, page xxii)

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

A directed conversation aimed at eliciting information for psychiatric diagnosis, evaluation, treatment planning, etc. The interview may be conducted by a social worker or psychologist.

A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.

Care which provides integrated, accessible health care services by clinicians who are accountable for addressing a large majority of personal health care needs, developing a sustained partnership with patients, and practicing in the context of family and community. (JAMA 1995;273(3):192)

A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence.

A state of harmony between internal needs and external demands and the processes used in achieving this condition. (From APA Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed)

Those occurrences, including social, psychological, and environmental, which require an adjustment or effect a change in an individual's pattern of living.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Standardized tests designed to measure abilities, as in intelligence, aptitude, and achievement tests, or to evaluate personality traits.

The act of killing oneself.

Failure to respond to two or more trials of antidepressant monotherapy or failure to respond to four or more trials of different antidepressant therapies. (Campbell's Psychiatric Dictionary, 9th ed.)

The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.

Substances that contain a fused three-ring moiety and are used in the treatment of depression. These drugs block the uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin into axon terminals and may block some subtypes of serotonin, adrenergic, and histamine receptors. However the mechanism of their antidepressant effects is not clear because the therapeutic effects usually take weeks to develop and may reflect compensatory changes in the central nervous system.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Electrically induced CONVULSIONS primarily used in the treatment of severe AFFECTIVE DISORDERS and SCHIZOPHRENIA.

A risk factor for suicide attempts and completions, it is the most common of all suicidal behavior, but only a minority of ideators engage in overt self-harm.

The capacity of the NERVOUS SYSTEM to change its reactivity as the result of successive activations.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

The communication from a NEURON to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a SYNAPSE. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a NEUROTRANSMITTER that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors, activating them. The activated receptors modulate specific ion channels and/or second-messenger systems in the postsynaptic cell. In electrical synaptic transmission, electrical signals are communicated as an ionic current flow across ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES.

Support systems that provide assistance and encouragement to individuals with physical or emotional disabilities in order that they may better cope. Informal social support is usually provided by friends, relatives, or peers, while formal assistance is provided by churches, groups, etc.

Use of electric potential or currents to elicit biological responses.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

Those disorders that have a disturbance in mood as their predominant feature.

A class of traumatic stress disorders with symptoms that last more than one month. There are various forms of post-traumatic stress disorder, depending on the time of onset and the duration of these stress symptoms. In the acute form, the duration of the symptoms is between 1 to 3 months. In the chronic form, symptoms last more than 3 months. With delayed onset, symptoms develop more than 6 months after the traumatic event.

Specialized junctions at which a neuron communicates with a target cell. At classical synapses, a neuron's presynaptic terminal releases a chemical transmitter stored in synaptic vesicles which diffuses across a narrow synaptic cleft and activates receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the target cell. The target may be a dendrite, cell body, or axon of another neuron, or a specialized region of a muscle or secretory cell. Neurons may also communicate via direct electrical coupling with ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES. Several other non-synaptic chemical or electric signal transmitting processes occur via extracellular mediated interactions.

The mating of plants or non-human animals which are closely related genetically.

Child with one or more parents afflicted by a physical or mental disorder.

A curved elevation of GRAY MATTER extending the entire length of the floor of the TEMPORAL HORN of the LATERAL VENTRICLE (see also TEMPORAL LOBE). The hippocampus proper, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation.

Depolarization of membrane potentials at the SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES of target neurons during neurotransmission. Excitatory postsynaptic potentials can singly or in summation reach the trigger threshold for ACTION POTENTIALS.

A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

Disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment.

Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.

Social and economic factors that characterize the individual or group within the social structure.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

Tests designed to assess neurological function associated with certain behaviors. They are used in diagnosing brain dysfunction or damage and central nervous system disorders or injury.

The level of health of the individual, group, or population as subjectively assessed by the individual or by more objective measures.

Those affective states which can be experienced and have arousing and motivational properties.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli.

The unsuccessful attempt to kill oneself.

The determination and evaluation of personality attributes by interviews, observations, tests, or scales. Articles concerning personality measurement are considered to be within scope of this term.

Evaluation of the level of physical, physiological, or mental functioning in the older population group.

A person's view of himself.

Interaction between a mother and child.

Sodium chloride-dependent neurotransmitter symporters located primarily on the PLASMA MEMBRANE of serotonergic neurons. They are different than SEROTONIN RECEPTORS, which signal cellular responses to SEROTONIN. They remove SEROTONIN from the EXTRACELLULAR SPACE by high affinity reuptake into PRESYNAPTIC TERMINALS. Regulates signal amplitude and duration at serotonergic synapses and is the site of action of the SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS.

Disorders having the presence of physical symptoms that suggest a general medical condition but that are not fully explained by a another medical condition, by the direct effects of a substance, or by another mental disorder. The symptoms must cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning. In contrast to FACTITIOUS DISORDERS and MALINGERING, the physical symptoms are not under voluntary control. (APA, DSM-V)

The state wherein the person is well adjusted.

Monohydroxy derivatives of cyclohexanes that contain the general formula R-C6H11O. They have a camphorlike odor and are used in making soaps, insecticides, germicides, dry cleaning, and plasticizers.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

A tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects. It may cause drowsiness and hematological problems. Its mechanism of therapeutic action is not well understood, although it apparently blocks alpha-adrenergic, histamine H1, and some types of serotonin receptors.

An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

Maladaptive reactions to identifiable psychosocial stressors occurring within a short time after onset of the stressor. They are manifested by either impairment in social or occupational functioning or by symptoms (depression, anxiety, etc.) that are in excess of a normal and expected reaction to the stressor.

Conditions characterized by disturbances of usual sleep patterns or behaviors. Sleep disorders may be divided into three major categories: DYSSOMNIAS (i.e. disorders characterized by insomnia or hypersomnia), PARASOMNIAS (abnormal sleep behaviors), and sleep disorders secondary to medical or psychiatric disorders. (From Thorpy, Sleep Disorders Medicine, 1994, p187)

The reciprocal interaction of two or more persons.

Disorders in which the essential feature is a severe disturbance in mood (depression, anxiety, elation, and excitement) accompanied by psychotic symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, gross impairment in reality testing, etc.

The performance of the basic activities of self care, such as dressing, ambulation, or eating.

The function of opposing or restraining the excitation of neurons or their target excitable cells.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Disorders characterized by impairment of the ability to initiate or maintain sleep. This may occur as a primary disorder or in association with another medical or psychiatric condition.

A persistent increase in synaptic efficacy, usually induced by appropriate activation of the same synapses. The phenomenological properties of long-term potentiation suggest that it may be a cellular mechanism of learning and memory.

Method for obtaining information through verbal responses, written or oral, from subjects.

A systematic collection of factual data pertaining to health and disease in a human population within a given geographic area.

A subspecialty of psychiatry concerned with the mental health of the aged.

A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.

Theoretical representations that simulate psychological processes and/or social processes. These include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Persons who provide care to those who need supervision or assistance in illness or disability. They may provide the care in the home, in a hospital, or in an institution. Although caregivers include trained medical, nursing, and other health personnel, the concept also refers to parents, spouses, or other family members, friends, members of the clergy, teachers, social workers, fellow patients.

Any form of psychotherapy designed to produce therapeutic change within a minimal amount of time, generally not more than 20 sessions.

Intellectual or mental process whereby an organism obtains knowledge.

A form of therapy in which two or more patients participate under the guidance of one or more psychotherapists for the purpose of treating emotional disturbances, social maladjustments, and psychotic states.

Organized periodic procedures performed on large groups of people for the purpose of detecting disease.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

A syndrome characterized by depressions that recur annually at the same time each year, usually during the winter months. Other symptoms include anxiety, irritability, decreased energy, increased appetite (carbohydrate cravings), increased duration of sleep, and weight gain. SAD (seasonal affective disorder) can be treated by daily exposure to bright artificial lights (PHOTOTHERAPY), during the season of recurrence.

Conditions or pathological processes associated with pregnancy. They can occur during or after pregnancy, and range from minor discomforts to serious diseases that require medical interventions. They include diseases in pregnant females, and pregnancies in females with diseases.

Disorders in which the symptoms are distressing to the individual and recognized by him or her as being unacceptable. Social relationships may be greatly affected but usually remain within acceptable limits. The disturbance is relatively enduring or recurrent without treatment.

Normal, appropriate sorrowful response to an immediate cause. It is self-limiting and gradually subsides within a reasonable time.

Inability to experience pleasure due to impairment or dysfunction of normal psychological and neurobiological mechanisms. It is a symptom of many PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS (e.g., DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; and SCHIZOPHRENIA).

The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.

Learned expectation that one's responses are independent of reward and, hence, do not predict or control the occurrence of rewards. Learned helplessness derives from a history, experimentally induced or naturally occurring, of having received punishment/aversive stimulation regardless of responses made. Such circumstances result in an impaired ability to learn. Used for human or animal populations. (APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994)

Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patients or experimental animals to aid in diagnosis, therapy, and physiological studies.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Disorders related to substance abuse.

Mood or emotional responses dissonant with or inappropriate to the behavior and/or stimulus.

Organized services to provide mental health care.

The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.

Persons who receive ambulatory care at an outpatient department or clinic without room and board being provided.

The age, developmental stage, or period of life at which a disease or the initial symptoms or manifestations of a disease appear in an individual.

A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.

Behavior-response patterns that characterize the individual.

Small-scale tests of methods and procedures to be used on a larger scale if the pilot study demonstrates that these methods and procedures can work.

A type of anxiety disorder characterized by unexpected panic attacks that last minutes or, rarely, hours. Panic attacks begin with intense apprehension, fear or terror and, often, a feeling of impending doom. Symptoms experienced during a panic attack include dyspnea or sensations of being smothered; dizziness, loss of balance or faintness; choking sensations; palpitations or accelerated heart rate; shakiness; sweating; nausea or other form of abdominal distress; depersonalization or derealization; paresthesias; hot flashes or chills; chest discomfort or pain; fear of dying and fear of not being in control of oneself or going crazy. Agoraphobia may also develop. Similar to other anxiety disorders, it may be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait.

A collection of NEURONS, tracts of NERVE FIBERS, endocrine tissue, and blood vessels in the HYPOTHALAMUS and the PITUITARY GLAND. This hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal circulation provides the mechanism for hypothalamic neuroendocrine (HYPOTHALAMIC HORMONES) regulation of pituitary function and the release of various PITUITARY HORMONES into the systemic circulation to maintain HOMEOSTASIS.

A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (RECEPTORS, SEROTONIN) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of this biochemical mediator.

Computer systems utilized as adjuncts in the treatment of disease.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

A learning situation involving more than one alternative from which a selection is made in order to attain a specific goal.

Conversations with an individual or individuals held in order to obtain information about their background and other personal biographical data, their attitudes and opinions, etc. It includes school admission or job interviews.

Appraisal of one's own personal qualities or traits.

A class of ionotropic glutamate receptors characterized by affinity for N-methyl-D-aspartate. NMDA receptors have an allosteric binding site for glycine which must be occupied for the channel to open efficiently and a site within the channel itself to which magnesium ions bind in a voltage-dependent manner. The positive voltage dependence of channel conductance and the high permeability of the conducting channel to calcium ions (as well as to monovalent cations) are important in excitotoxicity and neuronal plasticity.

The interactions between the anterior pituitary and adrenal glands, in which corticotropin (ACTH) stimulates the adrenal cortex and adrenal cortical hormones suppress the production of corticotropin by the anterior pituitary.

The seeking and acceptance by patients of health service.

The human ability to adapt in the face of tragedy, trauma, adversity, hardship, and ongoing significant life stressors.

Determination of the degree of a physical, mental, or emotional handicap. The diagnosis is applied to legal qualification for benefits and income under disability insurance and to eligibility for Social Security and workmen's compensation benefits.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Drugs that bind to but do not activate excitatory amino acid receptors, thereby blocking the actions of agonists.

The observable response an animal makes to any situation.

Statistical models in which the value of a parameter for a given value of a factor is assumed to be equal to a + bx, where a and b are constants. The models predict a linear regression.

Personality construct referring to an individual's perception of the locus of events as determined internally by his or her own behavior versus fate, luck, or external forces. (ERIC Thesaurus, 1996).

Cell surface proteins that bind glutamate and act through G-proteins to influence second messenger systems. Several types of metabotropic glutamate receptors have been cloned. They differ in pharmacology, distribution, and mechanisms of action.

The medical science that deals with the origin, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders.

Former members of the armed services.

Voluntary cooperation of the patient in following a prescribed regimen.

