Croton Oil
Croton
Dermatitis, Irritant
Papilloma
Methylazoxymethanol Acetate
Plant Extracts
Oils, Volatile
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene
Oils
Irritants
Ear
Rats, Inbred ACI
Gastrointestinal Transit
Edema
Fish Oils
Chronic inflammatory disease alters adhesion molecule requirements for acute neutrophil emigration in mouse skin. (1/87)
Mutant mice triply deficient in ICAM-1, E-selectin, and P-selectin did not develop the neutrophilic skin lesions that spontaneously arise in mutants doubly deficient in E-selectin and P-selectin. Thus, ICAM-1 is essential to skin disease resulting from endothelial selectin deficiency. During experimental dermatitis, acute neutrophil emigration was completely prevented in young mice deficient in both selectins (E/P and E/P/I mutants). However, older E/P mutants with spontaneous skin lesions displayed an endothelial selectin-independent pathway for acute neutrophil emigration. In contrast, emigration remained compromised in E/P/I mutants and CD18 mutants regardless of age or lesions. Experimentally induced chronic lesions elicited this pathway for acute emigration in young E/P mutants. Thus, an endothelial selectin-independent pathway for acute neutrophil emigration is induced in E/P mice by chronic inflammation at distant sites, and this pathway may contribute to skin disease resulting from endothelial selectin deficiency. (+info)Central and peripheral cannabinoid modulation of gastrointestinal transit in physiological states or during the diarrhoea induced by croton oil. (2/87)
We have evaluated the effect of cannabinoid drugs, administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) or intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) on upper gastrointestinal transit in control and in croton oil-treated mice. The cannabinoid agonists, WIN 55,212-2 (2-239 nmol mouse(-1)) and cannabinol (24-4027 nmol mouse(-1)), decreased while the CB(1) antagonist SR141716A (2-539 nmol mouse(-1)) increased transit in control mice. WIN 55,212-2, cannabinol and SR141716A had lower ED(50) values when administered i.c.v., than when administered i.p. The CB(2) antagonist SR144528 (52 nmol mouse(-1), i.p.) was without effect. During croton oil (0.01 ml mouse(-1), p.o.)-induced diarrhoea, the ED(50) values of i.p. -injected WIN 55,212-2 and cannabinol (but not SR141716A) were significantly decreased (compared to control mice). However, the ED(50) values of WIN 55,212-2 were similar after i.p. or i.c.v. administration. The inhibitory effects of WIN 55,212-2 and cannabinol were counteracted by SR141716A (16 nmol mouse(-1), i.p.) but not by SR144528 (52 nmol mouse(-1), i.p.) both in control and croton-oil treated mice. Ganglionic blockade with hexamethonium (69 nmol mouse(-1), i.p.) did not modify the inhibitory effect of i.p. -injected cannabinoid agonists either in control or in croton-oil treated mice. The lower ED(50) values of cannabinoid drugs after i.c.v. administration suggest a central (CB(1)) site of action. However, a peripheral site of action is suggested by the lack of effect of hexamethonium. In addition, croton oil-induced diarrhoea enhances the effect of cannabinoid agonists by a peripheral mechanism. (+info)Intestinal inflammation and morphine tolerance alter the interaction between morphine and clonidine on gastrointestinal transit in mice. (3/87)
BACKGROUND: Morphine and clonidine show synergy or antagonism inhibiting gastrointestinal transit depending on their proportion and level of effect. Their interaction during morphine tolerance and intestinal inflammation were assessed. METHODS: Gastrointestinal transit in mice was evaluated with charcoal and antitransit effects expressed as percent mean values +/- SEM. Tolerance was induced with a morphine pellet (75 mg) implanted for 72 h, and inflammation with intragastric croton oil. Dose-response curves for morphine and clonidine alone and combined at a 1:1 potency ratio were obtained, and doses producing a 50% and 60% inhibition were calculated (ED50, ED60). Interaction was established by isobolograms, interaction indexes, and analysis of variance. RESULTS: In naive and tolerant mice, the combination induced linear dose-response curves up to the ED60 and then reached a plateau. In naive mice, ED50 values were as follows: morphine 1.52 +/- 0.15 mg/kg, clonidine 0.09 +/- 0.008 mg/kg, and combined 0.506 +/- 0.084 mg/kg (0.478 +/- 0.08 mg/kg morphine plus 0.028 +/- 0.004 mg/kg clonidine). During tolerance, ED50 values were as follows: morphine 9.73 +/- 0.8 mg/kg, clonidine 0.09 +/- 0.007 mg/kg, combination 0.131 +/- 0.09 mg/kg (morphine 0. 