Crossing Over, Genetic
Gene Conversion
Meiosis
Recombination, Genetic
Synaptonemal Complex
Chromosomes, Fungal
Chromosomes
Models, Genetic
Crosses, Genetic
DNA, Cruciform
Chromosome Mapping
Pachytene Stage
Chromosome Inversion
Meiotic Prophase I
Mutation
Plantago
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Diploidy
Alleles
Nondisjunction, Genetic
DNA Repair
Chromatids
Genetic Markers
Heterozygote
Spermatocytes
L-Aminoadipate-Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase
Drosophila melanogaster
X Chromosome
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
Centromere
Biological Evolution
Molecular Sequence Data
Base Sequence
Prophase
Genetic Linkage
Drosophila
DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded
Base Pair Mismatch
Evolution, Molecular
Phenotype
Chromosome Breakage
Sister Chromatid Exchange
Mitosis
Selection, Genetic
Multigene Family
Endodeoxyribonucleases
Mosaicism
Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
Zea mays
Sex Chromosomes
Rad51 Recombinase
Heterochromatin
Translocation, Genetic
DNA
RecQ Helicases
Genotype
Caenorhabditis elegans
DNA-Binding Proteins
Exodeoxyribonucleases
Species Specificity
Plasmids
Blotting, Southern
Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
Telomere
Endonucleases
Polymorphism, Genetic
Genes
Genome
Schizosaccharomyces
Mutagenesis
Restriction Mapping
Gene Deletion
DNA Helicases
DNA Primers
Genetics, Population
Gene Dosage
Chromosome Aberrations
Plants
Gene Duplication
Drosophila Proteins
Cross-Over Studies
Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
Amino Acid Sequence
DNA Damage
Gene Frequency
Cell Cycle Proteins
Ultraviolet Rays
A genetic linkage map of rat chromosome 9 with a new locus for variant activity of liver aldehyde oxidase. (1/1272)
A genetic linkage map of rat chromosome 9 consisting of five loci including a new biochemical marker representing a genetic variation of the activity of the liver aldehyde oxidase, (Aox) was constructed. Linkage analysis of the five loci among 92 backcross progeny of (WKS/Iar x IS/Iar)F1 x WKS/Iar revealed significant linkages between these loci. Minimizing crossover frequency resulted in the best gene order: Aox-D9Mit4-Gls-Cryg-Tp53l1. The homologues of the Cryg, Gls, and Aox genes have been mapped on mouse chromosome 1 and human chromosome 2q. The present findings provide further evidence for the conservation of synteny among these regions of rat, mouse, and human chromosomes. (+info)Removal of one nonhomologous DNA end during gene conversion by a RAD1- and MSH2-independent pathway. (2/1272)
Repair of a double-strand break (DSB) by homologous recombination depends on the invasion of a 3'-ended strand into an intact template sequence to initiate new DNA synthesis. When the end of the invading DNA is not homologous to the donor, the nonhomologous sequences must be removed before new synthesis can begin. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the removal of these ends depends on both the nucleotide excision repair endonuclease Rad1p/Rad10p and the mismatch repair proteins Msh2p/Msh3p. In rad1 or msh2 mutants, when both ends of the DSB have nonhomologous ends, repair is reduced approximately 90-fold compared to a plasmid with perfect ends; however, with only one nonhomologous end, repair is reduced on average only 5-fold. These results suggest that yeast has an alternative, but less efficient, way to remove a nonhomologous tail from the second end participating in gene conversion. When the removal of one nonhomologous end is impaired in rad1 and msh2 mutants, there is also a 1-hr delay in the appearance of crossover products of gene conversion, compared to noncrossovers. We interpret these results in terms of the formation and resolution of alternative intermediates of a synthesis-dependent strand annealing mechanism. (+info)Distribution of crossing over on mouse synaptonemal complexes using immunofluorescent localization of MLH1 protein. (3/1272)
We have used immunofluorescent localization to examine the distribution of MLH1 (MutL homolog) foci on synaptonemal complexes (SCs) from juvenile male mice. MLH1 is a mismatch repair protein necessary for meiotic recombination in mice, and MLH1 foci have been proposed to mark crossover sites. We present evidence that the number and distribution of MLH1 foci on SCs closely correspond to the number and distribution of chiasmata on diplotene-metaphase I chromosomes. MLH1 foci were typically excluded from SC in centromeric heterochromatin. For SCs with one MLH1 focus, most foci were located near the middle of long SCs, but near the distal end of short SCs. For SCs with two MLH1 foci, the distribution of foci was bimodal regardless of SC length, with most foci located near the proximal and distal ends. The distribution of MLH1 foci indicated interference between foci. We observed a consistent relative distance (percent of SC length in euchromatin) between two foci on SCs of different lengths, suggesting that positive interference between MLH1 foci is a function of relative SC length. The extended length of pachytene SCs, as compared to more condensed diplotene-metaphase I bivalents, makes mapping crossover events and interference distances using MLH1 foci more accurate than using chiasmata. (+info)The frequency and allelism of lethal chromosomes in isolated desert populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura. (4/1272)
