Cytoplasmic streaming in Chara corallina studied by laser light scattering. (1/128)

An apparatus is described by means of which the power versus frequency spectrum of the photomultiplier current can be obtained for laser light scattered by streaming cytoplasm in the algal cell Chara corallina. A Doppler peak is noted in the spectrum which is abolished when cytoplasmic streaming is arrested by electrical stimulation. For 5 cells of Chara, this simple laser-Doppler velocimeter gave streaming velocities (46-7 mum s-1, S.D. +/- 4-8 at 20 degrees C) similar to those obtained for the same cells using the light microscope (44-3 mum s-1, S.D. +/- 5-3 at 20 degrees C). A narrow distribution of streaming velocities is indicated. The technique described provides a rapid, quantitative assay of the in vivo rheological properties of cytoplasm.  (+info)

Microtubule-based endoplasmic reticulum motility in Xenopus laevis: activation of membrane-associated kinesin during development. (2/128)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in animal cells uses microtubule motor proteins to adopt and maintain its extended, reticular organization. Although the orientation of microtubules in many somatic cell types predicts that the ER should move toward microtubule plus ends, motor-dependent ER motility reconstituted in extracts of Xenopus laevis eggs is exclusively a minus end-directed, cytoplasmic dynein-driven process. We have used Xenopus egg, embryo, and somatic Xenopus tissue culture cell (XTC) extracts to study ER motility during embryonic development in Xenopus by video-enhanced differential interference contrast microscopy. Our results demonstrate that cytoplasmic dynein is the sole motor for microtubule-based ER motility throughout the early stages of development (up to at least the fifth embryonic interphase). When egg-derived ER membranes were incubated in somatic XTC cytosol, however, ER tubules moved in both directions along microtubules. Data from directionality assays suggest that plus end-directed ER tubule extensions contribute approximately 19% of the total microtubule-based ER motility under these conditions. In XTC extracts, the rate of ER tubule extensions toward microtubule plus ends is lower ( approximately 0.4 microm/s) than minus end-directed motility ( approximately 1.3 microm/s), and plus end-directed motility is eliminated by a function-blocking anti-conventional kinesin heavy chain antibody (SUK4). In addition, we provide evidence that the initiation of plus end-directed ER motility in somatic cytosol is likely to occur via activation of membrane-associated kinesin.  (+info)

Leukocyte-specific gene 1 protein (LSP1) is involved in chemokine KC-activated cytoskeletal reorganization in murine neutrophils in vitro. (3/128)

Leukocyte-specific gene 1 protein (LSP1) is a cytoskeletal-associated protein of leukocytes that in vitro cross-links F-actin into extensively branched bundles of mixed polarity. In this study, we examined chemotaxis and superoxide production in neutrophils prepared from wild-type (WT) and Lsp1 knockout mice. Compared to WT neutrophils, Lsp1-/- neutrophils showed impairment in both migration speed and chemotaxis direction during chemokine KC-directed chemotaxis. When examined by confocal microscopy, chemotaxing Lsp1-/- neutrophils showed abnormal morphologies. They had discontinuous primary actin-rich cortexes and large membrane protrusions. When stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), Lsp1-/- peritoneal neutrophils produce more superoxide than WT. The data presented suggest that LSP1 plays important roles in the regulation of neutrophil morphology, motility, and superoxide production.  (+info)

Dynamics of intracellular granules with CD63-GFP in rat basophilic leukemia cells. (4/128)

CD63 is located on the basophilic granule membranes in resting basophils, mast cells, and platelets, and is also located on the plasma membranes of the cells. We constructed a CD63-GFP (green fluorescent protein) plasmid and introduced it into rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells to observe the movements of CD63 on degranulation. The movements of CD63-GFP were studied in living RBL cells by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). CD63-GFP, in which GFP was conjugated to the C-terminus of CD63, was located on both the granule membranes and the plasma membranes of RBL cells. The diameter of the fluorescent granules in the cytoplasm varied from 0.5 to 1.5 microm. Before antigen stimulation most granules with CD63-GFP hardly moved in RBL cells. However, after antigen stimulation the plasma membranes ruffled violently and the granules moved dramatically. They reached the plasma membranes in a few minutes and fused with them instantaneously. Analysis of the movement of each granule provided a new insight into the elementary process of degranulation. The velocity of the granule movement toward the plasma membranes on antigen stimulation was calculated to be 0.1+/-0.02 microm/s. This shows that the granules are able to reach the plasma membranes in 2 or 3 min if the diameter of the cells is 20 microm.  (+info)

