A subclass of enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from one compound to another. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 2.1.1.
Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Synthetic organic reactions that use reactions between unsaturated molecules to form cyclical products.
A plant genus of the family STERCULIACEAE. S. urens is the source of KARAYA GUM which is sometimes called Indian tragacanth, which is different from the true TRAGACANTH which comes from ASTRAGALUS GUMMIFER.
Fractionation of a vaporized sample as a consequence of partition between a mobile gaseous phase and a stationary phase held in a column. Two types are gas-solid chromatography, where the fixed phase is a solid, and gas-liquid, in which the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid supported on an inert solid matrix.
Enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of a carbon-carbon bond by means other than hydrolysis or oxidation. This subclass contains the DECARBOXYLASES, the ALDEHYDE-LYASES, and the OXO-ACID-LYASES. EC 4.1.
A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.
Agents that are capable of inducing a total or partial loss of sensation, especially tactile sensation and pain. They may act to induce general ANESTHESIA, in which an unconscious state is achieved, or may act locally to induce numbness or lack of sensation at a targeted site.
A metallic element with the atomic symbol Ir, atomic number 77, and atomic weight 192.22.
Changing an open-chain hydrocarbon to a closed ring. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
The study of the structure, preparation, properties, and reactions of carbon compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Any chemical species which accepts an electron-pair from a LEWIS BASE in a chemical bonding reaction.
The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.
Toxic glycolipids composed of trehalose dimycolate derivatives. They are produced by MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS and other species of MYCOBACTERIUM. They induce cellular dysfunction in animals.
The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that occurs in soil, fecal matter, and sewage. It is an opportunistic pathogen and causes cystitis and pyelonephritis.
A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. NITROUS OXIDE is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p178)
Inorganic salts of thiosulfuric acid possessing the general formula R2S2O3.
GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS in which one of the two acyl chains is attached to glycerol with an ether alkenyl linkage instead of an ester as with the other glycerophospholipids.
A group of compounds that are derivatives of octadecanoic acid which is one of the most abundant fatty acids found in animal lipids. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.
Unsaturated hydrocarbons of the type Cn-H2n, indicated by the suffix -ene. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p408)
Physiologic methyl radical donor involved in enzymatic transmethylation reactions and present in all living organisms. It possesses anti-inflammatory activity and has been used in treatment of chronic liver disease. (From Merck, 11th ed)

A-Current down-modulated by sigma receptor in frog pituitary melanotrope cells through a G protein-dependent pathway. (1/637)

Gramicidin perforated patch-clamp recordings were used to study the effects of two sigma 1 receptor ligands, (+)-N-cyclopropylmethyl-N-methyl-1, 4-diphenyl-1-ethyl-but-3-en-1-ylamine hydrochloride (JO 1784) and (+)-pentazocine, on the transient outward potassium current (IA) in cultured frog melanotrope cells. (+)-Pentazocine reversibly decreased the current amplitude in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of (+)-pentazocine were mimicked by JO 1784 and were markedly reduced by the sigma 1 receptor antagonist, N, N-dipropyl-2-[4-methoxy-3-2(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-ethylamine monohydrochloride (NE 100). Inactivation rate of IA was best fitted with a double exponential function, yielding time constants of 23.7 and 112.5 ms. (+)-Pentazocine (20 microM) accelerated the current decay, decreasing the time constants to 10.7 and 59 ms, respectively. Current-voltage experiments revealed that (+)-pentazocine (20 microM) did neither modify the open-state I/V curves nor the voltage dependence of IA. However, (+)-pentazocine (20 microM) shifted the steady-state inactivation curve toward more negative potentials and increased the time constant of the time-dependent removal of inactivation. In whole-cell experiments, internal dialysis of guanosine-5'-O-(3-thiophosphate) (100 microM) irreversibly prolonged the response to (+)-pentazocine. In addition, cholera toxin pretreatment (1 microgram. ml-1; 12 h) suppressed the inhibition of IA by (+)-pentazocine (20 microM). It is concluded that in frog melanotrope cells, a cholera toxin-sensitive, G protein-dependent inhibition of IA through a sigma 1 receptor activation, at least partially, underlies the excitatory effect of sigma ligands.  (+info)

