Cyanophora
Eukaryota
One of the three domains of life (the others being BACTERIA and ARCHAEA), also called Eukarya. These are organisms whose cells are enclosed in membranes and possess a nucleus. They comprise almost all multicellular and many unicellular organisms, and are traditionally divided into groups (sometimes called kingdoms) including ANIMALS; PLANTS; FUNGI; and various algae and other taxa that were previously part of the old kingdom Protista.
Organelles
Cyanobacteria
A phylum of oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria comprised of unicellular to multicellular bacteria possessing CHLOROPHYLL a and carrying out oxygenic PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Cyanobacteria are the only known organisms capable of fixing both CARBON DIOXIDE (in the presence of light) and NITROGEN. Cell morphology can include nitrogen-fixing heterocysts and/or resting cells called akinetes. Formerly called blue-green algae, cyanobacteria were traditionally treated as ALGAE.
Conservative sorting in a primitive plastid. The cyanelle of Cyanophora paradoxa. (1/19)
Higher plant chloroplasts possess at least four different pathways for protein translocation across and protein integration into the thylakoid membranes. It is of interest with respect to plastid evolution, which pathways have been retained as a relic from the cyanobacterial ancestor ('conservative sorting'), which ones have been kept but modified, and which ones were developed at the organelle stage, i.e. are eukaryotic achievements as (largely) the Toc and Tic translocons for envelope import of cytosolic precursor proteins. In the absence of data on cyanobacterial protein translocation, the cyanelles of the glaucocystophyte alga Cyanophora paradoxa for which in vitro systems for protein import and intraorganellar sorting were elaborated can serve as a model: the cyanelles are surrounded by a peptidoglycan wall, their thylakoids are covered with phycobilisomes and the composition of their oxygen-evolving complex is another feature shared with cyanobacteria. We demonstrate the operation of the Sec and Tat pathways in cyanelles and show for the first time in vitro protein import across cyanobacteria-like thylakoid membranes and protease protection of the mature protein. (+info)Monophyly of primary photosynthetic eukaryotes: green plants, red algae, and glaucophytes. (2/19)
Between 1 and 1.5 billion years ago, eukaryotic organisms acquired the ability to convert light into chemical energy through endosymbiosis with a Cyanobacterium (e.g.,). This event gave rise to "primary" plastids, which are present in green plants, red algae, and glaucophytes ("Plantae" sensu Cavalier-Smith). The widely accepted view that primary plastids arose only once implies two predictions: (1) all plastids form a monophyletic group, as do (2) primary photosynthetic eukaryotes. Nonetheless, unequivocal support for both predictions is lacking (e.g.,). In this report, we present two phylogenomic analyses, with 50 genes from 16 plastid and 15 cyanobacterial genomes and with 143 nuclear genes from 34 eukaryotic species, respectively. The nuclear dataset includes new sequences from glaucophytes, the less-studied group of primary photosynthetic eukaryotes. We find significant support for both predictions. Taken together, our analyses provide the first strong support for a single endosymbiotic event that gave rise to primary photosynthetic eukaryotes, the Plantae. Because our dataset does not cover the entire eukaryotic diversity (but only four of six major groups in), further testing of the monophyly of Plantae should include representatives from eukaryotic lineages for which currently insufficient sequence information is available. (+info)Distribution of the extrinsic proteins as a potential marker for the evolution of photosynthetic oxygen-evolving photosystem II. (3/19)
Distribution of photosystem II (PSII) extrinsic proteins was examined using antibodies raised against various extrinsic proteins from different sources. The results showed that a glaucophyte (Cyanophora paradoxa) having the most primitive plastids contained the cyanobacterial-type extrinsic proteins (PsbO, PsbV, PsbU), and the primitive red algae (Cyanidium caldarium) contained the red algal-type extrinsic proteins (PsO, PsbQ', PsbV, PsbU), whereas a prasinophyte (Pyraminonas parkeae), which is one of the most primitive green algae, contained the green algal-type ones (PsbO, PsbP, PsbQ). These suggest that the extrinsic proteins had been diverged into cyanobacterial-, red algal- and green algal-types