Cytomegalovirus Infections
Cytomegalovirus
A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS.
Muromegalovirus
Ganciclovir
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
Cytomegalovirus Vaccines
Antiviral Agents
Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.
Foscarnet
Immediate-Early Proteins
Proteins that are coded by immediate-early genes, in the absence of de novo protein synthesis. The term was originally used exclusively for viral regulatory proteins that were synthesized just after viral integration into the host cell. It is also used to describe cellular proteins which are synthesized immediately after the resting cell is stimulated by extracellular signals.
Immunocompetence
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
Virus Replication
Virus Activation
The mechanism by which latent viruses, such as genetically transmitted tumor viruses (PROVIRUSES) or PROPHAGES of lysogenic bacteria, are induced to replicate and then released as infectious viruses. It may be effected by various endogenous and exogenous stimuli, including B-cell LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES, glucocorticoid hormones, halogenated pyrimidines, IONIZING RADIATION, ultraviolet light, and superinfecting viruses.
Roseolovirus
Viral Matrix Proteins
Fibroblasts
Immunocompromised Host
Gastritis, Hypertrophic
Immunoglobulin M
Polymerase Chain Reaction
In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.
Opportunistic Infections
Transplantation, Homologous
Genes, Immediate-Early
Genes that show rapid and transient expression in the absence of de novo protein synthesis. The term was originally used exclusively for viral genes where immediate-early referred to transcription immediately following virus integration into the host cell. It is also used to describe cellular genes which are expressed immediately after resting cells are stimulated by extracellular signals such as growth factors and neurotransmitters.
Salivary Glands
Fetal Diseases
Urine
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
Complement Fixation Tests
Serologic tests based on inactivation of complement by the antigen-antibody complex (stage 1). Binding of free complement can be visualized by addition of a second antigen-antibody system such as red cells and appropriate red cell antibody (hemolysin) requiring complement for its completion (stage 2). Failure of the red cells to lyse indicates that a specific antigen-antibody reaction has taken place in stage 1. If red cells lyse, free complement is present indicating no antigen-antibody reaction occurred in stage 1.
Cells, Cultured
Organ Transplantation
Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
Immunoglobulin G
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
Opportunistic infections found in patients who test positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most common include PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA, Kaposi's sarcoma, cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and infections with Mycobacterium avium complex, Microsporidium, and Cytomegalovirus.
Pregnancy
Ribonucleosides
Herpesvirus 6, Human
The type species of ROSEOLOVIRUS isolated from patients with AIDS and other LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS. It infects and replicates in fresh and established lines of hematopoietic cells and cells of neural origin. It also appears to alter NK cell activity. HHV-6; (HBLV) antibodies are elevated in patients with AIDS, Sjogren's syndrome, sarcoidosis, chronic fatigue syndrome, and certain malignancies. HHV-6 is the cause of EXANTHEMA SUBITUM and has been implicated in encephalitis.
Killer Cells, Natural
Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.
Viral Plaque Assay
Method for measuring viral infectivity and multiplication in CULTURED CELLS. Clear lysed areas or plaques develop as the VIRAL PARTICLES are released from the infected cells during incubation. With some VIRUSES, the cells are killed by a cytopathic effect; with others, the infected cells are not killed but can be detected by their hemadsorptive ability. Sometimes the plaque cells contain VIRAL ANTIGENS which can be measured by IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE.
Bone Marrow Transplantation
Acyclovir
Viral Load
Viral Envelope Proteins
Layers of protein which surround the capsid in animal viruses with tubular nucleocapsids. The envelope consists of an inner layer of lipids and virus specified proteins also called membrane or matrix proteins. The outer layer consists of one or more types of morphological subunits called peplomers which project from the viral envelope; this layer always consists of glycoproteins.
Immunosuppression
Deliberate prevention or diminution of the host's immune response. It may be nonspecific as in the administration of immunosuppressive agents (drugs or radiation) or by lymphocyte depletion or may be specific as in desensitization or the simultaneous administration of antigen and immunosuppressive drugs.
Infant, Newborn, Diseases
Diseases of newborn infants present at birth (congenital) or developing within the first month of birth. It does not include hereditary diseases not manifesting at birth or within the first 30 days of life nor does it include inborn errors of metabolism. Both HEREDITARY DISEASES and METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS are available as general concepts.
Graft Rejection
Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral
Visible morphologic changes in cells infected with viruses. It includes shutdown of cellular RNA and protein synthesis, cell fusion, release of lysosomal enzymes, changes in cell membrane permeability, diffuse changes in intracellular structures, presence of viral inclusion bodies, and chromosomal aberrations. It excludes malignant transformation, which is CELL TRANSFORMATION, VIRAL. Viral cytopathogenic effects provide a valuable method for identifying and classifying the infecting viruses.
Organophosphonates
Postoperative Complications
Inclusion Bodies, Viral
An area showing altered staining behavior in the nucleus or cytoplasm of a virus-infected cell. Some inclusion bodies represent "virus factories" in which viral nucleic acid or protein is being synthesized; others are merely artifacts of fixation and staining. One example, Negri bodies, are found in the cytoplasm or processes of nerve cells in animals that have died from rabies.
NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily A
Immunity, Cellular
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Liver Transplantation
Virus Latency
The ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant within a cell (latent infection). In eukaryotes, subsequent activation and viral replication is thought to be caused by extracellular stimulation of cellular transcription factors. Latency in bacteriophage is maintained by the expression of virally encoded repressors.
Transplantation
Immunosuppressive Agents
Agents that suppress immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-CELLS or by inhibiting the activation of HELPER CELLS. While immunosuppression has been brought about in the past primarily to prevent rejection of transplanted organs, new applications involving mediation of the effects of INTERLEUKINS and other CYTOKINES are emerging.
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Neonatal Screening
The identification of selected parameters in newborn infants by various tests, examinations, or other procedures. Screening may be performed by clinical or laboratory measures. A screening test is designed to sort out healthy neonates (INFANT, NEWBORN) from those not well, but the screening test is not intended as a diagnostic device, rather instead as epidemiologic.
Lung Transplantation
Virology
Hypoproteinemia
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural
Base Sequence
Lymphotoxin alpha1, beta2 Heterotrimer
A heterotrimer complex consisting of one molecule of LYMPHOTOXIN-ALPHA and two molecules of the LYMPHOTOXIN-BETA. It is anchored to the cell surface via the transmembrane domains of the lymphotoxin-beta component and has specificity for the LYMPHOTOXIN BETA RECEPTOR. The lymphotoxin alpha1, beta2 heterotrimer plays a role in regulating lymphoid ORGANOGENESIS and the differentiation of certain subsets of NATURAL KILLER CELLS.
Organophosphorus Compounds
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.
Roseolovirus Infections
Tissue Donors
Hearing Loss, Central
Hearing loss due to disease of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS (in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM) which originate in the COCHLEAR NUCLEI of the PONS and then ascend bilaterally to the MIDBRAIN, the THALAMUS, and then the AUDITORY CORTEX in the TEMPORAL LOBE. Bilateral lesions of the auditory pathways are usually required to cause central hearing loss. Cortical deafness refers to loss of hearing due to bilateral auditory cortex lesions. Unilateral BRAIN STEM lesions involving the cochlear nuclei may result in unilateral hearing loss.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.
Lymphocyte Activation
Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.
Prospective Studies
Fluorescent Antibody Technique
Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Transfer of HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS from BONE MARROW or BLOOD between individuals within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used as an alternative to BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION in the treatment of a variety of neoplasms.
Transplants
Retrospective Studies
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.
Herpesviridae
T-Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.
Chorionic Villi
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Sensitivity and Specificity
Amniotic Fluid
A clear, yellowish liquid that envelopes the FETUS inside the sac of AMNION. In the first trimester, it is likely a transudate of maternal or fetal plasma. In the second trimester, amniotic fluid derives primarily from fetal lung and kidney. Cells or substances in this fluid can be removed for prenatal diagnostic tests (AMNIOCENTESIS).
Transplantation Immunology
Graft Survival
Risk Factors
Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
Membrane glycoproteins consisting of an alpha subunit and a BETA 2-MICROGLOBULIN beta subunit. In humans, highly polymorphic genes on CHROMOSOME 6 encode the alpha subunits of class I antigens and play an important role in determining the serological specificity of the surface antigen. Class I antigens are found on most nucleated cells and are generally detected by their reactivity with alloantisera. These antigens are recognized during GRAFT REJECTION and restrict cell-mediated lysis of virus-infected cells.
Lung
Interferon-gamma
The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.
Psychomotor Disorders
Leukocytes
Antilymphocyte Serum
Infectious Mononucleosis
Microcephaly
Treatment Outcome
Betaherpesvirinae
Herpes Simplex
A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)
Amino Acid Sequence
Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily C
BALB 3T3 Cells
Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
Immunoglobulin preparations used in intravenous infusion, containing primarily IMMUNOGLOBULIN G. They are used to treat a variety of diseases associated with decreased or abnormal immunoglobulin levels including pediatric AIDS; primary HYPERGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA; SCID; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS infections in transplant recipients, LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC; Kawasaki syndrome, infection in neonates, and IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA.
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Gastrointestinal Diseases
Incidence
Graft vs Host Disease
Liver
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.
Polyradiculoneuropathy
Diseases characterized by injury or dysfunction involving multiple peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process may primarily affect myelin or nerve axons. Two of the more common demyelinating forms are acute inflammatory polyradiculopathy (GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME) and POLYRADICULONEUROPATHY, CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DEMYELINATING. Polyradiculoneuritis refers to inflammation of multiple peripheral nerves and spinal nerve roots.
Retinitis
NIH 3T3 Cells
A continuous cell line of high contact-inhibition established from NIH Swiss mouse embryo cultures. The cells are useful for DNA transfection and transformation studies. (From ATCC [Internet]. Virginia: American Type Culture Collection; c2002 [cited 2002 Sept 26]. Available from http://www.atcc.org/)
Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydia pneumoniae, or cytomegalovirus: population based study of coronary heart disease. (1/3452)
OBJECTIVE: To study possible associations between coronary heart disease and serological evidence of persistent infection with Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydia pneumoniae, or cytomegalovirus. DESIGN: Population based, case-control study, nested within a randomised trial. SETTING: Five general practices in Bedfordshire, UK. INDIVIDUALS: 288 patients with incident or prevalent coronary heart disease and 704 age and sex matched controls. RESULTS: High concentrations of serum IgG antibodies to H pylori were present in 54% of cases v 46% of controls, with corresponding results for C pneumoniae seropositivity (33% v 33%), and cytomegalovirus seropositivity (40% v 31%). After adjustments for age, sex, smoking, indicators of socioeconomic status, and standard risk factors, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for coronary heart disease of seropositivity to these agents were: 1.28 (0.93 to 1.75) for H pylori, 0.95 (0.66 to 1.36) for C pneumoniae, and 1.40 (0.96 to 2. 05) for cytomegalovirus. CONCLUSIONS: There is no good evidence of strong associations between coronary heart disease and serological markers of persistent infection with H pylori, C pneumoniae, or cytomegalovirus. To determine the existence of moderate associations between these agents and disease, however, larger scale studies will be needed that can keep residual confounders to a minimum. (+info)The clinical utility of CMV surveillance cultures and antigenemia following bone marrow transplantation. (2/3452)
At our institution, the cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis protocol for allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients who are CMV-seropositive or receive marrow from a CMV-seropositive donor consists of a surveillance bronchoscopy approximately 35 days posttransplant. Patients with a positive surveillance bronchoscopy for CMV receive pre-emptive ganciclovir. In order to determine the utility of other screening methods for CMV, we prospectively performed weekly CMV antigenemia, and blood, urine and throat cultures from time of engraftment to day 120 post-BMT in 126 consecutive patients. Pre-emptive ganciclovir was given to 11/81 patients (13.6%) because of a positive surveillance bronchoscopy for CMV. Results of CMV blood, urine and throat cultures and the antigenemia assay done prior to or at the time of the surveillance bronchoscopy were analyzed for their ability to predict the bronchoscopy result. The antigenemia test had the highest positive and negative predictive values (72% and 96%, respectively). The ability of these tests to predict CMV disease was evaluated in the 70 patients with a negative surveillance bronchoscopy who did not receive pre-emptive ganciclovir. Of 19 cases of active CMV disease, CMV antigenemia was positive in 15 patients (79%) a mean of 34 days preceding symptoms. Blood cultures were positive in 14/19 patients (74%) a mean of 31 days before onset of disease. CMV antigenemia is useful for predicting the surveillance bronchoscopy result, and also predicts the development of CMV disease in the majority of patients missed by the surveillance bronchoscopy. (+info)Cytomegalovirus associated neonatal pneumonia and Wilson-Mikity syndrome: a causal relationship? (3/3452)
Lung injury caused by intrauterine inflammation has recently been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of Wilson-Mikity syndrome (WMS). This article supports this theory by suggesting a causative role of intrauterine cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection for the development of WMS. A male premature infant, born at 33 weeks of gestational age, developed chronic lung disease compatible with WMS and diagnostic evaluation was positive for CMV infection. High-resolution computed tomography scan and lung histology revealed typical features of WMS in association with signs of interstitial pneumonia. CMV was found in urine, breastmilk, bronchoalveolar lavage material and lung tissue from open lung biopsy. Follow-up after treatment with ganciclovir and steroids showed resolving lung disease at the age of 6, 10 and 16 months, with lung function signs of mild obstruction. Assuming that a chance coexistence of cytomegalovirus pneumonia and Wilson-Mikity syndrome is rather unlikely, it is possible that intrauterine cytomegalovirus infection caused a pattern of lung injury consistent with Wilson-Mikity syndrome. Further cases of Wilson-Mikity syndrome should be investigated as to a possible role of congenital infection. (+info)Qualitative and semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction testing for cytomegalovirus DNA in serum allows prediction of CMV related disease in liver transplant recipients. (4/3452)
AIM: To identify cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in liver transplant recipients by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques and to separate the cases in which CMV related disease will occur, for whom treatment is indicated, from those in whom infection will remain innocuous. METHODS: The combination of qualitative and semiquantitative PCR of serum and urine was assessed to determine whether these assays can identify those at risk of CMV related disease and compared their performance with conventional approaches to diagnosis. RESULTS: Qualitative PCR of serum had superior specificity, sensitivity, and positive and negative predictive values compared with urine DEAFF (detection of early antigen fluorescent foci) and PCR of urine. All episodes of CMV related disease were associated with the presence of CMV DNA by PCR in serum or urine; CMV was detected before clinical onset in 70% and 60% of cases, respectively. The period over which CMV DNA could be detected was not correlated with CMV related disease. Both peak viral load and cumulative viral load estimated using a semiquantitative PCR method on serum samples positive by the qualitative method could be used to distinguish asymptomatic infection from CMV related disease with 100% specificity and sensitivity. In contrast semiquantitative PCR of urine was of little value. CONCLUSIONS: An approach based on PCR testing with a combination of qualitative and subsequently semiquantitative serum samples would improve the diagnosis of CMV infection and aid identification of those patients at risk of CMV related disease, allowing treatment to be targeted specifically. (+info)Effects of human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early proteins in controlling the cell cycle and inhibiting apoptosis: studies with ts13 cells. (5/3452)