Antagonist pharmacology of metabotropic glutamate receptors coupled to phospholipase D activation in adult rat hippocampus: focus on (2R,1'S,2'R,3'S)-2-(2'-carboxy-3'-phenylcyclopropyl)glycine versus 3, 5-dihydroxyphenylglycine. (2/637)

Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors coupled to phospholipase D (PLD) appear to be distinct from any known mGlu receptor subtype linked to phospholipase C or adenylyl cyclase. The availability of antagonists is necessary for understanding the role of these receptors in the central nervous system, but selective ligands have not yet been identified. In a previous report, we observed that 3, 5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (3,5-DHPG) inhibits the PLD response induced by (1S,3R)-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylate in adult rat hippocampal slices. We now show that the antagonist action of 3, 5-DHPG (IC50 = 70 microM) was noncompetitive in nature and nonselective, because the drug was also able to reduce PLD activation elicited by 100 microM norepinephrine and 1 mM histamine. In the search for a selective and more potent antagonist, we examined the effects of sixteen stereoisomers of 2-(2'-carboxy-3'-phenylcyclopropyl)glycine (PCCG) on the PLD-specific transphosphatidylation reaction resulting in the formation of [3H]phosphatidylethanol. The (2R,1'S,2'R,3'S)-PCCG stereoisomer (PCCG-13) antagonized the formation of [3H]phosphatidylethanol induced by 100 microM (1S, 3R)-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylate in a dose-dependent manner and with a much lower IC50 value (25 nM) compared with 3,5-DHPG. In addition, increasing concentrations of PCCG-13 were able to shift to the right the agonist dose-response curve but had no effect when tested on other receptors coupled to PLD. The potent, selective, and competitive antagonist PCCG-13 may represent an important tool for elucidating the role of PLD-coupled mGlu receptors in adult hippocampus.  (+info)

Dual mechanism for presynaptic modulation by axonal metabotropic glutamate receptor at the mouse mossy fibre-CA3 synapse. (3/637)

1. To investigate mechanisms responsible for the presynaptic inhibitory action mediated by the axonal group II metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) at the mossy fibre-CA3 synapse, we used a quantitative fluorescence measurement of presynaptic Ca2+ in mouse hippocampal slices. 2. Bath application of the group II mGluR-specific agonist (2S,1'R,2'R,3'R)-2-(2, 3-dicarboxycyclopropyl)glycine (DCG-IV, 1 microM) reversibly suppressed the presynaptic Ca2+ influx (to 55.2 +/- 4.6 % of control, n = 5) as well as field EPSPs recorded simultaneously (to 3.1 +/- 2.0%). Presynaptic fibre volley was not affected by 1 microM DCG-IV. 3. A quantitative analysis of the inhibition of presynaptic Ca2+ influx and field EPSP suggested that DCG-IV suppressed the field EPSP to a greater extent than would be expected if the suppression were solely due to a decrease in the presynaptic Ca2+ influx. 4. DCG-IV at 1 microM suppressed the mean frequency (to 73.8 +/- 3.9% of control, n = 11), but not the mean amplitude (to 97.0 +/- 3.5%), of miniature EPSCs recorded from CA3 neurones using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. 5. These results suggest that group II mGluR-mediated suppression is due both to a reduction of presynaptic Ca2+ influx and downregulation of the subsequent exocytotic machinery.  (+info)

Linkers designed to intercalate the double helix greatly facilitate DNA alkylation by triplex-forming oligonucleotides carrying a cyclopropapyrroloindole reactive moiety. (4/637)

Triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) bind sequence-specifically in the major groove of double-stranded DNA. Cyclopropapyrroloindole (CPI), the electrophilic moiety that comprises the reactive subunit of the antibiotic CC-1065, gives hybridization-triggered alkylation at the N-3 position of adenines when bound in the minor groove of double-stranded DNA. In order to attain TFO-directed targeting of CPI, we designed and tested linkers to 'thread' DNA from the major groove-bound TFO to the minor groove binding site of CPI. Placement of an aromatic ring in the linker significantly enhanced the site-directed reaction, possibly due to a 'threading' mechanism where the aromatic ring is intercalated. All of the linkers containing aromatic rings provided efficient alkylation of the duplex target. The linker containing an acridine ring system, the strongest intercalator in the series, gave a small but clearly detectable amount of non-TFO-specific alkylation. An equivalent-length linker without an aromatic ring was very inefficient in DNA target alkylation.  (+info)

