Cryoglobulinemia. Medical search

A condition characterized by the presence of abnormal quantities of CRYOGLOBULINS in the blood. Upon cold exposure, these abnormal proteins precipitate into the microvasculature leading to restricted blood flow in the exposed areas.

Abnormal immunoglobulins, especially IGG or IGM, that precipitate spontaneously when SERUM is cooled below 37 degrees Celsius. It is characteristic of CRYOGLOBULINEMIA.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by contaminated blood parenterally, and is often associated with transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.

Antibodies found in adult RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS patients that are directed against GAMMA-CHAIN IMMUNOGLOBULINS.

Atypical gamma immunoglobulins characterized by their irreversible heat denaturation at 56-degrees C. Pyroprecipitation is inhibited at pH below 3 and above 9. The presence of pyroglobulins in the serum is the cause of pyroglobulinemia. They are frequently present in multiple myeloma and the pyroglobulin precipitate binds complement, reacts with rheumatoid factor, produces passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, generalized passive anaphylaxis and passive Arthus-type phenomena.

Chronic glomerulonephritis characterized histologically by proliferation of MESANGIAL CELLS, increase in the MESANGIAL EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX, and a thickening of the glomerular capillary walls. This may appear as a primary disorder or secondary to other diseases including infections and autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Various subtypes are classified by their abnormal ultrastructures and immune deposits. Hypocomplementemia is a characteristic feature of all types of MPGN.

Procedure whereby plasma is separated and extracted from anticoagulated whole blood and the red cells retransfused to the donor. Plasmapheresis is also employed for therapeutic use.

Inflammation of any one of the blood vessels, including the ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.

A genus of FLAVIVIRIDAE causing parenterally-transmitted HEPATITIS C which is associated with transfusions and drug abuse. Hepatitis C virus is the type species.

A group of related diseases characterized by an unbalanced or disproportionate proliferation of immunoglobulin-producing cells, usually from a single clone. These cells frequently secrete a structurally homogeneous immunoglobulin (M-component) and/or an abnormal immunoglobulin.

A form of necrotizing non-granulomatous inflammation occurring primarily in medium-sized ARTERIES, often with microaneurysms. It is characterized by muscle, joint, and abdominal pain resulting from arterial infarction and scarring in affected organs. Polyarteritis nodosa with lung involvement is called CHURG-STRAUSS SYNDROME.

ENDOCARDIUM infection that is usually caused by STREPTOCOCCUS. Subacute infective endocarditis evolves over weeks and months with modest toxicity and rare metastatic infection.

Disorder characterized by a vasculitic syndrome associated with exposure to an antigen such as a drug, infectious agent, or other foreign or endogenous substance. Its pathophysiology includes immune complex deposition and a wide range of skin lesions. Hypersensitivity or allergy is present in some but not all cases.

Diseases of multiple peripheral nerves simultaneously. Polyneuropathies usually are characterized by symmetrical, bilateral distal motor and sensory impairment with a graded increase in severity distally. The pathological processes affecting peripheral nerves include degeneration of the axon, myelin or both. The various forms of polyneuropathy are categorized by the type of nerve affected (e.g., sensory, motor, or autonomic), by the distribution of nerve injury (e.g., distal vs. proximal), by nerve component primarily affected (e.g., demyelinating vs. axonal), by etiology, or by pattern of inheritance.

One of the type I interferons produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells. In addition to antiviral activity, it activates NATURAL KILLER CELLS and B-LYMPHOCYTES, and down-regulates VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR expression through PI-3 KINASE and MAPK KINASES signaling pathways.

Antibodies obtained from a single clone of cells grown in mice or rats.

A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally being called a macroglobulin.

Abnormal immunoglobulins synthesized by atypical cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. Paraproteins containing only light chains lead to Bence Jones paraproteinemia, while the presence of only atypical heavy chains leads to heavy chain disease. Most of the paraproteins show themselves as an M-component (monoclonal gammopathy) in electrophoresis. Diclonal and polyclonal paraproteins are much less frequently encountered.

Disorders characterized by proliferation of lymphoid tissue, general or unspecified.

Group of diseases mediated by the deposition of large soluble complexes of antigen and antibody with resultant damage to tissue. Besides SERUM SICKNESS and the ARTHUS REACTION, evidence supports a pathogenic role for immune complexes in many other IMMUNE SYSTEM DISEASES including GLOMERULONEPHRITIS, systemic lupus erythematosus (LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC) and POLYARTERITIS NODOSA.

A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity.

A nucleoside antimetabolite antiviral agent that blocks nucleic acid synthesis and is used against both RNA and DNA viruses.

Acquired hemolytic anemia due to the presence of AUTOANTIBODIES which agglutinate or lyse the patient's own RED BLOOD CELLS.

Immunoglobulins raised by any form of viral hepatitis; some of these antibodies are used to diagnose the specific kind of hepatitis.

Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation.

A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes.

Antibodies to the HEPATITIS C ANTIGENS including antibodies to envelope, core, and non-structural proteins.

Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation, cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA; PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.

Proteins that are present in blood serum, including SERUM ALBUMIN; BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS; and many other types of proteins.

The formation of a solid in a solution as a result of a chemical reaction or the aggregation of soluble substances into complexes large enough to fall out of solution.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

Colloids with a solid continuous phase and liquid as the dispersed phase; gels may be unstable when, due to temperature or other cause, the solid phase liquefies; the resulting colloid is called a sol.

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

Hospitals organized and controlled by a group of physicians who practice together and provide each other with mutual support.

A bibliographic database that includes MEDLINE as its primary subset. It is produced by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), part of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. PubMed, which is searchable through NLM's Web site, also includes access to additional citations to selected life sciences journals not in MEDLINE, and links to other resources such as the full-text of articles at participating publishers' Web sites, NCBI's molecular biology databases, and PubMed Central.

Pathological processes of the LIVER.

A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals.

It is a form of protection provided by law. In the United States this protection is granted to authors of original works of authorship, including literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works. This protection is available to both published and unpublished works. (from Circular of the United States Copyright Office, 6/30/2008)

Sequential operating programs and data which instruct the functioning of a digital computer.

The legal authority or formal permission from authorities to carry on certain activities which by law or regulation require such permission. It may be applied to licensure of institutions as well as individuals.

Duties that are based in ETHICS, rather than in law.

Conferences, conventions or formal meetings usually attended by delegates representing a special field of interest.

Cryoglobulinaemia and rheumatic manifestations in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. (1/282)

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association of cryoglobulinaemia and rheumatic manifestations in Korean patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. METHODS: Forty nine Korean patients with HCV infection were recruited. The prevalence, concentration, and type of cryoglobulin (by immunofixation), rheumatoid factor (RF), antinuclear antibody (ANA), and various rheumatological symptoms were investigated and HCV genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction with genotype specific primer. RESULTS: The prevalence of cryoglobulin was 59% in Korean HCV patients and the concentration of cryoglobulin was 9.8 (7.9) g/l (mean (SD)). The type of cryoglobulinaemia was identified in 23 (80%) of 29 HCV patients with cryoglobulinaemia and they were all type III. There were no differences in age, sex, history of operation and transfusion, proportion of liver cirrhosis between the patients with cryoglobulinaemia and those without cryoglobulinaemia. The frequencies of RF and ANA were 14% and 3.4% respectively in HCV patients with cryoglobulinaemia. There was no difference in HCV genotype between the patients with cryoglobulinaemia and those without cryoglobulinaemia. Clinical features of HCV patients were as follows: arthralgia/arthritis (35%), cutaneous manifestation (37%), Raynaud's phenomenon (8%), paresthesia (44%), dry eyes (22%), dry mouth (10%), oral ulcer (33%), and abdominal pain (14%). However, these rheumatological symptoms did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Although the rheumatological symptoms were not different between HCV patients with and without cryoglobulinaemia, HCV patients showed various rheumatological manifestations. These result suggests that HCV infection could be included as one of the causes in patients with unexplained rheumatological symptoms. (+info)

Interferon-alpha may exacerbate cryoblobulinemia-related ischemic manifestations: an adverse effect potentially related to its anti-angiogenic activity. (2/282)

The discovery of the strong association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and the development of mixed cryoglobulinemia has motivated active testing of antiviral-directed alternative therapies. Several trials have demonstrated that classic cryoglobulinemia-associated manifestations improve with interferon-alpha (IFNalpha) treatment. Herein we report on 3 HCV-infected patients with severe cryoglobulinemia-related ischemic manifestations who were closely followed up during IFNalpha therapy. Clinical evaluations with special attention to ischemic lesions, liver function tests, and cryocrit determinations were serially performed. In addition to prednisone and immunosuppressive agents, the patients received IFNalpha at 3 x 10(6) units, 3 times per week for 2 months, 3 months, and 4 months, respectively. In all 3 patients, systemic features improved, liver function results returned to normal, and cryocrit values decreased. However, ischemic lesions became less vascularized and ischemia progressed, leading to transmetatarsal and subcondylar amputation, respectively, in 2 of the patients and fingertip necrosis and ulcer enlargement in the third. Skin biopsies performed before IFNalpha therapy and after 2 months of IFNalpha therapy in the third patient showed a significant decrease in subepidermal microvessels. When IFNalpha was discontinued, the lesions finally healed. Cryoglobulinemia-related ischemic lesions may worsen during IFNalpha treatment, presumably through a decrease in inflammation-induced angiogenesis. The anti-angiogenic activity of IFNalpha may delay the appropriate healing of ischemic lesions. (+info)