The major immediate-early (MIE) gene of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes several MIE proteins (MIEPs) produced as a result of alternative splicing and polyadenylation of the primary transcript. Previously we demonstrated that the HCMV MIEPs expressed from the entire MIE gene could rescue the temperature-sensitive (ts) transcriptional defect in the ts13 cell line. This defect is caused by a ts mutation in TAFII250, the 250-kDa TATA binding protein-associated factor (TAF). These and other data suggested that the MIEPs perform a TAF-like function in complex with the basal transcription factor TFIID. In addition to the transcriptional defect, the ts mutation in ts13 cells results in a defect in cell cycle progression which ultimately leads to apoptosis. Since all of these defects can be rescued by wild-type TAFII250, we asked whether the MIEPs could rescue the cell cycle defect and/or affect the progression to apoptosis. We have found that the MIEPs, expressed from the entire MIE gene, do not rescue the cell cycle block in ts13 cells grown at the nonpermissive temperature. However, despite the maintenance of the cell cycle block, the ts13 cells which express the MIEPs are resistant to apoptosis. MIEP mutants, which have previously been shown to be defective in rescuing the ts transcriptional defect, maintained the ability to inhibit apoptosis. Hence, the MIEP functions which affect transcription appear to be separable from the functions which inhibit apoptosis. We discuss these data in the light of the HCMV life cycle and the possibility that the MIEPs promote cellular transformation by a "hit-and-run" mechanism. (+info)Clinical significance of expression of human cytomegalovirus pp67 late transcript in heart, lung, and bone marrow transplant recipients as determined by nucleic acid sequence-based amplification. (6/3452)
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection was monitored retrospectively by qualitative determination of pp67 mRNA (a late viral transcript) by nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) in a series of 50 transplant recipients, including 26 solid-organ (11 heart and 15 lung) transplant recipients (SOTRs) and 24 bone marrow transplant recipients (BMTRs). NASBA results were compared with those obtained by prospective quantitation of HCMV viremia and antigenemia and retrospective quantitation of DNA in leukocytes (leukoDNAemia). On the whole, 29 patients were NASBA positive, whereas 10 were NASBA negative, and the blood of 11 patients remained HCMV negative. NASBA detected HCMV infection before quantitation of viremia did but after quantitation of leukoDNAemia and antigenemia did. In NASBA-positive blood samples, median levels of viremia, antigenemia, and leukoDNAemia were significantly higher than the relevant levels detected in NASBA-negative HCMV-positive blood samples. By using the quantitation of leukoDNAemia as the "gold standard," the analytical sensitivity (47.3%), as well as the negative predictive value (68. 3%), of NASBA for the diagnosis of HCMV infection intermediate between that of antigenemia quantitation (analytical sensitivity, 72. 3%) and that of viremia quantitation (analytical sensitivity, 28.7%), while the specificity and the positive predictive value were high (90 to 100%). However, with respect to the clinically relevant antigenemia cutoff of >/=100 used in this study for the initiation of preemptive therapy in SOTRs with reactivated HCMV infection, the clinical sensitivity of NASBA reached 100%, with a specificity of 68. 9%. Upon the initiation of antigenemia quantitation-guided treatment, the actual median antigenemia level was 158 (range, 124 to 580) in SOTRs who had reactivated infection and who presented with NASBA positivity 3.5 +/- 2.6 days in advance and 13.5 (range, 1 to 270) in the group that included BMTRs and SOTRs who had primary infection (in whom treatment was initiated upon the first confirmation of detection of HCMV in blood) and who presented with NASBA positivity 2.0 +/- 5.1 days later. Following antiviral treatment, the durations of the presence of antigenemia and pp67 mRNA in blood were found to be similar. In conclusion, monitoring of the expression of HCMV pp67 mRNA appears to be a promising, well-standardized tool for determination of the need for the initiation and termination of preemptive therapy. Its overall clinical impact should be analyzed in future prospective studies. (+info)Multicenter comparison of the digene hybrid capture CMV DNA assay (version 2.0), the pp65 antigenemia assay, and cell culture for detection of cytomegalovirus viremia. (7/3452)
We compared the Digene Hybrid Capture CMV DNA Assay version 2.0, the pp65 antigenemia assay, traditional tube culture, and shell vial culture for the detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia in several patient populations at three centers. Of 561 blood specimens collected from 402 patients, complete clinical and laboratory data were available for 489. Using consensus definitions for true positives and true negatives, the sensitivities of the Hybrid Capture assay, antigenemia, shell vial, and tube culture were 95, 94, 43, and 46%, respectively. The specificities of the Hybrid Capture assay and antigenemia were 95 and 94%, respectively. At all three study sites, the detected level of CMV viremia was significantly higher with the Hybrid Capture assay or antigenemia than with shell vial and tube culture. In a group of 131 healthy nonimmunosuppressed volunteers, the Hybrid Capture assay demonstrated a specificity of over 99%. The Hybrid Capture assay is a standardized assay that is simple to perform and can utilize whole blood specimens that have been stored for up to 48 h. The high sensitivity and specificity of the Hybrid Capture assay along with its simplicity and flexibility make it a clinically useful assay for the detection of CMV viremia in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed patients. Further evaluation to determine its role in predicting CMV disease and for monitoring the therapeutic response to anti-CMV therapy is needed. (+info)Prior cytomegalovirus infection and the risk of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary balloon angioplasty. (8/3452)
BACKGROUND: Restenosis is a common problem after all revascularization procedures in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Reactivated human cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been detected in tissues of restenotic vascular lesions and was hypothesized to be a contributing pathogenic factor. Recent data suggest an association of restenosis after optimal coronary atherectomy with CMV serostatus, and a possible role of antiviral therapy was discussed. We therefore tested the hypothesis that prior CMV infection might be a risk factor for restenosis after conventional coronary balloon angioplasty (PTCA). METHODS AND RESULTS: We analyzed 92 consecutive patients who had been admitted for control angiography after previous PTCA within a mean interval of 6 months. Anti-CMV antibodies were measured as an indicator of prior CMV infection and latency. The coronary angiograms before PTCA, directly after, and 6 months later were analyzed quantitatively. Sixty-five percent of the patients were CMV-positive. Before PTCA, the degree (mean+/-SD) of stenosis was 69+/-10% in CMV-positive and 68+/-8.3% in CMV-negative subjects. PTCA resulted in a residual stenosis of 39% in both groups. After 6 months, the late losses of luminal diameter in the CMV-positive and -negative groups were 11+/-13% and 12+/-15%, respectively (P=0.658). In an ANCOVA with 25 potential risk factors for restenosis, CMV serostatus was not significantly associated with restenosis development. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that prior CMV infection, in contrast to optimal atherectomy, is not associated with chronic restenosis after conventional coronary balloon angioplasty. The results do not support a possible benefit from antiviral therapy. (+info)
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- [email protected]
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Jennifer Slyker, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Global Health - Kenya Research Program
A Study to Evaluate a Therapeutic Vaccine, ASP0113, in Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-Seropositive Recipients Undergoing Allogeneic,...
Cytomegalic inclusion disease | definition of cytomegalic inclusion disease by Medical dictionary
Possible triggering effect of cytomegalovirus infection on systemic lupus erythematosus<...
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection in infants infected with human immunodeficiency virus type<...
Cytomegalovirus-Induced Adrenal Insufficiency in a Renal Transplant Recipient<...
New Insights Into Cytomegalovirus Infection After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant - Hematology & Oncology
Cytomegalovirus review article
Bedside Leukoreduction of Cellular Blood Components in Preventing Cytomegalovirus Transmission in Pediatric Allogeneic...
Serious Cytomegalovirus Disease in the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)Clinical Findings, Diagnosis, and Treatment |...
Kinetics of US28 Gene Expression during Active Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in Lung-Transplant Recipients
Latency-associated degradation of the MRP1 drug transporter during latent human cytomegalovirus infection. | Harvard Catalyst...
Cytomegalovirus infection of the adult nervous system.
Cytomegalovirus Antibodies Igm - Gentaur Prices
Successful use of oral ganciclovir for the treatment of intrauterine cytomegalovirus infection in a renal allograft recipient -...
The effect of chronic cytomegalovirus infection on pneumococcal vaccine responses. - Department of Paediatrics
Human Cytomegalovirus pUL79 Is an Elongation Factor of RNA Polymerase II for Viral Gene Transcription | proLékaře.cz
Valganciclovir for cytomegalovirus prevention in solid organ transplant patients: An evidence-based reassessment of safety and...
Effect of cytomegalovirus reactivation on the time course of systemic host response biomarkers in previously immunocompetent...
A randomised, double-blind trial of valaciclovir prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus disease in patients with advanced human...
The maintenance of CMV-specific T cell memory in lung transplant recipients • Exemestane blocks mesothelioma growth through...
Incidence and Clinical Features of Ganciclovir- Resistant Cytomegalovirus Disease in Heart Transplant Recipients : Clinical...
Cytomegalovirus infection and outcome in immunocompetent patients in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta...
Cytomegalovirus-induced immunopathology and its clinical consequences | Herpesviridae | Full Text
Rhesus brain microvascular endothelial cells are permissive for rhesus cytomegalovirus infection | Microbiology Society
Ganciclovir - Wikipedia
Cytomegalovirus prophylaxis with antiviral agents for solid organ transplantation | Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines
Developing a prophylactic vaccine for human cytomegalovirus - QIMR Berghofer
Cytomegalovirus Immune Globulin Prophylaxis in Liver TransplantationA Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial |...
Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Promotes Rapid Maturation of NK Cells Expressing Activating Killer Ig-like Receptor in Patients...
Cytomegalovirus-associated splenic infarcts in an adult immune-competent man: a case report and review of the literature.
Cmv Colitis Related Keywords & Suggestions - Cmv Colitis Long Tail Keywords
Cytomegaloviral colitis in HIV positive patients: endoscopic findings
Evidence for a Role of the Cellular ND10 Protein PML in Mediating Intrinsic Immunity against Human Cytomegalovirus Infections |...
P2Y2 purinergic receptor modulates virus yield, calcium homeostasis, and cell motility in human cytomegalovirus-infected cells....
Aging and cytomegalovirus infection differentially and jointly affect distinct circulating T cell subsets in humans<...
Distinct organ-dependent mechanisms for the control of murine cytomegalovirus infection by natural killer cells. | Journal of...
cytomegalovirus p150 recombinant cytomegalovirus p150 Gentaur Molecular Products
Table 1 | Clinical Factors Influencing Phenotype of HCMV-Specific CD8+ T Cells and HCMV-Induced Interferon-Gamma Production...
Evaluation of an electronic, patient-focused management system aimed at preventing cytomegalovirus disease following solid...
Maribavir Markedly Reduced Cytomegalovirus Infection | EmaxHealth
PRIME PubMed | Lack of prompt expansion of cytomegalovirus pp65 and IE-1-specific IFNgamma CD8+ and CD4+ T cells is associated...
C) 2008 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved Background: A | CARS signal
Eligibility NCT00372229 Cytomegalovirus Infections - Portal of Medical Data Models (MDM-Portal)
Detection of Mouse Cytomegalovirus in Adenocarcinoma Bearing Razi/A Mice: Molecular and Pathological Studies
Reduction of the survival time of pig xenotransplants by porcine cytomegalovirus | Virology Journal | Full Text
Epigenetics of human herpesvirus latency
"Cytomegalovirus Infections: MedlinePlus". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2015-05-13. Kaslow, Richard A.; Stanberry, Lawrence R.; ... The lytic phase of infection occurs within mucoepithelial cells while the latent infection of these cells occurs in neurons. ... In this phase the host will show little to no signs of virus infection. This state can be maintained for very long periods of ... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a member of the betaherpesvirinae subfamily. CMV is responsible for a range of diseases, but mainly ...
List of infectious diseases
Cytomegalovirus infection Cytomegalovirus Dengue fever Dengue viruses (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 and DEN-4) - Flaviviruses ... Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection One of the Human papillomaviruses Human parainfluenza virus infection Human parainfluenza ... Infections associated with diseases. References[edit]. *^ Walsh TJ, Dixon DM (1996). Baron S, et al., eds. Spectrum of Mycoses ... Acinetobacter infections Acinetobacter baumannii Actinomycosis Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces gerencseriae and ...
Hearing loss
Certain infections during pregnancy, such as cytomegalovirus, syphilis and rubella, may also cause hearing loss in the child.[2 ... Recurring ear infections or concomitant secondary infections (such as bacterial infection subsequent to viral infection) can ... "Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: Audiologic Outcome". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 57 (suppl_4): S182-S184. doi:10.1093/ ... congenital infection with cytomegalovirus is responsible for deafness in newborn children and also progressive sensorineural ...
Lissencephaly
Joseph LD, Kuruvilla S (2008). "Cytomegalovirus infection with lissencephaly". Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology. 51 ( ... It is early infection that leads to lissencephaly. This is because early infection disrupts the migration and development of ... Joseph LD, Pushpalatha, Kuruvilla S (2008). "Cytomegalovirus infection with lissencephaly". Indian Journal of Pathology & ... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a herpes related virus that can cause congenital defects. CMV has a high affinity for the developing ...
Hearing loss
Certain infections during pregnancy, such as cytomegalovirus, syphilis and rubella, may also cause hearing loss in the child. ... Fowler KB (December 2013). "Congenital cytomegalovirus infection: audiologic outcome". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 57 Suppl 4 ... In case of infection or inflammation, blood or other body fluids may be submitted for laboratory analysis. MRI and CT scans can ... Over 30% of childhood hearing loss is caused by diseases such as measles, mumps, rubella, meningitis and ear infections. These ...
Hoffmann-La Roche
Valcyte (valganciclovir), for cytomegalovirus infection. Valium (diazepam), for anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal, status ... Cymevene (ganciclovir), for cytomegalovirus infection. Dalmane/Dalmadorm (flurazepam), for insomnia. Dilatrend (carvedilol), ... Viracept (nelfinavir), for HIV-1 infection, licensed by Pfizer and ViiV Healthcare. Xeloda (capecitabine), for breast and ... Fuzeon (enfuvirtide), for salvage therapy of HIV-1 infection. Gazyva (obinutuzumab), for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Hemlibra ...
Blood compatibility testing
2016). "AABB Committee Report: reducing transfusion-transmitted cytomegalovirus infections". Transfusion. 56 (6pt2): 1581-1587 ... and immunocompromised people are at risk for developing severe infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV)―an opportunistic pathogen ... for which approximately 50% of blood donors test positive―and may be transfused with CMV-negative blood to prevent infection.: ...
TORCH syndrome
... is a cluster of symptoms caused by congenital infection with toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes ... medication is an option for herpes and cytomegalovirus infections. Developing countries are more severely affected by TORCH ... The specific infection may cause additional symptoms. TORCH syndrome may develop before birth, causing stillbirth, in the ... TORCH syndrome is caused by in utero infection with one of the TORCH agents, disrupting fetal development. Presence of IgM is ...
Eruptive pseudoangiomatosis
"Eruptive pseudoangiomatosis associated to cytomegalovirus infection". Eur J Dermatol. 17 (5): 455-6. doi:10.1684/ejd.2007.0257 ... and cytomegalovirus. Boston exanthem disease Skin lesion James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' ...
Intravitreal injection
"Cytomegalovirus Adult and Adolescent Opportunistic Infection". AIDSinfo. Retrieved 2020-04-25. "Vascular Endothelial Growth ... Sometimes, combinations of different antibiotics may be needed to treat polymicrobial infections (infections that are caused by ... Some of the above complications could also lead to blindness, or even loss of the eye (in the case of a severe infection). ... This type of drug targets on bacterial infection. The first use of intravitreal antibiotics was dated back to experiments in ...
