Cyclin h. Medical search

A cyclin subtype that is found as a component of a heterotrimeric complex containing cyclin-dependent kinase 7 and CDK-activating kinase assembly factor. The complex plays a role in cellular proliferation by phosphorylating several CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASES at specific regulatory threonine sites.

Protein encoded by the bcl-1 gene which plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle. Overexpression of cyclin D1 is the result of bcl-1 rearrangement, a t(11;14) translocation, and is implicated in various neoplasms.

A cyclin subtype that has specificity for CDC2 PROTEIN KINASE and CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 2. It plays a role in progression of the CELL CYCLE through G1/S and G2/M phase transitions.

Protein kinases that control cell cycle progression in all eukaryotes and require physical association with CYCLINS to achieve full enzymatic activity. Cyclin-dependent kinases are regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events.

A 50-kDa protein that complexes with CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 2 in the late G1 phase of the cell cycle.

A large family of regulatory proteins that function as accessory subunits to a variety of CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES. They generally function as ENZYME ACTIVATORS that drive the CELL CYCLE through transitions between phases. A subset of cyclins may also function as transcriptional regulators.

A cyclin subtype that is transported into the CELL NUCLEUS at the end of the G2 PHASE. It stimulates the G2/M phase transition by activating CDC2 PROTEIN KINASE.

A cyclin B subtype that colocalizes with MICROTUBULES during INTERPHASE and is transported into the CELL NUCLEUS at the end of the G2 PHASE.

A cyclin D subtype which is regulated by GATA4 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR. Experiments using KNOCKOUT MICE suggest a role for cyclin D2 in granulosa cell proliferation and gonadal development.

A broadly expressed type D cyclin. Experiments using KNOCKOUT MICE suggest a role for cyclin D3 in LYMPHOCYTE development.

A cyclin A subtype primarily found in male GERM CELLS. It may play a role in the passage of SPERMATOCYTES into meiosis I.

A widely-expressed cyclin A subtype that functions during the G1/S and G2/M transitions of the CELL CYCLE.

A cyclin subtype that is specific for CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 4 and CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 6. Unlike most cyclins, cyclin D expression is not cyclical, but rather it is expressed in response to proliferative signals. Cyclin D may therefore play a role in cellular responses to mitogenic signals.

A general transcription factor that is involved in basal GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR. It consists of nine subunits including ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASES; CYCLIN H; and XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM GROUP D PROTEIN.

An early non-mammalian embryo that follows the MORULA stage. A blastula resembles a hollow ball with the layer of cells surrounding a fluid-filled cavity (blastocele). The layer of cells is called BLASTODERM.

A key regulator of CELL CYCLE progression. It partners with CYCLIN E to regulate entry into S PHASE and also interacts with CYCLIN A to phosphorylate RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN. Its activity is inhibited by CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR P27 and CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR P21.

A family of cell cycle-dependent kinases that are related in structure to CDC28 PROTEIN KINASE; S CEREVISIAE; and the CDC2 PROTEIN KINASE found in mammalian species.

A cyclin G subtype that is constitutively expressed throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin G1 is considered a major transcriptional target of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53 and is highly induced in response to DNA damage.

A cyclin subtype that is found associated with CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 5; cyclin G associated kinase, and PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2.

A group of enzymes that catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues in proteins, with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.

The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. The cell cycle includes INTERPHASE, which includes G0 PHASE; G1 PHASE; S PHASE; and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE.

A cyclin subtype that binds to the CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 3 and CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 8. Cyclin C plays a dual role as a transcriptional regulator and a G1 phase CELL CYCLE regulator.

The so-called general transcription factors that bind to RNA POLYMERASE II and that are required to initiate transcription. They include TFIIA; TFIIB; TFIID; TFIIE; TFIIF; TFIIH; TFII-I; and TFIIJ. In vivo they apparently bind in an ordered multi-step process and/or may form a large preinitiation complex called RNA polymerase II holoenzyme.

A cyclin B subtype that colocalizes with GOLGI APPARATUS during INTERPHASE and is transported into the CELL NUCLEUS at the end of the G2 PHASE.

A cyclin subtype that is found associated with CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 9. Unlike traditional cyclins, which regulate the CELL CYCLE, type T cyclins appear to regulate transcription and are components of positive transcriptional elongation factor B.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

Amino acid transporter systems capable of transporting neutral amino acids (AMINO ACIDS, NEUTRAL).

An unusual cyclin subtype that is found highly expressed in terminally differentiated cells. Unlike conventional cyclins increased expression of cyclin G2 is believed to cause a withdrawal of cells from the CELL CYCLE.

Catalytically active enzymes that are formed by the combination of an apoenzyme (APOENZYMES) and its appropriate cofactors and prosthetic groups.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 is a key regulator of G1 PHASE of the CELL CYCLE. It partners with CYCLIN D to phosphorylate RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN. CDK4 activity is inhibited by CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR P16.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A type of CELL NUCLEUS division by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive identical complements of the number of CHROMOSOMES of the somatic cells of the species.

The phase of cell nucleus division following METAPHASE, in which the CHROMATIDS separate and migrate to opposite poles of the spindle.

The phase of cell nucleus division following PROMETAPHASE, in which the CHROMOSOMES line up across the equatorial plane of the SPINDLE APPARATUS prior to separation.

A genus of small, two-winged flies containing approximately 900 described species. These organisms are the most extensively studied of all genera from the standpoint of genetics and cytology.

Proteins that control the CELL DIVISION CYCLE. This family of proteins includes a wide variety of classes, including CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, mitogen-activated kinases, CYCLINS, and PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASES as well as their putative substrates such as chromatin-associated proteins, CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS, and TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS.

Proteins that originate from insect species belonging to the genus DROSOPHILA. The proteins from the most intensely studied species of Drosophila, DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER, are the subject of much interest in the area of MORPHOGENESIS and development.

Cyclin C/CDK8 and cyclin H/CDK7/p36 are biochemically distinct CTD kinases. (1/60)

Phosphorylation of the carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II is important for basal transcriptional processes in vivo and for cell viability. Several kinases, including certain cyclin-dependent kinases, can phosphorylate this substrate in vitro. It has been proposed that differential CTD phosphorylation by different kinases may regulate distinct transcriptional processes. We have found that two of these kinases, cyclin C/CDK8 and cyclin H/CDK7/p36, can specifically phosphorylate distinct residues in recombinant CTD substrates. This difference in specificity may be largely due to their varying ability to phosphorylate lysine-substituted heptapeptide repeats within the CTD, since they phosphorylate the same residue in CTD consensus heptapeptide repeats. Furthermore, this substrate specificity is reflected in vivo where cyclin C/ CDK8 and cyclin H/CDK7/p36 can differentially phosphorylate an endogenous RNA polymerase II substrate. Several small-molecule kinase inhibitors have different specificities for these related kinases, indicating that these enzymes have diverse active-site conformations. These results suggest that cyclin C/CDK8 and cyclin H/CDK7/p36 are physically distinct enzymes that may have unique roles in transcriptional regulation mediated by their phosphorylation of specific sites on RNA polymerase II. (+info)

Transforming growth factor beta targeted inactivation of cyclin E:cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2) complexes by inhibition of Cdk2 activating kinase activity. (2/60)

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta)-mediated G(1) arrest previously has been shown to specifically target inactivation of cyclin D:cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) 4/6 complexes. We report here that TGF-beta-treated human HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells arrest in G(1), but retain continued cyclin D:Cdk4/6 activity and active, hypophosphorylated retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein. Consistent with this observation, TGF-beta-treated cells failed to induce p15(INK4b), down-regulate CDC25A, or increase levels of p21(CIP1), p27(KIP1), and p57(KIP2). However, TGF-beta treatment resulted in the specific inactivation of cyclin E:Cdk2 complexes caused by absence of the activating Thr(160) phosphorylation on Cdk2. Whole-cell lysates from TGF-beta-treated cells showed inhibition of Cdk2 Thr(160) Cdk activating kinase (CAK) activity; however, cyclin H:Cdk7 activity, a previously assumed mammalian CAK, was not altered. Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains a genetically and biochemically proven CAK gene, CAK1, that encodes a monomeric 44-kDa Cak1p protein unrelated to Cdk7. Anti-Cak1p antibodies cross-reacted with a 45-kDa human protein with CAK activity that was specifically down-regulated in response to TGF-beta treatment. Taken together, these observations demonstrate that TGF-beta signaling mediates a G(1) arrest in HepG2 cells by targeting Cdk2 CAK and suggests the presence of at least two mammalian CAKs: one specific for Cdk2 and one for Cdk4/6. (+info)

Activation of a Plasmodium falciparum cdc2-related kinase by heterologous p25 and cyclin H. Functional characterization of a P. falciparum cyclin homologue. (3/60)

Several Plasmodium falciparum genes encoding cdc2-related protein kinases have been identified, but the modalities of their regulation remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we investigated the regulation in vitro of PfPK5, a putative homologue of Cdk1 (cdc2) in P. falciparum. We show that (i) PfPK5 is efficiently activated by heterologous (human) cyclin H and p25, a cyclin-like molecule that specifically activates human Cdk5; (ii) the activated enzyme can be inhibited by chemical Cdk inhibitors; (iii) Pfmrk, a putative P. falciparum homologue of the Cdk-activating kinase, does neither activate nor phosphorylate PfPK5; and (iv) PfPK5 is able to autophosphorylate in the presence of a cyclin. Taken together, these results suggest that the regulation of Plasmodium Cdks may differ in important aspects from that of their human counterparts. Furthermore, we cloned an open reading frame encoding a novel P. falciparum protein possessing maximal homology to cyclin H from various organisms, and we show that this protein, called Pfcyc-1, is able to activate recombinant PfPK5 in vitro with an efficiency similar to that of human cyclin H and p25. This work opens the way to the development of screening procedures aimed at identifying compounds that specifically target the parasite Cdks. (+info)