The sigma ligand, igmesine, inhibits cholera toxin and Escherichia coli enterotoxin induced jejunal secretion in the rat. (5/637)

BACKGROUND: Cholera toxin, and Escherichia coli heat labile (LT) and heat stable (STa) enterotoxins induce small intestinal secretion in part by activating enteric nerves. Igmesine is a novel sigma receptor ligand that inhibits neurally mediated secretion. AIMS: To assess the antisecretory potential of igmesine in cholera toxin, LT, and STa induced water and electrolyte secretion using an in vivo rat model of jejunal perfusion. METHODS: After pretreatment with igmesine, 0.03-10 mg/kg intravenously, jejunal segments of anaesthetised, adult male Wistar rats were incubated with cholera toxin (25 microg), LT (25 microg), or saline. Jejunal perfusion with a plasma electrolyte solution containing a non-absorbable marker was undertaken. In some cases 200 microg/l STa was added to the perfusate. After equilibration, net water and electrolyte movement was determined. In additional experiments rats received igmesine, intravenously or intrajejunally, after exposure to cholera toxin. RESULTS: Cholera toxin induced net water secretion was inhibited by 1 mg/kg igmesine (median -120 versus -31 microl/min/g, p<0.001). LT and STa induced secretion were also inhibited by 1 mg/kg igmesine (-90 versus -56, p<0.03; and -76 versus -29, p<0.01, respectively). Igmesine reduced established cholera toxin induced secretion. CONCLUSION: The sigma ligand, igmesine, inhibits neurally mediated enterotoxigenic secretion. Its ability to inhibit established secretion makes it an agent with therapeutic potential.  (+info)

Kinetics of opiate receptor inactivation by sulfhydryl reagents: evidence for conformational change in presence of sodium ions. (6/637)

The role of SH groups in opiate-receptor interactions has been further examined. In activation by N-ethylmaleimide of sterospecific opiate binding by rat brain membrane fractions follows pseudo-first order kinetics and exhibits strong temperature dependence. The kinetics indicate that alkylation of a single SH group suffices to block opiate binding. Considerable protection from SH group inactivation is observed when treatment with N-ethylmaleimide is carried out in the presence of an opiate or an antagonist, suggesting close proximity of the SH group to the opiate binding site. The rate of inactivation of receptor binding by N-ethylmaleimide is markedly slower in buffers containing 100 mM NaCl (t1/2 equals 30 plus or minus 1.4 min) than in sodium-free buffers (t1/2 equals 10 plus or minus 1.0 min). Since the rate of alkylation of model SH compounds is unaffected by sodium ions, this protection seems best explained by a conformational change in the receptors that renders the SH groups less accessible to alkylation. The rate of inactivation is not affected by K+, Rb+, or Cs+ and only slightly by Li+. This cation specificity as well as the concentration-response to Na+ are remarkably similar to those previously shown to lead to increased antagonist and decreased agonist binding. We suggest that the same conformational change is involved in the two phenomena.  (+info)

Production of 6-deoxy-13-cyclopropyl-erythromycin B by Saccharopolyspora erythraea NRRL 18643. (7/637)

Cyclopropane carboxylic acid was fed to Saccharopolyspora erythraea NRRL 18643 (6-deoxyerythromycin producer), resulting in the production of 6-deoxy-13-cyclopropyl-erythromycin B. These studies provide further evidence that deoxyerythronolide B synthase has a relaxed specificity for the starter unit.  (+info)

Adenosine A1 and class II metabotropic glutamate receptors mediate shared presynaptic inhibition of retinotectal transmission. (8/637)