A loosely defined grouping of drugs that have effects on psychological function. Here the psychotropic agents include the antidepressive agents, hallucinogens, and tranquilizing agents (including the antipsychotics and anti-anxiety agents).

Statistical interpretation and description of a population with reference to distribution, composition, or structure.

Lack of emotion or emotional expression; a disorder of motivation that persists over time.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness.

An activity in which the body is propelled through water by specific movement of the arms and/or the legs. Swimming as propulsion through water by the movement of limbs, tail, or fins of animals is often studied as a form of PHYSICAL EXERTION or endurance.

Agents that are used to treat bipolar disorders or mania associated with other affective disorders.

The physical activity of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.

A set of statistical methods for analyzing the correlations among several variables in order to estimate the number of fundamental dimensions that underlie the observed data and to describe and measure those dimensions. It is used frequently in the development of scoring systems for rating scales and questionnaires.

The science and art of collecting, summarizing, and analyzing data that are subject to random variation. The term is also applied to the data themselves and to the summarization of the data.

Works about clinical trials that involve at least one test treatment and one control treatment, concurrent enrollment and follow-up of the test- and control-treated groups, and in which the treatments to be administered are selected by a random process, such as the use of a random-numbers table.

Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in response to excitation stimuli.

A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

A plan for collecting and utilizing data so that desired information can be obtained with sufficient precision or so that an hypothesis can be tested properly.

Adaptation of the person to the social environment. Adjustment may take place by adapting the self to the environment or by changing the environment. (From Campbell, Psychiatric Dictionary, 1996)

Performing the role of a parent by care-giving, nurturance, and protection of the child by a natural or substitute parent. The parent supports the child by exercising authority and through consistent, empathic, appropriate behavior in response to the child's needs. PARENTING differs from CHILD REARING in that in child rearing the emphasis is on the act of training or bringing up the children and the interaction between the parent and child, while parenting emphasizes the responsibility and qualities of exemplary behavior of the parent.

The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.

A serotonin receptor subtype found distributed through the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM where they are involved in neuroendocrine regulation of ACTH secretion. The fact that this serotonin receptor subtype is particularly sensitive to SEROTONIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS such as BUSPIRONE suggests its role in the modulation of ANXIETY and DEPRESSION.

The main glucocorticoid secreted by the ADRENAL CORTEX. Its synthetic counterpart is used, either as an injection or topically, in the treatment of inflammation, allergy, collagen diseases, asthma, adrenocortical deficiency, shock, and some neoplastic conditions.

An electrophysiologic technique for studying cells, cell membranes, and occasionally isolated organelles. All patch-clamp methods rely on a very high-resistance seal between a micropipette and a membrane; the seal is usually attained by gentle suction. The four most common variants include on-cell patch, inside-out patch, outside-out patch, and whole-cell clamp. Patch-clamp methods are commonly used to voltage clamp, that is control the voltage across the membrane and measure current flow, but current-clamp methods, in which the current is controlled and the voltage is measured, are also used.

Set of expectations that exempt persons from responsibility for their illness and exempt them from usual responsibilities.

Abuse of children in a family, institutional, or other setting. (APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994)

A medical specialty concerned with the provision of continuing, comprehensive primary health care for the entire family.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.

Public attitudes toward health, disease, and the medical care system.

Predisposition to react to one's environment in a certain way; usually refers to mood changes.

Standardized clinical interview used to assess current psychopathology by scaling patient responses to the questions.

A class of ionotropic glutamate receptors characterized by their affinity for the agonist AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid).

The separation of individuals or groups resulting in the lack of or minimizing of social contact and/or communication. This separation may be accomplished by physical separation, by social barriers and by psychological mechanisms. In the latter, there may be interaction but no real communication.

Diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive mental health services provided for individuals in the community.

A social group consisting of parents or parent substitutes and children.

A demographic parameter indicating a person's status with respect to marriage, divorce, widowhood, singleness, etc.

Subjective feeling of having committed an error, offense or sin; unpleasant feeling of self-criticism. These result from acts, impulses, or thoughts contrary to one's personal conscience.

The distal terminations of axons which are specialized for the release of neurotransmitters. Also included are varicosities along the course of axons which have similar specializations and also release transmitters. Presynaptic terminals in both the central and peripheral nervous systems are included.

Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994)

The interrelationship of psychology and religion.

A common nonarticular rheumatic syndrome characterized by myalgia and multiple points of focal muscle tenderness to palpation (trigger points). Muscle pain is typically aggravated by inactivity or exposure to cold. This condition is often associated with general symptoms, such as sleep disturbances, fatigue, stiffness, HEADACHES, and occasionally DEPRESSION. There is significant overlap between fibromyalgia and the chronic fatigue syndrome (FATIGUE SYNDROME, CHRONIC). Fibromyalgia may arise as a primary or secondary disease process. It is most frequent in females aged 20 to 50 years. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1494-95)

Those unable to leave home without exceptional effort and support; patients (in this condition) who are provided with or are eligible for home health services, including medical treatment and personal care. Persons are considered homebound even if they may be infrequently and briefly absent from home if these absences do not indicate an ability to receive health care in a professional's office or health care facility. (From Facts on File Dictionary of Health Care Management, 1988, p309)

Electrical responses recorded from nerve, muscle, SENSORY RECEPTOR, or area of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM following stimulation. They range from less than a microvolt to several microvolts. The evoked potential can be auditory (EVOKED POTENTIALS, AUDITORY), somatosensory (EVOKED POTENTIALS, SOMATOSENSORY), visual (EVOKED POTENTIALS, VISUAL), or motor (EVOKED POTENTIALS, MOTOR), or other modalities that have been reported.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Field of psychology concerned with the normal and abnormal behavior of adolescents. It includes mental processes as well as observable responses.

One of the convolutions on the medial surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES. It surrounds the rostral part of the brain and CORPUS CALLOSUM and forms part of the LIMBIC SYSTEM.

Organizations which provide an environment encouraging social interactions through group activities or individual relationships especially for the purpose of rehabilitating or supporting patients, individuals with common health problems, or the elderly. They include therapeutic social clubs.

The personal cost of acute or chronic disease. The cost to the patient may be an economic, social, or psychological cost or personal loss to self, family, or immediate community. The cost of illness may be reflected in absenteeism, productivity, response to treatment, peace of mind, or QUALITY OF LIFE. It differs from HEALTH CARE COSTS, meaning the societal cost of providing services related to the delivery of health care, rather than personal impact on individuals.

The aggregate of social and cultural institutions, forms, patterns, and processes that influence the life of an individual or community.

Anxiety disorders in which the essential feature is persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that the individual feels compelled to avoid. The individual recognizes the fear as excessive or unreasonable.

A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)

A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

Mental activity, not predominantly perceptual, by which one apprehends some aspect of an object or situation based on past learning and experience.

The co-existence of a substance abuse disorder with a psychiatric disorder. The diagnostic principle is based on the fact that it has been found often that chemically dependent patients also have psychiatric problems of various degrees of severity.

A strong emotional feeling of displeasure aroused by being interfered with, injured or threatened.

Meta-analysis of the reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase type A moclobemide and brofaromine for the treatment of depression. (1/9883)

The reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase type A (RIMAs) are a newer group of antidepressants that have had much less impact on clinical psychopharmacology than another contemporary class of medications, the selective serotonin reuptake-inhibitors (SSRIs). The RIMAs agents are distinguished from the older monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) by their selectivity and reversibility. As a result, dietary restrictions are not required during RIMA therapy, and hypertensive crises are quite rare. In this article, we describe a series of meta-analyses of studies of the two most widely researched RIMAs, moclobemide (MOC; Aurorex) and brofaromine (BRO). Our findings confirm that both BRO and MOC are as effective as the tricyclic antidepressants, and they are better tolerated. However, BRO is not being studied at present for reasons unrelated to efficacy or side effects. MOC, which is available throughout much of the world (but not the United States), is significantly more effective than placebo and, at the least, comparable to the SSRIs in both efficacy and tolerability. For MOC, higher dosages may enhance efficacy for more severe depressions. We also found evidence that supports clinical impressions that MOC is somewhat less effective, albeit better tolerated, than older MAOIs, such as phenelzine or tranylcypromine. Little evidence has yet emerged to suggest that the RIMAs share older MAOIs' utility for treatment of depressions characterized by prominent reverse neurovegetative features. Based on available evidence, the RIMAs appear to have a limited, but useful, role in the differential therapeutics of the depressive disorders. (+info)

Individual and organizational predictors of depression in general practitioners. (2/9883)

BACKGROUND: High levels of stress and depression are seen in both general practitioners (GPs) and hospital doctors, and this has implications for patient care. It is therefore important to discover the individual and organizational causes of elevated symptoms so they can be tackled. AIM: To discover the relative importance of individual characteristics measured 10 years earlier compared with current organizational stressors in predicting depression in GPs. METHOD: Longitudinal questionnaire study, using data from those of the original cohort of 318 medical students who are now GPs (n = 131), considering perceptions of current stressors and comparing through regression analyses the relative strength of early personality and mood with current organizational factors of sleep, hours worked, and practice size in predicting current depression levels. RESULTS: There were 22 (17%) stressors scoring above threshold for depression. Relationships with senior doctors and patients are the main reported stressors, followed by making mistakes and conflict of career with personal life. The predictors of symptom levels varied for men and women. In men, depression and self-criticism as students, and current sleep levels; and in women, sibling rivalry and current alcohol use, were the main predictors: in men, 27% of the variance was accounted for by early dispositional factors alone compared with 14% in women. A model is suggested linking sleep loss with workplace stressors, self-critical cognitions, and depression. CONCLUSION: Interventions can be made throughout training, targeting self-criticism and recognizing early depression, while later addressing the organizational stressors, particularly work relationships and sleep patterns. (+info)

Increased serotonin receptor density and platelet GPIIb/IIIa activation among smokers. (3/9883)

This study sought to determine whether depressive symptoms and/or platelet serotonin receptor (5HT2A) density are associated with increased platelet activation (PA) found among smokers. Flow cytometric detection of PA was used to study 36 smokers and 16 nonsmokers, aged 18 to 48 years. Subjects were tested at baseline and after either smoking 2 cigarettes (smokers) or a similar resting interval (nonsmokers). Assessment of PA included both platelet secretion and fibrinogen receptor (GPIIb/IIIa) binding. Platelet 5HT2A receptor binding and saturation were tested using [3H]LSD, and depressive symptoms were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory. Platelet 5HT2A receptor density was increased among smokers versus nonsmokers (82.7+/-67.7 versus 40.0+/-20.2 fmol/mg protein; P<0.005), and there was a dose-dependent relationship between receptor density and packs/d among smokers. Baseline wound-induced GPIIb/IIIa binding at 1 minute and GPIIb/IIIa binding in response to collagen stimulation in vitro was increased among smokers (P<0.05); there were no changes in PA among smokers after smoking, and platelet secretion was not elevated among smokers. Depressive symptoms were associated with 5HT2A receptor density among nonsmokers (P<0.005), but no such relationship was evident among smokers; PA was unrelated to 5HT2A receptor density in either group. The findings indicate that smoking is associated with increased platelet serotonin receptor density and with increased GPIIb/IIIa receptor binding, although these 2 factors are not related to each other or to depressive symptoms among smokers. Serotonergic dysfunction may be an important factor in the development of cardiovascular disease among smokers. (+info)

The Montefiore community children's project: a controlled study of cognitive and emotional problems of homeless mothers and children. (4/9883)

OBJECTIVES: This study compares the prevalence of emotional, academic, and cognitive impairment in children and mothers living in the community with those living in shelters for the homeless. METHOD: In New York City, 82 homeless mothers and their 102 children, aged 6 to 11, recruited from family shelters were compared to 115 nonhomeless mothers with 176 children recruited from classmates of the homeless children. Assessments included standardized tests and interviews. RESULTS: Mothers in shelters for the homeless showed higher rates of depression and anxiety than did nonhomeless mothers. Boys in homeless shelters showed higher rates of serious emotional and behavioral problems. Both boys and girls in homeless shelters showed more academic problems than did nonhomeless children. CONCLUSION: Study findings suggest a need among homeless children for special attention to academic problems that are not attributable to intellectual deficits in either children or their mothers. Although high rates of emotional and behavioral problems characterized poor children living in both settings, boys in shelters for the homeless may be particularly in need of professional attention. (+info)

Persistence of depressive symptoms in diabetic adults. (5/9883)

