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CyclohexanolsPotassium DichromateChromatesTodralazineCausticsChromiumCyclohexanonesSocial WorkLaboratory Animal ScienceLondonAnimal WelfareAnimals, LaboratoryEvidence-Based NursingCyclohexylaminesTransition TemperatureCyclamatesCyclohexanesNickelPlatinumTerminology as TopicNeuromuscular Depolarizing AgentsPhencyclidineAdipatesBenzeneMNSs Blood-Group SystemEye Protective DevicesGloves, ProtectiveEyeglassesProtective ClothingClothingChemical Safety
Cyclohexanols
Monohydroxy derivatives of cyclohexanes that contain the general formula R-C6H11O. They have a camphorlike odor and are used in making soaps, insecticides, germicides, dry cleaning, and plasticizers.
Potassium Dichromate
Chromic acid (H2Cr2O7), dipotassium salt. A compound having bright orange-red crystals and used in dyeing, staining, tanning leather, as bleach, oxidizer, depolarizer for dry cells, etc. Medically it has been used externally as an astringent, antiseptic, and caustic. When taken internally, it is a corrosive poison.
Chromates
Salts of chromic acid containing the CrO(2-)4 radical.
Todralazine
An antihypertensive agent with both central and peripheral action; it has some central nervous system depressant effects.
Caustics
Strong alkaline chemicals that destroy soft body tissues resulting in a deep, penetrating type of burn, in contrast to corrosives, that result in a more superficial type of damage via chemical means or inflammation. Caustics are usually hydroxides of light metals. SODIUM HYDROXIDE and potassium hydroxide are the most widely used caustic agents in industry. Medically, they have been used externally to remove diseased or dead tissues and destroy warts and small tumors. The accidental ingestion of products (household and industrial) containing caustic ingredients results in thousands of injuries per year.
Chromium
A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.
Cyclohexanones
Cyclohexane ring substituted by one or more ketones in any position.
Social Work
The use of community resources, individual case work, or group work to promote the adaptive capacities of individuals in relation to their social and economic environments. It includes social service agencies.
Laboratory Animal Science
The science and technology dealing with the procurement, breeding, care, health, and selection of animals used in biomedical research and testing.
London
Animal Welfare
The protection of animals in laboratories or other specific environments by promoting their health through better nutrition, housing, and care.
Animals, Laboratory
Evidence-Based Nursing
A way of providing nursing care that is guided by the integration of the best available scientific knowledge with nursing expertise. This approach requires nurses to critically assess relevant scientific data or research evidence, and to implement high-quality interventions for their nursing practice.
Cyclohexylamines
A family of alicyclic hydrocarbons containing an amine group with the general formula R-C6H10NH2.
Transition Temperature
The temperature at which a substance changes from one state or conformation of matter to another.
Cyclamates
Salts and esters of cyclamic acid.
Cyclohexanes
Six-carbon alicyclic hydrocarbons.
Nickel
A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.
Platinum
Platinum. A heavy, soft, whitish metal, resembling tin, atomic number 78, atomic weight 195.09, symbol Pt. (From Dorland, 28th ed) It is used in manufacturing equipment for laboratory and industrial use. It occurs as a black powder (platinum black) and as a spongy substance (spongy platinum) and may have been known in Pliny's time as "alutiae".
Terminology as Topic
The terms, expressions, designations, or symbols used in a particular science, discipline, or specialized subject area.
Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents
Drugs that interrupt transmission at the skeletal neuromuscular junction by causing sustained depolarization of the motor end plate. These agents are primarily used as adjuvants in surgical anesthesia to cause skeletal muscle relaxation.
Phencyclidine
A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.
Adipates
Derivatives of adipic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a 1,6-carboxy terminated aliphatic structure.
Benzene
Toxic, volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbon byproduct of coal distillation. It is used as an industrial solvent in paints, varnishes, lacquer thinners, gasoline, etc. Benzene causes central nervous system damage acutely and bone marrow damage chronically and is carcinogenic. It was formerly used as parasiticide.
MNSs Blood-Group System
A system of universal human blood group isoantigens with many associated subgroups. The M and N traits are codominant and the S and s traits are probably very closely linked alleles, including the U antigen. This system is most frequently used in paternity studies.
Eye Protective Devices
Personal devices for protection of the eyes from impact, flying objects, glare, liquids, or injurious radiation.
Gloves, Protective
Coverings for the hands, usually with separations for the fingers, made of various materials, for protection against infections, toxic substances, extremes of hot and cold, radiations, water immersion, etc. The gloves may be worn by patients, care givers, housewives, laboratory and industrial workers, police, etc.
Eyeglasses
A pair of ophthalmic lenses in a frame or mounting which is supported by the nose and ears. The purpose is to aid or improve vision. It does not include goggles or nonprescription sun glasses for which EYE PROTECTIVE DEVICES is available.
Protective Clothing
Clothing designed to protect the individual against possible exposure to known hazards.
Clothing
Fabric or other material used to cover the body.
Chemical Safety
Risk or hazard associated with the handling and use of chemicals.

The central cannabinoid receptor (CB1) mediates inhibition of nitric oxide production by rat microglial cells. (1/579)

Upon activation, brain microglial cells release proinflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), which may play an important role in the central nervous system antibacterial, antiviral, and antitumor activities. However, excessive release of NO has been postulated to elicit immune-mediated neurodegenerative inflammatory processes and to cause brain injury. In the present study, the effect of cannabinoids on the release of NO from endotoxin/cytokine-activated rat cortical microglial cells was evaluated. A drug dose-dependent (0.1 microM-8 microM) inhibition of NO release from rat microglial cells was exerted by the cannabinoid receptor high-affinity binding enantiomer (-)-CP55940. In contrast, a minimal inhibitory effect was exerted by the lower affinity binding paired enantiomer (+)-CP56667. Pretreatment of microglial cells with the Galphai/Galphao protein inactivator pertussis toxin, cyclic AMP reconstitution with the cell-permeable analog dibutyryl-cAMP, or treatment of cells with the Galphas activator cholera toxin, resulted in reversal of the (-)-CP55940-mediated inhibition of NO release. A similar reversal in (-)-CP55940-mediated inhibition of NO release was effected when microglial cells were pretreated with the central cannabinoid receptor (CB1) selective antagonist SR141716A. Mutagenic reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western immunoblot assay using a CB1 receptor amine terminal domain-specific antibody, and cellular colocalization of CB1 and the microglial marker Griffonia simplicifolia isolectin B4 confirmed the expression of the CB1 receptor in rat microglial cells. Collectively, these results indicate a functional linkage between the CB1 receptor and cannabinoid-mediated inhibition of NO production by rat microglial cells.  (+info)

Cannabinoid suppression of noxious heat-evoked activity in wide dynamic range neurons in the lumbar dorsal horn of the rat. (2/579)

The effects of cannabinoid agonists on noxious heat-evoked firing of 62 spinal wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons were examined in urethan-anesthetized rats (1 cell/animal). Noxious thermal stimulation was applied with a Peltier device to the receptive fields in the ipsilateral hindpaw of isolated WDR neurons. To assess the site of action, cannabinoids were administered systemically in intact and spinally transected rats and intraventricularly. Both the aminoalkylindole cannabinoid WIN55,212-2 (125 microg/kg iv) and the bicyclic cannabinoid CP55,940 (125 microg/kg iv) suppressed noxious heat-evoked activity. Responses evoked by mild pressure in nonnociceptive neurons were not altered by CP55,940 (125 microg/kg iv), consistent with previous observations with another cannabinoid agonist, WIN55,212-2. The cannabinoid induced-suppression of noxious heat-evoked activity was blocked by pretreatment with SR141716A (1 mg/kg iv), a competitive antagonist for central cannabinoid CB1 receptors. By contrast, intravenous administration of either vehicle or the receptor-inactive enantiomer WIN55,212-3 (125 microg/kg) failed to alter noxious heat-evoked activity. The suppression of noxious heat-evoked activity induced by WIN55,212-2 in the lumbar dorsal horn of intact animals was markedly attenuated in spinal rats. Moreover, intraventricular administration of WIN55,212-2 suppressed noxious heat-evoked activity in spinal WDR neurons. By contrast, both vehicle and enantiomer were inactive. These findings suggest that cannabinoids selectively modulate the activity of nociceptive neurons in the spinal dorsal horn by actions at CB1 receptors. This modulation represents a suppression of pain neurotransmission because the inhibitory effects are selective for pain-sensitive neurons and are observed with different modalities of noxious stimulation. The data also provide converging lines of evidence for a role for descending antinociceptive mechanisms in cannabinoid modulation of spinal nociceptive processing.  (+info)

Role of a conserved lysine residue in the peripheral cannabinoid receptor (CB2): evidence for subtype specificity. (3/579)

The human cannabinoid receptors, central cannabinoid receptor (CB1) and peripheral cannabinoid receptor (CB2), share only 44% amino acid identity overall, yet most ligands do not discriminate between receptor subtypes. Site-directed mutagenesis was employed as a means of mapping the ligand recognition site for the human CB2 cannabinoid receptor. A lysine residue in the third transmembrane domain of the CB2 receptor (K109), which is conserved between the CB1 and CB2 receptors, was mutated to alanine or arginine to determine the role of this charged amino acid in receptor function. The analogous mutation in the CB1 receptor (K192A) was found to be crucial for recognition of several cannabinoid compounds excluding (R)-(+)-[2, 3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-[(4-morpholinyl)methyl]pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1, 4-benzoxazin-6-yl](1-naphthalenyl)methanone (WIN 55,212-2). In contrast, in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells expressing the mutant or wild-type CB2 receptors, we found no significant differences in either the binding profile of several cannabinoid ligands nor in inhibition of cAMP accumulation. We identified a high-affinity site for (-)-3-[2-hydroxyl-4-(1, 1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl]-4-[3-hydroxyl propyl] cyclohexan-1-ol (CP-55,940) in the region of helices 3, 6, and 7, with S3.31(112), T3.35(116), and N7.49(295) in the K109A mutant using molecular modeling. The serine residue, unique to the CB2 receptor, was then mutated to glycine in the K109A mutant. This double mutant, K109AS112G, retains the ability to bind aminoalkylindoles but loses affinity for classical cannabinoids, as predicted by the molecular model. Distinct cellular localization of the mutant receptors observed with immunofluorescence also suggests differences in receptor function. In summary, we identified amino acid residues in the CB2 receptor that could lead to subtype specificity.  (+info)

Effect of the cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55212-2 on sympathetic cardiovascular regulation. (4/579)

1. The aim of the present study was to analyse the cardiovascular actions of the synthetic CB1/CB2 cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55212-2, and specifically to determine its sites of action on sympathetic cardiovascular regulation. 2. Pithed rabbits in which the sympathetic outflow was continuously stimulated electrically or which received a pressor infusion of noradrenaline were used to study peripheral prejunctional and direct vascular effects, respectively. For studying effects on brain stem cardiovascular regulatory centres, drugs were administered into the cisterna cerebellomedullaris in conscious rabbits. Overall cardiovascular effects of the cannabinoid were studied in conscious rabbits with intravenous drug administration. 3. In pithed rabbits in which the sympathetic outflow was continuously electrically stimulated, intravenous injection of WIN55212-2 (5, 50 and 500 microg kg(-1)) markedly reduced blood pressure, the spillover of noradrenaline into plasma and the plasma noradrenaline concentration, and these effects were antagonized by the CB1 cannabinoid receptor-selective antagonist SR141716A. The hypotensive and the sympathoinhibitory effect of WIN55212-2 was shared by CP55940, another mixed CB1/CB2 cannabinoid receptor agonist, but not by WIN55212-3, the enantiomer of WIN55212-2, which lacks affinity for cannabinoid binding sites. WIN55212-2 had no effect on vascular tone established by infusion of noradrenaline in pithed rabbits. 4. Intracisternal application of WIN55212-2 (0.1, 1 and 10 microg kg(-1)) in conscious rabbits increased blood pressure and the plasma noradrenaline concentration and elicited bradycardia; this latter effect was antagonized by atropine. 5. In conscious animals, intravenous injection of WIN55212-2 (5 and 50 microg kg(-1)) caused bradycardia, slight hypotension, no change in the plasma noradrenaline concentration, and an increase in renal sympathetic nerve firing. The highest dose of WIN55212-2 (500 microg kg(-1)) elicited hypotension and tachycardia, and sympathetic nerve activity and the plasma noradrenaline concentration declined. 6. The results obtained in pithed rabbits indicate that activation of CB1 cannabinoid receptors leads to marked peripheral prejunctional inhibition of noradrenaline release from postganglionic sympathetic axons. Intracisternal application of WIN55212-2 uncovered two effects on brain stem cardiovascular centres: sympathoexcitation and activation of cardiac vagal fibres. The highest dose of systemically administered WIN55212-2 produced central sympathoinhibition; the primary site of this action is not known.  (+info)

Agonist-inverse agonist characterization at CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors of L759633, L759656, and AM630. (5/579)

