Cranial nerve injuries. Medical search

Dysfunction of one or more cranial nerves causally related to a traumatic injury. Penetrating and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; NECK INJURIES; and trauma to the facial region are conditions associated with cranial nerve injuries.

Traumatic injuries to the HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE.

Traumatic injuries to the LARYNGEAL NERVE.

Twelve pairs of nerves that carry general afferent, visceral afferent, special afferent, somatic efferent, and autonomic efferent fibers.

Disorders of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves. With the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves, this includes disorders of the brain stem nuclei from which the cranial nerves originate or terminate.

The excision of the thickened, atheromatous tunica intima of a carotid artery.

Injuries to the PERIPHERAL NERVES.

Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Ulcerations may form in atherosclerotic plaques and induce THROMBUS formation. Platelet or cholesterol emboli may arise from stenotic carotid lesions and induce a TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; or temporary blindness (AMAUROSIS FUGAX). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp 822-3)

Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from one or more of the twelve cranial nerves.

A nerve which originates in the lumbar and sacral spinal cord (L4 to S3) and supplies motor and sensory innervation to the lower extremity. The sciatic nerve, which is the main continuation of the sacral plexus, is the largest nerve in the body. It has two major branches, the TIBIAL NERVE and the PERONEAL NERVE.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Traumatic injuries to the facial nerve. This may result in FACIAL PARALYSIS, decreased lacrimation and salivation, and loss of taste sensation in the anterior tongue. The nerve may regenerate and reform its original pattern of innervation, or regenerate aberrantly, resulting in inappropriate lacrimation in response to gustatory stimuli (e.g., "crocodile tears") and other syndromes.

Injuries to the optic nerve induced by a trauma to the face or head. These may occur with closed or penetrating injuries. Relatively minor compression of the superior aspect of orbit may also result in trauma to the optic nerve. Clinical manifestations may include visual loss, PAPILLEDEMA, and an afferent pupillary defect.

The 7th cranial nerve. The facial nerve has two parts, the larger motor root which may be called the facial nerve proper, and the smaller intermediate or sensory root. Together they provide efferent innervation to the muscles of facial expression and to the lacrimal and SALIVARY GLANDS, and convey afferent information for TASTE from the anterior two-thirds of the TONGUE and for TOUCH from the EXTERNAL EAR.

Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity.

The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves. Peripheral nerves contain non-neuronal cells and connective tissue as well as axons. The connective tissue layers include, from the outside to the inside, the epineurium, the perineurium, and the endoneurium.

Diseases of the sixth cranial (abducens) nerve or its nucleus in the pons. The nerve may be injured along its course in the pons, intracranially as it travels along the base of the brain, in the cavernous sinus, or at the level of superior orbital fissure or orbit. Dysfunction of the nerve causes lateral rectus muscle weakness, resulting in horizontal diplopia that is maximal when the affected eye is abducted and ESOTROPIA. Common conditions associated with nerve injury include INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ISCHEMIA; and INFRATENTORIAL NEOPLASMS.

The 31 paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment. The spinal nerve plexuses and the spinal roots are also included.

Treatment of muscles and nerves under pressure as a result of crush injuries.

Renewal or physiological repair of damaged nerve tissue.

A voluntary organization concerned with the prevention and treatment of heart and vascular diseases.

The first branch of the SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY with distribution to muscles of the NECK; VERTEBRAE; SPINAL CORD; CEREBELLUM; and interior of the CEREBRUM.

To be used for articles pertaining to medical activities carried out by personnel in institutions which are administered by a religious organization.

Directions or principles presenting current or future rules of policy for assisting health care practitioners in patient care decisions regarding diagnosis, therapy, or related clinical circumstances. The guidelines may be developed by government agencies at any level, institutions, professional societies, governing boards, or by the convening of expert panels. The guidelines form a basis for the evaluation of all aspects of health care and delivery.

Private hospitals that are owned or sponsored by religious organizations.

Avulsion fracture of the anterior half of the foramen magnum involving the bilateral occipital condyles and the inferior clivus--case report. (1/45)

A 38-year-old male presented with an avulsion fracture of the anterior half of the foramen magnum due to a traffic accident. He had palsy of the bilateral VI, left IX, and left X cranial nerves, weakness of his left upper extremity, and crossed sensory loss. He was treated conservatively and placed in a halo brace for 16 weeks. After immobilization, swallowing, hoarseness, and left upper extremity weakness improved. Hyperextension with a rotatory component probably resulted in strain in the tectorial membrane and alar ligaments, resulting in avulsion fracture at the sites of attachment, the bilateral occipital condyles and the inferior portion of the clivus. Conservative treatment is probably optimum even for this unusual and severe type of occipital condyle fracture. (+info)

Extracranial carotid artery aneurysms: Texas Heart Institute experience. (2/45)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Aneurysms of the extracranial carotid artery (ECA) are rare. Large single-institution series are seldom reported and usually are not aneurysm type-specific. Thus, information about immediate and long-term results of surgical therapy is sparse. This review was conducted to elucidate etiology, presentation, and treatment for ECA aneurysms. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the case records of the Texas Heart Institute/St Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, and found 67 cases of ECA aneurysms treated surgically (the largest series to date) between 1960 and 1995: 38 pseudoaneurysms after previous carotid surgery and 29 atherosclerotic or traumatic aneurysms. All aneurysms were surgically explored, and all were repaired except two: a traumatic distal internal carotid artery aneurysm and an infected pseudoaneurysm in which the carotid artery was ligated. RESULTS: Four deaths (three fatal strokes and one myocardial infarction) and two nonfatal strokes were directly attributed to a repaired ECA aneurysm (overall mortality/major stroke incidence, 9%); there was one minor stroke (incidence, 1.5%). The incidence of cranial nerve injury was 6% (four cases). During long-term follow-up (1.5 months-30 years; mean, 5.9 years), 19 patients died, mainly of cardiac causes (11 myocardial infarctions). CONCLUSION: The potential risks of cerebral ischemia and rupture as well as the satisfactory long-term results achieved with surgery strongly argue in favor of surgical treatment of ECA aneurysms. (+info)

Cranial and cervical nerve injuries after repeat carotid endarterectomy. (3/45)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The incidence of cranial and/or cervical nerve injuries after primary carotid endarterectomy (CEA) ranges from 3% to 48%; however, the clinical outcome of these injuries after repeat CEA has not been thoroughly analyzed in the English-language medical literature. This prospective study analyzes the incidence and outcome of cranial nerve injuries after repeat CEA. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study includes 89 consecutive patients who had repeat CEAs. Preoperative and postoperative cranial nerve evaluations were performed, including clinical examinations (neurologic) and direct laryngoscopy. Patients with vagal or glossopharyngeal nerve injuries also underwent comprehensive speech evaluations, video stroboscopy, fluoroscopy, and methylene blue testing for aspiration. Patients with postoperative cranial nerve injuries were followed up for a long time to assess their recovery. RESULTS: Twenty-five cranial and/or cervical nerve injuries were identified in 19 patients (21%). They included 8 hypoglossal nerves (9%), 11 vagal nerves or branches (12%) (6 recurrent laryngeal nerves [7%], 3 superior laryngeal nerves [3%], and 2 complex vagal nerves [2%]), 3 marginal mandibular nerves (3%), 2 greater auricular nerves (2%), and 1 glossopharyngeal nerve (1%). Twenty-two (88%) of these injuries were transient with a complete healing time ranging from 2 weeks to 28 months (18 of 22 injuries healed within 12 months). The remaining three injuries (12%) were permanent (1 recurrent laryngeal nerve, 1 glossopharyngeal nerve, and 1 complex vagal nerve injury). The recurrent laryngeal nerve injury had a longer healing time than the other cranial nerve injuries. CONCLUSIONS: Repeat CEA is associated with a high incidence of cranial and/or cervical nerve injuries, most of which are transient. However, some of these have a long healing time, and a few can be permanent with significant disability. (+info)

Neurological abnormalities associated with CDMA exposure. (4/45)

Dysaesthesiae of the scalp and neurological abnormality after mobile phone use have been reported previously, but the roles of the phone per se or the radiations in causing these findings have been questioned. We report finding a neurological abnormality in a patient after accidental exposure of the left side of the face to mobile phone radiation [code division multiple access (CDMA)] from a down-powered mobile phone base station antenna. He had headaches, unilateral left blurred vision and pupil constriction, unilateral altered sensation on the forehead, and abnormalities of current perception thresholds on testing the left trigeminal ophthalmic nerve. His nerve function recovered during 6 months follow-up. His exposure was 0.015-0.06 mW/cm(2) over 1-2 h. The implications regarding health effects of radiofrequency radiation are discussed. (+info)

Redo carotid endarterectomy versus primary carotid endarterectomy. (5/45)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Several authorities have recently advocated carotid stenting for recurrent carotid stenosis because of the perception that redo surgery has a higher complication rate than primary carotid endarterectomy (CEA). This study compares the early and late results of reoperations versus primary CEA. METHODS: All reoperations for recurrent carotid stenosis performed during a recent 7-year period by a single vascular surgeon were compared with primary CEA. Because all redo CEAs were done with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or vein patch closure, we only analyzed those primary CEAs that used the same patch closures. A Kaplan-Meier life-table analysis was used to estimate stroke-free survival rates and freedom from >/=50% recurrent stenosis. RESULTS: Of 547 primary CEAs, 265 had PTFE or saphenous vein patch closure, and 124 reoperations had PTFE or vein patch closure during the same period. Both groups had similar demographic characteristics. The indications for reoperation and primary CEA were symptomatic stenosis in 78% and 58% of cases and asymptomatic >/=80% stenosis in 22% and 42% of cases, respectively (P<0.001). The 30-day perioperative stroke and transient ischemic attack rates for reoperation and primary CEA were 4.8% versus 0.8% (P=0.015) and 4% versus 1.1%, respectively, with no perioperative deaths in either group. Cranial nerve injury was noted in 17% of reoperation patients versus 5.3% of primary CEA patients; however, most of these injuries were transient (P<0.001). Mean hospital stay was 1.8 days for reoperation versus 1.6 days for primary CEA. Cumulative rates of stroke-free survival and freedom from >/=50% recurrent stenosis for reoperation and primary CEA at 1, 3, and 5 years were 96%, 91%, and 82% and 98%, 96%, and 95% versus 94%, 92%, and 91% and 98%, 96%, and 96%, respectively (no significant differences). CONCLUSIONS: Reoperation carries higher perioperative stroke and cranial nerve injury rates than primary CEA. However, reoperations are durable and have stroke-free survival rates that are similar to primary CEA. These considerations should be kept in mind when carotid stenting is recommended instead of reoperation. (+info)

Long-term outcome after severe head injury. (6/45)