Second-chromosome lethals were extracted from four populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura in Southern California. Two of the populations were from desert oases and two from the classic habitat on Mt. San Jacinto, previously studied by Dobzhansky. Allelism tests were made on the lethals within and between all locations. The frequency of lethal second-chromosomes in each location was 0.18, and this was not different from the results of other workers for samples throughout the species range. Interpopulational allelism rates were about 0.005, and not different from earlier results of Dobzhansky. Intrapopulational rates in this study were, with one exception, the same as the interpopulational rates, and significantly lower than Dobzhansky found using the third chromosome. This may be due to lethals being linked with heterotic third-chromosome inversions. The allelism rate of the exceptional population (about 0.03 and equal to Dobzhansky's intrapopulational results) may be due to heterotic lethals, or a founder effect. Two lethals were found in three populations each, possibly due to migration among these populations, which are up to 334 km apart. (+info)Intermolecular V(D)J recombination is prohibited specifically at the joining step. (5/1272)
V(D)J recombination, normally an intramolecular process, assembles immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes from V, D, and J coding segments. Oncogenic chromosome translocations can result from aberrant rearrangements, such as occur in intermolecular V(D)J recombination. How this is normally prevented remains unclear; DNA cleavage, joining, or both could be impaired when the recombination signal sequences (RSS) are located in trans, on separate DNA molecules. Here, we show that both trans cleavage and joining of signal ends occur efficiently in vivo. Unexpectedly, trans joining of coding ends is severely impaired (100-to 1000-fold), indicating that protection against intermolecular V(D)J recombination is established at the joining step. These findings suggest a novel surveillance mechanism for eliminating cells containing aberrant V(D)J rearrangements. (+info)Genetic recombination of poliovirus in vitro and in vivo: temperature-dependent alteration of crossover sites. (6/1272)
Genetic recombination that occurs with high frequency during poliovirus genome replication is a process whose molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Studies of genetic recombination in a cell-free system in vitro and in infected tissue culture cells in vivo have led to the unexpected observation that temperature strongly influences the loci at which cross-over between the two recombining RNA strands occurs. Specifically, cross-over between two genetically marked RNA strands in vitro and in vivo at 34 degrees C occurred over a wide range of the genome. In contrast, recombination in vivo at 37 and 40 degrees C yielded cross-over patterns that had shifted dramatically to a region encoding nonstructural proteins. Preferential selection of recombinants at 37 and 40 degrees C was ruled out by analyses of the growth kinetics of the recombinants. During the studies of recombination in the cell-free system we found that there is a direct correlation between the ability of a poliovirus RNA molecule to replicate in the cell-free system and its capacity to complement de novo virus synthesis programmed by another viral RNA. (+info)Three-dimensional microscopy of the Rad51 recombination protein during meiotic prophase. (7/1272)
