Death. Medical search

The termination of the cell's ability to carry out vital functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, responsiveness, and adaptability.

Factors which produce cessation of all vital bodily functions. They can be analyzed from an epidemiologic viewpoint.

Irreversible cessation of all bodily functions, manifested by absence of spontaneous breathing and total loss of cardiovascular and cerebral functions.

Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death. (from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 7th ed., 2005)

A state of prolonged irreversible cessation of all brain activity, including lower brain stem function with the complete absence of voluntary movements, responses to stimuli, brain stem reflexes, and spontaneous respirations. Reversible conditions which mimic this clinical state (e.g., sedative overdose, hypothermia, etc.) are excluded prior to making the determination of brain death. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp348-9)

Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.

Conceptual response of the person to the various aspects of death, which are based on individual psychosocial and cultural experience.

A family of intracellular CYSTEINE ENDOPEPTIDASES that play a role in regulating INFLAMMATION and APOPTOSIS. They specifically cleave peptides at a CYSTEINE amino acid that follows an ASPARTIC ACID residue. Caspases are activated by proteolytic cleavage of a precursor form to yield large and small subunits that form the enzyme. Since the cleavage site within precursors matches the specificity of caspases, sequential activation of precursors by activated caspases can occur.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

A family of cell surface receptors that signal via a conserved domain that extends into the cell CYTOPLASM. The conserved domain is referred to as a death domain due to the fact that many of these receptors are involved in signaling APOPTOSIS. Several DEATH DOMAIN RECEPTOR SIGNALING ADAPTOR PROTEINS can bind to the death domains of the activated receptors and through a complex series of interactions activate apoptotic mediators such as CASPASES.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

All deaths reported in a given population.

Postmortem examination of the body.

A short pro-domain caspase that plays an effector role in APOPTOSIS. It is activated by INITIATOR CASPASES such as CASPASE 9. Isoforms of this protein exist due to multiple alternative splicing of its MESSENGER RNA.

The pathological process occurring in cells that are dying from irreparable injuries. It is caused by the progressive, uncontrolled action of degradative ENZYMES, leading to MITOCHONDRIAL SWELLING, nuclear flocculation, and cell lysis. It is distinct it from APOPTOSIS, which is a normal, regulated cellular process.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Membrane proteins encoded by the BCL-2 GENES and serving as potent inhibitors of cell death by APOPTOSIS. The proteins are found on mitochondrial, microsomal, and NUCLEAR MEMBRANE sites within many cell types. Overexpression of bcl-2 proteins, due to a translocation of the gene, is associated with follicular lymphoma.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

A tumor necrosis factor receptor subtype found in a variety of tissues and on activated LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for FAS LIGAND and plays a role in regulation of peripheral immune responses and APOPTOSIS. Multiple isoforms of the protein exist due to multiple ALTERNATIVE SPLICING. The activated receptor signals via a conserved death domain that associates with specific TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS in the CYTOPLASM.

Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

An infant during the first month after birth.

Splitting the DNA into shorter pieces by endonucleolytic DNA CLEAVAGE at multiple sites. It includes the internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, which along with chromatin condensation, are considered to be the hallmarks of APOPTOSIS.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Endogenous and exogenous compounds and that either inhibit CASPASES or prevent their activation.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

The segregation and degradation of damaged or unwanted cytoplasmic constituents by autophagic vacuoles (cytolysosomes) composed of LYSOSOMES containing cellular components in the process of digestion; it plays an important role in BIOLOGICAL METAMORPHOSIS of amphibians, in the removal of bone by osteoclasts, and in the degradation of normal cell components in nutritional deficiency states.

An in situ method for detecting areas of DNA which are nicked during APOPTOSIS. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase is used to add labeled dUTP, in a template-independent manner, to the 3 prime OH ends of either single- or double-stranded DNA. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick end labeling, or TUNEL, assay labels apoptosis on a single-cell level, making it more sensitive than agarose gel electrophoresis for analysis of DNA FRAGMENTATION.

A long pro-domain caspase that contains a death effector domain in its pro-domain region. Caspase 8 plays a role in APOPTOSIS by cleaving and activating EFFECTOR CASPASES. Activation of this enzyme can occur via the interaction of its N-terminal death effector domain with DEATH DOMAIN RECEPTOR SIGNALING ADAPTOR PROTEINS.

Postnatal deaths from BIRTH to 365 days after birth in a given population. Postneonatal mortality represents deaths between 28 days and 365 days after birth (as defined by National Center for Health Statistics). Neonatal mortality represents deaths from birth to 27 days after birth.

Intracellular signaling adaptor proteins that bind to the cytoplasmic death domain region found on DEATH DOMAIN RECEPTORS. Many of the proteins in this class take part in intracellular signaling from TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTORS.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

A member of the Bcl-2 protein family that reversibly binds MEMBRANES. It is a pro-apoptotic protein that is activated by caspase cleavage.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

A member of the Bcl-2 protein family and homologous partner of C-BCL-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN. It regulates the release of CYTOCHROME C and APOPTOSIS INDUCING FACTOR from the MITOCHONDRIA. Several isoforms of BCL2-associated X protein occur due to ALTERNATIVE SPLICING of the mRNA for this protein.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods.

Molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. These reactive oxygen intermediates include SINGLET OXYGEN; SUPEROXIDES; PEROXIDES; HYDROXYL RADICAL; and HYPOCHLOROUS ACID. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of PHAGOCYTES, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS.

New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

A long pro-domain caspase that contains a caspase recruitment domain in its pro-domain region. Caspase 9 is activated during cell stress by mitochondria-derived proapoptotic factors and by CARD SIGNALING ADAPTOR PROTEINS such as APOPTOTIC PROTEASE-ACTIVATING FACTOR 1. It activates APOPTOSIS by cleaving and activating EFFECTOR CASPASES.

A transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that was originally discovered on cells of the lymphoid-myeloid lineage, including activated T-LYMPHOCYTES and NATURAL KILLER CELLS. It plays an important role in immune homeostasis and cell-mediated toxicity by binding to the FAS RECEPTOR and triggering APOPTOSIS.

Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Inhibitors of SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES and sulfhydryl group-containing enzymes. They act as alkylating agents and are known to interfere in the translation process.

The killing of one person by another.

NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).

The systems and processes involved in the establishment, support, management, and operation of registers, e.g., disease registers.

The act of killing oneself.

Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Maternal deaths resulting from complications of pregnancy and childbirth in a given population.

Exogenous and endogenous compounds which inhibit CYSTEINE ENDOPEPTIDASES.

A nonparametric method of compiling LIFE TABLES or survival tables. It combines calculated probabilities of survival and estimates to allow for observations occurring beyond a measurement threshold, which are assumed to occur randomly. Time intervals are defined as ending each time an event occurs and are therefore unequal. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1995)

Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of multiple ADP-RIBOSE groups from nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) onto protein targets, thus building up a linear or branched homopolymer of repeating ADP-ribose units i.e., POLY ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSE.

A member of the bcl-2 protein family that plays a role in the regulation of APOPTOSIS. Two major isoforms of the protein exist due to ALTERNATIVE SPLICING of the BCL2L1 mRNA and are referred to as Bcl-XS and Bcl-XL.

A pro-apoptotic protein and member of the Bcl-2 protein family that is regulated by PHOSPHORYLATION. Unphosphorylated Bad protein inhibits the activity of BCL-XL PROTEIN.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

The probability that an event will occur. It encompasses a variety of measures of the probability of a generally unfavorable outcome.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

An inhibitory T-lymphocyte receptor that has specificity for CD274 ANTIGEN and PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH 1 LIGAND 2 PROTEIN. Signaling by the receptor limits T cell proliferation and INTERFERON GAMMA synthesis. The receptor also may play an essential role in the regulatory pathway that induces PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.

Based on known statistical data, the number of years which any person of a given age may reasonably expected to live.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.

Tumor necrosis factor receptor family members that are widely expressed and play a role in regulation of peripheral immune responses and APOPTOSIS. The receptors are specific for TNF-RELATED APOPTOSIS-INDUCING LIGAND and signal via conserved death domains that associate with specific TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS in the CYTOPLASM.

A transmembrane-protein belonging to the TNF family of intercellular signaling proteins. It is a widely expressed ligand that activates APOPTOSIS by binding to TNF-RELATED APOPTOSIS-INDUCING LIGAND RECEPTORS. The membrane-bound form of the protein can be cleaved by specific CYSTEINE ENDOPEPTIDASES to form a soluble ligand form.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Nuclear phosphoprotein encoded by the p53 gene (GENES, P53) whose normal function is to control CELL PROLIFERATION and APOPTOSIS. A mutant or absent p53 protein has been found in LEUKEMIA; OSTEOSARCOMA; LUNG CANCER; and COLORECTAL CANCER.

Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.

Products of proto-oncogenes. Normally they do not have oncogenic or transforming properties, but are involved in the regulation or differentiation of cell growth. They often have protein kinase activity.

Used for general articles concerning statistics of births, deaths, marriages, etc.

The voltage difference, normally maintained at approximately -180mV, across the INNER MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE, by a net movement of positive charge across the membrane. It is a major component of the PROTON MOTIVE FORCE in MITOCHONDRIA used to drive the synthesis of ATP.

Accidental or deliberate use of a medication or street drug in excess of normal dosage.

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

The confinement of a patient in a hospital.

Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

Cell surface receptors that bind TUMOR NECROSIS FACTORS and trigger changes which influence the behavior of cells.

A pathological condition caused by lack of oxygen, manifested in impending or actual cessation of life.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

A CELL LINE derived from human T-CELL LEUKEMIA and used to determine the mechanism of differential susceptibility to anti-cancer drugs and radiation.

Small double-stranded, non-protein coding RNAs (21-31 nucleotides) involved in GENE SILENCING functions, especially RNA INTERFERENCE (RNAi). Endogenously, siRNAs are generated from dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) by the same ribonuclease, Dicer, that generates miRNAs (MICRORNAS). The perfect match of the siRNAs' antisense strand to their target RNAs mediates RNAi by siRNA-guided RNA cleavage. siRNAs fall into different classes including trans-acting siRNA (tasiRNA), repeat-associated RNA (rasiRNA), small-scan RNA (scnRNA), and Piwi protein-interacting RNA (piRNA) and have different specific gene silencing functions.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

Ongoing scrutiny of a population (general population, study population, target population, etc.), generally using methods distinguished by their practicability, uniformity, and frequently their rapidity, rather than by complete accuracy.

A strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials.

Medical and nursing care of patients in the terminal stage of an illness.

Refers to the whole process of grieving and mourning and is associated with a deep sense of loss and sadness.

A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)

Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.

A family of serine-threonine kinases that plays a role in intracellular signal transduction by interacting with a variety of signaling adaptor proteins such as CRADD SIGNALING ADAPTOR PROTEIN; TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTOR 2; and TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED DEATH DOMAIN PROTEIN. Although they were initially described as death domain-binding adaptor proteins, members of this family may contain other protein-binding domains such as those involving caspase activation and recruitment.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

Deaths that occur before LIFE EXPECTANCY is reached within a given population.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS.

Accidents on streets, roads, and highways involving drivers, passengers, pedestrians, or vehicles. Traffic accidents refer to AUTOMOBILES (passenger cars, buses, and trucks), BICYCLING, and MOTORCYCLES but not OFF-ROAD MOTOR VEHICLES; RAILROADS nor snowmobiles.

The process by which chemical compounds provide protection to cells against harmful agents.

Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.

Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.

A multi-domain mitochondrial membrane protein and member of the bcl-2 Protein family. Bak protein interacts with TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53 and promotes APOPTOSIS.

A protein of the annexin family isolated from human PLACENTA and other tissues. It inhibits cytosolic PHOSPHOLIPASE A2, and displays anticoagulant activity.

An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.

A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

Death resulting from the presence of a disease in an individual, as shown by a single case report or a limited number of patients. This should be differentiated from DEATH, the physiological cessation of life and from MORTALITY, an epidemiological or statistical concept.

A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. The cell cycle includes INTERPHASE, which includes G0 PHASE; G1 PHASE; S PHASE; and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

Disruption of structural continuity of the body as a result of the discharge of firearms.

A 34 kDa signal transducing adaptor protein that associates with TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR TYPE 1. It facilitates the recruitment of signaling proteins such as TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTOR 2 and FAS ASSOCIATED DEATH DOMAIN PROTEIN to the receptor complex.

A condition or physical state produced by the ingestion, injection, inhalation of or exposure to a deleterious agent.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

A subgroup of mitogen-activated protein kinases that activate TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP-1 via the phosphorylation of C-JUN PROTEINS. They are components of intracellular signaling pathways that regulate CELL PROLIFERATION; APOPTOSIS; and CELL DIFFERENTIATION.

The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

A conserved class of proteins that control APOPTOSIS in both VERTEBRATES and INVERTEBRATES. IAP proteins interact with and inhibit CASPASES, and they function as ANTI-APOPTOTIC PROTEINS. The protein class is defined by an approximately 80-amino acid motif called the baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis repeat.

A long pro-domain caspase that has specificity for the precursor form of INTERLEUKIN-1BETA. It plays a role in INFLAMMATION by catalytically converting the inactive forms of CYTOKINES such as interleukin-1beta to their active, secreted form. Caspase 1 is referred as interleukin-1beta converting enzyme and is frequently abbreviated ICE.

The first continuously cultured human malignant CELL LINE, derived from the cervical carcinoma of Henrietta Lacks. These cells are used for VIRUS CULTIVATION and antitumor drug screening assays.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

A negative regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

A long pro-domain caspase that contains a caspase recruitment domain in its pro-domain region. Activation of this enzyme can occur via the interaction of its caspase recruitment domain with CARD SIGNALING ADAPTOR PROTEINS. Caspase 2 plays a role in APOPTOSIS by cleaving and activating effector pro-caspases. Several isoforms of this protein exist due to multiple alternative splicing of its MESSENGER RNA.

Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

The application of pathology to questions of law.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

The event that a FETUS is born dead or stillborn.

The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.

Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.

Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.

A short pro-domain caspase that plays an effector role in APOPTOSIS. It is activated by INITIATOR CASPASES such as CASPASE 3 and CASPASE 10. Several isoforms of this protein exist due to multiple alternative splicing of its MESSENGER RNA.

The administrative procedures involved with acquiring TISSUES or organs for TRANSPLANTATION through various programs, systems, or organizations. These procedures include obtaining consent from TISSUE DONORS and arranging for transportation of donated tissues and organs, after TISSUE HARVESTING, to HOSPITALS for processing and transplantation.

Quaternary ammonium analog of ethidium; an intercalating dye with a specific affinity to certain forms of DNA and, used as diiodide, to separate them in density gradients; also forms fluorescent complexes with cholinesterase which it inhibits.

ENDOPEPTIDASES which have a cysteine involved in the catalytic process. This group of enzymes is inactivated by CYSTEINE PROTEINASE INHIBITORS such as CYSTATINS and SULFHYDRYL REAGENTS.

A gene silencing phenomenon whereby specific dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) trigger the degradation of homologous mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER). The specific dsRNAs are processed into SMALL INTERFERING RNA (siRNA) which serves as a guide for cleavage of the homologous mRNA in the RNA-INDUCED SILENCING COMPLEX. DNA METHYLATION may also be triggered during this process.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Ubiquitous, inducible, nuclear transcriptional activator that binds to enhancer elements in many different cell types and is activated by pathogenic stimuli. The NF-kappa B complex is a heterodimer composed of two DNA-binding subunits: NF-kappa B1 and relA.

A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).

The number of CELLS of a specific kind, usually measured per unit volume or area of sample.

Research techniques that focus on study designs and data gathering methods in human and animal populations.

The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.

A CARD signaling adaptor protein that plays a role in the mitochondria-stimulated apoptosis (APOPTOSIS, INTRINSIC PATHWAY). It binds to CYTOCHROME C in the CYTOSOL to form an APOPTOSOMAL PROTEIN COMPLEX and activates INITIATOR CASPASES such as CASPASE 9.

Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.

An indolocarbazole that is a potent PROTEIN KINASE C inhibitor which enhances cAMP-mediated responses in human neuroblastoma cells. (Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995;214(3):1114-20)

A group of cytochromes with covalent thioether linkages between either or both of the vinyl side chains of protoheme and the protein. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p539)

Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning TOBACCO.

The B-cell leukemia/lymphoma-2 genes, responsible for blocking apoptosis in normal cells, and associated with follicular lymphoma when overexpressed. Overexpression results from the t(14;18) translocation. The human c-bcl-2 gene is located at 18q24 on the long arm of chromosome 18.

Toxic substances from microorganisms, plants or animals that interfere with the functions of the nervous system. Most venoms contain neurotoxic substances. Myotoxins are included in this concept.

Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

A group of enzymes that catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues in proteins, with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.

Summarizing techniques used to describe the pattern of mortality and survival in populations. These methods can be applied to the study not only of death, but also of any defined endpoint such as the onset of disease or the occurrence of disease complications.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

The presence of co-existing or additional diseases with reference to an initial diagnosis or with reference to the index condition that is the subject of study. Comorbidity may affect the ability of affected individuals to function and also their survival; it may be used as a prognostic indicator for length of hospital stay, cost factors, and outcome or survival.

Cysteine proteinase found in many tissues. Hydrolyzes a variety of endogenous proteins including NEUROPEPTIDES; CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS; proteins from SMOOTH MUSCLE; CARDIAC MUSCLE; liver; platelets; and erythrocytes. Two subclasses having high and low calcium sensitivity are known. Removes Z-discs and M-lines from myofibrils. Activates phosphorylase kinase and cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.22.4.

A broad category of carrier proteins that play a role in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. They generally contain several modular domains, each of which having its own binding activity, and act by forming complexes with other intracellular-signaling molecules. Signal-transducing adaptor proteins lack enzyme activity, however their activity can be modulated by other signal-transducing enzymes

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

A tumor necrosis factor receptor subtype that has specificity for TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA and LYMPHOTOXIN ALPHA. It is constitutively expressed in most tissues and is a key mediator of tumor necrosis factor signaling in the vast majority of cells. The activated receptor signals via a conserved death domain that associates with specific TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS in the CYTOPLASM.

A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.

Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard the oxidation of a substance to which it is added. They counteract the harmful and damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues.

Individuals supplying living tissue, organs, cells, blood or blood components for transfer or transplantation to histocompatible recipients.

Number of deaths of children between one year of age to 12 years of age in a given population.

A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another.

Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.

High molecular weight proteins found in the MICROTUBULES of the cytoskeletal system. Under certain conditions they are required for TUBULIN assembly into the microtubules and stabilize the assembled microtubules.

Normal, appropriate sorrowful response to an immediate cause. It is self-limiting and gradually subsides within a reasonable time.

Deaths occurring from the 28th week of GESTATION to the 28th day after birth in a given population.

A protein-serine-threonine kinase that is activated by PHOSPHORYLATION in response to GROWTH FACTORS or INSULIN. It plays a major role in cell metabolism, growth, and survival as a core component of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. Three isoforms have been described in mammalian cells.

