Crime
Crime Victims
Violence
Criminal Psychology
Police
Criminal Law
National Socialism
Criminology
Residence Characteristics
Urban Renewal
Forensic Sciences
Environment Design
Juvenile Delinquency
Forensic Genetics
Forensic Psychiatry
War Crimes
Holocaust
Architecture as Topic
Milieu Therapy
Drug and Narcotic Control
Prisoners
Licensure
Eponyms
Commerce
Blood Stains
Social Control, Formal
Safety
Torture
Psychology, Social
Lie Detection
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Public Policy
World War II
Evaluation of the Norwegian campaign against the illegal spirits trade. (1/708)
In 1993, a 21m NOK (3m US$) national campaign against trade with illegal spirits (homebrewed or smuggled) was launched in Norway. This article reports results of its evaluation study. Surveys covering the age range 16-80 were carried out just before the campaign started and 1 year later. Half of those responding at baseline as well as a new sample were surveyed after 1 year. While at baseline 48% reported to have drunk and 16% to have bought illegal spirits during the last 12 months, the corresponding figures after 1 year were 42 and 14%. Significant associations between being exposed to the campaign and reduced use and buying of illegal spirits were found. Further, use and buying of illegal spirits at baseline, and stopping to use and buy illegal spirits from baseline to follow-up were analyzed in bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. In the multivariate prediction of stopping to use illegal spirits, only behavioral norms and significant others' opinions (both measured at baseline) obtained significance. (+info)International developments in abortion law from 1988 to 1998. (2/708)
OBJECTIVES: In 2 successive decades since 1967, legal accommodation of abortion has grown in many countries. The objective of this study was to assess whether liberalizing trends have been maintained in the last decade and whether increased protection of women's human rights has influenced legal reform. METHODS: A worldwide review was conducted of legislation and judicial rulings affecting abortion, and legal reforms were measured against governmental commitments made under international human rights treaties and at United Nations conferences. RESULTS: Since 1987, 26 jurisdictions have extended grounds for lawful abortion, and 4 countries have restricted grounds. Additional limits on access to legal abortion services include restrictions on funding of services, mandatory counseling and reflection delay requirements, third-party authorizations, and blockades of abortion clinics. CONCLUSIONS: Progressive liberalization has moved abortion laws from a focus on punishment toward concern with women's health and welfare and with their human rights. However, widespread maternal mortality and morbidity show that reform must be accompanied by accessible abortion services and improved contraceptive care and information. (+info)Darryl, a cartoon-based measure of cardinal posttraumatic stress symptoms in school-age children. (3/708)
OBJECTIVES: This report examines the reliability and validity of Darryl, a cartoon-based measure of the cardinal symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHODS: We measured exposure to community violence through the reports of children and their parents and then administered Darryl to a sample of 110 children aged 7 to 9 residing in urban neighborhoods with high crime rates. RESULTS: Darryl's reliability is excellent overall and is acceptable for the reexperiencing, avoidance, and arousal subscales, considered separately. Child reports of exposure to community violence were significantly associated with child reports of PTSD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Darryl possesses acceptable psychometric properties in a sample of children with frequent exposure to community violence. (+info)Evaluating the impact of a street barrier on urban crime. (4/708)
OBJECTIVES: Violence is a major urban public health problem in the United States. The impact of a physical barrier placed across a street in a public housing project to prevent street violence and drug activity was evaluated. METHODS: Hartford Police Department data on violent and drug related crime incidence within the housing project containing the barrier were analyzed by use of a computerized geographic information system. RESULTS: Violent crime decreased 33% on the intervention street during the 15 month period after erection of the barrier, compared with the 15 month period before erection of the barrier, but there was no change in drug related crime. On adjoining streets and surrounding blocks, violent crime decreased 30%-50% but drug related crimes roughly doubled. A non-adjacent area of the housing project and the entire city experienced 26% and 15% decreases in violent crimes, and 414% and 25% increases in drug crimes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The barrier decreased violent crime but displaced drug crimes to surrounding areas of the housing project. These results have important implications for other cities that have erected or are considering erecting similar barriers. (+info)Rapid gas chromatographic analysis of drugs of forensic interest. (5/708)
High-speed gas chromatographic (GC) screening for drugs of forensic relevance is performed using a commercial Flash GC instrument in which the chromatographic column is resistively heated at rates of up to 30 degrees C/s. Temperature programming conditions are varied in an experiment designed to evaluate trade-offs between resolution and analysis time for a mixture of 19 drugs of abuse. All 19 components can be separated with excellent resolution in 90 s. Specific analytes can be analyzed even faster; for example, amphetamine analysis is completed in less than 20 s. Case studies of confiscated street drugs containing amphetamine, cocaine, and heroin are analyzed to evaluate the retention time repeatability. Ten replicate injections over a 2-day period for 3 different drug samples achieved retention time relative standard deviations in the range of 0.48 to 0.81%. (+info)Outcome of long stay psychiatric patients resettled in the community: prospective cohort study. (6/708)
OBJECTIVE: To examine the outcome of a population of long stay psychiatric patients resettled in the community. DESIGN: Prospective study with 5 year follow up. SETTING: Over 140 residential settings in north London. SUBJECTS: 670 long stay patients from two London hospitals (Friern and Claybury) discharged to the community from 1985 to 1993. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Continuity and quality of residential care, readmission to hospital, mortality, crime, and vagrancy. RESULTS: Of the 523 patients who survived the 5 year follow up period, 469 (89.6%) were living in the community by the end of follow up, 310 (59.2%) in their original community placement. A third (210) of all patients were readmitted at least once. Crime and homelessness presented few problems. Standardised mortality ratios for the group were comparable with those reported for similar populations. CONCLUSIONS: When carefully planned and adequately resourced, community care for long stay psychiatric patients is beneficial to most individuals and has minimal detrimental effects on society. (+info)A case of aldicarb poisoning: a possible murder attempt. (7/708)
A couple showing signs of cholinergic crisis was admitted to the hospital. Analyses with high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry conducted on serum, urine, and stomach contents that were collected few hours after first symptoms showed the presence of aldicarb, which is the most potent carbamate insecticide on the market. A murder attempt was suspected because the patients showed the first signs some minutes after drinking coffee upon returning home and no commercial products containing aldicarb were found in the house. Because of the reversibility of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, the patients recovered after treatment with atropine and toxogonin. They left the hospital after 12 days. To our knowledge, the serum concentrations of aldicarb reported in this paper are the highest reported for a nonfatal case. (+info)Prevalence and correlates of survival sex among runaway and homeless youth. (8/708)
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the prevalence and correlates of survival sex among runaway and homeless youths. METHODS: A nationally representative sample of shelter youths and a multicity sample of street youths were interviewed. RESULTS: Approximately 28% of street youths and 10% of shelter youths reported having participated in survival sex, which was associated with age, days away from home, victimization, criminal behaviors, substance use, suicide attempts, sexually transmitted disease, and pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Intensive and ongoing services are needed to provide resources and residential assistance to enable runaway and homeless youths to avoid survival sex, which is associated with many problem behaviors. (+info)I am not a medical professional, but I can tell you that the term "crime" is typically not used in a medical context. A crime is a violation of laws or regulations established by a government and enforced by its authorities. It's a legal concept, not a medical one. However, there are some overlaps between criminal behavior and mental health, as certain mental health conditions may increase the risk of criminal behavior. But it's essential to understand that having a mental health condition does not automatically make someone a criminal.
A crime victim is a person who has suffered direct or threatened physical, emotional, or financial harm as a result of the commission of a crime. According to the United States Department of Justice, victims of crime may experience a range of negative effects including physical injury, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and financial losses.
Crime victimization can take many forms, such as assault, robbery, homicide, sexual assault, domestic violence, child abuse, identity theft, and fraud. In addition to the immediate harm caused by criminal acts, victims may also face long-term challenges related to their recovery, including emotional trauma, difficulty trusting others, and economic instability.
Many countries have laws and policies in place to support crime victims and provide them with access to resources and services. These can include victim compensation programs, counseling and therapy services, and legal assistance. In the United States, for example, the Victims of Crime Act (VOCA) provides funding for victim services through a federal grant program administered by the Office for Victims of Crime (OVC).
Overall, the medical definition of 'crime victims' refers to individuals who have been directly or indirectly harmed by criminal behavior and may require support and resources to help them recover from their experiences.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "theft" is not a term that has a medical definition. Theft is a legal term that refers to the unlawful taking of another's property without their consent and with the intent to deprive the owner of that property permanently. If you have any questions related to healthcare or medicine, I would be happy to try to help answer those for you!
