Analysis of gabapentin in serum and plasma by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for therapeutic drug monitoring. (1/683)

A simple method for the determination of gabapentin (Neurontin) is described. The method uses solid-phase extraction by disk column and derivatization followed by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis. The single-step derivatization with MTBSTFA produces a t-BDMS derivative of both the carboxylic and amine moieties of the molecule. Each step of the procedure was optimized to assure reliable performance of the method. The assay limit of detection was 0.1 microg/mL with a linear range from 1.0 to 35 microg/mL. Within-run (n = 3) and between-run (n = 40) coefficients of variation were less than 8.2 and 15.9%, respectively. The method has proven reliable in routine production for more than a year, producing clean chromatography with unique ion fragments, consistent ion mass ratios, and no interferences. Statistical analysis of the gabapentin concentrations measured in 1020 random specimens over a 2-month period showed a mean concentration of 6.07 microg/mL with a standard deviation of 5.28.  (+info)

Gabapentin suppresses ectopic nerve discharges and reverses allodynia in neuropathic rats. (2/683)

Repetitive ectopic discharges from injured afferent nerves play an important role in initiation and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Gabapentin is effective for treatment of neuropathic pain but the sites and mechanisms of its antinociceptive actions remain uncertain. In the present study, we tested a hypothesis that therapeutic doses of gabapentin suppress ectopic afferent discharge activity generated from injured peripheral nerves. Mechanical allodynia, induced by partial ligation of the sciatic nerve in rats, was determined by application of von Frey filaments to the hindpaw. Single-unit afferent nerve activity was recorded proximal to the ligated sciatic nerve site. Intravenous gabapentin, in a range of 30 to 90 mg/kg, significantly attenuated allodynia in nerve-injured rats. Furthermore, gabapentin, in the same therapeutic dose range, dose-dependently inhibited the ectopic discharge activity of 15 injured sciatic afferent nerve fibers through an action on impulse generation. However, the conduction velocity and responses of 12 normal afferent fibers to mechanical stimulation were not affected by gabapentin. Therefore, this study provides electrophysiological evidence that gabapentin is capable of suppressing the ectopic discharge activity from injured peripheral nerves. This action may contribute, at least in part, to the antiallodynic effect of gabapentin on neuropathic pain.  (+info)

Anti-ulcer effects of 4'-(2-carboxyetyl) phenyl trans-4-aminomethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate hydrochloride (cetraxate) on various experimental gastric ulcers in rats. (3/683)

Anti-ulcer effects of cetraxate, a new compound possessing anti-plasmin, anti-casein and anti-trypsin actions were investigated by using experimental gastric ulcer models in rats. Cetraxate, 300 mg/kg p.o. showed significant inhibitory effects of 65.3%, 70.0%, 30.2%, and 67.1% against aucte types of ulcers producing by aspirin, phenylbutazone, indomethacin, and pyloric ligature (Shay's ulcer), respectively. These effects were greater than those obtained by gefarnate and aluminum sucrose sulfate may be mainly attributed to the protecting action of this drug on gastric mucosa. Ctraxate further revealed remarkable inhibitory effects on chronic types of ulcers produced by acetic acid, clamping, and clamping-cortisone. In acetic acid ulcer in particular, cetraxate was found to have a dose-dependent inhibitory effect at doses over 50 mg/kg. Of test drugs including L-glutamine and methylmethionine sulfonium chloride, cetraxate showed the most remarkable inhibitory effect on beta-glucuronidase activity in ulcer tissue of these three types of ulcers. These findings suggest that cetraxate may prevent the connective tissue in the ulcer location from decomposition due to lysosomal enzymes such as beta-glucuronidase, thereby accelerating the recovery from ulcer.  (+info)

An in vitro electrophysiological study on the effects of phenytoin, lamotrigine and gabapentin on striatal neurons. (4/683)

