A genus of the family CORONAVIRIDAE which causes respiratory or gastrointestinal disease in a variety of vertebrates.
Virus diseases caused by the CORONAVIRUS genus. Some specifics include transmissible enteritis of turkeys (ENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF TURKEYS); FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS; and transmissible gastroenteritis of swine (GASTROENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF SWINE).
A species in the genus CORONAVIRUS causing the common cold and possibly nervous system infections in humans. It lacks hemagglutinin-esterase.
A species of CORONAVIRUS infecting cats of all ages and commonly found in catteries and zoos. Cats are often found carrying the virus but only a small proportion develop disease. Feline coronavirus and Feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) are virtually the same virus in genetic and antigenetic terms, and are morphologically indistinguishable. Since they only differ in their disease potential (with FIPV causing a more serious illness), they are considered biotypes of each other.
A class I viral fusion protein that forms the characteristic spikes, or peplomers, found on the viral surface that mediate virus attachment, fusion, and entry into the host cell. During virus maturation, it is cleaved into two subunits: S1, which binds to receptors in the host cell, and S2, which mediates membrane fusion.
A species of CORONAVIRUS infecting neonatal calves, presenting as acute diarrhea, and frequently leading to death.
A species of CORONAVIRUS causing atypical respiratory disease (SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME) in humans. The organism is believed to have first emerged in Guangdong Province, China, in 2002. The natural host is the Chinese horseshoe bat, RHINOLOPHUS sinicus.
A species in the genus CORONAVIRUS causing the common cold and possibly nervous system infections in humans. It contains hemagglutinin-esterase.
Spherical RNA viruses, in the order NIDOVIRALES, infecting a wide range of animals including humans. Transmission is by fecal-oral and respiratory routes. Mechanical transmission is also common. There are two genera: CORONAVIRUS and TOROVIRUS.
A species of GAMMARETROVIRUS causing leukemia, lymphosarcoma, immune deficiency, or other degenerative diseases in cats. Several cellular oncogenes confer on FeLV the ability to induce sarcomas (see also SARCOMA VIRUSES, FELINE).
A species of LENTIVIRUS, subgenus feline lentiviruses (LENTIVIRUSES, FELINE) isolated from cats with a chronic wasting syndrome, presumed to be immune deficiency. There are 3 strains: Petaluma (FIP-P), Oma (FIP-O) and Puma lentivirus (PLV). There is no antigenic relationship between FIV and HIV, nor does FIV grow in human T-cells.
A species of CORONAVIRUS infecting dogs. Onset of symptoms is usually sudden and includes vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration.
A viral disorder characterized by high FEVER, dry COUGH, shortness of breath (DYSPNEA) or breathing difficulties, and atypical PNEUMONIA. A virus in the genus CORONAVIRUS is the suspected agent.
The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)
Virus diseases caused by CORONAVIRIDAE.
Diseases of the domestic cat (Felis catus or F. domesticus). This term does not include diseases of the so-called big cats such as CHEETAHS; LIONS; tigers, cougars, panthers, leopards, and other Felidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.
Acquired defect of cellular immunity that occurs in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and in some cats infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV).
A species of the CORONAVIRUS genus causing hepatitis in mice. Four strains have been identified as MHV 1, MHV 2, MHV 3, and MHV 4 (also known as MHV-JHM, which is neurotropic and causes disseminated encephalomyelitis with demyelination as well as focal liver necrosis).
A species of the genus VESIVIRUS infecting cats. Transmission occurs via air and mechanical contact.
Common coronavirus infection of cats caused by the feline infectious peritonitis virus (CORONAVIRUS, FELINE). The disease is characterized by a long incubation period, fever, depression, loss of appetite, wasting, and progressive abdominal enlargement. Infection of cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage appears to be essential in FIP pathogenesis.
A species of CORONAVIRUS causing a fatal disease to pigs under 3 weeks old.
A species of CORONAVIRUS causing infections in chickens and possibly pheasants. Chicks up to four weeks old are the most severely affected.
A highly contagious DNA virus infection of the cat family, characterized by fever, enteritis and bone marrow changes. It is also called feline ataxia, feline agranulocytosis, feline infectious enteritis, cat fever, cat plague, and show fever. It is caused by FELINE PANLEUKOPENIA VIRUS or the closely related MINK ENTERITIS VIRUS or CANINE PARVOVIRUS.
A species in the genus CORONAVIRUS causing upper and lower RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS. It shares the receptor used by the SARS VIRUS.
Species of GAMMARETROVIRUS isolated from fibrosarcoma in cats. The viruses are actually recombinant feline leukemia viruses (FeLV) where part of the genome has been replaced by cellular oncogenes. It is unique to individuals and not transmitted naturally to other cats. FeSVs are replication defective and require FeLV to reproduce.
Viral proteins found in either the NUCLEOCAPSID or the viral core (VIRAL CORE PROTEINS).
A species of PARVOVIRUS infecting cats with a highly contagious enteric disease. Host range variants include mink enteritis virus, canine parvovirus (PARVOVIRUS, CANINE), and raccoon parvovirus. After infecting their new hosts, many of these viruses have further evolved and are now considered distinct species.
A species of CORONAVIRUS causing pneumonia in newborn rats but a clinically inapparent infection in adults. It is separate but antigenically related to MURINE HEPATITIS VIRUS.
Layers of protein which surround the capsid in animal viruses with tubular nucleocapsids. The envelope consists of an inner layer of lipids and virus specified proteins also called membrane or matrix proteins. The outer layer consists of one or more types of morphological subunits called peplomers which project from the viral envelope; this layer always consists of glycoproteins.
A species of CORONAVIRUS causing enteritis in turkeys and pullets.
A mutant strain of TRANSMISSIBLE GASTROENTERITIS VIRUS causing mild or subclinical respiratory infections in young SWINE. It may also play a role in post-weaning porcine respiratory disease complex, especially when combined with other respiratory agents.
A neoplastic disease of cats frequently associated with feline leukemia virus infection.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.
A CELL LINE derived from the kidney of the African green (vervet) monkey, (CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS) used primarily in virus replication studies and plaque assays.
Specific molecular components of the cell capable of recognizing and interacting with a virus, and which, after binding it, are capable of generating some signal that initiates the chain of events leading to the biological response.
Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.
The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.
Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.
Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.
Proteins found in any species of virus.
A condition of chronic gastroenteritis in adult pigs and fatal gastroenteritis in piglets caused by a CORONAVIRUS.
The complete genetic complement contained in a DNA or RNA molecule in a virus.
A species of CERCOPITHECUS containing three subspecies: C. tantalus, C. pygerythrus, and C. sabeus. They are found in the forests and savannah of Africa. The African green monkey (C. pygerythrus) is the natural host of SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS and is used in AIDS research.
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
Virus diseases caused by the Lentivirus genus. They are multi-organ diseases characterized by long incubation periods and persistent infection.
The family of civets which are small and medium-sized Old World carnivores, often striped or spotted.
Zinc-binding metalloproteases that are members of the type II integral membrane metalloproteases. They are expressed by GRANULOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and their precursors as well as by various non-hematopoietic cells. They release an N-terminal amino acid from a peptide, amide or arylamide.
Suspensions of attenuated or killed viruses administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious viral disease.
The measurement of infection-blocking titer of ANTISERA by testing a series of dilutions for a given virus-antiserum interaction end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (CPE) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (ID50) or die (LD50).
The cat family in the order CARNIVORA comprised of muscular, deep-chested terrestrial carnivores with a highly predatory lifestyle.
Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity.
Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.
An enzyme that catalyses RNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time, and can initiate a chain de novo. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p293)
Proteins encoded by a VIRAL GENOME that are produced in the organisms they infect, but not packaged into the VIRUS PARTICLES. Some of these proteins may play roles within the infected cell during VIRUS REPLICATION or act in regulation of virus replication or VIRUS ASSEMBLY.
Proteins associated with the inner surface of the lipid bilayer of the viral envelope. These proteins have been implicated in control of viral transcription and may possibly serve as the "glue" that binds the nucleocapsid to the appropriate membrane site during viral budding from the host cell.
An acute, highly contagious virus disease of turkeys characterized by chilling, anorexia, decreased water intake, diarrhea, dehydration and weight loss. The infectious agent is a CORONAVIRUS.
A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).
A protein-nucleic acid complex which forms part or all of a virion. It consists of a CAPSID plus enclosed nucleic acid. Depending on the virus, the nucleocapsid may correspond to a naked core or be surrounded by a membranous envelope.
The entering of cells by viruses following VIRUS ATTACHMENT. This is achieved by ENDOCYTOSIS, by direct MEMBRANE FUSION of the viral membrane with the CELL MEMBRANE, or by translocation of the whole virus across the cell membrane.
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
Viruses which lack a complete genome so that they cannot completely replicate or cannot form a protein coat. Some are host-dependent defectives, meaning they can replicate only in cell systems which provide the particular genetic function which they lack. Others, called SATELLITE VIRUSES, are able to replicate only when their genetic defect is complemented by a helper virus.
The functional hereditary units of VIRUSES.
A subgenus of LENTIVIRUS comprising viruses that produce multi-organ disease with long incubation periods in cats.
The region of southwest Asia and northeastern Africa usually considered as extending from Libya on the west to Afghanistan on the east. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988)
Diseases of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). This term does not include diseases of wild dogs, WOLVES; FOXES; and other Canidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.
ENDOPEPTIDASES which have a cysteine involved in the catalytic process. This group of enzymes is inactivated by CYSTEINE PROTEINASE INHIBITORS such as CYSTATINS and SULFHYDRYL REAGENTS.
Infectious diseases that are novel in their outbreak ranges (geographic and host) or transmission mode.
A genus in the family FELIDAE comprising one species, Puma concolor. It is a large, long-tailed, feline of uniform color. The names puma, cougar, and mountain lion are used interchangeably for this species. There are more than 20 subspecies.
Large, chiefly nocturnal mammals of the cat family FELIDAE, species Panthera leo. They are found in Africa and southern Asia.
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in animals due to viral infection.
Order of mammals whose members are adapted for flight. It includes bats, flying foxes, and fruit bats.
The binding of virus particles to receptors on the host cell surface. For enveloped viruses, the virion ligand is usually a surface glycoprotein as is the cellular receptor. For non-enveloped viruses, the virus CAPSID serves as the ligand.
A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.
Visible morphologic changes in cells infected with viruses. It includes shutdown of cellular RNA and protein synthesis, cell fusion, release of lysosomal enzymes, changes in cell membrane permeability, diffuse changes in intracellular structures, presence of viral inclusion bodies, and chromosomal aberrations. It excludes malignant transformation, which is CELL TRANSFORMATION, VIRAL. Viral cytopathogenic effects provide a valuable method for identifying and classifying the infecting viruses.
The infective system of a virus, composed of the viral genome, a protein core, and a protein coat called a capsid, which may be naked or enclosed in a lipoprotein envelope called the peplos.
The temporal sequence of events that have occurred.
The assembly of VIRAL STRUCTURAL PROTEINS and nucleic acid (VIRAL DNA or VIRAL RNA) to form a VIRUS PARTICLE.
The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.
A genus of long-legged, swift-moving felines (FELIDAE) from Africa (and formerly Asia) about the size of a small leopard.
Acute inflammation of the intestine associated with infectious DIARRHEA of various etiologies, generally acquired by eating contaminated food containing TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL derived from BACTERIA or other microorganisms. Dysentery is characterized initially by watery FECES then by bloody mucoid stools. It is often associated with ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; and DEHYDRATION.
Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).
A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.
The specificity of a virus for infecting a particular type of cell or tissue.
A species of the genus PARVOVIRUS and a host range variant of FELINE PANLEUKOPENIA VIRUS. It causes a highly infectious fulminating ENTERITIS in dogs producing high mortality. It is distinct from CANINE MINUTE VIRUS, a species in the genus BOCAVIRUS. This virus can also infect cats and mink.
An order of MAMMALS, usually flesh eaters with appropriate dentition. Suborders include the terrestrial carnivores Fissipedia, and the aquatic carnivores PINNIPEDIA.
Viral infections of the brain, spinal cord, meninges, or perimeningeal spaces.
Proteins which are synthesized as a single polymer and then cleaved into several distinct proteins.
An order comprising three families of eukaryotic viruses possessing linear, nonsegmented, positive sense RNA genomes. The families are CORONAVIRIDAE; ARTERIVIRIDAE; and RONIVIRIDAE.
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
