An abnormal passage or communication leading from an internal organ to the surface of the body.
Abnormal communication most commonly seen between two internal organs, or between an internal organ and the surface of the body.
Abnormal passage communicating with the STOMACH.
An abnormal direct communication between an artery and a vein without passing through the CAPILLARIES. An A-V fistula usually leads to the formation of a dilated sac-like connection, arteriovenous aneurysm. The locations and size of the shunts determine the degree of effects on the cardiovascular functions such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEART RATE.
An abnormal anatomical passage between the INTESTINE, and another segment of the intestine or other organs. External intestinal fistula is connected to the SKIN (enterocutaneous fistula). Internal intestinal fistula can be connected to a number of organs, such as STOMACH (gastrocolic fistula), the BILIARY TRACT (cholecystoduodenal fistula), or the URINARY BLADDER of the URINARY TRACT (colovesical fistula). Risk factors include inflammatory processes, cancer, radiation treatment, and surgical misadventures (MEDICAL ERRORS).
An abnormal passage or communication between a bronchus and another part of the body.
An abnormal passage between two or more BLOOD VESSELS, between ARTERIES; VEINS; or between an artery and a vein.
An abnormal anatomical passage connecting the RECTUM to the outside, with an orifice at the site of drainage.
An abnormal passage in any part of the URINARY TRACT between itself or with other organs.
Abnormal passage communicating with the ESOPHAGUS. The most common type is TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA between the esophagus and the TRACHEA.
Abnormal passage in any organ of the biliary tract or between biliary organs and other organs.
Abnormal passage communicating with the PANCREAS.
An abnormal anatomical passage between the RECTUM and the VAGINA.
An abnormal passage communicating between any components of the digestive system, or between any part of the digestive system and surrounding organ(s).
A protrusion of abdominal structures through the retaining ABDOMINAL WALL. It involves two parts: an opening in the abdominal wall, and a hernia sac consisting of PERITONEUM and abdominal contents. Abdominal hernias include groin hernia (HERNIA, FEMORAL; HERNIA, INGUINAL) and VENTRAL HERNIA.
Surgical creation of an external opening into the ILEUM for fecal diversion or drainage. This replacement for the RECTUM is usually created in patients with severe INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES. Loop (continent) or tube (incontinent) procedures are most often employed.

Cardiocutaneous fistula. (1/133)

Infection of the Teflon pledgets on the heart suture line after left ventricular aneurysm repair, presenting late with a fistulous tract connecting the heart with the skin (cardiocutaneous fistula) is an uncommon but potentially serious condition. The case is reported of a 73 year old man who developed a cardiocutaneous fistula extending through the left hemidiaphragm and draining at the abdominal wall, which developed six years after left ventricular aneurysmectomy. Following radiographic evaluation, which established the diagnosis, the Teflon pledgets and fistulous tract were successfully surgically removed. Prompt diagnosis depends on a high index of suspicion. Eradication of infection requires excision of infected material, which must be planned on an individual basis.  (+info)

Infliximab for the treatment of fistulas in patients with Crohn's disease. (2/133)

BACKGROUND: Enterocutaneous fistulas are a serious complication of Crohn's disease and are difficult to treat. Infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor alpha, has recently been developed as a treatment for Crohn's disease. We conducted a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of infliximab for the treatment of fistulas in patients with Crohn's disease. METHODS: The study included 94 adult patients who had draining abdominal or perianal fistulas of at least three months' duration as a complication of Crohn's disease. Patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three treatments: placebo (31 patients), 5 mg of infliximab per kilogram of body weight (31 patients), or 10 mg of infliximab per kilogram (32 patients); all three were to be administered intravenously at weeks 0, 2, and 6. The primary end point was a reduction of 50 percent or more from base line in the number of draining fistulas observed at two or more consecutive study visits. A secondary end point was the closure of all fistulas. RESULTS: Sixty-eight percent of the patients who received 5 mg of infliximab per kilogram and 56 percent of those who received 10 mg per kilogram achieved the primary end point, as compared with 26 percent of the patients in the placebo group (P=0.002 and P=0.02, respectively). In addition, 55 percent of the patients assigned to receive 5 mg of infliximab per kilogram and 38 percent of those assigned to 10 mg per kilogram had closure of all fistulas, as compared with 13 percent of the patients assigned to placebo (P=0.001 and P=0.04, respectively). The median length of time during which the fistulas remained closed was three months. More than 60 percent of patients in all the groups had adverse events. For patients treated with infliximab, the most common were headache, abscess, upper respiratory tract infection, and fatigue. CONCLUSIONS: Infliximab is an efficacious treatment for fistulas in patients with Crohn's disease.  (+info)

Thyroglossal duct cysts: sonographic appearances in adults. (3/133)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Previous reports have suggested that thyroglossal duct cysts (TDCs) appear on sonograms as well-defined cystic masses with thin walls and posterior enhancement. In our experience, however, TDCs have a variable sonographic appearance. We report our findings in 40 patients with TDCs and document the variability of sonographic patterns. METHODS: All patients in whom the diagnosis of TDC was made clinically (by at least two head and neck surgeons) and sonography detected a cystic mass related to the hyoid bone were included in this study. Sonograms of 40 patients with TDCs were reviewed. The features evaluated were the location, internal echogenicity, posterior enhancement, presence of septa, solid component, and fistulous tract. The echo pattern was not compared with the biopsy results. RESULTS: Four patterns of TDCs were identified: anechoic (28%), homogeneously hypoechoic with internal debris (18%), pseudosolid (28%), and heterogeneous (28%). The majority showed posterior enhancement (88%), were midline (63%), and infrahyoid in location (83%). Only half of all TDCs showed a typical thin wall. CONCLUSION: On sonograms, TDCs in adults are not simple cysts, as previously suggested, but have a complex pattern ranging from a typical anechoic to a pseudosolid appearance.  (+info)

Hydrogen peroxide enhanced ultrasound- fistulography in the assessment of enterocutaneous fistulas complicating Crohn's disease. (4/133)