We have tested our prediction that AM630 is a CB2 cannabinoid receptor ligand and also investigated whether L759633 and L759656, are CB2 receptor agonists. Binding assays with membranes from CHO cells stably transfected with human CB1 or CB2 receptors using [3H]-CP55940, confirmed the CB2-selectivity of L759633 and L759656 (CB2/CB1 affinity ratios = 163 and 414 respectively) and showed AM630 to have a Ki at CB2 receptors of 31.2 nM and a CB2/CB1 affinity ratio of 165. In CB2-transfected cells, L759633 and L759656 were potent inhibitors of forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP production, with EC50 values of 8.1 and 3.1 nM respectively and CB1/CB2 EC50 ratios of > 1000 and > 3000 respectively. AM630 inhibited [35S]-GTPgammaS binding to CB2 receptor membranes (EC50 = 76.6 nM), enhanced forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP production in CB2-transfected cells (5.2 fold by 1 microM), and antagonized the inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP production in this cell line induced by CP55940. In CB1-transfected cells, forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP production was significantly inhibited by AM630 (22.6% at 1 microM and 45.9% at 10 microM) and by L759633 at 10 microM (48%) but not 1 microM. L759656 (10 microM) was not inhibitory. AM630 also produced a slight decrease in the mean inhibitory effect of CP55940 on cyclic AMP production which was not statistically significant. We conclude that AM630 is a CB2-selective ligand that behaves as an inverse agonist at CB2 receptors and as a weak partial agonist at CB1 receptors. L759633 and L759656 are both potent CB2-selective agonists.  (+info)

O- and N-demethylation of venlafaxine in vitro by human liver microsomes and by microsomes from cDNA-transfected cells: effect of metabolic inhibitors and SSRI antidepressants. (6/579)

The biotransformation of venlafaxine (VF) into its two major metabolites, O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV) and N-desmethylvenlafaxine (NDV) was studied in vitro with human liver microsomes and with microsomes containing individual human cytochromes from cDNA-transfected human lymphoblastoid cells. VF was coincubated with selective cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibitors and several selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to assess their inhibitory effect on VF metabolism. Formation rates for ODV incubated with human microsomes were consistent with Michaelis-Menten kinetics for a single-enzyme mediated reaction with substrate inhibition. Mean parameters determined by non-linear regression were: Vmax = 0.36 nmol/min/mg protein, K(m) = 41 microM, and Ks 22901 microM (Ks represents a constant which reflects the degree of substrate inhibition). Quinidine (QUI) was a potent inhibitor of ODV formation with a Ki of 0.04 microM, and paroxetine (PX) was the most potent SSRI at inhibiting ODV formation with a mean Ki value of 0.17 microM. Studies using expressed cytochromes showed that ODV was formed by CYP2C9, -2C19, and -2D6. CYP2D6 was dominant with the lowest K(m), 23.2 microM, and highest intrinsic clearance (Vmax/K(m) ratio). No unique model was applicable to the formation of NDV for all four livers tested. Parameters determined by applying a single-enzyme model were Vmax = 2.14 nmol/min/mg protein, and K(m) = 2504 microM. Ketoconazole was a potent inhibitor of NDV production, although its inhibitory activity was not as great as observed with pure 3A substrates. NDV formation was also reduced by 42% by a polyclonal rabbit antibody against rat liver CYP3A1. Studies using expressed cytochromes showed that NDV was formed by CYP2C9, -2C19, and -3A4. The highest intrinsic clearance was attributable to CYP2C19 and the lowest to CYP3A4. However the high in vivo abundance of 3A isoforms will magnify the importance of this cytochrome. Fluvoxamine (FX), at a concentration of 20 microM, decreased NDV production by 46% consistent with the capacity of FX to inhibit CYP3A, 2C9, and 2C19. These results are consistent with previous studies that show CYP2D6 and -3A4 play important roles in the formation of ODV and NDV, respectively. In addition we have shown that several other CYPs have important roles in the biotransformation of VF.  (+info)

Stimulation of peripheral cannabinoid receptor CB2 induces MCP-1 and IL-8 gene expression in human promyelocytic cell line HL60. (7/579)

Using the recently developed methodology of nucleic acid microarrays spotted with specific cDNAs probes belonging to different gene families, we showed for the first time that nanomolar concentrations of the cannabinoid ligand CP-55940 upregulated the expression of two different members of the chemokine gene family: the alpha-chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) and the beta-chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), in the promyelocytic cell line HL60 transfected with peripheral cannabinoid receptors (CB2). These genomic modulations observed on large-scale cDNA arrays were first confirmed by Northern blot studies. Furthermore, ELISA evaluations in culture supernatants indicated that the cannabinoid-induced activation of these two chemokine genes was followed by enhanced expression and secretion of the corresponding proteins. These upregulations initially observed in transfected HL60 cells overexpressing CB2 receptors, also occurred in normal non-transfected HL60 cells. The enhancement of IL-8 and MCP-1 gene transcription and protein production was shown to be pertussis toxin sensitive attesting that this phenomenon was a Gi protein-coupled receptor-mediated process as expected for cannabinoid receptors. More specifically, the abolition of the cannabinoid-induced effect by the specific CB2 antagonist SR 144528 indicated a strict peripheral cannabinoid-mediated process. Altogether, our data highlight a possible new function of peripheral cannabinoid receptors in the modulation of immune and inflammatory responses.  (+info)

Cannabinoid receptor CB1 activates the Na+/H+ exchanger NHE-1 isoform via Gi-mediated mitogen activated protein kinase signaling transduction pathways. (8/579)

We previously showed that the cannabinoid receptor CB1 stably transfected in Chinese hamster ovary cells was constitutively active and could be inhibited by the inverse agonist SR 141716A. In the present study, we demonstrate that the cannabinoid agonist CP-55940 induced cytosol alkalinization of CHO-CB1 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner via activation of the Na+/H+ exchanger NHE-1 isoform. By contrast, the inverse agonist SR 141716A induced acidification of the cell cytosol, suggesting that the Na+/H+ exchanger NHE-1 was constitutively activated by the CB1 receptor. CB1-mediated NHE1 activation was prevented by both pertussis toxin treatment and the specific MAP kinase inhibitor PD98059. NHE-1 and p42/p44 MAPK had a similar time course of activation in response to the addition of CP-55940 to CHO-CB1 cells. These results suggest that CB1 stimulates NHE-1 by G(i/o)-mediated activation of p42/p44 MAP kinase and highlight a cellular physiological process targeted by CB1.  (+info)