We performed intracellular recordings from a rat corticostriatal slice preparation in order to compare the electrophysiological effects of the classical antiepileptic drug (AED) phenytoin (PHT) and the new AEDs lamotrigine (LTG) and gabapentin (GBP) on striatal neurons. PHT, LTG and GBP affected neither the resting membrane potential nor the input resistance/membrane conductance of the recorded cells. In contrast, these agents depressed in a dose-dependent and reversible manner the current-evoked repetitive firing discharge. These AEDs also reduced the amplitude of glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) evoked by cortical stimulation. However, substantial pharmacological differences between these drugs were found. PHT was the most effective and potent agent in reducing sustained repetitive firing of action potentials, whereas LTG and GBP preferentially inhibited corticostriatal excitatory transmission. Concentrations of LTG and GBP effective in reducing EPSPs, in fact, produced only a slight inhibition of the firing activity of these cells. LTG, but not PHT and GBP, depressed cortically-evoked EPSPs increasing paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) of synaptic transmission, suggesting that a presynaptic site of action was implicated in the effect of this drug. Accordingly, PHT and GBP, but not LTG reduced the membrane depolarizations induced by exogenously-applied glutamate, suggesting that these drugs preferentially reduce postsynaptic sensitivity to glutamate released from corticostriatal terminals. These data indicate that in the striatum PHT, LTG and GBP decrease neuronal excitability by modulating multiple sites of action. The preferential modulation of excitatory synaptic transmission may represent the cellular substrate for the therapeutic effects of new AEDs whose use may be potentially extended to the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases involving the basal ganglia.  (+info)

Adenosylcobalamin-mediated methyl transfer by toluate cis-dihydrodiol dehydrogenase of the TOL plasmid pWW0. (5/683)

We identified and characterized a methyl transfer activity of the toluate cis-dihydrodiol (4-methyl-3,5-cyclohexadiene-cis-1, 2-diol-1-carboxylic acid) dehydrogenase of the TOL plasmid pWW0 towards toluene cis-dihydrodiol (3-methyl-4,5-cyclohexadiene-cis-1, 2-diol). When the purified enzyme from the recombinant Escherichia coli containing the xylL gene was incubated with toluene cis-dihydrodiol in the presence of NAD+, the end products differed depending on the presence of adenosylcobalamin (coenzyme B12). The enzyme yielded catechol in the presence of adenosylcobalamin, while it gave 3-methylcatechol in the absence of the cofactor. Adenosylcobalamin was transformed to methylcobalamin as a result of the enzyme reaction, which indicates that the methyl group of the substrate was transferred to adenosylcobalamin. Other derivatives of the cobalamin such as aquo (hydroxy)- and cyanocobalamin did not mediate the methyl transfer reaction. The dehydrogenation and methyl transfer reactions were assumed to occur concomitantly, and the methyl transfer reaction seemed to depend on the dehydrogenation. To our knowledge, the enzyme is the first dehydrogenase that shows a methyl transfer activity as well.  (+info)

The management of epilepsy in a hospital for people with a learning disability. (6/683)

The study examined changes in the use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in a large hospital for people with a learning disability over a 2 year period, the use of investigations, and the presence of medication side-effects. The surveys were carried out in 1993 and 1995/6. In 1993, 27% of patients were being treated for epilepsy and in 1995/6, 30.1%. Ninety percent and 82.4% of patients, respectively, were receiving one or two AEDs. In the second survey there were fewer prescriptions for phenobarbitone (5.8% vs. 12.5%) and an increase in the use of lamotrigine (21.6% vs. 5%), gabapentin (5.8% vs. 0) and vigabatrin (3.9% vs. 2.5% in 1993). Side-effects were recorded in 6 (11.8%) patients. Seven (21.2%) patients receiving carbamazepine were found to have hyponatraemia. Of the 54 electroencephalograms (EEGs) requested, 41 (76%) were reported as abnormal. Six CT brain scans had been conducted, of which five were abnormal. People receiving antipsychotic drugs had fewer seizures than average.  (+info)

Successful treatment with gabapentin in the presence of hypersensitivity syndrome to phenytoin and carbamazepine: a report of three cases. (7/683)

We report three consecutive patients with hypersensitivity syndrome (HSS) due to phenytoin and carbamazepine and successful treatment with gabapentin. HSS is a rare but potentially fatal reaction to multiple drugs including several anticonvulsants. Cross-reactivity among drugs may occur. Immediate withdrawal of the offending drug is the most important step in treatment. Benzodiazepines acutely and, after resolution of the hepatitis, valproic acid have been successfully used for seizure control in patients with HSS. Our cases indicate that gabapentin is also a safe anticonvulsant in HSS.  (+info)