Response to interferon alpha treatment and disappearance of cryoglobulinaemia in patients infected by hepatitis C virus. (3/282)

BACKGROUND: Mixed cryoglobulinaemia is closely associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. AIM: To assess in a prospective open study the efficiency of interferon alpha treatment of cryoglobulinaemia, as reflected by the disappearance of cryoglobulins and clinical manifestations of the disease, and to analyse the factors predictive of a response to interferon. METHOD: Eighty seven consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis C treated for the first time with interferon at a dose of 3 x 10(6) international units three times a week for six months were studied. Forty three patients had cryoglobulins, which were responsible for clinical manifestations in 12. RESULTS: At the end of interferon treatment, cryoglobulins had disappeared in 39% of the patients. A clinical improvement (except for neuropathies) was observed in all patients. Six months after interferon treatment was stopped, the same rate of response (normal alanine aminotransferase values and undectable HCV RNA) was observed in patients with or without cryoglobulins. Only 14% of patients still had undetectable cryoglobulins, and all of them also had undetectable serum HCV RNA. The disappearance of cryoglobulins was found less frequently in patients with clinical symptoms than in asymptomatic ones, but the difference was not significant. Sustained responders were more often men, infected by genotype 2 or 3, with a lower pretreatment viral load. CONCLUSION: The presence of cryoglobulins does not seem to affect the response to interferon in HCV infected patients. The improvement in cryoglobulinaemia is strongly associated with a virological response, reinforcing the hypothesis of a direct role for HCV in the pathogenesis of this disease. (+info)

Sustained response to interferon-alpha or to interferon-alpha plus ribavirin in hepatitis C virus-associated symptomatic mixed cryoglobulinaemia. (4/282)

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been associated with mixed cryoglobulinaemia. AIM: To investigate the efficacy of anti-viral therapy on the eradication of HCV and its clinical manifestations in patients with HCV-associated symptomatic mixed cryoglobulinaemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 18 out of 32 patients with symptomatic mixed cryoglobulinaemia (MC group) received a 12-month course of interferon (3 MU three times a week, subcutaneously). Nonresponders or relapsers to this therapy were treated with interferon plus ribavirin (1200 mg/day, orally) for 12-months. 226 patients with HCV infection and without cryoglobulins were studied in comparison (Hepatitis C group). Serial quantification of serum HCV-RNA and cryoglobulins were performed. RESULTS: In the MC group, 10 out of 18 patients (55%) receiving interferon showed an end of treatment response, but at the end of follow-up, only five (28%) patients had a sustained response. In the hepatitis C group, 91 patients (47%) showed an end of treatment response but only 42 (20%) a sustained response. In the MC group alanine transaminase, cryocrit and rheumatoid factor decreased significantly in responders, with an improvement or disappearance of the MC-associated clinical manifestations. Alanine transaminase, cryocrit and rheumatoid factor increased in the relapsers and the clinical manifestations reappeared. Nonresponders and relapsers to interferon in the MC group were retreated with interferon plus ribavirin. Five out of eight nonresponders showed a end of treatment response but it was sustained in three of them. In the relapsers, treatment with combined therapy achieved a sustained response in four out of the five patients (80%). CONCLUSIONS: Interferon as monotherapy or combined with ribavirin is a safe and effective treatment in patients with HCV-associated MC. The presence of cryoglobulins does not affect the response to anti-viral treatment in patients with HCV infection. The eradication of HCV is associated with an improvement or disappearance of MC-associated clinical manifestations. (+info)

Hepatitis C virus but not GB virus C/hepatitis G virus has a role in type II cryoglobulinemia. (5/282)

OBJECTIVE: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with type II cryoglobulinemia. HCV is specifically concentrated in type II cryoglobulins and has been implicated in the cutaneous vasculitis associated with the disease. In contrast to HCV, a role for hepatitis G virus (HGV) in type II cryoglobulinemia has not been defined, although prevalences as high as 43% of HGV infections in type II cryoglobulinemia have also been reported. METHODS: We studied 34 patients with type II and 29 patients with type III cryoglobulinemia associated with HCV infection, 6 patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (EMC; all with type II), 50 hospital control patients, and 125 normal individuals. Serum HCV and HGV RNA were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In coinfected sera, HCV and HGV were quantitated by competitive RT-PCR assays. One coinfected patient was studied longitudinally for 6 years. RESULTS: Two (5.9%) of 34 patients with HCV-infected type II cryoglobulinemia, none of 29 patients with type III cryoglobulinemia, and none of 6 patients with EMC were positive for HGV RNA, for an overall prevalence of 3.0% in mixed cryoglobulinemia. None of the control populations were positive for HGV. No statistical difference was seen between the prevalence in patients with type II cryoglobulinemia and the other populations studied. In coinfected sera, HCV, but not HGV, was concentrated in cryoglobulins, and HCV, but not HGV, correlated with cryoglobulinemia in a longitudinal study. CONCLUSION: There is a low prevalence of coinfection with HGV in patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia and HCV infection in the United States. HCV is selectively precipitated by type II cryoglobulins in coinfected sera. HGV infection does not appear to have a role in mixed cryoglobulinemia. (+info)

Mixed cryoglobulinemia secondary to visceral Leishmaniasis. (6/282)

We describe a case of type II mixed cryoglobulinemia, with monoclonal IgMkappa rheumatoid factor, associated with visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum. Involvement of Leishmania antigen(s) in the formation of cryoprecipitable immune complexes was suggested by the fact that cryoglobulinemic vasculitis subsided after antiparasite therapy and that anti-Leishmania antibodies, as well as rheumatoid factor, were enriched in the cryoprecipitate. We observed 2 additional patients with visceral leishmaniasis and cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. All 3 patients had seemingly contracted leishmaniasis in Italy, were hepatitis C virus negative, and were initially diagnosed as having autoimmune disorders. These findings indicate that Leishmania can be an etiologic agent of type II mixed cryoglobulinemia. This parasitosis should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of vasculitides in endemic areas. (+info)

Prevalence and clinical features of cryoglobulinaemia in multitransfused beta-thalassaemia patients. (7/282)

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of cryoglobulinaemia and its clinical features among beta-thalassaemia patients. METHODS: Eighty eight multitransfused beta-thalassaemia patients were studied. They were physically examined and asked about the presence of cryoglobulinaemia related symptoms. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) serology, HCV-RNA, HCV subtypes, viraemia, serum ferritin, liver and kidney function tests, rheumatoid factor (RF), circulating immune complexes (CIC), complement levels and autoantibodies were all evaluated. The patients were divided into four groups: HCV-RNA positive patients with and without cryoglobulinaemia (groups A and B), HCV-Ab positive/HCV-RNA negative patients (group C), HCV-Ab negative patients (group D). RESULTS: Cryoglobulinaemia was present in 35 of 53 (66.0%) patients with chronic HCV infection. They had higher viraemia than non-cryoglobulinaemic viral carriers, but no statistical difference relating to sex or HCV subtypes was found. In comparison with the other groups, group A patients were older, had undergone transfusion therapy for a longer period, had received a higher number of transfusions, and had increased levels of RF and CIC, as well as consumption of C4; in addition, they had a higher prevalence of cirrhosis. Cutaneous lesions (purpura, Raynaud's phenomenon, nodules and leg rash), peripheral neuropathy and sicca syndrome symptoms were present only in group A. Musculoskeletal symptoms (bone pain, arthralgia and myalgia), weakness, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, skin ulcers and proteinuria were also commoner in group A, but the difference did not reach statistical significance, possibly because of partial overlap between cryoglobulinaemia and beta-thalassaemia syndromes. CONCLUSION: Because of its high prevalence in multitransfused beta-thalassaemia patients, cryoglobulinaemia needs to be systematically studied and considered in the differential diagnosis of various beta-thalassaemia manifestations. (+info)

Increased serum concentrations of soluble HLA-class I antigens in hepatitis C virus related mixed cryoglobulinaemia. (8/282)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether quantitative alterations of both beta(2)microglobulin (beta(2)micro) associated HLA class I heavy chains (sHLA-I) and beta(2) micro free class I heavy chains (sHLA-FHC) in sera of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection occur and whether they distinguish patients with mixed cryoglobulinaemia (MC). METHODS: 83 HCV infected patients were studied and divided into three groups: (A) without cryoglobulinaemia (n=21), (B) with polyclonal MC (n=20), (C) with monoclonal MC (n=42). Serum sHLA-I and sHLA-FHC were measured by double determinant radioimmunoassay using monoclonal antibodies: TP25.99 as catching antibody, and NAMB-1 and HC-10 as revealing antibodies. Western blot identified HLA-I isoforms. RESULTS: The serum concentrations of sHLA-I and of sHLA-FHC in HCV infected patients versus controls were respectively 1.3(0.5) microg/ml (mean (SD)) versus 0.8 (0.3) (p<0. 001) and 13.9 (7.1) ng/ml versus 9.2 (5) (p<0.001). sHLA-I were 1.01 (0.4) microg/ml in group A, 1.04 (0.4) microg/ml in group B, and 1. 47 (0.4) microg/ml in group C (p=0.001). Statistical analysis showed a significant difference versus controls for groups B (p<0.02) and C (p<0.001). sHLA-FHC were 12.8 (8.3) ng/ml in group A, 17.2 (7.1) ng/ml in group B, and 12.9 (6.2) ng/ml in group C (p<0.02). A significant difference versus controls for each group was found (p<0. 02, p<0.001, and p<0.02, respectively). Different patterns of sHLA-I isoforms were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Increased serum concentrations of sHLA-I and sHLA-FHC characterise HCV infected patients. The highest sHLA-I concentrations seem to distinguish patients with monoclonal MC. In this last condition sHLA could play a part in the HCV escape and in B cell proliferation. The significance of sHLA-FHC is still undefined. (+info)