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J Clin Psychiatry/Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Critical...J Clin Psychiatry/Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Critical...
Objective: To critically review the antiobsessional properties of serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) (venlafaxine and clomipramine) in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) as an alternative to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which are currently considered the first-line treatment of OCD. Data Sources: A MEDLINE search was performed to identify clinical trials with the SNRIs venlafaxine and clomipramine published from 1996 to 2004 (keywords: SNRIs, venlafaxine, duloxetine, and clomipramine, each matched individually with the term OCD), focusing on the best-designed studies for inclusion. Data Synthesis: Much of the literature about SNRIs in OCD supports the efficacy of these compounds in the treatment of OCD. However, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies with venlafaxine are lacking, and the most relevant studies consist of active comparison trials between SNRIs and SSRIs. In these studies, SNRIs seem to be as effective as SSRIs in OCD; SNRIs ...
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Pre-exposure to the cannabinoid receptor agonist CP 55,940 enhances morphine behavioral sensitization and alters morphine self...Pre-exposure to the cannabinoid receptor agonist CP 55,940 enhances morphine behavioral sensitization and alters morphine self...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Pre-exposure to the cannabinoid receptor agonist CP 55,940 enhances morphine behavioral sensitization and alters morphine self-administration in Lewis rats. AU - Norwood, Christy S.. AU - Cornish, Jennifer L.. AU - Mallet, Paul E.. AU - McGregor, Iain S.. PY - 2003/3/28. Y1 - 2003/3/28. N2 - Three experiments examined the influence of pre-exposure to the cannabinoid receptor agonist CP 55,940 ((-)-cis-3-(2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl)-trans-4-(3- hydroxypropyl)cyclohexanol) on the sensitization of morphine-induced locomotor hyperactivity and self-administration in Lewis rats. In Experiment 1, rats received daily injections of vehicle or CP 55,940 (0.1 mg/kg for 7 days then 0.2 mg/kg for a further 7 days). Four weeks later, the locomotor response to morphine (10 mg/kg s.c.) was tested once per day over a 3-h period for 14 consecutive days. Rats given morphine showed hypoactivity during the first hour following morphine but hyperactivity during the second and third hours. ...
https://researchers.mq.edu.au/en/publications/pre-exposure-to-the-cannabinoid-receptor-agonist-cp-55940-enhance
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Venlafaxine hydrochloride / venlafaxine hydrochloride FDA New drug application 076690 global drug patent coverage, generic...Venlafaxine hydrochloride / venlafaxine hydrochloride FDA New drug application 076690 global drug patent coverage, generic...
Drugs may be covered by multiple patents or regulatory protections. All trademarks and applicant names are the property of their respective owners or licensors. Although great care is taken in the proper and correct provision of this service, thinkBiotech LLC does not accept any responsibility for possible consequences of errors or omissions in the provided data. The data presented herein is for information purposes only. There is no warranty that the data contained herein is error free. thinkBiotech performs no independent verifification of facts as provided by public sources nor are attempts made to provide legal or investing advice. Any reliance on data provided herein is done solely at the discretion of the user. Users of this service are advised to seek professional advice and independent confirmation before considering acting on any of the provided information. thinkBiotech LLC reserves the right to amend, extend or withdraw any part or all of the offered service without notice. ...
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Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are a class of antidepressant drugs which are used in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). They are sometimes also used to treat anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), chronic neuropathic pain, and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS), and for the relief of menopausal symptoms.
https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/SNRI
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Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors work by inhibiting the reabsorption of not one but two important brain chemicals. See how they work for depression.
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Effectiveness of Long-Term Versus Short-Term Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder With Venlafaxine XR - Tabular View -...Effectiveness of Long-Term Versus Short-Term Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder With Venlafaxine XR - Tabular View -...
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a highly prevalent, chronic psychiatric disorder. Despite the fact that GAD frequently demands prolonged treatment with medication, very little is known about the benefits of long-term treatment. GAD is characterized by 6 months or more of exaggerated worry and tension that is unfounded or much more severe than the normal anxiety most people experience. People with GAD are unable to relax and often suffer from insomnia. Venlafaxine XR, a drug used to treat depression, has been shown to be effective in the short-term treatment of GAD. However, its benefits over a course of more than 8 weeks have not been assessed. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of venlafaxine XR in treating GAD on a long-term basis and preventing the relapse of GAD after 6 months of treatment versus 12 months of treatment.. Participants in this double-blind study will first receive 6 months of open-label treatment with venlafaxine XR. Upon completion of this initial phase, ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT00183274
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Carcinogenesis. Desvenlafaxine succinate administered by oral gavage to mice and rats for 2 years did not increase the incidence of tumors in either study. Mice received desvenlafaxine succinate at dosages up to 500/300 mg/kg/day (dosage lowered after 45 weeks of dosing). The AUC exposure at 300 mg/kg/day dose is estimated at 10 times the AUC exposure at an adult human dose of 100 mg per day.. Rats received desvenlafaxine succinate at dosages up to 300 mg/kg/day (males) or 500 mg/kg/day (females). The AUC exposure at the highest dose is estimated at 11 (males) or 26 (females) times the AUC exposure at an adult human dose of 100 mg per day. ...
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Desvenlafaxine - WikipediaDesvenlafaxine - Wikipedia
Desvenlafaxine is a synthetic form of the isolated major active metabolite of venlafaxine, and is categorized as a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). When most normal metabolizers take venlafaxine, approximately 70% of the dose is metabolized into desvenlafaxine, so the effects of the two drugs are expected to be very similar.[5] It works by blocking the reuptake transporters for key neurotransmitters affecting mood, thereby leaving more active neurotransmitters in the synapse. The neurotransmitters affected are serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline). It is approximately 10 times more potent at inhibiting serotonin uptake than norepinephrine uptake.[6]. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desvenlafaxine
Venlafaxine extended release (ER) in the treatment of generalised anxiety disorder | The British Journal of PsychiatryVenlafaxine extended release (ER) in the treatment of generalised anxiety disorder | The British Journal of Psychiatry
There were no differences between the treatment groups in the percentage of patients who discontinued and gave adverse events as either a primary or a secondary reason: 22%, 14%, 21% and 19% for placebo, 37.5-, 75- and 150-mg treatment groups, respectively. The most common adverse event leading to discontinuation in the venlafaxine ER treatment groups was nausea: 4%, 6% and 7% for 37.5-, 75- and 150-mg groups, respectively, compared with 2% for placebo. Dizziness was the most frequent cause of discontinuation in the placebo group: 5% compared with ,1%, 5% and 4% in the 37.5-, 75- and 150-mg venlafaxine ER treatment groups respectively. Other adverse events associated with discontinuation, but with no apparent association with either placebo or venlafaxine ER, were headache (2% in each group), sweating (,1%, 1%, 4% and 2%) and insomnia (,1%, 1%, 3% and 2%) for placebo and 37.5, 75 and 150 mg of venlafaxine ER respectively. Changes in laboratory parameters, ECG, weight and vital signs, including ...
http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/179/1/15
O-desmethylvenlafaxine - desvenlafaxine succinate Summary Report | CureHunterO-desmethylvenlafaxine - desvenlafaxine succinate Summary Report | CureHunter
O-desmethylvenlafaxine: a metabolite of venlafaxine; a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; structure in first source
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Mycosporine-like amino acids in 38 species of subtidal marine organisms from McMurdo Sound, AntarcticaMycosporine-like amino acids in 38 species of subtidal marine organisms from McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) that absorb UV radiation (310-360 nm) were investigated in 34 species of benthic marine invertebrates (fourteen sponges, two cnidarians, one nemertean, four molluscs, one bryozoan, two arthropods, eight echinoderms and two tunicates), two species of benthic fish and two species of red algae collected during the spring of 1992 from McMurdo Sound. In addition, MAAs were measured in the ripe ovaries, testes and brooded juveniles of four species of echinoderms. While 90% of the: species had MAAs in their tissues, both quantitative and qualitative measurements reflected a general lack of UV protectants among these fauna. Eight MAAs were detected among the species examined, but only four of these (mycosporine-glycine, shinorine, porphyra-334 and palythine) occurred in any appreciable number: of the species. Palythinol only occurred in the sponge Isodictya erinacea and asterina-330 and palythene only occurred in the red alga Iridaea cordata. MAAs were detected in the ...
https://scholars.uab.edu/display/pub99086
Venlafaxine XRVenlafaxine XR
Venlafaxine XR is a prescription drug licensed to treat depression and anxiety disorders. This page on the eMedTV site covers venlafaxine XR side effects, strengths, and dosing guidelines, as well as what to tell your doctor before you take the drug.
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Desvenlafaxine Succinate Structure - Vitamins DrugstoreDesvenlafaxine Succinate Structure - Vitamins Drugstore
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http://readersworld.com.au/desvenlafaxine-succinate-structure/
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Venlafaxine Hydrochloride (Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.): FDA Package Insert,...Venlafaxine Hydrochloride (Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.): FDA Package Insert,...
Page 7: Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.: Venlafaxine tablets are indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder. The efficacy of venlafaxine tablets...
https://medlibrary.org/lib/rx/meds/venlafaxine-hydrochloride-79/page/7/
An investigation of the effect of immediate and extended release venlafaxine on nocturnal melatonin and cortisol release in...An investigation of the effect of immediate and extended release venlafaxine on nocturnal melatonin and cortisol release in...
An investigation of the effect of immediate and extended release venlafaxine on nocturnal melatonin and cortisol release in healthy adult volunteers.
http://www.druglib.com/abstract/ha/hallam-kt_hum-psychopharmacol_20080300.html
Precautions and Warnings With DesvenlafaxinePrecautions and Warnings With Desvenlafaxine
You should not take desvenlafaxine if you are allergic to venlafaxine (a similar medication). This eMedTV segment provides other precautions and warnings with desvenlafaxine, including more information on who should not use this medication.
http://mental-health.emedtv.com/desvenlafaxine/precautions-and-warnings-with-desvenlafaxine-p3.html
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Efficacy of Duloxetine, a Potent and Balanced Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor in Persistent Pain Models in Rats |...Efficacy of Duloxetine, a Potent and Balanced Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor in Persistent Pain Models in Rats |...
In vivo neurochemical studies on synaptosomal uptake inhibition and microdialysis studies have previously shown that duloxetine is a potent and selective 5-HT and NE reuptake inhibitor in brain (Wong et al., 1993; Bymaster et al., 2001; Wong and Bymaster, 2002; Koch et al., 2003). Koch et al. (2003) showed that although duloxetine, venlafaxine, and milnacipran exhibited dual 5-HT and NE reuptake inhibition properties in vivo, duloxetine was more potent. In the present study, in rats that were depleted of serotonin with p-CA, duloxetine was as efficacious as paroxetine, an SSRI, in blocking p-CA-induced depletion of 5-HT content, whereas in rats depleted of norepinephrine with α-MMT, duloxetine was as efficacious as the selective NRI thionisoxetine or desipramine in increasing NE content. These data reiterate that functionally, duloxetine is a relatively balanced dual reuptake inhibitor of 5-HT and NE in vivo, consistent with other published studies on duloxetines ability to change ...
http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/311/2/576.long
Desvenlafaxine Uses - Desvenlafaxine ErDesvenlafaxine Uses - Desvenlafaxine Er
Desvenlafaxine - The exact mode of action is ill understood but high concentration of catecholamines in blood and urine are thought to result from inhibition of tissue uptake of noradrenaline through competitive binding sites on all membrane.
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Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor - WikipediaSerotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor - Wikipedia
TCAs were the first medications that had dual mechanism of action. The mechanism of action of tricyclic secondary amine antidepressants is only partly understood. TCAs have dual inhibition effects on norepinephrine reuptake transporters and serotonin reuptake transporters. Increased norepinephrine and serotonin concentrations are obtained by inhibiting both of these transporter proteins. TCAs have substantially more affinity for norepinephrine reuptake proteins than the SSRIs. This is because of a formation of secondary amine TCA metabolites.[24][25]. In addition, the TCAs interact with adrenergic receptors. This interaction seems to be critical for increased availability of norepinephrine in or near the synaptic clefts. Actions of imipramine-like tricyclic antidepressants have complex, secondary adaptions to their initial and sustained actions as inhibitors of norepinephrine transport and variable blockade of serotonin transport. Norepinephrine interacts with postsynaptic α and β adrenergic ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serotonin%E2%80%93norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitor
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor - WikipediaSerotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor - Wikipedia
TCAs were the first medications that had dual mechanism of action. The mechanism of action of tricyclic secondary amine antidepressants is only partly understood. TCAs have dual inhibition effects on norepinephrine reuptake transporters and serotonin reuptake transporters. Increased norepinephrine and serotonin concentrations are obtained by inhibiting both of these transporter proteins. TCAs have substantially more affinity for norepinephrine reuptake proteins than the SSRIs. This is because of a formation of secondary amine TCA metabolites.[24][25] In addition, the TCAs interact with adrenergic receptors. This interaction seems to be critical for increased availability of norepinephrine in or near the synaptic clefts. Actions of imipramine-like tricyclic antidepressants have complex, secondary adaptions to their initial and sustained actions as inhibitors of norepinephrine transport and variable blockade of serotonin transport. Norepinephrine interacts with postsynaptic α and β adrenergic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serotonin-norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitor
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor - WikipediaSerotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor - Wikipedia
TCAs were the first medications that had dual mechanism of action. The mechanism of action of tricyclic secondary amine antidepressants is only partly understood. TCAs have dual inhibition effects on norepinephrine reuptake transporters and serotonin reuptake transporters. Increased norepinephrine and serotonin concentrations are obtained by inhibiting both of these transporter proteins. TCAs have substantially more affinity for norepinephrine reuptake proteins than the SSRIs. This is because of a formation of secondary amine TCA metabolites.[28][29]. In addition, the TCAs interact with adrenergic receptors. This interaction seems to be critical for increased availability of norepinephrine in or near the synaptic clefts. Actions of imipramine-like tricyclic antidepressants have complex, secondary adaptions to their initial and sustained actions as inhibitors of norepinephrine transport and variable blockade of serotonin transport. Norepinephrine interacts with postsynaptic α and β adrenergic ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serotonin-norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitors
Direct catalytic oxidation of cyclohexene to 1, 2-cyclohexanediol by aqueous hydrogen peroxide under solvent-free condition,...Direct catalytic oxidation of cyclohexene to 1, 2-cyclohexanediol by aqueous hydrogen peroxide under solvent-free condition,...
Read Direct catalytic oxidation of cyclohexene to 1, 2-cyclohexanediol by aqueous hydrogen peroxide under solvent-free condition, Research on Chemical Intermediates on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
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VENLAFAXINEVENLAFAXINE
1. CIMETIDINE - Concurrent administration of venlafaxine and cimetidine (both at steady state) has resulted in a 43% reduction in the oral clearance of venlafaxine and a 60% increase in the AUC and peak concentration of venlafaxine (Prod Info Effexor(R), 2000). The major metabolite, O-desmethylvenlafaxine, was unaffected by cimetidine, and is present in much greater amounts than the parent drug. It is not known if a clinically significant interaction will occur with this combination. Patients should be monitored for signs of venlafaxine toxicity, and the dose of venlafaxine reduced if necessary ...
http://antidepressantsfacts.com/effexor.htm
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Venlafaxin ER (Venlafaxine Hydrochloride) MephaVenlafaxin ER (Venlafaxine Hydrochloride) Mepha
Venlafaxin ER information about active ingredients, pharmaceutical forms and doses by Mepha, Venlafaxin ER indications, usages and related health products lists
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Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor | NASGPSerotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor | NASGP
This website uses cookies to handle user logins and anonymous analytics to help us improve our user experience. View our cookie policy. ...
https://www.nasgp.org.uk/tag/serotonin-norepinephrine-reuptake-inhibitor/
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Buy Venlafaxine Online! Venlafaxine is in a class of antidepressants called serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). Its not related to other antidepressants, such as the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) Prozac (fluoxetine) and Zoloft (sertraline), or tricyclic antidepressants such as Elavil (amitriptyline).
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Study Evaluating Desvenlafaxine Succinate Sustained-Release Tablets (DVS SR) In The Treatment Of Child and Adolescent...Study Evaluating Desvenlafaxine Succinate Sustained-Release Tablets (DVS SR) In The Treatment Of Child and Adolescent...
C-SSRS is a participant rated questionnaire to assess suicidal ideation, suicidal behavior, actual attempts (yes or no responses), and intensity of ideation (rated 1=low severity to 5=high severity). Yes/No responses are mapped to Columbia Classification Algorithm of Suicide Assessment (C-CASA) categories: Completed suicide, suicide attempt, preparatory acts toward imminent suicidal behavior, suicidal ideation, and self-injurious behavior, or no suicidal intent. A participant could have a yes or no response in more than one category ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT00669110
Venlafaxine - SNPediaVenlafaxine - SNPedia
Venlafaxine, trade name Effexor, is a drug used to treat depression. It is primarily metabolized by CYP2D6, and to a smaller extent, CYP3A4. The drug can be categorized as a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). These can be contrasted with the more widely used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which act upon serotonin alone. Individuals who are CYP2D6 poor metabolizers, mostly individuals with two copies from among the alleles CYP2D6*4, CYP2D6*5, and CYP2D6*6, are at risk for more side effects (p,0.005) in comparison with other patients. These side effects include gastrointestinal problems such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. However, the efficacy of venlafaxine was the same regardless of CYP2D6 genotype.[PMID 16958828] SNPs that influence how well this drug works based on a patients genotype(s) include: ...
https://www.snpedia.com/index.php/Venlafaxine
Desvenlafaxine succinate | CAS No. 386750-22-7 | APIs; APIs; Antidepressant - Atul Bio Sience LtdDesvenlafaxine succinate | CAS No. 386750-22-7 | APIs; APIs; Antidepressant - Atul Bio Sience Ltd
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PRISTIQ (desvenlafaxine succinate) | Pfizer Medical Information - CanadaPRISTIQ (desvenlafaxine succinate) | Pfizer Medical Information - Canada
PRISTIQ medication page for healthcare professionals to search for scientific information on Pfizer medications. Also find the package insert, announcements, resources, and ways to connect with Pfizer Medical through a variety of channels.
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Serum level of venlafaxine is associated with better memory in psychotic disorders - Department of PsychologySerum level of venlafaxine is associated with better memory in psychotic disorders - Department of Psychology
Antipsychotics have at best small positive effects on cognitive performance. There is a lack of knowledge regarding the effects of antidepressants on cognitive functioning in these disorders. In the present study cognitive performance was investigated in relation to serum levels of antidepressants in persons with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Serum concentrations of escitalopram, citalopram and venlafaxine plus O-desmethylvenlafaxine were measured in a total of 187 participants with bipolar disorder (N = 74) or schizophrenia spectrum disorders (N = 113), and analyzed in relation to neuropsychological tests performance of verbal learning, verbal memory, attention, working memory, executive functioning and processing speed. Analyses were performed using linear regression adjusting for a range of confounders.. There was a significant positive association between the serum level of venlafaxine plus O-desmethylvenlafaxine and verbal memory (immediate recall: Logical Memory Test immediate recall ...
https://www.sv.uio.no/psi/english/research/publications/articles/2016/vaskinn_eiel-steen_aas_simonsen_dieset_et.al.html
Desvenlafaxine (Oral Route) Before Using - Mayo ClinicDesvenlafaxine (Oral Route) Before Using - Mayo Clinic
Do not take desvenlafaxine with a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor (eg, isocarboxazid [Marplan®], linezolid (Zyvox®), methylene blue injection, phenelzine [Nardil®], selegiline [Eldepryl®], tranylcypromine [Parnate®]). Do not start taking desvenlafaxine during the 2 weeks after you stop a MAO inhibitor and wait 1 week after stopping desvenlafaxine before you start taking a MAO inhibitor. If you take them together or do not wait the proper amount of time, you may develop confusion, agitation, restlessness, stomach or intestinal symptoms, a sudden high body temperature, an extremely high blood pressure, or severe convulsions. Do not take any medicine that contains venlafaxine (Effexor®) while you are using Khedezla® or Pristiq®. Desvenlafaxine may cause some teenagers and young adults to be agitated, irritable, or display other abnormal behaviors. It may also cause some people to have suicidal thoughts and tendencies or to become more depressed. Some people may have trouble sleeping, get ...
https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/desvenlafaxine-oral-route/before-using/drg-20071583?p=1
Design and synthesis of potential serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitors and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors for...Design and synthesis of potential serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitors and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors for...
Depression is a common disease characterized by feelings of deep sadness, guiltiness, loss of interest in once pleasurable activities, and thoughts of self-harm among others. Affecting an estimated 121 million people worldwide, depression does not discriminate on the basis of gender, age, culture or social status. Research shows a diminished concentration of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine in the synapses between neurons of depressed patients. For this reason, and with the advent of new and more powerful computational tools, two families of compounds called Serotonin-Selective Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) have been developed. These compounds block the reuptake process of serotonin and norepinephrine into the presynaptic neuron in order to increase the amount of these neurotransmitters in the synapses. Although these drugs have been successful in the treatment of depression, the side effects that accompany them are the ...
https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/baylor-ir/handle/2104/8028?show=full
Desvenlafaxine (Oral route) - Loyola University Health SystemDesvenlafaxine (Oral route) - Loyola University Health System
It is important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits, to allow for changes in your dose and to help reduce any side effects. Your doctor may want to check your blood and blood pressure for any unwanted effects caused by this medicine. Do not take desvenlafaxine with a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor (eg, isocarboxazid [Marplan®], linezolid (Zyvox®), methylene blue injection, phenelzine [Nardil®], selegiline [Eldepryl®], tranylcypromine [Parnate®]). Do not start taking desvenlafaxine during the 14 days after you stop a MAO inhibitor and wait 7 days after stopping desvenlafaxine before you start taking a MAO inhibitor. If you take them together or do not wait the proper amount of time, you may develop confusion, agitation, restlessness, stomach or intestinal symptoms, a sudden high body temperature, an extremely high blood pressure, or severe convulsions. Do not take any medicine that contains venlafaxine (Effexor®) while you are using Khedezla® or Pristiq®. ...
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Augmentation of venlafaxine and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors with zolpidem improves sleep and quality of life in...Augmentation of venlafaxine and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors with zolpidem improves sleep and quality of life in...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Augmentation of venlafaxine and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors with zolpidem improves sleep and quality of life in breast cancer patients with hot flashes. T2 - A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. AU - Joffe, Hadine. AU - Partridge, Ann. AU - Giobbie-Hurder, Anita. AU - Li, Xiaochun. AU - Habin, Karleen. AU - Goss, Paul. AU - Winer, Eric. AU - Garber, Judy. PY - 2010/9/1. Y1 - 2010/9/1. N2 - Objective: Hot flashes are a major quality-of-life issue for breast cancer survivors, interrupting sleep, reducing quality of life, and diminishing treatment adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapies. Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are used widely but are only partially effective for hot flashes. Alternative strategies are needed. We hypothesized that augmentation of SSRI/SNRI therapy with hypnotic agents would optimize hot flash therapy by improving sleep and quality of life. Methods: Women ...
https://indiana.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/augmentation-of-venlafaxine-and-selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhi
J Clin Psychiatry/Sleep Changes After 4 Consecutive Days of Venlafaxine Administration in Normal VolunteersJ Clin Psychiatry/Sleep Changes After 4 Consecutive Days of Venlafaxine Administration in Normal Volunteers
Background: The purpose was to examine the effect of the antidepressant drug venlafaxine on sleep architecture and periodic leg movements of sleep (PLMS) in normal volunteers.. Method: Eight normal volunteers were studied under laboratory sleep conditions as follows: 1 acclimatization night, 1 baseline night, and 4 consecutive nights of venlafaxine p.o. administration (75 mg during the first 2 nights and 150 mg the last 2 nights). Results: Venlafaxine increased both wake time and sleep stage I. Sleep stages II and III were reduced. REM sleep time was reduced after the first venlafaxine dose, and, by the fourth night, REM sleep was completely suppressed in all volunteers. Six of the eight volunteers showed PLMS at a frequency above 25 per hour. Conclusion: Venlafaxine produces several sleep disturbances, which include abnormal leg movements. ...
http://www.psychiatrist.com/JCP/article/Pages/1997/v58n08/v58n0803.aspx
Venlafaxine | ONSVenlafaxine | ONS
Hot flash scores were lower in the clonidine group than the placebo group at week 12 ( p = .03), and lower in the venlaxafine group than placebo, though not statistically significant ( p = .07). Over the 12-week period, reduction in the venlaxafine group was 41% ( P,.001), 26% in the clonidine group ( p=.045), and 29% in the placebo group (p,.001). Those on venlaxafine tended to have some loss of appetite ( p = .003) as well as symptoms of nausea. Sleep and sexual function were not different between the two treatment groups. At week 12, anxiety and depression scores were higher in the venlafaxine than the clonidine group. (p = .03). Significantly lower hot flash scores began in the venlafaxine group compared to placebo in weeks 1-4 (p =.01), and in the clonidine group, lower scores began compared to placebo in weeks 5-8 ( p = .04). ...