Presynaptic inhibition is one of the major control mechanisms in the CNS. Previously we reported that adenosine A1 receptors mediate presynaptic inhibition at the retinotectal synapse of goldfish. Here we extend these findings to metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and report that presynaptic inhibition produced by both A1 adenosine receptors and group II mGluRs is due to G(i) protein coupling to inhibition of N-type calcium channels in the retinal ganglion cells. Adenosine (100 microM) and an A1 (but not A2) receptor agonist reduced calcium current (I(Ca2+)) by 16-19% in cultured retinal ganglion cells, consistent with their inhibition of retinotectal synaptic transmission (-30% amplitude of field potentials). The general metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonist 1S,3R-1-amino-cyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (1S,3R-ACPD, 50 microM) and the selective group II mGluR receptor agonist (2S, 2'R,3'R)-2-(2',3'-dicarboxy-cyclopropyl)glycine (DCG-IV, 300 nM) inhibited both synaptic transmission and I(Ca2+), whereas the group III mGluR agonist L-2-amino-4-phosphono-butyrate (L-AP4) inhibited neither synaptic transmission nor I(Ca2+). When the N-type calcium channels were blocked with omega-conotoxin GVIA, both adenosine and DCG-IV had much smaller percentage effects on the residual 20% of I(Ca2+), suggesting effects mainly on the N-type calcium channels. The inhibitory effects of A1 adenosine receptors and mGluRs were both blocked by pertussis toxin, indicating that they are mediated by either G(i) or G(o). They were also inhibited by activation of protein kinase C (PKC), which is known to phosphorylate and inhibit G(i). Finally, when applied sequentially, inhibition by adenosine and DCG-IV were not additive but occluded each other. Together these results suggest that adenosine A1 receptors and group II mGluRs mediate presynaptic inhibition of retinotectal synaptic transmission by sharing a pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive, PKC-regulated G(i) protein coupled to N-type calcium channels.  (+info)