From androgen receptor to the general transcription factor TFIIH. Identification of cdk activating kinase (CAK) as an androgen receptor NH(2)-terminal associated coactivator. (4/60)

The androgen receptor (AR), like other steroid receptors, modulates the activity of the general transcription machinery on the core promoter to exert its function as a regulator. Co-immunoprecipitation of prostate cancer LNCaP cell extract using protein A-Sepharose coupled with anti-AR antibody indicates that the AR interacts with the general transcription factor TFIIH in a physiological condition. Co-transfection of cdk activating kinase (CAK), the kinase moiety of TFIIH, enhanced AR-mediated transcription in a ligand-dependent manner in human prostate cancer PC-3 and LNCaP cells, and in a ligand-independent manner in human prostate cancer DU145 cells. Detailed interaction studies further revealed that the AR NH(2)-terminal domain interacting with CAK was essential for the CAK-induced AR transactivation. Together, our data suggest that the AR may interact with TFIIH for efficient communication with the general transcription factors/RNA polymerase II on the core promoter. (+info)

Distinct regions of MAT1 regulate cdk7 kinase and TFIIH transcription activities. (5/60)

The transcription/DNA repair factor TFIIH may be resolved into at least two subcomplexes: the core TFIIH and the cdk-activating kinase (CAK) complex. The CAK complex, which is also found free in the cell, is composed of cdk7, cyclin H, and MAT1. In the present work, we found that the C terminus of MAT1 binds to the cdk7 x cyclin H complex and activates the cdk7 kinase activity. The median portion of MAT1, which contains a coiled-coil motif, allows the binding of CAK to the TFIIH core through interactions with both XPD and XPB helicases. Furthermore, using recombinant TFIIH complexes, it is demonstrated that the N-terminal RING finger domain of MAT1 is crucial for transcription activation and participates to the phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of the largest subunit of the RNA polymerase II. (+info)

CDK9 autophosphorylation regulates high-affinity binding of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat-P-TEFb complex to TAR RNA. (6/60)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat interacts with cyclin T1 (CycT1), a regulatory partner of CDK9 in the positive transcription elongation factor (P-TEFb) complex, and binds cooperatively with CycT1 to TAR RNA to recruit P-TEFb and promote transcription elongation. We show here that Tat also stimulates phosphorylation of affinity-purified core RNA polymerase II and glutathione S-transferase-C-terminal-domain substrates by CycT1-CDK9, but not CycH-CDK7, in vitro. Interestingly, incubation of recombinant Tat-P-TEFb complexes with ATP enhanced binding to TAR RNA dramatically, and the C-terminal half of CycT1 masked binding of Tat to TAR RNA in the absence of ATP. ATP incubation lead to autophosphorylation of CDK9 at multiple C-terminal Ser and Thr residues, and full-length CycT1 (amino acids 728) [CycT1(1-728)], but not truncated CycT1(1-303), was also phosphorylated by CDK9. P-TEFb complexes containing a catalytically inactive CDK9 mutant (D167N) bound TAR RNA weakly and independently of ATP, as did a C-terminal truncated CDK9 mutant that was catalytically active but unable to undergo autophosphorylation. Analysis of different Tat proteins revealed that the 101-amino-acid SF2 HIV-1 Tat was unable to bind TAR with CycT1(1-303) in the absence of phosphorylated CDK9, whereas unphosphorylated CDK9 strongly blocked binding of HIV-2 Tat to TAR RNA in a manner that was reversed upon autophosphorylation. Replacement of CDK9 phosphorylation sites with negatively charged residues restored binding of CycT1(1-303)-D167N-Tat, and rendered D167N a more potent inhibitor of transcription in vitro. Taken together, these results demonstrate that CDK9 phosphorylation is required for high-affinity binding of Tat-P-TEFb to TAR RNA and that the state of P-TEFb phosphorylation may regulate Tat transactivation in vivo. (+info)

Interactions of Cdk7 and Kin28 with Hint/PKCI-1 and Hnt1 histidine triad proteins. (7/60)

Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (Cdk7) forms a trimeric complex with cyclin H and Mat1 to form the mammalian Cdk-activating kinase, CAK, as well as a part of the basal transcription factor TFIIH, where Cdk7 phosphorylates the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II. Here, we report a novel interaction between Cdk7 and a histidine triad (HIT) family protein, Hint/PKCI-1. This interaction was initially observed in a yeast two-hybrid study and subsequently verified by co-immunoprecipitation and subcellular localization studies, where overexpression of Cdk7 leads to partial relocalization of Hint to the nucleus. The physical association is independent of cyclin H binding or Cdk7 kinase activity and is conserved between the related Sacharomyces cerevisiae CTD kinase Kin28 and the HIT protein Hnt1. Furthermore, combination of a disruption of HNT1 and a KIN28 temperature-sensitive allele in S. cerevisiae led to highly elongated cell morphology and reduced colony formation, indicating a genetic interaction between KIN28 and HNT1. The physical and genetic interactions of Hint and Hnt1 with Cdk7 and Kin28 suggest a role for this class of histidine triad proteins in the regulation of Cdk7 and Kin28 functions. (+info)

Regulation of CDK7-carboxyl-terminal domain kinase activity by the tumor suppressor p16(INK4A) contributes to cell cycle regulation. (8/60)

The eukaryotic cell cycle is regulated by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). CDK4 and CDK6, which are activated by D-type cyclins during the G(1) phase of the cell cycle, are thought to be responsible for phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma gene product (pRb). The tumor suppressor p16(INK4A) inhibits phosphorylation of pRb by CDK4 and CDK6 and can thereby block cell cycle progression at the G(1)/S boundary. Phosphorylation of the carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II by general transcription factor TFIIH is believed to be an important regulatory event in transcription. TFIIH contains a CDK7 kinase subunit and phosphorylates the CTD. We have previously shown that p16(INK4A) inhibits phosphorylation of the CTD by TFIIH. Here we report that the ability of p16(INK4A) to inhibit CDK7-CTD kinase contributes to the capacity to induce cell cycle arrest. These results suggest that p16(INK4A) may regulate cell cycle progression by inhibiting not only CDK4-pRb kinase activity but also by modulating CDK7-CTD kinase activity. Regulation of CDK7-CTD kinase activity by p16(INK4A) thus may represent an alternative pathway for controlling cell cycle progression. (+info)

... D / CDK4, Cyclin D / CDK6, and Cyclin E / CDK2 - regulates transition from G1 to S phase. G2/M cyclins - essential for ... The rise in presence of G1/S cyclins is paralleled by a rise in S cyclins. G1 cyclins do not behave like the other cyclins, in ... G1 cyclins, G1/S cyclins, S cyclins, and M cyclins. This division is useful when talking about most cell cycles, but it is not ... Note that the cyclins are now classified according to their conserved cyclin box structure, and not all these cyclins alter in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin

Cyclins function as regulators of CDK kinases. Different cyclins exhibit distinct expression and degradation patterns which ... Cyclin-T2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNT2 gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the highly ... This cyclin and its kinase partner CDK9 were found to be subunits of the transcription elongation factor p-TEFb. The p-TEFb ... "Entrez Gene: CCNT2 cyclin T2". Simone C, Bagella L, Bellan C, Giordano A (Jun 2002). "Physical interaction between pRb and cdk9 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_T2

Cyclin-O is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNO gene. Cyclin O has been shown to interact with RPA2 and PCNA. ... "Entrez Gene: CCNO cyclin O". Otterlei M, Warbrick E, Nagelhus TA, Haug T, Slupphaug G, Akbari M, Aas PA, Steinsbekk K, Bakke O ... Hirst R, Gosden R, Miller D (June 2006). "The cyclin-like uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) of murine oocytes and its relationship ... Muller SJ, Caradonna S (January 1993). "Cell cycle regulation of a human cyclin-like gene encoding uracil-DNA glycosylase". The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_O

Cyclins function as activating subunits of enzymatic complex together with cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Different cyclins ... Cyclin-A1 interacts with: CDC20, Cyclin-dependent kinase 2, E2F1, GNB2L1, GPS2, MYBL2, and Retinoblastoma protein. GRCh38: ... "Cyclin A1 directly interacts with B-myb and cyclin A1/cdk2 phosphorylate B-myb at functionally important serine and threonine ... "Cyclin A1 directly interacts with B-myb and cyclin A1/cdk2 phosphorylate B-myb at functionally important serine and threonine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_A1

... is a member of the cyclin family, specifically the B-type cyclins. The B-type cyclins, B1 and B2, associate with ... Cyclin B1 co-localizes with microtubules, whereas cyclin B2 is primarily associated with the Golgi region. Cyclin B2 also binds ... Cyclin B2 has been shown to interact with TGF beta receptor 2. Cyclin B GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000157456 - Ensembl, ... "Cyclin B2-null mice develop normally and are fertile whereas cyclin B1-null mice die in utero". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_B2

... is a member of the cyclin family. Cyclin B is a mitotic cyclin. The amount of cyclin B (which binds to Cdk1) and the ... Because cyclin B is necessary for cells to enter mitosis and therefore necessary for cell division, cyclin B levels are often ... The fact that cyclin B is often disregulated in cancer cells makes cyclin B an attractive biomarker. Many studies have been ... Cyclin+B at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Drosophila Cyclin B - The Interactive Fly (All ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_B

"Entrez Gene: CCNE1 cyclin E1". Shanahan F, Seghezzi W, Parry D, Mahony D, Lees E (February 1999). "Cyclin E associates with ... Mumberg D, Wick M, Bürger C, Haas K, Funk M, Müller R (1997). "Cyclin ET, a new splice variant of human cyclin E with a unique ... Cyclin E1 has been shown to interact with: CDC25A, CDKN1B, CUL3 Cdk1, Cyclin-dependent kinase 2, HERC5, P21, Retinoblastoma- ... Lew DJ, Dulić V, Reed SI (October 1991). "Isolation of three novel human cyclins by rescue of G1 cyclin (Cln) function in yeast ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_E1

