Methyltransferases
Fatty Acids
Cycloaddition Reaction
Sterculia
Chromatography, Gas
Fractionation of a vaporized sample as a consequence of partition between a mobile gaseous phase and a stationary phase held in a column. Two types are gas-solid chromatography, where the fixed phase is a solid, and gas-liquid, in which the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid supported on an inert solid matrix.
Carbon-Carbon Lyases
Ether
Anesthetics
Cyclization
Chemistry, Organic
Lewis Acids
Molecular Structure
Cord Factors
Stereoisomerism
Proteus vulgaris
Halothane
A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. NITROUS OXIDE is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p178)
Plasmalogens
Stearic Acids
Phospholipids
Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.
Alkenes
S-Adenosylmethionine
Base Sequence
Programming, Linear
A technique of operations research for solving certain kinds of problems involving many variables where a best value or set of best values is to be found. It is most likely to be feasible when the quantity to be optimized, sometimes called the objective function, can be stated as a mathematical expression in terms of the various activities within the system, and when this expression is simply proportional to the measure of the activities, i.e., is linear, and when all the restrictions are also linear. It is different from computer programming, although problems using linear programming techniques may be programmed on a computer.
Purines
European Union
The collective designation of three organizations with common membership: the European Economic Community (Common Market), the European Coal and Steel Community, and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom). It was known as the European Community until 1994. It is primarily an economic union with the principal objectives of free movement of goods, capital, and labor. Professional services, social, medical and paramedical, are subsumed under labor. The constituent countries are Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. (The World Almanac and Book of Facts 1997, p842)
Industry
Leishmania infantum
A parasitic hemoflagellate of the subgenus Leishmania leishmania that infects man and animals and causes visceral leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL). Human infections are confined almost entirely to children. This parasite is commonly seen in dogs, other Canidae, and porcupines with humans considered only an accidental host. Transmission is by Phlebotomus sandflies.
Fatty Acid Synthases
Leishmania braziliensis
A parasitic hemoflagellate of the subgenus Leishmania viannia that infects man and animals. It causes cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS) depending on the subspecies of this organism. The sandfly, Lutzomyia, is the vector. The Leishmania braziliensis complex includes the subspecies braziliensis and peruviana. Uta, a form of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the New World, is caused by the subspecies peruviana.
Electronic Mail
Messages between computer users via COMPUTER COMMUNICATION NETWORKS. This feature duplicates most of the features of paper mail, such as forwarding, multiple copies, and attachments of images and other file types, but with a speed advantage. The term also refers to an individual message sent in this way.
Chemistry, Physical
Quantum Theory
Synchrotrons
Physicochemical Phenomena
Physics
A-Current down-modulated by sigma receptor in frog pituitary melanotrope cells through a G protein-dependent pathway. (1/637)
Gramicidin perforated patch-clamp recordings were used to study the effects of two sigma 1 receptor ligands, (+)-N-cyclopropylmethyl-N-methyl-1, 4-diphenyl-1-ethyl-but-3-en-1-ylamine hydrochloride (JO 1784) and (+)-pentazocine, on the transient outward potassium current (IA) in cultured frog melanotrope cells. (+)-Pentazocine reversibly decreased the current amplitude in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of (+)-pentazocine were mimicked by JO 1784 and were markedly reduced by the sigma 1 receptor antagonist, N, N-dipropyl-2-[4-methoxy-3-2(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]-ethylamine monohydrochloride (NE 100). Inactivation rate of IA was best fitted with a double exponential function, yielding time constants of 23.7 and 112.5 ms. (+)-Pentazocine (20 microM) accelerated the current decay, decreasing the time constants to 10.7 and 59 ms, respectively. Current-voltage experiments revealed that (+)-pentazocine (20 microM) did neither modify the open-state I/V curves nor the voltage dependence of IA. However, (+)-pentazocine (20 microM) shifted the steady-state inactivation curve toward more negative potentials and increased the time constant of the time-dependent removal of inactivation. In whole-cell experiments, internal dialysis of guanosine-5'-O-(3-thiophosphate) (100 microM) irreversibly prolonged the response to (+)-pentazocine. In addition, cholera toxin pretreatment (1 microgram. ml-1; 12 h) suppressed the inhibition of IA by (+)-pentazocine (20 microM). It is concluded that in frog melanotrope cells, a cholera toxin-sensitive, G protein-dependent inhibition of IA through a sigma 1 receptor activation, at least partially, underlies the excitatory effect of sigma ligands. (+info)Antagonist pharmacology of metabotropic glutamate receptors coupled to phospholipase D activation in adult rat hippocampus: focus on (2R,1'S,2'R,3'S)-2-(2'-carboxy-3'-phenylcyclopropyl)glycine versus 3, 5-dihydroxyphenylglycine. (2/637)
Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors coupled to phospholipase D (PLD) appear to be distinct from any known mGlu receptor subtype linked to phospholipase C or adenylyl cyclase. The availability of antagonists is necessary for understanding the role of these receptors in the central nervous system, but selective ligands have not yet been identified. In a previous report, we observed that 3, 5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (3,5-DHPG) inhibits the PLD response induced by (1S,3R)-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylate in adult rat hippocampal slices. We now show that the antagonist action of 3, 5-DHPG (IC50 = 70 microM) was noncompetitive in nature and nonselective, because the drug was also able to reduce PLD activation elicited by 100 microM norepinephrine and 1 mM histamine. In the search for a selective and more potent antagonist, we examined the effects of sixteen stereoisomers of 2-(2'-carboxy-3'-phenylcyclopropyl)glycine (PCCG) on the PLD-specific transphosphatidylation reaction resulting in the formation of [3H]phosphatidylethanol. The (2R,1'S,2'R,3'S)-PCCG stereoisomer (PCCG-13) antagonized the formation of [3H]phosphatidylethanol induced by 100 microM (1S, 3R)-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylate in a dose-dependent manner and with a much lower IC50 value (25 nM) compared with 3,5-DHPG. In addition, increasing concentrations of PCCG-13 were able to shift to the right the agonist dose-response curve but had no effect when tested on other receptors coupled to PLD. The potent, selective, and competitive antagonist PCCG-13 may represent an important tool for elucidating the role of PLD-coupled mGlu receptors in adult hippocampus. (+info)Dual mechanism for presynaptic modulation by axonal metabotropic glutamate receptor at the mouse mossy fibre-CA3 synapse. (3/637)
