Crispr associated proteins. Medical search

Repetitive nucleic acid sequences that are principal components of the archaeal and bacterial CRISPR-CAS SYSTEMS, which function as adaptive antiviral defense systems.

Copies of nucleic acid sequence that are arranged in opposing orientation. They may lie adjacent to each other (tandem) or be separated by some sequence that is not part of the repeat (hyphenated). They may be true palindromic repeats, i.e. read the same backwards as forward, or complementary which reads as the base complement in the opposite orientation. Complementary inverted repeats have the potential to form hairpin loop or stem-loop structures which results in cruciform structures (such as CRUCIFORM DNA) when the complementary inverted repeats occur in double stranded regions.

Protein components of the CRISPR-CAS SYSTEMS for anti-viral defense in ARCHAEA and BACTERIA. These are proteins that carry out a variety of functions during the creation and expansion of the CRISPR ARRAYS, the capture of new CRISPR SPACERS, biogenesis of SMALL INTERFERING RNA (CRISPR or crRNAs), and the targeting and silencing of invading viruses and plasmids. They include DNA HELICASES; RNA-BINDING PROTEINS; ENDONUCLEASES; and RNA and DNA POLYMERASES.

Adaptive antiviral defense mechanisms, in archaea and bacteria, based on DNA repeat arrays called CLUSTERED REGULARLY INTERSPACED SHORT PALINDROMIC REPEATS (CRISPR elements) that function in conjunction with CRISPR-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS (Cas proteins). Several types have been distinguished, including Type I, Type II, and Type III, based on signature motifs of CRISPR-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS.

Any of the DNA in between gene-coding DNA, including untranslated regions, 5' and 3' flanking regions, INTRONS, non-functional pseudogenes, and non-functional repetitive sequences. This DNA may or may not encode regulatory functions.

A species of thermophilic, gram-positive bacteria found in MILK and milk products.

Small kinetoplastid mitochondrial RNA that plays a major role in RNA EDITING. These molecules form perfect hybrids with edited mRNA sequences and possess nucleotide sequences at their 5'-ends that are complementary to the sequences of the mRNA's immediately downstream of the pre-edited regions.

Ribonucleic acid in archaea having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

A reaction that severs one of the sugar-phosphate linkages of the phosphodiester backbone of RNA. It is catalyzed enzymatically, chemically, or by radiation. Cleavage may be exonucleolytic, or endonucleolytic.

A species of thermoacidophilic ARCHAEA in the family Sulfolobaceae, found in volcanic areas where the temperature is about 80 degrees C and SULFUR is present.

Viruses whose hosts are in the domain ARCHAEA.

A genus of gram-negative bacteria in the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE consisting of species that profusely produce pectinolytic enzymes in plant pathogenesis.

The genetic complement of an archaeal organism (ARCHAEA) as represented in its DNA.

Viruses whose host is Streptococcus.

Viruses whose hosts are bacterial cells.

A reaction that severs one of the covalent sugar-phosphate linkages between NUCLEOTIDES that compose the sugar phosphate backbone of DNA. It is catalyzed enzymatically, chemically or by radiation. Cleavage may be exonucleolytic - removing the end nucleotide, or endonucleolytic - splitting the strand in two.

Sequences of DNA or RNA that occur in multiple copies. There are several types: INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE SEQUENCES are copies of transposable elements (DNA TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS or RETROELEMENTS) dispersed throughout the genome. TERMINAL REPEAT SEQUENCES flank both ends of another sequence, for example, the long terminal repeats (LTRs) on RETROVIRUSES. Variations may be direct repeats, those occurring in the same direction, or inverted repeats, those opposite to each other in direction. TANDEM REPEAT SEQUENCES are copies which lie adjacent to each other, direct or inverted (INVERTED REPEAT SEQUENCES).

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in archaea.

Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

The genetic complement of a BACTERIA as represented in its DNA.

Genomes of temperate BACTERIOPHAGES integrated into the DNA of their bacterial host cell. The prophages can be duplicated for many cell generations until some stimulus induces its activation and virulence.

Proteins found in any species of archaeon.

Viruses whose host is Pseudomonas. A frequently encountered Pseudomonas phage is BACTERIOPHAGE PHI 6.

A species of strictly anaerobic, hyperthermophilic archaea which lives in geothermally-heated marine sediments. It exhibits heterotropic growth by fermentation or sulfur respiration.

One of the three domains of life (the others being BACTERIA and Eukarya), formerly called Archaebacteria under the taxon Bacteria, but now considered separate and distinct. They are characterized by: (1) the presence of characteristic tRNAs and ribosomal RNAs; (2) the absence of peptidoglycan cell walls; (3) the presence of ether-linked lipids built from branched-chain subunits; and (4) their occurrence in unusual habitats. While archaea resemble bacteria in morphology and genomic organization, they resemble eukarya in their method of genomic replication. The domain contains at least four kingdoms: CRENARCHAEOTA; EURYARCHAEOTA; NANOARCHAEOTA; and KORARCHAEOTA.

A genus of obligately anaerobic ARCHAEA, in the family THERMOPROTEACEAE. They are found in acidic hot springs and water holes.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.

Specific regions that are mapped within a GENOME. Genetic loci are usually identified with a shorthand notation that indicates the chromosome number and the position of a specific band along the P or Q arm of the chromosome where they are found. For example the locus 6p21 is found within band 21 of the P-arm of CHROMOSOME 6. Many well known genetic loci are also known by common names that are associated with a genetic function or HEREDITARY DISEASE.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Post-transcriptional biological modification of messenger, transfer, or ribosomal RNAs or their precursors. It includes cleavage, methylation, thiolation, isopentenylation, pseudouridine formation, conformational changes, and association with ribosomal protein.

Commonly observed BASE SEQUENCE or nucleotide structural components which can be represented by a CONSENSUS SEQUENCE or a SEQUENCE LOGO.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

An order of strictly anaerobic, thermophilic archaea, in the kingdom EURYARCHAEOTA. Members exhibit heterotropic growth by sulfur respiration. There is a single family THERMOCOCCACEAE.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

A species of gram-positive, thermophilic, cellulolytic bacteria in the family Clostridaceae. It degrades and ferments CELLOBIOSE and CELLULOSE to ETHANOL in the CELLULOSOME.

A species of halophilic archaea found in the Mediterranean Sea. It produces bacteriocins active against a range of other halobacteria.

A species of gram-negative hyperthermophilic ARCHAEA found in deep ocean hydrothermal vents. It is an obligate anaerobe and obligate chemoorganotroph.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of archaea.

A species of gram-negative bacteria, in the genus ERWINIA, causing a necrotic disease of plants.

Cells lacking a nuclear membrane so that the nuclear material is either scattered in the cytoplasm or collected in a nucleoid region.

A congenital abnormality in which the occipitofrontal circumference is greater than two standard deviations above the mean for a given age. It is associated with HYDROCEPHALUS; SUBDURAL EFFUSION; ARACHNOID CYSTS; or is part of a genetic condition (e.g., ALEXANDER DISEASE; SOTOS SYNDROME).

The naturally occurring transmission of genetic information between organisms, related or unrelated, circumventing parent-to-offspring transmission. Horizontal gene transfer may occur via a variety of naturally occurring processes such as GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; and TRANSFECTION. It may result in a change of the recipient organism's genetic composition (TRANSFORMATION, GENETIC).

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

A species of gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria belonging to the K serogroup of ESCHERICHIA COLI. It lives as a harmless inhabitant of the human LARGE INTESTINE and is widely used in medical and GENETIC RESEARCH.

Directed modification of the gene complement of a living organism by such techniques as altering the DNA, substituting genetic material by means of a virus, transplanting whole nuclei, transplanting cell hybrids, etc.

A genus of HALOBACTERIACEAE distinguished from other genera in the family by the presence of specific derivatives of TGD-2 polar lipids. Haloarcula are found in neutral saline environments such as salt lakes, marine salterns, and saline soils.

The genomic analysis of assemblages of organisms.

A genus of aerobic, chemolithotrophic, coccoid ARCHAEA whose organisms are thermoacidophilic. Its cells are highly irregular in shape, often lobed, but occasionally spherical. It has worldwide distribution with organisms isolated from hot acidic soils and water. Sulfur is used as an energy source.

The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.

Copies of transposable elements interspersed throughout the genome, some of which are still active and often referred to as "jumping genes". There are two classes of interspersed repetitive elements. Class I elements (or RETROELEMENTS - such as retrotransposons, retroviruses, LONG INTERSPERSED NUCLEOTIDE ELEMENTS and SHORT INTERSPERSED NUCLEOTIDE ELEMENTS) transpose via reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate. Class II elements (or DNA TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS - such as transposons, Tn elements, insertion sequence elements and mobile gene cassettes of bacterial integrons) transpose directly from one site in the DNA to another.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

A family of enzymes that catalyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA. It includes EC 3.1.26.-, EC 3.1.27.-, EC 3.1.30.-, and EC 3.1.31.-.

A genus of gram-positive, endospore-forming, thermophilic bacteria in the family BACILLACEAE.

Family of rod-shaped DNA viruses infecting ARCHAEA. They lack viral envelopes or lipids.

Genus of bacteria in the family PASTEURELLACEAE, comprising multiple species that do not ferment trehalose. Species include MANNHEIMIA HAEMOLYTICA; M. glucosida, M. granulomatis, M. ruminalis, and M. varigena.

The rose plant family in the order ROSALES and class Magnoliopsida. They are generally woody plants. A number of the species of this family contain cyanogenic compounds.

A species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS that is a spherical, non-motile, gram-positive, chemoorganotrophic, facultative anaerobe. Mainly found on the skin and mucous membrane of warm-blooded animals, it can be primary pathogen or secondary invader.

Enzymes which catalyze the hydrolases of ester bonds within DNA. EC 3.1.-.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

A kingdom in the domain ARCHAEA comprised of thermoacidophilic, sulfur-dependent organisms. The two orders are SULFOLOBALES and THERMOPROTEALES.

Minute infectious agents whose genomes are composed of DNA or RNA, but not both. They are characterized by a lack of independent metabolism and the inability to replicate outside living host cells.

A sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide or of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is similar across multiple species. A known set of conserved sequences is represented by a CONSENSUS SEQUENCE. AMINO ACID MOTIFS are often composed of conserved sequences.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.

Habitat of hot water naturally heated by underlying geologic processes. Surface hot springs have been used for BALNEOLOGY. Underwater hot springs are called HYDROTHERMAL VENTS.

The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.

Repair of DNA DAMAGE by exchange of DNA between matching sequences, usually between the allelic DNA (ALLELES) of sister chromatids.

A species of halophilic archaea found in the Dead Sea.

The integration of exogenous DNA into the genome of an organism at sites where its expression can be suitably controlled. This integration occurs as a result of homologous recombination.

A species of extremophilic bacteria in the family Thermotogaceae. Generally anaerobic but in the presence of OXYGEN, it can produce hydrogen gas as a byproduct of metabolism.

Techniques used to add in exogenous gene sequence such as mutated genes; REPORTER GENES, to study mechanisms of gene expression; or regulatory control sequences, to study effects of temporal changes to GENE EXPRESSION.

The phenomenon by which a temperate phage incorporates itself into the DNA of a bacterial host, establishing a kind of symbiotic relation between PROPHAGE and bacterium which results in the perpetuation of the prophage in all the descendants of the bacterium. Upon induction (VIRUS ACTIVATION) by various agents, such as ultraviolet radiation, the phage is released, which then becomes virulent and lyses the bacterium.

Direct nucleotide sequencing of gene fragments from multiple housekeeping genes for the purpose of phylogenetic analysis, organism identification, and typing of species, strain, serovar, or other distinguishable phylogenetic level.

A species in the genus GARDNERELLA previously classified as Haemophilus vaginalis. This bacterium, also isolated from the female genital tract of healthy women, is implicated in the cause of bacterial vaginosis (VAGINOSIS, BACTERIAL).

A group of enzymes catalyzing the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA. They include members of EC 3.1.21.-, EC 3.1.22.-, EC 3.1.23.- (DNA RESTRICTION ENZYMES), EC 3.1.24.- (DNA RESTRICTION ENZYMES), and EC 3.1.25.-.

The genetic complement of an organism, including all of its GENES, as represented in its DNA, or in some cases, its RNA.

A mutation named with the blend of insertion and deletion. It refers to a length difference between two ALLELES where it is unknowable if the difference was originally caused by a SEQUENCE INSERTION or by a SEQUENCE DELETION. If the number of nucleotides in the insertion/deletion is not divisible by three, and it occurs in a protein coding region, it is also a FRAMESHIFT MUTATION.

Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population.

The functional genetic units of ARCHAEA.

An enzyme that activates histidine with its specific transfer RNA. EC 6.1.1.21.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria isolated from skin lesions, blood, inflammatory exudates, and the upper respiratory tract of humans. It is a group A hemolytic Streptococcus that can cause SCARLET FEVER and RHEUMATIC FEVER.

The sequential location of genes on a chromosome.

A form-genus of CYANOBACTERIA in the order Chroococcales. Many species are planktonic and possess gas vacuoles.

Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the internal bonds and thereby the formation of polynucleotides or oligonucleotides from ribo- or deoxyribonucleotide chains. EC 3.1.-.

Production of new arrangements of DNA by various mechanisms such as assortment and segregation, CROSSING OVER; GENE CONVERSION; GENETIC TRANSFORMATION; GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; or mixed infection of viruses.