Viral proteins that are components of the mature assembled VIRUS PARTICLES. They may include nucleocapsid core proteins (gag proteins), enzymes packaged within the virus particle (pol proteins), and membrane components (env proteins). These do not include the proteins encoded in the VIRAL GENOME that are produced in infected cells but which are not packaged in the mature virus particle,i.e. the so called non-structural proteins (VIRAL NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEINS).
Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.
A peptidyl-dipeptidase that catalyzes the release of a C-terminal dipeptide, -Xaa-*-Xbb-Xcc, when neither Xaa nor Xbb is Pro. It is a Cl(-)-dependent, zinc glycoprotein that is generally membrane-bound and active at neutral pH. It may also have endopeptidase activity on some substrates. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.4.15.1.
Viruses which enable defective viruses to replicate or to form a protein coat by complementing the missing gene function of the defective (satellite) virus. Helper and satellite may be of the same or different genus.
In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.
The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.
Method for measuring viral infectivity and multiplication in CULTURED CELLS. Clear lysed areas or plaques develop as the VIRAL PARTICLES are released from the infected cells during incubation. With some VIRUSES, the cells are killed by a cytopathic effect; with others, the infected cells are not killed but can be detected by their hemadsorptive ability. Sometimes the plaque cells contain VIRAL ANTIGENS which can be measured by IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE.
Production of new arrangements of DNA by various mechanisms such as assortment and segregation, CROSSING OVER; GENE CONVERSION; GENETIC TRANSFORMATION; GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; or mixed infection of viruses.
Animals or humans raised in the absence of a particular disease-causing virus or other microorganism. Less frequently plants are cultivated pathogen-free.
Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.
Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.
DNA sequences that form the coding region for retroviral enzymes including reverse transcriptase, protease, and endonuclease/integrase. "pol" is short for polymerase, the enzyme class of reverse transcriptase.
The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.
The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.
Diseases of domestic cattle of the genus Bos. It includes diseases of cows, yaks, and zebus.
An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.
Specific hemagglutinin subtypes encoded by VIRUSES.
Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic factors influence the differential control of gene action in viruses.
Hoofed mammals with four legs, a big-lipped snout, and a humped back belonging to the family Camelidae.
Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.
A family of RNA viruses infecting a broad range of animals. Most individual species are restricted to their natural hosts. They possess a characteristic six-pointed starlike shape whose surfaces have cup-shaped (chalice) indentions. Transmission is by contaminated food, water, fomites, and occasionally aerosolization of secretions. Genera include LAGOVIRUS; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; SAPPORO-LIKE VIRUSES; and VESIVIRUS.
A family in the suborder Feliformia, order CARNIVORA, comprising one genus Nandinia binotata.
Diseases of non-human animals that may be transmitted to HUMANS or may be transmitted from humans to non-human animals.
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
A general term indicating inflammation of the BRAIN and SPINAL CORD, often used to indicate an infectious process, but also applicable to a variety of autoimmune and toxic-metabolic conditions. There is significant overlap regarding the usage of this term and ENCEPHALITIS in the literature.
Proteins, usually glycoproteins, found in the viral envelopes of a variety of viruses. They promote cell membrane fusion and thereby may function in the uptake of the virus by cells.
A general term for diseases produced by viruses.
A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.
Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.
The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.
A genus in the family FELIDAE comprising felines with long legs, ear tufts, and a short tail.
Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by a viral infection.
Virus diseases caused by the RETROVIRIDAE.
Family of RNA viruses that infects birds and mammals and encodes the enzyme reverse transcriptase. The family contains seven genera: DELTARETROVIRUS; LENTIVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE B, MAMMALIAN; ALPHARETROVIRUS; GAMMARETROVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE D; and SPUMAVIRUS. A key feature of retrovirus biology is the synthesis of a DNA copy of the genome which is integrated into cellular DNA. After integration it is sometimes not expressed but maintained in a latent state (PROVIRUSES).
Animate or inanimate sources which normally harbor disease-causing organisms and thus serve as potential sources of disease outbreaks. Reservoirs are distinguished from vectors (DISEASE VECTORS) and carriers, which are agents of disease transmission rather than continuing sources of potential disease outbreaks.
A catarrhal disorder of the upper respiratory tract, which may be viral or a mixed infection. It generally involves a runny nose, nasal congestion, and sneezing.
Animals considered to be wild or feral or not adapted for domestic use. It does not include wild animals in zoos for which ANIMALS, ZOO is available.
Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.
Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.
A genus of the family ARTERIVIRIDAE, in the order NIDOVIRALES. The type species is ARTERITIS VIRUS, EQUINE.
Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.
A proteolytic enzyme obtained from Carica papaya. It is also the name used for a purified mixture of papain and CHYMOPAPAIN that is used as a topical enzymatic debriding agent. EC 3.4.22.2.
The outer protein protective shell of a virus, which protects the viral nucleic acid.
Multinucleated masses produced by the fusion of many cells; often associated with viral infections. In AIDS, they are induced when the envelope glycoprotein of the HIV virus binds to the CD4 antigen of uninfected neighboring T4 cells. The resulting syncytium leads to cell death and thus may account for the cytopathic effect of the virus.
Fusion of somatic cells in vitro or in vivo, which results in somatic cell hybridization.
The former British crown colony located off the southeast coast of China, comprised of Hong Kong Island, Kowloon Peninsula, and New Territories. The three sites were ceded to the British by the Chinese respectively in 1841, 1860, and 1898. Hong Kong reverted to China in July 1997. The name represents the Cantonese pronunciation of the Chinese xianggang, fragrant port, from xiang, perfume and gang, port or harbor, with reference to its currents sweetened by fresh water from a river west of it.
Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE.
The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.
The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.
Diseases characterized by loss or dysfunction of myelin in the central or peripheral nervous system.
Genus of non-oncogenic retroviruses which establish persistent infections in many animal species but are considered non-pathogenic. Its species have been isolated from primates (including humans), cattle, cats, hamsters, horses, and sea lions. Spumaviruses have a foamy or lace-like appearance and are often accompanied by syncytium formation. SIMIAN FOAMY VIRUS is the type species.
Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.
The interactions between a host and a pathogen, usually resulting in disease.
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.
The adherence and merging of cell membranes, intracellular membranes, or artificial membranes to each other or to viruses, parasites, or interstitial particles through a variety of chemical and physical processes.
Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.
Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.
The naturally occurring or experimentally induced replacement of one or more AMINO ACIDS in a protein with another. If a functionally equivalent amino acid is substituted, the protein may retain wild-type activity. Substitution may also diminish, enhance, or eliminate protein function. Experimentally induced substitution is often used to study enzyme activities and binding site properties.
Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.
Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.
EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES based on the detection through serological testing of characteristic change in the serum level of specific ANTIBODIES. Latent subclinical infections and carrier states can thus be detected in addition to clinically overt cases.
Any of various enzymatically catalyzed post-translational modifications of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS in the cell of origin. These modifications include carboxylation; HYDROXYLATION; ACETYLATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; METHYLATION; GLYCOSYLATION; ubiquitination; oxidation; proteolysis; and crosslinking and result in changes in molecular weight and electrophoretic motility.
Mucopolysaccharidosis with excessive CHONDROITIN SULFATE B in urine, characterized by dwarfism and deafness. It is caused by a deficiency of N-ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE-4-SULFATASE (arylsulfatase B).
The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.
Viruses that produce tumors.
Viruses whose genetic material is RNA.
A family of enveloped, linear, double-stranded DNA viruses infecting a wide variety of animals. Subfamilies, based on biological characteristics, include: ALPHAHERPESVIRINAE; BETAHERPESVIRINAE; and GAMMAHERPESVIRINAE.
A subfamily of HERPESVIRIDAE characterized by a short replication cycle. The genera include: SIMPLEXVIRUS; VARICELLOVIRUS; MAREK'S DISEASE-LIKE VIRUSES; and ILTOVIRUS.
DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.
The degree of similarity between sequences. Studies of AMINO ACID SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY and NUCLEIC ACID SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY provide useful information about the genetic relatedness of genes, gene products, and species.
Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.
Antibodies that reduce or abolish some biological activity of a soluble antigen or infectious agent, usually a virus.
Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.
A directed change in translational READING FRAMES that allows the production of a single protein from two or more OVERLAPPING GENES. The process is programmed by the nucleotide sequence of the MRNA and is sometimes also affected by the secondary or tertiary mRNA structure. It has been described mainly in VIRUSES (especially RETROVIRUSES); RETROTRANSPOSONS; and bacterial insertion elements but also in some cellular genes.
Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS.
The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.
A glycoprotein that is secreted into the luminal surface of the epithelia in the gastrointestinal tract. It is found in the feces and pancreaticobiliary secretions and is used to monitor the response to colon cancer treatment.
Methods used for studying the interactions of antibodies with specific regions of protein antigens. Important applications of epitope mapping are found within the area of immunochemistry.
Genetically engineered MUTAGENESIS at a specific site in the DNA molecule that introduces a base substitution, or an insertion or deletion.
Process of growing viruses in live animals, plants, or cultured cells.
The sequence at the 5' end of the messenger RNA that does not code for product. This sequence contains the ribosome binding site and other transcription and translation regulating sequences.
Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.
An enzyme from the sulfuric ester hydrolase class that breaks down one of the products of the chondroitin lyase II reaction. EC 3.1.6.9.
The expelling of virus particles from the body. Important routes include the respiratory tract, genital tract, and intestinal tract. Virus shedding is an important means of vertical transmission (INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL).
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)
A serotonin antagonist with limited antihistaminic, anticholinergic, and immunosuppressive activity.
The study of crystal structure using X-RAY DIFFRACTION techniques. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Minute infectious agents whose genomes are composed of DNA or RNA, but not both. They are characterized by a lack of independent metabolism and the inability to replicate outside living host cells.
Deletion of sequences of nucleic acids from the genetic material of an individual.
The species Delphinapterus leucas, in the family Monodontidae, found primarily in the Arctic Ocean and adjoining seas. They are small WHALES lacking a dorsal fin.
Proteins found mainly in icosahedral DNA and RNA viruses. They consist of proteins directly associated with the nucleic acid inside the NUCLEOCAPSID.
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of acetate esters and water to alcohols and acetate. EC 3.1.1.6.
Carnivores of genus Mustela of the family MUSTELIDAE. The European mink, which has white upper and lower lips, was widely trapped for commercial purposes and is classified as endangered. The American mink, lacking a white upper lip, is farmed commercially.
A form of fluorescent antibody technique commonly used to detect serum antibodies and immune complexes in tissues and microorganisms in specimens from patients with infectious diseases. The technique involves formation of an antigen-antibody complex which is labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)
Interferon secreted by leukocytes, fibroblasts, or lymphoblasts in response to viruses or interferon inducers other than mitogens, antigens, or allo-antigens. They include alpha- and beta-interferons (INTERFERON-ALPHA and INTERFERON-BETA).
Agglutination of ERYTHROCYTES by a virus.
A genus of the family CORONAVIRIDAE characterized by enveloped, peplomer-bearing particles containing an elongated tubular nucleocapsid with helical symmetry. Toroviruses have been found in association with enteric infections in horses (Berne virus), cattle (Breda virus), swine, and humans. Transmission probably takes place via the fecal-oral route.
Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.
A family of small RNA viruses comprising some important pathogens of humans and animals. Transmission usually occurs mechanically. There are nine genera: APHTHOVIRUS; CARDIOVIRUS; ENTEROVIRUS; ERBOVIRUS; HEPATOVIRUS; KOBUVIRUS; PARECHOVIRUS; RHINOVIRUS; and TESCHOVIRUS.
DNA sequences that form the coding region for the viral envelope (env) proteins in retroviruses. The env genes contain a cis-acting RNA target sequence for the rev protein (= GENE PRODUCTS, REV), termed the rev-responsive element (RRE).
Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.
The first continuously cultured human malignant CELL LINE, derived from the cervical carcinoma of Henrietta Lacks. These cells are used for VIRUS CULTIVATION and antitumor drug screening assays.
Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.
The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.

