AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
Creutzfeldt-Jakob SyndromeSyndromeDown SyndromeMetabolic Syndrome XNephrotic SyndromeSjogren's SyndromeTurner SyndromeAbnormalities, MultipleMyelodysplastic SyndromesCushing SyndromeAcute Coronary SyndromePolycystic Ovary SyndromeWilliams SyndromeDiGeorge SyndromeHorner SyndromePrader-Willi SyndromeLong QT SyndromeGuillain-Barre SyndromeHemolytic-Uremic SyndromeCompartment SyndromesTourette SyndromeAntiphospholipid SyndromePorcine Reproductive and Respiratory SyndromeKlinefelter SyndromeCarpal Tunnel SyndromeWerner SyndromeReye SyndromeBartter SyndromePorcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virusHELLP SyndromeBloom SyndromeBrugada SyndromeEhlers-Danlos SyndromeRespiratory Distress Syndrome, AdultAngelman SyndromePedigreeSevere Acute Respiratory SyndromeRestless Legs SyndromeJob SyndromeWiskott-Aldrich SyndromeMutationParaneoplastic SyndromesSweet SyndromeAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeIntellectual DisabilityChurg-Strauss SyndromeSturge-Weber SyndromeBudd-Chiari SyndromePhenotypeChediak-Higashi SyndromeWolff-Parkinson-White SyndromeFaciesKallmann SyndromeSick Sinus SyndromeStevens-Johnson SyndromeSezary SyndromeFelty SyndromeRisk FactorsUsher SyndromesBeckwith-Wiedemann SyndromeAlagille SyndromeTreatment OutcomeBardet-Biedl SyndromeACTH Syndrome, EctopicPeutz-Jeghers SyndromeHemorrhagic Fever with Renal SyndromeOculocerebrorenal SyndromeCockayne SyndromeSmith-Lemli-Opitz SyndromeCraniofacial AbnormalitiesWiskott-Aldrich Syndrome ProteinStiff-Person SyndromeShort Bowel SyndromeBehcet SyndromeInfant, NewbornZollinger-Ellison SyndromeSerotonin SyndromeHepatopulmonary SyndromeOrofaciodigital SyndromesProteus SyndromeDuane Retraction SyndromeImmunologic Deficiency SyndromesComplex Regional Pain SyndromesGoldenhar SyndromeRespiratory Distress Syndrome, NewbornNeuroleptic Malignant SyndromeCostello SyndromeKlippel-Feil SyndromeSubclavian Steal SyndromeHantavirus Pulmonary SyndromeDNA Mutational AnalysisNeoplastic Syndromes, HereditaryFatal OutcomeThoracic Outlet SyndromeHermanski-Pudlak SyndromePregnancyRetrospective StudiesWhite spot syndrome virus 1LEOPARD SyndromeCase-Control Studies
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome
A rare transmissible encephalopathy most prevalent between the ages of 50 and 70 years. Affected individuals may present with sleep disturbances, personality changes, ATAXIA; APHASIA, visual loss, weakness, muscle atrophy, MYOCLONUS, progressive dementia, and death within one year of disease onset. A familial form exhibiting autosomal dominant inheritance and a new variant CJD (potentially associated with ENCEPHALOPATHY, BOVINE SPONGIFORM) have been described. Pathological features include prominent cerebellar and cerebral cortical spongiform degeneration and the presence of PRIONS. (From N Engl J Med, 1998 Dec 31;339(27))
Syndrome
A characteristic symptom complex.
Down Syndrome
A chromosome disorder associated either with an extra chromosome 21 or an effective trisomy for chromosome 21. Clinical manifestations include hypotonia, short stature, brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus, Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears, short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p213)
Metabolic Syndrome X
A cluster of metabolic risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome X include excess ABDOMINAL FAT; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state. (from AHA/NHLBI/ADA Conference Proceedings, Circulation 2004; 109:551-556)
Nephrotic Syndrome
A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.
Sjogren's Syndrome
Chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in which the salivary and lacrimal glands undergo progressive destruction by lymphocytes and plasma cells resulting in decreased production of saliva and tears. The primary form, often called sicca syndrome, involves both KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA and XEROSTOMIA. The secondary form includes, in addition, the presence of a connective tissue disease, usually rheumatoid arthritis.
Turner Syndrome
A syndrome of defective gonadal development in phenotypic females associated with the karyotype 45,X (or 45,XO). Patients generally are of short stature with undifferentiated GONADS (streak gonads), SEXUAL INFANTILISM, HYPOGONADISM, webbing of the neck, cubitus valgus, elevated GONADOTROPINS, decreased ESTRADIOL level in blood, and CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS. NOONAN SYNDROME (also called Pseudo-Turner Syndrome and Male Turner Syndrome) resembles this disorder; however, it occurs in males and females with a normal karyotype and is inherited as an autosomal dominant.
Abnormalities, Multiple
Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by dysplasia in one or more hematopoietic cell lineages. They predominantly affect patients over 60, are considered preleukemic conditions, and have high probability of transformation into ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.
Cushing Syndrome
A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excess levels of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) or other GLUCOCORTICOIDS from endogenous or exogenous sources. It is characterized by upper body OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; HIRSUTISM; AMENORRHEA; and excess body fluid. Endogenous Cushing syndrome or spontaneous hypercortisolism is divided into two groups, those due to an excess of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN and those that are ACTH-independent.
Acute Coronary Syndrome
An episode of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA that generally lasts longer than a transient anginal episode that ultimately may lead to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
A complex disorder characterized by infertility, HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term, polycystic ovary, is misleading.
Williams Syndrome
A disorder caused by hemizygous microdeletion of about 28 genes on chromosome 7q11.23, including the ELASTIN gene. Clinical manifestations include SUPRAVALVULAR AORTIC STENOSIS; MENTAL RETARDATION; elfin facies; impaired visuospatial constructive abilities; and transient HYPERCALCEMIA in infancy. The condition affects both sexes, with onset at birth or in early infancy.
DiGeorge Syndrome
Congenital syndrome characterized by a wide spectrum of characteristics including the absence of the THYMUS and PARATHYROID GLANDS resulting in T-cell immunodeficiency, HYPOCALCEMIA, defects in the outflow tract of the heart, and craniofacial anomalies.
Horner Syndrome
A syndrome associated with defective sympathetic innervation to one side of the face, including the eye. Clinical features include MIOSIS; mild BLEPHAROPTOSIS; and hemifacial ANHIDROSIS (decreased sweating)(see HYPOHIDROSIS). Lesions of the BRAIN STEM; cervical SPINAL CORD; first thoracic nerve root; apex of the LUNG; CAROTID ARTERY; CAVERNOUS SINUS; and apex of the ORBIT may cause this condition. (From Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, pp500-11)
Prader-Willi Syndrome
An autosomal dominant disorder caused by deletion of the proximal long arm of the paternal chromosome 15 (15q11-q13) or by inheritance of both of the pair of chromosomes 15 from the mother (UNIPARENTAL DISOMY) which are imprinted (GENETIC IMPRINTING) and hence silenced. Clinical manifestations include MENTAL RETARDATION; MUSCULAR HYPOTONIA; HYPERPHAGIA; OBESITY; short stature; HYPOGONADISM; STRABISMUS; and HYPERSOMNOLENCE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p229)
Long QT Syndrome
A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel proteins. The two major forms are ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME and JERVELL-LANGE NIELSEN SYNDROME.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
An acute inflammatory autoimmune neuritis caused by T cell- mediated cellular immune response directed towards peripheral myelin. Demyelination occurs in peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process is often preceded by a viral or bacterial infection, surgery, immunization, lymphoma, or exposure to toxins. Common clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of deep tendon reflexes. Weakness of respiratory muscles and autonomic dysfunction may occur. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1312-1314)
Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
A syndrome that is associated with microvascular diseases of the KIDNEY, such as RENAL CORTICAL NECROSIS. It is characterized by hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC); THROMBOCYTOPENIA; and ACUTE RENAL FAILURE.
Compartment Syndromes
Conditions in which increased pressure within a limited space compromises the BLOOD CIRCULATION and function of tissue within that space. Some of the causes of increased pressure are TRAUMA, tight dressings, HEMORRHAGE, and exercise. Sequelae include nerve compression (NERVE COMPRESSION SYNDROMES); PARALYSIS; and ISCHEMIC CONTRACTURE.
Tourette Syndrome
A neuropsychological disorder related to alterations in DOPAMINE metabolism and neurotransmission involving frontal-subcortical neuronal circuits. Both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics need to be present with TICS occurring many times a day, nearly daily, over a period of more than one year. The onset is before age 18 and the disturbance is not due to direct physiological effects of a substance or a another medical condition. The disturbance causes marked distress or significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. (From DSM-IV, 1994; Neurol Clin 1997 May;15(2):357-79)
Antiphospholipid Syndrome
The presence of antibodies directed against phospholipids (ANTIBODIES, ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID). The condition is associated with a variety of diseases, notably systemic lupus erythematosus and other connective tissue diseases, thrombopenia, and arterial or venous thromboses. In pregnancy it can cause abortion. Of the phospholipids, the cardiolipins show markedly elevated levels of anticardiolipin antibodies (ANTIBODIES, ANTICARDIOLIPIN). Present also are high levels of lupus anticoagulant (LUPUS COAGULATION INHIBITOR).
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
A syndrome characterized by outbreaks of late term abortions, high numbers of stillbirths and mummified or weak newborn piglets, and respiratory disease in young unweaned and weaned pigs. It is caused by PORCINE RESPIRATORY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYNDROME VIRUS. (Radostits et al., Veterinary Medicine, 8th ed, p1048)
Klinefelter Syndrome
A form of male HYPOGONADISM, characterized by the presence of an extra X CHROMOSOME, small TESTES, seminiferous tubule dysgenesis, elevated levels of GONADOTROPINS, low serum TESTOSTERONE, underdeveloped secondary sex characteristics, and male infertility (INFERTILITY, MALE). Patients tend to have long legs and a slim, tall stature. GYNECOMASTIA is present in many of the patients. The classic form has the karyotype 47,XXY. Several karyotype variants include 48,XXYY; 48,XXXY; 49,XXXXY, and mosaic patterns ( 46,XY/47,XXY; 47,XXY/48,XXXY, etc.).
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Entrapment of the MEDIAN NERVE in the carpal tunnel, which is formed by the flexor retinaculum and the CARPAL BONES. This syndrome may be associated with repetitive occupational trauma (CUMULATIVE TRAUMA DISORDERS); wrist injuries; AMYLOID NEUROPATHIES; rheumatoid arthritis (see ARTHRITIS, RHEUMATOID); ACROMEGALY; PREGNANCY; and other conditions. Symptoms include burning pain and paresthesias involving the ventral surface of the hand and fingers which may radiate proximally. Impairment of sensation in the distribution of the median nerve and thenar muscle atrophy may occur. (Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51, p45)
Werner Syndrome
An autosomal recessive disorder that causes premature aging in adults, characterized by sclerodermal skin changes, cataracts, subcutaneous calcification, muscular atrophy, a tendency to diabetes mellitus, aged appearance of the face, baldness, and a high incidence of neoplastic disease.
Reye Syndrome
A form of encephalopathy with fatty infiltration of the LIVER, characterized by brain EDEMA and VOMITING that may rapidly progress to SEIZURES; COMA; and DEATH. It is caused by a generalized loss of mitochondrial function leading to disturbances in fatty acid and CARNITINE metabolism.
Bartter Syndrome
A group of disorders caused by defective salt reabsorption in the ascending LOOP OF HENLE. It is characterized by severe salt-wasting, HYPOKALEMIA; HYPERCALCIURIA; metabolic ALKALOSIS, and hyper-reninemic HYPERALDOSTERONISM without HYPERTENSION. There are several subtypes including ones due to mutations in the renal specific SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.
Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus
A species of ARTERIVIRUS causing reproductive and respiratory disease in pigs. The European strain is called Lelystad virus. Airborne transmission is common.
HELLP Syndrome
A syndrome of HEMOLYSIS, elevated liver ENZYMES, and low blood platelets count (THROMBOCYTOPENIA). HELLP syndrome is observed in pregnant women with PRE-ECLAMPSIA or ECLAMPSIA who also exhibit LIVER damage and abnormalities in BLOOD COAGULATION.
Bloom Syndrome
An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by telangiectatic ERYTHEMA of the face, photosensitivity, DWARFISM and other abnormalities, and a predisposition toward developing cancer. The Bloom syndrome gene (BLM) encodes a RecQ-like DNA helicase.
Brugada Syndrome
An autosomal dominant defect of cardiac conduction that is characterized by an abnormal ST-segment in leads V1-V3 on the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM resembling a right BUNDLE-BRANCH BLOCK; high risk of VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA; or VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION; SYNCOPAL EPISODE; and possible sudden death. This syndrome is linked to mutations of gene encoding the cardiac SODIUM CHANNEL alpha subunit.
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
A heterogeneous group of autosomally inherited COLLAGEN DISEASES caused by defects in the synthesis or structure of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are numerous subtypes: classical, hypermobility, vascular, and others. Common clinical features include hyperextensible skin and joints, skin fragility and reduced wound healing capability.
Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult
A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA.
Angelman Syndrome
A syndrome characterized by multiple abnormalities, MENTAL RETARDATION, and movement disorders. Present usually are skull and other abnormalities, frequent infantile spasms (SPASMS, INFANTILE); easily provoked and prolonged paroxysms of laughter (hence "happy"); jerky puppetlike movements (hence "puppet"); continuous tongue protrusion; motor retardation; ATAXIA; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA; and a peculiar facies. It is associated with maternal deletions of chromosome 15q11-13 and other genetic abnormalities. (From Am J Med Genet 1998 Dec 4;80(4):385-90; Hum Mol Genet 1999 Jan;8(1):129-35)
Pedigree
The record of descent or ancestry, particularly of a particular condition or trait, indicating individual family members, their relationships, and their status with respect to the trait or condition.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
A viral disorder characterized by high FEVER, dry COUGH, shortness of breath (DYSPNEA) or breathing difficulties, and atypical PNEUMONIA. A virus in the genus CORONAVIRUS is the suspected agent.
Restless Legs Syndrome
A disorder characterized by aching or burning sensations in the lower and rarely the upper extremities that occur prior to sleep or may awaken the patient from sleep.
Job Syndrome
Primary immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by recurrent infections and hyperimmunoglobulinemia E. Most cases are sporadic. Of the rare familial forms, the dominantly inherited subtype has additional connective tissue, dental and skeletal involvement that the recessive type does not share.
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
A rare, X-linked immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by ECZEMA; LYMPHOPENIA; and, recurrent pyogenic infection. It is seen exclusively in young boys. Typically, IMMUNOGLOBULIN M levels are low and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A and IMMUNOGLOBULIN E levels are elevated. Lymphoreticular malignancies are common.
Mutation
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Paraneoplastic Syndromes
In patients with neoplastic diseases a wide variety of clinical pictures which are indirect and usually remote effects produced by tumor cell metabolites or other products.
Sweet Syndrome
Condition characterized by large, rapidly extending, erythematous, tender plaques on the upper body usually accompanied by fever and dermal infiltration of neutrophilic leukocytes. It occurs mostly in middle-aged women, is often preceded by an upper respiratory infection, and clinically resembles ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME. Sweet syndrome is associated with LEUKEMIA.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.
Intellectual Disability
Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67 are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28)
Churg-Strauss Syndrome
Widespread necrotizing angiitis with granulomas. Pulmonary involvement is frequent. Asthma or other respiratory infection may precede evidence of vasculitis. Eosinophilia and lung involvement differentiate this disease from POLYARTERITIS NODOSA.
Sturge-Weber Syndrome
A non-inherited congenital condition with vascular and neurological abnormalities. It is characterized by facial vascular nevi (PORT-WINE STAIN), and capillary angiomatosis of intracranial membranes (MENINGES; CHOROID). Neurological features include EPILEPSY; cognitive deficits; GLAUCOMA; and visual defects.
Budd-Chiari Syndrome
A condition in which the hepatic venous outflow is obstructed anywhere from the small HEPATIC VEINS to the junction of the INFERIOR VENA CAVA and the RIGHT ATRIUM. Usually the blockage is extrahepatic and caused by blood clots (THROMBUS) or fibrous webs. Parenchymal FIBROSIS is uncommon.
Phenotype
The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome
A form of phagocyte bactericidal dysfunction characterized by unusual oculocutaneous albinism, high incidence of lymphoreticular neoplasms, and recurrent pyogenic infections. In many cell types, abnormal lysosomes are present leading to defective pigment distribution and abnormal neutrophil functions. The disease is transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance and a similar disorder occurs in the beige mouse, the Aleutian mink, and albino Hereford cattle.
Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized by a short PR interval and a long QRS interval with a delta wave. In this syndrome, atrial impulses are abnormally conducted to the HEART VENTRICLES via an ACCESSORY CONDUCTING PATHWAY that is located between the wall of the right or left atria and the ventricles, also known as a BUNDLE OF KENT. The inherited form can be caused by mutation of PRKAG2 gene encoding a gamma-2 regulatory subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase.
Facies
The appearance of the face that is often characteristic of a disease or pathological condition, as the elfin facies of WILLIAMS SYNDROME or the mongoloid facies of DOWN SYNDROME. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)
Kallmann Syndrome
A genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by hypothalamic GNRH deficiency and OLFACTORY NERVE defects. It is characterized by congenital HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM and ANOSMIA, possibly with additional midline defects. It can be transmitted as an X-linked (GENETIC DISEASES, X-LINKED), an autosomal dominant, or an autosomal recessive trait.
Sick Sinus Syndrome
A condition caused by dysfunctions related to the SINOATRIAL NODE including impulse generation (CARDIAC SINUS ARREST) and impulse conduction (SINOATRIAL EXIT BLOCK). It is characterized by persistent BRADYCARDIA, chronic ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, and failure to resume sinus rhythm following CARDIOVERSION. This syndrome can be congenital or acquired, particularly after surgical correction for heart defects.
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Rare cutaneous eruption characterized by extensive KERATINOCYTE apoptosis resulting in skin detachment with mucosal involvement. It is often provoked by the use of drugs (e.g., antibiotics and anticonvulsants) or associated with PNEUMONIA, MYCOPLASMA. It is considered a continuum of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis.
Sezary Syndrome
A form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma manifested by generalized exfoliative ERYTHRODERMA; PRURITUS; peripheral lymphadenopathy, and abnormal hyperchromatic mononuclear (cerebriform) cells in the skin, LYMPH NODES, and peripheral blood (Sezary cells).
Felty Syndrome
A rare complication of rheumatoid arthritis with autoimmune NEUTROPENIA; and SPLENOMEGALY.
Risk Factors
An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.
Usher Syndromes
Autosomal recessive hereditary disorders characterized by congenital SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS and RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA. Genetically and symptomatically heterogeneous, clinical classes include type I, type II, and type III. Their severity, age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa and the degree of vestibular dysfunction are variable.
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
A syndrome of multiple defects characterized primarily by umbilical hernia (HERNIA, UMBILICAL); MACROGLOSSIA; and GIGANTISM; and secondarily by visceromegaly; HYPOGLYCEMIA; and ear abnormalities.
Alagille Syndrome
A multisystem disorder that is characterized by aplasia of intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC), and malformations in the cardiovascular system, the eyes, the vertebral column, and the facies. Major clinical features include JAUNDICE, and congenital heart disease with peripheral PULMONARY STENOSIS. Alagille syndrome may result from heterogeneous gene mutations, including mutations in JAG1 on CHROMOSOME 20 (Type 1) and NOTCH2 on CHROMOSOME 1 (Type 2).
Treatment Outcome
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
Bardet-Biedl Syndrome
An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; POLYDACTYLY; OBESITY; MENTAL RETARDATION; hypogenitalism; renal dysplasia; and short stature. This syndrome has been distinguished as a separate entity from LAURENCE-MOON SYNDROME. (From J Med Genet 1997 Feb;34(2):92-8)
ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic
Symptom complex due to ACTH production by non-pituitary neoplasms.
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
A hereditary disease caused by autosomal dominant mutations involving CHROMOSOME 19. It is characterized by the presence of INTESTINAL POLYPS, consistently in the JEJUNUM, and mucocutaneous pigmentation with MELANIN spots of the lips, buccal MUCOSA, and digits.
Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome
An acute febrile disease occurring predominately in Asia. It is characterized by fever, prostration, vomiting, hemorrhagic phenonema, shock, and renal failure. It is caused by any one of several closely related species of the genus Hantavirus. The most severe form is caused by HANTAAN VIRUS whose natural host is the rodent Apodemus agrarius. Milder forms are caused by SEOUL VIRUS and transmitted by the rodents Rattus rattus and R. norvegicus, and the PUUMALA VIRUS with transmission by Clethrionomys galreolus.
Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome
