Cost allocation. Medical search

The assignment, to each of several particular cost-centers, of an equitable proportion of the costs of activities that serve all of them. Cost-center usually refers to institutional departments or services.

System of recording financial transactions.

The actual costs of providing services related to the delivery of health care, including the costs of procedures, therapies, and medications. It is differentiated from HEALTH EXPENDITURES, which refers to the amount of money paid for the services, and from fees, which refers to the amount charged, regardless of cost.

Societal or individual decisions about the equitable distribution of available resources.

Absolute, comparative, or differential costs pertaining to services, institutions, resources, etc., or the analysis and study of these costs.

Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Legally authorized corporations owned and managed by one or more professionals (medical, dental, legal) in which the income is ascribed primarily to the professional activities of the owners or stockholders.

Sexual activities of humans.

Undertaking a task involving a challenge for achievement or a desirable goal in which there is a lack of certainty or a fear of failure. It may also include the exhibiting of certain behaviors whose outcomes may present a risk to the individual or to those associated with him or her.

Sexual attraction or relationship between males.

Development of neutralizing antibodies in individuals who have been exposed to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV/HTLV-III/LAV).

A condition with recurring discomfort or pain in the URINARY BLADDER and the surrounding pelvic region without an identifiable disease. Severity of pain in interstitial cystitis varies greatly and often is accompanied by increased urination frequency and urgency.

Governmental levies on property, inheritance, gifts, etc.

Tax on the net income of an individual, organization, or business.

An Act prohibiting a health plan from establishing lifetime limits or annual limits on the dollar value of benefits for any participant or beneficiary after January 1, 2014. It permits a restricted annual limit for plan years beginning prior to January 1, 2014. It provides that a health plan shall not be prevented from placing annual or lifetime per-beneficiary limits on covered benefits. The Act sets up a competitive health insurance market.

Health insurance plans for employees, and generally including their dependents, usually on a cost-sharing basis with the employer paying a percentage of the premium.

State-provided health insurance marketplaces established under the PATIENT PROTECTION AND AFFORDABLE CARE ACT.

The authorized absence from work of a family member to attend the illness or participate in the care of a parent, a sibling, or other family member. For the care of a parent for a child or for pre- or postnatal leave of a parent, PARENTAL LEAVE is available.

A family of flightless, running BIRDS, in the order Casuariiformes. The emu is the only surviving member of the family. They naturally inhabit forests, open plains, and grasslands in Australia.

Usually organized community efforts to raise money to promote financial programs of institutions. The funds may include individual gifts.

The informal or formal organization of a group of people based on a network of personal relationships which is influenced by the size and composition, etc., of the group.

Private, not-for-profit hospitals that are autonomous, self-established, and self-supported.

Hospitals owned and operated by a corporation or an individual that operate on a for-profit basis, also referred to as investor-owned hospitals.

Accountability and responsibility to another, enforceable by civil or criminal sanctions.

Failure of a professional person, a physician or lawyer, to render proper services through reprehensible ignorance or negligence or through criminal intent, especially when injury or loss follows. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

The science or philosophy of law. Also, the application of the principles of law and justice to health and medicine.

Payment, or other means of making amends, for a wrong or injury.

A method of comparing the cost of a program with its expected benefits in dollars (or other currency). The benefit-to-cost ratio is a measure of total return expected per unit of money spent. This analysis generally excludes consideration of factors that are not measured ultimately in economic terms. Cost effectiveness compares alternative ways to achieve a specific set of results.

Planning for the equitable allocation, apportionment, or distribution of available health resources.

A measurement index derived from a modification of standard life-table procedures and designed to take account of the quality as well as the duration of survival. This index can be used in assessing the outcome of health care procedures or services. (BIOETHICS Thesaurus, 1994)

Statistical models of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, as well as of financial considerations. For the application of statistics to the testing and quantifying of economic theories MODELS, ECONOMETRIC is available.

Available manpower, facilities, revenue, equipment, and supplies to produce requisite health care and services.

Mental health/medical care cost offsets: opportunities for managed care. (1/126)

Health services researchers have long observed that outpatient mental health treatment sometimes leads to a reduction in unnecessary or excessive general medical care expenditures. Such reductions, or cost offsets, have been found following mental health treatment of distressed elderly medical inpatients, some patients as they develop major medical illnesses, primary care outpatients with multiple unexplained somatic complaints, and nonelderly adults with alcoholism. In this paper we argue that managed care has an opportunity to capture these medical care cost savings by training utilization managers to make mental health services more accessible to patients whose excessive use of medical care is related to psychological factors. For financial reasons, such policies are most likely to develop within health care plans that integrate the financing and management of mental health and medical/surgical benefits. (+info)

Follow-up of breast cancer in primary care vs specialist care: results of an economic evaluation. (2/126)

A randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing primary-care-centred follow-up of breast cancer patients with the current standard practice of specialist-centred follow-up showed no increase in delay in diagnosing recurrence, and no increase in anxiety or deterioration in health-related quality of life. An economic evaluation of the two schemes of follow-up was conducted concurrent with the RCT Because the RCT found no difference in the primary clinical outcomes, a cost minimization analysis was conducted. Process measures of the quality of care such as frequency and length of visits were superior in primary care. Costs to patients and to the health service were lower in primary care. There was no difference in total costs of diagnostic tests, with particular tests being performed more frequently in primary care than in specialist care. Data are provided on the average frequency and length of visits, and frequency of diagnostic testing for breast cancer patients during the follow-up period. (+info)

Resource allocation for public hospitals in Andhra Pradesh, India. (3/126)

The composition of the hospital sector has important implications for cost effectiveness accessibility and coverage. The classification of acute general hospitals is reviewed here with particular reference to India and Andhra Pradesh. Approaches to arrive at a norm for allocation of hospital expenditure among secondary and tertiary hospitals are discussed. The actual allocation of public sector hospital expenditures is analyzed with data from Andhra Pradesh. The shift in allocative emphasis away from hospitals and in favour of primary health care during the 1980s was found to have been equally shared by secondary and tertiary hospitals. The shares of recurrent (non-plan) expenditure to secondary and tertiary hospitals were 51% and 49% respectively. This can be compared to a derived norm of 66% and 33%. The opportunity that new investment funds (plan schemes) could have provided to rectify the expenditure bias against secondary level hospitals was missed as two-thirds of plan expenditure were also spent on tertiary level hospitals. The share of secondary hospital bed capacity was 45.5% against India's Planning Commission norm of 70%. Public spending strategies should explicitly consider what mix of hospital services is being financed as well as the balance between hospital and primary health care expenditures. (+info)

Predictors of acute hospital costs for treatment of ischemic stroke in an academic center. (4/126)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We sought to determine predictors of acute hospital costs in patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke to an academic center using a stroke management team to coordinate care. METHODS: Demographic and clinical data were prospectively collected on 191 patients consecutively admitted with acute ischemic stroke. Patients were classified by insurance status, premorbid modified Rankin scale, stroke location, stroke severity (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score), and presence of comorbidities. Detailed hospital charge data were converted to cost by application of department-specific cost-to-charge ratios. Physician's fees were not included. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was computed to determine the predictors of total hospital cost. RESULTS: Median length of stay was 6 days (range, 1 to 63 days), and mortality was 3%. Median hospital cost per discharge was $4408 (range, $1199 to $59 799). Fifty percent of costs were for room charges, 19% for stroke evaluation, 21% for medical management, and 7% for acute rehabilitation therapies. Sixteen percent were admitted to an intensive care unit. Length of stay accounted for 43% of the variance in total cost. Other independent predictors of cost included stroke severity, heparin treatment, atrial fibrillation, male sex, ischemic cardiac disease, and premorbid functional status. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the major predictors of acute hospital costs of stroke in this environment are length of stay, stroke severity, cardiac disease, male sex, and use of heparin. Room charges accounted for the majority of costs, and attempts to reduce the cost of stroke evaluation would be of marginal value. Efforts to reduce acute costs should be monitored for potential cost shifting or a negative impact on quality of care. (+info)

Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for nonmetastatic breast cancer in Canada, and their associated costs. (5/126)

In an era of fiscal restraint, it is important to evaluate the resources required to diagnose and treat serious illnesses. As breast cancer is the major malignancy affecting Canadian women, Statistics Canada has analysed the resources required to manage this disease in Canada, and the associated costs. Here we report the cost of initial diagnosis and treatment of nonmetastatic breast cancer, including adjuvant therapies. Treatment algorithms for Stages I, II, and III of the disease were derived by age group (< 50 or > or = 50 years old), principally from Canadian cancer registry data, supplemented, where necessary, by the results of surveys of Canadian oncologists. Data were obtained on breast cancer incidence by age, diagnostic work-up, stage at diagnosis, initial treatment, follow-up practice, duration of hospitalization and direct care costs. The direct health care costs associated with 'standard' diagnostic and therapeutic approaches were calculated for a cohort of 17,700 Canadian women diagnosed in 1995. Early stage (Stages I and II) breast cancer represented 87% of all incident cases, with 77% of cases occurring in women > or = 50 years. Variations were noted in the rate of partial vs total mastectomy, according to stage and age group. Direct costs for diagnosis and initial treatment ranged from $8014 for Stage II women > or = 50 years old, to $10,897 for Stage III women < 50 years old. Except for Stage III women < 50 years old, the largest expenditure was for hospitalization for surgery, followed by radiotherapy costs. Chemotherapy was the largest cost component for Stage III women < 50 years old. This report describes the cost of diagnosis and initial treatment of nonmetastatic breast cancer in Canada, assuming current practice patterns. A second report will describe the lifetime costs of treating all stages of breast cancer. These data will then be incorporated into Statistics Canada's Population Health Model (POHEM) to perform cost-effectiveness studies of new therapeutic interventions for breast cancer, such as the cost-effectiveness of day surgery, or of radiotherapy to all breast cancer patients undergoing breast surgery. (+info)

Health reform and hospital financing in Georgia. (6/126)

AIM: To analyze hospital financing and delivery of inpatient services, financial requirements of the hospitals, and their ability to meet these requirements were determined. METHODS: Data on financial performance of 41 hospitals were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Patient survey, group discussions with hospital administrators, and interviews with policy-makers were also used. RESULTS: Thirty-three hospitals were unable to recover full costs, and 29 were unable to recover full costs excluding capital consumption cost. Cost recovery rate (CRR) of full costs for 14 hospitals was less than 70% and CRR of full costs minus capital consumption costs was less than 70% for 8 hospitals. Collected actual revenues comprised 75.2% of hospitals' full costs. Mean CRR for the sample was 78.6+25.2%. General and long-term hospitals recover 64.8% of their costs, but pediatric and specialized hospitals collected revenues to cover full costs excluding the capital consumption costs. Medium-sized hospitals recovered only 63. 5% of full costs. The hospitals operated with low efficiency, low occupancy rates (31%), and excessive staffing (1.5 physicians per occupied bed). They employed salary equalization policies, which increased the share of fixed costs, perpetuated the oversupply of medical personnel, and yielded low pays. Hospitals charged in excess of their officially accounted costs but, and due to the low collection rates, cost recovery rates were below the officially accounted costs (87.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Low official reimbursement rates and patient unawareness of official hospital costs creates conducive environment for shifting major turnover of the real hospital costs to the patients, resulting in illegal patients charging. (+info)

Determining the cost of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a decision analytic model. (7/126)

OBJECTIVE: To design a decision analytic model to help determine the costs associated with various treatment regimens for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). STUDY DESIGN: A decision analytic model incorporating Markov processes was developed to calculate clinical and direct economic outcomes for patients with GERD after 2 years of treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We used retrospective data in the Markov model to generate clinical and economic outcomes. The primary data sources were the 1993 MarketScan claims database, the 1992 National Hospital Discharge Survey, and the clinical literature. RESULTS: Patients with mild GERD (17.6% of patients) contributed 37.8% of costs, while those with moderate to severe disease (14.4% of patients) contributed 49.9% of costs. The remaining 12.3% of costs was spent on the 68% of patients with non-GERD diagnoses. The class of drugs with the highest acquisition cost--proton pump inhibitors--had the lowest total cost per case. The high level of efficacy of these drugs may explain this result. Sensitivity testing showed no evidence that our model's results depended heavily on any one probability or cost factor. CONCLUSIONS: This model showed that patients with moderate to severe GERD were the most expensive cases to treat and that proton pump inhibitors resulted in the lowest total cost per case. Further testing and manipulation of the model are required to gain a better understanding of the trade-offs involved in different options for GERD management. (+info)