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Proper management of enterocutaneous fistulas complicating Crohn's disease largely depends on the anatomical characteristics of the sinus tracks as well as the coexistence of complications such as abscesses and distal bowel stenosis. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the accuracy of a new technique (hydrogen peroxide enhanced ultrasound (US)-fistulography) compared with conventional x ray fistulogram and/or surgical findings in the detection of Crohn's disease associated enterocutaneous fistulas. METHODS: Patients with known Crohn's disease and a suspicion of enterocutaneous fistulas were prospectively studied with this novel technique, conventional x ray fistulogram, and barium radiography as well as with computed tomography whenever an abdominal abscess was suspected at US. In those undergoing surgery, intraoperative findings were also compared. RESULTS: Seventeen of 502 (3.4%) consecutive patients with Crohn's disease seen over a ten month period had associated enterocutaneous fistulas and were enrolled. Hydrogen peroxide enhanced US-fistulography visualised the extent and configuration of fistula in all cases: 13 patients had a fistula arising from the ileum and two from the sigmoid colon, whereas in two there was no evidence of communication with intestinal loops; in contrast, conventional x ray fistulography missed a correct definition of the fistulous branches or communication with intestinal loops in 50% (4/8) and 36% (4/11) of patients respectively; barium radiography showed fistulas in two cases only. The presence of abscesses along or close to the sinus track, as well as the coexistence of intestinal stenosis, was correctly detected at US in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: Hydrogen peroxide enhanced US-fistulography could be considered the diagnostic procedure of choice in Crohn's disease associated enterocutaneous fistulas, as it is at least as accurate, simple, and safe as conventional x ray fistulogram, does not miss coexisting abdominal complications, and also provides information on the diseased bowel segments. In addition, it can be easily repeated over time in order to monitor the course of fistulas undergoing conservative treatment.  (+info)

Persistent frontal fistula. (5/133)

The frontal sinus is prone to various complications--usually secondary to blockage of the fronto-nasal duct and stagnation of frontal sinus secretions. These pent-up secretions may result in pressure necrosis of the inferior or posterior sinus wall. Involvement of anterior wall is uncommon. We present a case of an anterior wall frontal sinus fistula and discuss its management.  (+info)

Possibilities of preventing osteoradionecrosis during complex therapy of tumors of the oral cavity. (6/133)

In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of tumors of the head and neck. Their successful treatment is one of the greatest challenges for physicians dealing with oncotherapy. An organic part of the complex therapy is preoperative or postoperative irradiation. Application of this is accompanied by a lower risk of recurrences, and by a higher proportion of cured patients. Unfortunately, irradiation also has a disadvantage: the development of osteoradionecrosis, a special form of osteomyelitis, in some patients (mainly in those cases where irradiation occurs after bone resection or after partial removal of the periosteum). Once the clinical picture of this irradiation complication has developed, its treatment is very difficult. A significant result or complete freedom from complaints can be attained only rarely. Attention must therefore be focussed primarily on prevention, and the oral surgeon, the oncoradiologist and the patient too can all do much to help prevent the occurrence of osteoradionecrosis. Through coupling of an up-to-date, functional surgical attitude with knowledge relating to modern radiology and radiation physics, the way may be opened to forestall this complication that is so difficult to cure.  (+info)

Neck infection associated with pyriform sinus fistula: imaging findings. (7/133)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Acute suppurative neck infections associated with branchial fistulas are frequently recurrent. In this study, we describe the imaging findings of acute suppurative infection of the neck caused by a third or fourth branchial fistula (pyriform sinus fistula). METHODS: Imaging findings were reviewed in 17 patients (11 female and six male patients, 2 to 49 years old) with neck infection associated with pyriform sinus fistula. Surgery or laryngoscopic examination confirmed the diagnoses. Fourteen patients had a history of recurrent neck infection and seven had cutaneous openings on the anterior portion of the neck (all lesions were on the left side). Imaging studies included barium esophagography (n = 16), CT (n = 14), MR imaging (n = 2), and sonography (n = 3). RESULTS: A sinus or fistulous tract was identified in eight of 16 patients on barium esophagograms. In 14 patients, CT studies showed the inflammatory infiltration and/or abscess formation along the course of the sinus or fistulous tract from the pyriform fossa to the thyroid gland. In nine patients, CT scans showed the entire course or a part of the sinus or fistulous tract as a tiny spot containing air. MR images showed a sinus or fistulous tract in two patients, whereas sonograms could not depict a sinus or fistulous tract in three patients. All 17 patients were treated with antibiotics. In one patient, the sinus tract was surgically excised, while 15 patients underwent chemocauterization of the sinus or fistulous tract with good outcome. Follow-up was possible for 16 of the 17 patients. CONCLUSION: When an inflammatory infiltration or abscess is present between the pyriform fossa and the thyroid bed in the lower left part of the neck, an infected third or fourth branchial fistula should be strongly suspected.  (+info)

Lymphocutaneous fistula as a long-term complication of multiple central venous catheter placement. (8/133)

We report a case of a lymphocutaneous fistula in a 19-month-old boy who had been a premature neonate, born in the 23rd week of gestation. The fistula, an apparent complication of central venous line placement during the patient's first 5 months of life, was composed of a distinct lymphatic vessel bundle in the right supraclavicular region, with its exit point at the posterior aspect of the right shoulder. The drainage ceased immediately after resection and repair of a 1-cm obstruction in the superior vena cava.  (+info)

Terms commonly used when discussing cutaneous fistula include:

* Cutaneous: refers to the skin
* Fistula: a tunnel-like structure that connects two organs or tissues
* Drainage: the removal of fluid or pus from the body

Example sentences using the word "cutaneous fistula":

1. The patient developed a cutaneous fistula on their abdomen after undergoing surgery for an abscess.
2. The cutaneous fistula was causing discomfort and infection, so the doctor recommended draining it to prevent further complications.
3. The cause of the cutaneous fistula was determined to be a cyst that had ruptured and formed a tunnel-like structure to the skin.

There are several types of fistulas, including:

1. Anal fistula: a connection between the anus and the skin around it, usually caused by an abscess or infection.
2. Rectovaginal fistula: a connection between the rectum and the vagina, often seen in women who have had radiation therapy for cancer.
3. Vesicovaginal fistula: a connection between the bladder and the vagina, often caused by obstetric injuries or surgery.
4. Enterocutaneous fistula: a connection between the intestine and the skin, often seen in patients with inflammatory bowel disease or cancer.
5. Fistula-in-ano: a connection between the rectum and the skin around the anus, often caused by chronic constipation or previous surgery.