HLA-A11
Iannetti P, Morellini M, Raucci U, Cappellacci S (1988). "HLA antigens, epilepsy and cytomegalovirus infection". Brain Dev. 10 ... and cytomegalovirus infection with epilepsy. These and other studies suggest an involvement between A11 and secondary effects ... A*1104 is associated with increased risk for cervical neoplasia resulting from human papillomavirus infection A11-B13 A11-Cw2- ... studies have shown a complex involvement of Epstein-Barr virus infection as a consequence of low A11 control over infection. ...
Regavirumab
... is a human monoclonal antibody against infections with cytomegalovirus. Arizono H, Sugano T, Kaida S, Shibusawa K, ... July 1994). "Pharmacokinetics of a new human monoclonal antibody against cytomegalovirus. Third communication: correspondence ...
Microlissencephaly
Congenital infections like cytomegalovirus are also known to cause microlissencephaly. Both microlissencephaly and microcephaly ...
Memory T cell inflation
Kim, Jihye; Kim, A-Reum; Shin, Eui-Cheol (August 2015). "Cytomegalovirus Infection and Memory T Cell Inflation". Immune Network ... Shin, Eui-Cheol; Kim, A.-Reum; Kim, Jihye (2015-08-01). "Cytomegalovirus Infection and Memory T Cell Inflation". Immune Network ... Rao, Sudha; Tu, Wenjuan (2016). "Mechanisms Underlying T Cell Immunosenescence: Aging and Cytomegalovirus Infection". Frontiers ... Especially in the elderly, long-term CMV infection leads to a rapid increase the number of CMV-specific T cells. The number of ...
Audiology and hearing health professionals in developed and developing countries
In-utero infections such as rubella, cytomegalovirus, syphilis, toxoplasmosis and herpes. Craniofacial anomalies. Birth weight ... screening for and treating syphilis and other infections in pregnant women; improving antenatal and perinatal care, including ...
Bruce Beutler
"Genetic dissection of innate immunity to infection: The mouse cytomegalovirus model". Current Opinion in Immunology. 17 (1): 36 ... Beutler thus discovered the key sensors of microbial infection in mammals, demonstrating that one of the mammalian Toll-like ... By screening mutant mice for susceptibility to mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV), they identified a large number of genes that make ... including shock and systemic inflammation as it occurs in the course of an infection. They are central to the pathogenesis of ...
Blood transfusion
Other rare transmissible infections include hepatitis B, syphilis, Chagas disease, cytomegalovirus infections (in ... Ziemann, Malte; Hennig, Holger (2014-02-01). "Prevention of Transfusion-Transmitted Cytomegalovirus Infections: Which is the ... This can result in a life-threatening infection known as transfusion-transmitted bacterial infection. The risk of severe ... cytomegalovirus infection, and platelet-transfusion refractoriness. Pathogen Reduction treatment that involves, for example, ...
Endotheliitis
"Corneal Endotheliitis Associated with Evidence of Cytomegalovirus Infection". Ophthalmology. 114 (4): 798-803. doi:10.1016/j. ... The condition can be caused by a number of factors, such as mumps and cytomegalovirus under certain circumstances. "Herpes ...
Alanine aminopeptidase
... mediates human cytomegalovirus infection". Journal of Virology. 67 (11): 6576-85. doi:10.1128/JVI.67.11.6576-6585.1993. PMC ...
Intraventricular hemorrhage
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection can be an important cause. Diagnosis can be confirmed by the presence of blood inside the ...
Ribonuclease P
August 2002). "RNase P ribozymes for the studies and treatment of human cytomegalovirus infections". Journal of Clinical ... RNase P is now being studied as a potential therapy for diseases such as herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, influenza and ... other respiratory infections, HIV-1 and cancer caused by fusion gene BCR-ABL. External guide sequences (EGSs) are formed with ...
Geum japonicum
For the prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus infection in AIDS patients. Int Conf AIDS. 1996 Jul 7-12; 11: 65. Retrieved August 8, ...
Retrospective diagnosis
Ikeda S, Tsuru A, Moriuchi M, Moriuchi H (May 2006). "Retrospective diagnosis of congenital cytomegalovirus infection using ... example is where analysis of preserved umbilical cord tissue enables the diagnosis of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in a ...
Lipschütz ulcer
... cytomegalovirus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Epstein-Barr virus infection The most common presentation is a single large, deep ... "Lipschütz acute vulval ulcers associated with primary cytomegalovirus infection". Pediatr Dermatol. 25 (1): 113-5. doi:10.1111/ ... He initially ascribed the ulcer to infection with "Bacillus crassus" (Lactobacillus acidophilus). Vulvovaginal health Lipschütz ...
Natural killer cell
Such expansions were observed primarily in response to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)[15], but also in other infections including ... However, whether these virus infections trigger the expansion of adaptive NKG2C+ NK cells or whether other infections result in ... "Imprint of human cytomegalovirus infection on the NK cell receptor repertoire". Blood. 104 (12): 3664-71. doi:10.1182/blood- ... As these are stress molecules released by cells upon viral infection, they serve to signal to the NK cell the presence of viral ...
Seminaphtharhodafluor
"Latency-Associated Degradation of the MRP1 Drug Transporter During Latent Human Cytomegalovirus Infection". Science. 340 (6129 ...
Rubella
Toxoplasmosis, Other (syphilis, varicella-zoster, parvovirus B19), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes infections". Curr ... Increased susceptibility to infection might be inherited as there is some indication that HLA-A1 or factors surrounding A1 on ... Infection during early pregnancy may result in a miscarriage or a child born with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Symptoms ... Rubella infection of children and adults is usually mild, self-limiting and often asymptomatic. The prognosis in children born ...
Infant formula
Cytomegalovirus infection poses potentially dangerous consequences for pre-term babies. Other risks include mother's infection ... "Acquisition of human cytomegalovirus infection in infants via breast milk: natural immunization or cause for concern?". Rev. ... Bacterial infections associated with formula remained a problem more prevalent in the United States than in Europe, where milk ... Although C. sakazakii can cause illness in all age groups, infants are believed to be at greatest risk of infection. Between ...
T细胞 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书
Mucosal associated invariant T cells and the immune response to infection. Microbes and Infection. August 2011, 13 (8-9): 742-8 ... Cytomegalovirus-Induced Expression of CD244 after Liver Transplantation Is Associated with CD8+ T Cell Hyporesponsiveness to ... Infection and Immunity. 2007-05, 75 (5): 2171-2180. ISSN 0019-9567. PMC 1865739. PMID 17353286. doi:10.1128/IAI.01178-06.. ... Infection : microbiology and management 3rd ed. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Pub. 2006: 435. ISBN 978-1-4443-2393-1. OCLC 592756309 ...
Neonatal conjunctivitis
... , also known as ophthalmia neonatorum, is a form of conjunctivitis and a type of neonatal infection ... Topical therapy is not effective and also does not treat the infection of the nasopharynx.[7][8][9] ... Single injection of ceftriaxone IM or IV should be given to infants born to mothers with untreated gonococcal infection. ... In contrast, conjunctivitis secondary to infection with chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis) produces conjunctivitis after day ...
Immunosenescence
... breakthrough infections and autoimmunity. A problem of infections in the elderly is that they frequently present with non- ... CD8 T cells reveal a repertoire shrinkage predicting mortality and an increased number of dysfunctional cytomegalovirus- ... It involves both the host's capacity to respond to infections and the development of long-term immune memory, especially by ... Microbes and Infection. 3 (10): 851-857. doi:10.1016/S1286-4579(01)01443-5. PMID 11580980. Franceschi, C.; S. Valensin; F. ...
রাতকানা - উইকিপিডিয়া
Cytomegalovirus retinitis. *Retinal detachment. *Retinoschisis. *Ocular ischemic syndrome / Central retinal vein occlusion ...
JC virus
Cytomegalovirus *Cytomegalovirus esophagitis. Gastroenteritis/. diarrhea. DNA virus. Adenovirus Adenovirus infection. RNA virus ... Infection and pathogenesis[edit]. The initial site of infection may be the tonsils,[4] or possibly the gastrointestinal tract.[ ... JCV also appears to mediate encephalopathy, due to infection of cortical pyramidal neurons (CPN) and astrocytes.[14] Analysis ... Although JC virus infection is classically associated with white matter demyelination and PML pathogenesis, recent literature ...
Artificial induction of immunity
Immunity against infections that can cause serious illness is generally beneficial. Since Pasteur provided support for a germ ... Tetanus toxin is so lethal that humans cannot develop immunity to a natural infection, as the amount of toxin and time required ... Temporary immunity to a specific infection can be induced in a subject by providing the subject with externally produced immune ... which is the controlled infection of a subject with a less lethal natural form of smallpox (known as Variola Minor) to make him ...
Index of HIV/AIDS-related articles
... acute HIV infection - Acute HIV Infection and Early Diseases Research Program (AIEDRP) - ADAP - ADC - adenopathy - adherence - ... cytomegalovirus (CMV) - Cytomegalovirus retinitis - cytopenia - cytotoxic - cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) ... ocular - off-label use - oncology - open-label trial - opportunistic infections - oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) - organelle - ... breakthrough infection - Broadway Cares/Equity Fights AIDS - bronchoscopy - budding - buffalo hump - bugchasing and giftgiving ...
Hepatit - Vikipedi
Herpesvirus: Cytomegalovirus,[17] Epstein Barr virus,[18] Varicella zoster virus, Human herpesvirus 6, Human herpesvirus 7 ve ... infections transmitted through blood transfusion". Wiad Parazytol. 57 (2), s. 77-81. PMID 21682090.. KB1 bakım: Birden fazla ad ... Review of the literature". Infection. 35 (4), s. 212-8. doi:10.1007/s15010-007-6006-2. PMID 17646920.. KB1 bakım: Birden fazla ... Naides SJ (May 1998). "Rheumatic manifestations of parvovirus B19 infection". Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. 24 (2), s. 375-401. ...
Corneal dystrophy
Cytomegalovirus retinitis. *Retinal detachment. *Retinoschisis. *Ocular ischemic syndrome / Central retinal vein occlusion ...
Epidemiology of herpes simplex
Syria- Genital herpes infection from HSV-2 is predicted to be low in Syria although HSV-1 levels are high. HSV-1 infections is ... Abuharfeil N, Meqdam MM (2000). "Seroepidemiologic study of herpes simplex virus type 2 and cytomegalovirus among young adults ... In many infections, the first symptom a person will have of their own infection is the horizontal transmission to a sexual ... and HSV-1 genital infection. Primary genital infection brings with it the risk of vertical transmission to the neonate, and is ...
Kayser-Fleischer ring
Cytomegalovirus retinitis. *Retinal detachment. *Retinoschisis. *Ocular ischemic syndrome / Central retinal vein occlusion ...
Conjunctivitis
The most common infectious causes are viral followed by bacterial.[2] The viral infection may occur along with other symptoms ... Viral conjunctivitis is often associated with an infection of the upper respiratory tract, a common cold, or a sore throat. Its ... The infection usually begins in one eye, but may spread easily to the other eye. ... Viral conjunctivitis manifests as a fine, diffuse pinkness of the conjunctiva, which is easily mistaken for a ciliary infection ...
Respiratory syncytial virus vaccine
A respiratory syncytial virus vaccine (RSV vaccine) is a vaccine which prevents infection by respiratory syncytial virus. No ... The desired vaccine would prevent lower respiratory infection from RSV in at-risk populations and if possible be useful in ...
Pericardium
Pericarditis is often caused by a viral infection (glandular fever, cytomegalovirus, or coxsackievirus), or more rarely with a ... Protects it from infections coming from other organs (such as lungs). *Prevents excessive dilation of the heart in cases of ... The pericardium fixes the heart to the mediastinum, gives protection against infection and provides the lubrication for the ... bacterial infection, but may also occur following a myocardial infarction. Pericarditis is usually a short-lived condition that ...
Immunologic adjuvant
... they may induce the release of inflammatory cytokines which helps to not only recruit B and T cells at sites of infection but ... mast cells release heparin and histamine to effectively increase trafficking to and seal off the site of infection to allow ... either in the form of adjuvant used in vaccinations or in the form of invasive moieties during times of natural infection - TLR ... and macrophages by mimicking a natural infection.[5][6] ... Cytomegalovirus. *Dengue. *Ebola. *Epstein-Barr virus. * ...
Rotavirus vaccine
... is a vaccine used to protect against rotavirus infections, which are the leading cause of severe diarrhea ... The incidence and severity of rotavirus infections has declined significantly in countries that have acted on the ... vaccines may also prevent illness in non-vaccinated children by limiting exposure through the number of circulating infections. ...
එන්නත් - විකිපීඩියා
Artificial induction of immunity / Immunization: Vaccines, Vaccination, Infection, Inoculation (J07). Development. *Adjuvants ...
Hantavirus vaccine
... is a vaccine that protects in humans against hantavirus infections causing Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with ... The vaccine is considered important as acute hantavirus infections are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality ...
Bietti's crystalline dystrophy
Cytomegalovirus retinitis. *Retinal detachment. *Retinoschisis. *Ocular ischemic syndrome / Central retinal vein occlusion ...
Primary central nervous system lymphoma
Cytomegalovirus *Cytomegalovirus esophagitis. Gastroenteritis/. diarrhea. DNA virus. Adenovirus Adenovirus infection. RNA virus ... Untreated, median survival is only 2.5 months, sometimes due to concurrent opportunistic infections rather than the lymphoma ... infection (, 90%) in immunodeficient patients (such as those with AIDS and those immunosuppressed),[2] and does not have a ... of all cases of lymphomas in HIV infections (other types are Burkitt's lymphomas and immunoblastic lymphomas). Primary CNS ...
Լայմի հիվանդություն - Վիքիպեդիա՝ ազատ հանրագիտարան
Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus infections cause false-positive results in IgM two-test protocol for early Lyme ... Lyme borreliosis: from infection to autoimmunity»։ Clinical Microbiology and Infection 10 (7): 598-614։ July 2004։ PMID ... 49,0 49,1 «Biology of infection with Borrelia burgdorferi»։ Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 22 (2): 217-34, v։ June ... 140,0 140,1 «The Lyme vaccine: a cautionary tale»։ Epidemiology and Infection 135 (1): 1-8։ January 2007։ PMC 2870557։ PMID ...
Jaundice
High conjugated bilirubin may be due to liver diseases such as cirrhosis or hepatitis, infections, medications, or blockage of ... induced cholestatic hepatitis or Cytomegalovirus. Both of these conditions can also have ALT and AST greater than 20× normal. ... it is more often infections such as viral hepatitis, leptospirosis, schistosomiasis, or malaria. Blockage of the bile duct may ...
List of neurological conditions and disorders
Cytomegalovirus Infection. DEdit. *Dandy-Walker syndrome. *Dawson disease. *De Morsier's syndrome ...
Keratoconjunctivitis
"Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis" is caused by an adenovirus infection.. *"Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis" (IBK) is a ... Cytomegalovirus retinitis. *Retinal detachment. *Retinoschisis. *Ocular ischemic syndrome / Central retinal vein occlusion ...
TLR2
Lorenz E (2007). "TLR2 and TLR4 expression during bacterial infections". Current Pharmaceutical Design. 12 (32): 4185-93. doi: ... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Hemagglutinin. Measles InteractionsEdit. Protein-protein interactionsEdit. TLR 2 has been shown to ... These newly formed antibodies would arrive too late in an acute infection, however, so what we think of as "immunology" ... Borrello S, Nicolò C, Delogu G, Pandolfi F, Ria F (2011). "TLR2: a crossroads between infections and autoimmunity?". ...
කොවිඩ්-19 - විකිපීඩියා
Cytomegalovirus *Cytomegalovirus esophagitis. Gastroenteritis/. diarrhea. DNA virus. Adenovirus Adenovirus infection. RNA virus ...
