Compounds that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of CELLS.
Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.
The rotation of linearly polarized light as it passes through various media.
Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to form the active aldophosphamide. It has been used in the treatment of LYMPHOMA and LEUKEMIA. Its side effect, ALOPECIA, has been used for defleecing sheep. Cyclophosphamide may also cause sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer.
The science concerned with the detection, chemical composition, and biological action of toxic substances or poisons and the treatment and prevention of toxic manifestations.
International organizations which provide health-related or other cooperative services.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Illinois" is a state in the United States and not a term that has a medical definition.
Carcinogenic substances that are found in the environment.

Caffeine induces macroautophagy and confers a cytocidal effect on food spoilage yeast in combination with benzoic acid. (1/69)

Weak organic acids are an important class of food preservatives that are particularly efficacious towards yeast and fungal spoilage. While acids with small aliphatic chains appear to function by acidification of the cytosol and are required at high concentrations to inhibit growth, more hydrophobic organic acids such as sorbic and benzoic acid have been suggested to function by perturbing membrane dynamics and are growth-inhibitory at much lower concentrations. We previously demonstrated that benzoic acid has selective effects on membrane trafficking in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Benzoic acid selectively blocks macroautophagy in S. cerevisiae while acetic acid does not, and sorbic acid does so to a lesser extent. Indeed, while both benzoic acid and nitrogen starvation are cytostatic when assayed separately, the combination of these treatments is cytocidal, because macroautophagy is essential for survival during nitrogen starvation. In this report, we demonstrate that Zygosaccharomyces bailii, a food spoilage yeast with relatively high resistance to weak acid stress, also exhibits a cytocidal response to the combination of benzoic acid and nitrogen starvation. In addition, we show that nitrogen starvation can be replaced by caffeine supplementation. Caffeine induces a starvation response that includes the induction of macroautophagy, and the combination of caffeine and benzoic acid is cytocidal, as predicted from the nitrogen starvation data.  (+info)

Does the use of paclitaxel or rapamycin-eluting stent decrease further need for coronary-artery bypass grafting when compared with bare-metal stent? (2/69)

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The safety and efficacy of drug-eluting stents reduce the need for surgical revascularization. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether paclitaxel or rapamycin-eluting stent are effective in avoiding the need for coronary-artery bypass grafting. METHODS: This was a systematic review of the literature using the methodology of the Cochrane Collaboration. The type of study considered was controlled randomized trials; the type of intervention was drug-eluting or bare-metal stents; and the main outcome investigated was coronary-artery bypass grafting. RESULTS: The ten studies included in this systematic review did not show any statistically significant difference between the drug-eluting stents and the bare-metal stents with regard to the outcome of coronary-artery bypass grafting (confidence interval: 0.31 to 1.42). CONCLUSION: The surgical revascularization rate was not reduced by the use of drug-eluting stents.  (+info)

Cytostatic drugs differentially affect phenotypic features of porcine coronary artery smooth muscle cell populations. (3/69)

We studied the effects of cytostatic drugs on porcine coronary artery spindle-shaped (S) and rhomboid (R) smooth muscle cell (SMC) biological activities related to intimal thickening (IT) formation. Imatinib, and to a lesser extent curcumin, decreased proliferation of S- and R-SMCs and migratory and urokinase activities of R-SMCs more efficiently compared with cyclosporine plus rapamycin. Imatinib increased the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin in both SMC populations and that of smoothelin in S-SMCs. It decreased S100A4 expression in R-SMCs. By promoting SMC quiescence and differentiation imatinib and curcumin may represent valid candidates for restenosis preventive and therapeutic strategies.  (+info)

Cytostatic and cytotoxic properties of Amphinase: a novel cytotoxic ribonuclease from Rana pipiens oocytes. (4/69)

Onconase (Onc), is a novel amphibian cytotoxic ribonuclease with antitumor activity, and is currently in a confirmatory phase III clinical trial for the treatment of malignant mesothelioma. It was recently reported that Rana pipiens oocytes contain still another ribonuclease, named Amphinase (Amph). Amph shows 38-40% amino acid sequence identity with onconase, presents as four variants varying between themselves from 87-99% in amino acid sequence identity and has a molecular mass approximately 13,000. In the present study we describe the effects of Amph on growth of several tumor cell lines. All four variants demonstrated cytostatic and cytotoxic activity against human promyelocytic HL-60-, Jurkat T-cell- and U-937 monocytic leukemia cells. The pattern of Amph activity to certain extent resembled that of Onc. Thus, cell proliferation was suppressed at 0.5-10.0 mug/ml (40-80 nM) Amph concentration with distinct accumulation of cells in G(1) phase of the cell cycle. In addition, the cells were undergoing apoptosis, which manifested by DNA fragmentation (presence of "sub-G1" cells, TUNEL-positivity), caspases and serine proteases activation as well as activation of transglutaminase. The cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of Amph required its ribonuclease activity: the enzymatically inactive Amph-2 having histidine at the active site alkylated was ineffective. The effectiveness and cell cycle specificity was generally similar for all four Amph variants and at the equimolar concentrations was somewhat more pronounced than that of Onc. The observed cytostatic and cytotoxic activity of Amph against tumor cell lines suggests that similar to Onc this cytotoxic ribonuclease may have antitumor activity and find an application in clinical oncology.  (+info)

Bilirubin inhibits tumor cell growth via activation of ERK. (5/69)