https://www.ons.org/intervention/venlafaxine-0
The Broken Buddha by Ven.Dhammika and other scandals - Page 9 - Dhamma...The Broken Buddha by Ven.Dhammika and other scandals - Page 9 - Dhamma...
For someone in mental cultivation, the sensitivity should increase not only about the internal drama but also the gross onethat going externally, but for Ven. Ariyananda, the latter one is a threat. He dwells comfortably when bhikkhus do not knowthings about Nā-Uyana according to reality (yathābhūtam na pajānāti). Sometimes, he know that they know, but just pretends that he do not know that they know. So in the end, both parties pretend that they do not know, and live happily ever after in an artificial ignorance. The Buddha called this harmony by non-Dhamma (adhammena samaggaṃ). But if someone stepped outside this dilemma, showing that he do know, then things get worse by putting his own self in danger.Several years back, Ven. (Digana) Sugatavaṃsa refused those fake dhyanas given by Ven. Ariyananda and accused Ven.Ariyananda and his students as cheating and not having any dhyanas or real practice. This made Ven. Ariyananda more than unhappy, where he blamed and embarrassed Ven. ...
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Desvenlafaxine Medical Definition | Merriam-Webster Medical DictionaryDesvenlafaxine Medical Definition | Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary
Medical definition of desvenlafaxine: a drug that functions as an SNRI and is administered orally chiefly in the form of its succinate C16H25NO2·C4H6O4·H2O or fumarate C16H25NO2·C4H4O4 especially to treat depression.
https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/desvenlafaxine
Desvenlafaxine and garcinia cambogia Drug Interactions - Drugs.comDesvenlafaxine and garcinia cambogia Drug Interactions - Drugs.com
View drug interactions between desvenlafaxine and garcinia cambogia. These medicines may also interact with certain foods or diseases.
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Buy Efexor Online! Efexor is in a class of antidepressants called serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). Its not related to other antidepressants, such as the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) Prozac (fluoxetine) and Zoloft (sertraline), or tricyclic antidepressants such as Elavil (amitriptyline).
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Efficacy and Adverse Effects of Venlafaxine in Children and Adolescents with ADHD: A Systematic Review of Non-controlled and...Efficacy and Adverse Effects of Venlafaxine in Children and Adolescents with ADHD: A Systematic Review of Non-controlled and...
Title:Efficacy and Adverse Effects of Venlafaxine in Children and Adolescents with ADHD: A Systematic Review of Non-controlled and Controlled Trials. VOLUME: 8 ISSUE: 1. Author(s):Ahmad Ghanizadeh, Roger D. Freeman and Michael Berk. Affiliation:Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran.. Keywords:ADHD, venlafaxine, noradrenaline, treatment, trial, O-desmethylvenlafaxine, norepinephrine, serotonin, antidepressants, efficacy. Abstract:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common psychiatric disorder in children and adolescents. Stimulants are commonly prescribed for ADHD management. There is clinical trial evidence that some medications with noradrenergic properties such as atomoxetine are effective. It is of theoretical and practical importance if other agents with noradrenergic properties display a comparable pattern of efficacy. This paper is a systematic review of the ...
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Treatment Resistant Depression Market Is Expected To Reach US$ 1,129.1 Mn By 2024, Expanding At A CAGR Of 3% From 2016 To 2024:...Treatment Resistant Depression Market Is Expected To Reach US$ 1,129.1 Mn By 2024, Expanding At A CAGR Of 3% From 2016 To 2024:...
According to the latest report published by Credence Research, Inc. Treatment Resistant Depression Market: Growth, Future Prospects and Competitive Analysis, 2016-2024, the treatment resistant depression market was valued at US$ 863.9 Mn in 2015, and is expected to reach US$ 1,129.1 Mn by 2024, expanding at a CAGR of 3% from 2016 to 2024.. Browse the full report Treatment Resistant Depression Market: Growth, Future Prospects and Competitive Analysis, 2016-2024 report at http://www.credenceresearch.com/report/treatment-resistant-depression-market. Market Insights. Depression is among the most common mental disorders worldwide, affecting approximately 6.7% individuals in the U.S. alone, each year (Anxiety and Depression Association of America). This condition also creates a significant economic burden on the healthcare system. Patients diagnosed with treatment resistant depression has failed two or more antidepressant therapies. Such patients present a critical therapeutic challenge to mental ...
http://www.getnews.info/610684/treatment-resistant-depression-market-is-expected-to-reach-us-11291-mn-by-2024-expanding-at-a-cagr-of-3-from-2016-to-2024-credence-research.html
Men and depression | The College of Family Physicians of CanadaMen and depression | The College of Family Physicians of Canada
Do not ignore it. In a gentle and friendly way, bring it up. Use prompts like the following: You dont seem to have energy. Do you feel OK? If you say that you think the man is depressed, you risk deterring him from admitting any problems. Remember that many people, including men, position depression as a female affliction that few men get. Do not avoid inquiring about thoughts of suicide, as men will rarely bring these up on their own.. Depression in men can be treated successfully with antidepressant medication, psychotherapy, or a combination of both. Several pharmacologic agents have evidence of efficacy.16 These include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclics, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. There is no evidence to indicate that pharmacologic antidepressant treatment is any more or less effective for men compared with women.17 Unfortunately, it is well documented that antidepressants, particularly SSRIs, negatively affect ...
https://www.cfp.ca/content/57/2/153?ijkey=9f0b88e736a25c10fbb3079b641248383a0d2fc0&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
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AV-101, an NMDA receptor glycine-binding (GlyB) site antagonist, is a new generation oral antidepressant drug candidate in Phase 2 development, initially for the adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in patients with an inadequate response to standard FDA-approved antidepressant therapies, which consist primarily of commonly prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as well as atypical antipsychotics (such as aripiprazole) often administered with them, adjunctively. Orally-available AV-101 is a new generation drug candidate for MDD with a mechanism of action that is similar to that of ketamine, and fundamentally differentiated from all FDA-approved antidepressant therapies.. ...
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ZOLOFT® (sertraline HCl) Warnings and Precautions | Información Médica de Pfizer - PeruZOLOFT® (sertraline HCl) Warnings and Precautions | Información Médica de Pfizer - Peru
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and SSRIs, including ZOLOFT, can precipitate serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition. The risk is increased with concomitant use of other serotonergic drugs (including triptans, tricyclic antidepressants, fentanyl, lithium, tramadol, tryptophan, buspirone, amphetamines, and St. Johns Wort) and with drugs that impair metabolism of serotonin, i.e., MAOIs [See Contraindications (4), Drug Interactions (7.1)]. Serotonin syndrome can also occur when these drugs are used alone.. Serotonin syndrome signs and symptoms may include mental status changes (e.g., agitation, hallucinations, delirium, and coma), autonomic instability (e.g., tachycardia, labile blood pressure, dizziness, diaphoresis, flushing, hyperthermia), neuromuscular symptoms (e.g., tremor, rigidity, myoclonus, hyperreflexia, incoordination), seizures, and gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea).. The concomitant use of ZOLOFT with MAOIs is ...
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O-DESMETHYLVENLAFAXINE - Patent applicationO-DESMETHYLVENLAFAXINE - Patent application
0109]Glacial acetic acid (300 ml) and 1-[cyano(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]cyclohexanol (100 g) were placed into an autoclave vessel, into which nickel alloy catalyst (15 g) in glacial acetic acid (300 ml) was added and the vessel was flushed with hydrogen gas two times with a pressure of about 2 kg/cm2. The reaction mixture was slowly heated to about 55° C. and it was pressurized with hydrogen gas (up to 17 kg/cm2). The reaction mixture was stirred at about 55° C. under hydrogen pressure (10-15 kg/cm2) for about 4 to about 6 hours. After the completion of the reaction, the mixture was cooled to about 25° C. The catalyst was filtered, the filter was washed with acetic acid and then the acetic acid of the filtrate was distilled completely under vacuum. To the residue, water (500 ml) and toluene (300 ml) were added. The layers were separated. To the aqueous layer, ethyl acetate (500 ml) was added and the mixture was cooled to about 0° C. to about 10° C. Ammonia solution (200 ml, 25%) was added and ...
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RX Tariff | The efficient way to access the Scottish NHS Drug TariffRX Tariff | The efficient way to access the Scottish NHS Drug Tariff
Dosulepin, also known as dothiepin and sold under the brand name Prothiaden among others, is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) which is used in the treatment of depression. Dosulepin was once the most frequently prescribed antidepressant in the United Kingdom, but it is no longer widely used due to its relatively high toxicity in overdose without therapeutic advantages over other TCAs. It acts as a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) and also has other activities including antihistamine, antiadrenergic, antiserotonergic, anticholinergic, and sodium channel-blocking effects.. This information is from Wikipedia and may not be 100% accurate, its here to give a helping hand but please refer to the BNF if unsure. ...
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JCP CME. Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Extrapyramidal Side Effects of Antipsychotics: Results From the National FACE-SZ Cohort David Misdrahi, Arnaud Tessier, Antoine Daubigney, Wassilios G. Meissner, Franck Schurhoff, Laurent Boyer, Ophélia Godin, Ewa Bulzacka, Bruno Aouizerate, Meja Andrianarisoa, Fabrice Berna, Delphine Capdevielle, Isabelle Chereau-Boudet, Thierry DAmato, Caroline Dubertret, Julien Dubreucq, Catherine Faget-Agius, Christophe Lançon, Jasmina Mallet, Christine Passerieux, Romain Rey, Aurélie Schandrin, Mathieu Urbach, Pierre Vidailhet, Pierre-Michel Llorca, and Guillaume Fond for the FACE-SZ (FondaMental Academic Centers of Expertise for Schizophrenia) Group Activity , Posttest , Credits: 1.00 , Expires: 2/28/2021 , Keywords: Schizophrenia/Schizoaffective Disorders, Side Effects, Antipsychotics, Movement Disorders, Tardive Dyskinesia, Neurology. When you see patients taking antipsychotics, do you systematically evaluate them for extrapyramidal side effects? Read this ...
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EuroBolic.com: Sibutramine (trade name Meridia, Ectiva and Reductil), usually as sibutramine hydrochloride monohydrate, is an orally administered agent for the treatment of obesity, as an appetite suppressant. Meridia is a centrally-acting serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor structurally related to amphetamines, although its mechanism of action is distinct.
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Kashi introduces organic cereals - Drug Store NewsKashi introduces organic cereals - Drug Store News
Watson filed a regulatory approval application with the Food and Drug Administration for desvenlafaxine succinate extended-release tablets in the 50-mg and 100-mg strengths. The drug is a generic version of Pfizers Pristiq.. Watsons application included a paragraph IV certification, a legal assertion that patents covering the branded drug are invalid, unenforceable or wont be infringed, and the company said it was the first to file a complete application for a generic version of Pristiq. In response, Pfizer and others filed suit against Watson Friday in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware to try and prevent Watson from commercializing its product before the expiration of U.S. Patent No. 6,673,838, which is set to expire in 2022. The suit puts a stay of approval on Watsons drug until August 2015 or until the companies settle the case.. Pristiq had sales of about $559 million during the 12-month period ended in April, according to IMS Health.. ...
https://www.drugstorenews.com/article/kashi-introduces-organic-cereals/?device=mobile
Analysis of ven3 and ven6 reticulate mutants reveals the importance of arginine biosynthesis in Arabidopsis leaf development ::...Analysis of ven3 and ven6 reticulate mutants reveals the importance of arginine biosynthesis in Arabidopsis leaf development ::...
Autor: Molla-Morales, A. et al.; Genre: Zeitschriftenartikel; Im Druck veröffentlicht: 2011; Keywords: mesophyll growth|br/|carbamoyl phosphate synthetase|br/|reticulate leaves|br/|amino acid biosynthesis|br/|carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase|br/|phosphoenolpyruvate/phosphate-translocator|br/|chloroplast biogenesis|br/|mutational analysis|br/|shikimate pathway|br/|gene-expression|br/|bundle-sheath|br/|nitric-oxide|br/|thaliana|br/|leaves; Titel: Analysis of ven3 and ven6 reticulate mutants reveals the importance of arginine biosynthesis in Arabidopsis leaf development
http://pubman.mpdl.mpg.de/pubman/faces/viewItemOverviewPage.jsp?itemId=escidoc:1814788
What Is Pharmacology - Venlafaxine - MedicalrealmWhat Is Pharmacology - Venlafaxine - Medicalrealm
Venlafaxine is useful in treating patient with panic disorder, depression, phobia and generalized anxiety disorder. Venlafaxine will act as serotonin / noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor. ( SNRI)
http://www.medicalrealm.net/what-is-pharmacology---venlafaxine.html
KOPRI Repository: Photoprotective function of mycosporine-like aminoacids in a bipolar diatom (Porosira glacialis):...KOPRI Repository: Photoprotective function of mycosporine-like aminoacids in a bipolar diatom (Porosira glacialis):...
Ha, Sun-Yong, et al. 2014. Photoprotective function of mycosporine-like aminoacids in a bipolar diatom (Porosira glacialis): evidencefrom ultraviolet radiation and stable isotope probing. DIATOM RESEARCH, 29(4 ...
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Psycho-Babble Medication Thread 1094927Psycho-Babble Medication Thread 1094927