1. To investigate mechanisms responsible for the presynaptic inhibitory action mediated by the axonal group II metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) at the mossy fibre-CA3 synapse, we used a quantitative fluorescence measurement of presynaptic Ca2+ in mouse hippocampal slices. 2. Bath application of the group II mGluR-specific agonist (2S,1'R,2'R,3'R)-2-(2, 3-dicarboxycyclopropyl)glycine (DCG-IV, 1 microM) reversibly suppressed the presynaptic Ca2+ influx (to 55.2 +/- 4.6 % of control, n = 5) as well as field EPSPs recorded simultaneously (to 3.1 +/- 2.0%). Presynaptic fibre volley was not affected by 1 microM DCG-IV. 3. A quantitative analysis of the inhibition of presynaptic Ca2+ influx and field EPSP suggested that DCG-IV suppressed the field EPSP to a greater extent than would be expected if the suppression were solely due to a decrease in the presynaptic Ca2+ influx. 4. DCG-IV at 1 microM suppressed the mean frequency (to 73.8 +/- 3.9% of control, n = 11), but not the mean amplitude (to 97.0 +/- 3.5%), of miniature EPSCs recorded from CA3 neurones using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. 5. These results suggest that group II mGluR-mediated suppression is due both to a reduction of presynaptic Ca2+ influx and downregulation of the subsequent exocytotic machinery. (+info)Linkers designed to intercalate the double helix greatly facilitate DNA alkylation by triplex-forming oligonucleotides carrying a cyclopropapyrroloindole reactive moiety. (4/637)
Triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) bind sequence-specifically in the major groove of double-stranded DNA. Cyclopropapyrroloindole (CPI), the electrophilic moiety that comprises the reactive subunit of the antibiotic CC-1065, gives hybridization-triggered alkylation at the N-3 position of adenines when bound in the minor groove of double-stranded DNA. In order to attain TFO-directed targeting of CPI, we designed and tested linkers to 'thread' DNA from the major groove-bound TFO to the minor groove binding site of CPI. Placement of an aromatic ring in the linker significantly enhanced the site-directed reaction, possibly due to a 'threading' mechanism where the aromatic ring is intercalated. All of the linkers containing aromatic rings provided efficient alkylation of the duplex target. The linker containing an acridine ring system, the strongest intercalator in the series, gave a small but clearly detectable amount of non-TFO-specific alkylation. An equivalent-length linker without an aromatic ring was very inefficient in DNA target alkylation. (+info)The sigma ligand, igmesine, inhibits cholera toxin and Escherichia coli enterotoxin induced jejunal secretion in the rat. (5/637)
BACKGROUND: Cholera toxin, and Escherichia coli heat labile (LT) and heat stable (STa) enterotoxins induce small intestinal secretion in part by activating enteric nerves. Igmesine is a novel sigma receptor ligand that inhibits neurally mediated secretion. AIMS: To assess the antisecretory potential of igmesine in cholera toxin, LT, and STa induced water and electrolyte secretion using an in vivo rat model of jejunal perfusion. METHODS: After pretreatment with igmesine, 0.03-10 mg/kg intravenously, jejunal segments of anaesthetised, adult male Wistar rats were incubated with cholera toxin (25 microg), LT (25 microg), or saline. Jejunal perfusion with a plasma electrolyte solution containing a non-absorbable marker was undertaken. In some cases 200 microg/l STa was added to the perfusate. After equilibration, net water and electrolyte movement was determined. In additional experiments rats received igmesine, intravenously or intrajejunally, after exposure to cholera toxin. RESULTS: Cholera toxin induced net water secretion was inhibited by 1 mg/kg igmesine (median -120 versus -31 microl/min/g, p<0.001). LT and STa induced secretion were also inhibited by 1 mg/kg igmesine (-90 versus -56, p<0.03; and -76 versus -29, p<0.01, respectively). Igmesine reduced established cholera toxin induced secretion. CONCLUSION: The sigma ligand, igmesine, inhibits neurally mediated enterotoxigenic secretion. Its ability to inhibit established secretion makes it an agent with therapeutic potential. (+info)Kinetics of opiate receptor inactivation by sulfhydryl reagents: evidence for conformational change in presence of sodium ions. (6/637)
The role of SH groups in opiate-receptor interactions has been further examined. In activation by N-ethylmaleimide of sterospecific opiate binding by rat brain membrane fractions follows pseudo-first order kinetics and exhibits strong temperature dependence. The kinetics indicate that alkylation of a single SH group suffices to block opiate binding. Considerable protection from SH group inactivation is observed when treatment with N-ethylmaleimide is carried out in the presence of an opiate or an antagonist, suggesting close proximity of the SH group to the opiate binding site. The rate of inactivation of receptor binding by N-ethylmaleimide is markedly slower in buffers containing 100 mM NaCl (t1/2 equals 30 plus or minus 1.4 min) than in sodium-free buffers (t1/2 equals 10 plus or minus 1.0 min). Since the rate of alkylation of model SH compounds is unaffected by sodium ions, this protection seems best explained by a conformational change in the receptors that renders the SH groups less accessible to alkylation. The rate of inactivation is not affected by K+, Rb+, or Cs+ and only slightly by Li+. This cation specificity as well as the concentration-response to Na+ are remarkably similar to those previously shown to lead to increased antagonist and decreased agonist binding. We suggest that the same conformational change is involved in the two phenomena. (+info)Production of 6-deoxy-13-cyclopropyl-erythromycin B by Saccharopolyspora erythraea NRRL 18643. (7/637)
Cyclopropane carboxylic acid was fed to Saccharopolyspora erythraea NRRL 18643 (6-deoxyerythromycin producer), resulting in the production of 6-deoxy-13-cyclopropyl-erythromycin B. These studies provide further evidence that deoxyerythronolide B synthase has a relaxed specificity for the starter unit. (+info)Adenosine A1 and class II metabotropic glutamate receptors mediate shared presynaptic inhibition of retinotectal transmission. (8/637)
Presynaptic inhibition is one of the major control mechanisms in the CNS. Previously we reported that adenosine A1 receptors mediate presynaptic inhibition at the retinotectal synapse of goldfish. Here we extend these findings to metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and report that presynaptic inhibition produced by both A1 adenosine receptors and group II mGluRs is due to G(i) protein coupling to inhibition of N-type calcium channels in the retinal ganglion cells. Adenosine (100 microM) and an A1 (but not A2) receptor agonist reduced calcium current (I(Ca2+)) by 16-19% in cultured retinal ganglion cells, consistent with their inhibition of retinotectal synaptic transmission (-30% amplitude of field potentials). The general metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonist 1S,3R-1-amino-cyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (1S,3R-ACPD, 50 microM) and the selective group II mGluR receptor agonist (2S, 2'R,3'R)-2-(2',3'-dicarboxy-cyclopropyl)glycine (DCG-IV, 300 nM) inhibited both synaptic transmission and I(Ca2+), whereas the group III mGluR agonist L-2-amino-4-phosphono-butyrate (L-AP4) inhibited neither synaptic transmission nor I(Ca2+). When the N-type calcium channels were blocked with omega-conotoxin GVIA, both adenosine and DCG-IV had much smaller percentage effects on the residual 20% of I(Ca2+), suggesting effects mainly on the N-type calcium channels. The inhibitory effects of A1 adenosine receptors and mGluRs were both blocked by pertussis toxin, indicating that they are mediated by either G(i) or G(o). They were also inhibited by activation of protein kinase C (PKC), which is known to phosphorylate and inhibit G(i). Finally, when applied sequentially, inhibition by adenosine and DCG-IV were not additive but occluded each other. Together these results suggest that adenosine A1 receptors and group II mGluRs mediate presynaptic inhibition of retinotectal synaptic transmission by sharing a pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive, PKC-regulated G(i) protein coupled to N-type calcium channels. (+info)
1-(4-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 773100-29-1, China 1-(4-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 773100-29-1...
Synthesis of Cyclopropane Fatty Acids by C(sp<sup>3</sup>)−C(sp<sup>3</sup>) Cross-Coupling Reaction and Formal Synthesis...
Density-Functional and Hartree-Fock Calculations on the Cyclopropane Ring Intermediates Involved in the Zeolite-Catalyzed...
