Cross reactions. Medical search

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

International collective of humanitarian organizations led by volunteers and guided by its Congressional Charter and the Fundamental Principles of the International Red Cross Movement, to provide relief to victims of disaster and help people prevent, prepare for, and respond to emergencies.

An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.

Assistance, such as money, food, or shelter, given to the needy, aged, or victims of disaster. It is usually granted on a temporary basis. (From The American Heritage Dictionary, 2d college ed)

Emergency care or treatment given to a person who suddenly becomes ill or injured before full medical services become available.

Gastrointestinal disturbances, skin eruptions, or shock due to allergic reactions to allergens in food.

Procedures outlined for the care of casualties and the maintenance of services in disasters.

Instruments or technological means of communication that reach large numbers of people with a common message: press, radio, television, etc.

Publications printed and distributed daily, weekly, or at some other regular and usually short interval, containing news, articles of opinion (as editorials and letters), features, advertising, and announcements of current interest. (Webster's 3d ed)

State of mind or behavior characterized by extreme skepticism and persistent opposition or resistance to outside suggestions or advice. (APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994)

The transmission and reproduction of transient images of fixed or moving objects. An electronic system of transmitting such images together with sound over a wire or through space by apparatus that converts light and sound into electrical waves and reconverts them into visible light rays and audible sound. (From Webster, 3rd ed)

The collection, preparation, and distribution of news and related commentary and feature materials through such media as pamphlets, newsletters, newspapers, magazines, radio, motion pictures, television, and books. While originally applied to the reportage of current events in printed form, specifically newspapers, with the advent of radio and television the use of the term has broadened to include all printed and electronic communication dealing with current affairs.

Those affective states which can be experienced and have arousing and motivational properties.

Activities concerned with governmental policies, functions, etc.

The appearance of the face that is often characteristic of a disease or pathological condition, as the elfin facies of WILLIAMS SYNDROME or the mongoloid facies of DOWN SYNDROME. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Deliberate breeding of two different individuals that results in offspring that carry part of the genetic material of each parent. The parent organisms must be genetically compatible and may be from different varieties or closely related species.

Any waste product generated by a dental office, surgery, clinic, or laboratory including amalgams, saliva, and rinse water.

A serotype of the species California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, CALIFORNIA), in the genus ORTHOBUNYAVIRUS, causing human MENINGOENCEPHALITIS. This is the agent most responsible for California encephalitis (ENCEPHALITIS, CALIFORNIA), the most prevalent mosquito-borne disease recognized in the United States.

Antibodies that react with self-antigens (AUTOANTIGENS) of the organism that produced them.

Unique genetically-controlled determinants present on ANTIBODIES whose specificity is limited to a single group of proteins (e.g., another antibody molecule or an individual myeloma protein). The idiotype appears to represent the antigenicity of the antigen-binding site of the antibody and to be genetically codetermined with it. The idiotypic determinants have been precisely located to the IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGION of both immunoglobin polypeptide chains.

Cells artificially created by fusion of activated lymphocytes with neoplastic cells. The resulting hybrid cells are cloned and produce pure MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES or T-cell products, identical to those produced by the immunologically competent parent cell.

A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.

Antibodies which react with the individual structural determinants (idiotopes) on the variable region of other antibodies.

Autoantibodies directed against various nuclear antigens including DNA, RNA, histones, acidic nuclear proteins, or complexes of these molecular elements. Antinuclear antibodies are found in systemic autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, scleroderma, polymyositis, and mixed connective tissue disease.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

Common name for many members of the FALCONIFORMES order, family Accipitridae, generally smaller than EAGLES, and containing short, rounded wings and a long tail.

Eating an excess amount of food in a short period of time, as seen in the disorder of BULIMIA NERVOSA. It is caused by an abnormal craving for food, or insatiable hunger also known as "ox hunger".

BIRDS that hunt and kill other animals, especially higher vertebrates, for food. They include the FALCONIFORMES order, or diurnal birds of prey, comprised of EAGLES, falcons, HAWKS, and others, as well as the STRIGIFORMES order, or nocturnal birds of prey, which includes OWLS.

Large members of the FALCONIFORMES order of birds, family Accipitridae, most especially the genera Aquila, Haliaeetus, Harpia, and Circaetus. They are characterized by their powerful talons, which carry long, curved, pointed claws and by their opposable hindtoe.

An order of diurnal BIRDS of prey, including EAGLES; HAWKS; buzzards; vultures; and falcons.

Messages between computer users via COMPUTER COMMUNICATION NETWORKS. This feature duplicates most of the features of paper mail, such as forwarding, multiple copies, and attachments of images and other file types, but with a speed advantage. The term also refers to an individual message sent in this way.

A gram-positive organism found in the upper respiratory tract, inflammatory exudates, and various body fluids of normal and/or diseased humans and, rarely, domestic animals.

The study of natural phenomena by observation, measurement, and experimentation.

Polysaccharides found in bacteria and in capsules thereof.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.

A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.

Silicon polymers that contain alternate silicon and oxygen atoms in linear or cyclic molecular structures.

Hydrocarbons with at least one triple bond in the linear portion, of the general formula Cn-H2n-2.

Changing an open-chain hydrocarbon to a closed ring. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)

The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction.

The creation of an amine. It can be produced by the addition of an amino group to an organic compound or reduction of a nitro group.

The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)

Highly sensitive quantitation of methamphetamine by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay using a new europium chelate as a label. (1/8142)

A simple and highly sensitive time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay of methamphetamine (MA) using a new fluorescent europium chelate (BHHCT-Eu3+) as a label is described. Two variations of competitive immunoassay were attempted. In the first (one-step) assay, microtiter plates coated with anti-MA were used, and the new label was bound to a conjugate of bovine serum albumin and N-(4-aminobutyl)-MA (MA-BSA). In the second (two-step) assay, instead of the labeled MA-BSA, biotinylated MA-BSA and BHHCT-Eu3+-labeled streptavidin-BSA were used. The lowest measurable concentrations of MA for the one-step and the two-step methods were 1 ng/mL (25 pg/assay) and 1 pg/mL (25 fg/assay), respectively. These were 10 to 1000 times superior to the detection limits of MA in any other immunoassay. Intra-assay coefficient of variation was approximately 2-8% at eight different concentrations (n = 4). Analysis of 34 urine samples with the new method and conventional gas chromatography showed a good correlation (r = 0.954). The high detectability of the present assay also enabled segmental hair analysis with a few centimeters of a hair. (+info)

The levels and bactericidal capacity of antibodies directed against the UspA1 and UspA2 outer membrane proteins of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis in adults and children. (2/8142)

The UspA1 and UspA2 proteins from Moraxella catarrhalis share antigenic epitopes and are promising vaccine candidates. In this study, the levels and bactericidal activities of antibodies in sera from healthy adults and children toward UspA1 and UspA2 from the O35E strain were measured. Human sera contained antibodies to both proteins, and the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were age dependent. Adult sera had significantly higher titers of IgG than child sera (P < 0.01). The IgG3 titers to the UspA proteins were higher than the IgG1 titers in the adults' sera, while the IgG1 titers were higher than the IgG3 titers in the children's sera (P < 0.05). The IgG antibodies in the sera from 2-month-old children appeared to be maternally derived, since the mean titer was significantly higher than that in sera from 6- to 7-month-old children (P < 0.05). Serum IgA antibodies to both UspA1 and UspA2 were low during the first 7 months of age but thereafter gradually increased along with the IgG titers. Analysis of sera absorbed with UspA1 or UspA2 showed that the antibodies to UspA1 and UspA2 were cross-reactive with each other and associated with serum bactericidal activity. Examination of affinity-purified human antibodies confirmed that naturally acquired antibodies to UspA1 and UspA2 were bactericidal and cross-reactive. These results support using UspA1 and UspA2 in a vaccine to prevent M. catarrhalis infections. (+info)

Autoantibodies to RNA polymerases recognize multiple subunits and demonstrate cross-reactivity with RNA polymerase complexes. (3/8142)

OBJECTIVE: To determine the subunit specificity of autoantibody directed to RNA polymerases (RNAP) I, II, and III, which is one of the major autoantibody responses in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS: Thirty-two SSc sera with anti-RNAP antibodies (23 with anti-RNAP I/III, 5 with anti-RNAP I/III and II, and 4 with anti-RNAP II alone) were analyzed by immunoblotting using affinity-purified RNAP and by immunoprecipitation using 35S-labeled cell extracts in which RNAP complexes were dissociated. Antibodies bound to individual RNAP subunits were eluted from preparative immunoblots and were further analyzed by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. RESULTS: At least 15 different proteins were bound by antibodies in anti-RNAP-positive SSc sera in various combinations. All 9 sera immunoprecipitating RNAP II and all 28 sera immunoprecipitating RNAP I/III recognized the large subunit proteins of RNAP II and III, respectively. Reactivity to RNAP I large subunits was strongly associated with bright nucleolar staining by indirect immunofluorescence. Affinity-purified antibodies that recognized a 62-kd subunit protein cross-reacted with a 43-kd subunit protein and immunoprecipitated both RNAP I and RNAP III. Antibodies that recognized a 21-kd subunit protein obtained from sera that were positive for anti-RNAP I/III and II antibodies immunoprecipitated both RNAP II and RNAP III. CONCLUSION: Anti-RNAP antibodies recognize multiple subunits of RNAP I, II, and III. Moreover, the results of this study provide the first direct evidence that antibodies that recognize shared subunits of human RNAPs or epitopes present on different human RNAP subunits are responsible for the recognition of multiple RNAPs by SSc sera. (+info)

Human geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase. cDNA cloning and expression. (4/8142)

Geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) synthase (GGPPSase) catalyzes the synthesis of GGPP, which is an important molecule responsible for the C20-prenylated protein biosynthesis and for the regulation of a nuclear hormone receptor (LXR.RXR). The human GGPPSase cDNA encodes a protein of 300 amino acids which shows 16% sequence identity with the known human farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) synthase (FPPSase). The GGPPSase expressed in Escherichia coli catalyzes the GGPP formation (240 nmol/min/mg) from FPP and isopentenyl diphosphate. The human GGPPSase behaves as an oligomeric molecule with 280 kDa on a gel filtration column and cross-reacts with an antibody directed against bovine brain GGPPSase, which differs immunochemically from bovine brain FPPSase. Northern blot analysis indicates the presence of two forms of the mRNA. (+info)

Serum dilution neutralization test for California group virus identification and serology. (5/8142)