A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, and the KIDNEY. Clinical features include congenital CATARACT; MENTAL RETARDATION; and renal tubular dysfunction (FANCONI SYNDROME; RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS; X-LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA or vitamin-D-resistant rickets) and SCOLIOSIS. This condition is due to a deficiency of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase leading to defects in PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL metabolism and INOSITOL signaling pathway. (from Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8)
Cockayne Syndrome
A syndrome characterized by multiple system abnormalities including DWARFISM; PHOTOSENSITIVITY DISORDERS; PREMATURE AGING; and HEARING LOSS. It is caused by mutations of a number of autosomal recessive genes encoding proteins that involve transcriptional-coupled DNA REPAIR processes. Cockayne syndrome is classified by the severity and age of onset. Type I (classical; CSA) is early childhood onset in the second year of life; type II (congenital; CSB) is early onset at birth with severe symptoms; type III (xeroderma pigmentosum; XP) is late childhood onset with mild symptoms.
Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome
An autosomal recessive disorder of CHOLESTEROL metabolism. It is caused by a deficiency of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase, the enzyme that converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to cholesterol, leading to an abnormally low plasma cholesterol. This syndrome is characterized by multiple CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES, growth deficiency, and INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.
Craniofacial Abnormalities
Congenital structural deformities, malformations, or other abnormalities of the cranium and facial bones.
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein
WASP protein is mutated in WISKOTT-ALDRICH SYNDROME and is expressed primarily in hematopoietic cells. It is the founding member of the WASP protein family and interacts with CDC42 PROTEIN to help regulate ACTIN polymerization.
Stiff-Person Syndrome
A condition characterized by persistent spasms (SPASM) involving multiple muscles, primarily in the lower limbs and trunk. The illness tends to occur in the fourth to sixth decade of life, presenting with intermittent spasms that become continuous. Minor sensory stimuli, such as noise and light touch, precipitate severe spasms. Spasms do not occur during sleep and only rarely involve cranial muscles. Respiration may become impaired in advanced cases. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1492; Neurology 1998 Jul;51(1):85-93)
Short Bowel Syndrome
A malabsorption syndrome resulting from extensive operative resection of the SMALL INTESTINE, the absorptive region of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.
Behcet Syndrome
Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness and death. SYNOVITIS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; gastrointestinal ulcerations; RETINAL VASCULITIS; and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as well.
Infant, Newborn
An infant during the first month after birth.
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-producing tumors of the PANCREAS or other tissue (GASTRINOMA). This syndrome may be sporadic or be associated with MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1.
Serotonin Syndrome
An adverse drug interaction characterized by altered mental status, autonomic dysfunction, and neuromuscular abnormalities. It is most frequently caused by use of both serotonin reuptake inhibitors and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, leading to excess serotonin availability in the CNS at the serotonin 1A receptor.
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome
A syndrome characterized by the clinical triad of advanced chronic liver disease, pulmonary vascular dilatations, and reduced arterial oxygenation (HYPOXEMIA) in the absence of intrinsic cardiopulmonary disease. This syndrome is common in the patients with LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL).
Orofaciodigital Syndromes
Two syndromes of oral, facial, and digital malformations. Type I (Papillon-Leage and Psaume syndrome, Gorlin-Psaume syndrome) is inherited as an X-linked dominant trait and is found only in females and XXY males. Type II (Mohr syndrome) is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.
Proteus Syndrome
Hamartoneoplastic malformation syndrome of uncertain etiology characterized by partial GIGANTISM of the hands and/or feet, asymmetry of the limbs, plantar hyperplasia, hemangiomas (HEMANGIOMA), lipomas (LIPOMA), lymphangiomas (LYMPHANGIOMA), epidermal NEVI; MACROCEPHALY; cranial HYPEROSTOSIS, and long-bone overgrowth. Joseph Merrick, the so-called "elephant man", apparently suffered from Proteus syndrome and not NEUROFIBROMATOSIS, a disorder with similar characteristics.
Duane Retraction Syndrome
A syndrome characterized by marked limitation of abduction of the eye, variable limitation of adduction and retraction of the globe, and narrowing of the palpebral fissure on attempted adduction. The condition is caused by aberrant innervation of the lateral rectus by fibers of the OCULOMOTOR NERVE.
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
Syndromes in which there is a deficiency or defect in the mechanisms of immunity, either cellular or humoral.
Complex Regional Pain Syndromes
Conditions characterized by pain involving an extremity or other body region, HYPERESTHESIA, and localized autonomic dysfunction following injury to soft tissue or nerve. The pain is usually associated with ERYTHEMA; SKIN TEMPERATURE changes, abnormal sudomotor activity (i.e., changes in sweating due to altered sympathetic innervation) or edema. The degree of pain and other manifestations is out of proportion to that expected from the inciting event. Two subtypes of this condition have been described: type I; (REFLEX SYMPATHETIC DYSTROPHY) and type II; (CAUSALGIA). (From Pain 1995 Oct;63(1):127-33)
Goldenhar Syndrome
Mandibulofacial dysostosis with congenital eyelid dermoids.
Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn
A condition of the newborn marked by DYSPNEA with CYANOSIS, heralded by such prodromal signs as dilatation of the alae nasi, expiratory grunt, and retraction of the suprasternal notch or costal margins, mostly frequently occurring in premature infants, children of diabetic mothers, and infants delivered by cesarean section, and sometimes with no apparent predisposing cause.
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
A potentially fatal syndrome associated primarily with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS) which are in turn associated with dopaminergic receptor blockade (see RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) in the BASAL GANGLIA and HYPOTHALAMUS, and sympathetic dysregulation. Clinical features include diffuse MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; high FEVER; diaphoresis; labile blood pressure; cognitive dysfunction; and autonomic disturbances. Serum CPK level elevation and a leukocytosis may also be present. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199; Psychiatr Serv 1998 Sep;49(9):1163-72)
Costello Syndrome
Rare congenital disorder with multiple anomalies including: characteristic dysmorphic craniofacial features, musculoskeletal abnormalities, neurocognitive delay, and high prevalence of cancer. Germline mutations in H-Ras protein can cause Costello syndrome. Costello syndrome shows early phenotypic overlap with other disorders that involve MAP KINASE SIGNALING SYSTEM (e.g., NOONAN SYNDROME and cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome).
Klippel-Feil Syndrome
A syndrome characterised by a low hairline and a shortened neck resulting from a reduced number of vertebrae or the fusion of multiple hemivertebrae into one osseous mass.
Subclavian Steal Syndrome
A clinically significant reduction in blood supply to the BRAIN STEM and CEREBELLUM (i.e., VERTEBROBASILAR INSUFFICIENCY) resulting from reversal of blood flow through the VERTEBRAL ARTERY from occlusion or stenosis of the proximal subclavian or brachiocephalic artery. Common symptoms include VERTIGO; SYNCOPE; and INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION of the involved upper extremity. Subclavian steal may also occur in asymptomatic individuals. (From J Cardiovasc Surg 1994;35(1):11-4; Acta Neurol Scand 1994;90(3):174-8)
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome
Acute respiratory illness in humans caused by the Muerto Canyon virus whose primary rodent reservoir is the deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus. First identified in the southwestern United States, this syndrome is characterized most commonly by fever, myalgias, headache, cough, and rapid respiratory failure.
DNA Mutational Analysis
Biochemical identification of mutational changes in a nucleotide sequence.
Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary
The condition of a pattern of malignancies within a family, but not every individual's necessarily having the same neoplasm. Characteristically the tumor tends to occur at an earlier than average age, individuals may have more than one primary tumor, the tumors may be multicentric, usually more than 25 percent of the individuals in direct lineal descent from the proband are affected, and the cancer predisposition in these families behaves as an autosomal dominant trait with about 60 percent penetrance.
Fatal Outcome
Death resulting from the presence of a disease in an individual, as shown by a single case report or a limited number of patients. This should be differentiated from DEATH, the physiological cessation of life and from MORTALITY, an epidemiological or statistical concept.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
A neurovascular syndrome associated with compression of the BRACHIAL PLEXUS; SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY; and SUBCLAVIAN VEIN at the superior thoracic outlet. This may result from a variety of anomalies such as a CERVICAL RIB, anomalous fascial bands, and abnormalities of the origin or insertion of the anterior or medial scalene muscles. Clinical features may include pain in the shoulder and neck region which radiates into the arm, PARESIS or PARALYSIS of brachial plexus innervated muscles, PARESTHESIA, loss of sensation, reduction of arterial pulses in the affected extremity, ISCHEMIA, and EDEMA. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp214-5).
Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome
Syndrome characterized by the triad of oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid lipofuscin.
Pregnancy
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.
Retrospective Studies
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.
White spot syndrome virus 1
A species of DNA virus, in the genus WHISPOVIRUS, infecting PENAEID SHRIMP.
LEOPARD Syndrome
An autosomal dominant disorder with an acronym of its seven features (LENTIGO; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM abnormalities; ocular HYPERTELORISM; PULMONARY STENOSIS; abnormal genitalia; retardation of growth; and DEAFNESS or SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS). This syndrome is caused by mutations of PTPN11 gene encoding the non-receptor PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE, type 11, and is an allelic to NOONAN SYNDROME. Features of LEOPARD syndrome overlap with those of NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 which is caused by mutations in the NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 GENES.
Case-Control Studies
Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.
Hand Deformities, Congenital
Alterations or deviations from normal shape or size which result in a disfigurement of the hand occurring at or before birth.
Eye Abnormalities
Congenital absence of or defects in structures of the eye; may also be hereditary.
Li-Fraumeni Syndrome
Rare autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by mesenchymal and epithelial neoplasms at multiple sites. MUTATION of the p53 tumor suppressor gene, a component of the DNA DAMAGE response pathway, apparently predisposes family members who inherit it to develop certain cancers. The spectrum of cancers in the syndrome was shown to include, in addition to BREAST CANCER and soft tissue sarcomas (SARCOMA); BRAIN TUMORS; OSTEOSARCOMA; LEUKEMIA; and ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMA.
Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple
A hereditary disease characterized by multiple ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal nevoid and neoplastic anomalies. Facial trichilemmomas and papillomatous papules of the oral mucosa are the most characteristic lesions. Individuals with this syndrome have a high risk of BREAST CANCER; THYROID CANCER; and ENDOMETRIAL CANCER. This syndrome is associated with mutations in the gene for PTEN PHOSPHATASE.
Asperger Syndrome
A disorder beginning in childhood whose essential features are persistent impairment in reciprocal social communication and social interaction, and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. These symptoms may limit or impair everyday functioning. (From DSM-5)
Mobius Syndrome
A syndrome of congenital facial paralysis, frequently associated with abducens palsy and other congenital abnormalities including lingual palsy, clubfeet, brachial disorders, cognitive deficits, and pectoral muscle defects. Pathologic findings are variable and include brain stem nuclear aplasia, facial nerve aplasia, and facial muscle aplasia, consistent with a multifactorial etiology. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1020)
Hepatorenal Syndrome
Functional KIDNEY FAILURE in patients with liver disease, usually LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL), and in the absence of intrinsic renal disease or kidney abnormality. It is characterized by intense renal vasculature constriction, reduced renal blood flow, OLIGURIA, and sodium retention.
Waardenburg Syndrome
Rare, autosomal dominant disease with variable penetrance and several known clinical types. Characteristics may include depigmentation of the hair and skin, congenital deafness, heterochromia iridis, medial eyebrow hyperplasia, hypertrophy of the nasal root, and especially dystopia canthorum. The underlying cause may be defective development of the neural crest (neurocristopathy). Waardenburg's syndrome may be closely related to piebaldism. Klein-Waardenburg Syndrome refers to a disorder that also includes upper limb abnormalities.
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
A systemic inflammatory response to a variety of clinical insults, characterized by two or more of the following conditions: (1) fever >38 degrees C or HYPOTHERMIA 90 beat/minute; (3) tachypnea >24 breaths/minute; (4) LEUKOCYTOSIS >12,000 cells/cubic mm or 10% immature forms. While usually related to infection, SIRS can also be associated with noninfectious insults such as TRAUMA; BURNS; or PANCREATITIS. If infection is involved, a patient with SIRS is said to have SEPSIS.
Sleep Apnea Syndromes
Disorders characterized by multiple cessations of respirations during sleep that induce partial arousals and interfere with the maintenance of sleep. Sleep apnea syndromes are divided into central (see SLEEP APNEA, CENTRAL), obstructive (see SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE), and mixed central-obstructive types.
Adie Syndrome
A syndrome characterized by a TONIC PUPIL that occurs in combination with decreased lower extremity reflexes. The affected pupil will respond more briskly to accommodation than to light (light-near dissociation) and is supersensitive to dilute pilocarpine eye drops, which induce pupillary constriction. Pathologic features include degeneration of the ciliary ganglion and postganglionic parasympathetic fibers that innervate the pupillary constrictor muscle. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p279)
Follow-Up Studies
Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.
Polyradiculoneuropathy
Diseases characterized by injury or dysfunction involving multiple peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process may primarily affect myelin or nerve axons. Two of the more common demyelinating forms are acute inflammatory polyradiculopathy (GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME) and POLYRADICULONEUROPATHY, CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DEMYELINATING. Polyradiculoneuritis refers to inflammation of multiple peripheral nerves and spinal nerve roots.
Prospective Studies
Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
A complication of OVULATION INDUCTION in infertility treatment. It is graded by the severity of symptoms which include OVARY enlargement, multiple OVARIAN FOLLICLES; OVARIAN CYSTS; ASCITES; and generalized EDEMA. The full-blown syndrome may lead to RENAL FAILURE, respiratory distress, and even DEATH. Increased capillary permeability is caused by the vasoactive substances, such as VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS, secreted by the overly-stimulated OVARIES.
Time Factors
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Prevalence
The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.
Premenstrual Syndrome
A combination of distressing physical, psychologic, or behavioral changes that occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Symptoms of PMS are diverse (such as pain, water-retention, anxiety, cravings, and depression) and they diminish markedly 2 or 3 days after the initiation of menses.
Miller Fisher Syndrome
A variant of the GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME characterized by the acute onset of oculomotor dysfunction, ataxia, and loss of deep tendon reflexes with relative sparing of strength in the extremities and trunk. The ataxia is produced by peripheral sensory nerve dysfunction and not by cerebellar injury. Facial weakness and sensory loss may also occur. The process is mediated by autoantibodies directed against a component of myelin found in peripheral nerves. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1313; Neurology 1987 Sep;37(9):1493-8)
Capillary Leak Syndrome
A condition characterized by recurring episodes of fluid leaking from capillaries into extra-vascular compartments causing hematocrit to rise precipitously. If not treated, generalized vascular leak can lead to generalized EDEMA; SHOCK; cardiovascular collapse; and MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE.
Korsakoff Syndrome
An acquired cognitive disorder characterized by inattentiveness and the inability to form short term memories. This disorder is frequently associated with chronic ALCOHOLISM; but it may also result from dietary deficiencies; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; NEOPLASMS; CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; ENCEPHALITIS; EPILEPSY; and other conditions. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1139)
Neurocutaneous Syndromes
A group of disorders characterized by ectodermal-based malformations and neoplastic growths in the skin, nervous system, and other organs.
Gitelman Syndrome
An inherited renal disorder characterized by defective NaCl reabsorption in the convoluted DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULE leading to HYPOKALEMIA. In contrast with BARTTER SYNDROME, Gitelman syndrome includes hypomagnesemia and normocalcemic hypocalciuria, and is caused by mutations in the thiazide-sensitive SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Wolfram Syndrome
A hereditary condition characterized by multiple symptoms including those of DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DIABETES MELLITUS; OPTIC ATROPHY; and DEAFNESS. This syndrome is also known as DIDMOAD (first letter of each word) and is usually associated with VASOPRESSIN deficiency. It is caused by mutations in gene WFS1 encoding wolframin, a 100-kDa transmembrane protein.
Mutation, Missense
A mutation in which a codon is mutated to one directing the incorporation of a different amino acid. This substitution may result in an inactive or unstable product. (From A Dictionary of Genetics, King & Stansfield, 5th ed)
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.
Acquired Hyperostosis Syndrome
Syndrome consisting of SYNOVITIS; ACNE CONGLOBATA; PALMOPLANTAR PUSTULOSIS; HYPEROSTOSIS; and OSTEITIS. The most common site of the disease is the upper anterior chest wall, characterized by predominantly osteosclerotic lesions, hyperostosis, and arthritis of the adjacent joints. The association of sterile inflammatory bone lesions and neutrophilic skin eruptions is indicative of this syndrome.
CREST Syndrome
A mild form of LIMITED SCLERODERMA, a multi-system disorder. Its features include symptoms of CALCINOSIS; RAYNAUD DISEASE; ESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERS; sclerodactyly, and TELANGIECTASIS. When the defect in esophageal function is not prominent, it is known as CRST syndrome.
Wasting Syndrome
A condition of involuntary weight loss of greater then 10% of baseline body weight. It is characterized by atrophy of muscles and depletion of lean body mass. Wasting is a sign of MALNUTRITION as a result of inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption, or hypermetabolism.
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
A condition that occurs when the obstruction of the thin-walled SUPERIOR VENA CAVA interrupts blood flow from the head, upper extremities, and thorax to the RIGHT ATRIUM. Obstruction can be caused by NEOPLASMS; THROMBOSIS; ANEURYSM; or external compression. The syndrome is characterized by swelling and/or CYANOSIS of the face, neck, and upper arms.
SARS Virus
A species of CORONAVIRUS causing atypical respiratory disease (SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME) in humans. The organism is believed to have first emerged in Guangdong Province, China, in 2002. The natural host is the Chinese horseshoe bat, RHINOLOPHUS sinicus.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22
A specific pair of GROUP G CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Munchausen Syndrome
A factitious disorder characterized by habitual presentation for hospital treatment of an apparent acute illness, the patient giving a plausible and dramatic history, all of which is false.
Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital
A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by a congenital defect in neuromuscular transmission at the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION. This includes presynaptic, synaptic, and postsynaptic disorders (that are not of autoimmune origin). The majority of these diseases are caused by mutations of various subunits of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (RECEPTORS, NICOTINIC) on the postsynaptic surface of the junction. (From Arch Neurol 1999 Feb;56(2):163-7)
Consanguinity
The magnitude of INBREEDING in humans.
Poland Syndrome
A syndrome which is characterized by symbrachydactyly and aplasia of the sternal head of pectoralis major.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.
Biological Markers
Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.
Alstrom Syndrome
Rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by multiple organ dysfunction. The key clinical features include retinal degeneration (NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and eventual blindness), childhood obesity, sensorineural hearing loss, and normal mental development. Endocrinologic complications include TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS; HYPERINSULINEMIA; ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; and progressive renal and hepatic failures. The disease is caused by mutations in the ALMS1 gene.
Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome
A chromosomal disorder characterized by MENTAL RETARDATION, broad thumbs, webbing of fingers and toes, beaked nose, short upper lip, pouting lower lip, agenesis of corpus callosum, large foramen magnum, keloid formation, pulmonary stenosis, vertebral anomalies, chest wall anomalies, sleep apnea, and megacolon. The disease has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance and is associated with deletions of the short arm of chromosome 16 (16p13.3).

