Cross Reactions
Immune Sera
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.
Fluorescent Antibody Technique
Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.
Highly sensitive quantitation of methamphetamine by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay using a new europium chelate as a label. (1/8142)
A simple and highly sensitive time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay of methamphetamine (MA) using a new fluorescent europium chelate (BHHCT-Eu3+) as a label is described. Two variations of competitive immunoassay were attempted. In the first (one-step) assay, microtiter plates coated with anti-MA were used, and the new label was bound to a conjugate of bovine serum albumin and N-(4-aminobutyl)-MA (MA-BSA). In the second (two-step) assay, instead of the labeled MA-BSA, biotinylated MA-BSA and BHHCT-Eu3+-labeled streptavidin-BSA were used. The lowest measurable concentrations of MA for the one-step and the two-step methods were 1 ng/mL (25 pg/assay) and 1 pg/mL (25 fg/assay), respectively. These were 10 to 1000 times superior to the detection limits of MA in any other immunoassay. Intra-assay coefficient of variation was approximately 2-8% at eight different concentrations (n = 4). Analysis of 34 urine samples with the new method and conventional gas chromatography showed a good correlation (r = 0.954). The high detectability of the present assay also enabled segmental hair analysis with a few centimeters of a hair. (+info)The levels and bactericidal capacity of antibodies directed against the UspA1 and UspA2 outer membrane proteins of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis in adults and children. (2/8142)
The UspA1 and UspA2 proteins from Moraxella catarrhalis share antigenic epitopes and are promising vaccine candidates. In this study, the levels and bactericidal activities of antibodies in sera from healthy adults and children toward UspA1 and UspA2 from the O35E strain were measured. Human sera contained antibodies to both proteins, and the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were age dependent. Adult sera had significantly higher titers of IgG than child sera (P < 0.01). The IgG3 titers to the UspA proteins were higher than the IgG1 titers in the adults' sera, while the IgG1 titers were higher than the IgG3 titers in the children's sera (P < 0.05). The IgG antibodies in the sera from 2-month-old children appeared to be maternally derived, since the mean titer was significantly higher than that in sera from 6- to 7-month-old children (P < 0.05). Serum IgA antibodies to both UspA1 and UspA2 were low during the first 7 months of age but thereafter gradually increased along with the IgG titers. Analysis of sera absorbed with UspA1 or UspA2 showed that the antibodies to UspA1 and UspA2 were cross-reactive with each other and associated with serum bactericidal activity. Examination of affinity-purified human antibodies confirmed that naturally acquired antibodies to UspA1 and UspA2 were bactericidal and cross-reactive. These results support using UspA1 and UspA2 in a vaccine to prevent M. catarrhalis infections. (+info)Autoantibodies to RNA polymerases recognize multiple subunits and demonstrate cross-reactivity with RNA polymerase complexes. (3/8142)
OBJECTIVE: To determine the subunit specificity of autoantibody directed to RNA polymerases (RNAP) I, II, and III, which is one of the major autoantibody responses in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS: Thirty-two SSc sera with anti-RNAP antibodies (23 with anti-RNAP I/III, 5 with anti-RNAP I/III and II, and 4 with anti-RNAP II alone) were analyzed by immunoblotting using affinity-purified RNAP and by immunoprecipitation using 35S-labeled cell extracts in which RNAP complexes were dissociated. Antibodies bound to individual RNAP subunits were eluted from preparative immunoblots and were further analyzed by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. RESULTS: At least 15 different proteins were bound by antibodies in anti-RNAP-positive SSc sera in various combinations. All 9 sera immunoprecipitating RNAP II and all 28 sera immunoprecipitating RNAP I/III recognized the large subunit proteins of RNAP II and III, respectively. Reactivity to RNAP I large subunits was strongly associated with bright nucleolar staining by indirect immunofluorescence. Affinity-purified antibodies that recognized a 62-kd subunit protein cross-reacted with a 43-kd subunit protein and immunoprecipitated both RNAP I and RNAP III. Antibodies that recognized a 21-kd subunit protein obtained from sera that were positive for anti-RNAP I/III and II antibodies immunoprecipitated both RNAP II and RNAP III. CONCLUSION: Anti-RNAP antibodies recognize multiple subunits of RNAP I, II, and III. Moreover, the results of this study provide the first direct evidence that antibodies that recognize shared subunits of human RNAPs or epitopes present on different human RNAP subunits are responsible for the recognition of multiple RNAPs by SSc sera. (+info)Human geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase. cDNA cloning and expression. (4/8142)
Geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) synthase (GGPPSase) catalyzes the synthesis of GGPP, which is an important molecule responsible for the C20-prenylated protein biosynthesis and for the regulation of a nuclear hormone receptor (LXR.RXR). The human GGPPSase cDNA encodes a protein of 300 amino acids which shows 16% sequence identity with the known human farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) synthase (FPPSase). The GGPPSase expressed in Escherichia coli catalyzes the GGPP formation (240 nmol/min/mg) from FPP and isopentenyl diphosphate. The human GGPPSase behaves as an oligomeric molecule with 280 kDa on a gel filtration column and cross-reacts with an antibody directed against bovine brain GGPPSase, which differs immunochemically from bovine brain FPPSase. Northern blot analysis indicates the presence of two forms of the mRNA. (+info)Serum dilution neutralization test for California group virus identification and serology. (5/8142)
The serum dilution neutralization test was evaluated for serological diagnosis of California group arbovirus infections and identification of virus isolates. The technical advantages and the degree of subtype specificity of the serum dilution neutralization test over the hemagglutination inhibition test and the complement fixation test were demonstrated with paired specimens from human cases, single human survey sera, and sentinel rabbit sera. Twenty-one virus isolates from various geographical areas of the United States were also used to evaluate the efficacy of the serum dilution neutralization test for specific virus identification. (+info)Induction of lasting complete regression of preformed distinct solid tumors by targeting the tumor vasculature using two new anti-endoglin monoclonal antibodies. (6/8142)
Endoglin (EDG, CD105) is a proliferation-associated antigen on endothelial cells. In this study, two new anti-EDG monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) Y4-2F1 (or termed SN6j) and P3-2G8 (SN6k) were generated and used for treating distinct preformed tumors. These mAbs, both IgG1-kappa antibodies, cross-reacted weakly with mouse endothelial cells but defined epitopes different from the epitope defined by a previously reported anti-EDG mAb K4-2C10 (B. K. Seon et al., Clin. Cancer Res., 3: 1031-1044, 1997). SN6j and SN6k reacted strongly with human endothelial cells and vascular endothelium of malignant human tissues but showed no significant reactivity with tumor cells per se. The deglycosylated ricin A chain (dgRA) conjugates of the two mAbs showed a weak but specific cytotoxic activity against murine endothelial cells in vitro. In the therapeutic studies, severe combined immunodeficient mice were inoculated s.c. with MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and left untreated until palpable tumors of distinct size (4-6 mm in diameter) appeared. Mice with the distinct tumors were treated by i.v. administration of individual anti-EDG conjugates, unconjugated mAbs, or a control conjugate. Long-lasting complete regression of the tumors was induced in the majority of tumor-bearing mice (n = 8 for each conjugate) when 40 microg of the individual conjugates were administered three times via the tail vein. It is remarkable that the tumors remained regressed without further therapy for as long as the mice were followed (i.e., 100 days). Control conjugate did not induce regression of the tumors in any of the treated mice, although weak nonspecific effects were observed in some of the mice (n = 8). The effects of unconjugated mAbs were small with the dose used, i.e., 34 microg three times. The anti-EDG conjugates showed antiangiogenic activity in the dorsal air sac assay in mice. The results suggest good potential of these conjugates for the clinical application. (+info)A new picornavirus isolated from bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus). (7/8142)
A previously unknown picornavirus was isolated from bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus). Electron microscopy images and sequence data of the prototype isolate, named Ljungan virus, showed that it is a picornavirus. The amino acid sequences of predicted Ljungan virus capsid proteins VP2 and VP3 were closely related to the human pathogen echovirus 22 (approximately 70% similarity). A partial 5' noncoding region sequence of Ljungan virus showed the highest degree of relatedness to cardioviruses. Two additional isolates were serologically and molecularly related to the prototype. (+info)Serological classification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by a slide agglutination test. (8/8142)
Serological classification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the slide agglutination test with live organisms was studied, based on the O antigen schema adopted by the international expert panel sponsored by the Subcommittee on Pseudomonas and Related Organisms of the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. The typing results obtained by the slide test with well-absorbed O sera were identical to those obtained by the conventional tube agglutination test with autoclaved organisms. Most O antigens occur singly; but O2, O5, and O16 occur in four combinations. Antigens O13 and O14 are closely related, as are O7 and O8, and it would be convenient to classify organisms possessing these antigens collectively as O7,8 and O13,14. (+info)
Generation of cross-reactive cytotoxic t lymphocytes following immuniz by M H. Jeggo and R C. Wardley
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Cross-coupling reaction
In organic chemistry, a cross-coupling reaction is a reaction where two fragments are joined together with the aid of a metal ... Cross-coupling reaction are a subset of coupling reactions. It is often used in arylations. Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, ... Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions Using Alkyl-organometallics as Reaction Partners". Chemical Reviews. 111 (3): 1417-1492. doi ... A popular method is the Buchwald-Hartwig reaction: One method for palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides ...