Color blindness
Cytomegalovirus retinitis. *Retinal detachment. *Retinoschisis. *Ocular ischemic syndrome / Central retinal vein occlusion ...
Madarosis
Infections: There are many bodily infections that can cause the loss of eyelashes/eyebrows. The most common infection may be ... Infections like syphilis by causing a moth-eaten appearance of the eyebrow hair loss. Viral infections like herpes or HIV can ... Syphilis or other viral infections like herpes or HIV can cause the loss of eye hair as well. Fungal infections, like ... Various fungal infections like paracoccidioidomycosis can cause lesions and changes in the hair locations of the eyelid. ...
Birth defect
Infections[edit]. Main article: Vertically transmitted infection. A vertically transmitted infection is an infection caused by ... Mother exposure to cytomegalovirus can cause microcephaly, cerebral calcifications, blindness, chorioretinitis (which can cause ... However, because infections of rubella may remain undetected, misdiagnosed, or unrecognized in the mother, and/or some ... Another 10-13% of anomalies have a purely environmental cause (e.g. infections, illness, or drug abuse in the mother). Only 12- ...
Aphthous stomatitis
Fasten healing (prevent secondary infection). Doxycycline,[6] tetracycline,[6] minocycline,[21] chlorhexidine gluconate,[14] ... and cytomegalovirus.[5] Some people with aphthous stomatitis may show herpes virus within the epithelium of the mucosa, but ... Opportunistic infections commonly occur and aphthous-like ulceration is worst during this time.[14] ... Aphthous stomatitis was once thought to be a form of recurrent herpes simplex virus infection, and some clinicians still refer ...
Cytomegalovirus Infections: MedlinePlus
Learn about who is at risk and how to prevent infection. ... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a virus found worldwide. Most people ... Acute cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish * CMV - gastroenteritis/colitis (Medical ... Neurological Consequences of Cytomegalovirus Infection (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) ... About CMV (Cytomegalovirus) (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) * Cytomegalovirus (American Academy of Family ...
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Congenital CMV Infection | CDC
When a baby is born with CMV infection, it is called congenital CMV. ... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common virus that infects people of all ages. ... When a baby is born with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, it is called congenital CMV. About one out of every 200 babies is ... Cytomegalovirus (pronounced sy-toe-MEG-a-low-vy-rus), or CMV, is a common virus that infects people of all ages. Over half of ...
About Cytomegalovirus and Congenital CMV Infection | CDC
... and diagnosis and treatment for cytomegalovirus (CMV), a common virus for people of all ages. ... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common virus for people of all ages; however, a healthy persons immune system usually keeps the ... Blood tests can be used to diagnose CMV infection in adults who have symptoms. However, blood is not the best fluid to test ... The most common long-term health problem in babies born with congenital CMV infection is hearing loss, which may be detected ...
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
... infection is a disease caused by a type of herpes virus. ... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a disease caused by a type ... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and congenital CMV infection: clinical overview. www.cdc.gov/cmv/clinical/overview.html. Updated August ... CMV can cause infections in different parts of the body. Symptoms vary depending on the area that is affected. Examples of body ... CMV infection can be contagious if the infected person comes in close or intimate contact with another person. You should avoid ...
Cytomegalovirus Infection in an Immunocompetent Patient
... this case demonstrates the potential for serious infection in otherwise healthy, immunocompetent patients. ... CMV infection is normally symptomatic only in immunocompromised patients; however, ... Cite this: Relevant Pericardial Effusion Caused by Cytomegalovirus Infection in An Immunocompetent Patient - Medscape - Jan 19 ... Journal Article Relevant Pericardial Effusion Caused by Cytomegalovirus Infection in An Immunocompetent Patient ...
Congenital cytomegalovirus infections
... infection is one of the most common viral causes of congenital infections in high resource countries and a leading cause of ... Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most common viral causes of congenital infections in high resource ... Congenital cytomegalovirus infections Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2007 Jun;12(3):154-9. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2007.01.012. Epub ... This is the case in children both with and without symptoms of infection at birth. Until vaccines and non-toxic antiviral ...
Vaccine prevention of maternal cytomegalovirus infection. - PubMed - NCBI
Vaccine prevention of maternal cytomegalovirus infection.. Pass RF1, Zhang C, Evans A, Simpson T, Andrews W, Huang ML, Corey L ... Congenital infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an important cause of hearing, cognitive, and motor impairments in newborns. ... One congenital infection among infants of the subjects occurred in the vaccine group, and three infections occurred in the ... After a minimum of 1 year of follow-up, there were 49 confirmed infections, 18 in the vaccine group and 31 in the placebo group ...
Lymphocytotoxic antibodies in spontaneous cytomegalovirus infection. | The BMJ
Cytomegalovirus Infections Clinical Research Trials | CenterWatch
Cytomegalovirus Infections Clinical Research Trial Listings in Immunology Pediatrics/Neonatology Family Medicine Infections and ... Cytomegalovirus Infections Clinical Trials. A listing of Cytomegalovirus Infections medical research trials actively recruiting ... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most frequent opportunistic viral infection after kidney transplantation. Therefore most ... Third-Party Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes (CTLs) for Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection The CTLs: CTLs are made at MD Anderson from ...
Pediatric Cytomegalovirus Infection: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is 1 of 8 human herpesviruses. It is a member of the beta-herpesvirus subfamily, which also ... Immunity induced by primary human cytomegalovirus infection protects against secondary infection among women of childbearing ... Epidemiology patterns of congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Approximately 10% of cases of congenital cytomegalovirus occur ... Pediatric Cytomegalovirus Infection. Updated: Apr 06, 2018 * Author: Mark R Schleiss, MD; Chief Editor: Russell W Steele, MD ...
Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection | SpringerLink
Cytomegalovirus Infection
Infection with CMV is typically subtle, silent, and underreported. Yet it is the most frequently occurring of all known ... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous virus that can have a devastating effect on the fetus. It belongs to the herpes group of ... maternal infections that can affect the fetus, such as rubella and toxoplasmosis, and is the one ... The virus infection recurs; one infection does not confer lifelong immunity. The virus is latent; its effects may not appear ...
Strongyloides Hyperinfection Syndrome Combined with Cytomegalovirus Infection
Antiviral Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Infection: Ingenta Connect
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an opportunistic pathogen associated with significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised ... The potential use of these drugs is being explored for the treatment of congenital CMV infection, another CMV-associated ... The availability of antiviral therapy has provided major advances in the treatment and prevention of CMV infection and has ... Keywords: CMV phosphotransferase); Cytomegalovirus; Multiple genetic variants; cancer chemotherapy; cidofovir; clinically ...
Cytomegalovirus | Pediatric Opportunistic Infection | AIDSinfo
Cytomegalovirus infection in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Pediatr Infect Dis J. Apr 1997;16(4):358-363 ... Symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection in infants born to mothers with preexisting immunity to cytomegalovirus. ... Cytomegalovirus and child day care. Evidence for an increased infection rate among day-care workers. N Engl J Med. Nov 9 1989; ... Infection with human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is common and usually not apparent; CMV can be acquired in utero, or during infancy ...
Cytomegalovirus infection broadens spectrum of environmental allergens | EurekAlert! Science News
... infection can convert a harmless, inhaled protein antigen into an allergen, according to a study published March 7 in the open- ... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can convert a harmless, inhaled protein antigen into an allergen, according to a study ... CMV infection of the fetus causes birth defects, and in immunocompromised patients, CMV infection of the lung can result in ... Ovalbumin exposure or CMV infection alone failed to sensitize for allergic airway disease. By contrast, airway infection with ...
Pediatric Cytomegalovirus Infection Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is 1 of 8 human herpesviruses. It is a member of the beta-herpesvirus subfamily, which also ... encoded search term (Pediatric Cytomegalovirus Infection) and Pediatric Cytomegalovirus Infection What to Read Next on Medscape ... Acquired CMV infection. In contrast to congenital infection, acquired CMV infection occurs postnatally. Primary infection in ... Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. The risk of intrauterine transmission is highest when primary infection occurs ...
Maribavir Markedly Reduced Cytomegalovirus Infection | EmaxHealth
CMV infection is also associated with indirect effects in transplant recipients, including adverse immunologic effects (graft ... In a 111 subject study, maribavir significantly reduced the rate of CMV infection requiring treatment across all dose ranges ( ... reduced the rate of cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation and was well tolerated when compared to placebo in allogeneic stem cell ... transplant patients will show evidence of CMV infection in the first 100 days post transplant and despite treatment with ...
Latent infection and the elusive cytomegalovirus
However, the sites of cytomegalovirus (CMV) latency have been difficult to define experimentally … ... Herpesviruses characteristically establish latent infections in their hosts. In some instances, the tissue sites or even the ... Latent infection and the elusive cytomegalovirus Rev Infect Dis. Mar-Apr 1983;5(2):205-15. doi: 10.1093/clinids/5.2.205. ... Whether latent CMV infection in these tissues is maintained in a single ubiquitous cell type (e.g., lymphocytes or macrophages ...
Brief | Cytomegalovirus | Pediatric Opportunistic Infection | AIDSinfo
Panels Recommendations for Cytomegalovirus. Panels Recommendations. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody testing is recommended at ... Panels Recommendations for Cytomegalovirus. Panels Recommendations. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody testing is recommended at ... Cytomegalovirus (Brief). The information in the brief version is excerpted directly from the full-text guidelines. The brief ... Foscarnet is an alternative drug for treating CMV disease or for use in ganciclovir-resistant CMV infections in HIV-infected ...
KEGG DISEASE: Cytomegalovirus infection
Viral infections. Infections caused by dsDNA viruses. H00368 Cytomegalovirus infection. Human diseases in ICD-11 classification ... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family acquired by late childhood in the majority of ... Primary infection is nonspecific but after that the virus becomes latent in multiple organs and can later be reactivated. CMV ...
Enhancing treatment of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection | University of Surrey
... have developed a model that will provide vital insight into how best to help patients with Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, ... as it will improve the health and quality of life of patients with CMV infection. Its vital to understand how the virus ... making it possible to predict the likely duration of therapy needed for a patient with CMV infection to clear the virus. ...
New Medical Therapies Trial Results in Cytomegalovirus Infections | CenterWatch
Cytomegalovirus Infections. December 11, 2017 Merck & Co. released pivotal phase III study results of PREVYMIS (letermovir) for ... for the prevention of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. In the 230-subject, ... prophylaxis (prevention) of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease in adult CMV-seropositive recipients [R+] of an ... They were to undergo testing for CMV infection at least once a week. The primary efficacy endpoint was the incidence of CMV ...
Cytomegalovirus infection as a cause of ileoanal pouchitis | SpringerLink
Cytomegalovirus infection as a cause of ileoanal pouchitis. *Patrick R. Pfau M.D.1. & ... Pfau, P.R., Lichtenstein, G.R. Cytomegalovirus infection as a cause of ileoanal pouchitis. Dis Colon Rectum 43, 113-114 (2000 ... Misdiagnosis of specific cytomegalovirus infection of the ileoanal pouch as refractory idiopathic chronic pouchitis. Dis Colon ... Pouchitis associated with primary cytomegalovirus infection. Am J Gastroenterol 1998;93:264-6. ...
Infection by cytomegalovirus in p... preview & related info | Mendeley
BACKGROUND: Neonatal cholestasis syndrome with an intra or extrahepatic origin has been associated to viral infections. The ... participation of the cytomegalovirus in the etiopathogenesis of neonatal ... ... AIMS: To assess the prevalence of infection by cytomegalovirus in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis and extrahepatic ... serologic result for cytomegalovirus, history of maternal infection, prematurity, fetal distress, birth weight, ponderal gain, ...
Cytomegalovirus Infection May Contribute to Metabolic Syndrome
... which then leads to the acute infection of various cell types. After this acute infection, in which the virus spreads, it ... What is cytomegalovirus? CMV is part of the β-subfamily of herpes viruses, a family of viruses that are believed to have been ... we want to highlight a new publication that looks at cytomegalovirus (CMV) and its potential role in the development of ... Cytomegalovirus Infection May Contribute to Metabolic Syndrome Posted by Steve Hill in category: biotech/medical. ...
Cytomegalovirus Infections | GreenMedInfo | Disease | Natural
Diseases : Cytomegalovirus Infections, HIV Infections, HSV-1, HSV-2, Malaria, Staphylococcus aureus infection, Steptococcus ... Diseases : Cytomegalovirus Infections, Parainfluenza Virus Infections, Paramyxoviridae Infections. Pharmacological Actions : ... Diseases : Cytomegalovirus Infections, HIV Infections, HSV-1, Influenza A, Measles, Mumps. Pharmacological Actions : Antiviral ... Diseases : Cytomegalovirus Infections, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections, Hepatitis B , Hepatitis C, Herpes family viruses, HSV-1 ...
Manifestations of Cytomegalovirus Infection | IntechOpen
Manifestations of Cytomegalovirus Infection. Edited by: Patricia Price, Nandini Makwana and Samantha Brunt. ISBN 978-953-51- ... Manifestations of Cytomegalovirus Infection. Edited by Patricia Price. Uganda Wildlife Authority, Uganda ... 2. Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Infection in Sub-Saharan Africa. By Matthew Bates, Kunda Musonda and Alimuddin Zumla ... 4. Cytomegalovirus Infection in Liver Transplantation. By Ana Maria Sampaio, Ana Carolina Guardia, Arlete Milan, Elaine ...
B-cell activation following murine cytomegalovirus infection: implications for autoimmunity. - PubMed - NCBI
B-cell activation following murine cytomegalovirus infection: implications for autoimmunity.. Price P1, Olver SD, Gibbons AE, ... Infection of susceptible mice with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) induces persistent inflammation, and the production of ... Titres of antibodies reactive with autologous tissues and ovalbumin (OVA) also increased following MCMV infection, whilst ...
Which clinical history findings are characteristic of cytomegalovirus retinitis in HIV infection?
... Updated: Jun 12, 2019 ... encoded search term (Which clinical history findings are characteristic of cytomegalovirus retinitis in HIV infection?) and ... Ocular opportunistic infection incidences among patients who are HIV positive compared to patients who are HIV negative. ... Mselle J. Fungal keratitis as an indicator of HIV infection in Africa. Trop Doct. 1999 Jul. 29(3):133-5. [Medline]. ...