Other than Rb, viral cyclin D-Cdk6 complex also targets p27Kip, a Cdk inhibitor of cyclin E and A. In addition, viral cyclin D- ... The phosphorylation of Rb by cyclin A-Cdk2, cyclin B-Cdk1, and cyclin E-Cdk2 are unaffected. The C terminus has a stretch of 21 ... In mice and humans, two more cyclin D proteins have been identified. The three homologues, called cyclin D1, cyclin D2, and ... among which is cyclin D. In this way, cyclin D is synthesized as long as the growth factor is present. Cyclin D levels in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_D

Cyclins function as regulators of cyclin-dependent kinases. Different cyclins exhibit distinct expression and degradation ... Brooks AR, Shiffman D, Chan CS, Brooks EE, Milner PG (Apr 1996). "Functional analysis of the human cyclin D2 and cyclin D3 ... "The consensus motif for phosphorylation by cyclin D1-Cdk4 is different from that for phosphorylation by cyclin A/E-Cdk2". The ... G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCND2 gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_D2

Cyclins function as regulators of CDKs (Cyclin-dependent kinase). Different cyclins exhibit distinct expression and degradation ... cyclin D1 is translocated to the IgH promoter leading to cyclin D1 overexpression. Chromosomal translocation of the cyclin D1 ... Cyclin D1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCND1 gene. The CCND1 gene encodes the cyclin D1 protein. The human ... Cyclin D1 and the mechanisms it regulates have the potential to be a therapeutic target for cancer drugs: Cyclin D1 has been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_D1

"Cyclin K inhibits HIV-1 gene expression and replication by interfering with cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9)-cyclin T1 ... "Entrez Gene: CCNK cyclin K". Baek K, Brown RS, Birrane G, Ladias JA (February 2007). "Crystal structure of human cyclin K, a ... Cyclin K also interacts with HIV nef protein. In the presence of overexpressed Nef protein, Cyclin k and CDK9 binding is ... Cyclin K is indispensable for Leukemia growth. SETD1A, is also known to bind Cyclin K through its FLOS domain. The interaction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_K

"Cyclin F regulates the nuclear localization of cyclin B1 through a cyclin-cyclin interaction". EMBO J. 19 (6): 1378-88. doi: ... G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNB1 gene. Cyclin B1 is a regulatory protein ... Like all cyclins, levels of cyclin B1 oscillate over the course of the cell cycle. Just prior to mitosis, a large amount of ... Cyclin B1 can reside in the nucleus or the cytoplasm which can have an effect on the malignant potential of cyclin B1 when ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_B1

... is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNE2 gene. It is a G1 cyclin that binds Cdk2 and is inhibited by p27( ... Gudas JM, Payton M, Thukral S, Chen E, Bass M, Robinson MO, Coats S (January 1999). "Cyclin E2, a novel G1 cyclin that binds ... Zariwala, M.; Liu, J.; Xiong, Y. (1998-11-26). "Cyclin E2, a novel human G1 cyclin and activating partner of CDK2 and CDK3, is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_E2

Like all cyclin family members, cyclin E forms a complex with cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK2). Cyclin E/CDK2 regulates multiple ... Cyclin E is a member of the cyclin family. Cyclin E binds to G1 phase Cdk2, which is required for the transition from G1 to S ... Cyclin E/CDK2 plays a critical role in the G1 phase and in the G1-S phase transition. Cyclin E/CDK2 phosphorylates ... Dysregulation of cyclin E occurs in 18-22% of the breast cancers. Cyclin E is a prognostic marker in breast cancer, its altered ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_E

Cyclins function as regulators of CDK kinases. Different cyclins exhibit distinct expression and degradation patterns that ... Cyclin-T1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNT1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the highly ... This cyclin tightly associates with CDK9 kinase, and was found to be a major subunit of the transcription elongation factor p- ... This cyclin and its kinase partner were also found to be involved in the phosphorylation and regulation of the carboxy-terminal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_T1

Cyclin-A2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNA2 gene. It is one of the two types of cyclin A: cyclin A1 is ... Cyclin A2 belongs to the cyclin family, whose members regulate cell cycle progression by interacting with CDK kinases. Cyclin ... The cyclin A2-CDK2 complex eventually phosphorylates E2F, turning off cyclin A2 transcription. E2F promotes cyclin A2 ... Cyclin A2 is synthesized at the onset of S phase and localizes to the nucleus, where the cyclin A2-CDK2 complex is implicated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_A2

... has been shown to interact with P53, Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 and MNAT1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000134480 ... Cyclins function as regulators of CDK kinases. Different cyclins exhibit distinct expression and degradation patterns which ... Cyclin-H is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNH gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the highly ... This cyclin forms a complex with CDK7 kinase and ring finger protein MAT1. The kinase complex is able to phosphorylate CDK2 and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_H

... remains associated with CDK1 from late S into late G2 phase when it is replaced by cyclin B. Cyclin A/CDK1 is thought ... Cyclin A is the only cyclin that regulates multiple steps of the cell cycle. Cyclin A can regulate multiple cell cycle steps ... Cyclin A2 is expressed in dividing somatic cells. Cyclin A, along with the other members of the cyclin family, regulates cell ... P21 is a CDK inhibitor that binds to several cyclin/CDK complexes, including cyclin A-CDK2/1 and cyclin D/CDK4, and blocks the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_A

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4, Cyclin-dependent kinase 6, EIF3K, and Retinoic acid receptor alpha. Cyclin Cyclin D GRCh38: Ensembl ... Cyclins function as regulators of CDK kinases. Different cyclins exhibit distinct expression and degradation patterns which ... Brooks AR, Shiffman D, Chan CS, Brooks EE, Milner PG (1996). "Functional analysis of the human cyclin D2 and cyclin D3 ... G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCND3 gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin_D3

CDK6; cyclin D1, cyclin D2, cyclin D3 CDK7; cyclin H CDK8; cyclin C CDK9; cyclin T1, cyclin T2a, cyclin T2b, cyclin K CDK10 ... cyclin A, cyclin B CDK2; cyclin A, cyclin E CDK3; cyclin C CDK4; cyclin D1, cyclin D2, cyclin D3 CDK5; CDK5R1, CDK5R2. See also ... Furthermore, cyclin binding determines the specificity of the cyclin-CDK complex for particular substrates. Cyclins can ... Viruses can encode proteins with sequence homology to cyclins. One much-studied example is K-cyclin (or v-cyclin) from Kaposi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase

E2F.2FpRb complexes Hyperphosphorylation cdc25 Maturation promoting factor CDK cyclin A cyclin B cyclin D cyclin E Wee (cell ... "Cyclin F regulates the nuclear localization of cyclin B1 through a cyclin-cyclin interaction". EMBO J. 19 (6): 1378-1388. doi: ... Cyclin binding alters access to the active site of Cdk1, allowing for Cdk1 activity; furthermore, cyclins impart specificity to ... Furthermore, cyclins can target Cdk1 to particular subcellular locations. In addition to regulation by cyclins, Cdk1 is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase_1

"Entrez Gene: CDK10 cyclin-dependent kinase (CDC2-like) 10". Kasten M, Giordano A (Apr 2001). "Cdk10, a Cdc2-related kinase, ... Cyclin-dependent kinase 10 has been shown to interact with ETS2. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000185324 - Ensembl, May ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase_10

A Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 interacts with: CDKN2C, Cyclin D1, Cyclin D3, P16, PPM1B, and PPP2CA. Cell cycle Cyclin-dependent ... It is regulated by cyclins, more specifically by Cyclin D proteins and Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor proteins. The protein ... 1996). "Inhibition of Cyclin D-CDK4/CDK6 Activity Is Associated with an E2F-Mediated Induction of Cyclin Kinase Inhibitor ... 2003). "Expression of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6, but Not Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4, Alters Morphology of Cultured Mouse ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase_6

... has been shown to interact with: BRCA1, CDK2AP1, CDKN1B CDKN3, CEBPA, Cyclin A1, Cyclin E1, Flap ... "Entrez Gene: CDK2 cyclin-dependent kinase 2". Echalier A, Endicott JA, Noble ME (March 2010). "Recent developments in cyclin- ... This protein associates with and is regulated by the regulatory subunits of the complex including cyclin E or A. Cyclin E binds ... Lacy S, Whyte P (May 1997). "Identification of a p130 domain mediating interactions with cyclin A/cdk 2 and cyclin E/cdk 2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase_2

... has been shown to interact with: Androgen receptor, Cyclin H, GTF2H1, MNAT1, P53, SUPT5H, and XPB. ... Cyclin-dependent kinase 7, or cell division protein kinase 7, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CDK7 gene. The ... The growth suppressor p53 has been shown to interact with cyclin H both in vitro and in vivo. Addition of wild type p53 was ... "Entrez Gene: CDK7 cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (MO15 homolog, Xenopus laevis, cdk-activating kinase)". Patel H, Abduljabbar R, Lai ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase_7

"OMIM Entry - * 123831 - CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 5; CDK5". omim.org. Retrieved 2020-11-02. Tsai, Li-Huei. Cyclin Dependent ... Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 is a protein, and more specifically an enzyme, that is encoded by the Cdk5 gene. It was discovered 15 ... Cyclin Dependent Kinase 5. Springer. 19 August 2008. ISBN 978-0-387-78886-9. Patrick GN, Zukerberg L, Nikolic M, de la Monte S ... Cyclin-Dependent+Kinase+5 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) CDK5 human gene location in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase_5

During G2 phase, cyclin A is degraded, while cyclin B is synthesized and cyclin B-Cdk1 complexes form. Not only are cyclin B- ... cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), with a regulatory subunit, cyclin. Once cyclin-dependent kinases bind to cyclin, the formed ... Cyclin Cyclin-dependent kinase Malumbres M, Barbacid M. Mammalian cyclin-dependent kinases. Trends Biochem. Sci. 2005 Nov;30(11 ... cyclin D1-Cdk4 and cyclin D1-Cdk6 phosphorylate pRB, followed by additional phosphorylation from the cyclin E-Cdk2 CDKC. Once ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase_complex