Violence is not typically defined in medical terms, but it can be described as the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation. This definition is often used in public health and medical research to understand the impact of violence on health outcomes.
A criminal is an individual who has been found guilty of committing a crime or offense, as defined by law. Crimes can range from minor infractions to serious felonies and can include acts such as theft, fraud, assault, homicide, and many others. The legal system determines whether someone is a criminal through a formal process that includes investigation, arrest, charging, trial, and sentencing. It's important to note that being accused of a crime does not automatically make someone a criminal; they are only considered a criminal after they have been found guilty in a court of law.
Criminal psychology is a subfield of psychology that focuses on the study of the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of individuals who commit crimes. It involves understanding the motives, emotions, and cognitive processes underlying criminal behavior in order to help explain why some people engage in illegal activities. Criminal psychologists may also apply their knowledge to assist in the investigation and prevention of crime, such as by providing profiles of unknown offenders or consulting on jail and prison management.
Criminal psychology is a multidisciplinary field that draws upon various areas of psychology, including developmental, social, cognitive, and forensic psychology, as well as other disciplines such as criminology and sociology. It involves the use of scientific methods to study criminal behavior, including observational studies, surveys, experiments, and case studies.
Criminal psychologists may work in a variety of settings, including law enforcement agencies, forensic hospitals, prisons, and academic institutions. They may also provide expert testimony in court cases or consult with attorneys on legal issues related to criminal behavior.
Firearms are not a medical condition or disease, so they do not have a medical definition. However, I can provide you with a general definition:
A firearm is a portable gun, being a weapon consisting of a tube or barrel from which shots, shells, or bullets are discharged by the action of gunpowder or other explosive. Firearms may be manual, semi-automatic, or automatic in their operation and can vary in size, shape, and capacity. They are used for various purposes, including hunting, sport shooting, self-defense, and law enforcement. It is important to note that the possession, use, and regulation of firearms are subject to laws and regulations that vary by country and jurisdiction.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Law Enforcement" is a term that refers to the system or agencies responsible for enforcing laws and maintaining public order and safety. It is not a medical term. However, I can provide you with some related terms that are used in the medical field:
* Forensic science: The application of scientific methods and techniques to investigations by law enforcement agencies or courts of law.
* Forensic psychiatry: A medical subspecialty that deals with the application of clinical psychiatric knowledge to legal issues, such as determining competency to stand trial or assessing criminal responsibility.
* Forensic psychology: The application of psychological principles and methods to legal issues, such as evaluating a defendant's mental state at the time of an offense.
* Medical examiner/Coroner: A physician who investigates and determines the cause and manner of death in cases of sudden, unexpected or violent death. They are often called upon by law enforcement agencies to assist in death investigations.
I apologize for the confusion, but "Police" is not a medical term. It refers to a civil force that maintains order, prevents and detects crime, and enforces laws. If you have any medical terms or concepts you would like me to explain, please let me know!
Homicide is a legal term used to describe the taking of another human life. It is not a medical diagnosis, but rather a legal concept that may result in criminal charges. In medical terms, it might be referred to as "unnatural death" or "violent death." The term itself does not carry a connotation of guilt or innocence; it simply describes the factual occurrence of one person causing the death of another.
The legal definition of homicide varies by jurisdiction and can encompass a range of criminal charges, from manslaughter to murder, depending on the circumstances and intent behind the act.
Forensic medicine, also known as legal medicine or medical jurisprudence, is a branch of medicine that deals with the application of medical knowledge to legal issues and questions. It involves the examination, interpretation, and analysis of medical evidence for use in courts of law. This may include determining the cause and manner of death, identifying injuries or diseases, assessing the effects of substances or treatments, and evaluating the competency or capacity of individuals. Forensic medicine is often used in criminal investigations and court cases, but it can also be applied to civil matters such as personal injury claims or medical malpractice suits.
Criminal law is a system of laws that governs criminal behavior and prescribes punishment for offenses. It defines conduct that is considered illegal and punishable by the state or federal government, and outlines the process for investigating, charging, and trying individuals accused of committing crimes. Criminal laws are designed to protect society from harm and maintain social order.
Crimes can be classified as either misdemeanors or felonies, depending on their severity. Misdemeanors are less serious offenses that are typically punishable by fines, community service, or short jail sentences. Felonies, on the other hand, are more serious crimes that can result in significant prison time and even the death penalty in some jurisdictions.
Examples of criminal offenses include murder, manslaughter, robbery, burglary, theft, assault, battery, sexual assault, fraud, and drug trafficking. Criminal laws vary from state to state and country to country, so it is important to consult with a qualified attorney if you are facing criminal charges.
National Socialism, also known as Nazism, is not a medical term. It is a political ideology that originated in Germany in the early 20th century and was associated with the Nazi Party and its leader, Adolf Hitler. The ideology was characterized by extreme nationalism, racism, anti-Semitism, and totalitarianism.
While National Socialism is not a medical term, it has had significant impacts on the history of medicine, particularly during World War II when the Nazi regime implemented policies that led to the systematic persecution and murder of millions of people, including six million Jews in the Holocaust. The Nazi regime also conducted unethical medical experiments on prisoners in concentration camps, which have been widely condemned.
Therefore, while National Socialism is not a medical term, it is important for medical professionals to be aware of its historical context and the ways in which political ideologies can impact medical ethics and practice.
Criminology is the scientific study of crime, criminals, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system. It involves the application of various social sciences, including sociology, psychology, and anthropology, to understand and explain these phenomena. The field of criminology also encompasses the development and evaluation of policies and interventions aimed at preventing and controlling crime, as well as understanding the impact of those policies on individuals and communities.
Criminologists may study a wide range of topics related to crime, such as the causes of criminal behavior, the social and economic factors that contribute to crime, the effectiveness of different criminal justice policies and interventions, and the experiences of victims of crime. They may also conduct research on specific types of crime, such as violent crime, property crime, white-collar crime, or cybercrime.
The ultimate goal of criminology is to develop a better understanding of crime and the criminal justice system in order to inform policy and practice, and ultimately reduce crime and improve public safety.
I'm happy to help, but I need to clarify that "residence characteristics" is not a commonly used medical term. It is more related to the field of public health or epidemiology. However, if you are asking for the characteristics of a residence that could be relevant to medical or health research, they might include:
1. Housing type (single-family home, apartment, mobile home, etc.)
2. Age and condition of the housing unit
3. Presence of environmental hazards (lead paint, asbestos, radon, etc.)
4. Quality of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems
5. Access to clean water and sanitation facilities
6. Safety features (smoke detectors, carbon monoxide detectors, etc.)
7. Presence of pests (rodents, cockroaches, bed bugs, etc.)
8. Neighborhood characteristics (crime rates, access to healthy food options, walkability, etc.)
These factors can all have an impact on the health outcomes of individuals and communities, and are often studied in public health research.
I must clarify that "Urban Renewal" is not a medical term, but rather a term used in urban planning and community development. It refers to the process of improving and redeveloping blighted or deteriorated areas within a city or urban setting through various means such as demolition, renovation, or new construction.
However, I can provide you with a medical definition related to the concept of renewal in the context of human physiology:
"Renewal (in medicine) refers to the process of replacing or regenerating damaged or lost cells, tissues, or organs within the body through natural means. This is an ongoing process that occurs continuously throughout a person's life, and it plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and well-being."
If you have any questions related to medical definitions or healthcare topics, please don't hesitate to ask!
Forensic sciences is the application of scientific methods and techniques to investigations by law enforcement agencies or courts of law. It involves the use of various scientific disciplines, such as chemistry, biology, physics, and psychology, to assist in the examination of physical evidence, interpretation of crime scene data, and evaluation of behavioral patterns. The goal is to provide objective information that can help establish the facts of a case and contribute to the administration of justice.
Forensic science encompasses several sub-disciplines, including forensic biology (DNA analysis, serology, and forensic anthropology), forensic chemistry (drug analysis, toxicology, and digital forensics), forensic physics (firearms and toolmark identification, ballistics, and digital forensics), and forensic psychology (criminal profiling, eyewitness testimony, and legal psychology).
The ultimate objective of forensic sciences is to provide unbiased, scientifically validated information that can aid in the investigation and prosecution of criminal cases, as well as protect the rights of defendants and promote the integrity of the legal system.
I couldn't find a medical definition specifically for "environment design." However, in the context of healthcare and public health, "environmental design" generally refers to the process of creating or modifying physical spaces to promote health, prevent injury and illness, and improve overall well-being. This can include designing hospitals, clinics, and other healthcare facilities to optimize patient care, as well as creating community spaces that encourage physical activity and social interaction. Environmental design can also involve reducing exposure to environmental hazards, such as air pollution or noise, to protect public health.