OBJECTIVE: To determine the level and pattern of persistent depressive symptoms among adults with diabetes and identify factors associated with increased risk of being persistently depressed. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A self-report depression symptom inventory was administered to 245 patients at two initial time points--the beginning and end of a comprehensive outpatient diabetes education program--and at 6-month follow-up. RESULTS: Only 13% of subjects were persistently depressed (i.e., exceeded the criterion for depression symptoms at all three time points). The rate of being depressed at follow-up was 10% for those negative for depression symptoms at either of the initial time points, 36% for those positive at one initial time point, and 73% for those positive at both initial time points (P < 0.0001). Those at increased risk for being persistently depressed were those who did not graduate from high school, had more than two complications of diabetes, and were not treated with insulin. CONCLUSIONS: Persistent depressive symptomatology is present in a substantial number of diabetic adults and can be effectively predicted using simple screening instruments during initial contacts. Risk factors for being persistently depressed only partly overlap those for transient depressive symptoms and represent a possible biological dimension. (+info)

A cost-effective approach to the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center. (6/9883)

In light of the tremendous expansion in the number of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors available to the clinician, the Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee of the Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center considered the advantages and disadvantages of fluoxethine, paroxetine, and sertraline, to determine which agent or agents would be carried on the formulary. The committed recommended sertraline as the preferred agent for the treatment of depression, panic disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the economic outcome of that decision. The study population consisted of patients at the medical center who were receiving selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors during January through March of 1994 and those were receiving these agents between September 1995 and January 1996. The expanded collection period in 1995-96 was due to a relatively new medical center policy to offer 90-day fills on medication to reduce costs. The extended collection period assured a 100% sample of patients receiving these agents. The 1994 fluoxetine to sertraline dosage equivalency ratio was 20 mg:55.6 mg, based on average daily doses of fluoxetine and sertraline of 32.7 and 90.9 mg, respectively. The cost to the medical center for an average daily dose of fluoxetine was $1.86; sertraline cost $1.22 per day. The 1996 fluoxetine to sertraline dosage equivalency ratio (20 mg:51.3 mg) had not changed significantly since 1994, indicating that the dose of 20 mg of fluoxetine remained very close to a 50-mg dose of sertraline. The average daily doses of fluoxetine and sertraline (34.9 mg and 89.7 mg, respectively) were not significantly different than the 1994 doses. Only 33 patients had been prescribed paroxetine (average daily dose, 32.4 mg). On the basis of these values, the average daily cost of fluoxetine to the medical center was $2.01, compared with $1.18 for sertraline and $1.24 for paroxetine. This $0.83 per patient per day drug acquisition cost difference between fluoxetine and sertraline results in a drug cost reduction of $302,674 per year. (+info)

Alternative insurance arrangements and the treatment of depression: what are the facts? (7/9883)

Using insurance claims data from nine large self-insured employers offering 26 alternative health benefit plans, we examine empirically how the composition and utilization for the treatment of depression vary under alternative organizational forms of insurance (indemnity, preferred provider organization networks, and mental health carve-outs), and variations in patient cost-sharing (copayments for psychotherapy and for prescription drugs). Although total outpatient mental health and substance abuse expenditures per treated individual do not vary significantly across insurance forms, the depressed outpatient is more likely to receive anti-depressant drug medications is preferred provider organizations and carve-outs than when covered by indemnity insurance. Those individuals facing higher copayments for psychotherapy are more likely to receive anti-depressant drug medications. For those receiving treatment, increases in prescription drug copayments tend to increase the share of anti-depressant drug medication costs accounted for by the newest (and more costly) generation of drugs, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. (+info)

Effectiveness and economic impact of antidepressant medications: a review. (8/9883)

This article reviews the existing literature on the pharmacoeconomics and effectiveness of antidepressant medications. Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have not proved to be more efficacious than the older tricyclics, and their prescription costs are significantly higher, they provide superior effectiveness; ie, patients are less likely to discontinue taking them or switch antidepressants. Pharmacoeconomic studies consistently demonstrate a relationship between this superior effectiveness and reductions in overall treatment costs, often through decreased utilization of medical and hospital services. The most conservative study found a cost offset that more than negated the extra cost of drugs, although the cost savings were not statistically significant. Other studies found statistically significant lowering of utilization costs by using SSRIs rather than tricyclics. Studies comparing SSRIs with each other present conflicting findings, although fluoxetine appears to have an edge over sertraline and paroxetine with regards to effectiveness and pharmacoeconomics. More studies employing a prospective outcome design and naturalistic study setting need to be conducted with SSRIs and other new antidepressants. (+info)

Depression[edit]. Main article: Major depressive disorder. Using data from the ECA study, Eaton, Anthony, Mandel, and Garrison ... 2017). Job strain as a risk factor for clinical depression: Systematic review and meta-analysis with additional individual ... depression or coronary heart disease: A prospective cohort study of 69,842 employees. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, ... showed elevated rates of DSM-III major depression, adjusting for social demographic factors.[110] The ECA study involved ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_health_psychology

Depression[edit]. GABA ergic hypothesis for depression has been proposed. This hypothesis places the GABA system in a central ... The mice also had increased corticosterone concentration which is a symptom in major depression in humans. The y2 subunit is ... Other studies with α2 knockout mice have displayed increased anxiety and depression-like symptoms in conflict based feeding ... role in the pathophysiology of depression and in addition to that clinical studies have shown that alprazolam and adinazolam ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GABAA_receptor_positive_allosteric_modulator

Depression[edit]. See also: Epigenetics of depression § Brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Exposure to stress and the stress ... "Depression and Anxiety. 33 (10): 907-16. doi:10.1002/da.22497. PMC 5089164. PMID 27699937.. ... Various studies have shown possible links between BDNF and conditions, such as depression,[67][68] schizophrenia,[69] obsessive ... Atrophy of the hippocampus and other limbic structures has been shown to take place in humans suffering from chronic depression ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BDNF

Anxiety disorders and depression are the most common mental health issues for women. Depression is reported among lesbians at a ... The Great Depression. The primary component necessary to encourage lesbians to be public and seek other women was economic ... Lesbian and bisexual women are also more likely to report symptoms of multiple disorders that include major depression, panic ... These communes passed because of the Great Depression and were subsequently discouraged by the communist government for being a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesbians

The 1890s depression (the most severe Australia had ever faced) made the inefficiencies of the six colonies seem ever more ... The Great Boom could not last forever, and in 1891 it gave way to the Great Crash, a decade-long depression which created high ... The gold rushes occurred hard on the heels of a major worldwide economic depression. As a result, about two per cent of the ... as Australia faced its 1890s economic Depression. ... Booms, depressions and trade unions[edit]. Shearing the Rams ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Australia_

Depression[edit]. Epigenetic inheritance of depression-related phenotypes has also been reported in a preclinical study.[144] ... Caspi, A. (18 July 2003). "Influence of Life Stress on Depression: Moderation by a Polymorphism in the 5-HTT Gene". Science. ... or two copies of the short allele of the serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism exhibited higher rates of adult depression ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetic

Inbreeding depression[edit]. Factors influencing the litter size of puppies and the proportion of stillborn puppies per litter ... thus indicating inbreeding depression. It was also found that young and older dams had smaller litter sizes and more stillborn ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daschund

Elevation and depression[edit]. See also: List of elevators of the human body and List of depressors of the human body ... Depression refers to movement in an inferior direction, the opposite of elevation.[19] ... Other terms, such as elevation and depression, describe movement above or below the horizontal plane. Many anatomical terms ... The terms elevation and depression refer to movement above and below the horizontal. They derive from the Latin terms with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_motion

GAD and depression[edit]. In the National Comorbidity Survey (2005), 58 percent of patients diagnosed with major depression ... Generalized Anxiety and Depression Impact Survey II)". Depression and Anxiety. 25 (6): 506-513. doi:10.1002/da.20306.. ... Rif S. El-Mallakh; S. Nassir Ghaemi (2 April 2007). Bipolar Depression: A Comprehensive Guide. American Psychiatric Pub. p. 158 ... High rates in comorbidity of GAD and major depression led many commentators to suggest that GAD would be better conceptualized ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized_anxiety

Depression[edit]. At one extreme, people experiencing depression have the sense that their immortality project is failing. They ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Denial_of_Death

Depression[edit]. Social anhedonia is observed in both depression and schizophrenia. However, social anhedonia is a state ... Whether or not anhedonia is related to the high rates of depression in Parkinson's disease is unknown.[18] ... Rey G.; Jouvent R.; Dubal S. (2009). "Schizotypy, depression, and anxiety in physical and social anhedonia". Journal of ... People suffering from anhedonia in association with depression generally feel suicidal in the morning and better in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahedonia

Depression[edit]. Studies show that sleep restriction has some potential in the treatment of depression.[3] Those who suffer ... The study also found that rapid eye movement sleep (REM) deprivation may alleviate clinical depression because it mimics ... Wirz-Justice A, Van den Hoofdakker RH; Van Den Hoofdakker (August 1999). "Sleep deprivation in depression: what do we know, ... Riemann D, Berger M, Voderholzer U; Berger; Voderholzer (July-August 2001). "Sleep and depression - results from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep_deprivation

For anxiety and depression[edit]. In Canada, the LEAF (Living Effectively with Anxiety and Fear) Program is a peer-led support ... These findings suggest that peer support interventions have the potential to be effective components of depression care, and ... peer support interventions were found to improve depression symptoms more than usual care alone and results may be comparable ... "Efficacy of peer support interventions for depression: a meta-analysis" (PDF). General Hospital Psychiatry. 2011 (33): 29-36. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer_support

Mood and depression[edit]. Oxytocin produces antidepressant-like effects in animal models of depression,[81] and a deficit of ... McQuaid RJ, McInnis OA, Abizaid A, Anisman H (September 2014). "Making room for oxytocin in understanding depression". ... it may be involved in the pathophysiology of depression in humans.[82] The antidepressant-like effects of oxytocin are not ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxytocin

Tropical depression. Not specified. 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg). None. None. None. Gening. June 3 - 6. Tropical depression. 55 km/h ( ... Tropical depression. Not specified. 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg). None. None. None. TD. August 11. Tropical depression. Not specified ... Tropical depression. Not specified. 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg). Japan. None. None. 15W. August 14 - 20. Tropical depression. Not ... Tropical depression. Not specified. 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg). Vietnam. None. None. 28W. November 5 - 8. Tropical depression. 55 km ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoon_York_(Neneng)

Depression and dysphoria[edit]. Individuals in a current major depressive episode, a disorder characterized by social ... 2005). "Mental state decoding abilities in clinical depression". Journal of Affective Disorders. 86 (2-3): 247-58. doi:10.1016/ ... 2011). "Maternal history of depression is associated with enhanced theory of mind ability in depressed and non-depressed women ... The opposite pattern, enhanced theory of mind, is observed in individuals vulnerable to depression, including those individuals ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_Mind

Inbreeding depression caused by overdominance cannot be purged, but seems to be a minor cause of overall inbreeding depression ... The example of inbreeding depression due to recessive lethals[edit]. Average population fitness (. W. ) against number of ... increases (the inbreeding depression rate δ) depends on the frequencies and deleterious effects of the alleles present in the ... Then inbreeding depression occurs at a rate δ. , due to (partially) recessive deleterious alleles that were present at low ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_purging

Freezing-point depression[edit]. Main articles: Freezing-point depression and Supercooling. The freezing point of a solvent is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting_point?rdfrom=https://bsd.neuroinf.jp/w/index.php?title=Melting_point&redirect=no

Tropical Depression Vae[edit]. Typhoon Vae crossed over into the Indian Ocean in 1952. ... Fifteen depressions developed during the course of the 1960 season, with five becoming cyclonic storms. The majority of ... This system formed as a tropical depression in the southern Bay on December 5, strengthening into a tropical storm as it turned ... On October 27 a tropical depression formed in the Bay of Bengal. It tracked northward, steadily strengthening until reaching a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-1980_North_Indian_Ocean_cyclone_seasons

Depression[edit]. See also: List of investigational antidepressants. A few small trials have found benefits in people with ... Finzi E, Rosenthal NE (May 2014). "Treatment of depression with onabotulinumtoxinA: a randomized, double-blind, placebo ... depression.[108][109] Research is based on the facial feedback hypothesis.[110] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botulinum

"Depression Baby"[edit]. During the 1930s, the North American Car Company produced a one-of-a-kind, four-wheeled ice bunker ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refrigerator_car

Depression[edit]. Part of this section is transcluded from Neurobiological effects of physical exercise. (edit , history) ... Dinas PC, Koutedakis Y, Flouris AD (2011). "Effects of exercise and physical activity on depression". Ir J Med Sci. 180 (2): ... Cooney GM, Dwan K, Greig CA, Lawlor DA, Rimer J, Waugh FR, McMurdo M, Mead GE (September 2013). "Exercise for depression". ... A 2015 review of clinical evidence which included a medical guideline for the treatment of depression with exercise noted that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_exercise