The costs of hospital services: a case study of Evangelical Lutheran Church hospitals in Tanzania. (8/126)

The health care systems of many developing countries are facing a severe crisis. Problems of financing services leads to high patient fees which make institutions of Western health care unaffordable for the majority of the rural poor. The conflict between sustainability and affordability of the official health care system challenges both local decision-makers and health management consultants. Decisions must be made soon so that the existing health care systems can survive. However, these decisions must be based on sound data, especially on the costs of health care services. The existing accounting systems of most hospitals in developing countries do not provide decision-makers with these data. Costs are generally underestimated. The leadership of the 16 hospitals of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania is currently analyzing how the existing health care services should be restructured. Therefore, reliable estimates of the costs of hospitals services are required. A survey on 'Costing of health services of the Evang. Luth. Church in Tanzania' was prepared, which summarizes the results of seven months of field investigations in Lutheran hospitals. The major findings are that the costs of providing adequate services are much higher than expected. The most important factors determining these costs are the administrative efficiency of the hospital and the scope of services offered. The paper closes with some recommendations on how to improve the services in order to make them both affordable for the rural poor and financially sustainable for the Church. It is concluded that even the best improvement of technical efficiency will not safeguard the survival of the hospital-based health care services of the Lutheran Church in Tanzania. These findings call for a reallocation of health care resources to lower levels of the health care pyramid. (+info)

"Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation. 1 (1): 6. PMC 156025. PMID 12773215.. ... and providing a standard measure of effectiveness for health interventions and cost-effectiveness analysis. PopMod is used as ... makers in the WHO's 14 epidemiological sub-regions around the world with findings on a range of health intervention costs and ... one of the standard tools of the World Health Organization's (WHO) CHOICE (Choosing Interventions that are Cost-Effective) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syndemic

Aggrey Mutambo, and Gaitano Pessa (23 February 2018). "Busia open border reduces cost of doing business, leaves losers sulking ... Commission on Revenue Allocation. December 2011. p. 4. Retrieved 13 April 2019. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busia,_Kenya

Given expected effort, duration, and the labor allocation, how much will the project cost? Defect Calculation. Given product ... Activity and Labor Allocation. How should activities and labor be allocated into the estimate? Cost Calculation. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEER-SEM

... allocation of transferred interests; Central and District Valuation Boards; compensation; payment of costs; time limits, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_Industry_Nationalisation_Act_1946

... usage cost allocation for UNEP and UNEL; cost allocation with APT/GL assignment; revenue allocation; account profitability ( ... cost allocation; and AP integration Margin assurance - supports data file processing; processing retail and wholesale billing ... Service is composed of Reader+, Cost Assurance and Margin Assurance. Reader+ - a data file processing service which deciphers ... costs to revenue reconciliation) "Contact Telecom enhances business intelligence for Blue Casa". Connected Planet. Archived ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contact_Telecom

Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation. 4: 16. doi:10.1186/1478-7547-4-16. PMC 1601969. PMID 17022815. Hessel, FP; Bramlage ... Nevertheless, cost and donor scarcity have prompted researchers to look for new supportive treatments that can act as "bridge" ... Porcine hepatocytes are often used due to ease of acquisition and cost; however, they are relatively unstable and carry the ... Primary human hepatocytes sourced from donor organs are the most suitable for use but present several problems in their cost ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_support_system

... resource allocation and decision modeling; cost/benefit analysis; statistical methods; and various applications to specific ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_of_Public_Policy

Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation. 7 (1): 13. doi:10.1186/1478-7547-7-13. PMC 2724492. PMID 19615069. S2CID 542551. ... Studies that implicate survival with Anti-retroviral Therapies (ART) and cost-effectiveness analysis of the treatment were done ... Bikilla, Asfaw; Jerene, Degu; Robberstad, Bjarne; Lindtjørn, Bernt (2009). "Cost-effectiveness of anti-retroviral therapy at a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arba_Minch_General_Hospital

Principle 5: Full cost allocation. All of the internal and external costs and benefits, including social and ecological, of ... When appropriate, markets should be adjusted to reflect full costs. Principle 6: Participation. All stakeholders should be ... internalize costs and benefits. Appropriate scales of governance will be those that have the most relevant information, can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisbon_Principles

Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation. 10: 4. doi:10.1186/1478-7547-10-4. PMC 3323427. PMID 22429892. Arinaitwe, Emmanuel ... This localized treatment program was found to cut the cost of treating a malnourished child in half. In Uganda the IFPRI ... A study in Ethiopia to test cost effectiveness of two different methods of treating malnutrition in children was done by ... www.ifpri.org Tekeste, Asayehegn; Mekitie Wondafrash; Girma Azene; Kebede Deribe (March 19, 2012). "Cost effectiveness of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Food_Policy_Research_Institute

Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation. 2 (1): 4. doi:10.1186/1478-7547-2-4. PMC 449736. PMID 15210053. Jason LA, Corradi K ... Direct healthcare costs are estimated at between $9 and $14 billion annually in the U.S. alone. Cognitive dysfunction is one of ... A 2008 study calculated that the total annual cost burden of ME/CFS to society in the US was extensive, and could approach $ ... This is comparable to other chronic illnesses that extract some of the biggest medical and socioeconomic costs. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_fatigue_syndrome

In a paper in 1979 called Bandit Processes and Dynamic Allocation Indices John C. Gittins suggests a solution for problems such ... Mitten L (1960). "An Analytic Solution to the Least Cost Testing Sequence Problem". Journal of Industrial Engineering. 11 (1): ... ISBN 978-0-412-24810-8.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Gittins, J.C. (1989). Multi-armed bandit allocation ... Gittins, J. C. (1979). "Bandit Processes and Dynamic Allocation Indices". Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gittins_index

These include: cross-border mismatches, insurance payments and interest exemptions; interest cost allocation for finance ... Fuel costs may be claimed if the taxpayer has borne the full cost of the fuel used in the vehicle. Maintenance costs may be ... When goods are imported ad valorem taxes are imposed on the cost of the goods. VAT is then applied to the total of the cost of ... Further relief is available for cost of licence, insurance, maintenance, fuel for private travel if the full cost of these ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxation_in_South_Africa

It is supported by the newly created French Agence de l'innovation industrielle (AII). Total cost of the project: 98 million ... Allocation from AII: 38 million euros. Leader : Alcatel. v t e. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TVMSL

Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation. 1 (1): 8. doi:10.1186/1478-7547-1-8. PMC 320499. PMID 14687420. Edejer, Tessa Tan- ... CostIt (Costing Intervention Templates) is a software for the recording and analysis of cost data. It is not a data-collection ... For instance, transition costs are not modeled separately. The ranking of interventions by cost-effectiveness could be fairly ... It was one of the earliest projects to perform sectoral cost-effectiveness analyses (i.e., cost-effectiveness analyses that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHO-CHOICE

"Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of Pakistan". Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of Pakistan. Retrieved ... "Frequency Allocation Board". Frequency Allocation Board. Retrieved 19 December 2015. "Institute of Bankers Pakistan". Institute ... Board Gazette of Pakistan Institute of Bankers Pakistan Institute of Chartered Accountants of Pakistan Institute of Cost and ... of Pakistan Export-Import Bank of Pakistan Federal Ombudsman of Pakistan Federal Judicial Academy Frequency Allocation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_federal_agencies_of_Pakistan

"Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E. 2 (1): 4. doi:10.1186/1478-7547-2-4. PMC 449736 . PMID 15210053.. CS1 maint: ... Loss of economic production and costs due to CFS are estimated at between $18 and $51 billion a year in the U.S.[38] Direct ... calculated that the total annual cost burden of ME/CFS to society in the US was extensive, and could approach $24.0 billion.[ ... This is comparable to other chronic illnesses that extract some of the biggest medical and socioeconomic costs.[130] A 2008 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathophysiology_of_chronic_fatigue_syndrome

The opportunity cost of time affects the cost of home-produced substitutes and therefore demand for commercial goods and ... Becker, Gary S. (1965). "A Theory of the Allocation of Time". Economic Journal. 75 (299): 493-517. doi:10.2307/2228949. JSTOR ... which aimed to minimize the sum of the costs of decision making and the costs of error. In addition, Bounded willpower refers ... Or to minimalize cost while getting the target level of utility. A special case of this is the consumption-leisure model where ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumption_(economics)

... future free cash flow in year t from Cost Control CFRA,t = future free cash flow in year t from Resource Allocation CFSHE,t = ... Total accumulated consequence costs (both clean-up costs and loss of company value) are estimated on 12 billion. Even though ... Controlling maintenance costs is called "Cost Control" in VDM. Finally, maintenance can create value through the smarter ... The maintenance budget consists mainly of wage and training costs of technicians, managers and indirect personnel, the costs of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value-driven_maintenance

Each point on a social utility frontier represents an efficient allocation of an economy's resources; that is, it is a Pareto ... Long run declining average costs in a natural monopoly. Taxes and tariffs. Government restrictions on prices and quantities ... Factor allocation inefficiencies in production theory basics. Externalities. Asymmetric information, including principal-agent ... We cannot reduce production cost by reallocating production between two producers. The marginal rates of substitution in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welfare_economics

Cost Allocation in Regulated Industries, Public Finance Foundation, CRI Regulatory Brief No. 3. Mills, Roger W., Kennedy, ... Cost allocation within telecommunications - a major research project jointly funded by the Office of Telecommunications (Oftel ... Cost Allocation and Regulatory Pricing in Telecommunications; A UK case study. Telecommunications Policy, December, pp 505-520 ... The use of cost accounting information in pricing decisions within UK manufacturing and service companies, 1986. Peter J. Clark ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_W._Mills

High-cost treatments are out of financial reach for some couples.. *Debate over whether health insurance companies (e.g. in the ... Allocation of medical resources that could be used elsewhere. *The legal status of embryos fertilized in vitro and not ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infertility

Allocation of resources influences the cost and success of the program. Infrastructure might cover offices, version control, ... Track basic costs together with wider costs of administering the program and also the costs of change and transition to achieve ... In this second view, the point of having a program is to exploit economies of scale and to reduce coordination costs and risks ... shorter waiting lists at the hospital or reduced operating costs due to improved technology. The other view[6] is that a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Program_management

Christie, S; Schrater, Paul (2015). "Cognitive cost as dynamic allocation of energetic resources". Frontiers in Neuroscience. 9 ... Sending huge numbers of e-mail messages costs spammers very little, since the costs of e-mail messages are spread out over the ... The cost of these rights could vary according to the person who is interrupted: interrupt rights for the CEO of a Fortune 500 ... Since the cost to transmit advertising to consumers has become sufficiently low given that more ads can be transmitted to a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attention_economy

The monopolies can set the price above the marginal cost of the production. In this case, the allocation is not efficient. It ... When the price equals marginal cost of production, the allocation efficiency is at the output level. This is because the ... Resource allocation efficiency includes two aspects. At the macro aspect, it is the allocation efficiency of social resources, ... Allocation efficiency is used to determine the efficiency of resource allocation in the capital market. In a perfectly ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allocative_efficiency

A BMS is a means of managing bridge information to formulate maintenance programs within cost limitations. A BMS includes four ... optimizing the allocation of financial resources, and increasing the safety of bridge users. The major tasks in bridge ... basic components: data storage, cost and deterioration models, optimization and analysis models, and updating functions. & ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_management_system

