Removal of minerals from bones during bone examination.
The loss of calcium salts from bones and teeth. Bacteria may be responsible for this occurrence in teeth. Old age may be a factor contributing to calcium loss, as is the presence of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
Nitric acid (HNO3). A colorless liquid that is used in the manufacture of inorganic and organic nitrates and nitro compounds for fertilizers, dye intermediates, explosives, and many different organic chemicals. Continued exposure to vapor may cause chronic bronchitis; chemical pneumonitis may occur. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
A tooth's loss of minerals, such as calcium in hydroxyapatite from the tooth matrix, caused by acidic exposure. An example of the occurrence of demineralization is in the formation of dental caries.
The infiltrating of histological specimens with plastics, including acrylic resins, epoxy resins and polyethylene glycol, for support of the tissues in preparation for sectioning with a microtome.
A benign tumor composed of bone tissue or a hard tumor of bonelike structure developing on a bone (homoplastic osteoma) or on other structures (heteroplastic osteoma). (From Dorland, 27th ed)
Small metal or ceramic attachments used to fasten an arch wire. These attachments are soldered or welded to an orthodontic band or cemented directly onto the teeth. Bowles brackets, edgewise brackets, multiphase brackets, ribbon arch brackets, twin-wire brackets, and universal brackets are all types of orthodontic brackets.
Agents employed in the preparation of histologic or pathologic specimens for the purpose of maintaining the existing form and structure of all of the constituent elements. Great numbers of different agents are used; some are also decalcifying and hardening agents. They must quickly kill and coagulate living tissue.
The technique of using FIXATIVES in the preparation of cytologic, histologic, or pathologic specimens for the purpose of maintaining the existing form and structure of all the constituent elements.
Process by which organic tissue becomes hardened by the physiologic deposit of calcium salts.
Derivatives of formic acids. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that are formed with a single carbon carboxy group.
A hard thin translucent layer of calcified substance which envelops and protects the dentin of the crown of the tooth. It is the hardest substance in the body and is almost entirely composed of calcium salts. Under the microscope, it is composed of thin rods (enamel prisms) held together by cementing substance, and surrounded by an enamel sheath. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p286)
Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues.
The practice of personal hygiene of the mouth. It includes the maintenance of oral cleanliness, tissue tone, and general preservation of oral health.
A dental specialty concerned with the prevention and correction of dental and oral anomalies (malocclusion).
A combination of the debris index and the dental calculus index to determine the status of oral hygiene.
A country in western Europe bordered by the Atlantic Ocean, the English Channel, the Mediterranean Sea, and the countries of Belgium, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, the principalities of Andorra and Monaco, and by the duchy of Luxembourg. Its capital is Paris.
A neuropsychological disorder related to alterations in DOPAMINE metabolism and neurotransmission involving frontal-subcortical neuronal circuits. Both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics need to be present with TICS occurring many times a day, nearly daily, over a period of more than one year. The onset is before age 18 and the disturbance is not due to direct physiological effects of a substance or a another medical condition. The disturbance causes marked distress or significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. (From DSM-IV, 1994; Neurol Clin 1997 May;15(2):357-79)
Disease involving the ULNAR NERVE from its origin in the BRACHIAL PLEXUS to its termination in the hand. Clinical manifestations may include PARESIS or PARALYSIS of wrist flexion, finger flexion, thumb adduction, finger abduction, and finger adduction. Sensation over the medial palm, fifth finger, and ulnar aspect of the ring finger may also be impaired. Common sites of injury include the AXILLA, cubital tunnel at the ELBOW, and Guyon's canal at the wrist. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51 pp43-5)
The science dealing with the establishment and maintenance of health in the individual and the group. It includes the conditions and practices conducive to health. (Webster, 3d ed)
Localized destruction of the tooth surface initiated by decalcification of the enamel followed by enzymatic lysis of organic structures and leading to cavity formation. If left unchecked, the cavity may penetrate the enamel and dentin and reach the pulp.
Inorganic salts of hydrofluoric acid, HF, in which the fluorine atom is in the -1 oxidation state. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Sodium and stannous salts are commonly used in dentifrices.
Practice of adding fluoride to water for the purpose of preventing tooth decay and cavities.
A chronic endemic form of hypoplasia of the dental enamel caused by drinking water with a high fluorine content during the time of tooth formation, and characterized by defective calcification that gives a white chalky appearance to the enamel, which gradually undergoes brown discoloration. (Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p286)
Dentifrices that are formulated into a paste form. They typically contain abrasives, HUMECTANTS; DETERGENTS; FLAVORING AGENTS; and CARIOSTATIC AGENTS.
Substances that inhibit or arrest DENTAL CARIES formation. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)
"Decayed, missing and filled teeth," a routinely used statistical concept in dentistry.

Reinforcement mechanism of dentin mechanical properties by intracanal medicaments. (1/50)

The reinforcement mechanism of dentin mechanical properties by intracanal medicaments was investigated. The dumbbell-shaped specimens were prepared from a collagen sheet, demineralized dentin and organic dissolved dentin. After immersing the specimens in intracanal medicaments (eugenol and formocresol), the tensile test was carried out in 37 degrees C water and the Vickers hardness test was performed. The tensile strengths increased after eugenol and formocresol immersion, especially collagen and organic dissolved dentin after formocresol immersion and demineralized dentin after eugenol immersion. Thus, formocresol immersion might have reinforced the dentin tensile strength by protein coagulation, while eugenol immersion might have reinforced the dentin tensile strength by not only protein coagulation but also chelation with hydroxyapatite. However, the hardness values did not significantly change after intracanal medicament immersion.  (+info)

Amplification of PCR products in excess of 600 base pairs using DNA extracted from decalcified, paraffin wax embedded bone marrow trephine biopsies. (2/50)

AIMS: To establish a robust method of extracting DNA from paraffin wax embedded bone marrow trephine (PBMT) biopsies for the amplification of relatively long polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. METHOD: Xylene and ethanol were used to remove paraffin wax from eight formalin fixed, EDTA decalcified PBMT biopsies and DNA extraction was performed using a Qiagen QIAamp tissue kit. The DNA samples were amplified using nine different PCR primers sets, including those used to detect chromosomal translocations (t(11;14) and t(14;18), and clonal B cell populations. A t(11;14) PCR product of approximately 600 base pairs (bp) was sequenced using dye terminator cycle sequencing. RESULTS: All eight DNA samples extracted from PBMT biopsies were amplified successfully to generate DNA fragments up to 643 bp in length. Chromosomal translocations and immunoglobulin gene rearrangements were detected by PCR in some of the samples. Sequencing of the t(11;14) PCR product demonstrated the presence of chimaeric sequences, which included both bcl-1 and immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene sequences, consistent with the presence of this translocation. CONCLUSIONS: This method enables PCR analyses of PBMT biopsies that were not previously possible, offering the prospect of improved accuracy of diagnosis and the monitoring of patients with bone marrow disease.  (+info)

Observations on the induction of bone in soft tissues. (3/50)

Using bone decalcified with 0-6 N hydrochloric acid as an inducing agent, the inductive capacity of different soft tissue sites was investigated. Muscle and fascia regularly permitted the induction of bone, while spleen, liver and kidney suppressed bone induction. Bone formation could be induced in these organs if living autologous fascia was implanted together with the inducing agent; while bone formation was inhibited when living autologous spleen tissue was implanted with the inducing agent to normally favourable sites. The administration of systemic heparin and the diphosphonate ethane-1-hydroxyl, 1-diphosphonic acid (EHDP) suppressed bone induction. It is suggested that for bone induction to occur in soft tissues, three conditions must be present: 1) an inducing agent; 2) an osteogenic precursor cell; and 3) an environment which is permissive to osteogenesis. The presence of osteogenic inhibitors in spleen, liver and kidney is postulated.  (+info)

Bone induction in implants of decalcified bone and dentine. (4/50)

