A species of the fungus CRYPTOCOCCUS. Its teleomorph is Filobasidiella bacillispora.
A mitosporic Tremellales fungal genus whose species usually have a capsule and do not form pseudomycellium. Teleomorphs include Filobasidiella and Fidobasidium.
Infection with a fungus of the species CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS.
A species of the fungus CRYPTOCOCCUS. Its teleomorph is Filobasidiella neoformans.
The geographic area of the northwestern region of the United States. The states usually included in this region are Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming.
A province of Canada on the Pacific coast. Its capital is Victoria. The name given in 1858 derives from the Columbia River which was named by the American captain Robert Gray for his ship Columbia which in turn was named for Columbus. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p178 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p81-2)
Procedures for identifying types and strains of fungi.
Meningeal inflammation produced by CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS, an encapsulated yeast that tends to infect individuals with ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other immunocompromised states. The organism enters the body through the respiratory tract, but symptomatic infections are usually limited to the lungs and nervous system. The organism may also produce parenchymal brain lesions (torulomas). Clinically, the course is subacute and may feature HEADACHE; NAUSEA; PHOTOPHOBIA; focal neurologic deficits; SEIZURES; cranial neuropathies; and HYDROCEPHALUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp721-2)
Fungal genes that mostly encode TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. In some FUNGI they also encode PHEROMONES and PHEROMONE RECEPTORS. The transcription factors control expression of specific proteins that give a cell its mating identity. Opposite mating type identities are required for mating.
Substances that destroy fungi by suppressing their ability to grow or reproduce. They differ from FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL because they defend against fungi present in human or animal tissues.
The study of microorganisms living in a variety of environments (air, soil, water, etc.) and their pathogenic relationship to other organisms including man.
Infectious diseases that are novel in their outbreak ranges (geographic and host) or transmission mode.
Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.
A pH sensitive dye that has been used as an indicator in many laboratory reactions.
The fruiting 'heads' or 'caps' of FUNGI, which as a food item are familiarly known as MUSHROOMS, that contain the FUNGAL SPORES.
Pulmonary diseases caused by fungal infections, usually through hematogenous spread.
A genus of ascomycetous fungi in the family Trichocomaceae, order EUROTIALES. Some species can cause opportunistic infections in humans, similar to its anamorph ASPERGILLUS.
The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of fungi.
Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.
Process of determining and distinguishing species of bacteria or viruses based on antigens they share.
Proteins found in any species of fungus.
Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS.
Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches.
A condition caused by an apical lung tumor (Pancoast tumor) with involvement of the nearby vertebral column and the BRACHIAL PLEXUS. Symptoms include pain in the shoulder and the arm, and atrophy of the hand.
A condition that is characterized by inflammation, ulceration, and perforation of the nose and the PALATE with progressive destruction of midline facial structures. This syndrome can be manifested in several diseases including the nasal type of EXTRANODAL NK-T-CELL LYMPHOMA and GRANULOMATOSIS WITH POLYANGIITIS.
A paravertebral sympathetic ganglion formed by the fusion of the inferior cervical and first thoracic ganglia.

Consensus multi-locus sequence typing scheme for Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. (1/90)

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First isolation of Cryptococcus gattii molecular type VGII and Cryptococcus neoformans molecular type VNI from environmental sources in the city of Belem, Para, Brazil. (2/90)

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Identification of Cryptococcus gattii by use of L-canavanine glycine bromothymol blue medium and DNA sequencing. (3/90)

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Correlation of genotype and in vitro susceptibilities of Cryptococcus gattii strains from the Pacific Northwest of the United States. (4/90)

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Projecting global occurrence of Cryptococcus gattii. (5/90)

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Epidemiology of Cryptococcus gattii, British Columbia, Canada, 1999-2007. (6/90)

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Extracellular DNase activity of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. (7/90)

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Heteroresistance of Cryptococcus gattii to fluconazole. (8/90)

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The symptoms of cryptococcosis vary depending on the location and severity of the infection. In lung infections, patients may experience fever, cough, chest pain, and difficulty breathing. In CNS infections, patients may experience headaches, confusion, seizures, and loss of coordination. Skin infections can cause skin lesions, and eye infections can cause vision problems.

Cryptococcosis is diagnosed by culturing the fungus from body fluids or tissue samples. Treatment typically involves antifungal medications, such as amphotericin B or fluconazole, which may be given intravenously or orally, depending on the severity and location of the infection. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove infected tissue or repair damaged organs.

Preventive measures for cryptococcosis include avoiding exposure to fungal spores, practicing good hygiene, and maintaining a healthy immune system. For individuals with HIV/AIDS, antiretroviral therapy can help reduce the risk of developing cryptococcosis.

Overall, while rare, cryptococcosis is a serious opportunistic infection that can affect individuals with compromised immune systems. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential to prevent complications and improve outcomes.

A type of meningitis caused by the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans, which can be found in soil and decaying organic matter. The fungus is more common in areas with warm climates and poor air quality. It can cause a variety of symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, and mental confusion.

It is most commonly seen in people who have compromised immune systems (such as those with HIV/AIDS or taking immunosuppressive medications), and the elderly. It can be diagnosed by analyzing a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for the presence of the fungus or its antigens, or through imaging studies such as CT or MRI scans. Treatment typically involves antifungal medications and supportive care to manage symptoms.

Examples of emerging communicable diseases include SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome), West Nile virus, and HIV/AIDS. These diseases are often difficult to diagnose and treat, and they can spread rapidly due to increased travel and trade, as well as the high level of interconnectedness in today's world.

Emerging communicable diseases can be caused by a variety of factors, such as environmental changes, genetic mutations, or the transmission of diseases from animals to humans. These diseases can also be spread through various routes, including airborne transmission, contact with infected bodily fluids, and vector-borne transmission (such as through mosquitoes or ticks).

To prevent the spread of emerging communicable diseases, it is important to have strong surveillance systems in place to detect and monitor outbreaks, as well as effective public health measures such as vaccination programs, quarantine, and contact tracing. Additionally, research into the causes and transmission mechanisms of these diseases is crucial for developing effective treatments and prevention strategies.

Overall, emerging communicable diseases pose a significant threat to global health security, and it is important for healthcare professionals, policymakers, and the general public to be aware of these diseases and take steps to prevent their spread.