Rape is a legal term and its exact definition varies by jurisdiction. However, in general, rape is a type of sexual assault involving sexual penetration without the consent of the victim. This can include vaginal, anal, or oral penetration with any body part or object. In many places, rape also includes situations where the victim is unable to give consent due to factors such as age, mental incapacity, or being under the influence of drugs or alcohol. It's important to note that force, threat of force, or coercion do not necessarily have to be present for the act to be considered rape, and lack of consent is the crucial factor.
Juvenile delinquency is a term used in the legal system to describe illegal activities or behaviors committed by minors, typically defined as individuals under the age of 18. It's important to note that the specific definition and handling of juvenile delinquency can vary based on different jurisdictions and legal systems around the world.
The term is often used to describe a pattern of behavior where a young person repeatedly engages in criminal activities or behaviors that violate the laws of their society. These actions, if committed by an adult, would be considered criminal offenses.
Juvenile delinquency is handled differently than adult offenses, with a focus on rehabilitation rather than punishment. The goal is to address the root causes of the behavior, which could include factors like family environment, social pressures, mental health issues, or substance abuse. Interventions may include counseling, education programs, community service, or, in more serious cases, residential placement in a juvenile detention facility.
However, it's important to remember that the specifics of what constitutes juvenile delinquency and how it's handled can vary greatly depending on the legal system and cultural context.
Forensic genetics is a branch of forensic science that involves the use of genetic methods and technologies to establish identity or determine relationships between individuals in legal investigations. It primarily deals with the analysis of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) samples collected from crime scenes, victims, or suspects to generate profiles that can be compared in order to identify individuals or link them to evidence.
Forensic genetics also includes other applications such as:
1. Parentage testing: Determining biological relationships between family members, often used in cases of disputed paternity or immigration cases.
2. Disaster victim identification: Identifying victims in mass disasters by comparing DNA samples from recovered remains with those from relatives.
3. Ancestry analysis: Inferring an individual's geographical origin or population affiliations based on their genetic markers.
4. Forensic phenotyping: Predicting physical traits like appearance, hair color, and eye color from DNA samples to assist in identifying unknown individuals.
The main goal of forensic genetics is to provide unbiased, scientific evidence that can aid in criminal investigations and legal proceedings while adhering to strict ethical guidelines and quality standards.
Forensic psychiatry is a subspecialty of psychiatry that intersects with the law. It involves providing psychiatric expertise to legal systems and institutions. Forensic psychiatrists conduct evaluations, provide treatment, and offer expert testimony in criminal, civil, and legislative matters. They assess issues such as competency to stand trial, insanity, risk assessment, and testamentary capacity. Additionally, they may be involved in the treatment of offenders in correctional settings and providing consultation on mental health policies and laws. Forensic psychiatry requires a thorough understanding of both psychiatric and legal principles, as well as the ability to communicate complex psychiatric concepts to legal professionals and laypersons alike.
I am not a medical professional, but I can tell you that the term "war crimes" is a legal concept and does not fall under the category of medical definitions. War crimes are serious violations of international humanitarian law committed in armed conflicts. They include acts such as deliberate attacks on civilians or civilian infrastructure, torture, hostage-taking, and the use of weapons that cause unnecessary suffering or superfluous injury.
If you have any questions related to medical definitions or health-related topics, I would be happy to try to help answer them!
I must clarify that the term "Holocaust" is primarily used in a historical and cultural context, rather than in a medical one. It refers to the systematic state-sponsored persecution and genocide of six million European Jews by Nazi Germany and its collaborators during World War II. This atrocity took place from 1941 to 1945 and is widely considered to be one of the darkest chapters in human history.
However, if you are looking for a medical term that may have some thematic or conceptual similarities to the Holocaust, you might consider "mass casualty incident" or "mass atrocity." These terms describe events where numerous individuals suffer serious injuries or fatalities due to intentional human actions or natural disasters.
Medical Definition:
Mass Casualty Incident (MCI): An event in which the number of injured or deceased victims exceeds the local resources available to respond effectively. MCIs can result from natural disasters, transportation accidents, or intentional acts such as terrorist attacks.
Mass Atrocity: A large-scale and deliberate act of violence committed against a civilian population, often involving multiple incidents of murder, torture, forced displacement, or other forms of human rights abuses. The Holocaust is an example of a mass atrocity.
The term "architecture" in the context of medicine typically refers to the design and organization of complex systems, such as those found in healthcare. This can include the layout and design of physical spaces, such as hospitals and clinics, as well as the structure and function of information systems used to manage patient data and support clinical decision-making.
In healthcare architecture, there is a focus on creating safe, efficient, and patient-centered environments that promote healing and well-being. This may involve considerations such as natural light, air quality, noise levels, and access to nature, as well as the use of evidence-based design principles to support best practices in care.
Healthcare architecture also encompasses the design of medical equipment and devices, as well as the development of new technologies to support diagnosis, treatment, and research. In all cases, the goal is to create systems and solutions that are safe, effective, and responsive to the needs of patients and healthcare providers.
Forensic pathology is a subspecialty of pathology that focuses on determining the cause and manner of death by examining a corpse. It involves applying scientific knowledge and techniques to investigate criminal or suspicious deaths, often in conjunction with law enforcement agencies. A forensic pathologist performs autopsies (postmortem examinations) to evaluate internal and external injuries, diseases, and other conditions that may have contributed to the individual's death. They also collect evidence such as tissue samples, which can be used for toxicological, microbiological, or histological analysis. The information gathered by forensic pathologists is crucial in helping to establish the facts surrounding a person's death and assisting legal proceedings.
Milieu therapy is a type of treatment used in psychiatric and mental health settings that focuses on the environment or "milieu" (French for environment) to promote healing and recovery. The primary goal of milieu therapy is to create a structured, predictable, and supportive social environment that can help individuals learn adaptive behaviors, improve their coping skills, enhance their social interactions, and develop a sense of responsibility and autonomy.
In milieu therapy, the physical and social environments are carefully designed to promote positive changes in behavior, emotion regulation, and interpersonal relationships. The treatment team works collaboratively with patients to establish clear expectations, boundaries, and consequences for behavior, and provides consistent feedback and reinforcement for positive behaviors.
Milieu therapy can take many forms, depending on the setting and the needs of the individuals being treated. Some common elements of milieu therapy include:
* A structured daily routine that includes therapeutic activities, such as group therapy, individual counseling, recreational activities, and educational programs.
* A clearly defined set of rules and expectations for behavior, with consistent consequences for non-compliance and positive reinforcement for adherence.
* Opportunities for social interaction and peer support, including group meetings, community meals, and recreational activities.
* A focus on building skills and competencies in areas such as communication, problem-solving, self-care, and conflict resolution.
* Collaborative decision-making and goal-setting between patients and staff, with regular feedback and progress monitoring.
Milieu therapy is often used in combination with other treatment modalities, such as medication, individual therapy, and family therapy, to provide a comprehensive approach to mental health care. It can be effective for individuals with a wide range of psychiatric disorders, including mood disorders, anxiety disorders, personality disorders, and substance use disorders.
Alcoholic beverages are drinks that contain ethanol (ethyl alcohol), which is produced by the fermentation of yeast, sugars, and starches. The amount of alcohol in a drink is measured in terms of "alcohol content" or "alcohol by volume" (ABV). Different types of alcoholic beverages include:
1. Beer: A fermented beverage made from grains, such as barley, wheat, or rye. The alcohol content of beer typically ranges from 3-6% ABV.
2. Wine: A fermented beverage made from grapes or other fruits. The alcohol content of wine usually falls between 10-15% ABV.
3. Spirits (or liquors): Distilled beverages with higher alcohol content, typically ranging from 40-50% ABV. Examples include vodka, whiskey, rum, gin, and tequila.
4. Fortified wines: Wines that have had a distilled spirit added to them, increasing their alcohol content. Examples include port, sherry, and madeira, which typically contain 17-20% ABV.
5. Malt beverages: Fermented beverages made from malted barley or other grains, with additional flavorings or sweeteners. These can range in alcohol content from around 4-8% ABV.
It is important to note that excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages can lead to various health issues, including addiction, liver disease, and an increased risk of accidents and injuries. Moderate drinking is generally defined as up to one drink per day for women and up to two drinks per day for men, although individual tolerance and sensitivity to alcohol may vary.
"Drug and narcotic control" refers to the regulation and oversight of drugs and narcotics, including their production, distribution, and use. This is typically carried out by governmental agencies in order to ensure public safety, prevent abuse and diversion, and protect the health of individuals. The goal of drug and narcotic control is to strike a balance between making sure that medications are available for legitimate medical purposes while also preventing their misuse and illegal sale.