Diphenylcyclopropenone - Wikipedia
diphenylcyclopropenone 886-38-4 H-NMR | C-NMR Spectral Analysis NMR Spectrum
US7932433B2 - Plant cyclopropane fatty acid synthase genes, proteins, and uses thereof
- Google Patents
US7932433B2 - Plant cyclopropane fatty acid synthase genes, proteins, and uses thereof
- Google Patents
Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid,1-amino-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-,cis-(9ci) - Alfa Chemistry
CYCLOPROPANECARBOXYLIC ACID 2-PROPYL-,METHYL ESTER,TRANS- (CAS No. 168141-72-8) Suppliers @ ChemicalRegister.com
Chemical Database: Cyclopropanecarboxylic Acid, 3-(2,2-Dichloroethenyl)-2,2-Dimethyl-, Methyl Ester (9ci) ...
ChemIDplus - 37124-05-3 - WRVNQAJTBCSMQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 2,2-diphenyl-, 2-(1-piperidinyl)ethyl...
Functional analysis of Leishmania cyclopropane fatty acid synthetase.
NMR Spectrum
Diphenylcyclopropenone 0.01% to 0.1% in Acetone
9,10-methylene-¹⁴C] sterculic acid metabolism in the rat : urinary metabolites, liver tissue distribution, and induced [omega]...
Genetic incorporation of the cyclopropene amino acid as well as enhanced - PARP Inhibitors in Ovarian and Other Cancers
1-(3′,4′-Dichloro-2-fluoro[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-cyclopropanecarboxylic Acid (CHF5074), a Novel γ-Secretase Modulator, Reduces...
Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, trans-2-phenyl-, naphth-2-ylmethyl ester
Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, oct-3-en-2-yl ester
In vivo and in vitro olefin cyclopropanation catalyzed by heme enzymes - Energy Innovation Portal
Towards Highly-Reactive Pyri(mi)dinol-Based Fluorescent Antioxidant Indicators And Cyclopropane Lipids: Autoxidizability and...
What Is Pharmacology - Venlafaxine - Medicalrealm
A Suggested Biosynthesis of Cyclopropane Rings | Science
The contact sensitizer diphenylcyclopropenone has adjuvant properties in mice and potential application in epicutaneous...
Cyclopropanes
Amino Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid ATMP 50% 98% From China - China Amino Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid, ATMP
Amino Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid Manufacturers, Suppliers & Exporters in India
Tedisamil - Wikipedia
Effects of roflumilast on early and late allergic response and airway hyperresponsiveness in Aspergillus fumigatus-sensitized...
Photocatalyzed Diastereoselective Isomerization of Cinnamyl Chlorides to Cyclopropanes<...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis controls host innate immune activation through cyclopropane modification of a glycolipid effector...
Dissociation of cyclopropane in double ionization continuum - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (RSC Publishing)
Patent US5342840 - Cyclopropane derivative - Google Patents
Cyclopropane CAS 75-19-4 | Odour Threshold Value
The mmaA2 Gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Encodes the Distal Cyclopropane Synthase of the alpha -Mycolic Acid
Utvikling av en ny metode for syntese av nitrosyklopropaner
PRIME PubMed | PDE4 inhibitors roflumilast and rolipram augment PGE2 inhibition of TGF-{beta}1-stimulated fibroblast
CCCC 1998, Volume 63, Issue 10, Abstracts pp. 1575-1588
| Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications
Buy 1 cyclopropyl 6 fluoro - 1 cyclopropyl 6 fluoro on sale
Tackling the glycosylation of 2-deoxy-sugars: A reagent-controlled approach utilizing cyclopropenium cations for the α...
Plane of Symmetry
2016 Levomilnacipran (CAS 96847-55-1) Industry Market Report : ReportsnReports
A new class of bis-oxazoline ligands for the Cu-catalysed asymmetric cyclopropanation of olefins
Ca-catalyzed cyclopropanation « Naturalproductmans Blog
Serotonin Noradrenaline Re-uptake Inhibitors - Psychiatric Drugs
1-Methylcyclopropene prevents bud, flower, and leaf abscission of Geraldton waxflower
中国科学院上海有机化学研究所机构知识库(SIOC OpenIR): AsPh3-catalyzed ylide cyclopropanation for the synthesis of trisubstituted vinylcyclopropane...
The mechanism of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of cyclopropanes and nitrones †A theoretical study
Anticonvulsive and neuroprotective actions of a potent agonist (DCG-IV) for group II metabotropic glutamate receptors against...
Structural studies of cord factors from Mycobacterium simiae related to the capacity for tumour necrosis factor alpha (α-TNF)...
The PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast reduces sputum neutrophil and eosinophil numbers in patients with COPD | Thorax
Evaluation of Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of Roflumilast, 250μg and 500μg, as add-on to Standard COPD Treatment to Treat...
Computational Organic Chemistry » Polytriangulane
Identification of Degradation Products in the Phosphodiesterase (PDE-4) Inhibitor Roflumilast Using High Resolution Mass...
Roflumilast: Who Is Using It and How It Affects Health Care Resource Utilization and Costs | Managed Care magazine
Interrelation between Tween and the membrane properties and high pressure tolerance of Lactobacillus plantarum | BMC...
Article - JDDonline - Journal of Drugs in Dermatology
Off-label kezelések a bőrgyógyászatban Kemény Lajos SZTE Bőrgyógyászati és Allergológiai Klinika. - ppt letölteni
glaucasterol
Summary Report | CureHunter
中国科学院上海有机化学研究所机构知识库(SIOC OpenIR): Highly Diastereo- and Enantioselective Cyclopropanation of 1,2-Disubstituted Alkenes
roflumilast | Cigna
Cyclopropenylidenes: From interstellar space to an isolated derivative in the laboratory
British Library EThOS: Allenic and acetylenic intermediates in organic synthesis
Thoracic Compliance in the Anesthetized Human Subject Using Cyclopropane, Ethylvinyl Ether (Vinamar) and Succinylcholine |...
poly(trimethylene carbonate)-block-poly(L-glutamic acid) nanoparticles
RCSB PDB - 1HZ2: SOLUTION NMR STRUCTURE OF SELF-COMPLEMENTARY DUPLEX 5-D(AGGCG*CCT)2 CONTAINING A TRIMETHYLENE CROSSLINK AT...
Effect of Roflumilast on Lung Function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients Treated With Salmeterol: The...
Milnacipran: A New Treatment Option for Fibromyalgia
DCG-IV - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија
Kulinkovich cyclopropanation - Organic Reactions Wiki
S)-1-(2-Amino-5-chlorophenyl)-1-(trifluoromethyl)-3-cyclopropyl-2-propyn-1-ol biochemical product blog
Milnacipran (Savella®): Basic Information - Simple and Practical Mental Health
RCSB PDB
for 1J0C
Meetings</span><span class=avia-menu-fx><span class=avia-arrow-wrap><span class=avia-arrow...
C-C Bond Formation: The Hoveyda Synthesis of Prostaglandin E2
milnacipran | Ligand page | IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY
Difluorohomologation of Ketones
Milnacipran - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија
2,2-bis(chloromethyl)trimethylene... - Registration Dossier - ECHA
Levomilnacipran ER Improves Functional Impairment, Cognition/Attention in MDD - MPR
Levomilnacipran - Wikipedia
Search Articles | University of Toronto Libraries
Milnacipran tablets
Milnacipran tablets
milnacipran HCl - Psychiatric Drugs
Take Torsemide Cheapest ~> Free AirMail or Courier...
DCG Wins Sizable Orders for Animal-fee Additive - | FeedMachinery.com News
TRC | Details of CAS = 303176-40-1, ChemicalName = (1R,2S)-2-(2-Tosyl-1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-6-fluorochromane, synonym = (1R)...