13 +/- 0.09 mg/kg plus clonidine 0.0013 +/- 0.0005 mg/kg). In both groups, the interaction was synergistic up to the ED60 and antagonistic thereafter; synergy was enhanced during tolerance. During inflammation, ED50 values were as follows: morphine 0.17 +/- 0.04 mg/kg, clonidine 0.015 +/- 0.006 mg/kg, combined 0.62 +/- 0.04 mg/kg (morphine 0.568 +/- 0.04 mg/kg plus clonidine 0.052 +/- 0.004 mg/kg); thus, potencies of morphine and clonidine increased 9.3 and 7.1 times, while the combination remained unaltered. Moreover, inflammation transformed synergy into antagonism. CONCLUSIONS: The interaction between morphine and clonidine was significantly altered during tolerance and inflammation. During tolerance, synergy was present up to 60% effect and then became antagonistic. Inflammation converted synergy to antagonism. A common pathway in signal transduction could partially explain the results. (+info)Ozonation of mutagenic and carcinogenic polyaromatic amines and polyaromatic hydrocarbons in water. (4/87)
The Salmonella-microsome assay for mutagenesis was used to determine the effect of ozone on the mutagenesis of selected carcinogens and mutagens in water. Short periods of ozonation were shown to completely inactivate the mutagenicity of several polyaromatic amine mutagens including acriflavine, proflavine, and beta-naphthylamine. Selected polyaromatic hydrocarbons were also sensitive to ozonation. Kinetic studies revealed that the mutagenicity of benzo(a)pyrene, 3-methylcholanthrene, and 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene was destroyed after short periods of ozonation. To correlate loss of mutagenicity with loss of carcinogenicity, two polyaromatic hydrocarbons were treated with ozone, extracted from water with hexane, and tested for carcinogenicity in mice. When 7,12-dimethyl-benz(a)anthracene and 3-methyl-cholanthrene were treated with ozone, there was a substantial reduction in carcinogenicity compared to control groups treated with oxygen alone. However, a small number of tumors developed in the group of animals receiving a hexane extract of ozonated 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene. This activity may be due to breakdown products of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene that are not mutagenic. (+info)Chemical activation of innate and specific immunity in contact dermatitis. (5/87)
Recent reports have suggested that chemical-induced allergic contact dermatitis may not be a traditional type IV hypersensitivity, in part due to the dual irritant and antigenic properties of sensitizing chemicals. In order to investigate the contribution of these properties to the molecular and cellular mechanism underlying allergic contact dermatitis, we evaluated oxazolone-induced changes in cell populations and cytokine production in the dermis of transgenic mice with impaired innate immunity (the FcgammaR subunit knockout mouse), and absent specific immunity (the athymic mouse), and the appropriate B6,129F2 and C57BL/6 control mice. Oxazolone and croton oil were applied in a single sensitizing dose, or in sensitizing and challenge doses, and the dermal response was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. In the wild type mice, with or without sensitization to oxazolone or croton oil, we observed mixed Th1/Th2 cytokine production and both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes; however, the neutrophil was the predominant cell in the dermis, even 72 h after final chemical application. Athymic mice displayed a similar neutrophil response with moderate Th1/Th2 cytokine production, and FcgammaR subunit knockout mice exhibited very mild dermatitis when treated with either oxazolone or croton oil. These results provide support for the hypothesis that allergic contact dermatitis is not a classic delayed type hypersensitivity, demonstrate the importance of the interaction between the irritant and antigenic properties of sensitizing chemicals in the development of allergic contact dermatitis, and suggest that the irritant effect of chemicals may be mediated through the cutaneous innate immune system. (+info)Neutral endopeptidase terminates substance P-induced inflammation in allergic contact dermatitis. (6/87)
Sensory nerve-derived neuropeptides such as substance P demonstrate a number of proinflammatory bioactivities, but less is known about their role in inflammatory skin disease. The cell surface metalloprotease neutral endopeptidase (NEP) is the principal proteolytic substance P-degrading enzyme. This study tests the hypothesis that the absence of NEP results in dysregulated inflammatory skin responses. The effector phase of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) responses was examined in NEP(-/-) knockout and NEP(+/+) wild-type mice and compared with the irritant contact dermatitis response in these animals. NEP was found to be normally immunolocalized in epidermal keratinocytes and dermal blood vessels. The ACD ear swelling response was 2.5-fold higher in animals lacking NEP and was accompanied by a significant increase in plasma extravasation and infiltration of inflammatory leukocytes. The