The fate of decalcified bone and dentine implanted in muscle and beneath the kidney capsule has been studied in young rats. Quantitatively speaking there was a great deal of variation, but in general the implants became surrounded and invaded by young vascular connective tissue; then tunnels were eroded and cavities enlarged by multi-nucleated giant cells; then the matrix around erosion chambers became recalcified; and finally new bone was induced on the eroded recalcified surfaces. Erosion was much more extensive, and bone was much more readily induced in the intramuscular than in the subcapsular implants. It is concluded that the presence of an eroded, recalcified surface is a pre-requisite for bone induction under these conditions.  (+info)

The development of vertebral bone marrow of human fetuses. (5/50)

The development of the bone marrow of the thoracic vertebrae in seven human fetuses ranging from 95 to 150 mm in crown-rump length (CRL) was studied using light and electron microscopy. In the 95-mm CRL, hypertrophy of the chondrocytes occurred in the central region of the vertebrae, and blood vessels penetrated there from dorsal and ventral sides of the vertebral body. The primary marrow was represented by liberated cartilage lacunnae, occupied by the thin-walled blood vessels and a few mesenchymal cells and mononuclear cells containing granules or vacuoles (GMC). In the 99-mm CRL, chondroclasts were active in removing the cartilage near the central region of the vertebrae. Consequently, a large cavity was formed and occupied by a dilated sinus. GMC were numerous. Osteoblasts and osteocytes were increased in number. Reticular cells with long processes containing large amounts of glycogen began to appear in the extravascular space and formed the loosely arranged cellular meshwork of the hematopoietic compartment. Bundles of collagen fibrils were scattered in the meshwork. Hematopoietic cells were recognizable only in the 105-mm-CRL fetus and increased in number in the 120-mm-CRL fetus. The sinus endothelium was very thin and continuous without apertures except where blood cells crossed the wall. The developing blood cells lying against the outside of the sinus endothelium indented it. At points, collagen fibrils attached to the outside of endothelial cells and appeared to function as the anchoring filaments of lymphatics. The physiologic implications of the association of stromal cells, vascular sinuses, and hematopoietic cells are discussed in relationship to the microhematopoietic environment of the bone marrow.  (+info)

Regeneration of blood-forming organs after autologous leukocyte transfusion in lethally irradiated dogs. I. Distribution and cellularity of the bone marrow in normal dogs. (6/50)

Marrow cellularity in adult beagles (1-2 yr old) is highest in centrally located bones, with values between 8000 and 12,000 nucleated cells per sq mm. It decreases gradually towards the peripheral parts of the body, reaching values below 1000 per sq mm in bones distal to the elbow and knee. The first tail segment always contains some active marrow. The fifth segment has only stromal elements. In spongy bones fat cells appear to be distributed at random among the blood-forming elements. In the middle part of the femur the fatty marrow predominates in the center of the cylinder, while the subendosteal area is very cellular. The proximal and distal ends of the femur are more cellular than the middle. The small standard deviation of the cellularity in the spongy bones of the trunk and in the proximal and middle part of the humerus makes these sites areas of choice for quantitative studies of marrow regeneration. The large variations in cellularity of the marrow in the radius and tibia of young adult dogs make these sites unsuitable for such studies. The distribution of active and fatty marrow in dogs is similar to that of humans. The differential count of active marrow is quite constant between different dogs and in the various sites of each animal.  (+info)

Optimization of perfusion decalcification for bones and joints in rats. (7/50)

Decalcification of osseous tissues by perfusion of decalcifying solution into the vascular system has never been applied to the study of peripheral joints. To optimize perfusion methods, rats were decalcified by direct immersion or by one of two perfusion techniques: 1) systemic perfusion circulating the decalcifying solution from the ascending aorta; and 2) regional perfusion circulating the solution to the lower extremities from the abdominal aorta. The process of decalcification was monitored by serial radiographic examinations. After decalcification, bone and joint samples were stained for histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. With systemic perfusion, the decalcification time, dependent on weight, was markedly reduced compared to immersion. Regional perfusion decalcification was faster than all other methods studied. Microstructural preservation was comparable and immunostaining quality often improved. Applications of this work will improve the study of basic skeletal and articular problems.  (+info)

Immunohistological study of entheses in spondyloarthropathies: comparison in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. (8/50)

OBJECTIVE: To determine which inflammatory cell types are present in entheses from patients with spondyloarthropathy (SpA) compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: Enthesis specimens were obtained during orthopaedic procedures in eight patients with SpA, four with RA, and three with OA. After decalcification, the lymphocyte subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20) in the bone marrow component of each enthesis were measured by an immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS: Oedema and an inflammatory infiltrate were present in all the SpA specimens, being clearly predominant in the bone marrow component of the entheses. The density of all cell types in the bone marrow was significantly higher in the SpA group than in the two other groups. The cell type CD3+ showed the greatest difference between the SpA and RA groups, being increased fivefold in the SpA group. Within the SpA group, CD3+ cells were considerably more numerous than CD20+ cells-a difference from the RA group-and the predominant T cells were CD8+. CONCLUSION: Persistent oedema with an inflammatory infiltrate composed predominantly of CD8+ cells was noted in the entheses of patients with SpA, being predominant in the bone marrow. These results suggest that CD8+ cells may have a key role in local inflammation in SpAs.  (+info)

I'm not able to provide a specific medical definition for the term "Decalcification Technique" as it is not a standard term in medical or scientific literature. However, decalcification is a process that is commonly used in histology (the study of the microscopic structure of tissues) to prepare calcium-containing tissue samples for sectioning and staining.

Decalcification involves removing the calcium salts from the tissue using a weak acid solution, such as formic acid or acetic acid. This process makes it possible to cut thin sections of the tissue with a microtome (a tool used to cut thin slices of tissue for examination under a microscope).

The decalcification technique may refer to the specific method or protocol used to decalcify tissue samples, including the type and concentration of acid used, the duration of decalcification, and the temperature at which the process is carried out. The choice of decalcification technique will depend on the type and size of the tissue sample being prepared, as well as the specific research or diagnostic questions being addressed.

Pathologic decalcification is a process that occurs when there is a loss of calcium salts from the bones or teeth. This can lead to weakening and structural damage in the affected area. It is often seen in conditions such as osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and tumors that involve bone. In dental contexts, decalcification can also refer to the loss of minerals from tooth enamel, which can lead to cavities and tooth decay. This is often caused by poor oral hygiene and a diet high in sugars.

Nitric acid is not a medical term, but it is a chemical compound with the formula HNO3. It is a highly corrosive mineral acid and is the primary constituent of nitric acid solutions.

Medically, nitric acid or its salts may be mentioned in the context of certain medical conditions or treatments. For example, nitrate or nitrite salts of potassium or sodium can be used as vasodilators to treat angina pectoris (chest pain) by improving blood flow and reducing oxygen demand in the heart muscle. Nitric acid itself is not used medically.

It's important to note that exposure to nitric acid can cause severe burns and tissue damage, so it should be handled with care and appropriate personal protective equipment.

Tooth demineralization is a process that involves the loss of minerals, such as calcium and phosphate, from the hard tissues of the teeth. This process can lead to the development of dental caries or tooth decay. Demineralization occurs when acids produced by bacteria in the mouth attack the enamel of the tooth, dissolving its mineral content. Over time, these attacks can create holes or cavities in the teeth. Fluoride, found in many toothpastes and public water supplies, can help to remineralize teeth and prevent decay. Good oral hygiene practices, such as brushing and flossing regularly, can also help to prevent demineralization by removing plaque and bacteria from the mouth.

Plastic embedding is a histological technique used in the preparation of tissue samples for microscopic examination. In this process, thin sections of tissue are impregnated and hardened with a plastic resin, which replaces the water in the tissue and provides support and stability during cutting and mounting. This method is particularly useful for tissues that are difficult to embed using traditional paraffin embedding techniques, such as those that contain fat or are very delicate. The plastic-embedded tissue sections can be cut very thinly (typically 1-2 microns) and provide excellent preservation of ultrastructural details, making them ideal for high-resolution microscopy and immunohistochemical studies.

Osteoma is a benign (noncancerous) tumor that is made up of mature bone tissue. It usually grows slowly over a period of years and is most commonly found in the skull or jaw, although it can occur in other bones of the body as well. Osteomas are typically small, but they can grow to be several centimeters in size. They may cause symptoms if they press on nearby tissues or structures, such as nerves or blood vessels. In some cases, osteomas may not cause any symptoms and may only be discovered during routine imaging studies. Treatment for osteoma is typically not necessary unless it is causing problems or growing rapidly. If treatment is needed, it may involve surgical removal of the tumor.