2004 C.M. Eising: Mother knows best? Costs and benefits of differential hormone allocation in birds. 2004 W. Müller: Maternal ... 2006 P. Korsten: Avian sex allocation and ornamental coloration. A study on blue tits. 2007 C. Schmidt-Wellenburg: Costs of ... 2000 I.R. Pen: Sex allocation in a life history context. (cum laude) 2001 R.A. Hut: Natural entrainment of circadian systems. A ... 2004 N.B. Baron von Engelhardt: Proximate control in avian sex allocation - a study in zebra finches. 2005 M. Rüger: Lighting ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serge_Daan

... (1977). On the fair and efficient allocation of indivisible commodities. Cornell University. OCLC ... Richard Engelbrecht-Wiggans; Flavio M. Menezes (1993). Sequential auctions with continuation costs. Australian National ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Engelbrecht-Wiggans

"Contracts for Difference (CFD) Allocation Round One Outcome" (PDF). UK Government. "Comparing the cost of electricity ... It is not the same as the Levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) which is a first order estimate of the average cost the producer ... For comparison, CCGT (combined cycle gas turbine) without carbon capture or carbon costs had an estimated cost in 2020 of 4.7p/ ... Solar power use has increased very rapidly in recent years, albeit from a small base, as a result of reductions in the cost of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_United_Kingdom

With allocation moving married same-sex couples to the unmarried partner category, social scientists lost information that ... then filed another lawsuit alleging that the statistical methods used in computing the state populations were improper and cost ... This automatic software data compiling method, called allocation, was designed to counteract mistakes and discrepancies in ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Census,_2000

JEL: J3 - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs JEL: J30 - Geral. JEL: J31 - Wage Level and Structure; Wage differentials by ... JEL: J2 - Time Allocation, Work Behavior, e Employment Determinação e Creação; Capital humano ... JEL: J32 - Nonwage labor costs and Benefits; Private pensions. JEL: J33 - Compensation Packages; Payment Methods. JEL: J38 - ... JEL: Q52 - Pollution Control Costs; Distributional Effects; Employment Effects. JEL: Q53 - Air Pollution; Water Pollution; ...

https://pt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Códigos_de_classificação_JEL

Government allocation for health care was around 5.8% of the budget for 2009. In 2012, the Nepalese government decided to ... The poor and excluded have limited access to basic health care due to its high costs and low availability. The demand for ... Government allocations for health were around 5.1 percent of the budget for fiscal year 2004, and foreign donors provided ... Immunization services can be obtained at free of cost from EPI clinics in hospitals, other health centers, mobile and outreach ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_in_Nepal

March 2013). "Cost-effectiveness of Single-Use Technologies for Commercial Cell Therapy Manufacture". Am. Pharm. Rev.: 40. ISSN ... chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy with the intention of eradicating the patient's malignant cell population at the cost ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_Marrow_Transplant

... the premium/discount between WTI and Brent crude must reflect oil tanker freight costs. Oil tanker freight cost rates could be ... Under the previous US Emergency Petroleum Allocation Act of 1973, WTI crude oil traded under a variety of spot prices split ... These roll costs could be viewed as compensation, purchased virtual storage, or an indirect subsidy for storage owners to ... Contango imposes a roll cost on investors who must roll futures contracts, as they must pay a relatively higher price for those ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Texas_Intermediate

Opportunity costs are not restricted to monetary or financial costs but could be measured by the real cost of output forgone, ... Theory and observation set out the conditions such that market prices of outputs and productive inputs select an allocation of ... an example of a real opportunity cost. Thus, if one more Gun costs 100 units of butter, the opportunity cost of one Gun is 100 ... Opportunity cost is the economic cost of production: the value of the next best opportunity foregone. Choices must be made ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economics

... and the high costs of surgery, rehabilitation and immunosuppression.[20] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand_transplantation

Some lobbyists are now using social media to reduce the cost of traditional campaigns, and to more precisely target public ... bias in the allocation of advertising spending during Berlusconi's political tenure, in particular for companies operating in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobbyist

"Mustard Hybrids for Low-Cost Biofuels and Organic Pesticides" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 July 2011. ... Bioethers (also referred to as fuel ethers or oxygenated fuels) are cost-effective compounds that act as octane rating ... Other industries have also installed wood waste fueled boilers and dryers in areas with low-cost fuel.[63] ... In the next few years, the cost data of these technologies operating at commercial scale, and their relative performance, will ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuels

For cost reasons, LDL values have long been estimated using the Friedewald formula: [total cholesterol] − [total HDL] − 20% of ... how the SREBP pathway regulates expression of many genes that control lipid formation and metabolism and body fuel allocation. ...

https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/කොලෙස්ටරෝල්

Total program costs for 'Achieving Peace and Security' were $7.0 billion; 'Governing Justly and Democratically', $0.9 billion ... The principal adviser to the Secretary and Deputy Secretary on matters relating to the allocation and use of Department's ... showed actual total costs for the year of $27.4 billion.[44] Revenues of $6.0 billion, $2.8 billion of which were earned ... Executive Direction and Other Costs Not Assigned', $4.2 billion.[44] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_State_Department

Since the transaction cost that could have been due to the procedure was equal in the induced-value and goods markets, ... The effect of losses on the allocation of attention according to the loss attention account. ... The first two alternative explanations-that under-trading was due to transaction costs or misunderstanding-were tested by ... "the allocation of resources will be independent of the assignment of property rights when costless trades are possible" (p. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loss_aversion

According to the historian Mary-Ellen Kelm, "inadequate reserve allocations, restrictions on the food fishery, overhunting, and ... cut rations to indigenous people in an attempt to reduce government costs. Between 1880 and 1885, approximately 3,000 ... resources in exchange for an allocation of $3.5 billion to be given to the government of the Cree Nation. Later, the Inuit of ...

https://ta.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/சிறப்பு:MobileDiff/3207153

... taking into account costs and uncertainties? ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avoiding_dangerous_climate_change

That is, the cost to the employer in increased taxes is less than the benefits that would be paid to the employee upon layoff. ... in French) http://www.pole-emploi.fr/candidat/le-montant-de-votre-allocation[email protected]/suarticle.jspz?id=4125 ... FUTA covers the costs of administering the Unemployment Insurance and Job Service programs in all states. In addition, FUTA ... A person receiving Hartz IV benefits is paid 404 EUR (2016) a month for living expenses plus the cost of adequate housing ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unemployment_insurance

Act 1 included 10 exceptions, including: increasing pension costs, increases in special education costs, a catastrophe like a ... of increase each school district receives is determined by the Governor and the Secretary of Education through the allocation ... At no cost to the parents, these services are provided in compliance with state and federal law; and are reasonably calculated ... When adjusted for cost of living Pennsylvania ranked fourth in the nation for teacher compensation.[39] Additionally, the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karns_City_Area_School_District

There have been complaints about high transaction cost for this scheme due to insurance intermediaries. RSBY does not take into ... established from the history of industrialised countries and it should have high priority in health related resource allocation ... Sutherland, T; DM Bishai (2008). "Cost-Effectiveness Of Misoprostol And Prenatal Iron Supplementation As Maternal Mortality ... This has also incentivised unnecessary treatment which in due course will increase costs and premiums. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_in_India

While green issues are a primary driver in 10% of current data center outsourcing and hosting initiatives, cost reductions ... enabling the allocation of resources in line with demand from business processes. This is achieved by using server ... Virtualized applications can reduce the cost of testing, packaging and supporting an application by 60%, and they reduced ... Source: Gartner - "Green IT Services as a Catalyst for Cost Optimization." / Kurt Potter / 4 December 2008 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_infrastructure

This can be expressed in evaluation of others, in allocation of resources, and in many other ways.[1][2] ... and thus bore the majority of the costs of conflicts in terms of injury or death, evolution may have favoured a greater ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-group–out-group_bias

141.0 141.1 Bell C, Devarajan S, Gersbach H (2003) (PDF). The long-run economic costs of AIDS: theory and an application to ... 60.0 60.1 Kumaranayake L, Watts C (2001). "Resource allocation and priority setting of HIV/AIDS interventions: addressing the ...

https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/எய்ட்சு

As the 1980s began, HDDs were a rare and very expensive additional feature in PCs, but by the late 1980s their cost had been ... Examples of data structures stored on disk to retrieve files include the File Allocation Table (FAT) in the DOS file system and ... Features such as biometric security or multiple interfaces (for example, Firewire) are available at a higher cost.[129] There ... This greatly reduced the cost of the head actuator mechanism, but precluded removing just the disks from the drive as was done ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk_drive

Lewis has aided more than 250 Inland projects with allocations ranging from $81,000 to help move the Big Bear Zoo to nearly $ ... Its partners kept the revenue they collected from their clients less overhead costs, which were divided among them based on the ... The group stayed two nights at one of La Jolla's most prestigious resort hotels; Lewis' suite cost $700 a night. ... the cost) will be returned many times over in federal funds received."[14] The initial contract in January 2000[50] was for $ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Lewis_-_Lowery_lobbying_firm_controversy

Average-cost pricing is not perfect. Regulators must estimate average costs. Companies have a reduced incentive to lower costs ... on the Functioning of the European Union which aims at enhancing the consumer's welfare and also the efficiency of allocation ... Finally, if long-term average cost is constantly decreasing[clarification needed], the least cost method to provide a good or ... The cost functions are the same.[15] Both monopolies and perfectly competitive (PC) companies minimize cost and maximize profit ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopoly

In an effort to cut costs, the pharmaceutical industry has turned to the use of private, nonacademic research groups (i.e., ... Self-Organized Funding Allocation. *Industry funding of academic research. References[edit]. *^ OECD Science, Technology and ... "High cost of bias: Diminishing marginal returns on NIH grant funding to institutions". bioRxiv: 367847. doi:10.1101/367847 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_funding

Another concern is the environmental impact of such projects as well the high costs, as well some projects going over budget, ... The conflict associates to issues regarding the allocation of resources between mainlanders and Hong Kong people in different ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong–Mainland_China_conflict

Gerard went on to assure recipients of the memo that API will cover all organizational costs and handling of logistics. In ... Committee on Production Measurement & Allocation. *Committee on Measurement Education & Training[11]. API also defines the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Petroleum_Institute

The construction was carried out by Messrs Turners of Watford, and total construction costs were £8,637.[106][108][nb 2] Nearly ... Provision was made for the allocation of scholarships to the value of the tuition fees for one in every ten boys in the school ... Although not first used until two years later, a swimming pool was constructed in 1964 at the cost of £9,000.[37] Taylor also ... In June of that year, a shed to house cricket equipment was constructed at the cost of £13/10s. It was soon decided that there ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Judd_School

It allows for efficient allocation of tasks between the individual Tor-M1 crews and allows each TLAR to be linked into a wider ... Unit cost. US$ 25 million[citation needed]. Produced. 1983-present. Variants. Tor, Tor-M1, Tor-M2, Tor-M1-2U. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor_missile_system

For example, the price of bread, a traditional staple of the Russian diet, was below the cost of the wheat used to produce it. ... Loan and deposit rates at or below the inflation rate inhibit the growth of the banking system and make the allocation of ... Adjusted by a purchasing-power parity formula to account for the lower cost of living in Russia, the 1994 Russian GDP was about ... In some cases, farmers fed their livestock bread rather than grain because bread cost less. In another example, rental fees for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_Russian_Federation

"Aid allocation and poverty reduction". European Economic Review. 46: 1475-1500. doi:10.1016/S0014-2921(01)00187-8.. ... In 2009 for sub-Saharan Africa, food bought locally by the WFP cost 34 percent less and arrived 100 days faster than food sent ... One of the problems in foreign aid allocation is the marginalization of the fragile state. The fragile state, with its high ... Dollar/Collier showed that current allocations of aid are allocated inefficiently. They came to the conclusion that aid money ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aid

... the RAND Corporation developed a mathematical model of the cost of a wide variety of HIV prevention interventions. ... Cost-Effective Allocation of Government Funds for Preventing HIV. by Deborah A. Cohen, Shin-Yi Wu, Thomas Farley ... Cohen, Deborah A., Shin-Yi Wu, and Thomas Farley, Cost-Effective Allocation of Government Funds for Preventing HIV, Santa ... Cost-effective Allocation of Government Funds to Prevent HIV Infection. Jun 30, 2005 ...

https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9132.html

Rio Grande Medical Center Cost Allocation Concepts HCM 681 Introduction to the Financial Management of Healthcare Organizations ... since the facility would be paid off and should have only minimal allocating facility costs such as opportunity costs and costs ... More about Rio Grande Medical Center Cost Allocation Concepts Essay. *. Racism and Ethnic Discrimination. 44667 Words , 179 ... The current system of facility allocation assigns equal opportunity cost across all activities and services and avoids the ...

https://www.bartleby.com/essay/Rio-Grande-Medical-Center-Cost-Allocation-Concepts-FKJFBFFJVJ

State cost allocation agreements or plans may continue to allocate to FMNP all allowable costs that benefit the FMNP. ... MEETING COST ALLOCATION CHALLENGES. The lists of allowable and unallowable WIC costs contained in this memorandum are not ... EXCEPTIONS FOR SHARED STAFF COMPENSATION COSTS. As a general rule, the WIC Cost Allocation Guide requires staff working on ... The guidelines in this memorandum provide a framework for allocating FMNP costs in accordance with established cost allocation ...

https://www.fns.usda.gov/wic-fmnp-cost-allocation

Baldenius, Tim and Dutta, Sunil and Reichelstein, Stefan J., Cost Allocation for Capital Budgeting Decisions (September 2006). ... the central office ties the project acceptance decision to a system of cost allocations comprised of depreciation and capital ... We find that this hurdle rate deviates from the firms cost of capital in a manner that depends crucially on whether the ...