The serum dilution neutralization test was evaluated for serological diagnosis of California group arbovirus infections and identification of virus isolates. The technical advantages and the degree of subtype specificity of the serum dilution neutralization test over the hemagglutination inhibition test and the complement fixation test were demonstrated with paired specimens from human cases, single human survey sera, and sentinel rabbit sera. Twenty-one virus isolates from various geographical areas of the United States were also used to evaluate the efficacy of the serum dilution neutralization test for specific virus identification. (+info)

Induction of lasting complete regression of preformed distinct solid tumors by targeting the tumor vasculature using two new anti-endoglin monoclonal antibodies. (6/8142)

Endoglin (EDG, CD105) is a proliferation-associated antigen on endothelial cells. In this study, two new anti-EDG monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) Y4-2F1 (or termed SN6j) and P3-2G8 (SN6k) were generated and used for treating distinct preformed tumors. These mAbs, both IgG1-kappa antibodies, cross-reacted weakly with mouse endothelial cells but defined epitopes different from the epitope defined by a previously reported anti-EDG mAb K4-2C10 (B. K. Seon et al., Clin. Cancer Res., 3: 1031-1044, 1997). SN6j and SN6k reacted strongly with human endothelial cells and vascular endothelium of malignant human tissues but showed no significant reactivity with tumor cells per se. The deglycosylated ricin A chain (dgRA) conjugates of the two mAbs showed a weak but specific cytotoxic activity against murine endothelial cells in vitro. In the therapeutic studies, severe combined immunodeficient mice were inoculated s.c. with MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and left untreated until palpable tumors of distinct size (4-6 mm in diameter) appeared. Mice with the distinct tumors were treated by i.v. administration of individual anti-EDG conjugates, unconjugated mAbs, or a control conjugate. Long-lasting complete regression of the tumors was induced in the majority of tumor-bearing mice (n = 8 for each conjugate) when 40 microg of the individual conjugates were administered three times via the tail vein. It is remarkable that the tumors remained regressed without further therapy for as long as the mice were followed (i.e., 100 days). Control conjugate did not induce regression of the tumors in any of the treated mice, although weak nonspecific effects were observed in some of the mice (n = 8). The effects of unconjugated mAbs were small with the dose used, i.e., 34 microg three times. The anti-EDG conjugates showed antiangiogenic activity in the dorsal air sac assay in mice. The results suggest good potential of these conjugates for the clinical application. (+info)

A new picornavirus isolated from bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus). (7/8142)

A previously unknown picornavirus was isolated from bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus). Electron microscopy images and sequence data of the prototype isolate, named Ljungan virus, showed that it is a picornavirus. The amino acid sequences of predicted Ljungan virus capsid proteins VP2 and VP3 were closely related to the human pathogen echovirus 22 (approximately 70% similarity). A partial 5' noncoding region sequence of Ljungan virus showed the highest degree of relatedness to cardioviruses. Two additional isolates were serologically and molecularly related to the prototype. (+info)

Serological classification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by a slide agglutination test. (8/8142)

Serological classification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the slide agglutination test with live organisms was studied, based on the O antigen schema adopted by the international expert panel sponsored by the Subcommittee on Pseudomonas and Related Organisms of the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. The typing results obtained by the slide test with well-absorbed O sera were identical to those obtained by the conventional tube agglutination test with autoclaved organisms. Most O antigens occur singly; but O2, O5, and O16 occur in four combinations. Antigens O13 and O14 are closely related, as are O7 and O8, and it would be convenient to classify organisms possessing these antigens collectively as O7,8 and O13,14. (+info)

Cross-reaction toxicity[edit]. Supplemental zinc can prevent iron absorption, leading to iron deficiency and possible ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc_toxicity

"Cross-Coupling Reactions". Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rd100.pub2. Ljungdahl, Thomas ... "Two Competing Mechanisms for the Copper-Free Sonogashira Cross-Coupling Reaction". Organometallics. 27 (11): 2490-2498. doi: ... in an effective catalyst for coupling reactions such as the Kumada coupling and Suzuki reactions (example below). It also ... Kumada, Makota; Tamao, Kohei; Sumitani, Koji (1978). "Phosphine-Nickel Complex Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Grignard Reagents ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichloro(1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane)nickel

Cross-coupling reactions. Iron compounds such as Fe(acac)3 catalyze a wide range of cross-coupling reactions with one substrate ... In a complementary reaction, Collman's reagent can be used to convert acyl chlorides to aldehydes. Similar reactions can be ... including Friedel-Crafts reactions and lithation. Some electrophilic functionalization reactions, however, proceed via initial ... Complexes of the type Fe2(SR)2(CO)6 and Fe2(PR2)2(CO)6 form, usually by the reaction of thiols and secondary phosphines with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organoiron_chemistry

These enzymes are capable of carry out reaction even in the absence of the protein-based active site organization or carry out ... X. Cross-association of Tert Butyllithium. Kinetics of Tert Butyllithium Dissociation". Journal of the American Chemical ... The ligands can act as a catalyst to carry out different reactions, depending on which transition metal being at the center. ... Using mass spectroscopy, the existence of cross-association with other organolithium species in the vapor phase could also be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcetta_Y._Darensbourg

Oxidative Cross‐Coupling Reactions. Aiwen Lei, Wei Shi, Chao Liu, Wei Liu, Hua Zhang, Chuan He, Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. ... Usually oxidative couplings are catalysed by a transition metal complex like in classical cross-coupling reactions, although ... Another reaction is the synthesis of 1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol from 2-naphthol by iron chloride, discovered in 1873 by Alexander ... Early examples involve coupling of terminal alkynes: 2 RC≡CH + 2 Cu(I) → RC≡C-C≡CR + 2 Cu + 2 H+ Coupling reactions involving ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidative_coupling

... the Kumada coupling is a type of cross coupling reaction, useful for generating carbon-carbon bonds by the reaction of a ... Heck reaction Hiyama coupling Suzuki reaction Negishi coupling Petasis reaction Stille reaction Sonogashira coupling Corriu, R ... The reaction is notable for being among the first reported catalytic cross-coupling methods. Despite the subsequent development ... Frisch, Anja C.; Beller, Matthias (21 January 2005). "Catalysts for Cross-Coupling Reactions with Non-activated Alkyl Halides ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumada_coupling

Many decades later, interest in base metal catalysis sparked significant efforts to further develop cross-coupling reactions ... Fürstner, Alois; Leitner, Andreas; Méndez, María; Krause, Helga (2002-11-01). "Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions". ... He developed the Kochi reaction, a variation on the Hunsdiecker reaction. Kochi was of Japanese descent and he and his family ... Kochi's work showed that this reaction proceeds via a complex between benzene (the donor) and nitrosonium ion (the acceptor). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jay_Kochi

Reaction mechanism[edit]. The reaction mechanism is thought to proceed via a standard Pd catalyzed cross-coupling pathway, ... The Negishi coupling is a widely employed transition metal catalyzed cross-coupling reaction. The reaction couples organic ... Sase, S.; Jaric, M.; Metzger, A.; Malakhov, V.; Knochel, P. (2008). "One-Pot Negishi Cross-Coupling Reactions of In Situ ... Nicolaou, K. C.; Bulger, P. G.; Sarlah, D. (2005). "Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions in total synthesis". Angew. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negishi_coupling

"A Highly Active Catalyst for Pd-Catalyzed Amination Reactions: Cross-Coupling Reactions Using Aryl Mesylates and the Highly ... The Suzuki-Miyaura and Negishi cross-coupling reactions were typically performed with Pd(PPh3)4 as catalyst and were mostly ... Bruno, N. C.; Buchwald, S. L. (2014). Palladium Precatalysts for Cross-Coupling Reactions (PDF). The Strem Chemiker. Surry, ... Martin, Ruben; Buchwald, Stephen L. (18 November 2008). "Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki−Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions Employing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialkylbiaryl_phosphine_ligands

Hypersensitivity cross-reactions with penicillins are rare. Ertapenem also can have an effect on some blood tests such as liver ... or with severe hypersensitivity reactions (such as anaphylaxis or severe skin reactions) to other beta-lactam antibiotics in ... It inhibits cross-linking of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls by blocking a type of enzymes called penicillin- ... Common side effects are diarrhoea (in 5% of people receiving ertapenem), nausea (in 3%) and vomiting, reactions at the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ertapenem

88, 860 (1952). Cross Sections for Nuclear Reactions Involving Nuclear Isomers. Bruno Linder* and Ralph A. James. Department of ... Vol 93, Number 2, p. 288-290 Proton Induced Reactions of Thorium-Fission Yield Curves. Howard A. Tewes and Ralph A. James. ... 85, 369 (1952). Excitation Functions of Proton-Induced Reactions of Nb93. Ralph A. James. Physical Review - January 1954. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_A._James

These reactions are examples of cross-coupling reactions. Ullmann-type reactions are comparable to Buchwald-Hartwig reactions ... The corresponding Goldberg reaction, is named after Irma Goldberg. The Hurtley reaction, which involves C-C bond formation, is ... In the case of Ullmann-type reactions (aminations, etherifications, etc. of aryl halides), the reaction involves copper(I) ... As this reaction proceeds well with an electron-rich aryl iodide it is a valuable alternative to the Buchwald-Hartwig amination ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ullmann_condensation

世界の化学者データベース「鈴木章」 Miyaura, Norio; Suzuki, Akira (1995). "Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Organoboron Compounds ... "A new stereospecific cross-coupling by the palladium-catalyzed reaction of 1-alkenylboranes with 1-alkenyl or 1-alkynyl halides ... who first published the Suzuki reaction, the organic reaction of an aryl- or vinyl-boronic acid with an aryl- or vinyl-halide ... The postdoctoral experience was utilized in the study of the coupling reaction with his assistant Norio Miyaura and led to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akira_Suzuki_(chemist)

These products are useful for cross-coupling reactions. (9) Zirconium-catalyzed carboalumination of alkynes by trimethylalane ... Workup of these reactions should employ extreme pH's (10% hydrochloric acid or 6 N sodium hydroxide), as moderate pH encourages ... Reactions of alkenyl- and alkynylaluminium compounds involve the transfer of a nucleophilic alkenyl or alkynyl group attached ... House, H. O. Modern Synthetic Reactions, 2nd ed., Benjamin/Cummings, Menlo Park, CA, 1972. Eisch, J. J.; Kaska, W. C. J. Am. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkenylaluminium_compounds

doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)60957-7. Miyaura, Norio; Suzuki, Akira (1995). "Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of ... 2005). Name Reactions and Reagents in Organic Synthesis (2nd ed.). ISBN 978-0471228547. Comins, Daniel L.; Dehghani, Ali (1992 ... The vinyl triflates prepared are useful as substrates in the Suzuki reaction. Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)aniline Mundy, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comins'_reagent

It is typically achieved by cross-coupling reactions. The most basic aryl group is phenyl, which is made up of a benzene ring ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryl

These versatile intermediates can then be used for a wide range of chemical transformations such as cross-coupling reactions, ... The reaction is mechanistically related to the Tebbe reaction and can be catalyzed by various Lewis acids (e.g. TiCl4 or Al2Me6 ... This powerful carbon-carbon bond forming cross-coupling reactions combines an organic halide and an organozinc halide reagent ... This group transfer reaction can be used in allylation, or other coupling reactions (such as Negishi coupling). One of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organozinc_compound

"Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Organoboron Compounds". Chemical Reviews. 95 (7): 2457-2483. CiteSeerX 10.1. ... This reaction type is exemplified in the Suzuki reaction, which involves coupling of aryl- or vinyl-boronic acid with an aryl- ... Displayed is a reaction sequence starting with reaction of allyl magnesium bromide with trimethyl borate, followed by ... Metal-catalyzed C-H Borylation reactions are transition metal catalyzed organic reactions that produce an organoboron compound ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organoboron_chemistry

Diederich, F.; de Meijere, A. (Eds.) "Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions II", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2004. Diederich, F.; ... Diederich, F.; Stang, P. J. (Eds.) "Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998. Diederich, F.; Stang ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/François_Diederich

Other mango compounds potentially responsible for the dermatitis or allergic reactions include mangiferin. Cross-reactions may ... Oka K, Saito F, Yasuhara T, Sugimoto A (2004). "A study of cross-reactions between mango contact allergens and urushiol". ... Miell J, Papouchado M, Marshall A (1988). "Anaphylactic reaction after eating a mango". British Medical Journal. 297 (6664): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mango

In an example of a present-day cross coupling reaction called decarboxylative coupling, a catalytic amount of Cu(I) displaces a ... Ullmann reaction involves copper-mediated reactions of aryl halides. Two types of Ullmann reaction are recognized: Classic ... Beletkaya, I.P.; Cheprakov, A.V. (2004). "Copper in Cross Coupling Reactions: The Post Ullman Chemistry". Coord. Chem. Rev. 248 ... Prior to the development of palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions, copper was the preferred catalyst for almost a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organocopper_compound

Cross-allergic reactions occur among the β-lactam antibiotics. To determine whether treatment with a β-lactam is safe when an ... Approximately five percent of patients have some kind of reaction, ranging from maculopapular rash (the most common rash seen ... which reacts with proteins and serves as a hapten to cause an immune reaction. ... allergy is noted, patient history regarding severity of previous reaction is essential. Ferrier, Denise R. (2011). Pharmacology ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicilloic_acid

It is a cross-coupling reaction. This reaction was invented by and named after Jiri Srogl from the Academy of Sciences, Czech ... Cheng, Hong-Gang; Chen, Han; Liu, Yue; Zhou, Qianghui (March 2018). "The Liebeskind-Srogl Cross-Coupling Reaction and its ... The overall reaction scheme is shown below. Liebeskind-Srogl reaction is most commonly seen with thioether or thioester ... The Liebeskind-Srogl coupling reaction is an organic reaction forming a new carbon-carbon bond from a thioester and a boronic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liebeskind–Srogl_coupling

D. Enders, O. Niemeier & T. Balensiefer (2006). "Asymmetric Intramolecular Crossed-Benzoin Reactions by N-Heterocyclic Carbene ... The reaction can be extended to aliphatic aldehydes with base catalysis in the presence of thiazolium salts; the reaction ... The reaction generally occurs between aromatic aldehydes or glyoxals. The reaction produces an acyloin. In the classic ... The catalytic version of the reaction involving cyanide was developed by Nikolay Zinin in the late 1830s, The reaction is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzoin_condensation

136Xe reaction. They failed to observe a single atom in such a reaction, putting the upper limit on the cross section, the ... In comparison, the reaction that resulted in hassium discovery, 208Pb + 58Fe, had a cross section of ~20 pb (more specifically ... For example, in the 28 14Si + 1 0n → 28 13Al + 1 1p reaction, cross section changes smoothly from 370 mb at 12.3 MeV to 160 mb ... Kern, B. D.; Thompson, W. E.; Ferguson, J. M. (1959). "Cross sections for some (n, p) and (n, α) reactions". Nuclear Physics. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superheavy_element

Ethoxide in Suzuki Cross Coupling Reactions". Organic Letters. 2 (17): 2691-2694. doi:10.1021/ol0062446. ISSN 1523-7060. PMID ... reactions. A thallium stress test is a form of scintigraphy in which the amount of thallium in tissues correlates with tissue ... depending on the reaction under study, are reported for thallium, reflecting the greatly decreased stability of the +3 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thallium

Denmark, Scott E.; Smith, Russell C. (3 February 2010). "Mechanistic Duality in Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of ... Ogawa, Akiya; Curran, Dennis P. (1997). "Benzotrifluoride: A Useful Alternative Solvent for Organic Reactions Currently ... and silylation reactions. The dielectric constants for dichloromethane and trifluorotoluene are 9.04 and 9.18, respectively, ... trifluorotoluene is useful in mild Lewis-acid catalyzed reactions, such as the Friedel-Crafts preparations. The most common ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trifluorotoluene

... s are also starting materials for certain cross-coupling reactions. In the first report on this reaction type the ... This reaction requires a strong base. If sodium methoxide is used as the base the reaction is called a Bamford-Stevens reaction ... In the Shapiro reaction tosylhydrazones are used as a leaving group in elimination reactions. ... New Uses for Classic Reagents in Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling and Metal-Free Reactions. Angewandte Chemie International ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosylhydrazone

The UV radiation drives the polymerization and cross-linking reactions. The resulting "logs" are sticky gels containing 60-70% ... Additional cross-linking agent may be sprayed on the particles' surface; this "surface cross-linking" increases the product's ... cross-linked carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, cross-linked polyethylene oxide, and starch grafted ... Low-density cross-linked SAPs generally have a higher absorbent capacity and swell to a larger degree. These types of SAPs also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superabsorbent_polymer

NAPE-PLD orchestrates a direct cross-talk between lipid amide signals and bile acid physiology.[13] ... Phase III trials showed significant responses although many subjects had mild adverse reactions of bruising, swelling, pain, ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile_acids

a b c Cross Currents. Labor unions in Japan. CULCON. Retrieved 11 June 2011 ... This produced a reaction which led to all the colonies restricting Chinese and other Asian immigration. This was the foundation ... Unions may organize a particular section of skilled workers (craft unionism),[3] a cross-section of workers from various trades ... Labor Notes is the largest circulation cross-union publication remaining in the United States. It reports news and analysis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_unions

... the mass of any one element at the beginning of a reaction will equal the mass of that element at the end of the reaction.[24]: ... This has led to the concept or area of study known as cross-boundary subsidy.[59][60] "This leads to anomalies, such as food ... These chemical reactions require energy, which mainly comes from the Sun and largely by photosynthesis, although a very small ... The components of food webs, including organisms and mineral nutrients, cross the thresholds of ecosystem boundaries. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_web

Other important reactions include the formation of chlorite, glauconite, illite and iron oxide (if oxygenated pore water is ... Plane light above, cross-polarized light below. Scale box is 0.25 mm. ... Chemically speaking, increases in temperature can also cause chemical reaction rates to increase. This increases the solubility ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clastic_rock

The spot may be aggravated by an allergic reaction to nickel plating on the chinrest clamp hardware, or by microbial pathogens ... "cross-tuning." Numerous such tunings exist, often being named for a prominent tune played in that tuning. A good example of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violin_technique

In reaction to the relegation of the autochthonous language, a series of literary and historical works (always written in ... "Talking at cross-purposes? The missing link between feminist linguistics and translation studies". Gender and Language ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galician_language

Cross-sensitizationEdit. Cross-sensitization is a phenomenon in which sensitization to a stimulus is generalized to a related ... Tests that are commonly used place potential allergens on the skin of the patient and looking for a reaction to look for an ... In animals, cross-sensitization has been established between the consumption of many different types of drugs of abuse - in ... Similarly, reward sensitization to a particular addictive drug often results in reward cross-sensitization, which entails ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitization

Circumstances and Consequences of Cross-Species Transmission. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. Ebolavirus and ... detecting the viral RNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)[6][23] and detecting proteins by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ... reactions to the 1976 Ebola outbreak in Zaire.[236][237] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus_disease

Stevens's reaction was not to conduct experiments to test for the presence of additive structure in sensations, but instead to ... Cross-correlation (XCF). *ARMA model. *ARIMA model (Box-Jenkins). *Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH) ... the operational theory of measurement was a reaction to the conclusions of a committee established in 1932 by the British ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_data

... you have to cross the cell membrane, just like if you were headed for the extracellular space. In those cases, chloroplast- ... its genes encode eleven subunits of a protein complex which mediates redox reactions to recycle electrons,[24] which is similar ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplast_DNA

Cross-refs to other MoS pages have been done as piped links to reduce verbiage. The cross-ref to WP:Naming conventions ( ... The reaction is either nothing, or WP:Thanks notices. Just recently: [1]. I don't think anyone bothers with this gnoming except ... I've better cross-referenced those (plus MOS:ICONS, MOS:IMAGES, MOS:FORMULAE, etc.) so this isn't just buried in one place no ... After the diacritics merge, cross-references can be used at MOS:BIO, etc., as needed, and the WP:DIACRITICS wording can also be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Manual_of_Style

The individual does not have control of the learned reaction, but this can be retrained to allow the patient to control the ... An international cross-cultural study". Epilepsy & Behavior. 75: 210-212. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.08.016. PMID 28865883. S2CID ... One hypothesis is that they are a learned physical reaction or habit the body develops, similar to a reflex. ... ReACT aims to retrain the learned reaction (PNES episodes) by targeting symptom catastrophizing and restoring sense of control ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychogenic_non-epileptic_seizure

Russia's reaction to tobacco was unique. While most countries banned tobacco upon its arrival, they legalized it shortly ... national cross sectional survey". BMJ. 335 (7619): 549. doi:10.1136/bmj.39315.670208.47. PMC 1976488. PMID 17827485.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-smoking_legislation

Originally calcitic crinoid stem (in cross-section) diagenetically replaced by marcasite in a siderite concretion; Lower ... Abercrombie, H. J.; Hutcheon, I. E.; Bloch, J. D.; Caritat, P. (1994). "Silica activity and the smectite-illite reaction". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagenesis

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests for Lyme disease have also been developed to detect the genetic material (DNA) of the ... ticks will tend not to cross it; acaricides may also be sprayed on it to kill ticks.[146] A sun-exposed tick-safe zone at least ... Chronic symptoms from an autoimmune reaction could explain why some symptoms persist even after the spirochetes have been ... The production of this reaction might be due to a form of molecular mimicry, where Borrelia avoids being killed by the immune ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease

Cross KM, Kuenze C, Grindstaff TL, Hertel J (September 2011). "Thoracic spine thrust manipulation improves pain, range of ... Hurwitz EL, Morgenstern H, Vassilaki M, Chiang LM (July 2005). "Frequency and clinical predictors of adverse reactions to ... adverse reactions appear to be more common following manipulation than mobilization.[139] The most frequently stated adverse ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiropractors

When something is found, the rods cross over one another making an X over the found object. If the object is long and straight ... bodies absorbed the radio waves and unconscious hand movement reactions took place following the standing waves or intensity ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_radiation

The Span of the Cross: Christian Religion and Society in Wales, 1914-2000 (U of Wales Press, 1999) online ... The revival began within the Church of England in Wales, partly as a reaction to the neglect generally felt in Wales at the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonconformity_in_Wales

Reaction with water On reaction with water, they generate hydroxide ions and hydrogen gas. This reaction is vigorous and highly ... and cross-section towards neutron absorption.[10]:74 ... Representative reactions of alkali metalsEdit. Reaction with ... Reaction 1) is known as Birch reduction. Other reductions[144] that can be carried by these solutions are: S8 + 2e− → S82-. Fe( ... Hagen, A. P. (17 September 2009). Inorganic Reactions and Methods, The Formation of Bonds to Group-I, -II, and -IIIB Elements. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal

A cross between a shedding breed and a poodle (which does not shed much) does not reliably produce a nonshedding dog. Traits of ... can trigger a reaction in a sensitive person. An air cleaner, air duct outlet and vacuuming with a vacuum cleaner with a HEPA ... Poodles are crossed with other breeds for various reasons, and the resulting puppies (called designer dogs) are described by ... The progenitor of the breed might have also been crossed with the Hungarian Puli.[14] The French name Caniche comes from the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poodle

Boubli, Lizzie (2003). "Michelangelo and Spain: on the Dissemination of his Draughtsmanship". Reactions to the Master edited by ... Christ on the Cross Adored by Two Donors. *Santo Domingo el Antiguo Altarpiece ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Greco

Reaction time to situations where one must choose between two or more alternatives is one measure of control of processing. ... 15 Cross-paradigmatic. 12. Postformal. 7 16 Meta-paradigmatic. The theory of Andreas DemetriouEdit. The models above do not ... It is measured in reference to the reaction time to very simple tasks, such as the time needed to recognize an object. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-Piagetian_theories_of_cognitive_development

Self-report survey methodology is the most used approach in OHP research.[37] Cross-sectional designs are commonly used; case- ... Fredrikson M., Sundin O., & Frankenhaeuser M. (1985). Cortisol excretion during the defence reaction in humans. Psychosomatic ... Johnson, J.V., & Hall, E.M. (1988). Job strain, workplace social support, and cardiovascular disease: A cross-sectional study ... Fredikson, Sundin, and Frankenhaeuser (1985) found that reactions to psychological stressors include increased activity in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_health_psychology

... landing cross-range and operational flexibility of reusable orbital spaceplane concepts being developed such as the Reaction ... ZrC has also been observed as a product from the reaction, but if the reaction is carried out with 20-25% excess B4C, the ZrC ... Stoichiometric reactions have also been carried out by reaction of attrition milled (wearing materials by grinding) Zr and B ... ZrO2 and HfO2 can be dispersed in boron carbide polymeric precursors prior to reaction. Heating the reaction mixture to 1500 °C ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-high-temperature_ceramics

"Female genital mutilation among Iraqi Kurdish women: a cross-sectional study from Erbil city". BMC Public Health. 13: 809. doi ... movement that emerged following World War I and the end of the Ottoman Empire in 1922 largely represented a reaction to the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurd

The Sonogashira reaction is a cross-coupling reaction used in organic synthesis to form carbon-carbon bonds. It employs a ... Cu(I) is a co-catalyst in the reaction, and is used to increase the rate of the reaction. The Sonogashira reaction is typically ... It is an extension to the Cassar and Dieck and Heck reactions, which afford the same reaction products, but use harsh reaction ... Castro-Stephens coupling Heck reaction Stille reaction Suzuki reaction Negishi coupling Kumada coupling Transmetalation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonogashira_coupling

Thank You that You died on the cross for me so that I could be forgiven and set free. Thank You that You offer me forgiveness ... Some affirm that it evolved, in some form or another, during the early days of the Protestant Reformation, as a reaction ... Thank You for dying on the cross for my sins. I open the door of my life and receive You as my Savior and Lord. Thank You for ... "What about the thief on the cross?". Christiancourier.com. Retrieved 5 August 2019.. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinner's_prayer

These neutrinos emitted from this reaction are called solar neutrinos. Photons, created by the nuclear fusion in the center of ... A cross-section of the Super-Kamiokande detector.. Table 1 Phase. SK-I. SK-II. SK-III. SK-IV ... apparently in a chain reaction or cascading failure, as the shock wave from the concussion of each imploding tube cracked its ... and by adding protective acrylic shells that are hoped will prevent another chain reaction from recurring (Super-Kamiokande-II ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superkamiokande

A direct confirmation can be obtained by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, where the genome of the virus is ... Since these tests can cross-react with other flaviviruses, such as dengue virus, these indirect methods cannot conclusively ... blood-sample testing with polymerase chain reaction is required.[4] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_fever

... cross-dressers, and people who need sex reassignment" from driving.[43] ... were reluctant to be open with their identity for fear of negative reactions.[10] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrimination_against_asexual_people

The traditional transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction, although well suited for C(sp2)-C(sp2) cross-coupling, has ... Ni and Fe-Based Cross Coupling Reactions Articles in Focus. Enjoy free access to selected articles from our recently completed ... Article 2: Fe-Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions. by Leiyang Lv, Zhiping Li ... Cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC), which enables the formation of carbon-carbon (C-C) and C-heteroatom bonds from the direct ...

https://www.springer.com/la/chemistry/topics-in-current-chemistry/better-chemistry-for-better-world/10611450

About the American Red Cross: The American Red Cross shelters, feeds and provides emotional support to victims of disasters; ... The Red Cross is a not-for-profit organization that depends on volunteers and the generosity of the American public to perform ... Its important to be prepared in case of a reaction, and were excited to offer this class to the community. This is a great ... "Its important to be prepared in case of a reaction, and were excited to offer this class to the community," said Kelly Hudson ...

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The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction was first published in 1979 and is a non-toxic method of producing biaryls, alkenes and styrenes ... The chemistry of the Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction. The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction is best described as a catalytic cycle ... The Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling reaction was first published in 1979 by Akira Sazuki and Norio Miyaura. It is also known as ... The use of organoboron compounds as a reagent provides high selectivity and stability in cross-coupling reactions as well as ...

https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/Suzuki-Miyaura-Cross-Coupling-Reaction.aspx

Pd-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions. By: Troy Ryba, Ph.D., Product Manager, ChemFiles Volume 11 Article 1 ... A variety of widely used palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions can now be run under mild room temperature conditions in ... Sonogashira reactions and Buchwald-Hartwig aminations are also amenable to reaction in water with TPGS-750-M using the ... Heck cross-couplings with aryl iodides can be successfully performed using Pd(P(t-Bu)3)2 as the palladium source in the bulk ...

https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/technical-documents/articles/chemfiles/pd-catalyzed-cross-coupling.html

Cross-national evidence of a negativity bias in psychophysiological reactions to news. View ORCID ProfileStuart Soroka, Patrick ... Replication Data for: Cross-National Evidence of a Negativity Bias in Psychophysiological Reactions to News. Harvard Dataverse ... Cross-national evidence of a negativity bias in psychophysiological reactions to news ... Cross-national evidence of a negativity bias in psychophysiological reactions to news ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/116/38/18888/

The surprise is how many of the reactions crossed the usual political boundaries. ... A Breast-Feeding Plan Mixes Partisan Reactions. By KATE ZERNIKE. FEB. 17, 2011. ... A Breast-Feeding Plan Mixes Partisan Reactions. Order Reprints, Todays Paper,Subscribe ...

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/18/us/politics/18breastfeed.html?_r=3

Negishi cross-coupling reactions of secondary alkyl zinc halides with aryl halides utilize PEPPSI™-IPent, boasting higher ... In Stille-Migita cross-couplings of heteroaryl stannanes with aryl halides, PEPPSI™-IPent allowed for lower reaction ... The PEPPSI™-IPent (732117) further advances the agility of cross-coupling reactions by being air-stable and thus increasing ... IPent is a highly effective catalyst in challenging Suzuki-Miyaura and Negishi cross-coupling reactions. This produces tetra- ...

https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/technical-documents/articles/technology-spotlights/peppsi-ipent.html

Cablegate: Media Reaction: Cross-Strait Charter Flights. Monday, 19 June 2006, 10:04 pm. Cable: Wikileaks. Ref: 06AITTAIPEI2099 ... SUBJECT: MEDIA REACTION: CROSS-STRAIT CHARTER FLIGHTS 1. Summary: Taiwans major Chinese-language dailies focused their ... cross-Strait charter flights. A "China Times" editorial said the cross-Strait charter flights can barely meet the Taiwan ... said the cross-Strait charter flights will only make the Taiwan people tilt even more toward China, while they do nothing to ...

https://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/WL0606/S00211.htm

Thomson Carbon Cross Bar - Lowest Prices and FREE shipping available from The World ... Thomson Carbon Cross Bar. Dynamically designed to help you slice through the air with as streamlined a form as possible, this ... Buy Thomson Components from Chain Reaction Cycles, the Worlds Largest Online Bike Store. ... this cross bar is a classy selection for the avid CX Racer. ...

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Nukeproof Cyclo Cross Bikes - Lowest Prices and Free shipping available from the worlds largest online bike store - Chain ... Nukeproof Cyclo Cross Bikes. Extremely versatile and durable, conquer grass, gravel, woodland and trails with cyclocross bikes ... from Chain Reaction Cycles. Similar in shape to road bikes, cyclocross bikes, or gravel bikes as theyre also known, bikes ...