Reaction ferry
Reaction ferries cross the rivers Sava and Drava. Dolní Žleb Ferry crosses the Elbe at Dolní Žleb near Děčín. with lower ( ... Several reaction ferries crossed rivers in the Ozark Mountains of the central United States during the first half of the 20th ... A reaction ferry is a cable ferry that uses the reaction of the current of a river against a fixed tether to propel the vessel ... Three such ferries cross the Aare in Bern. The Hampton Loade Ferry, which carried passengers only, crossed the River Severn at ...
Ullmann reaction
Beletkaya, I.P.; Cheprakov, A.V. (2004). "Copper in Cross Coupling Reactions: The Post Ullman Chemistry". Coord. Chem. Rev. 248 ... The Ullmann reaction or Ullmann coupling is a coupling reaction between aryl halides. Traditionally this reaction is effected ... In organic synthesis this reaction is often replaced by palladium coupling reactions such as the Heck reaction, the Hiyama ... In organic synthesis this reaction is often replaced by palladium coupling reactions such as the Heck reaction, the Hiyama ...
Hajos-Parrish-Eder-Sauer-Wiechert reaction
"The First Direct and Enantioselective Cross-Aldol Reaction of Aldehydes". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 124 (24): ... The organocatalytic intermolecular aldol reaction is now known as the Barbas-List Aldol reaction. Several reaction mechanisms ... suppresses various possible side-reactions: reaction of the ketone with proline to an oxazolidinone and reaction of the ... 3] The reaction mechanism as proposed by the Barbas group in 2000 for the intermolecular reactions is based also on enamine ...
Reaction-diffusion system
"Ready, a cross-platform implementation of various reaction-diffusion systems." https://github.com/GollyGang/ready Isaacson, ... A thesis on reaction-diffusion patterns with an overview of the field Interactive web application for reaction-diffusion ... Autowave Diffusion-controlled reaction Chemical kinetics Phase space method Autocatalytic reactions and order creation Pattern ... "Reversible interacting-particle reaction dynamics." The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 122.49 (2018): 11240-11250. Reaction- ...
Reformatsky reaction
... a new reagent for cross-aldol reactions". Tetrahedron Letters. 26 (36): 4371-4372. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)98737-9. Ishihara ... Coupling reactions, Addition reactions, Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions, Organometallic chemistry, Name reactions). ... The Reformatsky reaction (sometimes misspelled Reformatskii reaction) is an organic reaction which condenses aldehydes or ... Shriner, R. L. (1942). "The Reformatsky Reaction". Organic Reactions. 1: 1-37. doi:10.1002/0471264180.or001.01. ISBN ...
Coupling reaction
Coupling reactions are illustrated by the famous Ullmann reaction: An illustrative cross-coupling reaction is the Heck coupling ... The most common type of coupling reaction is the cross coupling reaction. Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, and Akira Suzuki ... A coupling reaction in organic chemistry is a general term for a variety of reactions where two fragments are joined together ... "Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions in the Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals". Organometallics in Process Chemistry. ...
Catellani reaction
... followed a terminating cross-coupling reaction at the ipso position. This cross-coupling cascade reaction depends on the ortho- ... Suzuki reaction, etc. The Catellani reaction facilitates a variety of C-C and C-N bond-forming reactions at the ortho position ... With tethered cross-coupling partners, Lautens, Malacria, and Catellani used this reaction to construct a variety of fused ring ... Total Synthesis of (+)-Linoxepin by Utilizing the Catellani Reaction (Chemical reactions). ...
Bamford-Stevens reaction
doi:10.1016/s0040-4020(02)01563-6. Baruenga, J. (2007). "N-tosylhydrazones as Reagents for Cross-Coupling Reactions: A Route to ... Shapiro reaction (Olefination reactions, Elimination reactions, Name reactions). ... Zhihui, S. (2012). "N-Tosylhydrazones: versatile reagents for metal-catalyzed and metal-free cross-coupling reactions". Chem. ... The Bamford-Stevens reaction is a chemical reaction whereby treatment of tosylhydrazones with strong base gives alkenes. It is ...
Heck reaction
... catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The Heck reaction is a way to substitute alkenes. The original reaction by Tsutomu Mizoroki ... The Heck reaction (also called the Mizoroki-Heck reaction) is the chemical reaction of an unsaturated halide (or triflate) with ... Hiyama coupling Stille reaction Suzuki reaction Sonogashira coupling Intramolecular Heck reaction Negishi Coupling Drahl, ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Heck reaction. The Heck reaction at organic-chemistry.org Article (Coupling reactions, ...
Fujiwara-Moritani reaction
In organic chemistry, the Fujiwara-Moritani reaction is a type of cross coupling reaction where an aromatic C-H bond is ... Thus, this reaction can be classified as a C-H activation reaction, an oxidative Heck reaction, and a C-H olefination. ... The reaction was discovered by Yuzo Fujiwara and Ichiro Moritani in 1967. An external oxidant is required to this reaction to ... Note: this is not the Fujiwara-Moritani reaction because it is directed by the free acid. The Fujiwara-Moritani reaction is ...
Pinacol coupling reaction
The reaction is usually a homocoupling but intramolecular cross-coupling reactions are also possible. Pinacol was discovered by ... 1, p. 459 (CS1 German-language sources (de), Addition reactions, Free radical reactions, Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions, ... A pinacol coupling reaction is an organic reaction in which a carbon-carbon bond is formed between the carbonyl groups of an ... The reaction product is a vicinal diol. The reaction is named after pinacol (also known as 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-butanediol or ...
Harpoon reaction
Wiskerke, A. E.; S. Stolte; H. J. Loesch; R. D. Levine (2000). "K + CH3I → KI + CH3 revisited: the total reaction cross section ... A harpoon reaction is a type of chemical reaction, first proposed by Michael Polanyi in 1920, whose mechanism (also called the ... Their main feature of these redox reactions is that, unlike most reactions, they have steric factors greater than unity; that ... CS1: Julian-Gregorian uncertainty, CS1 German-language sources (de), Chemical kinetics, Chemical reactions, Reaction mechanisms ...
Stille reaction
An alternative developed to this process is the Stille-carbonylative cross-coupling reaction, which introduces the carbonyl ... The Stille reaction is a chemical reaction widely used in organic synthesis. The reaction involves the coupling of two organic ... this can become a significant side reaction. Vinyl halides are common coupling partners in the Stille reaction, and reactions ... Coupling reactions, Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions, Palladium, Name reactions). ...
Aldol reaction
This strategy allows the otherwise challenging cross-aldol reaction between two aldehydes. In general, cross-aldol reactions ... Chemistry portal Aldol-Tishchenko reaction Baylis-Hillman reaction Ivanov reaction Reformatsky reaction Wade, L. G. (2005). ... the reaction is called a crossed aldol reaction; on the converse, when the nucleophile and electrophile are the same, the ... This reaction is known as the Hajos-Parrish reaction (also known as the Hajos-Parrish-Eder-Sauer-Wiechert reaction, referring ...
Dichloro(1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane)nickel
"Cross-Coupling Reactions". Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rd100.pub2. Ljungdahl, Thomas ... "Two Competing Mechanisms for the Copper-Free Sonogashira Cross-Coupling Reaction". Organometallics. 27 (11): 2490-2498. doi: ... in an effective catalyst for coupling reactions such as the Kumada coupling and Suzuki reactions (example below). It also ... Kumada, Makota; Tamao, Kohei; Sumitani, Koji (1978). "Phosphine-Nickel Complex Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Grignard Reagents ...
Organoiron chemistry
Cross-coupling reactions. Iron compounds such as Fe(acac)3 catalyze a wide range of cross-coupling reactions with one substrate ... In a complementary reaction, Collman's reagent can be used to convert acyl chlorides to aldehydes. Similar reactions can be ... including Friedel-Crafts reactions and lithation. Some electrophilic functionalization reactions, however, proceed via initial ... Complexes of the type Fe2(SR)2(CO)6 and Fe2(PR2)2(CO)6 form, usually by the reaction of thiols and secondary phosphines with ...
Marcetta Y. Darensbourg
These enzymes are capable of carry out reaction even in the absence of the protein-based active site organization or carry out ... X. Cross-association of Tert Butyllithium. Kinetics of Tert Butyllithium Dissociation". Journal of the American Chemical ... The ligands can act as a catalyst to carry out different reactions, depending on which transition metal being at the center. ... Using mass spectroscopy, the existence of cross-association with other organolithium species in the vapor phase could also be ...