From a consecutive series of 7000 patients with head injuries admitted to the regional accident service, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford between 10 and 24 years earlier, every patient was taken who had been amnesic or unconscious for one week or longer. Of these 479 patients, all but ten were traced, and either the cause of death was established or the survivors examined. Ten years after injury 4% were totally disabled, and 14% severely disabled to a degree precluding normal occupational or social life. Of the remainder, 49% had recovered, and the rest were dead. Additionally, a selected series of 64 patients whose unconsciousness had been prolonged for a month or more were studied. Forty of these had survived between three and 25 years after injury and were re-examined. On the basis of age at injury, the worst state of neurological responsiveness, and the duration of posttraumatic amnesia, the outcome of head injury can be predicted reliably in most cases. Patients and relatives need more reassurance and simple psychotherapeutic support, especially in the first few months after injury. Extrapolation from our figures suggests that each year in England and Wales 210 patients survive totally disabled and another 1500 are severely disabled. (+info)

Tapia's syndrome following shoulder surgery. (7/45)

Multiple cranial palsy occurred after shoulder surgery in the sitting position. Compression by the tracheal tube, caused by displacement of the head, may have caused the injury. (+info)

Perceptual and instrumental evaluation of voice and tongue function after carotid endarterectomy. (8/45)

OBJECTIVE: Laryngeal and tongue function was assessed in 28 patients to evaluate the presence, nature, and resolution of superior recurrent laryngeal and hypoglossal nerve damage resulting from standard open primary carotid endarterectomy (CEA). METHODS: The laryngeal and tongue function in 28 patients who underwent CEA were examined prospectively with various physiologic (Aerophone II, laryngograph, tongue transducer), acoustic (Multi-Dimensional Voice Program), and perceptual speech assessments. Measures were obtained from all participants preoperatively, and at 2 weeks and at 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS: The perceptual speech assessment indicated that the vocal quality of "roughness" was significantly more apparent at the 2-week postoperative assessment than preoperatively. However, by the 3-month postoperative assessment these values had returned to near preoperative levels, with no significant difference detected between preoperative and 3-month postoperative levels or between 2-week and 3-month postoperative levels. Both the instrumental assessments of laryngeal function and the acoustic assessment of vocal quality failed to identify any significant difference on any measure across the three assessment periods. Similarly, no significant impairment in tongue strength, endurance, or rate of repetitive tongue movements was detected at instrumental assessment of tongue function. CONCLUSIONS: No permanent changes to vocal or tongue function occurred in this group of participants after primary CEA. The lack of any significant long-term laryngeal or tongue dysfunction in this group suggests that the standard open CEA procedure is not associated with high rates of superior recurrent and hypoglossal nerve dysfunction, as previously believed. (+info)

"Clinical Relevance of Cranial Nerve Injury following Carotid Endarterectomy." European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular ... "Clinical relevance of cranial nerve injury following carotid endarterectomy". Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 47 (1): 2-7. doi: ... 2012). "The dangers of being a "weekend warrior": A new call for injury prevention efforts". The Journal of Trauma and Acute ... April 2007). "The midterm results of stent graft treatment of thoracic aortic injuries". J. Surg. Res. 138 (2): 181-8. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgical_Outcomes_Analysis_and_Research

Bilateral optic pseudoneuritis and unilateral medullated nerve fibers in cranial injury by blunt force. Med Rec New York 1913; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Talmey

... and cranial nerve injury are also risks at the time of surgery. Following surgery, a rare early complication is cerebral ... Contralateral laryngeal nerve injury Tracheostoma Carotid artery stenting is an alternative to carotid endarterectomy in cases ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotid_endarterectomy

Due to the proximity of the cranial nerves, injury to those nerves may occur. This can cause loss of function of the facial ... Surgery may be performed to seal a CSF leak that does not stop, to relieve pressure on a cranial nerve or repair injury to a ... Other complications include injuries to the cranial nerves or blood vessels. A basilar skull fracture typically requires a ... nerve or oculomotor nerve, or hearing loss due to damage of cranial nerve VIII. Evidence does not support the use of preventive ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilar_skull_fracture

Injury to cranial nerve XI will cause weakness in abducting the shoulder above 90 degrees. When the scapulae are stable, a co- ... Wiater JM, Bigliani LU (1999). "Spinal accessory nerve injury". Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research. 368 (1): 5-16. doi: ... Trapezius palsy, due to damage of the spinal accessory nerve, is characterized by difficulty with arm adduction and abduction, ... Motor function is supplied by the accessory nerve. Sensation, including pain and the sense of joint position (proprioception), ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trapezius

... cranial nerve injury typically presents as a visual acuity loss 1-14 years post treatment. In the PNS, injury to the plexus ... Nerve damage from ionizing radiation occurs in phases, the initial phase from microvascular injury, capillary damage and nerve ... Radiation-induced polyneuropathy Radiation treatments may damage nerves near the target area or within the delivery path as ... Subsequent damage occurs from vascular constriction and nerve compression due to uncontrolled fibrous tissue growth caused by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_therapy

... and cranial nerve injuries. Caput Succeedaneum is seen as edema in the scalp due to squeezing of the veins from increase ... It is also crucial to distinguish between "birth trauma" and "birth injury". Birth injuries encompass any systemic damages ... Birth injury occupies a unique area of concern and study in the medical canon. In ICD-10 "birth trauma" occupied 49 individual ... In the West injury occurs in 1.1% of C-sections. Cephalo-pelvic disproportion, the quick and rapid delivery, delayed and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birth_trauma_(physical)

Blood Supply of the Cranial Nerves". Nerves and Nerve Injuries. Vol. 1: History, Embryology, Anatomy, Imaging, and Diagnostics ... the scalenus anterior muscle and the phrenic nerve. The inferior thyroid artery runs superiorly from the thyrocervical trunk to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyrocervical_trunk

In fatalities related to cranial or neural injury, nerve damage in the brain may inhibit the ability to release a weapon from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadaveric_spasm

... palsy is identified through loss of lateral gaze after application of the orthosis and is the most common cranial nerve injury ... Sixth nerve palsy, or abducens nerve palsy, is a disorder associated with dysfunction of cranial nerve VI (the abducens nerve ... fibers of the seventh cranial nerve wrap around the VIth nerve nucleus, and, if this is also affected, a VIth nerve palsy with ... "Cranial Mononeuropathy VI". Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia. Sowka JW, Gurwood AS, Kabat AG (2000-2001). "Cranial Nerve VI ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixth_nerve_palsy

... cranial nerve dysfunction, and traumatic brain injuries. The original medical report stated that neuropathologist Dr. Lucy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellen_Rae_Greenberg

Fourth cranial nerve palsy or trochlear nerve palsy, is a condition affecting cranial nerve 4 (IV), the trochlear nerve, which ... it is particularly vulnerable to traumatic injury. To compensate for the double-vision resulting from the weakness of the ... Because the trochlear nerve is the thinnest and has the longest intracranial course of the cranial nerves, ... When present at birth, it is known as congenital fourth nerve palsy. Harada-Ito procedure "Fourth Nerve Palsy". www.aao.org. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_nerve_palsy

Examples of conditions giving rise to an esotropia might include a VIth cranial nerve (or Abducens) palsy, Duane's syndrome or ... orbital injury. Someone with esotropia will squint with either the right or the left eye but never with both eyes ... and may also result from conditions affecting the nerve or blood supply to these muscles or the bony orbital structures ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esotropia

... and injuries of cranial nerves II-VII. Mariak has explored the revival of psychosurgery, commenting that deep brain stimulation ... Detachment after injuries and in aphakic eyes". Klinika Oczna. 87 (10): 404-405. PMID 3831555 - via ppm.umb.edu.pl. Stankiewicz ... "Internal ophthalmoplegia as a direct consequence of head injury. Report on 2 cases". Klinika Oczna. 94 (5-6): 163-164. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenon_Mariak

Injuries to the base of the skull can damage nerves that emerge directly from the brain (cranial nerves). Cranial nerve damage ... "Traumatic brain injury Complications - Mayo Clinic". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2017-01-31. "Brain Injury: Complications and ... Different behavioral problems are characteristic of the location of injury; for instance, frontal lobe injuries often result in ... Most of these injuries develop within a few weeks of the initial trauma and result from skull fractures or penetrating injuries ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complications_of_traumatic_brain_injury

It has been postulated that the synkinesis is due to damage to cranial nerve nuclei, caused by peripheral nerve injury and the ... There are also several abnormal cranial nerve synkineses, both acquired and congenital. Marcus Gunn jaw-winking is an example ... The stimulation of the trigeminal nerve by contraction of the pterygoid muscles of jaw results in the excitation of the branch ... of the oculomotor nerve that innervates the levator palpebrae superioris ipsilaterally (on the same side of the face), so the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Gunn_phenomenon

Iatrogenic injury is also known to occur, with the abducens nerve being the most commonly injured cranial nerve in halo ... The abducens nerve or abducent nerve, also known as the sixth cranial nerve, cranial nerve VI, or simply CN VI, is a cranial ... of people with tuberculosis have some resulting cranial nerve deficit. The sixth nerve is the most commonly affected cranial ... Cranial Nerves: Anatomy and Clinical Comments. Decker, 1998. Books Susan Standring; Neil R. Borley; et al., eds. (2008). Gray's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abducens_nerve

Recovery rate also depends on the cause of the facial nerve palsy (e.g. infections, perinatal injury, congenital dysplastic). ... The facial nerve is the seventh of 12 cranial nerves. This cranial nerve controls the muscles in the face. Facial nerve palsy ... Eyes Oculomotor nerve palsy - Oculomotor nerve (III) Fourth nerve palsy - Trochlear nerve (IV) Sixth nerve palsy - Abducens ... Cranial nerve disease is an impaired functioning of one of the twelve cranial nerves. Although it could theoretically be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerve_disease

Among these, cranial nerve deficits are the most characteristic due to the proximity of the injury to the jugular foramen and ... Surgery may become necessary if there is significant compression of the brainstem, spinal cord, the lower cranial nerves or ... This injury tends to be unstable and may co-occur with atlanto-occipital subluxation or dislocation. Neurological injury may ... and possibly lower cranial nerve (IX, X, XI, XII) deficits, tetraparesis or abnormal breathing. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occipital_condyles

Pathological descriptions of BVVL include injury and depletion of 3rd-7th cranial nerves, loss of the spinal anterior horn ... including those of the motor components involving the 7th and 9th-12th cranial nerves, spinal motor nerves, and upper motor ... Nathalie syndrome does not involve lower cranial nerve symptoms, so it can be excluded if those are present. If there is ... BVVL is marked by a number of cranial nerve palsies, ... and this time is usually marked by cranial nerve degeneration. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown–Vialetto–Van_Laere_syndrome

... cranial nerve injuries MeSH C21.866.260.237.162 - abducens nerve injury MeSH C21.866.260.237.325 - facial nerve injuries MeSH ... post-head injury MeSH C21.866.915.300.400 - cranial nerve injuries MeSH C21.866.915.300.400.100 - abducens nerve injury MeSH ... facial nerve injuries MeSH C21.866.915.300.400.650 - optic nerve injuries MeSH C21.866.915.300.450 - head injuries, closed MeSH ... optic nerve injuries MeSH C21.866.260.275 - facial injuries MeSH C21.866.260.275.250 - eye injuries MeSH C21.866.260.275. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(C21)