"Entrez Gene: CDK4 cyclin-dependent kinase 4". "CDK4 - Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 - Homo sapiens (Human) - CDK4 gene & protein". ... Component of the ternary complex, cyclin D/CDK4/CDKN1B, required for nuclear translocation and activity of the cyclin D-CDK4 ... 1993). "Direct binding of cyclin D to the retinoblastoma gene product (pRb) and pRb phosphorylation by the cyclin D-dependent ... 1995). "Identification of human cyclin-dependent kinase 8, a putative protein kinase partner for cyclin C". Proc. Natl. Acad. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase_4

... or CDK9 is a cyclin-dependent kinase associated with P-TEFb. The protein encoded by this gene is a ... This protein forms a complex with and is regulated by its regulatory subunit cyclin T or cyclin K. HIV-1 Tat protein was found ... Cyclin-Dependent+Kinase+9 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Drosophila Cyclin dependent ... "Entrez Gene: CDK9 cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDC2-related kinase)". MacLachlan TK, Sang N, De Luca A, Puri PL, Levrero M, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase_9

"Entrez Gene: CDK3 cyclin-dependent kinase 3". Bullrich F, MacLachlan TK, Sang N, et al. (1995). "Chromosomal mapping of members ... 2002). "ik3-1/Cables is a substrate for cyclin-dependent kinase 3 (cdk 3)". Eur. J. Biochem. 268 (23): 6076-82. doi:10.1046/j. ... Ren S, Rollins BJ (2004). "Cyclin C/cdk3 promotes Rb-dependent G0 exit". Cell. 117 (2): 239-51. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00300 ... CDK3 can phosphorylate histone H1 and interacts with an unknown type of cyclin. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000250506 - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclin-dependent_kinase_3

Activation of cyclin D1 and D2 promoters by human T-cell leukemia virus type I tax protein is associated with IL-2-independent ... Our data suggest that induction of cyclins D1 and D2 by Tax is involved in IL-2-independent cell-cycle progression as well as ... A Tax mutant that did not activate NF-{kappa}B failed to activate cyclin D1 and D2 promoters. Inhibitors of NF-{kappa}B ( ... Our findings link HTLV-I infection to changes in cellular D-type cyclin gene expression, transformation of T cells and ...

https://www.mdc-berlin.de/de/research/publications/activation-cyclin-d1-and-d2-promoters-human-t-cell-leukemia-virus-type-i-tax

Rabbit polyclonal Cyclin A1 antibody. Validated in WB, ELISA, IHC, ICC/IF and tested in Human. Cited in 24 publication(s). ... I attach you a picture of wb in which the anti-cyclin A E23.1 ab38 is a good antibody to recognize the cyclin A2 on wb but the ... Anti-Cyclin A1 + Cyclin A2 antibody [EPR18054] (ab185619) *Research with confidence - consistent and reproducible results with ... and I have been to order the antibody anti-cyclin A1 ab53699 and anti-cyclin A E23.1 ab38 to abcam. I have a technical problem ...

https://www.abcam.com/cyclin-a1-antibody-ab53699.html

cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 2provided by HGNC. Primary source. HGNC:HGNC:1776 See related. Ensembl: ... enables cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor. ... CDK5R2 cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ] Gene ID: 8941, updated on 22-Sep-2022 ... enables cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8941

J:306141 Franken GAC, et al., Cyclin M2 (CNNM2) knockout mice show mild hypomagnesaemia and developmental defects. Sci Rep. ...

http://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/MGI:2151060

Crystal structure of the Cyclin A-CDK2-ORC1 complex ... The complex of Cyclin A with cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) ... The complex of Cyclin A with cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) controls the DNA replication activity through phosphorylation of ... The structure revealed that the ORC1 peptide interacts with a hydrophobic groove, termed cyclin binding groove (CBG), of Cyclin ... Progression of cell cycle is regulated by sequential expression of cyclins, which associate with distinct cyclin kinases to ...

https://www.rcsb.org/structure/6P3W

Highly specific and rigorously validated in-house, Cyclin D2 (D52F9) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (CST #3741) is ready to ship. ... Monoclonal Antibody for studying Cyclin D2. Cited in 111 publications. Validated for Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation. ... Cyclin D2 (D52F9) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total cyclin D2 protein. It does not cross-react with other family ... Activity of the cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6 is regulated by T-loop phosphorylation, by the abundance of their cyclin ...

https://www.cellsignal.com/products/primary-antibodies/cyclin-d2-d52f9-rabbit-mab/3741

CDK4 functions as a cell-cycle initiator protein. This protein is coexpressed and copurified with CyclinD1.

https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/PV4400

View Mouse Monoclonal anti-Cyclin D1 Antibody (SPM587) (NBP2-32840). Validated Applications: WB, Flow, ICC/IF, IHC, IHC-P. ... Cyclin D1 Antibody (SPM587) Summary. Immunogen. Human recombinant full length cyclin D1 protein (Uniprot: P24385) ... Western Blot: Cyclin D1 Antibody (SPM587) [NBP2-32840] - analysis of Cyclin D1 in human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 cell ... Diseases for Cyclin D1 Antibody (NBP2-32840). Discover more about diseases related to Cyclin D1 Antibody (NBP2-32840). ...

https://www.novusbio.com/products/cyclin-d1-antibody-spm587_nbp2-32840

... Published: 08th May 2020 ...

http://www.articlealley.com/roscovitine-a-particular-inhibitor-of-cyclin-dependent-kinases-and-cycloheximide-a-protein-synthesis-2444087.html

The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitory domain of the yeast Sic1 protein is contained within the C-terminal 70 amino acids. ... BACKGROUND: The p13suc1 gene product is a member of the cks (cyclin-dependent protein kinase subunit) protein family and has ...

https://www.wikigenes.org/e/gene/e/2540239.html

Use of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitor with Hormonal Therapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer-Efficacy in Patient Subgroups * ... Use of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitor with Hormonal Therapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer-Efficacy in Patient Subgroups ... Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are enzymes that play an important role in cell division, making them attractive therapeutic ... Abbreviations: CDKI, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor; CI, confidence interval; MNE, median not estimable; NE, not estimable; ...

https://www.fda.gov/drugs/regulatory-science-research-and-education/use-cyclin-dependent-kinase-46-inhibitor-hormonal-therapy-metastatic-breast-cancer-efficacy-patient

... human and yeast cyclins, thus identifying p35 as a cyclin-like regulatory subunit. The greatest sequence similarity of human ... is itself a Cdc2-related cyclin-dependent protein kinase that associates with cyclin H. The present study utilized specific ... The activation of cyclin-dependent protein kinases (Cdks) is dependent upon site-specific phosphorylation and dephosphorylation ... cyclin H), and a 35-kDa protein that was further characterized herein. Microsequence analysis obtained after limited ...

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Biochemical-Characterization-of-the-Human-Protein-Yee-Wu/38f78ad6da05dbe51ab7dc76766a699eee0c663c

IER3, BCL2A1 and cyclin D2 mRNA expression were detected using RT-qPCR, 48 h after transfection with miR-30a. As demonstrated ... Wang T, Li F and Tang S: MiR-30a upregulates BCL2A1, IER3 and cyclin D2 expression by targeting FOXL2. Oncol Lett 9: 967-971, ... miR-30a promotes BCL2A1, IER3 and cyclin D2 gene expression by suppressing FOXL2. The consequences of miR-30a knockdown and ... Wang, T., Li, F., Tang, S.MiR-30a upregulates BCL2A1, IER3 and cyclin D2 expression by targeting FOXL2. Oncology Letters 9.2 ...

https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/ol.2014.2723

... CCND2 protein solution (1mg/ml) containing 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), 10% glycerol, 2mM DTT ... Cyclins serve as regulators of CDK kinases. Various cyclins demonstrate distinct expression and degradation patterns which ... CCND2 is a member of the highly conserved cyclin family, whose members are characterized by a dramatic periodicity in protein ...

https://www.neuromics.com/PR27281

CyclinA2-Cyclin-dependent Kinase Regulates SAMHD1 Protein Phosphohydrolase Domain.. Yan J, Hao C, DeLucia M, Swanson S, Florens ...

https://www.stowers.org/research/publications/libpb-774

Herein, we show that cyclin D1 enhanced H3K9 dimethylation though direct association with G9a. Endogenous cyclin D1 was ... The finding that cyclin D1 is required for recruitment of G9a to target genes in chromatin and for H3K9 dimethylation, ... The cyclin D1 gene product encodes the regulatory subunit of the holoenzyme that phosphorylates pRB and NRF1 thereby governing ... Herein, we show that cyclin D1 enhanced H3K9 dimethylation though direct association with G9a. Endogenous cyclin D1 was ...

https://jdc.jefferson.edu/cbfp/148/

3-[(6,7-Dimethoxy-4-quinazolinyl)amino]-phenol (Janex 3; WHI-P180) Cyclin-dependent Kinase (CDK) Inhibitor

https://otavachemicals.com/products/biochemicals/171-cyclin-dependentkinasecdkinhibitor

Suppression of cell transformation by the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57KIP2 requires binding to proliferating cell ...

https://www.addgene.org/browse/article/1921/

Proteintechs Mouse Monoclonal Cyclin B2 antibody is validated in IF and shows reactivity with Human, mouse samples. ... Cyclin B2 (CCNB2) is a member of cyclin family proteins, which regulate the activities of cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) and ... Cyclin B2 serves a key role in progression of G2/M transition. Cyclin B2 has been found to be up-regulated in a variety of ... CoraLite®488-conjugated Cyclin B2 Monoclonal antibody. Cyclin B2 Monoclonal Antibody for IF. ...

https://www.ptglab.com/products/Cyclin-B2-Antibody-CL488-67726.htm

The level of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 Kip1 after DNA damage is retained in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells ...