Strains of ESCHERICHIA COLI that are a subgroup of SHIGA-TOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI. They cause non-bloody and bloody DIARRHEA; HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME; and hemorrhagic COLITIS. An important member of this subgroup is ESCHERICHIA COLI O157-H7.

A polynucleotide consisting essentially of chains with a repeating backbone of phosphate and ribose units to which nitrogenous bases are attached. RNA is unique among biological macromolecules in that it can encode genetic information, serve as an abundant structural component of cells, and also possesses catalytic activity. (Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)

Pairing of purine and pyrimidine bases by HYDROGEN BONDING in double-stranded DNA or RNA.

Deletion of sequences of nucleic acids from the genetic material of an individual.

The interactions between a host and a pathogen, usually resulting in disease.

A species of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria found in hot springs of neutral to alkaline pH, as well as in hot-water heaters.

A temperate inducible phage and type species of the genus lambda-like viruses, in the family SIPHOVIRIDAE. Its natural host is E. coli K12. Its VIRION contains linear double-stranded DNA with single-stranded 12-base 5' sticky ends. The DNA circularizes on infection.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

A natural association between organisms that is detrimental to at least one of them. This often refers to the production of chemicals by one microorganism that is harmful to another.

Distinct units in some bacterial, bacteriophage or plasmid GENOMES that are types of MOBILE GENETIC ELEMENTS. Encoded in them are a variety of fitness conferring genes, such as VIRULENCE FACTORS (in "pathogenicity islands or islets"), ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE genes, or genes required for SYMBIOSIS (in "symbiosis islands or islets"). They range in size from 10 - 500 kilobases, and their GC CONTENT and CODON usage differ from the rest of the genome. They typically contain an INTEGRASE gene, although in some cases this gene has been deleted resulting in "anchored genomic islands".

Proteins obtained from ESCHERICHIA COLI.

Techniques to alter a gene sequence that result in an inactivated gene, or one in which the expression can be inactivated at a chosen time during development to study the loss of function of a gene.

Protection from an infectious disease agent that is mediated by B- and T- LYMPHOCYTES following exposure to specific antigen, and characterized by IMMUNOLOGIC MEMORY. It can result from either previous infection with that agent or vaccination (IMMUNITY, ACTIVE), or transfer of antibody or lymphocytes from an immune donor (IMMUNIZATION, PASSIVE).

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, sequencing, and information analysis of an RNA SEQUENCE.

A set of statistical methods used to group variables or observations into strongly inter-related subgroups. In epidemiology, it may be used to analyze a closely grouped series of events or cases of disease or other health-related phenomenon with well-defined distribution patterns in relation to time or place or both.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.

Process of generating a genetic MUTATION. It may occur spontaneously or be induced by MUTAGENS.

Using MOLECULAR BIOLOGY techniques, such as DNA SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; PULSED-FIELD GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; and DNA FINGERPRINTING, to identify, classify, and compare organisms and their subtypes.

A genus of anaerobic coccoid METHANOCOCCACEAE whose organisms are motile by means of polar tufts of flagella. These methanogens are found in salt marshes, marine and estuarine sediments, and the intestinal tract of animals.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

The region of an enzyme that interacts with its substrate to cause the enzymatic reaction.

A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

A species of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens (wound, burn, and urinary tract infections). It is also found widely distributed in soil and water. P. aeruginosa is a major agent of nosocomial infection.

The complete genetic complement contained in a DNA or RNA molecule in a virus.

A collective genome representative of the many organisms, primarily microorganisms, existing in a community.

The spatial arrangement of the atoms of a nucleic acid or polynucleotide that results in its characteristic 3-dimensional shape.

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.

Changes in biological features that help an organism cope with its ENVIRONMENT. These changes include physiological (ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL), phenotypic and genetic changes.

The etiologic agent of PLAGUE in man, rats, ground squirrels, and other rodents.

The heritable modification of the properties of a competent bacterium by naked DNA from another source. The uptake of naked DNA is a naturally occuring phenomenon in some bacteria. It is often used as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.

Techniques of nucleotide sequence analysis that increase the range, complexity, sensitivity, and accuracy of results by greatly increasing the scale of operations and thus the number of nucleotides, and the number of copies of each nucleotide sequenced. The sequencing may be done by analysis of the synthesis or ligation products, hybridization to preexisting sequences, etc.

The addition of descriptive information about the function or structure of a molecular sequence to its MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA record.

The study of crystal structure using X-RAY DIFFRACTION techniques. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Chromosomal, biochemical, intracellular, and other methods used in the study of genetics.

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

Ability of a microbe to survive under given conditions. This can also be related to a colony's ability to replicate.

The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.

An endoribonuclease that is specific for double-stranded RNA. It plays a role in POST-TRANSCRIPTIONAL RNA PROCESSING of pre-RIBOSOMAL RNA and a variety of other RNA structures that contain double-stranded regions.

The degree of 3-dimensional shape similarity between proteins. It can be an indication of distant AMINO ACID SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY and used for rational DRUG DESIGN.

Nonsusceptibility to the invasive or pathogenic effects of foreign microorganisms or to the toxic effect of antigenic substances.

Insertion of viral DNA into host-cell DNA. This includes integration of phage DNA into bacterial DNA; (LYSOGENY); to form a PROPHAGE or integration of retroviral DNA into cellular DNA to form a PROVIRUS.

The systematic study of the complete DNA sequences (GENOME) of organisms.

The extent to which an RNA molecule retains its structural integrity and resists degradation by RNASE, and base-catalyzed HYDROLYSIS, under changing in vivo or in vitro conditions.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Change brought about to an organisms genetic composition by unidirectional transfer (TRANSFECTION; TRANSDUCTION, GENETIC; CONJUGATION, GENETIC, etc.) and incorporation of foreign DNA into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells by recombination of part or all of that DNA into the cell's genome.

Interruption or suppression of the expression of a gene at transcriptional or translational levels.

Proteins that catalyze the unwinding of duplex DNA during replication by binding cooperatively to single-stranded regions of DNA or to short regions of duplex DNA that are undergoing transient opening. In addition DNA helicases are DNA-dependent ATPases that harness the free energy of ATP hydrolysis to translocate DNA strands.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A long pro-domain caspase that contains a caspase recruitment domain in its pro-domain region. Caspase 9 is activated during cell stress by mitochondria-derived proapoptotic factors and by CARD SIGNALING ADAPTOR PROTEINS such as APOPTOTIC PROTEASE-ACTIVATING FACTOR 1. It activates APOPTOSIS by cleaving and activating EFFECTOR CASPASES.

A parasexual process in BACTERIA; ALGAE; FUNGI; and ciliate EUKARYOTA for achieving exchange of chromosome material during fusion of two cells. In bacteria, this is a uni-directional transfer of genetic material; in protozoa it is a bi-directional exchange. In algae and fungi, it is a form of sexual reproduction, with the union of male and female gametes.

RNA molecules which hybridize to complementary sequences in either RNA or DNA altering the function of the latter. Endogenous antisense RNAs function as regulators of gene expression by a variety of mechanisms. Synthetic antisense RNAs are used to effect the functioning of specific genes for investigative or therapeutic purposes.

A type of mutation in which a number of NUCLEOTIDES deleted from or inserted into a protein coding sequence is not divisible by three, thereby causing an alteration in the READING FRAMES of the entire coding sequence downstream of the mutation. These mutations may be induced by certain types of MUTAGENS or may occur spontaneously.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping.

The first nucleotide of a transcribed DNA sequence where RNA polymerase (DNA-DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASE) begins synthesizing the RNA transcript.

RNA transcripts of the DNA that are in some unfinished stage of post-transcriptional processing (RNA PROCESSING, POST-TRANSCRIPTIONAL) required for function. RNA precursors may undergo several steps of RNA SPLICING during which the phosphodiester bonds at exon-intron boundaries are cleaved and the introns are excised. Consequently a new bond is formed between the ends of the exons. Resulting mature RNAs can then be used; for example, mature mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER) is used as a template for protein production.

A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria whose organisms occur in pairs or chains. No endospores are produced. Many species exist as commensals or parasites on man or animals with some being highly pathogenic. A few species are saprophytes and occur in the natural environment.

A cell line generated from human embryonic kidney cells that were transformed with human adenovirus type 5.

An electrophoretic technique for assaying the binding of one compound to another. Typically one compound is labeled to follow its mobility during electrophoresis. If the labeled compound is bound by the other compound, then the mobility of the labeled compound through the electrophoretic medium will be retarded.

A gene silencing phenomenon whereby specific dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) trigger the degradation of homologous mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER). The specific dsRNAs are processed into SMALL INTERFERING RNA (siRNA) which serves as a guide for cleavage of the homologous mRNA in the RNA-INDUCED SILENCING COMPLEX. DNA METHYLATION may also be triggered during this process.

The sequence at the 5' end of the messenger RNA that does not code for product. This sequence contains the ribosome binding site and other transcription and translation regulating sequences.

A polysaccharide-producing species of STREPTOCOCCUS isolated from human dental plaque.

A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that utilizes citrate as a sole carbon source. It is pathogenic for humans, causing enteric fevers, gastroenteritis, and bacteremia. Food poisoning is the most common clinical manifestation. Organisms within this genus are separated on the basis of antigenic characteristics, sugar fermentation patterns, and bacteriophage susceptibility.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

An exotic species of the family CYPRINIDAE, originally from Asia, that has been introduced in North America. They are used in embryological studies and to study the effects of certain chemicals on development.

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.

Single chains of amino acids that are the units of multimeric PROTEINS. Multimeric proteins can be composed of identical or non-identical subunits. One or more monomeric subunits may compose a protomer which itself is a subunit structure of a larger assembly.

A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.

The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

Sequential operating programs and data which instruct the functioning of a digital computer.

The level of protein structure in which regular hydrogen-bond interactions within contiguous stretches of polypeptide chain give rise to alpha helices, beta strands (which align to form beta sheets) or other types of coils. This is the first folding level of protein conformation.

Sequence- and structure-specific RNA processing by a CRISPR endonuclease. (1/48)

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A dual function of the CRISPR-Cas system in bacterial antivirus immunity and DNA repair. (2/48)

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CRISPR immunity relies on the consecutive binding and degradation of negatively supercoiled invader DNA by Cascade and Cas3. (3/48)

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Csy4 relies on an unusual catalytic dyad to position and cleave CRISPR RNA. (4/48)

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Function and regulation of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) / CRISPR associated (Cas) systems. (5/48)

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Genetic determinants of PAM-dependent DNA targeting and pre-crRNA processing in Sulfolobus islandicus. (6/48)

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RcsB-BglJ-mediated activation of Cascade operon does not induce the maturation of CRISPR RNAs in E. coli K12. (7/48)

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Comparative analysis ofCas6b processing and CRISPR RNA stability. (8/48)

The prokaryotic antiviral defense systems CRISP R (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas (CRISP Rassociated) employs short crRNAs (CRISP R RNAs) to target invading viral nucleic acids. A short spacer sequence of these crRNAs can be derived from a viral genome and recognizes a reoccurring attack of a virus via base complementarity. We analyzed the effect of spacer sequences on the maturation of crRNAs of the subtype I-B Methanococcus maripaludis C5 CRISP R cluster. The responsible endonuclease, termed Cas6b, bound non-hydrolyzable repeat RNA as a dimer and mature crRNA as a monomer. Comparative analysis of Cas6b processing of individual spacer-repeat-spacer RNA substrates and crRNA stability revealed the potential influence of spacer sequence and length on these parameters. Correlation of these observations with the variable abundance of crRNAs visualized by deep-sequencing analyses is discussed. Finally, insertion of spacer and repeat sequences with archaeal poly-T termination signals is suggested to be prevented in archaeal CRISP R/Cas systems. (+info)

... due to the fact that each anti-CRISPR protein inhibits a specific CRISPR-Cas system. Although not many anti-CRISPR proteins ... The principal function of anti-CRISPR proteins is to interact with specific components of CRISPR-Cas systems, such as the ... The procedure starts with the CRISPR locus being transcribed into crRNAs (CRISPR RNA). CrRNAs combine with Cas proteins forming ... April 2019). "Diverse Mechanisms of CRISPR-Cas9 Inhibition by Type IIC Anti-CRISPR Proteins". Molecular Cell. 74 (2): 296-309. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-CRISPR

CRISPR also utilizes single base-pair editing proteins to create specific edits at one or two bases in the target sequence. ... It made CRISPR/Cas9 system even more interesting in gene editing. Inactive dCas9 protein modulate gene expression by targeting ... "Protein tweak makes CRISPR gene editing 4,000 times less error-prone". New Atlas. 2022-03-04. Retrieved 2022-03-07. Kato K, ... Alternative proteins to Cas9 include the following: CRISPR-Cas9 offers a high degree of fidelity and relatively simple ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRISPR_gene_editing

In July 2021, CRISPR gene editing of hiPSC's was used to study the role of MBNL proteins associated with DM1. CRISPR associated ... Anti-CRISPR CRISPR/Cas Tools CRISPR gene editing The CRISPR Journal DRACO Gene knockout Genetics Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 ... Cas9 (or "CRISPR-associated protein 9") is an enzyme that uses CRISPR sequences as a guide to recognize and cleave specific ... Most CRISPR-Cas systems have a Cas1 protein. The phylogeny of Cas1 proteins generally agrees with the classification system, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRISPR

CRISPR-associated protein 1 (cas1) is one of the two universally conserved proteins found in the CRISPR prokaryotic immune ... the proteins responsible for the ability of the CRISPR immune system (CRISPR means: clustered regularly interspaced short ... "Researchers discover how CRISPR proteins find their target". 20 July 2017. Rollins, MaryClare F.; Chowdhury, Saikat; Carter, ... Cas1 forms a stable complex with the other universally conserved CRISPR-associated protein, cas2, which is essential to spacer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cas1