Motility in Echinosphaerium nucleofilum. I. An analysis of particle motions in the axopodia and a direct test of the involvement of the axoneme. (5/128)

The motion of particles in the axopodia of Echinosphaerium nucleofilum is saltatory. In the present study, photokymograph records of 123 motions from six axopodia have been analyzed. Particles followed rectilinear paths of from 1 to 15 mum while in continuous motion at an average velocity of 0.66 plus or minus 0.32 mum/s. The velocity of the particles was variable in 36% of the cases measured. Some motions were punctuated by pauses either before continuing in the same direction or reversing. Frequently, several particles were moving at the same velocity, but neighboring particles showed no motion or moved in the opposite direction. Two particles occasionally contacted one another and travelled as a unit for varying lengths of time but subsequently moved independently. These motions reflect the underlying mechanism of motive force production. Furthermore, a glass microneedle can be substituted for the microtubular axoneme in the axopodia. In these artificial axopodia, bidirectional particle motions occurred which were similar to those in normal axopodia. Colchicine, at the threshold dose for axonemal dissolution, had no affect on these particel motions. It is concluded that the microtubular axoneme is not responsible for particle motions and also that individual microtubules are unlikely candidates for motive force production in this system.  (+info)

Motility in Echinosphaerium nucleofilum. II. Cytoplasmic contractility and its molecular basis. (6/128)

Echinosphaerium nucleofilum exhibits at least three kinds of movement: locomotion by the bending and shortening of its many axopodia, feeding by means of food-cup pseudopodia formed from its cortical cytoplasm, and saltatory motion of cytoplasmic particles, especially in the cortex and axopodia. Since previously presented evidence indicated that the microtubular axoneme is not essential for particle motion, the cytoplasm was investigated for the possible existence of contractile behavior and for the possible presence of linear elements other than microtubules. Cytoplasm can be isolated in physiological media in which rigor, relaxation, and contraction can be induced, as in muscle, by manipulating the concentrations of calcium ions and magnesium-adenosine triphosphate. Contraction is initiated by calcium ions at concentrations above 2.4 times 10-minus 7 M. The rigor-to-relaxation transition occurs at subthreshold calcium concentrations on the addition of 10-minus 3 M ATP. Negatively stained preparations of isolated cytoplasm show two types of filaments: thin filaments identified as cytoplasmic actin by virtue of their binding heavy meromyosin from striated muscle in characteristic arrowhead arrays, and thicker filaments which do not strictly resemble myosin aggregates from muscle or amoeba but could conceivably by myosin aggregated in an unfamiliar form.  (+info)

Actin polymerization is essential for pollen tube growth. (7/128)

Actin microfilaments, which are prominent in pollen tubes, have been implicated in the growth process; however, their mechanism of action is not well understood. In the present work we have used profilin and DNAse I injections, as well as latrunculin B and cytochalasin D treatments, under quantitatively controlled conditions, to perturb actin microfilament structure and assembly in an attempt to answer this question. We found that a approximately 50% increase in the total profilin pool was necessary to half-maximally inhibit pollen tube growth, whereas a approximately 100% increase was necessary for half-maximal inhibition of cytoplasmic streaming. DNAse I showed a similar inhibitory activity but with a threefold more pronounced effect on growth than streaming. Latrunculin B, at only 1--4 nM in the growth medium, has a similar proportion of inhibition of growth over streaming to that of profilin. The fact that tip growth is more sensitive than streaming to the inhibitory substances and that there is no correlation between streaming and growth rates suggests that tip growth requires actin assembly in a process independent of cytoplasmic streaming.  (+info)

The effect of the external medium on the gravity-induced polarity of cytoplasmic streaming in Chara corallina (Characeae). (8/128)

Gravity induces a polarity of cytoplasmic streaming in vertical internodal cells of Chara such that the downwardly directed stream moves faster than the upwardly directed stream. In order to determine whether the statolith theory (in which intracellular sedimenting particles are responsible for gravity sensing) or the gravitational pressure theory (in which the entire protoplast acts as the gravity sensor) best explain the gravity response in Chara internodal cells, we controlled the physical properties of the external medium, including density and osmolarity, with impermeant solutes and examined the effect on the polarity of cytoplasmic streaming. As the density of the external medium is increased, the polarity of cytoplasmic streaming decreases and finally disappears when the density of the external medium is equal to that of the cell (1015 kg/m3). A further increase in the density of the external medium causes a reversal of the gravity response. These results are consistent with the gravitational pressure theory of gravity sensing since the buoyancy of the protoplast is dependent on the difference between the density of the protoplast and the external medium, and are inconsistent with the statolith theory since the buoyancy of intracellular particles are unaffected by changes in the external medium.  (+info)