He was substituted off directly afterward in the 20th minute and diagnosed with a left sixth cranial nerve palsy, resulting in ... Despite the injury, however, Gattuso played the entire 90 minutes before being diagnosed by the club doctors after the match. ... In a UEFA Champions League group stage match against Ajax in September 2003, he was sent off during second-half injury time ... Despite having only recently recovered from a serious knee injury, Lippi included Gattuso in Italy's squad for the 2009 FIFA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gennaro_Gattuso

... which may impinge on the third cranial nerve, causing a fixed and dilated pupil on the side of the injury. The eye will be ... Chapter 5, "Pathology of Brain Damage After Head Injury" Cooper P and Golfinos G. 2000. Head Injury, 4th Ed. Morgan Hill, New ... About 2 percent of head injuries and 15 percent of fatal head injuries involve an epidural hematoma. The condition is more ... The trigeminal nerve may be involved late in the process as the pons is compressed, but this is not an important presentation, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidural_hematoma

In some extreme cases, this could cause temporary or permanent facial nerve injury. Furthermore, if the forceps' handler were ... Increased risk of damage to cranial nerve VI, resulting in strabismus. Increased risk of perineal lacerations, pelvic organ ... Increased risk of facial nerve injury (usually temporary). Increased risk of clavicle fracture (rare). Increased risk of ... include nerve damage, Descemet's membrane rupture, skull fractures, and cervical cord injury. Maternal factors for use of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstetrical_forceps

... injury, inflammation) Peripheral neuropathy and other Peripheral nervous system disorders Cranial nerve disorder such as ... spinal cord injury, nerve injury or gluten sensitivity (with or without intestinal damage or digestive symptoms). Metal ... Nerves tend to lie deep under the skin but can still become exposed to damage. Individual neurons, the neural circuits, and ... Neuroregeneration may occur in the peripheral nervous system and thus overcome or work around injuries to some extents, but it ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurological_disorder

... unspecified 950 Injury to optic nerve and pathways 951 Injury to other cranial nerve(s) 952 Spinal cord injury without evidence ... Injury to axillary nerve 955.1 Injury to median nerve 955.2 Injury to ulnar nerve 955.3 Injury to radial nerve 955.4 Injury to ... Injury to cervical nerve root 953.1 Injury to dorsal nerve root 953.2 Injury to lumbar nerve root 953.3 Injury to sacral nerve ... musculocutaneous nerve 955.5 Injury to cutaneous sensory nerve upper limb 955.6 Injury to digital nerve upper limb 955.7 Injury ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes_800–999:_injury_and_poisoning

... and Other Cranial Nerve Disorders Chapter 434: Diseases of the Spinal Cord Chapter 435: Concussion and Other Traumatic Brain ... Injuries Chapter 436: Multiple Sclerosis Chapter 437: Neuromyelitis Optica Section 3: Nerve and Muscle Disorders Chapter 438: ... Acute Kidney Injury Chapter 305: Chronic Kidney Disease Chapter 306: Dialysis in the Treatment of Renal Failure Chapter 307: ... Vascular Injury to the Kidney Chapter 312: Nephrolithiasis Chapter 313: Urinary Tract Obstruction Part 10: Disorders of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrison's_Principles_of_Internal_Medicine

When cranial nerves are affected, neuropathies of the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve #3 or CNIII) are most common. The ... These changes are thought to result from microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply nerves (vasa nervorum ... "What Is Microvascular Cranial Nerve Palsy?". aao.org. 1 September 2017. Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Behl T ... Damage to a specific nerve of the thoracic or lumbar spinal nerves can occur and may lead to painful syndromes that mimic a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_neuropathy

Cranial nerves Nerve Neuralgia Neuritis Neuropathy DiBonaventura, Marco D.; Sadosky, Alesia; Concialdi, Kristen; Hopps, Markay ... In chronic nerve injury, there is redistribution and alteration of subunit compositions of sodium and calcium channels ... Galen also suggested nerve tissue as the transferring route of pain to the brain through the invisible psychic pneuma. The idea ... Neuropathic pain is common in cancer as a direct result of cancer on peripheral nerves (e.g., compression by a tumor), or as a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuropathic_pain

EMG is used for cranial nerve monitoring in skull base cases and for nerve root monitoring and testing in spinal surgery. ABR ( ... and for early detection of intraoperative neural injury, allowing for immediate corrective measures. For example, during any ... Intraoperative monitoring is used to : to localize neural structures, for example to locate cranial nerves during skull base ... Since the 1970s, SSEP (somatosensory evoked potentials) have been used to monitor spinal cord function by stimulating a nerve ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraoperative_neurophysiological_monitoring

97%: Facial paralysis, as Roosevelt had, in the absence of other cranial nerve abnormalities, is not consistent with a polio ... injury to the urethra or bladder, decubitus ulcers, clots in the leg veins, and malnutrition. Eleanor's nursing care was ... since polioviruses do not attack autonomic nerves, but are common in GBS. 93%: Meningismus (neck stiffness), a characteristic ... and inpatient rehabilitation for amputees and people recovering from spinal cord injuries, brain damage, and stroke. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paralytic_illness_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt

The scalp is innervated by motor nerves and sensory nerves. The trigeminal nerve (CNV) is one of the important cranial sensory ... Due to the rich perfusion, scalp injuries can lead to serious bleeding, which may be difficult to stem if the cut blood vessels ... nerve and Supraorbital nerve Zygomaticotemporal nerve Auriculotemporal nerve Lesser occipital nerve Greater occipital nerve ... All large blood vessels and nerves of the scalp are located in this layer. The next layer is the galea Aponeurotica, which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalp_reconstruction

... thrombosis and nerve compression syndrome of cranial nerves XI and XII. One death case appeared in the scientific literature, ... stating that MS patients undergoing angioplasty and/or stenting to treat CCSVI risk serious injuries or death. Furthermore, it ... which in turn triggers autoimmunity and degeneration of the nerve's myelin sheath. While the initial article on CCSVI claimed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_cerebrospinal_venous_insufficiency_controversy

Carpal tunnel syndrome and axillary nerve palsy are examples. Direct injury to a nerve, interruption of its blood supply ... Brachial neuritis Cranial neuritis such as Bell's palsy Optic neuritis Vestibular neuritis Wartenberg's migratory sensory ... Sayad Fathi S, Zaminy A (September 2017). "Stem cell therapy for nerve injury". World Journal of Stem Cells. 9 (9): 144-151. ... Damage to peripheral nerves may impair sensation, movement, gland, or organ function depending on which nerves are affected; in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy

... damage to the inferior alveolar nerve occurs in 3.5% of mandibular distraction, tooth bud injury in 2%, and facial nerve injury ... Introduction of Multidirectional Cranial Distraction Osteogenesis". Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society. 59 (3): 233-41. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distraction_osteogenesis

"The foramen is probed with a nerve hook to ensure that the nerve is free". To decompress a longer part of the cervical canal a ... The extent of the slot should not exceed half of the vertebral body - cranial or caudal, but at the same time is providing more ... It is hard to foresee the actual outcome on spinal cord injury even with early surgery due to many important facts like animal ... Attention is paid on any deep nerve structures as the recurrent laryngeal nerve. The goal is to expose the affected disc and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventral_slot

Dizziness Loss of sensation Cranial nerve disturbance Loss of the ability to know how joints are positioned Lhermitte's sign (' ... If the condition develops after birth, it is usually the result of injury or diseases. If due to injury, about half the time it ... Symptoms vary depending on whether the spinal cord, brain stem, nerves, or blood supply is affected by the pressure.[citation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilar_invagination

... oculomotor nerve palsy, trochlear nerve palsy and internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Parinaud's syndrome results from injury, either ... Diagnosis can be made via combination of physical exam, particularly deficits of the relevant cranial nerves. Confirmation can ... origin of cranial nerve III) and Edinger-Westphal nuclei, causing dysfunction to the motor function of the eye. Classically, it ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parinaud's_syndrome

2019), who interpret these injuries as most likely caused by upper canines of another Smilodon. A felid calcaneum is described ... D. Rex Mitchell (2019). "The anatomy of a crushing bite: The specialised cranial mechanics of a giant extinct kangaroo". PLOS ... sinuses and endocranial nerves and vessels of the periptychid Carsioptychus coarctatus is published by Cameron et al. (2019). ... Anneke H. van Heteren; Mikel Arlegi; Elena Santos; Juan-Luis Arsuaga; Asier Gómez-Olivencia (2019). "Cranial and mandibular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_in_paleomammalogy

... injury, or infection such as chalazion, episcleritis, keratoconus, or optic nerve hypoplasia Hydrophthalmos, or congenital ... where photophobia can sometimes precede the clinical diagnosis by years Subarachnoid haemorrhage Tumor of the posterior cranial ... Overstimulation of the photoreceptors in the retina Excessive electric impulses to the optic nerve Excessive response in the ... seen with damage to the oculomotor nerve). Due to albinism, the lack of pigment in the colored part of the eyes (irises) makes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photophobia

Bilateral 6th cranial nerve palsies may occur, causing abnormalities related to eye movement, but this is rare. 40% of people ... The three major mechanisms for such an imbalance are enumerated in Virchow's triad: alterations in normal blood flow, injury to ... optic nerve sheath fenestration or shunting). Venous stenting is emerging as a minimally invasive, safer alternative to ... nose and throat area such as mastoiditis and sinusitis Direct injury to the venous sinuses Medical procedures in the head and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_venous_sinus_thrombosis

In blunt trauma, the facial nerve is the most commonly injured cranial nerve. Physical trauma, especially fractures of the ... In patients with severe injury, progress is followed with nerve conduction studies. If nerve conduction studies show a large (> ... the facial nerve can be reinnervated with techniques such as cross-facial nerve grafting, nerve transfers and end-to-end nerve ... Moebius syndrome is a bilateral facial paralysis resulting from the underdevelopment of the VII cranial nerve (facial nerve), ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_nerve_paralysis

While vagal nerve stimulation is often a target area for treatment of epileptic seizures, there has been research into the ... This results in higher penetration depths (and therefore easier communication with the sub-cranial communicator), as well as ... Electrical stimulation devices have been effective in allowing spinal cord injury patients to have improved ability to urinate ... Neural dust is a term used to refer to nanometer-sized devices operated as wirelessly powered nerve sensors; it is a type of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_dust

A natural cast of the posterior brain, skull vessels and nerves, and the inner ear of Dinilysia patagonica is described by ... J. M. Pardo-Pérez; B. P. Kear; M. Gómez; M. Moroni; E. E. Maxwell (2018). "Ichthyosaurian palaeopathology: evidence of injury ... Paul V. Ullmann; Zachary M. Boles; Michael J. Knell (2018). "Insights into cranial morphology and intraspecific variation from ... A study on the anatomy of the brain, inner ear, nasal cavity and skull nerves of Proganochelys quenstedti, and on its ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_in_reptile_paleontology