Recently, Vakoc has developed a CRISPR screening approach to identify the protein domains that are most important for cancer ... Rood, Jenny (2015-05-13). "Targeting Protein Domains with CRISPR". The Scientist. Retrieved 2020-05-01. Howley, Elaine K. (2018 ... Vakoc uses CRISPR/Cas9 technology to probe the epigenetic regulation of cancer and to identify new cancer drug targets. In 2011 ... 12). "What's the likelihood that CRISPR will cure Cancer?". U.S. News & World Report. Archived from the original on 2018-09-13 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Vakoc

This is a key function in the CRISPR system as it ensures that new spacers area always added at the beginning of the CRISPR ... Following elution, the protein readily binds DNA, indicating the protein's high affinity for DNA. Histone-like proteins were ... Histone-like proteins are present in many Eubacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Archaebacteria. These proteins participate in all DNA- ... Wang SL, Liu XQ (December 1991). "The plastid genome of Cryptomonas phi encodes an hsp70-like protein, a histone-like protein, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_DNA_binding_protein

"CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes". Protein & Cell. 6 (5): 363-72. doi:10.1007/s13238-015-0153-5 ... Protein & Cell is a monthly peer-reviewed open access journal covering protein and cell biology. It was established in 2010 and ... "Protein & Cell". 2018 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Science ed.). Thomson Reuters. 2019. Liang, Puping; Xu, Yanwen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_&_Cell

"CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes". Protein & Cell. 6 (5): 363-72. doi:10.1007/s13238-015-0153-5 ... In general, only the parts of the gene that code for the expressed protein (exons) and small amounts of the flanking ... On 19 March 2015, scientists urged a worldwide ban on clinical use of methods, particularly the use of CRISPR and zinc finger, ... In February 2016, British scientists were given permission by regulators to genetically modify human embryos by using CRISPR ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_genetics

May 2015). "CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes". Protein & Cell. 6 (5): 363-372. doi:10.1007/ ... adapted from CRISPR). TALEN and CRISPR are the two most commonly used and each has its own advantages. TALENs have greater ... so that they will overexpress the desired protein. Mass quantities of the protein can then be manufactured by growing the ... In 2015, CRISPR was used to edit the DNA of non-viable human embryos, leading scientists of major world academies to call for a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineering

May 2015). "CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes". Protein & Cell. 6 (5): 363-372. doi:10.1007/ ... 2002), I.3. Proteins: The Shape and Structure of Proteins Alberts et al. (2002), I.3. Proteins: Protein Function Archived 25 ... Some are simple structural molecules, like the fibers formed by the protein collagen. Proteins can bind to other proteins and ... without changing the structure of the protein itself). Protein structure is dynamic; the protein hemoglobin bends into slightly ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics

May 2015). "CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes". Protein & Cell. 6 (5): 363-372. doi:10.1007/ ... The T cells had the PD-1 protein (which stops or slows the immune response) removed using CRISPR-Cas9. A 2016 Cochrane ... "News: Clinical Trial Update: Positive Data for First Ever In Vivo CRISPR Medicine". CRISPR Medicine. Retrieved 16 December 2021 ... protein in serum through CRISPR-based inactivation of the TTR gene in liver cells observing mean reductions of 52% and 87% ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_therapy

"CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes". Protein & Cell. 6 (5): 363-372. doi:10.1007/s13238-015-0153- ... TALENs have greater target specificity, while CRISPR is easier to design and more efficient. The development of the CRISPR-Cas9 ... There is also potential to use the silk producing machinery to make other valuable proteins. Proteins expressed by silkworms ... adapted from CRISPR). TALEN and CRISPR are the two most commonly used and each has its own advantages. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetically_modified_animal

"CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes". Protein & Cell. 6 (5): 363-72. doi:10.1007/s13238-015-0153-5 ... Defying textbook science, amino acids (the building blocks of a protein) can be assembled by another protein and without ... 2 January - A study published in Science shows evidence that a protein partially assembles another protein without genetic ... Researchers identify a protein on tiny particles, GPC1+ crExos, released by pancreatic cancer cells, which may help in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_in_science

CRISPR-Cas9, which is short for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9, is ... "CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes". Protein & Cell. 6 (5): 363-372. doi:10.1007/s13238-015-0153- ... "CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes". Protein & Cell. 6 (5): 363-372. doi:10.1007/s13238-015-0153- ... "CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes". Protein & Cell. 6 (5): 363-372. doi:10.1007/s13238-015-0153- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_germline_engineering

"CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes". Protein & Cell. 6 (5): 363-372. doi:10.1007/s13238-015-0153- ... Methods: CRISPR methods are a popularly used type of the aforementioned process of genome editing. Standing for 'Clustered ... No matter the origins of such variation at the genetic level, it clearly impacts the creation and interaction of proteins, ... Fast-paced developments in the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology has increased both the concerns and relevance of this ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modifications_(genetics)

"CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes". Protein & Cell. 6 (5): 363-372. doi:10.1007/s13238-015-0153- ... The majority of these products are human proteins for use in medicine. Many of these proteins are impossible or difficult to ... There is also potential to use the silk producing machinery to make other valuable proteins. Proteins currently developed to be ... adapted from CRISPR). TALEN and CRISPR are the two most commonly used and each has its own advantages. TALENs have greater ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetically_modified_organism

Its small size leads to a rapid knock-in of this tag with other proteins through CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Affinity purification ... Protein tags are peptide sequences genetically grafted onto a recombinant protein. Tags are attached to proteins for various ... a protein which binds to immobilized glutathione Green fluorescent protein-tag, a protein which is spontaneously fluorescent ... This tag is used for protein purification of recombinant proteins and its fragments. It can be used in research labs and it is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_tag

CRISPR can be used to target the virus or the host to disrupt genes encoding the virus cell-surface receptor proteins. In ... There are now more publications on CRISPR than ZFN and TALEN despite how recent the discovery of CRISPR is. Both CRISPR and ... Using the CRISPR-Cas9 system, the programmed Cas9 protein and the sgRNA can be directly introduced into fertilized zygotes to ... Cas (CRISPR associated proteins) process these sequences and cut matching viral DNA sequences. By introducing plasmids ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genome_editing

Thus, the MS2 protein is engineered to include p65 and HSF1 proteins. The MS2-p65-HSF1 fusion protein interacts with the dCas9- ... CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) is a type of CRISPR tool that uses modified versions of CRISPR effectors without endonuclease ... "CRISPR/Cas9 Guide". Addgene. Ma, J. (August 2011). Transcriptional activators and activation mechanisms. Protein and Cell, 2(11 ... Not only was there a greater CXCR4 protein overexpression but also CXCR4 proteins were active to further travel on the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRISPR_activation

October 2015). "CETCh-seq: CRISPR epitope tagging ChIP-seq of DNA-binding proteins". Genome Research. 25 (10): 1581-9. doi: ... DNA-binding proteins and nucleosome position". Nature Methods. 10 (12): 1213-8. doi:10.1038/nmeth.2688. PMC 3959825. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATAC-seq

May 2019). "Multiplexed detection of proteins, transcriptomes, clonotypes and CRISPR perturbations in single cells". Nature ... March 2017). "Pooled CRISPR screening with single-cell transcriptome readout". Nature Methods. 14 (3): 297-301. doi:10.1038/ ... December 2016). "Dissecting Immune Circuits by Linking CRISPR-Pooled Screens with Single-Cell RNA-Seq". Cell. 167 (7): 1883- ... January 2019). "Coupled Single-Cell CRISPR Screening and Epigenomic Profiling Reveals Causal Gene Regulatory Networks". Cell. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_single_cell_omics_methods

CRISPR Medicine. Retrieved 2022-03-13. Mayer, Kevin (2020-07-16). "Tiny Cas Protein, Huge Gene Editing Potential … Thanks, ... He led the discovery of the largest known bacteriophages, the smallest CRISPR gene editing systems, and Borgs in methane- ... S, Robert; ers; relations,, Media (2020-07-16). "Megaphages harbor mini-Cas proteins ideal for gene editing". Berkeley News. ... "News: Tiny but Mighty: How Researchers Found a New Game-Changing CRISPR Tool". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basem_Al-Shayeb

In addition to these protein coding genes, Methanocaldococcus sp. FS406-22 has 36 pseudogenes and a total of 23 CRISPR loci. ... The phylogenetic analysis of nitrogenous and chlorophyll iron proteins suggests that an ancestral iron protein duplicated and ... This strain has the highest number of CRISPR loci of all sequenced isolates to date. It also has a GC-content of 32.04%. The ... 3( Gerday C, Glansdorff N, Eds.).:231-255., Oxford: Eolss Publishers Co Ltd Rath, Devashish (2015). "The CRISPR-Cas immune ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanocaldococcus_sp._FS406-22

"CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Fluorescent Tagging of Endogenous Proteins in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells". Current Protocols in Human ... Fluorescent tagging uses a gene encoding a fluorescent protein that is inserted into the coding frame of the protein to be ... Much of the growth in the field has come from improved gene editing tools such as CRISPR, this leading to development of a wide ... In any live single cell study, the first step is to introduce a reporter for our protein/molecule of interest into a suitable ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live_single-cell_imaging

April 2020). "Glia-to-Neuron Conversion by CRISPR-CasRx Alleviates Symptoms of Neurological Disease in Mice". Cell. 181 (3): ... Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein, also known as PTB or hnRNP I, is an RNA-binding protein. PTB functions mainly as a ... Protein pages needing a picture, Genes on human chromosome 19, Genes on human chromosome 1, All stub articles, Protein stubs). ... polypyrimidine+tract-binding+protein at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) v t e (Articles ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polypyrimidine_tract-binding_protein

Ma H, Dang Y, Wu Y, Jia G, Anaya E, Zhang J, Abraham S, Choi JG, Shi G, Qi L, Manjunath N, Wu H (July 2015). "A CRISPR-Based ... TPRs have been shown to mediate protein-protein interactions and can be found in a large variety of proteins of diverse ... EMC2 contains three tetratricopeptide repeat domains (TRPs). TRPs have been shown to mediate protein-protein interaction and ... The endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex (EMC) is a putative endoplasmic reticulum-resident membrane protein (co-) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulum_membrane_protein_complex

Lastly, the ancillary domain helps with regulation of the gene and other CRISPR functions. The CRISPR-Cas family of protein is ... "Cas Proteins". www.sinobiological.com. Retrieved 2019-12-04. Cellular+Apoptosis+Susceptibility+Protein at the US National ... The Cas family of proteins are a family of proteins that induce cellular apoptosis and cell proliferation. Apoptosis is a ... Without the CAS protein, a cell will not be able to go beyond the G2 phase. It is in the nucleus of the cell, where its ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_apoptosis_susceptibility_protein

... a process in which proteins are tagged by SUMO proteins, thereby modifying the tagged protein's function. In 2010, her team ... Dasso's group has developed CRISPR-based strategies for selective degradation of individual nucleoporins. They are now using ... Dasso then expanded her work, looking for proteins involved in the replication checkpoint, which led her to a collaboration ... Years earlier, Nishimoto had shown that cells without the RCC1 protein attempted to divide before completing DNA replication, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Dasso

"Programmable RNA targeting with the single-protein CRISPR effector Cas7-11". Nature. 597 (7878): 720-725. Bibcode:2021Natur.597 ... As some of these MORF proteins have been shown to interact with members of the PPR family, it is possible MORF proteins are ... More recently, CRISPR-Cas13 fused to deaminases has been employed to direct mRNA editing. In 2022, Cas7-11, better suited for ... "Watch out, CRISPR. The RNA editing race is on". Chemical & Engineering News. Retrieved 30 September 2020. (CS1: long volume ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_editing

Interferon alpha-inducible protein 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IFI6 gene. This gene was first identified as ... November 2018). "A CRISPR screen identifies IFI6 as an ER-resident interferon effector that blocks flavivirus replication". ... The encoded protein may play a critical role in the regulation of apoptosis. A mini-satellite that consists of 26 repeats of a ... "Entrez Gene: IFI6 interferon, alpha-inducible protein 6". Richardson RB, Ohlson MB, Eitson JL, Kumar A, McDougal MB, Boys IN, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IFI6

CRISPR-Cas systems fall into two classes. Class 1 systems use a complex of multiple Cas proteins to degrade foreign nucleic ... CRISPR-Cas3 is more destructive than the better known CRISPR-Cas9 used by companies like Caribou Biosciences, Editas Medicine, ... Locus develops phage therapies based on CRISPR-Cas3 gene editing technology, as opposed to the more commonly used CRISPR-Case9 ... Synthego, Intellia Therapeutics, CRISPR Therapeutics and Beam Therapeutics. CRISPR-Cas3 destroys the targeted DNA in either ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locus_Biosciences

Luo Y, Ge M, Wang B, Sun C, Wang J, Dong Y, Xi JJ (2020). "CRISPR/Cas9-deaminase enables robust base editing in Rhodobacter ... Moreover, many of the open reading frames (ORFs) on CII seem to code for proteins of unknown function. When genes of unknown ... For facilitating genome editing in this species, a CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tool was developed and expanded. Moreover, ... mediated by protein regulators. R. sphaeroides encodes several terminal oxidases which allow electron transfer to oxygen and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodobacter_sphaeroides