Divisions of the year according to some regularly recurrent phenomena usually astronomical or climatic. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The expiry date of man: a synthesis of evolutionary biology and public health. (1/646)

In industrialised countries, mortality and morbidity are dominated by age related chronic degenerative diseases. The health and health care needs of future populations will be heavily determined by these conditions of old age. Two opposite scenarios of future morbidity exist: morbidity might decrease ("compress"), because life span is limited, and the incidence of disease is postponed. Or morbidity might increase ("expand"), because death is delayed more than disease incidence. Optimality theory in evolutionary biology explains senescence as a by product of an optimised life history. The theory clarifies how senescence is timed by the competing needs for reproduction and survival, and why this leads to a generalised deterioration of many functions at many levels. As death and disease are not independent, future morbidity will depend on duration and severity of the process of senescence, partly determined by health care, palliating the disease severity but increasing the disease duration by postponing death. Even if morbidity might be compressed, health care needs will surely expand. (+info)

The case for a statutory 'definition of death'. (2/646)

Karen Quinlan, the American girl who has lain in deep coma for many months, is still 'alive', that is to say, her heart is still beating and brain death has not occurred. However, several other cases have raised difficult issues about the time of death. Dr Skegg argues that there is a case for a legal definition of death enshrined in statutory form. He suggests that many of the objections to a statutory provision on death are misplaced, and that a statute concerning the occurrence of death could remove all doubts in the minds of both doctors and public as to whether a 'beating heart cadaver' was dead or alive for legal purposes. (+info)

beta2-adrenergic receptor-selective agonist clenbuterol prevents Fas-induced liver apoptosis and death in mice. (3/646)

Stimulation of the cAMP-signaling pathway modulates apoptosis in several cell types and inhibits Jo2-mediated apoptosis in cultured rat hepatocytes. No information is yet available as to whether the hepatic beta2-adrenergic receptor (AR) expression level, including beta2-AR-dependent adenylyl cyclase activation, modulates hepatocyte sensitivity to apoptosis in vivo or whether this sensitivity can be modified by beta2-AR ligands. We have examined this using C57BL/6 mice, in which hepatic beta2-AR densities are low, and transgenic F28 mice, which overexpress beta2-ARs and have elevated basal liver adenylyl cyclase activity. The F28 mice were resistant to Jo2-induced liver apoptosis and death. The beta-AR antagonist propranolol sensitized the F28 livers to Jo2. In normal mice clenbuterol, a beta2-AR-specific agonist, considerably reduced Jo2-induced liver apoptosis and death; salbutamol, another beta2-AR-selective agonist, also reduced Jo2-induced apoptosis and retarded death but with less efficacy than clenbuterol; and propranolol blocked the protective effect of clenbuterol. This indicates that the expression level of functional beta2-ARs modulates Fas-regulated liver apoptosis and that this apoptosis can be inhibited in vivo by giving beta2-AR agonists. This may well form the basis for a new therapeutic approach to diseases involving abnormal apoptosis. (+info)

Antitumor and immunotherapeutic effects of activated invasive T lymphoma cells that display short-term interleukin 1alpha expression. (4/646)

Expression of cytokines in malignant cells represents a novel approach for therapeutic treatment of tumors. Previously, we demonstrated the immunostimulatory effectiveness of interleukin 1alpha (IL-1alpha) gene transfer in experimental fibrosarcoma tumors. Here, we report the antitumor and immunotherapeutic effects of short-term expression of IL-1alpha by malignant T lymphoma cells. Activation in culture of T lymphoma cells with lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages induces the expression of IL-1alpha. The short-term expression of IL-1alpha persists in the malignant T cells for a few days (approximately 3-6 days) after termination of the in vitro activation procedure and, thus, has the potential to stimulate antitumor immune responses in vivo. As an experimental tumor model, we used the RO1 invasive T lymphoma cell line. Upon i.v. inoculation, these cells invade the vertebral column and compress the spinal cord, resulting in hind leg paralysis and death of the mice. Activated RO1 cells, induced to express IL-1alpha in a short-term manner, manifested reduced tumorigenicity: approximately 75% of the mice injected with activated RO1 cells remained tumor free. IL-1 was shown to be essential for the eradication of activated T lymphoma cells because injection of activated RO1 cells together with IL-1-specific inhibitors, i.e., the IL-1 receptor antagonist or the M 20 IL-1 inhibitor, reversed reduced tumorigenicity patterns and led to progressive tumor growth and death of the mice. Furthermore, activated RO1 cells could serve as a treatment by intervening in the growth of violent RO1 cells after tumor take. Thus, when activated RO1 cells were injected 6 or 9 days after the inoculation of violent cells, mortality was significantly reduced. IL-1alpha, in its unique membrane-associated form, in addition to its cytosolic and secreted forms, may represent a focused adjuvant for potentiating antitumor immune responses at low levels of expression, below those that are toxic to the host. Further assessment of the immunotherapeutic potential of short-term expression of IL-1alpha in activated tumor cells may allow its improved application in the treatment of malignancies. (+info)

Targeted disruption of the murine Nhe1 locus induces ataxia, growth retardation, and seizures. (5/646)

In most cells, the ubiquitously expressed Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) is thought to be a primary regulator of pH homeostasis, cell volume regulation, and the proliferative response to growth factor stimulation. To study the function of NHE1 during embryogenesis when these cellular processes are very active, we targeted the Nhe1 gene by replacing the sequence encoding transmembrane domains 6 and 7 with the neomycin resistance gene. NHE activity assays on isolated acinar cells indicated that the targeted allele is functionally null. Although the absence of NHE1 is compatible with embryogenesis, Nhe1 homozygous mutants (-/-) exhibit a decreased rate of postnatal growth that is first evident at 2 wk of age. At this time, Nhe1 -/- animals also begin to exhibit ataxia and epileptic-like seizures. Approximately 67% of the -/- mutants die before weaning. Postmortem examinations frequently revealed an accumulation of a waxy particulate material inside the ears, around the eyes and chin, and on the ventral surface of the paws. Histological analysis of adult tissues revealed a thickening of the lamina propria and a slightly atrophic glandular mucosa in the stomach. (+info)

Hypersensitivity to seizures in beta-amyloid precursor protein deficient mice. (6/646)

Secreted forms of the beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) have neuroprotective properties in vitro and may be involved in the containment of neuronal excitation. To test whether loss of secreted forms of beta-APP (sAPPs) may enhance excitotoxic responses, we injected mice homozygous for a targeted mutation of the beta-APP gene (beta-APPDelta/Delta) intraperitoneally with kainic acid. We found that in these mice, kainic acid induced seizures initiated earlier, and acute mortality was enhanced compared to isogenic wild-type mice independently from the callosal agenesis phenotype observed to occur at increased frequency in APP mutant mice. Expression of c-fos in cortex and cingulate gyrus was enhanced in beta-APPDelta/Delta mice, although the amount of structural damage and apoptosis in the hippocampal pyramidal cell layer and cortex was similar to that of controls. When cerebellar granule cell cultures and cortical neuronal cultures were challenged with glutamate receptor agonists, the rates of cell death and apoptosis of beta-APPDelta/Delta mice were indistinguishable from those of controls. Therefore, deficiency of sAPPs causes facilitation of seizure activity in the absence of enhanced cell death. Since enhanced seizures were observed also in mice homozygous for a deletion of the entire beta-APP gene, this phenotype results from a loss of APP rather than from a dominant effect of APPDelta. (+info)

Impaired glucose homeostasis and neonatal mortality in hepatocyte nuclear factor 3alpha-deficient mice. (7/646)

Hepatocyte nuclear factors 3 (HNF-3) belong to an evolutionarily conserved family of transcription factors that are critical for diverse biological processes such as development, differentiation, and metabolism. To study the physiological role of HNF-3alpha, we generated mice that lack HNF-3alpha by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Mice homozygous for a null mutation in the HNF-3alpha gene develop a complex phenotype that is characterized by abnormal feeding behavior, progressive starvation, persistent hypoglycemia, hypotriglyceridemia, wasting, and neonatal mortality between days 2 and 14. Hypoglycemia in HNF-3alpha-null mice leads to physiological counter-regulatory responses in glucocorticoid and growth hormone production and an inhibition of insulin secretion but fails to stimulate glucagon secretion. Glucagon-producing pancreatic alpha cells develop normally in HNF-3alpha-/- mice, but proglucagon mRNA levels are reduced 50%. Furthermore, the transcriptional levels of neuropeptide Y are also significantly reduced shortly after birth, implying a direct role of HNF-3alpha in the expression of these genes. In contrast, mRNA levels were increased in HNF-3 target genes phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphophatase, insulin growth factor binding protein-1, and hexokinase I of HNF-3alpha-null mice. Mice lacking one or both HNF-3alpha alleles also show impaired insulin secretion and glucose intolerance after an intraperitoneal glucose challenge, indicating that pancreatic beta-cell function is also compromised. Our results indicate that HNF-3alpha plays a critical role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and in pancreatic islet function. (+info)

Does hospital at home for palliative care facilitate death at home? Randomised controlled trial. (8/646)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact on place of death of a hospital at home service for palliative care. DESIGN: Pragmatic randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Former Cambridge health district. PARTICIPANTS: 229 patients referred to the hospital at home service; 43 randomised to control group (standard care), 186 randomised to hospital at home. INTERVENTION: Hospital at home versus standard care. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Place of death. RESULTS: Twenty five (58%) control patients died at home compared with 124 (67%) patients allocated to hospital at home. This difference was not significant; intention to treat analysis did not show that hospital at home increased the number of deaths at home. Seventy three patients randomised to hospital at home were not admitted to the service. Patients admitted to hospital at home were significantly more likely to die at home (88/113; 78%) than control patients. It is not possible to determine whether this was due to hospital at home itself or other characteristics of the patients admitted to the service. The study attained less statistical power than initially planned. CONCLUSION: In a locality with good provision of standard community care we could not show that hospital at home allowed more patients to die at home, although neither does the study refute this. Problems relating to recruitment, attrition, and the vulnerability of the patient group make randomised controlled trials in palliative care difficult. While these difficulties have to be recognised they are not insurmountable with the appropriate resourcing and setting. (+info)

Death. (BrUp 1.2.7. trans. Müller) God of death implicitly, in eṣa vā aśvamedho ya eṣa tapati "verily, that Ashvamedha is that ... Mara (Hindu goddess), the goddess of death according to Hindu mythology. Mṛtyu-māra as death in Buddhism or Māra, a "demon" of ... Mṛtyu (from Vedic Sanskrit: मृत्यु IAST:mRtyu ; Latin cognate mortis), is a Sanskrit word meaning Death. Mṛtyu or Death is ... Yama (Sanskrit: यम) is the lord of death in Hinduism and Buddhism. Yama in Hinduism. Yama in Buddhism. Vedic mṛtyú, along with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mrtyu

CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) "Death of an Artist". The New Zealand Times (9894). Wellington, New Zealand. 27 April ... ISBN 978-1-86940-771-1. "Death". The Colonist (7630). Nelson, New Zealand. 15 May 1893. p. 1 (supplement). Retrieved 6 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kate_Sperrey

p. 2. "Death". Auckland Star. XXI (4122). 20 September 1883. p. 2. Retrieved 31 January 2019. v t e. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McLeod_(New_Zealand_politician)

"Death of Mr Francis Jollie". The Timaru Herald. XIII. 3 December 1870. p. 2. Retrieved 13 July 2012. "Married". Lyttelton Times ... "Death". Lyttelton Times. XXXIV (3088). 3 December 1870. p. 2. Retrieved 1 March 2019. Holm, Janet (2005). Caught Mapping: The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Jollie

p. 2. "Death". Waikato Times. XLI (3315). 26 September 1893. p. 4. Retrieved 23 February 2014. "Local and General". The Star ( ... "Death". The Timaru Herald. LV (5743). 8 August 1893. p. 2. Retrieved 23 February 2014. "Marriages". The Star (5733). 28 ... "Deaths". The Press. LXVII (14051). 24 May 1911. p. 1. Retrieved 22 February 2014. Harper, Margaret. "Christchurch Street Names ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Cox_(politician)

"Death". Grey River Argus. 16 September 1881. "Death". Marlborough Express. 16 September 1881. "Statue". The Press. 26 September ... Moorhouse was elected to represent Akaroa in the 1st New Zealand Parliament, and remained an MP until his death. In his ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Sefton_Moorhouse

After Renwick's death, his wife lived there until 1937. Later, the house became known as Renwick House. Still standing, it is ... "Death". Nelson Evening Mail. XIV (274). 29 November 1879. p. 2. Retrieved 3 November 2020. Reed, A. W. (2010). Peter Dowling ( ... They arrived in Nelson on 25 October 1842, with two children having died on the voyage (which is considered a low death rate). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Renwick

Darpan, Pratiyogita (August 1998). "Death". Competition Science Vision. p. 792. Miles, Dick (6 May 1968). "The Channel Is a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brojen_Das

ISBN 978-0-473-36572-1. "Death". Auckland Star in Papers Past. 15 January 1892. "Funeral". Thames Star in Papers Past. 15 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Anderson_(rugby_union)

"Death". Hokitika Guardian. 17 November 1928. p. 4. Retrieved 27 September 2020.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bevan_(politician)

Death? Of course I think of it. But I don't want to dwell on it ... I think the thing you think about when you're my age is how ... Grant on death, later in life. Grant was at the Adler Theater in Davenport, Iowa, on the afternoon of Saturday, November 29, ... I'm going to lie in bed…. I shall just close all doors, turn off the telephone, and enjoy my life". Grace Kelly's death was the ... Grant became a fan of the comedians Morecambe and Wise in the 1960s, and remained friends with Eric Morecambe until his death ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cary_Grant

Death.' to the C.H.A.O.S. Split album released on July 20, 2017 through Art of Propaganda. The album was dedicated to the ... There's no conformity involved as far as genres-black metal, death metal, whatever. I just write riffs that feel right to me. ... Though the band's style can be broadly categorized as blending elements of death metal or black metal, critics have noted the ... muddy blast-beat death/black metal succeeds and it's succeeded by abysmal doom metal passages." NPR Music compared the EP to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bölzer

Death; 2. Imprisonment; 3. Fine; 4. Removal from office; or, 5. Disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semicolon

Death: the inevitability of death" and then pulled a newspaper cutting from his pocket and read out the following quote from de ... meaning death, release from deathlessness, and explains "Through death, men can let go; in their deathlessness, elves cannot. ... All men must die, but for every man his death is an accident, and even if he knows it and consents to it, an unjustifiable ... He finally took his death (for those kings had the freedom and grace to die at will) at the age of five hundred. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Half-elf

"Death Resolution: Senator Tony Gabaldon". AZleg.state.az.us. January 1998. Retrieved November 21, 2013. Eckman-Onyskow, Bev ( ... Death. Sex. Heartbreak". GRRM.livejournal.com. Archived from the original on February 14, 2015. Retrieved September 18, 2014. " ... DeNardo, John (January 14, 2010). "Songs of Love and Death edited by George R.R. Martin and Gardner Dozois". SF Signal. ... "Pocket Releases Songs of Love and Death". GeorgeRRMartin.com. November 24, 2010. Retrieved September 18, 2014. Martin, George R ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diana_Gabaldon

"Death. William Henry Gebhard Jr. of scarlet fever, youngest son of late Frederick C. Gebhard, aged 10 years". The New York ... They were each entitled to 1/24th part of this estate plus a part of their aunt Nora's share due to her death in 1874. Her ... "FREDERICK NEILSON'S DEATH. THE FATAL ILLNESS OF THE POPULAR SOCIETY MAN" (PDF). The New York Times. July 29, 1887. Retrieved 21 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabelle_Gebhard_Neilson

Mea'ole died a year later in 1963, leaving Tanumafili as the sole holder of the office until his death in 2007, aged 94. His ... death. The position is that of a ceremonial Head of State, while actual power is held by the Prime Minister, whom the Head of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O_le_Ao_o_le_Malo

Death". When Finlander tries to justify sinking the Novosibrsk because "war is hell", Commodore Schrepke replies "a nuclear ... Does it not all naturally culminate in the totality of death and destruction?...Look and see what the Cold War really is. The ... leading the latter to embark upon a course that leads to the deaths of everyone abroad the Bedford. Munceford comes to serve as ... anti-Communism and relentless determination to provoke a confrontation with a Soviet submarine that leads to the deaths of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Bedford_Incident

Death? Get over it". SFX. Retrieved 14 July 2011. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) The New World on Tardis Data Core, an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_World_(Torchwood)

zimbabweournalists.com details of death Jan Raath, "Double cross turns tables on Mugabe militia", The Times, 24 October 2003, p ... Death." [1] On taking up his office, Dr Jokonya offered regular meetings with journalists to discuss their coverage. He told ... "Jokonya death: Family rules out foul play", Zimbabwe Herald, 26 June 2006. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tichaona_Jokonya

... (born 28 July 1902; death:?) was member of Indian National Congress, who served as a member of Indian ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhavanji_Arjan_Khimji

Death. Irvin, Zuri (January 17, 2016). "Writing Jokes with Allie Goertz". Medium. Retrieved June 28, 2019. Kremkau, Bryan ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allie_Goertz

"Death of Mr John White". West Coast Times (2322). 6 September 1876. p. 2. Retrieved 8 March 2014. Scholefield 1950, p. 243. ... "Death". Grey River Argus. XXXVIII (6773). 2 June 1890. p. 2. Retrieved 8 March 2014. "Wellington News". The Star (6869). 3 June ... "Death of another Legislative Councillor". Ashburton Guardian. XII (2430). 2 June 1890. p. 2. Retrieved 8 March 2014. ... He was a member of the New Zealand Legislative Council from 9 July 1872 until his death. Lahmann died aged 74 on 1 June 1890 at ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Lahmann

"Death". The Nelson Evening Mail. XXIII (325). 24 December 1889. p. 2. Retrieved 21 June 2015. Sources Richardson, Lesley (1995 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Richardson_(politician_born_1812)

After her death he falls deeply in love with Sasha, an elusive and somewhat feral princess in the entourage of the Russian ... Death? Marriage?". For Woolf herself, the book was compensation for a sense of loss. Woolf was often hurt by Sackville-West's ... her constraining female clothes and an incident in which a flash of her ankle nearly results in a sailor's falling to his death ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orlando:_A_Biography

"Death". Free BMD. "History" (PDF). All England Badminton. Matthews/Morrison, Peter/Ian. The Guinness Encyclopaedia of Sports ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Bateman

"Death" - Transition. Change. Death. - The Last Day of Pompeii by Karl Brullov. "King of Swords" - A powerful commander. A wise ... Madness, or even death. [...] The only way to receive the full measure of the boon is if it's freely granted, in sound mind, by ... Upon his death, the Prince shall rise.' - The Prince, that's me. Management was the Prophet. It's all in this book. He needed ... Upon his death, the Prince shall rise," and "[Behold the Usher. A dark heart dwells where branches meet.] Anointed dagger ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mythology_of_Carnivàle

"Death". Colonist. XXXV (7404). 18 August 1892. p. 3. Retrieved 2 February 2016. "Secondary schools". Cyclopedia of New Zealand ... "Births, Marriages, and Deaths". Wellington Independent. XXI (2480). 14 February 1867. p. 4. Retrieved 2 February 2016. "Married ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Bunny

DEATH. LIARDET.- On the 21st March, at Vogeltown, W. F. Evelyn Liardet, aged 79 years, father of Mr. Hector and Sinclair ... "DEATH OF MR. JOHN EVELYN LIARDET". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 30 October 1902. p. 7. Retrieved ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilbraham_Liardet

"Death". The Press. III (294). 9 October 1863. p. 2. Retrieved 8 June 2016. Greenaway, Richard L. N. (June 2007). "Barbadoes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Ruddenklau

Fourth, our estimate of influenza-associated deaths relies on information about location of death from death certificates. ... However, death certificate data during the 2018-2019 season were not available at the time of estimation. We have used death ... Furthermore, our model uses the frequency of influenza-related deaths that have cause of death related to pneumonia or ... Influenza-associated Pediatr Deaths Identified Through Minnesotas Unexplained Critical Illness and Death Project - Minnesota, ...

https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/burden/2018-2019.html

This report describes the number and rate of heat-related deaths that occurred in the United States during 2004-2018. ... This report describes the number and rate of heat-related deaths that occurred in the United States during 2004-2018. ... Alcohol poisoning deaths were identified using underlying cause-of-death codes X45, X65, and Y15. Drug overdose deaths were ... deaths from ischemic heart diseases, 438 (10%) deaths from hypertension, and 773 (18%) deaths from alcohol poisoning and drug ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6924a1.htm

17 The death certificate database includes all deaths in Ontario. Causes of death were determined from death certificates, ... Mean age at death was 39 years. Among women 18-44 years of age, the most common causes of death were HIV/AIDS and drug overdose ... 31, 1997, or, in the case of decedents, date of death.14,17 Mortality rates were calculated by dividing the number of deaths by ... Deaths in the study population were ascertained by comparing the database of shelter users with Ontario death certificate ...