"Is cranial computed tomography unnecessary in children with a head injury and isolated vomiting?". BMJ. 365: l1875. doi:10.1136 ... maxillar fracture an eye that cannot move or is deviated to one side can indicate that a broken facial bone is pinching a nerve ... A head injury is any injury that results in trauma to the skull or brain. The terms traumatic brain injury and head injury are ... "TBI , Traumatic Brain Injury , Traumatic Brain Injury Resources , Brain Injury Support , Brain Injury Information". www. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_injury

The intense cranial pain during migraines is due to the connection of the trigeminal nerve with the thalamus and thalamic ... For example, it has been reported that injury to the anterior portion of the brain is more likely to be correlated to more ... Typical migraines (aura, visual derangements, hemi-cranial headache, nausea and vomiting) are both a cause and an associated ... in the cerebral cortex during migraine attacks can eventually activate the trigeminal nerve's regulation of the vascular system ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_in_Wonderland_syndrome

Scalp dysesthesia Sciatic nerve injury Scrotodynia Syringomyelia (Morvan's disease) Traumatic neuroma (amputation neuroma) ... cranial arteritis, Horton's disease) Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura ( ... myxoma of the nerve sheath, myxomatous perineurioma, nerve sheath myxoma) Nevus flammeus (capillary malformation, port-wine ... Sea urchin injury Seaweed dermatitis Snake bite Sowda Sparganosis Spider bite Stingray injury Swimmer's itch (cercarial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_skin_conditions

Nuclei of cranial nerves, arcuate nuclei, and posterior horn cells were also affected. Studies examining patients with ... Stoica, Bogdan; Faden, Alan (2010). "Programmed Neuronal Cell Death Mechanisms in CNS Injury". Acute Neuronal Injury. 4: 169- ... At the cellular level, IBNC is marked by the degeneration of neurons and axons within the brainstem and cranial nerves. The ... Changes in the cell body cytoskeleton seem to be responsible for enhanced nuclear eccentricity following axonal injury. One ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatolysis

Olfactory nerve (cranial nerve 1) Smell. See also: olfactory receptor neurons Optic nerve (cranial nerve 2) Sight. See also: ... see: Acquired brain injury, traumatic brain injury (TBI), Stroke, Brain damage, Frontal lobe injury and also the Federal ... See cranial nerve section Olfactory nerve (#1) smell. See cranial nerve section Trigeminal nerve (#5) facial sensation biting ... cranial nerve 4) controls most eye rotation (with head still, look up, down, left, right). Trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve 5) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_the_human_brain

It includes detailed images depicting the ventricles, cranial nerves, pituitary gland, meninges, structures of the eye, the ... but it is also noticed that some bodily functions can be impaired by brain injuries or injuries to the cervical spine. There ... Incan surgeons learned to avoid areas of the head that would cause injury, using a scraping method on the skull that would ... Later Golgi and Cajal stained the ramifying branches of nerve cells; these could only touch, or synapse. The brain now had ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_neurology_and_neurosurgery

After the surgery, because the cranial nerves within the brain were still intact and nourished by the circulatory system from ... "Long-lasting significant functional improvement in chronic severe spinal cord injury following scar resection and polyethylene ... Jerry Silver, an expert in regrowing severed nerves, called White's experiments on monkeys, "fairly barbaric." During the 1990s ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_J._White

The oculomotor nerve, also known as the third cranial nerve, cranial nerve III, or simply CN III, is a cranial nerve that ... fibers controlling the pupillary function are superficial and spared from ischemic injuries typical of diabetes. On the ... Cranial nerves IV and VI also participate in control of eye movement. The oculomotor nerve originates from the third nerve ... Cranial nerves III, IV, and VI are usually tested together as part of the cranial nerve examination. The examiner typically ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oculomotor_nerve

Ingram LC, Fairclough DL, Furman WL, Sandlund JT, Kun LE, Rivera GK, Pui CH (May 1991). "Cranial nerve palsy in childhood acute ... and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of ... or cranial nerve palsies (CNS involvement) Frequent or unexplained fever and infection Weight loss and/or loss of appetite ... Central nervous system (CNS) symptoms such as cranial neuropathies due to meningeal infiltration are identified in less than 10 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia

... and the cranial nerves. Recent advancements in high-resolution MRIs allow for adenomas to be detected during the early stages ... and injury to the hypothalamus due to radiation therapy utilized on the patient. The pathophysiology of Nelson's syndrome is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson's_syndrome

... reaches the motor nuclei of the phrenic nerves (nerves between the C3-C5 region of the spine) in the cervical (neck) region. ... Once the spinal injury has occurred, one of two things may happen. Firstly, hemorrhaging within the spinal cord may cause ... Gradual cranial migration of the neurological deficits (problems relating to the nervous system), is known as ascending ... Any accidents or injuries attained during athletic competition to the spinal cord may result in myelomalacia. Accounts of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelomalacia

... some of which contain the cell bodies of neurons belonging to the cranial nerves. Not all cranial nerve nuclei contain α-MNs; ... Injury to α-MNs is the most common type of lower motor neuron lesion. Damage may be caused by trauma, ischemia, and infection, ... The corticonuclear tract is so named because it connects the cerebral cortex to cranial nerve nuclei. (The corticonuclear tract ... These α-MNs provide the motor component of the spinal nerves that innervate muscles of the body. As in the brainstem, higher ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_motor_neuron

Coughing, which can similarly increase cranial blood flow, can also be useful as a coping mechanism to avoid pre-syncope and ... Stimulation of the vagus nerve, a part of the parasympathetic nervous system, is responsible for promoting the lowered heart ... injury, or injection, or in anticipation of an injection, injury, or exposure to blood. Blood-like stimuli (paint, ketchup) may ... Bodily injuries may also be sustained in the course of a fainting response to a phobic trigger. Substantial rates of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood-injection-injury_type_phobia

Diseases [C] » Nervous System Diseases [C10] » Cranial Nerve Diseases » Cranial Nerve Injuries ... Diseases [C] » Wounds and Injuries [C26] » Trauma, Nervous System » Craniocerebral Trauma » Cranial Nerve Injuries ... Diseases [C] » Nervous System Diseases [C10] » Trauma, Nervous System » Craniocerebral Trauma » Cranial Nerve Injuries ... Dysfunction of one or more cranial nerves causally related to a traumatic injury. Penetrating and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL ...

https://www.cdek.liu.edu/mesh/D020209/

Osmosis Cranial nerve injury high-yield notes offers clear overviews with striking illustrations, tables, and diagrams. Make ... NOTES NOTES CRANIAL NERVE INJURY GENERALLY, WHAT IS IT? PATHOLOGY & CAUSES ▪ Brain/cranial nerves injury → neurological ... Chapter 71 Cranial Nerve Injury SIGNS & SYMPTOMS ▪ Unilateral facial weakness evolves rapidly over 48 hours ▫ Eyebrow sags, eye ... This Osmosis High-Yield Note provides an overview of Cranial nerve injury essentials. All Osmosis Notes are clearly laid-out ...

https://www.osmosis.org/notes/Cranial_nerve_injury

Pathological Location of Cranial Nerves in Petroclival Lesions: How to Avoid Their Injury during Anterior Petrosal Approach. ... Pathological Location of Cranial Nerves in Petroclival Lesions : How to Avoid Their Injury during Anterior Petrosal Approach. ... Pathological Location of Cranial Nerves in Petroclival Lesions : How to Avoid Their Injury during Anterior Petrosal Approach. ... Pathological Location of Cranial Nerves in Petroclival Lesions: How to Avoid Their Injury during Anterior Petrosal Approach. ...

https://keio.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/pathological-location-of-cranial-nerves-in-petroclival-lesions-ho

Relying on the MRI3D-SPACE technology, we observed the location and extent of the cranial nerve damage… ... patient with multiple groups of cranial nerve damage as the primary clinical manifestation, confirmed by histopathology and ... Acute invasive mucormycosis rhinosinusitis causing multigroup cranial nerve injury and meningitis-A case report. by ... This study reported a case of a Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mycosis (ROCM) patient with multiple groups of cranial nerve damage as ...

https://neuroptometry.com/research/acute-invasive-mucormycosis-rhinosinusitis-causing-multigroup-cranial-nerve-injury-and-meningitis-a-case-report/

Cranial-nerve injury was more common after endarterectomy.. Not the final word ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/788807

Cranial Nerve Injury * Dejerine Sottas Disease * Dermatomyositis * Diabetic Lumbosacral Radiculoplexus Neuropathy * Diabetic ...

https://www.medstarhealth.org/doctors/reena-thomas-md

We hypothesize that such factors may further minimize injury of adjacent cranial nerves. In this retrospective study, we report ... In no patients did new trigeminal dysfunction develop, nor did any patient experience permanent injury to their facial nerve; ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15918941/

Approximately 2.8 million traumatic brain injury-related emergency room visits, hospitalizations and deaths occurred in the U.S ... Approximately 2.8 million traumatic brain injury-related emergency room visits, hospitalizations and deaths occurred in the U.S ... T06.0: injuries of brain and cranial nerves with injuries of nerves and spinal cord at neck level; and ... E-codes specify that the injury was unintentional but do not specify the actual mechanism of injury.. §§Includes TBIs in which ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/ss/ss6609a1.htm

Head Injuries; Cranial Nerve Palsies; Diabetes; Brain Tumors; Strokes. Each of these conditions, can cause strabismus ( ... In adults, strabismus is most commonly caused by thyroid eye disease, old childhood problems, head injuries with cranial nerve ...

https://www.dellchildrens.net/services-and-programs/childrens-eye-center/services/adults-treated-at-dell-childrens-eye-center/

Characterizing liability for cranial nerve injuries: a detailed analysis of 209 malpractice trials. Laryngoscope 2013;123:1156- ... Common causes of injury and legal action in laser surgery. JAMA Dermatol 2013;149:188-93.doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.1384 ...

https://pmj.bmj.com/content/97/1143/55?ijkey=c8774f5acd54afd251f73cbfc996360f16f3afd4&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

There are distinct medical complications that may arise as a result of the injury to the brain. ... can cause cranial nerve injuries that result in compressive cranial neuropathies. All but three of the 12 cranial nerves ... The seventh cranial nerve, called the facial nerve, is the most commonly injured cranial nerve in TBI and damage to it can ... vascular injuries, cranial nerve injuries, pain, bed sores, multiple organ system failure in unconscious patients, and ...

https://www.brainline.org/article/what-immediate-post-injury-complications-can-occur-tbi

... which produced cranial nerve injuries." Exposure to TCE concurrent with alcohol consumption can cause "degreasers flush," a ...

https://haz-map.com/Agents/93

... can cause cranial nerve injuries that result in compressive cranial neuropathies. All but three of the 12 cranial nerves ... The seventh cranial nerve, called the facial nerve, is the most commonly injured cranial nerve in TBI and damage to it can ... vascular injuries, cranial nerve injuries, pain, bed sores, multiple organ system failure in unconscious patients, and ... What is a Traumatic Brain Injury?. TBI, also called acquired brain injury or simply head injury, occurs when a sudden trauma ...

