OrganismsDiseasesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation Science
Cronobacter sakazakiiCronobacterEnterobacteriaceae InfectionsEnterobacteriaceaeInfant FormulaMolecular Sequence Data
Cronobacter sakazakii
A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus CHRONOBACTER, found in the environment and in foods.
Cronobacter
A genus of gram-negative opportunistic foodborne pathogens.
Enterobacteriaceae Infections
Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE.
Enterobacteriaceae
A family of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that do not form endospores. Its organisms are distributed worldwide with some being saprophytes and others being plant and animal parasites. Many species are of considerable economic importance due to their pathogenic effects on agriculture and livestock.
Infant Formula
Liquid formulations for the nutrition of infants that can substitute for BREAST MILK.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Fluorogenic selective and differential medium for isolation of Enterobacter sakazakii. (1/79)

4-Methylumbelliferyl-alpha-D-glucoside, the fluorogenic substrate of alpha-glucosidase, was used as a selective marker to develop a differential medium for Enterobacter sakazakii. This bacterium showed strong fluorogenic characteristics clearly distinguishable from other microorganisms. On the basis of reducing background noise, an optimum basal medium and nitrogen source were selected. Incubation conditions were optimized.  (+info)

Identification and phylogeny of Enterobacter sakazakii relative to Enterobacter and Citrobacter Species. (2/79)

The phylogenetic relationships of Enterobacter sakazakii strains were investigated using 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and hsp60 sequencing. Each analysis distributed E. sakazakii strains among four clusters, indicating substantial taxonomic heterogeneity. The E. sakazakii type strain 16S rDNA sequence was 97.8% similar to that of Citrobacter koseri but 97.0% similar to that of Enterobacter cloacae.  (+info)

16S rRNA gene based analysis of Enterobacter sakazakii strains from different sources and development of a PCR assay for identification. (3/79)

BACKGROUND: E. sakazakii is considered to be an opportunistic pathogen, implicated in food borne diseases causing meningitis or enteritis especially in neonates and infants. Cultural standard identification procedures for E. sakazakii include the observation of yellow pigmentation of colonies and a positive glucosidase activity. Up to now, only one PCR system based on a single available 16S rRNA gene sequence has been published for E. sakazakii identification. However, in our hands a preliminary evaluation of this system to a number of target and non-target strains showed significant specificity problems of this system. In this study full-length 16S rRNA genes of thirteen E. sakazakii strains from food, environment and human origin as well as the type strain ATCC 51329 were sequenced. Based on this sequence data a new specific PCR system for E. sakazakii was developed and evaluated. RESULTS: By phylogenetic analysis of the new full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence data obtained we could show the presence of a second phylogenetic distinct lineage within the E. sakazakii species. The newly developed 16S rRNA gene targeting PCR system allows identification of E. sakazakii strains from both lineages. The assay's ability to correctly identify different E. sakazakii isolates as well as to differentiate E. sakazakii from other closely related Enterobacteriaceae species and other microorganisms was shown on 75 target and non-target strains. CONCLUSION: By this study we are presenting a specific and reliable PCR identification system, which is able to correctly identify E. sakazakii isolates from both phylogenetic distinct lines within the E. sakazakii species. The impact of this second newly described phylogenetic line within the E. sakazakii species in view of clinical and food safety aspects need further investigation.  (+info)

Performance of media for recovering stressed cells of Enterobacter sakazakii as determined using spiral plating and ecometric techniques. (4/79)

A study was done to determine the performance of differential, selective media for supporting resuscitation and colony development by stressed cells of Enterobacter sakazakii. Cells of four strains of E. sakazakii isolated from powdered infant formula were exposed to five stress conditions: heat (55 degrees C for 5 min), freezing (-20 degrees C for 24 h, thawed, frozen again at -20 degrees C for 2 h, thawed), acidic pH (3.54), alkaline pH (11.25), and desiccation in powdered infant formula (water activity, 0.25; 21 degrees C for 31 days). Control and stressed cells were spiral plated on tryptic soy agar supplemented with 0.1% pyruvate (TSAP, a nonselective control medium); Leuschner, Baird, Donald, and Cox (LBDC) agar (a differential, nonselective medium); Oh and Kang agar (OK); fecal coliform agar (FCA); Druggan-Forsythe-Iversen (DFI) medium; violet red bile glucose (VRBG) agar; and Enterobacteriaceae enrichment (EE) agar. With the exception of desiccation-stressed cells, suspensions of stressed cells were also plated on these media and on R&F Enterobacter sakazakii chromogenic plating (RF) medium using the ecometric technique. The order of performance of media for recovering control and heat-, freeze-, acid-, and alkaline-stressed cells by spiral plating was TSAP > LBDC > FCA > OK, VRBG > DFI > EE; the general order for recovering desiccated cells was TSAP, LBDC, FCA, OK > DFI, VRBG, EE. Using the ecometric technique, the general order of growth indices of stressed cells was TSAP, LBDC > FCA > RF, VRBG, OK > DFI, EE. The results indicate that differential, selective media vary greatly in their abilities to support resuscitation and colony formation by stressed cells of E. sakazakii. The orders of performance of media for recovering stressed cells were similar using spiral plating and ecometric techniques, but results from spiral plating should be considered more conclusive.  (+info)

Comparison of two chromogenic media and evaluation of two molecular based identification systems for Enterobacter sakazakii detection. (5/79)

BACKGROUND: Enterobacter sakazakii is a foodborne pathogen that has been associated with sporadic cases and outbreaks causing meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis especially in neonates. The current FDA detection method includes two enrichment steps, the subculturing of the second enrichment broth on a selective agar (VRBG), a further subculturing of selected grown colonies on TSA and the subsequent biochemical identification of yellow-pigmented colonies by API20E. However, there is a strong need for simplified methods for isolation and identification of E. sakazakii. In this study, two chromogenic media, which allow to indicate presumptive E. sakazakii colonies by the alpha glucosidase activity, as well as a newly developed 1,6-alpha-glucosidase based conventional PCR assay and a rRNA oligonucleotide probe based commercial test system for identification of presumptive E. sakazakii were evaluated on 98 target and non-target strains. The methods were compared with respect to specificity aspects. RESULTS: A total of 75 presumptive E. sakazakii and 23 non-target strains were analysed by using chromogenic media, alpha-glucosidase based PCR assay, and the VIT assay. For most presumptive E. sakazakii strains on the chromogenic media, the PCR and VIT assay confirmed the identification. However, for a number of presumptive E. sakazakii isolates from fruit powder, the alpha-glucosidase PCR and VIT assay did not correspond to the typical E. sakazakii colonies on DFI and ESIA. Further characterization by API32E identification, phylogenetic analysis of partial 16S rRNA sequences and ribotyping strongly suggested, that these strains did not belong to the species E. sakazakii. The newly developed alpha-glucosidase based PCR assay as well as the commercially available VIT Enterobacter sakazakii identification test showed an excellent correlation with the 16S rRNA data, and are thus well suited for identification of E. sakazakii. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that presumptive colonies on ESIA and DFI media need further species identification. Both evaluated molecular methods, the alpha-glucosidase PCR and the 16S RNA in situ hybridisation test (VIT), although based on completely different target regions and methodologies performed equally well in terms of specificity.  (+info)

Enterobacter sakazakii: an emerging pathogen in powdered infant formula. (6/79)

Enterobacter sakazakii represents a significant risk to the health of neonates. This bacterium is an emerging opportunistic pathogen that is associated with rare but life-threatening cases of meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and sepsis in premature and full-term infants. Infants aged <28 days are considered to be most at risk. Feeding with powdered infant formula (PIF) has been epidemiologically implicated in several clinical cases. Infants should be exclusively breast-fed for the first 6 months of life, and those who are not should be provided with a suitable breast-milk substitute. PIF is not a sterile product; to reduce the risk of infection, the reconstitution of powdered formula should be undertaken by caregivers using good hygienic measures and in accordance with the product manufacturer's food safety guidelines.  (+info)

Casein-derived antimicrobial peptides generated by Lactobacillus acidophilus DPC6026. (7/79)

Three peptides produced by a Lactobacillus acidophilus DPC6026 fermentation of sodium caseinate and showing antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains Enterobacter sakazakii ATCC 12868 and Escherichia coli DPC5063 were characterized. These peptides were all generated from bovine alpha(s1)-casein and identified as IKHQGLPQE, VLNENLLR, and SDIPNPIGSENSEK. These peptides may have bioprotective applicability and potential use in milk-based formula, which has been linked to E. sakazakii infection in neonates.  (+info)

Identification of Enterobacter sakazakii from closely related species: the use of artificial neural networks in the analysis of biochemical and 16S rDNA data. (8/79)

BACKGROUND: Enterobacter sakazakii is an emergent pathogen associated with ingestion of infant formula and accurate identification is important in both industrial and clinical settings. Bacterial species can be difficult to accurately characterise from complex biochemical datasets and computer algorithms can potentially simplify the process. RESULTS: Artificial Neural Networks were applied to biochemical and 16S rDNA data derived from 282 strains of Enterobacteriaceae, including 189 E. sakazakii isolates, in order to identify key characteristics which could improve the identification of E. sakazakii. The models developed resulted in a predictive performance for blind (validation) data of 99.3 % correct discrimination between E. sakazakii and closely related species for both phenotypic and genotypic data. Three main regions of the partial rDNA sequence were found to be key in discriminating the species. Comparison between E. sakazakii and other strains also constitutively positive for expression of the enzyme alpha-glucosidase resulted in a predictive performance of 98.7 % for 16S rDNA sequence data and 100% for phenotypic data. CONCLUSION: The computationally based methods developed here show a remarkable ability in reducing data dimensionality and complexity, in order to eliminate noise from the system in order to facilitate the speed and reliability of a potential strain identification system. Furthermore, the approaches described are also able to provide valuable information regarding the population structure and distribution of individual species thus providing the foundations for novel assays and diagnostic tests for rapid identification of pathogens.  (+info)