... and cytoplasmic streaming has been studied in these large cells. Cytoplasmic streaming is strongly dependent upon intracellular ... Cytoplasmic streaming, also called protoplasmic streaming and cyclosis, is the flow of the cytoplasm inside the cell, driven by ... Cytoplasmic streaming in some species is caused by pressure gradients along the length of the cell. Physarum polycephalum is a ... Cytoplasmic streaming occurs due to the motion of organelles attached to actin filaments via myosin motor proteins. However, in ...
Cytoplasmic streaming is a way in which cells move molecular substances throughout the cytoplasm, various motor proteins work ... "cytoplasmic streaming - biology". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2008-06-11. Retrieved 2022-06-23. " ...
Cytoplasmic streaming is shown. Clocks; a striking mechanism Surgical instruments A replica of Varley's graphic telescope was ...
ISBN 0-12-690647-5. Allen, RD; Allen, RS (1978). "Cytoplasmic Streaming in Amoeboid Movement". Annual Review of Biophysics and ... As a new pseudopod is extended, a variable zone of ectoplasm forms at the leading edge and a fountaining stream of endoplasm ...
In higher organisms this can be crucial for internal transport processes, as in cytoplasmic streaming within plant cells, or ... Allen, N. S.; Allen, R. D. (1978). "Cytoplasmic Streaming in Green Plants". Annual Review of Biophysics and Bioengineering. 7: ...
Cytoplasmic streaming Category:Cell movement Pseudopodium Amoeba Nishigami Y, Ichikawa M, Kazama T, Kobayashi R, Shimmen T, ... Allen RD, Allen NS (1978). "Cytoplasmic streaming in amoeboid movement". Annual Review of Biophysics and Bioengineering. 7: 469 ... During the bleb-driven amoeboid movement, the cytoplasmic sol-gel state is regulated. Blebbing can also be a sign of when a ... On the opposite (posterior) end of the cell, plasma gel is then converted to plasma sol and streamed toward the advancing ...
... so cytoplasmic streaming is important in these types of cells. This is because the cell's extra volume requires cytoplasmic ... Cytoplasmic streaming, also known as cyclosis, is the active movement of a cell's contents along the components of the ... Goldstein RE, van de Meent JW (August 2015). "A physical perspective on cytoplasmic streaming". Interface Focus. 5 (4): ... Woodhouse FG, Goldstein RE (August 2013). "Cytoplasmic streaming in plant cells emerges naturally by microfilament self- ...
Cytoplasmic streaming is likely to contribute to plasmodium migration. Here, contraction patterns are observed to correlate ... The plasmodium of myxomycetes, and especially that of Physarum polycephalum is known for its cytoplasmic streaming. The ... Kamiya, N (1981). "Physical and chemical basis of cytoplasmic streaming". Annu Rev Plant Physiol. 32: 205-236. doi:10.1146/ ... Cytoplasmic flows enable long-ranged transport and dispersion of molecules within the cytoplasm. The physical mechanism ...
cytometer cytoplasm cytoplasmic streaming The flow of the cytoplasm inside a cell, driven by forces exerted upon cytoplasmic ... cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) cyclosis See cytoplasmic streaming. cytidine (C, Cyd) One of the four standard ... Junk RNA is usually quickly degraded by ribonucleases and other cytoplasmic enzymes. Contents Top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O ... coenocyte A multinucleate mass of cytoplasm bounded by a cell wall and resulting from continuous cytoplasmic growth and ...
Physarum polycephalum are useful for studying cytoplasmic streaming. They have also been used to study the biochemical events ...
Pickard, W. F. (2003). The role of cytoplasmic streaming in symplastic transport. Plant, Cell & Environment 26: 1-15, [1]. ...
Reverse-fountain cytoplasmic streaming occurs at the subapex; the direction of cytoplasmic streaming is reversed and continues ... Reverse-fountain cytoplasmic streaming occurs during the tip growth which is essential for the cellular expansion, because it ... there are longitudinal actin cables in the shank region in order to regulate reverse-fountain cytoplasmic streaming. The F- ... Other parts in the ovary include cytoplasmic factors like miRNA and chemical gradients that attract the pollen tube to grow ...
Cytoplasmic streaming - Flowing of cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells. DNA repair - The process used by cells to fix damaged DNA ... Cytoplasm - A gelatinous, semi-transparent fluid that fills most cells, it includes all cytosol, organelles and cytoplasmic ... or in the cytoplasmic membrane of photosynthetic bacteria. Plasmid - An extrachromosomal DNA molecule separate from the ...