Symptoms of fistulas can include pain, bleeding, discharge, and difficulty controlling bowel movements. Treatment depends on the type and location of the fistula, but may include antibiotics, surgery, or other interventional procedures.

Also known as: Gastric-enteric fistula, gastrointestinal fistula, stomach fistula.

Example sentences:

1. The patient was diagnosed with a gastric fistula and underwent surgery to repair the abnormal connection.
2. The symptoms of gastric fistula can be severe and debilitating, making it important to seek medical attention if they persist or worsen over time.
3. Gastric fistula is a rare complication of gastric surgery, but it can be managed with prompt and appropriate treatment.

The AVF is created by joining a radial or brachial artery to a vein in the forearm or upper arm. The vein is typically a radiocephalic vein, which is a vein that drains blood from the hand and forearm. The fistula is formed by sewing the artery and vein together with a specialized suture material.

Once the AVF is created, it needs time to mature before it can be used for hemodialysis. This process can take several weeks or months, depending on the size of the fistula and the individual patient's healing response. During this time, the patient may need to undergo regular monitoring and testing to ensure that the fistula is functioning properly.

The advantages of an AVF over other types of hemodialysis access include:

1. Improved blood flow: The high-flow path created by the AVF allows for more efficient removal of waste products from the blood.
2. Reduced risk of infection: The connection between the artery and vein is less likely to become infected than other types of hemodialysis access.
3. Longer duration: AVFs can last for several years, providing a reliable and consistent source of hemodialysis access.
4. Improved patient comfort: The fistula is typically located in the arm or forearm, which is less invasive and more comfortable for the patient than other types of hemodialysis access.

However, there are also potential risks and complications associated with AVFs, including:

1. Access failure: The fistula may not mature properly or may become blocked, requiring alternative access methods.
2. Infection: As with any surgical procedure, there is a risk of infection with AVF creation.
3. Steal syndrome: This is a rare complication that occurs when the flow of blood through the fistula interferes with the normal flow of blood through the arm.
4. Thrombosis: The fistula may become occluded due to clotting, which can be treated with thrombolysis or surgical intervention.

In summary, an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a type of hemodialysis access that is created by connecting an artery and a vein, providing a high-flow path for hemodialysis. AVFs offer several advantages over other types of hemodialysis access, including improved blood flow, reduced risk of infection, longer duration, and improved patient comfort. However, there are also potential risks and complications associated with AVFs, including access failure, infection, steal syndrome, and thrombosis. Regular monitoring and testing are necessary to ensure that the fistula is functioning properly and to minimize the risk of these complications.

The term "intestinal fistula" encompasses several different types of fistulas that can occur in the gastrointestinal tract, including:

1. Enterocutaneous fistula: This type of fistula occurs between the intestine and the skin, typically on the abdominal wall.
2. Enteroenteric fistula: This type of fistula occurs between two segments of the intestine.
3. Enterofistulous intestinal tract: This type of fistula occurs when a segment of the intestine is replaced by a fistula.
4. Fecal fistula: This type of fistula occurs between the rectum and the skin, typically on the perineum.

The causes of intestinal fistulas are varied and can include:

1. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can lead to the development of intestinal fistulas.
2. Diverticulitis: This condition can cause a fistula to form between the diverticula and the surrounding tissues.
3. Infection: Bacterial or parasitic infections can cause the formation of fistulas in the intestine.
4. Radiation therapy: This can damage the intestinal tissue and lead to the formation of a fistula.
5. Trauma: Blunt or penetrating trauma to the abdomen can cause a fistula to form between the intestine and surrounding tissues.
6. Cancer: Malignancies in the intestine or surrounding tissues can erode through the bowel wall and form a fistula.
7. Rare genetic conditions: Certain inherited conditions, such as familial polyposis syndrome, can increase the risk of developing intestinal fistulas.
8. Other medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as tuberculosis or syphilis, can also cause intestinal fistulas.

The symptoms of intestinal fistulas can vary depending on the location and severity of the fistula. Common symptoms include:

1. Abdominal pain
2. Diarrhea
3. Rectal bleeding
4. Infection (fever, chills, etc.)
5. Weakness and fatigue
6. Abdominal distension
7. Loss of appetite
8. Nausea and vomiting

The diagnosis of an intestinal fistula is typically made through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests such as:

1. Imaging studies (X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans) to visualize the fistula and surrounding tissues.
2. Endoscopy to examine the inside of the intestine and identify any damage or abnormalities.
3. Biopsy to obtain a tissue sample for further examination.
4. Blood tests to check for signs of infection or inflammation.

Treatment of an intestinal fistula depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. Treatment options may include:

1. Antibiotics to treat any underlying infections.
2. Surgery to repair the fistula and remove any damaged tissue.
3. Nutritional support to help the body heal and recover.
4. Management of any underlying medical conditions, such as diabetes or Crohn's disease.
5. Supportive care to manage symptoms such as pain, nausea, and vomiting.

The prognosis for intestinal fistulas varies depending on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. In general, with prompt and appropriate treatment, many people with intestinal fistulas can experience a good outcome and recover fully. However, in some cases, complications such as infection or bleeding may occur, and the condition may be challenging to treat.

In medical terminology, a bronchial fistula is an unusual connection between two organs or between an organ and the skin that allows air to escape from the respiratory tract and enter the skin. This can result in a persistent cough and other symptoms, such as chest pain, fever, and difficulty breathing.

Bronchial fistulas are relatively rare and can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

1. Trauma to the chest, such as from a car accident or fall.
2. Infections, such as tuberculosis or pneumonia, that can damage the lungs and cause an abnormal connection to form.
3. Cancer, such as lung cancer, that has spread to the skin and formed a fistula.
4. Congenital conditions, such as bronchial malformations that are present at birth.