Orthodontic brackets are small square attachments that are bonded to the teeth or bands that are attached to the back molars. They have a slot in which the orthodontic archwire fits and is held in place. The bracket can be made of stainless steel, ceramic, plastic or a combination of these materials. They play an essential role in moving the teeth into the desired position during orthodontic treatment.

Fixatives are substances used in histology and pathology to preserve tissue specimens for microscopic examination. They work by stabilizing the structural components of cells and tissues, preventing decomposition and autolysis. This helps to maintain the original structure and composition of the specimen as closely as possible, allowing for accurate diagnosis and research. Commonly used fixatives include formalin, glutaraldehyde, methanol, and ethanol. The choice of fixative depends on the specific type of tissue being preserved and the intended use of the specimen.

Tissue fixation is a process in histology (the study of the microscopic structure of tissues) where fixed tissue samples are prepared for further examination, typically through microscopy. The goal of tissue fixation is to preserve the original three-dimensional structure and biochemical composition of tissues and cells as much as possible, making them stable and suitable for various analyses.

The most common method for tissue fixation involves immersing the sample in a chemical fixative, such as formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde. These fixatives cross-link proteins within the tissue, creating a stable matrix that maintains the original structure and prevents decay. Other methods of tissue fixation may include freezing or embedding samples in various media to preserve their integrity.

Properly fixed tissue samples can be sectioned, stained, and examined under a microscope, allowing pathologists and researchers to study cellular structures, diagnose diseases, and understand biological processes at the molecular level.

Physiologic calcification is the normal deposit of calcium salts in body tissues and organs. It is a natural process that occurs as part of the growth and development of the human body, as well as during the repair and remodeling of tissues.

Calcium is an essential mineral that plays a critical role in many bodily functions, including bone formation, muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and blood clotting. In order to maintain proper levels of calcium in the body, excess calcium that is not needed for these functions may be deposited in various tissues as a normal part of the aging process.

Physiologic calcification typically occurs in areas such as the walls of blood vessels, the lungs, and the heart valves. While these calcifications are generally harmless, they can sometimes lead to complications, particularly if they occur in large amounts or in sensitive areas. For example, calcification of the coronary arteries can increase the risk of heart disease, while calcification of the lung tissue can cause respiratory symptoms.

It is important to note that pathologic calcification, on the other hand, refers to the abnormal deposit of calcium salts in tissues and organs, which can be caused by various medical conditions such as chronic kidney disease, hyperparathyroidism, and certain infections. Pathologic calcification is not a normal process and can lead to serious health complications if left untreated.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Formates" is not a recognized term in medical terminology. It is possible that you may be referring to "formic acid" or "formate," which are terms used in chemistry and biochemistry. Formic acid is a colorless, pungent, and corrosive liquid with the chemical formula HCOOH. Its salts are called formates.

Formate is the anion (negatively charged ion) of formic acid, with the chemical formula HCOO-. Formate can be found in various biological systems and is involved in several metabolic processes. If you could provide more context or clarify your question, I would be happy to help further.

Dental enamel is the hard, white, outermost layer of a tooth. It is a highly mineralized and avascular tissue, meaning it contains no living cells or blood vessels. Enamel is primarily composed of calcium and phosphate minerals and serves as the protective covering for the crown of a tooth, which is the portion visible above the gum line.

Enamel is the hardest substance in the human body, and its primary function is to provide structural support and protection to the underlying dentin and pulp tissues of the tooth. It also plays a crucial role in chewing and biting by helping to distribute forces evenly across the tooth surface during these activities.

Despite its hardness, dental enamel can still be susceptible to damage from factors such as tooth decay, erosion, and abrasion. Once damaged or lost, enamel cannot regenerate or repair itself, making it essential to maintain good oral hygiene practices and seek regular dental checkups to prevent enamel damage and protect overall oral health.

Calcinosis is a medical condition characterized by the abnormal deposit of calcium salts in various tissues of the body, commonly under the skin or in the muscles and tendons. These calcium deposits can form hard lumps or nodules that can cause pain, inflammation, and restricted mobility. Calcinosis can occur as a complication of other medical conditions, such as autoimmune disorders, kidney disease, and hypercalcemia (high levels of calcium in the blood). In some cases, the cause of calcinosis may be unknown. Treatment for calcinosis depends on the underlying cause and may include medications to manage calcium levels, physical therapy, and surgical removal of large deposits.

Oral hygiene is the practice of keeping the mouth and teeth clean to prevent dental issues such as cavities, gum disease, bad breath, and other oral health problems. It involves regular brushing, flossing, and using mouthwash to remove plaque and food particles that can lead to tooth decay and gum disease. Regular dental check-ups and cleanings are also an essential part of maintaining good oral hygiene. Poor oral hygiene can lead to a range of health problems, including heart disease, diabetes, and respiratory infections, so it is important to prioritize oral health as part of overall health and wellbeing.

Orthodontics is a specialized branch of dentistry that focuses on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of dental and facial irregularities. This involves correcting teeth that are improperly positioned, often using braces or other appliances to move them into the correct position over time. The goal of orthodontic treatment is to create a healthy, functional bite and improve the appearance of the teeth and face.

Orthodontists are dental specialists who have completed additional training beyond dental school in order to become experts in this field. They use various techniques and tools, such as X-rays, models of the teeth, and computer imaging, to assess and plan treatment for each individual patient. The type of treatment recommended will depend on the specific needs and goals of the patient.

Orthodontic treatment can be beneficial for people of all ages, although it is most commonly started during childhood or adolescence when the teeth and jaws are still growing and developing. However, more and more adults are also seeking orthodontic treatment to improve their smile and oral health.

The Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) is a dental measurement used to assess and quantify the cleanliness of a patient's teeth. It was developed by Greene and Vermillion in 1964 as a simple, reproducible method for oral hygiene evaluation. The index takes into account the amount of debris (food particles, plaque) and calculus (tartar) present on the tooth surfaces.

The OHI consists of two components: the Debris Index (DI) and the Calculus Index (CI). Each component is scored separately for six designated teeth (16, 11, 26, 36, 31, and 46) on a scale from 0 to 3. The scores are then summed up and averaged to obtain the final OHI score:

1. Debris Index (DI): Assesses the soft debris or plaque accumulation on the tooth surfaces. The scoring is as follows:
- Score 0: No debris present
- Score 1: Debris found on up to one-third of the tooth surface
- Score 2: Debris found on more than one-third but less than two-thirds of the tooth surface
- Score 3: Debris found on more than two-thirds of the tooth surface

2. Calculus Index (CI): Evaluates the hard calculus or tartar accumulation on the tooth surfaces. The scoring is similar to the DI:
- Score 0: No calculus present
- Score 1: Supragingival calculus found on up to one-third of the tooth surface
- Score 2: Supragingival calculus found on more than one-third but less than two-thirds of the tooth surface, or the presence of individual flecks of subgingival calculus
- Score 3: Supragingival calculus found on more than two-thirds of the tooth surface, or a continuous heavy band of subgingival calculus

The OHI score ranges from 0 to 6, with higher scores indicating poorer oral hygiene. This index is widely used in dental research and clinical settings to evaluate the effectiveness of oral hygiene interventions and to assess overall oral health status.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "France" is not a medical term or concept. France is the largest country in Western Europe and the third-largest in Europe after Russia and Ukraine. It has been a major player in world affairs for centuries, with a significant cultural and artistic influence. If you have any questions about medical terms or concepts, I would be happy to help answer those for you.

Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a neurological disorder characterized by the presence of multiple motor tics and at least one vocal (phonic) tic. These tics are sudden, repetitive, rapid, involuntary movements or sounds that occur for more than a year and are not due to substance use or other medical conditions. The symptoms typically start before the age of 18, with the average onset around 6-7 years old.

The severity, frequency, and types of tics can vary greatly among individuals with TS and may change over time. Common motor tics include eye blinking, facial grimacing, shoulder shrugging, and head or limb jerking. Vocal tics can range from simple sounds like throat clearing, coughing, or barking to more complex phrases or words.