The remnants traversed the Caribbean Sea, and re-developed into Tropical Depression Two on August 8. The depression ... Tropical depression 35 (55) 1009 None None None Jeanne September 13 - September 28 Category 3 hurricane 120 (195) 950 Leeward ... The depression headed westward between 21 and 29 mph (34 and 47 km/h) due to a strong subtropical ridge located to its north. ... The depression moved westward under a subtropical ridge and became Tropical Storm Karl later that day. On September 17, the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_2004_hurricanes

Psilocybin for Depression 2016[edit]. Based on the Beckley/Imperial Research Programme's psilocybin study brain imaging results ... LSD, psilocybin, and MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for conditions such as depression,[18] anxiety, addiction, and post-traumatic ... Results from the study, published in the Lancet Psychiatry Journal, showed that two doses of psilocybin lifted depression in ... "Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: An open-label feasibility study". The Lancet ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beckley_Foundation

... Dust storm in the Bodele Depression. This particular storm was blowing on the afternoon of 18 November 2004 ... a b c "Dust Storms from Africa's Bodélé Depression Archived October 5, 2006, at the Wayback Machine". Natural Hazards, Earth ... it is channeled across the depression. The dry bowl that forms the depression is marked by a series of ephemeral lakes, many of ... The Bodélé Depression (pronounced [bɔ.de.le]), located at the southern edge of the Sahara Desert in north central Africa, is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodele

Early on January 14 the system organized itself enough to be classified as a tropical depression. The next day the depression ... and became a depression on January 17. It remained a depression for the next three days. On January 19 Rita weakened to a ... The depression completed an elongated clockwise loop and continued to the southeast. The depression gradually deepened and by ... The storm had organized enough that by October 25 it was classified as a tropical depression by the JMA. Gradually intensifying ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoon_Lorna_

Inbreeding depression[edit]. Inbreeding depression is the reduced fitness and survival of offspring from closely related ... Outbreeding depression[edit]. Outbreeding depression is the reduced biological fitness in the offspring of distantly related ... Lynch, Michael (1991). "The genetic interpretation of inbreeding depression and outbreeding depression". Evolution. 1991 (3): ... Unlike inbreeding depression, outbreeding depression places emphasis on interactions between loci rather than within them.[48] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_ecology

Great Depression[edit]. In 1929 Anaconda Copper Mining Co. issued new stock and used some of the money to buy shares of ... The Great Depression took a toll in the mining industry; decline in demand led to the company making massive layoffs in both ... The end of World War II brought another depression in the copper industry because of a decline in demand after war production ... During the winter of 1932-33, as the Depression expanded, copper prices dropped to 10.3 cents per pound, down from an average ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaconda_Copper_Mining_Company

Depression[edit]. See also: Depressive realism. Clinically depressed patients tend to show less of a self-serving bias than ... Greenberg, Jeff; Pyszczynski, Tom; Burling, John; Tibbs, Karyn (1992). "Depression, self-focused attention, and the self- ... depression) considerations within the bias.[9][10] Much of the research on the self-serving bias has used participant self- ... "Neural correlates of depressive realism - An fMRI study on causal attribution in depression". Journal of Affective Disorders ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-serving_bias

Postpartum depression[edit]. Postpartum depression (also known as post-natal depression) is recognized in some countries as a ... Depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and medication side-effects are examples of conditions that may be taken into ... in the murder rates of major developed countries circa 1960 can be attributed to low birth rates during the Great Depression ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murderer

... youll want to learn more about what depression is, what causes it, and what you can do to help. ... Depression is the most common mental health disorder in the U.S. If you think your child is depressed, ... Bipolar disorder (also called manic depression or bipolar depression) is a condition that includes episodes of major depression ... When kids have depression, its hard for them to make an effort, even when doing things they used to enjoy. Depression can make ...

http://kidshealth.org/en/parents/understanding-depression.html

Sign up for ADAAs Monthly Free e-Newsletter featuring helpful resources about anxiety, depression and co-occurring disorders. ... Proceeds for all merchandise purchases directly supports our mission to help prevent, treat, and cure anxiety, depression, OCD ... Search our directory of ADAA mental health professional members who specialize in anxiety, depression and co-occurring ... depression, OCD, PTSD, and co-occurring disorders through education, practice, and research. ...

https://adaa.org/tips-manage-anxiety-and-stress

... depression is the yin to anxietys yang. Between these two troublemakers, theyve got dark clouds hanging over both the past ... Did not know there were so many ways that could help with depression Best thing i found for treating depression was martial ... 42 thoughts on "7 Alternative Therapies for Depression" Leave a Reply Cancel reply. Your email address will not be published. ... Depression hits me in waves, but Im mostly drowning in anxiety. Im doing several of the above anyway, but Im somewhat ...

https://www.marksdailyapple.com/7-alternative-therapies-for-depression/

Depression is a serious mental illness characterized by a low mood, loneliness, lack of energy, and sleep problems. It is ... A science-based guide to depression symptoms, resources, quizzes, and treatment information. ... What is Depression?. Clinical depression goes by many names, such as "the blues," biological or clinical depression, and a ... Whats Depression Feel Like?. "[If there was] certainty that an acute episode [of depression] will last only a week, a month, ...

https://psychcentral.com/disorders/depression/

Glacial valley: a depression carved by erosion by a glacier.. *River valley: a depression carved by fluvial erosion by a river. ... In geology, a depression is a landform sunken or depressed below the surrounding area. Depressions form by various mechanisms. ... Sinkhole: a depression formed as a result of the collapse of rocks lying above a hollow. This is common in karst regions. ... Blowout: a depression created by wind erosion typically in either a partially vegetated sand dune ecosystem or dry soils (such ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depression_%28geology%29

The Greek people have just lived through a Depression as deep as the Great Depression and considerably longer. It is now the ... The Greek people have just lived through a Depression as deep as the Great Depression and considerably longer. It is now the ... Fortunately, the Greatest Depression may now have run its course. The Greek economy grew by 1.4% in 2017, and the IMF projects ... Fortunately, the Greatest Depression may now have run its course. The Greek economy grew by 1.4% in 2017, and the IMF projects ...

https://www.forbes.com/sites/francescoppola/2018/07/31/the-greatest-depression/

... Depression is a medical condition which effects 10 percent of people in Britain at some time of their ... Depression can be a very isolating condition and I know that it can be very difficult to find the nerve to seek out help. If ... It is an all too common myth that Depression is simply all in the mind and if you feel low you just need to snap out of it, ... Depression is defined as:. "Psychol. a state of extreme dejection or morbidly excessive melancholy; a mood of hopelessness and ...

http://www.angelfire.com/tn/teendepression/index.html

Bodélé Depression. Dust storm in the Bodele Depression. This particular storm was blowing on the afternoon of 18 November 2004 ... a b c "Dust Storms from Africas Bodélé Depression Archived October 5, 2006, at the Wayback Machine". Natural Hazards, Earth ... it is channeled across the depression. The dry bowl that forms the depression is marked by a series of ephemeral lakes, many of ... The Bodélé Depression (pronounced [bɔ.de.le]), located at the southern edge of the Sahara Desert in north central Africa, is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodele

mpoweruniversity****/panicattacks/ offer severe depression info for those who may be suffering from anxiety attacks or panic ... mpoweruniversity****/panicattacks/ offer severe depression info for those who may be suffering from anxiety attacks or panic ... mpoweruniversity****/panicattacks/ offer severe depression info for those who may be suffering from ... ...

https://www.metacafe.com/watch/2689756/sever_depression/

Depression refers to a period of sustained economic decline and contraction where employment and production plummet ... What Is a Depression? A depression is a severe and prolonged downturn in economic activity. In economics, a depression is ... Depression Explained A depression is a sustained and severe recession. Whereas a recession is a normal part of the business ... How a Depression Affected the United States Economy The Great Depression began shortly after the Oct. 24, 1929, U.S. stock ...

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/depression.asp

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Hamilton, M. (1986). The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. In N. Sartorius & T. A. Ban (Eds.), Assessment of depression. ... Abramson, L. H., Metalsky, G. I., & Alloy, L. B. (1989). Hopelessness depression: A theory based subtype of depression. ... Hickie, C., & Snowdon, J. (1987). Depression scales in the elderly: Geriatric Depression Scale Gilleard, Zung. Clinical ... Zung, W. W. K. (1965). A self-rating depression scale. Archives of General Psychiatry, 12 63-70.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4899-0130-9_10

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Depression in Older Adults Many of the changes faced by older adults can lead to depression. However, depression is not a ... Depression-Screening Test If you think you are experiencing symptoms of clinical depression, this confidential depression ... Talk to a Doctor About Depression Depression is a real illness. Most people with depression feel better when they get treatment ... NIH SeniorHealth: Depression FAQ How are older adults affected by depression? What should I do if I think I am depressed? How ...

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These slides depicts all about adolescent depression and its prevalence that widely spreads across our little red dot and ... What Is Teen Depression? How Do We Address The Stigma Attached To Teen Depression? What Are The Symptoms Of Teen Depression? ... What Is Teen Depression? How Do We Address The Stigma Attached To Teen Depression? What are the symptoms of teen depression? ... What Is Teen Depression? How Do We Address The Stigma Attached To Teen Depression? What are the symptoms of teen depression? ...

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2000); C. P. Kindleberger, The World in Depression (1973); G. H. Elder, Jr., Children of the Great Depression (1974, upd. ed. ... Although it shared the basic characteristics of other such crises (see depression), the Great Depression was unprecedented in ... 1982); F. L. Allen, Since Yesterday: The 1930s in America (1940); D. Wecter, The Age of the Great Depression (1948, repr. 1956 ... 1998); B. Eichengreen, Golden Fetters: The Gold Standard and the Great Depression, 1919-1939 (1996); D. M. Kennedy, Freedom ...

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A person who has depression cant control his or her feelings. ... Depression is a mood disorder that affects people of all ages ... What is depression?. When doctors talk about depression, they mean the medical illness called major depression. Someone who has ... Left untreated, depression can last for weeks, months, or even years.. Is depression more common in women than in men?. Yes. ... Depression in Older Adults. Depression is a common problem in older adults, but it is not part of the aging process. Learn how… ...

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Postnatal depression is a type of depression that many parents experience after having a baby. Its a common problem, affecting ... postnatal depression is less severe than other types of depression - in fact, its as serious as other types of depression ... Postnatal depression is a type of depression that many parents experience after having a baby. ... postnatal depression will soon pass - unlike the baby blues, postnatal depression can persist for months if left untreated ...

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T]he conviction that it will never end except in death - that is the definition of a severe depression. (psychcentral.com)
At its mildest, you may simply feel persistently low in spirit, while severe depression can make you feel suicidal, that life is no longer worth living. (www.nhs.uk)
Your recommended treatment will be based on whether you have mild, moderate or severe depression. (www.nhs.uk)
For moderate to severe depression, a combination of talking therapy and antidepressants is often recommended. (www.nhs.uk)
If you have severe depression, you may be referred to a specialist mental health team for intensive specialist talking treatments and prescribed medicine. (www.nhs.uk)
Additionally, for moderate or severe depression, sometimes medications can be helpful. (nih.gov)
However, around half of women suffering from severe depression during pregnancy go on to develop postnatal depression. (netdoctor.co.uk)
If you have severe depression, you may not be able to do any of the daily tasks you need to do. (acog.org)
Most people get better with treatment - even people who have severe depression. (healthfinder.gov)
alcohol use compound poor decision making and significantly increase the risk of suicide and a person with severe depression and suicidal thoughts might actually comit suicide under the influence of alcohol which may never have occurred while sober. (answers.com)
At its worst, severe depression can end in suicide. (abc.net.au)