An open question in meiosis is whether the Rad51 recombination protein functions solely in meiotic recombination or whether it is also involved in the chromosome homology search. To address this question, we have performed three-dimensional high-resolution immunofluorescence microscopy to visualize native Rad51 structures in maize male meiocytes. Maize has two closely related RAD51 genes that are expressed at low levels in differentiated tissues and at higher levels in mitotic and meiotic tissues. Cells and nuclei were specially fixed and embedded in polyacrylamide to maintain both native chromosome structure and the three dimensionality of the specimens. Analysis of Rad51 in maize meiocytes revealed that when chromosomes condense during leptotene, Rad51 is diffuse within the nucleus. Rad51 foci form on the chromosomes at the beginning of zygotene and rise to approximately 500 per nucleus by mid-zygotene when chromosomes are pairing and synapsing. During chromosome pairing, we consistently found two contiguous Rad51 foci on paired chromosomes. These paired foci may identify the sites where DNA sequence homology is being compared. During pachytene, the number of Rad51 foci drops to seven to 22 per nucleus. This higher number corresponds approximately to the number of chiasmata in maize meiosis. These observations are consistent with a role for Rad51 in the homology search phase of chromosome pairing in addition to its known role in meiotic recombination. (+info)Use of a recombination reporter insert to define meiotic recombination domains on chromosome III of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (8/1272)
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, meiotic recombination is initiated by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). DSBs usually occur in intergenic regions that display nuclease hypersensitivity in digests of chromatin. DSBs are distributed nonuniformly across chromosomes; on chromosome III, DSBs are concentrated in two "hot" regions, one in each chromosome arm. DSBs occur rarely in regions within about 40 kb of each telomere and in an 80-kb region in the center of the chromosome, just to the right of the centromere. We used recombination reporter inserts containing arg4 mutant alleles to show that the "cold" properties of the central DSB-deficient region are imposed on DNA inserted in the region. Cold region inserts display DSB and recombination frequencies that are substantially less than those seen with similar inserts in flanking hot regions. This occurs without apparent change in chromatin structure, as the same pattern and level of DNase I hypersensitivity is seen in chromatin of hot and cold region inserts. These data are consistent with the suggestion that features of higher-order chromosome structure or chromosome dynamics act in a target sequence-independent manner to control where recombination events initiate during meiosis. (+info)Inversions are classified based on their location along the chromosome:
* Interstitial inversion: A segment of DNA is reversed within a larger gene or group of genes.
* Pericentric inversion: A segment of DNA is reversed near the centromere, the region of the chromosome where the sister chromatids are most closely attached.
Chromosome inversions can be detected through cytogenetic analysis, which allows visualization of the chromosomes and their structure. They can also be identified using molecular genetic techniques such as PCR (polymerase chain reaction) or array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH).
Chromosome inversions are relatively rare in the general population, but they have been associated with various developmental disorders and an increased risk of certain diseases. For example, individuals with an inversion on chromosome 8p have an increased risk of developing cancer, while those with an inversion on chromosome 9q have a higher risk of developing neurological disorders.
Inversions can be inherited from one or both parents, and they can also occur spontaneously as a result of errors during DNA replication or repair. In some cases, inversions may be associated with other genetic abnormalities, such as translocations or deletions.
Overall, chromosome inversions are an important aspect of human genetics and can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying developmental disorders and disease susceptibility.
There are several types of genetic nondisjunction, including:
1. Robertsonian translocation: This type of nondisjunction involves the exchange of genetic material between two chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of genetic information that can lead to developmental abnormalities.
2. Turner syndrome: This is a rare condition that occurs when one X chromosome is missing or partially present, leading to physical and developmental abnormalities in females.
3. Klinefelter syndrome: This condition occurs when an extra X chromosome is present, leading to physical and developmental abnormalities in males.
4. Trisomy 13: This condition occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 13, leading to severe developmental and physical abnormalities.
5. Trisomy 18: This condition occurs when there are three copies of chromosome 18, leading to severe developmental and physical abnormalities.