https://www.doereport.com/displaymonograph.php?MID=92

Cranial Nerve Injuries C26.260.237 Cranial Nerve Neoplasms C10.551.775.250 Craniocerebral Trauma C26.260 Craniosynostoses ... Optic Nerve Injuries C26.260.237.650 Optic Nerve Neoplasms C10.551.775.250.500 Oral Hygiene Index E5.318.308.250.300.675 E5.318 ... Facial Nerve Diseases C10.292.300 C7.465.299 C10.292.319 Facial Nerve Injuries C10.292.300.500 C7.465.299.500 C26.260.237.325 ... Vagus Nerve Injuries C26.260.237.912 Vagus Nerve Stimulation E2.342.900 E2.331.900 E2.779.468.900 Vancomycin Resistance G7.690. ...

https://decs.bvs.br/P/mnchg2016.txt

Signs of cranial nerve injuries. Signs of cranial nerve injuries include the following:. * Facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) - ... Spinal accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI) - Inability to shrug a shoulder and to laterally rotate the chin to the opposite ... Brachial plexus injuries sustained from blunt trauma tend to involve the upper nerve roots (C5-C7), diminishing the capacity of ... Signs of penetrating injuries of the heart, aorta, and great vessels. Signs of penetrating injuries include the following:. * ...

https://emedicine.staging.medscape.com/article/827223-clinical

And the pain in the affected limb can be severe and even lead to an initial diagnosis of an injury in that extremity. Cranial ... Higher cuts of the brain stem or a complete brain MRI should be considered in a patient with cranial nerve deficits. Clearly ... We suggest conducting a thorough cranial nerve assessment to look for any facial, palatal or shoulder strength asymmetry and ... Synovitis neuritis and injury are often considered when just one limb is involved. GBS and transverse myelitis typically have ...

https://emergency.cdc.gov/coca/transcripts/2018/call-transcript-111318.asp

Injuries of brain and cranial nerves with injuries of nerves and spinal cord at neck level - English → Magyar. Other specified ... Injury of femoral artery - English → Magyar. spinal cord injury (SCI) - English → Magyar. Injury of cranial nerves - English → ... Injury of muscle and tendon of hip - English → Magyar. Injury of unspecified cranial nerve - English → Magyar. Injury of ... Injury of heart - unspecified - English → Magyar. Injury of other cranial nerves - English → Magyar. Injury of liver or ...

https://super55.com/index.php?s=1&q=chronic+traumatic+brain+injury

Cranial nerves (50). *. Epilepsy and seizures (105). *. Headache (including migraine) (134). *. Motor neurone disease ... Lisfranc fracture dislocation: a review of a commonly missed injury of the midfoot Simon Lau, Michael Bozin, Tharsa ... The unusual reason of the hand injury: sneeze Aydın Sarıhan, Çağdaş Can, Mehtap Bulut ... BET 2: Is ultrasound a reliable way of detecting rotator cuff injuries of the shoulder? Emergency Medicine Journal Jul 2014, 31 ...

https://emj.bmj.com/collection/physical-injuries

... in TL procedures there was a decreased risk for postoperative cranial nerve (CN) VII injury (20.2% vs 10.0%, CI 0.23-0.82), ... Mean trigeminal nerve length was 8.55 mm in the standard dosing group and 9.46 mm in the reduced dosing group. Baseline rates ... Boda Bodas and Road Traffic Injuries in Uganda: An Overview of Traffic Safety Trends from 2009 to 2017. International journal ... Traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients are known to have a high rate of venous thromboembolism (VTE), and additional ...

https://profiles.stanford.edu/michael-zhang

... heart attack and cranial nerve injuries that can cause issues with swallowing, speaking and sensation in the face. Click here ...

https://www.delraymedicalctr.com/news/newsroom/dr-joseph-ricotta-of-delray-medical-center-named-2020-tcar-clinical-operator-of-experience

There were no cranial nerve injuries in the stenting group, and over 5% in the endarterectomy group, more than 2% of which ...

https://www.cxsymposium.com/crest-fails-to-give-carotid-stenting-a-boost-at-cx/

this is usually delayed for 12-24 hrs following injury;. - damage to the seventh or eighth cranial nerves may accompany ... Cranio-Maxillary-Facial Injuries. Cranio-Maxillary-Facial Injuries. - Facial Fractures and Upper Airway Injuries:. - in pts ... facial palsy of immediate onset represents direct facial nerve injury at the site of temporal bone fracture and require early ... injuries of the Larynx may cause rapid respiratory obstruction and require immediate tracheostomy;. - in less urgen situation, ...

https://www.wheelessonline.com/bones/cranio-maxillary-facial-injuries/

Cranial Neuropathy, Traumatic Injuries, Cranial Nerve Injury, Cranial Nerve Nerve Injuries, Cranial Nerve Injury, Cranial ... Cranial Neuropathy, Traumatic. Injuries, Cranial Nerve. Injury, Cranial Nerve. Nerve Injuries, Cranial. Nerve Injury, Cranial. ... Cranial Nerve Injuries Entry term(s). Cranial Nerve Injury Cranial Neuropathies, Traumatic ... Cranial Nerve Injuries - Preferred Concept UI. M0328369. Scope note. Dysfunction of one or more cranial nerves causally related ...

https://decs.bvsalud.org/en/ths/resource/?id=34297

CRANIAL NERVE INJURIES TRAUMATISMOS DEL NERVIO CRANEAL TRAUMATISMOS DOS NERVOS CRANIANOS CUBITAL TUNNEL SYNDROME SINDROME DEL ... OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA GLIOMA DEL NERVIO OPTICO GLIOMA DO NERVO ÓPTICO OPTIC NERVE INJURIES TRAUMATISMOS DEL NERVIO OPTICO ... ABDUCENS NERVE DISEASES ENFERMEDADES DEL NERVIO ABDUCENTE DOENÇAS DO NERVO ABDUCENTE ABDUCENS NERVE INJURY TRAUMATISMO DEL ... FACIAL NERVE INJURIES TRAUMATISMOS DEL NERVIO FACIAL TRAUMATISMOS DO NERVO FACIAL FEMORAL NEUROPATHY NEUROPATIA FEMORAL ...

https://decs2014.bvsalud.org/I/news2000iep.htm

https://decs2013.bvsalud.org/I/news2000iep.htm

Dysfunction of one or more cranial nerves causally related to a traumatic injury. (liu.edu)

however, the pituitary stalk, connected to the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus, is vulnerable to the effects of TBI, especially in patients with associated facial fractures, cranial nerve injuries, and dysautonomia. (medscape.com)
Most of these injuries develop within a few weeks of the initial trauma and result from skull fractures or penetrating injuries. (brainline.org)
Skull fractures, especially at the base of the skull, can cause cranial nerve injuries that result in compressive cranial neuropathies . (brainline.org)
Neurologic injury occurs in 40% of patients with cervical spine fractures. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
She suffered cranial nerve injury, causing double vision and fractures of her collarbone and ribs. (vanbloislaw.com)
To increase awareness of and add to the spectrum of injury that can result from Jefferson fractures, to suggest a possible mechanism of injury, and to give a brief review of pertinent facts regarding C1 burst fractures and the Collet- Sicard Syndrome. (elsevier.com)
Although this is the first reported case of Collet-Sicard Syndrome caused by Jefferson fracture, the authors' review of the literature suggests that cranial nerve injuries may go unrecognized in some patients with C1 burst fractures. (elsevier.com)

and trauma to the facial region are conditions associated with cranial nerve injuries. (liu.edu)
Complications of TBI include immediate seizures, hydrocephalus or post-traumatic ventricular enlargement, CSF leaks, infections, vascular injuries, cranial nerve injuries, pain, bed sores, multiple organ system failure in unconscious patients, and polytrauma (trauma to other parts of the body in addition to the brain). (brainline.org)
TBI, also called acquired brain injury or simply head injury, occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain. (doereport.com)
Some experts in the field of trauma assert that physical examination alone is sufficient to assess zone II for injury, while others believe that diagnostic testing is mandatory. (medscape.com)
A single examination is not sufficient, because the onset of signs of injury may be delayed and progressive with neck trauma. (medscape.com)
About 50% of cases of penetrating neck trauma in which the platysma is violated have no further injury. (medscape.com)
Of a total of 8500 patients with trauma injuries, 1332 were motorcyclists, with a male to female ratio of 15:1. (who.int)
The purpose of this study therefore was to describe the epidemiology of motorcycle rider injuries during 13 months trauma registration in Tehran. (who.int)
Data were obtained from the trauma registry which is a registry of all patients who sustained injury within 1 week prior to presentation to ERs and were hospitalized for more than 24 hours. (who.int)
Motor vehicle accidents (primarily in young patients), falls (primarily in older patients), diving accidents, and blunt trauma account for the majority of cervical spine injuries. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
mechanism of injury, witnessed head trauma, movement of extremities/level of consciousness immediately following trauma, etc. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
While the NFL concussion lawsuits have made many Californians aware of the risks of sports-related head trauma , it's important to remember that these injuries aren't limited to professional sports. (legalpad.com)
Millions of Americans sustain traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) each year, while many more continue to live with the effects of serious head trauma. (legalpad.com)
Motor Vehicle crashes were the major cause of traumatic injuries (20in spinal trauma and 70.7of head trauma). (bvsalud.org)
A total of 78.7of all head injuries were admitted in the first 24 hours following trauma. (bvsalud.org)
It is believed to result from birth trauma, intrauterine posture, intrauterine compression, or congenital aplasia of the facial nerve nucleus. (chop.edu)

Soft signs, such as a nonexpanding hematoma and paresthesias, do not improve the predictive value of an arterial injury more than indicating the proximity of the wound to a major vessel. (medscape.com)

Immediate and delayed consequences of Electrical Injury/Electromagnetic injury -Repetitive mild to moderate Traumatic Brain Injuries -Cognitive communication disorder -Anoxia/Hypoxia -Trigeminal, vagal and other cranial nerve dysfunction. (researchgate.net)
Early recognition of vagus nerve dysfunction after a traumatic brain injury could improve patients' risk of long-term health complications. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
Alternative physical therapy exercises, functional neurology, and integrative functional health physicians have seen a tremendous increase in patients within the past few years who continue to suffer from post-concussion syndrome, vagus nerve dysfunction, chronic illness, autoimmune and other health conditions. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
Several chemicals are known to cause selective impairment of cranial-nerve function, including dysfunction of the fifth cranial nerve (trichloroethylene). (cdc.gov)
Whether congenital or acquired, facial nerve dysfunction can cause significant functional and social problems for affected children. (chop.edu)