Several cyclopropane fatty acids are known. Owing to the increased π-character of its C-C bonds, cyclopropane can react like an ... Cyclopropane derivatives are numerous. Many biomolecules and pharmaceutical drugs feature the cyclopropane ring. Famous example ... Substituted cyclopropanes also react, following Markovnikov's rule. Substituted cyclopropanes can oxidatively add to transition ... Tetrahedrane contains four fused cyclopropane rings that form the faces of a tetrahedron Propellane contains three cyclopropane ...
Substituents on the cyclopropane affect the course of its activation. The first example of cyclopropane being activated by a ... "Rhodium Catalyzed Transformation of 4-Pentynyl Cyclopropanes to Bicyclo[4.3.0]nonenones via Cleavage of Cyclopropane Ring". ... The electrophile Cp*Ir(PMe3)(Me)OTf reacts with cyclopropane to give the allyl complex: Cp*Ir(PMe3)(Me)OTf + C3H6 → [Cp*Ir(PMe3 ... Being highly strained, cyclopropanes are prone to oxidative addition to transition metal complexes. The resulting metallacycles ...
... s (CPA) are a subgroup of fatty acids that contain a cyclopropane group. Although they are usually rare ... The methylene donor is a methyl group on S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). The conversion is catalyzed by cyclopropane-fatty-acyl- ... doi:10.1021/jf00030a009 Grogan DW, Cronan JE Jr: Cyclopropane ring formation in membrane lipids of bacteria" Microbiol Mol Biol ... "Biosynthesis and Metabolism of Cyclopropane Rings in Natural Compounds" Chem. Rev., 2003, volume 103, pp 1625-1648. doi:10.1021 ...
... cyclopropane synthase, cyclopropane fatty acid synthase, cyclopropane fatty acid synthetase, and CFA synthase. As of late 2007 ... In enzymology, a cyclopropane-fatty-acyl-phospholipid synthase (EC 2.1.1.79) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ... Zalkin H, Law JH; Goldfine H (1963). "Enzymatic synthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids catalyzed by bacterial extracts". J. Biol ... Chung AE, Law JH (1964). "Cyclopropane fatty acid synthetase: Partial purification and properties". Biochemistry. 3 (7): 967- ...
Walborsky, H. M. (1964). "Cyclopropanes. XV. The Optical Stability of 1-Methyl-2,2-diphenylcyclopropyllithium". Journal of the ...
They found that the reaction temperature could be lowered drastically when the cyclopropane ring contained a dithiane group. ... A reinvestigation of the pyrolysis of trans-1-methyl-2-(1-tert-butylethenyl)cyclopropane". Journal of the American Chemical ... Schlag, E. W.; Rabinovitch, B. S. (1960). "Kinetics of the Thermal Unimolecular Isomerization Reactions of Cyclopropane-d2". J ... Thermal Interconversionof 2,3-Dihydrofuran and Cyclopropane Aldehyde". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 69 (18): 3002. doi:10.1021/ja01204a020 ...
"Trifluoromethyl-substituted cyclopropanes". Tetrahedron. 67 (5): 803-823. doi:10.1016/j.tet.2010.11.068. Chernykh, Anton V.; ...
A Furukawa-modified Simmons-Smith generated cyclopropane intermediate is formed in the synthesis of γ-keto esters from β-keto ... Howard Ensign Simmons Jr.; Smith, R.D. (1958). "A New Synthesis of Cyclopropanes from Olefins". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80 (19): 5323 ... Simmons, H.E.; Smith, R.D. (1959). "A New Synthesis of Cyclopropanes". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81 (16): 4256-4264. doi:10.1021/ ... The specificity of these reagents allow cyclopropanes to be placed in poly-unsaturated systems that zinc-based reagents will ...
Rickborn, Bruce; Wood, Stanley E. (1971). "Cleavage of cyclopropanes by diborane". Journal of the American Chemical Society. ...
Robert J. Rawson, Ian T. Harrison (1970). "A Convenient Procedure for the Methylenation of Olefins to Cyclopropanes". J. Org. ... Devarda's alloy Organozinc compound Howard H. Simmons, Ronald D. Smith (1959). "A New Synthesis of Cyclopropanes". J. Am. Chem ... 5, p. 855 Eugene LeGoff (1964). "Cyclopropanes from an Easily Prepared, Highly Active Zinc-Copper Couple, Dibromomethane, and ...
... cyclopropanes and cyclopropanation. In the example below, cuprate addition-elimination generates the transient enone 1, which ...
Gassman, Paul G.; Johnson, Thomas H. (1976-09-01). "Cyclopropane-olefin cross metathesis". Journal of the American Chemical ...
Cyclopropane: an early anesthetic. Delucemine: also an SSRI with neuroprotective properties. Desflurane: an inhalational ...
A well-known reagent employed for alkene-to-cyclopropane reactions is Simmons-Smith reagent. This reagent is a system of copper ... Carbenes add to double bonds to form cyclopropanes. A concerted mechanism is available for singlet carbenes. Triplet carbenes ... In 1912 Hermann Staudinger also converted alkenes to cyclopropanes with diazomethane and CH2 as an intermediate. Doering in ...