Selection of antigenic variants of the S glycoprotein of feline infectious peritonitis virus and analysis of antigenic sites involved in neutralization. (1/92)

The type II feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) epitopes for neutralizing and enhancing antibodies are present on large spike glycoprotein (S) protein. In this study, we established monoclonal antibody-resistant mutant viruses resistant to three different monoclonal antibodies with neutralizing activity in Felis catus whole fetus cells and enhancing activity in feline macrophages, recognizing distinct epitopes on type II FIPV S protein. By comparing the nucleotide sequences of these mutant viruses with that of wild-type virus, we attempted to identify the neutralizing epitopes. The mutations were localized in the region of amino acid residues from 480 to 649 from the N terminal of the S protein.  (+info)

Retargeting of coronavirus by substitution of the spike glycoprotein ectodomain: crossing the host cell species barrier. (2/92)

Coronaviruses generally have a narrow host range, infecting one or just a few species. Using targeted RNA recombination, we constructed a mutant of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) in which the ectodomain of the spike glycoprotein (S) was replaced with the highly divergent ectodomain of the S protein of feline infectious peritonitis virus. The resulting chimeric virus, designated fMHV, acquired the ability to infect feline cells and simultaneously lost the ability to infect murine cells in tissue culture. This reciprocal switch of species specificity strongly supports the notion that coronavirus host cell range is determined primarily at the level of interactions between the S protein and the virus receptor. The isolation of fMHV allowed the localization of the region responsible for S protein incorporation into virions to the carboxy-terminal 64 of the 1,324 residues of this protein. This establishes a basis for further definition of elements involved in virion assembly. In addition, fMHV is potentially the ideal recipient virus for carrying out reverse genetics of MHV by targeted RNA recombination, since it presents the possibility of selecting recombinants, no matter how defective, that have regained the ability to replicate in murine cells.  (+info)

Assembly of spikes into coronavirus particles is mediated by the carboxy-terminal domain of the spike protein. (3/92)

The type I glycoprotein S of coronavirus, trimers of which constitute the typical viral spikes, is assembled into virions through noncovalent interactions with the M protein. Here we demonstrate that incorporation is mediated by the short carboxy-terminal segment comprising the transmembrane and endodomain. To this aim, we used the virus-like particle (VLP) system that we developed earlier for the mouse hepatitis virus strain A59 (MHV-A59) and which we describe now also for the unrelated coronavirus feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV; strain 79-1146). Two chimeric MHV-FIPV S proteins were constructed, consisting of the ectodomain of the one virus and the transmembrane and endodomain of the other. These proteins were tested for their incorporation into VLPs of either species. They were found to assemble only into viral particles of the species from which their carboxy-terminal domain originated. Thus, the 64-terminal-residue sequence suffices to draw the 1308 (MHV)- or 1433 (FIPV)-amino-acid-long mature S protein into VLPs. Both chimeric S proteins appeared to cause cell fusion when expressed individually, suggesting that they were biologically fully active. This was indeed confirmed by incorporating one of the proteins into virions which thereby acquired a new host cell tropism, as will be reported elsewhere.  (+info)

Molecular determinants of species specificity in the coronavirus receptor aminopeptidase N (CD13): influence of N-linked glycosylation. (4/92)

Aminopeptidase N (APN), a 150-kDa metalloprotease also called CD13, serves as a receptor for serologically related coronaviruses of humans (human coronavirus 229E [HCoV-229E]), pigs, and cats. These virus-receptor interactions can be highly species specific; for example, the human coronavirus can use human APN (hAPN) but not porcine APN (pAPN) as its cellular receptor, and porcine coronaviruses can use pAPN but not hAPN. Substitution of pAPN amino acids 283 to 290 into hAPN for the corresponding amino acids 288 to 295 introduced an N-glycosylation sequon at amino acids 291 to 293 that blocked HCoV-229E receptor activity of hAPN. Substitution of two amino acids that inserted an N-glycosylation site at amino acid 291 also resulted in a mutant hAPN that lacked receptor activity because it failed to bind HCoV-229E. Single amino acid revertants that removed this sequon at amino acids 291 to 293 but had one or five pAPN amino acid substitution(s) in this region all regained HCoV-229E binding and receptor activities. To determine if other N-linked glycosylation differences between hAPN, feline APN (fAPN), and pAPN account for receptor specificity of pig and cat coronaviruses, a mutant hAPN protein that, like fAPN and pAPN, lacked a glycosylation sequon at 818 to 820 was studied. This sequon is within the region that determines receptor activity for porcine and feline coronaviruses. Mutant hAPN lacking the sequon at amino acids 818 to 820 maintained HCoV-229E receptor activity but did not gain receptor activity for porcine or feline coronaviruses. Thus, certain differences in glycosylation between coronavirus receptors from different species are critical determinants in the species specificity of infection.  (+info)

Adverse effects of feline IL-12 during DNA vaccination against feline infectious peritonitis virus. (5/92)

Cell-mediated immunity is thought to play a decisive role in protecting cats against feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a progressive and lethal coronavirus disease. In view of the potential of DNA vaccines to induce cell-mediated responses, their efficacy to induce protective immunity in cats was evaluated. The membrane (M) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins were chosen as antigens, because antibodies to the spike (S) protein of FIP virus (FIPV) are known to precipitate pathogenesis. However, vaccination by repeated injections of plasmids encoding these proteins did not protect kittens against challenge infection with FIPV. Also, a prime-boost protocol failed to afford protection, with priming using plasmid DNA and boosting using recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the same coronavirus proteins. Because of the role of IL-12 in initiating cell-mediated immunity, the effects of co-delivery of plasmids encoding the feline cytokine were studied. Again, IL-12 did not meet expectations - on the contrary, it enhanced susceptibility to FIPV challenge. This study shows that DNA vaccination failed to protect cats against FIP and that IL-12 may yield adverse effects when used as a cytokine adjuvant.  (+info)

Mutational analysis of the active centre of coronavirus 3C-like proteases. (6/92)

Formation of the coronavirus replication-transcription complex involves the synthesis of large polyprotein precursors that are extensively processed by virus-encoded cysteine proteases. In this study, the coding sequence of the feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) main protease, 3CL(pro), was determined. Comparative sequence analyses revealed that FIPV 3CL(pro) and other coronavirus main proteases are related most closely to the 3C-like proteases of potyviruses. The predicted active centre of the coronavirus enzymes has accepted unique replacements that were probed by extensive mutational analysis. The wild-type FIPV 3CL(pro) domain and 25 mutants were expressed in Escherichia coli and tested for proteolytic activity in a peptide-based assay. The data strongly suggest that, first, the FIPV 3CL(pro) catalytic system employs His(41) and Cys(144) as the principal catalytic residues. Second, the amino acids Tyr(160) and His(162), which are part of the conserved sequence signature Tyr(160)-Met(161)-His(162) and are believed to be involved in substrate recognition, were found to be indispensable for proteolytic activity. Third, replacements of Gly(83) and Asn(64), which were candidates to occupy the position spatially equivalent to that of the catalytic Asp residue of chymotrypsin-like proteases, resulted in proteolytically active proteins. Surprisingly, some of the Asn(64) mutants even exhibited strongly increased activities. Similar results were obtained for human coronavirus (HCoV) 3CL(pro) mutants in which the equivalent Asn residue (HCoV 3CL(pro) Asn(64)) was substituted. These data lead us to conclude that both the catalytic systems and substrate-binding pockets of coronavirus main proteases differ from those of other RNA virus 3C and 3C-like proteases.  (+info)

Detection of feline coronavirus in captive Felidae in the USA. (7/92)

Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is an important pathogen of domestic and nondomestic Felidae. Investigation into the prevalence of FCoV in exotic Felidae has relied primarily on serology. The usefulness of genetic detection of FCoV using reverse transcription and nested polymerase chain reaction (RT/nPCR) for viral screening was investigated. Seventy-five biologic samples, primarily feces, from captive felids from 11 institutions were tested using PCR. Serum samples collected from all but 12 of these animals were tested for antibodies to type I and type II FCoV by indirect immunofluorescence. Twenty-four animals were positive using RT/nPCR for virus. Twenty-nine animals were seropositive to type I and/or type II FCoV. From serologic data, infection with a virus antigenically related to FCoV type I occurred most commonly. Serology did not correlate with virus shedding because 13 animals were seronegative to FCoV type I and II but positive using RT/nPCR for virus. Conversely, 20 animals were seropositive but negative using RT/nPCR for FCoV. Some of the populations in which virus was detected had experienced health problems, including feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), necrotizing colitis, and mild enteritis. In addition to its role in FIP, this virus may play a role in gastrointestinal diseases of infected animals. This study demonstrates that FCoV is a significant infectious agent of captive felids because over half of the animals tested were positive by viral genetic detection, serology, or both. Dependence upon one method for detection of infection is unreliable.  (+info)

Switching species tropism: an effective way to manipulate the feline coronavirus genome. (8/92)

Feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV), a coronavirus, is the causative agent of an invariably lethal infection in cats. Like other coronaviruses, FIPV contains an extremely large positive-strand RNA genome of ca. 30 kb. We describe here the development and use of a reverse genetics strategy for FIPV based on targeted RNA recombination that is analogous to what has been described for the mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) (L. Kuo et al., J. Virol. 74:1393-1406, 2000). In this two-step process, we first constructed by targeted recombination a mutant of FIPV, designated mFIPV, in which the ectodomain of the spike glycoprotein was replaced by that of MHV. This switch allowed for the selection of the recombinant virus in murine cells: mFIPV grows to high titers in these cells but has lost the ability to grow in feline cells. In a second, reverse process, mFIPV was used as the recipient, and the reintroduction of the FIPV spike now allowed for selection of candidate recombinants by their regained ability to grow in feline cells. In this fashion, we reconstructed a wild-type recombinant virus (r-wtFIPV) and generated a directed mutant FIPV in which the initiation codon of the nonstructural gene 7b had been disrupted (FIPV Delta 7b). The r-wtFIPV was indistinguishable from its parental virus FIPV 79-1146 not only for its growth characteristics in tissue culture but also in cats, exhibiting a highly lethal phenotype. FIPV Delta 7b had lost the expression of its 7b gene but grew unimpaired in cell culture, confirming that the 7b glycoprotein is not required in vitro. We establish the second targeted RNA recombination system for coronaviruses and provide a powerful tool for the genetic engineering of the FIPV genome.  (+info)