Carbanion
Walborsky, H. M. (1964). "Cyclopropanes. XV. The Optical Stability of 1-Methyl-2,2-diphenylcyclopropyllithium". Journal of the ...
Igor V. Komarov
"Trifluoromethyl-substituted cyclopropanes". Tetrahedron. 67 (5): 803-823. doi:10.1016/j.tet.2010.11.068. Chernykh, Anton V.; ...
Simmons-Smith reaction
A Furukawa-modified Simmons-Smith generated cyclopropane intermediate is formed in the synthesis of γ-keto esters from β-keto ... Howard Ensign Simmons, Jr.; Smith, R.D. (1958). "A New Synthesis of Cyclopropanes from Olefins". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80 (19): ... Simmons, H.E.; Smith, R.D. (1959). "A New Synthesis of Cyclopropanes". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81 (16): 4256-4264. doi:10.1021/ ... The specificity of these reagents allow cyclopropanes to be placed in poly-unsaturated systems that zinc-based reagents will ...
Zinc-copper couple
Robert J. Rawson, Ian T. Harrison (1970). "A Convenient Procedure for the Methylenation of Olefins to Cyclopropanes". J. Org. ... Devarda's alloy Organozinc compound Howard H. Simmons, Ronald D. Smith (1959). "A New Synthesis of Cyclopropanes". J. Am. Chem ... "Cyclopropanes from an Easily Prepared, Highly Active Zinc-Copper Couple, Dibromomethane, and Olefins". J. Org. Chem. 29 (7): ...
Carbene
A well-known reagent employed for alkene-to-cyclopropane reactions is Simmons-Smith reagent. This reagent is a system of copper ... Carbenes add to double bonds to form cyclopropanes. A concerted mechanism is available for singlet carbenes. Triplet carbenes ... In 1912 Hermann Staudinger also converted alkenes to cyclopropanes with diazomethane and CH2 as an intermediate. Doering in ...
List of gases
Misani, Fernanda; Speers, Louise; Lyon, A. M. (June 1956). "Synthetic Studies in the Field of Fluorinated Cyclopropanes". ... cyclopropane 2967-53-5 bis(trifluoromethyl) 2-fluoro-vinylamine 25211-47-6 2-Fluoro-1,3-butadiene 381-61-3 ...
Triangulane
For example, [3]rotane is a branched [4]triangulane; it consists of one additional cyclopropane attached to the central ring of ... A triangulane is a hydrocarbon consisting of a series of spiro-linked cyclopropane rings. The systematic naming pattern for ... Chains consisting of four or more cyclopropane units-[4]triangulane and higher-can form chiral helices. This property is ... "New structurally interesting cyclopropane derivatives. A world of wonders and surprises" (PDF). Pure Appl. Chem. 75 (5): 549- ...
Malvalic acid
Yano, I.; Morris, L. J.; Nichols, B. W.; Jams, A. T. (1972). "The biosynthesis of cyclopropane and cyclopropene fatty acids in ... Synthesis of cyclopropane and cyclopropene fatty acids by seedlings". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 18 ( ... Hooper and Law demonstrated that the ring methylene carbon of both cyclopropane and cyclopropene acids was derived from the ... demonstrated the co-occurrence of malvalic acid and the corresponding cyclopropane acids in several types of seeds. He ...
Rotane
The simplest such chemical, [3]rotane, consists solely of a branched array of spiro-cyclopropane units, and is thus a branched ... A rotane is a hydrocarbon consisting of a central cycloalkane ring with cyclopropane units spiro-linked to each corner. The ... "New structurally interesting cyclopropane derivatives. A world of wonders and surprises" (PDF). Pure Appl. Chem. 75 (5): 549- ...
Methylcyclopropane
This colorless gas is the monomethyl derivative of cyclopropane. Methylcyclopropane, like many other cyclopropanes, undergoes ...
Diazo
Intramolecular reactions of diazocarbonyl compounds provide access to cyclopropanes. In the Buchner ring expansion diazo ...
Lindemann mechanism
... because once the cyclopropane, the reactant, is excited by collision it becomes an energized cyclopropane. And then, this ... An example of isomerization by a Lindemann mechanism is the isomerization of cyclopropane. cyclo−C3H6 → CH3−CH=CH2 Although it ... ISBN 0-471-03558-0. McNesby, James R.; Gordon, Alvin S. (1 September 1956). "Mechanism of the Isomerization of Cyclopropane". ...
Methylene cyclopropyl acetic acid
It is a cyclopropane fatty acid; these have been found in many plants of the order Malvales (Sterculiaceae, Malvaceae, ... Biochem J 1962;82:385-9. PMC 1243468 "Natural alicyclic fatty acids, section:Cyclopropane and Cyclopropene Fatty Acids from ...
Chrysanthemic acid
Faust, Rüdiger (2001). "Fascinating Natural and Artificial Cyclopropane Architectures". Angewandte Chemie International Edition ...
Cyclohexylmethanol
Bruce Rickborn, Stanley E. Wood: Cleavage of cyclopropanes by diborane. In: Journal of the American Chemical Society. 93, 1971 ...
Cyclopropanation
... whereas the trans isomer exclusively yields the trans cyclopropane. Cyclopropanes can be generated using a sulphur ylide in the ... Cyclopropane fatty acids are derived from the attack of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) on unsaturated fatty acids. The precursor to ... Cyclopropanes can be obtained by a variety of intramolecular cyclisation reactions. A simple method is to use primary ... The thermal route, which often uses KOH and platinum as catalysts, is also known as the Kishner cyclopropane synthesis after ...
Boronic acid
The final product is a vinyl cyclopropane. Note: ee stands for enantiomeric excess In situ second step reaction of boronate ...
Conjugated system
Bonds in strained small rings (such as cyclopropane or epoxide) are not well-described by strict σ/π separation, as bonding ... Due to the partial π character of formally σ bonds in a cyclopropane ring, evidence for transmission of "conjugation" through ... Stewart, John Mathews; Pagenkopf, Gordon K. (January 1969). "Transmission of conjugation by the cyclopropane ring". The Journal ... cyclopropanes has also been obtained. Two appropriately aligned π systems whose ends meet at right angles can engage in ...
Cyclopropyl cyanide
... is an organic compound consisting of a nitrile group as a substituent on a cyclopropane ring. It is the ... Luckraft; Robinson (1973). "Kinetics of the reactions of cyclopropane derivatives. III. Gas-phase unimolecular isomerization of ...
August Freund
He was able to synthesise enough cyclopropane to do several chemical reactions and derive from the results the three-membered ... In 1881 he discovered a method for synthesising cyclopropane: he treated 1,3 - dibromopropane with sodium metal. The method now ... August Freund (30 July 1835 - 28 February 1892) was an Austrian chemist who in 1881 first synthesised cyclopropane. Freund was ... cyclopropane)]. Monatshefte für Chemie. 3: 625-635. doi:10.1007/BF01516828. S2CID 197767176. A brief notice of Freund's death ...
Strain (chemistry)
Cyclopropane is analogous to a triangle and thus has bond angles of 60°, much lower than the preferred 109.5° of an sp3 ... The simplest examples of angle strain are small cycloalkanes such as cyclopropane and cyclobutane, which are discussed below. ... The strain energy of cyclopropane and cyclobutane are 27.5 and 26.3 kcal mol−1, respectively. Cyclopentane experiences much ... Furthermore, the hydrogens in cyclopropane are eclipsed. Cyclobutane experiences similar strain, with bond angles of ...