It leaves epoxides unaffected, but affects cyclopropanes occasionally. Most esters are stable to Ni2B, except for benzylic, ...
Misani, Fernanda; Speers, Louise; Lyon, A. M. (June 1956). "Synthetic Studies in the Field of Fluorinated Cyclopropanes". ... cyclopropane 2967-53-5 bis(trifluoromethyl) 2-fluoro-vinylamine 25211-47-6 2-Fluoro-1,3-butadiene 381-61-3 ...
For example, [3]rotane is a branched [4]triangulane; it consists of one additional cyclopropane attached to the central ring of ... A triangulane is a hydrocarbon consisting of a series of spiro-linked cyclopropane rings. The systematic naming pattern for ... Chains consisting of four or more cyclopropane units-[4]triangulane and higher-can form chiral helices. This property is ... v t e (Hydrocarbons, Cyclopropanes, Spiro compounds, All stub articles, Hydrocarbon stubs). ...
Yano, I.; Morris, L. J.; Nichols, B. W.; Jams, A. T. (1972). "The biosynthesis of cyclopropane and cyclopropene fatty acids in ... Synthesis of cyclopropane and cyclopropene fatty acids by seedlings". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 18 ( ... Hooper and Law demonstrated that the ring methylene carbon of both cyclopropane and cyclopropene acids was derived from the ... demonstrated the co-occurrence of malvalic acid and the corresponding cyclopropane acids in several types of seeds. He ...
The simplest such chemical, [3]rotane, consists solely of a branched array of spiro-cyclopropane units, and is thus a branched ... A rotane is a hydrocarbon consisting of a central cycloalkane ring with cyclopropane units spiro-linked to each corner. The ... v t e (Hydrocarbons, Cyclopropanes, Spiro compounds, All stub articles, Hydrocarbon stubs). ... "New structurally interesting cyclopropane derivatives. A world of wonders and surprises" (PDF). Pure Appl. Chem. 75 (5): 549- ...
... angle found in cyclopropane. As with cyclopropane, the carbon-carbon bonding in the ring has increased p character: the alkene ... Methods of Organic Chemistry - Cyclopropanes, Authors Index, Compound Index. Vol. E 17d. Stuttgart, New York: George Thieme ...
This colorless gas is the monomethyl derivative of cyclopropane. Methylcyclopropane, like many other cyclopropanes, undergoes ...
Intramolecular reactions of diazocarbonyl compounds provide access to cyclopropanes. In the Buchner ring expansion diazo ...
... because once the cyclopropane, the reactant, is excited by collision it becomes an energized cyclopropane. And then, this ... An example of isomerization by a Lindemann mechanism is the isomerization of cyclopropane. cyclo−C3H6 → CH3−CH=CH2 Although it ... ISBN 0-471-03558-0. McNesby, James R.; Gordon, Alvin S. (1 September 1956). "Mechanism of the Isomerization of Cyclopropane". ...
It is a cyclopropane fatty acid; these have been found in many plants of the order Malvales (Malvaceae), in up to 60% of seed ... Biochem J 1962;82:385-9. PMC 1243468 "Natural alicyclic fatty acids, section:Cyclopropane and Cyclopropene Fatty Acids from ...
Faust, Rüdiger (2001). "Fascinating Natural and Artificial Cyclopropane Architectures". Angewandte Chemie International Edition ...
Sydnes, Leiv K. (2003-04-01). "Allenes from Cyclopropanes and Their Use in Organic SynthesisRecent Developments". Chemical ...
... whereas the trans isomer exclusively yields the trans cyclopropane. Cyclopropanes can be generated using a sulphur ylide in the ... Cyclopropane fatty acids are derived from the attack of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) on unsaturated fatty acids. The precursor to ... Cyclopropanes can be obtained by a variety of intramolecular cyclisation reactions. A simple method is to use primary ... The thermal route, which often uses KOH and platinum as catalysts, is also known as the Kishner cyclopropane synthesis after ...
The final product is a vinyl cyclopropane. Note: ee stands for enantiomeric excess In situ second step reaction of boronate ...
Bonds in strained small rings (such as cyclopropane or epoxide) are not well-described by strict σ/π separation, as bonding ... Due to the partial π character of formally σ bonds in a cyclopropane ring, evidence for transmission of "conjugation" through ... Stewart, John Mathews; Pagenkopf, Gordon K. (January 1969). "Transmission of conjugation by the cyclopropane ring". The Journal ... cyclopropanes has also been obtained. Two appropriately aligned π systems whose ends meet at right angles can engage in ...
... is an organic compound consisting of a nitrile group as a substituent on a cyclopropane ring. It is the ... Luckraft; Robinson (1973). "Kinetics of the reactions of cyclopropane derivatives. III. Gas-phase unimolecular isomerization of ...