Types of fungal lung diseases include:

1. Aspergillosis: This is an infection caused by the fungus Aspergillus, which is commonly found in soil and decaying organic matter. It can affect people with weakened immune systems, such as those with cancer, HIV/AIDS, or taking immunosuppressive drugs.
2. Cryptococcosis: This is an infection caused by the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans, which is found in soil and decaying wood. It can affect people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or taking immunosuppressive drugs.
3. Histoplasmosis: This is an infection caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum, which is found in soil and decaying organic matter. It can affect people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or taking immunosuppressive drugs.
4. Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP): This is an infection caused by the fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii, which is found in soil and decaying organic matter. It can affect people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or taking immunosuppressive drugs.
5. Sporotrichosis: This is an infection caused by the fungus Sporothrix schenckii, which is found in soil and decaying organic matter. It can affect people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or taking immunosuppressive drugs.

Symptoms of fungal lung diseases can include:

* Cough
* Fever
* Chest pain
* Shortness of breath
* Fatigue

Diagnosis of fungal lung diseases is typically made through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests such as chest X-rays, CT scans, and fungal cultures. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications and may also include supportive care to manage symptoms.

Prevention of fungal lung diseases includes:

1. Avoiding exposure to fungal spores by wearing protective clothing and gear when working with soil or decaying organic matter.
2. Maintaining good indoor air quality by using ventilation systems and reducing humidity.
3. Reducing the risk of infection by avoiding close contact with people who are at high risk of developing fungal lung diseases, such as those with weakened immune systems.
4. Avoiding smoking and other tobacco products, which can increase the risk of developing fungal lung diseases.
5. Managing underlying medical conditions, such as HIV/AIDS or taking immunosuppressive drugs, to reduce the risk of developing fungal lung diseases.

The symptoms of Pancoast syndrome can vary depending on the location and size of the tumor, but they may include:

* Pain in the shoulder or upper back that can radiate to the arm and hand
* Weakness or numbness in the arm and hand
* Difficulty swallowing or speaking
* Shortness of breath
* Coughing up blood
* Chest pain

Pancoast syndrome is often caused by a tumor that has grown in the apex of the lung, which is the tip of the lung where the superior pulmonary vein enters the heart. The tumor can block the flow of oxygenated blood from the lung to the heart, leading to the symptoms of Pancoast syndrome.

Pancoast syndrome is diagnosed through a combination of imaging tests such as chest X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans, and may also involve a biopsy to confirm the presence of a tumor. Treatment for Pancoast syndrome typically involves surgery to remove the tumor and repair any damage to the pulmonary vein. In some cases, radiation therapy or chemotherapy may also be used to shrink the tumor before surgery.

The prognosis for Pancoast syndrome is generally good if the tumor is detected early and treated effectively. However, if the tumor has spread to other parts of the body, the prognosis may be poorer. It's important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of Pancoast syndrome, as early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes.

Granulomas are formed when the body attempts to wall off foreign substances, such as bacteria or fungi, using a layer of immune cells. In some cases, this accumulation of immune cells can become chronic and lead to the formation of granulomas.

In the case of granuloma lethale midline, the granulomas form along the midline of the body, which can cause a variety of symptoms depending on their location and size. These symptoms may include:

* Swelling or lumps in the affected area
* Pain or tenderness in the affected area
* Difficulty swallowing or breathing (if the granuloma is located near the esophagus or trachea)
* Fever
* Fatigue

Granuloma lethale midline can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

* Infections such as tuberculosis or cat-scratch disease
* Immune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis or Crohn's disease
* Cancer, such as lymphoma

Treatment for granuloma lethale midline depends on the underlying cause of the condition. In some cases, treatment may involve antibiotics or other medications to treat an underlying infection. In other cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the granuloma.

Overall, granuloma lethale midline is a rare and potentially serious condition that requires prompt medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time.