"Cryoglobulinemia". Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved 2019-02-13. "Cryoglobulinemia: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". MedlinePlus. ... In cryoglobulinemia, antibodies accumulate and block blood vessels. In cold agglutinin disease, antibodies (different from ... In some cases, the exact underlying cause is unknown; however, cryoglobulinemia can be associated with a variety of conditions ... Although there is some overlap of symptoms, cryoglobulinemia and cold agglutinin disease differ in the process by which blood ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_sensitive_antibodies

Cacoub P, Comarmond C, Domont F, Savey L, Saadoun D (September 2015). "Cryoglobulinemia Vasculitis". The American Journal of ... HIV Sarcoidosis Cryoglobulinemia Reactions to exposure to chemical agents, including trichloroethylene and dapsone[medical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy

... describes the classical symptoms suggesting the diagnosis of cryoglobulinaemia of polyclonal CGs seen in ... "Cryoglobulinaemia. Free medical information. Patient". patient.info. v t e. ... essential-, viral-, or connective tissue disease-associated cryoglobulinaemia. The triad consists of: palpable purpura ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meltzer's_triad

One such disease is cryoglobulinemia. Extreme temperatures can weaken and destabilize the non-covalent interactions between the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_aggregation

... vasculitic processes such as cryoglobulinemia; calciphylaxis (often seen in people with end-stage kidney disease but may also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venous_ulcer

Meltzer's triad indicates the condition cryoglobulinemia. Huntington's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signs_and_symptoms

Cryoglobulinemia Skin lesion James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryoglobulinemic_purpura

When his father became ill with cryoglobulinemia, he moved with him to Hawaii for the warm temperatures. In 2002 Altenberg was ... Diane (22 February 2013). "Dad's Journey with Cryoglobulinemia, Dr. Lee Altenberg" (Video). Blog Talk Radio. Eagle, CO 81631: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Altenberg

Cryofibrinogenemic purpura Cryoglobulinemia Dysfibrinogenemia Hypodysfibrinogenemia James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et ... cryoglobulinemia. Studies on the treatment of cryofibrinoginemic disease have involved relatively few patients, are limited ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryofibrinogenemia

... mixed cryoglobulinemia) 3. Etiopathogenesis, clinical features, survival, and treatment of mixed cryoglobulinemia ( ... Ferri is a member of the SIR (Italian Society of Rheumatology) and GISC (Italian Group for the Study of Cryoglobulinemias), and ... In particular, he investigated the pathogenetic role of some viruses in mixed cryoglobulinemia (cryoglobulinemic vasculitis) ... Ferri, C. (1991). "Association between hepatitis C virus and mixed cryoglobulinemia". Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. 9 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clodoveo_Ferri

... is a feature of ainhum, cryoglobulinemia and thromboangiitis obliterans. In 1881, Thornton made the case of ... CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) "Cryoglobulinemia: Digital Gangrene, Hands, Rheumatology Image Bank". Retrieved 9 March ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoamputation

Other causative conditions include infections, toxicities, antiphospholipid syndrome, cryoglobulinemia, neoplasms. In these ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrocyanosis

Type I cryoglobulinemia is a known complication of Sjögren's syndrome. Sjögren's syndrome can affect such organs as the liver, ... "Cryoglobulinemia in primary Sjögren's syndrome: prevalence and clinical characteristics in a series of 115 patients". Semin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjögren_syndrome

Patients suffering type II (or type III) cryoglobulinemia present with many of the symptoms of type I disease plus those of ... Ghetie D, Mehraban N, Sibley CH (2015). "Cold hard facts of cryoglobulinemia: updates on clinical features and treatment ... cryoglobulinemia, or constitutional symptoms. There may be a modest increase in the incidence of IgM MGUS in people of African ... cryoglobulinemia, or constitutional symptoms. As determined by a Mayo Clinic study of 48 individuals, smoldering Waldenström's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_cell_dyscrasias

... in patients affected by mixed cryoglobulinemia (type 2 and 3), since simple or type 1 cryoglobulinemia does not cause ... Cryoglobulinemia Cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis Skin lesion RESERVED, INSERM US14-- ALL RIGHTS. "Orphanet: Cryoglobulinemic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryoglobulinemic_vasculitis

2010 after a long battle with cryoglobulinemia. Transparente Nicaragua, 2007 - MOKA Discos Cancionero, 2004 - MOKA Discos ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duo_Guardabarranco

If immunoglobulins tend to precipitate within blood vessels with cold, that phenomenon takes the name of cryoglobulinaemia. The ... For example, certain macroglobulins tend to precipitate within blood vessel with cold, a phenomenon known as cryoglobulinemia. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclonal_gammopathy

Mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) is an immune disease, which typically presents with immune complex mediated vasculitis of the small ... Several patients with Hepatitis C virus (HCV) associated with mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) have elevated levels of anti- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfatide

... and cryoglobulinemia. Skin lesion James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematopoietic_ulcer

... and cryoglobulinemia. Systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with low C3 and C4. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement_deficiency

... can affect a wide range of organs, and consequently present with a range of symptoms. The kidneys are the most commonly affected organ in AL amyloidosis. Symptoms of kidney disease and kidney failure can include fluid retention, swelling, and shortness of breath.[4] In addition to kidneys, AL amyloidosis may affect the heart, peripheral nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, blood, lungs and skin. Heart complications, which affect more than a third of AL patients, include heart failure and irregular heart beat. Other symptoms can include stroke, gastrointestinal disorders, enlarged liver, diminished spleen function, diminished function of the adrenal and other endocrine glands, skin color change or growths, lung problems, bleeding and bruising problems, fatigue, and weight loss.[4][5] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AL_amyloidosis

... or symptomatic cryoglobulinemia were also suggested as indications for therapy. Treatment includes the monoclonal antibody ... which may cause autoimmune phenomenon or cryoglobulinemia. Other symptoms of WM are due to the hyperviscosity syndrome, which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldenström's_macroglobulinemia

According to a 2009 news article, when he was diagnosed with Cryoglobulinemia, he was only given up to 10 years of life (he was ... after being constantly hospitalized suffering from a rare disease called Cryoglobulinemia. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Cardenal

Prinzmetal angina, Buerger's disease, contrast mediated selective renal vasospasm, hypercoaguability and cryoglobulinemia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasospasm

Glomerulonephritis with nephrotic syndrome and/or cryoglobulinemia. *Mixed cryoglobulinemia, where antibodies in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_E

The most common problem due to hepatitis C but not involving the liver is mixed cryoglobulinemia (usually the type II form) - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_C

... type 1 Crossed polysyndactyly Croup Crouzon syndrome Crouzonodermoskeletal syndrome Crow-Fukase syndrome Cryoglobulinemia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diseases_(C)

Cryoglobulinemia Paraproteinemia Waldenström macroglobulinemia Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Lambert-Eaton syndrome Microscopic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmapheresis

... especially SLE Complement levels that are low can suggest mixed cryoglobulinemia, hepatitis C infection, and SLE, but not most ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_vasculitis

... cryoglobulinemia, mastocytosis, chronic neonatal onset multisystem inflammatory disease or Muckle-Wells syndrome. As of 2017 no ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schnitzler_syndrome

in 1967, the percentage of cryoglobulinemic diseases described as essential cryoglobulinemia or idiopathic cryoglobulinemia, ... Cryoglobulinemia is a medical condition in which the blood contains large amounts of pathological cold sensitive antibodies ... Those with a history of recent infection that also have a spontaneous and full resolution of their cryoglobulinemia need no ... Tedeschi A, Baratè C, Minola E, Morra E (2007). "Cryoglobulinemia". Blood Rev. 21 (4): 183-200. doi:10.1016/j.blre.2006.12.002 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryoglobulinemia

Cryoglobulinemia is the presence of abnormal proteins in the blood. These proteins thicken in cold temperatures. ... MIXED CRYOGLOBULINEMIA (TYPES II AND III). Mild or moderate forms of cryoglobulinemia can often be treated by taking steps to ... Types II and III are also referred to as mixed cryoglobulinemia.. Type I cryoglobulinemia is most often related to cancer of ... You have hepatitis C and develop symptoms of cryoglobulinemia.. *You have cryoglobulinemia and develop new or worsening ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000540.htm

Read about essential mixed cryoglobulinemia causes, symptoms (joint pain, swelling, enlarged spleen, skin vasculitis, nerve & ... Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia is a condition caused by abnormal blood proteins called cryoglobulins. ... home/arthritis health center/arthritis a-z list/essential mixed cryoglobulinemia center /essential mixed cryoglobulinemia ... What is essential mixed cryoglobulinemia?. *What is the prognosis (outlook) for patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia? ...