... Notice:The structure could not be displayed here becuse JavaScript and a ...
EP-0043949-B1 chemical patent summary.
The ACC gene encodes for the carnation 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase which is required for normal ...
1-phenyl-1-diethyl-aminocarbonyl-2-aminomethyl-cyclopropane(Z) hydrochloride, was undertaken to determine its biochemical ... The present study of midalcipran (F 2207), 1-phenyl-1-diethyl-aminocarbonyl-2-aminomethyl-cyclopropane(Z) hydrochloride, was ... Biochemical profile of midalcipran (F 2207), 1-phenyl-1-diethyl-aminocarbonyl-2-aminomethyl-cyclopropane (Z) hydrochloride, a ... Biochemical profile of midalcipran (F 2207), 1-phenyl-1-diethyl-aminocarbonyl-2-aminomethyl-cyclopropane (Z) hydrochloride, a ...
Cyclopropane cation. [CH2(CH2CH2)]+ (g). 1022.3. 1006.8. ± 1.6. kJ/mol. 42.0792 ±. 0.0024. 34496-93-0*0. ... Cyclopropane. CH2(CH2CH2) (l). 41.41. 35.72. ± 0.53. kJ/mol. 42.0797 ±. 0.0024. 75-19-4*500. ... Cyclopropane. CH2(CH2CH2) (g). 70.97. 53.84. ± 0.40. kJ/mol. 42.0797 ±. 0.0024. 75-19-4*0. ...
Tags:Benzyl group, Chemistry, Cyclopropanation, cyclopropane products, Cyclopropanes, Interesting chemistry, Nuclear magnetic ... Here I take a look at the NMR spectra of the resulting cyclopropane products, with an evaluation of the original stereochemical ...
Reactions of Cyclopropane. Some small cycloalkanes, including cyclopropane, behave differently than alkanes. A UV-induced ... Cyclopropanes are formed when sulfur ylides react with enones.. Cyclopropanation. Wurtz Reaction. It produces a simple dimer as ... When bromine is added to cyclopropane, for instance, tribromopropane is formed. If light is present, this can still happen - ... It is very difficult to burn cyclopropane because the ring gets strained, resulting in rupture. When the carbon makes four ...
Cyclopropanes that carry an electron-accepting group react as electrophiles in polar, ring-opening reactions. Analogous ... Consequently, functionalized cyclopropanes are frequently used building blocks in organic synthesis. The polarization of the C1 ... Interestingly, cyclopropanes with aryl substituents at the C2 position reacted faster than their unsubstituted analogues. ... The experimentally determined second-order rate constants k 2 for cyclopropane ring-opening reactions were then compared to ...
The cyclopropane ring is planar. The substituted C will be $\mathrm{sp^3}$ hybridised (tetrahedral). If you consider two of the ... Is my reasoning on the right track, or is there something unique about the chiral or achiral nature of cyclopropanes such as ... A classmate an I were discussing the chirality of this molecule which is a monosubsituted cyclopropane. I argue this is an ... during my degree in an organic chemistry piece of work for this very explantation of the planarity of the carbons in cyclo-propanes ...
Synthesis of cyclopropanes through gold-catalyzed [2 + 1] cycloaddition of allenamides with sulfoxonium ylides.. Hong, Tong; ... hindrance between the sulfonamide group and the gold catalyst determined the major configuration of the formed cis-cyclopropane ...
Cyclopropanes / administration & dosage * Cyclopropanes / pharmacokinetics * Drug Therapy, Combination / methods * Female * ...
You are viewing an interactive 3D depiction of the molecule (1R,2R)-1-methyl-2-[(E)-4-methylpent-1-enyl]cyclopropane (C10H18) from the PQR.
Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is one of the porphyrias, a group of diseases involving defects in heme metabolism and that results in excessive secretion of porphyrins and porphyrin precursors. AIP manifests itself by abdomen pain, neuropathies, and constipation, but, unlike most types of porphyria, patients with AIP do not have a rash.
The enzyme binds only to vesicles of phospholipids which contain either unsaturated or cyclopropane fatty acid moieties. CFA ... The cyclopropane fatty acid (CFA) synthase of Escherichia coli catalyzes the methylenation of the unsaturated moieties of ... The cyclopropane fatty acid (CFA) synthase of Escherichia coli catalyzes the methylenation of the unsaturated moieties of ... Cyclopropane fatty acid synthase of Escherichia coli. Stabilization, purification, and interaction with phospholipid vesicles. ...
Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is one of the porphyrias, a group of diseases involving defects in heme metabolism and that results in excessive secretion of porphyrins and porphyrin precursors. AIP manifests itself by abdomen pain, neuropathies, and constipation, but, unlike most types of porphyria, patients with AIP do not have a rash.