Frontiers | Prevalence, Molecular Characterization, and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Cronobacter sakazakii Isolates from...Frontiers | Prevalence, Molecular Characterization, and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Cronobacter sakazakii Isolates from...
Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes severe infections in neonates and infants through contaminated powdered infant formula (PIF). Therefore, the aim of this study was a large-scale study on determine the prevalence, molecular characterization and antibiotic susceptibility of C. sakazakii isolates from PIF purchased from Chinese retail markets. Two thousand and twenty PIF samples were collected from different institutions. Fifty-six C. sakazakii strains were isolated, and identified using fusA sequencing analysis, giving a contamination rate of 2.8%. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was more discriminatory than other genotyping methods. The C. sakazakii isolates were divided into 14 sequence types (STs) by MLST, compared with only seven clusters by ompA and rpoB sequence analysis, and four C. sakazakii serotypes by PCR-based O-antigen serotyping. C. sakazakii ST4 (19/56, 33.9%), ST1 (12/56, 21.4%), and ST64 (11/56, 16.1%) were the dominant sequence types isolated. C. sakazakii
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02026/full
Ingested Salmonella enterica, Cronobacter sakazakii, Escherichia coli O157:H7 , and Listeria monocytogenes : transmission...Ingested Salmonella enterica, Cronobacter sakazakii, Escherichia coli O157:H7 , and Listeria monocytogenes : transmission...
The mechanical transmission of pathogenic bacteria by synanthropic filth flies is widely recognized. While many studies report the fate and the temporospatial distribution of ingested foodborne bacteria by filth flies, there is little evidence about the transmission dynamics of ingested foodborne bacteria by adult house flies (Musca domestica) to their progeny. In this study, we fed parental house fly adults with food contaminated with low, medium, and high concentrations of Salmonella enterica, Cronobacter sakazakii, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes and evaluated the probability of transmission of these pathogens to house fly eggs and the surface and the alimentary canal of their first filial (F1) generation adults. All foodborne pathogens were present in samples containing pooled house fly eggs. The probability of transmission was higher after parental house flies ingested food containing medium bacterial loads. Cronobacter sakazakii was 16, 6, and 3 times more likely to be
https://bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12866-015-0478-5/email/correspondent/c1/new
Notes from the Field: Cronobacter sakazakii Infection Associated with Feeding Extrinsically Contaminated Expressed Human Milk...Notes from the Field: Cronobacter sakazakii Infection Associated with Feeding Extrinsically Contaminated Expressed Human Milk...
CDC reports on a case of cronobacter sakazakii infection caused by consumption of extrinsically contaminated expressed human milk.
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6628a5.htm?s_cid=mm6628a5_w
Genetic diversity of Cronobacter sakazakii isolates collected from a Swiss infant formula production facility - Zurich Open...Genetic diversity of Cronobacter sakazakii isolates collected from a Swiss infant formula production facility - Zurich Open...
Müller, A; Stephan, R; Fricker-Feer, C; Lehner, A (2013). Genetic diversity of Cronobacter sakazakii isolates collected from a Swiss infant formula production facility. Journal of Food Protection, 76(5):883-887. ...
http://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/87552/
Cronobacter sakazakii | Mechanisms of PathogenicityCronobacter sakazakii | Mechanisms of Pathogenicity
By Kathryn Landry, Natalia Lorenc and Fiona Chan Pak Choon Introduction Cronobacter sakazakii is a rod-shaped Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen most commonly infecting infants and people with weakened immune systems. It was first isolated in 1980 by JJ Farmer III, who named the species Enterobacter sakazakii. In 2007, it was reclassified as C. sakazakii. This food-borne…
https://mechpath.com/2019/12/03/cronobacter-sakazakii/
Supersize me: Cronobacter sakazakii phage GAP32 (Journal Article) | SciTech ConnectSupersize me: Cronobacter sakazakii phage GAP32 (Journal Article) | SciTech Connect
Cronobacter sakazakii is a Gram-negative pathogen found in milk-based formulae that causes infant meningitis. Bacteriophages have been proposed to control bacterial pathogens; however, comprehensive knowledge about a phage is required to ensure its safety before clinical application. We have characterized C. sakazakii phage vB{sub C}saM{sub G}AP32 (GAP32), which possesses the second largest sequenced phage genome (358,663 bp). A total of 571 genes including 545 protein coding sequences and 26 tRNAs were identified, thus more genes than in the smallest bacterium, Mycoplasma genitalium G37. BLASTP and HHpred searches, together with proteomic analyses reveal that only 23.9% of the putative proteins have defined functions. Some of the unique features of this phage include: a chromosome condensation protein, two copies of the large subunit terminase, a predicted signal-arrest-release lysin; and an RpoD-like protein, which is possibly involved in the switch from immediate early to delayed early ...
https://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/22435046-supersize-me-cronobacter-sakazakii-phage-gap32
Fatal Cronobacter sakazakii Sequence Type 494 Meningitis in a Newborn, Brazil - Volume 24, Number 10-October 2018 - Emerging...
We describe a case of infection with Cronobacter sakazakii sequence type 494 causing bacteremia and meningitis in a hospitalized late premature infant in Brazil. We conducted microbiological analyses on samples of powdered infant formula from the same batch as formula ingested by the infant but could not identify the source of contamination.
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/24/10/18-0373_article
Dry Foods for Infants and Young Children | SpringerLinkDry Foods for Infants and Young Children | SpringerLink
Iversen C, Mullane N, McCardell B et al (2008)Cronobacter gen nov, a new genus to accommodate the biogroups of Enterobacter sakazakii, and proposal of Cronobacter sakazakii gen nov, comb nov, Cronobacter malonaticus sp nov, Cronobacter turicensis sp nov, Cronobacter muytjensii sp nov, Cronobacter dublinensis sp nov, Cronobacter genomospecies 1, and of three subspecies, Cronobacter dublinensis subsp dublinensis subsp nov, Cronobacter dublinensis subsp lausannensis subsp nov and Cronobacter dublinensis subsp lactaridi subsp. nov Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1442-1447CrossRefGoogle Scholar ...
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4419-9374-8_25
Investigation of Cronobacter sakazakii (Enterobacter sakazakii) Presence in Cereal Infant Foods | AVESİSInvestigation of Cronobacter sakazakii (Enterobacter sakazakii) Presence in Cereal Infant Foods | AVESİS
C. sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen that may cause serious infections. Infant formulas are frequently reported as the source of infections caused by C. sakazakii. In spite of all of the taken precautions, there are recently published studies related to the isolation of C. sakazakii in formula and small children foods. In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence of C. sakazakii in cereal based infant formulas and complementary foods sold in the markets of Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). We also aimed to determine the infection risk in these products. This research was carried out between May - December 2017 with the cereal-based continuing formulas and small child complementary foods of the brands offered for sale at T. R. N. C. In a total of 265 samples, including 36 varieties of cereal-based infant formula and 17 varieties of cereal-based infants and small children foods were analysed. Analysis of samples were carried out according to; ISO / TS 22964: 2006 method. C. ...
https://avesis.istanbulc.edu.tr/yayin/0b3d0a9c-457c-4000-b5d8-e649b5b550a1/investigation-of-cronobacter-sakazakii-enterobacter-sakazakii-presence-in-cereal-infant-foods
9:25 am
Mead Johnson, the maker of Enfamil Newborn Powder formula, says samples of the product it had tested were negative for a bacterium that killed a 10-day-old Missouri infant earlier this month. As we had reported last week, Wal-Mart Stores Inc., Walgreen Co., Kroger Co. and Safeway Inc. had all pulled a batch of Enfamil Newborn powder formula from their shelves, pending an investigation into the babys death.. The child, Avery Cornett, died on December 18 after being removed from life support. Preliminary tests indicated Avery had been suffering was Cronobacter sakazakii, a rare bacterial infection. His parents had been feeding him Enfamil Newborn powder purchased at a Lebanon, Missouri Wal-Mart.. As we reported last week, illnesses from Cronobacter sakazakii are rare, with only a few cases reported in infants worldwide each year. Its extremely dangerous to babies less than one month old and those born premature. Cronobacter sakazakii can be found in dried milk and powdered formula as well as ...
http://www.newsinferno.com/mead-johnson-reports-no-bacteria-in-enfamil-newborn-powder-formula/
ESA 02371 - Uncharacterized protein - Cronobacter sakazakii (strain ATCC BAA-894) - ESA 02371 gene & proteinESA 02371 - Uncharacterized protein - Cronobacter sakazakii (strain ATCC BAA-894) - ESA 02371 gene & protein
p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.,/p> ,p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.,/p> ,p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).,/p> ,p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x,sup>64,/sup> + x,sup>4,/sup> + x,sup>3,/sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. ,/p> ,p class=publication>Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.,br /> ,strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums,/strong>,br /> ,a href=http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php>Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993),/a>),/p> Checksum:i ...
https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A7MFY3
ESA 03928 - FHA domain-containing protein - Cronobacter sakazakii (strain ATCC BAA-894) - ESA 03928 gene & proteinESA 03928 - FHA domain-containing protein - Cronobacter sakazakii (strain ATCC BAA-894) - ESA 03928 gene & protein
p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.,/p> ,p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.,/p> ,p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).,/p> ,p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x,sup>64,/sup> + x,sup>4,/sup> + x,sup>3,/sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. ,/p> ,p class=publication>Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.,br /> ,strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums,/strong>,br /> ,a href=http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php>Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993),/a>),/p> Checksum:i ...
https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A7MQ23
Enterobacter sakazakii enhances epithelial cell injury by inducing apoptosis in a rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Enterobacter sakazakii enhances epithelial cell injury by inducing apoptosis in a rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis. AU - Hunter, Catherine J.. AU - Singamsetty, Vijay K.. AU - Chokshi, Nikunj K.. AU - Boyle, Patricia. AU - Camerini, Victoria. AU - Grishin, Anatoly V.. AU - Upperman, Jeffrey S.. AU - Ford, Henri R.. AU - Prasadarao, Nemani V.. PY - 2008/8/15. Y1 - 2008/8/15. N2 - Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory intestinal disorder that affects 2%-5% of all premature infants. Enterobacter sakazakii, a common contaminant of milk-based powdered infant formula, has been implicated as a causative agent of sepsis, meningitis, and NEC in newborn infants, with high mortality rates. However, the role played by E. sakazakii in the pathogenesis of NEC is, to date, not known. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that E. sakazakii can induce clinical and histological NEC in newborn rats. E. sakazakii was found to bind to enterocytes in rat pups at the tips of villi ...
https://miami.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/enterobacter-sakazakii-enhances-epithelial-cell-injury-by-inducin
HOGENOM: ENTS8 1 PE3859
ID ENTS8_1_PE3859 STANDARD; PRT; 609 AA. AC ENTS8_1_PE3859; A7MMX9; DT 00-JAN-0000 (Rel. 1, Created) DT 00-JAN-0000 (Rel. 2, Last sequence update) DT 00-JAN-0000 (Rel. 3, Last annotation update) DE SubName: Full=Putative uncharacterized protein; (ENTS8_1.PE3859). GN OrderedLocusNames=ESA_04001; OS CRONOBACTER SAKAZAKII ATCC BAA-894. OC Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacteriales; OC Enterobacteriaceae; Cronobacter. OX NCBI_TaxID=290339; RN [0] RP -.; RG -.; RL -.; CC -!- SEQ. DATA ORIGIN: Translated from the HOGENOM CDS ENTS8_1.PE3859. CC Cronobacter sakazakii ATCC BAA-894 chromosome, complete genome. CC genome. CC -!- ANNOTATIONS ORIGIN:A7MMX9_ENTS8 CC -!- GENE_FAMILY: HOG000258898 [ FAMILY / ALN / TREE ] DR UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot; A7MMX9; -. DR EMBL; CP000783; ABU79187.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR RefSeq; YP_001440023.1; NC_009778.1. DR ProteinModelPortal; A7MMX9; -. DR SMR; A7MMX9; 2-609. DR STRING; A7MMX9; -. DR GeneID; 5549084; -. DR GenomeReviews; CP000783_GR; ESA_04001. DR ...
http://pbil.univ-lyon1.fr/cgi-bin/acnuc-search-id?query=ENTS8_1_PE3859&db=HOGENOM&ident=ACNUC13767
Comparison of DNA amplification methods for simultaneous detection of Salmonella spp. and Cronobacter sakazakii in milkComparison of DNA amplification methods for simultaneous detection of Salmonella spp. and Cronobacter sakazakii in milk