Bent bond
Unlike in cyclopropane, the C-C bond lengths actually increase rather than decrease; this is mainly due to 1,3-nonbonded steric ... In cyclopropane, the maximum electron density between two carbon atoms does not correspond to the internuclear axis, hence the ... In cyclopropane, the interorbital angle is 104°. This bending can be observed experimentally by X-ray diffraction of certain ... Critics of the Walsh orbital theory argue that this model does not represent the ground state of cyclopropane as it cannot be ...
Gallamine triethiodide
Walts LF (1963). "Ventricular tachycardia with gallamine and cyclopropane anesthesia". Anesthesiology. 24: 119. doi:10.1097/ ...
Organogold chemistry
Norman, R. O. C.; Parr, W. J. E.; Thomas, C. B. (1976). "The reactions of alkynes, cyclopropanes, and benzene derivatives with ...
Sodium methylsulfinylmethylide
3-trisubstituted cyclopropanes". J. Org. Chem. 57 (23): 6265-6270. doi:10.1021/jo00049a038. Trost, B. M.; Melvin, L. S., Jr. ( ...
Epoxide
"Enzymatic Chemistry of Cyclopropane, Epoxide, and Aziridine Biosynthesis". Chem. Rev. 112 (3): 1681-1709. doi:10.1021/cr200073d ...
Nikolai Kischner
In 1911, he extended this work on cyclopropane. In 1910 he described the catalytic decomposition of alcylidenhydrazines, which ... catalytic decomposition to pyrazoline bases and developed a versatile method for the preparation of substituted cyclopropanes ...
1,2-Dimethylcyclopropane
As with other cyclopropanes, ring tension results in a relatively unstable compound. 1,2-Dimethylcyclopropane is 1 of 10 ... 1,2-Dimethylcyclopropane is a cycloalkane consisting of a cyclopropane ring substituted with two methyl groups attached to ...
Sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide
These carbene reagents add to alkenes to give substituted cyclopropanes and cyclopropenes. To deprotonation of phosphonium ...
Metal-catalyzed σ-bond rearrangement
Such processes are related to the activation of cyclopropanes by transition metals. Cyclobutane Cubane Cuneane Michael B. Smith ...
cyclopropane - Wiktionary
Cyclopropane
Lacher, J.R.; Walden, C.H.; Lea, K.R.; Park, J.D., Vapor phase heats of hydrobromination of cyclopropane and propylene, J. Am. ... Lias, S.G.; Buckley, T.J., Structures and reactions of C3H6+ ions generated in cyclopropane, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion ... Calado, Jorge C.G.; Filipe, Eduardo J.M.; Lopes, José N.C., The vapour pressure of liquid cyclopropane, The Journal of Chemical ... Booth, H.S.; Morris, W.C., The Critical Constants and Vapor Pressure of Cyclopropane, J. Phys. Chem., 1958, 62, 875. [all data ...
Patent US5342840 - Cyclopropane derivative - Google Patents
A cyclopropane derivative of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein B1 is a purine or pyrimidine residue, R1 and R2 are, independently, ... 6. A cyclopropane according to claim 1 wherein the cyclopropane moiety has a 1S, 2R configuration as shown in formula (XII) ## ... 7. A cyclopropane according to claim 1 wherein the cyclopropane moiety has 1R, 2S configuration as shown in formula (XIII) ## ... A cyclopropane derivative of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein B1 is a purine or pyrimidine residue, R1 and R2 are, independently, ...
Cyclopropane, pentachloro
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database ...
Cyclopropane - Wikipedia
Several cyclopropane fatty acids are known. Owing to the increased π-character of its C-C bonds, cyclopropane can react like an ... Cyclopropane derivatives are numerous. Many biomolecules and pharmaceutical drugs feature the cyclopropane ring. Famous example ... Substituted cyclopropanes also react, following Markovnikovs rule. Substituted cyclopropanes can oxidatively add to transition ... Tetrahedrane contains four fused cyclopropane rings that form the faces of a tetrahedron Propellane contains three cyclopropane ...
Activation of cyclopropanes by transition metals - Wikipedia
Substituents on the cyclopropane affect the course of its activation. The first example of cyclopropane being activated by a ... "Rhodium Catalyzed Transformation of 4-Pentynyl Cyclopropanes to Bicyclo[4.3.0]nonenones via Cleavage of Cyclopropane Ring". ... The electrophile Cp*Ir(PMe3)(Me)OTf reacts with cyclopropane to give the allyl complex: Cp*Ir(PMe3)(Me)OTf + C3H6 → [Cp*Ir(PMe3 ... Being highly strained, cyclopropanes are prone to oxidative addition to transition metal complexes. The resulting metallacycles ...
Cyclopropanes | Organic Chemicals | Spectrum Chemical
Chemical Database: Cyclopropane (EnvironmentalChemistry.com)
This page contains information on the chemical Cyclopropane including: 11 synonyms/identifiers; U.S. Code of Federal ... Cyclopropane*Cyclopropane [Anaesthetics, volatile]*Cyclopropane [INN]*Cyclopropane [UN1027] [Flammable gas]*Cyclopropane, ... Cyclopropane (EnvironmentalChemistry.com),/a,- This page contains information on the chemical Cyclopropane including: 11 ... Cyclopropane. Identifications. *CAS Number: 75-19-4*Synonyms/Related:*Ciclopropano [INN-Spanish]* ...
Cyclopropane Derived Reactive Intermediates Updates | Coordination Chemistry | Inorganic Chemistry | Chemistry | Subjects |...
Enantioselective Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl-Substituted Cyclopropanes
Recent advances in the synthesis of cyclopropanes - Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry (RSC Publishing)
Cyclopropanes, one of the most important strained rings, have gained much attention for more than a century because of their ... Recent advances in the synthesis of cyclopropanes W. Wu, Z. Lin and H. Jiang, Org. Biomol. Chem., 2018, 16, 7315 DOI: 10.1039/ ... Cyclopropanes, one of the most important strained rings, have gained much attention for more than a century because of their ... this review mainly focuses on the recent advances in the synthesis of cyclopropanes classified by the type of catalytic system ...
RCSB PDB - 1TPY: Structure of the cyclopropane synthase MmaA2 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Cyclopropane, 1,1-bis(bromomethyl)- - Substance Information - ECHA
Functional analysis of Leishmania cyclopropane fatty acid synthetase.
The single gene encoding cyclopropane fatty acid synthetase (CFAS) is present in Leishmania infantum, L. mexicana and L. ... However, the cyclopropane fatty acid synthetases which catalyse the generation of cyclopropane rings have only been extensively ... Furthermore, the cyclopropane ring can be in the cis or trans position, with the enzymes showing stereo-specificity in their ... One exception is an orthologue of the metabolic enzyme, cyclopropane fatty acid synthetase (CFAS), which is present in the L. ...
RCSB PDB - 1KP9: Crystal structure of mycolic acid cyclopropane synthase CmaA1, apo-form
CYCLOPROPANE-FATTY-ACYL-PHOSPHOLIPID SYNTHASE 1. A, B. 287. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: cmaA1. EC: ... Crystal structures of mycolic acid cyclopropane synthases from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Huang, C.-C., Smith, C.V., Glickman ... There are at least three mycolic acid cyclopropane synthases (PcaA, CmaA1, and CmaA2) that are responsible for these site- ... There are at least three mycolic acid cyclopropane synthases (PcaA, CmaA1, and CmaA2) that are responsible for these site- ...