Gabapentin attenuates nociceptive behaviors in an acute arthritis model in rats. (8/683)

In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of gabapentin (Neurontin), administered spinally with a microdialysis fiber, in reducing nociceptive behavioral responses induced by a knee joint inflammation model. This model is produced by injection of the knee joint with kaolin and carrageenan in rats. The resultant knee joint inflammation produces a secondary hyperalgesia to radiant heat applied to the hindpaw. Both pretreatment and post-treatment protocols were examined. Spinal administration of gabapentin (10 mg/ml) infused 1.5 h before induction of knee joint inflammation, although having no effect on the baseline, prevented the development of heat hyperalgesia. Gabapentin also prevented the development of other pain-related behaviors scored subjectively. Gabapentin had no effect, however, on the joint circumference increase typical in this model. In animals with fully developed knee joint inflammation, gabapentin produced a reversal of heat hyperalgesia. The paw withdrawal latency responses and subjective pain scores were no longer significantly different from baseline, but joint circumference increases remained. These data suggest that gabapentin is an effective antinociceptive agent when administered either before or after induction of knee joint inflammation acting through a central neurogenic mechanism.  (+info)

... acid dicyclomine quinic acid shikimic acid tranexamic acid Quinic acid Shikimic acid Chorismic acid Cyclohexanecarboxylic+Acids ... Derivatives related to cyclohexanecarboxylic acid include: abscisic acid buciclic acid chlorogenic acid chorismic ... Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid exhibits the reactions typical of carboxylic acids, including its conversion to the acid chloride ... Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid is the organic compound with the formula C6H11CO2H. It is the carboxylic acid of cyclohexane. It is ...
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The thermal decomposition of nickel benzoate and of the nickel salt of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid". Journal of the Chemical ... The nickel organic acid salts are organic acid salts of nickel. In many of these the ionised organic acid acts as a ligand. ... Cyclopropane carboxylic acid forms two basic salts with nickel, a hydrate Ni9(OH)2(H2O)6(C4H5O2)8 • 2H2O with density 1.554 Mg/ ... Boiling acetic acid converts the nickel to nickel acetate. The terephthalate converts to a basic salt when boiled in water. ...
... , more commonly known as its anionic form shikimate, is a cyclohexene, a cyclitol and a cyclohexanecarboxylic acid ... but can be roasted to remove shikimic acid. Shikimic acid is also the glycoside part of some hydrolysable tannins. The acid is ... Hydroxy acids, Cyclitols, Carboxylic acids, Cyclohexenols, Triols, Enoic acids). ... Aminoshikimic acid is also an alternative to shikimic acid as a starting material for the synthesis of oseltamivir. Shikimate ...
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... the diethyl ester of mesoxalic acid Shikimic acid, a cyclohexene, cyclitol, and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid This set index page ...
... cyclohexanecarboxylic acids MeSH D02.455.426.392.368.367.318 - cyclohexanols MeSH D02.455.426.392.368.367.340 - cyclohexanones ... quinic acid MeSH D02.241.511.852 - shikimic acid MeSH D02.241.511.902 - sugar acids MeSH D02.241.511.902.107 - ascorbic acid ... edetic acid MeSH D02.241.081.038.455 - egtazic acid MeSH D02.241.081.038.581 - iodoacetic acid MeSH D02.241.081.038.581.400 - ... hexuronic acids MeSH D02.241.081.844.915.400.500 - iduronic acid MeSH D02.241.081.901.177 - aconitic acid MeSH D02.241.081.901. ...
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... quinolines and the carboxylic acids in asphalt and between the model compounds 2-quinolone and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid were ... A strong hydrogen- bonding association between the 2-quinolones and carboxylic acids in asphalt is reported. The association ... Tentative identification of 2-quinolones in asphalt and their interaction with carboxylic acids present. ... studied by infrared spectrometry using a silylation reaction in which the 2- quinolones and carboxylic acids reacted at ...