Pohl C, Kiel JA, Driessen AJ, Bovenberg RA, Nygård Y (July 2016). "CRISPR/Cas9 Based Genome Editing of Penicillium chrysogenum ... Vacuolar and alkaline serine proteases have been implicated as the major allergenic proteins. P. chrysogenum has been used ... Similar to other filamentous fungi, CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing techniques are available for editing the genome of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillium_chrysogenum

In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, trichome formation is initiated by the GLABROUS1 protein. Knockouts of the ... "An Efficient Visual Screen for CRISPR/Cas9 Activity in Arabidopsis thaliana". Frontiers in Plant Science. 8: 39. doi:10.3389/ ... editing experiments and might be of interest as visual marker for plant research to improve gene editing methods such as CRISPR ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glabrousness

KIF1A is a gene that make motor protein in the body. The idea that in each sperm or egg is a tiny person is known as pre- ... CRISPR is like a "biometric identification system" according to Samuel H. Sternberg. Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna ... A dwarf mother has a "precarious feeling" that CRISPR may be used to produce children with normal heights; she prefers having ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gene:_An_Intimate_History

DNMT3A consists of three major protein domains: the Pro-Trp-Trp-Pro (PWWP) domain, the ATRX-DNMT3-DNMT3L (ADD) domain and the ... "Abnormal RNA splicing and genomic instability after induction of DNMT3A mutations by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing". Blood Cells, ... This protein thus seems to have an inbuilt control mechanism targeting histones only for methylation. Finally, the ... DNMT3A is a 130 kDa protein encoded by 23 exons found on chromosome 2p23 in humans. There exists a 98% homology between human ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_(cytosine-5)-methyltransferase_3A

CRISPR-associated protein 9). These components are an integral part of the immune response for some bacteria. and have been ... To date, CRISPR methods have successfully repaired disease-associated genetic mutations in 1) metabolic disorders such as β- ... The no-SCAR method, as an improvement of the CRISPR/Cas system, will play an important role in modeling human disease using iPS ... Exo is a globular, trimeric protein that forms a ring shape with a hollow center that positions the linear DNA for cleavage. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No-SCAR_(Scarless_Cas9_Assisted_Recombineering)_Genome_Editing

The transthyretin protein is a tetramer. The tetramer has to dissociate into misfolded monomers to aggregate into a variety of ... Gillmore, Julian D. (August 5, 2021). "CRISPR-Cas9 In Vivo Gene Editing for Transthyretin Amyloidosis". The New England Journal ... FAP is characterized by the systemic deposition of amyloidogenic variants of the transthyretin protein, especially in the ... Researchers reported mild adverse events and decreases in serum misfolded transthyretin protein concentrations through targeted ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familial_amyloid_polyneuropathy

... is a "signature" protein of class 1 CRISPR systems and functions in a complex known as CASCADE, with other cas genes and a ... This ability is superior to that achieved with the more common CRISPR-Cas9 systems. CONAN, a CRISPR based diagnostic approach ... "CRISPR-Cas3 innovation holds promise for disease cures, advancing science". Cornell Chronicle. Retrieved 2020-09-07. Yoshimi, ... Cas3 is an ATP-dependent single-strand DNA (ssDNA) translocase/helicase enzyme that degrades DNA as part of CRISPR based ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cas3

... the CRISPR-Cas system requires a PAM sequence directly upstream of the target DNA site and the large size of the Cas protein ... The CRISPR-Cas system benefits from high specificity between the sgRNA and the target DNA sequence and the simplicity of ... Natural DNA binding proteins are commonly used because of their high affinity for their DNA target sequence, however currently ... One route to upregulate a gene is for the ATF to recruit proteins that loosen the DNA wrapping around histones allowing RNA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_transcription_factor

To increase the accessibility of CRISPR screen data and facilitate assignment of protein function, BioGRID has developed an ... The BioGRID's original focus was on curation of binary protein-protein and genetic interactions, but has expanded over several ... The Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets (BioGRID) is a curated biological database of protein-protein ... comprehensive collections of CRISPR screen datasets using Cas9 and other CRISPR nucleases. As of 18 October 2020[update], ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BioGRID

Since many proteins are structurally similar, especially within the same protein family, Broad-spectrum inhibitors can't always ... Most widely used to assess potential synthetic lethal interactions is using siRNA and CRISPR-Cas9 to modify target genes. ... CXCR4 is a protein that acts as a coreceptor for the entry of HIV. It has been developed as a drug target for anti-HIV therapy ... CYP1A1 is a protein that is well known for its role in chemical compounds and drug metabolism. A study in prostate cancer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacoepigenetics

Their lack of protein-coding ability, consistent with a ribosome-free habitat. Replication mediated in some by ribozymes-the ... "ICTV Report Viroids". Hadidi A (January 2019). "Next-Generation Sequencing and CRISPR/Cas13 Editing in Viroid Research and ... Although viroids are composed of nucleic acid, they do not code for any protein. The viroid's replication mechanism uses RNA ... There has long been uncertainty over how viroids induce symptoms in plants without encoding any protein products within their ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viroid

... an enzyme CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins, involved in the prokaryotic immune system and genome editing CAS parameters, an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAS

A number of studies are looking at gene therapy, exon skipping and CRISPR interference to offer hope for the future. Accurate ... This results in premature termination of protein biosynthesis, resulting in a shortened and either functionless or function- ... impaired protein. In what is sometimes called "read-through therapy", translational skipping of the stop codon, resulting in a ... a calcium-binding protein that is responsible for cellular adhesion in various tissues.[citation needed] The markedly anomalous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypotrichosis_with_juvenile_macular_dystrophy

Gurumurthy CB, Grati M, Ohtsuka M, Schilit SL, Quadros RM, Liu XZ (September 2016). "CRISPR: a versatile tool for both forward ... Genetic-linkage studies were able to map the disease loci in cystic fibrosis to chromosome 7 by using protein markers. ... including gain or loss of function mutations in protein-coding or noncoding regions in the genome. Other methods such as using ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_genetics

Many proteins involved in the regulation of gene expression contain DNA-binding domains. For example, proteins that regulate ... The CRISPR/Cas system of Streptococcus pyogenes can be programmed to direct both activation and repression to natural and ... One or more DNA-binding domains are often part of a larger protein consisting of further protein domains with differing ... OB-folds bind single-stranded DNA, and hence are single-stranded binding proteins. OB-fold proteins have been identified as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA-binding_domain

She firstly used genome editing CRISPR technology to freeze the gene producing the protein driving the emergence of NPEC for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amina_Zoubeidi

CRISPR-associated protein 2 This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title formed as a letter-number ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAS2_(disambiguation)

"Project Spotlight: CRISPR". Retrieved October 29, 2015. Cong, L.; Ran, F. A.; Cox, D.; Lin, S.; Barretto, R.; Habib, N.; Hsu, P ... Jennifer Doudna described a chimeric RNA design which is capable of facilitating cleavage of DNA using purified Cas9 protein ... Genome Editing with CRISPR-Cas9 on YouTube Dr. Zhang's seminar "From microbial immunity to genome editing." at the NIH June 28 ... Based on previous work by the Sylvain Moineau Lab, Zhang began work to harness and optimize the CRISPR system to work in human ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feng_Zhang

Using a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated loss of function mutant of gene nina B1, a gene that encodes the rate limiting enzyme that ... the connection to the photoexcitation of CRY proteins has been linked to both CRY1 in Drosophila and CRY2 in monarchs and ... Merlin is also exploring means to expand the monarch genetic toolbox with a focus on developing a reliable CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ... In 2016, Merlin and colleagues demonstrated that both TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 technologies could be utilized in a similar manner ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Merlin

some success with AAV-mediated gene therapies (for different disorders) have increased interest in researchers, with CRISPR/ ... fukutin-related protein. In Euroasia CAPN3 mutations are the most common cause of LGMD, however in northern Europe mutations in ... due to one of many genetic mutations of proteins involved in muscle function. All currently identified LGMDs have an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limb–girdle_muscular_dystrophy

Most of the biological knowledge available is based on comparison of proteins from cultured species to homologs in genetically ... Nymark, Marianne; Sharma, Amit Kumar; Sparstad, Torfinn; Bones, Atle M.; Winge, Per (2016). "A CRISPR/Cas9 system adapted for ... Hopes, Amanda; Nekrasov, Vladimir; Kamoun, Sophien; Mock, Thomas (2016). "Editing of the urease gene by CRISPR-Cas in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_protists

In E. coli , the proteins involved are the Mut class proteins: MutS, MutL, and MutH. In most Eukaryotes, the analog for MutS is ... With the help of CRISPR-Cas9, parts of a genome can be edited by scientists by removing, adding, or altering parts in a DNA ... These proteins seem to be required for transmitting the checkpoint activation signal to downstream proteins. DNA damage ... Checkpoint Proteins can be separated into four groups: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-like protein kinase, proliferating ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_repair

She invented the CRISPR-chip, an electronic sensor that uses CRISPR-Cas to scan genomes and samples of nucleic acid for disease ... For her doctoral research she worked on a microfluidic platform for the extraction of diagnostic plasma proteins. The ... "News: CRISPR-Chip Inventor Kiana Aran Wins Major Women in Science Award". CRISPR Medicine. Retrieved November 3, 2021. "Dr. ... She has demonstrated that the CRISPR-Chip can detect the mutations associated with sickle cell and Duchenne muscular dystrophy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiana_Aran

Most Streptococcus genomes are 1.8 to 2.3 Mb in size and encode 1,700 to 2,300 proteins. Some important genomes are listed in ... Nature-Inspired CRISPR Enzyme Discoveries Vastly Expand Genome Editing . On: SciTechDaily. June 16, 2020. Source: Media Lab, ... have an average pairwise protein sequence identity of about 70%. Bacteriophages have been described for many species of ... fever is caused by the antibodies created by the immune system to fight off the infection cross-reacting with other proteins in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus

It is predicted to function through protein-protein interactions via two amphipathic helices. The most prominent interacting ... KRAB domains can be fused with dCas9 CRISPR tools to form even stronger repressors. The KRAB domain had initially been ... Once the KRAB domain was fused to the tetracycline repressor (TetR), the TetR-KRAB fusion proteins were the first engineered ... Thiesen HJ, Bellefroid E, Revelant O, Martial JA (July 1991). "Conserved KRAB protein domain identified upstream from the zinc ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krüppel_associated_box

There are few protein-protein interaction inhibitors with specific and non-toxic effect in various cancer types. The first and ... Deletion of the RUNX1 binding site in these enhancers by genome editing (CRISPR/Cas9) reduced MYC transcript levels and the ... Targeting protein-protein interaction with small molecule is known to be extremely difficult due to the fact that binding ... AI-10-49 belongs to a select group of protein-protein interaction inhibitors that has been shown to have specific and potent ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI-10-49

This nucleic acid-based immune system is mediated by a variable cassette of up to 45 protein families that represent distinct … ... CRISPR-associated gene 1 (cas1) encodes the only universally conserved protein component of CRISPR immune systems, yet its ... Structural basis for DNase activity of a conserved protein implicated in CRISPR-mediated genome defense Structure. 2009 Jun 10; ... The 2.2 A crystal structure of the Cas1 protein reveals a distinct fold and a conserved divalent metal ion-binding site. ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19523907/

Swiss researchers have found that expression of an RNA-binding protein helps tumors to evade the immune system. ... Using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, the researchers knocked out the gene that encodes the protein, FMR1, and used the resulting ... CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing links RNA-binding protein to immunotherapy resistance. By Nick Paul Taylor, The Science Advisory Board ... Previous studies have found cancers that overexpress the protein, fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), are invasive and ...

https://www.scienceboard.net/index.aspx?sec=sup&sub=can&pag=dis&itemId=5022

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system is a powerful ... Microinjection of CRISPR/Cas9 Protein into Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, Embryos for Gene Ed…. The complete genome of ... The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system is a powerful ... The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system is a powerful ...

https://medschool.vanderbilt.edu/mpb/publication/microinjection-of-crispr-cas9-protein-into-channel-catfish-ictalurus-punctatus-embryos-for-gene-ed-2/

A team of researchers have expanded the role of the newly discovered CRISPR protein C2c2 that targets RNA instead of DNA. ... CRISPR toolbox expanded by protein that cuts RNA in two distinct ways September 26, 2016 ... CRISPR toolbox expanded by protein that cuts RNA in two distinct ways ... molecular biologist Robert Tijan and a team of researchers have expanded the role of the newly discovered CRISPR protein C2c2 ...

https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/news/crispr-toolbox-expanded-protein-cuts-rna-two-distinct-ways

... bacteriophageshave evolved diverse anti-CRISPR proteins (Acrs)that block CRISPR-Cas immunity. Acrs play key rolesin the ... Here, we present structural and func-tional analyses of AcrIIA6, an Acr from virulentphages, exploring its unique anti-CRISPR ... variant resistant to AcrIIA6 illustratingAcr-driven mutational escape and molecular diversi-fication of Cas9 proteins ... Molecular CellArticleCas9 Allosteric Inhibitionby the Anti-CRISPR Protein AcrIIA6Olivier Fuchsbauer,1,2,9Paolo Swuec,3,4, ...

https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02611161

The interaction of this anti-CRISPR protein with the CRISPR-associated helicase/nuclease proteins Cas3 shuts down the CRISPR- ... Over 20 different families of anti-CRISPR proteins have been described, each of which inhibits a particular type of CRISPR-Cas ... Disabling a Type I-E CRISPR-Cas Nuclease with a Bacteriophage-Encoded Anti-CRISPR Protein ... Disabling a Type I-E CRISPR-Cas Nuclease with a Bacteriophage-Encoded Anti-CRISPR Protein MBio , vol. 8 , nº 6: e01751-17. DOI ...

https://espace.inrs.ca/id/eprint/7388/

We are ready to answer all Yours questions ...

http://heat-shock.com/heat/38263-abm-crispr?page=3

Protein Engineering. Novel CRISPR-Cas9 Variants Generated by Diverse Means. CRISPR-Cas9 can perform its usual tasks more ably, ... The CRISPR-Cas9 protein illustrated here has no structural modifications. CRISPR-Cas9 can perform its usual tasks more ably, or ... Whenever plain, old CRISPR-Cas9 demonstrates flaws that would prevent desirable applications from being realized, protein ... CRISPR-Cas9, they grumble, is responsible for too many off-target effects. Its too large to fit within commonly used viral ...

https://www.genengnews.com/insights/novel-crispr-cas9-variants-generated-by-diverse-means/

Using CRISPR knockouts, we find that HAX1 RNA targets partially overlap with transcripts downregulated in HAX1 KO, implying a ... HAX1 is a human protein with no known homologues or structural domains. Mutations in the HAX1 gene cause severe congenital ... SONAR discovers RNA-Binding proteins from analysis of large-scale protein-protein interactomes. Mol. Cell 2016, 64, 282-293. [ ... HAX1 (HCLS1-associated protein X-1) is known as an antiapoptotic protein with a role in the regulation of cell migration, cell ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/19/2943

... ... Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen Identifies Regulators of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase as Suppressors of Liver Tumors in Mice. ...

https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/80252

... they guide a multifunctional protein complex (Cas proteins) to recognize and cleave incoming foreign genetic material. This ... This arsenal has been expanded by the recent discovery of the versatile CRISPR-Cas system, which has two novel features. First ... Exciting breakthroughs in understanding the mechanisms of the CRISPR-Cas system and its potential for biotechnological ... Exciting breakthroughs in understanding the mechanisms of the CRISPR-Cas system and its potential for biotechnological ...