1,1-Bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropane, TCI America™
1,1-bis hydroxymethyl cyclopropane, 1-hydroxymethyl cyclopropyl methanol, 1-hydroxymethylcyclopropyl methanol, 1,1- ... 1,1-bis hydroxymethyl cyclopropane, 1-hydroxymethyl cyclopropyl methanol, 1-hydroxymethylcyclopropyl methanol, 1,1- ... 1,1-bis hydroxymethyl cyclopropane, 1-hydroxymethyl cyclopropyl methanol, 1-hydroxymethylcyclopropyl methanol, 1,1- ...
A Suggested Biosynthesis of Cyclopropane Rings | Science
The Pharyngeal Bulb Gasway: A New Aid in Cyclopropane Anesth... : Anesthesia & Analgesia
Dissociation of cyclopropane in double ionization continuum - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (RSC Publishing)
Dissociative double photoionization of cyclopropane is studied in the inner-valence region using tunable synchrotron radiation ... Dissociation of cyclopropane in double ionization continuum S. Oghbaie, M. Gisselbrecht, E. P. Månsson, J. Laksman, C. ... Dissociative double photoionization of cyclopropane is studied in the inner-valence region using tunable synchrotron radiation ... Calculations of dissociation pathways suggest that cyclopropane ring-deformation is selectively triggered at certain photon ...
7051-34-5 - (Bromomethyl)cyclopropane, 97% - Cyclopropylmethyl bromide - L01122 - Alfa Aesar
New chemistry of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes
It begins with general DA cyclopropanes but is mostly focused on carbohydrate-derived cyclopropanes. Chapter two describes our ... Donor-Acceptor (DA) cyclopropanes are considered to be well-understood compounds with predictable chemistry. This dissertation ... The extension of nitrile cyclization to general noncarbohydrate derived DA cyclopropanes leads to the discovery of a novel ... Chapter four discuses our recently discovered formal [3+2] dipolar cycloaddition reactions of DA cyclopropanes with a wide ...
rac-(1R,2S)-2-(3-chlorophenyl)cyclopropane-1-su... - Substance Information - ECHA
Intramolecular Direct Functionalization of Cyclopropanes via Silver-Mediated, Palladium Catalysis
Les cyclopropanes représentent un motif structural souvent retrouvé dans des agents biologiquement actifs importants et dans ... Cyclopropanes represent a privileged moiety possessing numerous functions including the use as important biologically active ... Despite their inherent value, cyclopropanes have not been widely explored as targets for direct C¬-H functionalization ... Malgré leur valeur intrinsèque, la fonctionnalisation directe des cyclopropanes na pas été largement explorée. Ce mémoire ...
Cyclopropanes | definition of Cyclopropanes by Medical dictionary
Cyclopropanes explanation free. What is Cyclopropanes? Meaning of Cyclopropanes medical term. What does Cyclopropanes mean? ... Looking for online definition of Cyclopropanes in the Medical Dictionary? ... cyclopropane. (redirected from Cyclopropanes). Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Encyclopedia. cyclopropane. [si″klo-pro´ ... cyclopropane. (sī′klə-prō′pān′). n.. A highly flammable, explosive, colorless gaseous cycloalkane, C3H6, sometimes used as an ...
mmaA2 - Cyclopropane mycolic acid synthase MmaA2 - Mycobacterium tuberculosis (strain ATCC 25618 / H37Rv) - mmaA2 gene & protein
Catalyzes the conversion of a double bond to a cis cyclopropane ring at the distal position of an alpha mycolic acid via the ... Cyclopropane mycolic acid synthase MmaA2Add BLAST. 286. Amino acid modifications. Feature key. Position(s). DescriptionActions ... Cyclopropane mycolic acid synthase MmaA2 (EC:2.1.1.79*Search proteins in UniProtKB for this EC number. ... cyclopropane-fatty-acyl-phospholipid synthase activity Source: UniProtKB ,p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype,/p> ,p>Describes ...
1-(1,1-difluoroethyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid | CAS No. 1447944-38-8 | Sigma-Aldrich
Cyclopropane Anesthesia | Anesthesiology | ASA Publications
Alfa Aesar™ 1,1-Bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropane, tech. 90%
| Fisher Scientific
[email protected]:
The kinetics of the deactivation of a nickel catalyst during the hydrogenation of cyclopropane,
Donor-AcceptorSynthesisImmune activation through cyclopropane modificationDerivativesSynthaseReactionsCyclopropanationReactionBromomethylBiosynthesisSyntheticAlkenesFlammableCycloadditionSynthetaseMycolicAnesthesiaDiesterChemicalPcaAKcalSubstituents2018FunctionalizationInhalationNucleophilesPalladium2019CompoundsMoleculeHydrogenComplexesGlycolipidAtomsAminoIncorporationTransition metalsBiologicalStructuresSubstancesBuilding Blocks
Donor-Acceptor13
- Donor-Acceptor (DA) cyclopropanes are considered to be well-understood compounds with predictable chemistry. (utexas.edu)
- Regioselective synthesis of trisubstituted 2,3-dihydrofurans from donor-acceptor cyclopropanes or from reaction of the Corey ylide with alpha-sulfenyl-, alpha-sulfinyl-, or alpha-sulfonylenones. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- reactions: see text] Regioselective synthesis of 2,4,5- or 3,4,5-trisubstituted 2,3-dihydrofurans has been realized by using donor-acceptor cyclopropanes or by a Corey ylide reaction with alpha-sulfenyl-, alpha-sulfinyl-, or alpha-sulfonylenones. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Herein, we describe new annulation reactions of thioalkynes with phthalimide-substituted donor-acceptor cyclopropanes, which gave access to highly substituted cyclopentenes and polycyclic ring systems. (epfl.ch)
- With silyl-thioalkynes, the Lewis acid catalyzed[3+2] annulation reaction with donor-acceptor cyclopropanes took place to afford 1-thio-cyclopenten-3-amines. (epfl.ch)
- this document will apply the use of donor acceptor cyclopropanes in various synthetic reactions. (uwo.ca)
- Another useful DA cyclopropane is the novel acetylene-bearing donor acceptor diester cyclopropanes which would be synthetically useful in a wide variety of reactions. (uwo.ca)
- Flisar, Michelle E., "The Application of Novel Donor Acceptor Cyclopropanes in the Synthesis of Linearly Fused Tricyclic Triazoles" (2014). (uwo.ca)
- A copper-catalyzed intramolecular ring opening of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes in the presence of xanthate as a sulfur surrogate enables the synthesis of 3-alkyl-carbonated thioflavones and 3-alkyl-carbonated thioflavothiones. (organic-chemistry.org)
- Donor-Acceptor-Substituted Cyclopropanes via Fischer Carbene Complexes in " Organometallics in Organic Synthesis" (H. Werner, G. Erker, Eds. (fu-berlin.de)
- The Carbene Complex Route to Donor-Acceptor-Substituted Cyclopropanes in " Advances in Metal Carbene Chemistry" (U. Schubert, Ed.) S. 271 - 273, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 1989 . (fu-berlin.de)
- In order to assemble diverse polycycles, donor-acceptor cyclopropanes are useful, versatile synthetic equivalents for C-C bond formations. (gatech.edu)
- Moreover, the donor-acceptor cyclopropanes initially utilized in these studies provided a fundamental basis for new methods to synthesize other relevant scaffolds. (gatech.edu)
Synthesis11
- In organometallic chemistry, the activation of cyclopropanes by transition metals is a research theme with implications for organic synthesis and homogeneous catalysis. (wikipedia.org)
- Based on the sustainable development in this area, this review mainly focuses on the recent advances in the synthesis of cyclopropanes classified by the type of catalytic system, including regio-, diastereo-, and enantio-selective reactions. (rsc.org)