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4-(N-Maleimidomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, ≥98%, powder. Expand. View Pricing. ... 4-(N-Maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid 3-sulfo-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester sodium salt, powder ...
CYCLOHEXANECARBOXYLIC ACID, 3-((3-(3,4-DIHYDROXYPHENYL)-1-OXO-2-PROPENYL)OXY)-1,4,5-TRIHYDROXY-, (1S,3R,4R,5R)- Sources:. ... Chlorogenic acid is the ester of caffeic acid and (-)-quinic acid. Chlorogenic acid is a naturally occurring plant metabolite ... CYCLOHEXANECARBOXYLIC ACID, 3-(((2E)-3-(3,4-DIHYDROXYPHENYL)-1-OXO-2-PROPEN-1-YL)OXY)-1,4,5-TRIHYDROXY-, (1S,3R,4R,5R)- Sources ... CYCLOHEXANECARBOXYLIC ACID, 3-((3-(3,4-DIHYDROXYPHENYL)-1-OXO-2-PROPENYL)OXY)-1,4,5-TRIHYDROXY-, (1S-(1-.ALPHA.,3-.BETA.,4-. ...
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... the simple single ring cyclohexane carboxylic acid (CHCA) and complex diamondoid 1-adamanatane carboxylic acid (ADA), were ... OSPW contains a variety of dissolved organic compounds, however naphthenic acids (NAs) have been found to contribute ... Oil sands process affected water sourced Trichoderma harzianum demonstrates capacity for mycoremediation of naphthenic acid ... Oil sands process affected water sourced Trichoderma harzianum demonstrates capacity for mycoremediation of naphthenic acid ...
... cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid Enantiomers As Positive Allosteric Modulators of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtype 4. Christov ...
Green coffee bean extract 50 chlorogenic acid is a polyphenol and the ester of caffeic corrosive and quinic corrosive that is ... Chlorogenic Acid Hydrate;Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid,3-((3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl)oxy)- 1,4,5-trihydroxy-,(1S-(1 ... 50 chlorogenic acid Chlorogenic acid factory wholesale chlorogenic acid chlorogenic acid weight loss china chlorogenic acid ... Chlorogenic Acid Hydrate;Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid,3-((3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl)oxy)- 1,4,5-trihydroxy-,(1S-(1 ...
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1-TERT-BUTOXYCARBONYLAMINO-4,4-DIFLUORO-CYCLOHEXANECARBOXYLIC ACID CAS:1196151-58-2 ... 2,3-DIFLUORO-4-METHOXYPHENYLBORONIC ACID CAS:170981-41-6 2,3-DIFLUORO-4-METHYLPHENYLBORONIC ACID PINACOL ESTER CAS:1116681-99-2 ... 1-tert-butoxycarbonylazepane-3-carboxylic acid CAS:1252867-16-5 1-TERT-BUTOXYCARBONYLPIPERIDINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID CAS:98303-20- ... 2,4,6-TRIMETHOXYPHENYLBORONIC ACID, PINACOL ESTER CAS:269410-04-0 2,4,6-TRIMETHYLBENZENEBORONIC ACID NEOPENTYL GLYCOL CYCLIC ...
Properties of Amino Acids. The properties of α-amino acids are complex, yet simplistic in that every molecule of an amino acid ... Trans-4-(Boc-amino)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid. L-Tyrosine disodium salt. DL-Pyroglutamic acid. ... How Amino Acids were Discovered. Amino acids are a crucial, yet basic unit of protein, and they contain an amino group and a ... 537-55-3, Pharmaceutical Chemical, L-Glutamine Powder, L-Leucine, Acetyl-L-Leucine, Dl-Pyroglutamic Acid, ...
... design and synthesis of a series of novel DGAT1 inhibitors in the benzimidazole class with a pyridyl-oxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic ... acid moiety. In particular, compound 11A is a potent DGAT1 inhibitor with excellent selectivity against ACAT1. Compound 11A ... Potent DGAT1 Inhibitors in the Benzimidazole Class with a Pyridyl-oxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid Moiety Shuwen He 1 , Qingmei ... Potent DGAT1 Inhibitors in the Benzimidazole Class with a Pyridyl-oxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid Moiety Shuwen He et al. ACS ...
cis-4-cyano-4-(1-cyclohexyl-3-ethyl-1H-indazol-6-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (199171-88-5). Citation Information. NTP. cis-4- ... cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (199171-88-5). Chemical Effects in Biological Systems (CEBS). Research Triangle Park, NC (USA): ...
Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid. *Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, 3-((3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl)oxy)-1,4,5-trihydroxy-, ( ... Testing Status of Chlorogenic acid M960036. CASRN: 327-97-9. Formula: C16-H18-O9. Synonyms/Common Names. *3-Caffeoylquinic acid ...