In some cases, TS may be accompanied by co-occurring conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety, and depression. These associated symptoms can sometimes have a greater impact on daily functioning than the tics themselves.

The exact cause of Tourette Syndrome remains unclear, but it is believed to involve genetic factors and abnormalities in certain brain regions involved in movement control and inhibition. There is currently no cure for TS, but various treatments, including behavioral therapy and medications, can help manage the symptoms and improve quality of life.

Ulnar neuropathies refer to conditions that cause damage or dysfunction to the ulnar nerve, which is one of the major nerves in the arm. The ulnar nerve runs down the forearm and through the wrist to the hand, where it provides sensation to the pinky finger and half of the ring finger, as well as motor function to the muscles that control finger movements.

Ulnar neuropathies can result from various causes, including trauma, compression, entrapment, or inflammation. Common symptoms include numbness, tingling, or weakness in the hand and fingers, particularly in the pinky and ring fingers. In more severe cases, muscle wasting and loss of dexterity may occur.

There are several types of ulnar neuropathies, depending on the location and cause of the nerve damage. For example, cubital tunnel syndrome is a type of ulnar neuropathy that results from compression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow, while ulnar nerve entrapment at the wrist (also known as Guyon's canal syndrome) can also cause ulnar neuropathies. Treatment options for ulnar neuropathies may include physical therapy, medication, or surgery, depending on the severity and underlying cause of the condition.

Hygiene is the science and practice of maintaining and promoting health and preventing disease through cleanliness in personal and public environments. It includes various measures such as handwashing, bathing, using clean clothes, cleaning and disinfecting surfaces, proper waste disposal, safe food handling, and managing water supplies to prevent the spread of infectious agents like bacteria, viruses, and parasites.

In a medical context, hygiene is crucial in healthcare settings to prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and ensure patient safety. Healthcare professionals are trained in infection control practices, including proper hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), environmental cleaning and disinfection, and safe injection practices.

Overall, maintaining good hygiene is essential for overall health and well-being, reducing the risk of illness and promoting a healthy lifestyle.

Dental caries, also known as tooth decay or cavities, refers to the damage or breakdown of the hard tissues of the teeth (enamel, dentin, and cementum) due to the activity of acid-producing bacteria. These bacteria ferment sugars from food and drinks, producing acids that dissolve and weaken the tooth structure, leading to cavities.

The process of dental caries development involves several stages:

1. Demineralization: The acidic environment created by bacterial activity causes minerals (calcium and phosphate) to be lost from the tooth surface, making it weaker and more susceptible to decay.
2. Formation of a white spot lesion: As demineralization progresses, a chalky white area appears on the tooth surface, indicating early caries development.
3. Cavity formation: If left untreated, the demineralization process continues, leading to the breakdown and loss of tooth structure, resulting in a cavity or hole in the tooth.
4. Infection and pulp involvement: As the decay progresses deeper into the tooth, it can reach the dental pulp (the soft tissue containing nerves and blood vessels), causing infection, inflammation, and potentially leading to toothache, abscess, or even tooth loss.

Preventing dental caries involves maintaining good oral hygiene, reducing sugar intake, using fluoride toothpaste and mouthwash, and having regular dental check-ups and cleanings. Early detection and treatment of dental caries can help prevent further progression and more severe complications.

Fluorides are ionic compounds that contain the fluoride anion (F-). In the context of dental and public health, fluorides are commonly used in preventive measures to help reduce tooth decay. They can be found in various forms such as sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, and calcium fluoride. When these compounds come into contact with saliva, they release fluoride ions that can be absorbed by tooth enamel. This process helps to strengthen the enamel and make it more resistant to acid attacks caused by bacteria in the mouth, which can lead to dental caries or cavities. Fluorides can be topically applied through products like toothpaste, mouth rinses, and fluoride varnishes, or systemically ingested through fluoridated water, salt, or supplements.

Fluoridation is the process of adding fluoride to a public water supply to reduce tooth decay. The level of fluoride that is typically added to the water is regulated and maintained at around 0.7-1.2 parts per million (ppm), which has been shown to be effective in reducing dental caries while minimizing the risk of fluorosis, a cosmetic condition caused by excessive fluoride intake during tooth development.

Fluoridation can also refer to the process of applying fluoride to the teeth through other means, such as topical fluoride applications in dental offices or the use of fluoride toothpaste. However, community water fluoridation is the most common and cost-effective method of delivering fluoride to a large population.

The practice of water fluoridation has been endorsed by numerous public health organizations, including the World Health Organization (WHO), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the American Dental Association (ADA). Despite some controversy surrounding the practice, extensive research has consistently shown that community water fluoridation is a safe and effective way to prevent tooth decay and improve oral health.

Dental fluorosis is a developmental disturbance of dental enamel caused by excessive exposure to fluoride during tooth development. It is characterized by hypomineralization of the enamel, resulting in various appearances ranging from barely noticeable white spots to brown staining and pitting of the teeth. The severity depends on the amount, duration, and timing of fluoride intake, as well as individual susceptibility. Mild dental fluorosis is typically asymptomatic but can affect the appearance of teeth, while severe cases may cause tooth sensitivity and increased susceptibility to tooth decay.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "toothpastes" is the plural form of "toothpaste," which is not a medical condition or procedure that requires a definition. However, I can provide you with some information about toothpaste.

Toothpaste is a dental hygiene product used to clean and maintain the health of teeth and gums. It generally contains mild abrasives, flavoring, and fluoride to help remove plaque, prevent tooth decay, and freshen breath. There are various types of toothpastes available on the market, including those formulated for sensitive teeth, whitening, gum health, and tartar control. It is essential to choose a toothpaste that meets your specific dental needs and has the American Dental Association (ADA) Seal of Acceptance, ensuring its safety and effectiveness.

Cariostatic agents are substances or medications that are used to prevent or inhibit the development and progression of dental caries, also known as tooth decay or cavities. These agents work by reducing the ability of bacteria in the mouth to produce acid, which can erode the enamel and dentin of the teeth and lead to cavities.

There are several types of cariostatic agents that are commonly used in dental care, including:

1. Fluorides: These are the most widely used and well-studied cariostatic agents. They work by promoting the remineralization of tooth enamel and making it more resistant to acid attacks. Fluoride can be found in toothpaste, mouthwashes, gels, varnishes, and fluoridated water supplies.
2. Antimicrobial agents: These substances work by reducing the population of bacteria in the mouth that contribute to tooth decay. Examples include chlorhexidine, triclosan, and xylitol.
3. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP): This is a complex protein that has been shown to help remineralize tooth enamel and reduce the risk of dental caries. It can be found in some toothpastes and mouthwashes.
4. Silver diamine fluoride: This is a topical fluoride compound that contains silver ions, which have antimicrobial properties. It has been shown to be effective in preventing and arresting dental caries, particularly in high-risk populations such as young children and older adults with dry mouth.

It's important to note that while cariostatic agents can help reduce the risk of tooth decay, they are not a substitute for good oral hygiene practices such as brushing twice a day, flossing daily, and visiting the dentist regularly.

I'm not aware of a medical definition for "DMF Index." The abbreviation "DMF" could potentially stand for many things, as it is used in various contexts across different fields. In the field of dentistry, DMF stands for Decayed, Missing, and Filled teeth/surfaces, which is a method for measuring dental caries or tooth decay. However, there is no standard medical definition for "DMF Index." If you could provide more context or specify the field of study or practice, I would be happy to help further!