Hashimoto's encephalitis as a differential diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (1/670)

OBJECTIVES: During an epidemiological study of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Germany, Hashimoto's encephalitis was encountered as a differential diagnosis, which has not yet been described in this context. METHODS: The symptoms and findings of seven patients who fulfilled the criteria for "possible" Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease are presented. RESULTS: A Hashimoto's thyroiditis with antibodies against thyroglobulin or thyroid peroxidase, or both and a hypoechoic thyroid ultrasonogram were found in all cases. Analysis of CSF disclosed an increased leucocyte count in three patients, and a raised CSF:serum concentration ratio of albumin (QA1b) in four patients. The 14-3-3 protein, typical of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, could not be detected in any of our patients. No periodic sharp wave complexes, which are typical of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, were detected on EEG in any of the cases. By contrast with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, which leads to death within a few months, the patients with Hashimoto's encephalitis often recover quickly when treated adequately. All the patients improved after administration of corticosteroids. CONCLUSION: The clinical symptomatology of both diseases may be very similar: dementia, myoclonus, ataxia, and personality change or psychotic phenomena are characteristic symptoms.  (+info)

Ancestral origins and worldwide distribution of the PRNP 200K mutation causing familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (2/670)

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) belongs to a group of prion diseases that may be infectious, sporadic, or hereditary. The 200K point mutation in the PRNP gene is the most frequent cause of hereditary CJD, accounting for >70% of families with CJD worldwide. Prevalence of the 200K variant of familial CJD is especially high in Slovakia, Chile, and Italy, and among populations of Libyan and Tunisian Jews. To study ancestral origins of the 200K mutation-associated chromosomes, we selected microsatellite markers flanking the PRNP gene on chromosome 20p12-pter and an intragenic single-nucleotide polymorphism at the PRNP codon 129. Haplotypes were constructed for 62 CJD families originating from 11 world populations. The results show that Libyan, Tunisian, Italian, Chilean, and Spanish families share a major haplotype, suggesting that the 200K mutation may have originated from a single mutational event, perhaps in Spain, and spread to all these populations with Sephardic migrants expelled from Spain in the Middle Ages. Slovakian families and a family of Polish origin show another unique haplotype. The haplotypes in families from Germany, Sicily, Austria, and Japan are different from the Mediterranean or eastern European haplotypes. On the basis of this study, we conclude that founder effect and independent mutational events are responsible for the current geographic distribution of hereditary CJD associated with the 200K mutation.  (+info)

Incidence rate of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Japan. (3/670)

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to clarify the incidence rate of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) during the last decade in Japan. METHODS: A nationwide mail survey was conducted in all hospitals with a minimum bed capacity of 100 and having at least one of three departments: neurology, psychiatry, and neuropathology. The survey required the patient's sex, date of birth, date of diagnosis, diagnostic criteria, medical history and CJD incidence in the family. RESULTS: From 493 hospitals throughout the country, 821 patients with CJD were reported from January 1985 through March 1996. The annual incidence rate was 0.49 per million population for males and 0.68 for females. The age-specific incidence rate was highest among those 70-79 years of age, followed by the 60-69, and 50-59 age groups. The incidence and mortality increased during the observed period; however, the incidence rate among younger generations did not rise. CONCLUSION: A nationwide incidence survey of CJD in Japan revealed the incidence and distribution of the disease over the recent decade. It was found that the incidence and mortality rates had increased during the observed period.  (+info)

Microglial activation varies in different models of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (4/670)

Progressive changes in host mRNA expression can illuminate crucial pathogenetic pathways in infectious disease. We examined general and specific approaches to mRNA expression in three rodent models of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Each of these models displays distinctive neuropathology. Although mRNAs for the chemokine receptor CCR5, the lysosomal protease cathepsin S, and the pleiotropic cytokine transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) were progressively upregulated in rodent CJD, the temporal patterns and peak magnitudes of each of these transcripts varied substantially among models. Cathepsin S and TGF-beta1 were elevated more than 15-fold in mice and rats infected with two different CJD strains, but not in CJD-infected hamsters. In rats, an early activation of microglial transcripts preceded obvious deposits of prion protein (PrP) amyloid. However, in each of the three CJD models, the upregulation of CCR5, cathepsin S, and TGF-beta1 was variable with respect to the onset of PrP pathology. These results show glial cell involvement varies as a consequence of the agent strain and species infected. Although neurons are generally assumed to be the primary sites for agent replication and abnormal PrP formation, microglia may be targeted by some agent strains. In such instances, microglia can both process PrP to become amyloid and can enhance neuronal destruction. Because microglia can participate in agent clearance, they may also act as chronic reservoirs of infectivity. Finally, the results here strongly suggest that TGF-beta1 can be an essential signal for amyloid deposition.  (+info)

Creutzfeldt--Jakob disease. (5/670)

The laboratory transmission to animals of an apparently degenerative disease of the nervous system, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), is now well established. Important questions arising from this observation are the possibility of natural transmission or infectivity and the existence of other similarly transmissible diseases. Epidemiological studies have revealed some possible clusters of CJD and also an association with previous craniotomy, but there is no definite evidence of natural infection. A few instances have been reported of experimental CJD in animals following inoculation with material from Alzheimer's disease, but apart from this there is so far no evidence of transmission of any other form of degenerative nervous disease.  (+info)

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy and new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (6/670)

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) belong to a group of degenerative neurological disorders collectively known as the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). The group also includes scrapie of sheep and goats, kuru of humans, chronic wasting disease of mule deer and elk and transmissible encephalopathy of mink. These fatal diseases cause behavioural changes, alterations of sensation, changes in mental state and ataxia. The typical pathology is non-inflammatory vacuolation (spongiosis) in neuronal perikarya and in the grey matter neuropil. Occasionally, there may also be amyloid plaque deposition in certain regions of the brain and, less frequently, the spinal cord. All the diseases have long incubation periods which, depending on the host, may range from many months to several decades. Death is inevitable after a slow progressive illness. In this review, I shall cover the recent UK outbreak of BSE and its relationship to new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.  (+info)

When did bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) start? Implications on the prediction of a new variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (nvCJD) epidemic. (7/670)

BACKGROUND: Knowing the starting date of the BSE epidemic and its size at the very beginning is crucial to interpret the timing of the nvCJD cases and to forecast the nvCJD epidemic. The first cases occurred in 1985. The models devised by Anderson (back-calculation) and Dealler (age-period-cohort) led to an estimate of less than 50 cases in 1983, and none earlier. Here, we applied age-cohort models to the BSE data in order to estimate the earliest possible date of the first unrecognized BSE cases. METHODS: The numbers of confirmed BSE cases in the UK, by age group and by calendar year from 1988 to 1996, were analysed by Poisson regression. The cases' age distribution was considered as constant between the different birth cohorts. The herd's age structure was taken into account. RESULTS: According to the models, BSE cases may have occurred as early as 1980. The expected number of cases before 1990 is almost twice the number of confirmed cases and exceeds by more than 20% the expected value of Anderson's model. The scenario of first human exposure in 1980 leads to fewer future nvCJD cases than predicted by Cousens with exposure patterns starting in 1983 or 1985. CONCLUSION: The first birth cohort available, consisting of two cases older than 10 in 1988, does not allow any projections before 1980. Moreover, confidence intervals are wide and the power of the study is limited by the great dispersion of the data; the precision of the estimations would be improved by considering geographical incidence. Nevertheless, our projections are consistent with Wilesmith's survey of rendering plants relating the emergence of BSE to the dramatic fall in the proportion of meat and bone meal following solvent extraction, initiated in the late 1970s (65% in 1977 to 10% in 1983).  (+info)

Unusual resistance to ionizing radiation of the viruses of kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and scrapie. (8/670)

The titers of several preparations of kuru. Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease, and scrapie viruses were reduced by only 1/10th or less by high doses of gamma radiation of 50 kGy and by only 1/10th-1/1000th or less for 200 kGy. This unusual radiation resistance of the two human viruses further links them with the scrapie virus and suggests that the genetic information of all three viruses is considerably smaller than that of any other known viruses of mammals.  (+info)