HCMVCongenital infectionDiseaseReactivationGanciclovirPatientsRecipientsInfantsChildren with Congenital Cytomegalovirus InfectionRetinitisOpportunisticSensorineural hearAsymptomaticViral InfectionsSymptomsAntiviralValganciclovirSolid organHematopoietic Stem Cell TransEpidemiologyDiagnosis of cytomegalovirus infectionPrimary infectionUbiquitousOccursIntrauterine infectionAntibodiesSymptomatic congenitalEffective in reducing cytomeProphylaxisClinicalMaternalTransplantTransplantationNeurologicalComplicationsAcuteNewbornsMembers of the Herpesvirus familyFetal infectionImmuneAdultsConclusionsPrevalenceSpecific cytomegalovirusSeroprevalenceAssociation with congenitalSerologicImmunocompetentNeonatalActive CMV infectionTreatmentPregnancyInfantFindingsHerpes virus
HCMV35
- Human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) is the most common opportunistic pathogen in the first months after solid organ transplantation. (centerwatch.com)
- Traditionally, hCMV infection in renal transplant patients is indirectly associated with an increased risk of acute rejection, chronic graft dysfunction, graft loss and even increased patient mortality. (centerwatch.com)
- AiCuris reported results from a phase IIb trial of letermovir for the prevention of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) following bone marrow transplantation. (centerwatch.com)
- Infection with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common and generally asymptomatic affection in childhood. (greenmedinfo.com)
- As evidence grows that HCMV interacts with apoptotic signaling due to the interaction of HCMV gene products with cellular proteins of apoptotic pathways, we used human NB cell line UKF-NB-2 persistently infected with HCMV strain AD169 to study the effects of long-term HCMV infection on programmed cell death of neuroectodermal tumor cells. (greenmedinfo.com)
- The results demonstrate that persistent HCMV infection confers resistance to cytotoxic agents on neuroectodermal tumor cells and protects from apoptosis, probably due to increased levels of Bcl-2 protein. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Hence, it is conceivable that HCMV infection before or during tumorigenesis may contribute in some NB patients to failure of therapy. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus that is a member of beta-herpesvirus family. (genome.jp)
- Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) resides latently in hematopoietic cells of the bone marrow. (pnas.org)
- We have developed an in vitro system in which to study HCMV infection and latency in CD34+ cells cultured with irradiated stromal cells. (pnas.org)
- Altered gene expression in hematopoietic progenitors may be indicative of the nature and outcome of HCMV infection. (pnas.org)
- Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous β-herpes virus that maintains a lifelong relationship with its host by way of a latent infection. (pnas.org)
- HCMV infection in healthy individuals is typically asymptomatic, whereas a primary infection or reactivation of latent HCMV may cause life-threatening disease in immunologically immature or compromised individuals, including neonates, AIDS patients, and transplant patients ( 1 ). (pnas.org)
- Mocarski and colleagues ( 8 , 18 ) have studied HCMV latency in granulocyte-macrophage progenitors expressing CD33 and dendritic cell markers, and identified several HCMV transcripts expressed during latency following in vivo or in vitro infection ( 18 , 19 ). (pnas.org)
- Studying HCMV infection of hematopoietic progenitors in vitro is challenging, given the difficulty of maintaining progenitors in an undifferentiated state in culture. (pnas.org)
- Monocytes and tissue macrophages play important roles in host defense against virus infections and, in the case of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and HIV, may also be the reservoir for latent disease. (jimmunol.org)
- Because these cells can also rapidly respond to most infections by secretion of inflammatory mediators, we were interested in determining if HCMV infection could have a direct activating effect on macrophage cytokine production. (jimmunol.org)
- To do this, we primarily investigated the influence of HCMV infection on IL-1 beta-mRNA expression in peripheral blood monocytes and the promyelocytic cell line, ML-3 as well as the inflammatory response genes TNF-alpha, MAD-9, MAD-6, and MAD-2 in the promyelocytic ML-3 cell line. (jimmunol.org)
- Both RNA dot-blot and in situ hybridization studies demonstrated that infection of human peripheral blood monocytes with HCMV leads to sustained expression of IL-1 beta mRNA for up to 96 h, which contrasted markedly with mock-infected or LPS-stimulated monocytes. (jimmunol.org)
- In summary, HCMV infection, although not leading to productive infection, nonetheless may contribute to the pathology of the infection through enhancement of monocyte inflammatory mediator gene expression with subsequent stimulation of protein synthesis. (jimmunol.org)
- Congenital human CMV (HCMV) infection occurs in 0.2-1% of all births and causes birth defects and developmental abnormalities, making the development of CMV vaccines an important issue. (nature.com)
- To clarify the precise requirements of Pentamer for GPCMV infection and to identify cellular receptors for Pentamer-dependent infection, we examined whether endogenously expressed Pentamer components inhibit GPCMV infection due to receptor binding competition (so-called "interference") as shown in HCMV Pentamer 20 . (nature.com)
- Consistent with the findings of the mouse trial, human CMV (HCMV) infection of blood vessel endothelial cells (EC) induced renin expression in a non-lytic infection manner. (harvard.edu)
- This review focuses on the effects of DDR and DNA repair on human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication. (mdpi.com)
- Here, we review the DDR induced by HCMV infection and its similarities and differences to DDR induced by other viruses. (mdpi.com)
- Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is no different and encodes a multitude of functions aimed at disabling, re-directing or hijacking cellular functions to promulgate infection. (mdpi.com)
- All drugs currently used for the clinical treatment of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection are associated with considerable adverse side effects and with the development of drug resistance that results in therapy failure. (pnas.org)
- The expressions of selected miRNAs (miR-296-5p, let-7e, and a human cytomegalovirus [HCMV]-encoded miRNA, hcmv-miR-UL112) were validated independently in plasma samples from 24 hypertensive patients and 22 control subjects. (biomedsearch.com)
- CONCLUSIONS: We report for the first time a circulating miRNA profile for hypertensive patients and demonstrate a novel link between HCMV infection and essential hypertension. (biomedsearch.com)
- Congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection occurs in ~0.64% of infants born each year in the United States and is the leading nongenetic cause of childhood neurodevelopmental disabilities. (sciencemag.org)
- Natural immunity to HCMV in women before pregnancy is associated with a reduced risk of fetal infection, suggesting that a vaccine is feasible if it can reproduce immune responses elicited by natural infection. (sciencemag.org)
- Peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) are one site of persistence of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in healthy carriers. (asm.org)
- Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common cause of viral intrauterine infection and fetal damage largely due to maternal primary infection. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Virological procedures which are able to detect HCMV fetal infection were evaluated. (unboundmedicine.com)
- HCMV IgG antibodies were detected in 62.5% of the pregnant women and 1.47% had a primary infection. (unboundmedicine.com)
Congenital infection15
- Congenital infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an important cause of hearing, cognitive, and motor impairments in newborns. (nih.gov)
- One congenital infection among infants of the subjects occurred in the vaccine group, and three infections occurred in the placebo group. (nih.gov)
- In recent years, it has become evident that CMV is the most important cause of congenital infection in the developed world, and that it frequently leads to mental retardation and developmental disability. (medscape.com)
- Hence, congenital infection may be classified as symptomatic or asymptomatic in nature (see the image below). (medscape.com)
- Approximately 10% of infants with congenital infection have clinical evidence of disease at birth. (medscape.com)
- In contrast to congenital infection, acquired CMV infection occurs postnatally. (medscape.com)
- Also, data on perinatal/postnatal cytomegalovirus infection and symptomatic congenital infection was not collected and was beyond the scope of this study. (scienceblog.com)
- Congenital CMV disease is the most common cause of intrauterine infection in humans, and congenital infection is the leading infectious cause of deafness and mental retardation in the US. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- virologic studies must be obtained in the first 14 days of life to make the diagnosis of congenital infection, since the finding of CMV after this time point may reflect natal transmission by breast milk. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- Rarely has ONA been reported associated with congenital infection. (healio.com)
- Herein, we describe a case of ONA in the setting of congenital infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV). (healio.com)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common congenital infection in developed countries. (helsinki.fi)
- Antiviral drugs (ganciclovir and others)can be used to prevent or control the symptoms of CMV infection in immunocompromised individuals or some infants with congenital infection. (brainfacts.org)
- CMV is the most common congenital infection in the U.S. Most infants will have no permanent health consequences, but a small number will have at birth or will develop long-term neurological conditions, such as hearing loss, visual impairment, seizures, or disabilities f mental or physical function. (brainfacts.org)
- The scores achieved by children with congenital cytomegalovirus but with no associated neurological abnormality (asymptomatic) were similar to those of the control children, whereas the mean score of the five children with congenital infection and neurological impairment (symptomatic) was significantly lower. (bmj.com)
Disease48
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a disease caused by a type of herpes virus. (medlineplus.gov)
- The infection and its disease are not easy to either identify or detect. (healio.com)
- Treatment with hyperimmune globulin in mothers with primary CMV infection has been shown to be effective in preventing congenital disease in several studies. (wikipedia.org)
- The role of these agents has evolved from the treatment of disease to include prevention of CMV infection and disease, primarily in solid organ transplant (SOT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. (ingentaconnect.com)
- The potential use of these drugs is being explored for the treatment of congenital CMV infection, another CMV-associated disease with significant morbidity. (ingentaconnect.com)
- Foscarnet is an alternative drug for treating CMV disease or for use in ganciclovir-resistant CMV infections in HIV-infected children (AI*) . (nih.gov)
- According to the authors, the findings suggest that CMV airway infection significantly enlarges the spectrum of potential environmental inducers of allergic airway disease. (eurekalert.org)
- Ovalbumin exposure or CMV infection alone failed to sensitize for allergic airway disease. (eurekalert.org)
- By contrast, airway infection with CMV at the time of ovalbumin sensitization predisposed for allergic airway disease. (eurekalert.org)
- 2019) Coincident airway exposure to low-potency allergen and cytomegalovirus sensitizes for allergic airway disease by viral activation of migratory dendritic cells. (eurekalert.org)
- Although preexisting immunity (eg, maternal recurrent infection) protects against severe disease, approximately 15% of these infants have sequelae, particularly sensorineural hearing loss. (medscape.com)
- Primary infection in this context is generally asymptomatic, although CMV disease may occur in certain risk groups. (medscape.com)
- Approximately 60 percent of all at-risk allogeneic stem cell (bone marrow) transplant patients will show evidence of CMV infection in the first 100 days post transplant and despite treatment with currently available therapies approximately 10 percent of these patients will progress to develop CMV disease, which may manifest as deadly complications such as pneumonia or gastrointestinal disease. (emaxhealth.com)
- CMV infection is also associated with indirect effects in transplant recipients, including adverse immunologic effects (graft versus host disease (GvHD) after bone marrow transplantation and graft rejection after solid organ transplantation), serious bacterial and fungal infections, and reduced overall survival rates. (emaxhealth.com)
- Merck & Co. released pivotal phase III study results of PREVYMIS (letermovir) for prophylaxis (prevention) of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease in adult CMV-seropositive recipients [R+] of an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). (centerwatch.com)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a globally widespread virus that becomes latent following primary infection but reactivates frequently and, in the setting of immunocompromise, causes disease in solid organ transplant patients, including kidney transplant recipients [ 1 ]. (uptodate.com)
- The management of active CMV infection and disease in transplant recipients is discussed elsewhere. (uptodate.com)
- See 'Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of cytomegalovirus disease in kidney transplant recipients' . (uptodate.com)
- CMV can present in kidney transplant recipients as either CMV infection or CMV disease [ 1,4,5 ]. (uptodate.com)
- Efficacy and safety of maribavir dosed at 100 mg orally twice daily for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in liver transplant recipients: a randomized, double-blind, multicenter controlled trial. (umassmed.edu)
- Primary cytomegalovirus infection with invasive disease in a patient with inflammatory bowel disease. (harvard.edu)
- Reply to Potential Pitfalls When Assessing the Impact of Cytomegalovirus in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. (harvard.edu)
- Antiviral drugs are the cornerstone for prevention and treatment of CMV infection and disease. (bioportfolio.com)
- Specifically, the potential role of CMV-specific T-cell measurements in guiding the need for the treatment of asymptomatic CMV infection and the duration of treatment of CMV disease is discussed. (bioportfolio.com)
- A Retro94-based compound may prevent a common and sometimes fatal virus -- human cytomegalovirus (CMV) -- from reproducing and help to protect immunocompromised patients, such as those with HIV, on chemotherapy, with transplants, and infants from the effects of the disease, according to Penn State College of Medicine researchers. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
- Cytomegalic inclusion disease of the newborn occurs after primary or recurrent infection of a pregnant woman followed by vertical transmission of the disease to the fetus. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- Global Markets Direct's latest Pharmaceutical and Healthcare disease pipeline guide Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) Infections - Pipeline Review, H2 2017, provides an overview of the Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) Infections (Infectious Disease) pipeline landscape. (marketpublishers.com)
- Global Markets Direct's Pharmaceutical and Healthcare latest pipeline guide Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) Infections - Pipeline Review, H2 2017, provides comprehensive information on the therapeutics under development for Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) Infections (Infectious Disease), complete with analysis by stage of development, drug target, mechanism of action (MoA), route of administration (RoA) and molecule type. (marketpublishers.com)
- The Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) Infections (Infectious Disease) pipeline guide also reviews of key players involved in therapeutic development for Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) Infections and features dormant and discontinued projects. (marketpublishers.com)
- Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) Infections (Infectious Disease) pipeline guide helps in identifying and tracking emerging players in the market and their portfolios, enhances decision making capabilities and helps to create effective counter strategies to gain competitive advantage. (marketpublishers.com)
- The pipeline guide provides a snapshot of the global therapeutic landscape of Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) Infections (Infectious Disease). (marketpublishers.com)
- The pipeline guide reviews pipeline therapeutics for Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) Infections (Infectious Disease) by companies and universities/research institutes based on information derived from company and industry-specific sources. (marketpublishers.com)
- The pipeline guide reviews key companies involved in Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) Infections (Infectious Disease) therapeutics and enlists all their major and minor projects. (marketpublishers.com)
- The pipeline guide evaluates Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) Infections (Infectious Disease) therapeutics based on mechanism of action (MoA), drug target, route of administration (RoA) and molecule type. (marketpublishers.com)
- The diagnosis of congenital CMV infections should be considered when it is detected in the newborns with signs and symptoms consistent with congenital CMV disease or with abnormal neuroimaging consistent with CMV or newborns who have documented sensorineural hearing loss. (intechopen.com)
- Renewed interest in the cytomegalovirus has grown from the recognition that infection with this virus may produce disease in adult patients. (annals.org)
- This child has a cytomegalovirus {CMV} disease whether congenital or acquired {due to blood product transfusion} is not known. (pediatriconcall.com)
- Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is related to biliary disease, being cholestatic in its own right. (scielo.org.za)
- In addition, transplant recipients may develop organ rejection or graft-versus-host disease associated with CMV infection. (brainfacts.org)
- A study of 531 female patients attending a venereal disease clinic was undertaken to assess the incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in the cervix. (bmj.com)
- In the fetus, CMV infection may lead to cytomegalic inclusion disease, characterised by severe neurological abnormalities, intellectual disability, and hearing defects. (bmj.com)
- CMV disease predominantly occurs as an opportunistic infection in patients with severe immunosuppression and rarely occurs in immunocompetent patients ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
- Intrauterine infection with CMV has long been known as a cause of disease in the neonatal period [9-11, 201. (docme.ru)
- Diagnosing cytomegalovirus in patients with inflammatory bowel disease-by immunohistochemistry or polymerase chain reaction? (ebscohost.com)
- OBJECTIVE To study possible associations between coronary heart disease and serological evidence of persistent infection with Helicobacter pylori , Chlamydia pneumoniae , or cytomegalovirus. (bmj.com)