Prasad, Donoghue (2013). "A comparative study of various decalcification techniques". Indian J Dent Res. 24 (3): 302-308. doi: ... Decalcification is necessary to obtain soft sections of the bone using a microtome. Every thin section of the bone that is cut ... Bone decalcification is the softening of bones due to the removal of calcium ions, and can be performed as a histological ... For example, bone decalcification has been used to examine cartilage and magnesium levels in order to understand bone decay. ...
Occupational injuries are also possible for the clinician due to improper technique, ergonomics and the weight of the handpiece ... Precautions include; teeth without existing stain, newly erupted teeth, tooth decalcification, hypo-calcification, hypoplasia, ... Trauma to soft tissues may result from improper technique or prior inflammation of tissues. Particles within the prophylactic ...
The long grassland area formed a dense vegetational mat which eventually led to the decalcification of the soil profile. In the ... probably through the use of slash and burn techniques. Environmental factors may also have made a contribution. ...
... bone demineralization technique MeSH E05.200.750.288 - decalcification technique MeSH E05.200.750.551 - histocytochemistry MeSH ... embryo culture techniques MeSH E05.200.249.484 - organ culture techniques MeSH E05.200.249.617 - tissue culture techniques MeSH ... cell culture techniques MeSH E05.200.249.374 - coculture techniques MeSH E05.200.249.437 - diffusion chambers, culture MeSH ... fluorescent antibody technique, direct MeSH E05.200.750.551.512.240.310 - fluorescent antibody technique, indirect MeSH E05.200 ...
The CLARITY technique has expanded to several applications beyond the brain. Numerous modifications have been published to ... While bone requires a simple decalcification step, similarly, plant tissue requires an enzymatic degradation of the cell wall. ... Other potential disadvantages of the technique are the length of time it takes to create and image a sample (the ... Time has often been cited as a limiting factor and disadvantage to using the CLARITY technique; however, several academic and ...
This technique is employed as accurate indicator of age among wildlife biologists on present and archaeological populations but ... On present teeth, classical histological methods are often used and require decalcification of the dental tissue and staining ... Since, this technique has a particular interest for physical and forensic anthropologists because counting cementum deposits ... The destruction of the tooth is the first inconvenient of this technique especially in the fields of archaeology and ...
The patients' age is not a limiting factor for the enamel microabrasion technique but in cases of not fully erupted teeth, it ... Croll TP (1990). "Enamel microabrasion for removal of superficial dysmineralization and decalcification defects". J Am Dent ... I. technique and examples". Quintessence Int. 17 (2): 81-7. PMID 3457401. Croll, TP; Cavanaugh, RR (Mar 1986). "Enamel color ... In this condition, correction of this yellow color can be achieved by using tooth whitening technique to mask the color. ...
The de Galantha technique and the de Galantha stain bear her name for this work. The methods, techniques and stain she ... "Improved method for rapid decalcification", American Journal of Clinical Pathology, (Tech. Supp.), 7(May):10-11, 1937 de ... She is considered a pioneer in the field of modern histology and known for the de Galantha technique and the de Galantha stain ... In addition, her travels to hospitals and laboratories across the country allowed her access to new techniques, methods and ...
An advantage of the lingual brackets over the buccal brackets is the less decalcification marks on the buccal side of the teeth ... ligating labial brackets for application in the lingual technique. Dr. Lawrence Andrews invented the Straightwire Appliance in ... "Adverse effects of lingual and buccal orthodontic techniques: A systematic review and meta-analysis". American Journal of ...
Accelerated bone decalcification, similar to osteopenia and osteoporosis on Earth, is just one such condition. Study of these ... to develop accurate chemical monitoring techniques and use the results in the setting SMACs. Of particular interest from a ...
Handbook of Histopathological and Histochemical Techniques (including museum techniques), 3rd ed. London: Butterworths, p.49. ... A variant in which the acetic acid is replaced with formic acid can be used for both fixation of tissue and decalcification. ... Handbook of Histopathological and Histochemical Techniques (including museum techniques), 3rd ed. London: Butterworths, p.49. ... Handbook of Histopathological and Histochemical Techniques (including museum techniques), 3rd ed. London: Butterworths, p.49. ...
Exposure to this simulated gravity would prevent or reduce the bone decalcification and muscle atrophy that affect individuals ... extractor Hydroextractor Lamm equation Sedimentation coefficient Sedimentation Separation process-includes list of techniques ...
As a result of decalcification of the bones and pressure from the peat under which Lindow Man was buried, his skull was ... Archaeologist Don Brothwell considers that many of the older bodies need re-examining with modern techniques, such as those ... The use of sophisticated techniques, such as computed tomography (CT) scans, has marked the investigation of the Lindow bodies ... Don Brothwell's The Bog Man and the Archaeology of People provides an account of the modern scientific techniques employed to ...
This treatment course is not preferred where a patient has poor oral hygiene, (as decalcification, tooth decay or other ... which outlined his theories and detailed his technique. This approach was founded upon the iconic "E- Arch" or 'the-arch' shape ...
One such technique is autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI), which is useful for large, isolated femoral defects in younger ... and decalcification of the trabecular bone matrix. The loose piece may stay in place or slide around, making the joint stiff ... Rationale, indications, techniques, and results". Clinics in Sports Medicine. 18 (1): 45-66, vi. doi:10.1016/S0278-5919(05) ... In attempts to address the weaker structure of the reparative fibrocartilage, new techniques have been designed to fill the ...
In the case of collagen, there are three main modes of isolation: Decalcification of small bone chunks in a 1-5% hydrochloric ... 14th International Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators and Techniques Related to their Applications. 204: 705-719 ...
There is evidence suggesting that there is less enamel decalcification associated with molar bands cemented with glass ionomer ... of apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment with a standard edgewise and a straight-wire edgewise technique". ...
White-spot decalcification may be highlighted and become more noticeable directly following a whitening process, but with ... For example, dietary intake of tannin-rich foods, poor tooth brushing technique, tobacco products, and exposure to iron salts ... Greenwall, Linda (2017-04-11), "Tooth Sensitivity Associated with Tooth Whitening", Tooth Whitening Techniques, CRC Press, pp. ...
This technology comes with a cost of 50-200 USD per ton of CO2.: TS-94 Some carbon removal techniques add alkalinity to the ... "Scleractinian Coral Species Survive and Recover from Decalcification". Science. 315 (5820): 1811. Bibcode:2007Sci...315.1811F. ... is high compared to other CDR techniques. The cost of ocean alkalinity enhancement is estimated to be 20-50 USD per ton of CO2 ... electrolysis for carbon capture is expensive and the energy consumed for the process is high compared to other CDR techniques. ...
As of 2019, the Gates Coral Lab team determined that large-scale restoration techniques would not be effective; localized ... "Future reef decalcification under a business-as-usual CO 2 emission scenario". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ... scientist are using underwater photogrammetric techniques to create accurate orthophoto of coral reefs transects and AI- ... "Local bleaching thresholds established by remote sensing techniques vary among reefs with deviating bleaching patterns during ...
Prasad, Donoghue (2013). "A comparative study of various decalcification techniques". Indian J Dent Res. 24 (3): 302-308. doi: ... Decalcification is necessary to obtain soft sections of the bone using a microtome. Every thin section of the bone that is cut ... Bone decalcification is the softening of bones due to the removal of calcium ions, and can be performed as a histological ... For example, bone decalcification has been used to examine cartilage and magnesium levels in order to understand bone decay. ...
If you are not sure of the correct fixation or decalcification technique for a specific tissue type, please consult with Dr ... Ensure adequate fixation and decalcification. Tissue that is not completely fixed or decalcified will not section well. ... Commonly used fixation and decalcification protocols are available here. ...
Decalcification describes the techniques used for removing mineral from bone, or other calcified tissue, so that high-quality ... Other techniques for increasing the efficiency of decalcification. Sonication used with EDTA has been successfully used to ... Decalcification describes the technique for removing minerals from bone or other calcified tissue so that good-quality paraffin ... If you believe the decalcification end-point is close and you wish to slow the process down so as to avoid over-decalcification ...
Histology services prepare samples for analysis using a variety of techniques for subsequent examination. ... Histology services prepare samples for analysis using a variety of techniques for subsequent examination. ... Services and techniques. We are happy to discuss your potential project and provide advice and assistance on:. *Collection of ... Histology services prepare samples for analysis using a variety of techniques for subsequent examination. ...