TY - JOUR. T1 - Feline infectious peritonitis viruses arise by mutation from endemic feline enteric coronaviruses. AU - Vennema, Harry. AU - Poland, Amy. AU - Foley, Janet E. AU - Pedersen, Niels C. PY - 1998/3/30. Y1 - 1998/3/30. N2 - Feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) strains from six cats and three different geographic areas were compared genetically with feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) isolates obtained from cats inhabiting the same environments. Sequence comparisons were made from 1.2- to 8.9-kb segments on the 3 end of the genome. FECV/FIPV pairs from the same catteries or shelters were 97.3-99.5% related but were genetically distinct from FIPV and FECV strains obtained from cats living in geographically distinct environments. The high genetic similarity between FECVs and FIPVs from the same environment strongly suggested a common ancestry. Based on the presence of deletion mutations in the FIPVs and not in the FECVs, it was concluded that FIPVs evolved as mutants of FECVs. The ...
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a highly fatal systemic disease in cats, caused by feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection. FCoV usually has little clinical significance; however, a mutation of...
Feline coronaviruses (FCoV) exist as 2 biotypes: feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) and feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV). FECV causes subclinical infections; FIPV causes feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a systemic and fatal disease. It is thought that mutations in FECV enable infection of macrophages, causing FIP. However, the molecular basis for this biotype switch is unknown. We examined a furin cleavage site in the region between receptor-binding (S1) and fusion (S2) domains of the spike of serotype 1 FCoV. FECV sequences were compared with FIPV sequences. All FECVs had a conserved furin cleavage motif. For FIPV, there was a correlation with the disease and >1 substitution in the S1/S2 motif. Fluorogenic peptide assays confirmed that the substitutions modulate furin cleavage. We document a functionally relevant S1/S2 mutation that arises when FIP develops in a cat. These insights into FIP pathogenesis may be useful in development of diagnostic, prevention, and treatment measures
Coronaviruses are well known for their potential to change their host or tissue tropism, resulting in unpredictable new diseases and changes in pathogenicity; severe acute respiratory syndrome and feline coronaviruses, respectively, are the most recognized examples. Feline coronaviruses occur as 2 pathotypes: nonvirulent feline enteric coronaviruses (FECVs), which replicate in intestinal epithelium cells, and lethal feline infectious peritonitis viruses (FIPVs), which replicate in macrophages. Evidence indicates that FIPV originates from FECV by mutation, but consistent distinguishing differences have not been established. We sequenced the full genome of 11 viruses of each pathotype and then focused on the single most distinctive site by additionally sequencing hundreds of viruses in that region. As a result, we identified 2 alternative amino acid differences in the putative fusion peptide of the spike protein that together distinguish FIPV from FECV in >95% of cases. By these and perhaps other
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Provided is a method for determining whether a feline is infected with pathogenic Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus (FIPV) or Feline Enteric Infection Virus (FECV). The method involves determining t
What causes FIP?. FIP develops as a result of an adverse reaction to the feline enteric coronavirus. The feline enteric coronavirus is shed by infected animals in feces. An infected cat may shed some of the virus in feces, and when another cat comes along to investigate, the virus infects the new cat through the mouth and nose. When the cat is infected, the virus may be destroyed by the immune system or it may mutate, allowing it to take advantage of the hosts body and live undetected. This leads to the hosts body becoming infiltrated with the virus, causing pyogranulomas. Some cats infected by feline enteric coronavirus present with non-threatening flu like symptoms, and some develop FIP.. ...
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What Is Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)?. Feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection is very common in cats; around 40% of the domestic cat population has been FCoV infected, and this figure increases to 90% in multi-cat households.1-2 A study of owned cats in Sydney reported a seroprevalence of 34%.3 Natural infections with FCoV are often transient and asymptomatic or result in mild gastrointestinal disease. However, occasionally, FCoV infection results in the multisystemic disease of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP),4 the single most important infectious cause of death in young cats4. No cure for FIP exists and it is an extremely distressing disease to deal with, for both cat owners and veterinary surgeons.. What Causes FIP?. Viral factors are thought to be important, and a recent Dutch study5 has identified mutations in the FCoV spike protein that distinguish FIP-associated FCoVs from those not associated with FIP. By these and perhaps other mutations, the virus could acquire its macrophage ...
This could end up being important for the COVID-19 vaccine. Hypothetically speaking, if SARS-CoV-2 works like Dengue, which is also caused by an RNA virus, then anyone who has not tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 might actually be at increased risk for severe COVID-19 after vaccination, and only those who have already recovered from a bout of COVID-19 would be protected against severe illness by the vaccine.. To be clear, we do not know whether that is the case or not, but these are important areas of inquiry and the current vaccine trials will simply not be able to answer this important question.. The Swiss Medical Weekly paper9 also reviews the evidence of ADE in coronavirus infections, citing research showing inoculating cats against the feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) - a feline coronavirus - increases the severity of the disease when challenged with the same FIPV serotype as that in the vaccine.Experiments have shown immunization with a variety of SARS vaccines resulted in ...
This could end up being important for the COVID-19 vaccine. Hypothetically speaking, if SARS-CoV-2 works like Dengue, which is also caused by an RNA virus, then anyone who has not tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 might actually be at increased risk for severe COVID-19 after vaccination, and only those who have already recovered from a bout of COVID-19 would be protected against severe illness by the vaccine.. To be clear, we do not know whether that is the case or not, but these are important areas of inquiry and the current vaccine trials will simply not be able to answer this important question.. The Swiss Medical Weekly paper9 also reviews the evidence of ADE in coronavirus infections, citing research showing inoculating cats against the feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) - a feline coronavirus - increases the severity of the disease when challenged with the same FIPV serotype as that in the vaccine.Experiments have shown immunization with a variety of SARS vaccines resulted in ...
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is one of the leading causes of death among young cats [1]. Since FIP is an immune-mediated viral disease, studies using immunological approaches are crucial for a better understanding of the illness, particularly by using clinical samples of FIP cases before further studies utilizing experimental infection in cats could be justified. Detection of FCoV antigen in affected tissues by immunohistochemistry remains the gold standard in the confirmation of FIP [2].. One of the limitations of this study is that definitive confirmation of FIP was not made due to the unavailability of post-mortem samples. Therefore, the cats were selected based on their FCoV antibody and antigen status. In addition, the selected FCoV-positive cats were grouped according to the presence of peritoneal effusions at the time of clinical evaluation. Although we could not confirm the status of FIP in these cats, this study provides a preliminary examination on the array of immune mediators ...
Ankara Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi, Ankara Üniversitesi Beşevler 10.Yıl Yerleşkesi (Tandoğan Yerleşkesi) Ord. Prof. Dr.Şevket Aziz KANSU Binası B GİRİŞİ Kat:5​ Beşevler/ ...
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is caused by the FIP virus (FIPV), a highly virulent mutant form of feline coronavirus (FCoV). This disease is one of the most important infectious diseases in cats, and it is associated with high mortality, particularly among younger cats. In this study, we isolated a wild-type FIPV HRB-17 epidemic strain from the blood sample of household pet cat exhibiting th ...
Introduction. Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is an important feline pathogen world-wide. The enteric form of infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract, leading to asymptomatic infections, mild enteritis, or fatal infectious peritonitis in cats (Pedersen et. al., 1981). FCoV, an enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus (Lai et. al., 2007), is highly contagious among cats by the fecal-oral route. The virus is typically shed in feces by healthy recovered cats and can survive in the environment for up to 7 weeks (Hartmann, 2005). ...
The Cornell University Animal Health Diagnostic Center (AHDC) has seen a rise in the diagnosis of equine enteric coronavirus cases since initial outbreaks were investigated starting in 2010. The AHDC Veterinary Support Services veterinarians are attributing this increase in equine enteric coronavirus in our area of the Northeast to improved awareness of the disease and
The spike protein (S protein) is a large type I transmembrane protein ranging from 1,160 amino acids to 1,400 amino acids for feline coronavirus (FCoV)
Felin Infektiøs Peritonitis (FIP) er en dødelig og uhelbredelig bughindebetændelse, som rammer katte. Årsagen til sygdommen formodes at være en virus, som er en muteret version af Feline Enteric Coronavirus (FeCV), der ligesom aids er en muteret version af hiv. Der findes to typer af FIP: ...
Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus Model of a feline coronavirus. Coronaviridae (such as FIPV) are enveloped RNA viruses that are common in the intestinal tract of cats.…
Monocytes infected with feline infectious peritonitis virus, a coronavirus, express viral proteins in their plasma membranes. barrier. One minute after internalisation started, vesicles had passed the cortical actin, co-localised with microtubules and association with myosin 6 was lost. The vesicles were further transported over the microtubules and accumulated at the microtubule organising centre after 10 to 30?min. Intracellular trafficking over microtubules was mediated by MLCK, myosin 1 and a small actin tail. Since inhibiting MLCK with ML-7 was so efficient in blocking the internalisation pathway, this target can be used for the development of a new treatment for FIPV. Introduction Two genetically highly similar biotypes of coronaviruses are described in cats: feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) and feline enteric coronavirus (FECV). These coronaviruses can infect both cats and other members of the Felidae family. An infection with FECV is usually sub-clinical, except in young ...
FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS Navies 2011 Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a progressive, almost always fatal, viral disease of domestic cats. It affects some exotic cats, with the cheetah being particularly susceptible. It does not affect non-feline species, such as dogs. Etiology or Cause      Field strains of feline coronavirus vary in their ability to induce FIP. Some isolates cause FIP (feline infectious peritonitis virus [FIPV]others cause more localized GI disease) Mutations from feline enteric coronavirus to FIPV occur. FIP is thought to result from a mutation of the virus within the body, combined with the response of the immune system, leading to inflammation in various organ systems. FIPV and canine coronavirus are very closely related antigenically and may have crossed between hosts. Feline coronaviruses are fairly stable in the environment and, once dry, can survive for 4-6 wk. They are enveloped viruses and are destroyed by most household disinfectants, ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Serologic studies of naturally occurring feline infectious peritonitis.. AU - Pedersen, N. C.. PY - 1976/12. Y1 - 1976/12. N2 - Serum antibodies to the feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus were measured in cats, using an indirect fluorescent antibody procedure. Antibody titers of 1:400 to 1:25,600 were seen in cats with both effusive and noneffusive forms of FIP. About 87% of the normal cats in FIP problem catteries and 20% of the cats in the Davis, Ca, area also had antibody titers to the FIP virus, ranging from 1:25 to 1:400. Although the infection rate is high among cats, relatively few of the cats infected with the FIP virus ever develop clinically apparent FIP.. AB - Serum antibodies to the feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus were measured in cats, using an indirect fluorescent antibody procedure. Antibody titers of 1:400 to 1:25,600 were seen in cats with both effusive and noneffusive forms of FIP. About 87% of the normal cats in FIP problem catteries and 20% of ...
Cell-mediated immunity is thought to play a decisive role in protecting cats against feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a progressive and lethal coronavirus disease. In view of the potential of DNA vaccines to induce cell-mediated responses, their efficacy to induce protective immunity in cats was evaluated. The membrane (M) and nucleocapsid ... read more (N) proteins were chosen as antigens, because antibodies to the spike (S) protein of FIP virus (FIPV) are known to precipitate pathogenesis. However, vaccination by repeated injections of plasmids encoding these proteins did not protect kittens against challenge infection with FIPV. Also, a prime boost protocol failed to afford protection, with priming using plasmid DNA and boosting using recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the same coronavirus proteins. Because of the role of IL-12 in initiating cell-mediated immunity, the effects of co-delivery of plasmids encoding the feline cytokine were studied. Again, IL-12 did not meet expectations ...