Bilirubin for decades was considered a potentially toxic waste product of heme degradation until the discovery that it is a potent antioxidant. Accumulating data from observations in humans and experimental studies indicate that the bile pigment may be protective against certain diseases. Based on our own observations that bilirubin induces cell cycle arrest in abnormally proliferating vascular smooth muscle cells and clinical observations describing a lesser incidence of cancer in healthy individuals with high normal or slightly elevated serum bilirubin levels, we hypothesized that bilirubin might suppress tumor cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. As possible effectors we analyzed key proteins that are involved in cell cycle progression and apoptosis. In vivo, tumor growth was assessed in BALB/c nude mice bearing HRT-18 colon cancer xenografts that were treated with bilirubin. In vitro, we investigated the effect of bilirubin on various cell lines and the signaling pathways involved in bilirubin action on tumor cell proliferation in HRT-18 cells using western blots. Bilirubin potently inhibited tumor cell proliferation in vivo and acted cytostatic and pro-apoptotic in vitro. The signaling cascades responsible for this action involved induction of p53, p27, hypophosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein as well as caspase activation. These effects were dependent on ERK 1/2. Our study demonstrates that bilirubin may play a role in the defense against cancer by interfering with pro-cancerogenic signaling pathways.  (+info)

Is cell death a critical end point for anticancer therapies or is cytostasis sufficient? (6/69)

Since the discovery of conventional chemotherapy and the development of new target-based agents, the importance of cytostasis in anticancer activity has been debated. This review examines the relative importance of both cytostasis and cytotoxicity based on both preclinical data and clinical reports. Several limitations of our basic and clinical methods to evaluate cytostasis and cytotoxicity will be highlighted. Molecular mechanisms of cytostasis will be analyzed, including interference with the cell cycle as well as putative links with necrosis and autophagy. Finally, we will cite evidence that most older and newer compounds are both cytostatic and cytotoxic. The relative role of cytostasis and cytotoxicity on future drug screening and clinical development will be explored.  (+info)

The mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase inhibitor AZD6244 (ARRY-142886) induces growth arrest in melanoma cells and tumor regression when combined with docetaxel. (7/69)

 (+info)

Interaction of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C1/C2 with a novel cis-regulatory element within p53 mRNA as a response to cytostatic drug treatment. (8/69)

 (+info)

Cytostatic agents are a type of medication used in cancer treatment that work by inhibiting or suppressing the growth and division of cancer cells. Unlike cytotoxic chemotherapy, which kills cancer cells outright, cytostatic agents aim to keep cancer cells from dividing and multiplying, effectively halting or slowing down the progression of the disease.

These agents target specific pathways involved in cell division and growth, such as the cell cycle, DNA replication, or protein synthesis. By interfering with these processes, cytostatic agents can prevent cancer cells from multiplying while minimizing harm to healthy cells.

Examples of cytostatic agents include hormonal therapies, targeted therapies, and some types of immunotherapy. While cytostatic agents may not cure cancer, they can help manage the disease, improve quality of life, and extend survival for patients with advanced or metastatic cancer.

Antineoplastic agents are a class of drugs used to treat malignant neoplasms or cancer. These agents work by inhibiting the growth and proliferation of cancer cells, either by killing them or preventing their division and replication. Antineoplastic agents can be classified based on their mechanism of action, such as alkylating agents, antimetabolites, topoisomerase inhibitors, mitotic inhibitors, and targeted therapy agents.

Alkylating agents work by adding alkyl groups to DNA, which can cause cross-linking of DNA strands and ultimately lead to cell death. Antimetabolites interfere with the metabolic processes necessary for DNA synthesis and replication, while topoisomerase inhibitors prevent the relaxation of supercoiled DNA during replication. Mitotic inhibitors disrupt the normal functioning of the mitotic spindle, which is essential for cell division. Targeted therapy agents are designed to target specific molecular abnormalities in cancer cells, such as mutated oncogenes or dysregulated signaling pathways.

It's important to note that antineoplastic agents can also affect normal cells and tissues, leading to various side effects such as nausea, vomiting, hair loss, and myelosuppression (suppression of bone marrow function). Therefore, the use of these drugs requires careful monitoring and management of their potential adverse effects.

Optical rotation, also known as optical activity, is a property of certain substances to rotate the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light as it passes through the substance. This ability arises from the presence of optically active molecules, most commonly chiral molecules, which have a non-superimposable mirror image.

The angle and direction of rotation (either clockwise or counterclockwise) are specific to each optically active substance and can be used as a characteristic identification property. The measurement of optical rotation is an important tool in the determination of the enantiomeric purity of chiral compounds, such as drugs and natural products, in chemistry and pharmacology.

The optical rotation of a substance can be influenced by factors such as temperature, concentration, wavelength of light, and solvent used. The magnitude of the optical rotation is often reported as the specific rotation, which is the optical rotation per unit length (usually expressed in degrees) and per unit concentration (often given in grams per deciliter or g/dL).

Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent, which is a type of chemotherapy medication. It works by interfering with the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from dividing and growing. This helps to stop the spread of cancer in the body. Cyclophosphamide is used to treat various types of cancer, including lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma, and breast cancer. It can be given orally as a tablet or intravenously as an injection.

Cyclophosphamide can also have immunosuppressive effects, which means it can suppress the activity of the immune system. This makes it useful in treating certain autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. However, this immunosuppression can also increase the risk of infections and other side effects.

Like all chemotherapy medications, cyclophosphamide can cause a range of side effects, including nausea, vomiting, hair loss, fatigue, and increased susceptibility to infections. It is important for patients receiving cyclophosphamide to be closely monitored by their healthcare team to manage these side effects and ensure the medication is working effectively.

Toxicology is a branch of medical science that deals with the study of the adverse effects of chemicals or toxins on living organisms and the environment, including their detection, evaluation, prevention, and treatment. It involves understanding how various substances can cause harm, the doses at which they become toxic, and the factors that influence their toxicity. This field is crucial in areas such as public health, medicine, pharmacology, environmental science, and forensic investigations.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "International Agencies" is not a medical term. It refers to organizations that operate on a global scale, often established by treaties between nations, to address issues that affect multiple countries. Examples include the United Nations (UN), World Health Organization (WHO), and International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC).