... aminomethyl-cyclohexane carboxylic acid (AMCA; also termed tranexamic acid; Cyklokapron) administered orally or, if needed, ... can be preserved by inhibiting fibrinolysis with ε-aminocaproic acid (EACA; Amicar) or trans-p- ...
... aminomethyl-cyclohexane carboxylic acid (AMCA; also termed tranexamic acid; Cyklokapron) administered orally or, if needed, ... can be preserved by inhibiting fibrinolysis with ε-aminocaproic acid (EACA; Amicar) or trans-p- ...
Chemical Name: trans-4-(aminomethyl) cyclohexanecarboxylic acid.. Structural Formula:. Tranexamic acid is a white crystalline ... TRANEXAMIC ACID (UNII: 6T84R30KC1) (TRANEXAMIC ACID - UNII:6T84R30KC1) TRANEXAMIC ACID. 100 mg in 1 mL. ... amino acid solutions and Dextran solutions. Heparin may be added to Tranexamic Acid Injection. Tranexamic Acid Injection should ... actions similar to aminocaproic acid. Tranexamic acid is about 10 times more potent in vitro than aminocaproic acid. ...
... as well as combinations of levetiracetam and low-dose aspirin/coenzyme Q10/α-lipoic acid that target underlying causes of DPN, ... Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids / administration & dosage* Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ... Additionally, the levetiracetams combinations with antioxidants, low dose of aspirin, coenzyme Q10, or α-lipoic acid were ... and α-lipoic acid (preventive 7-day treatment), as well as combinations of levetiracetam with individual drugs were examined in ...
Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids/pharmacokinetics*; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids/toxicity; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids/urine*; ... Dicarboxylic Acids/pharmacokinetics*; Dicarboxylic Acids/toxicity; Endometrium/drug effects; Female; Fertilization in Vitro*; ... Title: Urinary concentrations of cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid monohydroxy isononyl ester, a metabolite of the non- ... The urinary concentrations of two DINCH metabolites, cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid monohydroxy isononyl ester (MHiNCH) and ...
Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids [D02.241.223.268] * Abscisic Acid [D02.241.223.268.034] * Aurintricarboxylic Acid [D02.241.223.268. ... Carboxylic acid derivatives of cyclohexane.. Terms. Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids Preferred Term Term UI T010171. Date01/01/1999 ... Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids. Tree Number(s). D02.241.223.268. D02.455.426.392.368.367.218. Unique ID. D003509. RDF Unique ... Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids Preferred Concept UI. M0005467. Registry Number. 0. Scope Note. ...
... quinolines and the carboxylic acids in asphalt and between the model compounds 2-quinolone and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid were ... A strong hydrogen- bonding association between the 2-quinolones and carboxylic acids in asphalt is reported. The association ... Tentative identification of 2-quinolones in asphalt and their interaction with carboxylic acids present. ... studied by infrared spectrometry using a silylation reaction in which the 2- quinolones and carboxylic acids reacted at ...
Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids [D02.241.223.268] * Abscisic Acid [D02.241.223.268.034] * Aurintricarboxylic Acid [D02.241.223.268. ... Carboxylic acid derivatives of cyclohexane.. Terms. Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids Preferred Term Term UI T010171. Date01/01/1999 ... Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids. Tree Number(s). D02.241.223.268. D02.455.426.392.368.367.218. Unique ID. D003509. RDF Unique ... Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids Preferred Concept UI. M0005467. Registry Number. 0. Scope Note. ...
... quinolines and the carboxylic acids in asphalt and between the model compounds 2-quinolone and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid were ... A strong hydrogen- bonding association between the 2-quinolones and carboxylic acids in asphalt is reported. The association ... Tentative identification of 2-quinolones in asphalt and their interaction with carboxylic acids present. ... studied by infrared spectrometry using a silylation reaction in which the 2- quinolones and carboxylic acids reacted at ...
Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids (1974). Public MeSH Note:. 93; see ABSCISSINS 1991-92, see CYCLOHEXANECARBOXYLIC ACID 1975-90. ... Abscisic Acid, (E,E)-(+-)-Isomer. Abscisic Acid, (E,Z)-(+,-)-Isomer. Abscisic Acid, (R)-Isomer. Abscisic Acid, (Z,E)-Isomer. ... Abscisic Acid Monoammonium Salt, (R)-Isomer - Narrower Concept UI. M0330680. Preferred term. Abscisic Acid Monoammonium Salt, ( ... Abscisic Acid Entry term(s). 2,4-Pentadienoic acid, 5-(1-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-4-oxo-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-methyl-, (S-(Z,E ...
Cyclodecanes N0000168520 Cyclodextrins N0000166610 Cyclofenil N0000166386 Cycloheptanes N0000007887 Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids ... Neutral N0000006806 Amino Acids N0000011372 Amino Acids, Acidic N0000011248 Amino Acids, Aromatic N0000011332 Amino Acids, ... Acyclic N0000008269 Acids, Aldehydic N0000007628 Acids, Carbocyclic N0000007629 Acids, Heterocyclic N0000007630 Acids, ... Amino Acid Isomerases N0000167825 Amino Acid Oxidoreductases N0000169801 Amino Acid Transport System A N0000169803 Amino Acid ...
Tranexamic acid is trans-4-(aminomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, an antifibrinolytic agent. Tranexamic acid is a white ... TRANEXAMIC ACID (UNII: 6T84R30KC1) (TRANEXAMIC ACID - UNII:6T84R30KC1) TRANEXAMIC ACID. 100 mg in 1 mL. ... Tranexamic acid is a synthetic lysine amino acid derivative, which diminishes the dissolution of hemostatic fibrin by plasmin. ... Published literature reports the presence of tranexamic acid in human milk. There are no data on the effects of tranexamic acid ...
... and two PZQ analogues were prepared by coupling 6-alkylpraziquanamines with cinnamic acids and cyclohexane carboxylic acid, ... dicarboxylic acids has prompted the realization of solid solutions of PZQ with both enantiomers of malic acid and tartaric acid ... Ozonide carboxylic acids represent promising candidates for further optimization and development due to their good efficacy ... In Vitro and In Vivo Antischistosomal Activity Profiling and Pharmacokinetics of Ozonide Carboxylic Acids. ...
... as well as cyclohexane carboxylic acid and cyclohexanol plus serine, have been tested. None of these could be substituted for ... Incidentally, quinie acid, which is simply shikimic acid with a dehydrated double bond, does not work. This seems to me to be ... Fischer found that shikimic acid can be oxidized by chemical means to trans-aconitic acid, and Stanier (J. Bact. 25, pe 489, ... Shikimic acid, however, which was recently furnished by Stanier, permitted as rapid growth of the quadruple mutant as did an ...
Potent DGAT1 Inhibitors in the Benzimidazole Class with a Pyridyl-oxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid Moiety ...
Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids Cyclohexanes Cyclohexanols Cyclohexanones Cyclohexenes Cycloheximide Cyclohexylamines Cycloleucine ... Amino Acids Amino Acids, Acidic Amino Acids, Aromatic Amino Acids, Basic Amino Acids, Branched-Chain Amino Acids, Cyclic Amino ... Acid Ceramidase Acid Etching, Dental Acid Phosphatase Acid Rain Acid Sensing Ion Channel Blockers Acid Sensing Ion Channels ... Acids Acids, Acyclic Acids, Aldehydic Acids, Carbocyclic Acids, Heterocyclic Acids, Noncarboxylic Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride ...
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  • Tentative identification of 2-quinolones in asphalt and their interaction with carboxylic acids present. (cdc.gov)
  • A strong hydrogen - bonding association between the 2-quinolones and carboxylic acids in asphalt is reported. (cdc.gov)
  • The association complexes between the 2- quinolines and the carboxylic acids in asphalt and between the model compounds 2-quinolone and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid were studied by infrared spectrometry using a silylation reaction in which the 2- quinolones and carboxylic acids reacted at different rates. (cdc.gov)
  • Additionally, two model NA compounds, the simple single ring cyclohexane carboxylic acid (CHCA) and complex diamondoid 1-adamanatane carboxylic acid (ADA), were utilized to determine the influence of NA structure on degradation. (ualberta.ca)