Treatment for a bronchial fistula depends on the underlying cause and may include antibiotics for infections, surgery to repair or remove damaged tissue, or other interventions to manage symptoms. In some cases, a bronchial fistula may be treated with endobronchial therapy, in which a small tube is inserted through the mouth or nose and guided to the site of the fistula to close it off.

In summary, a bronchial fistula is an abnormal connection between two organs or between an organ and the skin that can cause air to leak into the skin and lead to chronic cough and other symptoms. Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the fistula and may involve antibiotics, surgery, or endobronchial therapy.

Example sentence: "The patient underwent surgery to create a vascular fistula in her arm to improve the flow of blood to her kidneys."

Please note that this definition is a summary and may not be comprehensive or up-to-date. For accurate and current information, I recommend consulting a medical professional or a reputable online source.

The symptoms of urinary fistula can vary depending on the location and severity of the condition, but may include:

* Incontinence or leakage of urine
* Pain or discomfort in the abdomen or pelvis
* Frequent urination or difficulty starting a stream of urine
* Blood in the urine
* Cloudy or strong-smelling urine
* Recurring urinary tract infections

Treatment for urinary fistula typically involves surgery to repair the abnormal connection and restore normal urinary function. In some cases, this may involve creating a new opening for urine to pass through or repairing damaged tissue.

Preventive measures for urinary fistula are not well established, but good hygiene practices and proper care after surgery can help reduce the risk of developing the condition. Early detection and treatment are important to prevent complications and improve outcomes.

Symptoms of an esophageal fistula may include difficulty swallowing, regurgitation of food, coughing, and chest pain. Diagnosis is typically made through endoscopy, imaging studies such as CT scans or MRIs, and other tests such as barium swallows or pH monitoring.

Treatment options for esophageal fistula depend on the location and severity of the fistula, as well as the underlying cause. Conservative management with antibiotics and acid suppression may be sufficient for some cases, while more complex interventions such as surgery or endoscopic therapy may be required for others. In severe cases, esophageal fistula may require emergency surgical repair to prevent life-threatening complications such as aspiration pneumonia or sepsis.

The most common types of biliary fistulas are:

1. Bile duct-enteric fistula: This type of fistula connects the bile ducts to the small intestine.
2. Bile duct-skin fistula: This type of fistula connects the bile ducts to the skin, which can lead to a bile leak and infection.
3. Bile duct-liver fistula: This type of fistula connects the bile ducts to the liver, which can cause bleeding and infection.

Symptoms of biliary fistula may include:

* Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes)
* Pale or clay-colored stools
* Dark urine
* Fatigue
* Loss of appetite
* Weight loss

Diagnosis of biliary fistula is typically made through a combination of imaging tests such as endoscopy, CT scan, and MRI. Treatment options for biliary fistula include:

1. Endoscopic therapy: This may involve the use of an endoscope to repair or close off the fistula.
2. Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or remove the damaged bile ducts.
3. Stent placement: A stent may be placed in the bile ducts to help keep them open and allow for proper drainage.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of biliary fistula, as it can lead to serious complications such as infection or bleeding.

The severity and impact of pancreatic fistula can vary depending on factors such as the size and location of the fistula, the extent of the pancreatectomy, and the overall health status of the individual. Treatment options for pancreatic fistula may include conservative management with supportive care, surgical repair or revision of the pancreatectomy, or other interventional procedures to manage symptoms and prevent complications.

Symptoms of a rectovaginal fistula may include:

* Incontinence of stool or gas into the vagina
* Pain in the rectal or vaginal area
* Discharge of stool or gas from the vagina
* Perineal pain during sexual activity
* Difficulty with bowel movements

Diagnosis is typically made through a physical examination, and may also include imaging tests such as an MRI or CT scan.

Treatment for a rectovaginal fistula usually involves surgery to repair the defect. The type of surgery used will depend on the location and size of the fistula, as well as the patient's overall health. In some cases, multiple procedures may be necessary to achieve complete resolution of symptoms.

In addition to surgical treatment, other therapies such as bowel training, stool softeners, and antibiotics may be used to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Patients with rectovaginal fistulas should work closely with their healthcare provider to develop a personalized treatment plan that addresses their individual needs and goals.

Types: There are several types of digestive system fistulae, including:

* Esophago-gastric fistula: A connection between the esophagus and stomach
* Gastric-duodenal fistula: A connection between the stomach and small intestine
* Jejuno-ileal fistula: A connection between the small intestine and large intestine
* Ileo-caecal fistula: A connection between the large intestine and the caecum, a pouch-like structure in the appendix

Causes: Digestive system fistulae can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

* Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis
* Diverticulitis, a condition in which pouches form in the wall of the GI tract and become infected
* Cancer, such as rectal cancer or colon cancer
* Radiation therapy to the pelvic area
* Infections, such as abscesses or gangrene

Symptoms: Symptoms of digestive system fistulae can include:

* Pain in the abdomen or pelvis
* Swelling in the abdomen or pelvis
* Fever
* Diarrhea or constipation
* Abdominal distension
* Weight loss

Treatment: Treatment for digestive system fistulae depends on the underlying cause and may include antibiotics, surgery, or other interventions. In some cases, the condition may be managed with draining of the abscess or fistula, or with the use of a nasogastric tube to drain the contents of the stomach. Surgical repair of the fistula may also be necessary.

Prognosis: The prognosis for digestive system fistulae depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. In general, early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes. However, if left untreated, the condition can lead to serious complications such as sepsis, organ damage, or death.

Prevention: Preventing digestive system fistulae involves managing any underlying conditions that may contribute to their development. For example, people with inflammatory bowel disease should adhere to their treatment regimens and make lifestyle changes as recommended by their healthcare providers. In addition, good hand hygiene and proper sterilization techniques can help prevent the spread of infections that can lead to fistulae.

* Inguinal hernia: Occurs when part of the intestine bulges through a weakened area in the inguinal canal, which is located in the groin area.
* Umbilical hernia: Occurs when an organ or tissue protrudes through a weakened area near the belly button.
* Hiatal hernia: Occurs when the stomach bulges up into the chest through a weakened area in the diaphragm.
* Ventral hernia: Occurs when an organ or tissue protrudes through a weakened area in the abdominal wall, usually in the upper abdomen.