Drug control policies may include measures such as licensing and registration of manufacturers, distributors, and pharmacies; tracking and monitoring of controlled substances; setting standards for prescription practices; and enforcement of laws and regulations related to drug use and trafficking. Narcotic control specifically refers to the regulation of drugs that have a high potential for abuse and are subject to international treaties, such as opioids.
It's important to note that while these regulations aim to protect public health and safety, they can also be controversial and have unintended consequences, such as contributing to drug shortages or creating barriers to access for people who need controlled substances for legitimate medical reasons.
I apologize for any confusion, but "prisoners" is not a medical term. It generally refers to individuals who are deprived of their personal freedom and are being held in a prison or jail as a result of being convicted of a crime or while awaiting trial. If you have any questions related to medical terminology, I would be happy to help!
Infanticide is the act of killing an infant, typically a child under one year of age. In forensic medicine and criminal law, infanticide is often distinguished from homicide in general based on the age of the victim, the mental state of the perpetrator, or other factors.
In some cases, infanticide may be the result of an unplanned or unwanted pregnancy, or it may be related to cultural or societal pressures. In other cases, it may be associated with mental illness or other factors that impair the judgment and decision-making abilities of the perpetrator.
It is important to note that infanticide is a criminal offense in most jurisdictions, and those who are accused of committing this act may face severe legal consequences. At the same time, it is also important to recognize the complex social, cultural, and psychological factors that can contribute to this tragic phenomenon, and to work towards preventing it through education, support, and access to resources for new parents.
Licensure is the process by which a government regulatory agency grants a license to a physician (or other healthcare professional) to practice medicine (or provide healthcare services) in a given jurisdiction. The licensing process typically requires the completion of specific educational and training requirements, passing written and/or practical exams, and meeting other state-specific criteria.
The purpose of licensure is to ensure that healthcare professionals meet minimum standards of competence and safety in order to protect the public. Licensure laws vary by state, so a physician who is licensed to practice medicine in one state may not be able to practice in another state without obtaining additional licensure.
An eponym is a name derived from a person, usually the person who first described a medical condition or invention. In medicine, eponyms are often used to describe specific signs, symptoms, conditions, or diagnostic tests. For example, Alzheimer's disease is named after Alois Alzheimer, who first described the condition in 1906. Similarly, Parkinson's disease is named after James Parkinson, who first described it in 1817.
Eponyms can be helpful in medical communication because they provide a quick and easy way to refer to specific medical concepts. However, they can also be confusing or misleading, especially when the eponym's origin is not well-known or when different eponyms are used for the same concept. Therefore, it is essential to use eponyms appropriately and understand their underlying medical concepts.
Firesetting behavior is not a medical diagnosis itself, but it is a term used to describe the act of deliberately starting fires. It is often associated with certain mental health conditions, developmental disorders, or substance abuse problems. Firesetting behavior can range from minor incidents, such as lighting candles or matches, to more serious offenses, like arson.
Firesetting behavior can be a symptom of various psychiatric disorders, including conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder, and personality disorders. It can also be associated with substance abuse, cognitive impairments, and traumatic brain injuries. In some cases, firesetting behavior may indicate a cry for help or a maladaptive coping mechanism.
It is essential to assess the underlying causes of firesetting behavior to develop an appropriate treatment plan. This may involve individual therapy, family therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and/or medication management. In severe cases, hospitalization or residential treatment may be necessary. Additionally, fire safety education and community resources can help prevent future incidents.
I believe you may have mixed up the terms "medicine" and "commerce." Commerce is a broad term that refers to the buying and selling of goods and services. It is not typically used in a medical context, so it does not have a specific medical definition. However, I can provide you with some related terms that might be helpful:
1. Medical commerce: This term generally refers to the business aspects of healthcare, such as the buying and selling of medical supplies, equipment, and services. It may also refer to the economic relationships between various stakeholders in the healthcare system, including providers, insurers, pharmaceutical companies, and patients.
2. Telemedicine commerce: This term specifically refers to the use of technology to facilitate remote consultations and transactions between healthcare providers and patients. Examples include online appointment scheduling, virtual consultations, and electronic prescribing.
3. Medical tourism: This is a form of commerce where people travel to other countries to receive medical treatment or procedures that may be less expensive or more accessible than in their home country. It can also refer to the business of providing medical services to international patients.
4. Healthcare marketing: This term refers to the activities and strategies used by healthcare organizations to promote their products, services, and brands to potential customers. It includes advertising, public relations, social media, content marketing, and other tactics designed to build awareness, generate leads, and drive sales.
I hope this information is helpful! Let me know if you have any further questions or concerns.
"Blood stains" are discolorations or marks on a surface that result from the presence and subsequent drying of blood. When blood is spilled or released from a wound, it can leave behind stains that can be difficult to remove if not treated promptly and properly. Blood stains can occur on various surfaces such as fabric, clothing, upholstery, and hard surfaces like walls, floors, and countertops.
The composition of blood includes several components such as red and white blood cells, plasma, and various proteins, which can affect the appearance and persistence of blood stains. For instance, older or larger blood stains may be more difficult to remove than fresh ones due to the breakdown of hemoglobin in the blood, which can cause it to bind more tightly to fabric fibers.
In forensic science, blood stains are often analyzed for their size, shape, and distribution to help determine the circumstances surrounding a crime or accident. For example, the location and pattern of blood stains can provide valuable information about the position of the victim or perpetrator during an assault or other violent event.
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a legal penalty in which a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime. The crimes that are punishable by death vary by country, but typically include murder, treason, and espionage. In the United States, for example, federal and state laws allow for the use of capital punishment in cases involving murder, terrorism, and certain types of treason.
The methods used to carry out capital punishment also vary by country, but common methods include lethal injection, electrocution, hanging, and firing squad. The use of the death penalty is a controversial issue, with some people arguing that it is a necessary tool for deterring crime and protecting society, while others argue that it is a violation of human rights and that there is a risk of executing innocent people.
Formal social control, in the context of medical sociology or health sciences, refers to the systematic mechanisms and processes through which society regulates and guides the behavior of its members in accordance with established laws, rules, and norms, particularly in relation to health and healthcare. This can include various formal institutions and agencies such as governmental bodies, regulatory authorities, professional organizations, and healthcare providers that are responsible for enforcing standards, policies, and regulations aimed at ensuring quality, safety, and effectiveness of healthcare services and products.
Examples of formal social control in healthcare may include licensing and accreditation requirements for healthcare professionals and facilities, clinical guidelines and protocols for diagnosis and treatment, quality improvement initiatives, and regulatory oversight of pharmaceuticals and medical devices. These mechanisms help to maintain order, promote compliance with ethical and professional standards, and protect the public's health and well-being.
In the context of healthcare, "safety" refers to the freedom from harm or injury that is intentionally designed into a process, system, or environment. It involves the prevention of adverse events or injuries, as well as the reduction of risk and the mitigation of harm when accidents do occur. Safety in healthcare aims to protect patients, healthcare workers, and other stakeholders from potential harm associated with medical care, treatments, or procedures. This is achieved through evidence-based practices, guidelines, protocols, training, and continuous quality improvement efforts.
I believe there may be a slight misunderstanding in your question. "Prisons" are not a medical term, but rather a term used to describe facilities where individuals who have been convicted of crimes serve their sentences of incarceration. They are run by correctional systems and law enforcement agencies, not healthcare providers or medical organizations.
However, I can certainly provide information about the potential impact of prisons on health and healthcare. Prisons can have significant effects on the physical and mental health of inmates due to factors such as overcrowding, violence, limited access to healthcare services, and the transmission of infectious diseases like HIV and hepatitis C. Additionally, many inmates have underlying health issues that may be exacerbated by incarceration, including substance use disorders, mental illness, and chronic medical conditions.
Therefore, it is important for correctional facilities to provide adequate healthcare services to their inmates, not only to meet basic human rights standards but also to promote public health more broadly by reducing the spread of infectious diseases and improving the health outcomes of individuals who will eventually be released back into the community.
Substance-related disorders, as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), refer to a group of conditions caused by the use of substances such as alcohol, drugs, or medicines. These disorders are characterized by a problematic pattern of using a substance that leads to clinically significant impairment or distress. They can be divided into two main categories: substance use disorders and substance-induced disorders. Substance use disorders involve a pattern of compulsive use despite negative consequences, while substance-induced disorders include conditions such as intoxication, withdrawal, and substance/medication-induced mental disorders. The specific diagnosis depends on the type of substance involved, the patterns of use, and the presence or absence of physiological dependence.