However, if you're asking about international agencies related to healthcare or medicine, I can provide some examples:

1. World Health Organization (WHO): A specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.
2. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS): Leads and inspires the world to achieve its shared vision of zero new HIV infections, zero discrimination, and zero AIDS-related deaths.
3. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO): A specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger.
4. United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF): Works for children's rights, their survival, development, and protection.
5. World Trade Organization (WTO): Sets rules for trade between nations and tries to ensure that trade flows as smoothly, predictably, and freely as possible. It can impact access to medical goods and services.
6. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO): Promotes the protection of intellectual property throughout the world through cooperation among states and in collaboration with other international organizations. This can affect pharmaceutical patents and innovation.

These agencies play crucial roles in shaping health policy, providing guidelines, funding research, and coordinating responses to global health issues.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Illinois" is not a medical term or condition. It is the name of a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States. If you have any questions about medical conditions or terms, I would be happy to help clarify those for you.

Carcinogens are agents that can cause cancer. According to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), environmental carcinogens refer to "cancer-causing agents that people encounter in their daily lives, including substances or exposures in air, water, food, and in the workplace." These carcinogens can increase the risk of cancer by damaging DNA or interfering with cellular processes that control growth.

Examples of environmental carcinogens include:

* Air pollution: Certain pollutants in the air, such as diesel exhaust particles and secondhand smoke, have been linked to an increased risk of lung cancer.
* Radon: A naturally occurring radioactive gas that can accumulate in homes and other buildings, radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the United States.
* UV radiation: Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds can lead to skin cancer.
* Certain chemicals: Some chemicals found in the workplace or in consumer products, such as asbestos, benzene, and vinyl chloride, have been linked to an increased risk of cancer.
* Infectious agents: Certain viruses, bacteria, and parasites can increase the risk of cancer. For example, human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major cause of cervical cancer, and hepatitis B and C viruses are leading causes of liver cancer.

It's important to note that exposure to environmental carcinogens does not guarantee that a person will develop cancer. The risk depends on many factors, including the level and duration of exposure, as well as individual susceptibility. However, reducing exposure to these agents can help reduce the overall risk of cancer.