Genetic nondisjunction can be caused by various factors, including genetic mutations, errors during meiosis, or exposure to certain chemicals or radiation. It can be diagnosed through cytogenetic analysis, which involves studying the chromosomes of cells to identify any abnormalities.
Treatment for genetic nondisjunction depends on the specific type and severity of the condition. In some cases, no treatment is necessary, while in others, medication or surgery may be recommended. Prenatal testing can also be done to detect genetic nondisjunction before birth.
In summary, genetic nondisjunction is a chromosomal abnormality that occurs during meiosis and can lead to developmental and physical abnormalities. It can be caused by various factors and diagnosed through cytogenetic analysis. Treatment depends on the specific type and severity of the condition, and prenatal testing is available to detect genetic nondisjunction before birth.
When a chromosome breaks, it can lead to genetic instability and potentially contribute to the development of diseases such as cancer. Chromosome breakage can also result in the loss or gain of genetic material, which can further disrupt normal cellular function and increase the risk of disease.
There are several types of chromosome breakage, including:
1. Chromosomal aberrations: These occur when there is a change in the number or structure of the chromosomes, such as an extra copy of a chromosome (aneuploidy) or a break in a chromosome.
2. Genomic instability: This refers to the presence of errors in the genetic material that can lead to changes in the function of cells and tissues.
3. Chromosomal fragile sites: These are specific regions of the chromosomes that are more prone to breakage than other regions.
4. Telomere shortening: Telomeres are the protective caps at the ends of the chromosomes, and their shortening can lead to chromosome breakage and genetic instability.
Chromosome breakage can be detected through cytogenetic analysis, which involves staining the cells with dyes to visualize the chromosomes and look for any abnormalities. The detection of chromosome breakage can help diagnose certain diseases, such as cancer, and can also provide information about the risk of disease progression.
In summary, chromosome breakage is a type of genetic alteration that can occur as a result of various factors, including exposure to radiation or chemicals, errors during cell division, or aging. It can lead to genetic instability and increase the risk of diseases such as cancer. Detection of chromosome breakage through cytogenetic analysis can help diagnose certain diseases and provide information about the risk of disease progression.
https://www.medicinenet.com › Medical Dictionary › G
A genetic translocation is a change in the number or arrangement of the chromosomes in a cell. It occurs when a portion of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. This can result in a gain or loss of genetic material, which can have significant effects on the individual.
Genetic Translocation | Definition & Facts | Britannica
https://www.britannica.com › science › Genetic-tr...
Genetic translocation, also called chromosomal translocation, a type of chromosomal aberration in which a portion of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. This can result in a gain or loss of genetic material. Genetic translocations are often found in cancer cells and may play a role in the development and progression of cancer.
Translocation, Genetic | health Encyclopedia - UPMC
https://www.upmc.com › health-library › gene...
A genetic translocation is a change in the number or arrangement of the chromosomes in a cell. It occurs when a portion of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. This can result in a gain or loss of genetic material, which can have significant effects on the individual.
Genetic Translocation | Genetics Home Reference - NIH
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov › condition › ge...
A genetic translocation is a change in the number or arrangement of the chromosomes in a cell. It occurs when a portion of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. This can result in a gain or loss of genetic material, which can have significant effects on the individual.
In conclusion, Genetic Translocation is an abnormality in the number or arrangement of chromosomes in a cell. It occurs when a portion of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome, resulting in a gain or loss of genetic material that can have significant effects on the individual.
There are several types of chromosome aberrations, including:
1. Chromosomal deletions: Loss of a portion of a chromosome.
2. Chromosomal duplications: Extra copies of a chromosome or a portion of a chromosome.
3. Chromosomal translocations: A change in the position of a chromosome or a portion of a chromosome.
4. Chromosomal inversions: A reversal of a segment of a chromosome.
5. Chromosomal amplifications: An increase in the number of copies of a particular chromosome or gene.
Chromosome aberrations can be detected through various techniques, such as karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), or array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). These tests can help identify changes in the chromosomal makeup of cells and provide information about the underlying genetic causes of disease.