augmented ACD response in NEP(-/-) animals was abrogated by either administration of a neurokinin receptor 1 antagonist or by repeated pretreatment with topical capsaicin. Similar to NEP(-/-) mice, the acute inhibition of NEP in NEP(+/+) animals resulted in an augmented ACD response. In contrast to the ACD responses, little differences were observed in the irritant contact dermatitis response of NEP(-/-) compared with NEP(+/+) animals after epicutaneous application of the skin irritants croton oil or SDS. Thus, these results indicate that NEP and cutaneous neuropeptides have a significant role in the pathogenesis of ACD. (+info)Intestinal inflammation enhances the inhibitory effects of opioids on intestinal permeability in mice. (7/87)
The inhibitory effects of central and peripherally acting opioid agonists on intestinal permeability (PER) were evaluated during acute and chronic intestinal inflammation in mice. Inflammation was induced by the intragastric (p.o.) administration of one (acute) or two (chronic) doses of croton oil (CO), whereas controls received saline (SS). Intestinal PER was assessed by the blood-to-lumen transfer of 51Cr-ethylenediaminetetraacetate (51Cr-EDTA). CO significantly increased PER during acute (2.5 times) and chronic (3.2 times) inflammation. The potency of s.c. morphine-inhibiting PER was enhanced 3.8 and 8.7 times in acute and chronic CO, whereas that of s.c. fentanyl was increased 2.0 and 4.3 times, respectively, compared with SS. Similarly, s.c. [D-Pen(2,5)]-enkephalin was 4.7 and 11.1 times more potent during acute and chronic CO, and the E(max) values of the dose-response curves increased 35% during inflammation. The potency of s.c. U50,488H was 5.6 (acute) and 6.7 times (chronic) greater compared with SS. All effects were reversed by specific antagonists. The i.p. administration of beta-funaltrexamine differentially blocked morphine effects during acute and chronic CO, suggesting that the effects are mediated by different populations of functional mu-opioid receptors (OR). The increase in potencies of s.c. PL017 and ICI-204,448 during CO were comparable to those observed with fentanyl and U50,488H and their effects were antagonized by s.c. naloxone methiodide. Moreover, the potency of the agonists during inflammation was unaltered when administered i.c.v. The results show that intestinal inflammation enhances the effects of delta- > mu- > kappa-opioid agonists on PER by activation of peripheral OR. (+info)Nonspecific inhibition of DNA repair synthesis by tumor promoters in human diploid fibroblasts damaged with N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene. (8/87)
The effects of selected tumor-promoting agents and their nonpromoting analogs on DNA repair synthesis were examined in human diploid fibroblasts (WI-38) damaged with N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene. Over a range of doses, three promoters (croton oil, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, and anthralin) were found to inhibit DNA repair synthesis while their nonpromoting analogs (phorbol and 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone) had little effect. Another tumor promoter, phenol, inhibited DNA repair synthesis only at very high concentrations while an analog, 4-nitrophenol, produced inhibition of DNA repair synthesis at molar concentrations at which phenol had no effect. To investigate the specificity of this phenomenon, the effects of these agents on DNA-replicative synthesis, RNA synthesis, protein synthesis, and cell morphology were evaluated. At equimolar concentrations, tumor promoters were found to inhibit DNA-replicative synthesis as effectively as repair synthesis. RNA and protein synthesis were similarly inhibited over the same range of concentrations. Extensive morphological changes, interpreted as evidence of toxicity, were seen at concentrations of promoters that inhibited the macromolecular syntheses studied. The nonpromoting analogs, with the exception of nitrophenol, had little effect on these processes and showed only slight morphological damage. Thus tumor-promoting agents appeared to inhibit a number of macromolecular synthetic events, including DNA repair synthesis. It is suggested that the effect of tumor promoters on DNA repair synthesis is part of a general response to cellular injury rather than a selective response involving a single metabolic pathway. Furthermore, it is unlikely that the inhibition of repair synthesis represents the major mode of action of promoting agents in the carcinogenic process. (+info)Croton oil is a highly toxic, irritant, and vesicant liquid that is derived from the seeds of the croton tiglium plant. It is a type of unsaturated fatty acid known as an octadecatrienoic acid, and it contains a mixture of various chemical compounds including crotonic acid, diglycerides, and phorbol esters.