... , formerly known as Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii, is an encapsulated yeast found primarily in ... Cryptococcus gattii has recently been divided into five species. These are C. gattii, C. bacillisporus, C. deuterogattii, C. ... "Recognition of seven species in the Cryptococcus gattii/Cryptococcus neoformans species complex". Fungal Genetics and Biology. ... "Cryptococcus gattii Q&A". The Globe and Mail. 2007-02-10. Kidd, S.E.; F. Hagen; R. L. Tscharke; M. Huynh; K. H. Bartlett; M. ...
... neoformans sensu stricto and Cryptococcus deneoformans. Cryptococcus gattii (formerly C. neoformans var. gattii) ... Cogliati M (2013). "Global Molecular Epidemiology of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii: An Atlas of the Molecular ... 2015). "Recognition of seven species in the Cryptococcus gattii/Cryptococcus neoformans species complex". Fungal Genetics and ... The name Cryptococcus comes from the Greek for "hidden sphere" (literally "hidden berry"). Some Cryptococcus species cause a ...
"Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, the etiologic agents of cryptococcosis". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in ... Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungus that causes cryptococcosis, which can lead to pulmonary infection as well as nervous system ...
IRIS has been described in immunocompetent hosts who have meningitis caused by Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans ... "Paradoxical Inflammatory Reaction during Treatment of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii Meningitis in an HIV-Seronegative ... "Steroid responsive late deterioration in Cryptococcus neoformans variety gattii meningitis". Neurology. 63 (4): 713-714. doi: ... Wiesner, Darin L.; Boulware, David R. (4 August 2011). "Cryptococcus-Related Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS ...
gattii, was later defined as a distinct species, Cryptococcus gattii. The most recent classification system divides these ... "Recognition of seven species in the Cryptococcus gattii/Cryptococcus neoformans species complex". Fungal Genetics and Biology. ... A new species name, Cryptococcus deneoformans, is used for the former C. neoformans var. neoformans. C. gattii is divided into ... Media related to Cryptococcus neoformans at Wikimedia Commons A good overview of Cryptococcus neoformans biology from the ...
Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are significant pathogens of immunocompromised people. They are the species ... Cogliati M (2013). "Global molecular epidemiology of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii: An atlas of the molecular ... O'Meara TR, Alspaugh JA (2012). "The Cryptococcus neoformans capsule: A sword and a shield". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 25 ...
Isolates found in PCC include Cryptococcus neoformans (most common), Cryptococcus gattii, and Cryptococcus laurentii. Prognosis ... It is caused by the fungi Cryptococcus neoformans or less commonly Cryptococcus gattii, and is acquired by breathing in the ... gattii often infects immunocompetent people as well. Cryptococcus (both C. neoformans and C. gattii) is the dominant and ... Cryptococcus (both C. neoformans and C. gattii) plays a common role in pulmonary invasive mycosis seen in adults with HIV and ...
... as well as the expansion of the geographic range of the emerging pathogen Cryptococcus gattii. Joseph Heitman has served as co- ... "Molecular evidence that the range of the Vancouver Island outbreak of Cryptococcus gattii infection has expanded into the ... "Same-sex mating and the origin of the Vancouver Island Cryptococcus gattii outbreak". Nature. 437 (7063): 1360-4. Bibcode: ... "Emergence and pathogenicity of highly virulent Cryptococcus gattii genotypes in the northwest United States". PLOS Pathog. 6 (4 ...
In 2002 a woman died from a fungal infection of Cryptococcus gattii in Vancouver Island. This fungus is normally found in ...
Fungal Cyp51 Inhibitor VT-1129 Demonstrates Potent Activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii". ...
Cryptococcus gattii, and Candida albicans. His research laid the foundation for the current knowledge body about somatic and ...
... towards Cryptococcus gattii L48, Cryptococcus neoformans L3 (MIC=31.2μg/mL), and Cryptococcus sp. D (MIC=62.5μg/mL). Therefore ... were revealed to show activity against Cryptococcus sp. D (minimum inhibitory concentration=15.62μg/mL). It was also revealed ...
Anaplasmosis Aspergillus BK virus Bordetella pertussis Borrelia miyamotoi Clostridium difficile Cryptococcus gattii ...
Cryptococcus gattii is endemic to tropical parts of the continent of Africa and Australia and can cause disease in non- ... The majority of Cryptococcus species live in the soil and do not cause disease in humans. Cryptococcus neoformans is the major ... Lin X, Hull CM, Heitman J (2005). "Sexual reproduction between partners of the same mating type in Cryptococcus neoformans". ... Fan W, Kraus PR, Boily MJ, Heitman J (2005). "Cryptococcus neoformans gene expression during murine macrophage infection". ...
Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. The dimorphic Basidiomycota with yeast stages and the pleiomorphic rusts are ... Cryptococcus neoformans and Ustilago maydis are examples of pathogenic basidiomycota. Such pathogens must be able to overcome ... Lin, X.; Hull, C. M.; Heitman, J. (April 2005). "Sexual reproduction between partners of the same mating type in Cryptococcus ... and Cryptococcus, the human pathogenic yeast. Basidiomycota are filamentous fungi composed of hyphae (except for basidiomycota- ...
The 2014 Ju-Jitsu World Championship were the 12th edition of the Ju-Jitsu World Championships, and were held in Paris, France from November 28 to November 30, 2014. 28.11.2014 - Men's and Women's Fighting System, Men's and Women's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Men's Duo System - Classic 29.11.2014 - Men's and Women's Fighting System, Men's and Women's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Women's Duo System - Classic 30.11.2014 - Men's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Mixed Duo System - Classic, Team event Vincent MATCZAK (2014-09-30). "4TH INVITAION TO WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP 2014" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-11-28.[dead link] Online results Official results (PDF) Mixed team event results (PDF) (All articles with dead external links, Articles with dead external links from April 2022, Ju-Jitsu World Championships, 2014 in French sport ...
Bolley L. "Bo" Johnson (born November 15, 1951) is an American politician from the state of Florida. A member of the Democratic Party, Johnson was a member of the Florida House of Representatives, and served as the Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives. Johnson is from Milton, Florida. His father and grandfather served as county commissioners for Santa Rosa County, Florida. Johnson graduated from Milton High School, and became the first member of his family to attend college. He received his bachelor's degree from Florida State University. Johnson volunteered for Mallory Horne when Horne served as the president of the Florida Senate. At the age of 22, Johnson met Lawton Chiles, then a member of the United States Senate, who hired him as a legislative aide in 1973. Johnson was elected to the Florida House of Representatives, representing the 4th district from November 7, 1978 to November 3, 1992. He also served the 1st district from November 3, 1992 to November 8, 1994. He became the ...
... may refer to: Don't Say No (Billy Squier album), a 1981 album by American rock singer Billy Squier, and its title track Don't Say No (Seohyun EP), a 2016 extended play by South Korean pop singer Seohyun, and its title track "Don't Say No" (Tom Tom Club song), from the 1988 album Boom Boom Chi Boom Boom "Don't Say No", by Robbie Williams from the 2005 album Intensive Care "Don't Say No Tonight", a 1985 single by Eugene Wilde This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Don't Say No. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. (Disambiguation pages with short descriptions, Short description is different from Wikidata, All article disambiguation pages, All disambiguation pages, Disambiguation pages ...