The Kawase approach, through the middle fossa, is a well-described option for addressing cranial base lesions of the petroclival region. (elsevier.com)
Therefore, knowledge of the detailed anatomy and pathway of the oculomotor nerve is critical for the management of lesions located in the middle cranial fossa and the clival, cavernous, and orbital regions. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
Repeated neurologic examinations over the ensuing days revealed lesions of cranial nerves IX, X, XI, and XII on the left side. (elsevier.com)
However, the degree of precision offered by the gamma knife permits the treatment of lesions that are no more than 2 mm in size and which touch vital structures, such as the cranial nerves, optic chiasma and brainstem, without (theoretically) causing any injury to healthy tissues. (bvsalud.org)

What are cranial neuropathies? (hopkinsmedicine.org)
If several different cranial nerves are affected, it is called multiple cranial neuropathies (MCN) . (hopkinsmedicine.org)
What are the symptoms of cranial neuropathies? (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Different types of neuropathies can cause different symptoms, based on which nerves are damaged and where they are located. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
How are cranial neuropathies diagnosed? (hopkinsmedicine.org)
How are cranial neuropathies treated? (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Technically, a concussion is a short loss of consciousness in response to a head injury, but in common language the term has come to mean any minor injury to the head or brain. (doereport.com)
Head injuries range in severity from a cut or laceration to a concussion accompanied by loss of consciousness, coma, brain damage, and death. (yourlawyer.com)
Of these, 87 men and 21 women experienced a medically documented mild traumatic brain injury or concussion in the previous 72 hours. (medscape.com)
Neuroinflammatory responses from PTSD , chronic pain, syncope , chronic fatigue syndrome , and IBS are a few conditions signaling a vagus nerve problem linked with a concussion may exist. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
Determining if an injured nerve happened at the time of a concussion can be difficult for many medical professionals to diagnose. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)

The greatest challenge associated with endocrine complications in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is early recognition of these subtle problems. (medscape.com)
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has short- and long-term adverse clinical outcomes, including death and disability. (cdc.gov)
In adults, strabismus is most commonly caused by thyroid eye disease, old childhood problems, head injuries with cranial nerve palsies, diabetes, and rarely brain tumors or strokes. (dellchildrens.net)
About 25 percent of patients with brain contusions or hematomas and about 50 percent of patients with penetrating head injuries will develop immediate seizures , seizures that occur within the first 24 hours of the injury. (brainline.org)
Damage to one of the major arteries leading to the brain can cause a stroke, either through bleeding from the artery ( hemorrhagic stroke ) or through the formation of a clot at the site of injury, called a thrombus or thrombosis , blocking blood flow to the brain ( ischemic stroke ). (brainline.org)
Symptoms such as headache, vomiting, seizures, paralysis on one side of the body, and semi-consciousness developing within several days of a head injury may be caused by a blood clot that forms in the tissue of one of the sinuses, or cavities, adjacent to the brain. (brainline.org)
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem, especially among male adolescents and young adults ages 15 to 24, and among elderly people of both sexes 75 years and older. (doereport.com)
What is a Traumatic Brain Injury? (doereport.com)
A penetrating injury occurs when an object pierces the skull and enters brain tissue. (doereport.com)
Rehabilitation of Persons with Traumatic Brain Injury. (doereport.com)
CEA removes plaque from inside the carotid artery to restore normal blood flow to the brain, but the large incision leaves a visible scar the length of the neck and carries risks of surgical complications, including bleeding, infection, heart attack and cranial nerve injuries that can cause issues with swallowing, speaking and sensation in the face. (delraymedicalctr.com)
When nerves in the brain or brainstem are affected, it is called cranial neuropathy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The cranial nerves are those that arise directly from your brain or brainstem and often affect areas like the face and eyes. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
A disorder affecting the brain, such as an aneurysm or brain tumor, may also cause third nerve palsy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The sixth cranial nerve can be damaged by infection, a stroke or tumor, increased pressure in the brain, and even migraines. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Your pet's reflexes will also be tested to determine, if possible, the location of the injury in the brain, spinal cord, or nerves in the peripheral nervous system. (merckvetmanual.com)
Signs identified during this evaluation indicate an injury or disease of the brain. (merckvetmanual.com)
Topics include the anatomy and function of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system, as well as the surgical repair of injury and pathology. (medicalillustration.com)
Does ECT cause a repetitive mild traumatic brain injury? (researchgate.net)
Can ECT be considered an acquired brain injury? (researchgate.net)
The road to recovery from a traumatic brain injury can be long and difficult. (yourlawyer.com)
If you or your loved one sustained a TBI, you can count on the Traumatic Brain Injury lawyers at Parker Waichman LLP to use their experience, training, resources, and knowledge to obtain the largest settlement or award possible on your behalf. (yourlawyer.com)
The Traumatic Brain Injury attorneys at Parker Waichman LLP emphasize with your financial and emotional struggle you are now facing because your family member suffered a TBI as a result of the negligence or intentional act of another. (yourlawyer.com)
As referenced above, traumatic brain injuries can happen in many ways. (yourlawyer.com)
The severity of a brain injury depends on how it occurred and the force applied to the head at contact with another object. (yourlawyer.com)
Brain injuries and concussions, in particular, can occur even when the head does not contact another object. (yourlawyer.com)
There are other means of sustaining traumatic brain injuries. (yourlawyer.com)
Understanding the cause of the traumatic brain injury is vital to the success of the legal claim for damages the victim could make. (yourlawyer.com)
Do helmets really help to prevent children and teens from sustaining serious and life-threatening traumatic brain injuries (TBIs)? (legalpad.com)
Brian Applegate, a 17-year-old former star athlete and water polo player in Southern California, was forced to "relearn everything after a skateboarding accident in May left him with a severe brain injury. (legalpad.com)
Indeed, a recent article in Consumer Affairs reported that "high school players are at much higher risk than youth- or college-level players" of sustaining a traumatic brain injury (TBI) on the field. (legalpad.com)
Youth football leagues have paid attention to the seriousness of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), multiple concussions , and the risks of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). (legalpad.com)
California youth sports leagues appear to be leading the way in brain injury prevention. (legalpad.com)
Did you know that March is brain injury awareness month? (legalpad.com)
In order to raise awareness about the severity of a brain injury-both to the victims themselves, as well as to the family members, friends, co-workers, and employers of the victims-and the ways we can help to prevent serious accidents from taking place. (legalpad.com)
Each year, the Brain Injury Association of America (BIAA) observes Brain Injury Awareness Month and develops a theme for its advocacy work. (legalpad.com)
According to the BIAA, "the Not Alone campaign provides a platform for educating the general public about the incidence of brain injury and the needs of people with brain injuries and their families. (legalpad.com)
Sometimes, missing these warning signs can lead to birth injuries, in particular, those that harm the child's brain. (kalfusnachman.com)
The most serious types of birth injuries are those that affect your child's brain. (kalfusnachman.com)
A lack of oxygen during delivery (hypoxia), or bleeding within the skull or brain, is usually what causes birth injuries and often results in irreversible brain damage. (kalfusnachman.com)
The term 'dysarthria' actually refers to a group of speech disorders involving any or all of the speech production processes (i.e., respiration, phonation, resonance, articulation, and prosody) resulting from disturbances in muscular control secondary to neurological damage (e.g., degenerative diseases, cerebral vascular accidents, traumatic brain injury, etc. (speechpathology.com)
BOSTON - A simple, quick test performed with a pupillometer appears to be an effective screening tool for acute mild traumatic brain injury, US Army investigators report. (medscape.com)
We have identified functional divergences that could be biomarkers for traumatic brain injury," said José Capó-Aponte, OD, PhD, from the Department of Optometry at the Womack Army Medical Center in Fort Bragg, North Carolina. (medscape.com)
Of the more than 340,000 cases of traumatic brain injury clinically confirmed from 2000 to 2015, mild injury accounted for 82.5%, according to US Department of Defense statistics. (medscape.com)
However, traumatic brain injury is often only identified when moderate or severe head injuries have occurred, leaving mild cases undiagnosed, Dr Capó-Aponte and his colleagues explain in their scientific poster. (medscape.com)
Since approximately 30 areas of the brain and seven of the 12 cranial nerves deal with vision, it is not unexpected that the patient with traumatic brain injury may manifest a host of visual problems, such as pupillary deficit, visual processing delays, and impaired oculomotor tracking and related oculomotor-based reading dysfunctions," Dr Capó-Aponte pointed out. (medscape.com)
To see whether they could identify reliable biomarkers of mild traumatic brain injury that could be detected with an easily reproducible screening test, he and his colleagues looked for subtle visual changes that could be measured in the office or in the field. (medscape.com)
The age-matched control group consisted of 79 men and 21 women with no history of traumatic brain injury. (medscape.com)
She fell to the pavement, hit her head and suffered a traumatic brain injury. (vanbloislaw.com)
She was knocked to the pavement and received a traumatic brain injury, causing cognitive deficits and difficulty with concentration, processing information, multi-tasking and executive functioning. (vanbloislaw.com)
Damage or pressure to the vagus nerve after a brain injury can contribute to inflammation and symptoms similar to other post brain injury conditions. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
Dueling conditions can cause significant suffering and confusion for patients with traumatic brain injuries. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
Starting from the brain stem, traveling past our ears and throat to the base of the neck, the nerve branches off toward the left and right side of the body. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
He highlights the importance of a healthy vagus nerve, especially for patients with high-risk factors such as a traumatic brain injury. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
Hope After Brain Injury disclaims any liability based on information provided in this website. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
During 2018–2020, death rates for unintentional traumatic brain injury among persons aged ≤19 years were higher for males than for females in each age group. (cdc.gov)
The brain functions to receive nerve impulses from the spinal cord and cranial nerves. (medlineplus.gov)
The spinal cord contains the nerves that carry messages between the brain and the body. (medlineplus.gov)
Only 12of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) had CT scan. (bvsalud.org)
To test this, we investigated the relationship between acute brain ischemia, lung inflammation, and CNS reperfusion injury in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of stroke. (rochester.edu)
Neurosurgery (or Neurological Surgery) is the medical specialty concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of disorders which affect any portion of the nervous system including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and extra-cranial cerebrovascular system. (ac.ir)
Migraines can be set off by a long list of stimuli, from weather changes to dietary choices, that affect hormone levels, brain stem function and cranial blood pressure. (backinbalancechiro.com)
In the nervous system, there are three primary areas that regulate our balance: the cerebellum (located in the back of the brain), the dorsal columns (located in the back of the spinal cord), and the inner ear (the "vestibular" part of our cranial nerve VIII). (drdavidwarwick.com)