- Bromomethyl)cyclopropane is used in the synthesis of 1,4-dienes by iron-catalyzed cross-coupling with alkenyl Grignard reagents. (alfa.com)
- Chapter two describes our intramolecular glucal cyclopropanation approach toward lactonized cyclopropanes 2.5a-c, their transformations under mild conditions, and their application to the quasi formal synthesis of the natural product xylobovide 2.34a. (utexas.edu)
- One common method of cyclopropane synthesis is the reaction of carbenes with the double bond in alkenes or cycloalkenes. (libretexts.org)
- Although the inherent strain of the cyclopropane greatly challenges both chemical synthesis and biosynthesis, great advances have been made for the construction of the cyclopropane in natural products by chemical synthesis owing to the importance of this kind of compounds. (sioc-journal.cn)
- This method could be applicable to the synthesis of trans-cyclopropane fatty acids and enantioenriched cyclopropane fatty acids. (elsevier.com)
- Formal synthesis of α-mycolic acid was achieved by the C(sp 3 )−C(sp 3 ) cross-coupling reaction of cyclopropane-containing bifunctional building blocks. (elsevier.com)
- The synthesis of four different monofunctional vinyl cyclopropane (VCP) derivatives and their polymerization behavior is presented. (uni-bayreuth.de)
- Infection of E. coli with phage T3 inhibited cyclopropane fatty acid formation over 98%, whereas infection with mutants which lack the phage coded S-adenosylmethionine cleavage enzyme had no effect on cyclopropane fatty acid synthesis. (jax.org)
- These data indicate that S-adenosylmethionine is the methylene in cyclopropane fatty acid synthesis. (jax.org)
Immune activation through cyclopropane modification2
- These results established the fine structure of lipids contained in the Mtb cell envelope as direct effectors of pathogenesis and identified temporal control of host immune activation through cyclopropane modification of TDM as a critical pathogenic strategy of Mtb. (elsevier.com)
- Glickman, Michael S. / Mycobacterium tuberculosis controls host innate immune activation through cyclopropane modification of a glycolipid effector molecule . (elsevier.com)
Derivatives3
- Cyclopropane itself is mainly of theoretical interest but many of its derivatives are of commercial or biological significance. (wikipedia.org)
- Cyclopropane derivatives are numerous. (wikipedia.org)
- Reactions of cyclopropane nucleophiles with α-formyl ketone derivatives. (dartmouth.edu)
Synthase4
- The mmaA2 gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis encodes the distal cyclopropane synthase of the alpha-mycolic acid. (uniprot.org)
- The sRNA RydC was previously shown to stabilize cfa (cyclopropane fatty acid synthase) mRNA, resulting in higher levels of cyclopropane fatty acids in the cell membrane. (asm.org)
- One postsynthetic modification is the conversion of a preexisting UFA to a cyclopropane fatty acid (CFA) by the enzyme cyclopropane fatty acid synthase (encoded by cfa ). (asm.org)
- In addition, TDM modification by the cyclopropane synthase pcaA was both necessary and sufficient for proinflammatory activation of macrophages during early infection. (elsevier.com)
Reactions5
- This dissertation focuses on our recent advances and synthetic applications of DA cyclopropanes principally involving 1,3-dipole intermediates revealed by reactions with Lewis acids. (utexas.edu)
- Chapter four discuses our recently discovered formal [3+2] dipolar cycloaddition reactions of DA cyclopropanes with a wide variety of dipolarophiles including silyl enol ethers, imines, aldehydes and nitriles. (utexas.edu)
- This thesis will discuss two related but equally different methodologies involving the direct C-H functionalization of cyclopropanes via intramolecular palladium-catalyzed, silver-mediated reactions. (umontreal.ca)
- Activated cyclopropanes have been extensively used in synthetic chemistry as precursors for cycloaddition reactions. (lboro.ac.uk)
- It is these relatively unstudied zeolites which have been selected for a detailed catalytic characterisation utilising the isomerisation of the n- butenes and the methyl substituted cyclopropanes as test reactions. (ed.ac.uk)
Cyclopropanation1
- BrCH2CH2CH2Br + 2 Na → (CH2)3 + 2 NaBr The preparation of cyclopropane rings is referred to as cyclopropanation. (wikipedia.org)
Reaction8
- Freund treated 1,3-dibromopropane with sodium, causing an intramolecular Wurtz reaction leading directly to cyclopropane. (wikipedia.org)
- The first example of cyclopropane being activated by a metal complex was reported in 1955, involving the reaction of cyclopropane and hexachloroplatinic acid. (wikipedia.org)
- The reaction of 1-aryl-2,2,2-trifluorodiazoethanes with alkenes provides trifluoromethyl-substituted cyclopropanes with high diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity in the presence of an adamantylglycine-derived dirhodium complex Rh 2 ( R -PTAD) 4 as catalyst. (organic-chemistry.org)
- The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of cyclopropanes and nitrones to give tetrahydro-1,2-oxazine has been studied with density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory. (ebscohost.com)
- Similarly, 6-membered heterocycles can be formed via a [3+3] cycloaddition reaction of activated cyclopropanes with nitrones. (lboro.ac.uk)
- The use of activated symmetrical disubstituted cyclopropanes afforded the desired oxazines in a regio- and diastereocontrolled manner, while the use of unsymmetrical cyclopropanes significantly reduced the diastereoselectivity of the reaction. (lboro.ac.uk)
- identify the substituted cyclopropane formed from the reaction of a given alkene with the reagents necessary to form a carbene. (libretexts.org)
- An iterative Ni-catalyzed C(sp 3 )−C(sp 3 ) cross-coupling reaction of a novel cis-cyclopropane containing bifunctional building blocks with alkyl halides and alkyl Grignard reagents enabled the introduction of a cyclopropane ring into the desired position(s) of saturated carbon frameworks, providing a straightforward synthetic route to cyclopropane fatty acids. (elsevier.com)
Bromomethyl1
- The microwave spectrum and conformation of bromomethyl cyclopropane. (alfa.com)
Biosynthesis2
Synthetic4
- Chapter one is an overview of the literature preparations and synthetic applications of DA cyclopropanes. (utexas.edu)
- The extension of nitrile cyclization to general noncarbohydrate derived DA cyclopropanes leads to the discovery of a novel synthetic methodology toward pyrroles, bipyrroles and thienylpyrroles. (utexas.edu)
- Cyclopropanes represent a privileged moiety possessing numerous functions including the use as important biologically active agents and as useful synthetic intermediates towards accessing complex architectures. (umontreal.ca)
- The highly strained nature of cyclopropane compounds makes them very reactive and interesting synthetic targets. (libretexts.org)
Alkenes1
- Methylene, H 2 C, is simplest carbene, and in general carbenes have the formula R 2 C. Other species that will also react with alkenes to form cyclopropanes but do not follow the formula of carbenes are referred to as carbenoids. (libretexts.org)
Flammable1
- Cyclopropane is highly flammable. (wikipedia.org)
Cycloaddition2
- The strained σ bond of the cyclopropane was found to play the role of an alkene in a conventional [3+2] dipolar cycloaddition. (ebscohost.com)
- Now to extend the scope of the methodology, a [3+3] dipolar cycloaddition has been developed using activated 2,3 disubstituted cyclopropane diesters to access a range of highly functionalised oxazines in moderate to good yields (50-75%) and with reasonable diastereoselectivity. (lboro.ac.uk)