Autoantibodies in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. - Oxford NeuroscienceAutoantibodies in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. - Oxford Neuroscience
IMPORTANCE: The diagnosis of autoimmune and neurodegenerative conditions can be unclear. Treatments such as removing the associated tumor, if present, and immunosuppression can halt or often reverse the progression of autoimmune conditions, but there is no curative treatment for neurodegenerative conditions. The presence of autoantibodies can sometimes be misleading. This report illustrates potential difficulties in differentiating autoimmune encephalopathies from sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. OBSERVATIONS: In a clinical follow-up of an older man with rapidly evolving encephalopathy at a neuroscience center, unsuccessful treatment with immunosuppression based on the incorrect presumptive diagnosis of Morvan syndrome was followed by the correct histological diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Autoimmune encephalopathies raise important treatment options and potential for recovery. However, since neuronal antibodies may be positive in prion disease,
https://www.neuroscience.ox.ac.uk/publications/430418
Tissue classification for the epidemiological assessment of surgical transmission of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. A...Tissue classification for the epidemiological assessment of surgical transmission of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. A...
Epidemiological studies on the potential role of surgery in Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease transmission have disclosed associations with history of specific surgical interventions or reported negative results. Within the context of a case-control study designed to address surgical risk of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in Nordic European countries (EUROSURGYCJD Project), a strategy was adopted to categorise reported surgical procedures in terms of potential risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease acquisition. We took into account elements of biological plausibility, either clinically or experimentally demonstrated, such as tissue infectivity, PrP expression content or successful route of infection. We propose a classification of exposed tissues and anatomic structures, drawn up on the basis of their specific putative role as entry site for prion transmission through contact with surgical instruments that are not fully decontaminated. This classification can serve as a reference, both in our study and in
https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-5-9/peer-review
MRI lesion profiles in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease - Zurich Open Repository and ArchiveMRI lesion profiles in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease - Zurich Open Repository and Archive
BACKGROUND: With respect to sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), six molecular subtypes (MM1, MM2, MV1, MV2, VV1, and VV2) have been described, which vary with respect to age at disease onset, disease duration, early symptoms, and neuropathology. MRI signal alterations were reported to correlate with distinct Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) subtypes. This multicenter, international study aimed to describe the brain MRI findings associated with each of the sCJD molecular subtypes. METHODS: Pathologically confirmed sCJD cases with codon 129 genotype (MM, MV, and VV), PrP(Sc) type, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) or diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) were collected in seven countries. All MRI scans were assessed for signal changes according to a standard protocol encompassing seven cortical regions, basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebellum. RESULTS: MRI scans were evaluated in 211 CJD patients (98 MM1, 23 MM2, 19 MV1, 30 MV2, 9 VV1, and 32 VV2). Basal ganglia hyperintensities ...
https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/26544/
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers in Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob DiseaseIJMS | Free Full-Text | Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers in Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is the commonest form of human prion diseases, accounting for about 85% of all cases. Current criteria for intra vitam diagnosis include a distinct phenotype, periodic sharp and slow-wave complexes at electroencephalography (EEG), and a positive 14-3-3-protein assay in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In sCJD, the disease phenotype may vary, depending upon the genotype at codon 129 of the prion protein gene (PRNP), a site of a common methionine/valine polymorphism, and two distinct conformers of the pathological prion protein. Based on the combination of these molecular determinants, six different sCJD subtypes are recognized, each with distinctive clinical and pathologic phenotypes. We analyzed CSF samples from 127 subjects with definite sCJD to assess the diagnostic value of 14-3-3 protein, total tau protein, phosphorylated181 tau, and amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide 1-42, either alone or in combination. While the 14-3-3 assay and tau protein levels were the most
http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/12/9/6281
CREUTZFELDT JAKOB DISEASE: August 2015CREUTZFELDT JAKOB DISEASE: August 2015
CC) Peter Rudge, Zane Jaumuktane, Peter Adlard, Nina Bjurstrom, Diana Caine, Jessica Lowe, Penny Norsworthy, Holger Hummerich, Ron Druyeh, Jonathan D. F. Wadsworth, Sebastian Brandner, Harpreet Hyare, Simon Mead, John Collinge DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awv235 First published online: 12 August 2015 Summary Patients with iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease due to administration of cadaver-sourced growth hormone during childhood are still being seen in the UK 30 years after cessation of this treatment. Of the 77 patients who have developed iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, 56 have been genotyped. There has been a marked change in genotype profile at polymorphic codon 129 of the prion protein gene (PRNP) from predominantly valine homozygous to a mixed picture of methionine homozygous and methionine-valine heterozygous over time. The incubation period of iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is significantly different between all three genotypes. This experience is a striking contrast ...
http://creutzfeldt-jakob-disease.blogspot.com/2015_08_01_archive.html
Surgery and risk of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Denmark and Sweden: registry-based case-control studiesSurgery and risk of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Denmark and Sweden: registry-based case-control studies
BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic evidence of surgical transmission of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) remains controversial. METHODS: From Danish and Swedish registries we selected 167 definite and probable sCJD cases (with onset between 1987 and 2003) and 3,059 controls (835 age-, sex-, and residence-matched, and 2,224 unmatched). Independent of case/control status, surgical histories were obtained from National Hospital Discharge Registries. Surgical procedures were categorized by body system group and lag time to onset of sCJD. Exposure frequencies were compared using logistic regression. RESULTS: A history of any major surgery, conducted ,/=20 years before sCJD onset, was more common in cases than both matched (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.46-4.07) and unmatched controls (OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.48-3.44). This observation was corroborated by a linear increase in risk per surgical discharge (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.13-2.18; OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.18-1.91). Surgery of various body systems, including ...
https://repisalud.isciii.es/handle/20.500.12105/7480
Protein 14-3-3 Detection in Cerebrospinal Fluid - Clinico-Pathological Correlation | Česká a slovenská neurologie a...Protein 14-3-3 Detection in Cerebrospinal Fluid - Clinico-Pathological Correlation | Česká a slovenská neurologie a...
1. Dougherty MK, Morrison KD. Unlocking the code of 14-3-3. J Cell Sci 2004; 117(10): 1875-1884. 2. Berg D, Holzmann C, Riess O. 14-3-3 protein in the nervous system. Nat Rev Neurosci 2003; 4(9): 752-762. 3. Hermeking H, Benzinger A. 14-3-3 proteins in cell cycle regulation. Sem Cancer Biol 2006; 16(3): 183-192. 4. Tzivion G, Gupta VS, Kaplun L, Balan V. 14-3-3 proteins as potential oncogenes. Semin Cancer Biol 2006; 16(3): 203-213. 5. World Health Organization. Survillance case definitions for the classification of human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. In: WHO Manual for Surveillance of Human Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies. Geneva: World Health Organization 2003: 71-72. 6. Castellani RJ, Colucci M, Xie Z, Zou W, Li C, Parchi P et al. Sensitivity of 14-3-3 protein test varies in subtypes of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neurology 2004; 63(3): 436-442. 7. Cuadrado-Corrales N, Jiménez-Huete A, Albo C, Hortigüela R, Vega L, Cerrato L et al. Impact of the clinical ...
https://www.csnn.eu/en/journals/czech-and-slovak-neurology-and-neurosurgery/2008-6-1/protein-14-3-3-detection-in-cerebrospinal-fluid-clinico-pathological-correlation-49701?hl=cs
Alzheimer-type neuropathology in a 28 year old patient with iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease after dural grafting | Journal...Alzheimer-type neuropathology in a 28 year old patient with iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease after dural grafting | Journal...
We report the case of a 28 year old man who had received a cadaverous dura mater graft after a traumatic open skull fracture with tearing of the dura at the age of 5 years. A clinical suspicion of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) was confirmed by a brain biopsy 5 months prior to death and by autopsy, thus warranting the diagnosis of iatrogenic CJD (iCJD) according to WHO criteria. Immunohistochemistry showed widespread cortical depositions of disease associated prion protein (PrPsc) in a synaptic pattern, and western blot analysis identified PrPsc of type 2A according to Parchi et al. Surprisingly, we found Alzheimer-type senile plaques and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in widespread areas of the brain. Plaque-type and vascular amyloid was immunohistochemically identified as deposits of beta-A4 peptide. CERAD criteria for diagnosis of definite Alzheimers disease (AD) were met in the absence of neurofibrillar tangles or alpha-synuclein immunoreactive inclusions. There was no family history of AD, ...
http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/77/3/413
sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease update As at 5th November 2012 UK, USA, AND CANADAsporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease update As at 5th November 2012 UK, USA, AND CANADA
Friday, November 23, 2012 sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease update As at 5th November 2012 UK, USA, AND CANADA http://creutzfeldt-jakob-disease.blogspot.com/2012/11/sporadic-creutzfeldt-jakob-disease.html kind regards, terry
http://braintalkcommunities.org/showthread.php/2891-sporadic-Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Disease-update-As-at-5th-November-2012-UK-USA-AND-CANADA
Detection of Prions in the Plasma of Presymptomatic and Symptomatic Patients With Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease - PubMedDetection of Prions in the Plasma of Presymptomatic and Symptomatic Patients With Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease - PubMed
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) is a human prion disease resulting from the consumption of meat products contaminated by the agent causing bovine spongiform encephalopathy. Evidence supporting the presence of a population of silent carriers that can potentially transmit the disease through …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28003547/
Department of Health | Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease surveillance in Australia, update to December 2013Department of Health | Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease surveillance in Australia, update to December 2013
The Australian National Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Registry (ANCJDR) was established in October 1993 to monitor possible medically cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and subsequently all forms of prion disease including sporadic, familial and the potential occurrence of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Australia. This report provides data collected prospectively from 1993 to 2013 and retrospectively to 1970.
http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/cda-cdi3804l.htm
CREUTZFELDT JAKOB DISEASE: Psychiatric Symptoms in Patients With Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in GermanyCREUTZFELDT JAKOB DISEASE: Psychiatric Symptoms in Patients With Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in Germany
I would like to submit a review of past CJD surveillance in the USA, and the urgent need to make all human TSE in the USA a reportable disease, in every state, of every age group, and to make this mandatory immediately without further delay. The ramifications of not doing so will only allow this agent to spread further in the medical, dental, surgical arenas. North America seems to have the most species with documented Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathys, most all of which have been rendered and fed back to food producing animals and to humans for years. If you look at the statistics, sporadic CJD seems to be rising in the USA, and has been, with atypical cases of the sCJD. I find deeply disturbing in the year of 2009, that Human Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy of any strain and or phenotype, of all age groups, and I stress all age groups, because human TSEs do not know age, and they do not know borders. someone 56 years old, that has a human TSE, that has surgery, can pass this ...
http://creutzfeldt-jakob-disease.blogspot.com/2015/05/psychiatric-symptoms-in-patients-with.html
Figure - Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease from Commercial Cadaveric Human Growth Hormone - Volume 19, Number 4-April 2013 -...Figure - Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease from Commercial Cadaveric Human Growth Hormone - Volume 19, Number 4-April 2013 -...
Figure. . . Maps showing axial fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) at the level of the basal nuclei (top row) and dorsal frontoparietal cortex (bottom row) of the brain of a 33.8-year-old man with agenesis of the corpus callosum, schizencephaly, and heterotopia. Note the symmetrical DWI signal hyperintensities in the striatum and dorsomedial part of the thalami. In addition, DWI signal hyperintensities occurred in the cingulate, precuneus and in the dysplastic gray matter along the anterior lips of the schizencephalic clefts at the level of the precentral gyri. The signal abnormalities are associated with decreased diffusivity on ADC maps and are much less prominent on FLAIR images. These findings are highly suggestive of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/19/4/12-1504-f1
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease | Alzheimer Society of Cornwall & DistrictCreutzfeldt-Jakob disease | Alzheimer Society of Cornwall & District
(title:Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease AND body:Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease) OR title:Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, CJD, creutzfeld-Jakob, prion, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease symptoms, stages of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Creutzfeld, jacob
https://alzheimer.ca/en/cornwall/About-dementia/Dementias/Creutzfeld-Jakob-Disease
A case-control study of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Switzerland: analysis of potential risk factors with regard to an...A case-control study of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Switzerland: analysis of potential risk factors with regard to an...
In 2001, the observed annual mortality from Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in Switzerland increased from less than 1.5 to 2.6 per million inhabitants. An underlying cause could not be identified. To analyse potential risk factors for sCJD in Switzerland, close relatives of 69 sCJD-patients and 224 frequency age-matched controls were interviewed in a case-control study using a standardised questionnaire. 135 potential risk factors including socio-demographics, medical history, occupation and diet were analysed by logistic regression adjusting for age, sex and education. sCJD patients were more likely to have travelled abroad, worked at an animal laboratory, undergone invasive dental treatment, orthopaedic surgery, ophthalmologic surgery after 1980, regular GP visits, taken medication regularly, and consumed kidney. No differences between patients and controls were found for residency, family history, and exposure to environmental and other dietary factors. Although some factors were significantly more
https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-9-18/figures/1
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Susceptibility: An Approach to Discovering Multiple Candidate Genes for Human Prion DiseasesCreutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Susceptibility: An Approach to Discovering Multiple Candidate Genes for Human Prion Diseases
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Susceptibility: An Approach to Discovering Multiple Candidate Genes for Human Prion Diseases Human prion diseases, including Creutzfeldt-Jakob ..
https://www.scitechnol.com/abstract/creutzfeldtjakob-disease-susceptibility-an-approach-to-discovering-multiple-candidate-genes-for-human-prion-diseases-461.html
BSE fears continue in UKBSE fears continue in UK
Surveillance for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in China from 2006 to 2007. Qi Shi; Chen Gao; Wei Zhou; Bao-Yun Zhang; Jian-Ming Chen; Chan Tian; Hui-Ying Jiang; Jun Han; Ni-Juan Xiang; Xiao-Fang Wang; Yong-Jun Gao; Xiao-Ping Dong // BMC Public Health;2008, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p360 Background: Human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (HTSE), or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), is a group of rare and fatal diseases in central nervous system. Since outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and variant CJD, a worldwide CJD surveillance network has been... ...
http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/6567563/bse-fears-continue-uk
Resources | Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Classic (CJD) | Prion Disease | CDCResources | Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Classic (CJD) | Prion Disease | CDC
This study indicates the prototype blood-based variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob (vCJD) disease assay has sufficient sensitivity and specificity to support using the assay to screen for vCJD infection in prion-exposed populations.. Detection of prion infectivity in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a blood-based assay ...
https://www.cdc.gov/prions/cjd/resources.html
Plus itPlus it
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is almost certainly caused by the bovine spongiform encephalopathy agent, and although the disease is rare (115 deaths to date) there is uncertainty about future numbers of cases.1 The lack of a conventional immune response and the inability to detect abnormal prion protein in blood has hampered the development of a blood test.1 Lymphoreticular accumulation of prion protein has been used as a preclinical test for scrapie (the form of the disease in sheep and goats) and is a consistent feature of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, occurring before the onset of symptoms.2-4 We screened large numbers of specimens from appendicectomies and tonsillectomies for the presence of prion protein in lymphoreticular tissue to determine the number of people with preclinical variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. ...
http://www.bmj.com/content/325/7365/633
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. CJD; human mad cow disease. Patient | PatientCreutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. CJD; human mad cow disease. Patient | Patient
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is the best known of the human prion diseases. Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease is caused by an infectious prion protein...
https://patient.info/doctor/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease
vCJD Cases Reported in the US | Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Classic (CJD) | Prion Disease | CDCvCJD Cases Reported in the US | Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Classic (CJD) | Prion Disease | CDC
Four cases of vCJD have been reported from the United States. By convention, variant CJD cases are ascribed to the country of initial symptom onset, regardless of where the exposure occurred. There is strong evidence that suggests that two of the four cases were exposed to the BSE agent in the United Kingdom and that the third was exposed while living in Saudi Arabia. The specific overseas country where the fourth patients infection occurred is less clear.. The first patient was born in the United Kingdom in the late 1970s and lived there until a move to Florida in 1992. The patient had onset of symptoms in November 2001 and died in June of 2004. The patient never donated or received blood, plasma, or organs, never received human growth hormone, nor did the patient ever have major surgery other than having wisdom teeth extracted in 2001. Additionally, there was no family history of CJD.. The second patient resided in Texas during 2001-2005. Symptoms began in early 2005 while the patient was in ...
https://www.cdc.gov/prions/vcjd/vcjd-reported.html
Infectivity in bone marrow from sporadic CJD patientsInfectivity in bone marrow from sporadic CJD patients
FRIDAY, AUGUST 11, 2017 Infectivity in bone marrow from sporadic CJD patients Bioassays in transgenic mice expressing the human prion protein revealed the presence of unexpectedly high levels of infectivity in the bone marrow from seven out of eight sCJD cases. These findings may explain the presence of blood-borne infectivity in sCJD patients. They also suggest that the distribution of prion infectivity in peripheral tissues in sCJD patients could be wider than currently believed, with
http://braintalkcommunities.org/showthread.php/101806-Infectivity-in-bone-marrow-from-sporadic-CJD-patients?s=10d9a3234e147e5cc28bc68a6925482d&p=67657
Researchers find infectious prions in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease patient skinResearchers find infectious prions in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease patient skin
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)-the human equivalent of mad cow disease-is caused by rogue, misfolded protein aggregates termed prions, which are infectious and cause fatal damages in the patients brain. CJD patients develop signature microscopic sponge-like holes in their brains. The initial signs of CJD include memory loss, behavior changes, movement disorder and vision problems, which usually rapidly progress to death. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), 90 percent of CJD patients die within one year of onset, and hundreds of Americans are diagnosed annually. There is no available treatment or cure.. There are numerous types of prion diseases in humans, and CJD is the most common. About 90 percent of CJD cases have a sporadic origin. Prion infectivity is highly concentrated in CJD patient brain tissue. Inter-personal CJD transmission has occurred after patients were exposed to surgical tools previously contaminated by CJD brain tissues.. But in a Science Translational ...
http://thedaily.case.edu/researchers-find-infectious-prions-creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-patient-skin/
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: Research suggests the eye may be a source for early diagnosis - Outbreak News TodayCreutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: Research suggests the eye may be a source for early diagnosis - Outbreak News Today
Prion diseases originate when normally harmless prion protein molecules become abnormal and gather in clusters and filaments in the body and brain. Scientists hope that early diagnosis of prion and related diseases-such as Alzheimers, Parkinsons and dementia with Lewy bodies-could lead to effective treatments that slow or prevent these diseases. Scientists from NIHs National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) collaborated on the research with colleagues from the University of California at San Diego and UC-San Francisco.. LISTEN: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) and other prion diseases. About 40 percent of sporadic CJD patients develop eye problems that could lead to an eye exam, meaning the potential exists for the contamination of eye exam equipment designed for repeat use. Further, cadaveric corneal transplants from undiagnosed CJD patients have led to two probable and three possible cases of disease transmission, the researchers say.. Previous studies have shown that the ...
http://outbreaknewstoday.com/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-research-suggests-eye-may-source-early-diagnosis-68029/
Is there evidence of vertical transmission of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease? | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &...Is there evidence of vertical transmission of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease? | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &...
Results 125 children were born to parents with a diagnosis of vCJD. Nine of these children were born to females with vCJD who were symptomatic at conception, birth or within a year of clinical onset. Only one woman was known to have breast fed her child. None of the children of vCJD cases have been referred to the National CJD Surveillance Unit as suspected vCJD and none have been classified as suffering from a progressive neurodegenerative disorder through the Progressive Intellectual and Neurological Deterioration study. One of the children has been investigated by the National Prion Unit (see accompanying case report). ...
https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/82/7/729
Researchers identify new biomarker for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, the human form of mad cow diseaseResearchers identify new biomarker for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, the human form of mad cow disease
Neena Singh, MD, PhD and colleagues at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine have identified the first disease-specific biomarker for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), a universally fatal, degenerative ...
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-03-biomarker-creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-human-mad.html
Prion strain characterization of a novel subtype of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease<...Prion strain characterization of a novel subtype of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Prion strain characterization of a novel subtype of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. AU - Galeno, Roberta. AU - Di Bari, Michele Angelo. AU - Nonno, Romolo. AU - Cardone, Franco. AU - Sbriccoli, Marco. AU - Graziano, Silvia. AU - Ingrosso, Loredana. AU - Fiorini, Michele. AU - Valanzano, Angelina. AU - Pasini, Giulia. AU - Poleggi, Anna. AU - Vinci, Ramona. AU - Ladogana, Anna. AU - Puopolo, Maria. AU - Monaco, Salvatore. AU - Agrimi, Umberto. AU - Zanusso, Gianluigi. AU - Pocchiari, Maurizio. PY - 2017/6/1. Y1 - 2017/6/1. N2 - In 2007, we reported a patient with an atypical form of Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease (CJD) heterozygous for methionine-valine (MV) at codon 129 who showed a novel pathological prion protein (PrPTSE) conformation with an atypical glycoform (AG) profile and intraneuronal PrP deposition. In the present study, we further characterize the conformational properties of this pathological prion protein (PrPTSE MVAG), showing that PrPTSE MVAG is composed of multiple ...
https://moh-it.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/prion-strain-characterization-of-a-novel-subtype-of-creutzfeldt-j
Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease - Mighty GuideCreutzfeldt Jakob Disease - Mighty Guide
Variants of the disease may cause slightly different symptoms. Individuals affected by new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease or nv-CJD typically experience psychiatric symptoms with the disease running a longer course from the initial manifestation of symptoms up until death. This form of the disease typically affects younger people.. Causes of the disease. There are different theories on what causes the disease. The currently accepted theory suggests that the disease is caused by a prion, a type of protein. Prions are usually harmless and are found within the cells of the body. There are some forms of prions that are infectious. It is believed that the normal inactive prions may, by a mechanism unknown, change into infectious prions and modify other prion proteins within the cells causing the development of the disease. The prions bond to each other forming the spongelike structures that induce brain degeneration.. Inherited CJD arises when there is a mutation within the genes that code for ...