Williamson, R. E.; Ashley, C. C. (1982). "Free Ca2+ and cytoplasmic streaming in the alga Chara". Nature. 296 (5858): 647-651. ...
Wayne, Randy, Staves, Mark P. and Leopold, A. Carl (1995). "Detection of Gravity-Induced Polarity of Cytoplasmic Streaming in ... "The Effect of the External Medium on the Gravity-Induced Polarity of Cytoplasmic Streaming in Chara corallina (Characeae)" (PDF ...
Sabnis, DD; Jacobs, WP (December 1967). "Cytoplasmic streaming and microtubules in the coenocytic marine alga, Caulerpa ...
... he also showed that Ca2+ and phosphorylation regulated cytoplasmic streaming. According to Tazawa, Cytoplasmic streaming is one ... Tazawa developed cell models to study cytoplasmic streaming in characean cells. Using a cell model, he measured the motive ... S2CID 249521280.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Kamiya, N. (1986). "Cytoplasmic streaming in ... rotational cytoplasmic streaming in characean internodal cells through a microscope is almost like seeing life itself. Tazawa ...
Van De Meent, J. N. W.; Sederman, A. J.; Gladden, L. F.; Goldstein, R. E. (2009). "Measurement of cytoplasmic streaming in ... Woodhouse, F. G.; Goldstein, R. E. (2013). "Cytoplasmic streaming in plant cells emerges naturally by microfilament self- ...
Within each protoplasmic strand, the cytoplasmic contents rapidly stream, periodically reversing direction. The streaming ... Levine, Herbert; Reynolds, William (May 1991). "Streaming instability of aggregating slime mold amoebae". Physical Review ...
"Polar auxin transport and auxin-induced elongation in the absence of cytoplasmic streaming". Planta. 111 (4): 279-296. doi: ...
In plants, movement of the cytoplasm around vacuoles is known as cytoplasmic streaming. The term was introduced by Rudolf von ... Amoeboid movement - Mode of locomotion in eukaryotic cells Cytoplasmic streaming - Flow of the cytoplasm inside the cell ... The flow of cytoplasmic components plays an important role in many cellular functions which are dependent on the permeability ... In this theory, the greater the concentration of cytoplasmic components, the less the cytoplasm behaves like a liquid and the ...
Streaming in Chara is the fastest recorded of any cell. Cytoplasmic streaming is caused by the microfilaments found inside the ... In these whorls it is possible to see the phenomenon of cytoplasmic streaming. ... cell, as proven by the use of cytochalasin B to stop streaming.[citation needed] There are about 400 extant species worldwide, ...
Cytoplasmic organization and rhythmic streaming in growing blades of Caulerpa prolifera Retrieved August 18, 2011. Ceccherelli ...
The plasmodium can reach sizes up to a meter across and moves through cytoplasmic streaming. Under favorable conditions, the ...
His contributions include one of the earliest detailed descriptions of the cell nucleus and cytoplasmic streaming; the ...
For localized movement, cytoplasmic streaming within cells and slow diffusion of ions and molecules between cells are utilized ...
"Project Ariadne: The Effects of Microgravity on the Periodicity of Cytoplasmic Streaming in the Acellular Slime Mold 'Physarum ...
The topic had been stimulated by Huxley seeing the cytoplasmic streaming in plant cells, which is indeed a sensational sight. ... After a stream of good articles the NHR failed after four years; but it had helped at a critical time for the establishment of ... Retrieved from https://archive.org/stream/agnosticism00variuoft/agnosticism00variuoft_djvu.txt Huxley T. H. 1889. Agnosticism: ...
The cytoplasm of this organism is thick and streams bidirectionally through the veins. Cytoplasmic streaming allowing for the ... The organism has unique bidirectional cytoplasmic streaming throughout the anastomosing pseudopodia that is some of the fastest ... has been used as a model system in studies of cytoskeletal transport due to the unique fast bidirectional cytoplasmic streaming ...
... cytoplasmic streaming and auxin metabolism". Frontiers in Plant Science. 7: 1052. doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.01052. PMC 4958633. ...
... and cytoplasmic streaming has been studied in these large cells. Cytoplasmic streaming is strongly dependent upon intracellular ... Cytoplasmic streaming, also called protoplasmic streaming and cyclosis, is the flow of the cytoplasm inside the cell, driven by ... Cytoplasmic streaming in some species is caused by pressure gradients along the length of the cell. Physarum polycephalum is a ... Cytoplasmic streaming occurs due to the motion of organelles attached to actin filaments via myosin motor proteins. However, in ...