The Dewoitine 37 was the first of a family of 1930s French-built monoplane fighter aircraft. The D.37 was a single-seat aircraft of conventional configuration. Its fixed landing gear used a tailskid. The open cockpit was located slightly aft of the parasol wing. The radial engine allowed for a comparatively wide fuselage and cockpit. Design of this machine was by SAF-Avions Dewoitine but owing to over work at that companies plant at the time, manufacture of the D.37/01 was transferred to Lioré et Olivier. They were high-wing monoplanes of all-metal construction with valve head blisters on their engine cowlings. The first prototype flew in October 1931. Flight testing resulted in the need for multiple revisions in both engine and airframe, so it was February 1934 before the second prototype flew. Its performance prompted the French government to order for 28 for the Armée de l'Air and Aéronavale. The Lithuanian government ordered 14 that remained in service with their Air Force until 1936, ...
The Noor-ul-Ain (Persian: نور العين, lit. 'the light of the eye') is one of the largest pink diamonds in the world, and the centre piece of the tiara of the same name. The diamond is believed to have been recovered from the mines of Golconda, Hyderabad in India. It was first in possession with the nizam Abul Hasan Qutb Shah, later it was given as a peace offering to the Mughal emperor Aurangazeb when he defeated him in a siege. It was brought into the Iranian Imperial collection after the Persian king Nader Shah Afshar looted Delhi in the 18th century.[citation needed] The Noor-ul-Ain is believed to have once formed part of an even larger gem called the Great Table diamond. That larger diamond is thought to have been cut in two, with one section becoming the Noor-ul-Ain and the other the Daria-i-Noor diamond. Both of these pieces are currently part of the Iranian Crown Jewels. The Noor-ul-Ain is the principal diamond mounted in a tiara of the same name made for Iranian Empress Farah ...
The Benoist Land Tractor Type XII was one of the first enclosed cockpit, tractor configuration aircraft built. Benoist used "Model XII" to several aircraft that shared the same basic engine and wing design, but differed in fuselage and control surfaces. The Type XII was a tractor-engined conversion of the model XII headless pusher aircraft that resembled the Curtiss pusher aircraft. Demonstration pilots used Benoist aircraft to demonstrate the first parachute jumps, and the tractor configuration was considered much more suitable for the task. The first example named the "Military Plane" had a small box frame covered fuselage that left the occupants mostly exposed to the wind. The later model XII "Cross Country Plane" had a full fuselage that occupants sat inside of. The first tractor biplane used a wooden fuselage with a small seat on top. The wings were covered with a Goodyear rubberized cloth. The first model XII was built in the spring of 1912. On 1 March 1912, Albert Berry used a headless ...
... (also known as Yalmotx in Qʼanjobʼal) is a town, with a population of 17,166 (2018 census), and a municipality in the Guatemalan department of Huehuetenango. It is situated at 1450 metres above sea level. It covers a terrain of 1,174 km². The annual festival is April 29-May 4. Barillas has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round and extremely heavy rainfall from June to August. Citypopulation.de Population of departments and municipalities in Guatemala Citypopulation.de Population of cities & towns in Guatemala "Climate: Barillas". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved July 26, 2020. Muni in Spanish Website of Santa Cruz Barillas Coordinates: 15°48′05″N 91°18′45″W / 15.8014°N 91.3125°W / 15.8014; -91.3125 v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Articles containing Q'anjob'al-language text, Coordinates on Wikidata, ...
Maria Margaret La Primaudaye Pollen (10 April 1838 - c. 1919), known as Minnie, was a decorative arts collector. As Mrs John Hungerford Pollen, she became known during the early-twentieth century as an authority on the history of textiles, publishing Seven Centuries of Lace in 1908. Maria Margaret La Primaudaye was born into a Huguenot family on 10 April 1838, the third child of the Revd Charles John La Primaudaye, a descendant of Pierre de La Primaudaye. She was educated in Italy. Her family converted to Catholicism in 1851, and it was in Rome that her father met another recent English convert, John Hungerford Pollen, previously an Anglican priest and a decorative artist. She became engaged to Pollen, who was then seventeen years her senior, in the summer of 1854, and was married in the church of Woodchester monastery, near Stroud, Gloucester, on 18 September 1855. The Pollens initially settled in Dublin, where John Hungerford Pollen had been offered the professorship of fine arts at the ...
Ronald Robert Fogleman (born January 27, 1942) is a retired United States Air Force general who served as the 15th Chief of Staff of the Air Force from 1994 to 1997 and as Commanding General of the United States Transportation Command from 1992 to 1994. A 1963 graduate from the United States Air Force Academy, he holds a master's degree in military history and political science from Duke University. A command pilot and a parachutist, he amassed more than 6,800 flying hours in fighter, transport, tanker and rotary wing aircraft. He flew 315 combat missions and logged 806 hours of combat flying in fighter aircraft. Eighty of his missions during the Vietnam War were as a "Misty FAC" in the F-100F Super Sabre at Phù Cát Air Base, South Vietnam between 25 December 1968 and 23 April 1969. Fogleman was shot down in Vietnam in 1968, while piloting an F-100. He was rescued by clinging to an AH-1 Cobra attack helicopter that landed at the crash site. In early assignments he instructed student pilots, ...
Peachtree Street" is a 1950 song co-written and recorded by Frank Sinatra in a duet with Rosemary Clooney. The song was released as a Columbia Records single. Frank Sinatra co-wrote the song with Leni Mason and Jimmy Saunders. Mason composed the music while Sinatra and Saunders wrote the lyrics. The song was arranged by George Siravo The song was released as an A side Columbia 10" 78 single, Catalog Number 38853, Matrix Number CO-43100-1 and as a 7" 33, 1-669. The B side was the re-issued "This Is the Night." Neither of the songs charted. The subject of the song is a stroll down the street in Atlanta, Georgia of the same name. Sinatra originally intended Dinah Shore to sing the duet with him. When Shore declined, Clooney was asked. The song was recorded on April 8, 1950. The song features spoken asides by Sinatra and Clooney. Rosemary Clooney asks: "Say, Frank, you wanna take a walk?" Frank Sinatra replies: "Sure, sweetie, just pick a street." He noted how there were no peach trees on the ...
... is a painting by American illustrator Norman Rockwell that depicts a Boy Scout in full uniform standing in front of a waving American flag. It was originally created by Rockwell in 1942 for the 1944 Brown & Bigelow Boy Scout Calendar. The model, Bob Hamilton, won a contest to be in the painting and personally delivered a print to the Vice President of the United States at the time, Henry A. Wallace. The painting was created to encourage Scouts to participate in the war effort during World War II. The name of the painting, We, Too, Have a Job to Do, comes from a slogan that the Boy Scouts of America used in 1942 to rally scouts to support the troops by collecting metal and planting victory gardens. The model, Bob Hamilton, won a contest with his local council in Albany, New York, to be depicted in the painting. He traveled to Rockwell's studio in Arlington, Vermont, to model for Rockwell. Since Hamilton was a scout, the uniform shown in the painting was his, unlike some ...