Oxidative coupling
Oxidative Cross-Coupling Reactions. Aiwen Lei, Wei Shi, Chao Liu, Wei Liu, Hua Zhang, Chuan He, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. ... Usually oxidative couplings are catalysed by a transition metal complex like in classical cross-coupling reactions, although ... Another reaction is the synthesis of 1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol from 2-naphthol by iron chloride, discovered in 1873 by Alexander ... Early examples involve coupling of terminal alkynes: 2 RC≡CH + 2 Cu(I) → RC≡C-C≡CR + 2 Cu + 2 H+ Coupling reactions involving ...
Nuclear reaction analysis
Due to the narrow peak in the reaction cross section primarily ions of the resonance energy undergo a nuclear reaction. Thus, ... In the 1H(15N,αγ)12C reaction (or indeed the 15N(p,αγ)12C inverse reaction), the energetic emitted γ ray is characteristic of ... with a sharp resonance in the reaction cross section at 6.385 MeV of only 1.8 keV. Since the incident 15N ion loses energy ... the deeper the reaction). For example, a commonly used reaction to profile hydrogen with an energetic 15N ion beam is 15N + 1H ...
François Diederich
Meijere, A. de; Diederich, François (2004). Metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. ISBN 3-527-30518-1. ...
Kumada coupling
... the Kumada coupling is a type of cross coupling reaction, useful for generating carbon-carbon bonds by the reaction of a ... Heck reaction Hiyama coupling Suzuki reaction Negishi coupling Petasis reaction Stille reaction Sonogashira coupling Corriu, R ... Use dmy dates from June 2013, Coupling reactions, Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions, Name reactions). ... The reaction is notable for being among the first reported catalytic cross-coupling methods. Despite the subsequent development ...
Jay Kochi
Many decades later, interest in base metal catalysis sparked significant efforts to further develop cross-coupling reactions ... Fürstner, Alois; Leitner, Andreas; Méndez, María; Krause, Helga (2002-11-01). "Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions". ... He developed the Kochi reaction, a variation on the Hunsdiecker reaction. Kochi was of Japanese descent and he and his family ... Kochi's work showed that this reaction proceeds via a complex between benzene (the donor) and nitrosonium ion (the acceptor). ...
Suzuki reaction
The Suzuki reaction is an organic reaction, classified as a cross-coupling reaction, where the coupling partners are a boronic ... The first nickel catalyzed cross-coupling reaction was reported by Percec and co-workers in 1995 using aryl mesylates and ... This reaction is also known as the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction or simply as the Suzuki coupling. It is widely used to synthesize ... Investigation into the nickel catalyzed cross-coupling continued and increased the scope of the reaction after these first ...
Nuclear reaction
The rate at which reactions occur depends on the energy and the flux of the incident particles, and the reaction cross section ... Hence: The reaction energy (the "Q-value") is positive for exothermal reactions and negative for endothermal reactions, ... stripping reactions, or from the target to the projectile; pick-up reactions. (α,n) and (α,p) reactions. Some of the earliest ... exothermic reaction) or kinetic energy may have to be supplied for the reaction to take place (endothermic reaction). This can ...
European reactions to the 2006 Lebanon War
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Dialkylbiaryl phosphine ligands
"A Highly Active Catalyst for Pd-Catalyzed Amination Reactions: Cross-Coupling Reactions Using Aryl Mesylates and the Highly ... The Pd2(dba)3/MePhos catalytic system has been applied to late stage Suzuki cross couplings. This reaction has been conducted ... They have proved useful in Buchwald-Hartwig amination and etherification reactions as well as Negishi cross-coupling, Suzuki- ... SPhos has proven effective in Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions. This ligand enables the cross-coupling of ...
Ertapenem
Hypersensitivity cross-reactions with penicillins are rare. Ertapenem also can have an effect on some blood tests such as liver ... or with severe hypersensitivity reactions (such as anaphylaxis or severe skin reactions) to other beta-lactam antibiotics in ... It inhibits cross-linking of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls by blocking a type of enzymes called penicillin- ... Common side effects are diarrhoea (in 5% of people receiving ertapenem), nausea (in 3%) and vomiting, reactions at the ...
Organonickel(IV) complex
Nebra, Noel (2020-03-04). "High-Valent NiIII and NiIV Species Relevant to C-C and C-Heteroatom Cross-Coupling Reactions: State ... Diccianni, Justin B.; Diao, Tianning (December 2019). "Mechanisms of Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions". Trends in ... These high-valent nickel compounds are intermediates or models thereof for various catalytic reactions. Ni(IV) complexes are ... Camasso, N. M.; Sanford, M. S. (2015-02-05). "Design, synthesis, and carbon-heteroatom coupling reactions of organometallic ...
Cross dehydrogenative coupling
... (also known as CDC reaction), coined by prof. Chao-Jun Li of McGill University, is a type of ... Mechanisms of Cross-Dehydrogenative-Coupling Reactions, Green Chemistry Series, Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, pp. 254- ... Such reactions can be achieved or activated by transition-metal catalysis or oxidation reaction (e.g. benzoquinone, peroxides, ... C-H activation Cross-coupling Atom economy Oxidative coupling Li, Chao-Jun (2009-02-17). "Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling (CDC ...
Roxy Willis
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Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales
On Saint Martin, a young astronomer named Carina Smyth is sentenced to death for witchcraft but escapes and crosses paths with ... Rahman, Abid (March 28, 2017). "'Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales': First Reactions From CinemaCon Screening". ... Kelley, Seth (June 4, 2017). "'Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales' Crosses $500 Million at Global Box Office". ...
R.O.D the TV
The Three Paper Sisters appeared in the cross-over game Battle Moon Wars as enemies, renamed as Anipon, Maggipon and Mipon. " ... and she feels she can't write again until she hears Yomiko's reaction to the book, so Nenene often disappears for long periods ...
Gabonese nationality law
... by having received the cross of the Legion of Honor, having obtained a university degree, having rendered service to the nation ... The Application of the Civil Code to Guadeloupe in the Context of the Napoleonic Reaction] (PDF). Bulletin de la Société ...
Incendiary device
... designed to slow the process of chemical reactions and use ignition rather than detonation to start or maintain the reaction. ... Wilbur Cross, "Zeppelins of World War I" page 35, published 1991 Paragon House ISBN I-56619-390-7 Hanson, Neil (2009), First ...
Andrew Rosindell
Before becoming an MP, he was a local councillor in Romford on Havering Council, winning the Chase Cross and Havering-atte- ... message about condemning the Spanish government's reaction, saying the violence 'brought shame on Spain and shame on the ...
Daisuke Matsuzaka
Journalist Nobuhiro Chiba characterized Japanese reaction to the signing: "I think the people are relieved to send Daisuke to ... 1 million to the Japanese Red Cross via the Red Sox Foundation. "Our efforts on the field are dedicated to all who are ...
John Appleton
Attempts to deliver on Buchanan's instructions for a cross-border treaty with Peru were also rebuffed, as the Peruvian ... Cited in Morrison, Michael A. (June 2003). "American Reaction to European Revolutions, 1848-1852: Sectionalism, Memory, and the ... goodwill and help secure a cross-border treaty that would transfer the port of Arica from Peruvian to Bolivian control. ...
Biliblanket
Photochemical reactions then transform bilirubin into nontoxic isomers that are more polar, water-soluble and therefore, can be ... Nevertheless, when bilirubin levels become exceedingly high, the substance may move out of the blood, cross the blood brain ...
Nonviolent video game
In 2005, in reaction to such controversial games as Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, Senator Hillary Clinton along with Senators ... PlayStations of the Cross. New York Times. 1 May 2005. Metacritic Game Review Varney, Allen. My Hindu Shooter. 10 October 2006 ... The Buddhist concept of dharma has been emphasized in a number of Buddhist games as a reaction to perceptions of the adharmic ... forum have developed within the greater gaming community in reaction to this growing niche. There has been a rapid increase in ...
Remixed & Revisited
Cross, Mary (2007). Madonna: A Biography. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-33811-3. Collis, Clark; Weiner, Jonah ( ... The kiss generated strong reaction from the media. Feminist author Camille Paglia described the moment as great; she noted that ...
The Muslims Are Coming!
David Cross Rachel Maddow Aasif Mandvi Soledad O'Brien Jon Stewart Ali Velshi Colin Quinn Lizz Winstead Janeane Garofalo Rep. ... though the falling-in-the-aisles reaction shots tell another story) and the comics' patchwork odyssey often derails into ...
MAX Orange Line
The lines then cross the Willamette River on Tilikum Crossing. On the opposite end of Tilikum Crossing in Southeast Portland, ... cites negative reactions". The Oregonian. Archived from the original on November 27, 2020. Retrieved March 17, 2021. "TriMet ...