Feline coronavirus infection is required for FIP, which is a mutated form. Coronavirus is a common infectious agent, especially in multi-cat households and catteries. It is shed from infected cats in the feces, can persist in the environment for several days, and infects other cats via inhalation or ingestion. In the majority of infected cats, it causes little or no problem. This becomes part of the challenge in diagnosing FIP: detecting the virus in samples (blood, feces, tissue) from a cat, or finding even high levels of antibodies to the virus in the cats blood (i.e. serology) doesnt offer much information. In fact, it is quite common for cats to be virus positive, even in blood, and to have high levels of antibody to the virus. It doesnt mean the cat has FIP, will develop FIP, or is protected against FIP.Feline infectious peritonitis is a diagnosis cat owners know and fear. It is both heartbreaking and frustrating - it strikes the young, it is not treatable and is inevitably fatal, it is ...
Feline infectious peritonitis is a fatal viral disease which is currently incurable by drugs. Also, there are no effective vaccines. Cyclosporin A (CsA) was recently shown in vitro to exert potent antiviral activities on several virus-host systems, including various coronaviruses. However, whether CsA has clinically relevant activity in vivo resistant to various coronaviruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, remains unknown. Herein, the authors report that treatment with CsA caused a sustained reduction in pleural fluid volume and viral copy number in a cat diagnosed with effusive feline infectious peritonitis. ...
FIP is a disease caused by a mutated (changed) strain of feline coronavirus. Unfortunately, routine blood testing for feline coronavirus is not clinically useful. Exposure to any strain of feline coronavirus will result in an immune response and the production of antibodies. A working diagnosis of FIP is typically made on the basis of the cats clinical history, as well as supportive laboratory data. Histopathology remains the best way to diagnose FIP in the living cat.
Common coronavirus infection of cats caused by the feline infectious peritonitis virus (CORONAVIRUS, FELINE). The disease is characterized by a long incubation period, fever, depression, loss of appetite, wasting, and progressive abdominal enlargement. Infection of cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage appears to be essential in FIP pathogenesis ...
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a rare and progressive disease caused by feline coronavirus (FCoV). Here is what you need to know about FIP.
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal disease in cats caused by a Coronavirus. During FIPv infection the T-cell population is depleted. This is seen in many other diseases, such as measles and AIDS. In these two diseases, the Dendritic Cell (DC) has been shown to play a role ... read more in T-cell depletion. This study endeavours to prove if such a mechanism exists in FIP. In order to investigate permissiveness of DCs for FIPv, a growth curve was produced. This growth curve showed prolonged viral reproduction to intermediate titres. As T-cell depletion during FIPv infection occurs at least partly through apoptosis, a TUNEL assay was used to evaluate this. FACS analysis of infected and non-infected co-cultures of DCs with Thymocytes revealed no difference in apoptosis levels. These data suggest that T-cell depletion during FIPv infection does not occur through apoptosis initiated by FIPv-infected DCs. show less ...
FIP is associated with a viral infection called feline coronavirus. There are many different strains of feline coronavirus, which differ in their ability to cause disease. Feline enteric coronavirus strains can mutate to the more harmful type of virus and cause FIP disease. Many of the clinical signs of FIP are vague and occur with other diseases found in cats. Most cats will develop the wet or effusive form of FIP, which refers to the accumulation of fluid in body cavities; fluid may accumulate in the abdomen. Unfortunately there are no laboratory tests available that can distinguish between the enteric coronavirus and the FIP-causing strains. FIP is fatal in almost all cases. Supportive treatments may extend longevity and improve quality of life, however, there is no specific cure. If your cat has FIP, other cats in your household may be at a greater risk for becoming infected with feline coronavirus.. ...
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ABSTRACT - Title: Association between clinical presentation, viral load and antibody titre in Feline Infectious Peritonitis - Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a systemic disease, more common in young animals and cats from multi-cat households. The implicated agent is the Feline Coronavirus (FCoV), a positive sense single strand RNA enveloped virus. The S protein allows for the differentiation between the two virus serotypes. The FCoV is transmitted by faecal-oral route. Then the virus reaches the enterocytes where it replicates. The FCoV peculiar way to replicate facilitates the mutation which turns FCoV into its virulent form, the Virus of Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIPV). The only way to defeat the virus effectively is through the cellular immune response. The humoral response can even contribute to the disease pathogenesis. The leakage of plasma leads to abdominal, thoracic and/or pericardial effusion, which are typical features of the FIPs wet form. The effusions may result in ...
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal inflammatory disease caused by FIP virus an infection. mouse mAb 2C4-treated felines. of polybrene. in the dilution Fostamatinib disodium moderate filled with 1 of Actinomycin D (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.) and pre-incubated at 37C for 3 hr. Diluted mouse mAb 2C4 Serially, chimeric mAb 2C4 or anti feline APN mAb (mAb R-G-4, being a control for mAb 2C4) was blended with 40 recombinant fTNF-alpha (R&D systems, Minneapolis, MN, U.S.A., 75% cytotoxic activity against WEHI-164 cells) or ascites of felines with FIP which were utilized as organic feline TNF-alpha examples (last focus of just one 1:8, 80% cytotoxic activity against WEHI-164 cells). The mix was incubated at 37C for 1 hr. Pre-incubated cells had been seeded within a level of 50 in the wells of the 96-well dish. Fifty microliters from the mixture was added into each well. After incubation at 37C for 24 hr, Fostamatinib disodium 10 of WST-8 alternative (WST-8 cell proliferation assay ...
The Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP Antigen Rapid Test Device is a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for the qualitative detection of FIP viral antigens in feline feces or ascites.. The FIP test device has a testing window containing a T (test) region and C (control) region. FIP antigens, if present in the sample will react with the pre-coated anti-FIP antibodies in the test strip. The mixture then migrates upward on the membrane chromatographically by capillary action and reacts with anti-FIP antibodies on the membrane in the test line region. A coloured line will appear in the test line region, indicating a positive result. If the sample does not contain FIP antigens, a coloured line will not appear in the test line region, indicating a negative result. To serve as a procedural control, a coloured line will always appear in the control line region indicating that the test has been performed correctly. ...
FIP is the most misdiagnosed cat disease. Theres no FIP test. A series of tests must be done to confirm an FIP/Feline Infectious Peritonitis diagnosis.
Feline Infectious Peritonitis or FIP is a fatal viral disease that creates a lot of fear and confusion in shelters. Find out information on the causes, transmissions, symptoms, and treatments.
Learn about the veterinary topic of Overview of Feline Infectious Peritonitis. Find specific details on this topic and related topics from the MSD Vet Manual.
Feline infectious peritonitis, or FIP, a viral disease that is nearly 100 percent fatal, has been successfully treated in a research project at Kansas State University. Collaborators in diverse fields developed an antiviral compound for the feline coronavirus associated with FIP. Manuel Martin-Flores, MV, , ACVAA, of the Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine will present preliminary results of his research on safer anesthesia for cats at the annual meeting of the American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia in September. Dr. Martin-Flores is one of only 220 anesthesiologists board-certified worldwide by the college.
In the past, expression of a viral protein, the 7b protein, was postulated to occur only with virulent FCoV, and thus some authors have held that cats with antibodies to this protein were likely to have FIP. A presentation by Kennedy (Kennedy MA. Diagnostic methods for feline viral pathogens. Proc. 21st ACVIM Forum, Charlotte, NC, 2003, 733-735) stated that while cats with FIP are consistently antibody positive for this protein, it may also be present in healthy cats ...
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Feline coronavirus quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction on effusion samples in cats with and without feline infectious peritonitis. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
Accurate and up to date information on FCoV, the cause of FIP, from Dr Diane Addie, lecturer and researcher in this field based at Glasgow University, UK. ...
The most commonly available antiviral drugs for treating FIP are either feline recombinant interferon omega (Virbagen Omega, Virbac) or human interferon. Since the action of interferon is species-specific, feline interferon is more efficacious than human interferon. An experimental drug called GS-441524 was used in a field trial of 31 cats. After 25 days, five cats had died, eight had been cured and subsequently relapsed, and 18 had been cured without any subsequent relapses. The eight who relapsed were treated again, some with higher doses. Of these eight, one died and seven were cured, meaning that 25 of the 31 cats were ultimately cured of FIP. Although the drug is not yet (as of 2019) commercially available in the United States, this study is considered very promising and may lead to commercially available medication for the treatment of FIP.[15] An experimental antiviral drug called GC 376 was used in a field trial of 20 cats: 7 cats went into remission, 13 cats responded initially but ...
The disease is caused by a virus which is often found in healthy cats and usually causes no major health problems. However, in some cats it causes serious disease.. The disease has two different forms. The more common form is called wet FIP because the blood vessels leak, fluid oozes out of the blood and the cats belly swells. This may also occur in the chest stopping the cat from breathing properly. The less common form of the disease is dry FIP in which there is no build up of fluid but thick scar tissue develops on the cats internal organs. Except in rare cases, wet FIP is fatal within about five weeks of diagnosis. The dry form is equally deadly but affected cats may survive for a few months. The accompanying picture shows a cat with wet FIP.. ...
I want to point out first and foremost that I am not a veterinarian, nor even a person who has training in animal science such as a veterinary technician. I am a graduate student of physical anthropology, and an ailurophile. My goal with these FAQs is to take information from the medical literature and convey the parts that are most useful to the average cat owner and translate them into general terms that are easy to understand. I attempted to keep the FAQ as untechnical as possible, but unfortunately with such a complex disease that becomes very difficult. I hope this prooves to be of some usefulness. Also keep in mind that this disease is one of the most controversial subjects in feline health care. This is not a definitive guide to FIP, but only an attempt to compile the most current information. Ideally the reader of this FAQ should use this as a starting point when discussing FIP with their veterinarian. Vets and breeders will hold a wide variety of opinions on this disease, some of which ...
There are many infectious organisms that cause illness in our feline friends. One of the most noteworthy diseases in feline infectious peritonitis. This weeks post is dedicated to sharing important information about the debilitating and deadly condition to raise awareness. I hope you find the information helpful. Happy reading! What is feline infectious peritonitis? Feline … [Read more…]. ...
Marcy Very Much is a lifestyle brand about felines and fashion, with cat-themed merch and conversations between founder Cynthia Mance and her moody cat Marcy.
OLIVEIRA, Fabiano Nunes de; RAFFI, Margarida Buss; SOUZA, Tatiana Mello de and BARROS, Claudio Severo Lombardo de. Feline infectious peritonitis: 13 cases. Cienc. Rural [online]. 2003, vol.33, n.5, pp.905-911. ISSN 1678-4596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-84782003000500018.. In a survey carried out in tissue specimens from 638 necropsied cats, 13 cases (2.03%) of feline infectious peritonitis were found. Eight of those (61.53%) were of the effusive or wet form and five had the dry non-effusive form of the disease. Ages of affected cats varied from 2-months to 3 yeas. Twelve affected cats (92.30%) were purebreds, five of these cats (38.47%) came from households with more than one cat and three of them came from the same comercial cat raising facility. The duration of clinical courses were 7-45 days and clinical signs included loss of weight, anorexia, diarrhea, jaundice, vomiting, swollen lymph nodes, and neurological disturbances. Necropsy findings, in the wet form included excess of yellowish ...
Neurological and Ocular FIP cats require 7mg/kg MINIMUM, and can go as high as 10mg/kg for extreme ocular or neurological cases.. A dosing calculator can be found here.. It is important to note that the dosage should not be reduced during the course of treatment, regardless of how well the cat is responding. Conversely, if the cat is not responding to the starting dosage, it is safe to increase. It is also crucial to check the cats weight often, and adjust the daily dose accordingly.. The only known side effect of GS441 is skin lesions or burns, due to the acidity of the solution (injectable form). For this reason, it is recommended to always clean the cats skin after giving an injection. Many owners also opt to give oral CBD oil or Hemp oil 30-60 minutes before injecting, to help minimize the stress. Topical lidocaine (without aloe) can also be used to help numb the injection site, but should be cleaned off immediately after the injection.. Supplemental Care When Using GS441 to Cure ...
There are 2 forms of FIP, wet and dry. In the dry form, Granulomas, tumor-like massses of tissue, usually occurring in a chronic inflammatory condition, form slowly. Signs to look for are loss of appetite, weight loss, lethargy, tremors, convulsions, incontinence, disorientation, to name a few. Cats with this form can live up to a year after diagnosis. The wet form signs are similar, weight loss, fever, loss of appetite, anemia, constipation or diarrhea. The cat develops a pot belly due to accumulations of abdominal fluids or can have respiratory problems due to accumulaion of chest fluids. Most cats do not survive this form and live only about 2 months after signs appear. There is a blood test called a titer to measure antibodies against the disease, but it is not completely accurate. Trials are ongoing to find drugs to kill or slow down the virus. At present Pfizer Pharmaceuticals makes a vaccine in nasal spray form, but it shows minimal effectiveness in preventing FIP. ...