But when negative feelings and thoughts linger for a long time and limit a child's ability to function normally, it might be depression. (kidshealth.org)
Because depression can show up in different ways and might be hard to see, it helps to let a doctor know if feelings of sadness or bad moods seem to go on for a few weeks. (kidshealth.org)
A person who has depression can't control his or her feelings. (familydoctor.org)
Feelings of depression don't go away and can interfere with your everyday life. (breastcancer.org)
It can be useful to challenge negative thinking that feeds depression - talking out thoughts and feelings can be useful. (warwick.ac.uk)
Feelings of postpartum depression are more intense and last longer than those of "baby blues," a term used to describe the worry, sadness, and tiredness many women experience after having a baby. (cdc.gov)
Limit your drinking, since excessive drinking will only increase your feelings of depression . (webmd.com)
First, a definition: People suffering from clinical depression experience feelings of overwhelming sadness, guilt and worthlessness and don't find pleasure in their daily lives. (latimes.com)
Depression , in psychology , a mood or emotional state that is marked by feelings of low self-worth or guilt and a reduced ability to enjoy life. (britannica.com)
Postpartum depression is longer-lasting and more severe than the "baby blues," a common condition among women after childbirth that typically involves mood swings, feelings of sadness, and crying spells. (britannica.com)
Although many factors can trigger depression, most often, depression is caused by the suppression of feelings. (selfgrowth.com)
Try our all-natural neurotransmitter support crème for feelings of anxiety, depression, and sleeplessness that helps promote an overall sense of well being. (selfgrowth.com)
But depression is a medical condition, where a person has negative feelings that will not go away and it affects their life. (bbc.co.uk)
If the feelings are interfering with your life and don't go away after a couple of weeks - or if they come back, over and over again - then it could be that you're experiencing depression. (bbc.co.uk)
For many however, feelings of depression can go untreated or ignored because the signs aren't known. (ibtimes.com)
Postpartum depression is when these feelings don't go away after about 2 weeks or make it hard for a woman to take care of her baby. (kidshealth.org)
Persistent negative thoughts and feelings are common for people with depression. (medicinenet.com)
The symptoms are depression, anxiety, lack of interest in the baby, and feelings of inadequacy and incompetence as a mother. (encyclopedia.com)
Postnatal depression differs from a depressive state in the strict sense, in that anxiety and the mother's feelings of inadequacy it produces often dominate the picture. (encyclopedia.com)
As such, it's use will not clinically worsen depression, though feelings of shame created while by actions undertaken while under the influence can cause temporary increase in symptoms. (answers.com)

Clinical depression goes by many names, such as "the blues," biological or clinical depression, and a major depressive episode. (psychcentral.com)
Clinical depression is different from normal sadness - like when you lose a loved one, experience a relationship breakup, or get laid off from work - as it usually consumes a person in their day-to-day living. (psychcentral.com)
According to the National Institute of Mental Health and countless research studies over the past six decades, clinical depression is readily treated with short-term, goal-oriented psychotherapy and modern antidepressant medications. (psychcentral.com)
Untreated clinical depression and other mental illnesses can result in serious consequences for individuals, families, and society. (rand.org)
Family reports of patients' experiences with pain, difficult breathing, and depression near the end of life suggest strategies at the clinical and population level for assessing and managing symptoms. (rand.org)
A collaborative care model that tailors care to a patient's characteristics and clinical complexity could improve care for PTSD and depression. (rand.org)
4. Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study The Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study evaluated feasible treatment strategies to improve clinical outcomes for real-world patients with treatment-resistant depression. (slideshare.net)
tags: researchblogging.org, bipolar disorder, manic-depressive illness, unipolar depressive disorder, clinical depression, seasonal affective disorder, SAD, circadian clock, light therapy "Starry Night" (1889) is an oil painting by Dutch post-impressionist artist Vincent van Gogh. (scienceblogs.com)
Clinical techniques and detailed case studies illustrate counseling with clients experiencing a range of problems, including depression, substance abuse, grief, morbid jealousy and trichotillomania. (counseling.org)
It succinctly details the signs and symptoms of clinical depression, as well as the process of diagnosis and the different subtypes, including major depression, dysthymia, manic depression disorders, and seasonal affective disorder. (google.com)
Even though many kids don't "qualify" for the clinical diagnosis of depression, they have some of the problems that "truly depressed" people have--such as sadness, self-criticism, and the inability to enjoy their lives. (huffingtonpost.com)
For this state of mind to be termed clinical depression, symptoms must persist for at least two weeks. (latimes.com)
The most important thing to remember is that, unlike with normal sadness, there doesn't need to be a "reason"to have clinical depression . (webmd.com)
But genetics don't fully explain why clinical depression occurs. (webmd.com)
Grief after the death of a friend or loved one is a normal emotion, but like all forms of loss, it can sometimes lead to clinical depression . (webmd.com)
The three main types are bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder (clinical depression), and persistent depressive disorder. (britannica.com)
Researchers at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found that men with diagnosed sleep apnea are more than twice as likely as other men to exhibit signs of clinical depression, such as feeling hopeless and uninterested in everyday activities. (cnn.com)
1997). Postpartum blues: A clinical syndrome and predictor of postnatal depression. (encyclopedia.com)
Clinical psychiatrist Michael Baigent, a beyondblue board member, said it was highly unlikely someone could be ''talked into'' depression, and cautioned against overemphasising the social contagion effect. (smh.com.au)
It's a normal human experience to be affected by the moods of other people from time to time, but there's a difference between clinical depression and a transitory short-term state of thinking which you would expect someone would spontaneously come out of,'' he said. (smh.com.au)
To shed some light on this, the researchers examined the clinical data of 134 study participants, half of whom doctors had recently diagnosed with depression. (medicalnewstoday.com)
At one point or another most people talk of feeling depressed, but there's a big difference between 'feeling blue' and clinical depression. (abc.net.au)
In reality, everyone is vulnerable to depression: in Australia one in four women and one in six men will experience an episode of clinical depression during their lifetime, and an estimated 6 per cent of Australian adults are affected by a depressive illness. (abc.net.au)
Twin studies have found that genetics increase the risk of developing clinical depression by roughly 40 per cent. (abc.net.au)
How do you distinguish between clinical, "capital D" depression and the common old blues? (abc.net.au)
One area of recent controversy around the diagnosis of clinical depression is related to grief that follows the recent death of a loved one. (abc.net.au)

Depression has human costs that we all know of: sadness, sense of isolation, feeling like a burden, inability to enjoy life, and--for 35,000 people every year--suicide (Joiner, 2010). (huffingtonpost.com)
Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. (nih.gov)
In reality, depression is more akin to a feeling of numbness than a feeling of sadness. (abc.net.au)

Therapists treat depression and other mood disorders with talk therapy, sometimes medicine, or both. (kidshealth.org)
looked at the different brain areas affected by four different areas targeted in psychosurgeries meant to treat depression. (wired.com)
It often makes their condition worse by causing or worsening mood symptoms or interfering with the effects of medications prescribed to treat depression. (webmd.com)
Have you ever wondered which supplements or vitamins are used to treat depression? (bellaonline.com)
This program provides an objective method to diagnose and treat depression and bipolar disorder with measurement based pharmacology. (apple.com)
While there is no specific food that can prevent or treat depression, a healthy diet may help boost your mood. (medicinenet.com)
There are different ways to treat depression, including therapy and medicine. (healthfinder.gov)

Like all kinds of depression, postpartum depression is treatable. (plannedparenthood.org)
The good news is that postpartum depression is treatable. (plannedparenthood.org)
Even in the most severe cases, depression is highly treatable. (psychologytoday.com)
Depression during and after pregnancy is common and treatable. (cdc.gov)
The important point is to make that first contact since this type of depression is readily treatable. (netdoctor.co.uk)
As well, many do not recognize that depression is treatable. (psychcentral.com)
Postpartum depression is treatable. (kidshealth.org)
Depression is treatable. (medicinenet.com)

When depression is severe, it can lead kids to think about self-harm or suicide . (kidshealth.org)
books.google.com - Two dozen papers trace threads through the maze of questions surrounding patients whose depression does not respond to therapy, and who therefore contribute substantially to physicians' cases of morbidity and attempted and accomplished suicide. (google.com)
People with depression have a higher risk of substance abuse problems and dying by suicide than the general population. (medlineplus.gov)
This wallet card lists the warning signs of depression and suicide that may occur after a traumatic event. (healthfinder.gov)
This brief summary describes the causes and treatment of depression and risk factors and prevention of suicide in adults and children who have cancer. (healthfinder.gov)
Thoughts of suicide are common in people with depression. (familydoctor.org)
The risk of suicide is higher if you don't get help for your depression. (familydoctor.org)
When depression is successfully treated, the thoughts of suicide will go away. (familydoctor.org)
Support for those dealing with suicide, depression or emotional distress - particularly teenagers and young adults. (itv.com)
Arango V, Underwood MD, Mann JJ (2002) Serotonin brain circuits involved in major depression and suicide. (springer.com)
Bach-Mizrachi H, Underwood MD, Kassir SA, Bakalian MJ, Sibille E, Tamir H, Mann JJ, Arango V (2006) Neuronal tryptophan hydroxylase mRNA expression in the human dorsal and median raphe nuclei: major depression and suicide. (springer.com)
Understanding Depression: The Suicide Connection" will air in the Twin Cities on Saturdays at 12:30 p.m. on KSTP-TV beginning Feb. 28. (minnpost.com)

Depression affects more than a person's mood. (kidshealth.org)
Most of all, depression affects how people think and feel about themselves. (kidshealth.org)
Depression (also known as major depression or major depressive disorder) is a psychiatric disorder that affects mood, behavior, and overall health. (medlineplus.gov)
In people with schizoaffective disorder , depression or another mood disorder occurs together with features of schizophrenia (a brain disorder that affects a person's thinking, sense of self, and perceptions). (medlineplus.gov)
Depression affects people in different ways and can cause a wide variety of symptoms. (www.nhs.uk)
Depression is a disabling illness that affects about 15% to 25% of cancer patients. (healthfinder.gov)
When we think about what causes major depression, we know that's it's a brain disorder that affects circuits and chemistry. (nih.gov)
As much as we might try to deny it, depression affects us throughout our lives either on a personal level or indirectly through family and friends. (amazonaws.com)
In the US, depression affects nearly 17 million adults but these numbers are gross underestimates as many have not even come to medical attention. (nih.gov)
Postnatal depression affects more women than you may think. (netdoctor.co.uk)
Learn how the fatty acid omega-3 affects your brain & your depression. (bellaonline.com)
Depression is an illness where a person feels negative for a long period of time and it affects their life. (bbc.co.uk)
Depression affects people in different ways, depending on who they are and how strongly they are experiencing the illness. (bbc.co.uk)
Depression affects different people in different ways. (bbc.co.uk)
Depression is a serious condition that affects how one thinks, feels, and reacts to daily life. (medicinenet.com)
According to recent estimates, depression affects over 300 million people worldwide, and at least 16 million people in the United States. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Depression affects far more people than some may realize. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The short answer is that depression becomes an 'illness' when it's severe, it persists for two weeks or more, and it affects someone's ability to function at work and home. (abc.net.au)

According to the National Institute of Mental Health, risk factors for depression can include a family history of mood disorders, major life changes, trauma, other physical diseases (such as cancer), and even certain medications. (psychcentral.com)
Medications, talk therapy, exercise, cognitive and dialectical behavioral therapy, and other therapies all have proven to be successful treatments for the majority of people with depression. (ncsl.org)
Healthcare providers can talk to mothers about treatment options for depression including medications and non-pharmacological options (e.g., individual or group therapy) and assist mothers in accessing professional breastfeeding support as needed. (cdc.gov)
Some pain medications, especially opiates, can cause depression. (breastcancer.org)
Better insurance coverage of mental health services and the explosion of new medications for depression since the introduction of Prozac in 1987 have helped fuel the rise in treatment rates. (latimes.com)
Steer clear of alcohol and especially illegal drugs, which can interfere with depression medications and alter your mood-and not in a good way. (amazonaws.com)
Certain medications and health conditions, such as an infection or a thyroid disorder, can cause symptoms similar to depression. (acog.org)
Depression is treated with psychotherapy , medications called antidepressants , or both. (acog.org)
Do you believe that the only effective treatments for depression are prescription medications? (bellaonline.com)
Information is provided about medications, side effects and resistant depression. (apple.com)
Medications for the treatment of symptoms of depression are listed, as well as correct dosages are listed to help aid the mental health professional. (apple.com)
People can manage bipolar-related depression using medications, therapies, and other treatments. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Some prescription medications can increase the risk of depression. (abc.net.au)

States have taken specific actions to address depression and major depressive disorders, from supporting awareness campaigns and establishing crisis diagnosis and treatment centers, to creating education and awareness campaigns. (ncsl.org)
The proportion of students, nationally, with a previous diagnosis of depression increased from 10% to 15% between 2000 and 2005. (nyu.edu)
Early diagnosis and treatment helps keep depression from getting worse or lasting a long time. (familydoctor.org)
This site provides information on depression, depression diagnosis and treatment. (selfgrowth.com)
The picture was even worse among women: A sleep apnea diagnosis increased the risk of depression symptoms fivefold. (cnn.com)
This app is packed full of information on the diagnosis and treatment of different types of depression. (apple.com)
A doctor or psychologist usually diagnosis a woman with postpartum depression based on her symptoms. (kidshealth.org)
If someone in your immediate family has been diagnosed with depression or bipolar disorder (manic depression), you are two to three times more likely to have a similar diagnosis yourself. (abc.net.au)