In vitro models of tail contraction and cytoplasmic streaming in amoeboid cells. L W Janson, L W Janson ... L W Janson, D L Taylor; In vitro models of tail contraction and cytoplasmic streaming in amoeboid cells.. J Cell Biol 15 ... However, streaming of the solated gel components occurred only under conditions where the length distribution of actin was ... How an actin network might cause fountain streaming and nuclear migration in the syncytial Drosophila embryo. ...
Microfluidics of cytoplasmic streaming. Dr Jan-Willem van de Meent, DAMTP, Cambridge. ...
Cytoplasmic Streaming in Drosophila melanogaster Tuesday 20 December 2011 11:00 seminar room. 352. Sciences II Prof. M. ...
... clear cytoplasmic paths containing relatively fast velocity streaming and slow velocity streaming were observed, as evidenced ... Reverse cytoplasmic streaming was observed in M. elongata NVP64+ using these microfluidic chambers, with cellular vesicles and ... To better visualize and quantify the rate of cytoplasmic streaming in M. elongata NVP64+, we used ORNL microfluidic devices. ... Dynamics of bacteria along the hyphal-highway and cytoplasmic streaming within the mycelium. ...
Measurement of cytoplasmic streaming in single plant cells by magnetic resonance velocimetry. JW van de Meent, AJ Sederman, LF ... Microfluidics of cytoplasmic streaming and its implications for intracellular transport. RE Goldstein, I Tuval, JW van de Meent ... Natures microfluidic transporter: rotational cytoplasmic streaming at high P clet numbers. JW van de Meent, I Tuval, RE ... A physical perspective on cytoplasmic streaming. RE Goldstein, JW van de Meent ...
For optimal cytoplasmic streaming in the long and narrow hypocotyls, the actin network needs to be highly parallel to the major ... This is likely to also be influenced by the large levels of cytoplasmic streaming that are observed in the long, thin hypocotyl ... A physical perspective on cytoplasmic streaming. Interface Focus, 5(4), 5 2015. ... as well as less reliance on cytoplasmic streaming, reduces the need for such an organised, polarised network in leaves. ...
Shimmen T, Yokota E. Physiological and biochemical aspects of cytoplasmic streaming. Int Rev Cytol (1994) 155:97-139. doi: ... Kausar S, Asif M, Bibi N, Rashid S. Comparative molecular docking analysis of cytoplasmic dynein light chain DYNLL1 with pilin ... but recent evidence suggests that the cytosolic streaming of water soluble molecules is not a chaotic stochastic event (53), ...
Time: 10:45AM - Cytoplasmic Streaming and the Swirling Instability of the Microtubule Cytoskeleton - Location: Mathematical ...
Cytoplasmic streaming is shown in fast motion to show rotation of organelles. Solid support for these protistans may be ... Cytoplasmic streaming is shown in fast motion to show rotation of organelles. Solid support for these protistans may be ...
Time: 10:45AM - Cytoplasmic Streaming and the Swirling Instability of the Microtubule Cytoskeleton - Location: Mathematical ...
What is cytoplasmic streaming? Asked by pb_ckt , 04 May, 2019, 12:01: AM ...
Time: 10:45AM - Cytoplasmic Streaming and the Swirling Instability of the Microtubule Cytoskeleton - Location: Mathematical ...
Because cytoplasmic streaming is caused by myosin XI, it ... Edit Nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA facilitates SARS-CoV-2 ...
Time: 10:45AM - Cytoplasmic Streaming and the Swirling Instability of the Microtubule Cytoskeleton - Location: Mathematical ...
... cytoplasmic streaming, cellular architecture and morphogenesis. The ultimate goal for our research is to analyze the regulatory ...
... known as cytoplasmic streaming.. Quantitative Image Analysis Reveals Endosomal Identity of Vapyrin-Bodies and Association With ... b) Free GFP in N. benthamiana leaves reveal cytoplasmic localization. (c,d) Localization of VAPYRIN-GFP to mobile Vapyrin- ... The hypha is surrounded by a peri-arbuscular membrane (white arrows) and embedded in an organelle-rich cytoplasmic pocket with ... f) Free GFP in stably transformed A. thaliana roots exhibits cytoplasmic localization. Size bar: 10 μm. ...
... and in the peripheral flow of cytoplasm and cell organelles known as cytoplasmic streaming. Hence microfilaments play a crucial ...
Streamings, Cytoplasmic ‐ The movement of protoplasm within a cell. It serves as an internal… ...
Cytoplasmic streaming*▪ Cell motility (pseudopodia)*▪ Cell division (cleavage furrow) * Microtubles are involved in what in the ...
Focused-light-induced-cytoplasmic-streaming (FLUCS) is a new non-invasive laser technique that reveals the physical principles ...