Evaluating Biomarkers in Metastatic Breast Cancer Bone Biopsies Without Decalcification In a recent publication in the journal ... using a suite of molecular techniques that, combined, provide a more complete picture of the disease than ever before. Using a ... developed a stream-lined technique to increase the sensitivity of peptide phospho-group identification during mass spectral... ... Clinical Chemistry, CPTAC investigators from Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center described a robust technique for evaluating ...
A modified technique applicable to the tibia has been described for neonates.16 A core of bone is cut with a hollow needle and ... An iron stain is unreliable on decalcified specimens because some or all of the iron may be removed during decalcification. ... Site and technique of biopsy. A trephine biopsy is usually most easily carried out on the posterior superior iliac spine, with ... Appropriate sterile gloves3 should be worn and an aseptic technique must be used. The procedure has been described in standard ...
Purkyne introduced techniques for decalcification of bones and teeth, embedding of tissue specimens, and eye examinations. ... John Chassar Moir lived in Scotland during the twentieth century and helped develop techniques to improve the health of ... Sachs infused the inchoate discipline of plant physiology with experimental techniques and a mechanistic stance, both of which ... a breast imaging technique that uses low-energy X-rays to produce an image of breasts. Mammograms allow doctors to diagnose ...
4. Relaxation Techniques. Mayo Clinic also touts relaxation techniques as an effective way to relieve breast pain and improve ... ACV helps with decalcification throughout your body and also balances your pH to treat other issues. For the best result, drink ... Some of the most effective treatment options include primrose oil, magnesium, dietary changes, relaxation techniques, and apple ...
Bone grossing techniques: helpful hints and procedures. Annals of Diagnostic Pathology 2008; 12:191-198. Best wishes, Izak ... The main point is in a good section before decalcification. In this situation the latter does not matter substantially, except ...
Participants must always be aware of the hazards of using limited knowledge in integrating new techniques or procedures into ... can help patients improve the outcomes of their orthodontic treatment by minimizing or ultimately eliminating decalcifications ... the practitioner can formulate a customized home care regimen with modified techniques. Through the understanding of the areas ...
It will recalcify and strengthen the enamel white spots or decalcification spots after ortho. It is great for hypersensitivity ... Due to its unique thermal effect, Racegel works in conjunction with the single cord technique. The oral temperature stiffens ...
SurgicalDecalcification TechniqueOtorhinolaryngologic Surgical ProceduresAirway ResistancePalatal Expansion TechniqueDental ... ComparativeOlfactory BulbDecalcification TechniqueOtorhinolaryngologic Surgical ProceduresNasopharynxHemangiopericytoma ... Technique for measuring air pressure and the rate of airflow in the nasal cavity during respiration.. ... Palatal Expansion Technique. An orthodontic method used for correcting narrow or collapsed maxillary arches and functional ...
Various surgical techniques have been developed to repair a diseased or damaged valve. One repair technique which has been ... and decalcification of the valve leaflets or annulus. Annuloplasty rings may be used in conjunction with any repair procedures ... In this technique, a thoracotomy is made in the right lateral side of the chest, usually in the region of the fourth or fifth ... Manufacturing techniques for the present invention will be apparent to those of skill in the art in view of the disclosure ...
... we can finally present the game changer in modern meditation techniques. This audio track is made at an incredible 54 trillion ... HomeCommercial(COMMERCIAL) 54,000,000,000,000 Hertz • TOTAL PINEAL GLAND FLUSH / DETOXIFICATION / DECALCIFICATION. (COMMERCIAL ...
Decalcification of Bone Tissue. Principles of Embedding and Common Protocols. Infiltration Techniques and Results in Different ... 4.Sectioning Techniques. Histological Techniques for Decalcified Bone and Cartilage. Techniques for Sectioning Undecalcified ... Bone-Labeling Techniques. Human Bone Biopsy. Biopsy Issues for Bone and Cartilage Tumors. Tissue Harvesting and Fixation. ... It is the first inclusive and organized reference book on histological and histomorphometrical techniques on bone and cartilage ...
Current techniques with some modifications can be efficient to restore both the anatomy and physiology (better function) of the ... Anterior leaflet extension with an autologous pericardial patch was used in 4 patients; annular decalcification, in 2 patients ... CONCLUSIONS: In favor of AVr, good patient selection, amenable techniques for the suitable pathology will give a good target ... BACKGROUND: Pulmonary artery banding (PAB) remains a crucial technique in modern cardiac surgery. Left lateral thoracotomy, ...
Introduction: Decalcification is the commonly employed technique in histopathology laboratories as a part of calcified tissue ... Efficiency of different halogen compounds for preservation of enamel during decalcification procedures. Author: Dr. Abhishek ... Chemical agents are most commonly used for routine decalcification procedures, though some agents adversely affect the tissue ...
Introduction: Decalcification is the commonly employed technique in histopathology laboratories as a part of calcified tissue ... Efficiency of different halogen compounds for preservation of enamel during decalcification procedures. Author: Dr. Abhishek ... Chemical agents are most commonly used for routine decalcification procedures, though some agents adversely affect the tissue ...
Decalcification of Bony and Hard Tissue for Histopathology Processing -- 5. Tissue Microtomy: Principle and Procedure -- 6. ... Clinical Laboratory Techniques. Cytological Techniques. Histological Techniques. Specialty. Clinical Laboratory Techniques. ... Cytological Techniques. Subjects (LCSH). Cytodiagnosis. Pathology, Cellular. Cytological Techniques. Abstract. In the newly ... Cytological Techniques - methods. Histological Techniques - methods. Pancreas - pathology. Specialty. Gastroenterology. ...
Decalcification spots, which appear as white spots on teeth, can grow up to become caries if oral hygiene is not improved. ... Proper oral hygiene techniques will be demonstrated to you to make sure that you understand them. ... Caries and decalcification spots are due to the action of bacteria in dental plaque that accumulates on teeth. ... Orthodontic appliances as such do not cause caries, decalcification or gum disease but they may be a factor in retaining food ...
... and can be performed as a histological technique to study bones and extract DNA. This process also occurs naturally during bone ... Can you fix tooth decalcification?. What is decalcification of teeth?. Patient Login. Decalcification, or "Decal" is the ... What is tooth decalcification (white spots on teeth)?. Tooth decalcification (also known aswhite spots on teeth) is one of the ... What causes bone decalcification?. Bone decalcification is the softening of bones due to the removal of calcium ions, ...
Discover techniques, tips, and insights to empower your smile and make the most of your orthodontic treatment journey. ...
A novel technique to develop thoracic spinal laminectomy and a methodology to assess the functionality and welfare of the ... As soon as a satisfactory decalcification was achieved, the specimens were cut and cleaned of soft tissues. The biomaterial was ... The surgical technique was described previously (15, 16). Briefly, unilateral laminectomy of Th13 vertebra was performed using ... Previously we described a new precision and minimally invasive technique for producing a standardized glial scar in ...
If the teeth on the outside have chalky spots and decalcification before treatment, lingual technique is the method of choice. ... The measurement technique is not only precise and fast, but also pleasant by allowing jaw measurement, even when the patient is ... The inside of the tooth is more robust and less prone to decalcification and tooth decay. Therefore, when using the lingual ... The treatment with the lingual technique therefore takes no longer than with conventional fixed braces and the results are just ...
Another limitation of this clearing technique is the procedure to determine the exact moment to stop dental decalcification. ... The technique can be used to confirm the existence of furcation canals in study specimens because it is a simple technique that ... CONCLUSION: Radiography was not better than the clearing technique to diagnose furcation canals. The clearing technique can ... The clearing technique has some limitations, such as the lack of uniform clearing in some samples. This may be associated with ...
Lower right first molar exhibiting gross caries on the mesial-buccal (MB) cusp tip with occlusal caries and decalcification. ... This restoration was entirely completed by a senior dental student using the Clear Custom Matrix Technique.. Learn how you can ... This is what you can expect from using the Clear Custom Matrix Technique, easily saving 5 to 10 minutes of chair-time on each ...
Following decalcification, all of the acid must be washed out of the specimen; otherwise, poor staining may result. Washing for ... commercial products), as this allows molecular techniques to be undertaken when necessary. Calcium can be removed successfully ... First, before decalcification, the tissue must be well fixed. Second, slices, not whole specimens, should be decalcified. Third ... Because routine microscopic examination of bone requires decalcification of the tissue before embedding and sectioning, disease ...