- After adjustments for age, sex, smoking, indicators of socioeconomic status, and standard risk factors, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for coronary heart disease of seropositivity to these agents were: 1.28 (0.93 to 1.75) for H pylori, 0.95 (0.66 to 1.36) for C pneumoniae , and 1.40 (0.96 to 2.05) for cytomegalovirus. (bmj.com)
- CONCLUSIONS There is no good evidence of strong associations between coronary heart disease and serological markers of persistent infection with H pylori , C pneumoniae , or cytomegalovirus. (bmj.com)
- The association of seropositivity to Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and cytomegalovirus with risk of cardiovascular disease: a prospective study. (springermedizin.at)
Reactivation9
- The study will analyse the safety and biological efficacy of administering the investigational products (most closely HLA-matched third party donor-derived T cells stimulated with viral or fungal antigen expressing DC), for the treatment of viral reactivation and/or infection or fungal infection following allogeneic blood or marrow or solid organ transplantation. (centerwatch.com)
- CID almost always occurs in women who have primary CMV infection during pregnancy, although rare cases are described in women with preexisting immunity who presumably have reactivation of infection during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
- ViroPharma Incorporated publishes results of its previously described Phase 2 study showing that maribavir, when used as prophylaxis, reduced the rate of cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation and was well tolerated when compared to placebo in allogeneic stem cell, or bone marrow, transplant patients. (emaxhealth.com)
- Preventive therapy decreases reactivation in the setting of latent infection in the transplant recipient and/or acquisition of acute infection in CMV-seronegative recipients of seropositive grafts. (uptodate.com)
- Secondly, immunological imprints of CMV-infection, such as expanded numbers of Vdelta2neg gamma delta T cells and terminally differentiated TCRalpha beta+ T cells, as well as enhanced NKG2C gene expression in peripheral blood of operationally tolerant liver transplant patients, suggest that CMV-infection or reactivation may be associated with liver graft acceptance. (frontiersin.org)
- In conclusion, direct associations indicate that CMV-reactivation may protect against AML-relapse after allogeneic HSCT, and indirect associations suggest that CMV-infection may promote allograft acceptance after liver transplantation. (frontiersin.org)
- Cook CH. Cytomegalovirus reactivation: Another reason to minimize graft ischemia/reperfusion. (harvard.edu)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can be transmitted from the mother to the fetus despite pre-existing immunity [ 1 - 7 ], from either reactivation or reinfection [ 6 ]. (smw.ch)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is a common complication in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), particularly in those with steroid-resistant ulcerative colitis. (ebscohost.com)
Ganciclovir9
- There are currently four antiviral drugs licensed for the treatment of CMV infections: ganciclovir (GCV), valganciclovir (VGCV), foscarnet (FOS), and cidofovir (CDV). (ingentaconnect.com)
- Over the years, the CMV DNA polymerase inhibitor, ganciclovir (and valganciclovir), have served as the backbone for management, while foscarnet and cidofovir are reserved for the management of CMV infection that is refractory or resistant to ganciclovir treatment. (bioportfolio.com)
- To provide ganciclovir on a compassionate use basis to immunocompromised patients with serious cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections and to study safety and efficacy in this patient population. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Ganciclovir (Cytovene) is the first antiviral medication approved for CMV infection. (naturalpedia.com)
- Foscarnet (Foscavir) is used to treat infections with CMV that are resistant to ganciclovir. (naturalpedia.com)
- In patients with recurrent infection, PCR indicated that a majority (27) of recipients had high level of CMV DNA in peripheral blood leukocytes and plasma throughout a protracted (≥1 month) period including after preemptive or therapeutic ganciclovir courses. (ovid.com)
- This is the first reported case to our knowledge of successful use of maternal ganciclovir to treat intrauterine CMV infection in a pregnant renal transplant recipient. (wiley.com)
- The purpose of this trial is to determine if preemptive therapy with oral valganciclovir is as effective as intravenous ganciclovir in clearing cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia as determined by quantitative CMV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay in patients who have undergone bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplant. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Maintenance treatment with intravenous (IV) ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients is now standard therapy, but daily IV therapy can be complicated by catheter infections and thrombosis. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Patients54
- In immunocompetent individuals, a symptomatic CMV primary infection or reinfection should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis when patients present with pericardial effusion and serositis. (medscape.com)
- CMV infection of the fetus causes birth defects, and in immunocompromised patients, CMV infection of the lung can result in life-threatening pneumonia. (eurekalert.org)
- Cytomegalovirus infection in non-immunosuppressed critically ill patients. (genome.jp)
- An international team, led by Vince Emery, Senior Vice-President (Global Strategy and Engagement) and Professor of Translational Virology at the University of Surrey, have developed a model that will provide vital insight into how best to help patients with Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, particularly those who have undergone organ transplantation. (surrey.ac.uk)
- Professor Emery said: "I am very proud to have led this vital research, as it will improve the health and quality of life of patients with CMV infection. (surrey.ac.uk)
- AIMS: To assess the prevalence of infection by cytomegalovirus in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis and extrahepatic cholestasis. (mendeley.com)
- Patients and Methods - This study consisted of 76 patients with neonatal cholestasis who were admitted between January 1980 and January 1999 when they underwent a cytomegalovirus serologic study using the ELISA method. (mendeley.com)
- The history of maternal infection was more common in extrahepatic cholestasis patients with positive serology for cytomegalovirus. (mendeley.com)
- Ocular opportunistic infection incidences among patients who are HIV positive compared to patients who are HIV negative. (medscape.com)
- Acharya PK, Venugopal KC, Karimsab DP, Balasubramanya S. Ocular Manifestations in Patients with HIV Infection/AIDS who were Referred from the ART Centre, Hassan, Karnataka, India. (medscape.com)
- Patients who are CMV seropositive have latent infection. (uptodate.com)
- What is the optimal approach to prevent CMV infection in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) in 2018? (hematology.org)
- RATIONALE: Tests that measure certain changes in blood in patients at high risk of cytomegalovirus infection may help doctors learn more about predicting cytomegalovirus infection after do. (bioportfolio.com)
- This means that immunocompromised patients with active CMV infection could be treated with anti-viral medication or even protected from the virus reactivating in the body before it occurs. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
- CMV infection in immunocompetent patients results from acute primary infection with CMV, most commonly in the form of CMV-induced mononucleosis. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- Similar to EBV infection, 80-100% of patients develop a maculopapular, morbilliform eruption when given ampicillin (or other penicillins) during the illness. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- Also similar to EBV infection, patients infected with CMV may have atypical lymphocytes and mild transaminitis, but the heterophile spot test in patients with CMV is negative. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- Without appropriate prophylaxis, as many as 30-80% (depending on donor and recipient serological status) of these patients may experience CMV infection. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- However, the patients with acute CMV infections are generally asymptomatic. (intechopen.com)
- Patients must be immunocompromised with a serious cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Disseminated infection with cytomegalovirus is an increasingly frequent complication in patients with underlying immunologic defects, whether inherited, acquired, or induced by immunosuppressive therapy (1). (annals.org)
- Fifty to 75% of renal allograft recipients ultimately develop evidence of the infection, and similar involvement occurs in patients with leukemia or lymphoproliferative disorders, particularly after cytotoxic therapy (1, 2). (annals.org)
- Valganciclovir (Valcyte) is used in selected patients for the treatment of CMV infection. (naturalpedia.com)
- The objective of this study was to describe the course of CMV infection in SOT patients and to identify factors that would predict protracted CMV infection with recurrences. (ovid.com)
- Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for CMV DNA in leukocytes and in plasma were used to assess viral load changes retrospectively in consecutive SOT patients, whose CMV infection episodes had been attended therapeutically or preemptively using quantitative blood culture. (ovid.com)
- Among 101 SOT patients, CMV infection occurred in 63, of whom 32 developed recurrent infection after the initial episode. (ovid.com)
- End of treatment plasma CMV DNA best discriminated between patients who did or did not develop protracted infection. (ovid.com)
- In SOT patients, protracted CMV infection is associated with increasing age, donor seropositivity, recipient seronegativity, and high viral load during the first episode. (ovid.com)
- In patients with a high risk of protracted infection, prophylaxis is likely to be particularly cost effective. (ovid.com)
- Patients, categorised into those with and those without BA, were compared in terms of CMV infection. (scielo.org.za)
- Cytomegalovirus in female patients attending a VD clinic. (bmj.com)
- It is suggested that the higher incidence in patients attending a VD clinic is due to the presence of CMV in the cervix predisposing to other genital infections rather than to its being sexually transmitted. (bmj.com)
- Valganciclovir for the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS. (bmj.com)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a pathogen of emerging importance for patients with septic shock. (cdc.gov)
- Within 2 weeks, active CMV infection with low-level pp65-antigenemia (median 3 positive/5 × 10 5 leukocytes) developed in 8 (32%) patients. (cdc.gov)
- Duration of intensive care and mechanical ventilation were significantly prolonged in patients with active CMV infection. (cdc.gov)
- The association between active CMV infection and increased illness could open new therapeutic options for patients with septic shock. (cdc.gov)
- therefore, the development of active CMV infection remains unrecognized in most critically ill patients. (cdc.gov)
- however, the incidence of active CMV infection is controversial ( 3 , 4 ), and not all centers detected active CMV infections in these patients ( 5 - 7 ). (cdc.gov)
- Among critically ill patients, the highest incidence of active CMV infection was in patients with septic shock ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
- This pilot study investigated the incidence and the natural course of active CMV infection in patients with septic shock and different strategies for CMV monitoring. (cdc.gov)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was documented in both patients by viral isolation and a fourfold rise in complement-fixation titer. (docme.ru)
- How Useful Are Cytomegalovirus Cultures in Patients with HIV Infection? (annals.org)
- We are grateful that the article by Salmon and colleagues [1] about the predictive value of CMV viremia in patients with HIV infection was brought to our attention. (annals.org)
- Zurlo JJ, Polis MA, Masur H. How Useful Are Cytomegalovirus Cultures in Patients with HIV Infection? (annals.org)
- Compare the occurrence of serious invasive fungal or bacterial infections during the first 270 days after transplantation in cytomegalovirus (CMV)-negative patients receiving a CMV-positive allogeneic stem cell transplantation and valacyclovir or placebo. (knowcancer.com)
- Compare the occurrence of primary CMV infection within the first 100 days after transplantation in patients treated with these regimens. (knowcancer.com)
- Correlate the presence of CMV in stem cell product with post-transplantation CMV infection in these patients. (knowcancer.com)
- Determine if subclinical CMV infection results in a virus-specific immune response (humoral and cellular) in these patients. (knowcancer.com)
- Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a progressive and life-threatening complication in immunocompromised patients even now. (ebscohost.com)
- The present study examines the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in subgingival and supragingival plaque of 61 patients with chronic. (ebscohost.com)
- Three studies involving 9657 patients were included in the meta-analysis, and the results showed a significantly increased risk of EH in patients with CMV infection. (springermedizin.at)
- Cytomegalovirus infection in patients with AIDS. (springermedizin.at)
- Patients with identifiable causes usually have viral infections . (healthtap.com)
Recipients17
- Infections in immunocompromised hosts and organ transplant recipients: essentials. (genome.jp)
- Merck & Co. issued results of a phase III study of letermovir for the prevention of clinically significant cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in adult (18 years and older) CMV-seropositive recipients of an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), also known as bone marrow transplant (BMT). (centerwatch.com)
- Chimerix reported results of a phase II trial CMX001-201 evaluating brincidofovir (CMX001) for the prevention of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. (centerwatch.com)
- This topic reviews the risk factors, clinical significance, and prevention of CMV infection among kidney transplant recipients. (uptodate.com)
- There have been few reported cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome associated with active cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in renal transplant recipients. (hindawi.com)
- Clinical Correlation of Cytomegalovirus Infection with CMV-Specific CD8+ T Cell Immune Competence Score and Lymphocyte Subsets in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients. (bioportfolio.com)
- The Clinical and Economic Impact of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Recipients of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. (bioportfolio.com)
- Although solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with pretransplant serology for cytomegalovirus (CMV-R+) are considered at intermediate risk for CMV-infection postransplantation, CMV-infection remain. (bioportfolio.com)
- Symptomatic infection with human cytomegalovirus (CMV) may occur in the newborn or in immunocompromised individuals, including those infected with HIV/AIDS, hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, and organ transplant recipients. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- CMV is one of the most common infections occurring in organ transplant and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- Recurrent infection frequently follows the response to the initial treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in solid-organ transplant (SOT) recipients. (ovid.com)
- Here, we assessed if Vδ2(neg) γδ T cell kinetics in peripheral blood predict CMV infection resolution and emergence of a mutant strain in high-risk recipients of kidney transplants, including 168 seronegative recipients receiving organs from seropositive donors (D+R-) and 104 seropositive recipients receiving antithymocyte globulins (R+/ATG). (archives-ouvertes.fr)
- Female renal allograft recipients who develop CMV infection during pregnancy are at risk for both graft dysfunction and fetal morbidity. (wiley.com)
- CMV infection is therefore a concern because of the risk of infection to the unborn baby, people who work with children, and immunodeficient people such as transplant recipients and those with HIV. (lymphedemapeople.com)
- CMV infection may be severe in solid organ or blood cell transplant recipients, people with untreated or end-stage HIV-AIDS, or others with altered immune function. (brainfacts.org)
- In a phase 3 randomized placebo-controlled clinical study that enrolled 495 CMV-seropositive HSCT recipients, the primary end point of clinically significant CMV infection was significantly reduced by letermovir prophylaxis. (ovid.com)
- However, the use of these agents predisposes the transplant recipients to opportunistic infections ( 40 ). (asm.org)
Infants26
- In the newborn, infection is usually detectable only by the presence of cytomegaloviruria, and most infants are without symptoms. (healio.com)
- For infants who are infected by their mothers before birth, two potential adverse scenarios exist: Generalized infection may occur in the infant, and can cause complications such as low birth weight, microcephaly, seizures, petechial rash similar to the "blueberry muffin" rash of congenital rubella syndrome, and moderate hepatosplenomegaly (with jaundice). (wikipedia.org)
- For this group, which makes up 50% to 80% of the women of child-bearing age, the rate of newborn CMV infection is 1%, and these infants appear to have no significant illness or abnormalities. (wikipedia.org)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody testing is recommended at age 1 year and then annually for CMV-seronegative, HIV-infected infants and children who are immunosuppressed (i.e. (nih.gov)
- Overall, it has been estimated that in a given cohort of 1,000 infants with congenital CMV infection, 170-190 will have permanent sequelae, of whom one third are from the symptomatic group and two thirds are from the asymptomatic group. (medscape.com)
- Approximately 10% of cases of congenital cytomegalovirus occur in women with primary infection during pregnancy, and 90% of these infants have neurological sequelae. (medscape.com)
- Most infants with congenital CMV infection are born to women who have preexisting immunity to CMV. (medscape.com)
- however, although infants with congenital CMV infection appear well, they may have subtle growth restriction compared with uninfected infants. (medscape.com)
- Cytomegalovirus infection was identified in 24 (5%) of 483 tested infants and 16 (6%) of the 256 infants with subsequently confirmed hearing impairment. (aappublications.org)
- Of those 16 infants, 12 (75%) were identified as having congenital cytomegalovirus infection only because of failure to pass newborn hearing screening tests. (aappublications.org)
- Congenital cytomegalovirus infection was present for 6% of newborns with confirmed hearing impairment, and the majority of those infants were identified on the basis of abnormal newborn hearing screening results. (aappublications.org)
- Infants who also were infected before birth by the virus that causes AIDS were especially prone to CMV infection. (scienceblog.com)
- Overall, HIV-infected infants were four times as likely to have acquired congenital cytomegalovirus infection compared to infants who were exposed to, but remained uninfected with, HIV. (scienceblog.com)
- While it is known that congenital CMV infection rates may be higher in HIV-exposed and HIV-infected infants compared to the general population, less is known about comparative risks of their acquiring congenital CMV. (scienceblog.com)