https://www.medicinenet.com/essential_mixed_cryoglobulinemia/article.htm

Tissue necrosis caused by distal capillary thrombosis resulting from cryoglobulin precipitation in the vessels. The black tissue under the nails is ischemic, and will eventually slough, or be reabsorbed

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/3166.htm

Cryoglobulinemia may also be classified based on the association of the syndrome with an underlying disease. Cryoglobulinemia ... Type I cryoglobulinemia, or simple cryoglobulinemia, is the result of a monoclonal immunoglobulin, usually immunoglobulin M ( ... Overall, cryoglobulinemia is thought to be rare. However, cryoglobulinemia may be underestimated based on the medical ... encoded search term (Cryoglobulinemia) and Cryoglobulinemia What to Read Next on Medscape ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/329255-overview

Interferon Treatment in HCV-related Cryoglobulinemia Study. Patients (n). Type of study. Treatment. Response (%). Follow-up. ... Combined Treatment Interferon Plus Ribavirin in HCV-related Cryoglobulinemia Study. Patients (n). Type of study. Treatment. ... Rituximab in Patients With HCV-related Cryoglobulinemia Study. Patients (number with nephritis). Rituximab dose. Other ... Relationship Between Cryoglobulinemia-associated Nephritis and HCV Infection Dario Roccatello; Osvaldo Giachino; Elisa ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/580491

How I treat cryoglobulinemia. Blood. 2017;129:289.. *Fervenza FC, et al. Treatment of the mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome. ... Joint pain. Symptoms resembling rheumatoid arthritis are common in cryoglobulinemia.. *Peripheral neuropathy. Cryoglobulinemia ... If you have cryoglobulinemia (kry-o-glob-u-lih-NEE-me-uh), these proteins may clump together at temperatures below 98.6 F (37 C ... Symptoms of cryoglobulinemia may include purple spots on the legs, joint pain, and numbness in the fingers and toes. ...

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cryoglobulinemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20371244

Read about essential mixed cryoglobulinemia causes, symptoms (joint pain, swelling, enlarged spleen, skin vasculitis, nerve & ... Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia is a condition caused by abnormal blood proteins called cryoglobulins. ... Essential Mixed Cryoglobulinemia. What is cryoglobulinemia?. Cryoglobulinemia is a medical condition that is caused by proteins ... home/arthritis center/arthritis a-z list/essential mixed cryoglobulinemia index/essential mixed cryoglobulinemia article/find a ...

https://www.medicinenet.com/essential_mixed_cryoglobulinemia/middletown-ct_city.htm

... Gianfranco Lauletta,1 Sabino Russi,1 Vincenza Conteduca,1 and Loredana ... Hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection is recognized as the major cause of mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC). Its persistence ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2012/502156/abs/

Thanks! Im 30 yrs old, female, and was just diagnosed with hep C and positive for cryoglobulinemia. Im type 3a, viral load ... Sorry, I cannot help you with the cryoglobulinemia.. Are you seeing a hepatologist or gastroenterologist?. Connie ...

https://www.healingwell.com/community/default.aspx?f=25&m=598795

Cryoglobulinemia is generally broken down in three subtypes. In type I cryoglobulinemia, cryoglobulins are made up of a ... The clinical pictures of type II and III cryoglobulinemia are similar. This report primarily deals with mixed cryoglobulinemia. ... Type II and type III cryoglobulinemia are known as mixed cryoglobulinemia. In these disorders, cryoglobulins are abnormal ... Mixed cryoglobulinemia is believed to be a rare disorder, but the exact incidence and prevalence in the general population is ...

https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/mixed-cryoglobulinemia/

... Fabrizio Fabrizi Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Maggiore ... Fabrizio Fabrizi, "Hepatitis C Virus, Cryoglobulinemia, and Kidney: Novel Evidence," Scientifica, vol. 2012, Article ID 128382 ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/scientifica/2012/128382/cta/

Type II cryoglobulinemias in which IgM is the macromolecular rheumatoid antibody are more common than type III ... cryoglobulinemias. IgG was directed toward NS proteins and structural proteins. IgM antig... more ... Type II cryoglobulinemias in which IgM is the macromolecular rheumatoid antibody are more common than type III ... Hepatitis C virus within a malignant lymphoma lesion in the course of type II mixed cryoglobulinemia. Blood. 1995 Sep 1. 86(5): ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/1134161-91845/what-is-the-pathogenesis-of-type-ii-cryoglobulinemia-in-hepatitis-c-virus-hcv

What is cryoglobulinemia? Meaning of cryoglobulinemia medical term. What does cryoglobulinemia mean? ... Looking for online definition of cryoglobulinemia in the Medical Dictionary? cryoglobulinemia explanation free. ... cryoglobulinemia. Also found in: Wikipedia. cryoglobulinemia. [kri″o-glob″u-lin-e´me-ah] the presence of cryoglobulin in the ... Synonym(s): cryoglobulinaemia. Cryoglobulinemia. Condition in which protein in the blood forms particles in the cold, blocking ...

https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cryoglobulinemia

Cryoglobulinemia in chronic liver diseases: role of hepatitis C virus and liver damage.. Lunel F1, Musset L, Cacoub P, Frangeul ... Mixed cryoglobulinemia is frequently associated with liver diseases. The respective role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and liver ... The prevalence of cryoglobulinemia in 226 consecutive patients with chronic liver diseases (hepatitis C, 127; hepatitis B, 40; ... The prevalence of mixed cryoglobulinemia was high (41.5%) in patients with liver diseases and higher in patients with hepatitis ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7513667?dopt=Abstract

As many as 55% to 85% of patients with chronic HCV infection have mixed cryoglobulinemia [4]. The underlying mechanisms leading ... Cacoub P, Frangeul L, Musset L. Hepatitis G and Mixed Cryoglobulinemia. Ann Intern Med. ;126:1002. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-126- ... Hepatitis G and Mixed Cryoglobulinemia Patrice Cacoub, MD; Lionel Frangeul; Lucile Musset, PhD ... to this production of mixed cryoglobulinemia are unknown, although a long duration of HCV infection, older age, and the ...

http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/710626/hepatitis-g-mixed-cryoglobulinemia

D89.1 - Cryoglobulinemia. SNOMEDCT:. 239947001 - Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. References. Subscription Required. Last ... Mixed essential cryoglobulinemia. Subscriber Sign In VisualDx Mobile Feedback Select Language Share ... Cryoglobulinemia is caused by globulins that undergo reversible precipitation from plasma or serum upon cooling. Type II and ...

https://www.visualdx.com/visualdx/diagnosis/mixed%20essential%20cryoglobulinemia?diagnosisId=50484&moduleId=101

LEVO Y. Hepatitis B Virus and Essential Mixed Cryoglobulinemia. Ann Intern Med. ;94:282. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-94-2-282_1 ... To the editor: The relation between hepatitis B virus (HBV) and essential mixed cryoglobulinemia is controversial. We have ... patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. Their group not only had an unusual sex ratio of females to males of ...

http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/694603/hepatitis-b-virus-essential-mixed-cryoglobulinemia

... infection in the induction of type II mixed cryoglobulinemia (MCII) and the possible establishment of related ... Hcv genotypes and cryoglobulinemia. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 1995, 13 Suppl 13, S79-S82. [Google Scholar] ... Influence of hla-dr phenotype on the risk of hepatitis c virus-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia. Arthritis Rheum. 2001, 44, ... Agnello, V. The aetiology of mixed cryoglobulinaemia associated with hepatitis c virus infection. Scand. J. Immunol. 1995, 42, ...

http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/4/11/2924/htm

Home , D. General pathology , Blood and immunity , Dysimmune diseases , cryoglobulinemia. cryoglobulinemia. Thursday 19 March ...

http://humpath.com/spip.php?article14682

Interstitial Lung Disease Fibromyalgia Syndrome Mixed Cryoglobulinemia Sicca Syndrome Mixed Cryoglobulinemia Patient These ... Bombardieri S, Paoletti P, Ferri C et al (1979) Lung involvement in essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. Am J Med 66:748-756PubMed ... Zaja F, De Vita S, Mazzaro C et al (2003) Efficacy and safety of rituximab in type II mixed cryoglobulinemia. Blood 101:3827- ... The strict link between HCV and mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) is well known. In addition, it is clear that many symptoms of ...

https://rd.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-88-470-1705-4_23

Direct Antiviral Agents for Hepatitis C Virus-associated Cryoglobulinaemia Vasculitis. The safety and scientific validity of ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/results/NCT02856243

Hepatitis C and cryoglobulinemia. HCV infection is by far the most common condition associated with mixed cryoglobulinemia. ... Diagnosis of cryoglobulinemia typically requires demonstration of cryoglobulinemia (positive cryoglobulins in serum) in the ... C. History Part 3: Competing diagnoses that can mimic disease cryoglobulinemia.. Since cryoglobulinemia can manifest clinically ... Renal transplantation has been successfully performed in mixed cryoglobulinemia.. Patients who have cryoglobulinemia associated ...

http://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/hospital-medicine/cryoglobulinemia-hepatitis-c/article/604570/