The control and detection of foodborne pathogens is a major problem in public health. Therefore, the development of rapid and economical diagnostic method along the food chain has become a priority. Among the available methodologies, those based on the detection of nucleic acids provide certain advantages such as high sensitivity speed, selectivity, and the ability to simultaneously detect multiple microorganisms. However, the amount of pathogen DNA present in a food is minimal, so these methods must incorporate an amplification stage that achieves the proper amount for their detection. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the common technique, although this method has the requirement of thermocycling. In this master project two enzymatic reactions that enable the amplification of DNA under isothermal conditions have been studied. The work focuses on the comparison of conventional PCR with two isothermal amplification methods ‐recombinase polymerase (RPA) and multiple displacement ...
https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/60645
KEGG PATHWAY: Methane metabolism - Cronobacter sakazakii ATCC BAA-894
Methane is metabolized principally by methanotrophs and methanogens in the global carbon cycle. Methanotrophs consume methane as the only source of carbon, while methanogens produce methane as a metabolic byproduct. Methylotrophs, which are microorganisms that can obtain energy for growth by oxidizing one-carbon compounds, such as methanol and methane, are situated between methanotrophs and methanogens. Methanogens can obtain energy for growth by converting a limited number of substrates to methane under anaerobic conditions. Three types of methanogenic pathways are known: CO2 to methane [MD:M00567], methanol to methane [MD:M00356], and acetate to methane [MD:M00357]. Methanogens use 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate (CoM; coenzyme M) as the terminal methyl carrier in methanogenesis and have four enzymes for CoM biosynthesis [MD:M00358]. Coenzyme B-Coenzyme M heterodisulfide reductase (Hdr), requiring for the final reaction steps of methanogenic pathway, is divided into two types: cytoplasmic HdrABC in ...
http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?esa00680+ESA_03811
Marine Drugs | Free Full-Text | Identification of Three Genes Encoding for the Late Acyltransferases of Lipid A in Cronobacter...Marine Drugs | Free Full-Text | Identification of Three Genes Encoding for the Late Acyltransferases of Lipid A in Cronobacter...
Lipid A, the hydrophobic anchor of lipopolysaccharide, is an essential component in the outer membrane of most Gram-negative bacteria. Food-borne pathogen Cronobacter sakazakii synthesizes two lipid A species, differing by the length of the secondary acyl chain. In this work, we identified three genes ESA02293, ESA02951 and ESA01386 encoding for the late acyltransferases of lipid A biosynthesis pathway in C. sakazakii. Based on the sequence alignment, proteins YP_001438378.1 encoded by ESA02293, YP_001439016.1 encoded by ESA02951, and YP_001437482.1 encoded by ESA01386 are homologous to E. coli LpxL, LpxP and LpxM, respectively. Functions of the three acyltransferases were confirmed by overexpressing the genes in E. coli, isolating lipid As and analyzing their structures using an ESI/MS. C. sakazakii LpxL and LpxM transfer a C14:0 secondary acyl chain to the 2′- and 3′-position of lipid A, respectively. C. sakazakii LpxP can transfer either a C16:1 or a C14:0 secondary acyl chains to the 2′
http://mdpi.com/1660-3397/11/2/377
Biofilm Formation and Low pH Viability of Cronobacter spp. (Enterobacter sakazakii) Isolated from Powdered Infant Formula and...Biofilm Formation and Low pH Viability of Cronobacter spp. (Enterobacter sakazakii) Isolated from Powdered Infant Formula and...
Biofilm Formation and Low pH Viability of Cronobacter spp. (Enterobacter sakazakii) Isolated from Powdered Infant Formula and Infant Foods in Korea - Cronobacter spp.;biofilm;low pH;hemolysis;
http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/ArticleFullRecord.jsp?cn=CSSPBQ_2009_v29n6_702
Adhesive properties of Enterobacter sakazakii to human epithelial and brain microvascular endothelial cells | BMC Microbiology ...Adhesive properties of Enterobacter sakazakii to human epithelial and brain microvascular endothelial cells | BMC Microbiology ...
Enterobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen that has been associated with sporadic cases and outbreaks causing meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis especially in neonates. However, up to now little is known about the mechanisms of pathogenicity in E. sakazakii. A necessary state in the successful colonization, establishment and ultimately production of disease by microbial pathogens is the ability to adhere to host surfaces such as mucous membranes, gastric and intestinal epithelial or endothelial tissue. This study examined for the first time the adherence ability of 50 E. sakazakii strains to the two epithelial cell lines HEp-2 and Caco-2, as well as the brain microvascular endothelial cell line HBMEC. Furthermore, the effects of bacterial culture conditions on the adherence behaviour were investigated. An attempt was made to characterize the factors involved in adherence. Two distinctive adherence patterns, a diffuse adhesion and the formation of localized clusters of bacteria on
https://bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2180-6-58/figures/3
Enterobacter sakazakii bacteria - Stock Image B220/1054 - Science Photo LibraryEnterobacter sakazakii bacteria - Stock Image B220/1054 - Science Photo Library
Enterobacter sakazakii bacteria. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of Enterobacter sakazakii bacteria. These are gram-negative rod- shaped bacteria. Enterobacter sp. live in the intestines of humans and animals, as well as soil, water and food. They are mostly opportunistic pathogens, causing diseases such as meningitis and pneumonia. Magnification: x4000 at 35mm size. - Stock Image B220/1054
http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/11625/view
Umumkan Merek Susu Terkontaminasi Enterobacter sakazakii!!! - Citra Indonesia
Jakarta (Citra Indonesia): Untuk melindungi kesehatan anak- anak, tidak mengkonsumsi susu terkontaminasi Enterobacter sakazakii, pemerintah diminta segera mempublikasikan merek- merek susu tersebut.. Publikasikan. Inikan era transparansi. Ini sangat penting agar anak-anak bangsa kita tidak meminum susu itu. Bagi yang meminum susu itu supaya diperiksa di rumah sakit. Dari pada penyakit mereka makin parah, tegas David ML Tobing, Jumat (4/2/2011 ) di Kantor Komisi Nasional Perlindungan Anak, Jalan TB Simatupang, Jakarta Timur.. Menurutnya, pemerintah dalam hal ini Kementerian Kesehatan RI dan Badan Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) dan Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) wajib mengumumkan merek-merek susu yang telah terkontaminasi Enterobacter Sakazakii hasil penelitian Sri Estuningsih dari IPB.. Itu wajib. Dan pemerintah bertugas melindungi kesehatan masyarakat. Kalau bukan pemerintah, siapa lagi yang melindungi rakyat, pungkasnya.. Sebelumnya David mendaftarkan gugatan Perbuatan Melawan Hukum ...
https://citraindonesia.com/umumkan-merek-susu-terkontaminasi-enterobacter-sakazakii/
Forsythe, S.J., Dickins, B. and Jolley, K.A. (2014) Cronobacter, the Emergent Bacterial Pathogen Enterobacter sakazakii Comes...Forsythe, S.J., Dickins, B. and Jolley, K.A. (2014) Cronobacter, the Emergent Bacterial Pathogen Enterobacter sakazakii Comes...
Forsythe, S.J., Dickins, B. and Jolley, K.A. (2014) Cronobacter, the Emergent Bacterial Pathogen Enterobacter sakazakii Comes of Age; MLST and Whole Genome Sequence Analysis. BMC Genomics, 15, Article No. 1121.
https://scirp.org/reference/referencespapers.aspx?referenceid=2781543
Frontiers | A Negative Regulator of Cellulose Biosynthesis, bcsR, Affects Biofilm Formation, and Adhesion/Invasion Ability of...Frontiers | A Negative Regulator of Cellulose Biosynthesis, bcsR, Affects Biofilm Formation, and Adhesion/Invasion Ability of...
Cronobacter sakazakii is an important foodborne pathogen that causes neonatal meningitis and sepsis, with high mortality in neonates. However, very little information is available regarding the pathogenesis of C. sakazakii at the genetic level. In our previous study, a cellulose biosynthesis-related gene (bcsR) was shown to be involved in C. sakazakii adhesion/invasion into epithelial cells. In this study, the detailed functions of this gene were investigated using a gene knockout technique. A bcsR knockout mutant (ΔbcsR) of C. sakazakii ATCC BAA-894 showed decreased adhesion/invasion (3.9-fold) in human epithelial cell line HCT-8. Biofilm formation by the mutant was reduced to 50% of that exhibited by the wild-type (WT) strain. Raman spectrometry was used to detect variations in biofilm components caused by bcsR knockout, and certain components, including carotenoids, fatty acids and amides, were significantly reduced. However, another biofilm component, cellulose, was increased in ΔbcsR, suggesting
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01839/full
The biochemical differentiation of Enterobacter sakazakii genotypes | Springer for Research & DevelopmentThe biochemical differentiation of Enterobacter sakazakii genotypes | Springer for Research & Development
Background Enterobacter sakazakii is an emergent pathogen that has been associated with neonatal infections through contaminated powdered infant milk formula. The species was defined by Farmer et al....
https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1186/1471-2180-6-94
Enterobacter sakazakii infections among neonates, infants, children, and adults. Case reports and a review of the literature. ...Enterobacter sakazakii infections among neonates, infants, children, and adults. Case reports and a review of the literature. ...
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11307587?dopt=Abstract
Enterobacter sakazakii: a review.
Enterobacter sakazakii, previously referred to as a yellow-pigmented Enterobacter cloacae was designated as a unique species in 1980. This reclassification was based on differences from E. cloacae in DNA relatedness, pigment production and biochemica
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Enterobacter-sakazakii-review/9039558.html
Garlic kills contaminants in baby formula | New Hope NetworkGarlic kills contaminants in baby formula | New Hope Network
Two compounds derived from garlic-diallyl sulfide and ajoene-significantly reduce the contamination risk of Cronobacter sakazakii in infant formula powder.
http://www.newhope.com/node/59408
In-House Validation of Rapid Detection PCRs for Bacterial Pathogens Causing Infant Diarrhea
In Argentina, conventional culture methods for the isolation of diarrheal bacteria continue to be the most widely used form of diagnosis in many clinical laboratories. In this work we validated 11 in-house real-time polymerasechain reactions (PCRs) assays for the specific and rapid detection of Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., enteroinvasive E. coli, enteropathogenic E. coli, enterotoxigenic E. coli, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, E. coli O157, Cronobacter sakazakii, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Vibrio cholera and Clostridium difficile. The sensitivity of the assays was less than 100 CFU/ml for all the studied pathogens; selectivity and specificity were 100% in all cases and robustness was optimal. These PCR methods could be used to accurately detect the main bacterial causes of infant gastroenteritis.. ...
http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/100515
Foods | Free Full-Text | Chemical Compositions of the Volatile Oils and Antibacterial Screening of Solvent Extract from Downy...Foods | Free Full-Text | Chemical Compositions of the Volatile Oils and Antibacterial Screening of Solvent Extract from Downy...
The discovery of a new species exhibiting more effective antibacterial properties is necessary because of the demand on Lavandula species, which continues to increase in a variety of industries. Lavandula pubescens might be a good alternative, as it exhibits strong antibacterial activity. In this study, the chemical composition of the essential oils from different organs (flowers, leaves, stems, and roots) of L. pubescens was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activities of different solvent extracts (methanol, ethanol, diethyl ether, hexane, and ethyl acetate) and different organ (flower, leaf, stem, and root) extracts of L. pubescens were evaluated. Only the ethyl acetate extracts of L. pubescens exhibited antibacterial activity against all bacterial strains tested, including Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Escherichia coli (KF 918342), Aeromonas hydrophila (KCTC 12487), E. coli (ATCC 35150), Cronobacter sakazakii (ATCC 29544), and Aeromonas salmonicida
https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/8/4/132/htm
Epidemiological investigation of a powdered infant formula product batch contaminated with Cronobacter in a Swiss infant...Epidemiological investigation of a powdered infant formula product batch contaminated with Cronobacter in a Swiss infant...
In this study, we report on the epidemiologic investigation in a Swiss powdered infant formula production facility after a batch of Powdered Infant Formula (PIF) was found to be contaminated with Cronobacter (C.) sakazakii during a routine testing of packed products of a Swiss PIF brand ready for distribution. Epidemiological investigation on isolates originating from PIF batches from the production unit by macro restriction typing quickly (PFGE) identified an isolate showing a pattern identical to the ones originating from the packed product, suggesting this strain being the source of contamination. To obtain an overview on the heterogeneity of strains isolated within this production unit 115 C. sakazakii isolates, which were routinely collected between August 2015 and September 2016, were characterized by PFGE and serotyping. In addition, Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) was performed on 11 selected isolates. Macro restriction analysis revealed the presence of two main clusters (C1,C2) ...
http://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/129930/
Chemical structure of the O-polysaccharides isolated from Cronobacter turicensis sequence type 5 strains 57, 564, and 566Chemical structure of the O-polysaccharides isolated from Cronobacter turicensis sequence type 5 strains 57, 564, and 566
Małgorzata Czerwicka , Kinga Marszewska , Stephen J. Forsythe , Anna Bychowska , Alicja Mazgajczyk , Halina Dziadziuszko , Karolina Ossowska , Piotr Stepnowski , Zbigniew Kaczyński ...
https://repozytorium.bg.ug.edu.pl/info/article/UOG2efa0fb810e946b88fcac46f4061217d/?lang=pl&cid=6361