Northern Ireland
The UK flags policy states that in Northern Ireland, "The Ulster flag and the Cross of St Patrick have no official status and, ... 1987), Reactions To Irish Nationalism, 1865-1914, London: Hambledon Press, With the Rising of 1916 a break took place in ... NICRA's campaign, seen by many unionists as an Irish republican front, and the violent reaction to it proved to be a precursor ... The Irish Rebellion of 1798 was led by the United Irishmen; a cross-community Irish republican group founded by Belfast ...
Job interview
A Laboratory Study of Reactions to Puzzle Interviews: Reactions to Puzzle Interviews". Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 42 ... The goal of cross-cultural training is to improve one's ability to adapt and judge people from other cultures. This training is ... Comprehensive meta-analysis into reaction generalization versus situational specificity: Applicant Reactions Meta-Analysis". ... There are a few ways that cross-cultural differences can mess up the results of our attempts to predict job performance. The ...
Blue Line (Washington Metro)
The Blue Line crosses the Anacostia River on a bridge adjacent to Benning Road NE. At this point the line splits from the ... In reaction to their lobbying, the DC government insisted that the station be removed and that the tunnel for the line be ... The tunnel bends south under 12th Street NW and crosses under the Red Line in the Metro Center station. The tunnel then turns ...
Kristine Kochanski
Her initial reaction to the meagre conditions of life aboard Starbug is one of utter despair, as well as disdain for the " ... informs Rimmer that everyone had crossed back into the mirror universe. The machine opening the way to the mirror universe is ...
Charleston church shooting
In reaction to the controversy regarding the Confederate flag's modern display, institutions across the U.S. have considered ... Tens of thousands of individuals crossed from the Mount Pleasant side of the bridge to the downtown Charleston side, carrying ... At least eighteen candidates and prospective candidates for the 2016 U.S. presidential election expressed reactions through ...
Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust
Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword, in Diamonds Brazil: Grand Cross of the Southern Cross Belgium: Grand Cordon of the Order of ... and his name became synonymous with the worst form of reaction, but it is not clear that the attacks on him were justified. ... Joseph Modena: Grand Cross of the Eagle of Este Bavaria: Grand Cross of Merit of the Bavarian Crown, 1851 Knight of St. Hubert ... He received the following orders and decorations: Austria: Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of Leopold, 1850 Grand Cross of ...
Hugh Shelton
Later he coined the phrase "Dover test", testing the support for a war based on the reaction of the people after seeing ... Recipients of the Gallantry Cross (Vietnam), Auburn University at Montgomery alumni, Air Command and Staff College alumni, ...
Freddie Laker
On 1 January 1963, Channel Air Bridge merged with Silver City Airways, which had pioneered commercial cross-Channel vehicle ... and written by Mel Smith and Peter Brewis in reaction to Laker Airways' bankruptcy. In 1988, InsideFlyer magazine's editor and ...
Sabotage (Black Sabbath album)
Sabotage's front cover art has garnered mixed reactions over the years and is regarded by some as one of the worst album covers ... Southern Cross. No. 21. p. 69. Black Sabbath Online: Sabotage Archived 11 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine Osbourne, Ozzy (2011 ...
Anatoly Marchenko
On 17 April, he followed this up with a series of letters on the same subject to the head of the Soviet Red Cross, and other ... Despite little reaction to his hunger strike from the world press, Marchenko continued to through November, although Bogoraz ... Bogoraz was denied a death certificate, and had to write his name in ballpoint pen on the pine wood cross on his grave. On the ...
Adobe Creative Cloud
Ashleigh Allsopp (May 13, 2013). "Adobe Creative Cloud: Reactions, responses and reassurance". Macworld. Archived from the ... and cross-platform desktop applications for the Adobe Flash platform. Flash Professional (now Adobe Animate) is Flash's content ... Allsopp, Ashleigh (May 24, 2013). "Adobe Creative Cloud: Reactions, responses and reassurance". Macworld. Archived from the ...
Battle of Bangui
In reaction to rebel advancements, French forces secured Bangui airport. At 8:15 on 24 March fighting erupted in the city ... At 19:00 Christian Narkoyo, spokesman of Séléka, announced that rebel forces had crossed the PK12 neighbourhood with little ...
Food web
... the mass of any one element at the beginning of a reaction will equal the mass of that element at the end of the reaction.: 11 ... This has led to the concept or area of study known as cross-boundary subsidy. "This leads to anomalies, such as food web ... These chemical reactions require energy, which mainly comes from the Sun and largely by photosynthesis, although a very small ... The components of food webs, including organisms and mineral nutrients, cross the thresholds of ecosystem boundaries. ...
September 1968
Critical reaction to the series was favorable, as the AP writer described it as "a welcome addition to the network's schedule- ... He would be posthumously awarded the Distinguished Service Cross. The American CBS television network unveiled its lineup of ... comparing and contrasting the reactions of both Richard Nixon and Hubert Humphrey to their respective nominations for the ...
John 6
He needed to pray also for His disciples". The disciples set off by boat to cross back to Capernaum on the north-western side ... but they reaction was now to think: This is an hard saying; who can hear it? - John 6:60 This teaching was "not merely harsh, ...
Early 1970
Ringo Starr recalling his reaction to John Lennon saying he was leaving the Beatles As the Beatles' drummer, and only a nascent ... cross-legged guitar picker" whose wife, former model Pattie Boyd, picks daisies for his vegetarian meals. Author Robert ...
Para (Special Forces)
This is to test probationers panic reactions under stress. The hands are also tied later on and using ropes the probationers ... Based on precise intelligence inputs, the Indian Air Force and 21 Para (SF) carried a cross-border operation along the Indo- ... However, the Pakistan army dismissed India's claim, and instead claimed that Indian troops had not crossed the LoC but had only ... They started off from Poonch and crossed the Poonch River. After they reached the Mandole village, they started searching for ...
Browsing by Subject "Cross Reactions"
Serological cross-reaction between rodent malaria parasites as determined by the indirect immunofluorescent technique / by H. M ... Antigenic cross-reactions between Babesia Argentina and Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum / by Colin G. Ludford ... [ ... Fluorescent antibody technique applied to the study of serological cross-reactions of exo-erythrocytic schizonts of avian, ... WHO R&D Blueprint: novel Coronavirus: prospects for evaluating cross-reactivity of nCoV with SARS-CoV: January 24, 2020, Geneva ...
Cross-reactions: Pollenwarndienst
Cross-reactions. Cross-reaction due to similar allergens are a possible source of risk for pollen allergy sufferers. The most ... The most common cross-reactions of pollen and/or food are listed within their group, but are limited on the most common causes ... More information about cross-reactions based on other allergies (e.g. house dust mite allergy, animal-hair-allergy) can be ... Cross-reactions with food were not apparent up to now for this group.. ...
Red Cross Tents At Yunnan Earthquake Site, Netizen Reactions - chinaSMACK
Red Cross Tents At Yunnan Earthquake Site, Netizen Reactions. by Peter Barefoot Friday, September 14, 2012, 5:45 pm. 108 ... Those are not the Red Cross Societys tents. The Red Cross takes the money from donors, takes a percentage, and simply does ... What do you think? Of the Red Crosss work in this disaster? Of the netizen publics cynicism towards the Red Cross? ... The Red Cross Society cannot be forgiven, dont think you can put up a few tents and say youre doing good deeds. The money was ...
Doctors' emotional reactions to recent death of a patient: cross sectional study of hospital doctors | The BMJ
Doctors emotional reactions to recent death of a patient: cross sectional study of hospital doctors BMJ 2003; 327 :185 doi: ... Doctors emotional reactions to recent death of a patient: cross sectional study of hospital doctors. BMJ 2003; 327 doi: https ... Doctors emotional reactions to recent death of a patient: cross sectional study of hospital doctors ... Doctors emotional reactions to recent death of a patient: cross sectional study of hospital doctors ...
Cross-dehydrogenative coupling and oxidative-amination reactions of ethers and alcohols with aromatics and heteroaromatics -...
Cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) is a process in which, typically, a C-C bond is formed at the expense of two C-H bonds, ... Cross-dehydrogenative coupling and oxidative-amination reactions of ethers and alcohols with aromatics and heteroaromatics ... Cross-dehydrogenative coupling and oxidative-amination reactions of ethers and alcohols with aromatics and heteroaromatics M. K ... Cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) is a process in which, typically, a C-C bond is formed at the expense of two C-H bonds, ...
Cross-reaction of antigen preparations from adult and larval stages of the parasite Setaria equina with sera from infected...
2011). Cross-reaction of antigen preparations from adult and larval stages of the parasite Setaria equina with sera from ... Cross-reaction of antigen preparations from adult and larval stages of the parasite Setaria equina with sera from infected ... Cross-reaction was found between 5. equina antigens and antibodies in the sera of Wuchereria bancrofti-infected patients, with ... Crude antigenic preparations from Setaria equina were used in ELISA and Western blotting to examine cross-reaction with human ...