Sensitivity, specificity, and PPV of the Rivalta test for the diagnosis of FIP were lower than previously reported except when used in young cats. The components in effusions that lead to a positive Rivalta test remain unknown, but the positivity is not simply related to high total protein concentra …
This weeks case is a 5-month-old female Siamese cat that was obtained from a shelter and has always been small and thin. It has been exhibiting decreased activity over the last month with sudden onset of tetraparesis. Feel free to post your interpretations in the comments. … [Read more...] ...
Dr. Elizabeth Berliner currently serves as the Director of Clinical Programs for Maddies® Shelter Medicine Program at Cornell University. She received her Bachelors in English Literature from Union College (Schenectady, NY), a Masters in English from Binghamton University and her DVM from Cornell University. She worked as a veterinarian both in private practice and in animal shelters in Baltimore, MD before returning to Cornell in January of 2010. Her recent projects include the launching of an official clinical rotation in shelter medicine for veterinary students, as well as creating other opportunities bridging veterinary student training with collaborative shelter and community programs. She also serves as a consultant and lead field veterinarian for the Humane Society Veterinary Medical Associations Rural Area Veterinary Services Program, which facilitates mobile spay/neuter and preventive medicine clinics in rural areas of the U.S. that are without access to routine veterinary ...
Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA is a global healthcare leader working to help the world be well. From developing new therapies that treat and prevent disease to helping people in need, we are committed to improving health and well-being around the world. The Merck Veterinary Manual was first published in 1955 as a service to the community. The legacy of this great resource continues as the Merck Veterinary Manual in the US and Canada and the MSD Manual outside of North America.. ...
Serologically coronavirus free kittens were placed in 2 catteries with a history of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), each cattery representing 1 of the 2 different predominant clinical characteristics of FIP--effusive and granulomatous. The kitte
The information on this blog is primarily about using HA! for animals. However the same scientific data that is used here for animals can be applied to people.This is the essence of One Health (OH) as described in the prior blog.. For example, did you know that theres nothing special about this virus? As with the coronavirus that causes Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP), the virus does not cause serious illness. OH information translated from other sciences describes it thoroughly.. The major difference in the current pandemic is that MDs are not used to treating such a widespread and potentially fatal virus. However, veterinarians deal with serious viruses like parvo, distemper and rabies almost every day.. For example, there is currently a rabbit virus, which is not a coronavirus, that can kill up to 80% of exposed bunnies. This is a scary situation for people who raise rabbits and fortunately, the mortality of SARS-CoV-2 is less than 3%.. ...
Clinical data from 488 cats (1979-2000) with histopathologically confirmed feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) and 620 comparable controls were evaluated retrospectively to assess the value of several diagnostic tests frequently used in the evaluation of cats with suspected FIP. Diagnostic utility of serum albumin to globulin ratio for the diagnosis of FIP was greater than of the utility of serum total protein and -/-globulin concentrations. Diagnostic utility of these variables was higher when performed on effusion. On effusion, positive and negative predictive values of Rivaltas test, a test that distinguishes between exudates and transudates (0.86 and 0.97), anti-coronavirus antibody detection (0.90 and 0.79), and immunofluorescence staining of coronavirus antigen in macrophages (1.00 and 0.57) were investigated. The positive and negative predictive values of presence of anti-coronavirus antibodies were 0.44 and 0.90, respectively, antibody concentrations (1:1,600) were 0.94 and 0.88, ...
Haijema et al., 2004: Haijema BJ, Volders H, Rottier PJ. Live, attenuated coronavirus vaccines through the directed deletion of group-specific genes provide protection against feline infectious peritonitis. Journal of virology. 2004; 78(8); 3863-3871. [PubMed: 15047802 ...
Furin cleavage assays of fluorogenic peptides. A) Synthetic fluorogenic peptides were generated with sequences matching consensus feline enteric coronavirus and
My friend's cat was recently diagnosed with FIP (feline infectious peritonitis). The Chinese (veterinarians) maintain this is a fatal disease. Can you help?
DENVER/November 30, 2017 - A new clinical trial funded in part by Morris Animal Foundation has resulted in a critical veterinary breakthrough - cats with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) in remission following treatment with a novel antiviral drug. This fatal viral disease previously had no effective treatment or cure.
Yesterday we lost our 6-month-old kitten, Ozzie. We had lived with him for about 4 months.. He had developed ascites, fluid in his belly, about 3 weeks ago. After reading about the causes of this condition online, none of which are treatable, and not being absolutely certain it was not just fat (he was still eating like a horse), I decided to live in denial until he showed other signs of illness.. Those came about this week. Wednesday evening he had trouble jumping up on the sofa, and I vowed to take him into the vet the next day. Unfortunately, he was minimally responsive the next morning. I rushed him to the Animal ER where feline infectious peritonitis , an incurable condition, was diagnosed.. Within an hour he died via euthanasia while I stroked his head and whispered about what a good cat he was.. Between this event, a visiting professor, and my people patients, my time online to blog has been a bit limited.. Goodbye, Ozzie. We didnt have you long, but we loved you bunches.. ...
So, OK, Kitten is now back from the vet. I said yesterday that he didnt look to be in terribly bad shape to me, but by this morning I was a lot less convinced about that... His eyes have gotten quite goopy, and I heard him sneeze a few times, which did not seem like a good sign. And, sure enough, the poor little guy is sick. Just how sick is another question. Apparently he has distemper, which fortunately is not as bad as the disease of the same name in dogs. I now have antibiotics and eye ointment to give him, and, also fortunately, the antibiotic course he needs to take will finish up a couple of days before I leave town, so at least he should be healthy by then. Or... maybe hell be healthy by then. There is also a possibility that he has FIP (feline infectious peritonitis). The vet took an x-ray, but the results were very ambiguous. I have another appointment to take him back in in a week, by which point she thinks it should be obvious whether he has it or not just by feeling his abdomen. ...
Summary by Carol Johnson DVM, Ph. D and Heather Lorimer Ph. D. Additional information from literature articles written by Dr. Pedersen has been added for clarification. Feline infectious peritonitis
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After subsequent discovery of canine coronavirus in dogs and feline coronavirus in cats, the three virus species were merged ... Alphacoronavirus 1 is a species of coronavirus that infects cats, dogs and pigs. It includes the virus strains feline ... It was again renamed Feline coronavirus in 1999. In 1974 there was an outbreak of viral infection among US military dogs. The ... There was another case of coronavirus infection in cats in 1966. The virus caused inflammation of the abdomen (peritonitis) and ...
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It is a receptor for human coronavirus 229E, feline coronavirus serotype II (FCoV-II), TGEV, PEDV and canine coronavirus ... 2020). "A tale of two viruses: the distinct spike glycoproteins of feline coronaviruses". Viruses. 12 (1): 83. doi:10.3390/ ... "Characterization of determinants involved in the feline infectious peritonitis virus receptor function of feline aminopeptidase ... Kolb AF, Maile J, Heister A, Siddell SG (October 1996). "Characterization of functional domains in the human coronavirus HCV ...
"Cat's Eyes on Glasgow: mum's the word". 28 March 2014. Retrieved 4 April 2014. Beaton, Connor. "Glasgow International arts ... "Here are the museums that have closed (so far) due to coronavirus". www.theartnewspaper.com. The Art Newspaper. Retrieved 6 ...
"Esquivar el coronavirus en Salvamento Marítimo: dos meses embarcado, dos meses de descanso". abc (in Spanish). 2020-04-02. ... https://ajuntament.barcelona.cat/en/noticia/commemorating-90-years-of-womens-suffrage_1104372. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty , ...
Is The Variant From India The Most Contagious Coronavirus Mutant On The Planet?». NPR, 14-05-2021. cited «Eighty-ninth SAGE ... 18,0 18,1 «Health service buckling as third coronavirus wave fuelled by Delta variant sweeps across South Africa» (en anglès), ... Callaway, Ewen «Delta coronavirus variant: scientists brace for impact» (en anglès). Nature, 595, 7865, 22-06-2021, pàg. 17-18 ... Problemes relacionats amb els drets humans en la pandèmia de coronavirus 2019-2020 ...
Cat Ellis. Prepping for a Pandemic: Life-Saving Supplies, Skills and Plans for Surviving an Outbreak. Simon and Schuster, 2015 ... Here's how coronavirus could become a pandemic-and why it matters, National Geographic, February 28, 2020 ...
This drug is also used off-label in cats and dogs, both by injection and orally.[9] The cross-species nature of IFN-α allow it ... "BRIEF-Zydus Explores Biologicals Route to Treat Coronavirus with Interferon Alpha-2B". Reuters. 20 April 2020.. ... Yang, LM; Xue, QH; Sun, L; Zhu, YP; Liu, WJ (February 2007). "Cloning and characterization of a novel feline IFN-omega". ... "Medikament aus Kuba zur Behandlung des Coronavirus bald auch in Deutschland?". 30 March 2020.. ...
"Goop Coronavirus Guide". Shouts & Murmurs. The New Yorker. Vol. XX, no. X. pp. XX. ... Episode: "I Need Some Balance" as Nostalgia Cat Awards and nominationsEdit. Year Association Category Nominated work Result Ref ...
Genomic epidemiology of novel coronavirus - Global subsampling (Filtered to B.1.617)». *↑ 54,0 54,1 Falta indicar la publicació ... Covid 19 coronavirus: Ultra-contagious Lambda variant detected in Australia». *↑ «COVID-19: Lambda variant may be more ... Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Situation Reports». World Health Organization. *↑ «Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 variants of ... A New Coronavirus Variant Is Spreading in New York, Researchers Report». The New York Times, 24-02-2021. ...
The coronavirus sped up that inevitable trend. Like many of you, I'm reinventing my life for a post-coronavirus world. The ... Adams" who hires former head of security Michael Garibaldi to locate his megalomaniacal dog and cat.[46] He had a cameo in " ... The coronavirus sped up that inevitable trend. Like many of you, I'm reinventing my life for a post-coronavirus world. The ... "Episode 840 Scott Adams: Conversation With Naval Ravikant About Coronavirus". Archived from the original on December 11, 2021 ...
Black Cat Press. ISBN 978-1926878133. .. *. Ness, Immanuel (2014). New Forms of Worker Organization: The Syndicalist and ... safety improvements and severance packages for employees laid off because of the coronavirus and Oregon's ongoing "shelter-in- ... The black cat symbol, created by IWW member Ralph Chaplin, is often used to signify sabotage or wildcat strikes. ... "Coronavirus fight: Some US worker unions become more aggressive". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020 ...
... cats, and human beings, are much easier to spot with ultraviolet. Urine trails of rodents can be detected by pest control ... "Scientists Consider Indoor Ultraviolet Light to Zap Coronavirus in the Air". The New York Times. Archived from the original on ...
They can accommodate up to twenty two dogs (the kennels will also take cats) in small and large cages.[36] ... "Queen Mary 2 cruise liner diverted to WA amid coronavirus fears". SBS News. 10 February 2020.. ... "Coronavirus cuts short Baker couple's voyage". Baker City Herald. Retrieved 3 May 2020 ...
CAT. FEA. 2 CAT. SPR. 4 MON. FEA. 1 SIL. FEA. 1 SIL. SPR. 1 MAG. FEA. 19 MAG. SPR. 5 HOC. FEA. 2 HOC. SPR. 3 HUN. FEA. 10 HUN. ... "Lewis Hamilton to miss Sakhir GP after testing positive for coronavirus". BBC Sport. Retrieved 1 December 2020.. ...
ingestion of material contaminated with infected dog or cat feces (humans: dead-end host) ... IV: Human coronavirus 229E/NL63/HKU1/OC43 *Common cold. *MERS coronavirus *Middle East respiratory syndrome ... ingestion of contaminated water food or soil with oocysts in cat feces that is more than one day old ...
Kawase was selected by the IOC in 2018 to cover Japanese reactions to the event and later, during the Coronavirus pandemic. ...
"Prevalence of antibodies to feline parvovirus, calicivirus, herpesvirus, coronavirus, and immunodeficiency virus and of feline ... Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a Lentivirus that affects cats worldwide, with 2.5% to 4.4%[1][2] of felines being ... Also, while the feline leukemia virus may cause symptomatic illness in an infected cat, an FIV infected cat can remain ... American Association of Feline Practitioners (2002), "Feline Immunodeficiency Virus", Cornell Feline Health Center, Cornell ...
... often infects other mammals including foxes, wolves, cats, and skunks.[1] Felines (cats) are also susceptible ... and canine coronavirus increase a dog's risk of severe infection.[3] Dogs infected with parvovirus usually die from the ... CPV2a and CPV2b have been isolated from a small percentage of symptomatic cats and is more common than feline panleukopenia in ... rather than feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV).[30] CPV2 may spread to cats easier than dogs and undergo faster rates of ...
March 2020, Cat Ellis 04. "How to get WhatsApp dark mode". TechRadar. Diarsipkan dari postingan asli pada 7 Maret 2020. DIakses ... "WhatsApp unveils $1M grant, info hub to fight coronavirus rumors". TechCrunch. Diakses kembali 11 Mei 2020. ...
On April 7, the infected owner of a cat called the CDC about bringing their cat to quarantine. The CDC bluntly responded that ... The COVID-19 pandemic is an ongoing viral pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019. It began in early 2020 as an outbreak in Hubei ... the "only thing they could do was to wait to be taken away and to give up on their cat". On May 9, live fish were recorded ...