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/CRISPR-Cas-systems-in-bacteria-and-archaea%3A-small-Bhaya-Davison/2d5cb07d38d1aaae853b9187b1d325991e684ebf

CRISPR-Cas; Cas7; Mass spectrometry; Title: Analysis of protein-RNA interactions in CRISPR proteins and effector complexes by ... Analysis of protein-RNA interactions in CRISPR proteins and effector complexes by UV-induced cross-linking and mass ... 2015). Analysis of protein-RNA interactions in CRISPR proteins and effector complexes by UV-induced cross-linking and mass ... CRISPR-Cas (CRISPR: clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats; Cas: CRISPR associated). In particular, we ...

https://pure.mpg.de/pubman/faces/ViewItemFullPage.jsp?itemId=item_2241862_2&view=ACTIONS

RNA-protein analysis using a conditional CRISPR nuclease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Apr 2;110(14):5416-21.. October 31, ...

https://www.editasmedicine.com/posters_publications/h-y-lee-r-e-haurwitz-a-apffel-k-zhou-b-smart-c-d-wenger-s-laderman-l-bruhn-j-a-doudna-rna-protein-analysis-using-a-conditional-crispr-nuclease-proc-natl-acad-sci-u-s-a-2013-apr-21/

CRISPR constructs and applications. *antisense molecules. *chimeric proteins. *monoclonal antibodies. *molecular diagnostics ...

http://www.mmmlaw.com/practice-areas/technology/

We purified proteins from lysed bacteria by using the Ni-NTA protocol (18) and stored aliquots of purified protein at −80°C. ... CRISPR-GBS. The CRISPR-GBS test combines an RPA step and a subsequent T7 transcription and Cas13 detection step, as described ... Development of CRISPR-GBS. Figure 1. Figure 1. Schematic diagram of CRISPR-based diagnostic for rapid GBS screening. Swab ... To address the unmet clinical needs for GBS screening, we developed CRISPR-GBS, a novel CRISPR/Cas13-based in vitro diagnostic ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27/9/20-0091_article

BioGRID Open Repository of CRISPR Screens (ORCS). * BioGRID CRISPR Screen Phenotypes (1 hit/76 screens) ... LRRs are 20-29 residue sequence motifs present in many proteins that participate in protein-protein interactions and have ... General protein information Go to the top of the page Help Preferred Names. PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein ... mRNA and Protein(s) * XM_006531010.4 → XP_006531073.1 PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase 2 isoform X2 ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=244650

Diverse Mechanisms of CRISPR-Cas9 Inhibition by Type IIC Anti-CRISPR Proteins. *Yalan Zhu, ... Protein Kinase C Quality Control by Phosphatase PHLPP1 Unveils Loss-of-Function Mechanism in Cancer. *Timothy R. Baffi, ... On the cover: Among pancreatic cancer patients, high levels of the phosphatase PHLPP1 and low levels of protein kinase C (PKC) ... On the cover: Among pancreatic cancer patients, high levels of the phosphatase PHLPP1 and low levels of protein kinase C (PKC) ...

https://www.cell.com/molecular-cell/issue?pii=S1097-2765%2818%29X0009-4

... an advantage over the conventional artificial intelligence that has aided with protein engineering in the past. ... Not only could this new tool help with the difficult job of altering proteins in practically useful ways, but it also works by ... New function of the CRISPR gene scissors discovered: Protein scissors activate defense function. Nov 25, 2022 ... When two proteins have vectors that point in the same direction, LANTERN indicates that the proteins have similar function. ...

https://www.nanowerk.com/news2/biotech/newsid=60928.php

CRISPR RNA and anti-CRISPR protein binding to the Xanthomonas albilineans Csy1-Csy2 heterodimer in the type I-F CRISPR-Cas ... viruses evolve multiple anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins to defeat these CRISPR-Cas systems. The type I-F CRISPR-Cas system in ... viruses evolve multiple anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins to defeat these CRISPR-Cas systems. The type I-F CRISPR-Cas system in ... Structural basis of CRISPR-SpyCas9 inhibition by an anti-CRISPR protein journal, April 2017 * Dong, De; Guo, Minghui; Wang, ...

https://www.osti.gov/pages/biblio/1616844-inhibition-mechanisms-acrf9-acrf8-acrf6-against-type-crisprcas-complex-revealed-cryo-em

... and endogenous CRISPR-Cas use was enhanced with an anti-anti-CRISPR strategy. P. aeruginosa Type I-C Cascade-Cas3 (PaeCas3c) ... DNA cleavage guided by a single CRISPR RNA generated large deletions (7-424 kilobases) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa with near-100 ... CRISPR-Cas technologies have enabled programmable gene editing in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. However, the leading Cas9 and ... 10 Genomic editing in native host of Type I-C CRISPR-Cas system and effect of I-C specific anti-CRISPR protein on the process. ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-020-00980-w?error=cookies_not_supported&code=81bdb91b-e7aa-4cc2-a3e2-859c29b3b98c

Cell-specific CRISPR-Cas9 activation by microRNA-dependent expression of anti-CRISPR proteins. ...

https://www.oligotherapeutics.org/cell-specific-crispr-cas9-activation-by-microrna-dependent-expression-of-anti-crispr-proteins/

P granule assembly depends in part on protein-protein interactions that drive condensation independent of RNA. ... CRISPR genome editing. Request a detailed protocol Genome editing was performed in C. elegans using CRISPR/Cas9 as described in ... "germ granule assembly depends at least in part on protein-protein interactions that drive protein condensation independent of ... Fluorescent protein bead halo assay. Request a detailed protocol Fluorescent protein bead halo assay was adapted from Patel and ...

https://elifesciences.org/articles/63698

Applications of CRISPR Knock-In Tagging for Studying Endogenous Protein Dynamics. Profiling of GPCR Complexes. Professor Kevin ... Advances in Targeted Protein Degradation. Targeted Protein Degraders: An Overview. Alessio Cuilli, PhD - Professor of Chemical ... Protein Purification Promotions Save 20% On GloMax Instruments! Redeem this savings with your local representative through ... Endogenous Protein Analysis Using Genome Editing Technology and HiBiT System. Takahide Matsushima, PhD - Assistant Professor, ...

https://www.promega.com/global/discover-glo-2021/?utm_source=promega_connections_the_power_of&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=pharma_tpd

BioGRID Open Repository of CRISPR Screens (ORCS). * BioGRID CRISPR Screen Phenotypes (22 hits/776 screens) ... adhesion G-protein coupled receptor G4. Names. G protein-coupled receptor 112. probable G-protein coupled receptor 112. ... Proteins that contain LamG domains serve a variety of .... * XM_047441830.1 → XP_047297786.1 adhesion G-protein coupled ... mRNA and Protein(s) * XM_011531269.3 → XP_011529571.1 adhesion G-protein coupled receptor G4 isoform X1 ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/139378

Validation of proteins linked to the immune response We chosen 3 proteins (alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, complement component C3c, ... AIM: To review the differential protein profile in serum of hepatitis B individuals. the 2-D gel, 7 proteins were detected ... AIM: To review the differential protein profile in serum of hepatitis. December 6, 2019. mycareerpeer0 comments ... AIM: To review the differential protein profile in serum of hepatitis. Home / Uncategorized / AIM: To review the differential ...

http://www.mycareerpeer.com/2019/12/06/aim-to-review-the-differential-protein-profile-in-serum-of-hepatitis/

New CRISPR-based tool inserts large DNA sequences at desired sites in cells Known as PASTE, the technique holds potential for ... Proteins are the cells workhorses, and they need to fold into complex and precise shapes to do their jobs. Prions are proteins ... Tessier covered the array with peptides from bakers yeast and then added prion protein to the array, also from the same yeast ... "For one thing, this is the first time that these peptide arrays have been used to study protein folding. Weve taken this ...

https://news.mit.edu/2007/prions

... that monitors protein interaction and trafficking ... Application Note: CRISPR/Cas9 genome-edited cells express nanoBRET-donor that monitors protein interaction and trafficking. 20 ... Gyros Protein Technologies adds Gyrolab Biomarker Kits to expand range of ready-to-use kits and... ... BMG LABTECH demonstrates how the CRISPR/Cas9 technique successfully fuses the Nluc BRET donor to endogenously-expressed CXCR4. ...

https://www.selectscience.net/application-notes/crispr+cas9-genome-edited-cells-express-nanobret-donor-that-monitors-protein-interaction-and-trafficking/?&artID=51538

A comparison of main traits of the Cas proteins utilized for CRISPR-based SARS-CoV-2 detection is presented in Table 1, which ... RuvC CRISPR-Cas13a two VI Single unit 1200 (LwaCas13a) 2 HEPN domains CRISPR-Cas3 1 I Multi-subunit 900 (EcoCas3) HD CRISPR- ... Characteristics of representative Cas proteins used in Etiocholanolone medchemexpress CRISPR-Dx for COVID-19. CRISPR-Cas12a ... Targeted ssRNA [34]. A comparison of main traits of the Cas proteins utilized for CRISPR-based. Posted On July 20, 2022 ...

https://adenosine-kinase.com/2022/07/20/5993/

Breasi-CRISPR: an efficient genome-editing method to interrogate protein localization and protein-protein interactions in the ... Breasi-CRISPR: an efficient genome-editing method to interrogate protein localization and protein-protein interactions in the ... Here, we describe the Breasi-CRISPR approach (Brain Easi-CRISPR), combining Easi-CRISPR with in utero electroporation to tag ... Finally, we used Breasi-CRISPR to perform co-immunoprecipitation mass-spectrometry analyses of the autism-related protein FMRP ...

https://cob.silverchair.com/dev/article-abstract/149/18/dev200616/276848/Breasi-CRISPR-an-efficient-genome-editing-method?redirectedFrom=fulltext

Thousands of phages found to have CRISPR gene editing system. Nov 29, 2022 ... Shown on the here are amyloid fibers derived from bacterial curli proteins, and the same proteins mixed with M-TTR. M-TTR ... Human transthyretin protein can adopt an aggregated or amyloid form under certain conditions. Credit: The Chapman Lab ... "The notion is we could impregnate these surfaces with this protein so that they may not form these biofilms and make it easier ...

https://phys.org/news/2017-11-protein-antibiotic-resistance.html

One mechanism by which phages and other mobile genetic elements are able to overcome the CRISPR-Cas system is through the expression of anti-CRISPR proteins. (inrs.ca)
Over 20 different families of anti-CRISPR proteins have been described, each of which inhibits a particular type of CRISPR-Cas system. (inrs.ca)
Recently, Bondy-Denomy and colleagues discovered several phage-encoded anti-CRISPR proteins that offer new insight into the ongoing molecular arms race between viral parasites and the immune systems of their hosts. (semanticscholar.org)
Diverse Mechanisms of CRISPR-Cas9 Inhibition by Type IIC Anti-CRISPR Proteins. (bvsalud.org)

Large deletions and rearrangements of the plant's genome, which can involve thousands of base units of DNA, have been observed following CRISPR gene editing. (gmwatch.org)