Chromosome aberrations are associated with a wide range of diseases, including:
1. Cancer: Chromosome abnormalities are common in cancer cells and can contribute to the development and progression of cancer.
2. Birth defects: Many birth defects are caused by chromosome abnormalities, such as Down syndrome (trisomy 21), which is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
3. Neurological disorders: Chromosome aberrations have been linked to various neurological disorders, including autism and intellectual disability.
4. Immunodeficiency diseases: Some immunodeficiency diseases, such as X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), are caused by chromosome abnormalities.
5. Infectious diseases: Chromosome aberrations can increase the risk of infection with certain viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
6. Ageing: Chromosome aberrations have been linked to the ageing process and may contribute to the development of age-related diseases.
7. Radiation exposure: Exposure to radiation can cause chromosome abnormalities, which can increase the risk of cancer and other diseases.
8. Genetic disorders: Many genetic disorders are caused by chromosome aberrations, such as Turner syndrome (45,X), which is caused by a missing X chromosome.
9. Rare diseases: Chromosome aberrations can cause rare diseases, such as Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY), which is caused by an extra copy of the X chromosome.
10. Infertility: Chromosome abnormalities can contribute to infertility in both men and women.
Understanding the causes and consequences of chromosome aberrations is important for developing effective treatments and improving human health.
Genetic recombination
Cell division
Haplogroup DE
Genetic studies on Gujarati people
Human genetic clustering
Genetic history of East Asians
Multiregional origin of modern humans
Mosaic (genetics)
ABO (gene)
Haplogroup O-M119
Banksia oblongifolia
Haplogroup O-M117
Haplogroup O-M122
Candida humilis
Haplogroup O-M175
Self-pollination
Baise horse
2015 in science
Chromosomal crossover
Sordaria fimicola
TBX1
Rhododendron columbianum
Meiosis
Cis AB
Genetic linkage
History of genetic engineering
Architectural design optimization
Mendelian inheritance
Chenopodium berlandieri
List of polymorphisms
Strømme syndrome
Kristine Kochanski
CLINT1
Anterograde tracing
Greenpeace
Adobe Creek (Sonoma County, California)
Garre
Palomino
Sherpa people
Paleolithic
Yellow fever vaccine
Clara Lynch
ZTTK syndrome
Taiwanese people
Congenital mirror movement disorder
Grand Teton National Park
Wolf reintroduction
Drosophila hybrid sterility
Speed Dreams
Lacombe pig
History of modern period domes
Cheetah (character)
Osteochondroprogenitor cell
Wild ancestor
Pinole Creek
Melissa A. Wilson
Tai peoples
Paul de Man
Vertex cover
Philippa Schuyler
Crossing borders: A systematic review with quantitative analysis of genetic mutations of carcinomas of the biliary tract -...
Correction to: Strategic crossing of biomass and harvest index-source and sink-achieves genetic gains in wheat (Euphytica, ...
Subjects: Crossing Over, Genetic - Digital Collections - National Library of Medicine Search Results
Explain the dating anywhere between crossing over and you will genetic variation - Octal Digital
Genetic Programming Bibliography entries for Zhen-xing Guo
Give An Explanation For Dating Anywhere Between Crossing-over And You Will Genetic Adaptation
Explain the relationships anywhere between crossing-over and you will genetic adaptation
Taxonomy browser (Fitzroy Crossing qinvirus 1)
Table 4 - Genetic and Serologic Properties of Zika Virus Associated with an Epidemic, Yap State, Micronesia, 2007 - Volume 14,...
Which would most likely decrease the genetic variation in the human population?A) Humans having more chromosome pairs.B)...
Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Atherosclerosis | Hindawi
Modern Biology Began In The New York 'Fly Room'
Biomarkers Search
Publication Detail
Publication : USDA ARS
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. Press - Barbara McClintock - Profiles in Science Search Results
23 Skidoo Beyond Time CD+DVD
Characterization of a Human Point Mutation of VGLUT3 (p.A211V) in the Rodent Brain Suggests a Nonuniform Distribution of the...