Microvascular cranial nerve palsy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Third nerve palsy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Sixth nerve palsy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
This is also called cranial nerve VI or abducens palsy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Microvascular cranial nerve palsy can develop in people who have high blood pressure. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Children are sometimes born with third nerve palsy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Fourth nerve palsy is often a congenital birth defect, which means that a baby is born with it. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
But a head injury, stroke, or tumor can also cause fourth nerve palsy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Microvascular cranial nerve palsy can cause double vision and other problems with eyesight. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Third nerve palsy can cause an eyelid to sag and droop, double vision, difficulty moving the eye, and a pupil that is bigger than normal. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Fourth nerve palsy causes the eye or eyes to turn abnormally. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Sixth nerve palsy can cause abnormal movement of the eye and double vision. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
It represents only the second reported case of cranial nerve palsy caused by Jefferson fracture. (elsevier.com)
A loss of facial movement is often called facial nerve palsy, since it is caused by damage to the facial nerve. (chop.edu)
Facial nerve palsy in children can come from a variety of causes, some congenital and some acquired in nature. (chop.edu)
Congenital facial nerve palsy is defined as palsy of the 7th cranial nerve that is present at birth or that occurs shortly afterward. (chop.edu)
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia's Facial Motion Disorders Program evaluates and treats children with facial nerve palsy and other motion disorders. (chop.edu)
If your child's facial nerve palsy is related to stroke, she will receive comprehensive care through CHOP's Pediatric Stroke Program. (chop.edu)
Normally, Bell's Palsy affects only one side of the face at a time because there is a pair of facial nerves and each travels through a narrow channel, beneath the ears, to the muscles on each side of the face. (sandozchiropractic.com)
Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy After Cervical Spine Surgery. (cornell.edu)

Epidemiology, outcomes, and management of acute kidney injury in the vascular surgery patient. (theclinics.com)
Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with traditional tidal volumes for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. (theclinics.com)
L, and help our soles are associated vasculitis or the network of acute phase patients, including cranial, nerves. (disasterlesskerala.org)
These results collectively implicate lung-derived SOD3 as a modulator of neurovascular injury in acute ischemic stroke. (rochester.edu)
Acute compartment syndrome can be caused by injury and immediate medical assistance will be required for treatment. (healthhearty.com)
When compartment syndrome develops due to sudden injury one of the universal symptoms of acute compartment syndrome is excruciating pain in the region especially when the muscle is stretched. (healthhearty.com)
Acute compartment syndrome caused by injury is a medical emergency and orthopedic surgery is the best option. (healthhearty.com)

All but three of the 12 cranial nerves project out from the brainstem to the head and face. (brainline.org)
Brainstem injuries can, for example, infiltrate any of the cranial nerves that innervate facial and head structures, having an effect on nutrition, due to the fact that the patient is often unable to eat without running the risk of directing food or liquid into the lungs 2 . (bvsalud.org)

Generally it occurs within the first year of the injury and is characterized by worsening neurological outcome, impaired consciousness, behavioral changes, ataxia (lack of coordination or balance), incontinence, or signs of elevated ICP. (brainline.org)
I present four different case studies: Functional NeuroCognitive Imaging results and videos of ECT recipients now living with the neurological sequela of electrical injury which impacts speech and communication. (researchgate.net)
Kalfus & Nachman PC is honored to have an attorney appointed by the Governor of Virginia to the Board of Directors of the Virginia Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Program. (kalfusnachman.com)
Neurological disorders arising from injuries to the central nerve system may compromise the nutritional status depending on the affected area, having sometimes a detrimental effect on the physical and cognitive capacities required for a proper nutrition. (bvsalud.org)
Conclusion: Neurological injuries were the most commonly seen conditions mainly in head injuries. (bvsalud.org)

In 38% of the meningiomas, the trochlear nerve is encased by the tumor. (elsevier.com)
A: Schematic lateral view of the left ONC and trochlear nerve. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
B: Schematic superior view of the ONC and trochlear nerve. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)

The condition may develop as a result of meningitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracranial hematoma, or other injuries. (brainline.org)
The commonest cranial operation was for posttraumatic intracranial haemorrhage (41.4) followed by surgery for depressed fracture (37.9). (bvsalud.org)

ABSTRACT We studied motorcycle-related injuries in Tehran from 23 August 1999 to 21 September 2000 in 6 hospitals. (who.int)

Some symptoms are evident immediately, while others do not surface until several days or weeks after the injury. (doereport.com)
ICD-9-CM codes are used in medical billing and coding to describe diseases, injuries, symptoms and conditions. (icd9data.com)
Because the symptoms of peripheral neuropathy are more specific and the nerves themselves more directly accessible to precise diagnostic examinations, the effects of neurotoxic agents on the peripheral nervous system are usually more easily identified than effects on the central nervous system (CNS). (cdc.gov)
Common symptoms of facial nerve injuries include lack of motion on one or both sides of the face, drooping of the eye and mouth on one side of the face, inability to generate normal facial motion such as smiling or raising the eyebrows. (chop.edu)
The abdominal symptoms consist of low blood pressure, irregular cardiovascular activity and elevated intra-cranial pressure (ICP). (healthhearty.com)

The seventh cranial nerve, called the facial nerve, is the most commonly injured cranial nerve in TBI and damage to it can result in paralysis of facial muscles. (brainline.org)
We report the mechanism of isolated hypoglossal nerve paralysis caused by a gunshot. (erdogan.edu.tr)
Faulty or incomplete regeneration of the damaged facial nerve can result in paresis (slight paralysis) or synkinesis (involuntary facial movements), and can leave these patients with abnormal or even distorted facial motion. (chop.edu)
When paralysis is bilateral, the motor nerve to the masseter muscle may be used bilaterally to innervate the muscle transfer in separate single stage procedures. (chop.edu)
The condition was subsequently diagnosed as transient diplopia due to temporary paralysis of lateral rectus muscle due to involvement of the VI cranial nerve. (who.int)

Incidence, outcomes, and effect on quality of life of cranial nerve injury in the Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy versus Stenting Trial. (medscape.com)
Cranial nerve injury during carotid endarterectomy. (hookupren.ga)
Other less common types of anomalous carotid/basilar anastomoses include persistent hypoglossal artery (adjacent to cranial nerve XII), persistent otic artery, and proatlantal intersegment artery. (radiologykey.com)
Carotid Artery Injury in Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery: Multicenter Cohort Study and Literature Review. (cornell.edu)

Forced flexion or extension resulting from unrestrained deceleration forces, with or without distraction or axial compression, is the mechanism for most cervical spine injuries. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
Lateral cervical spine radiograph: This will detect 85% of cervical spine injuries. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
The importance of a thorough neurologic examination, including examination of the cranial nerves, in all cases of cervical spine injury cannot be overemphasized. (elsevier.com)
Spina bifida is an inclusive name for various conditions associated with lack of closure of the spine, which, in turn, often causes permanent damage to the spinal cord and spinal nerves (4). (cdc.gov)
Lumbar microdiscectomy is a minimally-invasive neurosurgical procedure to remove portions of a herniated lumbar disc to relieve pressure on the spine or nerve branches. (battlebornbrainandspine.com)
In the lumbar, or lower, spine, this is frequently the cause of sciatic nerve pain that radiates down through the buttocks and legs, typically on one side or the other. (battlebornbrainandspine.com)
2017. Epidemiology and Outcomes of Vertebral Artery Injury in 16 582 Cervical Spine Surgery Patients: An AOSpine North America Multicenter Study. . (cornell.edu)
2017. Iatrogenic Spinal Cord Injury Resulting From Cervical Spine Surgery. . (cornell.edu)

Reported by: Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases Br, Div of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, National Center for Environmental Health and Injury Control, CDC. (cdc.gov)
Leading work-related diseases and injuries -- United States (neurotoxic disorders). (cdc.gov)
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has developed a list of 10 leading work-related diseases and injuries. (cdc.gov)
Neurotoxic disorders are on the NIOSH list of Ten Leading Work-Related Diseases and Injuries because of their potential severity--as exemplified by the neurotoxicity of chlordecone--and because of the large number of workers potentially at risk. (cdc.gov)

Analyse cognitive, cranial nerve injury. (disasterlesskerala.org)
Analyse cognitive, cranial nerve, the mechanical injury. (friendsofcalarchives.org)

What Immediate Post-Injury Complications Can Occur From a TBI? (brainline.org)
These complications are not types of TBI, but are distinct medical problems that arise as a result of the injury. (brainline.org)
In OR group, laterocervical hematoma and cranial nerve injury were evaluated and, in CAS group, arterial access site complications were considered as well. (unibo.it)
Complications included hearing loss, facial nerve paresis, and lower cranial nerve injuries. (entandaudiologynews.com)

The compartments are a combination of blood vessels, nerves and muscles covered by fascia. (healthhearty.com)
Each drug fulfilled a different purpose, including tamping down inflammation, inhibiting the production of collagen which would lead to scarring, and encouraging the new growth of nerve fibers, blood vessels, and muscle. (regenerativemedicine.net)

Neuropathy is a disorder that causes nerve damage and affects your ability to feel and move. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Cranial neuropathy can develop for many different reasons. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Sometimes medicines can be used to treat an infection, help reduce swelling in or near a nerve, or help if the neuropathy is causing pain. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Results In 41% of meningiomas, the trigeminal nerve is encased by the tumor. (elsevier.com)
In 38% of the meningiomas, the trigeminal nerve is in the SL part of the tumor, and it is in 20% of the IL portion of the tumor. (elsevier.com)
The pathologic nerve pattern differs from that of meningiomas for epidermoid and trigeminal schwannomas. (elsevier.com)

Consider an arterial injury of the neck in patients manifesting any degree of gross bleeding or presence of a hematoma. (medscape.com)
A neurologic examination evaluates 1) the head and cranial nerves, 2) the gait, or walk, 3) the neck and front legs, and 4) the torso, hind legs, anus, and tail. (merckvetmanual.com)
Evaluation of the neck and front legs will include searching for evidence of pain and loss of muscle size or tone, which may indicate an injury to the upper spinal cord. (merckvetmanual.com)
Others may have frequent headaches, back and neck pain, and other nerve issues. (rareimmunology.com)
Chiropractic care - If your headaches are being caused by a pinched cervical nerve or muscle strain in the neck due to a spinal imbalance or misalignment, chiropractic care can eliminate the pressure behind your pain. (backinbalancechiro.com)

This condition occurs when the facial nerve (seventh cranial nerve) is affected. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
It is believed to be caused by inflammation of the seventh cranial nerve (the facial nerve). (sandozchiropractic.com)

Cranial nerve palsies after gunshot injury are not uncommon. (erdogan.edu.tr)

The vagus nerve supports the proper functioning of multiple motor and sensory systems. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
Their descendants contribute to sensory organ improvement, but additionally give rise to sensory neurons of the cranial nerves. (aabioetica.org)

Other types of vascular injuries include vasospasm and the formation of aneurysms . (brainline.org)
The presence of a pulse does not exclude a vascular injury, and absence of a pulse is not diagnostic of vascular damage. (medscape.com)
The etiology of central nerve injury can vary from a congenital anomaly, vascular accidents, spinal cord injuries to degenerative illnesses. (bvsalud.org)

When cases are unilateral, a two-stage procedure usually is preferred using a cross facial nerve graft technique to innervate the free muscle transfer. (chop.edu)