Torture is not typically defined in medical terms, but it is recognized as a severe violation of human rights by the World Medical Association (WMA), the United Nations (UN), and other international bodies. The UN defines torture as:
"any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him or a third person information or a confession, punishing him for an act he or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or intimidating or coercing him or a third person, or for any reason based on discrimination of any kind, when such pain or suffering is inflicted by or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other person acting in an official capacity. It does not include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in or incidental to lawful sanctions."
The WMA's Declaration of Tokyo states that "physicians shall not countenance, condone or participate in the practice of torture or other forms of cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment" and defines torture as "the deliberate, systematic or wanton infliction of physical or mental suffering by one or more persons acting alone or on behalf of others."
Medical professionals play a critical role in identifying, documenting, and reporting torture, as well as providing care and support to survivors.
Social psychology is a branch of psychology that studies how individuals behave, think, and feel in social situations. It examines the ways in which people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. Social psychologists seek to understand how we make sense of other people and how we understand ourselves in a social context. They study phenomena such as social influence, social perception, attitude change, group behavior, prejudice, aggression, and prosocial behavior.
In summary, social psychology is the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are shaped by their social context and interactions with others.
'Lie detection' is not a term that is typically used in medical definitions. However, it is often associated with the use of technologies and techniques to determine whether a person is being truthful or deceptive. The most common method of lie detection is through the use of a polygraph machine, which measures and records several physiological responses such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiration rate, and skin conductivity while a series of questions are asked. It's important to note that the results of a polygraph test are not always accurate and can be influenced by various factors, including the examiner's experience and skill, the subject's emotional state, and the presence of certain medical conditions or medications. Therefore, polygraph tests are generally not admissible as evidence in court proceedings in many jurisdictions.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Urban Population" is not a medical term. It is a demographic term used to describe the portion of a country's population that lives in areas classified as urban. The United Nations defines an urban area as a city, town, or other agglomeration with a population of 20,000 or more. However, the specific definition can vary by country and organization.
In contrast, medical terms typically refer to conditions, diseases, symptoms, treatments, or healthcare-related concepts. If you have any questions related to health or medicine, I'd be happy to help if I can!
Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) is a mental health condition characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for the rights of others, lack of empathy, and manipulative behaviors. It is defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), as follows:
A. A consistent pattern of behavior that violates the basic rights of others and major age-appropriate societal norms and rules, as indicated by the presence of at least three of the following:
1. Failure to conform to social norms and laws, indicated by repeatedly performing acts that are grounds for arrest.
2. Deceitfulness, as indicated by repeated lying, use of aliases, or conning others for personal profit or pleasure.
3. Impulsivity or failure to plan ahead; indication of this symptom may include promiscuity.
4. Irritability and aggressiveness, as indicated by repeated physical fights or assaults.
5. Reckless disregard for safety of self or others.
6. Consistent irresponsibility, as indicated by repeated failure to sustain consistent work behavior or honor financial obligations.
7. Lack of remorse, as indicated by being indifferent to or rationalizing having hurt, mistreated, or stolen from another.
B. The individual is at least 18 years of age.
C. There is evidence of conduct disorder with onset before the age of 15 years.
D. The occurrence of antisocial behavior is not exclusively during the course of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
E. The individual's criminal behavior has not been better explained by a conduct disorder diagnosis or antisocial behavior that began before the age of 15 years.
It's important to note that ASPD can be challenging to diagnose, and it often requires a comprehensive evaluation from a mental health professional with experience in personality disorders.
"Public policy" is not a medical term, but rather a term used in the field of politics, government, and public administration. It refers to a course or principle of action adopted or proposed by a government, party, business, or organization to guide decisions and achieve specific goals related to public health, safety, or welfare.
However, in the context of healthcare and medicine, "public policy" often refers to laws, regulations, guidelines, and initiatives established by government entities to promote and protect the health and well-being of the population. Public policies in healthcare aim to ensure access to quality care, reduce health disparities, promote public health, regulate healthcare practices and industries, and address broader social determinants of health. Examples include Medicaid and Medicare programs, laws mandating insurance coverage for certain medical procedures or treatments, and regulations governing the safety and efficacy of drugs and medical devices.
I must clarify that there is no medical definition for "World War II." World War II (1939-1945) was a major global conflict involving many of the world's nations, including all of the great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was marked by significant events, such as the Holocaust, and had profound social, economic, and political consequences. The medical field did play a crucial role during this time, with advancements in battlefield medicine, military medicine, and the treatment of injuries and diseases on a large scale. However, there is no specific medical definition or concept associated with World War II itself.
City planning, also known as urban planning, is the process of designing and managing the development of urban areas to create functional, sustainable, and livable spaces. It involves the integration of various disciplines, including architecture, engineering, sociology, environmental studies, and public health, to address the needs of a city's residents and ensure the optimal use of resources.
City planning encompasses several key components, such as land use planning, transportation planning, housing and neighborhood development, infrastructure development, and open space preservation. The goal is to create safe, healthy, and equitable communities that promote social, economic, and environmental sustainability.
In terms of public health, city planning plays a critical role in shaping the physical environment in which people live, work, and play. By creating walkable neighborhoods with easy access to parks, community facilities, and public transportation, city planners can encourage physical activity, reduce traffic congestion and air pollution, and promote social interaction and community engagement.
Moreover, city planning can help address health disparities by ensuring that all residents have equal access to essential services and resources, such as quality housing, healthy food options, and safe outdoor spaces. By working closely with public health professionals, city planners can develop evidence-based policies and strategies that promote health and well-being in urban areas.
Gunshot wounds are defined as traumatic injuries caused by the penetration of bullets or other projectiles fired from firearms into the body. The severity and extent of damage depend on various factors such as the type of firearm used, the distance between the muzzle and the victim, the size and shape of the bullet, and its velocity.
Gunshot wounds can be classified into two main categories:
1. Penetrating gunshot wounds: These occur when a bullet enters the body but does not exit, causing damage to the organs, tissues, and blood vessels along its path.
2. Perforating gunshot wounds: These happen when a bullet enters and exits the body, creating an entry and exit wound, causing damage to the structures it traverses.
Based on the mechanism of injury, gunshot wounds can also be categorized into low-velocity (less than 1000 feet per second) and high-velocity (greater than 1000 feet per second) injuries. High-velocity gunshot wounds are more likely to cause extensive tissue damage due to the transfer of kinetic energy from the bullet to the surrounding tissues.
Immediate medical attention is required for individuals with gunshot wounds, as they may experience significant blood loss, infection, and potential long-term complications such as organ dysfunction or disability. Treatment typically involves surgical intervention to control bleeding, remove foreign material, repair damaged structures, and manage infections if present.