At least 33[failed verification] people were killed by a fuel tanker explosion in Tleil, Akkar District, Lebanon on 15 August 2021. The disaster was reportedly exacerbated by the ongoing Lebanese liquidity crisis; in which the Lebanese pound has plummeted and fuel has been in short supply. The survivors were evacuated by the Lebanese Red Cross. An investigation is underway. The fuel tanker had been confiscated by the Lebanese Armed Forces from black marketeers, the fuel was then distributed/taken by the locals. The son of the man whose land the fuel tanker was located on, was later arrested, accused of deliberately causing the explosion. Agencies (2021-08-15). "At least 20 killed and 79 injured in fuel tank explosion in Lebanon". the Guardian. Retrieved 2021-08-15. "Lebanon fuel explosion kills 22 and injures dozens more". The Independent. 2021-08-15. Archived from the original on 2021-08-15. Retrieved 2021-08-15. "Lebanon: At least 20 dead and dozens injured after fuel tank explodes as ...
The Straubing Tigers are a professional men's ice hockey team, based in Straubing, Germany, that competes in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga. Straubing plays its home games at the Eisstadion am Pulverturm, which has a capacity of 5,800 spectators. Promoted to the DEL in 2006, and operating with one of the league's smallest budgets, the team could finish no better than twelfth before the 2011-12 DEL season, when it reached the semi-finals of the playoffs. Their greatest success so far is the qualification for the season 2020-21 of the Champions Hockey League. In 1941, the then 14-year-old Max Pielmaier and his friends Max Pellkofer and Harry Poiger founded the first hockey team in Straubing. The first official game took place on the first of February 1942 in Hof and was lost by a score of 0:1. In the following year there were several games against other Bavarian teams. The game against Landshut on 31 January. 1943 was the last game during the second World War, because the young players also had to ...
Leina is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County in western Estonia. Before the administrative reform in 2017, the village was in Pihtla Parish. "Lisa. Asustusüksuste nimistu" (PDF). haldusreform.fin.ee (in Estonian). Rahandusministeerium. Retrieved 5 December 2017. "Saaremaa külad endiste valdade piires". www.saaremaa.ee (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 3 December 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2017. Coordinates: 58°17′10″N 22°46′26″E / 58.28611°N 22.77389°E / 58.28611; 22.77389 v t e (CS1 Estonian-language sources (et), Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with no map, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Saaremaa Parish, Coordinates on Wikidata, Villages in Saare County, All stub articles, Saare County geography stubs ...
A sestiere (plural: sestieri) is a subdivision of certain Italian towns and cities. The word is from sesto ('sixth'), so it is thus used only for towns divided into six districts. The best-known example is the sestieri of Venice, but Ascoli Piceno, Genoa, Milan and Rapallo, for example, were also divided into sestieri. The medieval Lordship of Negroponte, on the island of Euboea, was also at times divided into six districts, each with a separate ruler, through the arbitration of Venice, which were known as sestieri. The island of Crete, a Venetian colony (the "Kingdom of Candia") from the Fourth Crusade, was also divided into six parts, named after the sestieri of Venice herself, while the capital Candia retained the status of a comune of Venice. The island of Burano north of Venice is also subdivided into sestieri. A variation of the word is occasionally found: the comune of Leonessa, for example, is divided into sesti or sixths. Other Italian towns with fewer than six official districts are ...
Cryptococcus is a genus of fungi, of which two species, Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, cause nearly all human ... Cryptococcus neoformans variety gattii. Med Mycol 2001;39:155--68.. * Fyfe M, MacDougall L, Romney M, et al. Cryptococcus ... Source: Cryptococcus gattii Public Health Working Group.. * Defined as illness occurring on or after January 1, 2004, in a U.S ... Source: Cryptococcus gattii Public Health Working Group.. * Defined as illness occurring on or after January 1, 2004, in a U.S ...
Chow and Sharon Chen as they discuss how to manage Cryptococcus gattii meningitis in immunocompetent patients. ... The Other Cryptococcus: Managing C gattii Meningitis. Felicia C. Chow, MD, MAS; Sharon C. Chen, PhD, MBBS ... Analysis of HLA Association in Susceptibility to Infection With Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii in a Papua New Guinean ... Today were discussing everything you need to know about managing Cryptococcus gattii meningitis in immunocompetent patients ...
Cryptococcus gattii pneumonia Kerri A Johannson et al. CMAJ. 2012. . Free PMC article Show details Display options Display ... Cryptococcus gattii pneumonia Kerri A Johannson 1 , Shaunna M Huston, Christopher H Mody, Warren Davidson ... Isolation of Cryptococcus gattii from feline chronic stage lipoid pneumonia. Newman R, Schaible M. Newman R, et al. Med Mycol ... Cryptococcus gattii Infection Presenting as an Aggressive Lung Mass. Zheng S, Tan TT, Chien JMF. Zheng S, et al. Mycopathologia ...
Infections caused by the emerging pathogen Cryptococcus gattii are increasing in frequency in North America. During the past ... Cryptococcus gattii: where do we go from here? Julie Harris et al. Med Mycol. 2012 Feb. ... Cryptococcus gattii: where do we go from here? Julie Harris 1 , Shawn Lockhart, Tom Chiller ... Cryptococcosis due to Cryptococcus gattii in Germany from 2004-2013. Smith IM, Stephan C, Hogardt M, Klawe C, Tintelnot K, ...
Cryptococcus gattii,/i, on the basis of analysis of six isolates collected from three locations spanning the Central Miombo ... Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, the etiologic agents of cryptococcosis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 4: ... A New Lineage of Cryptococcus gattii (VGV) Discovered in the Central Zambezian Miombo Woodlands Rhys A Farrer 1 2 3 4 , Miwha ... A New Lineage of Cryptococcus gattii (VGV) Discovered in the Central Zambezian Miombo Woodlands Rhys A Farrer et al. mBio. 2019 ...
gattii. Infection and immunity, 1992, 60:1869-74.. *Chen SC et al. Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii infection in northern ... Cryptococcus neoformans variety gattii. Medical mycology, 2001, 39:155-68.. *Chen S et al. Epidemiology and host- and variety- ... Case report: Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii meningitis in Egypt: a case report ... gattii can be differentiated from other cryptococci by analysis of DNA base composition and sequence homology [5]. ...
"Spread of Cryptococcus gattii in British Columbia, Canada, and Detection in the Pacific Northwest, USA" vol. 13, no. 1, 2007. ... "Spread of Cryptococcus gattii in British Columbia, Canada, and Detection in the Pacific Northwest, USA" 13, no. 1 (2007). ... Spread of Cryptococcus gattii in British Columbia, Canada, and Detection in the Pacific Northwest, USA. ... Title : Spread of Cryptococcus gattii in British Columbia, Canada, and Detection in the Pacific Northwest, USA Personal Author( ...
Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are yeasts that cause meningoencephalitis, but that differ in host range and ... Cryptococcus neoformans occurs world-wide and mostly infects immunocompromised patients, whereas C. gattii occurs mainly in ( ... gattii) were present. The strains were serologically BD. Mating- and serotype-specific PCR reactions showed that the strains ...
... gattii) case definitions; uniform criteria used to define a disease for public health surveillance. ...
Criptococose; Cryptococcus gattii; Cryptococcus neoformans; Humanos; Masculino; Feminino; Animais; Antifúngicos/farmacologia; ... Molecular typing and antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii species ... Cryptococcus neoformans / Cryptococcus gattii Tipo de estudo: Estudo prognóstico / Estudo de rastreamento Limite: Animais / ... Cryptococcus neoformans / Cryptococcus gattii Tipo de estudo: Estudo prognóstico / Estudo de rastreamento Limite: Animais / ...
... deadly Cryptococcus gattii fungus has been discovered in the United States, a new study says. The outbreak has already killed ... news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/04/100421-new-fungus-cryptococcus-gattii-deadly-health-science/",reports: A new strain of ... six people in Oregon, and it will likely creep into northern California and possibly farther, experts say... Cryptococcus ...