This is a list of dual hormonal and cytostatic antineoplastic agents. Estramustine phosphate (Emcyt, Estracyt; Leo 299, NSC- ... estrone-cytostatic complex; estrone 17β-3-N-bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate) ICI-85966 (Stilbostat; diethylstilbestrol bis(di(2- ...
However, PUFA cytostatic activity is not tumor-specific. Cytostatic agents have been beneficial in fighting tumors with their ... Active hygienic products generally contain cytostatic substances. Cytostatic mechanisms and drugs generally occur together with ... Cytostatic refers to a cellular component or medicine that inhibits cell division. Cytostasis is an important prerequisite for ... Breast cancer - One study indicates nitric oxide (NO) is able to have a cytostatic effect on the human breast cancer cell line ...
List of hormonal cytostatic antineoplastic agents "Alkylating Agents". US National Library of Medicine. Archived from the ... Many of the agents are known as "classical alkylating agents". These include true alkyl groups, and have been known for a ... An alkylating antineoplastic agent is an alkylating agent used in cancer treatment that attaches an alkyl group (CnH2n+1) to ... The platinum agents are also sometimes described as nonclassical. Alkylating antineoplastic agents have limitations. Their ...
A cytotoxic agent will shrink a tumor, while, a cytostatic agent slows or stops tumor growth and metastases. It is important to ... Cytostatic agents have been demonstrated to show biologic effects while also being nontoxic. It is recommended that cytostatic ... It is much harder to develop a clinical trial for a cytostatic agent. Phase I trials are used to determine the maximum ... "Clinical Trial Designs for Cytostatic Agents: Are New Approaches Needed?". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 19 (1): 265-272. doi: ...
Sasse F, Kunze B, Gronewold TM, Reichenbach H (October 1998). "The chondramides: cytostatic agents from myxobacteria acting on ... Wani MC, Taylor HL, Wall ME, Coggon P, McPhail AT (May 1971). "Plant antitumor agents. VI. The isolation and structure of taxol ... a novel antileukemic and antitumor agent from Taxus brevifolia". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 93 (9): 2325-7. doi: ...
It is an alkylating antineoplastic agent. Dibrospidium chloride and related compounds were developed in Russia in the 1980s. It ... is currently used in Russia as a cytostatic antitumor chemotherapeutic drug. Chambers M. "CAS - 86641-76-1 - CURYRIVJTBNEGU- ... 1983). "New antitumor agent - Spirobromin". Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal. 17 (5): 375-377. doi:10.1007/BF00765650. S2CID ... Alkylating antineoplastic agents, Quaternary ammonium compounds, Spiro compounds, Nitrogen heterocycles, Organobromides, ...
"A simple quantitative test for cytostatic agents using non-adhering cells in vitro". Med Exp Int J Exp Med. 7 (2): 92-102. doi: ... Borel JF, Feurer C, Gubler HU, Stähelin H (1976). "Biological effects of cyclosporin A: a new antilymphocytic agent". Agents ... Stähelin H, Cerletti A (1964). "[Experimental results with the Podophyllum-cytostatics SP-1 AND SP-G.]". Schweiz Med Wochenschr ... chemically modified extract of the Podophyllum plant the presence of a then-unknown agent with interesting properties, which ...
"Cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of Pannon (P-30 Protein), a novel anticancer agent". Cell and Tissue Kinetics. 21 (3): 169-82 ...
... for the cytostatic agent 5-fluorouracil. Polyorthoesters type IV are considered the most promising members of this class as ... Zero-order release kinetics were achieved when embedding the cytostatic agent 5-fluorouracil. In toxicity tests as specified in ... and ambient pressure and allows the formation of a polymer matrix in the presence of sensitive pharmaceutically active agents. ...
Cytostatics inhibit cell division. In immunotherapy, they are used in smaller doses than in the treatment of malignant diseases ... Immunosuppressive+Agents at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) (Articles with short ... The alkylating agents used in immunotherapy are nitrogen mustards (cyclophosphamide), nitrosoureas, platinum compounds, and ... Actual or suspected immunosuppressive agents can be evaluated in terms of their effects on lymphocyte subpopulations in tissues ...
... was clinically used as a cytostatic agent for the treatment of Hodgkin's disease and polycythemia vera in ... "Alkylating Agents", LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Bethesda (MD): National Institute ... Cancer cells are among the most affected since alkylating agents have their primary effect on rapidly proliferating cells which ... A study that investigated the efficacy of cytostatic treatment for Hodgkin's disease reported that 73% of the patients went ...
List of hormonal cytostatic antineoplastic agents List of estrogen esters § Estradiol esters NCI Thesaurus. "Alestramustine". ... is a cytostatic antineoplastic agent which was never marketed. It is the L-alanine ester of estramustine, which is a ... Milne GW (1 July 2000). Ashgate Handbook of Antineoplastic Agents. Wiley. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-566-08382-2. Tripathi KD (30 ...
They are mostly used as cytostatics or virostatics. Cytarabine Vidarabine Nelarabine Fludarabine Clofarabine Sorivudine ... Clevudine W. E. Müller: "Rational design of arabinosyl nucleosides as antitumor and antiviral agents", Jpn J Antibiot. 1977 Dec ...
List of hormonal cytostatic antineoplastic agents List of estrogen esters J. Elks (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: ... nonsteroidal estrogen and cytostatic antineoplastic agent of the stilbestrol group and a nitrogen mustard ester of ...
August 2018). "SAHAquines, Novel Hybrids Based on SAHA and Primaquine Motifs, as Potential Cytostatic and Antiplasmodial Agents ... "Histone deacetylase inhibitors as anti-neoplastic agents". Cancer Letters. 280 (2): 192-200. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2009.03.013. ... "Clinical development of histone deacetylase inhibitors as anticancer agents". Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. 45 ...
List of hormonal cytostatic antineoplastic agents List of corticosteroid esters J. Elks (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of ... 868-. ISBN 978-3-88763-075-1. I.K. Morton; Judith M. Hall (6 December 2012). Concise Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents: ...
List of hormonal cytostatic antineoplastic agents List of androgen esters J. Elks (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: ... which was developed as a cytostatic antineoplastic agent (i.e., a chemotherapy drug) for the treatment of hormone-dependent ...
List of hormonal cytostatic antineoplastic agents List of estrogen esters J. Elks (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: ... nonsteroidal estrogen and cytostatic antineoplastic agent (i.e., chemotherapy drug) and a chlorphenacyl nitrogen mustard ester ...
List of hormonal cytostatic antineoplastic agent World War II Oborotov AV, Smirnova ZS, Osetrova IP, Polozkova AP, Rzheznikov ... Cytestrol acetate is a steroidal antiestrogen and a cytostatic antineoplastic agent (i.e., chemotherapeutic) which was ... 2014). "[Antitumor and antiproliferative action of the steroidal cytostatic antiestrogen cytestrol acetate on hormone-dependent ... having cytostatic actions via the carbamate-nitrogen mustard moiety analogously to estramustine phosphate. The drug shows ...