The symptoms of Cryoglobulinemia Mixedare as follows: Cryoglobulinemia MixedTreatment. Cryoglobulinemia Mixedtreatment options ... What is Cryoglobulinemia Mixed?. Cryoglobulinemia Mixedis an uncommon skin disease which may affect people of all ages. It can ... Causes of Cryoglobulinemia Mixed. The cause of Cryoglobulinemia Mixedare attributed to the genetic pattern of a person. It is ... Home remedies for the treatment of Cryoglobulinemia Mixed. Home remedies for Cryoglobulinemia Mixedinclues the following:. * ...

http://www.apply-makeup.info/skin-disease/cryoglobulinemia-mixed.htm

... related mixed cryoglobulinemia is a recognised entity. Renal and pulmonary involvements are severe potential complications of ... Alveolar haemorrhage and hepatitis virus C related mixed cryoglobulinemia. Report of three cases] An Med Interna. 2005 Nov;22( ... We present three patients with hepatitis C virus-related mixed cryoglobulinemia associated to pulmonary symptoms that turned to ... Hepatitis C virus -related mixed cryoglobulinemia is a recognised entity. Renal and pulmonary involvements are severe potential ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16454586/

Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that reversibly precipitate at temperatures below 37°C (98.6°F). Type I cryoglobulinaemia is ... Cryoglobulinaemia refers to the presence of cryoglobulins in the serum. Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that reversibly ... Type I cryoglobulinaemia is mostly associated with lymphoproliferative disorders (e.g., Waldenstroms macroglobulinaemia); ... types II and III (mixed cryoglobulinaemia [MC]) with autoimmune and infectious conditions, particularly with hepatitis C virus ...

https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/870

Cryoglobulinemia. 2016 2017 2018 Billable/Specific Code *D89.1 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to ... Cryoglobulinemia due to chronic hepatitis c. Clinical Information *A condition characterized by the presence of abnormal ... Cryoglobulinemia (essential) (idiopathic) (mixed) (primary) (purpura) (secondary) (vasculitis) D89.1* with lung involvement ... microvasculature effects of cryoglobulinemia may result in restricted tissue blood flow, tissue hypoxia, and tissue necrosis. ...

https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/D50-D89/D80-D89/D89-/D89.1

Hypertension has been found in 37% of patients with cryoglobulinaemia.6 When the underlying disease of cryoglobulinaemia (eg, ... type II cryoglobulinaemia), or polyclonal immunoglobulins (type III cryoglobulinaemia).7 In hepatitis C, cryoglobulins usually ... Cryoglobulinemia. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 1999; 13: 1315-1349.. *9. Agnello V, Chung RT, Kaplan LM. A role for hepatitis C ... Mixed cryoglobulinemia: clinical aspects and long-term follow-up of 40 patients. Am J Med 1980; 69: 287-308. ...

https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2005/182/1/hepatitis-c-associated-cryoglobulinaemia-presenting-refractory-hypertensive

The high proportion of aCL in patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia co … ... IgG aCL are frequently found in patients with HCV regardless of status for mixed cryoglobulinemia. These aCL have the ... Conclusion: IgG aCL are frequently found in patients with HCV regardless of status for mixed cryoglobulinemia. These aCL have ... In patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia, we also looked for aCL separately in cryoprecipitate and in serum after extraction of ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9375873/?dopt=Abstract

Cryoglobulinemia is usually classified into three subgroups according to Ig composition: type I cryoglobulinemia is composed of ... Classification and Clinico-Pathological Characteristics of Different Cryoglobulinemias. Last updated Thursday March 8th, 2018. ...

http://medicalcriteria.com/web/tag/cryoglobulinemias/

Cryoglobulinemia is a medical condition that is caused by proteins called cryoglobulins, which are present in the blood. (medicinenet.com)
Cryoglobulins can accompany another condition (such as dermatomyositis , multiple myeloma , viral infections, or lymphoma ) or be an isolated condition themselves, called cryoglobulinemia. (medicinenet.com)
Cryoglobulins in the blood (cryoglobulinemia) can cause a variety of problems throughout the body. (medicinenet.com)
Cryoglobulinemia is characterized by the presence of cryoglobulins in the serum. (medscape.com)
Types II and III cryoglobulinemia represent 80% of all cryoglobulins. (medscape.com)
Cryoglobulinemia is a medical condition in which the blood contains large amounts of pathological cold sensitive antibodies called cryoglobulins - proteins (mostly immunoglobulins themselves) that become insoluble at reduced temperatures. (wikipedia.org)
While this disease is commonly referred to as cryoglobulinemia in the medical literature, it is better termed cryoglobulinemic disease for two reasons: 1) cryoglobulinemia is also used to indicate the circulation of (usually low levels of) cryoglobulins in the absence of any symptoms or disease and 2) healthy individuals can develop transient asymptomatic cryoglobulinemia following certain infections. (wikipedia.org)
Mixed cryoglobulinemia is a rare disorder characterized by the presence of cryoglobulins in the blood. (rarediseases.org)
In type I cryoglobulinemia, cryoglobulins are made up of a specific immunoglobulin, usually IgM. (rarediseases.org)
Unlike type I cryoglobulinemia, the cryoglobulins in type II and type III contain rheumatoid factor, which is an autoantibody (i.e. an antibody that attacks the body own tissue). (rarediseases.org)
It has been reported by several studies that about 10%-60% of HCV-infected patients presenting cryoglobulins are at risk of contracting symptomatic cryoglobulinemia, clinically characterized by association of purpura, weakness, and arthralgia, possibly complicated by severe renal and neurological involvement [ 5 , 6 ]. (mdpi.com)
Cryoglobulinemia refers to a condition with circulating cryoglobulins in the serum. (psychiatryadvisor.com)
Cryoglobulinaemia refers to the presence of cryoglobulins in the serum. (bmj.com)
Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that reversibly precipitate at temperatures below 37°C (98.6°F). Type l cryoglobulinaemia is usually associated with lymphoproliferative disorders. (bmj.com)
In patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia, we also looked for aCL separately in cryoprecipitate and in serum after extraction of mixed cryoglobulins to investigate a possible "capture" of aCL in the cryoprecipitate. (nih.gov)
Familial mixed cryoglobulinemia is a rare condition that is characterized by the presence of abnormal proteins (called cryoglobulins) in the blood. (nih.gov)
Cryoglobulins are proteins that are normally dissolved in blood, but become solid or gel-like at cold temperatures (less than 98.6° F). Cryoglobulinemia simply means that these abnormal proteins are in the blood. (unckidneycenter.org)
Cryoglobulinemia is a rare medical condition defined by presence of cryoglobulins in serum and it may cause hyperviscosity syndrome or systemic vasculitis in variable organs including the skin, joints, liver, kidneys, lungs and nervous system. (jkna.org)
Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that precipitate at temperatures below 37°C. Clinically cryoglobulinemia is manifested in a variety of symptoms on different organs. (springer.com)
Objective: Mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome (MCs) is a systemic vasculitis characterized by multiple organ involvement due to the vascular deposition of immune-complexes, mainly the cryoglobulins. (elsevier.com)
Cryoglobulins are associated with cryoglobulinemia. (stlukes-stl.com)
Cryoglobulinemia produces immunoglobulins that precipitate when plasma is cooled (ie, cryoglobulins) while flowing through the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the extremities. (merckmanuals.com)
Monoclonal immunoglobulins formed in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma) or in multiple myeloma occasionally behave as cryoglobulins, as may mixed IgM-IgG immune complexes formed in some chronic infectious diseases, most commonly hepatitis C . Cryoglobulinemia can also lead to small-vessel vasculitis, which can cause purpura. (merckmanuals.com)
Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia is a blood disorder that is caused by abnormal proteins in the blood called cryoglobulins that precipitate or clump together when blood is chilled and then dissolve when re-warmed. (hcvadvocate.org)
Mixed cryoglobulinemias is a blood disorder caused by abnormal proteins in the blood called cryoglobulins. (hcvadvocate.org)
At least 90% of cases having cryoglobulins in body, hepatitis C is to blame, reflecting the importance of preclusion of hepatitis C. The presence of cryoglubulins in body satisfies the criterion of the diagnosis of cryoglobulinemia, a disease that inflame the blood vessels and organs like kidney, nerves, joints, lungs and skin. (wikipedia.org)