https://www.muni.cz/uk/vyzkum/publikace/1399398

... cyclin D1 and c-myc, and the similar eye phenotypes of cyclin D1 and meis1 morphants, prompted us to ask whether cyclin D1 and ... meis1 morphants show a dramatic reduction in cyclin D1 and c-myc in the eye (red arrowheads). cyclin D1 and c-myc are still ... meis1 morphants show a dramatic reduction in cyclin D1 and c-myc in the eye (red arrowheads). cyclin D1 and c-myc are still ... Co-injection of meis1 mRNA rescues the loss of cyclin D1 expression in meis1-morphant embryos.cyclin D1 in situ hybridization ...

https://journals.biologists.com/dev/article/135/5/799/65019/meis1-regulates-cyclin-D1-and-c-mycexpression-and

... such as MYC and cyclin D1 (Shtutman et al., 1999; Tetsu and McCormick, 1999). The cyclin D1 protein is a major player in the ... 1999) Cyclins and cell cycle checkpoints Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology 39:295-312. ... 2008) Transcriptional regulation of the cyclin D1 gene at a glance Journal of Cell Science 121:3853-3857. ... 2000) Beta-catenin, a novel prognostic marker for breast cancer: its roles in cyclin D1 expression and cancer progression PNAS ...

https://elifesciences.org/articles/16748

Kumagai, Akiko and Dunphy, William G. (1995) Control of the Cdc2/cyclin B complex in Xenopus egg extracts arrested at a G2/M ... Control of the Cdc2/cyclin B complex in Xenopus egg extracts arrested at a G2/M checkpoint with DNA synthesis inhibitors ... However, at threshold concentrations, a Cdc2/cyclin B complex containing a mutant Cdc2 subunit that cannot be phosphorylated on ... We provide evidence that the checkpoint-dependent suppression of the Cdc2/cyclin B complex involves a titratable inhibitor that ...

https://authors.library.caltech.edu/3895/

This was associated with a fall in cyclin D1 levels, a reduction in the half-life of cyclin D1 protein and a decline in cyclin ... and cyclin E-cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) 2 activity demonstrated that overexpression of cyclin D1 decreased sensitivity to ... and the maintenance of cyclin E-p27 association in the cyclin E-overexpressing cells. These data confirm that cyclin D1 ... The potential roles of cyclin D1 and cyclin E expression as markers of therapeutic responsiveness to the pure steroidal ...

https://www.garvan.org.au/research/publications/1565

Effect of betulinic acid on the regulation of Hiwi and cyclin B1 in human gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells ... Effect of betulinic acid on the regulation of Hiwi and cyclin B1 in human gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells Li-jing Yang, Yan ... The expression of Hiwi and Cyclin B1 was down-regulated in BA-treated AGS cells in a dose-dependent manner.. Conclusion: BA ... Both FCM and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) technologies were applied to detect the expression of Hiwi and Cyclin B1.. ...

http://www.chinaphar.com/article/view/4509

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae G1 Cyclins Are Differentially Involved in Invasive and Pseudohyphal Growth Independent of the ... Saccharomyces Cerevisiae G1 Cyclins Are Differentially Involved in Invasive and Pseudohyphal Growth Independent of the ... Resources relating to Saccharomyces Cerevisiae G1 Cyclins Are Differentially Involved in Invasive and Pseudohyphal Growth ...

https://www.dechert.com/knowledge/publication/1999/1/saccharomyces-cerevisiae-g1-cyclins-are-differentially-involved.html

... those synthesizing the delayed response genes and cyclin D/Cdk4 in response to growth signals; (c) the E2F-dependent cyclin E/ ... those synthesizing the delayed response genes and cyclin D/Cdk4 in response to growth signals; (c) the E2F-dependent cyclin E/ ... those synthesizing the delayed response genes and cyclin D/Cdk4 in response to growth signals; (c) the E2F-dependent cyclin E/ ... those synthesizing the delayed response genes and cyclin D/Cdk4 in response to growth signals; (c) the E2F-dependent cyclin E/ ...

https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/restriction-point-control-of-the-mammalian-cell-cycle-via-the-cyc

Cks proteins have been implicated in entry into and exit from mitosis, by promoting Cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) activity on ... Cks30A mutants are compromised for Cyclin A destruction, resulting in an arrest or delay at the metaphase/anaphase transition, ... Cks30A appears to regulate Cyclin A levels through the activity of a female germline-specific anaphase-promoting complex, CDC20 ... Cks proteins have been implicated in entry into and exit from mitosis, by promoting Cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) activity on ...

https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/biologypub/1063/

The indirubins are known inhibitors of cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs), including CRK3 from the protozoan parasite Leishmania ... Indirubin inhibitors of Leishmania mexicana CRK3 Cyclin Dependent Kinase Poster Published: March 7, 2007 ... The indirubins are known inhibitors of cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs), including CRK3 from the protozoan parasite Leishmania ... and 5-positions exhibit significant selectivity as inhibitors of CRK3 compared with CDK1/cyclin B in vitro. ...

https://www.technologynetworks.com/tn/posters/indirubin-inhibitors-of-leishmania-mexicana-crk3-cyclin-dependent-kinase-230511

The p21WAF1 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor plays a key role in senescence and in cell cycle arrest after DNA damage. Here, ... Tbx2 Directly Represses the Expression of the p21WAF1 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Share Share Share ... The p21WAF1 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor plays a key role in senescence and in cell cycle arrest after DNA damage. Here, ... Tbx2 Directly Represses the Expression of the p21WAF1 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor ...

https://www.ndm.ox.ac.uk/publications/92996

Progression of cell cycle is regulated by sequential expression of cyclins, which associate with distinct cyclin kinases to drive the transition between different cell cycle phases. (rcsb.org)
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are enzymes that play an important role in cell division, making them attractive therapeutic targets for certain cancers, including some types of breast cancer. (fda.gov)
The activation of cyclin-dependent protein kinases (Cdks) is dependent upon site-specific phosphorylation and dephosphorylation reactions, as well as positive and negative regulatory subunits. (semanticscholar.org)
Cyclin-dependent kinases: initial approaches to exploit a novel therapeutic target. (semanticscholar.org)
Cyclins serve as regulators of CDK kinases. (neuromics.com)
Cyclin B2 (CCNB2) is a member of cyclin family proteins, which regulate the activities of cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) and different cyclins function spatially and temporally in specific phases of the cell cycle. (ptglab.com)
The indirubins are known inhibitors of cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs), including CRK3 from the protozoan parasite Leishmania mexicana, which is essential for proliferation of the disease Leishmaniasis. (technologynetworks.com)
Cyclin F, unlike canonical and transcriptional cyclins, does not bind or activate any cyclin-dependent kinases. (aging-us.com)
Orderly progression through the cell cycle is driven by the periodic oscillations in the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) [ 1 ]. (aging-us.com)
The eukaryotic cell cycle is governed by cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) whose activities are regulated by cyclins and CDK inhibitors. (fishersci.no)
Cell cycle progression is regulated by cyclin-dependent protein kinases at both the G1/S and the G2/M transitions. (reactome.org)
In light of investigations documenting a central role for cyclin-dependent kinases in controlling the cell cycle, we addressed the hypothesis that P. carinii inhibits epithelial cell growth by interfering with host epithelial cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) activity. (elsevier.com)
In this paper, we show that substrate specificity is primarily conferred on human mitotic cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) by their subcellular localization. (elsevier.com)
Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) are key drivers from the cell routine and are necessary for the initiation and development of varied malignancies1,2. (woofahs.com)
Binding of cyclin D1 to its kinase partners, the cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4\6) results in the formation of active complexes that phosphorylate the Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (RB). (biomedcentral.com)
A large family of regulatory proteins that function as accessory subunits to a variety of CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES. (bvsalud.org)
Cyclin-dependent kinases. (who.int)
PFTAIRE-2 shares sequence similarity with Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs), which belong to a large family of STKs that are regulated by their cognate cyclins. (umbc.edu)

The activity of CDKs, in turn, is controlled by their binding to allosteric regulatory proteins called cyclins. (aging-us.com)
However, unlike cyclin A and many other cyclins, cyclin F does not bind or activate CDKs [ 3 ]. (aging-us.com)
The difference in localization of the B-type cyclin-CDKs underlies the ability of cyclin B1-CDK1 to cause chromosome condensation, reorganization of the microtubules, and disassembly of the nuclear lamina and of the Golgi apparatus, while it restricts cyclin B2-CDK1 to disassembly of the Golgi apparatus. (elsevier.com)
Together, CDKs and cyclins are involved in the control of cell-cycle progression, transcription, and neuronal function. (umbc.edu)

CDER researchers analyzed data from patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer to determine whether any patient or tumor characteristics were associated with more (or less) benefit from adding a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor to a hormonal agent. (fda.gov)
All patient subgroups benefited from the addition of a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor to hormonal therapy. (fda.gov)
Addgene: Suppression of cell transformation by the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57KIP2 requires binding to proliferating cell nuclear antigen. (addgene.org)
The p21WAF1 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor plays a key role in senescence and in cell cycle arrest after DNA damage. (ox.ac.uk)

Using cell-free extracts from Xenopus eggs, we have investigated the mechanisms underlying the inability of a recombinant Cdc2/cyclin B complex to induce mitosis in the presence of incompletely replicated DNA. (caltech.edu)
However, at threshold concentrations, a Cdc2/cyclin B complex containing a mutant Cdc2 subunit that cannot be phosphorylated on either tyrosine 15 or threonine 14 displays a markedly reduced capacity to induce mitosis in the presence of aphidicolin. (caltech.edu)
Cks proteins have been implicated in entry into and exit from mitosis, by promoting Cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) activity on mitotic substrates. (uwindsor.ca)
2007). Cyclin B1 is primarily cytoplasmic during interphase and translocates into the nucleus at the onset of mitosis (Jackman et al. (reactome.org)
1999). Cyclin B2 colocalizes with the Golgi apparatus and contributes to its fragmentation during mitosis (Jackman et al. (reactome.org)
The CDK4 activity associated with this cyclin was reported to be necessary for cell cycle progression through G2 phase into mitosis after UV radiation. (anticorps-enligne.fr)
Cyclin A triggers Mitosis either via the Greatwall kinase pathway or Cyclin B. (bvsalud.org)
Two mitotic cyclin types, cyclin A and B, exist in higher eukaryotes , but their specialised functions in mitosis are incompletely understood. (bvsalud.org)
Cells lacking cyclin B can enter mitosis and phosphorylate most mitotic proteins , because of parallel PP2AB55 phosphatase inactivation by Greatwall kinase . (bvsalud.org)