Symptoms of Abdominal Hernia may include pain or discomfort in the affected area, bulging or swelling, and difficulty passing stool or gas. Treatment options range from lifestyle changes to surgery, depending on the severity of the condition.

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The fistula can be excised as a cosmetic operation even though no infection appeared. The procedure is considered an elective ... Branchial cleft cyst Thyroglossal cyst Lachiewicz Sibley syndrome List of cutaneous conditions Freedberg IM, Fitzpatrick TB ( ... Kim JR, Kim DH, Kong SK, Gu PM, Hong TU, Kim BJ, Heo KW (November 2014). "Congenital periauricular fistulas: possible variants ... Cutaneous congenital anomalies, Congenital disorders of ears, Cysts). ...
Peritoneo-cutaneous fistula formation secondary to gallstone dropped at laparoscopic cholecystectomy 20 years previously: a ...
Complications include incisional hernia, neobladder-intestinal and neobladder-cutaneous fistulas, ureteroenteric anastomosis ...
List of cutaneous conditions Skin lesion Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume ... Dapsone combined with leg elevation and compression, and erythromycin for HD patients with AV fistulas have also been reported ... Acroangiodermatitis of Mali is a rare cutaneous condition often characterized by purplish-blue to brown papules and plaques on ... v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Vascular-related cutaneous conditions, All stub ...
It can cause lung abscess, pulmono pleural fistula, empyema lung and broncho pleural fistula. It can also reach the brain ... Cutaneous amoebiasis can also occur in skin around sites of colostomy wound, perianal region, region overlying visceral lesion ... rectovesicle fistula and rectovaginal fistula.[citation needed] Entamoeba histolytica infection is associated with malnutrition ...
His report on two cases of hydatid disease describes one patient discharging hydatid cysts via a chronic cutaneous fistula from ...
Cutaneous congenital anomalies, Fistulas, Nephrology procedures). ... A brachiocephalic fistula above the elbow has a greater flow rate than a radiocephalic fistula at the wrist. Both the artery ... When the vein is large enough to allow cannulation, the fistula is defined as "mature". An arteriovenous fistula can increase ... The AV fistula is the solution for this problem because, after 4-6 weeks, the walls of the veins become thicker due to the high ...
... cutaneous fistula MeSH C23.300.575.185 - digestive system fistula MeSH C23.300.575.185.150 - biliary fistula MeSH C23.300. ... oral fistula MeSH C23.300.575.500.275 - dental fistula MeSH C23.300.575.500.550 - oroantral fistula MeSH C23.300.575.500.775 - ... gastric fistula MeSH C23.300.575.185.550 - intestinal fistula MeSH C23.300.575.185.550.600 - rectal fistula MeSH C23.300. ... salivary gland fistula MeSH C23.300.575.687 - respiratory tract fistula MeSH C23.300.575.687.225 - bronchial fistula MeSH ...
... cutaneous fistulae (this refers to the formation of an abnormal secondary passageway from either the tear duct or lacrimal sac ...
... and oro-cutaneous fistula treated surgically. It is recommended to have a multi-disciplinary approach to care and dental ... Other signs and symptoms include: Pain Swelling Non-healing sore or ulcer in the mouth Trismus An extra-oral fistula (from jaw ... Common signs and symptoms include pain, difficulty chewing, trismus, mouth-to-skin fistulas and non-healing ulcers. The ... closure of orocutaneous fistula and large resections. Surgical management is usually required in cases of advanced disease, or ...
Crohn's disease (CD) of the vulva is a rare extra intestinal condition, with granulomatous cutaneous lesions affecting the ... Dermatologic inflammatory vulvo-vaginal lesions are usually caused by fistulas arising from the anus or rectum. However, not ... all inflammatory lesions within the genitalia are caused in fistulas fashion, even in patients with gastrointestinal Crohn's ...
AC with 0 elements, Obstetrics, Human pregnancy, Human development, Pregnancy-related cutaneous conditions, Pathology of ... pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium, Medical terminology, Noninflammatory disorders of female genital tract, Fistulas). ... Gestational pemphigoid Prurigo gestationis Lupus Cephalopelvic disproportion Stillbirth Molar pregnancy Obstetric fistula ...
... enteric-cutaneous fistulas (unless a feeding tube can be passed distal to the fistula) TPN may be the only feasible option for ... Cutaneous manifestations are the most common presentation. Hypersensitivity is thought to occur to the individual components of ... a fistula) or because its absorptive capacity is impaired. It has been used for comatose patients, although enteral feeding is ...
Cutaneous ciliated cyst Cutaneous columnar cyst Cutaneous horn (Cornu cutaneum) Cystic basal cell carcinoma Dermal eccrine ... congenital auricular fistula, congenital preauricular fistula, preauricular cyst) Rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma ( ... Primary cutaneous immunocytoma Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma Retiform parapsoriasis Secondary cutaneous CD30+ large ... Cutaneous group B streptococcal infection Cutaneous Pasteurella hemolytica infection Cutaneous Streptococcus iniae infection ...
Any part of the tract can persist, causing a sinus, fistula or cyst. Most fistulae are acquired following rupture or incision ... Cutaneous columnar cyst Branchial cleft cyst Cystic hygroma Preauricular sinus and cyst Ranula University of Rochester Medical ... resulting in a draining sinus known as a thyroglossal fistula. Thyroglossal fistula can develop when the removal of the cyst ... Stahl W.M.; Lyall D. (1954). "Cervical cysts and fistulae of thyroglossal Tract Origin". Annals of Surgery. 139 (1): 123-128. ...
Any teratoma near the body surface may develop a sinus or a fistula, or even a cluster of these. Such is the case of Canadian ... The long-time held belief was that the inclusion of cutaneous ectodermal cells occurred early in embryonic life, and the ... Dermoid sinus, more commonly known as a pilonidal cyst Proliferating trichilemmal cyst List of cutaneous conditions Freedberg, ... spinal cutaneous inclusion, during needle puncture (e.g. lumbar puncture) or during surgical procedures on closure of a ...