https://www.mightyguide.net/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease.html
Cell-based model means a step forward for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease research | NC3RsCell-based model means a step forward for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease research | NC3Rs
Researchers from the University of Edinburgh have developed a new system to study Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in vitro. The work, funded by an NC3Rs project grant, has been published in The Journal of Experimental Medicine. CJD is a fatal neurodegenerative condition associated with misfolding of the normal form of the prion protein, similar to Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in cows and Chronic Wasting Disease in deer. Until now, the main way to study the human form of the disease has been in animals, including in transgenic mice, sheep and non-human primates. These animal transmission studies are inherently variable, require large numbers of animals and can be assosiated with significant levels of suffering. The absence of a more relevant, human cell culture model which replicates human prions has hampered prion disease research. The team, led by Professor Siddharthan Chandran, has devised a new method of studying prion infection in astrocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem
https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/news/cell-based-model-means-step-forward-creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-research?page=4
Cell-based model means a step forward for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease research | NC3RsCell-based model means a step forward for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease research | NC3Rs
Researchers from the University of Edinburgh have developed a new system to study Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in vitro. The work, funded by an NC3Rs project grant, has been published in The Journal of Experimental Medicine. CJD is a fatal neurodegenerative condition associated with misfolding of the normal form of the prion protein, similar to Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in cows and Chronic Wasting Disease in deer. Until now, the main way to study the human form of the disease has been in animals, including in transgenic mice, sheep and non-human primates. These animal transmission studies are inherently variable, require large numbers of animals and can be assosiated with significant levels of suffering. The absence of a more relevant, human cell culture model which replicates human prions has hampered prion disease research. The team, led by Professor Siddharthan Chandran, has devised a new method of studying prion infection in astrocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem
https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/news/cell-based-model-means-step-forward-creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-research?page=2
What is Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease?What is Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease?
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease or CJD, (Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt, 1885 - 1964, German psychiatrist and Alfons Maria Jakob, 1884 - 1931, German psychiatrist) (also called subacute spongiform encephalopathy), is a rare, well characterized clinicopathological entity defined by a rapidly progressing dementia associated with pathognomonic vacuolation in the cortex giving a microscopic appearance of spongiform change. Both humans and animals may be affected.
https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Creutzfeldte28093Jakob-Disease.aspx
Genetic Risk Factors for Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: A Genome-Wide Association StudyGenetic Risk Factors for Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: A Genome-Wide Association Study
The polymorphic codon 129 of PRNP was the main genetic risk factor for vCJD; however, additional candidate loci have been identified, which justifies functional analyses of these biological pathways in prion disease.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19081515/?ordinalpos=5&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
WHO Recommended Surveillance Standards (WHO - OMS, 1999, 157 p.): Diseases: A81.0 Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseWHO Recommended Surveillance Standards (WHO - OMS, 1999, 157 p.): Diseases: A81.0 Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
RATIONALE FOR SURVEILLANCE: The incidence of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) and its variants is not currently monitored in many parts of the world. In 1996 a new variant of CJD (nvCJD) was recognized in the United Kingdom. An etiological link has since been confirmed between nvCJD and the agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). The size of the population exposed and susceptible to this agent in the United Kingdom is not known; this, in addition to uncertainties relating to the potential length and distribution of the incubation period, complicate any useful prediction of the future number of nvCJD cases. Other populations may have also been exposed to the agent through importation of live cattle or cattle by-products from BSE-affected countries, or through the use of medicinal or cosmetic products containing affected bovine tissues. Global surveillance of the new variant and other forms of CJD shall lead to a better understanding of the disease, including potential causes of iatrogenic ...
http://www.nzdl.org/gsdlmod?e=d-00000-00---off-0who--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-preferences---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&a=d&c=who&cl=CL4.15&d=HASH01557374a800bcde34f55b43.9.5
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) Causes and SymptomsCreutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) Causes and Symptoms
Learn about Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) causes, and read about symptoms, such as progressive dementia, insomnia, depression, and unusual sensations.
https://www.rxlist.com/creutzfeldt-jakob_disease/article.htm
The prion protein protease sensitivity, stability and seeding activity in variably protease sensitive prionopathy brain tissue...The prion protein protease sensitivity, stability and seeding activity in variably protease sensitive prionopathy brain tissue...
Variably protease sensitive prionopathy (VPSPr) is a recently described, sporadic human prion disease that is pathologically and biochemically distinct from the currently recognised sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) subtypes. The defining biochemical features of the abnormal form of the prion protein (PrPSc) in VPSPr are increased sensitivity to proteolysis and the presence of an N- and C-terminally cleaved ~8 kDa protease resistant PrPSc (PrPres) fragment. The biochemical and neuropathological profile of VPSPr has been proposed to resemble either Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS) or familial CJD with the PRNP-V180I mutation. However, in some cases of VPSPr two protease resistant bands have been observed in Western blots that co-migrate with those of type 2 PrPres, suggesting that a proportion of the PrPSc present in VPSPr has properties similar to those of sCJD. Here, we have used conformation dependent immunoassay to confirm the presence of PrPSc in VPSPr that is more protease
https://actaneurocomms.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40478-014-0152-4
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease | The BMJBovine spongiform encephalopathy and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease | The BMJ
It is sometimes forgotten that in the story of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease there is but one incontestable fact, that bovine spongiform encephalopathy is the cause of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. First suggested by their temporospatial association and the distinctive features of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, the link has since been proved by their equally distinctive and shared biological and molecular features.1-3 All the rest is speculation, more or less plausible according to the arguments advanced and the absence of any satisfactory alternative explanations.. From an epidemiological point of view bovine spongiform encephalopathy has been a classic epidemic and will undoubtedly become a textbook example for students (fig 1). From economic, political, and medical points of view it has been an unmitigated disaster. Why did it begin when it did, and how did it happen? ...
http://www.bmj.com/content/322/7290/841.full
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease | definition of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by Medical dictionaryCreutzfeldt-Jakob disease | definition of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the Medical Dictionary? Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease explanation free. What is Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease? Meaning of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease medical term. What does Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease mean?
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Creutzfeldt-Jakob+disease
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD): Clinical Presentation and Relationship to Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) -...Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD): Clinical Presentation and Relationship to Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) -...
The initial symptoms of vCJD are more psychiatric in nature, which often leads to a misdiagnosis. The initials symptoms include depression, withdrawal, anxiety, and trouble sleeping. After a few short months the infected individual will experience muscle spasms and a lack of muscle control. As the disease rapidly progresses, patients will generally experience visual deterioration, dementia, and muscle paralysis. In contrast to traditional forms of CJD, vCJD affects younger patients, the median age being 28 years and the median duration of illness approximately 13-14 months. The majority of vCJD cases have occurred in the United Kingdom. However, a very limited number of cases have also been reported in several European countries as well as Japan, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, Canada, and the United States ...
https://www.labce.com/spg737516_variant_creutzfeldt_jakob_disease_vcjd_clinical_pr.aspx
Variant CJD | definition of Variant CJD by Medical dictionaryVariant CJD | definition of Variant CJD by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of Variant CJD in the Medical Dictionary? Variant CJD explanation free. What is Variant CJD? Meaning of Variant CJD medical term. What does Variant CJD mean?
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Variant+CJD
CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease) Quinacrine Study - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govCJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease) Quinacrine Study - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)is a rapidly progressive, invariably fatal and untreatable neurodegenerative disease with a mean duration of about eight months. Beyond the debilitating cognitive and motor deficits that accompany CJD, the difficulty in treating behavioral and mood disturbances and the rapidity of its course compound its tragedy. Recent results from experiments show that, at physiological concentrations, the anti-malarial drug quinacrine permanently clears abnormal prion proteins from cell culture. The demonstrated efficacy of quinacrine in cell culture, its relative safety and well known side-effects in the clinical setting, and the universal fatality of CJD justify quinacrine as an immediate candidate for the treatment of CJD.. The purpose of this clinical trial is to determine the efficacy of the medication quinacrine on survival in sporadic CJD (sCJD). This will be accomplished by bringing approximately 60 patients with probable or definite sCJD over approximately three years ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00183092
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE: January 2009Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE: January 2009
Introduction In response to both animal and public health threats resulting from transmissible spongiform encephalopaties (TSEs), such as BSE (mad cow disease) which is linked to new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans, the European Commission has taken a series of measures to manage the risk of TSEs. Framework Regulation 999/2001 (consolidated version published in July 2008) was adopted in May 2001, with the intention to supersede all existing TSE legislation. It established rules for the monitoring of TSE in bovine, ovine and caprine animals, the removal of Specified Risk Material (SRM) and prohibitions concerning animal feeding. It introduced measures for the eradication of TSE, rules covering intra- and extra-Community trade and criteria to classify the BSE status of member states and third countries. Certain requirements, including removal of SRMs, would then be applied to a country depending on its classification. Regulation 1923/2006 amends Regulation 999/2001 in order to adopt ...
http://bovineprp.blogspot.com/2009/01/
KEGG PATHWAY: hsa05020KEGG PATHWAY: hsa05020
Prion diseases, also termed transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), are a group of fatal neurodegenerative diseases that affect humans and a number of other animal species. The etiology of these diseases is thought to be associated with the conversion of a normal protein, PrPC, into an infectious, pathogenic form, PrPSc. The conversion is induced by prion infections (for example, variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), iatrogenic CJD, Kuru), mutations (familial CJD, Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome, fatal familial insomnia (FFI)) or unknown factors (sporadic CJD (sCJD)), and is thought to occur after PrPC has reached the plasma membrane or is re-internalized for degradation. The PrPSc form shows greater protease resistance than PrPC and accumulates in affected individuals, often in the form of extracellular plaques. Pathways that may lead to neuronal death comprise oxidative stress, regulated activation of complement, ubiquitin-proteasome and endosomal-lysosomal systems, ...
https://www.kegg.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa05020
ASMscience | Bovine Spongiform EncephASMscience | Bovine Spongiform Enceph
Human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) include the prototypic disease kuru, which is limited to Papua New Guinea and is now virtually extinct. In the event that infectivity is definitively found to be present in muscle from cattle infected with Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), available scientific and epidemiological evidence to date suggests that it does not appear to exist in amounts sufficient to increase the risk to human health in countries with adequate prevention and control measures. The continuance of BSE cases due to cross contamination and cross feeding of ruminant meat and bone meal (MBM) has resulted in extended feed bans which have prohibited feeding of all mammalian or animal meat and bone meal (MBM) to any animals used for human food. Humans most likely became infected with the agent that causes BSE through the consumption of beef products contaminated by central nervous systems (CNS) tissue, such as mechanically recovered meat that was pressure extracted from
https://www.asmscience.org/content/book/10.1128/9781555815912.ch28
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease | CJD | MedlinePlusCreutzfeldt-Jakob Disease | CJD | MedlinePlus
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, degenerative brain disorder. CJD progresses rapidly and is fatal. Learn how to prevent CJD.
https://medlineplus.gov/creutzfeldtjakobdisease.html
Mother With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Daughter With Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease | Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | JAMA...Mother With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Daughter With Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease | Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | JAMA...
ObjectiveTo describe a mother who had autopsy-proved amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and her daughter who had clinically diagnosed Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.Desig
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/fullarticle/775678
Biology-Online •Biology-Online •
Introduction). Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) was identified in 1996 as distinct from classical forms of CJD (both sporadic and familial).1 Cumulative evidence strongly supports that vCJD is zoonotically linked to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE).2-4 BSE, CJD, and vCJD are transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), a family of invariably fatal neurodegenerative diseases affecting both humans and animals.5 They are associated with the accumulation in affected brains of misfolded, protease resistant conformers (PrPres) of a normal host protein known as the prion protein. There is currently no proven prophylaxis or effective treatment for any form of CJD. The molecular structure of the infectious agent is unknown but is referred to as a prion.2,6 Soon after the recognition of vCJD, the tissue distribution of the disease-associated PrPres of the prion protein was shown to be relatively widespread, including in the peripheral lymphoreticular system, heightening concerns of ...
https://www.biology-online.org/kb/revision.php?p_id=3373&a_id=1216
Early Diagnosis of Human Prion Disease | Global Research ProjectsEarly Diagnosis of Human Prion Disease | Global Research Projects
Human prion diseases, such as Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease (CJD), are difficult to diagnose and are of increasing public health concern due to the risk of transmission. Our dementia program is a major referral center for prion diseases in the United States with 952 potential CJD referrals over the past six years. We also are conducting the first ever US sporadic CJD (sCJD) treatment trial, sponsored by the NIH. Unfortunately, many cases of sCJD are misdiagnosed or are diagnosed too late in the course for any future potential treatment to be effective. We, and others, have shown that brain MRI has very high sensitivity and specificity for sCJD diagnosis. Unfortunately, the most widely used diagnostic criteria for sCJD, Revised 1998 WHO Criteria, are problematic for several reasons: 1. they require symptoms that often do not occur until late in the disease course; 2. they do not use MRI; 3. they use a surrogate biomarker in the spinal fluid, the 14-3-3 protein, which we have found lacks sensitivity ...
https://globalprojects.ucsf.edu/project/early-diagnosis-human-prion-disease
NOR-98 ATYPICAL SCRAPIE USA UPDATE AS AT OCT 2007: CHARACTERISATION OF SLOVENIAN OVINE ATYPICAL SCRAPIE CASESNOR-98 ATYPICAL SCRAPIE USA UPDATE AS AT OCT 2007: CHARACTERISATION OF SLOVENIAN OVINE ATYPICAL SCRAPIE CASES
Although prion diseases, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans and scrapie in sheep, have long been recognized, our understanding of their epidemiology and pathogenesis is still in its early stages. Progress is hampered by the lengthy incubation periods and the lack of effective ways of monitoring and characterizing these agents. Protease-resistant conformers of the prion protein (PrP), known as the scrapie form (PrPSc), are used as disease markers, and for taxonomic purposes, in correlation with clinical, pathological, and genetic data. In humans, prion diseases can arise sporadically (sCJD) or genetically (gCJD and others), caused by mutations in the PrP-gene (PRNP), or as a foodborne infection, with the agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) causing variant CJD (vCJD). Person-to-person spread of human prion disease has only been known to occur following cannibalism (kuru disease in Papua New Guinea) or through medical or surgical treatment (iatrogenic CJD, iCJD). In ...
http://nor-98.blogspot.com/2011/06/characterisation-of-slovenian-ovine.html
Bone Meal Fertilizer and vCJD?Bone Meal Fertilizer and vCJD?
First, some vocabulary:. vCJD - variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease - the human form of mad cow disease which is transmitted by eating brain or nerve tissue from infected animals. It is always fatal; no exceptions.. BSE - Bovine spongiform encephalopathy - mad cow disease (the bovine form of the disease). Scrapie - a similar disease in sheep. Chronic wasting disease - a similar disease in deer Kuru - a similar disease that occurred in one particular tribe in New Guinea; this tribe was unusual in that they were cannibals but ate their dead relatives. (Cannibals generally eat dead enemies only.) Only the women and children ate the dead relatives. Only the women and children got the disease too. Prion - all these diseases are thought to be to be transmitted by prions which are a type of protein. [1] Prions can survive being autoclaved, heated to extremely high temperatures (way beyond what cooking would ever produce). In fact, we dont yet know any way to kill them. Transmissible spongiform ...
https://meadows.pairsite.com/bonemealandvcjd.html
Wheres the Beef Come From? - SFGateWheres the Beef Come From? - SFGate
[...] you only have to worry about the brains, and this is head. [...] there isnt any brain in tete de veau, despite its name. [...] no one in Le Passage seemed concerned about contracting variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, vCJD, the human form of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, a disease that leads to a rather gruesome death in both ruminants and people. The outbreak began in Britain around 1986, about six years after feed manufacturers changed their method of rendering unusable animal carcasses and parts into a high protein meal. Cows started falling down, twitching, and aimlessly butting their heads, victims of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, BSE. Sure enough just as I got home at the end of January, the U.S. press started picking up on the story, especially after a thousand cattle in Texas were quarantined when Purina Mills revealed that they may have mixed cow meat and bone meal into a feed supplement that was put on a wrong truck. According to Bill Niman, a grower and processor of
https://www.sfgate.com/magazine/article/Where-s-the-Beef-Come-From-2928911.php
First participant diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the population-based Rotterdam Study was classified with mild...First participant diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the population-based Rotterdam Study was classified with mild...
sCJD is the most common form of CJD.4 We report the first case diagnosed with sCJD who was enrolled in a population-based cohort study and was classified as having mild cognitive impairment during the diagnostic workup for sCJD.. sCJD is a fatal neurological disease with a large variety in symptom onset and progression. Rapid progressive cognitive decline leading to dementia is often the first clinical manifestation of sCJD. We describe the first case diagnosed with sCJD in the population-based Rotterdam Study and for whom prospective epidemiological data is available. During the patients last visit at our research centre, she had subjective cognitive complaints and, based on cognitive examinations, she also had objective cognitive impairment. Therefore, she was classified within the study as having mild cognitive impairment. At the same time, the patient was suffering from several other neurological symptoms and was referred to the neurology clinic for diagnostic workup. Given that sCJD is a ...
https://casereports.bmj.com/content/14/3/e235509
Why Mad Cow in Calif. Should Not Scare You | HealthMapWhy Mad Cow in Calif. Should Not Scare You | HealthMap
On Tuesday April 24 2012, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) confirmed a case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in a dairy cow in California. This case marks the nations fourth case of the disease.. Mad cow disease has frightened the public since it emerged in the United Kingdom in 1986. People are alarmed because eating meat from a cow with BSE can be fatal. While the disease is not well understood, we know that BSE is transmitted by feeding cattle food with meat or bone products infected by the BSE prion. Prions are abnormal proteins that can cause rare progressive neurodegenerative diseases. Human infection from BSE is believed to be the cause of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), a fatal human disease. In response to this new US case, a South Korean retailer (South Korea is the fourth largest importer of U.S. beef) has temporarily halted sales of U.S. beef for fear of spread of the disease in humans.. Given the potential human health consequences, the case in ...
http://www.healthmap.org/site/diseasedaily/article/why-mad-cow-calif-should-not-scare-you-42612
Prion News, Research - Page 10Prion News, Research - Page 10
UK scientists have developed a new blood test that can diagnose cases of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD), a rare, fatal brain disease caused by proteins known as prions. These prions are also responsible for the mad cow disease, or bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). This test could in near future be used to identify contaminated blood and prevent transmission of the disease during blood transfusions, the researchers said.. ...
https://www.news-medical.net/?tag=/Prion&page=10
Bovine Spongiform EncephalopathyBovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
Commonly known as mad cow disease, BSE is a slowly progressive, incurable disease affecting the central nervous system of cattle, first diagnosed in Britain in 1986. Consumption by cattle of BSE-contaminated ruminant proteins in animal feed has been cited as one possible means of transmission. Scientists have confirmed a link between BSE in cattle and several dozen recent European cases of a human variant of BSE, Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease. More than 77,000 cattle suspected of having been exposed to the disease have been slaughtered in Great Britain, and a ban on ruminant protein-containing feeds was imposed in 1988. To date, no BSE has been found in U.S. cattle, although other BSE-like animal diseases are found in the United States, including scrapie in sheep and goats. USDA banned the importation of live cattle from Great Britain in 1989, and imposed a partial ban on using ruminant protein in animal feed in 1997 ...
http://healthboard.com/Encyclopedia/Agriculture/term/bovine_spongiform_encephalopathy.html
Amandas Story | Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease FoundationAmandas Story | Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Foundation
Follow the journey of Amanda and her husband, Bradley, as they fight to have children free of the gene that causes Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease, a prion disease that has stalked her family for generations.
https://cjdfoundation.org/amandas-story
Welcome to CDC stacks | Case 1: Lactic Acidosis and Respiratory Distress in a 10-Day-Old Infant - 32698 | CDC Public AccessWelcome to CDC stacks | Case 1: Lactic Acidosis and Respiratory Distress in a 10-Day-Old Infant - 32698 | CDC Public Access
Black/white comparisons of premature mortality for public health program planning--District of Columbia. -- Update: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in a second patient who received a cadaveric dura mater graft. -- Deaths associated with thiamine-deficient ...
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/32698
MADCOW USDA the untold story: INTERPRETING RESULTS OF FSIS VERIFICATION SAMPLING OF DOMESTIC BEEF PRODUCT DERIVED FROM ADVANCED...MADCOW USDA the untold story: INTERPRETING RESULTS OF FSIS VERIFICATION SAMPLING OF DOMESTIC BEEF PRODUCT DERIVED FROM ADVANCED...
MOLECULAR BASIS OF HUMAN PRION DISEASES Molecular strain typing Molecular strain typing in the form of classifying the mobility and glycoform ratio of protease-resistant prion protein byWestern blotting is a remarkably useful adjunct to neuropathological assessment during the post-mortem diagnosis of human prion diseases (Fig. 1). The glycoform ratio difference between vCJD and all forms of sCJD is a remarkably robust phenomenon, although the mechanism underlying it remains obscure. All cases of vCJD examined show type 2B PrPres, irrespective of brain region assayed and the PrPres type is also found in lymphoreticular tissues, albeit with presumably tissue-specific minor modification of mobility and an accentuation of the glycoform ratio. Similarly sCJD cases are characterized by a narrow range of glycoform ratios, distinct from vCJD, and the presence of either type 1 or type 2 PrPres (type 1A and type 2A).The PrPres types found in the brain in iCJD and kuru resemble those found in sCJD (type 1A ...