When diagnosing depression and similar mood disorders, doctors and mental health professionals use different categories. (kidshealth.org)
Search our directory of ADAA mental health professional members who specialize in anxiety, depression and co-occurring disorders. (adaa.org)
In addition, 64 percent of jail inmates have a mental health problem, including depression, according to the Bureau of Justice Statistics in the U.S. Department of Justice. (ncsl.org)
Military members who visited a primary care clinic while suffering from PTSD and depression reported fewer symptoms and better mental health functioning a year after enrolling in a treatment program that included specially trained care managers and telephone therapy options. (rand.org)
Film, plays, books, and art can provide us with window into the world of a person coping with chronic depression and associated mental health illnesses. (columbia.edu)
Although depression is considered primarily a mental health disorder, it can also have physical features including headaches, other unexplained aches and pains, unusually slow or fast movements, and digestive problems. (medlineplus.gov)
In a 2005 study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, researchers assessed trends in prevalence and treatment of mental health (not just depression) from two large, national surveys -- 5,388 adult participants in 1990-92 and 4,319 in 2001-03. (latimes.com)
One 2005 study in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior found that volunteering had a beneficial effect on depression among older adults, and preliminary findings conducted at the Institute of Psychiatry at King's College, London, suggest a "strong link" between volunteering and recovery from mental health problems, with about 85% of participants reporting positive outcomes after volunteering. (amazonaws.com)
In this 4-part series, health expert Gary Null, Ph.D., examines the truths and misconceptions about mental health in America, and natural and healthy alternatives for overcoming depression and anxiety. (selfgrowth.com)
Emerging from Broken delivers a powerful message of hope to those who have struggled with mental health issues such as all forms of depression, dissociated identity, physical, sexual, psychological and emotional abuse. (selfgrowth.com)
Newsround spoke to an expert on mental health from the charity Mind, Stephen Buckley, to find out more about depression, what causes it and what you can do if you're worried that it's something that's affecting you. (bbc.co.uk)
It also includes questionnaires that mental health professionals can use to help diagnose and treat potential patients with depression. (apple.com)

Raise student awareness of the impact of anxiety and depression on their ability to learn, function, and succeed. (nyu.edu)
Educate university staff and faculty about the impact of anxiety and depression on learning outcomes, ability to function, and student success. (nyu.edu)
What's more, stressful experiences can make the symptoms of anxiety and depression additionally severe. (amazonaws.com)
At the end of the summer, Selena Gomez announced she would be taking a break from music to deal with problems with anxiety and depression, as they can sometimes come together. (bbc.co.uk)

Psychotherapy of depression]. (nih.gov)
Specific psychotherapies for depression are in particular cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), to a less extent short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) and client centred psychotherapy (CCPT). (nih.gov)

I used to suffer from depression , but now I'm mostly content with my life. (wiktionary.org)
Medical studies estimate that 1 in 4 women and 1 in 10 men suffer from depression at some time in their lives. (google.com)
Also about 5% of children have had symptoms suffer symptoms of depression. (google.com)
People who suffer from depression describe the experience as a feeling of isolation, a feeling of being cut off from the people around them, almost of being "emotionally underwater", of losing interest in physical contact and in sexual relationships, and of excessive worry. (columbia.edu)
Students who suffer from depression or anxiety can experience many adverse effects on their academic and social lives and, consequently, are more likely to drop out of school or achieve lower grade-point averages. (nyu.edu)
9. Depression is the No. 1 cause of disability worldwide Approximately 350 million people from all ages suffer from depression. (slideshare.net)
Nineteen percent of Americans will suffer from depression at some time during their lives. (huffingtonpost.com)
Children or adults who suffer from depression have lower incomes, lower educational attainment and fewer days working each year. (huffingtonpost.com)
People who suffer from depression end up with six-tenths of a year less schooling, an 11 percent decrease in the probability of getting married, and a loss (on average) of $10,400 per year in income by age 50 (Smith & Smith, 2010). (huffingtonpost.com)
We believe our members are helped when they share their problems with fellow sufferers, because they understand, better than any non-depressed professional or carer can ever do, what it really feels like to suffer from depression. (itv.com)
A person who experiences alternating states of depression and mania (abnormal elevation of mood) or hypomania (distinct, though not necessarily abnormal, elevation of mood) is said to suffer from bipolar disorder. (britannica.com)
Most employees that suffer untreated depression are doing so because they fear retribution or loss of their job if they report their problems. (psychcentral.com)
Many people suffer from depression - it's nothing to be ashamed of. (healthfinder.gov)

Chronic depression (also called dysthymia) is a milder depression that has developed more gradually, and has lasted for 2 years or longer. (kidshealth.org)
Some physical illnesses, such as cancer, thyroid disease, and chronic pain, are also associated with an increased risk of developing depression. (medlineplus.gov)
Anything you can do to keep them within their proper bounds will reduce your risks of chronic disease and also, it now appears, protect you from depression. (huffingtonpost.com)
Doctors say the wider recognition of depression as a chronic, recurring disease has helped people in need get necessary and helpful treatment. (latimes.com)
Debbie Denny claimed 45 years out of her 60 years she had suffered from chronic depression. (amazonaws.com)
Neurodegenerative diseases (especially Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease), stroke, multiple sclerosis, seizure disorders, cancer, macular degeneration, and chronic pain have been associated with higher rates of depression. (nih.gov)
Alcohol and drug problems and chronic (long-lasting) pelvic pain also can occur with depression. (acog.org)

People going through depression often feel alone. (kidshealth.org)
A charity helping people living with manic depression or bipolar disorder. (www.nhs.uk)
The result is a suite of antidepressant drugs that may be effective in treating certain aspects of depression in certain people, but which also present a suite of their own often-debilitating problems. (marksdailyapple.com)
The Greek people have just lived through a Depression as deep as the Great Depression and considerably longer. (forbes.com)
Some lawmakers are also working to ensure that people have access to the drugs they need to treat their depression. (ncsl.org)
About 1 in 9 postpartum people experience symptoms of postpartum depression. (plannedparenthood.org)
Lots of people deal with postpartum depression - it's a very common experience. (plannedparenthood.org)
Depression is an illness that increasingly afflicts people worldwide, interfering with concentration , motivation , and many other aspects of everyday functioning. (psychologytoday.com)
Research with brain-imaging technologies, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), shows that the brains of people who have depression look different than those of people without depression. (psychologytoday.com)
People with depression cannot merely "pull themselves together" and get better. (psychologytoday.com)
There is some evidence that, painful as depression is, it serves a positive purpose, bringing with it ways of thinking that force people to focus on problems as a prelude to solving them. (psychologytoday.com)
People with depression may also have changes in appetite (leading to overeating or not eating enough), changes in sleeping patterns (sleeping too much or not being able to sleep), loss of energy, and difficulty concentrating. (medlineplus.gov)
Researchers suspect that studies with many more people will be required to pinpoint the genetic variations that influence the risk of depression. (medlineplus.gov)
Some people think depression is trivial and not a genuine health condition. (www.nhs.uk)
The good news is that with the right treatment and support, most people with depression can make a full recovery. (www.nhs.uk)
Many people with depression also have symptoms of anxiety . (www.nhs.uk)
Many people wait a long time before seeking help for depression, but it's best not to delay. (www.nhs.uk)
People with a family history of depression are more likely to experience it themselves. (www.nhs.uk)
Many people with depression benefit by making lifestyle changes, such as getting more exercise , cutting down on alcohol , giving up smoking and eating healthily . (www.nhs.uk)
59% of NYU students demonstrating symptoms of depression reported that problems resulting from these symptoms had made it difficult forthem to do their schoolwork, take care of things at home, or get along with other people. (nyu.edu)
Most people with depression feel better when they get treatment. (healthfinder.gov)
The economic, agricultural, and relief policies of the New Deal administration under President Franklin Delano Roosevelt did a great deal to mitigate the effects of the depression and, most importantly, to restore a sense of confidence to the American people. (infoplease.com)
Depression can affect people of all ages and is different for every person. (familydoctor.org)
More than 20 million people in the United States have depression each year. (breastcancer.org)
Most people do recover from depression. (warwick.ac.uk)
People with symptoms of depression are 2.17 times more likely to take sick days (Adler, et al. (huffingtonpost.com)
Depression is a lifelong vulnerability for millions of people. (huffingtonpost.com)
In this short webinar, I'll be talking a little bit about major depression-what it is, how frequently we see it in young people, signs and symptoms, and next steps if you think someone you care about may be experiencing depression. (nih.gov)
People who are elderly are at higher risk of depression. (webmd.com)
Trauma such as violence or physical or emotional abuse -- whether it's early in life or more recent -- can trigger depression in people who are biologically vulnerable to it. (webmd.com)
Unfortunately, 50% of people who have one major episode of depression will relapse, and the likelihood goes up if you've had more than one episode, says Eve A. Feeling overwhelmed creates stress, and stress is a risk factor for depression, says Nancy Irwin, PsyD, author of You-Turn: Changing Direction in Midlife. (amazonaws.com)
In fact, a 2005 study published in the journal American Psychologist found that people who performed daily gratitude exercises, such as making a list of three good things in their life, had lower levels of depression. (amazonaws.com)
In fact, a 2009 study published in The American Journal of Psychiatry found that people 65 and older with a history of depression were at greatest risk of developing major depression if they believed they had poor social support. (amazonaws.com)
Many people don't want to talk about depression because they think they should be able to handle it on their own, or don't want to burden others. (amazonaws.com)
Provides information and support to people affected by depression in Ireland and Northern Ireland. (itv.com)
Because of false perceptions, nearly 60% of people with depression do not seek medical help. (nih.gov)
however, depression can occur in people without family histories of depression. (nih.gov)
Are there people in your life who don´t take your depression seriously? (bellaonline.com)
This group, too, had a threefold higher risk of depression compared to people who had no trouble breathing at night. (cnn.com)
Sleep disruption, particularly insomnia, can be a risk factor for developing depression, and a lot of symptoms of people who have sleep apnea -- they feel lousy, they can't think straight -- are similar to symptoms people have in depression. (cnn.com)
Studies have shown that people with higher levels of antioxidant carotenoids were less likely to have symptoms of depression. (medicinenet.com)
People who have higher total intakes of vitamin B12 from foods were found less likely to have depression. (medicinenet.com)
Not all people with depression experience all of these symptoms. (medicinenet.com)
Depression is different from anxiety disorders, but some people have symptoms of both conditions. (medicinenet.com)
For some people, bipolar disorder can cause episodes of depression. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Bipolar disorder is a lifelong condition, but people can manage the symptoms of depression and mania and prevent complications with treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Over 60 percent of U.S. individuals living with depression have experienced severe impairment as a result, and up to 30 percent of people living with depression do not find relief in existing treatments. (medicalnewstoday.com)
It means people often fail to recognise the symptoms of depression, and don't get treatment for it. (abc.net.au)
For example, having an under-active thyroid gland can contribute to depression, and research shows that people who've had a heart attack, stroke, cancer, or diabetes, for example, have higher than average rates of depression. (abc.net.au)
A history of abuse or childhood deprivation can also predispose people to depression. (abc.net.au)
People who are prone to worrying and feeling anxious, the extremely shy, those who engage in negative self-talk or people who are extremely sensitive are all more likely to experience depression. (abc.net.au)

Depression is a type of mood disorder. (kidshealth.org)
If the doctor thinks your child has depression, or a similar mood disorder, he or she may refer you to a specialist for evaluation and treatment. (kidshealth.org)
Depression is a serious mood disorder that may last for weeks or months at a time. (cdc.gov)
Depression is a mood disorder affecting emotional, somatic, and cognitive domains. (springer.com)
Depression is an illness characterized as a mood disorder. (medicinenet.com)