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=938509

IRS releases final regulations on allocation of inventory costs November 21, 2018 .st0{clip-path:url(#SVGID_2_);fill:none; ... Alternatively, taxpayers may also use one of the simplified methods to allocate costs between ending inventory and cost of ... Redefine how certain types of costs are categorized for the simplified methods of determining the additional Section 263A costs ... Generally, taxpayers must capitalize most costs that are capitalized for book purposes plus certain additional costs like ...

https://www.grantthornton.com/library/alerts/tax/2018/Flash/IRS-releases-final-regulations-allocation-inventory-costs.aspx

Cost allocation is a process of providing relief to shared service organizations cost centers that provide a product or ... One way to contain costs is to implement a cost allocation methodology, where your business units become directly accountable ... By correctly defining and allocating costs, true cost of service can be fully captured. Direct costs - are those that can be ... An effective cost allocation methodology enables an organization to identify what services are being provided and what they ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_allocation

2. Cost allocation methods in cooperative transportation planning. Open this publication in new window or tab ,,Cost allocation ... Lexicography is used to rank potential cost allocations and the unambiguously best cost allocation is chosen. ... Fair cost allocations are important for establishing and maintaining cost-efficient cooperation among competing stakeholders. ... for fair cost allocations and the problem associated with the decision process for allocating costs is referred to as the cost ...

http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1241719

by Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal; Business Allocation (Accounting) Analysis Inventories Accounting and ... A survey of inventory holding cost assessment and safety stock allocation. ... Inventory Holding Cost (Price, Quantity) = Cost(Price) + Cost(Quantity) This quantity cost would include the allocations from ... Cost of capital (opportunity cost) is the main component of holding cost that considers the item cost. In fact, the calculation ...

https://www.thefreelibrary.com/A+survey+of+inventory+holding+cost+assessment+and+safety+stock+...-a0182468625

The insidious cost of allocations. time to read 5 min , 835 words ... In particular, allocations require some CPU cost immediately, but the .NET framework is pretty good about keeping that small. ... The true cost of allocations happen when you need to release that memory. GC, compactions, multiple generations, etc. ... The problems with allocations is that they can be pretty well hidden, here are a code sample with hidden allocations:. var ...

https://ayende.com/blog/171905/the-insidious-cost-of-allocations?Key=52740dd6-ec7b-4f4e-b3ac-f032779302b4

Governor Cuomo Announces 150 Jobs Supported by Low-Cost Hydropower Allocation at Trinity Packaging Corp.. TOP Governor Cuomo ... Board of Trustees has approved an allocation of low-cost hydropower to Trinity Packaging Corp. of Cheektowaga for a planned $ ... The power allocation will be drawn from a block of hydropower, known as Replacement Power, from NYPAs Niagara Power Project. It ... Low-cost power from NYPAs Niagara Hydroelectric Power Project proved to be the tipping point in ensuring that another critical ...

https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-announces-150-jobs-supported-low-cost-hydropower-allocation-trinity-packaging

Dynamics and allocation of transaction cost in multiagent industrial symbiosis. Dynamics and allocation of transaction cost in ... Yazdanpanah, Vahid, Yazan, Devrim Murat and Zijm, W. Henk M. (2020) Dynamics and allocation of transaction cost in multiagent ... We see such a cost as a collective transaction cost and employ an integrated method rooted in cooperative game theory and ... We see such a cost as a collective transaction cost and employ an integrated method rooted in cooperative game theory and ...

https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/444652/

The cost allocation methodology used should be rational and systematic, it should result in an allocation of joint costs that ... If the joint cost criteria are not met, all costs of the joint activity should be reported as fundraising costs, including ... If the joint cost criteria of purpose, audience and content are met, the costs of a joint activity should be classified as ... Costs of goods or services provided in exchange transactions that are part of joint activities, such as costs of direct donor ...

https://www.mlrpc.com/articles/not-for-profit-refresher-joint-cost-allocation-requirements/

Weekend reading: Costs trump the best asset allocation decisions. by The Investor on March 7, 2015 ... FWIW, I consider my Zopa loan portfolio part of my cash allocation rather than my bond allocation. I wonder if I am I deluded? ... Secondly, some allocations are much more of a rollercoaster ride than others - look at the huge plunge in the winning red line ... On asset allocation, currently I run separate ISA and SIPP portfolios, but while index linked gilt ETFs have served well in ...

https://monevator.com/costs-trump-the-best-asset-allocation-decisions/

1 Answer to Alternative methods of joint-cost allocation, product-mix decisions. The Southern Oil Company buys crude vegetable ... Home» Questions » Accounting » Cost Management » Cost Concept » Alternative methods of joint-cost allocation ... Alternative methods of joint-cost allocation 1 answer below » Alternative methods of joint-cost allocation, product-mix ... to the nearest dollar) if using Activity Based Costing? (20 points ) Hint: Allocate the two cost pools (administrative costs ...

https://www.transtutors.com/questions/alternative-methods-of-joint-cost-allocation-267525.htm

However, the cost-effectiveness of incorporating CAC into treatment decision rules has yet to be clearly delineated. Objective ... To model the cost-effectiveness of CAC for cardiovascular risk stratification in asymptomatic, intermediate risk patients not ... While highlighting that CAC testing permits more efficient allocation of pharmacotherapy, by requiring statin use in fewer ... A mean CAC scanning cost of $100 and a mean statin cost of $180 is assumed in both plots (indirect costs and costs associated ...

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0116377

At each stage, we compared the leaf construction costs (CC), payback time (PBT), leaf area based N content (NA), maximum CO2 ... Thus, the dominant species are able to decrease the allocation of the photosynthetic N fraction to carboxylation and ... Thus, the dominant species are able to decrease the allocation of the photosynthetic N fraction to carboxylation and ... At each stage, we compared the leaf construction costs (CC), payback time (PBT), leaf area based N content (NA), maximum CO2 ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2018.00117/full

Kahn, A T; Jennions, Michael D; Kokko, Hanna (2015). Sex allocation, juvenile mortality, and the costs imposed by offspring on ... Sex allocation, juvenile mortality, and the costs imposed by offspring on parents and siblings ... This is the accepted version of the following article: Kahn, A. T., Jennions, M. D. and Kokko, H. (2015), Sex allocation, ... We also show that differences in early mortality overcome biased sex allocation such that the sex ratio at independence is ...

https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/104928/

We also compare the American and English rules of cost allocation when legal costs are endogenously determined. ... A Cooperative Game Approach to Patent Litigation, Settlement, and Allocation of Legal Costs. Aoki, Reiko ; Hu, Jin ... A Cooperative Game Approach to Patent Litigation, Settlement, and Allocation of Legal Costs. ResearchSpace Repository. Login ... the transfer payment from the defendant to the plaintiff is increasing in its own legal cost and decreasing in that of the ...

https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/handle/2292/216

Recommendations for a cost-offset model of psychotherapy allocation using generalized anxiety disorder as an example. In: ... Recommendations for a cost-offset model of psychotherapy allocation using generalized anxiety disorder as an example. / Newman ... Recommendations for a cost-offset model of psychotherapy allocation using generalized anxiety disorder as an example. Journal ... Recommendations for a cost-offset model of psychotherapy allocation using generalized anxiety disorder as an example. ...

https://pennstate.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/recommendations-for-a-cost-offset-model-of-psychotherapy-allocati

Hospital perioperative variable costs were classified as equaling direct nursing labor costs, implant costs, and everything ... We classified hospital perioperative variable costs as equaling direct nursing labor costs, implant costs, and everything else ... We classified hospital perioperative variable costs as equaling direct nursing labor costs, implant costs, and everything else ... We classified hospital perioperative variable costs as equaling direct nursing labor costs, implant costs, and everything else ...

http://anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org/article.aspx?articleid=1944456

Home , Blogs , Construction + Engineering Law , Serving Rough Justice: Assessing Remediation Costs and Liability Allocation ... The costs sought by the plaintiffs were denied not because the categories of costs were inherently unrecoverable as remediation ... Serving Rough Justice: Assessing Remediation Costs and Liability Allocation pursuant to the British Columbia Environmental ... Only the cost of bringing a site into compliance with the requirements of the EMA were held to be recoverable in a cost ...

https://www.ahbl.ca/serving-rough-justice-assessing-remediation-costs-and-liability-allocation-pursuant-to-the-british-columbia-environmental-management-act/

Cost allocation example (2) - cost re-allocation 11:17. Sample Cost Allocation Plan [Grantee Name] Cost Allocation Plan ... Indirect Materials Cost 10. Welcome to the SAP cost allocation tutorial. Cost allocation example (3) - cost allocation rates 10 ... Cost allocation is the assigning of a cost to several cost objects such as products or departments. The cost allocation is ... Cost allocation example (1) - initial cost allocation 13:30. Enter a cost type to define which cost types will be allocated in ...

https://wikimedia.org.ng/i-hate-lhntbu/75e3af-cost-allocation-examples

... that empowers business users with the insight and flexibility needed to discover many dimensions of profitability and cost and ... Discover how Oracle Profitability and Cost Management Cloud is a complete solution ... shared service allocations, profitability by product/customer/channel, cost transparency, and operational transfer pricing. ... Discover Drivers of Cost and Profit. Maximize profit potential and gain control of costs by understanding the root cause of ...

https://www.oracle.com/sg/applications/performance-management/products/profitability-cost-management.html

Cost Allocation:. Plot Summary:. Haruka (Narumi Uno) is a rookie physical therapist at a rehabilitation hospital in Japan. She ... the pledger can on condition that the expenses including transportation cost and accommodation cost is borne by the pledger. ... which costs around $1,500 in total. The deadline to submit films to the festival is February 28th, so if we can raise the money ...

https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/risatoyama/sticks-and-stones-film-about-a-rookie-physical-the?ref=section-homepage-projectcollection-staff-picks-newest

IBM Tivoli Advanced Allocation Management is a storage management tool for IBM z/OS that helps avoid processing interruptions ... SMF cost-saving reporting utility. Evaluate potential cost savings by generating a projected savings report using a System ... Set allocation attributes that are not specified, or override sub-standard attributes. Control allocation attributes such as ... You can recover from secondary allocation space failures by reducing the allocation amount to a value that is consistent with ...

https://www.ibm.com/au-en/marketplace/tivoli-advanced-allocation-management/details