List of hormonal cytostatic antineoplastic agents List of estrogen esters § Estradiol esters Elks J (14 November 2014). The ... is an estrogen and cytostatic antineoplastic agent which was never marketed. It is an estrogen ester - specifically, the C3 ...
List of hormonal cytostatic antineoplastic agents List of estrogen esters § Estradiol esters J. Elks (14 November 2014). The ... steroidal estrogen and cytostatic antineoplastic agent and a chlorphenacyl nitrogen mustard-coupled estrogen ester that was ... 898-. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3. Asai M, Takeuchi H, Okada H (1978). "In vivo interaction between steroidal alkylating agents and ... like estramustine phosphate have reduced toxicity relative to non-linked nitrogen mustard cytostatic antineoplastic agents. ...
List of hormonal cytostatic antineoplastic agents List of estrogen esters § Estradiol esters J. Elks (14 November 2014). The ... is a cytostatic antineoplastic agent which was under development in Japan by Kureha Chemicals (now Kureha Corporation) for the ... Ohsawa N, Yamazaki Z, Wagatsuma T, Isurugi K (1984). "[Bestrabacil: a possible target-oriented anticancer agent]". Gan to ... which results in targeted/site-directed cytostatic activity toward estrogen receptor-positive tissues such as breast and bone. ...
List of hormonal cytostatic antineoplastic agents Antiestrogen withdrawal response Endocrine therapy resistance in breast ... It was previously used in the treatment of breast cancer, but has been replaced by more effective and less toxic agents. ... Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are an important class of hormonal therapy agents which act as antagonists of ... although another class of hormonal agents, aromatase inhibitors, now have an expanding role in that disease. One effective ...
EMP is a dual cytostatic and hence chemotherapeutic agent and a hormonal anticancer agent of the estrogen type. It is a prodrug ... or other more marked toxicity associated with such agents. In contrast to most other cytostatic agents, which often cause ... EMP is described as relatively well tolerated among cytostatic antineoplastic and nitrogen-mustard agents, rarely or not at all ... The cytostatic metabolites of EMP are accumulated in tissues in a selective manner, for instance in prostate cancer cells. This ...
They discovered several novel classes of cytostatic agents with nanomolar antitumor activities based on substituted or fused ... Cytostatic, Antimicrobial, and Anti-HCV Activity of 6-Substituted 7-(Het)aryl-7-deazapurine Ribonucleosides". J. Med. Chem. 57 ... "Synthesis and Cytostatic and Antiviral Profiling of Thieno-Fused 7-Deazapurine Ribonucleosides". J. Med. Chem. 60 (6): 2411- ...
... carbamate or estrone-cytostatic complex, is a major active metabolite of the cytostatic antineoplastic agent and estrogen ... List of hormonal cytostatic antineoplastic agents List of estrogen esters § Estradiol esters Chabner BA, Longo DL (7 December ...
Evaluation of cytotoxic and cytostatic potential of various chemical agents includes application of colorimetric method in ... chemical and biological agents, and Cytogenetic and genotoxicological monitoring of human populations in Bosnia and Herzegovina ...
ICD is induced by some cytostatic agents such as anthracyclines, oxaliplatin and bortezomib, or radiotherapy and photodynamic ... Just as immunogenic death of infected cells induces immune response to the infectious agent, immunogenic death of cancer cells ... Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is generally recognised as a causative agent for ICD, with high production of reactive oxygen ...
The bacterial natural product rapamycin or sirolimus, a cytostatic agent, has been used in combination therapy with ... The response rate in solid tumors where rapalogs have been used as a single-agent therapy have been modest. Due to partial mTOR ... Tumors that depend on PI3K/mTOR pathway should respond to these agents but it is unclear if compounds are effective in cancers ... New agents and new directions". Oncotarget. 2 (6): 510-517. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.290. PMC 3248202. PMID 21680954. Oleksak P ...
... with a cytostatic agent (e.g. hydroxyurea). VS411, investigational first generation combination AV-HALT (low-dose hydroxyurea ... Unlike other antiretroviral agents given to reduce viral replication, AV-HALTs are single or combination drugs designed to ... cytOSTATICS) Ameisen, J. C.; Capron, A (1991). "Cell dysfunction and depletion in AIDS: The programmed cell death hypothesis". ... "Optimal suppression of HIV replication by low-dose hydroxyurea through the combination of antiviral and cytostatic ('virostatic ...
This is a list of dual hormonal and cytostatic antineoplastic agents. Estramustine phosphate (Emcyt, Estracyt; Leo 299, NSC- ... estrone-cytostatic complex; estrone 17β-3-N-bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate) ICI-85966 (Stilbostat; diethylstilbestrol bis(di(2- ...
"Cytostatic Agents" by people in this website by year, and whether "Cytostatic Agents" was a major or minor topic of these ... "Cytostatic Agents" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Cytostatic Agents" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Cytostatic Agents". ...
... Author: Gesche Tallen, MD, PhD, Editor: Maria Yiallouros, Reviewer: Prof. Dr. med. Dr. h. ... Efficient chemotherapy includes a combination of cytostatic agents from different substance groups, which are dosed and applied ... Most chemotherapeutic agents target all fast- dividing cells, such as cancer cells in general, rather than a certain (cancer) ...
Randomized discontinuation design: Application to cytostatic antineoplastic agents. Gary L. Rosner, Walter Stadler, Mark J. ... Randomized discontinuation design: Application to cytostatic antineoplastic agents. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2002 Nov 15; ... Purpose: Propose a phase II study design to evaluate the activity of a putative cytostatic agent, acknowledging heterogeneity ... Randomized discontinuation design: Application to cytostatic antineoplastic agents. / Rosner, Gary L.; Stadler, Walter; Ratain ...
Cytostatic Agents - therapeutic use. Drug Delivery Systems. Sarcoma - drug therapy. Specialty. Medical Oncology. Abstract. ... Cytostatic Agents - therapeutic use. Diphosphonates - therapeutic use. Subjects (LCSH). Oncology. Abstract. Bone metastases ... The author thus achieves a high concentration of cytostatic at the site of the tumour. The particles have to be large enough to ... The author thus achieves a high concentration of cytostatic at the site of the tumour. The particles have to be large enough to ...
... an important agent of viral hepatitis worldwide, can cause severe courses of infection in pregnant women and immunosuppressed ... A cytostatic agent. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1977, 26, 1071-1075. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] ... Agents Chemother. 2007, 51, 84-88. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]. *Wray, S.K.; Gilbert, B.E.; Noall, M.W.; Knight, V. ... Agents Chemother. 1988, 32, 492-497. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]. *Rankin, J.T., Jr.; Eppes, S.B.; Antczak, J.B.; ...