- The study highlights the importance of screening for congenital cytomegalovirus infection as part of routine care for HIV-exposed infants. (scienceblog.com)
- Screening for congenital cytomegalovirus is important because it can be easily missed, as many infants do not exhibit symptoms at birth and CMV can lead to conditions such as hearing loss and developmental delay. (scienceblog.com)
- CMV also is the most common infection present from birth, and infants born with CMV can suffer from hearing loss, vision problems, microcephaly -- a condition that involves an abnormal smallness of the head -- and intellectual deficits. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
- Treatment is recommended to initiate to the infants who have a symptomatic infection or primary immunodeficiency or asymptomatic infection with an isolated hearing loss. (intechopen.com)
- Improved accuracy in estimating the timing of primary infections can be used to identify women at higher risk of giving birth to congenitally infected infants. (asm.org)
- Two infants with asymptomatic CMV infection were born of mothers who had seroconverted in the second trimester of pregnancy. (asm.org)
- Breast milk-acquired infections are asymptomatic in healthy term infants. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- However, two groups of people are at high risk of neurological or other severe symptoms that may lead to long-term effects:Unborn infants whose mothers have CMV infection. (brainfacts.org)
- and (3) to compare clinical outcomes between infants born to mothers with primary versus nonprimary infection. (smw.ch)
- Similar long-term neurodevelopmental and audiological outcomes were observed in infants born to mothers with a primary and nonprimary infection. (smw.ch)
- Evidence from the literature suggests that infants born to mothers with primary infection have an equivalent audiological and neurodevelopmental outcome to those born to mothers with a nonprimary infection [ 4 , 5 ]. (smw.ch)
- The law, which states that infants who fail two newborn hearing screenings should be tested for congenital CMV before 21 days of age, also requires medical practitioners to talk to parents about the potential sequelae of CMV infection and inform them of available treatment options. (enttoday.org)
Children with Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection2
Retinitis2
- Which clinical history findings are characteristic of cytomegalovirus retinitis in HIV infection? (medscape.com)
- Infection may affect the brain (encephalitis), spinal cord (myelitis), eye (retinitis), or other organs such as the lungs (pneumonia) or intestinal gract (gastritis, enteritis, or colitis). (brainfacts.org)
Opportunistic8
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most frequent opportunistic viral infection after kidney transplantation. (centerwatch.com)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an opportunistic pathogen associated with significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts. (ingentaconnect.com)
- On February 8, 2019 Isosporiasis (Cystoisosporiasis) Section of the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Exposed and HIV-Infected Children was updated. (nih.gov)
- Cytomegalovirus is the most important opportunistic infection after kidney transplant, with increased in mortality, morbidity and higher costs of transplantation. (bioportfolio.com)
- Human cytomegalovirus, an opportunistic pathogen, is transmitted through solid organ/bone transplantation, placental pathway, sexual intercourse, blood transfusion, and in close contact with virus-spreading people. (intechopen.com)
- NO acute opportunistic infection. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Purpose of review Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common opportunistic infection after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). (ovid.com)
- Additionally, CMV influences allograft dysfunction, accelerates graft coronary artery atherosclerosis, and increases opportunistic infections ( 33 ). (asm.org)
Sensorineural hear4
- The major consequence of inapparent congenital CMV infection is sensorineural hearing loss. (medscape.com)
- The common clinical manifestations of congenital CMV infection are sensorineural hearing loss, petechiae, jaundice at birth, and hepatosplenomegaly. (intechopen.com)
- Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infections, with a global estimated prevalence of 0.6 to 0.7%, are the leading nongenetic cause of congenital sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) [ 1 - 6 ]. (smw.ch)
- According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common non-genetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in children. (enttoday.org)
Asymptomatic10
- Infection with CMV is ubiquitous and generally asymptomatic in healthy children and adults. (medscape.com)
- Since CMV is usually asymptomatic in immunocompetent adults, diagnosis of CMV infection in a pregnant woman using clinical manifestations alone is quite difficult. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- The vast majority of healthy children and adolescents infected with CMV infections are most often asymptomatic. (intechopen.com)
- The most important impact of CMV infection is caused by congenital CMV, which may be symptomatic or asymptomatic at birth. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- Acquired CMV infections are typically asymptomatic but can produce undifferentiated febrile syndromes and heterophile-negative mononucleosis. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- hence, asymptomatic infections are missed. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- In people with normal immune systems, CMV infection is often asymptomatic or manifests as infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome (fever, lymphadenopathy, and atypical lymphocytosis). (bmj.com)
- Primary infection in individuals with normal immune function is usually asymptomatic. (bmj.com)
- Almost all newborns with cCMV infections are asymptomatic at birth. (smw.ch)
- Overall, 17 to 20% of all neonates with symptomatic and asymptomatic cCMV infection will have an abnormal neurological outcome, mainly SNHL, cognitive delay, neuromotor impairment such as cerebral palsy and balance disturbances, seizures or visual impairment [ 8 - 10 ]. (smw.ch)
Viral Infections9
- BACKGROUND: Neonatal cholestasis syndrome with an intra or extrahepatic origin has been associated to viral infections. (mendeley.com)
- CPEB1 was previously shown to play a role in neuronal development and function, but this involvement in active viral infections is unexpected," said first author Ranjan Batra, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow in Yeo's lab. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
- This discovery has important implications for many viral infections. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
- Yeo said the next steps are to determine the therapeutic value of inhibiting CPEB1 in CMV infections and identify other RNA-binding proteins that may be important in other viral infections. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
- Several viral infections are linked to hypertension, including human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) and HIV-1. (harvard.edu)
- Thus, in addition to confirming that NK-cell proliferation is virus load dependent, our data extend this notion demonstrating that perforin plays an intrinsic role as a feedback mechanism in the regulation of NK-cell proliferation during viral infections. (frontiersin.org)
- In young children with primary CMV infection, symptoms may mimic those associated with many viral infections, such as fever, sore throat, and malaise. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- Could antibiotics treat viral infections? (healthtap.com)
- Viral infections are treated with antiviral medications. (healthtap.com)
Symptoms11
- Most people with CMV infection have no symptoms and aren't aware that they have been infected. (cdc.gov)
- Blood tests can be used to diagnose CMV infection in adults who have symptoms. (cdc.gov)
- Call for an appointment with your provider if you have symptoms of CMV infection. (medlineplus.gov)
- This is the case in children both with and without symptoms of infection at birth. (nih.gov)
- 60-90 per cent of adults have experienced infection, characteristically without symptoms or consequences. (healio.com)
- Symptoms of infection with CMV in such populations are extremely variable. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- Of pregnant women with primary CMV infection, less than 5% exhibit symptoms of infection. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- Vaccines are in the development and human clinical trial stages, which shows that vaccines may help prevent initial CMV infection or decrease the severity of symptoms. (brainfacts.org)
- Most adults carry latent human cytomegalovirus, with no apparent symptoms. (sciencemag.org)
- Objective Congenital cytomegalovirus infection (cCMV) can cause symptoms at birth as well as long-term impairment. (bmj.com)
- Unfortunately, hepatitis C infection is rarely diagnosed and treated in its acute stage because it usually causes no symptoms. (healthtap.com)
Antiviral10
- For babies with signs of congenital CMV infection at birth, antiviral medications, primarily valganciclovir, may improve hearing and developmental outcomes. (cdc.gov)
- [ 5 ] Although enormous progress has recently been made in defining and characterizing the molecular biology, immunology, and antiviral therapeutic targets for CMV, considerable work remains in devising strategies for prevention of CMV infection and in understanding the role of specific viral genes in pathogenesis. (medscape.com)
- The availability of antiviral therapy has provided major advances in the treatment and prevention of CMV infection and has resulted in dramatically improved outcomes for immunocompromised hosts. (ingentaconnect.com)
- An overview of the clinical syndromes caused by CMV will be provided, with specific reference to the role of antiviral agents in treating and preventing these infections. (ingentaconnect.com)
- Garlic extract has potent antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Updates on antiviral drugs for cytomegalovirus prevention and treatment. (harvard.edu)
- A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying cell tropisms and the efficiency of viral infection is critical for the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs for viral diseases. (nature.com)
- We will focus on strategies to evade intrinsic antiviral and innate immune responses and consider their impact on viral infection. (mdpi.com)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in solid-organ transplantation is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, particularly if a CMV mutant strain with antiviral resistance emerges. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
- Infection was controlled within a few weeks (median 26 days) without use of antiviral therapy. (cdc.gov)
Valganciclovir4
- Valganciclovir can have serious side effects and has only been studied in babies with signs of congenital CMV infection. (cdc.gov)
- Work-up at that time revealed acute CMV infection and he was started on oral valganciclovir at treatment doses. (hindawi.com)
- RATIONALE: Antivirals such as valganciclovir act against viruses and may be effective in preventing cytomegalovirus. (bioportfolio.com)
- Successful treatment with oral valganciclovir in immunocompetent infant with gastrointestinal manifestations of cytomegalovirus infection. (biomedsearch.com)
Solid organ3
- Control of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after solid organ transplantation (SOT) requires a functional immune system. (bioportfolio.com)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been associated with poor outcomes following solid organ transplantation. (bioportfolio.com)
- Cytomegalovirus in solid organ transplantation. (bmj.com)
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Trans1
- CMV infection (CMV-I) remains an important complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). (bioportfolio.com)
Epidemiology5
- Epidemiology patterns of congenital cytomegalovirus infection. (medscape.com)
- The diagnosis of CMV infection and the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment of CMV infection immunocompetent adults are also discussed elsewhere. (uptodate.com)
- See 'Overview of diagnostic tests for cytomegalovirus infection' and 'Approach to the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection' and 'Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment of cytomegalovirus infection in immunocompetent adults' . (uptodate.com)
- Cytomegalovirus infection: epidemiology and association with congenital mal-formations. (ugent.be)
- De Schryver A, De Backer G, VAN RENTERGHEM L. Cytomegalovirus infection: epidemiology and association with congenital mal-formations. (ugent.be)
Diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection1
- Overview of the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection. (genome.jp)
Primary infection9
- Primary infection with CMV occurs in early childhood and involves the airway mucosa, where CMV and inhaled environmental allergens can meet. (eurekalert.org)
- The risk of intrauterine transmission is highest when primary infection occurs during pregnancy, with a significantly increased risk of adverse fetal effects if fetal infection occurs during the first half of pregnancy. (medscape.com)
- Primary infection is nonspecific but after that the virus becomes latent in multiple organs and can later be reactivated. (genome.jp)
- Like other members of the Herpesvirus family, CMV establishes latent infection after the resolution of acute (or primary) infection. (uptodate.com)
- After primary infection, CMV establishes a state of lifelong latency in various host cells, with periodic sub-clinical re-activations that are controlled by a functioning immune system. (bmj.com)
- In other words, our evidence for a low R 0 contributing to stochastic transient infections is derived from the dynamics that we observed during primary infection with high viral loads. (asm.org)
- Newborns born to mothers with a nonprimary infection were more often symptomatic at birth than those born to mothers with a primary infection. (smw.ch)
- Primary infection occurs in as many as 2.2% of pregnant women ( 4 ) and serologic or culture evidence of intrauterine CMV infection has been reported in 0.2-2.2% of all live-born neonates ( 5 ). (ajnr.org)
- Following primary infection, CMV is maintained in a latent state by integration within the host cell chromosome or by persistent low-level viral replication that is adequately controlled by a functioning immune system. (asm.org)
Ubiquitous6
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous virus that can have a devastating effect on the fetus. (healio.com)
- Whether latent CMV infection in these tissues is maintained in a single ubiquitous cell type (e.g., lymphocytes or macrophages) or in various cell types is not known. (nih.gov)
- Human cytomegalovirus (CMV), a member of the human herpesviruses, is a deoxyribonucleic acid virus that is ubiquitous in the world. (intechopen.com)
- Human cytomegalovirus (CMV), an infectious agent that is ubiquitous in the world population, is a member of human herpesvirus family including viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex virus, and varicella zoster. (intechopen.com)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous beta-herpes virus that infects the majority of humans. (bmj.com)
- One of the most common complications following organ transplantation is infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV), a ubiquitous member of the β-herpesvirus family. (asm.org)
Occurs7
- Immediate early gene transcription occurs in the first 4 hours following viral infection, when key regulatory proteins that allow the virus to take control of cellular machinery are made. (medscape.com)
- If primary maternal infection occurs during pregnancy, especially during the first trimester, the rate of transmission is about 40%, compared with only 1% following secondary infection. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- Congenital CMV infection (present at birth) occurs via intrauterine transmission of the virus that is thought to be transferred to the developing fetus. (intechopen.com)
- CMV infection of the fetus likely occurs through a transplacental route of infection. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection occurs in approximately 1% of newborns and is the leading infectious cause of congenital birth defects. (wiley.com)
- CMV infection occurs in the majority of humans, mainly during the first two decades of life. (asm.org)
- The lytic phase of infection occurs within mucoepithelial cells while the latent infection of these cells occurs in neurons. (wikipedia.org)
Intrauterine infection2
- CMV is a member of the virus family herpesviridae and is the most common intrauterine infection. (wikipedia.org)
- Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a leading cause of intrauterine infection and brain damage in children ( 1 - 3 ). (ajnr.org)
Antibodies7
- We tested for CMV infection in the women in quarterly tests during a 42-month period, using an assay for IgG antibodies against CMV proteins other than glycoprotein B. Infection was confirmed by virus culture or immunoblotting. (nih.gov)
- Lymphocytotoxic antibodies in spontaneous cytomegalovirus infection. (bmj.com)
- Jeannet M , Stalder H . Lymphocytotoxic antibodies in spontaneous cytomegalovirus infection. (bmj.com)
- Titres of antibodies reactive with autologous tissues and ovalbumin (OVA) also increased following MCMV infection, whilst responses to a synthetic antigen [polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)] were unaffected or depressed. (nih.gov)
- Follow-up controls revealed the presence of specific cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibodies. (biomedsearch.com)
- 2 3 Most studies have involved measurements for serum antibodies to Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydia pneumoniae , or cytomegalovirus, but only one report 4 has measured antibodies to more than one of these agents in the same population, and none has reported measurement for all three. (bmj.com)
- Blood tests to detect hepatitis C virus proteins, followed by a later test to detect antibodies to the virus, can usually distinguish acute from chronic infection. (healthtap.com)
Symptomatic congenital5
- Cranial CT scan of infant born with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection. (medscape.com)
- To determine whether newborn cranial computed tomographic (CT) scan abnormalities predict an adverse neurodevelopmental outcome in children with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and to examine the association between clinical findings at birth and imaging abnormalities. (aappublications.org)
- The data from 56 children with symptomatic congenital CMV infection who underwent cranial CT scans as newborns and were enrolled in a long-term follow-up study were analyzed. (aappublications.org)
- In neonates with symptomatic congenital CMV infection, a cranial CT scan is a good predictor of an adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. (aappublications.org)
- In addition, newborn clinical and laboratory findings did not predict neuroradiographic abnormalities in neonates with symptomatic congenital CMV infection. (aappublications.org)
Effective in reducing cytome1
- A Chinese herbal formula containing Paris polyphylla, Dandelion, Woad, and Licorice appears safe and effective in reducing cytomegalovirus infection activity in pregnant women. (greenmedinfo.com)
Prophylaxis2
- RATIONALE: Infection prophylaxis and management may help prevent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection caused by a stem cell transplant. (bioportfolio.com)
- In prophylaxis trials, two breakthrough infections were reported due to selection of CMV UL56 V236M mutation. (ovid.com)
Clinical9