... cost accounting scheme by assessing its resource allocation at hospital level and its tariff calculation at national level. ... cost-center accounting; and (3) patient-level costing. Second, the paper reviews and assesses the three steps in G-DRG national ... First, the paper reviews and assesses the three steps in the G-DRG resource allocation scheme at hospital level: (1) the ... Cost-centers and cost categories are merged to the cost-center groups and cost category groups shown in the cost-matrix. Costs ...

https://healtheconomicsreview.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2191-1991-2-15

Prices based on short-run marginal costs and long-run incremental costs promote efficient production. However, the revenue ... Resource Allocation. 4189 Words , 17 Pages. and the rationale for public intervention. * Marginal utility and cost ... fully-allocated costs cover all costs. Despite this, there is increasing emphasis on using long-run incremental costs for cost- ... Long-run incremental costs cover a greater portion of total costs than marginal costs, and incorporate dynamic elements such as ...

https://www.bartleby.com/essay/Advantages-Of-Long-Run-Incremental-Cost-PJC4QNQPJG

The scope of costs in alcohol studies: Cost-of-illness studies differ from economic evaluations Paul F van Gils, Heleen H ... Cost and cost effectiveness of long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets - a model-based analysis Anni-Maria Pulkki-Br？nnstr？m, ... Insomnia - treatment pathways, costs and quality of life Guy W Scott, Helen M Scott, Karyn M OKeeffe, Philippa H Gander ... Cost analyses of obesity in Canada: scope, quality, and implications Bach Xuan Tran, Amrita V Nair, Stefan Kuhle, Arto Ohinmaa, ...

http://oalib.net/journal/655/1

Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation accepts manuscripts on all aspects of cost-effectiveness analysis. This includes ... Resource allocation in decision support frameworks Cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis place limits on the dimensions ... The allocation of resources in the care for patients with panic disorder in Germany: an excess cost analysis informing policy ... The Correction to this article has been published in Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation 2019 17:3 ...

https://resource-allocation.biomedcentral.com/articles?tab=keyword

Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation accepts manuscripts on all aspects of cost-effectiveness analysis. This includes ... The cost of antiretroviral therapy in Haiti We determined direct medical costs, overhead costs, societal costs, and personnel ... To generate these estimates knowledge of costs and cost structures is required. The evidence base for costs of HIV preve... ... Methods for analyzing cost effectiveness data from cluster randomized trials Measurement of individuals costs and outcomes in ...

https://resource-allocation.biomedcentral.com/articles?searchType=journalSearch&sort=PubDate&page=7

6. Community Technical College desires to use Activity Based Costing to allocate its administrative. (transtutors.com)
to the nearest dollar) if using Activity Based Costing? (transtutors.com)
ABSTRACT: Cost allocation for health care professionals can be an enigma, but activity-based costing allocates expenses incurred through providing goods and services to the consumer, and it can shed light on inefficiencies across the supply chain and unlock excess capacity. (org.ng)
The G-DRG cost accounting scheme shows high system quality in resource allocation at hospital level, with limitations concerning a managerially relevant full cost approach and limitations in terms of advanced activity-based costing at patient-level. (biomedcentral.com)
Activity-based costing (ABC) is a costing model that identifies activities in an organization and assigns the cost of each activity resource to all products and services according to the actual consumption by each: it assigns more indirect costs (overhead) into direct costs. (slideshare.net)
2. International, now known simply as CAM-I, provided a formative role for studying and formalizing the principles that have become more formally known as Activity-Based Costing. (slideshare.net)
Activity Based Costing & The NHS Financial Analysis - (MN2007) Assignment 2 1. (markedbyteachers.com)
It is difficult to assume which allocation approach the hospitals have used, but I am going to describe the Traditional Costing approach and the Activity Based Costing approach, which I will describe in more detail. (markedbyteachers.com)
2. The Definition of Activity Based Costing Activity Based Costing (ABC) is a 'costing method' (Fleming & McKinstry, 1998: 216), which recognises that costs are incurred by the activities, which take place within the organisation, and for each activity a cost driver may be identified. (markedbyteachers.com)

One way to contain costs is to implement a cost allocation methodology, where your business units become directly accountable for the services they consume. (wikipedia.org)
An effective cost allocation methodology enables an organization to identify what services are being provided and what they cost, to allocate costs to business units, and to manage cost recovery. (wikipedia.org)
The cost allocation methodology used should be rational and systematic, it should result in an allocation of joint costs that is reasonable, and it should be applied consistently given similar facts and circumstances. (mlrpc.com)
EPA developed a complex methodology for allocating these costs among all of the activities accomplished during a year. (epa.gov)
In a business organization, the ABC methodology assigns an organization's resource costs through activities to the products and services provided to its customers. (slideshare.net)

Because general overhead is allocated on department patient service revenue the record in the system increases the general overhead allocation of the Dialysis Center. (bartleby.com)
According to the Office of Management and Budget's (OMB) Uniform Guidance, there are only three types of costs - Indirect, Indirect-Admin (Overhead) and Direct. (wikipedia.org)
Indirect-Admin (Overhead) costs - are defined as those that are not Direct but are necessary for the immediate support of the program. (wikipedia.org)
Indirect-Admin costs or Overhead are very important to nonprofits since unlike government, they do not necessarily have separate buckets of funding. (wikipedia.org)
If Direct costs are the foundation, the Overhead costs are one touch away. (wikipedia.org)
This quantity cost would include the allocations from overhead that affect all physical inventory to one extent or another. (thefreelibrary.com)
Selling and Marketing Overhead Costs 4. (org.ng)
Use an allocation table to allocate the hospital's overhead costs to the patient services departments. (nursingessays.us)
Use an allocation table similar to the one used for Problem 6.3 to allocate the hospital's overhead costs to the patient services departments. (nursingessays.us)
The Overhead, Special Cost, and Closeout Branch (M/OAA/CAS/OCC), within the Cost Audit Support Division, Office of Acquisition and Assistance, within the Bureau for Management is the central unit authorized to negotiate indirect cost rates with concerns awarded contracts, grants or cooperative agreements by USAID. (usaid.gov)
The Agency must document all its cleanup costs, including direct expenses (e.g., salary and contractual) and indirect expenses (e.g., overhead). (epa.gov)
Historical development Traditionally cost accountants had arbitrarily added a broad percentage of expenses into the indirect cost However as the percentages of indirect or overhead costs had risen, this technique became increasingly inaccurate because the indirect costs were not caused equally by all the products. (slideshare.net)

However, the cost-effectiveness of incorporating CAC into treatment decision rules has yet to be clearly delineated. (plos.org)
To model the cost-effectiveness of CAC for cardiovascular risk stratification in asymptomatic, intermediate risk patients not taking a statin. (plos.org)
Marginal utility and cost effectiveness. (bartleby.com)
Knowledge of treatment cost is essential in assessing cost effectiveness in healthcare. (biomedcentral.com)
A research to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a loyalty scheme based intervention involving rewards for increasing physical activity in public sector employees. (biomedcentral.com)
The main objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness, costs, and cost-effectiveness of an integral treatment provided by a specialized tinnitus center versus usual care. (clinicaltrials.gov)
This study will investigate the cost-effectiveness of web-based follow-up assessments compared to standard in-clinic follow-ups. (clinicaltrials.gov)

Alternative methods of joint-cost allocation. (transtutors.com)

To help decisionmakers allocate funds effectively, the RAND Corporation developed a mathematical model of the cost of a wide variety of HIV prevention interventions. (rand.org)
Not-for-profit entities must allocate joint costs from combined educational campaigns and fundraising solicitations between program costs and fundraising costs if certain criteria are met, according to the Financial Accounting Standards Board. (mlrpc.com)
20 points ) Hint: Allocate the two cost pools (administrative costs and maintenance/utilities expenses) to the four departments using the nvo cost drivers. (transtutors.com)
The client made international process improvements to clarify its intercompany access spend, and determined that there was a gap of $2M per month between its access cost in the US division and the amount it could allocate to customer contracts. (synaptitudeconsulting.com)
On an annual basis, government contractors allocate these costs across the sites that they have worked on during the past year. (epa.gov)

The novelty is twofold: in developing analytical multiagent methods for capturing the dynamics of transaction costs in industrial symbiosis and in presenting a novel game-theoretic mechanism for its allocation in industrial symbiosis institutions. (soton.ac.uk)
However, the FASB does not prescribe specific allocation methods but does provide some examples and illustrations in paragraphs 25 through 31 of FASB ASC 958-720-55. (mlrpc.com)
Cost assignments with these methods rely on rules or formulas instead of measured resource usage. (org.ng)
In this step you apply the allocation methods described above to the various direct costs that are shared between programs, which may include administration and fundraising cost centers. (org.ng)
Costs must be allocable to sponsored agreements under the principles and methods of Circular A-21. (uky.edu)

Fair allocation of indivisible goods among two agents ," CORE Discussion Papers 2010087, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE). (repec.org)
Fair allocation of indivisible goods: the two-agent case ," Social Choice and Welfare , Springer;The Society for Social Choice and Welfare, vol. 41(2), pages 359-380, July. (repec.org)
Implementing egalitarian-equivalent allocation of indivisible goods on restricted domains ," Economic Theory , Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 23(3), pages 659-670, March. (repec.org)

Cost allocation example (1) - initial cost allocation 13:30. (org.ng)
Appropriately, an initial cost allocation has actually been established which shows a modern view of exactly what job expenses must be considered reimbursable to the United States pursuant to Administration policies. (accountingdissertations.com)
It is prepared for that this initial cost allocation will be used in cost sharing settlements with the job recipients. (accountingdissertations.com)

Large & Small Format intelligent printer fleet utilization/optimization, cost recovery and allocation. (hp.com)
Optimize your printer fleet utilization with advanced cost recovery and allocation software. (hp.com)

It is critical to optimize the cost of big data applications. (amazon.com)
Many register allocation approaches optimize for one or more specific categories of actions. (wikipedia.org)

These entities should weigh the cost-benefit to allocating joint costs, especially in primarily fundraising cases in which it might be very difficult to determine the appropriate allocation of these costs. (mlrpc.com)
What are the appropriate allocation rates ? (nursingessays.us)

The current system of facility allocation assigns equal opportunity cost across all activities and services and avoids the problem inherited in the new method. (bartleby.com)
Another method of indirect cost allocation occurs when firm management assigns an indirect cost rate to solve the problem. (org.ng)

At each stage, we compared the leaf construction costs (CC), payback time (PBT), leaf area based N content ( N A ), maximum CO 2 assimilation rate ( P max ), specific leaf area (SLA), photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE), and leaf N allocated to carboxylation ( N C ), and to bioenergetics ( N B ). The relationships between these leaf functional traits were also determined. (frontiersin.org)
Despite this, there is increasing emphasis on using long-run incremental costs for cost -based pricing because they promote efficiency, while fully-allocated costs foster inefficiency. (bartleby.com)
Allocative efficiency and cost benefit analysis. (bartleby.com)
With high energy efficiency and low total cost of ownership. (atlascopco.com)
A numerical example is presented to illustrate the computational details and to compare the efficiency of proposed compromise allocation. (hindawi.com)
There is need to use some compromise allocation criteria which produce an optimum allocation for all characteristics in some sense, for example, an allocation that minimizes the trace of variance-covariance matrix of the estimator of population mean or an allocation that minimizes the weighted average of variances or an allocation that maximizes the total relative efficiency of the estimators as compared to corresponding individual optimum allocation (Varshney et al. (hindawi.com)
An abundant body of empirical evidence points to cases where this allocation seems to follow political considerations rather than seeking to maximise efficiency (Carvalho 2014, Cole 2009, Dinc 2005, Khwaje and Mian 2005, Lazzarini et al. (lacea.org)
Equally, according to Wang and Kopfer [ 2 ], logistics collaboration helps small- and medium-sized companies to reduce costs, while increasing operational efficiency. (springer.com)
Leaders from two Huron Education clients - Georgia Tech and Northern Kentucky University - described to large audiences at the annual meeting of the National Association of College and University Business Officers (NACUBO) initiatives they have undertaken that are resulting in greater efficiency and administrative cost reductions. (slideshare.net)