Whole-genome sequencing of 175 Mongolians uncovers population-specific genetic architecture and gene flow throughout North and...
SciELO - Brazil - Imputation of genetic composition for missing pedigree data in Serrasalmidae using morphometric data...
Frontiers | Genetic architecture of human fibrotic diseases: disease risk and disease progression
HFMD References | CDC
Grant Abstract: Aptamer-directed crossing of the blood barrier for enzyme therapy of LSDs
Genome-wide association meta-analysis of corneal curvature identifies novel loci and shared genetic influences across axial...
Meiosis | Student Doctor Network
A Case Report of Isolated Left Ventricular Non-Compaction Presenting with Congestive Heart Failure and Intramural Thrombus
Genes | Free Full-Text | A Systematically Assembled Signature of Genes to be Deep-Sequenced for Their Associations with the...
Chromosomes4
- He suggested that new gene combinations arise by crossing-over and exchange of genetic material between a pair of chromosomes. (forbes.com)
- Sturtevant's insight was this: if two genes are close together, they're less likely to be separated by crossing-over between a pair of chromosomes, which occurs before a parent's genetic material is passed on to offspring. (forbes.com)
- If you think about a random event (crossing over) occurring somewhere along the paired chromosomes, it should make sense that it is more likely for that random even to happen between two genes that have a large distance between them than two genes with very little distance between them. (studentdoctor.net)
- Crossing-over typically occurs during MEIOSIS but it may also occur in the absence of meiosis, for example, with bacterial chromosomes, organelle chromosomes, or somatic cell nuclear chromosomes. (nih.gov)
Recombination7
- A greater distance between two genes means a greater chance of crossing over between those genes (a higher frequency of recombination). (studentdoctor.net)
- Crossing over and recombination are essentially the same thing. (studentdoctor.net)
- Recombination is what you get from crossing over. (studentdoctor.net)
- Recombination analysis was performed in 109 father-daughter-grandson trios in which two crossing over events were observed located in the 65.8 kb region between DXS10146 and DXS10134. (nih.gov)
- By using this STR complex for haplotyping in kinship testing further genetic analyses are required to establish an exact recombination rate. (nih.gov)
- There are two classes of genetic recombination: general, or homologous, and site-specific. (meltingpointathens.com)
- Inhomologous recombination an exchange of genetic material takes place between two pairs of homologous DNA sequences located on two copies of the same chromosome. (meltingpointathens.com)
Genes3
- Another student was Alfred Sturtevant, who devised the method for creating 'genetic maps' to show the location of genes on a chromosome. (forbes.com)
- Selected genes located in genetic risk loci associated with higher susceptibility for diseases with fibrotic complications. (frontiersin.org)
- Individuals with functional GST genes might convert chlorinated solvents crossing the blood-brain barrier into cytotoxic metabolites. (cdc.gov)
Loci5
- Genetic studies of human diseases have identified multiple genetic risk loci for various fibrotic diseases. (frontiersin.org)
- One key finding is the substantial overlap of genetic loci associated with disease risk across a variety of complex immune diseases ( Cotsapas and Hafler, 2013 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Genetic studies have successfully identified numerous genetic risk loci associated with higher susceptibility for diseases associated with fibrosis. (frontiersin.org)
- Left panel displays diseases associated with a strong immune component and the genetic risk loci implicated in at least three of these diseases. (frontiersin.org)
- Emerging results on genetic disease-modifiers show limited overlap with genetic loci involved in disease risk, highlighting the point that disease initiation and disease progression are not necessarily driven by the same mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
Occurs2
- The ROBO3 protein plays a critical role in ensuring that this crossing over occurs during brain development. (medlineplus.gov)
- If crossing over occurs, the products are recombinant gametes. (meltingpointathens.com)
GENETICS2
- A genetics study by scientists with the Western Transportation Institute at Montana State University has examined the reproduction success of bears using wildlife crossings in Banff and determined that system of crossings has helped to maintain genetically healthy populations of black bears and grizzlies in the park.Credit: HighwayWilding.org. (phys.org)