... ascertain the need for and perform fixation techniques that are non-routine such as EM preparations and bone decalcification. ... Performs staining of tissue sections, including histochemical, immunohistochemical and other advanced staining techniques. ... and theories in performing new or difficult specialized testing methods or techniques. (b) Ability to provide technical ... or adapting new staining methods or techniques, improving existing methods as necessary for routine histotechnology procedures ...
The application and process of performing special techniques including Decalcification of bone, Special stains, ... Bancroft, J. D., Layton, C., & Suvarna, S. K. (2013). Bancrofts theory and practice of histological techniques. ... At the core of the program is the application of all techniques in the practice of oncology. It is designed to provide an adept ... An understanding of the core components of basic histocytological techniques through comprehensive high-level training is ...
Decalcification. Those white spots are caused by decalcification, or the removal of the minerals, especially calcium and ... Brush after every meal, and talk to us about the best products and techniques for cleaning your teeth and appliances. And be ... Treating Decalcification. You might need cosmetic dentistry to eliminate or reduce white spots on the enamel. In some cases, ... Preventing Decalcification. But, obviously, prevention is always better than treatment. Here are some of the ways to keep your ...
  • If you are not sure of the correct fixation or decalcification technique for a specific tissue type, please consult with Dr Tang. (upenn.edu)
  • Other valve repair techniques in current use include commissurotomy (cutting the valve commissures to separate fused valve leaflets), shortening mitral or tricuspid valve chordae tendonae, reattachment of severed mitral or tricuspid valve chordae tendonae or papillary muscle tissue, and decalcification of the valve leaflets or annulus. (justia.com)
  • Introduction: Decalcification is the commonly employed technique in histopathology laboratories as a part of calcified tissue preparation for the microscopic examination. (journalcra.com)
  • Chemical agents are most commonly used for routine decalcification procedures, though some agents adversely affect the tissue integrity and staining properties. (journalcra.com)
  • Why is tissue decalcification necessary? (terasolartisans.com)
  • Decalcification (demineralization) of calcified cartilage and bone is often undertaken to soften the tissue for subsequent segmentation and ultramicrotomy. (terasolartisans.com)
  • While incomplete decalcification can lead to tissue distortions (and possibly a damaged microtome), over-decalcification causes problems with staining, in particular nuclear staining. (terasolartisans.com)
  • As occasionally an unexpected underlying neoplastic process may be found, we routinely ensure that at least some of the tissue is decalcified in gentle decalcifying agents (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA] or other more recently available commercial products), as this allows molecular techniques to be undertaken when necessary. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • First, before decalcification, the tissue must be well fixed. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Demonstrate acceptable knowledge and practical skills in tissue staining, special techniques, basic microscopy and safe laboratory practices. (intercancer.com)
  • thus, decalcification is needed especially for the hard tissue to be processed into slides to be examined under the microscope. (actascientific.com)
  • For many years, the analysis of such deformations was carried out through histological studies of the mineralized tissue, which meant the decalcification of the said tissue and the obtention of histological sections of variable thickness, later visualized by light microscopy or transmission electron microscopy, in time-consuming processes prior to obtaining any results [4]. (crimsonpublishers.com)
  • Although these histological techniques offer an analysis field of tissue architecture, they provide little quantifiable chemical information regarding the loss of mineralization. (crimsonpublishers.com)
  • In this regard, the incorporation of physicochemical analysis techniques offers a quantifiable alternative, without the need to decalcify the bone tissue, making use of the same sample through a complete microstructural analysis by Variable Pressure Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled to an Energy Detector Dispersive X-ray (VP SEM-EDX). (crimsonpublishers.com)
  • While most offices use standard ring-shaped bands that have to be pushed down into the gum tissue to be seated over the teeth, we use an advanced technique with 3D-printed metal bands to avoid this. (gamacheorthodontics.com)
  • Histology services prepare samples for analysis using a variety of techniques for subsequent examination. (otago.ac.nz)
  • The unit provides a well-equipped laboratory for performing histological analysis for diagnostic and research purposes, as well as staff with the necessary expertise to offer advice and guidance on histology and cytological techniques. (otago.ac.nz)
  • With our specialised equipment and expert team of scientists and technicians, we have the flexibility to tailor our histology techniques to suit any research project. (otago.ac.nz)
  • Complementary techniques including micro X-ray computed tomography combined with 3D modeling using image processing, scanning electron microscopy, fluorochrome labeling, conventional histology (H&E, TRAP), and immunohistochemistry (RANKL, OPN) elucidated the dynamic nature of bone, the periodontal ligament-space and cementum in the rat periodontium. (chestervetclinic.com)
  • Bone decalcification is the softening of bones due to the removal of calcium ions, and can be performed as a histological technique to study bones and extract DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since calcium-rich bones are exceedingly difficult to study, scientists use bone decalcification to make specimens available for their research. (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, bone decalcification has been used to examine cartilage and magnesium levels in order to understand bone decay. (wikipedia.org)
  • Decalcification is a lengthy procedure, as bone pieces have to be left in the decalcifying agent for days to weeks, depending on the size of the bone. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are numerous methods to test when bone decalcification is complete, such as X-ray examination, chemical analysis, and measurement of specimen flexibility. (wikipedia.org)
  • Decalcification is necessary to obtain soft sections of the bone using a microtome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Decalcification of bone: literature review and practical study of various decalcifying agents. (wikipedia.org)
  • In a recent publication in the journal Clinical Chemistry, CPTAC investigators from Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center described a robust technique for evaluating biomarker expression of key receptors in patients with breast cancer bone metastasis using non-decalcified bone biopsies in immuno. (cancer.gov)
  • Bone grossing techniques: helpful hints and procedures. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • It is the first inclusive and organized reference book on histological and histomorphometrical techniques on bone and cartilage specimens. (medicosrepublic.com)
  • What causes bone decalcification? (terasolartisans.com)
  • What does decalcification bone look like? (terasolartisans.com)
  • The application and process of performing special techniques including Decalcification of bone, Special stains, Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence introduction and molecular/ISH. (intercancer.com)
  • It is a sensitive technique and can detect changes in bone density only 6-12 months after a previous measurement is obtained. (medscape.com)
  • Decalcification spots , which appear as white spots on teeth, can grow up to become caries if oral hygiene is not improved. (orthodontisteenligne.com)
  • What is tooth decalcification (white spots on teeth)? (terasolartisans.com)
  • Those white spots are caused by decalcification, or the removal of the minerals, especially calcium and phosphorus, that strengthen our enamel. (magic-smiles.com)
  • White spots are common and can be caused by a number of factors from when the adult teeth are developing as well as decalcification which is the loss of minerals from the enamel. (clevelandorthodontics.com)
  • The demineralization process we mentioned above can cause white spots on teeth (decalcification), where minerals have dissolved. (broganbraces.com)
  • Bacteria found in dental plaque accumulating on the teeth cause caries and tooth decalcification. (orthodontisteenligne.com)
  • Caries and decalcification spots are due to the action of bacteria in dental plaque that accumulates on teeth. (orthodontisteenligne.com)
  • Unless these debris are removed completely, there may be problems occurring such as decalcification or discoloration of teeth and gum infections . (orthodontisteenligne.com)
  • The main way to treat decalcification is through the process of remineralization, which will restore those necessary minerals to the teeth. (terasolartisans.com)
  • What does decalcification of teeth mean? (terasolartisans.com)
  • What is decalcification of teeth? (terasolartisans.com)
  • Decalcification, or "Decal" is the permanent weakening and erosion of the tooth's enamel (the hard, outer layer of the teeth that protects against tooth decay). (terasolartisans.com)
  • Orthodontic decalcification or braces decalcifcation of teeth from/after braces appears in the form of white lines or spots on the areas of the teeth where your dentist glued the brackets. (terasolartisans.com)
  • Another method of reducing orthodontic decalcification is teeth whitening or bleaching. (terasolartisans.com)
  • Tooth decalcification (also known aswhite spots on teeth) is one of the most common dental problems. (terasolartisans.com)
  • To evaluate the presence of furcation canals of permanent mandibular teeth using radiography and a clearing technique. (bvsalud.org)