Cross Eyed - Reaction GIFs
... cross eyed, dat ass, mind blown, oh my god, OMG, OMGWTF, too much ... 2022 Reaction GIFs. All Rights Reserved. , Make a Funny Face , ... Tags: bewildered, booty had me like, bug eyed, bust, cross eyed, dat ass, mind blown, oh my god, OMG, OMGWTF, too much ... Tags: bewildered, booty had me like, bug eyed, bust, cross eyed, dat ass, mind blown, oh my god, OMG, OMGWTF, too much ...
C(sp2)-C(sp3) Cross-Coupling Reactions for Drug Discovery | TCI AMERICA
Nickel Catalysts [Cross-coupling Reaction using Transition Metal Catalysts]. *Copper Catalysts [Cross-coupling Reaction using ... cross-coupling reactions). Recently, a variety of C(sp2)-C(sp3) cross-coupling reactions utilizing the combination of visible ... Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling. Decarboxylative cross-couplings is a reaction to connect aryl halides and alkyl carboxylic ... Reductive Cross-Electrophile Coupling (CEC). Reductive cross-electrophile couplings are nickel-catalyzed reactions between aryl ...
Synthesis of Allenes via Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reaction of Propargylic Bromides with Grignard Reagents
Calculation of photo-nuclear reaction cross sections for 16O | EPJ Web of Conferences
Reaction cross section calculation of some alkaline earth elements EPJ Web of Conferences 154, 01020 (2017). ... n,p), (n,2n), (n,d), and (n,α) cross-section calculations of 16O with 0-40 MeV energy neutrons EPJ Web of Conferences 100, ... Calculation of pre-equilibrium effects in neutron-induced cross section on 32,34S isotopes using the EMPIRE 3.2 code EPJ Web of ... S.G. Mashnik, et al., Monte-Carlo Code System to Calculate Nuclear Reactions in the Framework of the Improved Cascade-Exciton ...
Thule Chariot Infant Sling - Lite/Cross - Chain Reaction Bicycles- Redwood City, CA
WHO EMRO | Cross-reaction of antigen preparations from adult and larval stages of the parasite Setaria equina with sera from...
Cross-reaction was found between S. equina antigens and antibodies in the sera of Wuchereria bancrofti-infected patients, with ... antigens from the adult and microfilaraemic stages showed the highest degree of cross-reaction with human sera. ... Crude antigenic preparations from Setaria equina were used in ELISA and Western blotting to examine cross-reaction with human ... Cross-reaction has previously reported been between the antigens of S. equina, S. cervi and S. digitata adult worms and sera ...
GAMMA-RAY PRODUCTION CROSS SECTIONS FOR ALPHA-PARTICLE INDUCED REACTIONS ON 19F AND 23Na
Ab initio three-dimensional atom-diatom reaction cross sections using hyperspherical coordinates and variational surface...
Cuccaro, Steven Andrew (1991) Ab initio three-dimensional atom-diatom reaction cross sections using hyperspherical coordinates ... Ab initio three-dimensional atom-diatom reaction cross sections using hyperspherical coordinates and variational surface ... and used to calculate scattering matrices and partial wave cross sections for this reaction up to a total energy of 1.6 eV. The ... the development of a symmetrized hyperspherical coordinate technique for the calculation of accurated differential cross ...
Metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with dithiolanes and dithianes
Metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have emerged as one of the preferred methods of producing new carbon-carbon bonds, and ... This thesis was aimed at expanding the current research in the area of metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions to include new ... This thesis describes the investigation into the use of dithiolanes and dithianes in metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, ... Creating new carbon-carbon bonds is one of the most important and challenging reactions in organic synthesis. ...
Predicting enantiomeric excess in a cross-coupling reaction with machine learning
This work proposes a workflow designed for the prediction of the enantiomeric excess of Negishi cross-coupling reactions, which ... The ASO is further analyzed in the work and the utilization of concatenated ASOs for reaction mixtures is discussed. ... The design of stereoselective reactions has traditionally been driven by trial and error synthesis. The empirical nature of ... are evaluated and used for speculative predictions of the enantiomeric excess of novel reactions. Finally the limitations of ...
Activation cross sections of alpha-induced reactions on natural ytterbium up to 50 MeV : HUSCAP
Activation cross sections of alpha-induced reactions on natural ytterbium up to 50 MeV. This item is licensed under:Creative ... Activation cross sections of α-particle induced reactions on natYb were measured. The stacked foil technique, the activation ... Activation cross sections of alpha-induced reactions on natural ytterbium up to 50 MeV. ... For most of the reactions a consistent agreement was found.. Rights: ©2019. This manuscript version is made available under the ...
Next-generation cross-coupling reactions - Chemical Engineering | Page 1
Cidnp study on porphyrin-photosensitized reactions with phenol and quinone. Dimerization of 4-methoxyphenol and cross coupling...
Cidnp study on porphyrin-photosensitized reactions with phenol and quinone. Dimerization of 4-methoxyphenol and cross coupling ... Cidnp study on porphyrin-photosensitized reactions with phenol and quinone. Dimerization of 4-methoxyphenol and cross coupling ... Cidnp study on porphyrin-photosensitized reactions with phenol and quinone. Dimerization of 4-methoxyphenol and cross coupling ... title = "Cidnp study on porphyrin-photosensitized reactions with phenol and quinone. Dimerization of 4-methoxyphenol and cross ...
Cross-Coupling Reactions, Continued - Gelest
A combination of a Heck reaction followed by a silicon-based cross-coupling reaction can be used to stereoselectively prepare ( ... The key to the success of these cross-coupling reactions is the use of (t-Bu3P)2Pd (0) catalyst of choice. No other special ... An excellent discussion of the history of the silicon-based cross-coupling reactions and the mechanism has been published.87 ln ... Based on a thorough study of the mechanism of the silicon-based cross-coupling reaction it was discovered that phosphine oxides ...
Reaction of cysteine residues with oxidized tyrosine residues mediates cross-linking of photo-oxidized casein proteins - Result
Reaction of cysteine residues with oxidized tyrosine residues mediates cross-linking of photo-oxidized casein proteins. ... The cross-link site and the residues involved have been confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) proteomic ... However, this is only one of a large number of possible cross-links that might be formed. In this study, we have investigated ... A major consequence of such light exposure is protein cross-linking and aggregation. Although caseins are key milk components, ...
Cross Coupling Reactions A Practical Guide 2002
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cross-eyed Reaction GIFs
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Cross-coupling reactions of organotrifluoroborates - Organic Reactions Wiki
Cross-coupling reactions of trifluoroborate salts are palladium-catalyzed reactions that result in the coupling of an ... Cross-coupling reactions of organotrifluoroborates. Brought to you by the Organic Reactions Wiki, the online collection of ... Conditions have been developed for cross-coupling of secondary alkyl TFBs (Eq. 9),[14] but like many cross-coupling reactions ... Optimized reaction conditions for any cross-coupling reaction, including those of trifluoroborates, depend profoundly on the ...
Evaluation of antibody and antigen cross-reaction in Kenyan dairy cattle naturally infected with two pestiviruses: Bovine viral...
Muasya D, Vanleeuwen J, Gitau G, McKenna S, Heider L, Muraya J. "Evaluation of antibody and antigen cross-reaction in Kenyan ... Evaluation of antibody and antigen cross-reaction in Kenyan dairy cattle naturally infected with two pestiviruses: Bovine viral ... Evaluation of antibody and antigen cross-reaction in Kenyan dairy cattle naturally infected with two pestiviruses: Bovine viral ...
Recommendations for Diagnosis of Shiga Toxin--Producing Escherichia coli Infections by Clinical Laboratories
Recent advances in the study of Brucella antigens and their serological cross-reactions. Vet Bull 1985;55:927--42. ... Perelle S, Dilasser F, Grout J, Fach P. Detection of Escherichia coli serogroup O103 by real-time polymerase chain reaction. J ... Shiga toxin genes not detected by polymerase chain reaction, suggesting that a Shiga toxin--producing Escherichia coli, such as ... Genes for Shiga toxin 1, Shiga toxin 2, or both were detected by polymerase chain reaction, indicating the likely presence of a ...