The Great Depression began shortly after the Oct. 24, 1929, U.S. stock market crash known as Black Thursday. (investopedia.com)
The United States was already in a recession, and the following Tuesday, on Oct. 29, 1929, the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 12% in another mass sell-off, triggering the start of the Great Depression. (investopedia.com)
Although the Great Depression began in the United States, the economic impact was felt worldwide for more than a decade. (investopedia.com)
The Great Depression was characterized by a drop in consumer spending and investment, and by catastrophic unemployment, poverty, hunger, and political unrest. (investopedia.com)
With the Great Depression that struck the U.S., some of the contributing issues included policies that, after the stock market crash, led to deflation that kept the dollar down and made some consumers refrain from spending because they believed even lower prices would be coming. (investopedia.com)
What Was the Great Depression? (investopedia.com)
The Great Depression was a devastating and prolonged economic recession that had several contributing factors. (investopedia.com)
The Emergency Banking Act 0f 1933 was a bill passed to restore investor confidence and stabilize banks in the wake of the Great Depression. (investopedia.com)
The New Deal was a series of domestic programs designed to help the United States economy emerge from the Great Depression. (investopedia.com)
The Great Depression was the worst financial event in US history. (wiktionary.org)
Great Depression, in U.S. history, the severe economic crisis generally considered to have been precipitated by the U.S. stock-market crash of 1929. (infoplease.com)
Although it shared the basic characteristics of other such crises (see depression ), the Great Depression was unprecedented in its length and in the wholesale poverty and tragedy it inflicted on society. (infoplease.com)
D. Wecter, The Age of the Great Depression (1948, repr. (infoplease.com)
S. Terkel, Hard Times: An Oral History of the Great Depression (1970, repr. (infoplease.com)
The Great Depression that began in 1929, for example, was the most widespread depression in the 20th century. (britannica.com)
For Mildred, a professional woman around sixty years of age, Great Depression II has started. (thenation.com)

Personally I feel that you cannot really explain what depression is in dictionary terms, it is not the kind of illness where there are straightforward physically noticeable symptoms. (angelfire.com)
Some 15 million Americans a year struggle with depression, an illness that comes in many forms-from major depression and seasonal affective disorder , to dysthymia and bipolar disorder . (psychologytoday.com)
The world of a person with depression can be shrouded in despair, forcing retreats from humanity, so for someone with a disabling depressive illness to pick medicine as a career, with all its emotional and physical demands, is an unusual move. (bmj.com)
Families and friends benefit by learning about the illness of depression, and understanding what is not in their control and how they can be supportive. (columbia.edu)
Depression is a real illness. (healthfinder.gov)
When doctors talk about depression, they mean the medical illness called major depression. (familydoctor.org)
Depression, however, is a common psychiatric illness that must be identified and treated in the. (google.com)
To find one near you, check out the National Alliance on Mental Illness or the Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance. (amazonaws.com)
Other factors can contribute to the development of depression during pregnancy, such as a family or personal history of depression, relationship difficulties and pre-existing mental illness (especially if medication has been discontinued during pregnancy). (netdoctor.co.uk)
Depression is a common but serious illness. (acog.org)
Depression is a life-altering illness which can also be life threatening. (bellaonline.com)
Depression is an illness which makes a person have negative emotions for a very long time. (bbc.co.uk)
Whingeing workmates and fed-up friends may be making you sick, according to researchers who say depression could be a contagious illness transmitted through social networks. (smh.com.au)
In the last decade there has been a significant effort to boost public awareness of mood disorders especially depression and provide support for those affected by the illness. (abc.net.au)

Depression and other mood disorders can get better with the right attention and care. (kidshealth.org)
Sign up for ADAA's Monthly Free e-Newsletter featuring helpful resources about anxiety, depression and co-occurring disorders. (adaa.org)
Depression and other depressive disorders, which are common mental illnesses, affect about 6.7 percent of American adults each year, and approximately 10 percent of adolescents age 12 to 17 had a major depressive episode in 2013. (ncsl.org)
RAND research seeks to optimize the use of effective treatments for depression whether in a primary care setting or by psychiatric professionals, and to understand the impact of depressive disorders on various populations, including new mothers, teens, substance abusers, and those with other illnesses such as HIV/AIDS or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). (rand.org)
If I remember correctly, Mayberg's long analysis did not find so - and other efforts to treat OCD, depression, and other mood disorders by sending deep-brain stimulators elsewhere have not fared as well. (wired.com)
Major depression is one of the most common mental disorders in the United States. (slideshare.net)
Part 2 examines the development of at-risk behaviors relating to dysfunctional family dynamics, low self-esteem, depression, mood disorders, and stress and trauma. (counseling.org)
Stressful life experiences, such as abuse or being bullied or an injury can be factors that lead to depression, and additionally medical or psychological factors--endocrine disorders, substance abuse, underlying anxiety or learning issues can all lead to major depression. (nih.gov)
Other illnesses-Some disorders can lead to or occur with depression. (acog.org)
Anxiety disorders often occur with depression. (acog.org)
But depression can also be precipitated by viral or bacterial infection, organic disease, or hormonal disorders. (healthy.net)
A complicating factor is that the effects of depression and sleep apnea can be difficult to distinguish, says psychiatrist Michael Weissberg, M.D., co-director of the insomnia and sleep disorders clinic at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, in Denver. (cnn.com)
Depression and anxiety disorders are the same. (medicinenet.com)
These symptoms of depression are similar to those of other depression-related mood disorders, such as major depressive disorder. (medicalnewstoday.com)

But just as he was about to qualify, he was overwhelmed by a major bout of depression, the first and worst of the depressive episodes that have dogged his life. (bmj.com)
3. Treatment resistant depression - The term "treatment resistant depression" often refers to major depressive episodes that do not respond satisfactorily to at least two trials of antidepressant monotherapy. (slideshare.net)
Treatment refractory depression - The term "treatment refractory depression" typically refers to unipolar major depressive episodes that do not respond satisfactorily to numerous sequential treatment regimens. (slideshare.net)
Depression Scales The severity of depression was assessed by the clinician-rated, 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology QIDS-CS16 or QIDS-SR16(the self report version) and Hamilton Depression Scale HAM-D17 score. (slideshare.net)
These include dysthymia (which has long-lasting signs and symptoms that are similar to, but not as severe as, those of depression), perinatal or postpartum depression (which occurs around or following the birth of a child), seasonal affective disorder (which is triggered by the changing of the seasons), bipolar disorder (which can include both "highs," or manic episodes, and depressive episodes), and generalized anxiety disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
We know that depression can be genetic - it often runs in families-but that it is a combination of genes and environment that contribute to a first major depressive episode, and that sometimes if parent or another family member in a household is depressed, a teen may be more vulnerable to depression. (nih.gov)
Previous research has shown that low levels of vitamin B12 and folate are associated with an increased risk for depression, and "one meta-analysis suggests that vitamin B12 intervention may prevent depressive symptoms in specialized populations," report the researchers. (medscape.com)
Unfavourable life events can increase a person's vulnerability to depression or trigger a depressive episode. (britannica.com)
Persistent depressive disorder involves symptoms that last two or more years, sometimes marked by episodes of major depression. (britannica.com)
UNDOING DEPRESSION teaches us how to replace depressive patterns with a new and more effective set of skills. (selfgrowth.com)

But Greece did emerge from its long-running depression in 2017, and indications so far are that growth will be maintained this year. (forbes.com)

But depression is not a person's fault. (kidshealth.org)
Nongenetic (environmental) factors also play critical roles in a person's risk of developing depression. (medlineplus.gov)
Where there are clear grounds for a person's unhappiness, depression is considered to be present if the depressed mood is disproportionately long or severe vis-à-vis the precipitating event. (britannica.com)
Episodes of major depression can occur at any age and may occur once or multiple times in an affected person's life. (britannica.com)
Sometimes, it's hard to figure out what's causing a person's depression. (kidshealth.org)

Learn more: What are the different types of depression ? (psychcentral.com)
Some types of depression tend to run in families, suggesting there may be some genetic vulnerability to the disorder. (psychologytoday.com)
8. Types of depression diagnosed for teens: An Adjustment Disorder Occurs After A Major Life Event. (slideshare.net)
Other types of depression include postpartum depression, psychotic depression, and seasonal affective disorder, each of which develops under specific circumstances. (britannica.com)
The findings help explain why some types of depression do not respond well to medication. (medicalnewstoday.com)
New research may help explain why SSRIs are unable to fully tackle some types of depression. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Prof. Doya explains the motivation for the recent study, saying, 'It has always been speculated that different types of depression exist, and they influence the effectiveness of the drug. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Major depression is an intense episode of depression that has developed recently and has lasted for at least 2 weeks. (kidshealth.org)
If there was] certainty that an acute episode [of depression] will last only a week, a month, even a year, it would change everything. (psychcentral.com)
In 2016, 6.7 percent of adults and 12.8 percent of adolescents reported having at least one episode of depression. (medlineplus.gov)
In a moment of relaxation, I sat down and compiled what I think are 10 great relaxing activities in order to relieve stress and hopefully not trigger an episode of depression. (bellaonline.com)

Bipolar disorder (also called manic depression or bipolar depression) is a condition that includes episodes of major depression and, at other times, episodes of mania (emotional highs). (kidshealth.org)
Depression differs from simple grief or mourning, which are appropriate emotional responses to the loss of loved persons or objects. (britannica.com)
Understand the emotional core of your depression is the way to deep and lasting change. (selfgrowth.com)
First lets discuss the holidays and their effect on your emotional state, and then give you some possible directions you can take in reaction to your depression. (thebody.com)
Get the emotional support you need from others like you, get practical tips to manage your life with depression, and insights about treatment or therapies. (apple.com)

Major depression with melancholia: A comparison of middle-aged and elderly adults. (springer.com)
Someone who has major depression has symptoms nearly every day, all day, for 2 weeks or longer. (familydoctor.org)
And when proinflammatory cytokines are administered to animals, they elicit "sickness behavior": The animals become listless, lose interest in eating, grooming, socializing and sex, and show increased sensitivity to pain, changes strikingly similar to those in humans with major depression. (huffingtonpost.com)
We often think of adults with major depression as having an onset during the teenage years. (nih.gov)
Depression , in economics , major downswing in the business cycle that is characterized by sharply reduced industrial production, widespread unemployment , serious declines or cessations of growth in construction activity, and great reductions in international trade and capital movements. (britannica.com)
We have all experienced something that resembles what someone with major depression has," says Dr. Benjamin Druss, a health policy researcher at Emory University in Atlanta. (latimes.com)
Positive responses should elicit further questioning focused on evaluating for the presence of the symptoms which are diagnostic of major depression. (nih.gov)
The findings cast serious doubt on major depression with seasonal variation as a legitimate psychiatric disorder," psychologist Steven Lobello and his colleagues write. (minnpost.com)
A family history of depression, major life changes, and certain physical illnesses are all risk factors for depression. (medicinenet.com)
In previous versions of what is considered to be the 'psychiatry bible', there was a 'bereavement exclusion', which recommended that clinicians not diagnose major depression in an individual who had experienced the death of a loved one in the previous two months. (abc.net.au)

The men also completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) between weeks 18 and 20 of their partner's gestation. (medscape.com)
The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), a questionnaire for mothers developed and validated by John Cox et al. (encyclopedia.com)
1994). Perinatal psychiatry: Use and misuse of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale . (encyclopedia.com)

Recent CDC research shows that about 1 in 8 women experience symptoms of postpartum depression. (cdc.gov)
What Are the Signs & Symptoms of Postpartum Depression? (kidshealth.org)
Symptoms of postpartum depression can vary from woman to woman. (kidshealth.org)
If you have symptoms of postpartum depression, get help right away. (kidshealth.org)

Depression can appear differently in children than in adults. (psychcentral.com)
Comparative effectiveness of social problem-solving therapy and reminiscence therapy as treatments for depression in older adults. (springer.com)
Group cognitive therapy and Alprazolam in the treatment of depression in older adults. (springer.com)
Signs of depression can appear differently in men, women, children and older adults. (healthfinder.gov)
Many of the changes faced by older adults can lead to depression. (healthfinder.gov)
Fifty percent of children and adolescents and 20 percent of adults report some symptoms of depression. (huffingtonpost.com)
Most adults with depression in the United States are not receiving treatment for the disorder, according to new research published in the journal JAMA International Medicine. (minnpost.com)

And while they're likely more effective for mild to moderate depression, I think it's fair to say that no one should write off the therapeutic benefits of healthy lifestyle measures for their overall treatment program. (marksdailyapple.com)
Research published in the 25 March 2004 edition of Geophysical Research Letters , which used images taken by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), aboard NASA 's Terra and Aqua satellites, indicated that storms move across the Bodélé Depression at about 47 km/h (29 mi/h)-two times faster than previously believed. (wikipedia.org)
Talking therapies, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) , are often used for mild depression that is not improving, or moderate depression. (www.nhs.uk)
10 on the measure, signifying mild to moderate depression. (medscape.com)
10 indicated a high probability of mild to moderate depression. (medscape.com)
Depression can be mild, moderate, or severe. (acog.org)
With moderate depression, you may not be able to do some of the things you need to do. (acog.org)