In ICI 182780-treated cyclin D1-overexpressing cells, sufficient Cdk activity was retained to allow retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation and cell proliferation, despite an increase in the association of p21 and p27 with cyclin D1-Cdk4/6 and cyclin E-Cdk2 complexes. (garvan.org.au)
Furthermore, evaluation of The Cancers Genome Atlas (TCGA) data7 uncovered that breasts malignancies harboring cyclin D1 amplification (i.e., improved CDK4/6 activity) screen significantly lower appearance of and than non-amplified tumors (Prolonged Data Fig. 2d). (woofahs.com)
This cyclin forms a complex with and functions as a regulatory subunit of CDK4 or CDK6, whose activtiy is required for cell cycle G1/S transition. (anticorps-enligne.fr)
Kisqali is a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor. (vsyl.net)

Various cyclins demonstrate distinct expression and degradation patterns which contribute to the temporal coordination of each mitotic event. (neuromics.com)
Furthermore, we show that the disassembly of the Golgi apparatus initiated by either mitotic cyclin-CDK complex does not require mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) activity. (elsevier.com)
Shape 2 LMW-E overexpression results in mitotic defects Cyclin E expression cooperates with p53 loss in causing mitotic defects and chromosome missegregation Presence of the tumor suppressor p53 is known to Clofibrate be a crucial component of a checkpoint that limits the accumulation of cells with supernumerary centrosomes (24). (immune-source.com)
To examine whether p53 loss cooperates with cyclin E overexpression (EL or LMW-E) to induce mitotic defects we introduced EL and LMW-E by adenoviral contamination into human mammary epithelial 76NF2V and 76NE6 cells (Fig. 3A). (immune-source.com)
Loss of cyclin A in G2-phase prevents mitotic entry. (bvsalud.org)
The final barrier to mitotic establishment corresponds to nuclear envelope breakdown, which requires a decisive shift in the balance of cyclin-dependent kinase Cdk1 and PP2AB55 activity. (bvsalud.org)
Beyond this point, cyclin B /Cdk1 is essential for phosphorylation of a distinct subset of mitotic Cdk1 substrates that are essential to complete cell division . (bvsalud.org)
Our results identify how cyclin A , cyclin B and Greatwall kinase coordinate mitotic progression by increasing levels of Cdk1-dependent substrate phosphorylation . (bvsalud.org)

Our findings link HTLV-I infection to changes in cellular D-type cyclin gene expression, transformation of T cells and subsequent development of T-cell leukemia. (mdc-berlin.de)
The cyclin D1 gene product encodes the regulatory subunit of the holoenzyme that phosphorylates pRB and NRF1 thereby governing cell-cycle progression and mitochondrial metabolism. (jefferson.edu)
have now examined how the activities of β-catenin and the cyclin D1 gene change in living human cells. (elifesciences.org)
These analyses were initially performed in a population of cells, and confirmed that β-catenin rapidly accumulates after a Wnt signal and that the cyclin D1 gene becomes activated. (elifesciences.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the cyclin family and contains the cyclin box. (fishersci.no)
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the highly conserved cyclin family, whose members are characterized by a dramatic periodicity in protein abundance through the cell cycle. (anticorps-enligne.fr)
The CCND2 gene provides instructions for making a protein called cyclin D2. (medlineplus.gov)
The molecular consequence of translocation is overexpression of the protein cyclin D1 (coded by the PRAD1 gene located close to the breakpoint). (medscape.com)
2008. Rac-dependent cyclin D1 gene expression regulated by cadherin- and integrin-mediated adhesion. . (ucsf.edu)

Endogenous cyclin D1 was required for the recruitment of G9a to target genes in chromatin, for G9a-induced H3K9me2 of histones, and for NL-LAD interaction. (jefferson.edu)
The finding that cyclin D1 is required for recruitment of G9a to target genes in chromatin and for H3K9 dimethylation, identifies a novel mechanism coordinating protein methylation. (jefferson.edu)
One of these genes, called cyclin D1 , controls cell division. (elifesciences.org)
Experimental Design: To test this hypothesis, we used ovarian cancer effusion as an example and applied a quantitative real-time PCR tomeasure the relative copy number and strand length of DNA fragments from one of the most frequently amplified genes, cyclin E, in ovarian serous carcinomas. (elsevier.com)

It has been shown that the direct interaction between the Cyclin A-CDK2 complex and origin recognition complex subunit 1 (ORC1) mediates the localization of ORC1 to centrosomes, where ORC1 inhibits cyclin E-mediated centrosome reduplication. (rcsb.org)
Here we report the crystal structure of Cyclin A-CDK2 complex bound to a peptide derived from ORC1 at 2.54 å resolution. (rcsb.org)
This was associated with a fall in cyclin D1 levels, a reduction in the half-life of cyclin D1 protein and a decline in cyclin E-Cdk2 activity in cyclin D1-overexpressing cells, and the maintenance of cyclin E-p27 association in the cyclin E-overexpressing cells. (garvan.org.au)
Restriction point control of the mammalian cell cycle via the cyclin E/Cdk2:p27 complex. (vu.nl)
Dive into the research topics of 'Restriction point control of the mammalian cell cycle via the cyclin E/Cdk2:p27 complex. (vu.nl)
Sensitivity and co-control analysis indicated that the strongest control of the RP is mediated via the cyclin E/Cdk2:p27 complex concentration. (vu.nl)
apparent effects of other molecular species were indirect and always worked through cyclin E/Cdk2:p27, indicating a causal relationship between this complex and the positioning of the RP. (vu.nl)
A second set (p27, cyclin B and cdk2) are initially expressed at low levels but ascend to peak levels only to decline again. (elsevier.com)
In phase 1 cyclin E and p21 levels of mRNA expression are high, while those of mRNAs of p27, cdk2 and cyclin B are low. (elsevier.com)
In the study, inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) was found to protect rodents from noise and drug related hearing loss by preventing the death of inner ear cells. (ctnursinghomes.com)

This protein and neuron-specific CDK5 activator CDK5R1/p39NCK5A both share limited similarity to cyclins, and thus may define a distinct family of cyclin-dependent kinase activating proteins. (nih.gov)
Instead, it harbors an F-box motif and primarily functions as the substrate recognition subunit of the Skp1-Cul1-F-box E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, SCF Cyclin F . By targeting specific proteins for ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation, cyclin F plays a critical role in the regulation of centrosomal duplication, DNA replication and repair, and maintenance of genomic stability. (aging-us.com)
Instead, cyclin F is the founding member of the F-box family of proteins, whose 69 members share a conserved F-box domain [ 4 ]. (aging-us.com)
Within this complex, cyclin F functions as the substrate-recognition subunit and targets specific proteins for ubiquitylation, and subsequent degradation [ 5 ]. (aging-us.com)
In phase 2 levels of expression of cyclin E and p21 fall to asymptote while levels of expression of mRNA of the other three proteins reach their peaks. (elsevier.com)
In phase 3 levels of expression of cyclin E and p21 mRNAs remain low and those of the mRNAs of the other three proteins fall. (elsevier.com)
Cyclins are a family of proteins that control how cells proceed through the multi-step cycle of cell division. (medlineplus.gov)

Red: PE-labeled Cyclin D1 Monoclonal Antibody (SPM587). (novusbio.com)

Correlating β-catenin nuclear dynamics to cyclin D1 transcriptional activation showed that the nuclear accumulation rate of change of the signaling factor, and not actual protein levels, correlated with the transcriptional output of the pathway. (elifesciences.org)
A subset of cyclins may also function as transcriptional regulators. (bvsalud.org)

The nuclear export of cyclin D1 has been shown to require prior phosphorylation on Thr-286 by glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This phosphorylation of cyclin D1 was initially thought to regulate its ubiquitin-dependent degradation. (biomedcentral.com)
Nevertheless, it is still generally believed that cyclin D1 accumulates within the nucleus during G1, and at the G1-S-phase transition, GSK3β accumulates in the nucleus and mediates phosphorylation, nuclear export and subsequent ubiquitin-dependent degradation of cyclin D1 in the cytoplasm. (biomedcentral.com)
Vanadate also increased p21 and Chk1 levels and reduced Cdc25C expression, leading to phosphorylation of Cdc2 and a slight increase in cyclin B1 expression as analyzed by Western blot. (cdc.gov)
Catalase, a specific antioxidant for H2O2, decreased vanadate-induced expression of p21 and Chk1, reduced phosphorylation of Cdc2Tyr15, and decreased cyclin B1 levels. (cdc.gov)
Several regulatory pathways are involved: (1) activation of p21, (2) an increase of Chk1 expression and inhibition of Cdc25C, which results in phosphorylation of Cdc2 and possible inactivation of cyclin B1/Cdc2 complex. (cdc.gov)
2005. Phosphorylation of spinophilin by ERK and cyclin-dependent PK 5 (Cdk5). . (cornell.edu)

We provide evidence that the checkpoint-dependent suppression of the Cdc2/cyclin B complex involves a titratable inhibitor that is regulated by the presence of unreplicated DNA. (caltech.edu)

Our data suggest that induction of cyclins D1 and D2 by Tax is involved in IL-2-independent cell-cycle progression as well as IL-2-independent transformation of primary human T cells by HTLV-I. High expression levels of cyclin D1 and D2 mRNAs were also detected in some patients with ATL. (mdc-berlin.de)
Cyclin B2 serves a key role in progression of G2/M transition. (ptglab.com)
Among the cyclins that play a crucial role in cell-cycle progression, is cyclin F. It is most similar to cyclin A, both in terms of amino acid sequence and the cyclic pattern of expression during the cell cycle [ 3 ]. (aging-us.com)
During cell cycle progression, protein levels of the cyclin begin to rise early in G1, prior to its rapid nuclear export and degradation within the cytoplasm. (biomedcentral.com)

nevertheless the level to which these tumor-specific forms trigger genomic instability differs from that of full-length cyclin E (Un) as well as the root mechanism(s) have however to become elucidated. (immune-source.com)