Crime
American Crime
Corporate crime
Livestreamed crime
Violent crime
Crime Bible
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Pre-crime
A Crime
Copycat crime
Crime Club
Frankolovo crime
Crime District
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Henry's Crime
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Process crime
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Crime film
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Perfect crime
Crime - Wikipedia
Alcohol, Opioid Addiction Meds Reduce Crime, Suicidality
Crime lines
War crime - Wikipedia
5 best true crime podcasts
Crime Alerts
crime.pptx
Tax and crime - OECD
Crime and criminal justice
Crime Watch
Crime Prevention | WMATA
Financial crime operations
Cyber Crime - FBI
A Crime Against Humanity | EWTN
The reasons behind crime | ScienceDaily
Crime and Durable Goods | NBER
Crime on Paper | ZDNET
International crime
Georgia Execution: Same crime, different outcome
Category:Crime by country - Wikimedia Commons
Associations Between Neighborhood Crime and Physical Activity Among Pregnant Women in South Carolina
crime prevention Archives - Gadling
Crime & Drugs | @UNILAD | Flipboard
BBC NEWS | UK | British soldier admits war crime
Organized Crime News and Events
Crime
Pregnancy center graffiti considered potential hate crime
Topic | Organised crime | The Sydney Morning Herald
20233
- The practical implementation of Article 27 on law enforcement cooperation of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) was the focus of the discussions of the 2023 Constructive Dialogue on International Cooperation which took place in Vienna on 13 September 2023. (unodc.org)
- 34 students from several universities across the world participated in the 2023 Summer School on Transnational Organised Crime held in Vienna from 12 June until 23 June 2023. (unodc.org)
- Vienna, 10 May 2023 - Strengthening the implementation of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) and its Firearms Protocol through the contribution of civil society, academia and the private sector was one of the key topics of the 2023 Constructive Dialogue on Firearms. (unodc.org)
Illicit4
- The OECD Task Force on Tax Crimes and Other Crimes (TFTC) supports global efforts to stamp out illicit financial flows through implementation of the "Oslo Dialogue", a strategy launched in 2011 to promote 'whole of government' approaches to fighting tax crime and other financial crimes through standard setting, sharing of best practices, and capacity building. (oecd.org)
- Learn about crime related to firearms, drugs and other illicit products, and the programs in place to combat them. (gc.ca)
- Organized crime groups are the primary actor involved in the global illicit tobacco market, with serious implications for national security, citizen's health and public budgets worldwide. (who.int)
- With annual turnover figures that rival those of multinational corporations, organized crime groups benefit directly from the low risk, high profit environment of illicit tobacco trade. (who.int)
Cyber Crime5
- Cyber Crime Offences that are committed against individuals or groups of individuals with a criminal motive to intentionally harm the reputation of the victim or cause physical or mental harm, or loss, to the victim directly or indirectly, using modern telecommunication networks such as Internet (networks including but not limited to Chat rooms, emails, notice boards and groups) and mobile phones. (slideshare.net)
- Learn more about what you can do to protect yourself from cyber criminals, how you can report cyber crime , and the Bureau's efforts in combating the evolving cyber threat . (fbi.gov)
- Using such complaints, the IC3's Recovery Asset Team has assisted in freezing hundreds of thousands of dollars for victims of cyber crime. (fbi.gov)
- And then there's the two articles on cyber-crime: one calling it an epidemic by "Team CYMRU" and one a discussion by Eric Allman (the sendmail guy) on e-mail authentication. (zdnet.com)
- Under the guidance of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) has launched a new program in which citizens can sign up as "unlawful content flaggers" to report online content for removal. (change.org)
Offences6
- According to Temple, the appeal of crime fiction goes beyond the criminal offences that are its ostensible subject matter. (theage.com.au)
- This phenomenal rise in offences and crime in cities is a matter of great concern and alarm to all of us. (slideshare.net)
- This explains observations made, for instance, in the USA: according to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Program, cyclical changes in the frequency of criminal offences can be found in several American states. (sciencedaily.com)
- Food crime can be reduced by denying offenders the means to commit offences, or by reducing the likelihood of individuals and groups becoming offenders in the first place. (food.gov.uk)
- The emphasis in the earlier papers, and in the first paper in particular, was largely on volume or 'street crimes' such as assault, theft and public order offences. (who.int)
- In light of their complexity, the crime control response to these offences typically involves additional strategies over and above those used in traditional law enforcement. (who.int)
Criminals5
- In 1949, the Geneva Conventions legally defined new war crimes and established that states could exercise universal jurisdiction over war criminals. (wikipedia.org)
- CAUSES OF CRIME POOR PARENTING Also one reason why younger criminals are committing a crime. (slideshare.net)
- The classic approach, where criminals merely need to be pursued and punished more strictly to curb crime, often does not work. (sciencedaily.com)
- Hundreds of skulls, brains and death masks from executed criminals are on display, as well as the weapons they used in their crimes and the instruments of their demise. (gadling.com)
- These types of crime can often attract organised criminals, but can also involve individuals, companies or very ad hoc groups. (who.int)
Index offenses4
- The UCR presents detailed data on seven categories of crime, called the index offenses (or Part I crimes). (encyclopedia.com)
- The most extensive time series of crime rates in the United States are available for the UCR index offenses. (encyclopedia.com)
- Figure 1 also clearly shows that property crimes comprise the vast majority of all index offenses. (encyclopedia.com)
- In 2000, for example, the four violent index crimes constituted just 12.3 percent of all index offenses. (encyclopedia.com)
Commit8
- If you're fascinated by what motivates people to commit crimes, then this is the podcast for you. (telegraph.co.uk)
- TYPES OF CRIME White-Collar Crime White-collar crimes are crimes that committed by people of high social status who commit their crimes in the context of their occupation. (slideshare.net)
- He will think that it is right to commit a crime when his parents also do it. (slideshare.net)
- The urge to commit a crime just to support a drug habit really influences the decision process. (slideshare.net)
- Commit a crime and the earth is made of glass. (quotationspage.com)
- Commit a crime, and it seems as if a coat of snow fell on the ground, such as reveals in the woods the track of every partridge, and fox, and squirrel. (quotationspage.com)
- The key is to commit crimes so confusing that police feel too stupid to even write a crime report about them. (quotationspage.com)
- We want to understand who these individuals are, how they commit crimes, what motivates them, and what evidence is used in court. (lu.se)
Makes it unsafe1
- PANES contains a single item of overall perceived crime and 2 items averaged to create an overall neighborhood crime score: "The crime rate in my neighborhood makes it unsafe to go on walks (during the day/at night). (cdc.gov)
20203
- The 14th UN Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice was held from 7 to 12 March 2021 in Kyoto, Japan, in line with the UN General Assembly decision A/DEC/74/550 B . The Congress was originally scheduled to take place in Kyoto, Japan, on 20-27 April 2020, but was postponed, due to the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. (unodc.org)
- CrimeRisk is a standardized index for the relative risk of personal and property crimes that is calculated using historic (2014-2020) Federal Bureau of Investigation and local police data. (cdc.gov)
- In 2020, 11.0% of adults aged ≥18 years felt that crime made it unsafe for them to walk. (cdc.gov)
Humanity5
- Not to be confused with Crimes against humanity . (wikipedia.org)
- It defined command responsibility for war crimes and crimes against humanity as well as stated the military responsibilities of the Union soldier fighting the Confederate States of America . (wikipedia.org)
- This crime of "lèse-humanity" masquerades behind seemingly acceptable customs, but in reality claims its victims through prostitution, human trafficking, forced labour, slave labour, mutilation, the sale of organs, the consumption of drugs and child labour. (ewtn.com)
- Learn about the processes and laws Canada uses to deny safe haven to people who have committed war crimes and crimes against humanity. (gc.ca)
- One museum that doesn't shy away from more recent crimes against humanity is the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum , Phnom Penh, Cambodia , which shows what the Khmer Rouge did to systematically destroy Cambodian society. (gadling.com)
Enforcement7
- Combatting these closely related crimes requires financial transparency, robust legal and institutional frameworks, and effective co-operation between tax administrations and other law enforcement authorities. (oecd.org)
- Through a range of on-site and virtual training courses, the Academy provides law enforcement authorities with the practical knowledge and tools necessary for the effective detection, investigation, enforcement, and deterrence of tax and other financial crimes. (oecd.org)
- How can States strengthen law enforcement cooperation to ensure effective investigation and prosecution of transnational organized crime? (unodc.org)
- Under the leadership of the BiH Ministry of Security, the relevant law enforcement and other authorities engaged in the implementation of the BiH Strategy Against Organized Crime met to analyze the execution of the Strategy and the follow-up development of the institutional Action Plans. (unodc.org)
- Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. (nationmaster.com)
- The numbers are based on reported crimes from local, county and state law enforcement agencies. (sunjournal.com)
- Development of the White Paper on Crime involves an end-to-end examination of the prevention, intervention and enforcement strategies to combat crime. (who.int)
Federal Bureau of Inv1
- First is the Federal Bureau of Investigation 's (FBI) Uniform Crime Reports (UCR). (encyclopedia.com)
Robbery3
- These include four violent offenses-murder and non-negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault-and three crimes against property-burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft. (encyclopedia.com)