http://www.cmaj.ca/content/170/8/1243.full

I have done many studies and research on opioid deaths and what I found is very few opioid deaths are caused by prescription ... that accounts for 1,000X greater fatalities/deaths (and OD deaths) than ANY Physician-prescribed opiate regime EVER has -or ... Most opioid deaths are from illegal fentanyl opioid drugs. This is not fair to the millions of legitimate people in pain suffer ... Deaths from opioids have been rising sharply for years, and drug overdoses already kill more Americans under age 50 than ...

https://www.statnews.com/2017/06/27/opioid-deaths-forecast/

A fact sheet that describes the incidence and death rates for selected cancers among racial and ethnic groups living in the ... The lowest death rates for prostate cancer are found in Asian/Pacific Islander men. Incidence and death rates for prostate ... The highest death rate from cervical cancer is among African American/Black women. Incidence and death rates for cervical ... For all cancers combined, the death rate is 25 percent higher for African Americans/Blacks than for Whites. Incidence and death ...

https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/organization/crchd/cancer-health-disparities-fact-sheet

3: Alzheimers doesnt lead to death.. Sadly, its the sixth leading cause of death in the U.S. Most people live 8 to 10 years ...

https://www.webmd.com/alzheimers/features/5-alzheimers-disease-myths

... a death rate of 1 in 24,000 translates to 1.5 deaths per day (541 children annually); while a death rate of 1 in 500,000 ... Death rate is likely to be significantly higher from non-medicalized circumcisions performed at home, en masse, and/or under ... Estimated Number of Circumcision-Related Deaths. (based on 1994 world estimate of circumcised males: 647,701,200). 1,295 to ... male circumcisions performed, or the number of circumcision-related complications or deaths. ...

http://www.noharmm.org/incidenceworld.htm

Ryuks Death Note is found by an honors student named Light Yagami. At first he doesnt believe the Death Note is for real, but ... Death Note, on Nippon TV ANN; Characters Database; Hulu; IMDb; Madman; TV.com; TV Tropes; VIZ; Wikia; Wikipedia Caution: ... Oh, and you might want to check out Bad Horse Death Note, by Tom Smith. Its a very short song about this series, to the tune ... And the deaths all benefit the Yotsuba Corporation. There is a group of eight members of the corporation who have regular ...

https://www.angelfire.com/weird/ektomage/otakuphrenia/anime/deathnote.html

... When an U.S. citizen dies abroad, the Bureau of Consular Affairs assists the family and friends. The Bureau of ... For more information on the Consular Report of the Death of an American Abroad, and other services that a consular officer can ... Upon issuance of a local (foreign) death certificate, the nearest embassy or consulate may prepare a Consular Report of the ... citizen who dies abroad if the deceased has no legal representative or next-of-kin in the country where the death occurred, ...

https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/while-abroad/death-abroad1.html

Faked death Karōshi Last rites List of deaths by year Memento mori Near-death experience Origin-of-death myth Spiritual death ... Casualty (person) Day of Judgment Day of the Dead Deathbed Death drive Death row Death trajectory Doomsday Dying declaration ... real death is distinguished from reversible death. The leading cause of human death in developing countries is infectious ... Death is part of several key Buddhist tenets, such as the Four Noble Truths and dependent origination. In Hindu texts, death is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death

The Black Death: A Personal History. Black Death. an alternative view.. Was it Haemorrhagic fever, spread by virus, like Ebola? ... Rosemary Horrox - Black Death. original documents - essential reading. John Hatcher - The details of the epidemic in a Norfolk ... The death of birds suggests Bird Flu. The fact that Iceland was affected, even though there were no rats there at that time, ... However, if Black Death was a virus like Ebola or Marburg, a repeat is possible. At present these viruses are so rare that ...

https://www.angelfire.com/mac/egmatthews/worldinfo/topics/blackdeath.html

The man, still walking down the highway, meets Death. The man decides to make Death the childs godfather saying that Death ... If Death stands at the persons head, that person is to be given the special herb found in the forest, and cured. But, if Death ... The next Sunday, Death becomes the childs godfather. When the boy comes of age, Death appears to him and leads him into the ... Death explains that the length of each candle shows how much longer a person has to live. When Death shows the physician his ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godfather_Death

"Death Valley Weather". US National Park Service.. *^ a b c "Weather and Climate". Death Valley National Park. U.S. National ... Death Valley. NPS.gov. Retrieved 29 May 2009.. *^ Masters, Jeff. "Historic Heat Wave Reponsible(sic) for Death Valleys 129°F ... "Death Valley" (2013), a song from the studio album Save Rock and Roll by Fall Out Boy, is named after Death Valley, as well as ... Death Valley (TV series), a 2011 MTV horror comedy series[42]. *Death Valley Days (1930-1945 radio series; 1952-1970 TV series ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_valley

Eternal Death at AllMusic. Retrieved 26 March 2021. Snow, Drew (14 July 1997). "Crown of Thorns - _Eternal Death_". Chronicles ... CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) Heaton, Dave (29 March 2015). "Eternal Death: Eternal Death". PopMatters. "Review: The ... Eternal Death is the second album of Crown of Thorns. It was originally released in 1997 and later re-issued under the bands ... "THE CROWN - ETERNAL DEATH". CrossFire. Retrieved 26 March 2021. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) v t e. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eternal_Death

Death in Sanatorium B.J. Winslow - Death in Morgue Joan Farrell - Traci The New York Times DVD Talk Death Tunnel at IMDb Death ... Death Tunnel is a 2005 horror movie filmed at the Waverly Hills Sanatorium. It stars Steffany Huckaby, Annie Burgstede, Kristin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_Tunnel

Death anxiety may refer to: Existential angst The Sickness Unto Death & The Concept of Anxiety, psychological works on angst by ... by the group Bleeding Through This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Death anxiety. If an internal ... theory that says humans are so motivated to deal with their fear of dying that it can affect their beliefs and behaviours Death ... Søren Kierkegaard Death anxiety (psychology) Necrophobia, an abnormal fear of dead things, or the related condition of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_anxiety

Texas jurys quick death sentence for John William King, which the WP puts on page 3, while the LAT runs it on page 28. The... ... USAT leads with a Jasper, Texas jurys quick death sentence for John William King, which the WP puts on page 3, while the LAT ... Also, the papers dont mention it, but this story should give pause to anyone who thinks the death penalty is a deterrent. The ... The paper goes on to report that since the Supreme Court reinstated the death penalty in 1976, nationwide eight whites have ...

https://slate.com/news-and-politics/1999/02/sudden-death.html

the death) The collapse or end of something. England scored a goal at the death to even the score at one all. death of the ... death from natural causes), mate whawhati tata (sudden death), mate koeo (natural death), hautapu (by violence) ... death (countable and uncountable, plural deaths). *The cessation of life and all associated processes; the end of an organisms ... often capitalized) The personification of death as a hooded figure with a scythe; the Grim Reaper. When death walked in, a ...

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/death

I do not believe it is possible to know how much of his misery at this time was due to malaria, to medicines, or to the death ... David Brown: People with MEN 2B are definitely prone to illness and early death, which is why Lincolns longevity (he died at ... Arlington, Va.: Are individuals with this condition more prone to illness and early death? I notice in pictures of Lincolns ... The first was in connection with the death of Lincolns near-fiancee, Ann Rutledge. (This is a hugely controversial point with ...

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/discussion/2007/11/25/DI2007112501232.html?sid=ST2007112600664

Death from Above. The amount of killing in Jagged Alliance may put some people off, but a higher principle is at work, one from ...

https://www.wired.com/1995/11/death-from-above/?pg=21

Death Note: Directed by Adam Wingard. With Nat Wolff, LaKeith Stanfield, Margaret Qualley, Shea Whigham. A high school student ... Death note should have been adapted in a slightly slower paced film, and had minimal gore (most of people died by heart attack ... Death Notes film adaptation chose this second route. I have the feeling that they didnt understand at all what was the series ... at around 23 mins) When Light shows Mia the Death Note for the first time he asks her to read the last entry. The last entry ...

https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1241317/

The crude mortality rate or crude death rate is defined as the ratio of the number of deaths during the year to the average ... The infant mortality rate is defined as the ratio of the number of deaths of children under one year of age to the number of ... Mortality is the number of deaths for a given area during a given period. Infant mortality is the mortality of live-born ... A death, according to the United Nations definition, is the permanent disappearance of all vital functions without possibility ...

https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Glossary:Death_rate

What happens after death?. So when it comes to death, what are we sure of? Well we know what happens to your body from the ... Take the tragic deaths of people caught in the 9/11 bombings or the death of Princess Diana. This may not be grief after all, ... Life after death?. Perhaps the most intriguing question for many people is whether or not there is life after death. A few have ... A week after death, blood-coloured blisters appear on the skin and the slightest pressure causes the top layer to slip off. ...

https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn12759-introduction-death/

Some in-custody deaths are inevitable; for example, elderly inmates may die of old age. But certain types of death are highly ... Reducing Child Deaths in Nigeria. A program paid expectant mothers in Nigeria to use prenatal, delivery, and postnatal health ... Deaths involving fentanyl and other synthetic opioids have surged from around 3,000 in 2013 to more than 30,000 in 2018. ... This led to a substantial decrease in child deaths. Scaling this program up across Nigeria could reduce stillbirths by 85,000 ...

https://www.rand.org/topics/death-rate.html

http://www.mediafire.com/file/9hz9ywx38u8bhn2/remember-death-1.mcworld/file. .header { position: absolute; width: 230px; height ...

https://www.mediafire.com/file/9hz9ywx38u8bhn2/remember-death-1.mcworld/file

Brain death implies the permanent absence of cerebral and brainstem functions. criteria for dx clinically confirmatory dx ... Brain death presentation * 1. Brain death 24 May 2016 brain death * 2. Brain Death Out line  What is brain death?  Causes of ... Causes: Brain Death 24 May 2016 brain death Normal Cerebral Anoxia * 11. Causes: Brain Death 24 May 2016 brain death Normal ... Causes: Brain Death 24 May 2016 brain death Normal Cerebral Trauma * 13. Brain Death : Mechanism 24 May 2016 brain death ...