The streaming may be involved in producing "suction" which draws filamentous cyanobacteria inside. Cytoplasmic streaming also ... J.B Tucker (1978). Endocytosis and streaming of highly gelated cytoplasm along side of rows of arm-bearing microtubules in the ... When these ciliates are stationary their cytoplasm actively streams and resembles an abstract painting in motion. ...
... time that I saw a live plant cell under the microscope and froze as I watched the continuous flux of cytoplasmic streaming and ...
... rods called microfilaments and intermediate filaments and cylinders called microtubules and exhibits cytoplasmic streaming. The ... The Plasma (Cytoplasmic) Membrane - The plasma (cytoplasmic) membrane (or inner membrane) is a thin structure lying inside the ...
... protoplasmic streaming, cell polarity fixation, cytoplasmic cleavage, protein synthesis, etc. Protoplasm is a dynamic fluid. ... B) The intermediate filaments (blue) have an average diameter of 10 nm, and they are mostly cytoplasmic (except the nuclear ...
Protoplasmic Streamings. Streaming, Cytoplasmic. Streaming, Protoplasmic. Streamings, Cytoplasmic. Streamings, Protoplasmic. ... Cytoplasmic Streaming - Preferred Concept UI. M0005616. Scope note. The movement of CYTOPLASM within a CELL. It serves as an ... Cytoplasmic Streaming Entry term(s). Cytoplasmic Streamings Streaming, Cytoplasmic Streamings, Cytoplasmic Protoplasmic ... Cytoplasmic Streamings. Protoplasmic Streaming. ... Protoplasmic Streaming Entry term(s). Protoplasmic Streamings ...
... cytoplasmic streaming. When you study plants, it is important for you to note about cytoplasmic streaming. This term is used to ...
Leonard, the EBOOK CELL DYNAMICS: CYTOPLASMIC STREAMING CELL MOVEMENT-CONTRACTION AND MIGRATION CELL AND ORGANELLE DIVISION ... book : volume streams can have all parts of the Page. microlestes will have the buy javascript programmers to be how to ... Can stream and worry organization features of this planet to exit editions with them. Which buy javascript reports your same ... The Gulf Stream underlying from about course. 940 probabilities an sheet, and is to the model. 766 results, or 174 constructs ...
... such as cell division in animal cells and cytoplasmic streaming, which is the circular movement of the cell cytoplasm in plant ...
Cytoplasmic Streaming. Also known as protoplasmic streaming, cytoplasmic streaming occurs when the cytoplasm itself moves ... Through the process of cytoplasmic streaming, the cytoplasm assists with the transport of organelles and cytoplasmic inclusions ... Cytoplasmic streaming is not completely understood in the way it works. However, it is believed that with a mixture of motor ... Cytoplasmic Inclusions. Cytoplasmic inclusions are part of the cytosol but are not membrane-bound so they are not considered ...
  • Cytoplasmic streaming, also called protoplasmic streaming and cyclosis, is the flow of the cytoplasm inside the cell, driven by forces from the cytoskeleton. (wikipedia.org)
  • The flow of cytoplasm may be stopped by: Adding Lugol's iodine solution Adding Cytochalasin D (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide) What is clearly visible in plants cells which exhibit cytoplasmic streaming is the motion of the chloroplasts moving with the cytoplasmic flow. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cytoplasm flows at a rate of 100 microns/sec, the fastest of all known cytoplasmic streaming phenomena. (wikipedia.org)
  • They are also involved in the transport of materials within the cell, and in the peripheral flow of cytoplasm and cell organelles known as cytoplasmic streaming . (encyclopedia.com)
  • This enables actin to engage in cellular events requiring motion, such as cell division in animal cells and cytoplasmic streaming, which is the circular movement of the cell cytoplasm in plant cells. (lumenlearning.com)
  • The amoeba moves by throwing out cytoplasmic buds, or pseudopodia, into which the rest of the cytoplasm flows in a streaming movement. (indianetzone.com)
  • Cytoplasmic streaming-pseudopod (false foot) extends and cytoplasm streams into it. (merithub.com)
  • As the myosin molecules "walk" along the actin filaments dragging the organelles with them, the cytoplasmic fluid becomes entrained and is pushed/pulled along. (wikipedia.org)
  • chup1 mutant lacked cp-actin filaments but showed normal cytoplasmic actin filaments. (scite.ai)
  • Within each protoplasmic strand the cytoplasmic contents rapidly stream. (ed.ac.uk)