Cryptococcus gattii and C. neoformans multiple, ABSL2, aerosol. *SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, all notable variants and mouse adapted ...
Cryptococcosis is infection with the fungi Cryptococcus neoformans or Cryptococcus gattii. ... Cryptococcosis (Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii). In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, ... C gattii may affect people with normal immune system.. C neoformans is the most common life-threatening cause of fungal ... Cryptococcus is the most common fungus that causes serious infection worldwide.. Both types of fungi are found in soil. If you ...
Cryptococcus gattii Emergence of Cryptococcus gattii in the Pacific Northwest ... Cryptococcus gattii. *Emergence of Cryptococcus gattii in the Pacific Northwest, CDC MMWR, July 2010 ...
Cryptococcosis is infection with the fungi Cryptococcus neoformans or Cryptococcus gattii. ... Cryptococcosis (Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii). In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, ... C gattii may affect people with normal immune system.. C neoformans is the most common life-threatening cause of fungal ... Cryptococcus is the most common fungus that causes serious infection worldwide.. Both types of fungi are found in soil. If you ...
Firacative C, Meyer W, Castañeda E. Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii species complexes in Latin America: a map ... Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii species complexes in Latin America: a map of molecular types, genotypic ... Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii species complexes in Latin America: a map of molecular types, genotypic ... Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii species complexes in Latin America: a map of molecular types, genotypic ...
Cryptococcus gattii (Xu et al., 2009), Agaricus bisporus (Xu et al., 2013) and recently, Thelephora ganbajun (Wang et al., 2017 ... and recombination in the mitochondrial genome of the human pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus gattii. Mol. Ecol. 18, 2628-2642. doi ... Wang, Y., and Xu, J. (2020). Mitochondrial genome polymorphisms in the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. Front. ... However, in the human yeast pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans, heteroplasmy is only found in the zygotes when sex-determining ...
Autochthonous and Dormant Cryptococcus gattii Infections in Europe [PDF - 217 KB - 7 pages] F. Hagen et al. View Abstract. Cite ... Autochthonous and Dormant Cryptococcus gattii Infections in Europe. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2012;18(10):1618-1624. doi: ... Until recently, Cryptococcus gattii infections occurred mainly in tropical and subtropical climate zones. However, during the ... Autochthonous and Dormant Cryptococcus gattii Infections in Europe. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18(10):1618-1624. https://doi.org/ ...
Pancoasts syndrome due to pulmonary infection with Cryptococcus neoformans variety gattii. Clin Infect Dis. 1992 May. 14(5): ...
Thiazole compounds with activity against Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans in vitro.. Pereira de Sá N; Lino CI; ... 5. Pyrifenox, an ergosterol inhibitor, differentially affects Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii.. Silva VKA; May ... Susceptibility profile of clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii in Uberaba, ... Antifungal susceptibility of clinical and environmental Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii isolates in Jabalpur, a ...
Pulmonary Iron Limitation Induced by Exogenous Type I IFN Protects Mice from Cryptococcus gattii Independently of T Cells.. ... Molecular mechanisms of hypoxic responses via unique roles of Ras1, Cdc24 and Ptp3 in a human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus ...
BACKGROUND: Cryptococcosis due to Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii varies with geographic region, populations ... Cryptococcus gattii infectionsexternal icon. Baddley JW, Chen SC, Huisingh C, Benedict K, DeBess EE, Galanis E, Jackson BR, ... Time to diagnosis was prolonged in C. gattii patients compared with C. neoformans (mean 52.2 vs 36.0 days; p,0.003) and there ... Pulmonary infection was more common in patients with C. gattii than those with C. neoformans (60.7% vs 32.1%; p,0.0001). CNS or ...
Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,, the Etiologic Agents of Cryptococcosis. Kyung J. Kwon-Chung, James A. Fraser ... Specific chapters are devoted to the major disease-causing fungi, such as Candida, Aspergillus, and Cryptococcus species. The ... Treatment Principles for Candida and Cryptococcus. Laura C. Whitney and Tihana Bicanic. Antifungal Clinical Trials and ...
The Other Cryptococcus: Managing C gattii Meningitis Tools. *Drug Interaction Checker. *Pill Identifier ...
a long term follow-up study of patients treated for Cryptococcus gattii, an airborne fungus that can cause severe, sometimes ...
A species of the fungus CRYPTOCOCCUS. Its teleomorph is Filobasidiella bacillispora.. Terms. Cryptococcus gattii Preferred Term ... Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii Registry Number. txid37769. Previous Indexing. Cryptococcus (2004-2009). Public MeSH Note. ... Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii Term UI T730454. Date11/20/2008. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (2010). ... Cryptococcus gattii. Tree Number(s). B01.300.381.258.300. B01.300.930.316.300. Unique ID. D056285. RDF Unique Identifier. http ...
Cryptococcus gattiis ecological niche modeling, genetic profiling and source tracking in people living with HIV ...
Profiles Elucidate Differential Host Responses to Infection with Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii." J Fungi ( ...
  • While most disease is caused by Cryptococcus neoformans , Cryptococcus gattii , a genotypically and phenotypically distinct species, is responsible for 11-33% of global cases of cryptococcosis. (nih.gov)
  • In terms of cryptococcosis , we will see maybe five to eight cases a year, of which half will be due to C gattii and the other half due to C neoformans . (medscape.com)
  • Distribution of survey respondents who have seen any patient(s) with cryptococcosis during the past year and who have ever treated a patient with Cryptococcus gatti infection, Emerging Infections Network survey, March-February 2011. (cdc.gov)
  • Cryptococcosis is a fungal disease caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. (nih.gov)
  • Cryptococcosis: update and emergence of Cryptococcus gattii. (nih.gov)
  • Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii species complexes (phylum Basidiomycota ) are environmental yeasts and are the main cause of human cryptococcosis worldwide. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cryptococcosis is infection with the fungi Cryptococcus neoformans or Cryptococcus gattii . (nih.gov)
  • Perfect JR. Cryptococcosis ( Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii ). (nih.gov)
  • Cryptococcosis, a potentially fatal mycosis, is caused by members of the Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii species complexes. (urosario.edu.co)
  • Analysis of publicly available molecular data from 5686 clinical, environmental, and veterinary cryptococcal isolates from member countries of the Latin American Cryptococcal Study Group showed that, as worldwide, C. neoformans molecular type VNI is the most common cause of cryptococcosis (76.01%) in HIV-infected people, followed by C. gattii molecular type VGII (12.37%), affecting mostly otherwise healthy hosts. (urosario.edu.co)
  • Cryptococcus gattii was considered a tropical fungus primarily found in places like Brazil, New Guinea and Australia, but it was found to be the cause of the Pacific Northwest Outbreak of Cryptococcosis in the US and Canada which began in 1999 and has seen hundreds of humans and animals being infected. (news-medical.net)