Neonatal enteral feeding tubes as loci for colonisation by members of the Enterobacteriaceae | BMC Infectious Diseases | Full...Neonatal enteral feeding tubes as loci for colonisation by members of the Enterobacteriaceae | BMC Infectious Diseases | Full...
The objective of this study was to determine whether neonatal nasogastric enteral feeding tubes are colonised by the opportunistic pathogen Cronobacter spp. (Enterobacter sakazakii) and other Enterobacteriaceae, and whether their presence was influenced by the feeding regime. One hundred and twenty-nine tubes were collected from two neonatal intensive care units (NICU). A questionnaire on feeding regime was completed with each sample. Enterobacteriaceae present in the tubes were identified using conventional and molecular methods, and their antibiograms determined. The neonates were fed breast milk (16%), fortified breast milk (28%), ready to feed formula (20%), reconstituted powdered infant formula (PIF, 6%), or a mixture of these (21%). Eight percent of tubes were received from neonates who were nil by mouth. Organisms were isolated from 76% of enteral feeding tubes as a biofilm (up to 107 cfu/tube from neonates fed fortified breast milk and reconstituted PIF) and in the residual lumen liquid (up to
https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2334-9-146/figures/1
UniProt/TrEMBL: A0A0K2P7K9 9ENTR
ID A0A0K2P7K9_9ENTR Unreviewed; 206 AA. AC A0A0K2P7K9; DT 11-NOV-2015, integrated into UniProtKB/TrEMBL. DT 11-NOV-2015, sequence version 1. DT 25-OCT-2017, entry version 12. DE RecName: Full=Superoxide dismutase {ECO:0000256,RuleBase:RU000414}; DE EC=1.15.1.1 {ECO:0000256,RuleBase:RU000414}; GN ORFNames=AFK67_00920 {ECO:0000313,EMBL:ALB68754.1}; OS Cronobacter dublinensis subsp. dublinensis LMG 23823. OC Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales; OC Enterobacteriaceae; Cronobacter. OX NCBI_TaxID=1159554 {ECO:0000313,EMBL:ALB68754.1}; RN [1] {ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000055559} RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=LMG 23823 {ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000055559}; RA Noorani M.; RL Submitted (JUL-2015) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [2] {ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000055559} RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=LMG 23823 {ECO:0000313,Proteomes:UP000055559}; RA Descombes P., Baert L., Ngom-Bru C., Barretto C.; RT Cronobacter ...
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?tr:A0A0K2P7K9_9ENTR
HiPP Bio Organic Combiotik Infant Milk Formula Stage 1 (16 x 600g) - Organic Start WholesaleHiPP Bio Organic Combiotik Infant Milk Formula Stage 1 (16 x 600g) - Organic Start Wholesale
HiPP Stage 1 is best from birth onward - a nutritionally complete, whey based, gentle infant milk formula. This gentle organic milk formula is specifically formulated using only the finest organic milk so that babies grow strong and healthy.
https://organicstartwholesale.com/products/16-boxes-of-hipp-germany-stage-1-600g
EFSA Panel advises on how to avoid microbiological risks in infant formulae, at home and in hospital | European Food Safety...EFSA Panel advises on how to avoid microbiological risks in infant formulae, at home and in hospital | European Food Safety...
The European Food Safety Authoritys (EFSA) Scientific Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ Panel) published today an opinion relating to microbiological risks in infant and follow-on formulae. The Panel concluded that Salmonella and Enterobacter sakazakii (E. sakazakii) are the micro-organisms of greatest concern. In order to minimise exposure among high risk infants, experts advised that where breast-milk substitutes are utilised, it is preferable to choose commercial sterile liquid formulae.
http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/press/news/041118
EU Food Law News (04-77)EU Food Law News (04-77)
The European Food Safety Authoritys (EFSA) Scientific Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ Panel) published today an opinion relating to microbiological risks in infant and follow-on formulae. The Panel concluded that Salmonella and Enterobacter sakazakii (E. sakazakii) are the micro-organisms of greatest concern. In order to minimise exposure among high risk infants, experts advised that where breast-milk substitutes are utilised, it is preferable to choose commercial sterile liquid formulae. Infant and follow-on formulae containing low levels of these micro-organisms do not appear to cause illness in healthy infants and young children. Nevertheless due to the potential for multiplication of these micro-organisms during the preparation and holding time prior to consumption of the reconstituted formula, contamination of powdered infant formula is a considerable risk factor. Compliance with high standard processing conditions and appropriate hygienic measures are of highest importance. The BIOHAZ ...
http://www.reading.ac.uk/foodlaw/news/eu-04077.htm
Mead Johnson retests Enfamil batch and affirms no contamination - Drug Store NewsMead Johnson retests Enfamil batch and affirms no contamination - Drug Store News
Drawn from samples parallel to those being tested by public health officials and following the same methodology, the new testing did not detect any presence of Cronobacter (Enterobacter sakazakii), the company stated.. These new results reaffirm the testing conducted before the batch was made available to retailers and consumers. Based on both sets of tests, Mead Johnson can say with confidence that Enfamil Premium Newborn formula, like every infant formula the company produces, is safe, the company said. All Mead Johnson infant formulas undergo more than 2,300 quality tests and checks to ensure that they meet or exceed all standards set by regulatory bodies, including the World Health Organization and the U.S. FDA.. The company undertook the retesting due to confusion in the marketplace - both Supervalu and Walmart removed that product from their shelves following news reports of an infants death. That infant had been fed the Enfamil product, however there has been no connection made ...
https://www.drugstorenews.com/article/mead-johnson-retests-enfamil-batch-and-affirms-no-contamination/
Weiss, C., Becker, B. and Holzapfel, W. (2005) Application and Acceptability of Three Commercial Systems for Detection of...Weiss, C., Becker, B. and Holzapfel, W. (2005) Application and Acceptability of Three Commercial Systems for Detection of...
Weiss, C., Becker, B. and Holzapfel, W. (2005) Application and Acceptability of Three Commercial Systems for Detection of Enterobacter sakazakii in Ready-to-Eat Vegetable Salads. Archiv für Lebensmittelhygiene, 56, 34-38.
https://scirp.org/reference/referencespapers.aspx?referenceid=2781561
HiPP Stage PRE Organic (Bio) Combiotic Infant Milk Formula (600g) - Ge - TASTYGANICS.COMHiPP Stage PRE Organic (Bio) Combiotic Infant Milk Formula (600g) - Ge - TASTYGANICS.COM
Free Shipping 0-6 months of age600g of formula per box Contains Prebiotics and Probiotics Contains Omega 3 (ALA) EU organic certified
https://tastyganics.com/products/copy-of-copy-of-copy-of-hipp-stage-pre-organic-bio-combiotic-infant-milk-formula-600g-german-version-10-boxes
Lebenswert Stage 1 Organic Infant Milk Formula | Huggable
Lebenswert Stage 1 is a trusted organic baby formula made from the highest-quality ingredients without artificial preservatives or chemicals.
https://huggable.com/products/lebenswert-stage-1-organic-infant-milk-formula
HiPP Stage 1 Organic (Bio) Combiotic Infant Milk Formula (600g) - Germ - TASTYGANICS.COMHiPP Stage 1 Organic (Bio) Combiotic Infant Milk Formula (600g) - Germ - TASTYGANICS.COM
Free Shipping From 0-6 months of age 600g of formula per box EU Organic certified Contains Prebiotics and Probiotics Contains Omega-3 ALA and DHA Contains Omega-6
https://tastyganics.com/products/hipp-stage-1-organic-bio-combiotic-infant-milk-formula-600g-german-version-36-box
Hipp Stage 1 UK VERSION Combiotic First Infant Milk Formula - Earth Baby Boutique
Organic skim milk No starch Prebiotics Omega 3 DHA and Omega 6 AA LCPs Essential vitamins and nutrients No soy No synthetic preservatives or nutrients Certified organic to European standards (which are stricter than in the US) Appropriate from birth to 6 months GMO-free Shelf-stable Manufactured in Germany and packaged
https://earthbabyboutique.com/collections/home-page-items/products/hipp-stage-1-uk-version-combiotic-first-infant-milk-formula
Buy SMA HA Hypoallergenic Infant Milk | Chemist DirectBuy SMA HA Hypoallergenic Infant Milk | Chemist Direct
SMA HA Hypoallergenic Infant Milk formula is specifically for babies who are allergic to cow s milk and helps to promote healthy muscle, bone development.
https://www.chemistdirect.co.uk/sma-ha-hypoallergenic-infant-milk/prd-3n29
foodproof Enterobacteriaceae plus Cronobacter Detection Kitfoodproof Enterobacteriaceae plus Cronobacter Detection Kit
Das foodproof Enterobacteriaceae plus Cronobacter Detection Kit ermöglicht den gleichzeitigen Nachweis der Gattung Cronobacter (E. sakazakii) und der Familie der Enterobacteriaceae mittels real-time PCR. Seit 2005 gelten gesetzliche Vorgaben, die die Untersuchung pulverförmiger Säuglingsnahrung auf die pathogene Gattung Cronobacter vorschreiben und ein Screening auf die Familie der Enterobacteriaceae als Hygieneindikator empfehlen. Das foodproof Enterobacteriaceae plus Cronobacter Detection Kit kombiniert diese beiden Parameter und erfüllt damit die gesetzlichen Anforderungen in nur einem Test. Das Kit wurde durch MicroVal zertifiziert.
https://www.bc-diagnostics.com/de/produkte/kits/real-time-pcr/lebensmittelpathogene/foodproof-enterobacteriaceae-plus-cronobacter-detection-kit/
Increasing Female Employed Population to Intensify the Growth of Infant Milk Market in Future, According to Research Nester |...Increasing Female Employed Population to Intensify the Growth of Infant Milk Market in Future, According to Research Nester |...
The global infant milk market is segmented into form such as powders, concentrated liquids and ready to use. Among these segments, ready to use infant milk segment is expected to occupy top position in overall infant milk market during the forecast period. Increasing number of employed woman and rising disposable income are some of the factors which are anticipated to propel the growth of the ready to use infant milk market during the forecast period. Further, high product penetration and wide product portfolio of infant milks in developed markets such as U.S. is expected to increase over the forecast period.. Global infant milk market is expected to flourish at a significant CAGR of 10.3% during the forecast period. Factors such as increasing infant health concerns, growth in number of working mothers and continuous enhancement in infant milk formula is anticipated to drive the market of infant milk during the forecast period. Moreover, the global infant milk market is expected to garner ...
http://www.usfinancialnewstoday.com/story/147866/increasing-female-employed-population-to-intensify-the-growth-of-infant-milk-market-in-future-according-to-research-nester.html
Be safe when preparing infant formula - Victoria Advocate - Victoria, TXBe safe when preparing infant formula - Victoria Advocate - Victoria, TX
Kimberly Pagel. The World Health Organization, or WHO, recommends infants be exclusively breast-fed for the first six months of life; however, most infants in the United States rely on infant formula for some portion of their nutrition. It is estimated 1 million infants in the United States are fed formula from birth, and this amount almost triples for infants who are 3 months old.. Infant formula comes in three common forms: powder, liquid concentrate and ready-to-feed.. Powder formula is the least expensive, must be mixed with water before feeding and is the most widely used variety.. In using powdered infant formula, it is very important to know it is not sterile. This means it may occasionally contain pathogens that can cause serious illnesses. Many studies were conducted by the Food and Drug Administration, and the two most commonly found bacteria in powdered infant formula were Cronobacter, formerly known as Enterobacter sakazakii, and salmonella.. Even though the FDA takes steps to ensure ...
https://www.victoriaadvocate.com/news/2017/nov/27/be-safe-when-preparing-infant-formula/
Loblaw recalls PC baby formula contaminated by Cronobacter bacteria | Windsor StarLoblaw recalls PC baby formula contaminated by Cronobacter bacteria | Windsor Star
OTTAWA — Loblaw Companies Ltd, is recalling its President’s Choice brand Lower Iron milk-based powdered infant formula due to possible contamination by Cronobacter bacteria.
https://windsorstar.com/news/national/loblaw-recalls-contaminated-pc-baby-formula/wcm/97f40637-6aa4-4609-9352-722c703ab0d6
Cronobacter | 3M-USCronobacter | 3M-US
Powdered infant formula is not sterile and its nutrients provide good conditions for the preservation and growth of Cronobacter. The bacterium is especially risky for newborn infants: it can cause dangerous bloodstream infections, meningitis, and death.
https://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/food-safety-us/resources/microorganisms/cronobacter/
RECALL NOTICE: Kirkland Signature brand Non-GMO Infant Formula for Babies Sensitive to Lactose recalled due to Cronobacter spp....RECALL NOTICE: Kirkland Signature brand Non-GMO Infant Formula for Babies Sensitive to Lactose recalled due to Cronobacter spp....
Every Monday, Costco releases dozens of SECRET UNADVERTISED SALE ITEMS. Dont miss out on these weekly deals! Visit this page to get exclusive updates every Monday!!
https://cocowest.ca/2019/10/recall-notice-kirkland-signature-brand-non-gmo-infant-formula-for-babies-sensitive-to-lactose-recalled-due-to-cronobacter-spp/
Infant Milk Exporters, Infant Milk Selling LeadsInfant Milk Exporters, Infant Milk Selling Leads
infant milk Exporters ☆ Search here 278 infant milk selling leads from 278 infant milk exporters at EC21, ☆ Choose Quality infant milk Exporters Now.
https://www.ec21.com/a-offers/infant-milk.html?isGroupList=N
Infant milk formula By Aussie Gold Products Pty Ltd, AustraliaInfant milk formula By Aussie Gold Products Pty Ltd, Australia
We are currently offering locally sourced baby milk formulae(from Australia), packed from powdered form into a 400g/900 gram tin, which is manufactured under the s...
http://www.tradekey.com/product-free/Infant-Milk-Formula-8332847.html