- Convicted of the same charges - murder, armed robbery, possession of a firearm during the commission of a crime, possession of "certain weapons," and carjacking, both were condemned by Baldwin County juries. (ajc.com)
- Although the four straight years of declining crime numbers are encouraging, four of the five categories that saw increases last year were crimes against people - rape, robbery, aggravated assaults and homicide," said Public Safety Commissioner John Morris. (sunjournal.com)
Violent crimes3
- TYPES OF CRIME There are many different types of crimes, from crimes against persons to victimless crimes and violent crimes to white collar crimes. (slideshare.net)
- However, another growing concern is the dramatic increase in violent crimes, particularly shootings, which have become increasingly linked to criminal gangs. (lu.se)
- Sweden faces various security challenges, like spying by countries like Russia, Iran and China, domestic extremism, and rising violent crimes, especially shootings linked to criminal gangs. (lu.se)
Property crimes1
- TYPES OF CRIME Crimes Against Property Property crimes involve theft of property without bodily harm, such as burglary, larceny, auto theft, and arson. (slideshare.net)
100,000 population2
- Annual rates for the years 1960 to 2000 of total, property, and violent index crimes per 100,000 population are presented in Figure 1. (encyclopedia.com)
- The rate of violent crime more than quadrupled between 1960 and 1991-from 161 to 758 per 100,000 population annually. (encyclopedia.com)
Drugs2
- CAUSES OF CRIME DRUGS and ALCOHOL Some social factors have a strong influence over an individual's ability to make choices. (slideshare.net)
- As hopeful as the overall crime numbers are, drugs are still the driving force for most of Maine crime," Morris said. (sunjournal.com)
Murders1
- Since they launched in 2016 they've covered big cases that gripped the nation, such as the disappearance of Shannon Matthews, as well as lesser-known but equally fascinating UK crimes, spanning everything from kidnappings and cybercrime to murders and the Mafia. (telegraph.co.uk)
Unsafe1
- Based on response to the survey question, "Does crime make it unsafe for you to walk? (cdc.gov)
Corruption5
- Tax evasion, fraud, corruption, money laundering, and other financial crimes threaten the strategic, political, and economic interests of all countries and undermine public trust in government and the financial system. (oecd.org)
- In line with its mandate to promote whole of government approaches to combatting tax and other financial crimes, broad-ranging government authorities make up the TFTC, including civil and criminal tax examiners and other financial crimes authorities (e.g. police, prosecutors, and authorities working on anti-corruption, financial intelligence, anti-money laundering, asset recovery, etc. (oecd.org)
- What are the linkages between transnational organized crime and corruption in conflict settings? (unodc.org)
- Ms. Ghada Fathi Waly, UNODC Executive Director, was interviewed on the challenges posed by the interplay of organized crime and corruption in conflict settings and the responses to them for the latest issue of the International Review of the Red Cross. (unodc.org)
- Kulov on 25 January accused police and security forces of a signal failure to combat organized crime and corruption. (rferl.org)
Australia's4
- Specialist crime fiction sessions at mainstream writers' festivals are always packed, and next weekend will see the launch of Melbourne's - and Australia's - first-ever specialist crime-writing and justice festival, to be held at the Abbotsford Convent. (theage.com.au)
- To Temple, the staging of Australia's first crime festival means Australia is finally catching up with the rest of the world's open embrace of crime fiction. (theage.com.au)
- Ex-bikie boss Hasan Topal and Australia's most wanted alleged crime boss, Hakan Ayik, have been apprehended in a major police operation between Turkey and Australia. (smh.com.au)
- Australia's most wanted alleged organised crime boss is in police custody after a dramatic dawn arrest operation by Turkish police. (smh.com.au)
Rape2
Examine5
- The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to compare pregnant women's perceptions of neighborhood crime with their objectively measured PA and 2) to examine associations between an objective indicator of neighborhood crime and objectively measured PA. (cdc.gov)
- The purpose of this paper is to examine a range of criminal activity not covered in detail by the White Paper on Crime discussion documents produced to date. (who.int)
- This paper will examine these by looking at organised or 'gangland' crime, as well as white-collar crime and a range of other complex types of criminal activity. (who.int)
- The Colocation Analysis tool is used in crime analysis to examine significant associations between the locations of features such as crashes with crime, or to understand where data may be statistically isolated from one another, such as Terry stops to crime or shots fired calls for service to activations from an acoustic gunshot detection system. (esri.com)
- Furthermore, we intend to examine the crimes themselves, with a focus on modus operandi and motives, to shed light on how the perpetrators operate and what drives them. (lu.se)
Victim5
- Crimes Against Morality Crimes against morality are also called victimless crimes because there is not complainant, or victim. (slideshare.net)
- If you are the victim of online or internet-enabled crime, file a report with the Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) as soon as possible. (fbi.gov)
- As a victim of a hate crime or incident you may find it helpful to speak to someone about your experience. (nidirect.gov.uk)
- If you have been the victim of a hate incident or crime at or near your home, or your home has been attacked, you may be eligible for help from the Hate Incident Practical Action Scheme. (nidirect.gov.uk)
- If you are a victim or a witness of a crime, you are encouraged to immediately report the incident. (cwu.edu)
Defines2
- Paternalism defines crime not only as harm to others or to society, but also as harm to the self. (wikipedia.org)
- [1] In the aftermath of the Second World War, the war-crime trials of the leaders of the Axis powers established the Nuremberg principles of law, such as that international criminal law defines what is a war crime. (wikipedia.org)
Involve1
- These differences in crime rates involve many countries with low imprisonment rates. (latimes.com)
Context1
- In the context of organized crime, gender and human rights dimensions help strengthen national normative and policy responses by taking into account the different and complex ways in which men, women, non-binary and gender diverse people experience organized crime and interact with the criminal justice system. (unodc.org)
Prevention programs1
- Police intend to improve patrol assignments, predict crime trends and develop better crime prevention programs through the new technology. (kmworld.com)
Victims2
- The Regional Advocacy Service for Victims of Hate Crime can help support you during the police investigation. (nidirect.gov.uk)
- The PSNI also has Neighbourhood Policing Officers who can advise and support victims of hate crime. (nidirect.gov.uk)
Analyze2
- The Westminster Police Department has deployed the C-Insight data analysis platform from MetaEdge to merge two crime databases and analyze the consolidated information. (kmworld.com)
- This gives us one package that can be used to quickly load our crime databases into a data warehouse, analyze crime patterns in depth and generate detailed maps overlaying different data sets, and it requires relatively little technical expertise. (kmworld.com)
Fascination2
- But what is behind this ever-growing fascination with crime fiction - and crime itself? (theage.com.au)
- It's an enthralling and emotional story, one which taps into our ever-growing fascination with real-life cases - an obsession which has also seen a recent explosion in popularity of true crime podcasts. (telegraph.co.uk)
Additionally2
- Additionally, as tax crime becomes a greater focus within financial institutions, our experience with tax transformation can yield vital insights for the financial services industry. (ey.com)
- Additionally, Crime Analysis now includes Update Features With Incident Records , a tool that can be used to import data from a spreadsheet, CSV file, or database (or Microsoft Access) table, map records using addresses or x,y coordinates, and update an existing local or web layer. (esri.com)
Focuses2
- This entry focuses on demographic aspects of crime in the United States . (encyclopedia.com)
- The project focuses on individuals convicted of crimes against Sweden's security. (lu.se)
Investigation1
- CSI: Crime Scene Investigation is an American police procedural drama television series created by Anthony E. Zuiker and premiered on CBS. (answers.com)
Police7
- However, a state's response to crime has to be differentiated: besides the police and court, economic and social institutions are relevant as well -- and, in fact, every individual when it comes to the integration of others. (sciencedaily.com)
- These data provide summary counts of crimes reported to police agencies. (encyclopedia.com)
- Because many crimes are not reported to the police, NCVS data show much higher rates of victimization than the UCR. (encyclopedia.com)
- LITTLETON, N.H. (AP) - Graffiti that was spray-painted on an anti-abortion pregnancy center in New Hampshire is being investigated as a potential hate crime, police in Littleton said. (dallasnews.com)
- After leaving Australia on a fishing boat two years ago, alleged Alameddine crime figure Masood Zakaria is back home and in the hands of police. (smh.com.au)
- In the rural areas, patrolled by State Police and sheriff's departments, crimes went down in every category except aggravated assaults, car thefts and homicides. (sunjournal.com)
- Kyrgyz Prime Minister Feliks Kulov (file photo) (RFE/RL) BISHKEK, 1 February 2006 (RFE/RL) -- Kyrgyz Prime Minister Feliks Kulov today ordered police to step up their efforts to fight organized crime in the country, RFE/RL's Kyrgyz Service reported. (rferl.org)
Report8
- The third data source, collected through self-report surveys of youth (e.g., the National Youth Survey) or the general population, reflects crime and delinquency offending. (encyclopedia.com)
- Understanding food crime and how to report it. (food.gov.uk)
- Anyone with suspicions of food crime can report it safely and confidentially to the NFCU . (food.gov.uk)
- You can report a food crime online or by freephone on 0800 028 1180 . (food.gov.uk)
- You can also report a non-emergency crime online. (nidirect.gov.uk)
- The guides set out what a hate crime is, how to report incidents and the support available. (nidirect.gov.uk)
- Spatial analysis features allow the user to toggle between a map and data tables, jump from a specific crime with all the relevant details to a summarized multiyear crime trend perspective, and create a report of all crimes in a designated area by clicking on a hot spot on the map. (kmworld.com)