I am currently taking nortriptyline and lithium. I am prescribed Effexor, but for some reason it isnt agreeing with me.. I saw that you are on a very low dosage. I found Effexor 300 mg/day + nortriptyline 75 mg/day to be moderately effective. I wish I had thought to increase the nortriptyline to 100-150 mg/day. I might have had a robust response. It is possible that you would have less trouble tolerating Pristiq than Effexor. My guess is that the venlafaxine molecule does things that the desvenlafaxine metabolite does not - things that make venlafaxine problematic for you.. , I have been cautiously adding some MAO inhibiting herbs. Which ones?. , which seem to make a major difference. That is good to hear. A friend of mine might profit from this.. , Id like to try a MAOI again - but I think the chances are pretty slim of finding a doc willing to prescribe. I had a some form of hypertensive response to parnate,. That sometimes occurs spontaneously at the beginning of Parnate treatment, and does ...
https://www.dr-bob.org/cgi-bin/pb/mget.pl?post=/babble/20161215/msgs/1095002.html
EFFEXOR® XR (venlafaxine HCl) Medication Guide | Pfizer Medical Information - FinlandEFFEXOR® XR (venlafaxine HCl) Medication Guide | Pfizer Medical Information - Finland
Keep EFFEXOR XR and all medicines out of the reach of children.. General information about EFFEXOR. Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Medication Guide. Do not use EFFEXOR XR for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give EFFEXOR XR to other people, even if they have the same condition. It may harm them.. This Medication Guide summarizes the most important information about EFFEXOR XR. If you would like more information, talk with your healthcare provider. You may ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for information about EFFEXOR XR that is written for healthcare professionals. For more information about EFFEXOR XR call 1-800-438-1985 or go to www. EFFEXOR XR.com.. What are the ingredients in EFFEXOR XR? Active ingredient: (venlafaxine). Inactive ingredients:. ...
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Venlafaxine is an antidepressant. Effexor is a major brand name. It can also be used to treat OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder).
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How to come off Venlafaxine without the dizziness - Depression - MedHelpHow to come off Venlafaxine without the dizziness - Depression - MedHelp
Ive been on Venlafaxine for about 2 years. Im now down to 37.5 every other day, which I know is an incredibly low dose, but if I try going any longer without them I get the dizziness or brain shivers....
http://www.medhelp.org/posts/Depression/How-to-come-off-Venlafaxine-without-the-dizziness/show/1505826
Achiral determination of venlafaxine and metabolities in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography and on-line...Achiral determination of venlafaxine and metabolities in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography and on-line...
Achiral determination of venlafaxine and metabolities in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography and on-line automated sample preparation using restricted access material. Outcome from an naturalistic setting ...
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FDA Approves Pristiq for the Treatment of Adult Patients with Major Depressive DisorderFDA Approves Pristiq for the Treatment of Adult Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
The FDA has approved PRISTIQ (desvenlafaxine), an SNRI, to treat adult patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Wyeth expects to begin shipping PRISTIQ to wholesalers beginning in the second quarter of 2008.
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Treatment Resistant Depression Market Was Valued At US$ 863.9 Mn In 2015, And Is Expected To Reach US$ 1,129.1 Mn By 2024, Expanding At A CAGR Of 3% From 2016 To 2024
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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric diseases worldwide. The MDD market is a crowded and competitive market, with more than 30 marketed products available for the treatment of patients with MDD. The depression market is about to enter a dynamic phase with imminent patent expiries for top selling products, such as Eli Lillys Cymbalta, and Otsuka/BMSs Abilify, along with the recent launch of the multimodal antidepressant, Lundbeck/Takedas Brintellix, in January 2014, and the potential introduction of seven promising late-stage pipeline products into the market during the forecast period, from 2013 to 2023.. Pristiq (desvenlafaxine) is an SNRI antidepressant that was developed by Wyeth, before Wyeth was acquired by Pfizer. Pristiq was launched in the US and Australia in 2008, but is not available in the 5EU and Japan. Pristiq is closely related to Effexor, and more specifically, is the major active metabolite of Effexor. Therefore, despite being a newer SNRI ...
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CyclohexeneCyclohexene
"Cyclohexanol, method for producing cyclohexanol, and method for producing adipic acid" Plotkin, Jeffrey S. (2016-03-21). " ... Hydration of cyclohexene gives cyclohexanol, which can be dehydrogenated to give cyclohexanone, a precursor to caprolactam. The ... Musser, Michael T. (2005). "Cyclohexanol and Cyclohexanone". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley- ...
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CyclohexaneCyclohexane
The cyclohexanone-cyclohexanol mixture, called "KA oil", is a raw material for adipic acid and caprolactam, precursors to nylon ... Several million kilograms of cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol are produced annually. It is used as a solvent in some brands of ... Michael Tuttle Musser (2005). "Cyclohexanol and Cyclohexanone". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley ... Although rather unreactive, cyclohexane undergoes catalytic oxidation to produce cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclohexane
HydroperoxideHydroperoxide
Michael T. Musser (2005). "Cyclohexanol and Cyclohexanone". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroperoxide
TrifluoromethyltrimethylsilaneTrifluoromethyltrimethylsilane
Pichika Ramaiah; Ramesh Krishnamurt; G. K. Surya Prakash (1995). "1-Trifluoromethyl-1-cyclohexanol". Org. Synth. 72: 232. doi: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane
Organofluorine chemistryOrganofluorine chemistry
Pichika Ramaiah, Ramesh Krishnamurti, and G. K. Surya Prakash (1998). "1-trifluoromethyl)-1-cyclohexanol". Organic Syntheses: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organofluorine_chemistry
TrifluoromethylationTrifluoromethylation
"1-TRIFLUOROMETHYL-1-CYCLOHEXANOL". Organic Syntheses. 72 (72): 232. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.072.0232. Morimoto, H.; Tsubogo, T.; ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trifluoromethylation
Friedel-Crafts reactionFriedel-Crafts reaction
Cyclohexanol (C. 6). *2-Heptanol (C. 7). *3-Heptanol (C. 7). *2-Octanol (C. 8) ...
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Isopropyl alcoholIsopropyl alcohol
Cyclohexanol (C. 6). *2-Octanol (C. 8). Tertiary. alcohols (3°). *tert-Butyl alcohol (C. 4) ...
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6-oxohexanoate dehydrogenase6-oxohexanoate dehydrogenase
Donoghue NA, Trudgill PW (1975). "The metabolism of cyclohexanol by Acinetobacter NCIB 9871". Eur. J. Biochem. 60 (1): 1-7. doi ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6-oxohexanoate_dehydrogenase
AlicycliphilusAlicycliphilus
nov., a cyclohexanol-degrading, nitrate-reducing beta-proteobacterium". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary ...
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CometabolismCometabolism
Accidentally, this enzyme also oxidizes, at no additional cost for M. vaccae, cyclohexane into cyclohexanol. Thus, cyclohexane ... The latter can metabolize cyclohexanol, but not cyclohexane. Some of the molecules that are cometabolically degraded by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cometabolism
Cyclohexyl nitriteCyclohexyl nitrite
It is the ester of cyclohexanol and nitrous acid. It is an alkyl nitrite like amyl nitrite and butyl nitrite. It acts as an ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclohexyl_nitrite
PCHPPCHP
4-Phenyl-4-(1-piperidinyl)cyclohexanol, another PCP metabolite Nabeshima, Toshitaka; Yamaguchi, Kazumasa; Fukaya, Hiroaki; ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCHP
Trimethylsilyl iodideTrimethylsilyl iodide
Cyclohexanol from Cyclohexyl Methyl Ether". Organic Syntheses.; Collective Volume, 6, p. 353 "GC/MS Analysis for Morphine and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimethylsilyl_iodide
Cyclohexyl chlorideCyclohexyl chloride
... can be prepared from cyclohexanol by treatment with hydrogen chloride. Henry Gilman and W. E. Catlin (1926 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclohexyl_chloride
Cyclohexane-1,3-dione hydrolaseCyclohexane-1,3-dione hydrolase
Dangel W, Tschech A, Fuchs G (1989). "Enzyme-reactions involved in anaerobic cyclohexanol metabolism by a denitrifying ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclohexane-1,3-dione_hydrolase
3-hydroxycyclohexanone dehydrogenase3-hydroxycyclohexanone dehydrogenase
Dangel W, Tschech A, Fuchs G (1989). "Enzyme-reactions involved in anaerobic cyclohexanol metabolism by a denitrifying ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-hydroxycyclohexanone_dehydrogenase
BDPCBDPC
... (systematic name 4-(4-bromophenyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-1-(2-phenylethyl)cyclohexanol; also known as bromadol) is a potent ... "4-Amino-cyclohexanols, their pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use", issued 1982-12-28, assigned to Upjohn company ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BDPC
AlcoholAlcohol
cyclohexanol isobutyl alcohol,. 2-methylpropan-1-ol, or. 2-methyl-1-propanol tert-amyl alcohol,. 2-methylbutan-2-ol, or. 2- ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol
HydroxymethylationHydroxymethylation
Cyclohexanol from Cyclohexanone". Organic Syntheses. 69: 96. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.069.0096. M. Caporali, L. Gonsalvi, F. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxymethylation
CyclohexanoneCyclohexanone
Like cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone is not carcinogenic and is moderately toxic, with a TLV of 25 ppm for the vapor. It is an ... In some cases, purified cyclohexanol, obtained by hydration of cyclohexene, is the precursor. Alternatively, cyclohexanone can ... Cyclohexanone can be prepared from cyclohexanol by oxidation with chromium trioxide (Jones oxidation). An alternative method ... H2O This process co-forms cyclohexanol, and this mixture, called "KA Oil" for ketone-alcohol oil, is the main feedstock for the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclohexanone
A valueA value
The trans compound had rates identical to those found in the monosubstituted cyclohexanol. Using the A-Values of the hydroxyl ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_value
Adipic acidAdipic acid
... is produced from a mixture of cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol called KA oil, the abbreviation of ketone-alcohol oil ... Early in the reaction, the cyclohexanol is converted to the ketone, releasing nitrous acid: HOC6H11 + HNO3 → OC(CH2)5 + HNO2 + ... Related processes start from cyclohexanol, which is obtained from the hydrogenation of phenol. Several methods have been ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adipic_acid
Ojima lactamOjima lactam
The acid chloride reacts with the chiral auxiliary trans-2-phenyl-1-cyclohexanol. The benzyl group is then removed and replaced ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ojima_lactam
Diethyl azodicarboxylateDiethyl azodicarboxylate
Similarly, reacting DEAD with ethanol and cyclohexanol abstracts hydrogen producing acetaldehyde and cyclohexanone. Those ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diethyl_azodicarboxylate
LofepramineLofepramine
... an ethyl cyclohexanol derivative". Biochem. Pharmacol. 35 (24): 4493-7. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(86)90769-0. PMID 3790168. Sánchez ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lofepramine
Dehydration reactionDehydration reaction
"Dehydration of 2-Methyl-1-cyclohexanol: New Findings from a Popular Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment". J. Chem. Educ. 88 (8 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehydration_reaction
Chiral auxiliaryChiral auxiliary
... such as trans-2-phenyl-1-cyclohexanol and trans-2-(1-pheyl-1-methylethyl)cyclohexanol have been explored. 1,1'-Binaphthyl-2,2'- ... The menthol compound is difficult to prepare and as an alternative trans-2-phenyl-1-cyclohexanol was introduced by J. K. ... Synthetic strategies for setting a key stereocenter in atorvastatin Example of use of trans-2-phenyl-1-cyclohexanol as chiral ... Comins, D. L.; Salvador, J. D. (1993). "Efficient Synthesis and Resolution of trans-2-(1-Aryl-1-methylethyl)cyclohexanols: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiral_auxiliary
TramadolTramadol
Thus, 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol may exist in four different configurational forms: (1R,2R)-isomer ... Tramadol [2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol] has two stereogenic centers at the cyclohexane ring. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tramadol
Thermoresponsive polymers in chromatographyThermoresponsive polymers in chromatography
Cyclohexanol acted as a successful porogen showing a dependent relationship of pore size to temperature. The use of toluene as ... The in-situ preparation compared the use of cyclohexanol and toluene as porogens in the preparation of the modified polystyrene ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoresponsive_polymers_in_chromatography
Isobornyl cyclohexanol - WikipediaIsobornyl cyclohexanol - Wikipedia
Isobornyl cyclohexanol (IBCH, Sandenol) is an organic compound used primarily as a fragrance because of its aroma which is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isobornyl_cyclohexanol
Trans-2-Phenyl-1-cyclohexanol - WikipediaTrans-2-Phenyl-1-cyclohexanol - Wikipedia
The (−)-cyclohexanol and the (+)-ester are separated by fractional crystallization and the isolated (+)-ester hydrolyzed to the ... trans-2-Phenyl-1-cyclohexanol is an organic compound. The two enantiomers of this compound are used in organic chemistry as ... cyclohexanol in a separate step. The enantiomers have also been prepared by the Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation of 1- ... "Sharpless bishydroxylation procedure to trans-2-phenyl-1-cyclohexanol". Organic Syntheses.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-2-Phenyl-1-cyclohexanol
NIOSH Skin Notation Profile: Cyclohexanol | NIOSH | CDCNIOSH Skin Notation Profile: Cyclohexanol | NIOSH | CDC
NIOSH [2020]. NIOSH skin notation profile: cyclohexanol. By Hudson NL. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human ... This Skin Notation Profile provides the SK assignments and supportive data for cyclohexanol. In particular, this document ... NIOSH Skin Notation Profile Cyclohexanol 2021-101 pdf icon[PDF - 403 KB] ...
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2021-101/default.html
CyclohexanolCyclohexanol
1-Cyclohexanol; Cyclohexane, hydroxy-; Hydralin; Cicloesanolo; Cykloheksanol; Hydrophenol; NSC 403656 ...
https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/inchi?ID=C108930&Mask=2000&Type=LINEAR-RI-NON-POLAR-RAMP
Cyclohexanol, 2-mercaptoCyclohexanol, 2-mercapto
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database ...