https://www.slideshare.net/SolomonAlemu2/brain-death-presentation

The Impact of the Death Penalty The Death Penalty Kills the Innocent:. Since 1973, 138 death-row prisoners have been released ... The Death Penalty Cost More than Life in Prison: Prosecuting a death penalty case is extremely expensive for a state and drains ... The Death Penalty is Unfair: The death penalty has never been applied fairly across race, class, and gender lines. Who is ... Death Penalty Disproportionate for Rape Coker v. Georgia (1977): The Supreme Court ruled that the use of the death penalty in ...

https://www.aclu.org/print/node/25701

The Black Death was a devastating global epidemic of bubonic plague that struck Europe and Asia in the mid-1300s. The plague ... Black Death is created, allegedly. According to scholars at the University of Paris, the Black Death is created on this day in ... Black Death Begins Even before the "death ships" pulled into port at Messina, many Europeans had heard rumors about a "Great ... Understanding the Black Death Today, scientists understand that the Black Death, now known as the plague, is spread by a ...

https://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/black-death

A Quandary For the Supreme Court In Death Penalty Case. The US Supreme Court is hearing arguments in Baze v. Rees ( href="http ... Ed writes, "Alabama is the only state in the nation that allows judges to overrule juries on death penalty decisions." In other ... I understand that Im probably in the minority in this country in my opposition to the death penalty. My fellow Americans ...

https://scienceblogs.com/seed/2011/08/18/on-becoming-a-domestic-and

Even when we have video of a death threat there are those who try to deny that scientists have been threatened. Like, oh, The ... What The Australian did in several stories was pretend that a lack of death threats in emails over just six months at the ANU ... Media Watch reports on media coverage of death threats on climate scientists: One news outlet comes out of it, in our opinion, ... "I was confronted with a death threat when I gave my public lecture," Professor Schellnhuber said. "Somebody got to his feet and ...

https://scienceblogs.com/tag/death-threat

The paper goes on to report that since the Supreme Court reinstated the death penalty in 1976, nationwide eight whites have been executed for killing blacks while 123 blacks have been put to death for killing whites. (slate.com)

Three countries have signed treaties to abolish the death penalty, but not have not yet ratified them: Angola, Madagascar, Sao Tome and Principe. (infoplease.com)
The Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights to Abolish the Death Penalty. (amnesty.org)
Jesuit priest and former prison chaplain Father Peter Norden said Australia had a responsibility to pressure other countries to abolish the death penalty. (smh.com.au)
Additionally, a bill to abolish the death penalty passed the legislature in 2009, but was vetoed by former Governor Jodie Rell. (ncsl.org)

Amnesty International recorded at least 1,477 death sentences in 54 countries in 2020, a decrease of 36% from the total of 2,307 reported in 2019. (amnesty.org)
At least 28,567 people were known to be under sentence of death globally at the end of 2020. (amnesty.org)
Fresh off of their recent Grammy nomination for Best Metal Album of the Year (Humanicide, 2019), Thrash Metal giants DEATH ANGEL descend to unveil their Autumn 2020 EP: Under Pressure. (spotify.com)

The Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty. (amnesty.org)
Protocol No. 6 to the European Convention on Human Rights, concerning the abolition of the death penalty, and Protocol No. 13 to the European Convention on Human Rights, concerning the abolition of the death penalty in all circumstances. (amnesty.org)
China's top legislature is considering the abolition of the death penalty for a range of non-violent economic crimes. (cnbc.com)
China's top legislature said on Monday it was considering the abolition of the death penalty for a range of non-violent economic crimes, including animal smuggling, tax evasion and forgery. (cnbc.com)
The ruling blocks the state from proceeding with the executions of the 11 men who remained on death row after the abolition of the death penalty. (ncsl.org)

Death is the permanent, irreversible cessation of all biological functions that sustain a living organism. (wikipedia.org)
clarification needed] More specifically, death occurs when a living entity experiences irreversible cessation of all functioning. (wikipedia.org)
As it pertains to human life, death is an irreversible process where someone loses their existence as a person. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, the arguments for and against the DCDD boil down to a matter of defining the actual words "permanent" and "irreversible," which further complicates the challenge of defining death. (wikipedia.org)
As diagnostic technologies have advanced, declaring total and irreversible brain death has become ever more problematic. (newscientist.com)
Brain death , State of irreversible destruction of the brain . (britannica.com)

A record cannot be identified as available prior to purchase because under State statute (IC 16-37-1-11 and IC 37-1-11.5), the fee associated with a death certificate is for the ISDH Vital Records office to search the records to determine if a record is on file. (in.gov)

Following their 2017 debut, Standing at the Edge of the World, and follow-up single "Echoes," Death Bells left their hometown of Sydney for the United States. (spotify.com)

A cohort of 1981 women not accompanied by dependent children who used homeless shelters in Toronto in 1995 was observed for death over a mean of 2.6 years. (cmaj.ca)
This is a significant decrease from 20 years ago in 1995, when there were executions in 42 countries, highlighting the clear global trend of states moving away from the death penalty. (infoplease.com)
Nationwide, a study by Columbia University School of Law Professor James Liebman found that 68 percent of death penalty appeals were successful between 1973 and 1995. (law.com)
Nel 1995 anche il Live After Death , come tutti gli altri album pubblicati dagli Iron Maiden fino a quel momento, venne ripubblicato in versione doppio CD con le b-side dei singoli inseriti nel secondo CD (per la precisione i brani Losfer Words (Big 'Orra) , Sanctuary e Murders in the Rue Morgue ). (wikipedia.org)

CDC estimates that the burden of illness during the 2018-2019 season included an estimated 35.5 million people getting sick with influenza, 16.5 million people going to a health care provider for their illness, 490,600 hospitalizations, and 34,200 deaths from influenza ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)
By combining data on hospitalization rates, influenza testing practices, and the frequency of death in and out of the hospital from death certificates, we estimate that there were approximately 480 deaths associated with influenza in children during 2018-2019. (cdc.gov)
CDC estimates that influenza was associated with more than 35.5 million illnesses, more than 16.5 million medical visits, 490,600 hospitalizations, and 34,200 deaths during the 2018-2019 influenza season. (cdc.gov)

Some people call SIDS "crib death" because many babies who die of SIDS are found in their cribs. (medlineplus.gov)
Most SIDS deaths are associated with sleep, which is why it's sometimes still called "crib death. (kidshealth.org)
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) or crib death, sudden, unexpected, and unexplained death of an apparently healthy infant under one year of age (usually between two weeks and eight months old). (infoplease.com)

He cites the often-criticized case of Calvin Burdine, convicted and sentenced to death in Harris County for a 1983 robbery and murder. (law.com)

We report mortality rates and causes of death in a cohort of women who used homeless shelters in Toronto. (cmaj.ca)
Mortality is the number of deaths for a given area during a given period. (europa.eu)
The mortality rate or death rate is the mortality expressed as a proportion of the population. (europa.eu)

Such determination, therefore, requires drawing precise conceptual boundaries between life and death. (wikipedia.org)
NPR coverage of Erasing Death: The Science That Is Rewriting the Boundaries Between Life and Death by Sam, M.D., Ph.D. Parnia and Josh Young. (npr.org)

Well, before long Ryuk informs Light that a shinigami can see a person's true name and remaining life span when they look at them, and a shinigami could give this power ("shinigami eyes") to a human possessing a Death Note, in exchange for half that person's own remaining life span. (angelfire.com)

Furman v. Georgia (1972): The Supreme Court declared the death penalty unconstitutional, as cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eight Amendment, and finding that the administration of the ultimate punishment was arbitrary and capricious. (aclu.org)
The reformers in recent years also persuaded the authorities to require Supreme Court approval for all death sentences and to make torture inadmissible in capital cases. (cnbc.com)
The Connecticut Supreme Court held in a 4-3 decision issued Aug. 13, that the execution of inmates who committed capital felonies before the state abolished the death penalty in 2012 would violate Connecticut's constitutional prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment. (ncsl.org)

But Bill Vance, Democratic candidate for the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals - who says he favors the death penalty for those who deserve it - contends the appeals system for death row inmates isn't working properly and says appellants aren't getting a fair shake. (law.com)
The country last executed prisoners exactly a year earlier, when the conservative Liberal Democratic Party still ruled the country, putting to death three inmates including one Chinese national, also for multiple murder. (smh.com.au)
The law was not applied retroactively, which meant that the 11 inmates were left on death row. (ncsl.org)

In 2009, the number of new death sentences was 112 [2] , the lowest level in 30 years. (aclu.org)

Japan's justice minister, a foe of capital punishment, has announced a review of the death penalty after witnessing the first executions since her centre-left government took power in 2009. (smh.com.au)

Death records in the ISDH Vital Records office begin with 1900. (in.gov)
Prior to 1900, records of death are filed only with the local health department in the county where the death actually occurred. (in.gov)
For deaths occurring from 1900 to 1917, the city and/or county of death is required in order to locate the record. (in.gov)

Deaths from opioids have been rising sharply for years , and drug overdoses already kill more Americans under age 50 than anything else. (statnews.com)
Deaths involving fentanyl and other synthetic opioids have surged from around 3,000 in 2013 to more than 30,000 in 2018. (rand.org)

For U.S. Citizens who died abroad, please visit the U.S. Department of State's Death Abroad webpage. (in.gov)
Maryland State's Attorney Marilyn Mosby announces charges against Baltimore police officers in connection with the death of Freddie Gray, in Baltimore, May 1, 2015. (voanews.com)
On April 25, 2012, Connecticut Governor Dannel Malloy signed Senate Bill 280 (2012) , ending the state's death penalty. (ncsl.org)

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden, unexplained death of an infant younger than one year old. (medlineplus.gov)
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden and unexplained death of a baby younger than 1 year old. (kidshealth.org)
SIDS accounts for 10% of infant deaths and is the second highest cause of death (after accidents) in infancy. (infoplease.com)