during early phases of evolution after a primary endosymbiosis. This study also showed that a haptophyte, diatoms and brown algae, which resulted from red algal secondary endosymbiosis, contained the red algal-type, whereas Euglena gracilis resulted from green algal secondary endosymbiosis contained the green algal-type extrinsic proteins, suggesting that the red algal- and green algal-type extrinsic proteins have been retained unchanged in the different lines of organisms following the secondary endosymbiosis. Based on these immunological analyses, together with the current genome data, the evolution of photosynthetic oxygen-evolving PSII was discussed from a view of distribution of the extrinsic proteins, and a new model for the evolution of the PSII extrinsic proteins was proposed. (+info)The GapA/B gene duplication marks the origin of Streptophyta (charophytes and land plants). (4/19)
Independent evidence from morphological, ultrastructural, biochemical, and molecular data have shown that land plants originated from charophycean green algae. However, the branching order within charophytes is still unresolved, and contradictory phylogenies about, for example,the position of the unicellular green alga Mesostigma viride are difficult to reconcile. A comparison of nuclear-encoded Calvin cycle glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases (GAPDH) indicates that a crucial duplication of the GapA gene occurred early in land plant evolution. The duplicate called GapB acquired a characteristic carboxy-terminal extension (CTE) from the general regulator of the Calvin cycle CP12. This CTE is responsible for thioredoxin-dependent light/dark regulation. In this work, we established GapA, GapB, and CP12 sequences from bryophytes, all orders of charophyte as well as chlorophyte green algae, and the glaucophyte Cyanophora paradoxa. Comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of all available plastid GAPDH sequences suggest that glaucophytes and green plants are sister lineages and support a positioning of Mesostigma basal to all charophycean algae. The exclusive presence of GapB in terrestrial plants, charophytes, and Mesostigma dates the GapA/B gene duplication to the common ancestor of Streptophyta. The conspicuously high degree of GapB sequence conservation suggests an important metabolic role of the newly gained regulatory function. Because the GapB-mediated protein aggregation most likely ensures the complete blockage of the Calvin cycle at night, we propose that this mechanism is also crucial for efficient starch mobilization. This innovation may be one prerequisite for the development of storage tissues in land plants. (+info)Cyanobacterial contribution to algal nuclear genomes is primarily limited to plastid functions. (5/19)
A single cyanobacterial primary endosymbiosis that occurred approximately 1.5 billion years ago is believed to have given rise to the plastid in the common ancestor of the Plantae or Archaeplastida--the eukaryotic supergroup comprising red, green (including land plants), and glaucophyte algae. Critical to plastid establishment was the transfer of endosymbiont genes to the host nucleus (i.e., endosymbiotic gene transfer [EGT]). It has been postulated that plastid-derived EGT played a significant role in plant nuclear-genome evolution, with 18% (or 4,500) of all nuclear genes in Arabidopsis thaliana having a cyanobacterial origin with about one-half of these recruited for nonplastid functions. Here, we determine whether the level of cyanobacterial gene recruitment proposed for Arabidopsis is of the same magnitude in the algal sisters of plants by analyzing expressed-sequence tag (EST) data from the glaucophyte alga Cyanophora paradoxa. Bioinformatic analysis of 3,576 Cyanophora nuclear genes shows that 10.8% of these with significant database hits are of cyanobacterial origin and one-ninth of these have nonplastid functions. Our data indicate that unlike plants, early-diverging algal groups appear to retain a smaller number of endosymbiont genes in their nucleus, with only a minor proportion of these recruited for nonplastid functions. (+info)Algal genomics: exploring the imprint of endosymbiosis. (6/19)
The nuclear genomes of photosynthetic eukaryotes are littered with genes derived from the cyanobacterial progenitor of modern-day plastids. A genomic analysis of Cyanophora paradoxa - a deeply diverged unicellular alga - suggests that the abundance and functional diversity of nucleus-encoded genes of cyanobacterial origin differs in plants and algae. (+info)Evolution of the glucose-6-phosphate isomerase: the plasticity of primary metabolism in photosynthetic eukaryotes. (7/19)
Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) has an essential function in both catabolic glycolysis and anabolic gluconeogenesis and is universally distributed among Eukaryotes, Bacteria, and some Archaea. In addition to the cytosolic GPI, land plant chloroplasts harbor a nuclear encoded isoenzyme of cyanobacterial origin that is indispensable for the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) and plastid starch accumulation. We established 12 new GPI sequences from rhodophytes, the glaucophyte Cyanophora paradoxa, a ciliate, and all orders of complex algae with red plastids (haptophytes, diatoms, cryptophytes, and dinoflagellates). Our comprehensive phylogenies do not support previous GPI-based speculations about a eukaryote-to-prokaryote horizontal gene transfer from metazoa to gamma-proteobacteria. The evolution of cytosolic GPI is largely in agreement with small subunit analyses, which indicates that it is a specific marker of the host cell. A distinct subtree comprising alveolates (ciliates, apicomplexa, Perkinsus, and dinoflagellates), stramenopiles (diatoms and Phytophthora [oomycete]), and Plantae (green plants, rhodophytes, and Cyanophora) might suggest a common origin of these superensembles. Finally, in contrast to land plants where the plastid GPI is of cyanobacterial origin, chlorophytes and rhodophytes independently recruited a duplicate of the cytosolic GPI that subsequently acquired a transit peptide for plastid import. A secondary loss of the cytosolic isoenzyme and the plastid localization of the single GPI in chlorophycean green algae is compatible with physiological studies. Our findings reveal the fundamental importance of the plastid OPPP for Plantae and document the plasticity of primary metabolism. (+info)Phylogeny of nuclear-encoded plastid-targeted proteins supports an early divergence of glaucophytes within Plantae. (8/19)
The phylogenetic position of the glaucophyte algae within the eukaryotic supergroup Plantae remains to be unambiguously established. Here, we assembled a multigene data set of conserved nuclear-encoded plastid-targeted proteins of cyanobacterial origin (i.e., through primary endosymbiotic gene transfer) from glaucophyte, red, and green (including land plants) algae to infer the branching order within this supergroup. We find strong support for the early divergence of glaucophytes within the Plantae, corroborating 2 important putatively ancestral characters shared by glaucophyte plastids and the cyanobacterial endosymbiont that gave rise to this organelle: the presence of a peptidoglycan deposition between the 2 organelle membranes and carboxysomes. Both these traits were apparently lost in the common ancestor of red and green algae after the divergence of glaucophytes. (+info)
Cyanophora paradoxa
... is a freshwater species of Glaucophyte that is used as a model organism. C. paradoxa has two cyanelles or ... Guiry, Michael D. (2015). Cyanophora paradoxa Korshikov, 1924. In: Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2015). AlgaeBase. World-wide ... "Cyanophora paradoxa Genome Elucidates Origin of Photosynthesis in Algae and Plants". Science. 335 (6070): 843-847. doi:10.1126/ ... World Register of Marine Species at Cyanophora paradoxa on 2016-06-15 Lee, Robert Edward (2008). Phycology (4th ed.). Cambridge ...
List of sequenced algae genomes
"Cyanophora Genome v2 Project". cyanophora.rutgers.edu/cyanophora_v2018. Retrieved 2019-08-01. "Info - Asterochloris sp. Cgr/ ... "Cyanophora Genome Project". cyanophora.rutgers.edu. Retrieved 2018-07-12. Price DC, Goodenough UW, Roth R, Lee JH, Kariyawasam ... February 2012). "Cyanophora paradoxa genome elucidates origin of photosynthesis in algae and plants". Science. 335 (6070): 843- ... August 2019). "Analysis of an improved Cyanophora paradoxa genome assembly". DNA Research. 26 (4): 289-299. doi:10.1093/dnares/ ...
Glaucophyte
The most basal-branching genus is Cyanophora, which only has one or two plastids. When there are two, they are semi-connected. ... Order Cyanophorales Genus Cyanophora - 5-6 species Order Glaucocystales Genus Glaucocystis - 7-8 species Order Gloeochaetales ... doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32669-6_42-1. ISBN 978-3-319-32669-6. Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Cyanophora". AlgaeBase. World-wide ... placing Cyanophora in Glaucocystales rather than Cyanophorales (however the entry was dated 2011). AlgaeBase included a total ...