  • Brush after every meal, and talk to us about the best products and techniques for cleaning your teeth and appliances. (magic-smiles.com)
  • If you make a decision to get braces, you will want to take added care of your teeth in order to stop gum illness, tooth decay, and decalcification.In a septic tank, strong waste settles to the bottom and scum rises to the leading. (wikidot.com)
  • Icon is a very gentle procedure which uses a combination of a special solution and polishing technique to remove the spots on the teeth. (clevelandorthodontics.com)
  • By 3D printing the metal bands, they only sit on top of the teeth like a hat and are held in place by dental adhesive that contains fluoride to prevent any decalcification during treatment. (gamacheorthodontics.com)
  • Getting rid of the bacteria and plaque on your enamel and around your gum line will greatly reduce your chances of decalcification-and cavities. (magic-smiles.com)
  • Bonding with conventional composites requires a sensitive and multi-step technique, which must be orderly and judiciously followed, aiming not to compromise the adhesive resistance of the orthodontic accessories to the tooth enamel, requiring an operative field, free of moisture and without contamination [ 6 ]. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • Specimens can be EXACT prior to decalcification or to decalcify prior to cutting before embedding in wax. (actascientific.com)
  • After decalcification, the specimens are embedded in wax and trimmed using the microtome to yield 4 - 5μ thick sections. (actascientific.com)
  • Always feel free to talk to our Portland, Beaverton, or Sacappoose, OR team about concerns you might have about decalcification, discoloration, or any other potential problems. (magic-smiles.com)
  • EDTA is used as chelating agent for decalcification. (terasolartisans.com)
  • Decalcification solutions commonly used are formic acid (5-10% in saline) [3] and ethylenediamine tetraacetate acid (EDTA) [3]. (actascientific.com)
  • Through the understanding of the areas within the mouth that are more at risk due to braces or fixed appliance placement, the dental provider can help patients improve the outcomes of their orthodontic treatment by minimizing or ultimately eliminating decalcifications, dental caries and periodontal disease. (dentalcare.com)
  • White spot lesions appear in the first six months after the start of fixed orthodontic treatment [ 2 , 5 ], indicating how quickly decalcification occurs and can become irreversible, progressing to tooth decay. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • Commonly used fixation and decalcification protocols are available here . (upenn.edu)
  • By describing various components of orthodontic braces and appliances, devices developed to assist in homecare, and products available for caries prevention, the practitioner can formulate a customized home care regimen with modified techniques. (dentalcare.com)
  • This can lead to decalcification (surface staining) and eventually to caries. (orthodontisteenligne.com)
  • Orthodontic appliances as such do not cause caries , decalcification or gum disease but they may be a factor in retaining food particles and dental plaque. (orthodontisteenligne.com)
  • Lower right first molar exhibiting gross caries on the mesial-buccal (MB) cusp tip with occlusal caries and decalcification. (jameshamiltondds.com)
  • Why do braces cause tooth decalcification? (terasolartisans.com)
  • Another reason for tooth decalcification is poor oral care when usingdental braces. (terasolartisans.com)
  • Unfortunately, because many orthodontic patients don't brush thoroughly around their braces, decalcification is an all-too-common problem. (magic-smiles.com)
  • Decalcification occurs when calcium and phosphorous minerals are removed from the tooth surface. (terasolartisans.com)
  • Regarding the presence and quantification of minerals, the percentages exhibited by both techniques showed higher values, given the homogenization by reduction by the pulverization process. (crimsonpublishers.com)
  • Notre technologie de pointe modulaire s'appuie sur l'expérience de milliers de mises en place d'Aperio Digital Pathology à travers le monde. (leicabiosystems.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: In favor of AVr, good patient selection, amenable techniques for the suitable pathology will give a good target hence the aim of the work. (bvsalud.org)
  • What is pathology decalcification? (terasolartisans.com)
  • Proper oral hygiene techniques will be demonstrated to you to make sure that you understand them. (orthodontisteenligne.com)
  • At the beginning of treatment, we give very precise oral hygiene and brushing instructions by demonstrating the proper techniques you must use. (orthodontisteenligne.com)
  • Decalcification is commonly done by using chelating agents or acid-decalcifying solutions [2]. (actascientific.com)
  • Decalcification is the process of removing calcium from tissues. (terasolartisans.com)
  • However, if used in combination they have shown to produce decalcification at a faster rate and with minimal damage to the tissues. (actascientific.com)
  • It discusses the principles of and offers clear guidance on all routine and special laboratory techniques. (nshealth.ca)
  • Some of the most effective treatment options include primrose oil, magnesium, dietary changes, relaxation techniques, and apple cider vinegar. (earthclinic.com)
  • Unlike other known experimental methods of SCI simulation (compression, contusion, etc.), the proposed technique is characterized by minimal invasiveness, high precision, and reproducibility. (frontiersin.org)
  • This is what you can expect from using the Clear Custom Matrix Technique, easily saving 5 to 10 minutes of chair-time on each composite you place. (jameshamiltondds.com)
  • This book provides detailed information on basic and advanced laboratory techniques in histopathology and cytology. (nshealth.ca)
  • Have a basic understanding of cytology techniques. (intercancer.com)
  • Additionally, limited access to highly advanced diagnostic techniques in Low resource settings further compounds these diagnostic challenges. (intercancer.com)
  • OBJECTIVES: In recent years, repair techniques for diseased aortic valves have received increasing attention. (bvsalud.org)
  • We report a case of redo aortic prosthesis replacement for a severe paravalvular leak (PVL) in a man operated with continuous suture technique 7 years earlier. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We report a case of redo aortic prosthesis replacement after 7 years from the operation and we discuss the role of suture technique in this case of severe paraprosthetic leak without any clearly infection signs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to a "parachute technique" the sutures were suspended (left loose) to enable an easier suturing of the aortic annulus and sewing ring of the artificial valve prior to lower the prosthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After the prosthesis explant, a new aortic mechanical prosthesis was implanted (23 mm S. Jude, S. Jude Medical, St. Paul, MN, USA), using interrupted suture technique with 2-0 Ethibond (Ethicon) polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon)-buttressed stitches. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This restoration was entirely completed by a senior dental student using the Clear Custom Matrix Technique. (jameshamiltondds.com)
  • What are the usual problems during decalcification? (terasolartisans.com)
  • For the first time in Spain, Nancy Aidelman presents a course based on Feldenkrais , a technique that over the years has proven to be very useful in people with chronic pain and mobility problems. (ortocanis.com)
  • For more than a decade he has been dedicated to both techniques and helps people with motor deficiencies, pelvic floor problems and decalcification and dogs with mobility and pain problems . (ortocanis.com)
  • Participants must always be aware of the hazards of using limited knowledge in integrating new techniques or procedures into their practice. (dentalcare.com)
  • In spite of operations to replace malfunctioning heart valves are common procedures and performed all over the world from more than 50 years, there is still an open debate about the most suitable suture technique. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At the core of the program is the application of all techniques in the practice of oncology. (intercancer.com)
  • Have a basic understanding of Immunohistochemical and Molecular/In-situ hybridization techniques. (intercancer.com)
  • Morphological Study of the Seminal Fluid -- 4.1 Preparation of Semen Smears -- 4.2 Staining Techniques -- 5. (nshealth.ca)
  • Almost 18 months ago, CPTAC researchers from the Integrative Omics Group at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), developed a stream-lined technique to increase the sensitivity of peptide phospho-group identification during mass spectral. (cancer.gov)
  • Ask Dr. Joseph Brogan about the tools and the brushing and flossing techniques which will give you the best results. (broganbraces.com)
  • In addition, with both techniques it was possible to detect the presence of other metals such as iron and aluminum [7]. (crimsonpublishers.com)
  • One repair technique which has been shown to be effective in treating incompetence, particularly of the mitral and tricuspid valves, is annuloplasty, in which the effective size of the valve annulus is contracted by attaching a prosthetic annuloplasty ring to the endocardial surface of the heart around the valve annulus. (justia.com)
  • Subsequently, the sample is pulverized for surface area analysis (porosimetry) and elemental quantification through a Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence (TXRF) technique. (crimsonpublishers.com)
  • ACV helps with decalcification throughout your body and also balances your pH to treat other issues. (earthclinic.com)
  • Although mitral valve repair and replacement can successfully treat many patients with mitral valvular insufficiency, techniques currently in use are attended by significant morbidity and mortality. (justia.com)