Croton oil is commonly used in laboratory research as a pharmacological tool to study the mechanisms of inflammation, pain, and skin irritation. It can also be used as a veterinary medicine to treat certain types of intestinal parasites in animals. However, due to its high toxicity and potential for causing severe burns and blisters on the skin, it is not used in human medicine.
It's important to note that croton oil should only be handled by trained professionals in a controlled laboratory setting, as improper use or exposure can result in serious injury or death.
The term "Croton" is most commonly used to refer to a genus of flowering plants in the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae), which includes over 700 species. These plants are native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, with many having colorful and distinctive leaves or flowers.
However, "Croton" is not a medical term and does not have a specific definition in the context of medicine. If you have any questions about a medical condition or treatment that involves the use of the term "Croton," it would be best to consult with a healthcare professional for clarification.
Irritant contact dermatitis is a type of inflammation of the skin (dermatitis) that results from exposure to an external substance that directly damages the skin. It can be caused by both chemical and physical agents, such as solvents, detergents, acids, alkalis, friction, and extreme temperatures. The reaction typically occurs within hours or days of exposure and can cause symptoms such as redness, swelling, itching, burning, and pain. Unlike allergic contact dermatitis, which requires sensitization to a specific allergen, irritant contact dermatitis can occur after a single exposure to an irritant in sufficient concentration or after repeated exposures to lower concentrations of the substance.
A papilloma is a benign (noncancerous) tumor that grows on a stalk, often appearing as a small cauliflower-like growth. It can develop in various parts of the body, but when it occurs in the mucous membranes lining the respiratory, digestive, or genitourinary tracts, they are called squamous papillomas. The most common type is the skin papilloma, which includes warts. They are usually caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and can be removed through various medical procedures if they become problematic or unsightly.
Methylazoxymethanol Acetate (MAM) is not a medication or therapeutic agent used in human medicine. It is a research tool, specifically a neurotoxin, that is used in laboratory studies to help understand the development and organization of the nervous system, particularly in relation to neurodegenerative disorders and brain injuries.
MAM is primarily used in animal models, often rats or mice, to study the effects of early life exposure to neurotoxic substances on brain development. It is known to cause widespread degeneration of nerve cells (neurons) and disruption of normal neural connections, which can provide valuable insights into the processes underlying various neurological conditions.
However, it's important to note that MAM is not used as a treatment or therapy in human medicine due to its neurotoxic properties.
Medical definitions generally do not include plant oils as a specific term. However, in a biological or biochemical context, plant oils, also known as vegetable oils, are defined as lipid extracts derived from various parts of plants such as seeds, fruits, and leaves. They mainly consist of triglycerides, which are esters of glycerol and three fatty acids. The composition of fatty acids can vary between different plant sources, leading to a range of physical and chemical properties that make plant oils useful for various applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Some common examples of plant oils include olive oil, coconut oil, sunflower oil, and jojoba oil.
A plant extract is a preparation containing chemical constituents that have been extracted from a plant using a solvent. The resulting extract may contain a single compound or a mixture of several compounds, depending on the extraction process and the specific plant material used. These extracts are often used in various industries including pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and food and beverage, due to their potential therapeutic or beneficial properties. The composition of plant extracts can vary widely, and it is important to ensure their quality, safety, and efficacy before use in any application.