Ebook Metal Catalyzed Cross Coupling Reactions 2 Volume Set 2004
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Allergic reactionPolymeraseAntigenSynthesisSerologicalHalidesProton-induced reactionsMetal-catalyzed cross-couplingParticlesCharged-particleMoleculesCatalyticCalculationsAllergensExcitation functionReagentsMoleculeFusion reactionsSectionalNeutronElectron transferNuclear ReactionsPhysCatalystsElectrophilesEnantioselectiveDifferentialMediatesExperimentalBoronic acids2018ExposureSectionsStyrenesTheoreticalGrignardProtonationBiphenylAryl chloridesCompoundsTypicallyAcuteSensitivityMeasurementStudyBirchSecondaryAllergy itselfHivesOrganicProducesAllergenChemistrySymptomsPesticidesProteinConsistentSuzukiBromidesSeverity
Allergic reaction7
- The most famous example is the birch pollen-nut-stone fruit-syndrome that causes an allergic reaction when consuming an apple in a birch pollen allergy sufferer, because the immune system confuses the protein in apple (Mal d 1) with the protein in birch pollen (Bet v 1). (pollenwarndienst.at)
- Since certain proteins in fruits or vegetables are similar to pollen and latex allergens, allergic individuals can also experience an allergic reaction when they eat these foods. (ecarf.org)
- Arnica may cause an allergic reaction in people who are sensitive to the Asteraceae/Compositae family. (medlineplus.gov)
- If you have a food allergy , your doctor will tell you how to avoid an allergic reaction. (kidshealth.org)
- How Do I Avoid an Allergic Reaction? (kidshealth.org)
- What If I Have an Allergic Reaction? (kidshealth.org)
- That's another class of antimicrobials, so there should not be a cross- allergic reaction to this substance. (cdc.gov)
Polymerase4
- A , Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of Trypanosoma cruzi DNA in cardiac tissue using primers TCZ1 and TCZ2. (ajtmh.org)
- Concentration of Trypanosoma cruzi DNA (in pg) by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from six Macaca fascicularis positive for lymphocytic myocarditis and/or presence of T. cruzi organisms. (ajtmh.org)
- Diagnostic nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT), mostly quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), were quickly developed worldwide, based on protocol provided for World Health Organization 3 . (nature.com)
- With polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests mostly no longer mandatory for cross-border travellers, the community-based response initiative enabled surveillance and monitoring of epidemiological trends to augment virus control measures. (who.int)
Antigen4
- Muasya D, Vanleeuwen J, Gitau G, McKenna S, Heider L, Muraya J. "Evaluation of antibody and antigen cross-reaction in Kenyan dairy cattle naturally infected with two pestiviruses: Bovine viral diarrhea virus and classical swine fever virus. (ac.ke)
- Low level (titers of 10-80) cross-reactions were observed in the HI test, and with one exception, only when BF antigen reacted with antibodies to several of the various alphaviruses. (cdc.gov)
- Atopy, meaning "strange disease," was used by Coca to describe antigen-specific reactions with apparent immunological specificity for which no precipitating antibodies could be identified in plasma. (jci.org)
- Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen. (bvsalud.org)
Synthesis8
- Cross-coupling of propargylic bromide with Grignard reagent enables a convenient method for the synthesis of terminal allenes. (organic-chemistry.org)
- Creating new carbon-carbon bonds is one of the most important and challenging reactions in organic synthesis. (umanitoba.ca)
- The design of stereoselective reactions has traditionally been driven by trial and error synthesis. (univie.ac.at)
- The study of various aryltrialkoxysilanes, principally trimethoxy and triethoxy derivatives, in cross-coupling applications indicates the wide potential for such systems in the synthesis of biaryls and styrene derivatives. (gelest.com)
- Their straightforward synthesis, functional group tolerance, ease of handling, and enhanced stability relative to boronic acids have made TFBs popular nucleophiles for cross-coupling reactions. (organicreactions.org)
- [8] The stereospecificity of the reaction permits the synthesis of conjugated dienes of well-defined stereochemistry, as in Eq. 5. (organicreactions.org)
- A recent sensitivity study demonstrated that the 25Mg(α,n) 28Si is the reaction with the strongest impact on the synthesis of 26Al during explosive Neon and Carbon burning [4]. (unimi.it)
- Cross-linking of IgE bound to mast cells by FcεRI triggers the release of preformed vasoactive mediators, synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes, and the transcription of cytokines. (jci.org)
Serological1
- IMSEAR at SEARO: Serological identification and cross reactions of cow and buffalo milk with other body fluids. (who.int)
Halides6
- 1,2) Moreover, reductive cross-electrophile coupling (CEC) between aryl halides and alkyl halides enabled reproductive introduction of alkyl groups into (hetero)aromatic compounds. (tcichemicals.com)
- Alkyl halides, 3-6) alkylcarboxylic acids, 7-10) and alkyl amines 11,12) can be applied as coupling partners in these reactions. (tcichemicals.com)
- Below are examples of representative C(sp 2 )-C(sp 3 ) cross-coupling reactions using alkyl halides, alkyl carboxylic acids and alkyl amines as coupling partners. (tcichemicals.com)
- Reductive cross-electrophile couplings are nickel-catalyzed reactions between aryl halides and alkyl halides in the presence of reductants. (tcichemicals.com)
- Decarboxylative cross-couplings is a reaction to connect aryl halides and alkyl carboxylic acids. (tcichemicals.com)
- The cross-coupling reaction of R3In with aryl halides and pseudohalides, vinyl triflates, benzyl bromides, and acid chlorides proceeds under palladium catalysis in excellent yields and with high chemoselectivity. (syncatmeth.es)
Proton-induced reactions3
- Production of 139Ce by proton-induced reactions on 141Pr and natLa. (atomki.hu)
- Theoretical calculations of the reaction cross-sections for proton-induced reactions on natural copper using ALICE-IPPE code. (bvsalud.org)
- A theoretical study of the nuclear-reaction cross sections for proton -induced reactions on (63)Cu and (65)Cu was performed in the proton energy range from threshold values up to 50MeV. (bvsalud.org)
Metal-catalyzed cross-coupling8
- Metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have emerged as one of the preferred methods of producing new carbon-carbon bonds, and this work led to the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. (umanitoba.ca)
- This thesis was aimed at expanding the current research in the area of metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions to include new applications with dithiolane and dithiane protecting groups. (umanitoba.ca)
- This thesis describes the investigation into the use of dithiolanes and dithianes in metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, as well as some of the challenges faced in performing this sulfur-based chemistry. (umanitoba.ca)
- real formulae and dependent warnings seek supported assumed, third merchants are been introduced, and orders of major Lectures request been brought throughout the ebook metal catalyzed cross coupling reactions 2 volume. (zvoda.com)
- states' ebook metal catalyzed cross coupling reactions 2 volume set 2004 decades, which want until every process makes chosen s from all history, otherwise than the guide systems that do mode by moving away. (zvoda.com)
- In some books when comments Do made admired into one ebook metal catalyzed cross coupling reactions from another, they find renowned required download in their real experiences. (zvoda.com)
- Less over all authors can enable designed within each ebook metal catalyzed cross coupling reactions. (zvoda.com)
- What is a DFS ebook metal catalyzed cross coupling reactions 2, should I use them? (zvoda.com)
Particles3
- ALICE/ASH - Precompound and Evaporation Model Code System for Calculation of Excitation Functions, Energy and Angular Distributions of Emitted Particles in Nuclear Reactions at Intermediate Energies (2006). (epj-conferences.org)
- 68 This very fast reaction is proposed to go through 'in-situ'-generated palladium particles. (gelest.com)
- Pomerons are photon-like meson particles proposed to explain the much higher than expected cross- section for proton-proton scattering. (e-catworld.com)
Charged-particle4
- Reference cross sections for charged-particle monitor reactions. (atomki.hu)
- IAEA coordinated research project on nuclear data for charged-particle monitor reactions and medical isotope production. (atomki.hu)
- Charged particle cross-section database for medical radioisotope production diagnostic radioisotopes and monitor reactions. (atomki.hu)
- A Multitelescope System for the Measurement of Differential (n,Charged Particle)Reaction Cross-sections[J]. Chinese Physics C, 1994, 18(S1): 13-19. (ihep.ac.cn)
Molecules4
- My research interests focus on the development of new methodologies, metal-catalyzed reactions, with a strong emphasis on copper chemistry, electron transfer based reactions, asymmetric catalysis and fluorinated molecules. (insa-rouen.fr)
- Cross-linking is the attachment of two chains of polymer molecules by bridges composed of molecular, in this case styrene, and primary chemical bonds. (cdc.gov)
- This approach enables the avoidance of cross-reaction with other molecules resembling neopterin. (neopterin.info)
- Due to the body's constant metabolic needs, the absence of enzymes would make life unsustainable, as reactions would occur too slowly without these molecules. (lecturio.com)
Catalytic2
- After a Master degree with honor from the University of Rouen (France), I received my PhD at Rouen University in 2009 under the mentorship of Dr. Vincent Levacher, working on the development of new catalytic enantioselective protonation reactions. (insa-rouen.fr)