In addition, evidence is quickly accumulating that regular mindfulness meditation , on its own or combined with cognitive therapy, can stop depression before it starts by effectively disengaging attention from the repetitive negative thoughts that often set in motion the downward spiral of mood. (psychologytoday.com)

Studies suggest that variations in many genes, each with a small effect, combine to increase the risk of developing depression. (medlineplus.gov)

The same researchers who in 2004 more accurately determined the speed of wind through the depression also published in 2006 work showing that more than half of the dust needed for fertilizing the Amazon Rainforest is provided by the Bodélé depression, depositing up to 50 million tonnes in South America per year. (wikipedia.org)
A recent study by experts from the Harvard Medical School and the Analysis Group Inc. calculated that depression in America costs society approximately $210 billion per year, about 40 percent of which is attributed to direct costs of treating depression. (ncsl.org)
Here's a closer look at precisely who is getting treated for depression in America. (latimes.com)

How is postpartum depression treated? (plannedparenthood.org)

Dust storms from the Bodélé Depression occur on average about 100 days per year, [1] one typical example being the massive dust storms that swept over West Africa and the Cape Verde Islands in February 2004. (wikipedia.org)
Unlike minor business contractions that may occur in one country independently of business cycles in other countries, severe depressions have usually been nearly worldwide in scope. (britannica.com)
This is known as antenatal depression and is less well-known than postnatal depression - the depression that can occur after baby has been born - because it is hard to identify and less well understood. (netdoctor.co.uk)
To diagnose your depression, your health care professional will discuss your symptoms, how often they occur, and how severe they are. (acog.org)

Depression is probably the most common psychiatric complaint and has been described by physicians since before the time of ancient Greek physician Hippocrates , who called it melancholia . (britannica.com)
Postnatal depression can be classed among other postnatal psychiatric conditions, ranging from the blues to postpartum traumatic neuroses (Bydlowski and Raoul-Duval, 1978) and the acute postpartum psychoses that have been described since the nineteenth century (Marc é , L.-V., 1858). (encyclopedia.com)
Note that the fact that alcohol is classified as a Central Nervous System (CNS) depressant is irrelevant to it's effects on Depression as a psychiatric disorder. (answers.com)
Psychiatric Depression on the other hand is a neurochemical disorder of the Serotonin system, which is in no way linked to the action of GABA. (answers.com)

Seasonal affective disorder is a kind of depression that is related to light exposure. (kidshealth.org)
With this kind of depression, you may feel sad, hopeless, anxious, and/or disconnected from your baby for weeks or months. (plannedparenthood.org)
Yeah well I had some kind of depression 2 years ago, I had the feeling that I was always doing everything wrong and I was always saying stupid things and stuff like that. (newgrounds.com)
Women who have had any kind of depression in the past (including postpartum depression) or who have a family history of depression are more likely to get postpartum depression. (kidshealth.org)

Appropriate treatment for depression starts with a physical examination by a physician. (psychologytoday.com)
Treatment for depression can involve a combination of lifestyle changes, talking therapies and medicine. (www.nhs.uk)
13 In contrast, treatment for depression is correlated with a protective effect of 0.44 points. (nyu.edu)
What is the treatment for depression? (medicinenet.com)

Vascular lesions may contribute to depression by disrupting the neural networks involved in emotion regulation-in particular, frontostriatal pathways that link the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, and dorsal cingulate. (nih.gov)
Feeling unsupported when facing the changes that parenthood will bring, coupled with social isolation can contribute to depression. (netdoctor.co.uk)

The Improving Access to Psychological Treatments (IAPT) initiative mandates access to effective treatments for depression and other psychological problems. (huffingtonpost.com)

According to a 2018 systematic review by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) external icon , "Elucidating the relationship between breastfeeding and postpartum depression is challenging, because women with depression may have difficulty initiating and sustaining breastfeeding, and women who experience breastfeeding difficulties may develop depression" (p. 107). (cdc.gov)

What are the treatments for bipolar depression? (medicalnewstoday.com)
This article will discuss the symptoms of and treatments for bipolar depression. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Adolescent Depression. (cdc.gov)
These slides depicts all about adolescent depression and its prevalence that widely spreads across our 'little red dot' and worldwide. (slideshare.net)
Abner ~ Some Teenagers' views of Adolescent Depression would be. (slideshare.net)
13. We did a survey to collate people's opinions about what adolescent depression is all about. (slideshare.net)
The Mood, Brain and Development Unit is a lab that studies adolescent depression and is led by Dr. Argyris Stringaris. (nih.gov)
We work to improve understanding and treatment of adolescent depression. (nih.gov)

If untreated, episodes of depression can last for weeks, months, or years, and can go away and come back (recur). (medlineplus.gov)
However, episodes of more substantial postnatal depression are also common and can cause considerable disruption for the woman and her family. (bmj.com)
Good evidence exists that episodes of postpartum depression are missed or misdiagnosed. (bmj.com)
Bipolar disorder, once referred to as manic depression, consists of episodes of depression that alternate with periods of intensely elevated mood known as mania. (medicinenet.com)
Depending on the type of bipolar a person has, they may experience episodes of depression that interfere with their completion of daily tasks. (medicalnewstoday.com)

an endorheic depression generally containing a persistent or intermittent (seasonal) lake , a salt flat (playa) or dry lake , or an ephemeral lake . (wikipedia.org)

If you have mild depression, your doctor may suggest waiting to see whether it improves on its own, while monitoring your progress. (www.nhs.uk)
He scored a "9" on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), indicating mild depression, but he has scored higher in the past. (va.gov)
If you have mild depression, it may take extra effort to do what you have to do, but often you can still do those things. (acog.org)
Some may have mild depression, while others might experience it more strongly. (bbc.co.uk)

A full exam lets the doctor check your child for other health conditions that could cause depression-like symptoms. (kidshealth.org)
Problems with your thyroid or nutrient deficiencies can cause depression. (familydoctor.org)
Can giving birth cause depression? (familydoctor.org)
Trans fats cause depression, memory loss, and shrink your brain. (beliefnet.com)
Does sugar cause depression? (beliefnet.com)
But it's plausible to think that sleep apnea could directly cause depression. (cnn.com)

Traumatic events such as the death or loss of a loved one, lack or reduced social support, caregiver burden, financial problems, interpersonal difficulties, and conflicts are examples of stressors that can trigger depression. (nih.gov)

Cristobal has been downgraded to a tropical depression with sustained winds of 35 mph, and located 40 miles north of Baton Rouge. (msn.com)
Helene weakened into a tropical depression Saturday after making landfall in Mexico, the National Hurricane Center said. (cnn.com)
The tropical depression was about 15 miles (25 km) south-southwest of Tampico, Mexico. (cnn.com)

Dust storm in the Bodele Depression. (wikipedia.org)
By studying NASA satellite data of the spread of dust across the globe, scientists discovered that more than half of the mineral dust that fertilizes the Amazon soil comes from a single spot in the southern Sahara, a large mountain-rimmed valley called the Bodele Depression. (nasa.gov)
A bright streak of dust arcs southwest across the Bodele Depression toward Lake Chad. (nasa.gov)
A gap between the Tibesti and Ennedi Mountains creates a natural wind tunnel that focuses and intensifies the winds across the Bodele Depression. (nasa.gov)
About half of the 40 million tons of dust that are swept across the Atlantic from the Sahara to the Amazon each year come from the Bodele Depression, a small valley that accounts for only 0.2 percent of the entire Sahara and is only 0.5 percent the size of the Amazon itself. (nasa.gov)
The discovery of this surprisingly large single source of mineral dust raises many fascinating questions about how far-flung parts of the Earth system are connected, including how large the dust reservoir in the Bodele depression is, how long it has been emitting such a huge amount of dust, and how long will it continue to fertilize the Amazon. (nasa.gov)
On January 2, 2007, another winter dust storm whipped dust from the Bodele Depression across Africa and over the Atlantic Ocean. (nasa.gov)
Acquired in early December 2011, this natural-color image shows dual dust plumes blowing out of the Bodele Depression in Chad. (nasa.gov)

However, the definition has not been standardized, and there is no clear demarcation between treatment resistant and treatment refractory depression. (slideshare.net)

Taking certain medicines, abusing drugs or alcohol, or having other illnesses can also lead to depression. (familydoctor.org)
Alcohol can make depression worse. (breastcancer.org)
It can be tempting to try to find release from depression by abusing drugs or alcohol but this can bring its own problems - it is important to look after yourself physically. (warwick.ac.uk)
Can alcohol solve depression? (answers.com)
CNS depression refers to a slowing of the heart, lungs and nerve function in the case of alcohol through the function of the neurochemical GABA. (answers.com)

Parents (and kids and teens themselves) may not realize that these can be signs of depression. (kidshealth.org)
What are the signs of postpartum depression? (plannedparenthood.org)
Recognizing in oneself the symptoms and signs of depression can be difficult. (columbia.edu)
To be diagnosed with depression, an individual must have signs and symptoms nearly every day for at least 2 weeks. (medlineplus.gov)
A new test for depression has been uncovered by researchers, who think it's possible to find physical traces of the signs of mental ill health in the blood. (amazonaws.com)
That's why it is so important for students to get treatment if they need it and why it is important to know the signs of depression. (ibtimes.com)

And then finally to branch out into grief and bereavement work seems a truly astounding career choice for someone who suffers from profound depression. (bmj.com)
He struggled with depression (and complicated grief) when his wife died, but with the support of family and a Veterans' grief group, he got back on his feet and has been coping well for the past few years. (va.gov)
Terezia Farkas is an international bestselling author in depression and grief. (beliefnet.com)
Grief or depression? (abc.net.au)

Mayberg … increasingly homed in on Area 25, which seemed crucial in both its behavior and its position in this network [implicated in depression]. (wired.com)

I believe that part of the "depression epidemic" is false -- a creation of aggressive disease-mongering by pharmaceutical companies to promote antidepressant sales. (huffingtonpost.com)
Castrén E, Rantamäki T (2010) The role of BDNF and its receptors in depression and antidepressant drug action: reactivation of developmental plasticity. (springer.com)

Psychotic depression arises against a background of psychosis , which may involve symptoms of delusions , hallucinations, or paranoia . (britannica.com)

Determining the genetic risk factors for depression is challenging for several reasons. (medlineplus.gov)

Anatomy14

Organisms3

Diseases18

Chemicals and Drugs26

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment51

Psychiatry and Psychology97

Phenomena and Processes21

Disciplines and Occupations6

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena22

Humanities3

Information Science8

Named Groups10

Health Care60

Geographicals4

Meta-analysis of the reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase type A moclobemide and brofaromine for the treatment of depression. (1/9883)

Individual and organizational predictors of depression in general practitioners. (2/9883)

Increased serotonin receptor density and platelet GPIIb/IIIa activation among smokers. (3/9883)

The Montefiore community children's project: a controlled study of cognitive and emotional problems of homeless mothers and children. (4/9883)

Persistence of depressive symptoms in diabetic adults. (5/9883)

A cost-effective approach to the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center. (6/9883)

Alternative insurance arrangements and the treatment of depression: what are the facts? (7/9883)

Effectiveness and economic impact of antidepressant medications: a review. (8/9883)

Depression

Depressive Disorder

Depression, Postpartum

Cortical Spreading Depression

Depressive Disorder, Major

Antidepressive Agents

Psychiatric Status Rating Scales

Long-Term Synaptic Depression

Anxiety

Questionnaires

Anxiety Disorders

Personality Inventory

Psychotherapy

Stress, Psychological

Comorbidity

Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation

Severity of Illness Index

Cognitive Therapy

Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors

Affect

Risk Factors

Dysthymic Disorder

Psychometrics

Depression, Chemical

Cross-Sectional Studies

Citalopram

Quality of Life

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Prevalence

Longitudinal Studies

Treatment Outcome

Interview, Psychological

Sertraline

Primary Health Care

Bipolar Disorder

Adaptation, Psychological

Life Change Events

Time Factors

Psychological Tests

Suicide

Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant

Fluoxetine

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic

Follow-Up Studies

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Suicidal Ideation

Neuronal Plasticity

Prospective Studies

Synaptic Transmission

Social Support

Electric Stimulation

Analysis of Variance

Mood Disorders

Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

Synapses

Inbreeding

Child of Impaired Parents

Hippocampus

Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials

Paroxetine

Sex Factors

Chronic Disease

Cognition Disorders

Mental Disorders

Socioeconomic Factors

Logistic Models

Neuropsychological Tests

Health Status

Emotions

Cohort Studies

Fatigue

United States

Suicide, Attempted

Personality Assessment

Geriatric Assessment

Self Concept

Mother-Child Relations

Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins

Somatoform Disorders

Mental Health