However, due to the 2019-2020 Coronavirus pandemic, the show was presented from Tasker, Kaur, and Chapman's houses via video- ... Cat Henstridge, Bella Ramsey and Jenny Richardson.[citation needed] A New slime game started in Series 5 known as Mashtermind. ...
In response, public health officials have "reject[ed] comparisons to the early days of the coronavirus pandemic, when they ... "Qualitative assessment of the risk to the UK human population of monkeypox infection in a canine, feline, mustelid, lagomorph ... They noted that the novel coronavirus was unfamiliar, far deadlier and airborne, with hospitals overrun with patients at ...
Coronaviruses evade innate immunity during the first ten days of viral infection. In the early stages of infection, SARS-CoV-2 ... Bhatti Z, Berenson CS (February 2007). "Adult systemic cat scratch disease associated with therapy for hepatitis C". BMC ...
The Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme begins to wind down, with plans for it to cease at the end of September. Figures from HM ... "Covid-19: Two million booster jabs administered, and patient a 'cat with nine lives'". BBC News. 10 October 2021. Retrieved 10 ... Coronavirus: Lessons learned to date, a joint report published by the House of Commons Health and Social Care Committee and the ... The Coronavirus (Scotland) Act 2020 is due to expire in March 2022, but the Scottish Government would like to retain some ...
The group took part in the Sky One competition Sing: Ultimate A Cappella, hosted by Cat Deeley, in 2017. Under Kaan Harwood, ... In 2019 they performed their third Edinburgh Fringe show 'Minds Alight'. The coronavirus pandemic of 2020 closed down all ... The coronavirus pandemic of 2020 closed down all Edinburgh Festival performances and tourism but Sweet Nothings returned in ...
"Doja Cat Is Here to Stay With Whimsical Wordplay and Bars That Bite". XXL. Retrieved August 10, 2020. "'She's An Inspiration ... "Nicki Minaj tweets coronavirus vaccine conspiracy theory, spotlighting struggle against misinformation". Washington Post. ISSN ... "Nicki Minaj, Doja Cat Makes Guinness World Record With 'Say So'". December 15, 2021. Nicki Minaj is quickly cementing herself ... "Doja Cat's 'Say So,' Featuring Nicki Minaj, Tops Billboard Hot 100, Becoming the First No. 1 For Each". Billboard. Retrieved ...
... see Cri du chat Cat eye syndrome Cat Rodrigues syndrome Cat scratch disease Cataract Cataract, congenital ichthyosis Cataract ... Coronaro-cardiac fistula Coronary arteries congenital malformation Coronary artery aneurysm Coronary heart disease Coronavirus ... Cartwright-Nelson-Fryns syndrome Cassia-Stocco-Dos Santos syndrome Castleman's disease Castro-Gago-Pombo-Novo syndrome Cat cry ...
The domain catalangate.cat was registered by Òmnium Cultural on 28 January 2022 - months before the espionage scandal which ... to be messages from a Spanish governmental institution with public health recommendations in connection to the 2019 coronavirus ... "El CNI admite haber espiado a Aragonès y el entorno de Puigdemont con autorización". ElNacional.cat (in Spanish). 2022-05-05. ... "Espanya va espiar l'independentisme amb Pegasus, segons 'The New Yorker'". ElNacional.cat (in Catalan). 2022-04-18. Retrieved ...
"Covid 19 coronavirus: Cruise ship Le Lapérouse refused entry to NZ waters". The New Zealand Herald. 29 January 2021. Archived ... On 15 April 2020, Stuff reported that many pets included cats and dogs were stuck in transit at pet shipping companies and ... For example: "Coronavirus: Racing industry gets massive win as New Zealanders prepare for lockdown". NZ Racing Desk. Stuff. ... "Covid-19 coronavirus: Air New Zealand drops international flights to just 11 routes". The New Zealand Herald. 25 March 2020. ...
"Coronavirus: Top NYC doctor takes her own life". BBC News. London. 28 April 2020. Archived from the original on 28 April 2020. ... A telemedicine service allows patients to receive follow-up care remotely, a CAT-equipped ambulance (see below NYP-EMS) allows ... On a daily basis, these professionals operate under the most stressful of circumstances, and the Coronavirus has introduced ... After contracting the COVID-19 coronavirus whilst treating patients and returning to work after recuperation, the police ...
Other efforts to control the spread of disease include having a cat to hunt vermin, and storing food in sealed containers. ... Edward-Ekpu, Uwagbale (8 March 2020). "Nigeria is already dealing with a deadlier viral outbreak than the coronavirus epidemic ... Focus on infection control issues for novel coronaviruses (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV and Middle East Respiratory ...
The third logo, introduced in 1998, featured a keyhole shaped like the head of a cat with a Panther reaching through it. The ... due to the coronavirus pandemic. Only the Challenge Cup final was contested, with the subsequent play-offs also cancelled. On ...
"Coronavirus crisis and footy: The state of play". AFL Media. Telstra Medai. 20 March 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2020. Barrett, ... Guthrie, Ben (19 April 2015). "Courageous Cats defy injuries to hold on against Suns". AFL Media. Telstra Media. Archived from ... "AFL suspends season in response to coronavirus, with AFLW season cancelled - but NRL plays on for now". ABC News. Australian ... Barrett, Damien (10 March 2019). "Why coronavirus could force the AFL to play games without fans". AFL Media. Telstra Media. ...
"Two Die in Coronavirus Outbreak at Motion Picture Retirement Home". April 8, 2020. Archived from the original on March 2, 2021 ... Retrieved July 25, 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) "'Cat People,' 'Billy Budd': DeWitt Bodeen, 79; ... McNary, Dave (April 22, 2020). "'Magnum, P.I.,' 'Knight Rider' Producer Joel Rogosin Dies of Coronavirus at MPTF Retirement ... "First MPTF Nursing Home Retiree Tests Positive For Coronavirus; Two Others Showing Symptoms". April 2020. Archived from the ...
... and studies show that house cats—but apparently not dogs—can become infected. ... Can cats catch the new coronavirus from their owners? Can cats spread the disease to each other? And can people get infected by ... Coronavirus Can Infect Cats. *By W. Wayt Gibbs on April 6, 2020 ... deliberately squirted coronavirus into the noses of cats and ... So until its clearer whether the virus can leap back from cats to their owners, it would seem smart to keep your cats indoors ...
First known cat infected with coronavirus reported in Belgium By Lee Brown Social Links for Lee Brown * View Author Archive ... A cat in Belgian has tested positive for the coronavirus after catching the potentially deadly bug from an infected owner, ... As well as the cat, 7,284 people have been confirmed infected with coronavirus in Belgium, with almost 300 deaths, officials ... "The cat had diarrhea, kept vomiting and had breathing difficulties. The researchers found the virus in the cats feces," ...
The southern Chinese city of Shenzhen wants local restaurants to take dogs and cats off their menus as the country clamps down ... Chinese City Orders Cats, Dogs off the Menu After Coronavirus Outbreak. 28,387 Courtesy Animal Hope and Wellness Foundation. ... dogs and cats off their menus as the country clamps down on the wildlife trade scientists suspect led to the deadly coronavirus ... Each year in China, over 10 million dogs and four million cats are reportedly murdered for their meat. Most of these dogs are ...
While its highly unlikely that you can give COVID-19 to your cat if you are sick with the virus, experts say we should be ... It appears that while humans can pass the coronavirus on to cats, experts agree that getting coronavirus from a cat is ... It appears that while humans can pass the coronavirus on to cats, experts agree that getting coronavirus from a cat is ... Nor is it any reason to worry that your cat (or your neighbors) might be able to infect you or other cats with coronavirus, ...
Feline coronaviruses (FCoV) comprise two biotypes: feline enteric coronaviruses (FECV) and feline infectious peritonitis ... Pathogenic characteristics of persistent feline enteric coronavirus infection in cats. DSpace/Manakin Repository. ... a usually fatal systemic disease in domestic cats and some wild Felidae. FIPV arises from FECV by mutation. FCoV ... read more ... viruses (FIPV). FECV is associated with asymptomatic persistent enteric infections, while FIPV causes feline infectious ...
Study shows cats can easily spread coronavirus to each other - heres what that means for cat owners. By Caitlin OKane ... A team of researchers studied the transmission of the coronavirus between cats and found that felines are capable of infecting ... The researchers say that, given the need to stop the coronavirus pandemic, studying the role cats may play in the transmission ... They also say cat owners should keep their pets indoors to limit the interaction their cats have with other animals and people. ...
A new study suggests cats can send COVID-19 to other cats ... SHARE Cats can transfer coronavirus to other cats, study says. ... Cats can transfer coronavirus to other cats, study says. So what about humans?. A new study suggests cats can send COVID-19 to ... Animals and coronavirus. *The first two cats diagnosed with coronavirus came from New York, according to CNN. The two infected ... Cats and tigers from the Bronx Zoo tested positive, too. *Cats and other animals have been noted to receive the coronavirus ...
Structure of the C-terminal domain of nsp4 from feline coronavirus. Ioannis Manolaridis, Justyna A. Wojdyla, Santosh Panjikar, ... Structure of the C-terminal domain of nsp4 from feline coronavirus. / Manolaridis, Ioannis; Wojdyla, Justyna A.; Panjikar, ... Structure of the C-terminal domain of nsp4 from feline coronavirus. In: Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological ... A prototypical crystal structure at 2.8 Ã… resolution was obtained using nsp4 from feline coronavirus. Unmodified and SeMet- ...
Weve seen this happen with coronaviruses, the flu, Ebola - basically most major disease… ... You Might Have Given The Coronavirus To Your Cat. By Anna Rothschild and Maggie Koerth ... You also have the cat family, so everything from lions and tigers to your domestic kitty cat living in your living room, are ... In fact, cats seem to get it pretty easily from us. You also have nonhuman primates. So this has been an issue for gorillas as ...
Feline coronaviruses occur as 2 pathotypes: nonvirulent feline enteric coronaviruses (FECVs), which replicate in intestinal ... Spike protein fusion peptide and feline coronavirus virulence.. Emerging infectious diseases. 2012-07-01; 18.7: 1089-95.. ... severe acute respiratory syndrome and feline coronaviruses, respectively, are the most recognized examples. ... Coronaviruses are well known for their potential to change their host or tissue tropism, resulting in unpredictable new ...
Posted in animal sanctuary Tagged animal sanctuary, animal shelter, Belfast, cat sanctuary, coronavirus (2019-nCoV), good cat ... Cats and dogs are calmer at shelters when they are selected online because of the coronavirus pandemic. PoC Posted on November ... Cats and dogs are calmer at shelters when they are selected online because of the coronavirus pandemic - 1 Comment. *. Gail / ... Cats and dogs are calmer at shelters when they are selected online because of the coronavirus pandemic ...
... the virus behind the global coronavirus pandemic, according to a study. ... A drug used to treat deadly coronavirus infections in cats could potentially be an effective treatment against SARS-CoV-2, ... Drug used to treat coronavirus infections in cats may be effective against Covid-19: Study. A drug used to treat deadly ... TORONTO: A drug used to treat deadly coronavirus infections in cats could potentially be an effective treatment against SARS- ...
Tracking the Coronavirus DATA: How many COVID-19 cases have been reported … Set for School / 2 months ago. ... THE REFINED FELINE Cat Litter Box Enclosure Cabinet. What you need to know: This is a modern-style mahogany color cat litter ... An ideal litter box for a cat would be at least 1.5 times its size. Unlike young cats, older cats must be able to enter and ... This makes litter boxes with low entries best for senior cats.. Benefits of cat litter box furniture. Indoor cat owners know ...
The Cat People will help you get started with its Holiday Open House on Saturday. ... Attendees who bring a bag of cat kibble or canned cat food for the organizations food assistance program will receive a goody ... Cat People to host Holiday Open House *BY STEFANI DIAS [email protected] ... Dreaming of a Meow-y Christmas? The Cat People will help you get started with its Holiday Open House on Saturday. ...
Help Cats During the Coronavirus Pandemic. Alley Cat Allies has been providing emergency assistance to animal organizations to ... Get the latest cat news, information, and ways to take action and save cats lives!. Alley Cat Allies has protected and ... Help us continue our work for cats: Join our online community and become part of the movement to save cats lives! ... 2023 Alley Cat Allies. All rights reserved. Alley Cat Allies is a 501(c)3 organization. ...
Cats. #preload-hero { background: url(https://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2020/03/design-museum-closure-coronavirus_dezeen_2364_ ... Londons Design Museum closed indefinitely to help stem spread of coronavirus. Share: ... Coronavirus offers "a blank page for a new beginning" says Li Edelkoort. ... The Met, MoMA and Guggenheim close in response to spread of coronavirus in New York. ...
Daniele Hamamdjian shines a spotlight on Larry the cat, a staple at 10 Downing Street since 2011, whos now on his fourth prime ... Coronavirus * Ontario wasted millions of COVID-19 vaccine doses after overestimating booster demand, auditor report finds ...
Coronavirus COVID-19 Info. PLEASE CLICK HERE.. Search 3QD. Search for: Follow 3QD on Social Media. * ... How Your Cat Is Making You Crazy. Posted on Tuesday, Oct 21, 2014 8:12AM. Friday, December 8, 2017. by S. Abbas Raza ... The parasite, which is excreted by cats in their feces, is called Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii or Toxo for short) and is the ... Could tiny organisms carried by house cats be creeping into our brains, causing everything from car wrecks to schizophrenia? ...
... it adopted out its 3,000th cat. Lucky No. 3,000 is an adult tuxedo cat named Dale, who went home to Greg Venier and Jay ... La Jollas Cat Lounge ushered in July with a milestone - ... coronavirus numbers; police blotter ... Inspired by "cat cafes," where guests pay an admission fee to play with cats, the Cat Lounge at 1006 Torrey Pines Road asks for ... Dale, an adult tuxedo cat, was the 3,000th feline adopted out by the Cat Lounge in La Jolla. ...
The owners of two exotic cats that are loose on Vancouver Island and who killed a domestic cat say someone released them from ... Coronavirus * New Zealand court takes guardianship of baby after parents refuse vaccinated blood for heart surgery ...