  • Four years ago the University of Birmingham carried out research which demonstrated that the high virulence of this Cryptococcosis gattii strain results from its remarkable ability to grow rapidly within human white blood cells which relies on a unique 'division of labor' mechanism within the infection. (news-medical.net)
  • The Cryptococcus neoformans/C. gattii species complex members are the main agents of systemic cryptococcosis. (unl.pt)
  • Cryptococcus , a genus of yeast-like fungi, is the etiologic agent of cryptococcosis. (mhmedical.com)
  • Until recently, cryptococcal strains were separated into two species, Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii , both of which can cause cryptococcosis in humans. (mhmedical.com)
  • The geographic distribution of C. gattii was thought to be largely limited to tropical regions until an outbreak of cryptococcosis caused by a new serotype B strain began in Vancouver in 1999. (mhmedical.com)
  • Today we're discussing everything you need to know about managing Cryptococcus gattii meningitis in immunocompetent patients with Dr Sharon Chen. (medscape.com)
  • I'm so delighted to have you join us to talk about C gattii meningitis . (medscape.com)
  • Where I see patients here in San Francisco, California, we have really seen an uptick in the number of patients presenting with C gattii meningitis. (medscape.com)
  • It has blown me away in terms of how different these patients can be compared with patients with HIV or even transplant patients presenting with Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis and also how challenging it has been to take care of some of these patients. (medscape.com)
  • Maybe you could start, Dr Chen, by telling us a little bit about the practice setting in which you work and how frequently patients with C gattii meningitis are seen in your hospital and in your clinics. (medscape.com)
  • Although C gattii meningitis is an interest of mine and the interest of many of my colleagues, we do see C neoformans meningitis, as well. (medscape.com)
  • Can you speak a little bit first about the typical patient who is infected with C gattii , which patients present with C gattii meningitis, and then some of the risk factors for C gattii infection? (medscape.com)
  • The typical patient with C gattii meningitis is not someone living with HIV and probably not someone with an organ transplant, although we do see organ transplant patients infected with C gattii . (medscape.com)
  • Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast ubiquitous in nature which, when it infects humans, typically causes pulmonary disease and occasionally meningitis [1]. (who.int)
  • Christopher Uejio] C. gattii usually infects the lungs or the central nervous system (the brain and the spinal cord), causing diseases like pneumonia and meningitis, but it can also affect other parts of the body. (cdc.gov)
  • 9. Antifungal susceptibilities of Cryptococcus neoformans cerebrospinal fluid isolates and clinical outcomes of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-infected patients with/without fluconazole prophylaxis. (nih.gov)
  • 14. [Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis in patients with AIDS at the Saint Thomas Hospital]. (nih.gov)
  • gattii meningitis in an HIV-positive patient: first observation in the United Kingdom. (nih.gov)
  • Christopher Uejio] Cryptococcus gattii is a fungus that can cause illness in humans and animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Cryptococcus is a genus of fungi, of which two species, Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, cause nearly all human and animal cryptococcal infections. (cdc.gov)
  • C neoformans and C gattii are the fungi that cause this disease. (nih.gov)
  • 17. Identification and properties of plasma membrane azole efflux pumps from the pathogenic fungi Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans. (nih.gov)
  • Specific chapters are devoted to the major disease-causing fungi, such as Candida, Aspergillus, and Cryptococcus species. (cshlpress.com)
  • CM is caused by inhalation of the etiologic agents Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gatii, encapsulated fungi found in the environment, bird feces, and decaying wood. (emdocs.net)
  • Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gatti are fungi characterized by their high virulence and ability to cross the blood-brain-barrier, rapid antigenic variation in their polysaccharide capsule to evade host defenses, and environmentally stable spore form. (emdocs.net)
  • Molecular typing and antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii species complexes from the National Invasive Fungal Surveillance Network of Uruguay. (bvsalud.org)
  • We obtained and analyzed 116 C. neoformans/C. gattii species complexes isolates from the Public Health Surveillance Laboratory between 2008-2013 and 2017-2021 (C. gattii species complex = 1 and C. neoformans species complex = 115). (bvsalud.org)
  • the C. gattii species complex isolates comprised one VGII. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2. In vitro susceptibilities of Malaysian clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. (nih.gov)
  • 4. Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii isolates from both HIV-infected and uninfected patients: antifungal susceptibility and outcome of cryptococcal disease. (nih.gov)
  • 5. Molecular epidemiology and in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of 108 clinical Cryptococcus neoformans sensu lato and Cryptococcus gattii sensu lato isolates from Denmark. (nih.gov)
  • 6. Antifungal susceptibility of clinical and environmental Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii isolates in Jabalpur, a city of Madhya Pradesh in Central India. (nih.gov)
  • 9. In vitro antifungal susceptibility profiles and genotypes of 308 clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. (nih.gov)
  • 13. In vitro susceptibility of Cryptococcus gattii clinical isolates. (nih.gov)
  • 16. Molecular typing, in vitro susceptibility and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii species complex clinical isolates from south-eastern Brazil. (nih.gov)
  • Cryptococcus gattii was also not found although some isolates yielded a positive canavanine-glycine-bromothymol blue test. (unl.pt)
  • C. gattii , although not divided into varieties, also is antigenically diverse, encompassing serotypes B and C. However, genome sequencing studies have now revealed tremendous diversity among isolates previously assigned to each species, suggesting that some may be reclassified as new species. (mhmedical.com)
  • Most clinical microbiology laboratories do not routinely distinguish between C. neoformans and C. gattii or among varieties, but rather identify and report all isolates simply as C. neoformans . (mhmedical.com)
  • Multilocus sequence typing subcategorizes C. gattii into four genotypes: VGI, VGII, VGIII, and VGIV. (cdc.gov)
  • Although VGII is the genotype most commonly associated with the outbreak in the United States and British Columbia, it is uncommon in other C. gattii --endemic parts of the world, where VGI is isolated most frequently ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • 12. Comparative antifungal susceptibility analyses of Cryptococcus neoformans VNI and Cryptococcus gattii VGII from the Brazilian Amazon Region by the Etest, Vitek 2, and the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution methods. (nih.gov)
  • 14. In vitro susceptibility testing of amphotericin B for Cryptococcus neoformans variety grubii AFLP1/VNI and Cryptococcus gattii AFLP6/VGII by CLSI and flow cytometry. (nih.gov)
  • The World Health Organization's recently released Fungal Priority Pathogen List classified C. gattii as a medium-priority pathogen due to the lack of effective therapies and robust clinical and epidemiological data. (nih.gov)
  • Infections caused by the emerging pathogen Cryptococcus gattii are increasing in frequency in North America. (nih.gov)
  • Cryptococcus gattii in the United States: clinical aspects of infection with an emerging pathogen. (nih.gov)
  • 10. In vitro and in vivo antifungal activities of T-2307, a novel arylamidine, against Cryptococcus gattii: an emerging fungal pathogen. (nih.gov)
  • Cryptococcus species are a major cause of life-threatening infections in immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts. (nih.gov)