Stabilising effect of α-lactalbumin on concentrated infant milk formula emulsions heat treated pre- or post-homogenisation |...Stabilising effect of α-lactalbumin on concentrated infant milk formula emulsions heat treated pre- or post-homogenisation |...
Protein type and/or heat treatment pre- or post-homogenisation can affect the physical stability of infant formulations during manufacture. Previous research has described the use of α-lactalbumin...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13594-016-0306-1
Loblaw recalls PC baby formula contaminated by Cronobacter bacteria | Windsor StarLoblaw recalls PC baby formula contaminated by Cronobacter bacteria | Windsor Star
OTTAWA - Loblaw Companies Ltd, is recalling its Presidents Choice brand Lower Iron milk-based powdered infant formula due to possible contamination by…
https://windsorstar.com/news/national/loblaw-recalls-contaminated-pc-baby-formula
HiPP Organic 1 From Birth Onwards First Infant Milk 800g (Case of 2) - Organic Health UKHiPP Organic 1 From Birth Onwards First Infant Milk 800g (Case of 2) - Organic Health UK
Hipp Organic First Infant Milk is specially formulated using only the finest organic milk and contains Praebotik oligosaccharides (GOS) and Omega 3 & 6 LCPs (DHA & AA), as well as all the important nutrients, vitamins and minerals that babies require to grow strong and healthy. Hipp Organic First Infant Milk 800g is a nutritionally complete, whey-based, infant milk, which is suitable from birth onwards if baby is not being breastfed, or to complement breastfeeding.. ...
http://ohuk.co.uk/hipp-organic-1-from-birth-onwards-first-infant-milk-800g-case-of-2/
CAZy - Bacteria
Lineage: cellular organisms; Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Cronobacter; Cronobacter ...
http://www.cazy.org/b621.html
Optimization of a pharmacokinetic assay in a bridging assay format using the Gyrolab immunoassay platformOptimization of a pharmacokinetic assay in a bridging assay format using the Gyrolab immunoassay platform
Anti-TNF alpha antibodies were among the first approved antibody drugs and now belongs to the best-selling drugs. Today, several companies are developing biosimilars to those drugs which will increase the access of medications and potentially reduce health care costs. There is a great demand for pharmacokinetic assays for anti-TNF-alpha drugs and the bridging assay format is a potential tool, mostly due to its high serum tolerance. This project at Gyros Protein Technologies AB aimed to investigate the properties of the solid phase on the Gyrolab and to utilize this to optimize the bridging assay to be used as a pharmacokinetic assay for a human antibody in the presence of serum. The solid phase was optimized by incorporating three reagents with increasing molecular weight and examining the column profiles generated. Furthermore, the capture reagent was titrated with b-BSA to avoid cross-binding of both arms of the antibody to the capture reagent. Since the background was relatively high, further ...
http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:1368056
Milupa Aptamil First Infant Milk Baby Food product reviews and price comparisonMilupa Aptamil First Infant Milk Baby Food product reviews and price comparison
Milupa Aptamil First Infant Milk: Over 12 independent user reviews summarized in the dooyoo conclusion ✓ Compare 2 shopping deals starting at 67.08£ (15.01.2018)!
http://www.dooyoo.co.uk/baby-food/milupa-aptamil-first-infant-milk/
NANNYcare First infant milk - 900g | LloydsPharmacyNANNYcare First infant milk - 900g | LloydsPharmacy
Great price on NANNYcare First infant milk - 900g. FREE delivery options available. Trusted service, convenient and safe shopping online
http://www.lloydspharmacy.com/en/nannycare-first-infant-milk-900g
Re: Results sort ofRe: Results sort of
recent run of tests. Blood only. chloride up. cholestrol up. Free T3 up. Vit B12 way down. Vit D. NORMAL. YEAH to that!. the EEG did not show anything, as the two machines flunked out on me. I say its cos I am boobless, doctor laughed said I am prob so radioactive (not funny says me) but no explanation. But the TD echocardiogram from a few months ago, still stands.. moderate membranous subarotic stenosis (guess I is old) and that pesky newly found systolic ejection murmur thingy. hence the TD echo whatzit.. recent run of tests. Blood only. chloride up. cholestrol up. Free T3 up. Vit B12 way down. Vit D. NORMAL. YEAH to that!. the EEG did not show anything, as the two machines flunked out on me. I say its cos I am boobless, doctor laughed said I am prob so radioactive (not funny says me) but no explanation. But the TD echocardiogram from a few months ago, still stands.. moderate membranous subarotic stenosis (guess I is old) and that pesky newly found systolic ejection murmur thingy. hence the TD ...
https://forum.melanoma.org/forums/topic/results-sort-of/
Multilocus sequence typingMultilocus sequence typing
2009). "Multilocus sequence typing of Cronobacter sakazakii and Cronobacter malonaticus reveals stable clonal structures with ... The genus Cronobacter is composed of 7 species. Before 2007, the single species name Enterobacter sakazakii was applied to ... The Cronobacter MLST was initially applied to distinguish between C. sakazakii and C. malonaticus because 16S rDNA sequencing ... Joseph and Forsythe (2011). "Association of Cronobacter sakazakii ST4 with neonatal infections". Emerging Infectious Diseases. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilocus_sequence_typing
PasteurizationPasteurization
Cronobacter sakazakii > 6.7 at 67.5 °C (153.5 °F) Listeria monocytogenes > 6.9 at 65.5 °C (149.9 °F) Salmonella ser. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteurization
CitralCitral
It has been tested (2016) in vitro against the food-borne pathogen Cronobacter sakazakii. In a report (1997), Citral is ... "Antimicrobial Activity and Possible Mechanism of Action of Citral against Cronobacter sakazakii". PLOS ONE. 11 (7): e0159006. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citral
2022 United States infant formula shortage2022 United States infant formula shortage
Cronobacter sakazakii, was found at the Sturgis plant. The CDC performed whole genome sequencing on Cronobacter bacteria from ... and in some cases were found to have instances of Cronobacter contamination. Cronobacter is a common environmental bacterium in ... Pezenik, Sasha; Salzman, Sony (August 1, 2022). "Other infant formula makers besides Abbott have faced Cronobacter ... sakazakii in the CDC database, making identification and comparison of strains difficult, and the high likelihood of missed ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_United_States_infant_formula_shortage
List of food contamination incidentsList of food contamination incidents
2022 - Abbott Nutrition recalled Similac baby formula after the death of an infant from Cronobacter sakazakii. The recall ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_food_contamination_incidents
Infant food safetyInfant food safety
Cronobacter, formerly known as Enterobacter sakazakii, is a group of bacteria that can be found in the environment. The germs ... Anybody can get sick from Cronobacter, but the infection occurs most often in infants. Cronobacter infections are rare, but ... Cronobacter infections can be prevented by: Breastfeeding. This is one of the best things that can do for the infant's health, ... Reported Cronobacter infections among infants who were fed only breast milk and no formula or other foods are rare.[medical ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infant_food_safety
Enterobacter cloacaeEnterobacter cloacae
... and other Enterobacter hormaechei misidentified as Cronobacter (Enterobacter) sakazakii. Microbiology. 154, 3659-3667 (2008). ... Enterobacter sakazakii: a new species of "Enterobacteriaceae" isolated from clinical specimens. International Journal of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterobacter_cloacae
TranscytosisTranscytosis
... has been shown to be critical to the entry of Cronobacter sakazakii across the intestinal epithelium as well as ... "Cronobacter spp. (previously Enterobacter sakazakii) invade and translocate across both cultured human intestinal epithelial ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcytosis
OmpA-like transmembrane domainOmpA-like transmembrane domain
Cronobacter sakazakii is a food borne pathogen causing meningitis in neonates and was shown to bind fibronectin via OmpA and ... Nair MK, Venkitanarayanan K, Silbart LK, Kim KS (May 2009). "Outer membrane protein A (OmpA) of Cronobacter sakazakii binds ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OmpA-like_transmembrane_domain
Infant formulaInfant formula
... due to infection with Cronobacter sakazakii and other microorganisms that can be introduced to PIF during its production. ... Although C. sakazakii can cause illness in all age groups, infants are believed to be at greatest risk of infection. Between ... 1958 and 2006, there have been several dozen reported cases of C. sakazakii infection worldwide. The WHO believes that such ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infant_formula
MCR-1MCR-1
Cronobacter sakazakii, Shigella sonnei, Kluyvera species, Citrobacter species, and Raoultella ornithinolytica. The mechanism of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MCR-1
Neonatal meningitisNeonatal meningitis
... such as Citrobacter koseri and Cronobacter sakazakii for example. Ultrasounds are useful for early imaging to determine ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_meningitis
SimilacSimilac
... after finding evidence of Cronobacter sakazakii in some areas of Abbott's Sturgis, Michigan facility, known for manufacturing ... Alimentum and EleCare products as they investigate four cases of hospitalized infants involving Cronobacter sakazakii infection ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Similac
CronobacterCronobacter
and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii ... n. Cronobacter, a rod that can cause illness in neonates. Cronobacter sakazakii (sak.a.zaki.ī. N.L. gen. n. sakazakii, of ... The type species of the genus Cronobacter is Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. All Cronobacter species, except C. condimenti, ... nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronobacter
Cronobacter muytjensiiCronobacter muytjensii
and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii ... nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter ... LPSN "Cronobacter muytjensii" at the Encyclopedia of Life Type strain of Cronobacter muytjensii at BacDive - the Bacterial ... "The taxonomy of Enterobacter sakazakii: proposal of a new genus Cronobacter gen. nov. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronobacter_muytjensii
Cronobacter malonaticusCronobacter malonaticus
... and proposal of Cronobacter sakazakii gen. nov., comb. nov., Cronobacter malonaticus sp. nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov ... Cronobacter malonaticus, formerly considered a subspecies of Cronobacter sakazakii, is a bacterium. Its type strain is CDC 1058 ... nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov., Cronobacter genomospecies 1, and of three subspecies, Cronobacter dublinensis subsp. ... "Multilocus sequence typing of Cronobacter sakazakii and Cronobacter malonaticus reveals stable clonal structures with clinical ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronobacter_malonaticus
Cronobacter turicensisCronobacter turicensis
and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii ... nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter ... LPSN "Cronobacter turicensis" at the Encyclopedia of Life Type strain of Cronobacter turicensis at BacDive - the Bacterial ... "The taxonomy of Enterobacter sakazakii: proposal of a new genus Cronobacter gen. nov. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronobacter_turicensis
Cronobacter dublinensisCronobacter dublinensis
and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii ... nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter ... LPSN "Cronobacter dublinensis" at the Encyclopedia of Life Type strain of Cronobacter dublinensis subsp. dublinensis at BacDive ... "The taxonomy of Enterobacter sakazakii: proposal of a new genus Cronobacter gen. nov. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronobacter_dublinensis
Cronobacter sakazakiiCronobacter sakazakii
and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii ... nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter ... 2008). "Cronobacter gen. nov., a new genus to accommodate the biogroups of Enterobacter sakazakii, and proposal of Cronobacter ... Cronobacter sakazakii, which before 2007 was named Enterobacter sakazakii, is an opportunistic Gram-negative, rod-shaped, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronobacter_sakazakii
Pluralibacter gergoviaePluralibacter gergoviae
... pulveris into Cronobacter as Cronobacter zurichensis nom. nov., Cronobacter helveticus comb. nov. and Cronobacter pulveris comb ... Enterobacter gergoviae and Enterobacter sakazakii strains". Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 8 (9): 564-578. doi:10.1046/j. ... nov., respectively, and emended description of the genera Enterobacter and Cronobacter". Systematic and Applied Microbiology. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluralibacter_gergoviae
Results of search for ccl=au:Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and ccode:SERIALS › WHO HQ...Results of search for 'ccl=au:'Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations' and ccode:SERIALS' › WHO HQ...
Results of search for ccl=su:{Infant Formula } › WHO HQ Library catalogResults of search for 'ccl=su:{Infant Formula }' › WHO HQ Library catalog
Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) in powdered follow-up formulae : meeting report. by World Health Organization , Food ... Enterobacter sakazakii and other microorganisms in powdered infant formula : meeting report.; Enterobacter sakazakii y otros ... Enterobacter sakazakii and other microorganisms in powdered infant formula : meeting report.; Enterobacter sakazakii et autres ... Enterobacter sakazakii y otros microorganismos en los preparados en polvo para lactantes : informe de la reunión. by FAO/WHO ...
https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=ccl=su:{Infant Formula }&sort_by=relevance_dsc&count=20&limit=su-to:Enterobacter sakazakii