Synthetase2
- Functional analysis of Leishmania cyclopropane fatty acid synthetase. (biomedsearch.com)
- The single gene encoding cyclopropane fatty acid synthetase (CFAS) is present in Leishmania infantum, L. mexicana and L. braziliensis but absent from L. major, a causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis. (biomedsearch.com)
Mycolic1
- Catalyzes the conversion of a double bond to a cis cyclopropane ring at the distal position of an alpha mycolic acid via the transfer of a methylene group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine. (uniprot.org)
Anesthesia1
- The Pharyngeal Bulb Gasway: A New Aid in Cyclopropane Anesthesia. (lww.com)
Diester1
- The effect of a Lewis acid catalyst was examined and found to have a very large effect on the calculated barriers through coordination to the carbonyl oxygen atoms of the diester substituents on the cyclopropane. (ebscohost.com)
Chemical2
- Chapter three investigates the different chemical behaviors of glucal-derived lactonized cyclopropane 2.5a under the influence of a variety of different Lewis acids. (utexas.edu)
- Some physical-chemical parameters of another nonhydrogen bonding gas-protein system (cyclopropane-serum albumin) have been studied, and no changes in the degree of protein-gas interaction could be observed with changes in pH, temperature, or ionic strength of the solutions. (aspetjournals.org)
PcaA1
- Purified TDM isolated from a cyclopropane-deficient pcaA mutant was hypoinflammatory for macrophages and induced less severe granulomatous inflammation in mice, demonstrating that the fine structure of this glycolipid was critical to its proinflammatory activity. (elsevier.com)
Kcal2
- Delocalization of the six electrons of cyclopropane's three C-C σ bonds was given as an explanation of the only slightly greater strain of cyclopropane ("only" 27.6 kcal/mol) as compared to cyclobutane (26.2 kcal/mol) with cyclohexane as reference with Estr=0 kcal/mol. (wikipedia.org)
- Because of the large ring strain energy of cyclopropanes (29.0 kcal per mole), they are often used as substrates for C-C activation through oxidative addition of a transition metal into one of the three C-C bonds leading to a metallacyclobutane intermediate. (wikipedia.org)
Substituents1
- Substituents on the cyclopropane affect the course of its activation. (wikipedia.org)
20181
- The global market size of (z)-(s)-7-chloro-2-(2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane- carboxamide)-2-heptenoic acid is $XX million in 2018 with XX CAGR from 2014 to 2018, and it is expected to reach $XX million by the end of 2024 with a CAGR of XX% from 2019 to 2024. (kandjmarketresearch.com)
Functionalization1
- Despite their inherent value, cyclopropanes have not been widely explored as targets for direct C¬-H functionalization processes. (umontreal.ca)
Inhalation1
- This meant induction of anaesthesia by inhalation of cyclopropane and oxygen was rapid and not unpleasant. (wikipedia.org)
Nucleophiles1
- In particular, the Conia-ene cyclization occurred intramolecularly with this alkyne DA cyclopropane with a large library of nucleophiles. (uwo.ca)
Palladium1
- The compounds [3-(2-Bromocyclohex-2-enyloxy)prop-1-ynyl]- tert -butyl-dimethylsilane 3 , [4-(2-bromocyclohex-2-en-1-yloxy)but-2-yn-1-yloxy]tert-butyldimethylsilane 5 and dimethyl 2-(2-bromocyclohex-2-enyl)-2-(3-( tert -butyldimethylsilanyl)prop-2-ynyl)malonate 9 were prepared and subjected to palladium-catalyzed intra-intermolecular cascade cross couplings incorporating bicyclopropylidene 10 under two types of conditions. (mdpi.com)
20192
- Global (z)-(s)-7-chloro-2-(2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane- carboxamide)-2-heptenoic acid Market Report 2019 - Market Size, Share, Price, Trend and Forecast is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the global (z)-(s)-7-chloro-2-(2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane- carboxamide)-2-heptenoic acid industry. (kandjmarketresearch.com)
- 5.The report estimates 2019-2024 market development trends of (z)-(s)-7-chloro-2-(2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane- carboxamide)-2-heptenoic acid industry. (kandjmarketresearch.com)
Compounds1
- Additionally cyclopropanes are present in numerous biological compounds. (libretexts.org)
Molecule1
- I'd like to know how to draw the nodal planes in cyclopropane molecule orbitals but do not know how. (stackexchange.com)
Hydrogen3
- A cyclopropane derivative of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein B1 is a purine or pyrimidine residue, R1 and R2 are, independently, hydrogen or a protecting group for hydroxyl and each of k, m and n represents, independently, an integer of 1 or 2 is useful for its antiviral effect. (google.com)
- 3. A cyclopropane according to claim 1 wherein each of R 1 and R 2 is hydrogen. (google.com)
- An example is dicholorcarbene, Cl 2 C. These halogenated carbenes will form cyclopropanes in the same manner as methylene but with the interesting presence of two halogen atoms in place of the hydrogen atoms. (libretexts.org)
Complexes2
- Being highly strained, cyclopropanes are prone to oxidative addition to transition metal complexes. (wikipedia.org)
- Les cyclopropanes représentent un motif structural souvent retrouvé dans des agents biologiquement actifs importants et dans des intermédiaires de synthèse permettant l'accès à des architectures complexes. (umontreal.ca)
Glycolipid1
- Here we show that cyclopropane modification of the Mtb cell envelope glycolipid trehalose dimycolate (TDM) is critical for Mtb growth during the first week of infection in mice. (elsevier.com)
Atoms1
- One unusual consequence of bent bonding is that while the C-C bonds in cyclopropane are weaker than normal, the carbon atoms are also closer together than in a regular alkane bond: 151 pm versus 153 pm (average alkene bond: 146 pm). (wikipedia.org)
Amino1
- An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid with the aromatic amino group of 3-(6-amino-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)benzoic acid. (ebi.ac.uk)
Incorporation2
- The present studies extend the structure-activity relationships for optimal HA H 3 receptor affinity and central nervous system penetration by incorporation of a conformationally restricted cyclopropane nucleus. (aspetjournals.org)
- This study was an investigation of a three methods by which to produce biologically active cyclopropanes, whose incorporation might improve upon existing inhibitors of (J-secretase, a possible factor in the cause of Alzheimer's Disease. (kzoo.edu)
Transition metals1
- Substituted cyclopropanes can oxidatively add to transition metals, in a process referred to as C-C activation. (wikipedia.org)
Biological1
- Cyclopropane-containing natural products frequently possess excellent biological activities, and may be developed as drug leads. (sioc-journal.cn)
Structures1
- Dichlorocarbenes can also form cyclopropane structures and are created in situ from reagents such as chloroform and KOH. (libretexts.org)
Substances1
- Il s'agit d';une source d'informations unique sur les substances chimiques fabriquées et importées en Europe. (europa.eu)
Building Blocks1
- Here we show the engineering of two variants of Rhodothermus marinus nitric oxide dioxygenase (RmaNOD) to catalyze the formation of cis- and trans-diastereomers of a pinacolboronate-substituted cyclopropane which can be readily derivatized to generate diverse stereopure cyclopropane building blocks. (caltech.edu)