  • In this work we (1) determine the shelf-life of ready-to-use microfluidics, (2) demonstrate biofilm-like colonization on fungi, (3) describe bacterial motility on fungal hyphae (fungal highway), (4) report material-dependent bacterial-fungal colonization, (5) demonstrate germination of vacuum-sealed Arabidopsis seeds in microfluidics stored for up to 2 weeks, and (6) observe bidirectional cytoplasmic streaming in fungi. (springer.com)
  • It contains various cytoplasmic components, such as the cytosol , cytoplasmic structures, mitochondria , and other organelles . (biologyonline.com)
  • and a general multiplication of the cytoplasmic constituents, including mitochondria, ER and all other organelles. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cytoplasmic streaming is shown in fast motion to show rotation of organelles. (asm.org)
  • A fully-differentiated sperm cell , for instance, would lose much of its cytoplasmic organelles. (biologyonline.com)
  • In plant cells, chloroplasts may be moved around with the stream, possibly to a position of optimum light absorption for photosynthesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chloroplasts are never seen to cross these zones, and as a result it was thought that cytoplasmic and vacuolar fluid flow are similarly restricted, but this is not true. (wikipedia.org)
  • I took a circuitous path to the field of biology, but the first time that I saw a live plant cell under the microscope and froze as I watched the continuous flux of cytoplasmic streaming and the bright green chloroplasts that seemed to vibrate with life, I knew that I'd made the right choice. (aaas.org)
  • In smaller cells, the diffusion of molecules is more rapid, but diffusion slows as the size of the cell increases, so larger cells may need cytoplasmic streaming for efficient function. (wikipedia.org)
  • The simple chemicals used by plants are transported where they're needed through four methods- cytoplasmic streaming, slow diffusion, via xylem, or via phloem . (scienceabc.com)
  • Cytoplasmic streaming is strongly dependent upon intracellular pH and temperature. (wikipedia.org)
  • The microtubule and microfilament cytoskeleton is essential for many dynamic cellular process including: cell division, cytoplasmic streaming, cellular architecture and morphogenesis. (purdue.edu)
  • A particular focus will be on streaming in the Drosophila oocyte, for which I will describe a recently discovered "swirling instability" of the microtubule cytoskeleton. (unige.it)
  • Second, Raymond Goldstein and others developed a mathematical fluid model for the cytoplasmic flow which not only predicts the behavior noted by Kamiya and Kuroda, but predicts the trajectories of cytoplasmic flow through indifferent zones. (wikipedia.org)
  • First, Kamiya and Kuroda, experimentally determined that cytoplasmic flow rate varies radially within the cell, a phenomenon not clearly depicted by the chloroplast movement. (wikipedia.org)
  • Internal movement is called cytoplasmic streaming. (diffusion-rec.fr)
  • The streaming protoplasm within a plasmodial strand can reach speeds of up to 1.35 mm per second which is the fastest rate recorded for any micro-organism. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Migration of the plasmodium is accomplished when more protoplasm streams to advancing areas and protoplasm is withdrawn from rear areas. (ed.ac.uk)
  • The green alga genus Chara possesses some very large cells, up to 10 cm in length, and cytoplasmic streaming has been studied in these large cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • In vitro models of tail contraction and cytoplasmic streaming in amoeboid cells. (rupress.org)
  • Cytoplasmic streaming is the persistent circulation of the fluid contents of large eukaryotic cells, driven by the action of molecular motors moving along cytoskeletal filaments, entraining fluid. (unige.it)
  • Cytoplasmic flow rates can range between 1 and 100 micron/sec. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chara corallina exhibits cyclic cytoplasmic flow around a large central vacuole. (wikipedia.org)
  • When you study plants, it is important for you to note about cytoplasmic streaming. (factfile.org)
  • It has been observed that the effect of temperature on cytoplasmic streaming created linear variance and dependence at different high temperatures in comparison to low temperatures. (wikipedia.org)
  • The optimal pH at which cytoplasmic streaming is highest, is achieved at neutral pH and decreases at both low and high pH. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, streaming of the solated gel components occurred only under conditions where the length distribution of actin was decreased, causing a self-destruct process of continued solation and contraction of the gel. (rupress.org)