Volume 20, Number 9-September 2014 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDCVolume 20, Number 9-September 2014 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Incidence of Cronobacter spp. Infections, United States, 2003-2009 [PDF - 509 KB - 4 pages] M. E. Patrick et al. View Abstract ... Incidence of Cronobacter spp. Infections, United States, 2003-2009. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2014;20(9):1536-1539. doi: ... Patrick, M. E., Mahon, B. E., Greene, S. A., Rounds, J., Cronquist, A., Wymore, K....Bowen, A. (2014). Incidence of Cronobacter ... During 2003-2009, we identified 544 cases of Cronobacter spp. infection from 6 US states. The highest percentage of invasive ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/articles/issue/20/9/table-of-contents
Cronobacter spp. in Common Breast Milk Substitutes, Bogotá, Colombia - Volume 24, Number 10-October 2018 - Emerging Infectious...Cronobacter spp. in Common Breast Milk Substitutes, Bogotá, Colombia - Volume 24, Number 10-October 2018 - Emerging Infectious...
Risk of Cronobacter Sakazakii contamination in powdered milk for infant nutrition [in Spanish]. Rev Chil Nutr. 2015;42:83-9. ... Possible reservoir and routes of transmission of Cronobacter (Enterobacter sakazakii) via wheat flour. Food Control. 2014;43: ... We found 34.3% of tested samples to be contaminated with Cronobacter spp.; C. sakazakii was the most recovered species. Our ... Biochemical and molecular characterization of Cronobacter spp. (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) isolated from foods. Antonie ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/24/10/17-2021_article
Etymologia: Cronobacter sakazakii - Volume 24, Number 11-November 2018 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDCEtymologia: Cronobacter sakazakii - Volume 24, Number 11-November 2018 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
nov., Cronobacter malonaticus sp. nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter ... In 2007, the genus Cronobacter was created to accommodate the biogroups of E. sakazakii, with C. sakazakii as the type species ... nov., a new genus to accommodate the biogroups of Enterobacter sakazakii, and proposal of Cronobacter sakazakii gen. nov., comb ... nov., Cronobacter genomospecies 1, and of three subspecies, Cronobacter dublinensis subsp. dublinensis subsp. nov., Cronobacter ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/24/11/et-2411_article
Details for: Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants : › WHO HQ Library catalogDetails for: Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants : › WHO HQ Library catalog
WA 701 2008EN Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) in powdered follow-up formulae : WA 701 2008MI Microbiological hazards ...
https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=31213&shelfbrowse_itemnumber=54981
Results of search for ccl=su:{Enterobacteriaceae.} › WHO HQ Library catalogResults of search for 'ccl=su:{Enterobacteriaceae.}' › WHO HQ Library catalog
Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) in powdered follow-up formulae : meeting report. by World Health Organization , Food ... Enterobacter sakazakii and other microorganisms in powdered infant formula : meeting report. by FAO/WHO Expert Meeting on ... Enterobacter sakazakii and Salmonella in powdered infant formula : meeting report. by Joint FAO/WHO Technical Meeting on ... Enterobacter sakazakii y otros microorganismos en los preparados en polvo para lactantes : informe de la reunión..Availability ...
https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=ccl=su:{Enterobacteriaceae.}&sort_by=relevance_dsc&count=20&limit=se:Microbiological risk assessment series
Browsing by Subject Child, PreschoolBrowsing by Subject "Child, Preschool"
Enterobacter sakazakii (‎Cronobacter spp.)‎ in powdered follow-up formula: meeting report  World Health Organization; Food and ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Child, Preschool&type=mesh
Browsing by Subject Cronobacter sakazakiiBrowsing by Subject "Cronobacter sakazakii"
Enterobacter sakazakii (‎Cronobacter spp.)‎ in powdered follow-up formula: meeting report  World Health Organization; Food and ... Enterobacter sakazakii and Salmonella in powdered infant formula : meeting report  World Health Organization (‎World Health ... Enterobacter sakazakii and other microorganisms in powdered infant formula: meeting report  World Health Organization; Food ... Enterobacter sakazakii y otros microorganismos en los preparados en polvo para lactantes : informe de la reunión  ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Cronobacter+sakazakii&type=mesh
Notes from the Field: Cronobacter sakazakii Infection Associated with Feeding Extrinsically Contaminated Expressed Human Milk...Notes from the Field: Cronobacter sakazakii Infection Associated with Feeding Extrinsically Contaminated Expressed Human Milk...
CDC reports on a case of cronobacter sakazakii infection caused by consumption of extrinsically contaminated expressed human ... CDC reports on a case of cronobacter sakazakii infection caused by consumption of extrinsically contaminated expressed human ... C. sakazakii can cause sepsis and severe meningitis, particularly among infants (1). Cronobacter infections have been traced to ... Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) in powdered follow-up formulae [meeting report]. Rome, Italy: United Nations, Food ...
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6628a5.htm
CFS follows up on US powdered infant formula with possible contamination of Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella Newport
... ... The CFS has collected over 210 samples of infant milk powder for microbiologcial testing (including Cronobacter sakazakii and ... that authorities are investigating several cases of infant infections of Cronobacter sakazakii (previously named Enterobacter ... infant formula is not a sterile product which may be contaminated with pathogens such as salmonella and Cronobacter sakazakii. ...
https://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/202202/18/P2022021800703p.htm
ADHERENCE INHIBITION OF <i>CRONOBACTER SAKAZAKII</i> AND OTHER PATHOGE by..."ADHERENCE INHIBITION OF <i>CRONOBACTER SAKAZAKII</i> AND OTHER PATHOGE" by...
... and a GOS-PDX blend was tested against two strains of Cronobacter ... Finally, the ability of two different types of lactoferrin to inhibit adherence of Cronobacter sakazakii to a HEp-2 human cell ... ADHERENCE INHIBITION OF CRONOBACTER SAKAZAKII AND OTHER PATHOGENS BY PREBIOTIC OLIGOSACCHARIDES, PLANT EXTRACTS, AND OTHER ... and a GOS-PDX blend was tested against two strains of Cronobacter "Enterobacter" sakazakii. When measured microscopically or by ...
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/foodscidiss/14/
Cronobacter (former Enterobacter sakazakii) spp. - its effect in dairy product safety, quality and trade - Zurich Open...Cronobacter (former Enterobacter sakazakii) spp. - its effect in dairy product safety, quality and trade - Zurich Open...
Cronobacter spp. (Enterobacter sakazakii) is a recently described genus that is made up of six species. These bacteria are ... Cronobacter spp. (Enterobacter sakazakii) is a recently described genus that is made up of six species. These bacteria are ... Cronobacter (former Enterobacter sakazakii) spp. - its effect in dairy product safety, quality and trade ... Lehner, A (2010). Cronobacter (former Enterobacter sakazakii) spp. - its effect in dairy product safety, quality and trade. ...
https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/41126/
The Impact of Drying on Foodborne Pathogens Salmonella enterica and Cronobacter sakazakii - Université de Bourgogne
... sakazakii.Significance: These results indicate that drying parameters have a high impact on S. enterica and C. sakazakii and ... sakazakii.Methods: Salmonella Typhimurium and C. sakazakii were mixed into whole milk powder and dried at different water ... Technical Session 1 - Intervention Strategies] Introduction: Salmonella enterica and Cronobacter sakazakii are foodborne ... The Impact of Drying on Foodborne Pathogens Salmonella enterica and Cronobacter sakazakii Emilie Lang 1 Stéphane Guyot 2 Pablo ...
https://hal-univ-bourgogne.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01533452
Screening of genes involved in interactions with intestinal epithelial cells in Cronobacter sakazakii | AMB Express | Full TextScreening of genes involved in interactions with intestinal epithelial cells in Cronobacter sakazakii | AMB Express | Full Text
Real-time PCR was used to further confirm the involvement of the genes in the adhesive and invasive abilities of C. sakazakii, ... The results of this study provide us with insight into the mechanism by which C. sakazakii infects host cells at molecular ... In the current study, the adhesive and invasive capabilities of 56 C. sakazakii strains against human epithelial cells were ... Cronobacter sakazakii possesses a significant ability to adhere to and invade epithelial cells in its host. However, the ...
https://amb-express.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13568-016-0246-4/figures/3
Resistance of Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) to environmental stresses<...
Resistance of Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) to environmental stresses. G. I. Dancer, J. H. Mah, M. S. Rhee, I. G. ... Resistance of Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) to environmental stresses. / Dancer, G. I.; Mah, J. H.; Rhee, M. S. et ... Dancer, G. I., Mah, J. H., Rhee, M. S., Hwang, I. G., & Kang, D. H. (2009). Resistance of Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter ... Resistance of Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) to environmental stresses. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 2009 Nov; ...
https://koreauniv.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/resistance-of-enterobacter-sakazakii-cronobacter-spp-to-environme
Details for: Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) in powdered follow-up formulae : › WHO HQ Library catalog
Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) in powdered follow-up formulae : meeting report. By: World Health Organization ... Enterobacter sakazakii -- pathogenicity -- classification , Enterobacteriaceae infections -- epidemiology -- prevention and ...
https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=ccl=su%3A%7BEnterobacteriaceae%20infections%7D&sort_by=relevance_dsc&count=20&limit=su-to:Risk%20assessment
Proficiency Tests | Fapas Proficiency Testing from Fera
Cronobacter sakazakii (Detection) £155.00 Cronobacter (Enterobacter) sakazakii Detection in Infant Formula Proficiency Test ... Cronobacter (Enterobacter) sakazakii Detection in Infant Formula Proficiency Test FMOD20-INF10 M294d20 26/02/2024 Proficiency ... Cronobacter sakazakii (Detection) £138.00 Alicyclobacillus spp. / Thermophilic acidophilic bacteria (TAB) & Guaiacol Producing ...
https://fapas.com/shop/search?producttypes=1&matrixgroupid=19%2C23%2C22%2C9%2C3%2C28%2C20%2C15%2C14
Effects and molecular mechanism of flagellar gene flgK on the motility, adhesion/invasion, and desiccation resistance of...Effects and molecular mechanism of flagellar gene flgK on the motility, adhesion/invasion, and desiccation resistance of...
Cronobacter sakazakii (C. sakazakii), a food-borne pathogen, can infect neonates, elderly and immunocompromised populations ... Cronobacter sakazakii Limite: Idoso / Humanos / Recém-Nascido Idioma: Inglês Revista: Food Res Int Ano de publicação: 2023 Tipo ... Cronobacter sakazakii Limite: Idoso / Humanos / Recém-Nascido Idioma: Inglês Revista: Food Res Int Ano de publicação: 2023 Tipo ... Proteínas de Bactérias; Cronobacter sakazakii; Humanos; Recém-Nascido; Idoso; Proteínas de Bactérias/genética; Proteínas de ...
https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/brasil/resource/pt/mdl-36738023
4 In. Split Top Brioche Style Buns recalled due to potential presence of dangerous bacteria and Cronobacter sakazakii - Canada...
Split Top Brioche Style Buns recalled due to potential presence of dangerous bacteria and Cronobacter sakazakii ... Split Top Brioche Style Buns recalled due to potential presence of Clostridium botulinum and Cronobacter sakazakii. ...
https://rsams.prod.cloud.openplus.ca/en/alert-recall/4-split-top-brioche-style-buns-recalled-due-potential-presence-dangerous-bacteria-and
Everything to Know about an Abbott Baby Formula Recall LawsuitEverything to Know about an Abbott Baby Formula Recall Lawsuit
Cronobacter sakazakii is a bacteria commonly found in dry environments, like baby formula, and can cause stomach issues as well ... The signs of a Cronobacter sakazakii or Salmonella Newport infection are very vague, and the behavior your child is showing ... Abbott is recalling these products after four consumer complaints related to Cronobacter sakazakii or Salmonella Newport in ... A review of the firms internal records also indicate environmental contamination with Cronobacter sakazakii and the firms ...
https://www.classactionlawyertn.com/abbott-baby-formula-recall.html
Similac | Page 2 of 3 | Food Safety NewsSimilac | Page 2 of 3 | Food Safety News
What we know: There have been four sick with two dead from Cronobacter sakazakii. The recall: The recall began on Feb. 17, 2022 ... Continue Reading Publishers Platform: Six weeks after infant formula Cronobacter sakazakii outbreak and recall there are still ... Publishers Platform: Six weeks after infant formula Cronobacter sakazakii outbreak and recall there are still unanswered ... Publishers Platform: Cronobacter Illnesses Linked to Powdered Infant Formula - What Parents Need to Know. By Bill Marler on ...
https://www.foodsafetynews.com/tag/similac/page/2/
Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Practice Essentials, Background, EtiologyNecrotizing Enterocolitis: Practice Essentials, Background, Etiology
4] Infant formulas contaminated with organisms such as Cronobacter species (previously called Enterobacter sakazakii) [7] ... Cronobacter: an emerging opportunistic pathogen associated with neonatal meningitis, sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis. J ...
https://www.medscape.com/answers/977956-71353/what-is-the-role-of-abdominal-radiography-in-the-diagnosis-of-necrotizing-enterocolitis-nec
Glucerna Shakes Are One of Several Recalled Nutritional BeveragesGlucerna Shakes Are One of Several Recalled Nutritional Beverages