Cutaneous uretero-ileostomy (56.6) Other external urinary diversion (56.61) Formation of other cutaneous ureterostomy ... Closure of other fistula of kidney (55.84) Reduction of torsion of renal pedicle (55.85) Symphysiotomy for horseshoe kidney ( ... Closure of nasal fistula (21.83) Total nasal reconstruction (21.84) Revision rhinoplasty (21.85) Augmentation rhinoplasty ( ... Incision or excision of anal fistula (49.2) Diagnostic procedures on anus and perianal tissue (49.3) Local excision or ...
"Anorectal Fistula". MERCK MANUAL Consumer Version. Archived from the original on July 10, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2016. " ... Thrash B, Patel M, Shah KR, Boland CR, Menter A (February 2013). "Cutaneous manifestations of gastrointestinal disease: part II ... Enterovesical Fistula at eMedicine Molnár, Tamás; Tiszlavicz, László; Gyulai, Csaba; Nagy, Ferenc; Lonovics, János (May 28, ... Urological manifestations in patients with IBD may include ureteral calculi, enterovesical fistula, perivesical infection, ...
Surgery of the anal fistula to drain an abscess treats the fistula and reduces likelihood of its recurrence and the need for ... Skin abscesses are also called cutaneous or subcutaneous abscesses. For those with a history of intravenous drug use, an X-ray ... Singer AJ, Thode HC, Chale S, Taira BR, Lee C (May 2011). "Primary closure of cutaneous abscesses: a systematic review" (PDF). ... Discharge is then absorbed by cutaneous bandages and further wicking promoted by changing these bandages regularly. However, ...
1987). Esthiomene resulting from cutaneous tuberculosis of external genitalia. Genitourin Med. 63(2): 133-134. v t e (Articles ... fistulae, ulcerations, and fibrosis of the tissues. The tissues swell, sometimes severely, and the genitalia may grow to a ...
... arterio-arterial fistula MeSH C14.907.933.125 - arteriovenous fistula MeSH C14.907.934.140 - cryoglobulinemia MeSH C14.907. ... allergic cutaneous MeSH C14.907.940.897.249.750 - granulomatosis with polyangiitis MeSH C14.907.952.760 - postphlebitic ... MeSH C14.240.150.125 - arteriovenous fistula MeSH C14.240.150.295 - intracranial arteriovenous malformations MeSH C14.240. ... carotid-cavernous sinus fistula MeSH C14.907.253.123.353 - carotid artery, internal, dissection MeSH C14.907.253.123.360 - ...
Another predisposing factor is chronic cutaneous edema, such as can in turn be caused by venous insufficiency or heart failure ... Risk factors for developing the disease include Arteriovenous fistula Chronic skin conditions such as psoriasis, athlete's foot ...
It can, but does not necessarily, have an opening to the skin surface, called a fistula. The cause is usually a developmental ... Cutaneous columnar cyst Cystic hygroma Gingival cyst Mucocele Ranula Thyroglossal duct cyst Pincus RL (2001). "Congenital neck ... Fistulas, if present, are asymptomatic until infection arises. Branchial cleft cysts are remnants of embryonic development and ... and their location and the location of associated fistulas differs accordingly. Most branchial cleft cysts present in late ...
v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Cutaneous congenital anomalies, Lip disorders, All ... congenital lip pit or lip sinus is a congenital disorder characterized by the presence of pits and possibly associated fistulas ...
The cutaneous branches arise either directly by the popliteal artery or indirectly by the muscular branches. Genicular branches ... an injury of the artery and vein may result in an arteriovenous fistula (communication between an artery and a vein). Failure ...
These have been cutaneous skin flaps, amniotic membranes, and buccal mucosa. Several techniques may be used in sex reassignment ... Genital pain was reported in 4-9%. Rectovaginal fistula is also rare with only 1% documented. Vaginal prolapse was seen in 1-2 ...
... fields of Forel filiform papillae filum filum terminale fimbriae finger fingernail first thoracic ganglion fissure fistula ... cuneate cuneate fasciculus cuneate nucleus cuneate tubercle cuneiforms cuneocerebellar fibers cuneus cupula cusp cutaneous cyst ...
... congenital Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis Pulmonary arterio-veinous fistula Pulmonary artery agenesis Pulmonary artery coming ... 2 Primary ciliary dyskinesia Primary craniosynostosis Primary cutaneous amyloidosis Primary granulocytic sarcoma Primary ... diaphragmatic hernia Pericardium absent mental retardation short stature Pericardium congenital anomaly Perilymphatic fistula ...
Cutaneous anthrax Cutaneous larva migrans Cutaneous lupus erythematosus Cutaneous photosensitivity colitis lethal Cutaneous T- ... Cornelia de Lange syndrome Corneodermatoosseous syndrome Coronal synostosis syndactyly jejunal atresia Coronaro-cardiac fistula ... cutaneous, articular syndrome Chudley-Lowry-Hoar syndrome Chudley-Rozdilsky syndrome Chudley-Mccullough syndrome Churg-Strauss ... cell lymphoma Cutaneous vascularitis Cutis Gyrata syndrome of Beare and Stevenson Cutis gyratum acanthosis nigricans ...
El-Charnoubi, W. A.; Foged Henriksen, T; Joergen Elberg, J (2011). "Cutaneous silicone granuloma mimicking breast cancer after ... Other possible symptoms include nipple retraction, pain, inflammation of the overlying skin, nipple discharge, fistula, ...
Cutaneous ulceration due to contrast extravasation; experimental assessment of injury and potential an - tidotes. Invest Radiol ... When an arterial-venous fistulae is transluminated, there are few reflected images because flow velocity is higher and sanguine ...
... may also present with skin lesions in cutaneous endometriosis. Less commonly lesions can be found on the ... Most complications occurred in cases of low intestinal anastomosis, while risk of fistula occurred in cases of combined ...
Although dysbiosis of the cutaneous microbiome apparent in HS is not observed, the concurrent existence of inflammatory gut and ... In stage III disease, as classified by the Hurley's staging system, fistulae left undiscovered, undiagnosed, or untreated, can ... Interstitial keratitis Anal, rectal, or urethral fistulae Normochromic or hypochromic anemia People with HS may be at increased ... nodules and fistulas in each region or size if only one lesion present) The presence of normal skin in between lesions (i.e., ...