Phytotherapy is the use of extracts of natural origin, especially plants or plant parts, for therapeutic purposes. It is also known as herbal medicine and is a traditional practice in many cultures. The active compounds in these plant extracts are believed to have various medicinal properties, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, or sedative effects. Practitioners of phytotherapy may use the whole plant, dried parts, or concentrated extracts to prepare teas, capsules, tinctures, or ointments for therapeutic use. It is important to note that the effectiveness and safety of phytotherapy are not always supported by scientific evidence, and it should be used with caution and preferably under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
Volatile oils, also known as essential oils, are a type of organic compound that are naturally produced in plants. They are called "volatile" because they evaporate quickly at room temperature due to their high vapor pressure. These oils are composed of complex mixtures of various compounds, including terpenes, terpenoids, aldehydes, ketones, esters, and alcohols. They are responsible for the characteristic aroma and flavor of many plants and are often used in perfumes, flavors, and aromatherapy. In a medical context, volatile oils may have therapeutic properties and be used in certain medications or treatments, but it's important to note that they can also cause adverse reactions if not used properly.
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) is a synthetic, aromatic hydrocarbon that is commonly used in research as a carcinogenic compound. It is a potent tumor initiator and has been widely used to study chemical carcinogenesis in laboratory animals.
DMBA is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with two benzene rings fused together, and two methyl groups attached at the 9 and 10 positions. This structure allows DMBA to intercalate into DNA, causing mutations that can lead to cancer.
Exposure to DMBA has been shown to cause a variety of tumors in different organs, depending on the route of administration and dose. In animal models, DMBA is often applied to the skin or administered orally to induce tumors in the mammary glands, lungs, or digestive tract.
It's important to note that DMBA is not a natural compound found in the environment and is used primarily for research purposes only. It should be handled with care and appropriate safety precautions due to its carcinogenic properties.
In the context of medicine and pharmacology, oils are typically defined as lipid-based substances that are derived from plants or animals. They are made up of molecules called fatty acids, which can be either saturated or unsaturated. Oils are often used in medical treatments and therapies due to their ability to deliver active ingredients through the skin, as well as their moisturizing and soothing properties. Some oils, such as essential oils, are also used in aromatherapy for their potential therapeutic benefits. However, it's important to note that some oils can be toxic or irritating if ingested or applied to the skin in large amounts, so they should always be used with caution and under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
Irritants, in a medical context, refer to substances or factors that cause irritation or inflammation when they come into contact with bodily tissues. These substances can cause a range of reactions depending on the type and duration of exposure, as well as individual sensitivity. Common examples include chemicals found in household products, pollutants, allergens, and environmental factors like extreme temperatures or friction.
When irritants come into contact with the skin, eyes, respiratory system, or mucous membranes, they can cause symptoms such as redness, swelling, itching, pain, coughing, sneezing, or difficulty breathing. In some cases, prolonged exposure to irritants can lead to more serious health problems, including chronic inflammation, tissue damage, and disease.
It's important to note that irritants are different from allergens, which trigger an immune response in sensitive individuals. While both can cause similar symptoms, the underlying mechanisms are different: allergens cause a specific immune reaction, while irritants directly affect the affected tissues without involving the immune system.
The ear is the sensory organ responsible for hearing and maintaining balance. It can be divided into three parts: the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear. The outer ear consists of the pinna (the visible part of the ear) and the external auditory canal, which directs sound waves toward the eardrum. The middle ear contains three small bones called ossicles that transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear. The inner ear contains the cochlea, a spiral-shaped organ responsible for converting sound vibrations into electrical signals that are sent to the brain, and the vestibular system, which is responsible for maintaining balance.
I'm having a bit of difficulty understanding the specific term you're asking about, as "Rats, Inbred ACI" doesn't seem to be a standardized nomenclature in the field of medical or biological sciences. However, I can provide some information that might help you understand this term better.
"Inbred" refers to a strain of animals that have been produced by mating individuals that are closely related over many generations. This results in a population that is highly homozygous at most genetic loci, meaning that the same allele (version of a gene) is present on both copies of the chromosome.
"ACI" is an abbreviation for August Copenhagen Irish, which is a strain of laboratory rats that were developed in the 1920s by crossing several different rat stocks. The ACI rat strain is known for its low incidence of spontaneous tumors and other diseases, making it a popular choice for biomedical research.
Therefore, "Inbred ACI" likely refers to a specific strain of laboratory rats that are genetically identical to each other due to inbreeding, and which belong to the ACI rat strain. However, I would recommend consulting the original source or contacting an expert in the field to confirm this interpretation.
Gastrointestinal transit refers to the movement of food, digestive secretions, and waste products through the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus. This process involves several muscles and nerves that work together to propel the contents through the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum.