Glucerna shakes and other beverages are being recalled for possible contamination with Cronobacter sakazakii bacteria. ... Infection with Cronobacter sakazakii is rare, but common symptoms include fever, vomiting, and urinary tract infections. ... theres potential that the beverages are contaminated with bacteria called Cronobacter sakazakii, though no illnesses have been ... recalled several brands of powdered baby formula and shut down a manufacturing plant in Michigan because of Cronobacter ...
https://www.verywellhealth.com/glucerna-shakes-recall-6363398
How the FDA bungled the powdered infant formula recallHow the FDA bungled the powdered infant formula recall
The cases involve dangerous bacteria called cronobacter sakazakii and salmonella newport.. Cronobacter bacteria is extremely ... and at this time the cause of the infants cronobacter sakazakii infection has not been determined." ...
https://www.news4jax.com/news/local/2022/03/14/how-the-fda-bungled-the-powdered-infant-formula-recall/
Volume 19, Number 1-January 2013 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Cronobacter sakazakii ST4 Strains and Neonatal Meningitis, United States [PDF - 332 KB - 3 pages] S. Hariri et al. Cite This ... Cronobacter sakazakii ST4 Strains and Neonatal Meningitis, United States. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2013;19(1):175-177. doi ... Hariri, S., Joseph, S., & Forsythe, S. J. (2013). Cronobacter sakazakii ST4 Strains and Neonatal Meningitis, United States. ... Cronobacter Infections Not from Infant Formula, Taiwan [PDF - 265 KB - 3 pages] H. Tsai et al. Cite This Article. ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/articles/issue/19/1/table-of-contents
Michael Loughlin | Nottingham Trent UniversityMichael Loughlin | Nottingham Trent University
Multilocus sequence typing of Cronobacter sakazakii and Cronobacter malonaticus reveals stable clonal structures with clinical ... Biofilm formation on enteral feeding tubes by Cronobacter sakazakii, Salmonella serovars and other Enterobacteriaceae. Hurrell ...
https://www.ntu.ac.uk/staff-profiles/science-technology/michael-loughlin
Encyclopedia of Food Safety - Elsevier Science & Technology - Literati by Credo
Bacteria: Cronobacter (Enterobacter) sakazakii and Other Cronobacter spp.. *Bacteria: Other Pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae - ...
https://corp.credoreference.com/component/booktracker/edition/9859.html
glucosamine, 3416-24-8glucosamine, 3416-24-8
PubMed:Characterization of lipid A Cronobacter sakazakii.. PubMed:Effects of chitooligosaccharide lactate salt on sleep ...
http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1365631.html
Texas recalls: Baby formula recalled after infant deathTexas recalls: Baby formula recalled after infant death
In addition, retained samples related to the complaints for Cronobacter sakazakii tested negative for Cronobacter sakazakii. ... According to Abbott Nutrition, "no distributed product has tested positive for the presence of Cronobacter sakazakii." Recently ... All infant formula products are tested for Cronobacter sakazakii, Salmonella and other pathogens and they must test negative ... Within this investigation are four reports of Cronobacter sakazakii infections and one complaint of Salmonella Newport. All ...
https://www.kxan.com/news/texas-recalls-more-baby-formula-recalled-after-infant-death/
CrisprVi: a software for visualizing and analyzing CRISPR sequences of prokaryotes | BMC Bioinformatics | Full TextCrisprVi: a software for visualizing and analyzing CRISPR sequences of prokaryotes | BMC Bioinformatics | Full Text
CRISPR-cas loci profiling of Cronobacter sakazakii pathovars. Future Microbiol. 2016;00(12):1507-19. ...
https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12859-022-04716-9
Biden invokes Defense Production Act to combat infant formula shortagesBiden invokes Defense Production Act to combat infant formula shortages
Two infants died after they were fed Abbotts Similac formula and contracted the rare bacteria Cronobacter sakazakii. ...
https://americanindependent.com/infant-formula-shortage-joe-biden-defense-production-act/
Baby Formula Recall Brings Attention To Rare Cronobacter InfectionBaby Formula Recall Brings Attention To Rare Cronobacter Infection
Additionally, retained samples related to the three complaints for Cronobacter sakazakii tested negative for Cronobacter. And ... Cronobacter sakazakii is a germ that lives in the environment and can live in dry foods, the Center for Disease Control said. ... According to NBC, the bacteria Cronobacter sakazakii has caused four infants to fall gravely ill and has caused two of those ... "Infants two months of age and younger are most likely to develop meningitis if they get sick from Cronobacter," the CDC said on ...
https://madamenoire.com/1309456/cronobacter-infection-baby-formula/
Manufacturers alerts - The Society of Hospital Pharmacists of AustraliaManufacturers' alerts - The Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia
The recall is due to potential microbial contamination with Salmonella Newport (Salmonella) or Cronobacter sakazakii ( ... Cronobacter).. Lomustine - notice of out of stock. 16 February. Bristol-Myers Squibb Australia Pty Ltd (BMS) advised that Ceenu ...
https://shpa.org.au/news-advocacy/manufacturers-alerts?v=638000599897407653
Frontiers | A Multiplex RT-PCR Assay for S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. Detection in Raw Milk with Pre...Frontiers | A Multiplex RT-PCR Assay for S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. Detection in Raw Milk with Pre...
2016). Rapid and simultaneous detection of viable Cronobacter sakazakii, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus in infant ... including the simultaneous detection of Cronobacter sakazakii, S. aureus, and Bacillus cereus, as well as the simultaneous ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00989/full
Browsing by master's degree program "Master's Programme in Pharmacy"
Cronobacter sakazakii, Esherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococccus aureus and ...
https://ethesis.helsinki.fi/repository/handle/123456789/8/browse?type=mastersdegreeprogram&value=Master%27s+Programme+in+Pharmacy
Salmonella NewportEnterobacterInfectionInfantsIsolatesIllnessesStrainsBacteria calledGenomeClostridiumExpressed BreaSymptomsSepsisOrganismsGermAbbottPlanktonic2021PathogensMeningitisInvestigationSturgisDeadlyBacillusEnterobacteriaceaeInfant milkIllnessFoundMethodsResistancePositiveDeathsSamplesPresenceSignificantlyCasesRareStrategies
Salmonella Newport12
  • Abbott is recalling these products after four consumer complaints related to Cronobacter sakazakii or Salmonella Newport in infants who had consumed powder infant formula manufactured in this facility. (classactionlawyertn.com)
  • The same day, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") announced it is investigating consumer complaints of Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella Newport infections. (classactionlawyertn.com)
  • What Are Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella Newport? (classactionlawyertn.com)
  • This type of bacteria is significantly more dangerous to children under three months of age, and an infant who's infected with Salmonella Newport will exhibit the same symptoms as Cronobacter sakazakii. (classactionlawyertn.com)
  • The cases involve dangerous bacteria called cronobacter sakazakii and salmonella newport. (news4jax.com)
  • Earlier this month, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration confirmed an investigation was underway following consumer complaints of Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella Newport infections. (kxan.com)
  • Within this investigation are four reports of Cronobacter sakazakii infections and one complaint of Salmonella Newport. (kxan.com)
  • Health director-general Tan Sri Dr Noor Hisham Abdullah said the US Food and Drug Authorities had reported the discovery of Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella Newport bacteria in formula products produced by Abbott Nutrition's Sturgis facility in Michigan, US. (thestar.com.my)
  • One ill with Salmonella Newport, Four ill with Cronobacter sakazakii with two deaths in Ohio. (porcamandioca.com)
  • This comes just two months after the health care company Abbott recalled some of its powdered baby formula over consumer complaints related to Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella Newport. (knau.org)
  • On February 17, 2022 Abbott issued a voluntary recall of certain Similac ® , Alimentum, Sim PM 60/40 ® , and EleCare ® powdered formulas due to consumer complaints related to Cronobacter sakazakii or Salmonella Newport in infants who consumed powdered infant formula manufactured at their facility in Sturgis, Michigan. (childrensdayton.org)
  • On 20 February 2022 the Food Standards Agency (FSA) published a product recall information notice, which was updated on 22 February for two infant formula products used for special medical purposes, due to concerns of possible contamination with Salmonella Newport and Cronobacter sakazakii (formerly known as Enterobacter sakazakii). (ashfordstpeters.nhs.uk)
Enterobacter9
  • Enterobacter sakazakii (‎Cronobacter spp. (who.int)
  • Cronobacter (former Enterobacter sakazakii) spp. (uzh.ch)
  • Enterobacter sakazakii) is a recently described genus that is made up of six species. (uzh.ch)
  • Aim: To gain a better understanding of the survival and persistence of Enterobacter sakazakii in severe environments. (elsevier.com)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Resistance of Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp. (elsevier.com)
  • Bacteria: Cronobacter (Enterobacter) sakazakii and Other Cronobacter spp. (credoreference.com)
  • Enterobacter sakazakii in infant formulae, yeasts and moulds, Bacillus cereus , Vibrio parahaemolyticus . (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • Enterobacter sakazakii et autres microorganismes présents dans les préparations en poudre pour nourrissons : projet de la réunion. (who.int)
  • The bacteria designated by the acronym SERMOR-PROVENF (SER = Serratia, MOR = Morganella, PROV = Providencia, EN = Enterobacter, F = freundii for Citrobacter freundii ) have similar, although not identical, chromosomal beta-lactamase genes that are inducible. (medscape.com)
Infection17
  • Con- ronobacter sakazakii neonatal infections can cause sequently, much effort has gone into providing safe severe systemic infection and meningitis, resulting in instructions and guidelines for preparation and storage mortality rates as high as 42% ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • C. sakazakii have bacter infection in infants exclusively fed breast milk are been shown to survive and grow in human breast milk at rare ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • We report a similar EBM cultures while in hospital were negative for Crono- case of an infant with onset of C. sakazakii clinical men- bacter ) and subsequent infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Cronobacter infections have been traced to contaminated powdered infant formula, and only once has a source unrelated to powdered infant formula been reported to be associated with an infant infection ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • This case of C. sakazakii infection caused by consumption of extrinsically contaminated expressed human milk led to meningitis, brain necrosis, and marked developmental delays. (cdc.gov)
  • Clinical symptoms of Cronobacter infection include necrotising enterocolitis, bacteremia, and meningitis, with case fatality rates of up to 80% being reported. (uzh.ch)
  • sakazakii infection. (elsevier.com)
  • Cronobacter sakazakii (C. sakazakii), a food -borne pathogen, can infect neonates , elderly and immunocompromised populations with a high infection and mortality rate. (bvsalud.org)
  • Infection with Cronobacter sakazakii is rare, but common symptoms include fever, vomiting, and urinary tract infections. (verywellhealth.com)
  • After the second recall, Abbott said: "This case is under investigation, and at this time the cause of the infant's cronobacter sakazakii infection has not been determined. (news4jax.com)
  • The FDA reports an additional infant has died, and a Cronobacter infection may have been a contributing factor. (kxan.com)
  • Cronobacter infection may also cause bowel damage and may spread through the blood to other parts of the body. (govdelivery.com)
  • He was transferred to St. John's Hospital-Springfield after tests showed that he had contracted Cronobacter sakazakii, a rare bacterial infection, MSNBC said. (yourlawyer.com)
  • In recent years, some outbreaks of bacterial infection in neonatal intensive care units have been traced to powdered infant formula contaminated with Cronobacter species, causing life-threatening diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis and meningitis. (ntu.ac.uk)
  • The data revealed potential of some Cronobacter species to grow at 44oC, posing a significant risk of infection by the bacterium when following the current formula preparation guidelines. (ntu.ac.uk)
  • Abbott later expanded the recall after learning of the death of an infant who had consumed Similac PM 60/40 and tested positive for Cronobacter sakazakii , but it said the cause of the infection had not been determined. (knau.org)
  • Cronobacter germs can cause a dangerous blood infection ( sepsis ). (cdc.gov)
Infants16
  • C. sakazakii can cause sepsis and severe meningitis, particularly among infants ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • However, Cronobacter can be found in other food products and the environment, and some infected infants did not consume powdered infant formula ( 1 , 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Cronobacter bacteria is extremely deadly, with a mortality rate as high as 80 percent in infants. (news4jax.com)
  • Cronobacter infections are often serious in infants and can lead to death. (kxan.com)
  • Two infants died after they were fed Abbott's Similac formula and contracted the rare bacteria Cronobacter sakazakii . (americanindependent.com)
  • According to NBC, the bacteria Cronobacter sakazakii has caused four infants to fall gravely ill and has caused two of those infants' deaths. (madamenoire.com)
  • Infants two months of age and younger are most likely to develop meningitis if they get sick from Cronobacter," the CDC said on their website. (madamenoire.com)