  • Amino acids are a crucial, yet basic unit of protein, and they contain an amino group and a carboxylic group. (bsxaminoacids.com)
  • Chlorogenic acid is a naturally occurring plant metabolite and can be found with the related compounds cryptochlorgenic acid and neochlorogenic acid in the leaves of Hibiscus sabdariffa, coffee, potato, eggplant, peaches, and prunes. (ncats.io)
  • OSPW contains a variety of dissolved organic compounds, however naphthenic acids (NAs) have been found to contribute significantly to the toxicity of OSPW. (ualberta.ca)
  • This study conducted microcosm experiments to elucidate and characterize the capacity of T. harzianum to degrade labile commercial NAs (Merichem), and OSPW-sourced naphthenic acid fraction compounds (NAFCs). (ualberta.ca)
  • Chlorogenic acid is the ester of caffeic acid and (-)-quinic acid. (ncats.io)
  • Chlorogenic acid has been investigated as a dietary supplement to improve glucose intolerant hypoglycemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. (ncats.io)
  • Chlorogenic acid was also identified as a neuraminidase blocker effective against influenza A virus (H1N1 and H3N2). (ncats.io)
  • Green coffee bean extract 50 chlorogenic acid is a polyphenol and the ester of caffeic corrosive and quinic corrosive that is tracked down in espresso and dark tea, with likely cell reinforcement and chemopreventive exercises. (maxmedchem.com)
  • 100 pure green coffee bean extract 50 chlorogenic acid rummages free revolutionaries, which restrains DNA harm and may safeguard against the enlistment of carcinogenesis. (maxmedchem.com)
  • Green coffee bean extract chlorogenic acid likewise restrains the action of framework metalloproteinases. (maxmedchem.com)
  • Consuming high green coffee bean extract 50 chlorogenic acid espresso might further develop postprandial blood stream and endothelial capability, meaning chlorogenic corrosive might diminish a portion of the gamble factors for cardiovascular infection and atherosclerosis. (maxmedchem.com)
  • Lessen Inflammation: G reen coffee bean extract chlorogenic acid in espresso might assist with bringing down degrees of aggravation and, over the long haul, forestall constant sickness. (maxmedchem.com)
  • Having an eating regimen rich in 100 pure green coffee bean extract 50 chlorogenic acid sources might assist with controlling glucose levels, which can be useful for shedding pounds and lessening the gamble of diabetes. (maxmedchem.com)
  • Green coffee bean extract 50 chlorogenic acid might help an individual's circulatory strain by causing a measurably safe decrease in diastolic and systolic pulse during the ingestion time frame. (maxmedchem.com)
  • A monocarboxylic acid that consists of cyclohexane substituted by a carboxy group. (martinicosmetics.pl)
  • The properties of α-amino acids are complex, yet simplistic in that every molecule of an amino acid involves two functional groups: carboxyl (-COOH) and amino (-NH2). (bsxaminoacids.com)
  • In the synthesis of numerous substances, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and organic chemicals, 1,1-Cyclobutanedicarboxylic Acid is primarily used as a reactant. (technocolordyes.com)
  • Tranexamic acid was not carcinogenic in a 2-year study in rats and mice at oral doses up to 3 and 5.3 g/kg/day, which are approximately 12 and 11 times the maximum recommended human dose based on body surface area, respectively. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • In a fertility and early embryonic development study, tranexamic acid was administered to male rats as 0.3% and 1% of drug in diet (average doses of 222 and 856 mg/kg/day) or to female rats at dose levels of 0.3% and 1.2% of drug in diet. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • Tranexamic acid had no effect on fertility or reproductive function of male or female rats at dose multiples of 4 or 5 times the maximum recommended human dose based on body surface area, respectively. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • Studies suggest that the underlying mechanism may be related to a transient retinal ischemia at high exposures, linked to the known sympathomimetic effect of high plasma exposures of tranexamic acid. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • Tentative identification of 2-quinolones in asphalt and their interaction with carboxylic acids present. (cdc.gov)