You develop symptoms of cryoglobulinemia. (medlineplus.gov)
You have hepatitis C and develop symptoms of cryoglobulinemia. (medlineplus.gov)
You have cryoglobulinemia and develop new or worsening symptoms. (medlineplus.gov)
The clinical symptoms of mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) range from mild palpable purpura, arthralgias and fatigue to severe vasculitis with skin necrosis, as well as peripheral neuropathy and, less frequently, involvement of the CNS, GI tract, lungs and myocardium. (medscape.com)
Symptoms resembling rheumatoid arthritis are common in cryoglobulinemia. (mayoclinic.org)
Symptoms of cryoglobulinemia may include purple spots on the legs, joint pain, and numbness in the fingers and toes. (mayoclinic.org)
The symptoms and physical findings of mixed cryoglobulinemia can vary greatly from one individual to another. (rarediseases.org)
Following are the causes, symptoms and Treatment of Cryoglobulinemia Mixed. (apply-makeup.info)
What are the symptoms of Cryoglobulinemia Mixed? (apply-makeup.info)
We present three patients with hepatitis C virus-related mixed cryoglobulinemia associated to pulmonary symptoms that turned to be caused by an alveolar haemorrhage. (nih.gov)
Symptoms of cryoglobulinemia usually begin in middle age. (middlesexhealth.org)
CONCLUSION Although the rheumatological symptoms were not different between HCV patients with and without cryoglobulinaemia, HCV patients showed various rheumalogical manifestations. (bmj.com)
This is the first study in Korea to evaluate the link of cryoglobulinaemia and rheumatological symptoms in patients with HCV infection. (bmj.com)
gastrointestinal symptoms induced by cryoglobulinemia are unusual and peritoneal involvement has never been described. (bmj.com)
A 32-y-old woman was affected by essential type I cryoglobulinaemia and displayed the cold-triggered cutaneous symptoms of the disease due to a monoclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG) cryoglobulin. (semanticscholar.org)
Patients will experience different symptoms depending on the organs affected by cryoglobulinemia. (naturalcurefor.com)
The clinical manifestations of cryoglobulinemia symptoms can vary from only general and non-specific to joint pain, renal, neuropathic and skin involvement, which in a few cases can become acronecrosis. (reumatologiaclinica.org)
Although there is some overlap of symptoms, cryoglobulinemia and cold agglutinin disease differ in the process by which blood vessels become blocked. (wikipedia.org)

Some cancers of the blood, such as multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, can sometimes cause cryoglobulinemia. (middlesexhealth.org)
Cryoglobulinemia is associated with diseases such as hepatitis C, HIV, multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, lupus and Sjogren's syndrome. (middlesexhealth.org)
Type I cryoglobulinemia in multiple myeloma: a rare entity. (biomedsearch.com)
[symptoma.com] Type I multiple myeloma-associated cryoglobulinemia was diagnosed. (symptoma.com)

Accordingly, type II and type III cryoglobulinemic diseases are often grouped together and referred to as mixed cryoglobulinemia or mixed cryoglobulinemic disease. (wikipedia.org)
In fact, both type II and type III are referred to as mixed cryoglobulinemia since they both consist of mixture of IgMs and IgGs. (psychiatryadvisor.com)

The actual RF may be monoclonal (in type II cryoglobulinemia) or polyclonal (in type III cryoglobulinemia) immunoglobulin. (medscape.com)
In another study, of 64 patients with type I cryoglobulinemia vasculitis (CryoVas), Terrier et al identified 28 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance and 36 with hematologic malignancy. (medscape.com)
The distinction between type II and type III cryoglobulinemia is mostly technical and deals with whether the rheumatoid factor is monoclonal or polyclonal. (rarediseases.org)
Corneal subepithelial monoclonal kappa IgG deposits in essential cryoglobulinaemia. (bmj.com)
There was a mixed cryoglobulinaemia (35 mg/litre) with an IgM monoclonal component. (bmj.com)
Type I cryoglobulinemia is usually not "mixed," being associated with only a monoclonal IgG or IgM in the setting of a malignancy. (mhmedical.com)
A patient with type I cryoglobulinemia and monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance was found to have acute gallbladder vasculitis. (elsevier.com)
2007) Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (rituximab) treatment for cryoglobulinemia vasculitis: where do we stand? (springer.com)
Cryoglobulinemia is a rare disease characterized by the production of monoclonal or polyclonal immunoglobulins that precipitate in cold temperature. (reumatologiaclinica.org)
This disorder is classified according to the composition of the precipitate in 3 ways: monoclonal cryoglobulinemia (type I), composed of simple monoclonal immunoglobulin, mixed cryoglobulinemia, consisting of a mixture of polyclonal IgG and monoclonal IgM rheumatoid factor (type II) and the polyclonal variety (type III). (reumatologiaclinica.org)

Since the first description of cryoglobulinemia in association with the clinical triad of skin purpura, joint pain, and weakness by Meltzer et al. (wikipedia.org)
Mixed cryoglobulinemia MC, type II and type III, refers to the presence of circulating cryoprecipitable immune complexes in the serum and manifests clinically by a classical triad of purpura, weakness and arthralgias. (duhnnae.com)
Differential diagnoses include cryoglobulinemia, warfarin-induced necrosis, purpura fulminans, emboli to the skin, thrombocythemia, protein C deficiency, Sneddon syndrome, and skin ulcers in patients with sickle cell anemia or hemolytic anemia. (medscape.com)
Type II and III cryoglobulinemia frequently presents as vasculitis, most commonly with recurrentlower extremity purpura, glomerulonephritis, and peripheral neuropathy. (hopkinsvasculitis.org)
Some patients with cryoglobulinemia suffer from mild, recurrent crops of lower extremity purpura that require no specific therapy. (hopkinsvasculitis.org)
it generates bleeding manifestations as ecchymotic lesions, petechiae of sudden onset, epistaxis [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Cryoglobulinemia can also lead to small-vessel vasculitis, which can cause purpura. (symptoma.com)

Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of the mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome (essential mixed cryoglobulinemia). (medicinenet.com)
Although the optimal treatment strategy in HCV-related cryoglobulinemia has not been determined yet, an algorithm based on the clinical severity of disease could be proposed, in which rituximab might be a first-line option in severe cases. (medscape.com)
The clinical pictures of type II and III cryoglobulinemia are similar. (rarediseases.org)
Cryoglobulinemia in chronic hepatitis C virus infection: prevalence, clinical manifestations, response to interferon treatment and analysis of cryoprecipitates. (medscape.com)
In particular, about 60% of HCV-infected patients present cold-precipitable (cryoprecipitable) and noncryoprecipitable immune complexes that could be associated with the clinical onset of type II mixed cryoglobulinemia (MCII) [ 2 ]. (mdpi.com)
Mixed cryoglobulinemia: clinical aspects and long term follow-up in 40 patients. (bmj.com)
Cryoglobulinemia is divided into three clinical subsets-Types I, II, and III ( Table 36-1 )-based on two features: the clonality of the IgM component and the presence of RF activity. (mhmedical.com)

When the cryoglobulin proteins are a mixture of various antibody types, and forming for unknown reasons (essential), the conditions is referred to as essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. (medicinenet.com)
한랭글로불린(cryoglobulin)은 37°C 이하의 저온에서 냉각하면 침전을 일으키고 다시 온도를 상승시키면 가역적으로 용해되는 혈청 단백질로 혈중 내에서 증가된 경우 한랭글로불린혈증(cryoglobulinemia) 이라 칭한다[ 1 ]. (jkna.org)
Checking complement levels can be a quick place to start as the differential for low complements is a specific list of diagnoses which can then allow further testing for lupus (ANA and if positive double-stranded DNA), cryoglobulinemia (rheumatoid factor, cryoglobulin), endocarditis (blood cultures, echo if appropriate), and post infectious GN (ASO titers for pharyngitis Streptococcus and anti-DNAse B antibodies for Streptococcus soft tissue infections). (clinicaladvisor.com)

Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia is sometimes associated with hepatitis C virus infection. (medicinenet.com)
Fabris M, Quartuccio L, Sacco S et al (2007) B-Lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) up-regulation in mixed cryoglobulinaemia syndrome and hepatitis-C virus infection. (springer.com)
Liu FC, Chao YC, Hou TY et al (2008) Usefulness of anti-CCP antibodies in patients with hepatitis C virus infection with or without arthritis, rheumatoid factor, or cryoglobulinemia. (springer.com)
Wener MH, Hutchinson K, Morishima C et al (2004) Absence of antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide in sera of patients with hepatitis C virus infection and cryoglobulinemia. (springer.com)
Anticardiolipin, anti-beta2-glycoprotein I, and Antinucleosome Antibodies in Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Mixed Cryoglobulinemia. (nih.gov)
Atypical skin lesions associated with mixed cryoglobulinaemia and hepatitis C virus infection in a cocaine-consuming patient. (semanticscholar.org)
The main activator of a cryoglobulinemia is a Hepatitis C virus infection. (springer.com)
Agnello V, Chung RT, Kaplan LM (1992) A role for hepatitis C virus infection in type II cryoglobulinemia. (springer.com)
2003) Occult hepatitis C virus infection in type II mixed cryoglobulinaemia. (springer.com)

Cryoglobulinemia without an associated disease has been known as essential, or idiopathic, cryoglobulinemia. (medscape.com)
However, the discovery of a close association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and mixed cryoglobulinemia has cast doubt on the existence of essential, or idiopathic, cryoglobulinemia. (medscape.com)
in 1967, the percentage of cryoglobulinemic diseases described as essential cryoglobulinemia or idiopathic cryoglobulinemia, that is cryoglobulinemic disease that is unassociated with an underlying disorder, has fallen. (wikipedia.org)
When the cause of the CV cannot be identified, the disease is termed "idiopathic" or "essential" cryoglobulinemia (4). (thefreedictionary.com)
Bonomo L, Casato M, Afeltra A, Caccavo D (1987) Treatment of idiopathic mixed cryoglobulinemia with alpha interferon. (springer.com)

Different types of cryoglobulinemia have been associated with hepatitis C infection, certain cancers of the blood and autoimmune diseases. (mayoclinic.org)
Types of Cryoglobulinemia. (mhmedical.com)
There are three different types of cryoglobulinemia. (unckidneycenter.org)