https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C16166533
Methyl cyclohexanol | C7H14O | ChemSpiderMethyl cyclohexanol | C7H14O | ChemSpider
Structure, properties, spectra, suppliers and links for: Methyl cyclohexanol, 590-67-0.
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.11063.html
A microscale oxidation of cyclohexanol by potassium dichromate(VI)- Learn ChemistryA microscale oxidation of cyclohexanol by potassium dichromate(VI)- Learn Chemistry
A few drops of cyclohexanol is added and a clear reaction is observed for the formation of cyclohexanone. ... Cyclohexanol, C6H11OH(s) or (l) (HARMFUL) - see CLEAPSS Hazcard. Cyclohexanol has a melting point of 20 - 22°C (about room ... cyclohexanol. are added to the pool. There are clear signs of reaction as the cyclohexanone. is formed.. ... In cold laboratories, warm the cyclohexanol first!. Potassium dichromate(VI), K2Cr2O7(s), (OXIDISING, VERY TOXIC, DANGEROUS FOR ...
http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/resource/res00000554/a-microscale-oxidation-of-cyclohexanol-by-potassium-dichromate-vi
Diffusion coefficient of cyclohexanol in hexan-1-ol at infinite dilution | SpringerLinkDiffusion coefficient of cyclohexanol in hexan-1-ol at infinite dilution | SpringerLink
This chapter provides the diffusion coefficient of cyclohexanol in hexan-1-ol at infinite dilution for various temperature and ... This chapter provides the diffusion coefficient of cyclohexanol in hexan-1-ol at infinite dilution for various temperature and ... Winkelmann J. (2018) Diffusion coefficient of cyclohexanol in hexan-1-ol at infinite dilution. In: Lechner M.D. (eds) Diffusion ...
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-662-54089-3_1850
Cyclohexanol - MP BiomedicalsCyclohexanol - MP Biomedicals
Unless specified otherwise, MP Biomedicals products are for laboratory research use only, not for human or clinical use. For more information, please contact our customer service department ...
http://www.mpbio.com/index.php?cPath=1_6_38_265&country=223
4-Alkyl Substituted Cyclohexanols | Organic Chemicals | Spectrum Chemical4-Alkyl Substituted Cyclohexanols | Organic Chemicals | Spectrum Chemical
Get 4-Alkyl Substituted Cyclohexanols at Spectrum Chemical. SpectrumChemical.com carries a full line of fine chemicals, lab ...
https://www.spectrumchemical.com/OA_HTML/Chemicals_TCI-Organic-Chemicals_1-4-Disubstituted-Cyclohexanes_4-Substituted-Cyclohexanols_4-Alkyl-Substituted-Cyclohexanols.jsp?queryStr=A
Kinetics of dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone on a. Bag type copper-alloy catalyst | SpringerLinkKinetics of dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone on a. Bag type copper-alloy catalyst | SpringerLink
The kinetics of dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone on a Bag type copperalloy catalyst has been studied. A kinetic ... The kinetics of dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone on a Bag type copperalloy catalyst has been studied. A kinetic ... Kinetics of dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone on a. Bag type copper-alloy catalyst. ...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF02065860
1-METHYL-3-(2-METHYLPROPYL)CYCLOHEXANOL - Substance Information - ECHA1-METHYL-3-(2-METHYLPROPYL)CYCLOHEXANOL - Substance Information - ECHA
1-METHYL-3-(2-METHYLPROPYL)CYCLOHEXANOL. Regulatory process names 1 CAS names 1 IUPAC names 1 Other identifiers 2 ...
https://www.echa.europa.eu/web/guest/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.103.261
Enzyme reactions involved in anaerobic cyclohexanol metabolism by a denitrifying Pseudomonas speciesEnzyme reactions involved in anaerobic cyclohexanol metabolism by a denitrifying Pseudomonas species
The enzymes involved in the anaerobic degradation of cyclohexanol were searched for in a denitrifying Pseudomonas species which ... Enzyme reactions involved in anaerobic cyclohexanol metabolism by a denitrifying Pseudomonas species Arch Microbiol. 1989;152(3 ... Cyclohexanol dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of the substrate to cyclohexanone. Cyclohexanone dehydrogenase oxidizes ... The enzymes involved in the anaerobic degradation of cyclohexanol were searched for in a denitrifying Pseudomonas species which ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2505723/
Synthesis and purification of (r*,r*)-2-&lsqb (dimethylamino) methyl&rsqb -1-(3-methoxyphenyl) cyclohexanol hydrochloride -...Synthesis and purification of (r*,r*)-2-&lsqb (dimethylamino) methyl&rsqb -1-(3-methoxyphenyl) cyclohexanol hydrochloride -...
R*,R*)-2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol (Tramadol) is synthesized in a Grignard reaction in the ... Synthesis and purification of (r*,r*)-2-&lsqb (dimethylamino) methyl&rsqb -1-(3-methoxyphenyl) cyclohexanol hydrochloride ... Process for the purification of 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol and its salts. 1995-05-09. Cherkez et ... R*,R*)-2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol (Tramadol) is synthesized in a Grignard reaction in the ...
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/6399829.html
Catalysts | Free Full-Text | Nickel Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclohexanol into Cyclohexylamine in Water and Low Boiling Point...Catalysts | Free Full-Text | Nickel Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclohexanol into Cyclohexylamine in Water and Low Boiling Point...
Nickel is found to demonstrate high performance in the amination of cyclohexanol into cyclohexylamine in water and two solvents ... Keywords: nickel; cyclohexanol; cyclohexylamine; base; hydrogen nickel; cyclohexanol; cyclohexylamine; base; hydrogen ►▼ ... Qi Y, Yu H, Cao Q, Dong B, Mu X, Mao A. Nickel Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclohexanol into Cyclohexylamine in Water and Low ... Qi, Y.; Yu, H.; Cao, Q.; Dong, B.; Mu, X.; Mao, A. Nickel Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclohexanol into Cyclohexylamine in Water ...
http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/6/5/63
Diffusion coefficient of cyclohexanol in methanol at infinite dilution | Springer for Research & DevelopmentDiffusion coefficient of cyclohexanol in methanol at infinite dilution | Springer for Research & Development
This chapter provides the diffusion coefficient of cyclohexanol in methanol at infinite dilution for various temperature and ... Winkelmann J. (2018) Diffusion coefficient of cyclohexanol in methanol at infinite dilution. In: Lechner M.D. (eds) Diffusion ... This chapter provides the diffusion coefficient of cyclohexanol in methanol at infinite dilution for various temperature and ...
https://rd.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-662-54089-3_1847
1r,4r)-4-(dibenzylamino)cyclohexanol (CAS No. 149506-81-0) Suppliers @ ChemicalRegister.com1r,4r)-4-(dibenzylamino)cyclohexanol (CAS No. 149506-81-0) Suppliers @ ChemicalRegister.com
1r,4r)-4-(dibenzylamino)cyclohexanol (CAS No. 149506-81-0) Suppliers. EMAIL INQUIRY to 5 suppliers ... EMAIL INQUIRY to 5 (1r,4r)-4-(dibenzylamino)cyclohexanol (CAS No. 149506-81-0) suppliers ... Synonyms: Cyclohexanol, 4-[bis(phenylmethyl)amino]-, trans-, ACMC-20n5q7, SureCN384229, SureCN384230, SureCN8263972, CTK0E8699 ...
https://www.chemicalregister.com/1r_4r_-4-_dibenzylamino_cyclohexanol/Suppliers/pid610798.htm
Selective oxidation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone in the ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride - Chemical...Selective oxidation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone in the ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride - Chemical...
... conversion of cyclohexanol with 100% selectivity to cyclohexanone using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant and WO3 as a catalyst. ... 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride was found to effectively intensify cyclohexanol oxidation and resulted in 100% ... cyclohexanol. oxidation. and resulted in 100% conversion of cyclohexanol. with 100% selectivity to cyclohexanone. using ... cyclohexanol. to cyclohexanone. in the ionic liquid. 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. L. Chen, T. Zhou, L. Chen, Y. Ye, Z ...
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2011/CC/c1cc12989a
167081-25-6 - cis-4-(Boc-amino)cyclohexanol, 97% - tert-Butyl cis-4-hydroxycyclohexylcarbamate - H62238 - Alfa Aesar167081-25-6 - cis-4-(Boc-amino)cyclohexanol, 97% - tert-Butyl cis-4-hydroxycyclohexylcarbamate - H62238 - Alfa Aesar
cis-4-(Boc-amino)cyclohexanol is used as a reagent to synthesize pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines, compounds that potentially act as ...
https://www.alfa.com/en/catalog/H62238/
2-methyl-5-(2-methyl-2-oxiranyl)cyclohexanol | C10H18O2 - ChemSynthesis2-methyl-5-(2-methyl-2-oxiranyl)cyclohexanol | C10H18O2 - ChemSynthesis
... cyclohexanol - chemical structural formula, chemical names, chemical properties, synthesis references ... cyclohexanol , butyl pentanoate (591-68-4) , 1-fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene (402-44-8) , 2-(1-methyl-cyclohexyl)- ...
http://www.chemsynthesis.com/base/chemical-structure-30464.html
trans-4-(Boc-amino)cyclohexanol | 100 g | Toronto Research Chemicals - Bio-Connecttrans-4-(Boc-amino)cyclohexanol | 100 g | Toronto Research Chemicals - Bio-Connect
... cyclohexanol , Packing: 100 g , Brand: Toronto Research Chemicals , Other sizes available ... trans-4-(Boc-amino)cyclohexanol is an intermediate in the synthesis of potent activators of Heme-regulated inhibitor kinase. ... cyclohexanol; trans-tert-Butyl (4-Hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate; (trans-4-Hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamic Acid 1,1-Dimethylethyl Ester ...
https://www.bio-connect.nl/chemicals/trans-4-boc-aminocyclohexanol/b617685_100g/sfid/7438207
Identification of a Transcriptional Activator (ChnR) and a 6-Oxohexanoate Dehydrogenase (ChnE) in the Cyclohexanol Catabolic...Identification of a Transcriptional Activator (ChnR) and a 6-Oxohexanoate Dehydrogenase (ChnE) in the Cyclohexanol Catabolic...
Pathway of degradation of cyclohexanol byAcinetobacter sp. strain NCIMB 9871. ChnA, cyclohexanol dehydrogenase; ChnB, ... The metabolism of cyclohexanol by Acinetobacter NCIB 9871. Eur. J. Biochem. 60 1975 1 7 ... strain NCIMB 9871 is capable of utilizing cyclohexanol as a sole carbon source for growth (9). This organism is best known for ... The fact that the remaining genes in the cyclohexanol degradation pathway appear to be present in three separate operons (13) ...
https://aem.asm.org/content/65/11/5158
Cyclohexanol to Cyclohexene | Distillation | Chemical ReactionsCyclohexanol to Cyclohexene | Distillation | Chemical Reactions
Cyclohexanol to Cyclohexene - Free download as Word Doc (.doc), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. ... cyclohexanol (note, this is 10.0 g not 10.0 mL), and a boiling. chip. Put a cork on the top of the flask, and shake gently to ... Dehydration of cyclohexanol to cyclohexene can be accomplished by. pyrolysis of the cyclic secondary alcohol with an acid ... Cyclohexene from Cyclohexanol. from K. L. Williamson, Macroscale and Microscale Organic. Experiments, 2nd Ed. 1994, Houghton ...
https://www.scribd.com/document/248466836/Cyclohexanol-to-Cyclohexene
bmse000431 Cyclohexanol at BMRBbmse000431 Cyclohexanol at BMRB
Cyclohexanol. Cyclohexanol bmse000431 - Data Cyclohexanol synonyms. ANOL; Hexalin; CXL; Cyclohexanone cyclohexanol mixture; ... cyclohexanol. PubChem Substance (SID): 85165220 4111 38324432. PubChem Compound (CID): 7966. KEGG: Compound ID C00854. CAS ...
http://bmrb.wisc.edu/metabolomics/mol_summary/?molName=Cyclohexanol
Direct biocatalytic one-pot-transformation of cyclohexanol with molecular oxygen into ɛ-caprolactoneDirect biocatalytic one-pot-transformation of cyclohexanol with molecular oxygen into ɛ-caprolactone
... Staudt S, Bornscheuer UT ... Staudt S, Bornscheuer UT, Menyes U, Hummel W, Gröger H. Direct biocatalytic one-pot-transformation of cyclohexanol with ... S. Staudt, et al., "Direct biocatalytic one-pot-transformation of cyclohexanol with molecular oxygen into ɛ-caprolactone", ... Staudt, S., Bornscheuer, U.T., Menyes, U., Hummel, W., Gröger, H.: Direct biocatalytic one-pot-transformation of cyclohexanol ...
https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/publication/2621177
Cyclohexanol Production via Esterification of Cyclohexene with Formic Acid and Subsequent Hydration of the EsterReaction...Cyclohexanol Production via Esterification of Cyclohexene with Formic Acid and Subsequent Hydration of the EsterReaction...
Cyclohexanol Production via Esterification of Cyclohexene with Formic Acid and Subsequent Hydration of the EsterReaction ...
https://www.infona.pl/resource/bwmeta1.element.acs-doi-10_1021_ie060781y
Cyclohexanol - Registration Dossier - ECHACyclohexanol - Registration Dossier - ECHA
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.. ...
https://chesar.echa.europa.eu/web/guest/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15181/7/10/4
Benzene-Cyclohexanol Azeotropic Data - SpringerMaterialsBenzene-Cyclohexanol Azeotropic Data - SpringerMaterials
Benzene-Cyclohexanol Azeotropic Data azd_c31c252 (Springer-Verlag GmbH, Heidelberg, © 2010-2014) ...
https://materials.springer.com/thermophysical/docs/azd_c31c252?error=cookies_not_supported&code=90e9d465-1279-48ba-9e6e-77f17b2597e6
trans-2-Benzylamino-1-cyclohexanoltrans-2-Benzylamino-1-cyclohexanol
Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHAs eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure ...
http://www.chemicaldictionary.org/dic/T/trans-2-Benzylamino-1-cyclohexanol_2235.html
CyclohexanoneCyclohexaneDehydration of cyclohexanolDehydrogenaseAlcoholsCyclohexylamineSystematic nameSynthesisPhenolConvert cyclohexanolConverts cyclohexanolCyclohexylDegradationMethylKineticsSolventAlcoholAdipic acid9871ReactionsToxicEnzymeChemical PropertiesAcidCatalystMetabolismExperimentOrganicNylonWaterProductMolecular
Cyclohexanone14
  • Cyclohexanol is produced by the oxidation of cyclohexane in air, typically using cobalt catalysts: C6H12 + 1/2 O2 → C6H11OH This process co-forms cyclohexanone, and this mixture ("KA oil" for ketone-alcohol oil) is the main feedstock for the production of adipic acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • Alternatively, cyclohexanol can be produced by the hydrogenation of phenol: C6H5OH + 3 H2 → C6H11OH This process can also be adjusted to favor the formation of cyclohexanone. (wikipedia.org)
  • Michael Tuttle Musser "Cyclohexanol and Cyclohexanone" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005. (wikipedia.org)
  • In enzymology, a cyclohexanol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.245) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction cyclohexanol + NAD+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } cyclohexanone + NADH + H+ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are cyclohexanol and NAD+, whereas its 3 products are cyclohexanone, NADH, and H+. (wikipedia.org)
  • A few drops of cyclohexanol is added and a clear reaction is observed for the formation of cyclohexanone. (rsc.org)
  • This is due to the differences in physical properties such as surface tension and viscosity of the product (cyclohexanone) compared to the reactant (cyclohexanol). (rsc.org)
  • Kinetics of dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone on a. (springer.com)
  • The kinetics of dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone on a Bag type copperalloy catalyst has been studied. (springer.com)