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and congenital CMV infection: clinical overview. (medlineplus.gov)
- The real clinical and epidemiologic importance of CMV infection lies in one vital area - pregnancy. (healio.com)
- However, these infections usually result in little or no clinical illness in the infant. (wikipedia.org)
- To compare the clinical characteristics of the intrahepatic cholestasis and extrahepatic cholestasis groups with the cytomegalovirus serological results. (mendeley.com)
- Rogers R, Saharia K, Chandorkar A, Weiss ZF, Vieira K, Koo S, Farmakiotis D. Clinical experience with a novel assay measuring cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell immunity by flow cytometry and intracellular cytokine staining to predict clinically significant CMV events. (harvard.edu)
- PURPOSE:This clinical trial studies infection prophylaxi. (bioportfolio.com)
- Mild to moderate cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections that fail to satisfy the clinical severity criteria. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Our results suggest a correlation between CMV exposure/infection and BA which affects clinical outcome. (scielo.org.za)
- Even if the entire pregnant population would be screened by immunologic studies in the 1st trimester, clinical and laboratory evidence proves that at least some cases of fetal infection are due to maternal reinfection with a different CMV strain ( 7 ). (ajnr.org)
Maternal8
- Vaccine prevention of maternal cytomegalovirus infection. (nih.gov)
- CMV glycoprotein B vaccine has the potential to decrease incident cases of maternal and congenital CMV infection. (nih.gov)
- Yet it is the most frequently occurring of all known maternal infections that can affect the fetus, such as rubella and toxoplasmosis, and is the one most likely to cause defects in the baby. (healio.com)
- Maternal immunity may not protect the fetus, and whether the mother's infection is primary or recurrent is often impossible to learn. (healio.com)
- A case note was kept on each patient with the following data: age of patient at admission, serologic result for cytomegalovirus, history of maternal infection, prematurity, fetal distress, birth weight, ponderal gain, choluria and fecal acholia. (mendeley.com)
- In comparison with group IIB, group IIA presented a higher rate of maternal infection history. (mendeley.com)
- Data was then analyzed with infant cytomegalovirus results with respect to other details on maternal and infant HIV status and other circumstances that could pose a risk. (scienceblog.com)
- Infection of the fetus may occur as a result of primary maternal infection or reinfection with a new strain of CMV. (clinicaladvisor.com)
Transplant8
- CMV-infection can cause significant complications after transplantation, but recent emerging data suggest that CMV may paradoxically also exert beneficial effects in two specific allogeneic transplant settings. (frontiersin.org)
- Long-term CMV infection in a renal transplant recipient increases the risk for allograft failure and mortality [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
- The first case of Guillain-Barré Syndrome occurring in association with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was first reported in a renal transplant recipient in 1970 [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
- This is a 47-year-old Caucasian male with a history significant for a living unrelated renal transplant two years prior to presentation and recent acute cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. (hindawi.com)
- Preventing Cytomegalovirus Infection After Liver Transplant: An Evolving Approach. (harvard.edu)
- RATIONALE: An infusion of cytomegalovirus-specific T lymphocytes may prevent or reduce cytomegalovirus infection during the first year after a donor stem cell transplant. (bioportfolio.com)
- Using this test we diagnosed CMV infection in the fetus of a 30-year-old renal transplant recipient. (wiley.com)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can cause significant complications after transplantation, but recent emerging data suggest that CMV may paradoxically also exert beneficial effects in two specific allogeneic transplant settings. (eur.nl)
Transplantation4
- New Developments in the Management of Cytomegalovirus Infection After Transplantation. (bioportfolio.com)
- Long-term impact of cytomegalovirus serologic status on lung transplantation in the United States. (bioportfolio.com)
- Human cytomegalovirus-specific immunity following mopoietic stem cell transplantation. (springermedizin.at)
- Endothelial dysfunction and cytomegalovirus replication in pediatric heart transplantation. (springermedizin.at)
Neurological7
- Some 10-20% of all children with congenital CMV infections exhibit signs of neurological damage when followed up. (nih.gov)
- infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the first cause of congenital neurological handicap of infectious origin. (bioportfolio.com)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common infectious cause of brain defects and neurological dysfunction in developing human babies. (jneurosci.org)
- The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), and other institutes of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), conduct research related to CMV infection in laboratories at the NIH, and support additional research through grants to major medical institutions across the country. (brainfacts.org)
- Much of this research focuses on finding better ways to prevent and treat CMV infection in people at risk of severe neurological consequences, especially a safe and effective CMV vaccine. (brainfacts.org)
- This report describes 2 previously healthy adults in whom systemic CMV infection was complicated by neurological syndromes (brachial plexus neuropathy and chronic encephalitis) not previously described in relationship to CMV. (docme.ru)
- This study, which has the statistical power to detect differences in developmental quotient as small as five points, gave no evidence that at 2 years cytomegalovirus infection was associated with mental retardation in the absence of other neurological impairment. (bmj.com)
Complications3
- To summarise, during a pregnancy when a woman who has never had CMV infection becomes infected with CMV, there is a risk that after birth the infant may have CMV-related complications, the most common of which are associated with hearing loss, visual impairment, or diminished mental and motor capabilities. (wikipedia.org)
- Dating back to the earliest AHCT reports, CMV infection has been identified to be one of the most important complications. (hematology.org)
- People who are most at risk of complications from CMV infection include pregnant women and people who have a weak immune system, such as those who are HIV-positive, have cancer, or are undergoing chemotherapy. (naturalpedia.com)
Acute9
- CMV is spread primarily by exposure to infected secretions and subsequent mucosal contact, which then leads to the acute infection of various cell types. (lifeboat.com)
- After this acute infection, in which the virus spreads, it enters a dormant state in the body. (lifeboat.com)
- Untreated acute prostate infection? (healthtap.com)
- Is acute hepatitis C infection serious? (healthtap.com)
- But because a large majority of people with the acute infection go on to chronically harbor the virus , acute hepatitis C is serious. (healthtap.com)
- Acute hepatitis C infection can be treated, greatly reducing the risk of chronic infection . (healthtap.com)
- Most acute hepatitis C infections today occur in people who share needles to inject drugs. (healthtap.com)
- Having acute hepatitis C infection makes a difference in the choice of treatment. (healthtap.com)
- Can autoimmune encephalitis triggered by past infection be insidious unlike acute disseminated encephalomyelitis? (healthtap.com)
Newborns7
- However, blood is not the best fluid to test newborns with suspected CMV infection. (cdc.gov)
- The objectives were to determine the frequency of congenital cytomegalovirus infection among newborns who did not pass hearing screening tests or had confirmed hearing loss and to determine how often abnormal hearing screening results were the only manifestation of congenital cytomegalovirus infection. (aappublications.org)
- Retrospective chart review was performed for newborns who had abnormal hearing screening results and positive urine cytomegalovirus culture results at Parkland Memorial Hospital between September 1, 1999, and August 31, 2004. (aappublications.org)
- This was a single-centre, observational, exploratory, retrospective study of newborns diagnosed with cCMV infection at the Lausanne University Hospital between 1999 and 2014. (smw.ch)
- From recent data, we estimate that cCMV infection could affect 500 newborns each year in Switzerland, of whom up to 100 could suffer from lifelong disabilities [ 9 , 22 , 23 ]. (smw.ch)
- We aimed to provide information on neurodevelopmental and audiological outcomes of newborns with cCMV infection diagnosed at the Lausanne University Hospital. (smw.ch)
- Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: Time to Test Newborns? (enttoday.org)
Members of the Herpesvirus family1
- Ann Neurol 5:458-461, 1979 T h e cytomegaloviruses (CMV) are members of the herpesvirus family characterized by their ability to produce striking cellular enlargement with intracellular inclusion bodies in epithelial cells [27]. (docme.ru)
Fetal infection4
- To evaluate the effect of a treatment by valacyclovir injected per bone to the mother in the cases of proven fetal infection with CMV (positive PCR CMV in the amniotic liquid) and presenting cerebral extra echographic signs being able to be allotted to the infection. (bioportfolio.com)
- The attribution of the treatments will be carried out by drawing lot, according to a procedure in double blind as of the established diagnosis of the fetal infection. (bioportfolio.com)
- The comparison of the two treatments will be carried out on the composite principal criterion according to : proportion of pregnancies with unfavourable exit (symptomatic children at birth or medical interruptions of pregnancy practised for which has appeared cerebral echographic anomalies in connection with the fetal infection with CMV). (bioportfolio.com)
- Other signs of fetal infection were intraventricular adhesions, periventricular pseudocysts, sulcation and gyral abnormal patterns, hypoplastic corpus callosum, cerebellar and cisterna magna abnormalities, and signs of striatal artery vasculopathy. (ajnr.org)
Immune10
- But infection with the virus can be serious in babies and people with weak immune systems. (medlineplus.gov)
- Medications are available to treat CMV infection in people who have weakened immune systems and babies with signs of congenital CMV . (cdc.gov)
- But usually, it's people with a weakened immune system, such as those with HIV/AIDS, who become ill from CMV infection. (medlineplus.gov)
- Tests, such as a CMV antibody test, may be done to check the body's immune response to the CMV infection. (medlineplus.gov)
- Human cytomegalovirus immunity and immune evasion. (genome.jp)
- This book gives an in-depth view of manifestations of CMV infection in immunocompromised individuals: how it affects the immune system and how it is diagnosed. (intechopen.com)
- The causative mechanisms need further investigations, but are probably related to the profound and sustained imprint of CMV-infection on the immune system. (frontiersin.org)
- Mice lacking the Ly49H receptor fail to exert significant virus control by NK cells during the early post-infection (p.i.) days, because of the fact that MCMV expresses immune evasion mechanisms able to avoid or decrease other means of NK-cell engagement ( 4 - 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
- People with a compromised immune system may have more severe forms of infection involving the nervous system.A hallmark of CMV infection is that the virus cycles through periods of dormancy and active infection during the life of the individual Infected persons of any age periodically shed the virus in their body fluids, such as saliva, urine, blood, tears, semen, or breast milk. (brainfacts.org)
- As such, we think that the ability of CMV to successfully establish infection despite its remarkably slow viral expansion likely depends more on the numerous strategies that it has evolved to evade the host immune response ( 6 - 8 ) than on a capacity to outrace it. (asm.org)
Adults8
- Between 50% and 80% of adults in the United States have had a CMV infection by age 40. (medlineplus.gov)
- Infection may be in almost any organ, but the salivary glands are the most common site in children, as are the lungs in adults. (umassmed.edu)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common infection in adults (seropositive 60-99% globally), and is associated with cardiovascular diseases, in line with risk factors such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. (harvard.edu)
- In adolescents and young adults with primary CMV infection, a mononucleosis syndrome may be noted. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- What laboratory studies should you request to help confirm the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infections in adolescents and young adults? (clinicaladvisor.com)
- in any case, treatment of the infection is not necessarily needed for healthy children and adults. (naturalpedia.com)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a virus found throughout the world that infects between 50 to 80 percent of all adults in the United States by the age of 40. (brainfacts.org)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a human β-herpesvirus that has high seroprevalence in adults. (cdc.gov)
Conclusions1
- CONCLUSIONS: The positive (IgM) seroprevalence for cytomegalovirus in children with intrahepatic cholestasis and extrahepatic cholestasis is high. (mendeley.com)
Prevalence3
- Birth Prevalence of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children in the Era of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy. (harvard.edu)
- Confirmed cCMV infection occurred in 40 children, corresponding to a prevalence of 2 in 1,000 (95% CI 1.4-2.6). (helsinki.fi)
- An increase in the prevalence of CMV infections has been observed in recent years, and CMV infection may become even more common in the near future ( 1 , 6 ). (ajnr.org)
Specific cytomegalovirus1
- Misdiagnosis of specific cytomegalovirus infection of the ileoanal pouch as refractory idiopathic chronic pouchitis. (springer.com)
Seroprevalence1
- Review of cytomegalovirus seroprevalence and demographic characteristics associated with infection. (springermedizin.at)
Association with congenital1
- The authors report a case of optic nerve aplasia in association with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, conveyed through multimodal imaging including color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and B-scan ultrasonography. (healio.com)
Serologic1
- The purpose of this study was to analyze brain sonographic findings in fetuses with serologic, culture, and/or histologic confirmation of congenital CMV infection. (ajnr.org)
Immunocompetent1
- Cite this: Relevant Pericardial Effusion Caused by Cytomegalovirus Infection in An Immunocompetent Patient - Medscape - Jan 19, 2018. (medscape.com)
Neonatal3
- Congenital cytomegalovirus infection can be an important cause of intraventricular hemorrhage and neonatal encephalopathy. (wikipedia.org)
- The participation of the cytomegalovirus in the etiopathogenesis of neonatal hepatitis has been already known for some time, but only recently there have been indications that this virus may be one of the possible etiological factors for extrahepatic biliary atresia. (mendeley.com)
- Congenital or neonatal CMV infections where there is not documented congenital or acquired immunodeficiency. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Active CMV infection1
- 1980 of an active CMV infection inducing Guillain-Barré Syndrome [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
Treatment4
- Zinc may have a therapeutic role in the treatment of human cytomegalovirus infection. (greenmedinfo.com)
- In addition, women in the parent study were only diagnosed with HIV infection at the time of labor and delivery, so these results are not applicable to HIV-infected pregnant women who are on antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy. (scienceblog.com)
- Since the virus remains in the person for life, there is no treatment to eliminate CMV infection. (brainfacts.org)
- Therefore, early and accurate treatment based on rapid and certain detection is needed to prevent fatal CMV infection diseases. (ebscohost.com)
Pregnancy7
- Because the virus can persist in the vagina for a long time, an infection existing before pregnancy can be transmitted to the baby. (healio.com)
- These risks appear to be almost exclusively associated with women who previously have not been infected with CMV and who are having their first infection with the virus during pregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
- Recommendations for pregnant women with regard to CMV infection:[citation needed] Throughout the pregnancy, practice good personal hygiene, especially handwashing with soap and water, after contact with diapers or oral secretions (particularly with a child who is in day care). (wikipedia.org)
- Women who develop a mononucleosis-like illness during pregnancy should be evaluated for CMV infection and counseled about the possible risks to the unborn child. (wikipedia.org)
- Of the children whose mothers had experienced non-primary CMV infections during the pregnancy, 64% (9/14) developed long-term sequelae. (helsinki.fi)
- The highest risk of these severe effects on the fetus is for women who acquire CMV infection for the first time during pregnancy. (brainfacts.org)
- The risk is much lower for women who have had CMV infection in the past before pregnancy.Immunocompromised individuals. (brainfacts.org)
Infant1
- The researchers did not evaluate congenital cytomegalovirus rates in the general population because the study was restricted to mother-infant pairs previously enrolled in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development HIV Prevention Trials Network 040 parent study. (scienceblog.com)
Findings6
- Suspicion of CMV infection in the fetus may occur when certain ultrasound findings are seen, but only 5-25% of fetuses infected with CMV exhibit such findings. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- In the fetus, the presence of ultrasound findings suspicious for CMV infection should prompt immediate testing of the fetus. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- CMV infection should be suspected in a patient with fever, fatigue, and malaise without any physical examination findings or historical features pointing to a specific diagnosis. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- There are no characteristic findings on physical examination that definitively establish or suggest the diagnosis of CMV infection. (clinicaladvisor.com)
- Instead, our findings that i) endogenous expression of GP131 and GP133 after nuclear delivery of viral DNA still enhanced infection and ii) an HDAC inhibitor overcame the need of the endogenous expression led us to hypothesize a novel mechanism that controls the efficiency of viral infection through the activation of gene expression from viral DNA delivered to the nuclei. (nature.com)
- Furthermore, the authors review the common ocular findings and previously reported cases of ONA in congenital CMV infection. (healio.com)
Herpes virus2
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a contagious infection of the caused by the member of the herpes virus family. (marketpublishers.com)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a virus that is predominantly of the herpes virus family , which includes varicella-zoster virus (of the chicken pox and shingles variety), Epstein-Barr virus (causes infectious mononucleosis or mono), herpes, and simplex viruses (which cause cold sores and genital herpes). (naturalpedia.com)