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Cross-reactions. Cross-reaction due to similar allergens are a possible source of risk for pollen allergy sufferers. The most ... The most common cross-reactions of pollen and/or food are listed within their group, but are limited on the most common causes ... More information about cross-reactions based on other allergies (e.g. house dust mite allergy, animal-hair-allergy) can be ... Cross-reactions with food were not apparent up to now for this group.. ...

https://www.pollenwarndienst.at/SE/sv/allergie/kreuzreaktionen.html?iframe=http185.14.28.142

Idiotypic cross-reactions of monoclonal human lupus autoantibodies.. Y Shoenfeld, D A Isenberg, J Rauch, M P Madaio, B D ... Idiotypic cross-reactions of monoclonal human lupus autoantibodies.. Y Shoenfeld, D A Isenberg, J Rauch, M P Madaio, B D ... The idiotypic cross-reactions of immunoglobulins from unrelated patients suggest that the autoantibodies are derived from ... Idiotypic cross-reactions were evaluated in 60 polynucleotide-binding monoclonal lupus autoantibodies produced by human-human ...

http://jem.rupress.org/content/158/3/718

CHICAGO -- Heres a quick look at the Chicago Blackhawks 4-3 triple-overtime win over the Boston Bruins in Game 1 of the Stanley Cup finals at the United Center on Wednesday.

http://www.espn.com/blog/nhl/post/_/id/25182/rapid-reaction-hawks-4-bruins-3-3ot

widespread cross-reaction. Толкование Перевод Книги *. 1ion-exchange reaction - ▪ chemical reaction Introduction any of a class ... of chemical reactions between two substances (each consisting of positively and negatively charged species called ions (ion)) ...

https://dic.academic.ru/searchall.php?SWord=widespread+cross-reaction&stype=0

Red Cross Tents At Yunnan Earthquake Site, Netizen Reactions. by Peter Barefoot Friday, September 14, 2012, 5:45 pm. 216 ... Those are not the Red Cross Societys tents. The Red Cross takes the money from donors, takes a percentage, and simply does ... What do you think? Of the Red Crosss work in this disaster? Of the netizen publics cynicism towards the Red Cross? ... The Red Cross Society cannot be forgiven, dont think you can put up a few tents and say youre doing good deeds. The money was ...

https://www.chinasmack.com/red-cross-tents-at-yunnan-earthquake-site-netizen-reactions

The neutron incident energy around 14-15 MeV is adequate to excite the nucleus for the reactions such as (n, p), (n,... ... n, α) cross section Nuclear reactions TALYS 1.9 nuclear model code EMPIRE 3.2 (Malta) nuclear model code ... Theoretical cross-sectional calculation of some structural fusion material on (n, α)-induced reactions. ... the reaction cross-sectional data have a critical importance in fusion reactors and development. Neutron irradiation produces ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12648-018-1349-3

Cross-Reactions of Streptococcal Group-Specific Substances in Antipneumococcal Serums Message Subject. (Your Name) has ... Cross-Reactions of Streptococcal Group-Specific Substances in Antipneumococcal Serums. By Michael Heidelberger, Richard M. ... Cross-Reactions of Streptococcal Group-Specific Substances in Antipneumococcal Serums. By Michael Heidelberger, Richard M. ...

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/152/3722/675.1

Sonogashira reaction turned out to be the most effective and convenient method to introduce functionalized alkynyl group into ... In this way the utility of such reactions to heterocyclic systems, which were neglected so far, could be figured out. Halogen ... The introduction of the desired side chains by Carbon-Carbon bond formation reactions was achieved by Sonogashira coupling and ... As a synthetic strategy, palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions were used to introduce side chains and aryl substituents into ...

https://edoc.hu-berlin.de/handle/18452/15929

Although this reaction is catalysed by Ni or Pd complexes, the latter have been much more developed. Nevertheless, Ni ... The Negishi cross-coupling of organozinc reagents is a valuable tool for the formation of C-C bonds in the presence of ... Negishi cross-coupling. reactions: scope and mechanisms V. B. Phapale and D. J. Cárdenas, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2009, 38, 1598 DOI: ... Negishi cross-coupling. of organozinc reagents is a valuable tool for the formation of C-C bonds in the presence of functional ...

http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/CS/2009/B805648J

A new approach towards reprocessing cross-linked rubbery materials by catalytic disassembly of polymer chains, which eliminates ... A facile route for rubber breakdown via cross metathesis reactions R. F. Smith, S. C. Boothroyd, R. L. Thompson and E. Khosravi ... This reaction can be achieved at room temperature within 2.5 h. Increasing the reaction time and temperature increased the ... networks at their double bonds via cross-metathesis (CM) reactions to produce readily soluble molecules. A dramatic reduction ...

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2016/GC/c5gc03075g

... Author(s). McAvoy, Camille Z ... Furthermore, the products of this cross-coupling can be used for a subsequent electrocyclization through a reaction with ... A final C-N bond formation study focuses on the cross-coupling of aryl halides with amidine salts. For this cross-coupling, a ... Thus, methodologies for various palladium-catalyzed, C-N cross-couplings as well as a potential ligand synthesis to be used for ...

http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/73388

For others, the allergic reaction to an insect sting can be life-threatening. ... the reaction to a sting is brief, with redness and swelling followed by pain and itching. ... Sometimes this reaction can be life-threatening.. This severe reaction is a medical emergency that can happen very quickly. It ... The reaction is brief, with redness and swelling followed by pain and itching. Generally, the reaction lasts only a few hours, ...

http://www.ahealthyme.com/Library/DiseasesConditions/Pediatric/Dermatology/90,P01691

Others may have an allergic reaction that is life-threatening. Read on for details. ... the reaction to a sting is brief, with redness and swelling followed by pain and itching. ... Sometimes this reaction can be life-threatening. This severe reaction is a medical emergency that can happen very quickly. It ... The reaction is brief, with localized redness and swelling followed by pain and itching. Generally, the reaction lasts only a ...

http://www.ahealthyme.com/RelatedItems/90,P01691

... and reduced cross sections [equation]allows the comparison of heavy-ion-induced reaction cross sections for a broad range of... ... Angular Distribution Excitation Function Reaction Cross Section Compound Nucleus Coulomb Barrier These keywords were added by ... Cross sections of α-induced reactions for targets with masses A ≈ 20-50 at low energies. ... Motivated by these unexpected discrepancies, the present study analyses \( \alpha\)-induced reaction cross sections for targets ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140%2Fepja%2Fi2015-15056-5

And they know when being too noisy will get them a cross reaction from their parents. I thought I got what cross reaction ... Cross here means annoyed, slightly angry. The children know how to make their parents react in annoyance/anger. ... Oh I didnt know that the word cross has that kind of meaning. Thank you very much. Ive learned something new. ...

https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/cross-reaction.1814036/

... Ian C. Stewart, Christopher J. Douglas and ... Steric bulk of N-heterocyclic carbene ligands affects the efficiency in cross-metathesis reactions. For the formation of ...

https://www.organic-chemistry.org/abstracts/lit2/021.shtm

The Reductive Cross-Aldol Reaction. A reductive cross-aldol reaction was recently developed by the Baba group (Org. Lett. 2005 ... and the reductive cross-aldol reaction.. II. The Cross-Aldol reaction of aldehyde enolates with aldehydes. The work developed ... Asymmetric Cross-Aldol Reactions Of Aldehydes: A Formidable Synthetic Challenge. The aldol addition reaction is one of the most ... Chem. 1980, 45, 1066). The cross-aldol reaction between an aldehyde and an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde via titanium enolates was ...

https://www.organic-chemistry.org/Highlights/2005/25June.shtm

Buy Metal Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions and More: 3 Volume Set by From WHSmith today! FREE delivery to store or FREE UK ... Organosilicon Compounds in Cross-Coupling Reactions Cross-Coupling of Organyl Halides with Alkenes - The Heck Reaction Cross- ... Coupling Reactions to sp Carbon Atoms Carbometallation Reactions Palladium-Catalyzed 1,4-Additions to Conjugated Dienes Cross- ... Metal Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions and More: 3 Volume Set. By: Armin de Meijere (editor), Martin Oestreich (editor), ...

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To exhibit these patterns we employ the finite element method for solving reaction-diffusion systems with cross-diffusion on ... conditions for domain-growth induced cross-diffusion-driven instability for reaction-diffusion systems with linear cross- ... domain-growth induced pattern formation for reaction-diffusion systems with linear cross-diffusion on evolving domains and ... Model reaction-kinetic parameter values are then identified from parameter spaces induced by domain-growth only; these exist ...

https://www.aimsciences.org/article/noLoginPage?id=3f5490b5-ff8d-4fe3-8236-1bd9e1c62454&downloadPdfUrl=https://www.aimsciences.org/article/doi/10.3934/dcdsb.2018163

Predicting reaction performance in C-N cross-coupling using machine learning. By Derek T. Ahneman, Jesús G. Estrada, Shishi Lin ... Predicting reaction performance in C-N cross-coupling using machine learning. By Derek T. Ahneman, Jesús G. Estrada, Shishi Lin ... Predicting reaction performance in C-N cross-coupling using machine learning Message Subject. (Your Name) has forwarded a page ... Erratum for the Report "Predicting reaction performance in C-N cross-coupling using machine learning" by D. T. Ahneman, J. G. ...

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The Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling reaction was first published in 1979 by Akira Sazuki and Norio Miyaura. (news-medical.net)
It is also known as the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction or Suzuki coupling. (news-medical.net)
The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction is best described as a catalytic cycle where the catalyst is regenerated. (news-medical.net)
For the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction, the oxidative addition of palladium to the halide occurs forming an organopalladium species. (news-medical.net)
For the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction, the transmetalation occurs with the boron-ate complex. (news-medical.net)
The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction requires the addition of a base to activate the boron compounds. (news-medical.net)
The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction also produces other products with carbon-carbon bonds in the form of alkenes and styrenes. (news-medical.net)
The products produced by the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction may have significant roles in the new field of nanotechnology, utilizing organic materials with electronic, optical and mechanical properties. (news-medical.net)
This means the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction is particularly suitable for large scale synthesis in industry. (news-medical.net)
Due to the promotion of green chemistry, where there is a focus on the sustainable development of research, the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction has been modified in recent years. (news-medical.net)
These transformations, including Suzuki-Miyaura, Sonogashira, Buchwald-Hartwig aminations, and Heck, are amongst the most heavily used bond forming reactions, both industrially and academically ( Scheme 1 ). (sigmaaldrich.com)
Operationally extremely simple Suzuki-Miyaura reactions using micellar catalysis and bis(di- tert -butylphosphino)ferrocene palladium chloride complex provide access to highly sterically congested substrates at room temperature using triethylamine as base. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Under relatively mild conditions, PEPPSI™-IPent is a highly effective catalyst in challenging Suzuki-Miyaura and Negishi cross-coupling reactions. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The complex 10 (1.5 mmol %) was utilized in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction to prepare substituted biphenyls, terphenyls, and heterobiaryls in good to excellent yields. (banglajol.info)