- To improve the activity of TiO 2 in heterogeneous catalytic reactions, noble metals are used to accelerate the reactions. (pku.edu.cn)
Calculations2
- In this study, production cross-section calculations of 125Iradionuclide used in medicine produced by 123Sb (α,2n)125I, 124Te(d,n)125I, and 127 I(γ,2n)125I reactions have been investigated in the different incident energy range up to 40 MeV. (sdu.edu.tr)
- The reaction cross-section calculations were performed using the ALICE-IPPE code, which depends on the pre-equilibrium compound nucleus model. (bvsalud.org)
Allergens3
- Cross-reaction due to similar allergens are a possible source of risk for pollen allergy sufferers. (pollenwarndienst.at)
- Allergies are abnormal immune system reactions to things - known as allergens -that are typically harmless to most people. (kidshealth.org)
- In addition to triggering immediate-hypersensitivity reactions and late-phase responses, there is accumulating evidence that preformed IgE can augment humoral and cellular immune responses to allergens. (jci.org)
Excitation function2
- The excitation function curves for the proton reactions with natural copper targets have been constructed from those for enriched targets using the natural abundance of the copper isotopes . (bvsalud.org)
- Nuclear data for production of the therapeutic radionuclides 32P, 64Cu, 67Cu, 89Sr, 90Y and 153Sm via the (n,p) reaction: Evaluation of excitation function and its validation via integral cross-section measurement using a 14 MeV d(Be) neutron source. (atomki.hu)
Reagents1
- ln addition to the standard trimethoxysilyl or triethoxysilyl reagents, the silatranes are also viable reagents for cross-coupling reactions ( Eq. 70 ). (gelest.com)
Molecule2
- This thesis discusses the development of a symmetrized hyperspherical coordinate technique for the calculation of accurated differential cross sections in the reactive collision of an atom with a diatomic molecule in three-dimensional space. (caltech.edu)
- Search chemical reactions in Rhea for this molecule. (rhea-db.org)
Fusion reactions1
- The phenomena of LENR, particularly the evidence for fusion reactions at much lower temperatures, but much higher densities, than that seen normally in plasmas, can possibly be explained by a long-observed long-range "branch" of the Strong Interaction seen in particle experiments, called a "Pomeron. (e-catworld.com)
Sectional4
- Cross sectional study using quantitative and qualitative data. (bmj.com)
- Linear regression and generalized linear mixed models were used to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between examination date (days) after the MDH and neurobehavioral outcomes, adjusting for demographic, anthropometric, and socio-economic variables. (cdc.gov)
- Methods: A cross-sectional study recruiting 2552 students from all faculties hosted by Kafr El-Sheikh University during the academic year 2018-2019. (who.int)
- In mid-May 2003, ≈4 months after the initial SARS outbreak in Guangzhou, a cross-sectional survey was carried out on healthcare workers who worked with SARS patients in the First, Second ,and Third Affiliated Hospitals of the Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou. (cdc.gov)
Neutron2
- Al-27 produced from neutron irradiation of Si generates Al-26 via the Al-27(n,2n) reaction. (oecd-nea.org)
- These include (1) Measurement of Na24 activity with high-purity Si samples and intense neutron sources, and (2) Measurement of total production in Si and then subtracting the well known (n,p) cross sections to obtain the (n,n'p) values. (oecd-nea.org)
Electron transfer1
- The unique role of phenol in the photo-induced electron transfer reaction of TPP and Q in a non-polar solvent was discussed in terms of its dual function as both the proton and electron donor. (elsevier.com)
Nuclear Reactions2
- Monte-Carlo Code System to Calculate Nuclear Reactions in the Framework of the Improved Cascade-Exciton Model , LA-UR-05-7321 (2005). (epj-conferences.org)
- 26Al is thought to be mainly produced in massive stars, but in order to have a quantita- tive understanding of the 26Al distribution, the cross section of all the nuclear reactions involved in its production should be accurately known. (unimi.it)
Phys1
- TiO 2 -Supported Single-Atom Catalysts for Photocatalytic Reactions[J].Acta Phys. (pku.edu.cn)
Catalysts2
- Recently, a variety of C(sp 2 )-C(sp 3 ) cross-coupling reactions utilizing the combination of visible light photoredox catalysts and transition metal catalysts like nickel catalysts have been reported. (tcichemicals.com)
- reactions promoted by Iridium photoredox catalysts and reactions using metals as reductants. (tcichemicals.com)
Electrophiles3
- Reactions are also typically stereospecific with respect to stereodefined alkenyl electrophiles. (organicreactions.org)
- Atom-efficient metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of indium organometallics with organic electrophiles. (syncatmeth.es)
- The feasibility of using R3In in reactions with different electrophiles, along with the high yields and chemoselectivities obtained, reveals indium organometallics to be useful alternatives to other organometallics in cross-coupling reactions. (syncatmeth.es)
Enantioselective1
- This work proposes a workflow designed for the prediction of the enantiomeric excess of Negishi cross-coupling reactions, which are important C-C bond forming reactions with enantioselective potential. (univie.ac.at)
Differential1
- Abarbanel, H & Callan, CG 1965, ' Re-examination of an SU 3 prediction for reactions: comparison with differential cross section data ', Physics Letters , vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 191-194. (princeton.edu)
Mediates1
- Instead, fluoride anion present in the reaction mixture mediates the reduction of palladium(II) to palladium(0) via the mechanism shown in Eq. 3. (organicreactions.org)
Experimental4
- The calculated results have been compared with the experimental results taken fromthe Experimental Nuclear Reaction Data Library (EXFOR). (sdu.edu.tr)
- EMPIRE 3.1 Exciton and Generalized Superfluid models are recommended, if experimental production cross-section of 125Iradionuclide data are not available to produce because of the experimental difficulties.Key words:125I, Cross-section, TALYS 1.6, EMPIRE 3.1Tıbbi125I Radyonüklidininα, d ve γ Girişli Reaksiyonlar Kullanılarak Üretim Tesir Kesitlerinin HesaplanmasıÖzet: Özellikle 125I olmak üzere, iyot radyoizotopları tıpta kullanılan en önemli izotoplardır. (sdu.edu.tr)
- In order to improve the experimental knowledge of the 25Mg(α,n) 28Si cross section, a new direct measurement has been performed at Legnaro National Laboratories. (unimi.it)
- Some statistical parameters were introduced to control the quality of the fitting between both the experimental and the theoretical calculated cross-section values. (bvsalud.org)
Boronic acids1
- In the presence of a protic solvent and a base, TFBs are slowly hydrolyzed, forming boronic acids active in cross-coupling. (organicreactions.org)
20181
- Completed (as of SG-C review of May 2018) - Development in state-of-the-art nuclear reaction codes such as TALYS and EMPIRE allowed to fulfil this request. (oecd-nea.org)
Exposure2
- A major consequence of such light exposure is protein cross-linking and aggregation. (ku.dk)
- To optimize the system, duration of exposure, reaction temperature, co-monomer concentrations, initiator and cross linker compositions were varied. (metu.edu.tr)
Sections4
- The methods are applied to the H + H2 system (using the LSTH potential energy surface) and used to calculate scattering matrices and partial wave cross sections for this reaction up to a total energy of 1.6 eV. (caltech.edu)
- Activation cross sections of α-particle induced reactions on natYb were measured. (hokudai.ac.jp)
- New cross sections for the 27Al(p,x)7Be nuclear process: Monitoring proton beam energy via the 22Na/7Be cross-section ratio between 45 and 200 MeV. (atomki.hu)
- FDA evaluated case reports in AERS and determined that the current labeling, which addresses herpes virus infections in the Warnings and Precautions and Adverse Reactions sections of the labeling, is adequate. (medscape.com)
Styrenes1
- An efficient CuCl/bpy-mediated atom transfer radical addition reaction of styrenes with CF 3 CHCl 2 and CF 3 CCl 3 is developed. (sioc-journal.cn)
Theoretical1
- Although no documented evidence exists that intravenous corticosteroids are beneficial for the management of acute anaphylactic transfusion reactions, theoretical considerations cause most clinicians to include an infusion of hydrocortisone or prednisolone if the patient does not have an immediate response to epinephrine. (medscape.com)
Grignard3
- The reaction of propargylic bromide with 1.2 equivalents of Grignard reagent catalyzed by a complex of Ni(acac) 2 and Ph 3 P in THF produces terminal allenes in good yields and high regioselectivities at room temperature. (organic-chemistry.org)
- The requisite aryl- or vinylsilane is oftentimes prepared by the reaction of a Grignard or organolithium reagent on the chloro- or alkoxysilane. (gelest.com)
- The insertion of an ethoxydimethylsilyl group into an aryl iodide or bromide followed by hydrolysis of the ethoxy group to the silanol provides a direct route to aryldimethylsilanols without the need for and drawbacks of, a Grignard, or organolithium reaction to prepare the aryl silane ( Eq. 86 ). (gelest.com)
Protonation1
- Competitive side-reactions could proceed such as β-hydride elimination, demetallative protonation and so on. (tcichemicals.com)
Biphenyl1
- The synthetic utility of the oxasiloles was demonstrated by a Tamao oxidation to the o -substituted phenols, and in the Hiyama cross-coupling for the formation of the o -functional biphenyl ( Eq. 84 ). (gelest.com)
Aryl chlorides1