USAT leads with a Jasper, Texas jury's quick death sentence for John William King, which the WP puts on page 3, while the LAT runs it on page 28. (slate.com)
The Court of Criminal Appeals found no error in the death sentence, a ruling death penalty critics rail against. (law.com)
The use of the death penalty for crimes committed by people younger than 18 is prohibited under international human rights law, yet some countries still sentence to death and execute juvenile defendants. (amnesty.org)
Death Sentence is also a manifesto, the first shots, Watson hopes, in a campaign everyone can join to bring the language back to life. (theage.com.au)
But Death Sentence is a polemic, not a strategy report inclusive of all stakeholders. (theage.com.au)

CDAS is an internationally recognised research centre focusing on the interdisciplinary social aspects of death, dying and bereavement. (bath.ac.uk)
During 2021 CDAS is running a series of events, talking to experts about death, dying and bereavement. (bath.ac.uk)
The Centre for Death & Society provides a forum for our community of researchers and practitioners to share their expertise in death, dying and bereavement. (bath.ac.uk)
View events relating to death, dying and bereavement held by Centre for Death & Society and other organisations. (bath.ac.uk)
The second concept, "partial deaths versus total extinction" stresses the belief that by experiencing the bereavement following the deaths of friends and relatives, a person is brought as close as possible to realizing "partial death. (britannica.com)
Thanatology also examines attitudes toward death, the meaning and behaviours of bereavement and grief, and the moral and ethical questions of euthanasia , organ transplants, and life support. (britannica.com)

Authorities amended Wood's death certificate on Aug. 1, 2012 to reflect some of the lingering questions about how the actress died in the waters off Catalina Island in November 1981. (yahoo.com)
Napalm Death - angielska grupa muzyczna powstała w 1981 roku w Meriden w pobliżu Coventry . (wikipedia.org)

Since 1973, 138 death-row prisoners have been released because they were innocent. (aclu.org)
Since 1973, for example, more than 184 prisoners sent to death row in the USA have later been exonerated or released from death row on grounds of innocence. (amnesty.org)

Japan has often been criticised internationally for its use of the death penalty and the fact that death row prisoners and their families are not told about the execution date in advance. (smh.com.au)

These statistics are most often reported as the numbers of new cases of invasive cancer and cancer deaths per year per 100,000 persons in the U.S. population. (cancer.gov)
When the statistics focus on cancer incidence and death in a single gender for example, on female breast cancer or male prostate cancer the numbers are per 100,000 persons of that gender. (cancer.gov)
The combat-related death gratuity of $100,000 took effect May 11 when the president signed the Emergency Supplemental Wartime Appropriations Act (Public Law 109-13). (military.com)
Because the wartime supplemental bill expires on Sept. 30, provisions to make permanent the combat-related death gratuity of $100,000 and SGLI coverage of $400,000 are included in fiscal 2006 defense authorization bills moving through Congress. (military.com)

Determining when death has occurred is difficult, as cessation of life functions is often not simultaneous across organ systems. (wikipedia.org)
Other definitions for death focus on the character of cessation of something. (wikipedia.org)
Death was once defined as the cessation of heartbeat (cardiac arrest) and of breathing, but the development of CPR and prompt defibrillation have rendered that definition inadequate because breathing and heartbeat can sometimes be restarted. (wikipedia.org)

There is still a lot to be done and more content to be added, and during this next phase we will continue relying on our players' invaluable feedback to help steer us in the right direction and continuously evaluate what will make In Death the best it can possibly be. (steampowered.com)

Numerous polls repeatedly show that Texans favor the death penalty, even though they fear that innocent people may be put to death. (law.com)
However, with the mounting of casualty sensitivity, the state gradually restructured what Levy calls its "death hierarchy" to favor privileged soldiers over soldiers drawn from lower classes and civilians, and later to place enemy civilians at the bottom of the hierarchy by the use of heavy firepower. (jhu.edu)
Three days after Safra's death, Daniel Serdet, the attorney general and chief prosecutor of Monaco, announced that a male nurse named Ted Maher, from Stormville, New York, had confessed to setting the blaze that killed his employer in order to win favor with the banker. (vanityfair.com)

Thanatology , the description or study of death and dying and the psychological mechanisms of dealing with them. (britannica.com)
Thanatology is concerned with the notion of death as popularly perceived and especially with the reactions of the dying, from whom it is felt much can be learned about dealing with death's approach. (britannica.com)
Thanatology (from Greek thanatos, "death") as a professional discipline gathered momentum following the publication of several subject-related books including The Meaning of Death (1959), edited by Herman Feifel, and The Psychology of Death (1972) by Robert Kastenbaum and Ruth Aisenberg. (britannica.com)

Over 18,000 lives could be saved each year if US crash deaths equaled the average rate of 19 other high-income countries. (cdc.gov)
We're planning to keep Death Trash in Early Access for about a year. (steampowered.com)
Russian oligarch Boris Berezovsky was not killed by chemical or radioactive material, British police said today, but still calling the 67-year-old's death unexplained. (yahoo.com)
A year after Litvinenko's death, Berezovsky said Scotland Yard had warned him about a plot on his life , but British police never confirmed his claim. (yahoo.com)
SIDS is the leading cause of death in children between one month and one year old. (medlineplus.gov)
SIDS is the leading cause of death among infants 1 month to 1 year old, and remains unpredictable despite years of research. (kidshealth.org)
Six Baltimore police officers were arrested and posted bail Friday, after the chief prosecutor for the eastern U.S. city of Baltimore announced criminal charges in the death of a 25-year-old man earlier this month. (voanews.com)
The official explanation for the death of multibillionaire banker Edmond Safra, who was asphyxiated a year ago in a locked bathroom of his Monte Carlo penthouse, is that one of Safra's nurses set the fire in order to heroically rescue his employer. (vanityfair.com)

Tracking the nation's progress in reducing crash injuries and deaths. (cdc.gov)
Ian Pannell is in Mexico City, where crematoriums and funeral homes are at capacity as the nation's COVID-19 infections and deaths soar. (yahoo.com)

Reducing motor vehicle crash deaths was one of the great public health achievements of the 20th century for the US. (cdc.gov)
Lower death rates in other high-income countries and a high percentage of risk factors in the US suggest that we can make more progress in reducing crash deaths. (cdc.gov)

Brain death is sometimes used as a legal definition of death. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, the advent of life-sustaining therapy and the numerous criteria for defining death from both a medical and legal standpoint, have made it difficult to create a single unifying definition. (wikipedia.org)
This type of death where circulatory and respiratory arrest happens is known as the circulatory definition of death (DCDD). (wikipedia.org)
this definition therefore excludes foetal deaths ( stillbirths ). (europa.eu)
But foolproof it is not , and the fact that several hundred neurologists and philosophers are gathering next May for the fifth International Symposium on the Definition of Death shows this only too well. (newscientist.com)
Some bioethicists have even proposed that individuals should choose their own definition of death. (newscientist.com)

Defendants who kill white people are far more likely to get the death penalty than those who kill black people. (aclu.org)
As Election Day nears, a nationwide report on appellate review procedures for capital murder defendants roundly criticizes the death penalty appeals process in Texas, calling it a dysfunctional assembly line. (law.com)

Also, the papers don't mention it, but this story should give pause to anyone who thinks the death penalty is a deterrent. (slate.com)
Parnia thinks of these experiences as actual-death experiences as opposed to near-death experiences. (npr.org)
Chatterbox thinks the death of the just-folks obit has the potential to become a significant issue for the baby boom generation. (slate.com)
Anyone who thinks the death penalty does not affect Australians need only look next door to Bali, where three Australians are on death row, a rally has heard. (smh.com.au)

Another scientist got a death threat a couple of days ago. (scienceblogs.com)

Larger declines were recorded in relation to deaths from ischaemic heart disease, where death rates fell by 30.3 % for men and 34.3 % for women, while even greater reductions were recorded for deaths from transport accidents where rates fell by 43.3 % for men and 44.3 % for women. (europa.eu)
This review helps tell true SIDS deaths from those due to accidents, abuse, and previously undiagnosed conditions, such as cardiac or metabolic disorders. (kidshealth.org)

Most SIDS deaths occur when babies are between one month and four months old. (medlineplus.gov)
Most SIDS deaths happen in babies 2 to 4 months old, and cases rise during cold weather. (kidshealth.org)

US crash deaths fell 31% compared to an average 56% in 19 other high-income countries * from 2000-2013. (cdc.gov)

For example, African Americans/Blacks, Asian Americans, Hispanic/Latinos, American Indians, Alaska Natives, and underserved Whites are more likely than the general population to have higher incidence and death statistics for certain types of cancer. (cancer.gov)
Although cancer deaths have declined for both Whites and African Americans/Blacks living in the United States, African Americans/Blacks continue to suffer the greatest burden for each of the most common types of cancer. (cancer.gov)

I suppose you could argue that they are really anti -death cults, what with endless speculation about afterlives and such, but the obsession with the end of life is still there. (umich.edu)
News of Berezovsky's death sparked speculation that he might have been killed like ex-KGB agent Alexander Litvinenko, who died in 2006 after he was poisoned with polonium-210 while drinking tea at a London meeting. (yahoo.com)
Police today said any speculation about Berezovsky's death would be premature. (yahoo.com)

Media Watch reports on media coverage of death threats on climate scientists: One news outlet comes out of it, in our opinion, almost unscathed: Fairfax Media's The Canberra Times. (scienceblogs.com)
Learn about our members, events, partners and keep up to date with Centre for Death & Society news. (bath.ac.uk)
This doesn't come up at big-city newspapers, because there's no way to run news stories about more than a tiny proportion of the local deaths. (slate.com)
One classified ad director argued to Chatterbox that the switch from news obits to paid death notices levelled the playing field between people perceived to be newsworthy and people who were not. (slate.com)
But that argument would have been more compelling had the trend toward paid death notices occurred spontaneously, as opposed to being forced on consumers by the shrinking news obit hole. (slate.com)
Reports of mass graves, torched casinos, and mutilated bodies have become so commonplace that there are days when the Google Mexico news feed is nothing but a death scroll. (prospect.org)
For the latest on Whitney Houston's death, see our music news page. (telegraph.co.uk)