Requena L, Sangueza OP (February 1998). "Cutaneous vascular proliferations. Part III. Malignant neoplasms, other cutaneous ... Significant skin alterations, such as cornification or keratosis, cysts and/or fistulae, are present. Additionally, the patient ... Cutaneous Changes in Peripheral Venous and Lymphatic Insufficiency". In Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest BA, Paller AS, Leffell ... Journal of Cutaneous Pathology. 44 (5): 500-503. doi:10.1111/cup.12918. PMID 28195354. S2CID 6650610. Burnand KM, Glass DM, ...
... and has a high rate of recurrence and formation of fistulae.[citation needed] Furthermore, surgery may spread the disease to ... Mycobacterium-related cutaneous conditions, Tuberculosis). ...
In his recently founded section he studied Chagas disease, Trypanosoma rangeli, cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis, ... he is a pioneer in robotic surgery for complex urinary fistulae in females and males, benign prostate enlargement and inguinal ...
Gupta AK, Skinner AR (2004). "A review of the use of infliximab to manage cutaneous dermatoses". J Cutan Med Surg. 8 (2): 77-89 ... In a 94-patient, phase II clinical trial, the researchers showed Infliximab was effective in closing fistulae between the skin ... which causes fistulae or abnormal connections of the bowel), and inflammatory disease (which primarily causes inflammation). ... with almost two-thirds of all patients treated with the three initial doses of infliximab having a fistula response after 14 ...
Anal fistulae*, known as perianal fistulae in dogs, are most common in German Shepherd Dogs. They are characterized by draining ... Leishmaniasis* is spread by the sandfly, and in the dog as well as human has both cutaneous and visceral forms. The dog is ...
Coccidioides Coccidioides immitis Coccidioides posadasii Zygomycosis Medical geology List of cutaneous conditions Thunderhead, ... including severe pneumonia with respiratory failure and bronchopleural fistulas requiring resection, lung nodules, and possible ... which includes primary cutaneous coccidioidomycosis Valley fever is not a contagious disease. An estimated 60% of people ...
The cutaneous electrogastrography provides an indirect representation of the electrical activity, that has been demonstrated in ... Martin, a man with a gunshot-induced fistula in his abdomen, experienced lower secretions of digestive juices and a slower ... Since it is much easier to perform, the cutaneous electrogastrography has been used most frequently.[citation needed] Several ... for cutaneous electrogastrography: An electrogastroenterography (EGEG) is based that different organs of a GI tract give ...
... fistula-in-ano). For preparation of PRP, various protocols are used, with an underlying principle of concentrating platelets to ... Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery. 7 (4): 189-97. doi:10.4103/0974-2077.150734. PMC 4338460. PMID 25722595. ... "Treatment of transsphincteric fistula-in-ano with growth factors from autologous platelets: results of a phase II clinical ...
Surgical management of an odontogenic cutaneous fistula. Kelly, Mairéad Sarah; Murray, Dylan J. Afiliação *Kelly MS; Department ... He was eventually diagnosed with an odontogenic cutaneous fistula (OCF), for which he underwent surgical management. The ... Surgical management of an odontogenic cutaneous fistula. ...
Peritoneo-cutaneous fistula is usually a rare but known entity. Such a case has not been reported after cesarean sections. A 26 ... The development of delayed peritoneo-cutaneous fistula has been seen as a complication of difficult cholecystectomy. ... A rare case of peritoneo-cutaneous fistula after cesarean section. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, ...
Entero-cutaneous fistula; aorto-bifemoral bypass surgery. Nov 8. Nov 8. ADT. Survived. NA¶. ...
Oral cutaneous fistula formation Workup in osteoradionecrosis of the mandible. Plain radiography of the mandible, or Panorex, ... An orocutaneous fistula is demonstrated here. A pathologic fracture was evident on examination. Biopsies were negative for ... An orocutaneous fistula is demonstrated here. A pathologic fracture was evident on examination. Biopsies were negative for ...
No cutaneous fistula was observed. A slight enlargement of the calcaneal tendon enthesis was observed on palpation of the ... A cutaneous medial incision was made at the stifle level, followed by a bilateral parapatellar incision of the fascia. An ...
Fistula on the skin of the scrotum (cutaneous scrotal fistula). *Scrotal abscess ...
Cutaneous Fistula / etiology* Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ... Enterocutaneous fistulae in an African woman. Gould SW, Hare A, Banwell P, Glazer G. Gould SW, et al. J R Soc Med. 1997 Mar;90( ... Enterocutaneous fistulae. Metcalf C. Metcalf C. J Wound Care. 1999 Mar;8(3):141-2. doi: 10.12968/jowc.1999.8.3.25854. J Wound ... Cyclosporine-induced worsening of hepatic dysfunction in a patient with Crohns disease and enterocutaneous fistula R A Moore 1 ...
User Comment: The term CUTANEOUS FISTULA was not applied to citations about enterocutaneous fistula.. Response: The user was ... not aware that CUTANEOUS FISTULA did not become a MeSH heading until 1994. The concept of enterocutaneous fistula was indexed ...
4. Cutaneous fistulas to the vas deferens.. Thomas RB; Wisniewski ZS. J Urol; 1992 Feb; 147(2):472-3. PubMed ID: 1732626. [TBL] ... 7. [Spontaneous cholecysto-cutaneous fistula. Observation of a case and review of the literature].. Gatti L; Franchini R; Di ... Differential fistula. Cutaneous].. Claret AJ; Aguirre CA. Rev Argent Urol Nefrol; 1968; 37(8):176-8. PubMed ID: 5737016. [No ... 3. [Broncho-reno-cutaneous fistula. Etiopathogenicity and possible therapy. A case report (authors transl)].. Abet D; Gamain J ...
Cutaneous Fistula / congenital* Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ... Congenital fistula of the lower lip. Apropos of 2 cases]. Riquet-Bricard C, Brami S, Souyris F. Riquet-Bricard C, et al. Rev ...
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 39% of patients receiving KEYTRUDA; the most frequent included anemia (7%), fistula, ... Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma KEYTRUDA is indicated for the treatment of patients with recurrent or metastatic cutaneous ... KEYTRUDA has shown meaningful efficacy in patients with locally advanced or recurrent or metastatic cutaneous squamous cell ... FDA Approves Expanded Indication for Mercks KEYTRUDA® (pembrolizumab) in Locally Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma ( ...