Furthermore, miR‑30a overexpression upregulates BCL2A1, IER3 and cyclin D2 expression by inhibiting FOXL2. (spandidos-publications.com)
Overexpression of cyclin E produced a less pronounced early cell cycle effect indicating only partial resistance to antiestrogen inhibition in the short-term. (garvan.org.au)
These data confirm that cyclin D1 expression and cyclin E-p27 association play important roles in antiestrogen action, and suggest that cyclin D1 or cyclin E overexpression has subtle effects on antiestrogen sensitivity. (garvan.org.au)
MCL is further characterized by the presence of chromosomal translocation t(11;14) and overexpression of cyclin D1. (medscape.com)

We identify the region of cyclin B2 responsible for its localization and show that this will direct cyclin B1 to the Golgi apparatus and confer upon it the more limited properties of cyclin B2. (elsevier.com)
Inhibition of GSK3β or CRM1-dependent nuclear export resulted in only modest nuclear accumulation, suggesting that the cytoplasmic localization of cyclin D1 results from the inhibition of its nuclear import. (biomedcentral.com)
In these cells, the enforced nuclear localization of cyclin D1 induced apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
The subcellular localization of cyclin D1 may thus play a role in regulating cellular survival. (biomedcentral.com)

Assignment of CDK5R2 coding for the cyclin-dependent kinase 5, regulatory subunit 2 (NCK5AI protein) to human chromosome band 2q35 by fluorescent in situ hybridization. (nih.gov)

It is not understood however, how cells integrate the CDK-dependent and independent activities of cyclin D1. (biomedcentral.com)

Drosophila Cks30A interacts with Cdk1 to target Cyclin A for destructi" by Andrew Swan, Gail Barcelo et al. (uwindsor.ca)
In our hands, indirubins substituted at both the 3' and 5-positions exhibit significant selectivity as inhibitors of CRK3 compared with CDK1/cyclin B in vitro. (technologynetworks.com)
The two B-type cyclins localize to different regions within the cell and are thought to have specific roles as CDK1-activating subunits (see Bellanger et al. (reactome.org)

Our aim was to examine the involvement of G1 cell-cycle regulators in cell growth dysregulation induced by HTLV-I. Compared to uninfected cells, higher expression levels of cyclin D1 and D2 mRNA were detected in HTLV-I-infected T-cell lines, which were at least in part mediated by the viral transforming protein Tax since Tax activated both cyclin D1 and D2 promoters in the human T-cell line Jurkat. (mdc-berlin.de)
We have measured the levels of cyclin mRNAs and polypeptides during oogenesis, progesterone-induced oocyte maturation, and immediately after egg activation in the frog, Xenopus laevis. (rupress.org)

Observations and the sequence similarity to the kinase/cyclin pair Srb10/Srb11 in S. cerevisiae suggest that cyclin C and Cdk8 control RNA polymerase II function. (semanticscholar.org)

Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein expression and cyclin DI cell cyase protein expression in malignant and normal oesophageal tissues to see whether any variation in their expression in these tissues could be of diagnostic or prognostic value. (bvsalud.org)
EBV-LMPI protein expression and cyclin DI expression were studied immunohisto chemically in these tissue sections. (bvsalud.org)

Sharma SS , Pledger WJ , Kondaiah P , . The deubiquitylase USP7 is a novel cyclin F-interacting protein and regulates cyclin F protein stability. (aging-us.com)

This study provides a structural basis of the specific ORC1-cyclins recognition, with implication in development of novel inhibitors against the cyclin/CDK complexes. (rcsb.org)

It is shown that cyclin H and Cdk7 are present and during meiosis, form active complexes in testicular cells and are strong candidates for the activating kinase for cyclin A1-associated kinase. (semanticscholar.org)

Pharmacological inhibition of the deubiquitylase activity of USP7 resulted in downregulation of cyclin F mRNA. (aging-us.com)
0.01) downregulation of p53, Ki67, and cyclin D1 expression at 3 months as compared to baseline in the combination group. (kanker-actueel.nl)

Cks30A appears to regulate Cyclin A levels through the activity of a female germline-specific anaphase-promoting complex, CDC20-Cortex. (uwindsor.ca)
Cyclin F functionally interacts with these substrates and interaction partners to chiefly regulate genomic and chromosomal stability. (aging-us.com)
Our results suggest that cytoplasmic sequestration may additionally serve to regulate cyclin D1 activity in mammalian cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Mirk activity is restricted to the G0-/early G1-phase of the cell cycle and may not regulate cyclin D1 in actively cycling cells [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cyclin D2 helps to regulate a step in the cycle called the G1-S transition, in which the cell moves from the G1 phase, when cell growth occurs, to the S phase, when the cell's DNA is copied (replicated) in preparation for cell division. (medlineplus.gov)

Flow Cytometry: Cyclin D1 Antibody (SPM587) [NBP2-32840] - Flow Cytometric analysis of human Cyclin D1 on MCF-7 cells. (novusbio.com)
Flow Cytometry: Cyclin D1 Antibody (SPM587) [NBP2-32840] - Flow Cytometric analysis of human Cyclin D1 on Jurkat cells. (novusbio.com)

P-TEFb-associated cyclin-dependent protein. (wikigenes.org)
The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitory domain of the yeast Sic1 protein is contained within the C-terminal 70 amino acids. (wikigenes.org)
Molecular cloning of CDK7-associated human MAT1, a cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase (CAK) assembly factor. (semanticscholar.org)
CyclinA2-Cyclin-dependent Kinase Regulates SAMHD1 Protein Phosphohydrolase Domain. (stowers.org)
The expression of Hiwi and Cyclin B1 was down-regulated in BA-treated AGS cells in a dose-dependent manner. (chinaphar.com)
The inhibitory effect on cyclin-dependent kinase activity was mediated by the trophozoite form of P. carinii, in that highly purified trophozoites exerted marked inhibition of p34(cdc2) activity. (elsevier.com)
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 is associated with risk for Alzheimer's disease in a Dutch population-based study. (ox.ac.uk)
We have demonstrated previously, that TSA induces the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of cyclin D1 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
A new drug that that inhibits an enzyme known as cyclin-dependent kinase 2 could potentially save the hearing of millions of people. (ctnursinghomes.com)
Ashok B. Kulkarni, Ph.D., has spent years studying a protein called cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5). (medlineplus.gov)

Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using Cyclin D2 (D52F9) Rabbit mAb. (cellsignal.com)
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Cyclin D1 Antibody (SPM587) [NBP2-32840] - Formalin-paraffin human Mantle Cell Lymphoma stained with Cyclin D1 Ab (Clone SPM587). (novusbio.com)
Western Blot: Cyclin D1 Antibody (SPM587) [NBP2-32840] - analysis of Cyclin D1 in human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 cell lysate using anti-Cyclin D1. (novusbio.com)
Cyclin D1, one of the key cell cycle regulators, is a putative proto-oncogene overexpressed in a wide variety of human neoplasms. (novusbio.com)
This antibody is useful in identifying mantle cell lymphomas (cyclin D1 positive) from CLL/SLL and follicular lymphomas (cyclin D1 negative). (novusbio.com)
Occasionally, hairy cell leukemia and plasma cell myeloma weakly express Cyclin D1. (novusbio.com)
CCND2 is a member of the highly conserved cyclin family, whose members are characterized by a dramatic periodicity in protein abundance through the cell cycle. (neuromics.com)
The aberrant expression of Cyclin B2 deregulates spindle checkpoints in the cell cycle and results in chromosomal instability (CIN), one of the signature phenotypes of most cancers. (ptglab.com)
This role in cell cycle control is mediated by meis1 regulating cyclin D1 and c-myc transcription. (biologists.com)
BA exerted potent effect on growth inhibition, G 2 /M cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis in AGS cells in vitro , possibly associated with the down-regulation of Hiwi and its downstream target Cyclin B1 expression. (chinaphar.com)
Cyclin F abundance and activity are tightly regulated throughout the cell cycle. (aging-us.com)
Further studies revealed that the compounds were able to induce cancer cell differentiation and concomitantly downregulate cyclin D1 expression with upregulation of p27 levels, consistent with cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. (strath.ac.uk)
The cyclin D1 proto-oncogene is an important regulator of G1 to S-phase transition and an important cofactor for several transcription factors in numerous cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
Our studies revealed cyclin D1 to be localized predominantly within the cytoplasmic fraction of all cell lines tested. (biomedcentral.com)
We have shown by several different experimental approaches, that cyclin D1 is in fact a predominantly cytoplasmic protein in mammalian cancer cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
Cyclin D1 is a protein playing important role during the G1→S phase transition in the cell cycle. (who.int)
Cyclin D2's role in the cell division cycle makes it a key controller of the rate of cell growth and division (proliferation) in the body. (medlineplus.gov)
The resulting buildup of cyclin D2 in cells triggers them to continue dividing when they otherwise would not have, leading to abnormal cell proliferation. (medlineplus.gov)
It is less clear how a buildup of cyclin D2 contributes to polydactyly, although the extra digits are probably related to abnormal cell proliferation in the developing hands and feet. (medlineplus.gov)

Cks30A mutants are compromised for Cyclin A destruction, resulting in an arrest or delay at the metaphase/anaphase transition, both in female meiosis and in the early syncytial embryo. (uwindsor.ca)
The character of these phases can be understood in part as consequences of the reciprocal regulatory influence of p27 and cyclin E and of the rate limiting functions of p27 at the restriction point and of cyclin E at the G1 to S transition. (elsevier.com)

abstract = "Background Mutation in S-phase cyclin A-associated protein rin the endoplasmic reticulum (SCAPER) have been found across ethnicities and have been shown to cause variable penetrance of an array of pathological traits, including intellectual disability, retinitis pigmentosa and ciliopathies. (bgu.ac.il)