http://madcowusda.blogspot.com/2013/06/interpreting-results-of-fsis.html
Figure 2 - Asynchronous Onset of Clinical Disease in BSE-Infected Macaques - Volume 19, Number 7-July 2013 - Emerging...Figure 2 - Asynchronous Onset of Clinical Disease in BSE-Infected Macaques - Volume 19, Number 7-July 2013 - Emerging...
To estimate the effect of the variability of prion disease onset on primary bovine spongiform encephalopathy transmission to humans, we studied 6 cynomolgus macaques. The preclinical incubation period was significantly prolonged in 2 animals, implying that onset of variant Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease in humans could be more diverse than previously expected.
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/19/7/12-0438-f2
Prion diseases - King CountyPrion diseases - King County
Prions are infectious proteins that cause illness when they fold abnormally in the brain. These illnesses are sometimes called transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE). The most common human prion disease is Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD), a rare, rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder.
https://www.kingcounty.gov/depts/health/communicable-diseases/disease-control/prion.aspx
2011 ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Code 046.19 : Other and unspecified creutzfeldt-jakob disease2011 ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Code 046.19 : Other and unspecified creutzfeldt-jakob disease
Free, official information about 2011 (and also 2012-2015) ICD-9-CM diagnosis code 046.19, including coding notes, detailed descriptions, index cross-references and ICD-10-CM conversion.
http://www.icd9data.com/2011/Volume1/001-139/045-049/046/046.19.htm
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease - The Neurology LoungeCreutzfeldt-Jakob disease - The Neurology Lounge
Tetanus is an eminently preventable disease, now almost wiped out in developed countries by simple immunisation. It however continues its pillage and plunder in the developing world. It strikes young and old alike, often invading the body through innocuous wounds. Tetanus is caused by tetanospasmin and tetanolysin, the deadly toxins of the bacterium Clostridium tetani. The disease is classified as generalised, localised, cephalic, or neonatal tetanus. It is characterised by painful spasms which manifest as lockjaw (trismus), facial contortions (risus sardonicus), trunkal rigidity (opisthotonus), and vocal cord spasms (laryngospasm). The disease is awfully distressing and, when advanced, untreatable. It is a stain on the world that this avoidable disorder continuous to threaten a large number of its inhabitants. Check neurochecklists for more on the pathology, clinical features, and management of tetanus.. ...
https://theneurologylounge.com/tag/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease/
Mammalian prion biology: one century of evolving concepts. - Zurich Open Repository and ArchiveMammalian prion biology: one century of evolving concepts. - Zurich Open Repository and Archive
Prions have been responsible for an entire century of tragic episodes. Fifty years ago, kuru decimated the population of Papua New Guinea. Then, iatrogenic transmission of prions caused more than 250 cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. More recently, transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy to humans caused a widespread health scare. On the other hand, the biology of prions represents a fascinating and poorly understood phenomenon, which may account for more than just diseases and may represent a fundamental mechanism of crosstalk between proteins. The two decades since Stanley Prusiners formulation of the protein-only hypothesis have witnessed spectacular advances, and yet some of the most basic questions in prion science have remained unanswered. ...
http://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/1942/
ORBi: Browsing ORBiORBi: Browsing ORBi
in Journal of Molecular Biology (1997), 274(3), 381-93. The prion protein (PrPC) is a glycoprotein of unknown function normally found at the surface of neurons and of glial cells. It is involved in diseases such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy, and ... [more ▼]. The prion protein (PrPC) is a glycoprotein of unknown function normally found at the surface of neurons and of glial cells. It is involved in diseases such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the human, where PrPC is converted into an altered form (termed PrPSc). PrPSc is highly resistant towards proteolytic degradation and accumulates in the central nervous system of affected individuals. By analogy with the pathological events occuring during the development of Alzheimers disease, controverses still exist regarding the relationship between amyloidogenesis, prion aggregation and neuronal loss. To unravel the mechanism of PrP neurotoxicity and understand the interaction of PrP with cellular ...
http://orbi.ulg.be/browse?type=title&sort_by=2&order=ASC&rpp=20&etal=3&offset=80
Viral diseases and host defensesViral diseases and host defenses
One main motivation for the study of viruses is the fact that they cause many important infectious diseases, among them the common cold, influenza, rabies, measles, many forms of diarrhea, hepatitis, Dengue fever, yellow fever, polio, smallpox and AIDS. Herpes simplex causes cold sores and genital herpes and is under investigation as a possible factor in Alzheimers. Some viruses, known as oncoviruses, contribute to the development of certain forms of cancer. The best studied example is the association between Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer: almost all cases of cervical cancer are caused by certain strains of this sexually transmitted virus. Another example is the association of infection with hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses and liver cancer. Some subviral particles also cause disease: the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, which include Kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease), are caused by prions, and hepatitis D is due to ...
http://creacionesyeyh.com/Viral_diseases_and_host_defenses.html
MADCOW USDA the untold story: June 2014MADCOW USDA the untold story: June 2014
The occurrence of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob (vCJD) disease in humans was almost certainly the result of consumption of food contaminated with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) prions. Despite probable widespread exposure of the UK population to BSE-contaminated food in the 1980s, vCJD has been identified predominantly in young individuals, and there have been fewer cases of clinical disease than anticipated. The reasons for this are uncertain. Following peripheral exposure, many prions replicate within the lymphoid tissues before infecting the central nervous system. We have shown that the effects of host age on the microarchitecture of the spleen significantly impair susceptibility to mouse-adapted prions after peripheral exposure. The transmission of prions between different mammalian species is considered to be limited by the species barrier, which is dependent on several factors, including an intact immune system. Thus, cross-species prion transmission may be much less efficient in ...
http://madcowusda.blogspot.com/2014_06_01_archive.html
Professor Mick Tuite - School of Biosciences - University of KentProfessor Mick Tuite - School of Biosciences - University of Kent
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) is an unusual infectious disease of the human brain that leads to dementia and death. The most baffling fact about this and related diseases such as sheep scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, Mad Cow Disease) is that they appear to be triggered by a unique class of infectious agent known as a prion (protein-only infectious agent). Although CJD is a comparatively rare disease in humans (approximately 1 in a million people will contract the disease in any one year), sufferers show many of the pathological features seen in individuals suffering from other more common, non-infectious diseases of the brain such as Alzheimers Disease and Parkinsons Disease. In spite of its infectious nature, the majority of cases of human CJD (~80%) are known to occur sporadically i.e. appear spontaneously, without any evidence of the diseased individual acquiring an infectious prion from a third party, or through a mutation in the individuals genes. Prions are highly ...
https://www.kent.ac.uk/bio/profiles/staff/tuite.html
Prion-Related Diseases Follow-up: Further Outpatient Care, Further Inpatient Care, Deterrence/PreventionPrion-Related Diseases Follow-up: Further Outpatient Care, Further Inpatient Care, Deterrence/Prevention
The prion diseases are a large group of related neurodegenerative conditions, which affect both animals and humans. Included are Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker (GSS) in humans, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, or
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1168941-followup
Blank adalah...Blank adalah...
Prion adalah pembawa penyakit menular yang hanya terdiri dari protein. Prion tidak dapat dimusnahkan dengan panas, radiasi, atau formalin. Prion menyebabkan berbagai penyakit degenerasi seperti kuru, scrapie, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), dan bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE atau sapi gila). Semua penyakit ini menyerang otak atau sistem syaraf lainnya, mematikan, dan belum dapat disembuhkan. Namun sebuah vaksin telah dikembangkan untuk tikus dan sedang dikembangkan lebih lanjut untuk manusia ...
http://duniashinichi.blogspot.com/2007/08/blank-adalah.html
Integra LifeSciences Holdings Corp. - Quarterly ReportIntegra LifeSciences Holdings Corp. - Quarterly Report
Certain of our products, including the DuraGen(R) Dural Graft products, the NeuraGen(TM) Nerve Guide, and the INTEGRA(R) Dermal Regeneration Template, contain material derived from bovine tissue. Products that contain materials derived from animal sources, including food as well as pharmaceuticals and medical devices, are increasingly subject to scrutiny in the press and by regulatory authorities. Regulatory authorities are concerned about the potential for the transmission of disease from animals to humans via those materials. This public scrutiny has been particularly acute in Japan and Western Europe with respect to products derived from cattle, because of concern that materials infected with the agent that causes bovine spongiform encephalopathy, otherwise known as BSE or mad cow disease, may, if ingested or implanted, cause a variant of the human Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, an ultimately fatal disease with no known cure. Recent cases of BSE discovered in Canada and the United States have ...
http://investor.integralife.com/secfiling.cfm?filingID=917520-04-18
neuroscience - Difference between brain disease and brain disorder - Psychology & Neuroscience Stack Exchangeneuroscience - Difference between brain disease and brain disorder - Psychology & Neuroscience Stack Exchange
This might lead you to deduce that the disease is the manifestation, whereas disorder is the source. Though I would say that this is as close to a real distinction youll find, even that doesnt consistently hold up. We talk about infectious diseases though we know the etiology and pathology, and inherited diseases and disorders. Mental diseases are mostly disorders regardless of their genetics.. The truth is that nomenclature is subjective. It has something to do with history (if the person who discovers or elucidates the disorder an illness names it a disease, a disease it will tend to remain, e.g. Huntingtons disease/Crohns disease), precedent, and advances in understanding. I think there is a tendency to name things disorders today, as disease carries certain connotations. It is all very subjective.. Edited to add: no disease or disorder occurs without some change in underlying structure. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (closely related to Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy - also known as Mad Cow ...
https://psychology.stackexchange.com/questions/7759/difference-between-brain-disease-and-brain-disorder
Protein Marker Distinguishes Prion Disease from Rapid Alzheimers | ALZFORUMProtein Marker Distinguishes Prion Disease from Rapid Alzheimers | ALZFORUM
Some cases of Alzheimers disease progress quickly, mimicking prion-based Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Many people with this form of Alzheimers are misdiagnosed, because clinicians have no reliable way to distinguish between the two disorders. In the January 5 JAMA Neurology, researchers led by Isabelle Quadrio at Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France, propose using levels of total prion protein (t-PrP) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to differentiate CJD from AD. The authors found that people with prion disease had lower CSF levels of this protein than AD patients did. In a study of 209 patients with either disorder, t-PrP classified patients much more accurately than the currently accepted biomarker, 14-3-3 protein, they report. When they combined t-PrP with CSF tau, they correctly identified 96 percent of patients with atypical, fast-progressing AD in this study, as compared with 57 percent using 14-3-3 alone.. This is a very promising result that should now be validated in independent ...
https://www.alzforum.org/news/research-news/protein-marker-distinguishes-prion-disease-rapid-alzheimers
Whitehead Institute - News Archive - 13Whitehead Institute - News Archive - 13
August 19, 2013. By directly altering the gene coding for the prion protein (PrP), Whitehead Institute researchers have created mouse models of two neurodegenerative prion diseases, each of which manifests in different regions of the brain. These new models for fatal familial insomnia (FFI) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) accurately reflect the distinct patterns of destruction caused by the these diseases in humans. Remarkably, as different as each disease is, they both spontaneously generate infectious prions.. ...
http://wi.mit.edu/news/archive/2018?page=12
National Prion Clinic (UK)National Prion Clinic (UK)
Prion diseases comprise Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome, fatal familial insomnia and ... Aside from patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other prion diseases, referrals are welcome of healthy but at-risk ... collaboration with the UK Health Protection Agency referrals are received from individuals at risk of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob ... Diagnosis of Gerstmann-Straussler syndrome in familial dementia with prion protein gene analysis. Lancet 1989; 2: 15-7 http:// ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Prion_Clinic_(UK)
Posterior cortical atrophyPosterior cortical atrophy
PCA may also be correlated with Lewy body disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Bálint's syndrome, and Gerstmann syndrome. In ... In rare cases, PCA can be caused by dementia with Lewy bodies and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The main symptom resulting from ... Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), also called Benson's syndrome, is a rare form of dementia which is considered a visual ... Bernard; Alexis Brice (September 2004). "Benson's syndrome or Posterior Cortical Atrophy" (PDF). Orphanet Encyclopedia. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_cortical_atrophy
The Tale of the Dueling NeurosurgeonsThe Tale of the Dueling Neurosurgeons
Another illness that falls into the category of prions is Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome, a degenerative neurological disorder. ... Korsakoff's Syndrome leads to people lying compulsively, especially brain-damaged alcoholics. Back to before, the brain needs ... There are ones such as Cotard's Delusion, in which people believe that they are dead, and Capgras syndrome, in which one ... There is the Alice in Wonderland syndrome, in which the person's body feels much out of proportion and delusional bicephaly. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Tale_of_the_Dueling_Neurosurgeons
Chromosome 20Chromosome 20
PRNP: prion protein (p27-30) (Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Gerstmann-Strausler-Scheinker syndrome, fatal familial insomnia) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_20
Alzheimer Society of IrelandAlzheimer Society of Ireland
Dementia types include vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, frontotemporal dementia, Korsakoff's syndrome, Creutzfeldt ... Jakob disease, HIV related cognitive impairment, mild cognitive impairment, and other rarer causes of dementia. The Alzheimer ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer_Society_of_Ireland
Alzheimers SocietyAlzheimer's Society
Dementia types include vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, frontotemporal dementia, Korsakoff's syndrome, Creutzfeldt ... Jakob disease, HIV-related cognitive impairment, mild cognitive impairment, and other rarer causes of dementia. It is a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer's_Society
Intention tremorIntention tremor
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Guillain-Barré syndrome and fragile X syndrome, as well as brain tumors, low blood sugar, ... "Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome-An Older Face of the Fragile X Gene." 2007. In Nature Clinical Practice Neurology. ... Bhidayasiri, R (2005). "Differential diagnosis of common tremor syndromes". Postgraduate Medical Journal. 81 (962): 756-62. doi ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intention_tremor
List of MeSH codes (C10)List of MeSH codes (C10)
... creutzfeldt-jakob syndrome MeSH C10.228.140.380.230 - dementia, vascular MeSH C10.228.140.380.230.250 - dementia, multi-infarct ... creutzfeldt-jakob syndrome MeSH C10.228.228.800.260 - encephalopathy, bovine spongiform MeSH C10.228.228.800.350 - gerstmann- ... cri-du-chat syndrome MeSH C10.597.606.643.210 - de lange syndrome MeSH C10.597.606.643.220 - down syndrome MeSH C10.597.606.643 ... melas syndrome MeSH C10.228.140.163.100.540 - menkes kinky hair syndrome MeSH C10.228.140.163.100.545 - merrf syndrome MeSH ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(C10)
List of infections of the central nervous systemList of infections of the central nervous system
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and its variant Fatal familial insomnia Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome Kuru Variably ... Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ... Familial spongiform encephalopathy PANDAS Sydenham's chorea Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis Guillain-Barré syndrome ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_infections_of_the_central_nervous_system
List of MeSH codes (F03)List of MeSH codes (F03)
... creutzfeldt-jakob syndrome MeSH F03.087.400.350 - dementia, vascular MeSH F03.087.400.350.400 - dementia, multi-infarct MeSH ... asperger syndrome MeSH F03.550.325.125 - autistic disorder MeSH F03.550.325.412 - rett syndrome MeSH F03.550.325.700 - ... restless legs syndrome MeSH F03.870.664.635 - sleep arousal disorders MeSH F03.870.664.635.600 - night terrors MeSH F03.870. ... jet lag syndrome MeSH F03.870.400.800 - sleep disorders, intrinsic MeSH F03.870.400.800.200 - disorders of excessive somnolence ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(F03)
PRNPPRNP
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), fatal familial insomnia (FFI), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS), kuru, and ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease - glutamic acid-200 is replaced by lysine while valine is present at amino acid 129 Gerstmann- ... to compound risk for both Alzheimer's and sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. A point mutation on codon 102 of PRNP at least in ... variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). Similarities exist between kuru, thought to be due to human ingestion of diseased ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRNP
Michael GeschwindMichael Geschwind
... including Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome), Alzheimer disease, and limbic and autoimmune ... "Challenging the Clinical Utility of the 14-3-3 Protein for the Diagnosis of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease". Archives of ... "Diffusion-Weighted and Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Imaging in Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: High Sensitivity and ... He has served as the principal investigator on studies on human prion disease and Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease. He was guest ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Geschwind
Samuel WeissSamuel Weiss
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and Fragile X syndrome. His discovery of adult mammalian central nervous system stem cells has ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Weiss
Alfons Maria JakobAlfons Maria Jakob
Pearce The Man Behind the Syndrome by Greta Beighton Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease at Who Named It Alfons Maria Jakob - ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: A very rare and incurable degenerative neurological disease. It is the most common form of ... He first recognised and described Alper's disease and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (named along with Munich neuropathologist Hans ... Jakob made a lecture tour of the United States (1924) and South America (1928), of which, he wrote a paper on the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfons_Maria_Jakob
Ilya ScheinkerIlya Scheinker
... a variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. They studied at the University of Jena, and the University of Vienna, graduating in ... The persecution of the men behind the syndrome". Neurology. 83 (3): 272-277. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000000606. ISSN 0028-3878. ... who in 1936 collaborated with Josef Gerstmann and Ernst Sträussler to describe Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Scheinker
List of neurological conditions and disordersList of neurological conditions and disorders
... arteritis Craniosynostosis Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Cumulative trauma disorders Cushing's syndrome Cyclic vomiting syndrome ... 15 Joubert syndrome Karak syndrome Kearns-Sayre syndrome Kinsbourne syndrome Kleine-Levin syndrome Klippel Feil syndrome Krabbe ... Shaken baby syndrome Shingles Shy-Drager syndrome Sjögren's syndrome Sleep apnea Sleeping sickness Snatiation Sotos syndrome ... Febrile seizures Fisher syndrome Fibromyalgia Foville's syndrome Fragile X syndrome Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_neurological_conditions_and_disorders
Bálints syndromeBálint's syndrome
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease have also been found to cause this kind of damage. ... The validity of Bálint's syndrome has been questioned by some.[by whom?] The components in the syndrome's triad of defects ( ... Therefore, clinicians should be familiar with Bálint's syndrome and its various etiologies. Bálint's syndrome symptoms can be ... Bálint's syndrome occurs most often with an acute onset as a consequence of two or more strokes at more or less the same place ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bálint's_syndrome
Alain-Jacques ValleronAlain-Jacques Valleron
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)... Alain-Jacques Valleron has always placed his research at ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain-Jacques_Valleron
New Brunswick neurological syndrome of unknown causeNew Brunswick neurological syndrome of unknown cause
Symptoms of the suspected disease are similar to those of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and other prion diseases, but no ... Reports of the syndrome was leaked to the public in March 2021, after which the existence of the syndrome was made public by ... Coulthart, M. B.; Cashman, N. R. (2001). "Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: A summary of current scientific knowledge in ... when it delegated Ottawa-based Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Surveillance System director Michael Coulthart to investigate the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Brunswick_neurological_syndrome_of_unknown_cause
Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndromeGerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome
Myoclonus (spasmodic muscle contraction) is less frequently seen than in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Many patients also exhibit ... pure dementia GSS and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease-like GSS. GSS is part of a group of diseases called transmissible spongiform ... Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS) is an extremely rare, usually familial, fatal neurodegenerative disease that ... Collins S, McLean CA, Masters CL (September 2001). "Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome,fatal familial insomnia, and kuru: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker_syndrome
PrionPrion
The human prion disease variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, however, is thought to be caused by a prion that typically infects ... Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS), fatal familial insomnia (FFI), and kuru. There is also evidence suggesting ... Sutton JM, Dickinson J, Walker JT, Raven ND (September 2006). "Methods to minimize the risks of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease ... In humans, prions are believed to be the cause of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), its variant (vCJD), ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prion
ApathyApathy
CADASIL syndrome, depression, Alzheimer's disease, Chagas disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, dementia (and dementias such as ... Marin argues that apathy is a syndrome associated with many different brain disorders. This has now been shown to be the case ... It is also known to be a distinct psychiatric syndrome[citation needed] that is associated with many conditions, some of which ... several studies have shown that the two syndromes are dissociable: apathy can occur independently of depression and vice versa ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apathy
Alien hand syndromeAlien hand syndrome
Corticobasal degeneration and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.[citation needed] Other areas of the brain that are associated with ... Alien hand syndrome (AHS) or Dr. Strangelove syndrome is a category of conditions in which a person experiences their limbs ... Apraxia and Related Syndromes at eMedicine Kischka, U; Ettlin, TM; Lichtenstern, L; Riedo, C (1996). "Alien hand syndrome of ... "How Alien Hand Syndrome Works". HowStuffWorks. Retrieved October 6, 2011. "Definition of Alien Hand Syndrome". MedicalNet.com. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_hand_syndrome
Ganser syndromeGanser syndrome
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Huntington's disease. *Parkinson's disease. *AIDS dementia complex. *Frontotemporal dementia ... The syndrome has also been called nonsense syndrome, balderdash syndrome, syndrome of approximate answers, hysterical ... a b c d e f g h i Weiner, H.; Brainman, A. (1955). The Ganser Syndrome: A Review and Addition of Some Unusual Cases. American ... a b c d e f g h i Bromberg, W. (1986). The neglect of Ganser Syndrome. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 143(7), 937-938. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganser_syndrome
Asperger syndromeAsperger syndrome
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Frontotemporal dementia. *Huntington's disease. *Mild cognitive impairment. *Parkinson's disease ... "Asperger's syndrome". Oxford Dictionaries. Retrieved 16 May 2018.. *^ a b c d e f g h i "Autism Spectrum Disorder". National ... Asperger syndrome. Other names. Asperger's syndrome, Asperger disorder (AD), Asperger's, schizoid disorder of childhood,[1] ... Main article: History of Asperger syndrome. Named after the Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger (1906-1980), Asperger syndrome ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asperger's_syndrome
Corticobasal syndromeCorticobasal syndrome
Alzheimer's disease Pick's disease with Pick bodies Lewy body dementias Neurofilament inclusion body disease Creutzfeldt-Jakob ... Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is a rare, progressive atypical Parkinsonism syndrome and is a tauopathy related to frontotemporal ... May 2019). "Corticobasal syndrome: neuroimaging and neurophysiological advances". Eur. J. Neurol. 26 (5): 701-e52. doi:10.1111/ ... The other three phenotypes of CBD are: frontal-behavioral dysexecutive-spatial syndrome (FBS) nonfluent/agrammatic variant of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticobasal_syndrome
Diagnosis of Asperger syndromeDiagnosis of Asperger syndrome