Others described patients receiving multiple cytostatic agents. [2] These nail alterations may also represent an example of ... 11, 12, 13] Other agents inducing pigmented bands in nails include bleomycin, [14, 15] fluorouracil, [16, 17, 18, 19] ... 30] Of 124 patients with nail changes due to chemotherapeutic agents, four had Muehrcke lines, all four of whom were on a ... Saraswat N, Sood A, Verma R, Kumar D, Kumar S. Nail Changes Induced by Chemotherapeutic Agents. Indian J Dermatol. 2020 May-Jun ...
antibacterial agents containing ciprofloxacin. *cytostatics containing melphalan. *agents used to treat urinary tract infection ... antibacterial agents of the macrolide type (e.g. clarithromycin, azithromycin, erythromycin). *antifungal agents of the azole ... APO-CICLOSPORIN is an immunosuppressive agent. These medicines help to control your bodys immune system. ... certain blood pressure reducing agents of the calcium antagonist type (e.g. nifedipine, amlodipine, verapamil, diltiazem, ...
This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. ... Magdolna Horváth, Tibor Bakács; Effect of Cytostatics on the Migration of Leukocytes. Oncology 1 January 1982; 39 (1): 29-30. ... The effect of chemotherapeutic agents - cytosine arabinoside, methotrexate, procarbazine, vinblastine and vincristine - ...
The fungus metabolite cyclosporin A is a small peptide acting as a novel antilymphocytic agent. It strongly depressed ... This new agent contrasts with other immunosuppressives and cytostatic drugs in its weak myelotoxicity. Experimental evidence ... Biological effects of cyclosporin A: a new antilymphocytic agent Agents Actions. 1976 Jul;6(4):468-75. doi: 10.1007/BF01973261 ... The fungus metabolite cyclosporin A is a small peptide acting as a novel antilymphocytic agent. It strongly depressed ...
... adenine and a variety of differentiation-inducing agents in human erythroleukemia K562 cells.. S Hatse, E De Clercq and J ... It also was 108-fold resistant to the cytostatic effects of PMEA. The K562/PMEA-1 cells showed reduced sensitivity to the ... However, unlike the PMEA derivatives, the antimetabolites remained equally cytostatic for the mutant K562 cells and for the ... Evidence for distinction of the differentiation-inducing activities and cytostatic properties of 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl) ...
Powered by Pure, Scopus & Elsevier Fingerprint Engine™ © 2023 Elsevier B.V. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. ...
Tar is a keratoplastic (cytostatic) agent. It reduces nuclear synthesis in the epidermal basal layers. It is also antiseptic ... However, infectious agents like bacteria and yeast are secondary agents to other dermatosis, so in these cases we must identify ... Agents that function in this way are called keratolytic. There are many keratoplastic and keratolytic agents that are ... A cytostatic effect is exerted on basal cells, thereby reducing their rate of division (keratoplastic). Most antiseborrheic ...
Hirano, T., Gotoh, M., and Oka, K. Natural flavonoids and lignans are potent cytostatic agents against human leukemic HL-60 ... Cobb E. Antineoplastic agent from Cnicus benedictus. Patent Brit 1973;335:181. ...
Synthesis and evaluation of novel antifungal agents-quinoline and pyridine amide derivatives. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 20, 4624 ... Inhibition of GPI biosynthesis has been demonstrated to not only be cytostatic but fungicidal to fungal cells14, a desired ... Testing the assay with two antifungal agents and one known GPI inhbitor19 revealed an increase of signal in the medium ... These concerns are exacerbated by the lack of development of novel antifungal agents in the current clinical pipeline against ...
... improving the effect of chemotherapeutic agents (13,16,20). Mitomycin C (MMC) as an alkylating cytostatic agent is commonly ... either individually or in combination with cytostatic agents, which could maintain continuous and stable treatment temperatures ... combining the direct antitumorigenic effect of local hyperthermia with a potentiated antitumorigenic cytostatic agent improves ... In addition, the pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic agents during thermochemotherapy is also not well understood. ...
These results will be applied to a model for cell cycle specific cancer chemotherapy with cytotoxic and cytostatic agents. ...
... a natural anti-fungal agent produced by a strain of soil bacteria, offers significant health benefits to practically everyone. ... did some early tests on rapamycin and concluded that it heads a new class of chemotherapy agents. Rapamycin is cytostatic and ... Latest research shows astaxanthin to be a powerful anti-aging agent. Sources include: Brighteon.com NaturalPharmacist.net ... Rapamycin is already approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in humans as an immunosuppressant agent during organ ...
Additional chemotherapeutic agents included: anthracyclines, carboplatin, cytostatic antibiotics, folic acid derivatives, ... Advise patients of the possibility of serotonin syndrome with concomitant use of granisetron and another serotonergic agent ... involved in the metabolism of some of the main narcotic analgesic agents) is not modified by granisetron hydrochloride ...
In other publications skin lesions were reported after direct contact with cytostatic drugs or aerosols with cytostatics. In ... In addition, kidney and liver function may be important in excreting the chemotherapy agents and thereby determine their plasma ... and experiences in occupational groups that handle these cytostatic drugs point all in the same direction. Handling cytostatic ... With treatment set-up we refer here to the fact as to whether cytostatic drugs are given solely or in combination with other ...
This cytostatic response may simply provide the cell with the opportunity to adapt and acquire resistance. Here we discuss ... These results provide new insights into the regulation of BIM(EL) and may be relevant to the therapeutic use of agents such as ... Despite these advances, however, only a subset of patients respond to these agents in the first instance, and, of those that do ... Despite this progress, it is apparent that tumour cells adapt quickly to these new targeted agents so that tumours with ...
Such an optimized active ingredient could also be combined with other therapeutic agents. "Classic cytostatics usually ... At the start of the study, there were 50 different agents approved for certain diseases that inhibit protein kinases. The ...
Chemotherapeutic agents (anti-cancer drugs) are small cytostatic or cytotoxic molecules that often bind to double-stranded DNA ... They represent an efficient carrier system in drug delivery or in transporting contrast agents. Fo... ...
Literature References: Oxazaphosphine cytostatic agent; supresses B-cell activity and antibody formation. Prepn: H. Arnold, F. ... Reviews of carcinogenicity studies: IARC Monographs 9, 135-156 (1975); of field trials as defleecing agent for sheep: M. H. ...
... in oncology are developed to help protecting healthcare workers and patients from contamination with cytostatic agents. ...