- The ligand, 1 , was found to bring about the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryltrimethoxysilanes with aryl chlorides in good yields ( Eq. 82 ). (gelest.com)
Compounds7
- Cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) is a process in which, typically, a C-C bond is formed at the expense of two C-H bonds, either catalyzed by metals or other organic compounds, or via uncatalyzed processes. (rsc.org)
- Facile access to a wide range of compounds can be attained through these processes, rendering such reactions useful for synthetic applications via C sp 3 bond activations. (rsc.org)
- β-Hydrogen elimination and transmetalation from aliphatic compounds are regarded as bottlenecks, in the field of C-C bond formation between aromatic and aliphatic compounds ( C(sp 2 )-C(sp 3 ) cross-coupling reactions ). (tcichemicals.com)
- 9) These reactions allow the N -alkylation of aromatic compounds containing nitrogen as well as the N -monoalkylation of carboxylic amides. (tcichemicals.com)
- A series of various novel 4-arylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde compounds were synthesized in moderate to excellent yields via Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling with different arylboronic pinacol esters/acids. (mdpi.com)
- Triorganoindium compounds (R3In) containing alkyl, vinyl, aryl, and alkynyl groups are efficiently prepared from the corresponding lithium or magnesium organometallics by reaction with indium trichloride. (syncatmeth.es)
- In the cross-coupling reaction the triorganoindium compounds transfer, in a clear example of atom economy, all three of the organic groups attached to the metal, as shown by the necessity of using only 34 mol% of indium. (syncatmeth.es)
Typically2
- These reactions are typically carried out in the presence of a base and are reactions of the in-situ-generated silanolate. (gelest.com)
- The rate of oxidative addition is typically independent of the nucleophile, and cross-couplings with TFBs are no exception. (organicreactions.org)
Acute1
- IgE-induced mast cell degranulation in vivo is often followed by a late-phase reaction (LPR), a second wave of hypersensitivity responses occurring many hours after the acute reaction and dependent upon eosinophils. (jci.org)
Sensitivity2
- Topical corticosteroid sensitivity produces classic allergic contact dermatitis reactions. (dermnetnz.org)
- The intervention, in which clinical decision support rules were updated to display ß-lactam cross-sensitivity allergy alerts only for ß-lactam-allergic patients with documentation of organization-defined high-severity reactions of anaphylaxis, hives, and shortness of breath, was implemented August 20, 2019. (bvsalud.org)
Measurement1
- Ternary Fission Fragments Correlation Measurement in Reactions of 40 Ar+ 159 Tb, 197 Au, 209 Bi at 25MeV/u[J]. Chinese Physics C, 1994, 18(S1): 20-27. (ihep.ac.cn)
Study8
- Cidnp study on porphyrin-photosensitized reactions with phenol and quinone. (elsevier.com)
- Dive into the research topics of 'Cidnp study on porphyrin-photosensitized reactions with phenol and quinone. (elsevier.com)
- In this study, we have investigated the potential involvement of secondary reactions between oxidized protein side-chains and the thiol group of cysteine (Cys) residues in casein cross-linking. (ku.dk)
- cross coupling reactions a practical guide 2002 scope quotes a first manager location, study, Adoption, and more tool, R-symmetry increases, release € parking, that your stable and pregnant recruiting represents A possible decline can drivers remember this redeveloped If the loss service reaches allowing to send KW: block deal unlimited stages driven the jackson warranty could get in an application. (cityphone-online.de)
- The study used an 8-week randomised cross-over design. (ucviden.dk)
- Gamma and conversion electron spectroscopic study of the 118Sn(p,n gamma)118Sb reaction. (atomki.hu)
- The excitation functions of quasi-elastic scatterings at backward angles were measured with high precision to study the mechanisms of heavy-ion reactions at near- and sub-barrier energies. (epj.org)
- METHODS: A retrospective pre-post ß-lactam cross-allergy EMR alert suppression quality improvement intervention cohort study of ß-lactam-allergic adult inpatients prescribed antibiotics was conducted. (bvsalud.org)
Birch1
- The birch allergen Bet v 1 often leads to cross-reactions to hazelnuts and other nuts, apples, drupes and other stone fruits, carrots and soya , while people who are allergic to mugwort or ragweed often experience allergic reactions to celery , spices, cucumbers, melons or bananas . (ecarf.org)
Secondary4
- Secondary food allergies usually trigger only mild, local symptoms, but severe allergic reactions are theoretically possible - especially if the allergic individual ingests a large amount of the allergenic food. (ecarf.org)
- Secondary prevention usually takes place when a stressor agent crosses the defense line and starts causing a reaction. (fresh-essay.com)
- Porcine myofibrillar protein (MP) was oxidatively stressed in an iron-H 2 O 2 radical-producing system then subjected to microbial transglutaminase (TGase, E:S=1:20) at 4°C. Changes in the MP secondary structure and cross-linking site on myosin (subfragments S1, S2, rod, light meromyosin, and heavy meromyosin) after TGase treatment were investigated. (uky.edu)
- Li, C & Xiong, YL 2015, ' Disruption of secondary structure by oxidative stress alters the cross-linking pattern of myosin by microbial transglutaminase ', Meat Science , vol. 108, pp. 97-105. (uky.edu)
Allergy itself1
- Parents should talk to their kids often about the allergy itself and the reactions they can have if they consume or come into contact with the allergen. (kidshealth.org)
Hives1
- In allergic reactions, diphenhydramine is usually effective for relieving pruritus that is associated with hives or a rash. (medscape.com)
Organic1
- Cross-coupling reactions of trifluoroborate salts are palladium-catalyzed reactions that result in the coupling of an electrophilic organic halide or pseudohalide and a nucleophilic trifluoroborate. (organicreactions.org)
Produces1
- If 98 cross coupling reactions estate contest produces reduced, how Private people should cancel fixed? (cityphone-online.de)
Allergen2
- With this type of allergy, the reaction is triggered when the allergen comes into direct contact with the intestinal mucosa. (ecarf.org)
- Medical experts currently believe that primary food allergies mostly appear in childhood when the digestive tract comes into contact with the allergen, while cross-reactivity often does not appear until later in life . (ecarf.org)
Chemistry1
- A large variety of hemiaminal ether-forming reactions have recently appeared in the literature and this perspective also includes this complementary chemistry. (rsc.org)
Symptoms3
- in this case, the allergic individual only experiences symptoms from the cross-reaction to the food. (ecarf.org)
- Cross-reactions can also affect the skin with symptoms such as swelling, itching or redness . (ecarf.org)
- In view of the rare but serious risk of a biphasic anaphylactic reaction, in which symptoms resolve but then recur some hours later, patients should be monitored for up to 24 hours after the resolution of symptoms. (medscape.com)
Pesticides1
- Dyes, household cleaners, and pesticides also can cause allergic reactions in some people. (kidshealth.org)
Protein1
- Since house dust mites, like crustaceans, belong to the phylum of arthropods and likewise contain a certain type of protein, some people who are allergic to house dusts mites develop cross-reactivity to lobster, crab and other seafood. (ecarf.org)
Consistent3
- For most of the reactions a consistent agreement was found. (hokudai.ac.jp)
- The uncertainties in the main evaluated files (ENDF/B-VIII.0, JEFF-3.3, TENDL-2015) are all consistent above the threshold reaction and vary within a 15-25% band between 13 MeV and 20 MeV. (oecd-nea.org)
- CONCLUSION: EMR ß-lactam cross-allergy alert optimization consistent with current literature significantly improved the utilization of alternative ß-lactam subclasses, mostly through ß-lactam prescribing as initial therapy in ß-lactam-allergic patients. (bvsalud.org)
Suzuki4
- Trifluoroborates offer several advantages over boronic acid nucleophiles, which have traditionally been employed for the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction. (organicreactions.org)
- The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction involves the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of an electrophilic halide or pseudohalide with a nucleophilic organoboron compound. (organicreactions.org)
- The mechanism of Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling with TFBs likely involves the same general steps as other cross-coupling reactions. (organicreactions.org)
- Pd/BNC catalyst was reused 4 times and applied in two consecutive reactions, Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction followed by hydrogenation of nitro to amino group while Cu/BNC catalyst was examined in Chan-Lam coupling reaction. (ac.rs)
Bromides3
- 62 Diphenyldimethoxysilane provides the phenyl group in the cross-coupling with aryl bromides ( Eq. 63 ). (gelest.com)
- A fluoride-free, aqueous-based cross-coupling of aryl bromides and iodides with arylsilyl esters using an inexpensive Pd catalyst and a surfactant (SDS) provides a practical approach to silicon-based cross-couplings ( Eq. 73 ). (gelest.com)
- The spiroarylphosphite, 2 , with Pd(acac) 2 and TBAF bring about the cross-coupling of phenyltrimethoxysilane with various aryl bromides ( Eq. 75 ). (gelest.com)
Severity2
- The severity of the primary allergy is irrelevant in a cross-reaction. (ecarf.org)
- The route (oral or intravenous) and the dose (25-100 mg) depend on the severity of the reaction and the weight of the patient. (medscape.com)