Gene editing with CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful tool to study the function of target genes. (biologists.com)
This is the first example in which CRISPR-Cas9 is injected directly into the bloodstream - in other words systemic administration - where we use it as a way to reach a tissue that's far away from the site of injection and very specifically use it to edit disease-causing genes," says John Leonard, the CEO of Intellia Therapeutics , which is sponsoring the study. (nhpr.org)
In 2013, Broad Institute researcher Feng Zhang showed that CRISPR could edit genes in human cells. (reason.com)
A Spanish research group has edited out the wheat genes that produce the gluten proteins that bedevil folks with celiac disease. (reason.com)
Choose lentiviral gRNA libraries to perform CRISPR gene edits on hundreds of genes at one time. (thermofisher.com)
These mutations can affect the functioning of many genes, leading to alterations in the plant's protein and biochemical composition. (gmwatch.org)
But I'm also excited about all the work being done on genetics to take wild type genes and further tune not only the content of the protein, but sometimes the functionality. (foodnavigator-usa.com)
Therefore, to enable the screening of as many genes as possible in primary cells, this protocol has reduced the cell number and reagent required per gene electroporation, whilst ensuring the maintenance of CRISPR editing efficiency. (slas-discovery.org)
The gatekeepers of transcriptional initiation are "transcription factors" (TFs): proteins that engage DNA in a sequence-specific manner to either promote or inhibit transcription of targeted genes. (genestogenomes.org)
One of the most remarkable findings of the international high-resolution cancer genome sequencing efforts, spearheaded by the Cancer Genome Atlas, is the high frequency of genetic alterations in the genes encoding proteins that directly regulate the epigenome - referred to here as epigenetic regulator genes (ERGs) - in common human cancer types. (who.int)

November 21, 2022 -- Using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, Swiss researchers have provided evidence that expression of an RNA-binding protein helps tumors to evade the immune system. (scienceboard.net)

In immunodeficient mice, survival was similar in the knockout and wild-type models, indicating that the protein does not directly stimulate cancer growth. (scienceboard.net)
CRISPR 유전자 knockout에 대해 gRNA sequences는 Cas9프로틴을 인도하여 게놈DNA 특정위치에 double strand break (DSB)를 형성합니다. (scbt.com)
Ribophorin II CRISPR/Cas9 Knockout (KO) Plasmid (m) 는 3개의 plasmids를 포함하며 매개의 plasmid는 Cas9 nuclease 와 하나의 Ribophorin II-특정된 20 nt guide RNA (gRNA) 를 인코딩하며 gRNA는 knockout 효율을 최대한 낮추도록 디자인 되였습니다. (scbt.com)
VPS35 - KN2.0, Human gene knockout kit via CRISPR, non-homology mediated. (origene.com)
Illuminating Host-Mycobacterial Interactions with Genome-wide CRISPR Knockout and CRISPRi Screens. (harvard.edu)
The antibody used in IHC analysis was validated through CRISPR-Cas9 knockout system. (uni-goettingen.de)

CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)-Cas adaptive immune systems are prevalent defense mechanisms in bacteria and archaea. (inrs.ca)
We further show that AcrE1 can convert the endogenous type I-E CRISPR system into a programmable transcriptional repressor.IMPORTANCE The CRISPR-Cas immune system provides bacteria with resistance to invasion by potentially harmful viruses, plasmids, and other foreign mobile genetic elements. (inrs.ca)
This interaction also allows the repurposing of the endogenous type I-E CRISPR system into a programmable transcriptional repressor, providing a new biotechnological tool for genetic studies of bacteria encoding this type I-E CRISPR-Cas system. (inrs.ca)
PDF] CRISPR-Cas systems in bacteria and archaea: versatile small RNAs for adaptive defense and regulation. (semanticscholar.org)
These biofilms are held together by a scaffolding composed of a protein called "amyloid" that the bacteria itself produces. (phys.org)
While CRISPR holds incredible potential for in-lab and at-home genetic modification and experimentation, my efforts were strictly school science fair stuff-my modified bacteria posed no civilizational risk, and the process of creating them was fun, fascinating, and empowering. (reason.com)
CRISPR-Cas9 was adapted from a naturally occurring genome editing system that bacteria use as an immune defense. (medlineplus.gov)
When infected with viruses, bacteria capture small pieces of the viruses' DNA and insert them into their own DNA in a particular pattern to create segments known as CRISPR arrays. (medlineplus.gov)
The CRISPR arrays allow the bacteria to "remember" the viruses (or closely related ones). (medlineplus.gov)
If the viruses attack again, the bacteria produce RNA segments from the CRISPR arrays that recognize and attach to specific regions of the viruses' DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
They create a small piece of RNA with a short "guide" sequence that attaches (binds) to a specific target sequence in a cell's DNA, much like the RNA segments bacteria produce from the CRISPR array. (medlineplus.gov)
Protein components of the CRISPR-CAS SYSTEMS for anti-viral defense in ARCHAEA and BACTERIA . (bvsalud.org)

CRISPR-Cas12a Class Type Effector Cas protein complex Size (amino acid) Nuclease domain two V Single unit 1200 (LbCas12a) RuvC CRISPR-Cas13a two VI Single unit 1200 (LwaCas13a) 2 HEPN domains CRISPR-Cas3 1 I Multi-subunit 900 (EcoCas3) HD CRISPR-Cas9 2 II Single unit 1400 (SpCas9) RuvC, HNHLife 2021, 11,five ofTable 1. (adenosine-kinase.com)
Fast Five Quiz: Genomic Medicine - CRISPR Gene Editing - Medscape - Dec 23, 2021. (medscape.com)
And in 2021, it performed a medical research for a CRISPR therapy for Sickle-cell anaemia . (therisingsunonline.com)

Described in a new paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ( 'Interpretable modeling of genotype-phenotype landscapes with state-of-the-art predictive power' ), LANTERN shows the ability to predict the genetic edits needed to create useful differences in three different proteins. (nanowerk.com)
Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna are awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020 for discovering one of gene technology's sharpest tools: the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors. (nobelprize.org)
Doctors infused billions of microscopic structures known as nanoparticles carrying genetic instructions for the CRISPR gene-editor into four patients in London and two in New Zealand. (nhpr.org)
Last year, Shoukhrat Mitalipov of Oregon Health and Science University used CRISPR to correct a genetic mutation in human embryos that causes heart disease. (reason.com)
This event brings together people with interest and expertise in quantitative studies of protein-nucleic acid interactions and dynamics in genetic and epigenetic regulation. (biophysics.org)
Auxin-inducible degrons are a chemical genetic tool for targeted protein degradation and are widely used to study protein function in cultured mammalian cells. (elifesciences.org)
By combining ligand titrations with genetic crosses to generate animals with different allelic combinations, we show that degradation kinetics depend upon the dose of the tagged protein, ligand, and the E3 ligase substrate receptor TIR1. (elifesciences.org)
Gupta RM, Musunuru K. Expanding the genetic editing tool kit: ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPR-Cas9. (medlineplus.gov)
Genetic mutations cause toxic proteins to collect in the brain, causing Huntington's disease. (depressionals.com)
Gene expression is the process by which the genetic information encoded in DNA is translated into the arsenal of proteins required to orchestrate diverse biological processes in living systems. (genestogenomes.org)

This approach permits the identification of cross-linked peptides and RNA moieties and can also pin-point exact RNA contact sites within the protein. (mpg.de)
Tessier covered the array with peptides from baker's yeast and then added prion protein to the array, also from the same yeast species. (mit.edu)
He found that a small cluster of peptides recruited the prion proteins to misfold into an amyloid structure. (mit.edu)

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system is a powerful tool used to edit genomic DNA sequences to alter gene function. (vanderbilt.edu)
A well-known one is called CRISPR-Cas9, which is short for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9. (medlineplus.gov)
In recent years, CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)/Cas (CRISPR-associated) genome editing systems have become one of the most robust platforms in basic biomedical research and therapeutic applications. (nih.gov)
therefore, gene editing using CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 is often carried out through ribonucleoprotein (RNP) electroporation. (slas-discovery.org)
The latest research shows that clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based approaches can quickly provide visual, rapid, ultrasensitive, and specific detection of SARS-CoV-2 at isothermal conditions. (medscape.com)
[ 14 , 15 ] Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is a biotechnologic technique well-known for its use in gene editing. (medscape.com)

The collateral nuclease activity of Cas proteins are activated upon specific binding of gRNA to the atoB gene. (medscape.com)

Recent advances in CRISPR/Cas system provide an improved method for genome editing, showing robust and specific RNA-guided endonuclease activity at targeted endogenous genomic loci. (semanticscholar.org)
It is demonstrated that the Cas protein Cas9 of Francisella novicida uses a unique, small, CRISPR/Cas-associated RNA (scaRNA) to repress an endogenous transcript encoding a bacterial lipoprotein. (semanticscholar.org)
A transferable 'all-in-one' vector was functional in Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas syringae and Klebsiella pneumoniae , and endogenous CRISPR-Cas use was enhanced with an 'anti-anti-CRISPR' strategy. (nature.com)
Here we develop CRISPR-engineered mouse lines that enable rapid and highly specific degradation of tagged endogenous proteins in vivo . (elifesciences.org)
This generalisable approach provides unprecedented temporal control over the dose of endogenous proteins in mouse models, with implications for studying essential biological pathways and modelling drug activity in mammalian tissues. (elifesciences.org)
Discover how the cell-based, SPRINTer™ protein turnover biosensor assays can be used to rapidly screen small molecule therapeutics and quantify changes in endogenous protein levels in disease relevant cell models. (discoverx.com)

Proteins in RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN assemblies of CRISPR-CAS SYSTEMS that function in targeting DNA of invading viruses and plasmids. (bvsalud.org)
4] Paix A, Kolkmann A, Rasoloson D, and Seydoux G. (2015) High efficiency, homology-directed genome editing in Caenorhabditis elegans using CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes. (wormbook.org)

Here, a detailed protocol for microinjection of channel catfish embryos with CRISPR/Cas9 protein is described. (vanderbilt.edu)
The CRISPR-Cas9 protein illustrated here has no structural modifications. (genengnews.com)
The technique involves taking the amino acid string of the Cas9 protein and cutting it, switching the order of the two segments, and then allowing it to fold into a new 3D configuration. (genengnews.com)
One is the Cas9 protein, an enzyme that can cut two strands of DNA at a specific location in the genome so that bits of DNA can then be added or removed. (reason.com)
Choose from our selection of Cas9 proteins, including our TrueCut Cas9 Protein v2 that delivers consistent high editing efficiency across gene targets and cell types, our high-fidelity Cas9 for minimization off-target effects, or our GMP-manufactured Cas9 for cell therapy applications. (thermofisher.com)
This distinction is due to the use of an enzymatically-inactive dCas9 (or 'dead' Cas9) protein. (measurebiology.org)
Furthermore, some edits will be difficult if a good Cas9 target is not located nearby.Our approach is to use Cas9 protein complexes for injections [4] when Cas9 target sites are available, and TALENs for other situations [5]. (wormbook.org)
If possible, we use the native CRISPR/Cas9 system, which relies on Cas9 protein with both a universal RNA (tracrRNA) and a specific guide RNA (crRNA). (wormbook.org)

UC Berkeley biochemist Jennifer Doudna, molecular biologist Robert Tijan and a team of researchers have expanded the role of the newly discovered CRISPR protein C2c2 that targets RNA instead of DNA. (berkeley.edu)
Barrangou, R. & Doudna, J. A. Applications of CRISPR technologies in research and beyond. (nature.com)
To develop the probe, Chiu and his colleagues at U.C.S.F. collaborated with researchers at Mammoth Biosciences, which was co-founded by biochemist and CRISPR co-discoverer Jennifer Doudna. (scientificamerican.com)
This is a major milestone for patients," says Jennifer Doudna of the University of California, Berkeley, who shared a Nobel Prize for her work helping develop CRISPR. (nhpr.org)
While these are early data, they show us that we can overcome one of the biggest challenges with applying CRISPR clinically so far, which is being able to deliver it systemically and get it to the right place," Doudna says. (nhpr.org)
The CRISPR revolution began in 2012, when Jennifer Doudna of Berkeley and Emmanuelle Charpentier of Sweden's Umeå University published an article in Science describing how elements of a bacterial immune system could be used as a very precise gene-editing tool. (reason.com)
The precision, ease and affordablity (a CRISPR-CAS 9 kit costs $100), worried University of Berkeley scientist Jennifer Doudna, co-discover of the technique. (cosmosmagazine.com)

The UV induced protein-RNA cross-liking approach was utilized to investigate RNA binding regions in single (recombinant) Cas proteins such as the archaeal and bacterial Cas6b proteins and the Cas7 family proteins from four different organisms, and these structural studies were extended to multi-subunit crRNP complexes. (semanticscholar.org)
The CRISPR/Cas bacterial immune system cleaves bacteriophage and plasmid DNA. (nature.com)
In a new study, the researchers found that a protein produced by humans called transthyretin, or TTR, can suppress the formation of amyloid and biofilm in E. coli, a common bacterial strain found in humans. (phys.org)
Shown on the here are amyloid fibers derived from bacterial curli proteins, and the same proteins mixed with M-TTR. (phys.org)
M-TTR prevents amyloid fiber aggregation of the bacterial curli proteins. (phys.org)
Discovery of key features of the bacterial adaptive immune system (CRISPR-Cas). (otago.ac.nz)
The discovery of CRISPR elements in bacterial genomes and their targets in viral (bacteriophage) genomes. (otago.ac.nz)
CRISPR Interference Reveals That All-Trans-Retinoic Acid Promotes Macrophage Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Limiting Bacterial Access to Cholesterol and Propionyl Coenzyme A. (harvard.edu)

These results provide a foundation for understanding how Cas1 contributes to CRISPR function, perhaps as part of the machinery for processing foreign nucleic acids. (nih.gov)
This review focuses on the type I-E CRISPR/Cas system of the model bacterium Escherichia coli K12, a prokaryotic adaptive immune system that displays major structural and functional differences in their mode of generating resistance against invading nucleic acids. (semanticscholar.org)
CRISPR technology incorporating amplification strategies: molecular assays for nucleic acids, proteins, and small molecules. (cdc.gov)
In addition, CRISPR has been recently used for the in vitro detection of nucleic acids. (medscape.com)