In addition, suggestions are made for the identification of alternative treatment approaches, and a potential treatment allocation model is recommended. (elsevier.com)
Such techniques are referred to as cost allocation approaches. (accountingdissertations.com)
The cost approaches were compared independently for appendectomy, hip replacement, cataract, and stroke in representative general hospitals in The Netherlands for 2005. (ovid.com)
Disease management - a term used to describe a wide range of approaches designed to mitigate the progression and quality of life impacts of health conditions and encourage adherence to recommended treatment plans and self-care strategies [ 4 ] - has been promoted as a way to improve quality of care, improve health outcomes and lower costs, particularly for patients with chronic disease [ 5 - 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Register allocation raises several problems that can be tackled (or avoided) by different register allocation approaches. (wikipedia.org)

Manage and drive profitability with Oracle Enterprise Performance Management (EPM) Cloud Profitability and Cost Management. (oracle.com)
Efficiently model profitability by segment and complex costing of shared services. (oracle.com)
Take advantage of multiple enterprise-wide, as well as departmental, uses including IT service costing, shared service allocations, profitability by product/customer/channel, cost transparency, and operational transfer pricing. (oracle.com)
Cost allocation, customer profitability and sales variance analysis MCQs , cost allocation, customer profitability and sales variance analysis quiz answers, MBA accounting test 1 to learn online accounting courses. (mcqslearn.com)
Static budget variance multiple choice questions (MCQs) , cost allocation, customer profitability and sales variance analysis quiz questions and answers for admission and scholarships exams. (mcqslearn.com)
Practice cost allocation, customer profitability and sales variance analysis career test with multiple choice question: difference between actual result and corresponding amount of flexible budget, on basis of actual level of output is classified as, with choices sales volume variance, sales mix variance, flexible budget variance, and static budget variance for online degree in accounting and finance. (mcqslearn.com)
Practice multiple choice questions on cost allocation, customer profitability and sales variance analysis, objective exam prep questions with learning online static budget variance tutorial MCQs. (mcqslearn.com)
It is generally used as a tool for understanding product and customer cost and profitability. (slideshare.net)

The institution recovers expenditures for Office Supplies through the Indirect Cost Rate (IDC/F&A-Rate). (csun.edu)
Consistent treatment of costs is necessary to avoid inappropriate charges to the federal government or other sponsors when sponsored agreements are charged directly for specified costs, then charged again, through the University's indirect cost rate. (uky.edu)
This Indirect Cost Rate Guide (Guide) has been prepared to assist non-profit organizations to understand the requirements for the determination of indirect cost rates for application on cost reimbursable grants and other agreements awarded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). (usaid.gov)
in the "Indirect Cost Rate Proposal (ICR) Checklist for First Time NICRA" comments on documentation to be provided by small business to support the proposed indirect cost rate. (usaid.gov)
M/OAA/CAS/OCC establishes Negotiated Indirect Cost Rate Agreements (NICRA) for U.S. and foreign organizations with awards issued by the Bureau for Management's, Office of Acquisition and Assistance (M/OAA) in Washington, DC. (usaid.gov)

Under this model, both the service provider and its respective consumers become aware of their service requirements and usage and how they directly influence the costs incurred. (wikipedia.org)
We present a cost allocation model that is based on solution concepts from cooperative game theory, for allocating the operational costs associated with the collaboration. (diva-portal.org)
The model is applied to some illustrative examples, and the cost allocation results are discussed. (diva-portal.org)
In order to maintain the cooperation, a suitable business model, in which fair cost allocations plays an important role is essential. (diva-portal.org)
In other words, the precise asset allocation model you use is less important than keeping control of fees. (monevator.com)
11-4 How does the relevant cost analysis model differ for manufacturing and service firms? (transtutors.com)
Newman, MG 2000, ' Recommendations for a cost-offset model of psychotherapy allocation using generalized anxiety disorder as an example ', Journal of consulting and clinical psychology , vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 549-555. (elsevier.com)
However, the scheme has serious flaws in national tariff calculation: inlier calculation is normative, and the "one hospital" model causes cost bias, adjustment and representativeness issues. (biomedcentral.com)
A Program Budgeting Cost Model for School District Planning. (rand.org)
Project R-3, San Jose, Calif.: Evaluation of Results and Development of a Cost Model. (rand.org)
In this paper, the concept of an energy shortage cost is introduced, and a quantitative energy model with shortages is developed to study the interfuel competition, and optimal allocation policies during an energy shortage. (elsevier.com)
In addition to the societal shortage cost for energy, other special features of our model include consideration of all forms of energy resources and new technologies of energy production. (elsevier.com)
Through these applications the model is shown to be a useful tool to assess the impact of future energy shortages, higher fuel prices, introduction of newer technologies, and various allocation policies. (elsevier.com)
Ravindran, A & Begenyi, WT 1976, ' A linear programming model with shortage costs for energy planning and allocation ', AIIE Transactions , vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 258-264. (elsevier.com)
A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is presented to design the heat integrated resource allocation network. (archives-ouvertes.fr)

Thus, an exact full cost approach for the complete cycle of care for a medical condition should be the goal of the costing processes [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
And streamlined systems allows you to create efficiencies, centralize control, cut costs and reduce paper-from creating labels or tracking a package, to automating shipping processes. (ups.com)
However, the committee believes its equitable allocation framework, if properly implemented and communicated, can secure public trust in the processes and outcomes of allocation by being based on foundational principles that are simple, clear, coherent, and consistent in their application. (nap.edu)
The objective of the study was to obtain comprehensive and valuable information to help insurance companies more effectively manage their budgeting and cost allocation processes. (wardinc.com)

Although other factors also affect the allowability of a cost item, application of this basic criterion is the first step in answering questions about allowable costs for WIC. (usda.gov)

If the cost fulfills a WIC program objective or mandate, and a WIC state agency could be expected to incur such cost in the absence of the FMNP, then the cost is potentially allowable. (usda.gov)
A cost is reasonable if, by its nature and amount, does not exceed that which would be incurred by a prudent person under the circumstances prevailing at the time the decision was made to incur the cost. (boisestate.edu)
In certain circumstances, you, as an undertaking under BaFin's supervision, may also incur other costs, the most important of which are described briefly below. (bafin.de)
A cost is considered reasonable if the nature of the goods or services acquired and the amount involved reflect the action that a prudent person would have taken under the circumstances prevailing at the time the decision was made to incur the cost. (uky.edu)
The chapter starts by taking another look at cost allocation and how it relates to cost hierarchy, including allocating corporate costs - expenses you incur for the head office. (oreilly.com)

This memorandum provides guidance concerning allowable FMNP costs that may be covered with federal WIC funds. (usda.gov)
It is intended to promote accuracy and uniformity in the application of allowable cost principles to decisions about FMNP-related costs, as state agencies seek to maximize federal funding. (usda.gov)
While the FMNP is a separate federal program, its close link to WIC has resulted in questions as to whether certain FMNP activities can be considered allowable costs for WIC. (usda.gov)
FMNP regulations (section 248.9(b)) clarify that nutrition education for the FMNP is an allowable WIC cost. (usda.gov)
Questions have arisen as to whether activities such as the development and implementation of FMNP modules or subsystems for WIC Management Information Systems (MIS) can be considered as allowable costs for WIC. (usda.gov)
Basic Guideline Section 246.14(a) of the WIC program regulations and Attachment A, section C, of OMB Circular A-87, Cost Principles for state, local and Indian Tribal Governments, indicate that a cost must be reasonable and necessary for the fulfillment of program objectives to be deemed allowable. (usda.gov)
This basic definition of an allowable cost should govern all decisions regarding whether an FMNP cost may be properly charged to WIC funds. (usda.gov)
Other Considerations Even when a cost is potentially allowable, a state agency may not automatically charge it entirely to WIC. (usda.gov)
The signed agreement, a copy of which should be included in the WIC and FMNP state plans, should specify how costs allowable under both WIC and FMNP (such as providing nutrition education for the FMNP) would be charged. (usda.gov)
Similarly, a WIC state agency that administers both WIC and FMNP should discuss in the WIC and FMNP state plans how it proposes to charge allowable FMNP-related costs to the two programs. (usda.gov)
These entities may find helpful an overview and refresher of joint costs and what is allowable under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). (mlrpc.com)
Ensures costs are allowable and in accordance with sponsor rules. (uvm.edu)
o The cost of the transaction is allowable. (uvm.edu)
The cost principles providing the framework for what can be charged or what costs are allowable on a sponsored project can be found in Subpart E, Cost Principles , of the Uniform Guidance. (boisestate.edu)
PIs, department administrators, and in some specific instances central administration officials, should review costs to ensure that they are allowable and allocable to a project. (uky.edu)

The actual amount of fees is calculated in accordance with the German Regulation on the Imposition of Fees and Allocation of Costs Pursuant to the FinDAG (Verordnung über die Erhebung von Gebühren und die Umlegung von Kosten nach dem Finanzdienstleistungsaufsichtsgesetz - FinDAGKostV ). (bafin.de)

In practical utilization of stratified random sampling scheme, the investigator meets a problem to select a sample that maximizes the precision of a finite population mean under cost constraint. (hindawi.com)

Circular A-87, Attachment A, also states that any cost allocable to a particular federal award may not be charged to other awards in order to overcome funding deficiencies or for other reasons. (usda.gov)
A cost is allocable to a particular sponsored project if the goods or services involved are chargeable or assignable to the project in accordance with the relative benefits received. (uky.edu)

Direct costs - are those that can be associated specifically to a final cost objective. (wikipedia.org)
In both cases, the objective is to subsidise the screening activity, either of the PDB if direct lending is chosen, or of financial intermediaries, and both imply a cost due to the distortion associated with taxes. (lacea.org)
Indirect costs are those that have been incurred for common or joint objectives and cannot be readily identified with a particular final cost objective. (usaid.gov)

In doing so, Jansen Industries 2010 Ltd. v. Victory Motors (Abbotsford) Ltd., 2019 BCSC 1621 shed light on two key issues: (1) What costs are recoverable as part of remediation costs under the EMA , and (2) How will liability for the remediation be allocated among those considered to be "responsible persons" for contamination? (ahbl.ca)
Drawing from the lessons learned from other allocation frameworks, outlined in Chapter 2 , the committee has derived foundational principles that inform its recommended coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine allocation framework. (nap.edu)

We find that this hurdle rate deviates from the firm's cost of capital in a manner that depends crucially on whether the coordination problem is one of implementing a common asset or choosing among multiple competing projects. (ssrn.com)
O nce people get beyond trying to pick stocks and embrace the 'total investing' religion, they typically displace their former zeal for buying tinpot miners and tiny tech start-ups into agonizing about their asset allocation . (monevator.com)
Rather, in my view a cheap and simple asset allocation - such as the lazy ETF portfolios - fits the bill for most. (monevator.com)
Cutting your costs delivers a clear and known benefit, compared to the huge unknowns and likely wealth-sapping impact of punting on fund managers or fancy but pricy asset classes, or perhaps even venturing into costlier Smart Beta trackers and the like. (monevator.com)
shows clearly that the gap between the best and worst asset allocation schemes is narrower than the gap between the highest and lowest fees. (monevator.com)

Using generalized anxiety disorder as an example, this article suggests a flexible and comprehensive approach to cost-benefit analysis in psychotherapy that includes clients who may not improve in response to current data-based interventions. (elsevier.com)
This simple approach is insufficient if one-time appropriations will be provided to cover required fixed costs ( e.g. , renovation of some operating rooms), but increases in operating funds will not be provided to cover new hospital variable costs over the short term. (asahq.org)
Cost Allocation approach is the procedure utilized to appoint expenses to production or services. (accountingdissertations.com)
This paper introduces a new approach for targeting minimum total annual operating cost of heat integrated resource allocation network. (archives-ouvertes.fr)