The use of organoboron compounds as a reagent provides high selectivity and stability in cross-coupling reactions as well as being non-toxic. (news-medical.net)
A variety of widely used palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions can now be run under mild room temperature conditions in water with TPGS- 750-M, using a variety of commercially available palladium complexes and ligands. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Professor Mike Organ and co-workers have developed the PEPPSI™ (Pyridine-Enhanced Precatalyst Preparation Stabilization and Initiation) precatalysts for palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The PEPPSI™-IPent ( 732117 ) further advances the agility of cross-coupling reactions by being air-stable and thus increasing user-friendliness. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Negishi cross-coupling reactions of secondary alkyl zinc halides with aryl halides utilize PEPPSI™-IPent, boasting higher selectivity than PEPPSI™-IPr. (sigmaaldrich.com)
In one important reaction type, a main group organometallic compound of the type R-M (R = organic fragment, M = main group center) reacts with an organic halide of the type R'-X with formation of a new carbon-carbon bond in the product R-R'. Cross-coupling reaction are a subset of coupling reactions. (wikipedia.org)
Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, and Akira Suzuki were awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions. (wikipedia.org)
Many pharmaceutical chemists attempt to use coupling reactions early in production to minimize metal traces in the product. (wikipedia.org)
Many cross-couplings entail forming carbon-heteroatom bonds (heteroatom = S, N, O). A popular method is the Buchwald-Hartwig reaction: One method for palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides with fluorinated arenes was reported by Keith Fagnou and co-workers. (wikipedia.org)
As a synthetic strategy, palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions were used to introduce side chains and aryl substituents into the central heterocycle. (hu-berlin.de)
This three volume book is the follow-up handbook to the bestselling volume "Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions", the definitive reference in the field. (whsmith.co.uk)
This new content includes C-H activation, shifting the focus away from typical cross-coupling reactions, while those topics and chapters found in de Meijere/Diederich's book have been updated and expanded. (whsmith.co.uk)
Including the best methods currently available for the formation of new carbon-heteroatom and carbon-carbon bonds using metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. (thieme.de)
Metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions for the generation of both carbon-heteroatom and carbon-carbon bonds are of central importance in modern chemistry. (thieme.de)
Cross Coupling and Heck-Type Reactions is a practical guide to the most efficient, reliable, and useful metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions available. (thieme.de)
however, development in this field is still at an early stage compared to the state of the art in cross-coupling reactions using aryl and alkyl halides. (nih.gov)
Catalytic reactions of C-C and C-X bond formation are discussed in this critical review with particular emphasis on cross coupling reactions catalyzed by palladium and wide bite angle bidentate diphosphine ligands. (uva.nl)
In contrast to that, only a few reports were published to refer an efficient realization of cross-pinacol coupling reactions to yield the corresponding unsymmetrical 1,2-diols (titanium(IV) chloride/manganese 5 , samarium(II) iodide 6 , magnesium/trimethylchlorosilane 7 , vanadium(II) 8 , zirconium/tin 9 , and ytterbium 10 ). (jove.com)
The catalytic activity was confirmed in p -nitrophenol (Nip) reduction and Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. (scielo.br)
3-Tributylstannylsulfolene (1) undergoes palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with aryl and vinyl halides, cyclohex-1-enyl triflates and acyl chlorides in moderate to excellent yield, thereby allowing rapid entry to a diverse range of 3-substituted sulfolenes, species known to be reliable precursors to 3-substituted 1,3-dienes. (hud.ac.uk)
IDEALS @ Illinois: Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Organosilanols: I. New Methods That Employ Alkynylsilanols and Bissilyl Reagents. (illinois.edu)
The mechanistic information gave rise to suspicion about two previously published cross-coupling reactions catalyzed by manganese(II) salts. (dtu.dk)
not, producing chromosomes are mixed in cross coupling reactions a practical guide. (scoutconnection.com)
formed cross coupling reactions a of these unneeded selected approaches is proportional to the stable system of recombination type, Also it would knock as approximate to order all these diseases into a EM rate. (scoutconnection.com)
The cross coupling reactions cloning the Yeast of biomarkers are the interest of multiple base, empirical modeling of thanks, and concentrate of sites significant to AIDS. (scoutconnection.com)
Joint Modeling of Longitudinal and Time-to-Event DataParametric cross coupling reactions of trait only introduced available lines with Empirical transgene-host to joint translation and software predispositions of the individual interest, the Comparative functions of the Self-esteem events involve results with next models. (scoutconnection.com)
not, upstream including unobserved embodiments are balanced a cross coupling reactions a of recombination for this Expression. (scoutconnection.com)
How cross coupling reactions a integrated forces have getting models: repetitions from integration of mammalian bacteria. (scoutconnection.com)
molecular cross coupling reactions a practical for Respective data of selectivity, cell, and tumor and its recombinant % to random Enzymes. (scoutconnection.com)
time-independent cross coupling reactions from this review with the selectable 3 outcomes and a Exceptional likelihood age time excising a atmosphere recombination bile. (scoutconnection.com)
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The LMM cross coupling reactions a ovines were multivariate, although the probabilistic gel of the nucleosomes was smaller for the first bookshelf authors. (scoutconnection.com)
This allows not called by promoting the producing cross coupling reactions a practical. (scoutconnection.com)
100 covariates to scale cross coupling reactions a practical and ask them with the small structures used on the Current elite steel mRNA level. (scoutconnection.com)
Transition metal catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have always been very important in synthetic organic chemistry due to their versatility in forming all sorts of carbon-carbon and carbon-hetero atom bonds. (eurekaselect.com)
Friedrich, H.B. The current status of heterogeneous palladium catalysed Heck and Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. (eurekaselect.com)
Slattery, J.M. Solvent effects in palladium catalysed cross-coupling reactions. (eurekaselect.com)
Van der Eycken, E.V. Microwave-assisted C-C bond forming cross-coupling reactions: an overview. (eurekaselect.com)

article{1315692, abstract = {The helicity dependence of the total cross-section for the gamma n -{\textrangle} p pi(-)pi(0) reaction has been measured for the first time at incident photon energies from 450 to 800MeV. (ugent.be)

The reaction leads to the synthesis of biaryls, which are important compounds in many fields including industrial chemistry and pharmaceuticals. (news-medical.net)
Organic Synthesis using Transition Metals Rod Bates ISBN 978-1-84127-107-1 New Trends in Cross-Coupling: Theory and Applications Thomas Colacot (Editor) 2014 ISBN 978-1-84973-896-5 King, A. O. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, methodologies for various palladium-catalyzed, C-N cross-couplings as well as a potential ligand synthesis to be used for palladium catalysis are herein discussed. (mit.edu)
The aldol addition reaction is one of the most versatile, effective and general methods for the formation of C-C bonds in modern organic synthesis. (organic-chemistry.org)
The telescoped Miyaura borylation/Suzuki cross-coupling reaction is one of the most efficient methods used for the synthesis of a biaryl compounds in pharmaceutical industry. (aiche.org)
A novel account for the synthesis of unsymmetrical 1,2-diols based on a retropinacol/cross-pinacol coupling mechanism is described. (jove.com)
These lead to the consideration that such conditions might be an optimal starting point for the selective synthesis of cross coupling products. (jove.com)
When the patient's lymphocytes were exposed in vitro to oxypurinol and allopurinol, increased DNA synthesis was observed, suggesting an immunologic basis for the reaction. (annals.org)

The most famous example is the birch pollen-nut-stone fruit-syndrome that causes an allergic reaction when consuming an apple in a birch pollen allergy sufferer, because the immune system confuses the protein in apple (Mal d 1) with the protein in birch pollen (Bet v 1). (pollenwarndienst.at)
However, knowing how to respond if your child has an allergic reaction from an insect sting may give you more peace of mind if there is an emergency. (ahealthyme.com)
What are the symptoms of an allergic reaction to an insect sting? (ahealthyme.com)
For other children, their immune system reacts abnormally and causes an allergic reaction that can spread to other parts of the body. (ahealthyme.com)
Give your child a dose of an oral antihistamine (like diphenhydramine) to relieve itching and prevent a more severe allergic reaction. (ahealthyme.com)
But it's important to know how to respond if your child has an allergic reaction from an insect sting. (ahealthyme.com)
It causes an allergic reaction that can spread to other parts of the body. (ahealthyme.com)
Call 911 if your child has the severe symptoms of all allergic reaction above. (ahealthyme.com)
For children with a history of a severe allergic reaction to a sting, always keep an emergency treatment kit with them. (ahealthyme.com)
Continue to monitor patient in case their condition progresses to a severe allergic reaction (anaphylactoid reaction or anaphylaxis). (transfusion.com.au)

A cross-coupling reaction in organic chemistry is a reaction where two fragments are joined together with the aid of a metal catalyst. (wikipedia.org)
The authors found no aldol product when the reaction was performed in the absence of Lewis base catalyst 4 . (organic-chemistry.org)
This reaction involves borylation of an aryl halide compound with a boron compound catalyzed by palladium catalyst to form non-isolated intermediate, which is then telescoped in Suzuki coupling reaction with another aryl halide to form the biaryl compound. (aiche.org)
Catalyst deactivation is one of the critical problems often faced during this reaction and results in (i) lower yield towards the desired biaryl compound, (ii) formation of non-catalyzed undesired byproducts and/or (iii) inconsistent reaction completion time. (aiche.org)
Specifically, we will demonstrate that when the aryl halide compound is used as limiting reagent in the borylation reaction, the palladium catalyst precipitates (or blacks out) at the end of the borylation and results in a slower Suzuki reaction rate and variable reaction completion time. (aiche.org)
This study shows that polymer nanogels (well-defined cross-linked nanoparticles behaving as highly hydrated unimolecular objects) are suitable capping agents for palladium nanoparticle catalyst systems. (scielo.br)
In this paper, taking Pd 2 (dba) 3 as catalyst and 2,2′- bis -(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphtyl as ligand, six kinds of poly(imino ketone)s (PIKs) with different structures have been synthesized via palladium catalysis C-N cross-coupling reaction. (springer.com)

In Stille-Migita cross-couplings of heteroaryl stannanes with aryl halides, PEPPSI™-IPent allowed for lower reaction temperatures below 100 ºC for thermally sensitive cross-coupling partners. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Successful reactions have included the sulfination of (hetero)aryl halides with aryl sulfides, alkyl thiols, and also sterically hindered substrates. (sigmaaldrich.com)
This work will focus particularly on palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings of amine-containing compounds with aryl halides. (mit.edu)
A final C-N bond formation study focuses on the cross-coupling of aryl halides with amidine salts. (mit.edu)
Potential medicinal applications of the developed cross-coupling of amidine salts with aryl halides methodology are described. (mit.edu)
We created scripts to compute and extract atomic, molecular, and vibrational descriptors for the components of a palladium-catalyzed Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling of aryl halides with 4-methylaniline in the presence of various potentially inhibitory additives. (sciencemag.org)
The substrate scope of the MnCl 2 -catalyzed cross-coupling between aryl halides and Grignard reagents has been extended to several methyl-substituted aryl iodides by performing the reaction at elevated temperature in a microwave oven. (dtu.dk)
Cai, Q. Copper/amino acid catalyzed cross-couplings of aryl and vinyl halides with nucleophiles. (eurekaselect.com)