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Frontotemporal dementia. *Huntington's disease. *Mild cognitive impairment. *Parkinson's disease ... Cornelia De Lange syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome, fragile X syndrome, dyslexia, Fahr syndrome, hyperlexia, leukodystrophy, ... "Asperger Syndrome Fact Sheet". ninds.nih.gov.. *^ Attwood, T (2003). Is There a Difference Between Asperger's Syndrome and High ... criteria to diagnose Asperger syndrome. Several factors complicate the diagnosis of Asperger syndrome (AS), an autism spectrum ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnosis_of_Asperger_syndrome
Organic brain syndromeOrganic brain syndrome
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Diffuse Lewy Body disease Huntington's disease Multiple sclerosis Normal pressure hydrocephalus ... Organic brain syndrome, also known as organic brain disease, organic brain disorder, organic mental syndrome, or organic mental ... "Organic brain syndrome". MedlinePlus. Khan A, Joyce P, Jones AV (August 1980). "Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndromes". N. Z. Med ... www.healthline.com/health/organic-brain-syndrome#causes "MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Organic brain syndrome". Retrieved ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_brain_syndrome
Ernst SträusslerErnst Sträussler
... he described a rare prion disease that is usually regarded as a variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Today this condition is ... known as Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS). Anlage- und Bildungsfehler des Centralnervensystems, Anlagekrankheiten ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Sträussler
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizurePsychogenic non-epileptic seizure
Savant syndrome. Dementia. *AIDS dementia complex. *Alzheimer's disease. *Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Frontotemporal dementia ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychogenic_non-epileptic_seizure
Lyme diseaseLyme disease
... abnormalities seen in the SPECT images are very similar to those seen in people with cerebral vacuities and Creutzfeldt-Jakob ... Garin-Bujadoux syndrome, Bannwarth syndrome, Afzelius's disease,[255] Montauk Knee or sheep tick fever. Since 1976 the disease ... "Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome".. Further reading[edit]. *. Richard Ostfeld (2012). Lyme Disease: The Ecology of a ... The full syndrome now known as Lyme disease was not recognized until a cluster of cases originally thought to be juvenile ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease
ICD-10 Chapter V: Mental and behavioural disordersICD-10 Chapter V: Mental and behavioural disorders
F02.1) Dementia in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *(F02.2) Dementia in Huntington's disease. *(F02.3) Dementia in Parkinson's ... Alcohol dependence syndrome Alcohol withdrawal syndrome Delirium tremens Alcoholic hallucinosis Korsakoff's syndrome ... F50-F59) Behavioural syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors[edit]. *(F50) Eating disorders * ... F07.2) Postconcussional syndrome. *(F07.8) Other organic personality and behavioural disorders due to brain disease, damage and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICD-10_Chapter_F
Sexual anhedoniaSexual anhedonia
A spinal cord injury or chronic fatigue syndrome might also occasionally cause this disorder.[2] Age may also be a cause of ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Huntington's disease. *Parkinson's disease. *AIDS dementia complex. *Frontotemporal dementia ... A New Megavitamin Syndrome - NEJM". New England Journal of Medicine. 309 (8): 445-448. doi:10.1056/nejm198308253090801.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_anhedonia
ProteasomeProteasome
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease,[128] and motor neuron diseases, polyglutamine (PolyQ) diseases, muscular dystrophies[129] and ... Sjogren's syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) predominantly exhibit circulating proteasomes which can be applied as clinical ... "Marked increase in cerebrospinal fluid ubiquitin in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease". Neuroscience Letters. 139 (1): 47-9. doi: ... Jakob C, Egerer K, Liebisch P, Türkmen S, Zavrski I, Kuckelkorn U, Heider U, Kaiser M, Fleissner C, Sterz J, Kleeberg L, Feist ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteasome
DysthymiaDysthymia
Savant syndrome. Dementia. *AIDS dementia complex. *Alzheimer's disease. *Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Frontotemporal dementia ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_depression
PRNPPRNP
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), fatal familial insomnia (FFI), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS), kuru, and ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease - glutamic acid-200 is replaced by lysine while valine is present at amino acid 129 ... to compound risk for both Alzheimer's and sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.[54] A point mutation on codon 102 of PRNP at ... variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). Similarities exist between kuru, thought to be due to human ingestion of diseased ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRNP
List of phobiasList of phobias
Savant syndrome. Dementia. *AIDS dementia complex. *Alzheimer's disease. *Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Frontotemporal dementia ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypnophobia
Posttraumatic stress disorderPosttraumatic stress disorder
Savant syndrome. Dementia. *AIDS dementia complex. *Alzheimer's disease. *Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Frontotemporal dementia ... Herman JL (July 1992). "Complex PTSD: A syndrome in survivors of prolonged and repeated trauma". Journal of Traumatic Stress. 5 ... See also: Rape trauma syndrome. An individual that has been exposed to domestic violence is predisposed to the development of ... Some at the Pentagon have used the terminology "PTSS" (syndrome instead of disorder, to avoid connotation of stigma), or just " ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posttraumatic_stress_disorder
MuscleMuscle
... and Parkinson's disease to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, can lead to problems with movement or motor coordination. ... Examples include cancer and AIDS, which induce a body wasting syndrome called cachexia. Other syndromes or conditions that can ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle
आइसीडी-१० अध्याय ब - विकिपीडियाआइसीडी-१० अध्याय ब - विकिपीडिया
A81.0) Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *(A81.1) Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. *(A81.2) Progressive multifocal ... B22.2) HIV disease resulting in wasting syndrome. *(B22.7) HIV disease resulting in multiple diseases classified elsewhere ...
https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/आइसीडी-१०_अध्याय_ब
COVID-19 - VikipediCOVID-19 - Vikipedi
"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 data hub". NCBI. 21 Mart 2020 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: ... "Outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): increased transmission beyond China - fourth update" ... "COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression". The Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30628-0. PMID ... "Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a newly emerged pathogen: an overview". Pathogens and Disease ...
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19
AnalgesicAnalgesic
Pain; fibromyalgia; Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.. Drowsiness, dizziness, heartburn, dry mouth, fatigue and nausea.[117] ... GI bleeds; ulcers; Reye syndrome; nephrotoxicity; blood dyscrasias (rarely); Stevens-Johnson syndrome (uncommon/rare) ... As per aspirin, except without Reye syndrome and with the following additions: myocardial infarctions, strokes and hypertension ... Hepatotoxicity; hypersensitivity reactions (rare), including Stevens-Johnson syndrome; hypotension (rare; IV). Phenacetin. No ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algesic
Parkinsons diseaseParkinson's disease
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Huntington's disease. *Parkinson's disease. *AIDS dementia complex. *Frontotemporal dementia ... This is now discouraged since it can bring on dangerous side effects such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome.[74] Most people ... Other causes that can secondarily produce parkinsonism are stroke and drugs.[59] Parkinson plus syndromes such as progressive ... The dopamine dysregulation syndrome - with wanting of medication leading to overusage - is a rare complication of levodopa use ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Parkinson's_disease
Generalized anxiety disorderGeneralized anxiety disorder
Overdose of an SSRI can result in serotonin syndrome.. Benzodiazepines[edit]. Benzodiazepines are most often prescribed to ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Huntington's disease. *Parkinson's disease. *AIDS dementia complex. *Frontotemporal dementia ... Lee, S.; Wu, J.; Ma, Y. L.; Tsang, A.; Guo, W.-J.; Sung, J. (2009). "Irritable bowel syndrome is strongly associated with ... such as irritable bowel syndrome.[62] Patients with GAD can sometimes present with symptoms such as insomnia or headaches as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized_anxiety
List of neurological conditions and disordersList of neurological conditions and disorders
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Cumulative trauma disorders. *Cushing's syndrome. *Cyclic vomiting syndrome. *Cyclothymic disorder ... and syndromes (e.g., Aicardi syndrome). There is disagreement over the definitions and criteria used to delineate various ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_neurological_disorders
ParuresisParuresis
Savant syndrome. Dementia. *AIDS dementia complex. *Alzheimer's disease. *Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Frontotemporal dementia ... Paruresis, also known as shy bladder syndrome, is a type of phobia in which a person is unable to urinate in the real or ... "UKPT - United Kingdom Paruresis Trust - Shy Bladder Syndrome Support. Retrieved 5 August 2018.. ... Soifer, Steven (2001). "Evolving Legal Ramifications". Shy Bladder Syndrome. New Harbinger. p. 98. ISBN 978-1-57224-227-2. .. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paruresis
Schizophreniform disorderSchizophreniform disorder
Savant syndrome. Dementia. *AIDS dementia complex. *Alzheimer's disease. *Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Frontotemporal dementia ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizophreniform_disorder
Daniel Carleton Gajdusek Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebasDaniel Carleton Gajdusek Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebas
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease)". Science. 165 (3897): 1023-1025. Bibcode:1969Sci...165.1023G. doi:10.1126/science.165.3897.1023. ... Gajdusek; Carleton, Daniel; Gibbs, Clarence J.; Alpers, Mâ (1966). "Experimental transmission of a Kuru-like syndrome to ...
https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek
Fear of childrenFear of children
Savant syndrome. Dementia. *AIDS dementia complex. *Alzheimer's disease. *Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Frontotemporal dementia ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedophobia_
Growth hormone therapyGrowth hormone therapy
In 1985, four young adults in the U.S. having received NPA growth hormone in the 1960s developed CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease ... The gains appear to be dose-dependent.[12] It has been used successfully in toddlers with Turner syndrome,[13] as well as in ... In 1976, physicians became aware that Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease could be transmitted by neurosurgical procedures and cornea ... In 1985 it was associated with the development of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and was withdrawn from use. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_hormone_therapy
Ugonjwa wa Alzheimer, kamusi elezo huruUgonjwa wa Alzheimer, kamusi elezo huru
... ugonjwa wa Creutzfeldt-Jakob, hivyo basi kuunganisha mfumo wa msingi wa matatizo haya ya kuzorota kwa nyuro na yale ya ugonjwa ... Lott IT, Head E (Machi 2005). "Alzheimer disease and Down syndrome: factors in pathogenesis". Neurobiol Aging 26 (3): 383-89. ... and dementia syndromes". J Alzheimers Dis 17 (1): 7-31. doi:10.3233/JAD-2009-1009 (inactive 2010-08-25) . PMID 19494429 . ... Down Syndrome) ambao wana nakala ziada ya jeni karibu ulimwenguni kote hudhihirisha Alzeima wanapofikisha umri wa maika 40.[36] ...
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugonjwa_wa_Alzheimer
Dissociative identity disorderDissociative identity disorder
Olio, KA (2004). "The Truth About 'False Memory Syndrome'". In Cosgrove L; Caplan PJ. Bias in psychiatric diagnosis. Northvale ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Huntington's disease. *Parkinson's disease. *AIDS dementia complex. *Frontotemporal dementia ... Merskey H (1995). "Multiple personality disorder and false memory syndrome". British Journal of Psychiatry. 166 (3): 281-283. ... The therapy-caused cases of DID, it is argued, are strongly linked to false memory syndrome, a concept and term coined by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_personality_disorder
Bipolar disorderBipolar disorder
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. *Huntington's disease. *Parkinson's disease. *AIDS dementia complex. *Frontotemporal dementia ... Berk M, Dodd S, Kauer-Sant'anna M, Malhi GS, Bourin M, Kapczinski F, Norman T (2007). "Dopamine dysregulation syndrome: ... Cirillo PC, Passos RB, Bevilaqua MC, López JR, Nardi AE (December 2012). "Bipolar disorder and Premenstrual Syndrome or ... premenstrual syndrome (including premenstrual dysphoric disorder), or panic disorder.[21][30][39][40] A careful longitudinal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_Disorder
Blood donationBlood donation
... such as travel to countries at risk for malaria or variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). These questions vary from country ... Research published in 2012 demonstrated that in patients with metabolic syndrome, repeated blood donation is effective in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_donation
Progressive inflammatory neuropathyProgressive inflammatory neuropathy
... and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). These all have highly transmissible pathogenic agents that induce brain damage. ... Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) induces an acute autoimmune response which affects the Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_inflammatory_neuropathy
Growth hormoneGrowth hormone
In 1985, unusual cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease were found in individuals that had received cadaver-derived HGH ten to ... Examples of other causes of shortness often treated with GH are Turner syndrome, chronic renal failure, Prader-Willi syndrome, ... Binder G, Wittekindt N, Ranke MB (February 2007). Noonan Syndrome: Genetics and Responsiveness to Growth Hormone Therapy. Horm ... More rarely, patients can experience joint swelling, joint pain, carpal tunnel syndrome, and an increased risk of diabetes.[48] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatotropin
Alzheimers diseaseAlzheimer's disease
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, thus potentially linking the underlying mechanism of these neurodegenerative disorders with that of ... Lott IT, Head E (March 2005). "Alzheimer disease and Down syndrome: factors in pathogenesis". Neurobiology of Aging. 26 (3): ... Down Syndrome) who have an extra gene copy almost universally exhibit at least the earliest symptoms of AD by 40 years of age.[ ... Education delays the onset of AD syndrome without changing the duration of the disease.[143] Learning a second language even ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer's
Browsing Publications by Subject Creutzfeldt-Jakob SyndromeBrowsing Publications by Subject "Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome"
Search of: prion disease OR Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease OR Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome OR fatal familial...Search of: 'prion disease' OR 'Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease' OR 'Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome' OR 'fatal familial...
prion disease OR Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease OR Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome OR fatal familial insomnia (9 ... prion disease OR Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease OR Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome OR fatal familial insomnia ... 9 Studies found for: prion disease OR Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease OR Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome OR fatal ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=%22prion%20disease%22%20OR%20%22Creutzfeldt-Jakob%20disease%22%20OR%20%22Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker%20syndrome%22%20OR%20%22fatal%20familial%20insomnia%22
Is variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in young children misdiagnosed as Alpers syndrome? An analysis of a national surveillance...Is variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in young children misdiagnosed as Alpers' syndrome? An analysis of a national surveillance...
Is variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in young children misdiagnosed as Alpers syndrome? An analysis of a national surveillance ... Is variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in young children misdiagnosed as Alpers syndrome? An analysis of a national surveillance ... Will RG, Zeidler M, Stewart GE, et al. Diagnosis of new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Ann Neurol 2000;47:575-82. ... Verity CM, Nicoll A, Will RG, et al. Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in UK children: a national surveillance study. Lancet ...
https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/75/6/910
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease | CJD | MedlinePlusCreutzfeldt-Jakob Disease | CJD | MedlinePlus
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, degenerative brain disorder. CJD progresses rapidly and is fatal. Learn how to ... ClinicalTrials.gov: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome (National Institutes of Health) * ClinicalTrials.gov: Prion Diseases (National ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (Alzheimers Association) * Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (National Institute of Neurological Disorders ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) Also in Spanish ...
https://medlineplus.gov/creutzfeldtjakobdisease.html
CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease) Quinacrine Study - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govCJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease) Quinacrine Study - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome. Dementia. Brain Diseases. Central Nervous System Diseases. Nervous System Diseases. Prion Diseases ... MedlinePlus related topics: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center resources: Creutzfeldt-Jakob ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)is a rapidly progressive, invariably fatal and untreatable neurodegenerative disease with a mean ... Quinacrine treatment trial for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neurology. 2013 Dec 3;81(23):2015-23. doi: 10.1212/WNL. ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00183092
WHO HQ Library catalog › Results of search for su:{Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome}WHO HQ Library catalog › Results of search for 'su:{Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome}'
No results found! No results found for that in WHO HQ Library catalog. ...
https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=su:%7BCreutzfeldt-Jakob%20syndrome%7D
Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease at the millenniumIatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease at the millennium
The causes and geographic distribution of 267 cases of iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) are here updated at the ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / epidemiology* * Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / genetics* * Humans * Iatrogenic Disease / ... Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease at the millennium Neurology. 2000 Oct 24;55(8):1075-81. doi: 10.1212/wnl.55.8.1075. ... The causes and geographic distribution of 267 cases of iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) are here updated at the ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11071481/?dopt=Abstract
MR imaging of Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseMR imaging of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / diagnosis* * Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / epidemiology * Female * Humans * Magnetic Resonance ... MR imaging of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Radiology. 1996 Jun;199(3):793-8. doi: 10.1148/radiology.199.3.8638007. ... Purpose: To describe the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging appearance of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8638007/?dopt=Abstract
Familiar Familial Prionlike DisordersFamiliar Familial Prionlike Disorders
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease presenting as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. J Neurol Sci 1992 Apr;108(2):149-53 Pietrini V A 47-year- ... A case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) with presenting Wernicke encephalopathy (WE)-like symptoms and severe insomnia is ... fragile X syndrome (FRAXA): long CGG repeats. -- fragile X syndrome FRAXE):long CGG repeats. -- myotonic dystrophy (DM): long ... However, the histological features were consistent with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) with focal accentuation of the changes ...
http://www.mad-cow.org/med_fever.html
Instructions for Classifying Multiple Causes of Death, 2018 - Section IIIInstructions for Classifying Multiple Causes of Death, 2018 - Section III
Jakob-Creutzfeldt Syndrome A810. Code I(a) organic personality disorder, F070, since reported due to Jakob-Creutzfeldt Syndrome ... II (b) Eaton-Lambert syndrome G708. Code I(b) Eaton-Lambert syndrome unassociated with neoplasm (G708) since there is no ... 8. Eaton-Lambert syndrome (C80). Code G708 (Eaton-Lambert syndrome unassociated with neoplasm) ... Korsakov Disease, Psychosis, or Syndrome (F106). Code F04 (Nonalcoholic Korsakovs disease, psychosis, or syndrome) ...
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/manuals/2018/2b-sectioniii-2018.htm
Characterization of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and History of Neurosurgery to Identify Potential Iatrogenic Cases -...Characterization of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and History of Neurosurgery to Identify Potential Iatrogenic Cases -...
Novel missense variants of prion protein in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease or Gerstmann-Sträussler syndrome. Biochem Biophys Res ... The authors thank members of the Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Surveillance Committee, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease specialists, ... MRI and clinical syndrome in dura mater-related Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Neurol. 2009;256:355-63. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar ... Ishida C, Kakishima A, Okino S, Furukawa Y, Kano M, Oda Y, et al. Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with MM1-type prion ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/6/18-1969
Neurology Podcast Search | American Academy of Neurology®Neurology Podcast Search | American Academy of Neurology®
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome. LOTW:triptans (12:46 - 24:35). 12:46 24:35 ... Ryan Overman is reading our e-Pearl of the week about the Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease. The podcast ... Ryan Overman is reading our e-Pearl of the week about the Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease. The podcast ... ePearl1:Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease (11:33 - 12:45). 11:33 12:45 ...
https://www.aan.com/rss/Search/home/EpisodeDetail?item=1989&segment=1847
ATYPICAL CREUTZFELDT JAKOB DISEASEs AND ATYPICAL BSEs - sporadic, spontaneous, or sourced ?ATYPICAL CREUTZFELDT JAKOB DISEASE's AND ATYPICAL BSE's - sporadic, spontaneous, or sourced ?
CJD itself, Jakob and Creutzfeldt, or Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker. syndrome, just another CJD or human TSE, named after ... Key words: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome; Regression Analysis; Mortality;. Death Certificate; Japan. snip.... AS demonstrated in ... Creutzfeldt Jakob. disease; FFI, fatal familial insomnia; GSS, Gerstmann Straeussler Scheinker. syndrome. Received August 10, ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) was being assessed in Hong Kong. So far, laboratory test results have proved negative, and it ...
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/1001487.html
Enfermedad de creutzfeldt-jakob en el Perú: reporte de once casosEnfermedad de creutzfeldt-jakob en el Perú: reporte de once casos
Keywords : Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome; Prion diseases; PrPSc proteins; Prions; Peru. · abstract in Spanish · text in Spanish · ... TORRES-RAMIREZ, Luis et al. Creutzfeldt-jakob disease in Peru: report of eleven cases. Rev. perú. med. exp. salud publica [ ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a fatal neurological disease caused by pathological isoform of the human prion protein. ...
http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1726-46342014000200027&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en
Carolyn L. Taylor, M.D. | Seattle, WACarolyn L. Taylor, M.D. | Seattle, WA
Creutzfeldt Jakob Syndrome. *Degenerative Brain Disorder. *Degenerative Disorders Of The Balance Organs ...
https://www.swedish.org/swedish-physicians/profile.aspx?name=carolyn+l+taylor&id=178887
Jennifer L. Witt, MD | Seattle,WAJennifer L. Witt, MD | Seattle,WA
creutzfeldt jakob syndrome. *deep brain stimulation. *degenerative brain disorder. *degenerative disorders of the balance ... The majority of patients she treats have Parkinsons Disease, atypical parkinsonism syndromes, tremor, dystonia, chorea, ...
https://www.swedish.org/swedish-physicians/profile.aspx?name=jennifer+l+witt&id=157935
2011 ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Code 046.19 : Other and unspecified creutzfeldt-jakob disease2011 ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Code 046.19 : Other and unspecified creutzfeldt-jakob disease
Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease (syndrome) 046.19*. with behavioral disturbance 046.19 [294.11. ]. *. without behavioral disturbance ... Familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease*Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease*Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease, unspecified*Sporadic ... Syndrome - see also Disease*. Creutzfeldt-Jakob 046.19*. with dementia*. with behavioral disturbance 046.19 [294.11. ] ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) (syndrome) 046.19*. with dementia*. with behavioral disturbance 046.19 [294.11. ] ...
http://www.icd9data.com/2011/Volume1/001-139/045-049/046/046.19.htm
2011 ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Code 046.11 : Variant creutzfeldt-jakob disease2011 ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Code 046.11 : Variant creutzfeldt-jakob disease
Syndrome - see also Disease*. Creutzfeldt-Jakob 046.19. *. with dementia*. with behavioral disturbance 046.19. [294.11. ] ... Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease (syndrome) 046.19. *. with behavioral disturbance 046.19. [294.11. ]. *. without behavioral ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) (syndrome) 046.19. *. variant (vCJD) 046.11*. with dementia*. with behavioral disturbance ... Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease (CJD) (syndrome) 046.19. *. variant (vCJD) 046.11*. with dementia*. with behavioral disturbance ...
http://www.icd9data.com/2011/Volume1/001-139/045-049/046/046.11.htm
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia ImageCreutzfeldt-Jakob disease: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Image
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is an organic brain syndrome caused by a protein-like particle called a prion. Loss of brain function ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is an organic brain syndrome caused by a protein-like particle called a prion. Loss of brain function ...
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/17146.htm
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: What Is It?Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: What Is It?