Older adults also accounted for 75% of influenza-associated deaths, highlighting that older adults are particularly vulnerable to severe outcomes resulting from an influenza virus infection. (cdc.gov)

In studies from a total of 7 cities, the risk of death among homeless women was greater than that among women in the general population by a factor of 4.6 to 31.2 in the younger age group and 1.0 to 2.0 in the older age group. (cmaj.ca)

A collection of information and resources to do with the effects of Covid-19 on death and society. (bath.ac.uk)

Death Tunnel is a 2005 horror movie filmed at the Waverly Hills Sanatorium. (wikipedia.org)
Deep under the hospital is the 'Death Tunnel' which once were used to secretly remove the dead from the grounds. (imdb.com)
Death Tunnel was more than disappointing. (imdb.com)
I do not have the habit to walk out the theater unless the movie finishes, but with Death Tunnel there were plenty of times where I thought about it. (imdb.com)
Death Tunnel is really a Death Tunnel. (imdb.com)
By what name was Death Tunnel (2005) officially released in Canada in English? (imdb.com)

As the Gaza offensive of 2009 demonstrates, this new death hierarchy has opened Israel to global criticism. (jhu.edu)

Prosecuting a death penalty case is extremely expensive for a state and drains money that could be used for education and social programs. (aclu.org)

For the past several years, CDC has estimated the numbers of influenza illnesses, medical visits, hospitalizations, and deaths 1-4 . (cdc.gov)
An estimated 8,100 deaths occurred among working age adults (aged 18-64 years), an age group that often has low influenza vaccination uptake 11 . (cdc.gov)
According to current geological consensus, at various times during the middle of the Pleistocene era, which ended roughly 10,000-12,000 years ago, an inland lake, Lake Manly , formed in Death Valley. (wikipedia.org)
The sanction of death for the punishment of a murder in the United States has declined in recent years. (aclu.org)
Sicilian authorities hastily ordered the fleet of "death ships" out of the harbor, but it was too late: Over the next five years, the Black Death would kill more than 20 million people in Europe - almost one-third of the continent's population. (history.com)
Death Trash has already been in development for more than five years by a single developer. (steampowered.com)
Some countries execute people who were under 18 years old when the crime was committed, others use the death penalty against people with mental and intellectual disabilities and several others apply the death penalty after unfair trials - in clear violation of international law and standards. (amnesty.org)
People can spend years on death row, not knowing when their time is up, or whether they will see their families one last time. (amnesty.org)
A German actor who weighs 121 kilograms was jailed for 15 years on Wednesday for squashing his accountant to death. (theage.com.au)
All of these developments converged to spark the young Floridian's excitement, and the soon-to-be rechristened Death spent the next few years refining their chops through endless, arduous rehearsals and sporadic live performances. (apple.com)
Possessed's proto-death classic Seven Churches may have predated it by almost two years, but the fact of the matter is that both were concurrent works from a demo perspective, and Scream Bloody Gore merely arrived later. (apple.com)
Pope John Paul was 84 years old at the time of his death. (ewtn.com)
In the newly published study, high levels of the stress hormone cortisol in the urine were associated with a dramatic increase in death from cardiovascular disease years later. (webmd.com)
Chinese legal experts said in practice the death penalty has seldom been used in recent years to punish people who committed these crimes and the draft amendment was largely intended to reflect the current reality. (cnbc.com)

Just as he is about to light the new candle, Death lifts his scythe and the boy's candle goes out. (wikipedia.org)

It has been a poor relation to another, more exciting type of cell death called "apoptosis", or programmed cell death. (newscientist.com)
Arnaud Wisman, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Kent, proposed the idea of ' using or losing' the self in relation to thinking about death. (psychologytoday.com)

Amid the death penalty debate - much of it centered on Gov. George W. Bush's run for president - there are increasing complaints about the appeals process for those who are sentenced to die in Texas. (law.com)

A close look at cancer incidence and death statistics reveals that certain groups in this country suffer disproportionately from cancer and its associated effects, including premature death. (cancer.gov)

For other uses, see Death Valley (disambiguation) . (wikipedia.org)

About 90 people die each day in the US from crashes- resulting in the highest death rate among comparison countries. (cdc.gov)
Homeless people are at high risk for illness and have higher death rates than the general population. (cmaj.ca)
15 A study of people using homeless shelters in New York found age-adjusted death rates 2 to 3 times higher than those in the city's general population. (cmaj.ca)
But by the end of the first episode, he's already wiped out most of the world's well-known criminals, and is determined to use the Death Note to kill all of the people in the world who he deems evil. (angelfire.com)
it eventually becomes obvious to the viewer that he's gone insane, perhaps possessed by the Death Note, though of course around other people he can still act like his old self. (angelfire.com)
A really infectious and lethal agent could have the same effect on modern society as Black Death did, but kill many more people. (angelfire.com)
If it killed even the lowest of estimates for the death rate (see below) it could kill thousands of millions of people. (angelfire.com)
Black Death can be shown from records to have had a longer incubation period allowing it to spread at walking pace, as people carrying the disease agent could travel to the next town in the refugee columns. (angelfire.com)
The people at the time wrote possibly exaggerated estimates of the number of deaths, which are probably not accurate. (angelfire.com)
Because they did not understand the biology of the disease, many people believed that the Black Death was a kind of divine punishment - retribution for sins against God such as greed, blasphemy, heresy, fornication and worldliness. (history.com)
The Texas Civil Rights Project reports that 445 people were on Texas' death row in September. (law.com)
Every day, people are executed and sentenced to death by the state as punishment for a variety of crimes - sometimes for acts that should not be criminalized. (amnesty.org)
The latest hangings left 107 people on death row in Japan. (smh.com.au)
The amendment is the latest in a number of reforms to the death penalty pushed for by Chinese legal scholars who have complained that many people guilty of trivial crimes or unfairly tried have been executed. (cnbc.com)
In short, this is the notion that people can either draw on their own psychological resources (e. g ., solidified belief systems, relationships) to cope with thinking about death or, if that is not sustainable, cope with thoughts of death by avoiding self-awareness. (psychologytoday.com)
The results indicated that people with low self-esteem were less likely to think about themselves, and to write about themselves, after thinking about death versus a variety of other topics (e.g., pain, failure). (psychologytoday.com)
Other studies consistent with this line of reasoning show that - after a short delay of minutes - people with low self-esteem will have more negative mood when thinking about death. (psychologytoday.com)
Studies also show that these effects are reduced for people with low self-esteem if they are provided with "evidence" of life after death (that is, they read near-death experience accounts where people are convinced that there is an afterlife) or if you provide them with evidence that science is enabling people to live longer. (psychologytoday.com)

Players will be able to tell us any kind of feedback and ideas through the Steam Forums, the official Death Trash Discord, Twitter, and Facebook. (steampowered.com)

2011 Archaeologists have retrieved examples of bones from the Black Death period and have extracted the DNA of Bubonic Plague bacteria. (angelfire.com)
The Black Death was a devastating global epidemic of bubonic plague that struck Europe and Asia in the mid-1300s. (history.com)

The second episode shows a meeting of the ICPO (International Criminal Police Organization) discussing the recent deaths of criminals, wondering if it was murder and if so how it could have been accomplished. (angelfire.com)

We are acutely aware of the level of interest into his death and are focused on conducting a thorough investigation as we would with any unexplained death. (yahoo.com)
The group called on the National Transitional Council (NTC), Libya's new leadership, to conduct an 'immediate and transparent' investigation into the deaths in Sirte. (rferl.org)

The "my death versus your death" concept emphasizes the irrational belief that while "your death" is a certainty, an exemption may be made in "my case. (britannica.com)

Anatomy16

Organisms6

Diseases38

Chemicals and Drugs73

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment58

Psychiatry and Psychology5

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena6

Information Science21

Named Groups2

Health Care48

Geographicals8

The expiry date of man: a synthesis of evolutionary biology and public health. (1/646)

The case for a statutory 'definition of death'. (2/646)

beta2-adrenergic receptor-selective agonist clenbuterol prevents Fas-induced liver apoptosis and death in mice. (3/646)

Antitumor and immunotherapeutic effects of activated invasive T lymphoma cells that display short-term interleukin 1alpha expression. (4/646)

Targeted disruption of the murine Nhe1 locus induces ataxia, growth retardation, and seizures. (5/646)

Hypersensitivity to seizures in beta-amyloid precursor protein deficient mice. (6/646)

Impaired glucose homeostasis and neonatal mortality in hepatocyte nuclear factor 3alpha-deficient mice. (7/646)

Does hospital at home for palliative care facilitate death at home? Randomised controlled trial. (8/646)

Cell Death

Cause of Death

Death

Death, Sudden, Cardiac

Brain Death

Fetal Death

Attitude to Death

Caspases

Apoptosis

Receptors, Death Domain

Cell Survival

Time Factors

Risk Factors

Mortality

Autopsy

Caspase 3

Necrosis

Follow-Up Studies

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2

Retrospective Studies

Signal Transduction

Antigens, CD95

Mitochondria

Infant, Newborn

DNA Fragmentation

Treatment Outcome

Survival Analysis

Cell Line, Tumor

Caspase Inhibitors

Cells, Cultured

Prospective Studies

Autophagy

In Situ Nick-End Labeling

Caspase 8

Infant Mortality

Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins

Cohort Studies

BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein

Neurons

United States

bcl-2-Associated X Protein

Prognosis

Survival Rate

Reactive Oxygen Species

Neoplasms

Risk Assessment

Age Factors

Caspase 9

Fas Ligand Protein

Enzyme Activation

Incidence

Cell Line

Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones

Homicide

Myocardial Infarction

Registries

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Suicide

Cytochromes c

Pregnancy

Maternal Mortality

Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors

Kaplan-Meier Estimate

Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases

bcl-X Protein

bcl-Associated Death Protein

Blotting, Western

Risk

Mutation

Wounds and Injuries

Mice, Knockout

Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor

Life Expectancy

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug

Cardiovascular Diseases

Disease Models, Animal

Antineoplastic Agents

Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand

TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand

Tumor Cells, Cultured