- But nowhere in the report is there any discussion of the effect of prison on crime, and the argument about costs seems based on the false assumption that we are locking people up at high rates for the wrong reasons. (latimes.com)
Incident1
- While these notices are primarily an attempt to increase public awareness, they also serve to dispel misinformation/rumors about a crime or incident. (ou.edu)
Organisation1
- The various activities examined are diverse but have the common characteristic of being complex or requiring a high degree of organisation, in contrast to a great deal of volume crime. (who.int)
World's2
- Crime fiction has become respectable, says the internationally acclaimed and Ballarat-based crime writer Peter Temple, author of nine crime novels and winner of the world's biggest crime-writing prize, Britain's Golden Dagger. (theage.com.au)
- The United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice is the world's largest and most diverse gathering of policy-makers, practitioners, academia, intergovernmental organizations and civil society in the field of crime prevention and criminal justice. (unodc.org)
Alcohol2
- Medications currently used to treat alcohol and opioid use disorders also appear to reduce suicidality and crime, results from a large population-based study suggest. (medscape.com)
- Cite this: Alcohol, Opioid Addiction Meds Reduce Crime, Suicidality - Medscape - Aug 13, 2018. (medscape.com)
News5
- The findings support the appropriate prescription of opioid medications as an important strategy to reduce adverse outcomes related to opioid use disorder, particularly for suicidality, crime, and violent crime," Fazel told Medscape Medical News . (medscape.com)
- As crime-based TV series continue to boom and true crime stories capture news headlines, more readers are turning to crime novels. (theage.com.au)
- There is a real intimacy of experience - a 24-hour news cycle of crime in Melbourne. (theage.com.au)
- All the latest news about drug busts, organised crime and hitting the headlines. (flipboard.com)
- This page includes news and events on the work and efforts of UNODC in the fight against transnational organized crime. (unodc.org)
Theft1
- From simple theft to burglary crimes, the number of cases mentioned are really high. (slideshare.net)
Collects2
- The Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) collects reports of Internet crime from the public. (fbi.gov)
- The second major source of crime data is the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), which collects information on crime victimization from household interviews. (encyclopedia.com)
Increasingly4
- Instead, readers relish crime novels because they are fast-paced, increasingly complex and often mirror the momentous social issues of the day. (theage.com.au)
- Countries around the globe are facing a common threat posed by increasingly complex and innovative forms of financial crime. (oecd.org)
- Financial institutions must confront increasingly complex compliance requirements as they are being held to stricter standards of accountability in matters of financial crime. (ey.com)
- A further feature of these crimes is that they are rapidly evolving and increasingly enabled by new technologies. (who.int)
Dramatic1
- The United States experienced dramatic increases in rates of reported index crimes in the three decades following 1960, but these rates then dropped every year from 1991 to 2000. (encyclopedia.com)
Sweden1
- The project aims to study individuals convicted of security-related crimes in Sweden from the fall of the Soviet Union to 2024. (lu.se)
Investigate2
- Therefore, this study aims to investigate associations between neighborhood crime and objectively measured PA among pregnant women enrolled in a randomized controlled trial. (cdc.gov)
- The Food Standard Agency's National Food Crime Unit ( NFCU ) works to prevent, detect and investigate food crime across the UK. (food.gov.uk)
Reduce Crime1
- The model has a clear policy implication: the durability of goods, and the market structure for those goods, can be an effective instrument to reduce crime. (nber.org)
Main1
- CAUSES OF CRIME POVERTY It is considered a main reason about why crimes are happening. (slideshare.net)
Incidents2
- The FSA 's National Food Crime Unit and Food Standards Scotland's Scottish Food Crime and Incidents Unit (SFCIU) have produced an assessment of food crime threats to the UK. (food.gov.uk)
- Guides are available to help employers deal with hate incidents and hate crimes which happen in the workplace. (nidirect.gov.uk)
Towns1
- With the rapid urbanization and development of big cities and towns, the graph of crimes is also on the increase. (slideshare.net)
Fraud1
- We define food crime as serious fraud and related criminality in food supply chains. (food.gov.uk)
Forefront1
- These impact greatly on individuals and communities in an immediate and obvious fashion and are often to the forefront in debates on crime. (who.int)
Motivations2
- It includes the motivations and consequences of crime and its perpetrators, as well as preventative measures, either studying criminal acts on an individual level or the relationship of crime and the community. (wikipedia.org)
- Second, aspects of population structure may have contextual effects on crime when they exert causal influences on criminal motivations and opportunities for crime independent of individual level for criminal tendencies. (encyclopedia.com)
People7
- All sorts of people are now prepared to say: 'I love crime fiction. (theage.com.au)
- Billed quite simply as "a podcast about crime", it tells "stories of people who've done wrong, been wronged, or gotten caught somewhere in the middle" and it is fascinating stuff. (telegraph.co.uk)
- TYPES OF CRIME Many people think of the Mafia when they think of organized crime, but the term can refer to any group that exercises control over large illegal enterprises (such as the drug trade, illegal gambling, prostitution, weapons smuggling, or money laundering). (slideshare.net)
- The society today bombards the people with commercial values, making people want more and more material things, to the point that some people would do everything, like a crime act, just to get them. (slideshare.net)
- If we want to reduce the crime rate, we have to keep an eye on the socio-economic circumstances under which people live," says Helbing. (sciencedaily.com)
- Improving social conditions and integrating people socially can probably combat crime much more effectively than building new prisons. (sciencedaily.com)
- The 26,000 crimes reported in 2015 represent a crime rate of 20 offenses per 1000 people in Maine. (sunjournal.com)
Category1
- Category:Crime statistics - some charts and graphs compare countries. (wikimedia.org)
Typically2
- Organized Crime Organized crime is crime committed by structured groups typically involving the distribution of illegal goods and services to others. (slideshare.net)
- But Pew rightly points to problems in the nation's imprisonment policy and in what it does (or, typically, doesn't do) to prevent crime in the first place. (latimes.com)
Counts2
- While every crime violates the law, not every violation of the law counts as a crime. (wikipedia.org)
- Reported crime counts are also provided in the UCR for a set of twenty-one additional (Part II) crimes. (encyclopedia.com)
Definitions3
- The term crime does not, in modern criminal law, have any simple and universally accepted definition, though statutory definitions have been provided for certain purposes. (wikipedia.org)
- Legal and political definitions of crime consider actions that are banned by authorities or punishable by law. (wikipedia.org)
- Because of lack of uniformity in definitions and differences in accuracy and completeness of reporting, international comparisons of crime rates are exceedingly difficult and error-prone. (encyclopedia.com)
Definition7
- The exact definition of crime is a philosophical issue without an agreed upon answer. (wikipedia.org)
- Under this definition, crime is a type of social construct, and societal attitudes determine what is considered criminal. (wikipedia.org)
- In legal systems based on legal moralism, the predominant moral beliefs of society determine the legal definition as well as the social definition of crime. (wikipedia.org)
- Due to the wide range of concepts associated with crime and the disagreement on a precise definition, the focus of criminology can vary considerably. (wikipedia.org)
- CRIME Definition A crime is an act, that a person does, which is against the laws of a country or region. (slideshare.net)
- Instead he tried to get the students to debate broad concepts, such as the definition of a war crime or the phenomenon of genocide denial or the raping of women. (foreignpolicy.com)
- One common definition is based on that found in the UN Convention on Trans- national Organised Crime and is reflected in Irish legislation. (who.int)
Centers1
- Our skilled teams enabled by innovative technology and flexible global delivery service centers can help you manage financial crime risk in a cost-effective, sustainable way. (ey.com)
Reporting1
- The Uniform Crime Reporting Division (UCR) at the Maine Department of Public Safety tabulates the crime numbers each year. (sunjournal.com)
Rate4
- We develop a theoretical model to study how changes in the durability of the goods affects prices of stolen goods, the incentives to steal and the equilibrium crime rate. (nber.org)
- By 2000 the violent crime rate had fallen to about 500 per 100,000, a rate not seen since the late 1970s. (encyclopedia.com)
- That number compares to the national crime rate of 30 offenses per 1,000 population in 2014. (sunjournal.com)
- The report's authors contend that the incarceration rate represents a problem because the number of felons serving time does not have a "clear impact" on crime rates -- and that all those inmates are costing taxpayers too much money to house. (latimes.com)
Convention1
- What are the key achievements of 20 years of implementation of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) ? (unodc.org)
Internationally1
- Underpinned by the OECD's Ten Global Principles for Fighting Tax Crime , the TFTC delivers a range of practical tools, guidance, training, and other capacity building initiatives that provide critical support to jurisdictions in their fight against tax and other financial crimes both domestically and internationally. (oecd.org)
Categories1
- [1] In the late 20th century and early 21st century, international courts extrapolated and defined additional categories of war crimes applicable to a civil war . (wikipedia.org)
Years4
- Meanwhile, over the past 20 to 30 years readers have begun to use European and US crime fiction as an 'armchair tourist' experience. (theage.com.au)
- MORE ABOUT CRIME RATES In recent years, crime rates have gone up dramatically in big cities all around the world. (slideshare.net)
- In the last 10 years, the effect of prison on crime rates has been studied by many scholars. (latimes.com)
- For many years, Moore Square was plagued by drug-related crime. (cdc.gov)