FIGURE 3-1 Major elements of the framework for equitable allocation of COVID-19 vaccine. (nap.edu)

Egalitarian-equivalent Groves mechanisms in the allocation of heterogenous objects ," Social Choice and Welfare , Springer;The Society for Social Choice and Welfare, vol. 38(1), pages 137-160, January. (repec.org)

Congressman Brian Higgins said, Western New York has a unique resource, low-cost Power Authority hydropower, which has, once again, been successfully leveraged to bring more jobs and capital investment to our region. (ny.gov)
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the German diagnosis related groups (G-DRG) cost accounting scheme by assessing its resource allocation at hospital level and its tariff calculation at national level. (biomedcentral.com)
This combination causes problems in actual hospital financing, although resource allocation is advanced at hospital level. (biomedcentral.com)
The accuracy of reimbursement and the practical relevance of the standardized cost accounting scheme are dependent on precise resource allocation and an unbiased, representative tariff calculation by the InEK. (biomedcentral.com)
Yet resource allocation at hospital level and tariff calculation at national level for German inpatient relative prices (case-mix) are rarely reviewed and assessed in the literature. (biomedcentral.com)
The origin for the resulting inefficient resource allocation resides in the banks' inability to fully internalise the benefits of the projects they might finance. (lacea.org)
This cost includes fresh resource and utility costs. (archives-ouvertes.fr)

Federal regulations require recipients of federal funds to establish consistent practices for charging costs as either a direct or indirect cost. (boisestate.edu)
Also, the revision required certain large institutions (UK was classified as a large institution) to disclose their cost accounting practices by the submission of a disclosure statement (DS-2) prescribed by CASB. (uky.edu)
Ward Group conducted a study on cost allocation practices at diverse group of property casualty insurance companies. (wardinc.com)

Prices based on short-run marginal costs and long-run incremental costs promote efficient production. (bartleby.com)
Long-run incremental costs cover a greater portion of total costs than marginal costs, and incorporate dynamic elements such as technical change and economies of scale. (bartleby.com)
Different variants of long-run incremental costs can be calculated depending on the level of output, time period and technologies used. (bartleby.com)

When goods transportations are consolidated, they may reduce operational costs, e.g. labor and fuel. (diva-portal.org)
And even with the state of the art GC and memory management subsystems, your best bet to reduce memory management pressure is to reduce the number of allocations. (ayende.com)
Automatically add a secondary allocation if one is not specified, and reduce secondary allocation to the largest available free extent. (ibm.com)
Eliminate the creation of unnecessary control blocks and reduce CPU time associated with allocations done by IBM Db2 subsystems. (ibm.com)
This allows a company to reduce cost and improve productivity through newer, more efficient process. (bartleby.com)
The client asked Synaptitude to team with one their key managers to execute a detailed circuit allocation and price validation exercise and reduce the gap. (synaptitudeconsulting.com)
And the opportunity to reduce costs is substantial. (mckinsey.com)
Our results show that, absent political interference, direct lending would be preferred to intermediated (tier two) lending because PDB profits will reduce the cost of subsidies to tax payers. (lacea.org)
Recent evidence from a large scale trial conducted in the United States indicates that enhancing shared decision-making and improving knowledge, self-management, and provider communication skills to at-risk patients can reduce health costs and utilisation of healthcare resources. (biomedcentral.com)
They reduce the graph coloring problem to the register allocation problem by showing that for an arbitrary graph, a program can be constructed such that the register allocation for the program (with registers representing nodes and machine registers representing available colors) would be a coloring for the original graph. (wikipedia.org)

Furthermore, we show that while optimal sex allocation is consistent with the theory of equal investment (as asserted by previous authors), thinking in terms of equal investment is not readily feasible in some scenarios. (uzh.ch)
You can recover from secondary allocation space failures by reducing the allocation amount to a value that is consistent with the current free space on the volume. (ibm.com)
CAS and the revised Circular A-21 emphasize the importance of consistent application of cost accounting principles. (uky.edu)
Private parties may recover costs that are "consistent" with the NCP. (epa.gov)

As it stands now, the first proposal would cut the pension fund's target venture capital allocation to 15% from 25%, and boost the buyout allocation to 70% from 60% of the firm's current 8% allocation to alternative investments. (plansponsor.com)

This allocation requirement is stipulated in FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 958, Not-for-Profit Entities , and more specifically in FASB ASC 958-720-45. (mlrpc.com)
This is particularly challenging at hospitals with limited managerial accounting information ( i.e. , those with limited or no knowledge as to how much it costs to care for each patient undergoing elective surgery). (asahq.org)
The G-DRG system and its standardized cost accounting scheme are used for national reimbursement calculation and influence strategic management decisions in hospitals. (biomedcentral.com)
Although many arguments are already scattered in the literature, an overall assessment of the G-DRG cost accounting scheme is still lacking. (biomedcentral.com)
The cost weights of reimbursement rates for DRGs are recalculated each year by the InEK on the basis of hospitals providing the previous year's cost accounting data in a default scheme (263 or 16% of all German hospitals in 2009). (biomedcentral.com)
Besides the development of the grouping software, the InEK cost accounting scheme is the driver for German inpatient relative prices (case-mix). (biomedcentral.com)
Fundamentals of Cost Accounting provides a direct, realistic, and efficient way to learn cost accounting, integrated with new technology learning tools. (indigo.ca)
McGraw-Hill Connect Accounting Plus provides students every advantage as they strive to understand the key concepts of cost accounting and its role in business. (indigo.ca)
In the accounting of Norsk Hydro the cost per m3 can be discovered for each trip. (accountingdissertations.com)
Cost Accounting is the tracking of accounting occasions that are connected with an unique function. (accountingdissertations.com)
In a lot of cases, Cost Accounting activity is tracked for functions of billing an outdoors entity to recover some or all the expenses (repayment). (accountingdissertations.com)
Cost Accounting in Arizona Advantage incorporates the facility of cost structures for and repayments related to grants and jobs. (accountingdissertations.com)
A direct, realistic, and efficient way to learn cost accounting. (ecampus.com)
For administrative and accounting purposes these costs are grouped into two categories -- direct and indirect. (uky.edu)
Effective May 8, 1996, Circular A-21 was revised to incorporate four Cost Accounting Standards applicable to educational institutions. (uky.edu)
These were issued by the Cost Accounting Standards Board (CASB) on November 8, 1994, and the A-21 revision extended the standards to all sponsored agreements. (uky.edu)
C ost accounting analysis is a balancing act between costs and profit. (oreilly.com)

To hold the divisions accountable for their reports, the central office ties the project acceptance decision to a system of cost allocations comprised of depreciation and capital charges. (ssrn.com)

Maximize profit potential and gain control of costs by understanding the root cause of costs and revenue. (oracle.com)
Maximize profit and/or minimize costs through quick assumption changes, and get actionable performance information to line-of-business (LOB) leaders. (oracle.com)
The theory of stratified random sampling deals with the properties of estimator constructed from stratified random sample and with the best (optimum) choice of sample size to be selected from various strata either to maximize the precision of constructed estimator for a fixed cost or to minimize the cost of survey for fixed precision of estimator. (hindawi.com)
Maximize and simplify the allocation of your existing resources. (dell.com)

Retrieved 2016-09-02.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Page 5, Capture Magazine https://www.joomag.com/magazine/capture-january-2016-q1-issue-01/0846165001451952676 [1] - Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards. (wikipedia.org)
Understanding what costs may be charged to sponsored projects requires a basic understanding of cost principles. (boisestate.edu)
Here, the committee describes the goal of its framework, the risk-based allocation criteria used to apply the principles, and the resulting allocation phases (see Figure 3-1 ). (nap.edu)
The basic regulations for ascertaining the costs of federally sponsored research at educational institutions are set forth in Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Circular A-21: Cost Principles for Educational Institutions. (uky.edu)
The Circular establishes principles for determining costs applicable to sponsored agreements, contracts, and other agreements with educational institutions. (uky.edu)
OMB Circular A-21: Cost Principles for Educational Institutions states "Direct costs are those costs that can be identified specifically with a particular sponsored project, an instructional activity, or that can be directly assigned to such activities relatively easily with a high degree of accuracy. (uky.edu)
The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) published Title 2 of the Code of Federal Regulations Part 200 (2 CFR 200), titled "Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards" to streamline the Government-wide guidance on Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal awards. (usaid.gov)
The administrative requirements and cost principles apply to new awards authorized on or after December 26, 2014. (usaid.gov)

Inventory holding cost (IHC) is the variable cost of keeping inventory on hand, and is a combination of the costs associated with opportunity costs, storage, taxes, insurance, shrinkage, and other variables. (thefreelibrary.com)
In this study, we used data from a hospital with a detailed cost database to investigate by how much changes in allocation of OR time for elective (scheduled) surgery can increase perioperative variable costs. (asahq.org)
Define and describe fixed, variable, and mixed costs. (bartleby.com)
3. Separate mixed costs into their fixed and variable components using the high-low method, the scatterplot method, and the method of least squares. (bartleby.com)

These DRGs are reimbursed separately for each hospital as a result of inhomogeneity of care, resulting in high variance in costs or a very small calculation base [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Practice static budget variance, cost allocation and costing systems, customer revenues and costs test prep, assessment test for finance certifications. (mcqslearn.com)

These costs can include the following expenses incurred by EPA and the cleanup contractor: time spent on a cleanup-related activity, travel to and from the site, contractor costs at the site, and equipment used at the site, etc. (epa.gov)

With the organization articulating the costs of services provided, the business units become empowered - and encouraged - to make informed decisions about the services and availability levels they request. (wikipedia.org)
Failure to accurately determine IHC and use this cost to make decisions fails to recognize that inventory can represent one-third to one-half of a company's assets. (thefreelibrary.com)
As a recipient of federal funding, Boise State University (" University ") complies with these regulations, and this guidance is designed to provide assistance to campus in making appropriate decisions about charging costs to sponsored projects. (boisestate.edu)
The committee recognizes that decisions about COVID-19 vaccine allocation must be made under conditions of uncertainty. (nap.edu)
The size of this trial and it's assessment of cost utility with respect to potentially preventable hospitalisations adds significantly to the body of knowledge to support policy and investment decisions in Australia as well as to the international debate regarding the effect of disease management programs on financial outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)

Unallowable costs and activities cannot be directly charged to a federal contract, grant or cooperative agreement, and they cannot be included in F&A rate calculations. (boisestate.edu)

Cost Allocation Example & Definition. (org.ng)

In particular, allocations require some CPU cost immediately, but the .NET framework is pretty good about keeping that small. (ayende.com)
To be able to guide policy makers in planning for vaccine allocation, it must be feasible to put the framework into operation. (nap.edu)

The G-DRG system was designed for reimbursement calculation, but developed to a standard with strategic management implications, generalized by the idea of adapting a hospital's cost structures to DRG revenues. (biomedcentral.com)

Furthermore, such prediction must be performed at little energy cost . (psu.edu)