Cytostatic Agents Medicine & Life Sciences 87% * nitric oxide Agriculture & Biology 68% * Nitric Oxide Medicine & Life Sciences ... Mabbott, N. A. ; Sutherland, I. A. ; Sternberg, J. M. / Trypanosoma brucei is protected from the cytostatic effects of nitric ... Mabbott, N. A., Sutherland, I. A., & Sternberg, J. M. (1994). Trypanosoma brucei is protected from the cytostatic effects of ... Mabbott, NA, Sutherland, IA & Sternberg, JM 1994, Trypanosoma brucei is protected from the cytostatic effects of nitric oxide ...
Furthermore, the cytostatic inhibition by TNP-470 is durable after washing out TNP-470 in culture. 14 For example, if ... Cytostatic inhibition of endothelial cell growth by the angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 (AGM-1470). Br J Cancer. 1994;69:212-216 ... The HUVECs were more sensitive to this agent than were the BRPECs. *P , 0.01 compared with the control. §P , 0.01 compared with ... The HUVECs were more sensitive to this agent than were the BRPECs. *P , 0.01 compared with the control. §P , 0.01 compared with ...
Robotic arms are a reliable alternative to the human hand in the challenging task of dispensing cytostatic drugs and in ... The safe handling of chemotherapeutic agents: robots in the pharmacy. If you are a pharmacist, logistician or doctor, you know ...
DNA damaging agents induce expression of Fas ligand and subsequent apoptosis in T lymphocytes via the activation of NF-kappa B ... As a result Myc switches, from cytostatic to apoptotic, the p53-dependent response of colon cancer cells to DNA damage [4]. ... Alzheimers disease cells exhibit defective repair of alkylating agent-induced DNA damage. Robison, S.H., Munzer, J.S., Tandan ... Mutants of ino80 show hypersensitivity to agents that cause DNA damage, in addition to defects in transcription [3]. ...
  • These results will be applied to a model for cell cycle specific cancer chemotherapy with cytotoxic and cytostatic agents. (aimsciences.org)
  • Robotic arms are a reliable alternative to the human hand in the challenging task of dispensing cytostatic drugs and in oncology. (staubli.com)
  • According to Pelton, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) did some early tests on rapamycin and concluded that it heads a new class of chemotherapy agents. (newstarget.com)
  • Many types of haematological tumours may damage bone marrow function, which, on the other hand, is very sensitive to the cytotoxicity of many types of chemotherapy agents. (vin.com)
  • In addition, kidney and liver function may be important in excreting the chemotherapy agents and thereby determine their plasma and tissue concentrations and half-life, and risk for toxicity. (vin.com)
  • What we show here is they are actually inducing DNA damage like chemotherapy agents," he said. (musc.edu)
  • Other uses of cytostatic chemotherapy agents (including the ones mentioned below) are the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis and the suppression of transplant rejections (see immunosuppression and DMARDs ). (wikidoc.org)
  • This is a list of dual hormonal and cytostatic antineoplastic agents. (wikipedia.org)
  • Manfred Georg Krukemeyer first describes magnetic drug targeting, by which is meant the focused application of drugs, e.g. the introduction of a cytostatic, and which is aimed at optimising its locally therapeutic effect. (nshealth.ca)
  • This new agent contrasts with other immunosuppressives and cytostatic drugs in its weak myelotoxicity. (nih.gov)
  • Hyperthermia may increase chemotherapeutic drug uptake, influence the intracellular distribution and metabolism of drugs, and/or inhibit repair of DNA damage in neoplastic cells, thus, improving the effect of chemotherapeutic agents ( 13 , 16 , 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Rapamycin is cytostatic and suppresses the growth of cancer cells without all of the side effects associated with cytotoxic drugs. (newstarget.com)
  • With treatment set-up we refer here to the fact as to whether cytostatic drugs are given solely or in combination with other treatment modalities. (vin.com)
  • Sensitization of cancer cells to conventional drugs using multi-target agents that block survival and oncogenic pathways, alone or in combination, is an emerging strategy to overcome drug resistance. (researchsquare.com)
  • A better understanding of apoptosis signaling is needed in order to combine cytostatic drugs in a more efficient way and to develop new targeted therapies. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • 2013). Cell cycle arrest was induced in tumor cell lines and patient samples in G0, G1 or G2 with cytostatic drugs, phase-specific inhibitors or RNA interference against cyclinB and E. Molecular or biochemical arrest at any point of the cell cycle augmented the rate of apoptosis by TRAIL. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Additionally, we studied the impact of p53 activation on the rate of apoptosis induced by combinations of cytostatic drugs (Ehrhardt, Schrembs, Moritz, Wachter et al. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Topo treatment led to increased resistance against cytostatic drugs, which are substrates of ABCG2. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Cytotoxic drugs kill cancer cells and cytostatic drugs slow or prevent cancer growth. (musc.edu)
  • Cyclophosphamide, an alkylating agent, is currently being used for the treatment of various types of cancer, either alone or in combination with other cytostatic drugs. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Conclusion: The randomized discontinuation design is a feasible alternative phase II study design for determining activity of possibly cytostatic anticancer agents. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Cyclophosphamide needs metabolic activation in the liver in order to have a cytostatic effect. (vin.com)
  • Cyclophosphamide, an alkylating agent, can be used with or without steroids in the treatment of SSc. (medscape.com)
  • BHPC was performed by combining perfusion-based hyperthermia with chemotherapeutic agent mitomycin C (MMC) in the bladder, and the chemotherapy group of patients received bladder MMC perfusion. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In that sense, the first modern chemotherapeutic agent was Paul Ehrlich 's arsphenamine , an arsenic compound discovered in 1909 and used to treat syphilis . (wikidoc.org)
  • We therefore propose gemcitabine is a promising chemotherapeutic agent that warrants further investigation as a treatment option for high-grade meningioma. (oncotarget.com)
  • However, unlike the PMEA derivatives, the antimetabolites remained equally cytostatic for the mutant K562 cells and for the wild-type cells. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Here in this study, we screened a panel of chemotherapeutic agents for their possible antitumor activity in high-grade meningioma and discovered that high-grade meningioma cells show a preferential sensitivity to antimetabolites, in particular, to gemcitabine. (oncotarget.com)
  • The author thus achieves a high concentration of cytostatic at the site of the tumour. (nshealth.ca)
  • The aim of the hypothesis formed by one of the author's study groups was to show in a scientific experiment that in this case cytostatics coupled with iron particles [Fe3O4] can be introduced into a tumour. (nshealth.ca)