List of Lejeunea species
Lejeunea cyanophora R.M.Schust. Lejeunea cyathearum E.W.Jones Lejeunea cyathophora Mitt. Lejeunea cyrtotis Spruce Lejeunea ...
Hoek, Mann and Jahns system
Cyanophora, Glaucocystis) Class Bangiophyceae Order Porphyridiales (e.g., Porphyridium, Chroodactylon) Order Rhodochaetales (e. ...
List of sequenced plastomes
Löffelhardt W, Bohnert HJ, Bryant DA (1997). "The complete sequence of the Cyanophora paradoxa cyanelle genome ( ...
Cyanobacteria
"Cyanophora paradoxa genome elucidates origin of photosynthesis in algae and plants". Science. 335 (6070): 843-47. Bibcode: ...
Hermann Mucke (bioscientist)
The Central Part of the Cyanelle rDNA Unit of Cyanophora paradoxa: Sequence Comparison with Chloroplasts and Cyanobacteria. ... Partial Characterization of the Genome of the "Endosymbiotic" Cyanelles from Cyanophora paradoxa. FEBS Lett. 111(2), 347-352 ( ... earliest plant molecular biology phase of Mucke's work concerned the characterization and partial sequencing of the Cyanophora ...
Biological carbon fixation
February 2012). "Cyanophora paradoxa genome elucidates origin of photosynthesis in algae and plants" (PDF). Science. 335 (6070 ...
Thiol sulfotransferase
Schmidt A, Christen U (1979). "A PAPS-dependent sulfotransferase in Cyanophora paradoxa inhibited by 5'-AMP, 5'-ADP and APS". Z ...
Robert K. Trench
... cyanophora paradoza) and photosynthetic bacteria (cyanocyta korshikoffiana). From this, he determined that the flagellates rely ...
Taxonomy browser (Cyanophora)
Cyanophora | Profiles RNS
"Cyanophora" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Cyanophora" by people in UAMS Profiles by year, and whether " ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Cyanophora" by people in Profiles over the past ten years. ...
What's New for 2011 MeSH. NLM Technical Bulletin. 2010 Nov-Dec
Biomarkers Search
Kinesin Proteins listed by Organism - extended table - Kinesin
Botany & Plant Biology 2007 - Abstract Search
MeSH Browser
Cyanophora paradoxa Narrower Concept UI. M0445016. Registry Number. txid2762. Terms. Cyanophora paradoxa Preferred Term Term UI ... Cyanophora Preferred Term Term UI T001371. Date07/15/1996. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (1998). ... Cyanophora Preferred Concept UI. M0000695. Registry Number. txid2761. Related Numbers. txid2762. Scope Note. A genus of ... Cyanophora paradoxa Registry Number. txid2761. Related Numbers. txid2762. Previous Indexing. Algae (1989-2003). Cyanobacteria ( ...
DeCS
Cyanophora - Preferred Concept UI. M0000695. Scope note. A genus of primitive plants in the family Cyanophoraceae, class ... Cyanophora. Scope note:. Género de ALGAS primitivas de la familia Cyanophoraceae, clase Glaucocystophyceae. Contienen ... Cyanophora Entry term(s):. Cyanophora paradoxa. Cyanophora paradoxas. Cyanophoras. paradoxas, Cyanophora. Tree number(s):. ... Cyanophora paradoxa - Narrower Concept UI. M0445016. Preferred term. Cyanophora paradoxa Entry term(s). Cyanophora paradoxas ...
MeSH Browser
Cyanophora paradoxa Narrower Concept UI. M0445016. Registry Number. txid2762. Terms. Cyanophora paradoxa Preferred Term Term UI ... Cyanophora Preferred Term Term UI T001371. Date07/15/1996. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (1998). ... Cyanophora Preferred Concept UI. M0000695. Registry Number. txid2761. Related Numbers. txid2762. Scope Note. A genus of ... Cyanophora paradoxa Registry Number. txid2761. Related Numbers. txid2762. Previous Indexing. Algae (1989-2003). Cyanobacteria ( ...
Identification and characterization of a symbiotic alga from soil bryophyte for lipid profiles | Biology Open | The Company of...