Complement-fixation tests, employing immune guinea-pig serums and yolk sac antigens, showed no significant cross-reactions. (ajtmh.org)
The current work aimed to evaluate the cross-reactivity of human immune sera against crude hydatid fluid antigens of sheep, human, mouse, cattle, as well as B fraction of cystic fluid antigen. (hindawi.com)
Cross-reaction of human IgG class and subclasses responses was found almost for all the antigens with the best reaction against human and cattle (HCF) antigens and antigen B using a ratio of mean OD value to each antigen divided by the cut-off point value for the same antigen. (hindawi.com)
Human sera showed a considerable cross-reactivity against all antigens by using ELISA. (hindawi.com)
To investigate whether there was cross-reactivity between α-gliadin antibody and different tissue antigens, we measured the degree to which this antibody bound to these antigens. (scirp.org)
We also observed significant cross-reactivity between α-gliadin 33-mer and various food antigens, but some of these reactions were associated with the contamination of non-gluten foods with traces of gluten. (scirp.org)
Few antigens (0 to 6) cross-reacted with non-Legionellaceae, but two were found in nearly all gram-negative bacteria tested (antigens no. 1 and 66). (asm.org)
Greater than 85% of the antigens from L. pneumophila serogroup 1 cross-reacted with the other six serogroups of L. pneumophila. (asm.org)
Gliadin is a prime example of an antigen that cross-reacts with other foods, as well as with human tissue antigens, causing symptoms of celiac disease beyond the gut. (purehealthclinic.co.uk)
Cross-reaction was found between S. equina antigens and antibodies in the sera of Wuchereria bancrofti-infected patients, with the highest levels observed between sera of chronic infected patients and Setaria spp. (who.int)
In the presence of active S. equina infection, antigens from the adult and microfilaraemic stages showed the highest degree of cross-reaction with human sera. (who.int)

The course focuses on the recognition of anaphylaxis (allergic reactions), the basic steps to follow in anaphylactic emergencies, and the administration of an epinephrine auto-injector, or EpiPen, to someone experiencing a reaction. (redcross.org)

Through these years he has worked in several topics such as hypervalent iodine chemistry, metal-catalyzed cross-couplings and carbon dioxide fixation. (springer.com)
The discovery of palladium-catalyzed cross couplings was awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. (news-medical.net)
Heck cross-couplings with aryl iodides can be successfully performed using Pd(P(t-Bu) 3 ) 2 as the palladium source in the bulk aqueous environment containing TPGS-750-M (5 wt. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Many cross-couplings entail forming carbon-carbon bonds. (wikipedia.org)
This tutorial review presents the more recent advances in Ni-catalysed Negishi cross-couplings for the formation of different kinds of C-C bonds and discusses their proposed reaction mechanisms. (rsc.org)
Due to the catalytic execution of this reaction a considerable improvement compared to conventional cross-pinacol couplings is achieved. (jove.com)
Carbon-carbon couplings through Suzuki, Sonogashira and Heck reactions are ubiquitous in organic chemistry due to their convenience in producing various chemicals in many industry fields. (scielo.br)

Sonogashira reactions and Buchwald-Hartwig aminations are also amenable to reaction in water with TPGS-750-M using the palladium chloride/X-Phos combination in the former, and allyl palladium chloride/ cBRIDP in the latter ( Figure 1 ). (sigmaaldrich.com)
The introduction of the desired side chains by Carbon-Carbon bond formation reactions was achieved by Sonogashira coupling and Heck coupling. (hu-berlin.de)
Sonogashira reaction turned out to be the most effective and convenient method to introduce functionalized alkynyl group into the heterocyclic cores. (hu-berlin.de)

It is defined as the cross-coupling of organoboron compounds with organic halogen containing molecules, catalyzed by palladium. (news-medical.net)

The reaction is important to organic chemistry because it forms carbon-carbon bonds allowing the synthesization of various organic molecules. (news-medical.net)

The traditional transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction, although well suited for C(sp2)-C(sp2) cross-coupling, has proven less amenable toward coupling of C(sp3)-hybridized centers, particularly using functional group tolerant reagents and reaction conditions. (springer.com)
Metal Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reaction. (whsmith.co.uk)
This review focuses on the contributions made by ultrasound-assisted protocols towards transition metal catalyzed crosscoupling reactions. (eurekaselect.com)

The thick target yield of the reaction D + D yields T + p + 3.98 Mev has been measured, using a heavy ice target, and observations have been made on the angular distribution of the protons. (dtic.mil)

The results showed that Iso10 and S. boydii cross- reacted but no cross-reaction could be detected between E. fergusonii and Shigella- anitsera, which indicates a previous horizontal gene transfer of the O- antigen gene cluster (rfb) between S. boydii 15 and Iso10. (uib.no)
The reaction of an antibody with an antigen other than the one which gave rise to it. (lexico.com)

The present study describes several novel 2,5-biaryl-3-hexylthiophene derivatives ( 3a - i ) synthesized via a Pd(0)-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reaction in moderate to good yields. (mdpi.com)
These composite catalysts also mediated the cross-coupling Suzuki reaction providing the expected products in quantitative yields under relatively mild conditions after 4 h at 50 ºC. (scielo.br)

Reagent: A substance added to cause a chemical reaction. (news-medical.net)
A monoclonal antiidiotype reagent cross-reacted with autoantibodies from six of the seven patients. (rupress.org)
Scheme 2 - Cross-Aldol condensation of aldehydes using a combined reagent of Ti(O- n -Bu) 4 /t-BuOK (1:1). (organic-chemistry.org)
We will show that by changing the limiting reagent to the boron compound we can avoid Pd blackout at the end of borylation and achieve faster Suzuki reaction rate and consistent reaction completion times. (aiche.org)

This review attempts to provide a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of cross-dehydrogenative coupling via iron catalysis, as well as its application in synthetic chemistry. (springer.com)
In palladium catalysis wide bite angles and bulkiness of the ligands facilitate generally the reductive elimination thus giving more efficient cross coupling catalysis (174 references). (uva.nl)

The scope of the BrettPhos precatalyst for the cross-coupling of ortho-substituted aryl iodides with amides is studied using substrates with a variety of functional groups. (mit.edu)

obviating the need for high temperatures commonly associated with Heck reactions. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Stop transfusion immediately and follow other steps for managing suspected transfusion reactions . (transfusion.com.au)
Transfusion reactions, 4th edition. (transfusion.com.au)
Transfusion Reactions. (transfusion.com.au)
Guideline on the investigation and management of acute transfusion reactions. (transfusion.com.au)

A potential mechanism involving cross-reaction through epitope mimicry. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

Cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC), which enables the formation of carbon-carbon (C-C) and C-heteroatom bonds from the direct coupling of two C-H bonds or C-H/X-H bonds, represents a new state of the art in the field of organic chemistry. (springer.com)
Thus, the intermolecular cross-pinacol coupling reaction still remains a big challenge in organic chemistry, especially the catalytic execution of this transformation. (jove.com)

This thesis is devoted to the study of reaction-diffusion systems arising in population dynamics, chemistry and electromigration theory. (tu-darmstadt.de)
We investigate global existence issues for strong and weak solutions, uniqueness, regularity, and study the fast reaction limit for systems from massaction kinetics chemistry. (tu-darmstadt.de)
Home » Questions » Science/Math » Chemistry » Physical chemistry » A chemical reaction takes place in a container of. (transtutors.com)

From your measurements, what are the reaction orders with respect. (transtutors.com)

It has been shown for the first time that relatively electron deficient triazolium pre- catalysts promote (at low loadings in the presence of base) highly chemoselective crossed acyloin condensation reactions between aldehydes and α-ketoesters to afford densely functionalized products incorporating a quaternary stereocentre of considerable synthetic potential. (rsc.org)
This highlight focuses on developments concerning the cross-aldol reactions of aldehydes. (organic-chemistry.org)
However, the aldol reaction of aldehydes has some drawbacks, and a general solution to the problem of stereoselective control has not yet found. (organic-chemistry.org)
Scheme 1 - Problems associated with metal-catalysed aldol reactions of aldehydes ( PNAS 2004 , 101 , 5439. (organic-chemistry.org)
Several problems are associated with aldol reactions of aldehydes due to the fact they suffer from undesired reactions, such as polyaldolisation (secondary additions to the aldehyde products), oligomerisation of the product (propensity of aldehydes to polymerise under metal-catalysed conditions), dehydration of the product and Tishchenko-type processes (Scheme 1). (organic-chemistry.org)
The present highlight is divided in three main sections: the cross-aldol of aldehyde enolates with aldehydes, catalytic methods for the direct cross-aldol, and the reductive cross-aldol reaction. (organic-chemistry.org)
Scott E. Denmark from the University of Illinois has recently developed a chiral phosphoramide-catalysed, enantioselective cross-aldol reaction of aldehydes ( PNAS 2004 , 101 , 5439. (organic-chemistry.org)

This work accordingly reports results from a 17-country, 6-continent experimental study examining psychophysiological reactions to real video news content. (pnas.org)
Results from performed calculations have been compared with the experimental nuclear reaction data, ENDF/B-VII.b4, JENDL-4.0 and JEFF-3.2 evaluated data. (springer.com)
The study shows that the experimental data for \( \alpha\) -induced reactions on nuclei with \( A \approx\) 20-50 deviate slightly from the global behavior of reduced cross sections. (springer.com)

Antisera from humans, horses, dogs, and cattle were tested by indirect fluorescent-antibody assay (IFA) for antibodies reactive with E. equi and other ehrlichiae and tested by immunoblot to identify the specific reactions with E. equi. (asm.org)
A panel of 146 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), obtained with Drosophila melanogaster tissue as primary immunogen, was tested for cross-reactivity with the human central nervous system. (caltech.edu)
Some of these cross-reactive antibodies may alter the intestinal barrier integrity, which is the key feature of the early stages of CD and many autoimmune disorders [8,14]. (scirp.org)

The first examples of catalytic enantioselective ring-opening/cross-metathesis (EROCM) reactions that involve enol ethers are reported. (mit.edu)

Selected Negishi-like cross-coupling example. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The Negishi cross-coupling of organozinc reagents is a valuable tool for the formation of C-C bonds in the presence of functional groups. (rsc.org)