- The genetics paper is the third to come out of a three-year study of the crossings in the context of Banff's black bear and grizzly populations. (phys.org)
Pathways2
- Effects of failure of development of crossing brainstem pathways on ocular motor control. (medlineplus.gov)
- Large pooled studies are needed to explore the interaction of genetic pathways and environmental and occupational exposures in glioma aetiology. (cdc.gov)
Genotype1
- The analysis of genetic correlations between fiber length (Len), strength (Str), micronaire, and 12 other traits was conducted using the additive (A)-dominance (D) genetic model, which considers genotype × environment interaction effects, in intraspecific upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) hybrids to effectively improve the quality of cotton cultivars in high planting density cases. (usda.gov)
Variation2
- Mitochondrial genetic variation is enriched in G-quadruplex regions that stall DNA synthesis in vitro . (nih.gov)
- Crossing over results in a shuffling of genetic material and is an important cause of the genetic variation seen among offspring. (meltingpointathens.com)
Mitochondrial1
- The genetic diversity of 277 nucleotides in the mitochondrial DNA control region (nt 15,964 to 16,240 in reference sequence) was analyzed in crossbreed beef cattle (Brangus-Ibage, 5/8 Bos primigenius taurus x 3/8 Bos primigenius indicus) as well as in some Nellore samples (B. p. indicus). (scielo.br)
Diseases7
- These discoveries suggest that alterations in immune responses, barrier function, metabolism and telomerase activity may be implicated in the genetic risks for fibrotic diseases. (frontiersin.org)
- This review provides an overview of current knowledge and gaps regarding genetic disease-risks and genetic disease-modifiers in human fibrotic diseases. (frontiersin.org)
- In the last decade, the scientific community has successfully collaborated through consortia to unravel the genetic basis of susceptibility for many diseases. (frontiersin.org)
- Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have identified numerous genetic polymorphisms that confer higher risk for diseases and have provided insights into the biological processes that contribute to disease susceptibility. (frontiersin.org)
- Abstract: DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are genetic diseases, individually rare, but in the aggregate presenting a serious medical and human burden. (nih.gov)
- The NIH Common Fund's Somatic Cell Genome Editing (SCGE) program aims to reduce the burden of diseases caused by genetic changes. (nih.gov)
- SCGE made significant discoveries of new or optimized editors that edit target genomes with improved efficacy and novel functionality, including a prime editor that could correct up to 89% of known genetic variants associated with human diseases. (nih.gov)
19681
- For example, 'Hong Kong flu' emerged in 1968 by probable genetic reassortment between the previously circulating human strains of 'Asian flu' and an animal virus that donated the gene for the new virus hemagglutinin (2). (cdc.gov)
Successfully1
- In all, parentage tests showed that 47 percent of black bears that used crossings had successfully bred, while 27 percent of grizzly bears had done so. (phys.org)
Mutations2
- 8. The genetic duet of BRAF V600E and TERT promoter mutations predicts the poor curative effect of radioiodine therapy in papillary thyroid cancer. (nih.gov)
- Mutations in a human ROBO gene disrupt hindbrain axon pathway crossing and morphogenesis. (medlineplus.gov)
Seeds3
- Somatic embryogenesis plays a pivotal role in potato genetic transformation and generating artificial seeds. (usda.gov)
- In the genetic engineering revolution, these seeds are now patented property of one corporation, called Monsanto. (topdocumentaryfilms.com)
- The planting operation can also be very unpredictable as your seeds do not carry any genetic engineering to help through the different growth stages. (amsterdammarijuanaseeds.com)
Makeup1
- First bred in the early 1900s, this type of canary is the only color-bred variety with a "red factor" as part of its genetic makeup. (themarthablog.com)
Collected at wire1
- The WTI group extracted DNA from hair samples collected at wire snares located at the crossings and compared those data with the DNA from samples collected far and wide within the surrounding habitat on both sides of the highway. (phys.org)