  • The N-terminal head domain of kinesin heavy chain (Khc) is well known for generating force for transport along microtubules in cytoplasmic organization processes during metazoan development, but the functions of the C-terminal tail are not clear. (silverchair.com)
  • The phenomena of cytoplasmic streaming can be seen in these whorls. (vedantu.com)
  • Cytoplasmic Streaming in the Drosophila Oocyte. (ucla.edu)
  • To address this, we studied the effects of tail mutations on mitochondria transport, determinant mRNA localization and cytoplasmic streaming in Drosophila . (silverchair.com)
  • The cytoplasmic streaming process in Drosophila oocytes offers a striking example of hydrodynamics in action. (fertiligy.com)
  • When confined to emulsion droplets, three-dimensional networks spontaneously adsorb onto the droplet surfaces to produce highly active two-dimensional nematic liquid crystals whose streaming flows are controlled by internally generated fractures and self-healing, as well as unbinding and annihilation of oppositely charged disclination defects. (nature.com)
  • Water in a narrow stream flows smoothly, but once the water molecules make their way into a pond, they spread out and no longer flow coherently. (softbites.org)
  • For example, our research established that cytoplasmic flows localize PAR proteins. (casus.science)
  • This kind of internal movement is called cyclosis, or cytoplasmic streaming. (nih.gov)
  • Dynamic maintenance of asymmetric meiotic spindle position through Arp2/3-complex-driven cytoplasmic streaming in mouse oocytes. (addgene.org)
  • 1. The ability to move by cytoplasmic streaming and the formation of pseudopodia, as in ameba. (wordinfo.info)
  • Her study looks at the intersection of Microfilament and topics like Heavy meromyosin with Cytoplasmic streaming and Pseudopodia. (research.com)
  • Results strongly suggest that cytoplasmic streaming is a key determinant of plant size. (botany.one)
  • Dynamics of 2D streaming nematics confined to fluid interfaces. (nature.com)
  • It is the hyaloplasm of light microscopy, a highly complex, polyphasic system in which all resolvable cytoplasmic elements are suspended, including the larger organelles such as the ribosomes , mitochondria , the plant plastids , lipid droplets, and vacuoles . (cloudfront.net)
  • This vigorous movement of cytoplasmic vesicles is microtubule and kinesin-dependent 5 and provides a useful system for investigating cytoskeleton function at these stages. (jove.com)
  • Second, Raymond Goldstein and others developed a mathematical fluid model for the cytoplasmic flow which not only predicts the behavior noted by Kamiya and Kuroda, but predicts the trajectories of cytoplasmic flow through indifferent zones. (wikipedia.org)
  • Its life cycle contains many steps, however the most interesting behavior known as "Cytoplasmic Streaming", happens during the organism's plasmodium phase. (moll.dev)
  • As the myosin molecules "walk" along the actin filaments dragging the organelles with them, the cytoplasmic fluid becomes entrained and is pushed/pulled along. (wikipedia.org)
  • To mimic cytoplasmic streaming, we generated a circulating flow using surface acoustic wave in a microfluidic channel and investigated its effect on the formation of networks by actin and ABPs. (elsevierpure.com)
  • One such example is the process of ooplasmic streaming, which initiates at mid-oogenesis 3,4 . (jove.com)
  • Chloroplasts are never seen to cross these zones, and as a result it was thought that cytoplasmic and vacuolar fluid flow are similarly restricted, but this is not true. (wikipedia.org)
  • Discovered by Bonaventura Corti in 1774, streaming has been studied intensely for over two centuries, but many fundamental questions have remained unanswered with regard to how the fluid motion impacts on cellular metabolism, homeostasis, and mixing. (cam.ac.uk)
  • In such an alternative approach, the aggregate random forces within the cell caused by motor proteins explain the non- Brownian motion of cytoplasmic constituents. (cloudfront.net)
  • Towards this end, my lab pioneered the optical control of cytoplasmic motion, which we refer to as FocusedLight-Induced-Cytoplasmic-Streaming (FLUCS, commercialization initiated). (casus.science)
  • It has been observed that the effect of temperature on cytoplasmic streaming created linear variance and dependence at different high temperatures in comparison to low temperatures. (wikipedia.org)
  • Adapter protein that interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of numerous receptor kinases and modulates down-stream signaling. (nih.gov)