  • A strong hydrogen - bonding association between the 2-quinolones and carboxylic acids in asphalt is reported. (cdc.gov)
  • The association complexes between the 2- quinolines and the carboxylic acids in asphalt and between the model compounds 2-quinolone and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid were studied by infrared spectrometry using a silylation reaction in which the 2- quinolones and carboxylic acids reacted at different rates. (cdc.gov)
  • Chemical Name: trans-4-(aminomethyl) cyclohexanecarboxylic acid. (nih.gov)
  • 5. Synthesis, conformation and cytotoxic activity of short hybrid peptides containing conformationally constrained 1-(aminomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid and gabapentin. (nih.gov)
  • We report the design and synthesis of a series of novel DGAT1 inhibitors in the benzimidazole class with a pyridyl-oxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid moiety. (nih.gov)
  • Compared to PZQ, the reference drug, the activity of which is 91.7% at 1 µM, one particular molecular hybrid, compound 32, which bears a para-isopropyl group on the cinnamic acid moiety, exhibited a notable activity at 10 µM (78.2% activity). (bvsalud.org)
  • Each mL of the sterile solution for intravenous injection contains 100 mg tranexamic acid and Water for Injection to 1 mL. (nih.gov)
  • Tranexamic acid is a white crystalline powder. (nih.gov)
  • Tranexamic acid is a competitive inhibitor of plasminogen activation, and at much higher concentrations, a noncompetitive inhibitor of plasmin, i.e., actions similar to aminocaproic acid. (nih.gov)
  • Tranexamic acid is about 10 times more potent in vitro than aminocaproic acid. (nih.gov)
  • Tranexamic acid in a concentration of 1 mg per mL does not aggregate platelets in vitro. (nih.gov)
  • Tranexamic acid in concentrations as low as 1 mg per mL, can prolong the thrombin time. (nih.gov)
  • However, tranexamic acid in concentrations up to 10 mg per mL in blood showed no influence on the platelet count, the coagulation time or coagulation factors in whole blood or citrated blood from normal subjects. (nih.gov)
  • The plasma protein binding of tranexamic acid is about 3% at therapeutic plasma levels and seems to be fully accounted for by its binding to plasminogen. (nih.gov)
  • Tranexamic acid does not bind to serum albumin. (nih.gov)
  • Excretion of tranexamic acid is about 90% at 24 hours after intravenous administration of 10 mg per kg body weight. (nih.gov)
  • An antifibrinolytic concentration of tranexamic acid remains in different tissues for about 17 hours, and in the serum, up to seven or eight hours. (nih.gov)
  • Tranexamic acid passes through the placenta. (nih.gov)
  • Tranexamic acid diffuses rapidly into joint fluid and the synovial membrane. (nih.gov)
  • The biological half-life of tranexamic acid in the joint fluid is about three hours. (nih.gov)
  • The concentration of tranexamic acid in a number of other tissues is lower than in blood. (nih.gov)
  • Tranexamic acid concentration in cerebrospinal fluid is about one tenth of that of the plasma. (nih.gov)
  • Tranexamic acid has been detected in semen where it inhibits fibrinolytic activity but does not influence sperm migration. (nih.gov)
  • Tranexamic Acid Injection is indicated in patients with hemophilia for short-term use (two to eight days) to reduce or prevent hemorrhage and reduce the need for replacement therapy during and following tooth extraction. (nih.gov)
  • Anecdotal experience indicates that cerebral edema and cerebral infarction may be caused by Tranexamic Acid Injection in such patients. (nih.gov)
  • Focal areas of retinal degeneration have developed in cats, dogs and rats following oral or intravenous tranexamic acid at doses between 250 to 1600 mg/kg/day (6 to 40 times the recommended usual human dose) from 6 days to 1 year. (nih.gov)
  • In patients with severe hypersensitivity reactions to tranexamic acid or any of the ingredients. (nih.gov)
  • For intravenous infusion, CYKLOKAPRON Injection may be mixed with most solutions for infusion such as electrolyte solutions, carbohydrate solutions, amino acid solutions, and Dextran solutions. (nih.gov)
  • The drug is a synthetic amino acid and should NOT be mixed with solutions containing penicillin. (nih.gov)