  • This narrative review summarizes the latest research on the taxonomy, epidemiology, pathogenesis, laboratory testing, and management of C. gattii infections. (nih.gov)
  • The two human infections reported from Oregon in 2004 and 2005 were from C. gattii subtypes VGIIa and VGIIc ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Autochthonous and dormant Cryptococcus gattii infections in Europe. (nih.gov)
  • gattii has been more frequently associated with disease in tropical and subtropical areas, infections throughout the world, including the United States and Europe, have been reported [3,4]. (who.int)
  • The effects of recent climate change are already evident in the northward presence of Vibrio vulnificus infecting oysters in Prince William Sound, the tropical Cryptococcus gattii fungal infections in the Pacific Northwest, expansion of tick-borne encephalitis in Sweden, and suggestions of shorter respiratory syncytial virus seasons in the United Kingdom. (cdc.gov)
  • This outbreak has extended into the United States, and C. gattii infections are being encountered increasingly in several states in the Pacific Northwest. (mhmedical.com)
  • In 2008, in response to the emergence of C. gattii in the United States, CDC, state and local public health authorities, and the British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC) formed the Cryptococcus gattii Public Health Working Group ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • grubii and Cryptococcus gattii to five antifungal drugs. (nih.gov)
  • 8. Antifungal susceptibility testing with YeastONE™ is not predictive of clinical outcomes of Cryptococcus neoformans var. (nih.gov)
  • 11. Antifungal susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans to amphotericin B and fluconazole. (nih.gov)
  • Physicians should consider C. gattii as a possible etiology of a cryptococcal infection among persons living in or traveling to the Pacific Northwest or traveling to other C. gattii --endemic areas. (cdc.gov)
  • Infection with C gattii has mainly been seen in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, British Columbia in Canada, Southeast Asia, and Australia. (nih.gov)
  • However, one strain of the fungus - known as the Pacific Northwest strain of Cryptococcus gattii - has gained the ability to infect otherwise healthy individuals. (news-medical.net)
  • Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are yeasts that cause meningoencephalitis, but that differ in host range and geographical distribution. (pasteur.fr)
  • After inhalation, Cryptococci colonize the lung parenchyma and in some patients, remain asymptomatic for prolonged periods. (emdocs.net)
  • 1 Despite high rates of antibody prevalence, Cryptococci primarily cause disease in immunocompromised hosts, but rarely lead to severe disease in immunocompetent patients. (emdocs.net)
  • In contrast, C. gattii -related disease is not associated with specific immune deficits and often occurs in immunocompetent individuals. (mhmedical.com)
  • In contrast, C. gattii is not found in bird feces. (mhmedical.com)
  • gattii (serotypes B and C) [2]. (who.int)
  • Cryptococcus neoformans occurs world-wide and mostly infects immunocompromised patients, whereas C. gattii occurs mainly in (sub)tropical regions and infects healthy individuals. (pasteur.fr)
  • Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and sequence analyses indicated that AFLP genotypes 2 (C. neoformans) and 4 (C. gattii) were present. (pasteur.fr)
  • 3. Adaptation to Fluconazole via Aneuploidy Enables Cross-Adaptation to Amphotericin B and Flucytosine in Cryptococcus neoformans. (nih.gov)
  • Sarah Gregory] Vancouver Island, Canada, reports the world's highest incidence of Cryptococcus gattii infection among humans and animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Among 45 patients with known outcomes, nine (20%) died because of C. gattii infection, and six (13%) died with C. gattii infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Whereas C. neoformans primarily affects persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) worldwide, C. gattii primarily affects HIV-uninfected persons in tropical and subtropical regions ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Case report forms are completed after a patient isolate is confirmed as C. gattii at CDC. (cdc.gov)
  • In early 2006, a resident of Orcas Island, Washington, developed C. gattii VGIIa infection with a strain indistinguishable from the British Columbia VGIIa strain ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In December 2004, a case of human C. gattii infection was reported in Oregon, associated with an outbreak on Vancouver Island and in mainland British Columbia, Canada ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • During 1999, C. gattii began appearing in animals and humans on Vancouver Island and, beginning in 2004, among mainland British Columbia residents who had no exposure to Vancouver Island ( 2,4 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Studies on Vancouver Island found C. gattii spores in the environment, often in association with trees and soil ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Neither patient had traveled to Vancouver Island or any other known C. gattii --endemic area. (cdc.gov)
  • Christopher Uejio] Vancouver Island reports the highest rates of new human and animal C. gattii cases in the world, so the goal of our study was to determine how climate influences the presence of the C. gattii in the environment. (cdc.gov)
  • Christopher Uejio] C. gattii prefers to live in specific ecological areas, and the climate and geography of Vancouver Island may provide just the right conditions for C. gattii to thrive. (cdc.gov)
  • Among 52 patients for whom travel history was known, 46 (88%) said they had not traveled to British Columbia or any other C. gattii --endemic areas, suggesting they acquired the infection locally. (cdc.gov)
  • But with the C gattii patients we've seen - and as I said, we're seeing a lot more of them in the recent years - I have been struck by how differently these patients can present and how different their disease course can be. (medscape.com)
  • People who are older, smoke, take medications that suppress the immune system, or have pre-existing health problems are more vulnerable to disease from C. gattii . (cdc.gov)
  • gattii serotype (B) from Egypt, in a patient positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (who.int)
  • We assessed the occurrence of C. neoformans and C. gattii in environmental substrates collected in a Portuguese region. (unl.pt)
  • C gattii may affect people with normal immune system. (nih.gov)
  • Air and tree samples contained higher C. gattii levels on sunny, compared to cloudy, periods. (cdc.gov)
  • Mating- and serotype-specific PCR reactions showed that the strains were MATa-serotype D/MATalpha-serotype B. This study is the first to describe naturally occurring hybrids between C. neoformans and C. gattii. (pasteur.fr)
  • Some researchers speculate that changing climate could have allowed C. gattii already present in the environment to emerge and expand. (cdc.gov)
  • A second C. gattii case was reported in Oregon in 2005, and 12 more cases were reported in 2006 and 2007. (cdc.gov)
  • Reported case-fatality rates either from or with C. gattii infection was 9% ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In terms of the risk factors for C gattii infection, that's a difficult question to answer because there are few case control studies. (medscape.com)
  • Case report: Cryptococcus neoformans var. (who.int)
  • Fungal medicines are prescribed for people infected with cryptococcus. (nih.gov)
  • Christopher Uejio] People and animals living in areas with Cryptococcus gattii breathe in the microscopic fungus. (cdc.gov)
  • This study provides additional information for the analysis of C. neoformans/C. gattii species complexes dynamics in the South American temperate region. (bvsalud.org)
  • The findings provide additional information for analyzing the Cryptococcusneoformans/C. gattii species complexes in the South American temperate region. (bvsalud.org)

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