US8993303B2 - Genetically engineered cyanobacteria - Google Patents
A nuclear-encoded protein of prokaryotic origin is essential for the stability of photosystem II in Arabidopsis thaliana -...
Pesquisa | Portal Regional da BVS
Cianobactérias , Cyanophora , Clorofila , Cianobactérias/metabolismo , Cyanophora/metabolismo , Transferência de Energia , ... In this study, we examined the long-term light adaptation of light-harvesting functions in a glaucophyte, Cyanophora paradoxa, ... Long-term light adaptation of light-harvesting and energy-transfer processes in the glaucophyte Cyanophora paradoxa under ... These structural and spectroscopic features reveal characteristic interactions and excitation-energy transfer in the Cyanophora ...
Cluster 149 details
Cluster 219 details
GO:0046116: queuosine metabolic process details
DeCS 2004 - Novos termos
Taxonomy browser (Eukaryota)
NEW (2004) MESH HEADINGS WITH SCOPE NOTES (UNIT RECORD FORMAT; 10/2/2003
Production scientifique de l'équipe BCBS - LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs) - UMR 7266
Adaptive evolution of chloroplast genome structure inferred using a parametric bootstrap approach | BMC Ecology and Evolution |...
The phylogeny includes major green plant and algal lineages and the outgroup Cyanophora. The bootstrap support values from ... Loffelhardt W, Bohnert HJ, Bryant DA: The cyanelles of Cyanophora paradoxa. Crit Rev Plant Sci. 1997, 16: 393-413. ... and the plastid of Cyanophora paradoxa [GenBank:NC_001675] [23] (Figure 1) (Additional file 1, Additional file 3). ...
ചുവന്ന ആൽഗ - വിക്കിപീഡിയ
CX286801 | Citrus Genome Database
Mobile DNA and evolution in the 21st century | Mobile DNA | Full Text
ಪಾಚಿ - ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ
ಪಾಚಿಯ ಜೀವನವು ಹ್ಯಾಪ್ಲಾಯ್ಡ್ ಬೀಜಕದಿಂದ ಆರಂಭವಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಬೀಜಕವು ಎಳೆಯಂಥ ತಂತು ಅಥವಾ ಥ್ಯಾಲಸ್ಗಳಿರುವ (ಚಪ್ಪಟೆ ಮತ್ತು ಥ್ಯಾಲಸ್ನಂಥ) ರಟನೆಯಾದ ಪ್ರೋಟೊನೆಮ (ಬಹುವಚನ ಪ್ರೋಟೊನೆಮಟ)ವನ್ನು ಉತ್ಪತ್ತಿ ಮಾಡಲು ಚಿಗುರೊಡೆಯುತ್ತದೆ. ಪಾಚಿ ಪ್ರೋಟೊನೆಮಟವು ವೈಶಿಷ್ಟ್ಯವಾಗಿ ತೆಳು ಹಸಿರು ಫೆಲ್ಟಿನಂತೆ ಕಾಣಿಸುತ್ತದೆ. ಇದು ತೇವ ಮಣ್ಣು, ಮರದ ತೊಗಟೆ, ಕಲ್ಲು, ಕಾಂಕ್ರೀಟ್ ಅಥವಾ ಇತರ ಯಾವುದೇ ಹೆಚ್ಚುಕಡಿಮೆ ಸ್ಥಿರ ಮೇಲ್ಮೈನಲ್ಲಿ ಬೆಳೆಯುತ್ತದೆ. ಇದು ಪಾಚಿಯ ...
Viva Origino No. 31 Vol. 4, 2003 December
DeCS 2004 - Novos termos
Paradoxa3
- 12. RNase P of the Cyanophora paradoxa cyanelle: a plastid ribozyme. (nih.gov)
- HCF136 homologues are found in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis species PCC6803 (slr2034) and the cyanelle genome of Cyanophora paradoxa (ORF333), but are lacking in the plastomes of chlorophytes and metaphytes as well as from those of rhodo- and chromophytes. (nih.gov)
- In this study, we examined the long-term light adaptation of light-harvesting functions in a glaucophyte, Cyanophora paradoxa, grown under different light conditions. (bvsalud.org)
Descriptor1
- Cyanophora" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uams.edu)