Prokaryotes use CRISPR-Cas-mediated adaptive immunity, while conversely, viruses evolve multiple anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins to defeat these CRISPR-Cas systems. (osti.gov)
CRISPR provides acquired resistance against viruses in prokaryotes. (nature.com)
These are proteins that carry out a variety of functions during the creation and expansion of the CRISPR ARRAYS , the capture of new CRISPR SPACERS , biogenesis of SMALL INTERFERING RNA ( CRISPR or crRNAs), and the targeting and silencing of invading viruses and plasmids. (bvsalud.org)

Small CRISPR RNAs guide antiviral defense in Prokaryotes. (nature.com)
In animals with germ plasm, specification of the germline depends on the segregation of maternal RNAs and proteins (germline determinants) to the primordial germ cells. (elifesciences.org)
CRISPR uses "guide RNAs" to selectively target specific DNA sequences. (medscape.com)
The guide RNAs, corresponding to the targeted viral sequences embedded in a viral genome, attract CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9), which then cuts the viral genome and destroys it so it can't produce new virus. (medscape.com)

Although some Acr proteins against the Csy complex have been reported, other relevant Acr proteins still need studies to understand their mechanisms. (osti.gov)
Our structure-guided mutagenesis and biochemistry experiments further support the anti-CRISPR mechanisms of these Acr proteins. (osti.gov)
Our findings highlight the importance of protein-based condensation mechanisms and condensate-condensate interactions in the assembly of RNA-rich germ granules. (elifesciences.org)
In this study, we use the term condensate to refer to concentrated protein assemblies that self-assemble without implying a mechanism for assembly, which could involve aggregation, LLPS, or other mechanisms, and may or may not include RNA. (elifesciences.org)
While mechanisms of spacer acquisition have been widely studied, direct evidence has yet to emerge to suggest the existence of a dedicated biological mechanism for the systematic deletion of CRISPR spacers. (biomedcentral.com)
Future directions in zebrafish research are predicted to take advantage of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing methods in creating models of disease and interrogating mechanisms of action with fluorescent reporters or tagged proteins. (cdc.gov)
Schematic of phage defense mechanisms, including CRISPR-Cas9, restriction-modification (RM), and TA systems. (mit.edu)

This study presents the first structural and mechanistic insight into a phage-encoded protein that inactivates the type I-E CRISPR-Cas system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa The interaction of this anti-CRISPR protein with the CRISPR-associated helicase/nuclease proteins Cas3 shuts down the CRISPR-Cas system and protects phages carrying this gene from destruction. (inrs.ca)

Understanding the molecular details of these processes requires the identification and characterization of protein-RNA interactions. (mpg.de)
Hidalgo-Cantabrana, C. & Barrangou, R. Characterization and applications of Type I CRISPR-Cas systems. (nature.com)
It intends to bridge statistical and bioinformatic characterization of representative protein-DNA systems with biophysical and biochemical approaches. (biophysics.org)
Sequencing of microbiomes has accelerated the characterization of the diversity of CRISPR-Cas immune systems. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the utilization of next generation short read sequences for the characterization of CRISPR-Cas dynamics remains limited due to the repetitive nature of CRISPR arrays. (biomedcentral.com)

In vitro reconstitution of Cascade-mediated CRISPR immunity in Streptococcus thermophilus . (nature.com)
Although viral vectors have been widely used in the delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in vitro and in vivo, their fundamental shortcomings, such as the risk of carcinogenesis, limited insertion size, immune responses and difficulty in large-scale production, severely limit their further applications. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, current non-viral vectors that have been applied for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery in vitro and in vivo are outlined in details. (nih.gov)

Over the years various approaches have been used to investigate these interactions, including computational analyses to look for RNA binding domains, gel-shift mobility assays on recombinant and mutant proteins as well as co-crystallization and NMR studies for structure elucidation. (mpg.de)
Please inquire if you are interested in this recombinant protein expressed in E. coli, mammalien cells or by baculovirus infection. (antikoerper-online.de)
Human recombinant protein fragment corresponding to amino acids 1-266 of human PARN (NP_002573) produced in E.coli. (origene.com)

While the traditional approach has been to introduce CRISPR/Cas9 mRNA into the single cell embryos through microinjection, this can be a slow and inefficient process in catfish. (vanderbilt.edu)
It is concluded that mRNA processing is involved in differential syntheses of the proteins encoded by the gapA operon. (microbiologyresearch.org)
In this review, we analyze the pros and cons of delivering CRISPR/Cas9 systems in the form of plasmid, mRNA, or protein and then discuss the limitations and challenges of CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing. (nih.gov)

In 2016, Chinese language scientists have been the primary to manage a CRISPR remedy to a human to check using CRISPR gene modifying in individuals with lung most cancers . (therisingsunonline.com)
2] Dickinson DJ, And Goldstein B. (2016) CRISPR-based methods for Caenorhabditis elegans genome engineering. (wormbook.org)

CRISPR arrays are comprised of short spacer segments (derived from invaders' genomes) interspaced between flanking repeat sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
In this paper we evaluate the use of long read sequences for the analysis of CRISPR-Cas system dynamics in microbiomes. (biomedcentral.com)
We showed that long reads captured CRISPR spacers at a high degree of redundancy, which highlights the spacer conservation of spacer sharing CRISPR variants, enabling the study of CRISPR array dynamics in ways difficult to achieve though short read sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally, leader sequences usually found upstream of CRISPR arrays were attributed to the efficiency of CRISPR-Cas derived immune response [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The essential modification for CRISPR-UMI is the integration of random sequences termed barcodes (barcodes in combination with sgRNA make the UMIs Unique molecular identifiers) and the illumina i7 ('index') primer binding site for barcode-sequencing. (researchsquare.com)

We use a combination of genetics, biochemistry, and phylogenetic studies, including ancestral reconstructions, to gain insight into the mutational trajectories that give rise to new signaling proteins. (mit.edu)

In Caenorhabditis elegans embryos, germ (P) granule assembly requires MEG-3, an intrinsically disordered protein that forms RNA-rich condensates on the surface of PGL condensates at the core of P granules. (elifesciences.org)
The week after Doudna's letter to Science , Chinese scientists reported they had attempted to correct beta thalassemia, a blood disease, by using CRISPR to edit the defective gene in human embryos. (cosmosmagazine.com)
In 2017, scientists used CRISPR expertise to restore a disease-causing mutation in viable human embryos . (therisingsunonline.com)

Analysis of protein-RNA interactions in CRISPR proteins and effector complexes by UV-induced cross-linking and mass spectrometry. (mpg.de)
The 2.57-Å structure reveals fine details for each molecular component within the Csy complex as well as the direct and water-mediated interactions between proteins and CRISPR RNA (crRNA). (osti.gov)
Our findings support the convergent consequence of inhibiting degradation of invading DNA by these Acr proteins, albeit with different modes of interactions with the type I-F CRISPR-Cas system. (osti.gov)
It's possible that products derived or based on these protein interactions could reduce this problem in medicine, that biofilms form on a lot of artificial surfaces implanted within the body," Buxbaum said. (phys.org)
High-Throughput CRISPR Screens To Dissect Macrophage-Shigella Interactions. (harvard.edu)
Co-immunoprecipitation studies showed that the AP2S1 p.Arg15Leu mutation impaired protein-protein interactions between AP2σ2 and the other AP2 subunits, and also with the CaSR. (birmingham.ac.uk)

Ribophorin II HDR Plasmid (m) 는 Ribophorin II CRISPR/Cas9 KO Plasmid (m)와의 co-transfection을 권장합니다. (scbt.com)

CRISPR-associated gene 1 (cas1) encodes the only universally conserved protein component of CRISPR immune systems, yet its function is unknown. (nih.gov)
Using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, the researchers knocked out the gene that encodes the protein, FMR1, and used the resulting cell line to establish tumors in immunodeficient and immunocompetent mice. (scienceboard.net)
This gene encodes a G-protein coupled receptor belonging to a large family of diverse integral membrane proteins that participate in various physiological functions. (nih.gov)
CRISPR gene editing is used to remove a gene from immune T cells that encodes a protein called PD-1 that tumor cells can use to evade an immune attack. (who.int)

This nucleic acid-based immune system is mediated by a variable cassette of up to 45 protein families that represent distinct immune system subtypes. (nih.gov)
This arsenal has been expanded by the recent discovery of the versatile CRISPR-Cas system, which has two novel features. (semanticscholar.org)
The role of CRISPR-Cas in prokaryotic immunity and other physiological properties are discussed, and applications of the system as a DNA editing technology and antimicrobial agent are described. (semanticscholar.org)
The type I-F CRISPR-Cas system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa requires the crRNA-guided surveillance complex (Csy complex) to recognize the invading DNA. (osti.gov)
Cas3 is a single‐stranded DNA nuclease and ATP‐dependent helicase in the CRISPR/Cas immune system. (nature.com)
It was a modular system composed of proteins and RNA, termed CRISPR. (cosmosmagazine.com)
To see an example of this gene editing workflow in action, view the webinar on using the CRISPR-Cas9 system for CAR T cell knock-in . (thermofisher.com)
Utilizing compressed spacer graphs, several key defining characteristics of CRISPR-Cas system dynamics were observed including spacer acquisition and loss events, conservation of the trailer end spacers, and CRISPR arrays' directionality (transcription orientation). (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrate in an in silico system that long reads provide the necessary context for characterizing the organization of CRISPR arrays in a microbiome, and reveal dynamic and evolutionary features of CRISPR-Cas systems in a microbial population. (biomedcentral.com)
The CRISPR-Cas9 system has generated a lot of excitement in the scientific community because it is faster, cheaper, more accurate, and more efficient than other genome editing methods. (medlineplus.gov)
To date, efficient in vivo delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to the targeted cells remains a challenge. (nih.gov)
Finally, critical obstacles for non-viral delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 system are highlighted and promising strategies to overcome these barriers are proposed. (nih.gov)
The yeast protein expression system is the most economical and efficient eukaryotic system for secretion and intracellular expression. (antikoerper-online.de)
A protein expressed by the mammalian cell system is of very high-quality and close to the natural protein. (antikoerper-online.de)
The yeast protein expression system serve as a eukaryotic system integrate the advantages of the mammalian cell expression system. (antikoerper-online.de)
A protein expressed by yeast system could be modificated such as glycosylation, acylation, phosphorylation and so on to ensure the native protein conformation. (antikoerper-online.de)
This antibody provids a tool for the detection of Cpf1 in organisms and lay a foundation for promoting the application of CRISPR/Cpf1 system. (swxzz.com)

We demonstrated that CRISPR-GBS is highly sensitive and offered shorter turnaround times and lower instrument demands than PCR-based assays. (cdc.gov)
Our findings demonstrate that CRISPR-GBS is rapid and easy-to-use, having a low instrument requirement and a level of sensitivity that surpasses PCR-based assays. (cdc.gov)
Do you think CRISPR-based testing will replace PCR assays? (scientificamerican.com)
Learn how InCELL cell-based binding assays can be used to detect compound cell entry and engagement to specific targets including enzymes, PROTACs, and epigenetic, plasma membrane, and ER proteins. (discoverx.com)
Learn how PathHunter® signaling reporter assays can be used to evaluate the cellular impact of therapeutics targeting a variety of proteins in NFkB, NFAT, and STAT3 signaling pathways. (discoverx.com)
Here we have established a robust, scalable, and automated arrayed CRISPR nuclease (CRISPRn) screening workflow for SAECs which can be combined with a myriad of disease-specific endpoint assays. (slas-discovery.org)

They included a sort of molecular lock that connected newly joined segments, a lock to which a key, a protein-cutting enzyme, could be supplied. (genengnews.com)
CRISPR is a technology that allows you to target any particular gene, and you can think of it almost as a molecular scissor. (scientificamerican.com)
[ 23 ] Of note, none of these interference samples triggered a false-positive reaction (Figure 2, panel C). Altogether, these analytical evaluations suggest that CRISPR-GBS, with its great sensitivity and specificity, is a promising molecular assay for GBS detection. (medscape.com)
Here we present CRISPR-UMI (Unique Molecular Identifier), a single cell tracing approach, providing a robust screening method that can detect, and thus overcome, cellular heterogeneity and clonal outliers. (researchsquare.com)
Exosomes contain various molecular constituents of their cell of origin, including proteins and RNA. (exosome-rna.com)
Because partner specificity relies on only a handful of residues in each protein, two-component signaling pathways are amenable to systematic investigations into molecular recognition. (mit.edu)

CRISPR/Cas9 KO plasmids, Double Nickase Plasmids and CRISPR/dCas9 Activation plasmids are considered a "Licensed Product" and are to be used in accordance with the Limited License. (scbt.com)

CRISPR-Cas technologies have enabled programmable gene editing in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. (nature.com)
The diversity of CRISPR-Cas systems have been suggested to be attributed to the evolutionary arms-race between prokaryotes and their invaders [ 11 - 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

CRISPR/Cas has been widely used as a programmable tool for gene editing and other in vivo applications since 2013 ( 12 - 14 ). (cdc.gov)
The strength of this new CRISPR screening method is its robustness towards clonal heterogeneity and clonal outliers and is therefore expected to be most useful in challenging biological screens with strong bottlenecks and clonal effects such as organoid or in-vivo screens. (researchsquare.com)
To do this, I am employing an in vivo technique called CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) to artificially "write" H3K9me3 marks to nucleosomes near strongly-bound pioneer factor binding sites throughout the genome. (genestogenomes.org)