The transit time can vary depending on factors such as the type and amount of food consumed, hydration levels, and overall health. Abnormalities in gastrointestinal transit can lead to various conditions, including constipation, diarrhea, and malabsorption. Therefore, maintaining normal gastrointestinal transit is essential for proper digestion, nutrient absorption, and overall health.
Edema is the medical term for swelling caused by excess fluid accumulation in the body tissues. It can affect any part of the body, but it's most commonly noticed in the hands, feet, ankles, and legs. Edema can be a symptom of various underlying medical conditions, such as heart failure, kidney disease, liver disease, or venous insufficiency.
The swelling occurs when the capillaries leak fluid into the surrounding tissues, causing them to become swollen and puffy. The excess fluid can also collect in the cavities of the body, leading to conditions such as pleural effusion (fluid around the lungs) or ascites (fluid in the abdominal cavity).
The severity of edema can vary from mild to severe, and it may be accompanied by other symptoms such as skin discoloration, stiffness, and pain. Treatment for edema depends on the underlying cause and may include medications, lifestyle changes, or medical procedures.
Fish oils are a type of fat or lipid derived from the tissues of oily fish. They are a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). These fatty acids have been associated with various health benefits such as reducing inflammation, decreasing the risk of heart disease, improving brain function, and promoting eye health. Fish oils can be consumed through diet or taken as a dietary supplement in the form of capsules or liquid. It is important to note that while fish oils have potential health benefits, they should not replace a balanced diet and medical advice should be sought before starting any supplementation.
Skin neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the skin that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). They result from uncontrolled multiplication of skin cells, which can form various types of lesions. These growths may appear as lumps, bumps, sores, patches, or discolored areas on the skin.
Benign skin neoplasms include conditions such as moles, warts, and seborrheic keratoses, while malignant skin neoplasms are primarily classified into melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma. These three types of cancerous skin growths are collectively known as non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). Melanoma is the most aggressive and dangerous form of skin cancer, while NMSCs tend to be less invasive but more common.
It's essential to monitor any changes in existing skin lesions or the appearance of new growths and consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and treatment if needed.
Croton oil
Croton capitatus
Croton gratissimus
Croton nepetifolius
Croton megalocarpus
Phorbol
Tiglic acid
Robert Liveing
U.S. Route 202 in New York
Chemical peel
Anethole
Linoleic acid
Lucy Everest Boole
List of vegetable oils
Emu
Shinsarugakuki
Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate
Crotonic acid
List of unsaturated fatty acids
Ferdinand Ritter von Hebra
Joseph Lister
Broadway Avenue Historic District (Cleveland, Ohio)
Khudai Khidmatgar
Paper marbling
Torpedo juice
Croton sylvaticus
February 1904
Isobutyric acid
Croton (plant)
Croton macrostachyus
Croton oil - Wikipedia
Croton megalocarpus Croton tree PFAF Plant Database
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- Croton oil (Crotonis oleum) is an oil prepared from the seeds of Croton tiglium, a tree belonging to the order Euphorbiales and family Euphorbiaceae, and native or cultivated in India and the Malay Archipelago. (wikipedia.org)
- Because croton tiglium oil is cocarcinogenic, it has been used in tumor research. (wikipedia.org)
- Devinez Croton (Croton tiglium) Cold-Pressed Oil, 100% Pure, Natural & Undiluted - 10ml is backordered and will ship as soon as it is back in stock. (devinezindia.com)
Zambesicus1
- Essential oils from Croton zambesicus Muell. (nist.gov)
Lechleri4
- A pure natural resin extracted from the sangre de grado tree (Croton lechleri) which is also called "dragon's blood. (rain-tree.com)
- Croton lechleri sap and isolated alkaloid taspine exhibit inhibition against human melanoma SK23 and colon cancer HT29 cell lines. (rain-tree.com)
- Antitumor effect of Croton lechleri Mull. (rain-tree.com)