  • Cyclohexanol dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of the substrate to cyclohexanone. (nih.gov)
  • Ionic liquid (IL) 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride was found to effectively intensify cyclohexanol oxidation and resulted in 100% conversion of cyclohexanol with 100% selectivity to cyclohexanone using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant and WO 3 as a catalyst . (rsc.org)
  • Subsequent detailed studies on the impact of the starting material, intermediate and product components revealed a significant inhibition and partial deactivation of the BVMO by the product ɛ-caprolactone (in particular at higher concentrations) as well as an inhibition of the BVMO by cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Electroantennogram recordings from transformed and wild-type flies were used to identify cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, benzaldehyde, and benzyl alcohol as ligands for the Or43a. (pnas.org)
  • Decarboxylation is accomplished by mixing about 80 g tryptophan in 250 mL of high-boiling solvent (xylene, DMSO, cyclohexanol, etc.), adding a dash of a ketone (I like 5 g of cyclohexanone, but a couple grams of MEK works reasonably well), heat it to around 150 deg, and when evolution of CO 2 ceases/solution is clear, the reaction is complete. (erowid.org)
  • 26. Cyclohexanol & Cyclohexanone. (routledge.com)
Cyclohexane4
  • Nickel is found to demonstrate high performance in the amination of cyclohexanol into cyclohexylamine in water and two solvents with low boiling points: tetrahydrofuran and cyclohexane. (mdpi.com)
  • Production Methods Cyclohexanol is prepared by the catalytic air oxidation of cyclohexane or by the catalytic hydrogenation of phenol. (chemicalbook.com)
  • The experiment thus far has completed the first three steps in the cycle: the dehydration of cyclohexanol (79.75% yield) which utilized Montmorillonite K10 and heat as reagents, the bromination of cyclohexane (67.34% yield) which utilized HBr, H2O2, and H2O as reagents, and the debromination of trans-1,2-dibromocyclohexane (95.89% yield) which utilized Zinc, H2O, and heat as reagents. (shalom-retreats.com)
  • Cyclohexanols are compounds containing an alcohol group attached to a cyclohexane ring. (hmdb.ca)
Dehydration of cyclohexanol5
  • Dehydration of cyclohexanol to cyclohexene can be accomplished by pyrolysis of the cyclic secondary alcohol with an acid catalyst at a moderate temperature or by distillation over alumina or silica gel. (scribd.com)
  • Here we demonstrate that hydronium ions confined in the nanopores of zeolite HBEA catalyse aqueous phase dehydration of cyclohexanol at a rate significantly higher than hydronium ions in water. (nature.com)
  • for both cases, the dehydration of cyclohexanol occurs via an E1 mechanism with the cleavage of C β -H bond being rate determining. (nature.com)
  • Dehydration of cyclohexanol catalysed by dilute hydronium ions (dissociated from H 3 PO 4 ) leads solely to the formation of cyclohexene. (nature.com)
  • In the dehydration of cyclohexanol, Montmorillonite K10 clay was used as an acid catalyst, which promoted dehydration. (shalom-retreats.com)
Dehydrogenase2
  • Identification of a Transcriptional Activator (ChnR) and a 6-Oxohexanoate Dehydrogenase (ChnE) in the Cyclohexanol Catabolic Pathway in Acinetobacter sp. (asm.org)
  • The gene sequence of chnE , which encodes an NADP + -linked 6-oxohexanoate dehydrogenase, the enzyme catalyzing the fifth step of cyclohexanol degradation, was also determined. (asm.org)
Alcohols2
  • This is a quick microscale experiment to illustrate that alcohols like cyclohexanol react with acidified dichromate(VI). (rsc.org)
  • Alkenes from Alcohols: Cyclohexene from Cyclohexanol 20. (abebooks.com)
Cyclohexylamine1
  • Qi Y, Yu H, Cao Q, Dong B, Mu X, Mao A. Nickel Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclohexanol into Cyclohexylamine in Water and Low Boiling Point Solvents. (mdpi.com)
Systematic name1
  • The systematic name of this enzyme class is cyclohexanol:NAD+ oxidoreductase. (wikipedia.org)
Synthesis3
  • trans-4-(Boc-amino)cyclohexanol is an intermediate in the synthesis of potent activators of Heme-regulated inhibitor kinase. (bio-connect.nl)
  • Synthesis of Cyclohexanol Author: Ahmed Ayyash 06/06/13 Introduction: In this experiment, cyclohexanol was prepared from an initial cyclohexene. (shalom-retreats.com)
  • Jope, RS & Johnson, GVW 1986, ' Quinacrine and 2-(4-phenylpiperidino)cyclohexanol (AH5183) inhibit acetylcholine release and synthesis in rat brain slices ', Molecular Pharmacology , vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 45-51. (elsevier.com)
Phenol4
  • INTISARI Pabrik cyclohexanol dari phenol dan hydrogen dengan kapasitas 25.000 ton/tahun direncanakan didirikan di Kawasan Industri Cilacap, Jawa Tengah dengan luas tanah 5.279 m2. (upnyk.ac.id)
  • Reaksi pembuatan cyclohexanol diawali dengan mereaksikan phenol dan hydrogen dengan fase gas - gas dalam Reaktor Fixedbed (R-01) pada kondisi suhu reaktor 190,04 oC dan tekanan 1,3 atm. (upnyk.ac.id)
  • Campuran air, cyclohexanon, cyclohexanol dan phenol dalam fase gas dialirkan menuju Condensor Partial (CDP-01). (upnyk.ac.id)
  • Dengan demikian ditinjau dari segi teknis dan ekonomi, pabrik cyclohexanol dari phenol dan hidrogen layak untuk dipertimbangkan dan dikaji lebih lanjut. (upnyk.ac.id)
Convert cyclohexanol1
  • 14-36 Show how to convert cyclohexanol to these compounds. (bartleby.com)
Converts cyclohexanol2
  • Heating in the presence of acid catalysts converts cyclohexanol to cyclohexene. (wikipedia.org)
  • The development of a biocatalytic process concept for ɛ-caprolactone, which directly converts cyclohexanol as an easily available industrial raw material into the desired ɛ-caprolactone in a one-pot fashion while only requiring air as sole reagent, is reported. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Cyclohexyl2
  • cyclohexyl cation + hydrogen sulphate + water protonated cyclohexanol + cyclohexyl hydrogen sulphate 3. (shalom-retreats.com)
  • cyclohexyl hydrogen sulphate protonated cyclohexanol + HSO4 4. (shalom-retreats.com)
Degradation3
  • The enzymes involved in the anaerobic degradation of cyclohexanol were searched for in a denitrifying Pseudomonas species which metabolizes this alicyclic compound to CO2 anaerobically. (nih.gov)
  • We are interested in isolating and characterizing additional genes of the cyclohexanol degradation (designated chn for c yclo h exa n ol) pathway (Fig. 1 ) with the goal of determining the regulation of this pathway and its potential for biocatalysis and strain development. (asm.org)
  • Pathway of degradation of cyclohexanol by Acinetobacter sp. (asm.org)
Methyl2
  • R*,R*)-2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol (Tramadol) is synthesized in a Grignard reaction in the presence of an additive resulting in a higher trans:cis ratio of product than is obtained in the absence of the additive. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • Recrystallization from isopropanol gives (R*,R*)2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-metboxyphenyl)cyclohexanol hydrochloride free of the nitrile solvent. (freepatentsonline.com)
Kinetics1
  • To delineate the thermodynamic and kinetic impact of the sub-nanometre-sized confines on the catalytic chemistry of hydronium ions, the kinetics and elementary steps of the dehydration of a secondary alcohol, cyclohexanol, in water and in pores of zeolite Beta (BEA) are explored. (nature.com)
Solvent1
  • Breathing zone and general room samples are taken for Stoddard solvent , cyclohexanol (108930), butyl-cellosolve (111762), and naphthalene (91203), in an airlines maintenance hanger (SIC-4582). (cdc.gov)
Alcohol5
  • Cyclohexanol undergoes the main reactions expected for a secondary alcohol. (wikipedia.org)
  • Reactivity Profile Cyclohexanol is an alcohol. (chemicalbook.com)
  • In the experiment a secondary alcohol (cyclohexanol) is heated with acid (phosphoric acid). (antiessays.com)
  • A carbocation is generated by the loss of water from cyclohexanol because of the protonated alcohol. (antiessays.com)
  • Personal breathing zone and area air samples were analyzed for acetone (67641), 2-butoxyethanol (111762), butyl-alcohol (71363), cyclohexanol (108930), petroleum distillates, toluene (108883), and xylene (1330207) concentrations. (cdc.gov)
Adipic acid2
  • Uses Cyclohexanol is used for the productionof adipic acid and caprolactam for makingnylon. (chemicalbook.com)
  • The most important use of cyclohexanol is in producing adipic acid used in the manufacture of caprolactam. (chemicalbook.com)
98711
  • strain NCIMB 9871 is capable of utilizing cyclohexanol as a sole carbon source for growth ( 9 ). (asm.org)
Reactions1
  • The above table demonstrates the mass of product and calculated percent yields for the first three reactions in the Cyclohexanol Cycle. (shalom-retreats.com)
Toxic2
  • Cyclohexanol is somewhat toxic: the TLV for the vapor for 8 h is 50 ppm. (wikipedia.org)
  • Health Hazard Cyclohexanol is moderately toxic. (chemicalbook.com)
Enzyme1
  • Direct biocatalytic one-pot-transformation of cyclohexanol with molecular oxygen into ɛ-caprolactone", Enzyme and microbial technology , vol. 53, 2013, pp. 288-292. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Chemical Properties1
  • Chemical Properties Cyclohexanol is a sticky solid (above 25℃ /77℃ F) or colorless, viscous liquid. (chemicalbook.com)
Acid4
  • When a mixture of cyclohexanol and sulfuric acid is heated in a flask equipped with a fractionating column, the formation of water is soon evident. (scribd.com)
  • To this, add 2.0 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid, followed by 10.0 g of cyclohexanol (note, this is 10.0 g not 10.0 mL), and a boiling chip. (scribd.com)
  • pic] (Fig. 1- Cyclohexanol dehydrated by sulfuric acid to produce cyclohexene) Procedure: 1. (antiessays.com)
  • Mix five mL of Cyclohexanol and 2.5 mL of 9M sulfuric acid in a 25 mL flask. (antiessays.com)
Catalyst1
Metabolism1
  • The effects of 2-(4-phenylpiperidino)cyclohexanol (AH5183) and quinacrine, two potent inhibitors of acetylcholine transport into vesicles isolated from Torpedo electric organ, were examined on acetylcholine metabolism in rat cortical slices. (elsevier.com)
Experiment3
  • If this experiment is done on a warm day the cyclohexanol is liquid and therefore easier to sample. (rsc.org)
  • The first three labs of this organic chemistry experiment involved carrying out the first three parts of the Cyclohexanol Cycle. (shalom-retreats.com)
  • This experiment carries out a series of steps to carry out the Cyclohexanol Cycle. (shalom-retreats.com)
Organic2
  • Cyclohexanol is the organic compound with the formula HOCH(CH2)5. (wikipedia.org)
  • belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cyclohexanols. (hmdb.ca)
Nylon1
  • The final step involves converting the cyclohexanol to nylon 6,6 (Dintzner 262). (shalom-retreats.com)
Water3
  • On further heating, the water and the cyclohexene formed distill together by the principle of steam distillation, and any high-boiling cyclohexanol that may volatilize is returned to the flask. (scribd.com)
  • The cyclohexanol was first converted to cyclohexene and water by simple distillation (product: 6.5395g, 79.75% recovery). (shalom-retreats.com)
  • The azeotropes of cyclohexanol/water and cyclohexene/water are both positive azeotropes. (antiessays.com)
Product2
  • The Cyclohexanol Cycle is a multistep process that involves reacting and recycling the same product. (shalom-retreats.com)
  • The main product from hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol with RANEY Nickel was cyclohexanol. (hindawi.com)
Molecular1
  • Staudt S, Bornscheuer UT, Menyes U, Hummel W, Gröger H. Direct biocatalytic one-pot-transformation of cyclohexanol with molecular oxygen into ɛ-caprolactone. (uni-bielefeld.de)
CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Cyclohexanol
CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Cyclohexanol (cdc.gov)
Enhancing the catalytic activity of hydronium ions through constrained environments | Nature Communications
Enhancing the catalytic activity of hydronium ions through constrained environments | Nature Communications (nature.com)
NIOSH Skin Notation Profile: Cyclohexanol | NIOSH | CDC
NIOSH Skin Notation Profile: Cyclohexanol | NIOSH | CDC (cdc.gov)
Cyclohexanol, 4-methoxy
Cyclohexanol, 4-methoxy (webbook.nist.gov)
Diffusion coefficient of cyclohexanol in hexan-1-ol at infinite dilution | SpringerLink
Diffusion coefficient of cyclohexanol in hexan-1-ol at infinite dilution | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Alphabetical Method Listing - C - NMAM 4th Edition | NIOSH | CDC
Alphabetical Method Listing - C - NMAM 4th Edition | NIOSH | CDC (cdc.gov)
4ure.1 | SWISS-MODEL Template Library
4ure.1 | SWISS-MODEL Template Library (swissmodel.expasy.org)
How is the calorie defined? How does a Calorie differ | bartleby
How is the calorie defined? How does a Calorie differ | bartleby (bartleby.com)
Amyl alcohol - Wikipedia
Amyl alcohol - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Kinetics of dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone on a. Bag type copper-alloy catalyst | SpringerLink
Kinetics of dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone on a. Bag type copper-alloy catalyst | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Pictures of Photo Sensitivity, Symptoms, and List of Drugs
Pictures of Photo Sensitivity, Symptoms, and List of Drugs (medicinenet.com)
Tryptamine from Tryptophan - [www.rhodium.ws]
Tryptamine from Tryptophan - [www.rhodium.ws] (erowid.org)
167081-25-6 - cis-4-(Boc-amino)cyclohexanol, 97% - tert-Butyl cis-4-hydroxycyclohexylcarbamate - H62238 - Alfa Aesar
167081-25-6 - cis-4-(Boc-amino)cyclohexanol, 97% - tert-Butyl cis-4-hydroxycyclohexylcarbamate - H62238 - Alfa Aesar (alfa.com)
Copper oxide modified SBA-15 for the selective vapour phase dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone | SpringerLink
Copper oxide modified SBA-15 for the selective vapour phase dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Catalysts | Free Full-Text | Nickel Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclohexanol into Cyclohexylamine in Water and Low Boiling Point...
Catalysts | Free Full-Text | Nickel Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclohexanol into Cyclohexylamine in Water and Low Boiling Point... (mdpi.com)
1-METHYL-3-(2-METHYLPROPYL)CYCLOHEXANOL - Substance Information - ECHA
1-METHYL-3-(2-METHYLPROPYL)CYCLOHEXANOL - Substance Information - ECHA (echa.europa.eu)
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Synthesis of Terpyridines: Simple Reactions-What Could Possibly Go Wrong?
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Synthesis of Terpyridines: Simple Reactions-What Could Possibly Go Wrong? (mdpi.com)
CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21
CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 (accessdata.fda.gov)
Category:Secondary alcohols - Wikimedia Commons
Category:Secondary alcohols - Wikimedia Commons (commons.wikimedia.org)
High Purity Primary Solvents | Semiconductor Materials | Fujifilm USA
High Purity Primary Solvents | Semiconductor Materials | Fujifilm USA (fujifilmusa.com)
Introduction to IUPAC-NIST Solubilities Database
Introduction to IUPAC-NIST Solubilities Database (srdata.nist.gov)
Handbook of Petrochemicals and Processes: 1st Edition (Hardback) - Routledge
Handbook of Petrochemicals and Processes: 1st Edition (Hardback) - Routledge (routledge.com)