Learn what Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease is, what causes it, how its diagnosed and treated, as well as the symptoms and prognosis ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Accessed February 10, 2012. http://www.who.int/topics/creutzfeldtjakob_syndrome/en/ ... What Is Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)?. Creutzfeldt-Jakob (pronounced CROYZ-felt YAH-cob) disease is a very rare ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Foundation, Inc. Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and other Prion Diseases. Accessed February 10, 2012. http ...
https://www.verywell.com/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-p2-98734
Magnetic resonance imaging of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease.Magnetic resonance imaging of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease.
Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (CJD) is a degenerative proce ... We report a biopsy-diagnosed patient with Creutzfeldt-Jacob ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / pathology*. Female. Frontal Lobe / pathology. Humans. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Middle Aged. ... Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (CJD) is a degenerative process of the brain, induced by a novel infectious agent, and is usually ... We report a biopsy-diagnosed patient with Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease showing on magnetic resonance images bilateral increased ...
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Magnetic-resonance-imaging-Creutzfeldt-Jacob/1929213.html
Chromosome 20 - WikipediaChromosome 20 - Wikipedia
PRNP: prion protein (p27-30) (Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Gerstmann-Strausler-Scheinker syndrome, fatal familial insomnia) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_20
Kaspar René Nielsen - Aalborg Universitys Research PortalKaspar René Nielsen - Aalborg University's Research Portal
No evidence of transfusion transmitted sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: results from a bi-national cohort study. Holmqvist, ...
https://vbn.aau.dk/en/persons/130308
Zhongzeng Li, MD, PhD | Olympia,WAZhongzeng Li, MD, PhD | Olympia,WA
creutzfeldt jakob syndrome. *degenerative brain disorder. *degenerative disorders of the balance organs ...
http://www.providence.org/doctors/profile.aspx?region=wa&reset=true&name=li+zhongzeng&id=160038
Prion-Related Diseases: Background, Pathophysiology, EpidemiologyPrion-Related Diseases: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
Included are Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker (GSS) in humans, bovine spongiform ... Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and kuru patients lack a mutation consistently found in the Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome. ... Mutations in familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinkers syndrome. Exp Neurol. 1989 Nov. 106(2):204 ... Novel missense variants of prion protein in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease or Gerstmann-Sträussler syndrome. Biochem Biophys Res ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1168941-overview
Browsing Publications by SubjectBrowsing Publications by Subject
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome [‎1]‎. Crime [‎1]‎. Critical Illness [‎1]‎. Croatia [‎4]‎. Cross Infection [‎2]‎. ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/107132/browse?rpp=20&offset=97&etal=-1&sort_by=-1&type=mesh&starts_with_previous=B&order=ASC
Dr. Alireza Atri MD Reviews | San Francisco, CA | Vitals.comDr. Alireza Atri MD Reviews | San Francisco, CA | Vitals.com
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome (CJD) * Parkinson Disease * Aneurysm * Migraine Disorders * Memory Disorders * Stroke ...
https://www.vitals.com/doctors/Dr_Alireza_Atri.html
Verity C[au] - PubMed - NCBIVerity C[au] - PubMed - NCBI
Is variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in young children misdiagnosed as Alpers syndrome? An analysis of a national surveillance ... Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in UK children: a national surveillance study.. Verity CM, Nicoll A, Will RG, Devereux G, ... Is there evidence of vertical transmission of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?. Murray K, Peters J, Stellitano L, Winstone AM ... Guillain-Barré syndrome and H1N1 influenza vaccine in UK children.. Verity C, Stellitano L, Winstone AM, Andrews N, Stowe J, ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?cmd=search&term=Verity+C%5Bau%5D&dispmax=50
Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Categories: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
https://phil.cdc.gov/AdvancedSearchResults.aspx?Search=Creutzfeldt-Jakob+Syndrome&parentid=7818&catid=14529
VCJDHumansKuruPrion DiseasesVariant of Creutzfeldt Jakob dBovine Spongiform EncPrionsSuggested diagnosisGerstmann-StrausslAlzheimer'sDegenerative brain disorderFamilialDiseasesCases of iatrogenicNeurologicalIatrogenicSporadic formSCJDSubtypesAtypical1974CerebralMutationDisease FoundationEncephalopathyMagnetic resonanceClinicalSymptomsAutoimmuneCerebellumHuntington'sAntibodiesHumanDeficiencyLesionDegeneration
VCJD9
  • There has been concern that children with variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) might be misdiagnosed as cases of Alpers' syndrome, as a spongiform degeneration of the brain is seen in both conditions. (bmj.com)
  • The results show that Alpers' syndrome is rare and it is unlikely that vCJD cases are being misdiagnosed as Alpers' syndrome. (bmj.com)
  • The main aim of the PIND study is to identify any children in the United Kingdom who have developed variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). (bmj.com)
  • 1 There was concern that vCJD in children might be misdiagnosed as Alpers' syndrome, for two reasons. (bmj.com)
  • CJD may also be referred to as transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, vCJD, and Jacob-Creutzfeldt disease. (verywell.com)
  • While its incidence has steadily declined since the cessation of its route of transmission, endocannibalism, in Papua New Guinea in the 1950s, the arrival of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), also thought to be transmitted by dietary prion exposure, has given kuru a new global relevance. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
  • The human's segment is classified into Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), others. (medgadget.com)
  • Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders that include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease, fatal familial insomnia, kuru, and variant CJD (vCJD) in humans and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle and scrapie in sheep ( 1 , 2 ). (pnas.org)
  • In contrast, variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) is an acquired disorder that is most likely caused by the consumption of meat or meat products contaminated with the bovine spongiform encephalopathy agent. (thefreelibrary.com)
Humans11
  • [ 1 ] Included are Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker (GSS) in humans, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, or "mad cow disease") in cattle, chronic wasting disease (CWD) in mule deer and elk, and scrapie in sheep. (medscape.com)
  • a spongiform encephalopathy (prion disease) in deer or elk that is closely related to mad cow disease, scrapie in sheep, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans. (mad-cow.org)
  • In humans, TSEs are represented by Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome, Fatal Familial Insomnia and Kuru. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • Included in this group are Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease, Gerstmann-Strüssler-Scheinker syndrome, kuru, and fatal familial insomnia in humans, mad cow disease (bovine spongiform encephalopathy), and scrapie in sheep and goats. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • One such pathogen which exploits this pathway is the prion, the infectious particle responsible for the transmissible neurodegenerative diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) of humans or bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) of cattle. (frontiersin.org)
  • Prions are the infectious particles that are responsible for transmissible neurodegenerative diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) of humans or bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) of cattle. (frontiersin.org)
  • Included are Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Fatal Familial Insomnia and Kuru in humans plus Scrapie in sheep. (answers.com)
  • BSE belongs to a family of diseases known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) that includes scrapie in sheep and goats, chronic wasting disease in deer, elk and moose, and in humans, classic and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) among other syndromes. (usda.gov)
  • Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is the most prevalent manifestation of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies or prion diseases affecting humans. (edu.au)
  • So far, we are following the script from 1996, when Britain issued a warning about a rise in a variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, a brain-wasting syndrome in humans that resembles mad cow disease. (seattlepi.com)
  • Few people at the time questioned the assertion that there was a link between eating meat and Creutzfeldt-Jakob in humans. (seattlepi.com)
Kuru9
  • Scientists had know for years that Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and kuru could be induced by injecting extracts of diseased brains into the brains of healthy animals. (encyclopedia.com)
  • TSEs include kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease , Gerstmann-Str ä ussler-Scheinker syndrome, and fatal familial insomnia. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Human slow virus encephalopathies include Kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, & Gerstmann- Straussler syndrome. (sciencephoto.com)
  • Infectious forms of the disease result from ingestion of infected tissue or the introduction of infected tissue into the body ( kuru and some forms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease ). (thefreedictionary.com)
  • The principal clinical features of kuru in the studied patients showed the same progressive cerebellar syndrome that had been previously described. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
  • The human prion diseases have been traditionally classified into Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler syndrome, fatal familial insomnia and kuru. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
  • Publications] Doh-ura K: 'Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease patients with Congophilic kuru plaques have the missense variant protein common to Gerstmann-Straussler syndrome. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Other well known prion diseases are Kuru, which is a disease found among New Guinea natives, Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease and the variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, which is believed to be caused by the ingestion of products tainted with BSE. (kenyon.edu)
  • Here, we directly compare the transmission properties of kuru prions with sporadic, iatrogenic, and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) prions in Prnp -null transgenic mice expressing human prion protein and in wild-type mice. (pnas.org)
Prion Diseases6
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Foundation, Inc. Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and other Prion Diseases. (verywell.com)
  • Familial cases of other prion diseases are known as Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS) and fatal familial insomnia (FFI). (news-medical.net)
  • Genetic prion diseases constitute a continuum of clinical and pathologic manifestations broadly segregated into three principal phenotypes designated as familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (fCJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker (GSS) syndrome, and familial fatal insomnia (FFI). (nature.com)
  • He described his interest in the topic as stemming from an encounter with a patient of his that succumbed to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (a prion diseases) in a mere two months. (123helpme.com)
  • Prion diseases comprise Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome, fatal familial insomnia and related disorders. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aside from patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other prion diseases, referrals are welcome of healthy but at-risk individuals from families with inherited prion disease. (wikipedia.org)
Variant of Creutzfeldt Jakob d1
  • In the next segment, Dr. Ryan Overman is reading our e-Pearl of the week about the Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease. (aan.com)
Bovine Spongiform Enc3
  • For related information, see Medscape Reference article Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy . (medscape.com)
  • Examples include severe acute respiratory syndrome, bovine spongiform encephalopathy and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, highly pathogenic avian influenza, and haemorrhagic fevers such as Rift Valley fever. (who.int)
  • First, there is no direct evidence that Creutzfeldt-Jakob comes from the ingestion of contaminated beef, or that the syndrome deserves its reputation as the "human form" of bovine spongiform encephalopathy. (seattlepi.com)
Prions2
  • So-called 'mad cow disease' is just one example of the syndromes that can be caused by prions. (creation.com)
  • or prions (Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease). (encyclopedia.com)
Suggested diagnosis1
  • Alpers' syndrome was confirmed in two, although this was the suggested diagnosis in 11 children at the time of initial notification. (bmj.com)
Gerstmann-Straussl1
  • Publications] Tateishi J: 'Immunochemical,Molecular genetic,and transmission studies on a case of Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome. (nii.ac.jp)
Alzheimer's4
  • Am J Med 56:545-553, 1974 CornParison of Survival Tim& of Mice Inoculated with Brain Tissue from Various Neurological Diseases Leighton W. Greenham, PhD, and David B. Peacock, MB, ChB ~ ~ Mice inoculated intracerebrally before the age of 5 days with homogenates of autopsied brain tissue from patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob (C-J), Alzheimer's, or Picks diseases showed highly significant decreases in life span when compared with sham-inoculated control mice. (docme.ru)
  • parkinsonism that accompanies other neurological conditions - such as Shy-Drager syndrome (multiple system atrophy), progressive supranuclear palsy, Wilson's disease, Huntington's disease, Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, olivopontocerebellar atrophy, post-traumatic encephalopathy, and dementia with Lewy bodies. (rochester.edu)
  • Dementia is not an actual condition: it is an umbrella term for a series of symptoms which occur as a result of brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Korsakoff's syndrome, vascular dementia and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). (medic8.com)
  • Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), also called Benson's syndrome, is a rare form of dementia which is considered a visual variant or an atypical variant of Alzheimer's disease (AD). (wikipedia.org)
Degenerative brain disorder1
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, degenerative brain disorder . (medlineplus.gov)
Familial1
  • Studies on polymorphism of the prion protein gene in familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (nii.ac.jp)
Diseases2
  • The original statement was "Electrodes must be disinfected with appropriate procedures and transmission-based precautions taken after recording from patients with contagious diseases (e.g., viral hepatitis, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) (Scott 2013). (lww.com)
  • Additional transmission-based precautions are needed after recording from patients with contagious diseases (e.g., viral hepatitis, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) (Scott 2013). (lww.com)
Cases of iatrogenic1
  • The causes and geographic distribution of 267 cases of iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) are here updated at the millennium. (nih.gov)
Neurological3
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a fatal neurological disease caused by pathological isoform of the human prion protein. (scielo.org.pe)
  • Ataxia is a neurological syndrome characterised by clumsy and unco-ordinated movement of the limbs, trunk, and cranial muscles. (bmj.com)
  • The Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) neurological status scale: a new tool for evaluation of disease severity and progression. (semanticscholar.org)
Iatrogenic1
  • We previously reported a phenotype of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), CJD-MMiK, that could help identify iatrogenic CJD. (cdc.gov)
Sporadic form2
  • All the cases belonged to the sporadic form of Jakob Creutzfeldt disease. (elsevier.com)
  • The most common human prion disease is the sporadic form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), which occurs worldwide with a relatively uniform incidence of 1-2 cases per million population per year, a peak incidence in the 7th decade of life, and a median duration of illness of 4 months. (thefreelibrary.com)
SCJD1
  • The purpose of this clinical trial is to determine the effectiveness of the medication quinacrine on survival in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). (clinicaltrials.gov)
Subtypes2
  • 14-3-3 CSF levels in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease differ across molecular subtypes. (uzh.ch)
  • Quantification of surviving cerebellar granule neurones and abnormal prion protein (PrPSc) deposition in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease supports a pathogenic role for small PrPSc deposits common to the various molecular subtypes. (semanticscholar.org)
Atypical1
  • Parkinson's Syndrome, Atypical Parkinson's, or Parkinsonism. (rochester.edu)
19741
  • Tarnowska Dziduszko, E & Majtényi, K 1974, ' UBER DIE MORPHOLOGISCHEN VERANDERUNGEN DES KLEINHIRNS BEI DER JAKOB CREUTZFELDTSCHEN KRANKHEIT ', Neuropatologia Polska , vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 285-290. (elsevier.com)
Cerebral1
  • Publications] Kitamoto T: 'Cerebral amyloid in mice with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is influenced by the strain of the infections agent. (nii.ac.jp)
Mutation2
  • Novel PRNP mutation in a patient with a slow progressive dementia syndrome. (uzh.ch)
  • At first, we reported that codon 102 or codon 117 point mutation was linked to Gerstmann-Straussler syndrome. (nii.ac.jp)
Disease Foundation2
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Foundation, Inc. CJD Fact Sheet. (verywell.com)
  • The Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Foundation consists of members who are concerned about the complexity of issues surrounding this fatal brain disease. (diseaseinfosearch.org)
Encephalopathy1
  • 2- 4 Second, it is reported that a spongiform encephalopathy was produced in hamsters following the inoculation of brain tissue from a young child with Alpers' syndrome. (bmj.com)
Magnetic resonance3
  • To describe the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging appearance of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). (nih.gov)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease. (biomedsearch.com)
  • We report a biopsy-diagnosed patient with Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease showing on magnetic resonance images bilateral increased signal intensity in the basal ganglia on long repetition time images. (biomedsearch.com)
Clinical4
  • Finding the right clinical trial for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease can be challenging. (diseaseinfosearch.org)
  • MRI and clinical syndrome in dura materrelated Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (uzh.ch)
  • Updated clinical diagnostic criteria for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (uzh.ch)
  • Some cases with rapid onset dementia mimicking Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) disease both from a clinical and EEG point of view have also been described [ 5 , 6 ]. (omicsonline.org)
Symptoms5
  • It is a syndrome (group of symptoms) associated with a progressive loss of memory and other intellectual functions that is serious enough to interfere with performing the tasks of daily life. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Doctors suspect stiff-person syndrome based on symptoms but use electromyography and blood tests to help confirm the diagnosis. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Stiff-person syndrome (formerly called stiff-man syndrome) affects mainly the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system), but it causes symptoms similar to those of neuromuscular junction disorders (disorders that affect the connection between nerves and muscles). (merckmanuals.com)
  • The diagnosis of stiff-person syndrome is suggested by symptoms. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Treatment of stiff-person syndrome focuses on relieving symptoms. (merckmanuals.com)
Autoimmune3
  • Stiff-person syndrome often occurs in people with type 1 diabetes, certain autoimmune disorders, or certain kinds of cancer. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Stiff-person syndrome is more common among women and often occurs in people with type 1 diabetes, certain autoimmune disorders (such as thyroiditis ), or certain kinds of cancer, including breast cancer (most commonly), lung cancer, kidney cancer, thyroid cancer, colon cancer, and Hodgkin lymphoma . (merckmanuals.com)
  • The cause of stiff-person syndrome may be an autoimmune reaction -when the body produces antibodies that attack its own tissues. (merckmanuals.com)
Cerebellum1
  • The assumption is justified that in Jakob Creutzfeldt disease the pathologic process in the cerebellum takes place mainly in the Purkinje cell layer and Bergmann's glia layer, presumably at the same time, and that it is based on a disturbance of the glioneural unit in the sense of Seitelberger's glioneural dystrophy. (elsevier.com)
Huntington's1
  • Hence, SCA17 is also classified as a Huntington's disease like syndrome. (springer.com)
Antibodies3
  • In stiff-person syndrome, these antibodies attack nerve cells in the spinal cord that control muscle movement. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Most people with stiff-person syndrome have antibodies that attack an enzyme called glutamic acid decarboxylase. (merckmanuals.com)
  • They include electromyography and blood tests to detect the antibodies that are present in many people with stiff-person syndrome. (merckmanuals.com)
Human7
  • The terms "Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease" returned 605 free, full-text research articles on human participants. (diseaseinfosearch.org)
  • Early-onset AD is also associated with Down syndrome, in that persons with trisomy 21 (three forms of human chromosome 21 instead of a pair) often develop early-onset AD. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The research published in the Lancet medical journal suggests that mad cow disease and its deadly human variant, Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome, can be traced to animal feed exported from India to Britain. (abc.net.au)
  • Looking for better explanations, Professor Colchester turned to India, where he says poor bone collectors who scour river areas for animal remains to sell to animal feed exporters, would inevitably collect human remains also - some infected with Creutzfeld-Jakob disease, or CJD. (abc.net.au)
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a human prion disease, extremely rare yet always fatal. (news-medical.net)
  • Meat products contaminated with Mad Cow have been linked to more than 150 human deaths worldwide, mostly in Britain, from a brain-wasting syndrome known as Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. (radioiowa.com)
  • However, BSE is also heavily linked to the human condition of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome, therefore again making the wider issue of BSE something that straddles several areas within the health, medical and life sciences. (ariadne.ac.uk)
Deficiency1
  • Jaffe HW, Bregrnan DJ, Selik RM: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome in the United States: the first 1000 cases. (docme.ru)
Lesion2
  • MRI lesion profiles in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (uzh.ch)
  • Isolated cortical signal increase on MR imaging as a frequent lesion pattern in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (uzh.ch)
Degeneration1
  • Alpers' syndrome (also known as Alpers' disease or progressive neuronal degeneration of childhood) usually starts in children under two years (see table 1). (bmj.com)
Browsing Publications by Subject Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome
Browsing Publications by Subject "Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome" (extranet.who.int)
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease | CJD | MedlinePlus
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease | CJD | MedlinePlus (medlineplus.gov)
Search of: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease | 'Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease' - List Results - ClinicalTrials.gov
Search of: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease | 'Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease' - List Results - ClinicalTrials.gov (clinicaltrials.gov)
Elham Rezvanian, MD | Renton, WA
Elham Rezvanian, MD | Renton, WA (swedish.org)
Prion-Related Diseases: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
Prion-Related Diseases: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology (emedicine.medscape.com)
Dr. Alireza Atri MD Reviews | San Francisco, CA | Vitals.com
Dr. Alireza Atri MD Reviews | San Francisco, CA | Vitals.com (vitals.com)
PRNP gene: MedlinePlus Genetics
PRNP gene: MedlinePlus Genetics (medlineplus.gov)
Grace Kimbaris | Faculty | About Us | Perelman School of Medicine | Perelman School of Medicine at the University of...
Grace Kimbaris | Faculty | About Us | Perelman School of Medicine | Perelman School of Medicine at the University of... (med.upenn.edu)
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Image
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Image (medlineplus.gov)
Assessment of ataxia - Differential diagnosis of symptoms | BMJ Best Practice
Assessment of ataxia - Differential diagnosis of symptoms | BMJ Best Practice (bestpractice.bmj.com)
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Aluminum in Neurological and Neurodegenerative Disease | SpringerLink
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Aluminum in Neurological and Neurodegenerative Disease | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Meissner, B<...
Meissner, B<... (zora.uzh.ch)
Mad deer, mad elk problem spreading
Mad deer, mad elk problem spreading (mad-cow.org)
Lithium in the Normal Therapeutic Range: A Potential Sneaky Danger for the Brain. A Case of Slow Tricking Neurotoxicity and a...
Lithium in the Normal Therapeutic Range: A Potential Sneaky Danger for the Brain. A Case of Slow Tricking Neurotoxicity and a... (omicsonline.org)
Prion disease: MedlinePlus Genetics
Prion disease: MedlinePlus Genetics (medlineplus.gov)
Proton MR spectroscopy of the brain at 3 T: an update | SpringerLink
Proton MR spectroscopy of the brain at 3 T: an update | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
A clinical study of kuru patients with long incubation periods at the end of the epidemic in Papua New Guinea | Philosophical...
A clinical study of kuru patients with long incubation periods at the end of the epidemic in Papua New Guinea | Philosophical... (rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org)
Global Spongiform Encephalopathy Malformation Market 2018 Analysis By Size, Share | Spongiform Encephalopathy Malformation;...
Global Spongiform Encephalopathy Malformation Market 2018 Analysis By Size, Share | Spongiform Encephalopathy Malformation;... (medgadget.com)
Disease Regulations Update - Clinicians
Disease Regulations Update - Clinicians (vdh.virginia.gov)
Spongiform Encephalopathy Market 2018 Scope | 6.1% of CAGR to Be Observed in the Spongiform Encephalopathy Market by the End...
"Spongiform Encephalopathy Market" 2018 Scope | 6.1% of CAGR to Be Observed in the Spongiform Encephalopathy Market by the End... (medgadget.com)
Occurrence and Transmission | Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Classic (CJD) | Prion Disease | CDC
Occurrence and Transmission | Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Classic (CJD) | Prion Disease | CDC (cdc.gov)
Virology Lecture | T Cell | T Helper Cell
Virology Lecture | T Cell | T Helper Cell (scribd.com)
SAMPLE Registry, Serial Alzheimer's disease and MCI Prospective Longitudinal Evaluation | Clinical Research Trial Listing (...
SAMPLE Registry, Serial Alzheimer's disease and MCI Prospective Longitudinal Evaluation | Clinical Research Trial Listing (... (centerwatch.com)
NEUROLOGY MEETS THEATER AND GETS IT RIGHT! : Neurology Today
NEUROLOGY MEETS THEATER AND GETS IT RIGHT! : Neurology Today (journals.lww.com)