  • The effect of chemotherapeutic agents - cytosine arabinoside, methotrexate, procarbazine, vinblastine and vincristine - generally applied in the treatment of human cancer were tested on the motility of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. (karger.com)
  • Currently, there is no established therapeutic option for high-grade meningioma recurring after surgery and radiotherapy, and few chemotherapeutic agents are in development for the treatment of high-grade meningioma. (oncotarget.com)
  • The need for novel phase II trial designs has increased, given the number of novel molecular targeted therapies now available for testing, an abundance of cytostatic agents, and limited resources to conduct phase III studies for all interesting agents or combinations. (uky.edu)
  • Together, our data demonstrate that gemcitabine exerts potent antitumor activity against high-grade meningioma through cytostatic and cytotoxic mechanisms. (oncotarget.com)
  • 1 Our solutions for drug application in oncology are developed to help protecting healthcare workers and patients from contamination with cytostatic agents. (bbraun.com)
  • The drug cocktail is prescribed by Care Oncology, a private clinic in London, which recommends a statin (a cholesterol-lowering drug), metformin (used to treat type-2 diabetes), doxycycline (an antibiotic) and mebendazole (an anti-worming agent). (biomedical.pl)
  • It was reasoned that an agent that damaged the rapidly growing white blood cells might have a similar effect on cancer. (wikidoc.org)
  • Cytostatic Agents" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (childrensmercy.org)
  • Efficient chemotherapy includes a combination of cytostatic agents from different substance groups, which are dosed and applied in the most effective way. (gpoh.de)
  • Pruritic seborrheic conditions include ectoparasites ( Demodex , Notoedres , Cheyletiella , flea related conditions, Sarcoptes ) allergies, infectious agents (staphylococcal pyoderma and Malassezia ) and neoplastic conditions as epitheliotrophic lymphoma that may be present with erythroderma (combination of erythema, pruritus and scaling). (vin.com)
  • However, these previous conventional trials were based on hot water-, microwave- or radiofrequency-induced local hyperthermia, either individually or in combination with cytostatic agents, which could maintain continuous and stable treatment temperatures, but lack effective temperature control or regulation, and cannot provide uniform distribution of heat to the bladder. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • 2011). A single drug is not very effective in cancer therapy therefore malignant diseases are usually treated with a combination of cytostatic agents. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • is an immunosuppressive agent. (mydr.com.au)
  • However, immunosuppressive agents are not without risk either. (medscape.com)
  • Rapamycin is already approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in humans as an immunosuppressant agent during organ transplants. (newstarget.com)
  • The treatment of CTD-ILD requires immunosuppression with either steroid or steroid-sparing agents. (medscape.com)
  • The study included 23 women with advanced-stage, histologically verified endothelial fallopian or peritoneal ovarian cancer that had progressed despite treatment with at least 2 (median of 4) different cytostatic regimens. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
  • Due to late-stage diagnoses, ovarian cancer commonly recurs and requires cytotoxic treatment, eventually becoming refractory to all approved agents. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
  • Prevention and treatment of injury from chemical warfare agents. (cdc.gov)
  • It is important to identify potent anti-angiogenic agents to arrest AMD in the incipient stage. (arvojournals.org)
  • This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. (karger.com)
  • They represent an efficient carrier system in drug delivery or in transporting contrast agents. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Purpose: Propose a phase II study design to evaluate the activity of a putative cytostatic agent, acknowledging heterogeneity of tumor growth rates in the population of patients. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • The K562/PMEA-1 cells showed reduced sensitivity to the differentiation-inducing capacity and cytostatic activity of several closely related PMEA analogs. (aspetjournals.org)
  • We propose a randomized discontinuation design that initially treats all patients with the study agent (stage 1) and then randomizes in a double-blind fashion to continuing therapy or placebo only those patients whose disease is stable (stage 2). (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV), an important agent of viral hepatitis worldwide, can cause severe courses of infection in pregnant women and immunosuppressed patients. (mdpi.com)
  • Others described patients receiving multiple cytostatic agents. (medscape.com)
  • Le taux élevé de nouvelles infections par le virus de l'hépatite B observé dans cette étude met en évidence la nécessité d'un meilleur dépistage des produits sanguins et d'une meilleure observance des techniques d'asepsie dans la prise en charge de ce groupe de patients. (who.int)
  • Most chemotherapeutic agents target all fast- dividing cells, such as cancer cells in general, rather than a certain (cancer) cell type in particular. (gpoh.de)
  • However, infectious agents like bacteria and yeast are secondary agents to other dermatosis, so in these cases we must identify the underlying cause in order to control secondary infection. (vin.com)
  • It also was 108-fold resistant to the cytostatic effects of PMEA. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Mabbott, NA, Sutherland, IA & Sternberg, JM 1994, ' Trypanosoma brucei is protected from the cytostatic effects of nitric oxide under in vivo conditions ', Parasitology Research , vol. 80, no. 8, pp. 687-690. (elsevierpure.com)
  • However, with an adeq battery of necf expsre blmarkers, prospective studies of en- vironmental effects on pregnancy outcomes might be possible. (cdc.gov)
  • Experimental evidence suggests that cyclosporin A, rather than being cytostatic or lympholytic, affects an early stage of mitogenic triggering of the immunocompetent lymphoid cell. (nih.gov)
  • Evidence for distinction of the differentiation-inducing activities and cytostatic properties of 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine and a variety of differentiation-inducing agents in human erythroleukemia K562 cells. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Such an optimized active ingredient could also be combined with other therapeutic agents. (labiotech.eu)
  • With succeeding generations of tumor cells, differentiation is typically lost, growth becomes less regulated, and tumors become less responsive to most chemotherapeutic agents. (wikidoc.org)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Cytostatic Agents" by people in this website by year, and whether "Cytostatic Agents" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (childrensmercy.org)
  • Did you mean topic:"cytostatics agents - therapeutic use" ? (nshealth.ca)