Additionally, our data suggest that USP7 is also involved in the regulation of cyclin F mRNA. (aging-us.com)
Additional studies were initiated in order to further investigate the effect of TSA on cyclin D1 regulation using sub-cellular fractionation techniques. (biomedcentral.com)

However, the molecular basis underlying the specific recognition between ORC1 and cyclins remains elusive. (rcsb.org)
However, the molecular mechanisms regulating cyclin F are scantily understood. (aging-us.com)

Western Blot: Cyclin D1 Antibody (SPM587) [NBP2-32840] - HELLS expression and protein levels are modulated with YAP1/TEAD inhibition downstream of SHH signaling. (novusbio.com)

More recently, the serine/threonine kinase Mirk/Dyrk1B was shown to enhance cyclin D1 degradation by phosphorylating Thr288. (biomedcentral.com)

Moreover, serum circulating Cyclin B2 mRNA expression has been found increased in cancer patients and associated with cancer stage and metastasis status. (ptglab.com)

Using its F-box, cyclin F interacts with Skp1, which simultaneously recruits Cul1 (and RBX1 with Cul1): together they assemble into a functional SCF Cyclin F (Skp1-Cul1-F box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex [ 4 , 5 ]. (aging-us.com)
We evaluated and compared the expression of Cyclin D1 in 56 endometrial samples including 24 cases of simple hyperplasia, 12 cases of complex hyperplasia and 10 cases each of secretory and proliferative endometrium.Results: A substantial increase in expression of Cyclin D1 was seen in hyperplastic endometrium compared to normal endometrium. (who.int)
Moreover, complex hyperplasia showed the maximum positivity for Cyclin D1.Conclusions: Cyclin D1 may play a stimulatory role in the proliferation of endometrial glands and hence may be involved in endometrial tumorigenesis. (who.int)

An IHC profile consisting of CD5+, CD10 -/+, CD 23-/+, CD43+ and cyclin D1+ is indicative of a diagnosis of MCL. (medscape.com)

The disease is confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining for CD20, CD5, and cyclin D1. (medscape.com)

De novo CCND2 mutations leading to stabilization of cyclin D2 cause megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-polydactyly-hydrocephalus syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)

q32) translocation resulting in over-expression of cyclin D1. (novusbio.com)

The structure revealed that the ORC1 peptide interacts with a hydrophobic groove, termed cyclin binding groove (CBG), of Cyclin A via a KXL motif. (rcsb.org)

Histopathological examination indicated the presence of a moderate epithelial dysplasia while immunohistochemistry for Ki-67 and cyclin D1 revealed the presence of cellular proliferation in suprabasal layers. (bvsalud.org)
Immunomarking with Ki-67 and cyclin D1 revealed expressive presence of cellular proliferation in suprabasal layers ( Figure 3 ). (bvsalud.org)

Equally, directing cyclin B2 to the cytoplasm with the NH 2 terminus of cyclin B1 confers the broader properties of cyclin B1. (elsevier.com)

One set of mRNAs (cyclin E and p21) are initially expressed at high levels but expression then falls to a low asymptote. (elsevier.com)

Instead, cells appeared to sense how quickly the amount of β-catenin in the nucleus changes over time, and this rate influences the activation of cyclin D1 . (elifesciences.org)
7 days) treatment, antiestrogens inhibited colony growth in cyclin D1- or cyclin E-overexpressing breast cancer cells, but with an approximately 2-2.5-fold decrease in dose sensitivity. (garvan.org.au)
Recent studies have shown that the cytoplasmic sequestration of cyclin D1 prevents apoptosis in neuronal cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Tsunekawa Y, Kikkawa T, Osumi N. Asymmetric inheritance of Cyclin D2 maintains proliferative neural stem/progenitor cells: a critical event in brain development and evolution. (medlineplus.gov)

The cyclin C/Cdk8 kinase. (semanticscholar.org)

Distinct from other identified CBG-binding sequences, an arginine residue flanking the KXL motif of ORC1 inserts into a neighboring acidic pocket, contributing to the strong ORC1-Cyclin A association. (rcsb.org)

No . relation was observed between cyclin/PCNA and axillary lymphonodal envolvement, histologic and nuclear grades and estrogen receptor. (ndltd.org)
Bad prognosis was observed in cases with cyclin/PCNA grade III-IV, nuclear grade 1 and negative estrogen receptor in both negative and positive axilla cases. (ndltd.org)

This antibody neutralizes the activity of cyclin D1 in vivo. (novusbio.com)
saw that the absolute number of β-catenin molecules in the nucleus did not affect the activity of cyclin D1 . (elifesciences.org)
We observe that USP7 stabilizes cyclin F protein and that this function is independent of the deubiquitylase activity of USP7. (aging-us.com)
Studies on neonatal cardiomyocytes and postmitotic neurons indicate that the activity of cyclin D1 may be regulated through its cytoplasmic sequestration. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy1

Organisms1

Chemicals and Drugs29

Phenomena and Processes5

Information Science1

Cyclin C/CDK8 and cyclin H/CDK7/p36 are biochemically distinct CTD kinases. (1/60)

Transforming growth factor beta targeted inactivation of cyclin E:cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2) complexes by inhibition of Cdk2 activating kinase activity. (2/60)

Activation of a Plasmodium falciparum cdc2-related kinase by heterologous p25 and cyclin H. Functional characterization of a P. falciparum cyclin homologue. (3/60)

From androgen receptor to the general transcription factor TFIIH. Identification of cdk activating kinase (CAK) as an androgen receptor NH(2)-terminal associated coactivator. (4/60)

Distinct regions of MAT1 regulate cdk7 kinase and TFIIH transcription activities. (5/60)

CDK9 autophosphorylation regulates high-affinity binding of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat-P-TEFb complex to TAR RNA. (6/60)

Interactions of Cdk7 and Kin28 with Hint/PKCI-1 and Hnt1 histidine triad proteins. (7/60)

Regulation of CDK7-carboxyl-terminal domain kinase activity by the tumor suppressor p16(INK4A) contributes to cell cycle regulation. (8/60)

Cyclin H

Cyclin D1

Cyclin A

Cyclin-Dependent Kinases

Cyclin E

Cyclins

Cyclin B

Cyclin B1

Cyclin D2

Cyclin D3

Cyclin A1

Cyclin A2

Cyclin D

Transcription Factor TFIIH

Blastula

Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2

CDC2-CDC28 Kinases

Cyclin G1

Cyclin G

Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases

Cell Cycle

Cyclin C

Transcription Factors, TFII

Cyclin B2

Cyclin T

Phosphorylation

Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral

Cyclin G2

Holoenzymes

Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4

Molecular Sequence Data

Mitosis

Anaphase

Metaphase

Drosophila

Cell Cycle Proteins

Drosophila Proteins

Cyclin C/CDK8 and cyclin H/CDK7/p36 are biochemically distinct CTD kinases. (1/60)

Transforming growth factor beta targeted inactivation of cyclin E:cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2) complexes by inhibition of Cdk2 activating kinase activity. (2/60)

Activation of a Plasmodium falciparum cdc2-related kinase by heterologous p25 and cyclin H. Functional characterization of a P. falciparum cyclin homologue. (3/60)

From androgen receptor to the general transcription factor TFIIH. Identification of cdk activating kinase (CAK) as an androgen receptor NH(2)-terminal associated coactivator. (4/60)

Distinct regions of MAT1 regulate cdk7 kinase and TFIIH transcription activities. (5/60)

CDK9 autophosphorylation regulates high-affinity binding of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat-P-TEFb complex to TAR RNA. (6/60)

Interactions of Cdk7 and Kin28 with Hint/PKCI-1 and Hnt1 histidine triad proteins. (7/60)

Regulation of CDK7-carboxyl-terminal domain kinase activity by the tumor suppressor p16(INK4A) contributes to cell cycle regulation. (8/60)

Recombinant Human Cyclin H protein (ab39435) | Abcam

Browse our Cyclin H ELISA Kits

A coordinated phosphorylation cascade initiated by p38MAPK/MSK1 directs RARα to target promoters | The EMBO Journal

KIN28 encodes a C-terminal domain kinase that controls mRNA transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae but lacks cyclin...

anti-Cyclin H antibody | GeneTex

CDK7/CCNH/MNAT1 (Human) Recombinant Protein - (P4662) - Products - Abnova

MNAT1 - PCR Primer Pair - SYBR | PrimePCR | Bio-Rad

Mms19 | Development

Auramine Phenol 10 x conc. - TCS Biosciences

Molecular cloning of the human CAK1 gene encoding a cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase

The Cdk-activating kinase (CAK) from budding yeast

Results for cd07841

How moderate changes in Akt T-loop phosphorylation impact on tumorigenesis and insulin resistance | Disease Models & Mechanisms

Substrate specificity of the cdk‐activating kinase (CAK) is altered upon association with TFIIH | The EMBO Journal

EPZ005687

Robust reconstitution of active cell-cycle control complexes from co-expressed proteins in bacteria | Plant Methods | Full Text

Robust reconstitution of active cell-cycle control complexes from co-expressed proteins in bacteria | Plant Methods | Full Text

KEGG ORTHOLOGY: K06634

Reciprocal activation by cyclin-dependent kinases 2 and 7 is directed by substrate specificity determinants outside the T loop<...

SUB1 - ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرة

MYC and CCNH Interaction - Wiki-Pi

PS 7 older key - Bio 115 Winter 2005 Problem set#7 1 What is a T-loop What function is it thought to perform March 4 2005 The...

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Structural characterization of form I of anhydrous rifampicin « New Drug Approvals

web domains Money Experiment | Owned by gilberzx

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TP53 - Cellular tumor antigen p53 - Felis catus (Cat) - TP53 gene & protein

The Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemias | Williams Manual of Hematology, 8e | AccessHemOnc | McGraw-Hill Medical

american 230/600CAK SPHERICAL ROLLER BEARING - 230/600CAK bearing

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