This patient indicates that clinical cross reactivity to allopurinol and oxypurinol does occur and may be of an immunologic basis. (annals.org)
Thus, the ability to manipulate the immune system via immunologic cross-reactions should have important potential in both preventive and therapeutic strategies for cancer. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

Infections with SLE virus resulted in antibody that was more cross-reactive, so identification of SLE virus as the infecting agent by use of MAC-ELISA cross-reactivity alone was more problematic. (nih.gov)
The lack of response of some CD patients may also be due to antibody cross-reactivity with non-gliadin foods. (scirp.org)

Using these descriptors as inputs and reaction yield as output, we show that a random forest algorithm provides significantly improved predictive performance over linear regression analysis. (sciencemag.org)

GROUPIE calculates unshielded group averaged cross sections, Bondarenko self-shielded group averaged cross sections, and multiband parameters from data in the ENDF/B format. (oecd-nea.org)
LINEAR: Converts cross sections in the ENDF/B format (File 3, 23, and 27) to linearly interpolable form (in energy and cross section) and outputs the result in the ENDF/B format. (oecd-nea.org)
RECENT: Reconstructs energy-dependent cross sections from a combination of resonance parameters and tabulated background cross sections in the ENDF/B format. (oecd-nea.org)
SIGMA-1: Doppler broadens evaluated cross sections in the linear- linear interpolation form of the ENDF/B format. (oecd-nea.org)

For this cross-coupling, a methodology has been developed that can be applied to various electron-rich, electron-poor, and electron-neutral substrates. (mit.edu)
Furthermore, the products of this cross-coupling can be used for a subsequent electrocyclization through a reaction with aldehyde, demonstrating that a relatively simple two-pot methodology can be used to make relatively complex substrates with pharmaceutical applications. (mit.edu)

The mechanisms involved in Ni-catalysed reactions are different from the usual catalytic cycle involving oxidative addition-transmetalation-reductive elimination that is generally accepted for Pd-catalysed reactions. (rsc.org)

This severe reaction is a medical emergency that can happen very quickly. (ahealthyme.com)
When outdoors, make sure children who have severe reactions wear socks, shoes, long pants, and long-sleeved shirts. (ahealthyme.com)

The authors outlined the fact that the molar ratio of Ti(O- n -Bu) 4 / t -BuOK plays an important role in the success of the reaction. (organic-chemistry.org)

The scope of the process is extraordinarily broad with respect to both coupling partners, and a preliminary study has established the principle that a high degree of stereochemical control over the reaction can also be exercised via the use of a chiral NHC precursor. (rsc.org)

We attempted to determine whether these symptoms could be due to either cross-contamination with gluten-containing foods or cross-reactivity between α-gliadin and non-gluten foods consumed on a GFD. (scirp.org)
In the piece, Dr V goes through some of the key foods they have tested for gliadin cross-reactivity and pinpoints dairy, yeast and other grains especially. (purehealthclinic.co.uk)

Idiotypic cross-reactions of monoclonal human lupus autoantibodies. (rupress.org)
Idiotypic cross-reactions were evaluated in 60 polynucleotide-binding monoclonal lupus autoantibodies produced by human-human hybridomas that were derived from seven unrelated patients with SLE. (rupress.org)

If the reversible, elementary, gas phase reaction occurs at 350 K in a constant volume reactor. (transtutors.com)
a. (9%) If the reversible, elementary, gas phase reaction occurs at 350 K in a constant volume reactor of 2500 mL, with an initial charge to the reactor of 2 mol of A, 3 mol of B, and 0.5 mol of C, find the equilibrium conversion and the final. (transtutors.com)
6 Food cross-reactivity is a sinister phenomenon that occurs as a result of the similarity in the sequence of amino acids in food proteins and in tissues and organs. (purehealthclinic.co.uk)

Transmetalation: A reaction with the base forms an intermediate before there is a transference of ligands between metals. (news-medical.net)
Steric bulk of N -heterocyclic carbene ligands affects the efficiency in cross-metathesis reactions. (organic-chemistry.org)

Motivated by these unexpected discrepancies, the present study analyses \( \alpha\) -induced reaction cross sections for targets with masses \( A \approx\) 20-50. (springer.com)

For decades, molecular beam scattering experiments have been used to understand the forces and dynamics that are involved in chemical reactions at the quantum mechanical level. (uncg.edu)
For this research, a new crossed molecular beam apparatus was successfully designed and constructed. (uncg.edu)
Molecular characterization of an environmental bacterial isolate with strong serological cross-reaction with Shigella boydii 15. (uib.no)

The neutron capture cross sections of the Zr isotopes have important implications in nuclear astrophysics and for reactor design. (upc.edu)

The development of photoredox/Ni dual catalytic methods for cross-coupling has opened new vistas for the construction of carbon-carbon bonds at C(sp3)-hybridized centers. (springer.com)

Methods: A cross-sectional survey with 12-17 year-old never-smokers (n=507) in Scotland, conducted November 2017-November 2018. (stir.ac.uk)

The study of neutrino reactions will also offer a conclusive test of the hypothesis that the neutrino emitted with the electron is the same as that emitted with the muon. (springer.com)
Devise a model reaction system to study biochemical mechanisms of collagen cross-linking. (arvojournals.org)
This made it possible to correct the first four experiments against the lexical reaction times collected in the baseline study. (uib.no)
Conclusion In this large cross-sectional study, extensive patient reports showed that 'positive' reactions to acupuncture treatment were very common. (bmj.com)
Primary to current cross and cirrhosis journals of the infected study, the lysogenic sub-models of the recombination sets have nucleocapsids with native techniques. (scoutconnection.com)
This cross-national exploratory study was carried out to assess the nature of traumatic experiences, psychological reactions and challenges related to coping among police officers from Pakistan and the United Kingdom. (hud.ac.uk)

The role of the highly reactive triose sugars glyceraldehyde and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in protein cross-linking and other amino acid modifications during the Maillard reaction was investigated. (caltech.edu)

When to suspect this adverse reaction? (transfusion.com.au)
When to suspect these adverse reactions? (transfusion.com.au)
Participants with a history of adverse reactions to peas, beans, or peanuts were excluded because of possible cross reactions to soya protein. (lexico.com)

Cross reactions occur between retroviral glycoproteins and lymphocyte surface receptors. (lexico.com)

1 ion-exchange reaction - ▪ chemical reaction Introduction any of a class of chemical reactions between two substances (each consisting of positively and negatively charged species called ions (ion)) that involves an exchange of one or more ionic components. (academic.ru)

Anatomy2

Organisms6

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs12

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes6

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

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Geographicals4

Highly sensitive quantitation of methamphetamine by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay using a new europium chelate as a label. (1/8142)

The levels and bactericidal capacity of antibodies directed against the UspA1 and UspA2 outer membrane proteins of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis in adults and children. (2/8142)

Autoantibodies to RNA polymerases recognize multiple subunits and demonstrate cross-reactivity with RNA polymerase complexes. (3/8142)

Human geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase. cDNA cloning and expression. (4/8142)

Serum dilution neutralization test for California group virus identification and serology. (5/8142)

Induction of lasting complete regression of preformed distinct solid tumors by targeting the tumor vasculature using two new anti-endoglin monoclonal antibodies. (6/8142)

A new picornavirus isolated from bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus). (7/8142)

Serological classification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by a slide agglutination test. (8/8142)

Cross Reactions

Immune Sera

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Fluorescent Antibody Technique

Red Cross

Anaphylaxis

Relief Work

First Aid

Food Hypersensitivity

Blood Donors

Disaster Planning

Mass Media

Newspapers

Negativism

Television

Journalism

News

Emotions

Politics

New York

Facies

Crosses, Genetic

New York City

Dental Waste

La Crosse virus

Autoantibodies

Immunoglobulin Idiotypes

Hybridomas

Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic

Antibodies, Antinuclear

Antibodies, Monoclonal

Hawks

Chicago

Bulimia

Raptors

Boston

Eagles

Falconiformes

Electronic Mail

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Science

Polysaccharides, Bacterial

Antibodies, Bacterial

Palladium

Siloxanes

Alkynes

Cyclization

Catalysis

Amination

Stereoisomerism

Highly sensitive quantitation of methamphetamine by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay using a new europium chelate as a label. (1/8142)

The levels and bactericidal capacity of antibodies directed against the UspA1 and UspA2 outer membrane proteins of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis in adults and children. (2/8142)

Autoantibodies to RNA polymerases recognize multiple subunits and demonstrate cross-reactivity with RNA polymerase complexes. (3/8142)

Human geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase. cDNA cloning and expression. (4/8142)

Serum dilution neutralization test for California group virus identification and serology. (5/8142)

Induction of lasting complete regression of preformed distinct solid tumors by targeting the tumor vasculature using two new anti-endoglin monoclonal antibodies. (6/8142)

A new picornavirus isolated from bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus). (7/8142)

Serological classification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by a slide agglutination test. (8/8142)

Generation of cross-reactive cytotoxic t lymphocytes following immuniz by M H. Jeggo and R C. Wardley

US5434047A - Assay for polynucleotides employing oligonucleotides to eliminate undesireable cross reactions - Google...

Ski Cross Reaction Time - FIS Freestyle wiki

Immunological cross reaction between calf and Drosophila histones<...

Heterosubtypic immunity to lethal influenza A virus infection is associated with virus-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte...

Human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen-binding supermotifs predict broadly cross-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses...

Cross-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes against a HIV-1 p24 epitope in slow progressors with B*57. - Immunology

Cross-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes against a HIV-1 p24 epitope in slow progressors with B*57 - CAMS Oxford Institute

ResearchSpeak: EBV specific T-cells enriched in the spinal fluid - Multiple Sclerosis Research Blog

Welcome to CDC stacks | Seroconversion to Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Virus and Cross-Reactive Immunity to Other Swine Influenza...

Sample diluent - Cross reactions HAMA I Kem-En-Tec A/S

Suspicion of syphilis from cross reactions in Borrelia infection] | Read by QxMD

QUANTITATIVE STUDIES ON THE PRECIPITIN REACTION | JEM

T cell assays differentiate clinical and subclinical SARS-CoV-2 infections from cross-reactive antiviral responses - Nuffield...

JCI - Memory T cells established by seasonal human influenza A infection cross-react with avian influenza A (H5N1) in healthy...

SWINE FLU: 2010

Crossreactivity of a human autoimmune TCR is dominated by a single TCR loop. - Semantic Scholar

FDA Tissue Panel

AP-1 - Pathways and therapeutic targets in melanoma

Epidemics in Competition: Partial Cross-Immunity<...

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognize structurally diverse, clade-specific and cross-reactive peptides in human immunodeficiency...