The cranial X nerve , also known as the vagus nerve, plays a significant role in regulating the parasympathetic nervous system. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
While continuing to weave through pulmonary systems of the lungs and heart, the vagus nerve passes vital organs, running through the diaphragm, ending in our abdomen. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
Though the vagus nerve contributes to our body's responses associated with anxiety and fear, instinctively, we also rely on its ability to calm our nervous system. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
As part of the autonomic nervous system, the vagus nerve helps control our body's heart rate and blood pressure. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
Studies have shown that the vagus nerve has a direct influence on inflammatory responses and closely aligns with the regulation of our immune system. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
Many other health problems, such as viral infections, diabetes, and chronic illness, could contribute to a poorly functioning vagus nerve. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
Several treatment options are available to help restore and strengthen the health of the vagus nerve. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
Traditional treatments range from vagus nerve stimulation devices approved by the FDA to physical therapy, prescriptions, and surgical intervention for severe cases. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)
Alternative health specialists who focus on whole-body healing may use therapies such as chiropractic acupressure, massage, acupuncture , and more to help activate the vagus nerve while restoring health and balance to the entire nervous system. (hopeafterbraininjury.org)

Other statistics dramatically tell the story of head injury in the United States. (doereport.com)
TBI can result from a closed head injury* or a penetrating head injury. (doereport.com)
A closed injury occurs when the head suddenly and violently hits an object but the object does not break through the skull. (doereport.com)
But it may also be caused by a head injury or an infection. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
An evaluation of the head tests mental activity, head posture and coordination, and cranial nerves. (merckvetmanual.com)
There were 28 fatalities and head injuries were the prominent cause of death. (who.int)
Only 2.7% of helmeted riders sustained a head injury, compared with 11.2% of riders without a helmet. (who.int)
It has been observed in previous studies that head and limb (especially lower limb) injuries are very common amongst motorcyclists [3,6,8]. (who.int)
On the other hand, head injuries are diagnosed in half or more of all deaths to motorcyclists in crashes [10-12]. (who.int)
Car accidents, truck accidents, pedestrian accidents, bicycling accidents, slip and fall accidents, and playing sports are all major causes of head injuries. (yourlawyer.com)
Participants in team sports and combat sports also encounter frequent head injuries. (yourlawyer.com)
Football players, soccer players, and hockey players are most vulnerable to head injuries. (yourlawyer.com)
Data was obtained from Radiology Department files for all head injuries examined from June 1989 to August 1990. (bvsalud.org)
Whether your patients are adults with head injuries or stroke survivors with visual perception problems, you'll transform your practice with innovative interventions that help patients adapt to visual impairments, take charge of their recovery, and resume functional activities they might have otherwise abandoned. (pesi.com)
Trigger points in this region may also direct pain to the head, while a cervical misalignment can pinch sensitive nerves. (backinbalancechiro.com)
The medial pectoral nerve primarily innervates the sternocostal head of the pectoralis major and could provide a small contribution to the clavicular head. (wustl.edu)

This study reported a case of a Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mycosis (ROCM) patient with multiple groups of cranial nerve damage as the primary clinical manifestation, confirmed by histopathology and cerebrospinal fluid metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology. (neuroptometry.com)
Hard signs of an arterial injury include a large expanding hematoma, severe active or pulsatile bleeding, shock unresponsive to fluids, signs of cerebral infarction, presence of a bruit or thrill, and diminished distal pulses. (medscape.com)
The nerve fibers leave the midbrain through the most medial part of the cerebral peduncle and enter the interpeduncular cistern. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
The oculomotor nuclear complex (ONC) and the initial parts of the nerve fibers are located within the tegmentum of the midbrain, which is in turn situated at the level of the tentorial notch, where it is surrounded by parts of the diencephalon, cerebellum, and cerebral hemisphere (Parent and Carpenter, 1995). (neurosurgicalatlas.com)

Exposure to liquid trichloroethylene can result in skin irritation and minor corneal injury. (cdc.gov)

The commonest musculoskeletal injury was fracture: tibial fracture with 509 cases (49.8%) comprised the largest proportion. (who.int)

The oculomotor nerve supplies the extraocular muscles. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
The weakness may progress over hours to days to involve the arms, truncal muscles, cranial nerves, and muscles of respiration. (medscape.com)
The fascia is rigid and has no or little elasticity and keeps the muscles and nerves in places within the compartment. (healthhearty.com)
When swelling occurs in this area, blood supply to the muscles and nerves is cut off and this is known as compartment syndrome. (healthhearty.com)
Due to the cut in blood supply, muscles and nerves are deprived of essential nutrients and oxygen. (healthhearty.com)
In addition to the facial muscles, the nerve also affects tear production, saliva production, taste sensations, and a small bone in the middle of the ear. (sandozchiropractic.com)
Each facial nerve directs the muscles on one side of the face, including those that control eye blinking and closing, and facial expressions such as smiling and frowning. (sandozchiropractic.com)

Spinal cord injury can occur when there is damage to the cells within the spinal cord or when the tracts of nerves that run up and down the spinal cord are severed. (medlineplus.gov)
A significant number (44.4) of spinal cord injury presented late (up to 7 days before referral to a neurosurgeon) and stayed longer in the hospital (52.7up to 3 months). (bvsalud.org)

Our lawyers will work to find the source of your child's birth injury. (chaikinandsherman.com)
The parents of children suffering from birth injuries are sometimes hesitant to seek the help of a Hoffman Estates birth injury malpractice attorney because they are under the impression that their child's injury was their fault. (willenslaw.com)
If you have been victim to medical malpractice that led to your child's birth injury, please allow our experienced Norfolk medical malpractice attorneys to help. (kalfusnachman.com)
Our medical malpractice lawyers in Norfolk will help you find out the truth about your child's injury and work hard to get you fair compensation. (kalfusnachman.com)

Physical examination of the medial pectoral nerve includes the motor examination of the pectoralis major muscle. (wustl.edu)

Birth injuries can turn one of life's greatest joys into one of life's most devastating tragedies. (chaikinandsherman.com)
The mother's action or inaction does not cause most birth injuries. (chaikinandsherman.com)
We understand how difficult this time can be for you and your family and we are available to assist you following birth injuries that could and should have been prevented. (chaikinandsherman.com)
Many different factors can cause birth injuries. (chaikinandsherman.com)
Some birth injuries are not preventable and are part of the inherent risks of pregnancy, birth, or medical procedures. (chaikinandsherman.com)
However, other birth injuries are indeed preventable if not for the negligence of health care providers or other responsible parties. (chaikinandsherman.com)
While negligence committed by medical professionals during labor and birth is the cause of many preventable birth injuries, other parties may be accountable when mothers or babies suffer harm. (chaikinandsherman.com)
Often, birth injuries cause mental or physical life-long disabilities, and can greatly affect the families who must care for the child. (willenslaw.com)
Use of excessive force, failure to properly anticipate the size of the child, and failure to order a C-section are other factors that can lead to birth injuries. (kalfusnachman.com)
Because many birth injuries can have permanent effects, our Norfolk birth injury attorneys strive to make sure you are compensated for the lifetime care costs associated with the injury. (kalfusnachman.com)
To code a diagnosis of this type, you must use one of the seven child codes of P11 that describes the diagnosis 'other birth injuries to central nervous system' in more detail. (icd.codes)

The goal of this project was to create two neuroanatomy textbook spreads on the topics of the oculomotor nerve (CNIII) and vestibulocochlear never (CNVIII). (cassieren.com)
After the oculomotor nerve emerges from the interpeduncular fossa, it enters the cavernous sinus slightly lateral and anterior to the dorsum sellae. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
This review describes the microsurgical anatomy of the oculomotor nerve and presents pictures illustrating this nerve and its surrounding connective and neurovascular structures. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
The oculomotor nerve is a pure motor nerve and primarily triggers movements of the eyeball, hence its name (from the Latin oculus for eye and motous for motion) (Dorland, 2003). (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
E: Superolateral view of the right oculomotor nerve from the cisternal segment to the orbital segment. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
The intramesencephalic segment extends from the nucleus to the point of exit of the oculomotor nerve from the midbrain. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
The oculomotor nerve complex, which is positioned in the most ventral part of the periaqueductal gray (PAG) at the level of the superior colliculi, comprises the somatic cell column, the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, and an additional dorsal (supraoculomotor) nucleus in each half of the midbrain (Figs. 1A-1C) (Vitosevic et al. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)

Virtually all patients with hard signs of an arterial injury require operative repair. (medscape.com)

Anatomy6

Diseases11

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment3

Phenomena and Processes1

Named Groups1

Health Care5

Avulsion fracture of the anterior half of the foramen magnum involving the bilateral occipital condyles and the inferior clivus--case report. (1/45)

Extracranial carotid artery aneurysms: Texas Heart Institute experience. (2/45)

Cranial and cervical nerve injuries after repeat carotid endarterectomy. (3/45)

Neurological abnormalities associated with CDMA exposure. (4/45)

Redo carotid endarterectomy versus primary carotid endarterectomy. (5/45)

Long-term outcome after severe head injury. (6/45)

Tapia's syndrome following shoulder surgery. (7/45)

Perceptual and instrumental evaluation of voice and tongue function after carotid endarterectomy. (8/45)

Cranial Nerve Injuries

Hypoglossal Nerve Injuries

Laryngeal Nerve Injuries

Cranial Nerves

Cranial Nerve Diseases

Endarterectomy, Carotid

Peripheral Nerve Injuries

Carotid Stenosis

Cranial Nerve Neoplasms

Sciatic Nerve

Treatment Outcome

Facial Nerve Injuries

Optic Nerve Injuries

Facial Nerve

Wounds and Injuries

Peripheral Nerves

Abducens Nerve Diseases

Spinal Nerves

Nerve Crush

Nerve Regeneration

American Heart Association

Vertebral Artery

Missions and Missionaries

Practice Guidelines as Topic

Hospitals, Religious

Avulsion fracture of the anterior half of the foramen magnum involving the bilateral occipital condyles and the inferior clivus--case report. (1/45)

Extracranial carotid artery aneurysms: Texas Heart Institute experience. (2/45)

Cranial and cervical nerve injuries after repeat carotid endarterectomy. (3/45)

Neurological abnormalities associated with CDMA exposure. (4/45)

Redo carotid endarterectomy versus primary carotid endarterectomy. (5/45)

Long-term outcome after severe head injury. (6/45)

Tapia's syndrome following shoulder surgery. (7/45)

Perceptual and instrumental evaluation of voice and tongue function after carotid endarterectomy. (8/45)

Risk of persistent cranial nerve injury after carotid endarterectomy. - Oxford Neuroscience

Cranial Nerve Injuries | REACH

High rate of early restenosis after carotid eversion endarterectomy in homozygous carriers of the normal mannose-binding lectin...

High Rate of Early Restenosis After Carotid Eversion Endarterectomy in Homozygous Carriers of the Normal Mannose-Binding Lectin...

Cranial nerve injuries associated with carotid endarterectomy

Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for retrojugular lymph nodes in the neck | World Journal of Surgical Oncology | Full...

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ICD-10-CM Code S04.891 - Injury of other cranial nerves, right side

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