  • Abbott issued its recall following reports that four infants who had consumed formula from the Sturgis plant were infected with Cronobacter sakazakii . (insidesources.com)
  • In its communications, Abbott has challenged the notion that contaminated product from its plant was actually responsible for the illness, arguing that the Cronobacter bacterial isolates from the infants did not definitively match the bacteria found in the Sturgis plant. (insidesources.com)
  • The Sturgis plant has been shut down for months following a US Food and Drug Administration inspection that found Cronobacter sakazakii bacteria - which can be deadly to infants - in several areas. (ipodifier.com)
  • In February, an FDA investigation into infections in four infants, two of whom died, led to Abbott Nutrition's plant in Michigan, where traces of the bacteria Cronobacter sakazakii were found. (nextdraft.com)
  • Getting sick from Cronobacter does not happen often, but infections in infants can be deadly. (cdc.gov)
  • Cronobacter infections in infants less than 12 months old are often linked to powdered infant formula. (cdc.gov)
  • These infants are most likely to develop meningitis if they get sick from Cronobacter . (cdc.gov)
  • Cronobacter illness in infants usually starts with a fever and poor feeding, excessive crying, or very low energy. (cdc.gov)
  • Very few cases of Cronobacter infections have been reported among infants fed only breast milk. (cdc.gov)
Isolates3
  • however, pulsed-field gel pump probably was colonized with C. sakazakii , lead- electrophoresis revealed indistinguishable isolates from a ing to contamination of the EBM (especially because contaminated breast pump and EBM. (cdc.gov)
  • Except for the EMM isolate with the earliest collection date, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of all EMM and clinical C. sakazakii isolates were indistinguishable. (cdc.gov)
  • These isolates were supplemented with available C. sakazakii illumina sequence reads downloaded from the sequenced read archive (SRA) available from NCBI and included for analysis (Technical Appendix Table). (cdc.gov)
Illnesses6
  • As a result, there's potential that the beverages are contaminated with bacteria called Cronobacter sakazakii, though no illnesses have been reported at this time. (verywellhealth.com)
  • To date, this investigation has been associated with four illnesses (three for Cronobacter and one for Salmonella) spanning the following states: MN, OH and TX. (govdelivery.com)
  • The FDA stated that it had initiated an onsite inspection at the facility, and to date had found several positive contamination results from environmental samples for a bacteria, Cronobacter sakazakii ("Cronobacter"), linked to infant illnesses and death. (businesswire.com)
  • I might have missed it, but has anyone received answers to these basic questions?Question 1: Given that illnesses began in early September 2021, did that fact that Cronobacter sakazakii is only reportable in Minnesota hamper the investigation and delay the outbreak announcement and recall? (porcamandioca.com)
  • About two to four cases are reported to CDC every year, but this figure may not reflect the true number of illnesses because most hospitals and laboratories are not required to report Cronobacter infections to health departments. (porcamandioca.com)
  • The FDA said it initiated an on-site inspection at the facility and to date has found multiple positive environmental sample contamination results for a bacterium, Cronobacter sakazakii ("Cronobacter"), linked to childhood illnesses and death. (legalaidua.com)
Strains2
  • sakazakii to heat varies widely among strains. (elsevier.com)
  • Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was undertaken on five C. sakazakii strains, and representatives of four other Cronobacter species. (ntu.ac.uk)
Bacteria called1
  • The shakes may be contaminated with a bacteria called Cronobacter sakazakii . (verywellhealth.com)
Genome2
  • This study for the first time presents growth data and whole genome comparisons for five different species of Cronobacter after the taxonomic revision by Iversen et al. (ntu.ac.uk)
  • The first sequenced Cronobacter genome (C. sakazakii BAA-894) was used to construct a 384,030 probe oligonucleotide tiling DNA microarray covering its 4 Mb chromosome and plasmids pESA2 (31 kb) and pESA3 (131 kb). (ntu.ac.uk)
Clostridium1
  • In a press release, Lyons Magnus said Wednesday's recall is voluntary, and it was issued due to the potential for microbial contamination, including from the organisms Cronobacter sakazakii and Clostridium botulinum. (turnto23.com)
Expressed Brea1
  • C. sakazakii has been shown to colonize equipment lights potential risks associated with storage and acquisition of expressed breast milk. (cdc.gov)
Symptoms1
  • If your child begins experiencing symptoms of Cronobacter or salmonella, notify your healthcare provider and seek medical attention for your child immediately. (kxan.com)
Sepsis2
  • Cronobacter bacteria can cause severe, life-threatening infections, such as sepsis or meningitis, according to the CDC . (kxan.com)
  • Cronobacter bacteria can cause severe, life-threatening infections (sepsis) or meningitis (an inflammation of the membranes that protect the brain and spine). (govdelivery.com)
Organisms2
  • Cronobacter are regarded as ubiquitous organisms having been isolated from a variety of environments, as well as foods, but so far only contaminated powdered infant formula has been epidemiologcally linked with infections. (uzh.ch)
  • Several features exhibited by these organisms, such as a high tolerance to osmotic and dry stress, as well as the ability to form capsules and biofilms containing exopolysacharides possibly conferring protection against environmental stresses may contribute to survival of Cronobacter spp, in the processing environment as well as in the products. (uzh.ch)
Germ2
  • Cronobacter sakazakii is a germ that lives in the environment and can live in dry foods, the C enter for Disease Control said . (madamenoire.com)
  • Cronobacter sakazakii is a germ found naturally in the environment. (cdc.gov)
Abbott8
  • Earlier this year, Abbott Nutrition recalled several brands of powdered baby formula and shut down a manufacturing plant in Michigan because of Cronobacter bacteria contamination. (verywellhealth.com)
  • Abbott is recalling certain Abbott brand powdered infant formula products from the marketplace due to possible Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella contamination. (canada.ca)
  • Findings to date include several positive Cronobacter results from environmental samples taken by FDA at the Abbott Sturgis, Michigan facility. (porcamandioca.com)
  • A review of the Abbott 's internal records also indicate environmental contamination with Cronobacter sakazakii. (porcamandioca.com)
  • Abbott destroyed product due to the presence of Cronobacter sakazakii. (porcamandioca.com)
  • The Abbott plant in Michigan halted production of formula in February following a voluntary recall amid fears of the presence of Cronobacter sakazakii or Salmonella in products produced there. (just-food.com)
  • Cronobacter is found in the environment and can contaminate formula if it is improperly handled, but samples from a routine FDA inspection of the Sturgis plant in September 2019 had turned up Cronobacter , so there were grounds for suspecting the problem originated with Abbott. (insidesources.com)
  • According to the Department of Justice's complaint against the company, Abbott detected Cronobacter in finished product made on two processing lines, in August 2019 and June 2020, as well as in multiple environmental samples. (insidesources.com)
Planktonic1
20211
  • The CFS has collected over 210 samples of infant milk powder for microbiologcial testing (including Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella) in the past three years (2019-2021) under its routine food surveillance programme. (gov.hk)
Pathogens3
  • Powdered infant formula is not a sterile product which may be contaminated with pathogens such as salmonella and Cronobacter sakazakii. (gov.hk)
  • Technical Session 1 - Intervention Strategies] Introduction: Salmonella enterica and Cronobacter sakazakii are foodborne pathogens responsible for severe infant illness. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • All infant formula products are tested for Cronobacter sakazakii, Salmonella and other pathogens and they must test negative before any product is released. (kxan.com)
Meningitis1
  • Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen, which causes necrotizing enterocolitis, bacteriaemia and infant meningitis. (jmbfs.org)
Investigation1
  • More Lyons Magnus products have been recalled from the market, after the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced an investigation for Cronobacter sakazakii and. (nutritioninsight.com)
Sturgis3
  • Following the infant deaths, and a whistleblower report alleging that the company had concealed other positive Cronobacter test results, FDA visited the Sturgis plant again in January of this year, took samples that once again were positive for Cronobacter , and persuaded the company to issue a recall and shut down production. (insidesources.com)
  • Were testing and reporting of Cronobacter cases more prevalent - currently Minnesota is the only state that requires reporting of the bacteria - there might very well be microbiological evidence linking infant deaths and the contamination at Abbott's Sturgis facility. (insidesources.com)
  • However, it did find evidence of Cronobacter sakazakii in non-product contact areas of its Sturgis, Mich., manufacturing facility. (knau.org)
Deadly1
  • According to the CDC, Cronobacter infections are rare, but they can be deadly in newborns. (porcamandioca.com)
Bacillus1
  • Cultures of blood and cerebrospinal fluid yielded Cronobacter sakazakii , a gram-negative pathogenic bacillus. (cdc.gov)
Enterobacteriaceae1
  • sakazakii is much more resistant than other Enterobacteriaceae to environmental stresses. (elsevier.com)
Infant milk1
  • The rejection of infant milk powders contaminated with Cronobacter sakazakii by Chinese regulatory authorities has clearly shown significant limitations in "approved" sampling schemes operated by major companies in both Europe and the US. (dairyscience.info)
Illness1
  • C. sakazakii was cultured from the valves of the personal breast pump kit, 11 frozen EMM samples collected using that pump kit during 7 separate days before illness onset, and the drain of the kitchen sink at the mother's home. (cdc.gov)
Found2
  • Cronobacter sakazakii is a bacteria commonly found in dry environments, like baby formula, and can cause stomach issues as well as urinary tract infections in people of all ages. (classactionlawyertn.com)
  • During inspections that spanned January, February and March, US Food and Drug Administration investigators found Cronobacter sakazakii bacteria in several areas inside the plant, and several types of formula were recalled. (keyt.com)
Methods3
  • When measured microscopically or by cultural methods, significant reductions in adherence (56% and 71%, respectively) of C. sakazakii were observed in the presence of GOS (16 mg/ml). (unl.edu)
  • Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate and understand the impact of drying conditions on survival, physiology, and invasion capacity of Salmonella Typhimurium and C. sakazakii.Methods: Salmonella Typhimurium and C. sakazakii were mixed into whole milk powder and dried at different water activity (aw) levels (0.25, 0.58 and 0.80). (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • Other products are acknowledged as alternative test methods e.g. in the EN series. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
Resistance6
  • sakazakii exhibited unusual resistance to dry stress, which depends on drying media. (elsevier.com)
  • sakazakii has cross-resistance to dry and thermal stresses. (elsevier.com)
  • Effects and molecular mechanism of flagellar gene flgK on the motility, adhesion/invasion, and desiccation resistance of Cronobacter sakazakii. (bvsalud.org)
  • Interestingly, flagellar assembly gene deletion showed increased resistance of C. sakazakii to dehydration . (bvsalud.org)
  • qRT- PCR analysis of the RNA-seq data further indicated that the flgK gene played an important role in the environmental stress resistance of C. sakazakii by up-regulating the formate dehydrogenase , betaine synthesis, and arginine deiminase pathways, due to dynamic proton imbalance caused by lack of flagella . (bvsalud.org)
  • This study facilitates our understanding of the roles of flgK in motion -related functions and the molecular mechanism of desiccation resistance in C. sakazakii. (bvsalud.org)
Positive2
  • The FDA stated it has initiated an onsite inspection at the facility and its findings to date include several positive Cronobacter sakazakii results from environmental samples taken and adverse inspectional observations by the FDA investigators. (classactionlawyertn.com)
  • Findings to date include several positive Cronobacter sakazakii results from environmental samples taken by the FDA and adverse inspectional observations by the FDA investigators. (govdelivery.com)
Deaths1
  • All five resulted in hospitalization, and Cronobacter may have contributed to two total deaths, the FDA says . (kxan.com)
Samples1
  • Recently tested samples from the above lots were also negative for Cronobacter. (kxan.com)
Presence1
  • The FDA also revealed that its review of Abbott's internal records indicated "environmental contamination with Cronobacter and the company's destruction of the product due to the presence of Cronobacter. (legalaidua.com)
Significantly2
  • Results showed that the adherence of C. sakazakii was significantly reduced at a minimum concentration of 10 mg/ml. (unl.edu)
  • Advances in cultural/molecular detection and subtyping techniques have significantly improved the identification and characterisation of Cronobacter spp. (uzh.ch)
Cases1
  • All four cases related to these complaints were hospitalized and Cronobacter may have contributed to a death in one case. (classactionlawyertn.com)
Rare1
  • Cronobacter infections are rare, but they can be life-threatening in newborns. (cdc.gov)
Strategies1
  • sakazakii, which will lead to improved strategies for preventing outbreaks of Ent. (elsevier.com)
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