In a paper published today in Nature titled "Two distinct RNase activities of CRISPR-C2c2 enable guide-RNA processing and RNA detection," the researchers were able to show that C2c2 has not one, as previously thought, but two distinct RNA cutting activities that in concert can be harnessed for robust RNA detection and degradation. (berkeley.edu)
We developed a simple-to-use, rapid, CRISPR-based assay for GBS detection. (cdc.gov)
A comparison of main traits of the Cas proteins utilized for CRISPR-based SARS-CoV-2 detection is presented in Table 1, which includes their targeting needs (for example PAM and protospacer flanking sequence (PFS) and guide RNA requirements), cis- and trans-cleavage activities, and on- and off-target substrates.Table 1. (adenosine-kinase.com)
An Overview of CRISPR-Dx Workflow The typical workflow of a CRISPR-Dx for COVID-19 consists of RNA extraction, reverse transcription (RT), target amplification, Cas assay, and collateral cleavage activity detection as shown in Figure 2A. (adenosine-kinase.com)
To address the challenges in clinical GBS screening, we aimed to develop a rapid, highly sensitive, and simple-to-use GBS assay by combining an RPA reaction with a CRISPR/Cas13 step for target detection. (medscape.com)
CRISPR-GBS managed to detect samples at 30 CFU/mL in 6 of 10 runs and at 60 CFU/mL in all 10 replicates (Figure 2, panel A). We further assessed the limit of detection of CRISPR-GBS by titrations of copies per reaction. (medscape.com)
Therefore, CRISPR-based approaches are expected to be developed as attractive alternatives to conventional RT-PCR methods for the efficient and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2. (medscape.com)
Recent advances in the field of CRISPR-based biosensing technologies for SARS-CoV-2 detection and insights into their potential use in many applications are reviewed in this article. (medscape.com)

The tight association of the CRISPR-Cas immunity systems with predicted toxins that, upon activation, would induce dormancy or cell death suggests that adaptive immunity and dormancy/suicide response are functionally coupled. (semanticscholar.org)
CRISPR arrays are comprised of short DNA segments, known as spacers provide a cornerstone to CRISPR-Cas derived adaptive immunity. (biomedcentral.com)

The predicted protein sequence alterations due to these mutations included frameshift and truncated protein due to premature stop codons. (vanderbilt.edu)
DNA cleavage guided by a single CRISPR RNA generated large deletions (7-424 kilobases) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa with near-100% efficiency, while Cas9 yielded small deletions and point mutations. (nature.com)

The development of CRISPR systems to facilitate the editing of genomes has created great excitement and inspired new ideas in engineering biology. (aiche.org)
Spacers, which were originally segments of the invaders' genomes, retain the memory of past immunological encounters and are primarily acquired as a result of Cas protein complex mediated acquisition [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Ethical concerns arise when genome editing, using technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9, is used to alter human genomes. (medlineplus.gov)
Komor AC, Badran AH, Liu DR. CRISPR-Based Technologies for the Manipulation of Eukaryotic Genomes. (medlineplus.gov)

In their announcement, the ASCB award committee noted two significant contributions Denic has made to the fields of membrane protein biogenesis and autophagy-a vesicular transport process that captures unwanted intracellular structures and targets them to the cell's recycling compartment. (harvard.edu)
Adaptor protein 2 (AP2), a heterotetrameric complex comprising AP2α, AP2β2, AP2μ2 and AP2σ2 subunits, is ubiquitously expressed and involved in endocytosis and trafficking of membrane proteins, such as the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a G-protein coupled receptor that signals via Gα11. (birmingham.ac.uk)

We show that AcrE1 binds to the CRISPR-associated helicase/nuclease Cas3 and that the C-terminal region of the anti-CRISPR protein is important for its inhibitory activity. (inrs.ca)

These peptide arrays--glass slides covered with thousands of tiny protein fragments--were used to observe the formation of the long fibers key to certain neurodegenerative diseases. (mit.edu)
To glean insights into the mechanics that enable amyloid formation, Peter Tessier, a postdoctoral scientist in Lindquist's lab, used peptide arrays--glass slides covered with thousands of tiny protein fragments. (mit.edu)
Traditionally, these arrays are used for finding binding sites within well-behaved proteins. (mit.edu)
Here, Tessier designed the arrays so that he could observe protein folding and amyloid formation in real time. (mit.edu)
The repetitive structure of CRISPR arrays poses a computational challenge for the accurate assembly of CRISPR arrays from short reads. (biomedcentral.com)
We introduce compressed spacer graphs, a visual abstraction of spacer sharing CRISPR arrays, to provide a simplified view of complex organizational structures present within CRISPR array dynamics. (biomedcentral.com)
Several observations have promoted hypotheses to explain the modes in which spacers could be lost within CRISPR arrays. (biomedcentral.com)

Analytical assessment of the sensitivity and specificity of CRISPR-based diagnostic for rapid GBS screening. (medscape.com)
The latest research shows that CRISPR-based approaches can rapidly and efficiently detect SARS-CoV-2 with high sensitivity and specificity at isothermal conditions. (medscape.com)

reconstituted the convergence of two replisomes using purified budding yeast proteins. (cell.com)

An updated evolutionary classification of CRISPR-Cas systems. (nature.com)
Alternative non-viral delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9 are urgently needed. (nih.gov)

This is achieved through forming a DNA-RNA triplex that recruits histone acetyltransferase p300/CBP and other associated effector proteins to the gene promoter. (biomedcentral.com)

Here, we present structural and func-tional analyses of AcrIIA6, an Acr from virulentphages, exploring its unique anti-CRISPR action.Our cryo-EM structures and functional data ofAcrIIA6 binding toStreptococcus thermophilusCas9 (St1Cas9) show that AcrIIA6 acts as an allo-steric inhibitor and induces St1Cas9 dimerization.AcrIIA6 reduces St1Cas9 binding affinity for DNAand prevents DNA binding within cells. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
As such, here, we obtain three structures of previously unresolved Acr proteins (AcrF9, AcrF8, and AcrF6) bound to the Csy complex using electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM), with resolution at 2.57 Å, 3.42 Å, and 3.15 Å, respectively. (osti.gov)
Our structures also show unambiguously how these Acr proteins bind differently to the Csy complex. (osti.gov)
Structures of Neisseria meningitidis Cas9 Complexes in Catalytically Poised and Anti-CRISPR-Inhibited States. (umassmed.edu)
Neuronal ERV expression was linked to activated microglia and the presence of ERV-derived proteins in aggregate-like structures. (lu.se)

Abcam: antibodies, proteins, kits. (abcam.com)
The scope of this study encompasses an investigation of the markets cell and gene therapy tools such as GMP proteins, media, cell separation and activation reagents, viral and non-viral, cytokine release syndrome monitoring products, GMP antibodies, leukapheresis instrumentation, immunoassays (multiplex and singleplex) and bioreactors. (medgadget.com)

The results are providing insight into the relationship of protein structure, function, and evolution. (mit.edu)

The approach used a revolutionary gene-editing technique called CRISPR , which allows scientists to make very precise changes in DNA. (nhpr.org)
She led a group of 18 - including scientists who use CRISPR and two ethicists - to pen a letter to Science magazine in March. (cosmosmagazine.com)

We offer tools and solutions for every step in the CRISPR genome editing workflow. (thermofisher.com)

The amplification step is usually necessary because the low amount of target sequence within a clinical specimen is undetectable by the Cas protein [35,44]. (adenosine-kinase.com)
Chiu says that it will take about two weeks to develop the CRISPR test for clinical lab use-and that a point-of-care version could be ready in as little as two to three months. (scientificamerican.com)
The Long-haul and vaccine adverse event knowledge-base is updated daily and provides the latest science-based research findings concerning the chronic conditions that long-haul sufferers experience and the research findings of basic and clinical researchers who are working to understand the causes of the damage that appear throughout the body from the virus and the spike proteins that are responsible for them. (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
The promise of gene therapy using technologies such as CRISPR is starting to be realized in clinical trials, and markets are scaling up to treat other diseases as well, particularly rare gene- based diseases. (medgadget.com)

We are using insights from transcription factors that sense protein unfolding to create synthetic transcriptional programs that have the potential to promote longevity by delaying protein unfolding in old cells. (harvard.edu)

Buxbaum, who has long studied TTR, pointed out that under some conditions TTR can form amyloid fibers itself, and it could be this ability that gives TTR the structural characteristics to interrupt amyloid formation by other proteins, such as CsgA. (phys.org)
Unique mechanical and structural properties arise from silk fibroin-based materials when these proteins are rendered water-insoluble through a process that results in the collapse of the linearized. (aiche.org)

This strategy takes advantage of both the polymerase-mediated DNA amplification and the CRISPR/Cas-mediated enzymatic signal amplification for greater sensitivity. (medscape.com)
FGFR1 gene amplification prevalence was compared to protein expression in the same set of patients. (uni-goettingen.de)
Statistical analysis showed no correlation between FGFR1 gene amplification and protein expression in lung cancer patients. (uni-goettingen.de)
To conclude, the current thesis confirmed previously published prevalence of FGFR1 gene amplification (23% in SQCLC and 8% in SCLC) and protein expression (9% in SQCLC, 4% in SCLC and 35% in AC) in lung cancer patients. (uni-goettingen.de)

Acr proteins against the Csy complex. (osti.gov)
Proteins are the cell's workhorses, and they need to fold into complex and precise shapes to do their jobs. (mit.edu)
CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing complex. (scientificamerican.com)

This began to change with the discovery of proteins purpose-built to modify DNA: so-called zinc finger nuclei in the 1990s and TALENS in 2009. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Genome editing with CRISPR/Cas9 or TALENs has become an essential tool for working with nematodes [3,4,5]. (wormbook.org)

Unlike more commonly used CRISPR-based technologies, CRISPRi is used to modulate expression from the genome rather than to modify the genome. (measurebiology.org)

The premise of Verve Therapeutics' new therapy is a gene-editing software known as CRISPR , which stands for Clustered Frequently Interspaced Brief Palindromic Repeats. (therisingsunonline.com)

Bypass the trial-and-error phase with step-by-step CRISPR protocols optimized for efficiency, viability, and reproducibility across a range of cell types and gene targets. (thermofisher.com)

Hsu PD, Lander ES, Zhang F. Development and applications of CRISPR-Cas9 for genome engineering. (medlineplus.gov)

CRISPR comprises two key molecules. (reason.com)
Learn how to easily detect target protein turnover induced by targeted degrader molecules, such as PROTACs (trademark of Arvinas). (discoverx.com)
In this method, catalytically dead Cas9 is fused to a H3K9me3-writing protein domain, which is targeted to a pioneer factor binding site via guide RNA molecules specific to the region of interest. (genestogenomes.org)

Anatomy2

Organisms43

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs25

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes69

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science6

Health Care1

Geographicals2

Sequence- and structure-specific RNA processing by a CRISPR endonuclease. (1/48)

A dual function of the CRISPR-Cas system in bacterial antivirus immunity and DNA repair. (2/48)

CRISPR immunity relies on the consecutive binding and degradation of negatively supercoiled invader DNA by Cascade and Cas3. (3/48)

Csy4 relies on an unusual catalytic dyad to position and cleave CRISPR RNA. (4/48)

Function and regulation of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) / CRISPR associated (Cas) systems. (5/48)

Genetic determinants of PAM-dependent DNA targeting and pre-crRNA processing in Sulfolobus islandicus. (6/48)

RcsB-BglJ-mediated activation of Cascade operon does not induce the maturation of CRISPR RNAs in E. coli K12. (7/48)

Comparative analysis ofCas6b processing and CRISPR RNA stability. (8/48)

No images available that match "crispr associated proteins"

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats

Inverted Repeat Sequences

CRISPR-Associated Proteins

CRISPR-Cas Systems

DNA, Intergenic

Streptococcus thermophilus

RNA, Guide

RNA, Archaeal

RNA Cleavage

Sulfolobus solfataricus

Archaeal Viruses

Pectobacterium

Genome, Archaeal

Streptococcus Phages

Bacteriophages

DNA Cleavage

Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid

Gene Expression Regulation, Archaeal

RNA, Bacterial

Genome, Bacterial

Prophages

Archaeal Proteins

Pseudomonas Phages

Pyrococcus furiosus

Archaea

Thermoproteus

DNA, Bacterial

Genetic Loci

Base Sequence

RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional

Nucleotide Motifs

Molecular Sequence Data

Thermococcales

Sequence Analysis, DNA

Clostridium thermocellum

Haloferax mediterranei

Pyrococcus abyssi

DNA, Archaeal

Erwinia amylovora

Prokaryotic Cells

Macrocephaly

Gene Transfer, Horizontal

Plasmids

Escherichia coli K12

Genetic Engineering

Haloarcula

Metagenomics

Sulfolobus

Evolution, Molecular

Interspersed Repetitive Sequences

Phylogeny

Endoribonucleases

Geobacillus

Rudiviridae

Mannheimia

Rosaceae

New Hampshire

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Deoxyribonucleases

Bacterial Proteins

Crenarchaeota

Viruses

Conserved Sequence

Escherichia coli

Bacteria

Hot Springs

Genes, Bacterial

Recombinational DNA Repair

Haloferax volcanii

Gene Targeting

Thermotoga neapolitana

Gene Knock-In Techniques

Lysogeny

Multilocus Sequence Typing

Gardnerella vaginalis

Endodeoxyribonucleases

Genome

INDEL Mutation

Genetic Variation

Genes, Archaeal