There was no evidence of systemic diseases such as paraproteinemia, cryoglobulinemia , or systemic lupus erythematosus. (symptoma.com)

Some of the sequelae of cryoglobulinemia are thought to be related to immune-complex disease (eg, glomerulonephritis, chronic vasculitis), but not all persons with cryoglobulinemia present with these manifestations. (medscape.com)
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of cryoglobulinaemia and rheumatic manifestations in Korean patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. (bmj.com)
We therefore examined the prevalence and type of cryoglobulinaemia and various rheumatic manifestations in Korean patients with HCV infection. (bmj.com)
b) deposit in small arteries and capillaries thereby plugging these blood vessels and causing [en.wikipedia.org] Figure 2 Cutaneous manifestations of mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC). (symptoma.com)
Figure 2 Cutaneous manifestations of mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC). (symptoma.com)
Mixed cryoglobulinemia, Sjögren syndrome, and chronic polyarthritis are the most documented rheumatologic extrahepatic manifestations of HCV infection. (kowsarpub.com)

Type III (mixed, polyclonal) - mixed cryoglobulinemias consisting of polyclonal IgG and polyclonal IgMs. (psychiatryadvisor.com)
The high proportion of aCL in patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia compared to those without, and the absence of antinucleosome antibodies, suggest that these aCL may be secondary to endothelial damage induced by mixed cryoglobulinemia or HCV itself, rather than to nonspecific polyclonal lymphocyte activation. (nih.gov)

b) deposit in small arteries and capillaries thereby plugging these blood vessels and causing [en.wikipedia.org] Key words Cryoglobulinemia basophil cells immune complexes complement This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access. (symptoma.com)
Treatment with antibiotics alone resulted in renal recovery with disappearance of proteinuria, circulating immune complexes and cryoglobulinemia . (symptoma.com)
Some other types of vasculitis are also caused by immune complexes, but cryoglobulinemia is defined by a laboratory test that identifies immune complexes that fall out of solution in the cold. (vasculitisfoundation.org)
Cryoglobulinemia is a rare vasculitis affecting arteries of small and medium caliber, and the veins, that is produced by deposition of immune complexes in vessel walls, with subsequent activation of the complement system. (reumatologiaclinica.org)

Diagnosis of HCV in patients with cryoglobulinemia can be difficult because HCV seromarkers may be undetectable in such patients. (psychiatryadvisor.com)
Diagnosis of cryoglobulinemia involves a blood test in which the sample must be kept at normal body temperature, 98.6 F (37 C), for a period of time before being cooled. (middlesexhealth.org)
Differential Diagnosis: Various other pulmonary/renal syndromes, such as SLE, cryoglobulinemia , and several types of vasculitis, must be distinguished. (symptoma.com)

Cryoglobulinemia is part of a group of diseases that cause damage and inflammation of the blood vessels throughout the body (vasculitis). (medlineplus.gov)
Etiopathogenetic role of hepatitis C virus in mixed cryoglobulinemia, chronic liver diseases and lymphomas. (medscape.com)
Mixed cryoglobulinemia is frequently associated with liver diseases. (nih.gov)
Also a common type, mostly in association with connective tissue diseases, accounting for 25-30% of all cryoglobulinemias. (psychiatryadvisor.com)
More extensive vasculitis associated with autoimmune diseases or essential cryoglobulinemia may respond to prednisone, cyclophosphamide, or both. (hopkinsvasculitis.org)
[symptoma.com] It represents 70-80% of cryoglobulinemia renal diseases and it is strongly associated with the type II IgM κ mixed cryoglobulinemia . (symptoma.com)
It is not known how an individual acquires cryoglobulinemia, but this non-genetic disorder is linked to certain diseases and the hepatitis C virus. (naturalcurefor.com)
Other causes for developing a cryoglobulinemia are rheumatological and haematological diseases. (springer.com)
The presence of both serologic and molecular markers of HCV infection in a high percentage of certain types of B-NHL, not associated with cryoglobulinemia, and its absence from other lymphoproliferative diseases extends the spectrum of HCV-associated lymphoproliferations arguing in favor of some role of this viral infection in the pathogenesis of the malignant proliferation of definite B lymphoid populations. (qxmd.com)

The role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the induction of type II mixed cryoglobulinemia (MCII) and the possible establishment of related lymphoproliferative disorders, such as B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), is well ascertained. (mdpi.com)
Type I cryoglobulinaemia is mostly associated with lymphoproliferative disorders (e.g. (bmj.com)
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is associated with the B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. (ox.ac.uk)

Also called essential mixed cryoglobulinemia, this type is mostly found in patients with chronic hepatitis C and HIV infections. (psychiatryadvisor.com)
Cryoglobulinemias are associated with a variety of illnesses (listed below), three most common categories being: infections, autoimmune disorders, and malignancies. (psychiatryadvisor.com)
Depending on the underlying cause of cryoglobulinemia, treatment may include medications that suppress the immune system or fight viral infections. (middlesexhealth.org)
Drug use is a prime risk factor for cryoglobulinemia because more than 90% of cases of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis are associated with hepatitis C infections. (hopkinsvasculitis.org)

Antonelli A, Ferri C, Fallahi P et al (2008) High values of CXCL10 serum levels in mixed cryoglobulinemia associated with hepatitis C infection. (springer.com)

On Day 27 of admission, the patient was diagnosed with type II mixed cryoglobulinaemia associated with HCV infection. (mja.com.au)
Here, we report a patient presenting with cutaneous, peritoneal, and fallopian tube vasculitis related to mixed cryoglobulinaemia associated with Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia. (bmj.com)

Types II and III are most often found in people who have a long-lasting (chronic) inflammatory condition, such as an autoimmune disease or hepatitis C. Most people with the type II form of cryoglobulinemia have a chronic hepatitis C infection. (medlineplus.gov)
[ 4 ] Cryoglobulinemia associated with a particular disease (lymphoproliferative disorder, autoimmune disease, infectious disease) is known as secondary cryoglobulinemia. (medscape.com)
Mixed cryoglobulinemia is believed to be an immune-mediated disorder (in which the immune system response to chronic infection causes damage to various tissues) or an autoimmune disorder (in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissue). (rarediseases.org)
types II and III (mixed cryoglobulinaemia [MC]) with autoimmune and infectious conditions, particularly with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. (bmj.com)

Conversely, HCV patients with progressive and worsening renal function or cutaneous involvement should be tested for cryoglobulinemia. (psychiatryadvisor.com)
Renal biopsy was done and she was diagnosed with HCV-related membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with cryoglobulinemia . (symptoma.com)
Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia with vasculitis and renal failure was documented by laboratory tests and renal biopsy. (symptoma.com)
2006) Rituximab therapy for mixed cryoglobulinemia in seven renal transplant patients. (springer.com)

Cryoglobulinemia is usually classified into three subgroups according to Ig composition: type I cryoglobulinemia is composed of only one isotype or subclass of immunoglobulin. (medicalcriteria.com)

Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia is characterized by joint pains and swelling ( arthritis ), enlargement of the spleen, skin vasculitis with purplish patches, and nerve and kidney disease . (medicinenet.com)
Cryoglobulinemia may also be classified based on the association of the syndrome with an underlying disease. (medscape.com)
Cryoglobulinemia Mixedis an uncommon skin disease which may affect people of all ages. (apply-makeup.info)
Disease such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis and Sjogren's syndrome increase the risk of developing cryoglobulinemia. (middlesexhealth.org)
In the absence of peripheral arterial disease, patients undergoing digital surgery who develop digital infarcts should be screened for cryoglobulinemia as a potential cause for digital necrosis, especially if the patient has a history of hepatitis C. We describe a case of an unusual presentation of gangrene after elective digital surgery and highlight the need for a rheumatologic evaluation in cases in which vasculitis is suspected. (ovid.com)
Treatment of cryoglobulinemia itself depends on how severe the disease is. (unckidneycenter.org)
Cryoglobulinemia is said to be essential when there is no identifiable underlying disease. (hopkinsvasculitis.org)
Furthermore a defined immunological disease or cryoglobulinemia are absent. (symptoma.com)
Managing cryoglobulinemia disease involves careful monitoring and therapy. (naturalcurefor.com)
Mixed cryoglobulinemias are a devastating disease but if hepatitis C can be identified early on, treated and cured people will not develop them. (hcvadvocate.org)

Treatment of the mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome. (mayoclinic.org)
Cryoglobulinemia with severe hyperviscosity syndrome requires plasmapheresis and chemotherapy of the underlying malignancy. (hopkinsvasculitis.org)

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6996482?tool=bestpractice.com [4] Ferri C. Mixed cryoglobulinemia. (bmj.com)
[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] Type II (mixed) cryoglobulinemia is a systemic vasculitis that may affect many organs, including the skin, leading to ulcerations secondary to immune complex deposition. (symptoma.com)

Type II and type III cryoglobulinemia are known as mixed cryoglobulinemia. (rarediseases.org)

10 years of Living with Cryoglobulinemia. (allianceforcryo.org)

Medhat H. El Komy , Secondary cryoglobulinemia, J. Egypt. (who.int)