Cyclopropane, C3H6 has a three-membered hydrocarbon ring structure. It undergoes rearrangement to propene. At 1000oC, the first ... Cyclopropane, C 3 H 6 has a three-membered hydrocarbon ring structure. It undergoes rearrangement to propene. At 1000 o C, the ... Cyclopropane, C3H6 has a three-membered hydrocarbon ring structure. It undergoes rearrangement to propene. At 1000oC, the first ... b) What percent of the original concentration of cyclopropane will remain after 4 half-lives? ...
LOW-TEMPERATURE C-13 NMR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE IN SOLIDS .4. CYCLOPROPANE, BICYCLO[1.1.0]BUTANE AND [1.1.1] PROPELLANE Journal ...
Drugs that increase the arrhythmogenic potential of epinephrine include beta blockers, cyclopropane and halogenated hydrocarbon ...
Nevirapine and efavirenz are nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors used in antiretroviral regimens to treat HIV infection. Therapeutic drug monitoring in patients on antiretroviral regimens that include these agents has been suggested to be beneficial in terms of efficacy and toxicity. Vari …
Categories: Cyclopropanes Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, CopyrightRestricted 1 ...
MeSH Terms: Alkynes; Animals; Benzoxazines/adverse effects*; CD36 Antigens/physiology; Cholesterol/biosynthesis; Cyclopropanes ...
hydrocarbon: Cycloalkanes: …and imposes considerable strain (called angle strain) on cyclopropane. Cyclopropane is further ...
Alkynyl Benziodoxolones and Cyclopropanes: Umpolung of Acetylenes and Synthesis of Alkaloids Org.: Andreas Zumbuehl ... From Donor-Acceptor-Substituted Cyclopropanes to Pd-mediated Reactions with Carbohydrates Org.: Stefan Matile ...
2-dimethyl-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl) -2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; trans - 3 ... cis-dibromovinyl-dimethyl cyclopropane carboxylic acid cis-dichlorovinyl-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid Chloro-dihydro- ... 2,2 dibromovinyl) -2,2-dimethyl cyclo propane-1-carboxylic acid), herbicides (acetochlor mercapturate; alachlor mercapturate; ...
Autoignition points for fuels and chemicals like butane, coke, hydrogen, petroleum and more.
Synthesis of Pyrazolidines via GaCl3-Catalyzed Insertion of Diazines into Cyclopropanes * Full Text ...
  • Synthesis of cyclopropanes through gold-catalyzed [2 + 1] cycloaddition of allenamides with sulfoxonium ylides. (bvsalud.org)
  • 10. (Z)-1,1-dichloro-2-(4-benzyloxyphenyl)-2,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)cyclopropane: the synthesis and enantiomeric separation of an antitumor agent. (nih.gov)
  • 12. Palladium-catalyzed arylation of cyclopropanes via directing group-mediated C(sp3)-H bond activation to construct quaternary carbon centers: synthesis of cis- and trans-1,1,2-trisubstituted chiral cyclopropanes. (nih.gov)
  • 17. Synthesis of Vinyl Cyclopropanes via Anion Relay Cyclization. (nih.gov)
  • Drugs that increase the arrhythmogenic potential of epinephrine include beta blockers, cyclopropane and halogenated hydrocarbon anesthetics, antihistamines, exogenous thyroid hormones, diuretics, and cardiac glycosides. (nih.gov)
  • Are monosubstituted cyclopropanes achiral or chiral? (stackexchange.com)
  • Is my reasoning on the right track, or is there something unique about the chiral or achiral nature of cyclopropanes such as these. (stackexchange.com)
  • The ACC gene encodes for the carnation 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase which is required for normal ethylene biosynthesis which affects the rate of ripening in plants. (cbd.int)
  • Cyclopropane fatty acid synthase of Escherichia coli. (jax.org)
  • The cyclopropane fatty acid (CFA) synthase of Escherichia coli catalyzes the methylenation of the unsaturated moieties of phospholipids in a phospholipid bilayer. (jax.org)
  • A UV-induced substitution reaction occurs with cyclopropane as it does with non-cyclic alkanes. (pharmaguideline.com)
  • Addition reaction of halogen (leading to ring opening) - Dark reactions of cyclopropane with bromine and chlorine produce addition products. (pharmaguideline.com)
  • Addition reaction of halogen (leading to ring opening) - Chromate and bromine react with cyclopropane in the dark to form addition products. (pharmaguideline.com)
  • The steric hindrance between the sulfonamide group and the gold catalyst determined the major configuration of the formed cis-cyclopropane product. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here I take a look at the NMR spectra of the resulting cyclopropane products, with an evaluation of the original stereochemical assignments. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • b) What percent of the original concentration of cyclopropane will remain after 4 half-lives? (perfectcourseworkhelp.com)