Gastrointestinal perforation or fistula occurred in patients receiving Iclusig [see Adverse Reactions (6.2)]. Permanently ... Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders: Severe cutaneous reaction (e.g., Erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome), ... Inform patients that impaired wound healing and gastrointestinal fistula or perforation have been reported. Advise patients to ...
User Comment: The term CUTANEOUS FISTULA was not applied to citations about enterocutaneous fistula.. Response: The user was ... not aware that CUTANEOUS FISTULA did not become a MeSH heading until 1994. The concept of enterocutaneous fistula was indexed ...
Gastrointestinal-cutaneous fistulae. In: Baker RJ, Fischer JE, eds. Mastery of Surgery, 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott ... Fazio VW, Coutsoftides T, Steiger E. Factors influencing the outcome of treatment of small bowel cutaneous fistula. World J ... Draganov K, Dimitrova V, Ionkov A, Rusenov D, Tosheva E, Dimitrov K, Tonev S. [Acquierd entero-cutaneous fistulas - diagnostic ... Serum transferrin as a prognostic indicator of spontaneous closure and mortality in gastrointestinal cutaneous fistulas. Ann ...
fistula policy: Manual 23.19+; anal fistula (one opening on the cutaneous surface near the anus) is indexed as ANAL FISTULA see ... External Fistula Skin Fistula NLM Classification #. WR 140. Previous Indexing. Fistula (1966-1993). Skin Diseases (1966-1993). ... Cutaneous Fistula Preferred Term Term UI T052705. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (1994). ... Cutaneous Fistula Preferred Concept UI. M0026639. Scope Note. An abnormal passage or communication leading from an internal ...
... and a cutaneous right chest wall mass. In March of 2013, a computed tomographic scan of the thorax showed a 54 × 18 × 26-mm ... The mass progressed to two cutaneous chest wall fistulae, at which point additional empirical antibiotics were prescribed with ... A 42-year-old male presented in June of 2011 with nocturnal fevers, night sweats, an 8-kg weight loss, and a cutaneous right ... He had normal vital signs, and physical examination was notable only for the presence of two lower right chest wall fistulae ( ...
Cutaneous candidiasis and thrush also occur. Invasive fungal infections also can occur. ... Pneumonias are frequently complicated and cause bronchiectasis, bronchopleural fistulae and pneumatocoeles. Sino-pulmonary and ...
... gastrocolic fistula, cutaneous necrosis, or need for surgical closure of the gastro-cutaneous fistula after g-tube removal and ... and for one patient due to the occurrence of a cutaneous-gastric fistula. ...
Patient post left nephrectomy and partial right nephrectomy complicated by a renal-cutaneous fistula with recurrent perinephric ...
The patient had no family history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and there were no abdominal masses, cutaneous fistulas or ... Figure 2 Entero-computed tomography showing a marked ileal dilatation, with no evidence of mucosal lesions or fistulae. ... showed an ileal stricture associated with dilation above a stenosis and a suspected entero-enteric fistula at about 30 cm from ... bowel follow through shows an ileal stricture associated with dilation above stenosis and suspected entero-enteric fistula at ...
Fistula may manifest as pneumaturia, fecaluria (feces in the urine), feculent vaginal discharge, or a cutaneous or myofascial ... fistula, or abscess Intra-Abdominal Abscesses Abscesses can occur anywhere in the abdomen and retroperitoneum. They mainly ... fistula, obstruction Intestinal Obstruction Intestinal obstruction is significant mechanical impairment or complete arrest of ... Chronic complicated diverticulitis: Includes stenotic disease, which may cause acute colon obstruction and fistula formation ( ...
fistula policy: Manual 23.19+; anal fistula (one opening on the cutaneous surface near the anus) is indexed as ANAL FISTULA see ... External Fistula Skin Fistula NLM Classification #. WR 140. Previous Indexing. Fistula (1966-1993). Skin Diseases (1966-1993). ... Cutaneous Fistula Preferred Term Term UI T052705. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (1994). ... Cutaneous Fistula Preferred Concept UI. M0026639. Scope Note. An abnormal passage or communication leading from an internal ...
In the skin form of the disease, signs include wounds that wont heal, ulcerated small lumps, and fistulas (small tunnel-like ... In dogs, pythiosis can occur as the cutaneous (skin), gastrointestinal (stomach and intestine), or multisystemic form. The skin ... These hairless lesions are perforated by draining fistulas. The lesions are itchy and damage from self-mutilation is common. ... Lagenidiosis is characterized by cutaneous lesions and enlarged lymph nodes. The infection causes inflammation of the blood ...
... of which 130 were recurrent fistulas, 29 had horseshoe track, while 25 had blind fistula with no cutaneous opening. The mean ... Management of complex fistula-in-ano by interception of fistula track with application of ksharasutra (IFTAK): a novel ... Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Anal Canal/surgery , Rectal Fistula/surgery , Recurrence , ... Objective: Despite all the technological advances, successful management of complex fistula-in-ano is still a challenge due to ...
... ureter occlusion for vesicovaginal fistulae, intraperitoneal bile leak and sclerosis of biliary cutaneous fistulas. ... traumatic arteriovenous fistula, popliteal arteriovenous fistula and aortic-caval fistula. ... Bronchopulmonary fistulae are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Endobronchial closure using the AVP was recently ... They can be divided into congenital malformations and acquired fistulae. The vessels are often large and have high velocities ...
Low anorectal malformation associated with ano-urethro-cutaneous fistula. Kumar, V., Rao, P. L. N. G. & Vepakomma, D., 01-10- ... and predicts metastatic potential of cutaneous melanoma. Soltani, M. H., Pichardo, R., Song, Z., Sangha, N., Camacho, F., ...
Tracheoesophageal fistula Eczema Gingivitis Inflammatory abnormality of the eye Liver abscess Meningitis Sepsis Skin ulcer ... Cutaneous photosensitivity Hepatomegaly Hypermelanotic macule Macule Malabsorption Mediastinal lymphadenopathy Otitis media ...

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