The pathogenetic mechanisms in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cryoglobulinemia are sustained by the chronic lymphocyte stimulation of HCV infection, and include the synthesis of IgM rheumatoid factor and tissue deposition of immunocomplexes, characterized by abnormal kinetics and an underlying lymphoproliferative disorder. (medscape.com)

As many as 55% to 85% of patients with chronic HCV infection have mixed cryoglobulinemia [4] . (annals.org)
Group 1: 29 patients with chronic HCV infection and mixed cryoglobulinemia. (nih.gov)
Group 2: 17 patients with chronic HCV infection but without mixed cryoglobulinemia. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia (mixed cryoglobulinemia) and chronic HCV infection with type 2 diabetes have more frequently non-organ-specific-autoantibodies than non-diabetic patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia and those with chronic HCV infection. (kowsarpub.com)

In a study of patients with type II cryoglobulinemia, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 18 patients were separated into CD3 + (T cells), CD19 + (B cells), and CD14 + (monocytes) and analyzed for the presence of negative-strand HCV RNA and for HCV nonstructural protein 3 (NS3). (medscape.com)
We report the case of a 63-year old women with toe gangrene, peripheral polyneuropathy, polyarthritis, histologically proven necrotizing vasculitis, in association with type III mixed cryoglobulinemia and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. (hepcprimer.com)

Severe cryoglobulinemia vasculitis involves vital organs or large areas of skin. (medlineplus.gov)
Cryoglobulinemia involves dysfunction of the immune system. (rarediseases.org)
Vasculitis associated with mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) involves both small- and medium-sized vessels. (mhmedical.com)
Type I cryoglobulinemia less commonly involves the kidney. (unckidneycenter.org)

Neonatal management of symptomatic transplacental cryoglobulinaemia. (semanticscholar.org)

2006) Response to rituximab in patients with type II cryoglobulinemia. (springer.com)

The first patient in the high-dose cohort -- a plasma therapy-resistant aHUS patient with additional complicating disorders including hepatitis C, cryoglobulinemia and lymphoma -- has also completed treatment with OMS721. (thefreedictionary.com)
D'Avolio, Antonio 2015-06-10 00:00:00 The role of interleukin (IL) 28B in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) has recently been examined in many studies, while a possible relationship between IL28B and the presence of mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) remains to be clarified. (deepdyve.com)
The efficacy of alpha interferon (IFN-α) in the treatment of severe type II essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (EMC) has been reported previously. (asm.org)
The most effective treatment for cryoglobulinemia associated with hepatitis C has not yet been determined. (hopkinsvasculitis.org)
2004) Sustained exacerbation of cryoglobulinaemia-related vasculitis following treatment of hepatitis C with peg-interferon alfa. (springer.com)
Cryoglobulinemia in CHC patients is associated with a differential distribution of IL-28B polymorphisms, and certain polymorphisms may be related to anti-viral treatment response. (bvsalud.org)
The remaining 10%, called essential cryoglobulinemia, has been characterized by a more severe course and a failure to respond to conventional treatment. (reumatologiaclinica.org)
This article describes the case of a patient with essential cryoglobulinemia presenting with acronecrosis with a poor outcome, despite treatment, leading to amputation. (reumatologiaclinica.org)

The primary role that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection plays in the development of cryoglobulinemia is supported by the presence of a HCV concentration in the cryoprecipitate that ranges from 20- to 1000-fold higher than in the serum supernatant. (medscape.com)

PegIFN[alpha]/ribavirin/protease inhibitor combination in severe hepatitis C virus-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis. (thefreedictionary.com)
A cute pulmonary oedema is a well-known complication of severe hypertension, 1 but, to our knowledge, has never been reported in association with mixed cryoglobulinaemia. (mja.com.au)
We report two patients with severe hypertension who presented with pulmonary oedema which was not controlled until cryoglobulinaemia was diagnosed and treated with plasmapheresis and methylprednisolone. (mja.com.au)
It has also been observed in patients with severe type II essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (EMC), for whom IFN-α is a well-established and widely used therapy ( 9 , 10 , 12 , 32 ). (asm.org)

Serum cryoglobulinemia was measured in all patients. (symptoma.com)

We describe a patient with a history of cutaneous, peritoneal, and fallopian tube vasculitis related to type II cryoglobulinaemia associated with Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia. (bmj.com)

Even though cryoglobulinaemia is a model of systemic vasculitis, peritoneal and fallopian tube vasculitis associated with type II cryoglobulinemia has not been described previously. (bmj.com)

However, central nervous system complications of cryoglobulinemia including stroke, encephalopathy and seizures are rarely reported. (jkna.org)

Cryoglobulinemia is the presence of abnormal proteins in the blood. (medlineplus.gov)
Cryoglobulinemia is defined as the presence of abnormal proteins in the blood that crystallize when cooled. (ovid.com)

Cryoglobulinemia

Cryoglobulins

Hepatitis C

Rheumatoid Factor

Pyroglobulins

Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative

Plasmapheresis

Vasculitis

Hepatitis C, Chronic

Hepacivirus

Paraproteinemias

Polyarteritis Nodosa

Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial

Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous

Polyneuropathies

Interferon-alpha

Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived

Immunoglobulin M

Paraproteins

Lymphoproliferative Disorders

Immune Complex Diseases

Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

Ribavirin

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune

Hepatitis Antibodies

B-Lymphocytes

Lymphoma, B-Cell

Hepatitis C Antibodies

Glomerulonephritis

Blood Proteins

Chemical Precipitation

Immunoglobulin G

Gels

Minnesota

Regional Blood Flow

Hospitals, Group Practice

PubMed

Liver Diseases

Periodicals as Topic

Copyright

Software

Licensure

Moral Obligations

Congresses as Topic

Cryoglobulinaemia and rheumatic manifestations in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. (1/282)

Interferon-alpha may exacerbate cryoblobulinemia-related ischemic manifestations: an adverse effect potentially related to its anti-angiogenic activity. (2/282)

Response to interferon alpha treatment and disappearance of cryoglobulinaemia in patients infected by hepatitis C virus. (3/282)

Sustained response to interferon-alpha or to interferon-alpha plus ribavirin in hepatitis C virus-associated symptomatic mixed cryoglobulinaemia. (4/282)

Hepatitis C virus but not GB virus C/hepatitis G virus has a role in type II cryoglobulinemia. (5/282)

Mixed cryoglobulinemia secondary to visceral Leishmaniasis. (6/282)

Prevalence and clinical features of cryoglobulinaemia in multitransfused beta-thalassaemia patients. (7/282)

Increased serum concentrations of soluble HLA-class I antigens in hepatitis C virus related mixed cryoglobulinaemia. (8/282)

Viruses | Free Full-Text | Molecular Signatures of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-Induced Type II Mixed Cryoglobulinemia (MCII) | HTML

Waterloo IA Internist Doctors - Essential Mixed Cryoglobulinemia: Symptoms, Treatment

Broomfield CO Internist Doctors - Essential Mixed Cryoglobulinemia: Symptoms, Treatment

Clonal B cells in patients with hepatitis C virus-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia contain an expanded anergic CD21low B-cell...

HCV Proteins and Immunoglobulin Variable Gene (IgV) Subfamilies in HCV-Induced Type II Mixed Cryoglobulinemia: A Concurrent...

Remission of hepatitis C virus-associated cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis with interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin combination...

Cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis: classification and clinical and therapeutic aspects | Postgraduate Medical Journal

Thyroid involvement in patients with overt HCV-related mixed cryoglobulinaemia | IRIS Università di Pisa

Analysis of interleukin (IL)-1beta IL-1 receptor antagonist, soluble IL-1 receptor type II and IL-1 accessory protein in HCV...

Acute type II cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis mimicking atherosclerotic peripheral vascular disease. - Lenus, The Irish Health...

Mixed Cryoglobulinemia Syndrome (MCS) due to untreated hepatitis B with uncommon presentation: case report and literature...

Mixed cryoglobulinemia - pdf descargar

Familial mixed cryoglobulinemia | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - an NCATS Program

My Mama, My Guy and My Service Dog - Alliance for Cryoglobulinemia

Notes from Dr. RW: Hepatitis C-a multisystem disease

Contact Us - Alliance for Cryoglobulinemia

Immunological and clinical follow up of hepatitis C virus associated cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis | Annals of the Rheumatic...

Renal diseases in the elderly underwent to percutaneous biopsy of native kidneys

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in lymphocyte subsets and in B lymphocytes expressing rheumatoid factor cross-reacting idiotype in type...

Hepatitis C virus infection, cryoglobulinaemia, and beyond | IRIS Univ. Bari

Clinical spectrum of cryoglobulinaemic neuropathy | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

1 Sheng-Shun Yang, M.D., Ph.D. Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans...

Dustin, L Group | Viral Infection and Immunity - Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences

Ultrasonographic damages of major salivary glands are associated with cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and lymphoma in primary...

Extrahepatic Manifestations of Hepatitis C Virus Infection | Annals of Internal Medicine | American College of Physicians

Chronic liver fibrosis triggers autoantibody production by B cells in a MyD88-dependent pathway (BA4P.126) | The Journal of...

Cryoglobulinemia in chronic liver diseases: role of hepatitis C virus and liver damage. - PubMed - NCBI

Mucosal Infection Associted Cryglobulinemia