- Evaluation of the mutagenic, antimutagenic and antiproliferative potential of Croton lechleri (Muell. (rain-tree.com)
Megalocarpus5
- Croton megalocarpus - Hutch. (pfaf.org)
- Indigenous to Sub-Saharan Africa, Croton megalocarpus is a fast growing deciduous tree that reaches up to 36 m high upon maturity. (pfaf.org)
- Croton megalocarpus is a deciduous Tree growing to 25 m (82ft) by 25 m (82ft) at a fast rate. (pfaf.org)
- Croton megalocarpus trees develop a deep taproot. (pfaf.org)
- In Kenya,Croton megalocarpus. (echocommunity.org)
Seeds2
- Tincture of the oil from the seeds. (homeomall.com)
- Abstract, Croton oil was extracted from dry seeds by a mechanical pressing machine then filtered to remove solid impurities. (echocommunity.org)
Irritation2
- Externally, the oil can cause irritation and swelling. (wikipedia.org)
- Irritation of the conjunctiva indicates Croton tig. (homeomall.com)
Essential Oils9
- Devinez India Founded in 2014 to support worldwide distribution of the finest Essential Oils, Carrier Oils, Herbal Extracts, Floral Hydrosols and Home decor products. (devinezindia.com)
- Composition of the essential oils from the leaves of two varieties of Aspilia africana (Pers. (nist.gov)
- Essential oils of six Gomidesia spp. (nist.gov)
- Composition of the essential oils from the leaves of Microglossa pyrifolia (Lam. (nist.gov)
- 23. Chemical composition of leaf essential oils of Eucalyptus goniocalyx F. Muell. (nist.gov)
- Provide pure, high quality essential oils and products. (doterra.com)
- From product spotlights to recipes and DIYs, our blogs provide many unique and innovative ways to use your essential oils safely and effectively. (doterra.com)
- Learn what essential oils are and how to use them. (doterra.com)
- Borneol is obtained from essential oils of many different plant species that are indigenous to Southeast Asia as well as Borneo - the organic compound got its name owing to its association with Borneo in Indonesia. (herbs2000.com)
Twigs1
- Organic essential oil of Ambolafotsy obtained from the distillation of twigs. (houseofpureessence.com)
Inflammation2
- Using avian models of experimental inflammation, induced by endotoxin and croton oil, we examined the changes in the serum proteins of chickens and found transferrin to be a major APP that was identical to ovotransferrin (OVT), an egg white protein. (usda.gov)
- Vesicular inflammation of the skin indicates Croton tig. (homeomall.com)
Vitro2
Composition3
Drops1
- Faye is poisoned with a combination of first strychnine (unsuccessfully) and then two drops of croton oil, on a salad of home-canned beans, mimicking accidental botulism poisoning. (wikipedia.org)
Extract2
- Results: The in vivo assay showed that the oral-topical combination use of the ethanolic extract of G. pictum leaves demonstrated significant improvement on the croton oil-induced anorectal damage better than the single application by oral or topical application. (unair.ac.id)
- Also anticarcinogenic potential of Henna leaf extract was studied adopting the protocol of benzo(a)pyrene induced forestomach and 7,12 dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-initiated and croton oil-promoted skin papillomagenesis. (nih.gov)
Carrier Oils2
- Do not ingest carrier oils. (devinezindia.com)
- If you have sensitive skin, epilepsy, heart or kidney problems, or any serious medical condition, Do not use carrier oils unless advised by a physician or medical professional that it is safe. (devinezindia.com)
Painful1
- Since croton oil is very irritating and painful, it is used in laboratory animals to study how pain works, pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory drugs, and immunology. (wikipedia.org)
Skin3
- Croton oil is used in Phenol-croton oil chemical peels for its caustic exfoliating effects it has on the skin. (wikipedia.org)
- Glycolic acid peels contain alphahydroxy acids (AHAs) that smoothly exfoliate your skin to unclog the oil-filled sebaceous glands. (redbamboomedispa.com)
- Patients who are looking for a more insistent sebum-reducing cure, however, should reflect on a TCA skin peel, that alters skin's acidity level to stop the progress of bacteria and other oil overgrowths. (redbamboomedispa.com)
Crude2
- Sailors devised crude stills to separate the alcohol from the croton oil, as alcohol evaporates at a lower temperature than croton oil. (wikipedia.org)
- Acrolein is highly soluble in water and miscible with many organic solvents (e.g., lower alcohols, ketones, benzene, diethyl ether, crude oil, and petroleum fuels). (cdc.gov)
Benth1