Barrier1
- however, the genetic composition of most animal influenza viruses appears to biologically restrict the range of hosts and prevent the viruses from crossing the species barrier. (cdc.gov)
Clinical1
- Recent efforts have sought to identify genetic factors influencing clinical outcomes with emerging "case-case" studies, looking at patient subgroups that follow different disease courses. (frontiersin.org)
Traits1
- The main idea of this lesson is to show the application of genetic crossing for the benefit of agriculture by producing apples with a variety of traits. (agclassroom.org)
Material1
- EVs can affect other cells by transferring proteins and genetic material into them. (nih.gov)
Cross1
- Sawaya said the study also reinforced a common assumption among ecologists that grizzly bears are much more shy of human infrastructure than black bears, though project data suggest that once an individual grizzly is accustomed to using the crossings, that bear will cross the highway readily and, in the case of females, may pass the habit on to offspring. (phys.org)
Study2
- The term 'biobank' indicates a specific field of genetic study that has quietly developed without any significant critical reflection across European societies. (bmj.com)
- Phys.org) -A first-of-its-kind study of Banff National Park bears by scientists with the Western Transportation Institute at Montana State University has shown that a system of wildlife crossing structures there is helping to maintain genetically healthy populations of bears spanning the Trans-Canada Highway. (phys.org)
Prevent2
- If scientists could better understand how cancer cells accomplish this crossing, they might be able to develop methods to prevent it. (nih.gov)
- In addition to reducing collisions, the crossings project was designed to prevent fragmentation of wildlife populations living along Canada's busiest highway. (phys.org)
Line1
- Crossing the line? (christianitytoday.com)
Studies3
- Earlier genetic studies focused on signals that distinguish between disease and healthy status using "case-control" studies. (frontiersin.org)
- While there have been a lot of studies showing that wildlife are using these crossings, this is the first time anyone has shown that animals using the crossings are breeding often enough to ensure that the populations on either side of the highway are not being genetically isolated. (phys.org)
- These wildlife crossing structures cost millions of dollars and this is one of the first studies that has shown that they are doing what they are intended to do," Kalinowski said. (phys.org)
Addition1
- In addition to genetic disease-risks, the identification of genetic disease-modifiers associated with disease complications, severity or prognosis provides crucial insights into the biological processes implicated in disease progression. (frontiersin.org)
Black2
- Showing that the black bears and grizzlies using the crossings to traverse the highway are also breeding is a major finding," said former MSU graduate student and WTI scientist Michael Sawaya, who wrote the paper as the final piece for his doctorate in ecology. (phys.org)
- They began by crossing a Chocolate Siamese with a black cat that carried the chocolate gene. (omlet.us)
Evidence2
- MSU professor of ecology Steven Kalinowski, who was Sawaya's doctoral adviser and co-authored the paper, agreed that the genetic evidence offers the best indication to date of the success of Banff's system of wildlife crossing structures. (phys.org)
- I think we should accept that there is no way to tell if it was the Evangelist Luke," he told The New York Times , "but the genetic evidence does not contradict the idea. (christianitytoday.com)
Risk2
- Many risk factors for breast cancer have been identified, including genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. (medscape.com)
- Once the level of risk has been established, physician and patient can discuss the best screening and management, which may involve measures such as addressing modifiable risk factors or genetic counseling. (medscape.com)
Analysis1
- Technologies may engage diverse types of signaling beyond neuronal electrical activity for large-scale analysis, and may utilize any modality such as optical, electrical, magnetic, acoustic or genetic recording/manipulation. (nih.gov)
Resources1
- As a vegetatively propagated and grown crop, in vitro culturing methods are the most practical tools for crop improvement and safeguarding the Solanum genetic resources for food security, research and cultivar development. (usda.gov)