FMNP Policy Memorandum 93-2 approves the use of WIC nutrition services and administration (NSA) funds to cover travel-related costs for WIC staff to attend FMNP conferences and training. (usda.gov)
In turn, the associated expense is assigned to internal clients' cost centers that consume the products and services. (wikipedia.org)
For example, the CIO may provide all IT services within the company and assign the costs back to the business units that consume each offering. (wikipedia.org)
The core components of a cost allocation system consist of a way to track which organizations provides a product and/or service, the organizations that consume the products and/or services, and a list of portfolio offerings (e.g. service catalog). (wikipedia.org)
In this environment, an organization is expected to provide services cost-effectively and deliver business value while operating under tight budgetary constraints. (wikipedia.org)
Costs of goods or services provided in exchange transactions that are part of joint activities, such as costs of direct donor benefits of a special event - a meal, for example - should not be reported as fundraising. (mlrpc.com)
A cost allocation plan allows your nonprofit to communicate the true costs of providing certain services. (org.ng)
Costs are allocable if the goods or services being charged are assigned in accordance with the relative benefits received by the project. (boisestate.edu)
Finally, there are also the costs of the deposit guarantee and compensation schemes that credit institutions and financial services providers are required by law to be members of. (bafin.de)
Now assume that the hospital uses the step-down method for cost allocation, with salary dollars as the cost driver for General Administration, housekeeping labor hours as the cost driver for Facilities, and patient services revenue as the cost driver for Financial Services. (nursingessays.us)
Assume that the hospital uses salary dollars as the cost driver for General Administration, housekeeping labor hours as the cost driver for Facilities, and patient services revenue as the cost driver for Financial Services. (nursingessays.us)
The majority of the costs of the Facilities department are devoted to housekeeping services. (nursingessays.us)
For many industrial-services companies, the cost of servicing and repairing equipment in the field has always represented a large portion of costs- often up to 70 percent of operating expenses. (mckinsey.com)
Typically, little consideration is given to the allocation of indirect costs (overheads and capital) to hospital services, compared to the allocation of direct costs. (ovid.com)
Hourly rate allocation may be a strong alternative to weighted service allocation for hospital services with a relatively short inpatient stay. (ovid.com)
In this way an organization can precisely estimate the cost of its individual products and services for the purposes of identifying and eliminating those which are unprofitable and lowering the prices of those which are overpriced. (slideshare.net)

2. Explain the use of the resources and activities and their relationship to cost behavior. (bartleby.com)

As the size of data increases, there is demand for more compute capacity and the total cost of ownership increases. (amazon.com)

Dear Silvia, can you please give us the examples of allocation of cost of conversion to the cost of inventories under normal circumstances, when low production and if abnormally high production? (org.ng)

First, introductory material provides a statewide summary by aid category of the actual unit costs and ratios for headcount enrollments and full-time equivalent (FTE) indicating that the total unduplicated headcount for the district was 447,819 students and that the cost per headcount student was $855. (ed.gov)
The OR manager should consider the impact of changes in OR time on future hospital costs to ensure such a change is sound fiscally. (asahq.org)
The payback period measures the time that it takes to recoup the cost of the investment. (bartleby.com)
Weighted service allocation is believed to provide the most accurate indirect cost estimation, but the method is time consuming. (ovid.com)
The statute of limitations is the amount of time EPA, states, and private parties have to take action in court to recover their costs. (epa.gov)
For example, one product might take more time in one expensive machine than another product, but since the amount of direct labor and materials might be the same, the additional cost for the use of the machine would not be recognised when the same broad 'on-cost' percentage is added to all products. (slideshare.net)
Hence, to account for the differences in physical activity, TEE was estimated through factorial calculations that combined the time allocated to habitual activities and the energy cost of those activities. (fao.org)
At this point, you need to spend some time on cost allocation, pricing issues, and sales analysis. (oreilly.com)

abstract = "The class of Construct and Charge (CC-) rules for minimum cost spanning tree (mcst) situations is considered. (tilburguniversity.edu)
Abstract- Cloud computing is a promising cost efficient service oriented computing platform in the fields of science, engineering, business and social networking for delivering the resources on demand. (psu.edu)

17 ] used different compromise criterion to solve allocation problem in stratified random sampling scheme. (hindawi.com)

Provides local oversight for federal costing regulations issues such as correct identification of costs as direct or indirect costs. (uvm.edu)
Many costs, however, are not discretely direct or indirect and may appear in either category, depending on the circumstances. (uky.edu)
Costs incurred for the same purpose in like circumstances must be treated consistently as either direct or indirect costs. (uky.edu)

Cost allocation is a process of providing relief to shared service organization's cost centers that provide a product or service. (wikipedia.org)
When the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) provides the majority of a non-profit organization's Federal funding, it is the cognizant Federal agency for negotiating the organization's indirect cost rates. (usaid.gov)

Cohen, Deborah A., Shin-Yi Wu, and Thomas Farley, Cost-Effective Allocation of Government Funds for Preventing HIV. (rand.org)
Approves source of cost sharing/matching funds. (uvm.edu)
Identifies funds to cover project cost overruns. (uvm.edu)
BaFin raises the funds required to cover its costs from the undertakings it supervises instead. (bafin.de)
In Eslava and Freixas (2016), we set out to explore a different dimension of credit market imperfections - the need for costly screening to decide on the allocation of funds. (lacea.org)

We performed the analysis specifically for the hospital with detailed cost data and then used statistical resampling to estimate by how much other hospitals' costs could be increased. (asahq.org)
All German hospitals have the possibility to participate in the calculation process for G-DRG reimbursement rates with their case cost data. (biomedcentral.com)

To determine whether hourly rate, inpatient day, and marginal mark-up allocation are reliable alternatives for weighted service allocation. (ovid.com)
Hourly rate allocation and inpatient day allocation produce estimates that are not significantly different from weighted service allocation. (ovid.com)
The use of inpatient day allocation would likely most closely reflect the indirect cost estimates obtained by the weighted service method. (ovid.com)

Cost allocation (likewise called cost task) is the procedure of discovering cost of various cost items such as a job, a department, a branch, a client, and so on. (accountingdissertations.com)
Due to the fact that it the procedure through which costs sustained in producing a particular item or rendering a particular service is computed, cost allocation is crucial. (accountingdissertations.com)
Register allocation can happen over a basic block (local register allocation), over a whole function/procedure (global register allocation), or across function boundaries traversed via call-graph (interprocedural register allocation). (wikipedia.org)

They can make trade-offs between service levels and costs, and they can benchmark internal costs against outsourced providers. (wikipedia.org)
By correctly defining and allocating costs, true cost of service can be fully captured. (wikipedia.org)
Inventory holding cost (IHC) and safety stock inventory (SSI) are critical to the effective management of inventory, and their quantification has impact at the highest levels of many manufacturing and service industries. (thefreelibrary.com)
The sequence of allocation generally starts with the service department that has incurred the greatest costs. (org.ng)
This team worked with other client staff in Service Delivery, Finance, Order Entry and Sales in order to fix process issues causing the excess costs and to verify whether circuits could be ceased without customer impact. (synaptitudeconsulting.com)
When appointing expenses to production and/ or service activities it is crucial to understand whether the cost is a direct or an indirect cost. (accountingdissertations.com)
The term cost tracing is utilized to explain exactly what occurs when it is possible to designate a cost straight to a particular item or service. (accountingdissertations.com)
The function might be specified by moneying gotten from an outdoors entity (for instance, a Federal award or third-party award) or the function might be organizing expenses together for internally specified factors (for instance, for an unique costs effort or particular expenses sustained to offer a service). (accountingdissertations.com)
You go home after you get the service, and you don t even know what it costs. (ontheissues.org)
It's not enough to produce a product or service at the lowest possible cost. (oreilly.com)

Today's organizations face growing pressure to control costs and enable responsible financial management of resources. (wikipedia.org)
Joint costs should be allocated between fundraising and the appropriate program or management and general function. (mlrpc.com)
If the joint cost criteria are not met, all costs of the joint activity should be reported as fundraising costs, including costs that otherwise might be considered program or management and general costs if they had been incurred in a different activity. (mlrpc.com)
An example is with cost center IT and General Management. (org.ng)
Connect IBM® Tivoli® Advanced Allocation Management to IBM Tivoli OMEGAMON® XE for Storage through IBM Tivoli Enterprise Portal (TEP) to achieve integration with related storage management capabilities and to monitor the effect of allocation abends. (ibm.com)
Evaluate potential cost savings by generating a projected savings report using a System Management Facility (SMF) reporting utility. (ibm.com)
IBM Tivoli Advanced Allocation Management does not support VSAM record-level-sharing (RLS) access mode. (ibm.com)
Access IBM Tivoli Advanced Allocation Management through an online user interface that enables authorized users to issue operator commands to view and update subsystem information, activate rule and volume group definitions, and enable or disable specific product functions, such as product-level intercepts, from an operator console. (ibm.com)
Besides reimbursement calculation, DRGs are now important for budgeting and cost control in hospital management [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Egalitarian Equivalent Allocations: A New Concept of Economic Equity ," Discussion Papers 174, Northwestern University, Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science. (repec.org)

Depending on the operating structure within a company, the cost allocation data may generate an internal invoice or feed an ERP system's chargeback module. (wikipedia.org)
Drawing from data submitted by the Wisconsin Vocational, Technical and Adult Education (VTAE) districts on their 1989-90 actual cost allocation schedules, this report provides information on district and statewide program and unit costs. (ed.gov)
Increase the size of the secondary allocation as data set extends occur after a particular extent and at a particular volume number. (ibm.com)
Also includes support for the LARGE data set format, which allows the specification of more than 65535 tracks for the primary and secondary allocation for non-VSAM data sets specified with a DSNTYPE of LARGE. (ibm.com)
Eliminate the "black box" syndrome found in ERP and custom-built solutions with step-by-step validation reports for post allocation data integrity. (oracle.com)
To obtain data on the allocation of F&A, run this PeopelSoft Query for the relevant fiscal years and months. (uvm.edu)
For any organization running big data workloads there are three key requirements: scalability, performance, and low cost. (amazon.com)
Increased availability of low-cost connected devices has made it possible to collect vast amounts of data from the field. (mckinsey.com)

One of Western New York's top resources, clean, low-cost hydropower, is a key element in reinvigorating the region's economy, Governor Cuomo said. (ny.gov)
For example, if you tag resources with an application name, you can track the total cost of a single application that runs on those resources. (org.ng)
Spark supports four different types of cluster managers (Spark standalone, Apache Mesos, Hadoop YARN, and Kubernetes), which are responsible for scheduling and allocation of resources in the cluster. (amazon.com)

Attachment A, section C of OMB Circular A-87 indicates that costs should be charged or assigned to grants in accordance with relative benefits received. (usda.gov)
This is the second year in succession that the allocation for grants to improve or adapt the private homes of older people and people with a disability has fallen. (fiannafail.ie)

Organisms1

Diseases3

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Psychiatry and Psychology4

Phenomena and Processes1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena6

Humanities1

Information Science2

Health Care23

Geographicals1

Mental health/medical care cost offsets: opportunities for managed care. (1/126)

Follow-up of breast cancer in primary care vs specialist care: results of an economic evaluation. (2/126)

Resource allocation for public hospitals in Andhra Pradesh, India. (3/126)

Predictors of acute hospital costs for treatment of ischemic stroke in an academic center. (4/126)

Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for nonmetastatic breast cancer in Canada, and their associated costs. (5/126)

Health reform and hospital financing in Georgia. (6/126)

Determining the cost of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a decision analytic model. (7/126)

The costs of hospital services: a case study of Evangelical Lutheran Church hospitals in Tanzania. (8/126)

Cost Allocation

Accounting

Health Care Costs

Resource Allocation

Costs and Cost Analysis

HIV Infections

Professional Corporations

Sexual Behavior

Risk-Taking

Homosexuality, Male

HIV Seropositivity

Cystitis, Interstitial

Taxes

Income Tax

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

Health Benefit Plans, Employee

Health Insurance Exchanges

Family Leave

United States

Dromaiidae

Fund Raising

Group Structure

Hospitals, Voluntary

Hospitals, Proprietary

Liability, Legal

Malpractice

Jurisprudence

Compensation and Redress

Archives

Cost-Benefit Analysis

Health Care Rationing

Quality-Adjusted Life Years

Models, Economic

Health Resources

Mental health/medical care cost offsets: opportunities for managed care. (1/126)

Follow-up of breast cancer in primary care vs specialist care: results of an economic evaluation. (2/126)

Resource allocation for public hospitals in Andhra Pradesh, India. (3/126)

Predictors of acute hospital costs for treatment of ischemic stroke in an academic center. (4/126)

Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for nonmetastatic breast cancer in Canada, and their associated costs. (5/126)

Health reform and hospital financing in Georgia. (6/126)

Determining the cost of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a decision analytic model. (7/126)

The costs of hospital services: a case study of Evangelical Lutheran Church hospitals in Tanzania. (8/126)

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