- Chemical compositions of the essential oil and calculation the biophysicochemical coefficients of the components of Hymenocrater longiflorus Benth. (scirp.org)
Throat2
- That suffices, / When it rises, / Snip it, sir, and then your throat on / Rub a little oil of Croton: / Never mind a little pain! (wikipedia.org)
- Scraping in the throat, which provokes hawking is relieved with Croton tig. (homeomall.com)
Laboratory1
- Pure phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate which is found in croton oil is now used widely in laboratory research to induce tumor development. (wikipedia.org)
Ingredients1
- In the 1966 movie El Dorado starring John Wayne, cayenne pepper, hot mustard, ipecac, asafoetida, croton oil, and gunpowder are the ingredients in an emetic administered to the drunken sheriff J. P. Harrah (Robert Mitchum) to sober him up and prevent him from drinking for the foreseeable future. (wikipedia.org)
Falls4
- SOMERS, N.Y. -- Somers artist Dorothy Lorenze will display some of her oil paintings through September at a cafe in Croton Falls. (dailyvoice.com)
- Who s Cooking, in Croton Falls, is hosting a display of oil paintings by Dorothy Lorenze. (dailyvoice.com)
- Nostalgia Captured in Oil" is the title of the exhibition of original oil paintings by Lorenze, which are on display in the dining area of Who's Cooking, 14 Front St., Croton Falls. (dailyvoice.com)
- Do you need an oil tank sweep to locate an underground oil tank in Croton Falls, NY ? (c2g.us)
Chemical1
- Croton oil is the source of the chemical compound phorbol. (wikipedia.org)
Plant2
- Croton plant is commonly referred to as croton, or rushfoil. (devinezindia.com)
- Oils derived from plants or plant products. (bvsalud.org)
Content1
- Croton nuts have relatively high nitrogen content compared to typical composts and manures. (pfaf.org)
Effect1
- The objective of this study was to characterize and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of C. rhamnifolioides essential oil complexed in ß- cyclodextrin (COEFC). (bvsalud.org)
Medicine1
- Croton rhamnifolioides is used in popular medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases . (bvsalud.org)
Frequently2
- In the movie They Rode West, released in 1954 and starring Robert Francis, an Army post's previous physician was widely disliked because he frequently prescribed croton oil for the troops. (wikipedia.org)
- Nausea, and inclination to vomit, frequently, with continuous loathing and uneasiness indicates Croton tig. (homeomall.com)
Present2
- Tumor promotion activity was traced to phorbol esters present in croton oil. (wikipedia.org)
- Complexation of ß- cyclodextrin / Essential oil (ß-CD/EO) may present an important tool in the study of new compounds for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs . (bvsalud.org)
Removal1
- As a biocide, acrolein is intentionally released into the environment as an herbicide and algicide to control the growth of aquatic plants in irrigation waters, drainage ditches, and processing waters, and as a microbiocide in the control of sulfide producing bacteria and the removal of hydrogen sulfide and iron sulfide from oil production and injection wells. (cdc.gov)
Damage1
- Damage to your personal property, neighboring properties, nearby streams and lakes, and precious groundwater used for drinking purposes have all been attributed to leaking oil tanks throughout the years. (c2g.us)
Back1
- Excruciating pain running from nipple to back, mastitis indicates Croton tig. (homeomall.com)
Animal1
- Animal feeds: Croton seed cake is used in animal feeds. (pfaf.org)
Traditional2
- Her subjects include traditional fruits, vegetables and china glassware, as well as vintage objects from teapots to oil cans. (dailyvoice.com)
- In the mid-1800s, a number of Chinese immigrants working on the Transcontinental Railroad applied water-snake oil to their aching joints at day's end, a traditional Chinese remedy. (nautil.us)
Years1
- HRFA investigates the Anaconda Wire and Copper Company in Hastings-on-Hudson which has dumped oil and solvents into the river for years. (riverkeeper.org)
Prevent1
- The oil was intended to prevent sailors from drinking the alcohol fuel. (wikipedia.org)
Storage1
- There are times when a site owner may suspect they have an underground oil storage tank on the property but are unsure. (c2g.us)
Company1
- An essential oil company changing the world one drop at a time. (doterra.com)
Discover1
- If you should you purchase one of these properties and later discover an out of service underground oil tank, you may be in for an unexpected headache. (c2g.us)