"Thats why I can deploy whenever Im needed: I no longer have a cat and therefore no longer have to find a cat sitter," says ... Anne told her daughter Katelyn, "This cat is your cat because Im going to deploy. Im ready; Im packed." ... Faith, Leaders, and a Cat Technicality. Faith, Leaders, and a Cat Technicality ... If Anne Meyers still had a cat, she might not be able to travel much to fight the spread of COVID-19 for CDC. ...
These unexpected cat accessories can make being a pet owner just a little bit easier. Read to see what we recommend. ... The coronavirus has turned life upside down. These are the things that have made living, working, and taking care of ourselves ... Cats will do anything to stay warm, so you may as well help them out. When my mom bought a PureRelief Heating Pad to sit on ... We feed our cat Sasha a half a can of wet food a day, but that means figuring out how to store the leftovers overnight without ...
Coronavirus Alert: During this challenging time due to the COVID-19 pandemic, CATS Technology Solutions Group is still working ... CATS Technology Solutions Group Headquarters , 557 Cranbury Road, Suite 16 , East Brunswick, New Jersey 08816 (732)-204-7100 ...
Feline Urinary Syndrome (FUS). Feline urinary syndrome or FUS is the name given to a group of symptoms that occur in the cat ... Cat Allergies. Here are some highlights from the article in CATS Magazine, April 1992, pertaining to cats with allergies. ... Leaving a cat at a facility where there are other cats can expose it to the health problems of the other cats there. ... but the symptoms differ from cat to cat. There is no way to predict how a cat will react.Antihistamines or steroids may be used ...
Cat Financial reported second-quarter 2022 revenues of $668 million, an increase of $22 million, or 3%, compared with $646 ... the ongoing global coronavirus pandemic; and (xviii) other factors described in more detail in Cat Financials Forms 10-Q, 10-K ... About Cat Financial. Cat Financial is a subsidiary of Caterpillar, the worlds leading manufacturer of construction and mining ... "Cat Financials second-quarter results reflected strong portfolio performance," said Dave Walton, President of Cat Financial ...
28janAll Day29Midwest Persian Tabby FanciersMonroe, Michigan(All Day) Event Type :Cat ShowLocation:Region 4 (Great Lakes) ... The Cat Fanciers Association, Inc.. 260 East Main Street, Alliance, OH 44601. Phone: (330) 680-4070 / Fax: (330) 680-4633 ... It is the policy of The Cat Fanciers Association, Inc. to promote equal participation without discrimination or harassment on ... The Cat Fanciers Association, Inc. is proud to be an equal opportunity employer. ...
  • FILE - In this Friday, May 8, 2020 file photo, the owner of a cat cafe checks the temperature of one of her cats in Bangkok, Thailand. (deseret.com)
  • According to a study published on Wednesday, May 13, 2020, cats can spread the new coronavirus to each other without any of them ever having any symptoms. (deseret.com)
  • Washington, D.C. April 22, 2020 - The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) today announced the first confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) infection in two pet cats. (cdc.gov)
  • Surgical Face Mask , White Masks Respirators Walmart, Feline Coronavirus Lives In Environment Masks for Sale 2020 , Welcome to Buy Feline Coronavirus Lives In Environment Online . (karduzu.com)
  • In the spring of 2020, when the novel coronavirus infiltrated the twin cities, Hinh Ly couldn't stop thinking about cats and dogs. (theintouchnews.com)
  • In Paris on July 23, 2020, café patrons sip drinks on an extended terrace made of wooden pallets and made for social distancing due to the coronavirus pandemic. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Anul 2020 a aratat cat de importanta este Radiologia intr-o perioada de pandemie. (opiniatimisoarei.ro)
  • 2020 a insemnat nu doar lupta infectionistilor si a pneumologilor cu noul coronavirus, ci si un efort imens al radiologilor. (opiniatimisoarei.ro)
  • FILE PHOTO: A man sits on a chair as people walk on Park Avenue that was closed to vehicular traffic during the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in the Manhattan borough of New York City, New York, U.S., March 27, 2020. (go.com)
  • At Tokyo Biennale 2020/2021, we are working to create a safe and enjoyable art event while asking for the cooperation of all visitors to help prevent the spread of the new coronavirus infection. (tb2020.jp)
  • The NHANES program suspended field operations in March 2020 due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. (cdc.gov)
  • Spain, Italy and other European countries are further easing their coronavirus lockdown restrictions starting with May 18. (bellenews.com)
  • The French faced a surge of coronavirus-related deaths in winter, and President Emmanuel Macron ordered a strict lockdown in mid-March. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Watch TV, read a book, go for your daily safe walk, or chat, or spend time with our visiting cat who has decided to call during lockdown. (mjmallon.com)
  • Got lots of free time during the Coronavirus lockdown? (designyoutrust.com)
  • With virtually all production - whether it's film, television or commercials being canceled or postponed due to the coronavirus lockdown, what can you do to stay productive? (gregorysmcdonald.com)
  • It's important to exercise during the coronavirus lockdown. (gregorysmcdonald.com)
  • The coronavirus lockdown is another great time to work on your website and improve its SEO. (gregorysmcdonald.com)
  • The coronavirus lockdown has totally redefined our weekends. (abs-cbn.com)
  • Seventy-six years, twenty years into the 21st Century, and more than two months into the coronavirus lockdown. (caminobleu.com)
  • How have your pets given you comfort or solace during the coronavirus, lockdown, BLM and financial crises? (drzur.com)
  • Scientists have been so busy studying human-to-human transmission of the virus that few, so far, have looked at how it may be able to spread among cats and the humans they live with. (scientificamerican.com)
  • But a few preliminary reports within the past few days suggest that cats can catch COVID-19, probably from humans, and then give it to other cats. (scientificamerican.com)
  • The authors write that "immediate action should be implemented to keep a suitable distance between humans and companion animals such as cats. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Meanwhile, the World Health Organization insists that there is "no evidence that a dog, cat or any pet can transmit COVID-19" to humans. (nypost.com)
  • It appears that while humans can pass the coronavirus on to cats, experts agree that getting coronavirus from a cat is extremely unlikely. (wpbf.com)
  • The bottom line is that there is no evidence that any cat, large or small, can transmit the virus back to humans," said veterinarian Dr. Sarah Caddy, a clinical research fellow at the University of Cambridge.But until we know more about coronavirus, experts are also suggesting anyone diagnosed with COVID-19 avoid contact with their cats, to avoid the extremely rare chance that you might infect your pet. (wpbf.com)
  • The researchers say recent reports of COVID-19 transmission from humans to pet cats and between big cats at the Bronx Zoo , coupled with their recent data, shows "there is a public health need to recognize and further investigate the potential chain of human-cat-human transmission. (cbsnews.com)
  • The researchers say that, given the need to stop the coronavirus pandemic , studying the role cats may play in the transmission of the disease to humans is needed. (cbsnews.com)
  • Is there a hard-and-fast study that says cats can absolutely not spread this to humans? (cbsnews.com)
  • She also explained how cats could potentially catch the virus from humans but might not be able to transmit it back to them. (cbsnews.com)
  • Hohenhaus also said cats might not replicate the virus in their cells as well as humans do. (cbsnews.com)
  • Coronavirus: Can humans get COVID-19 from cats? (deseret.com)
  • University of Tokyo and University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine researchers found cats "can readily become infected" with COVID-19, receiving the virus from humans and other cats, according to USA Today . (deseret.com)
  • a better understanding of the role cats may play in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to humans is needed," the researchers wrote in a letter to the New England Journal of Medicine. (deseret.com)
  • Cats and other animals have been noted to receive the coronavirus from other animals and humans, according to American Veterinary Medical Association . (deseret.com)
  • Coronaviruses are a family of positive-stranded RNA viruses that includes important pathogens of humans and other animals. (monash.edu)
  • But, of course, the reverse is true too: Humans can give viruses, including the novel coronavirus, to animals. (fivethirtyeight.com)
  • There is still no evidence that cats can transmit the virus to humans and it is important that owners not worry unnecessarily. (feliway.com)
  • For example, there is no known instance of the feline coronaviruses infecting humans, dogs, or other animals. (stevedalepetworld.com)
  • The common cold in humans kennel cough in dogs and feline infectious peritonitis FIP in cats are all examples of illnesses caused by coronavirus. (pages.dev)
  • This implies that transmission from humans to cats is extremely rare. (pages.dev)
  • There is no evidence cats readily transmit the virus to humans, nor are there documented cases in which humans have become ill with COVID-19 because of contact with cats. (scitechdaily.com)
  • There are, however, confirmed instances of cats becoming infected because of close contact with humans infected with the virus, and several large cats at the Bronx Zoo have also tested positive for the virus. (scitechdaily.com)
  • And there is still no evidence that infected cats or dogs pose a risk to humans, said Dr. Jonathan Runstadler, a virologist at Tufts University's Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine who has studied how the coronavirus is affecting animals but not on the new work. (theintouchnews.com)
  • For people who tested positive for Covid-19, Dr. Ly, to distance yourself not only from humans but also from cats and dogs. (theintouchnews.com)
  • At this current time there has been no evidence to suggest that cats can transmit the coronavirus to humans. (protectapet.com)
  • The cat was in a home with people who tested positive for the virus, however there is no evidence that the virus can be transmitted from animals to humans. (tmj4.com)
  • A Facebook post implying that a cattle vaccine can prevent infection with the novel coronavirus spreading among humans has been widely shared, but that vaccine prevents diarrhea in calves caused by bovine coronavirus -- an entirely different pathogen from the one that causes COVID-19. (uexpress.com)
  • The novel coronavirus comes from a group of viruses that originate or spread in bats, and it's still unclear what animal may have transmitted the disease to humans, Peter Ben Embarek, a WHO expert in animal diseases that jump to humans, said Friday in a briefing with reporters. (histarmar.net)
  • While dogs, humans and other omnivores readily use carbohydrates, protein or fat for energy, the feline metabolism preferentially uses protein for energy as well as for structuring tissues and producing hormones and other vital molecules. (animalwellnessmagazine.com)
  • Feline coronavirus is not the same virus as the novel coronavirus, also known as COVID-19 , that infects humans. (embracepetinsurance.com)
  • Before humans were dealing with Covid-19, our cats were succumbing to their own deadly coronavirus. (blabba.net)
  • Like the novel coronavirus in humans, there are no FDA-approved cures for FIP. (blabba.net)
  • This cat drug isn't far along the path, but Lemieux says that her group has partnered with ANVIVE to pursue FDA approval for the drug in humans, not just cats. (blabba.net)
  • As the Atlantic reported , that drug is also not FDA-approved for humans and cats, though cat owners have been seeking it on the black market anyway. (blabba.net)
  • As scientists seek approval for the prodrug GC376 specifically against the coronavirus humans, it's possible cats could benefit too as the drug becomes a focus of renewed attention. (blabba.net)
  • The virus is more likely to bind in humans, camels, cats, pangolins and batsbut less likely in rats, mice, chickens and guinea pigs. (petcathealth.info)
  • According to Mettenleiter, most animals in the study came from households affected by the coronavirus, indicating that infection is generally transmitted from humans to animals. (wazobiaglobaltimes.com)
  • But the virus didn't transmit widely among house cats during the 2002 to 2004 pandemic, nor were there any known cases of transmission to humans. (workingdogtimes.com)
  • Some animal coronaviruses evolve (mutate) and are passed from animals to humans. (medlineplus.gov)
  • There are many other coronaviruses circulating in animals, but they haven't spread to humans. (medlineplus.gov)
  • There is nothing about a regularly recurring presence of corona viruses in dogs, cats, pigs, mice, bats and in humans, even in Germany. (normanpilon.com)
  • Feline enteric coronavirus is responsible for an infection of the mature gastrointestinal epithelial cells (see also enterocytes, brush border, microvilli, villi). (wikipedia.org)
  • Some cats are resistant to the virus and can avoid infection or even becoming carriers, while others may become FECV carriers. (wikipedia.org)
  • Within a few days after infection, all of the cats they inoculated started shedding virus in their feces. (scientificamerican.com)
  • While it is the first known infection of a cat, two dogs in Hong Kong have previously tested positive - with the first, a 17-year-old Pomeranian , dying after returning home from quarantine. (nypost.com)
  • In cats at least, GC376 works by interfering with a virus' ability to replicate, thus ending an infection, they said. (indiatimes.com)
  • A pet house cat has become the first animal to be confirmed positive for a coronavirus infection in the United Kingdom the British government said Monday. (pages.dev)
  • The UW-Madison study helps confirm experimentally that cats can become infected, though the risk of natural infection from exposure to SARS-CoV-2 seems to be quite low, Newbury says. (scitechdaily.com)
  • If your Maine Coon develops Maine Coon coronavirus, their symptoms could range from very mild, all the way up to a more severe feline coronavirus infection. (mainecooncentral.com)
  • FIP is associated with feline coronavirus infection. (everycat.org)
  • In order to better understand all parameters associated with disease production, these researchers wanted to examine characteristics of virus infection in otherwise healthy cats. (everycat.org)
  • The level of viral replication in cats with FIP is frequently fairly high, but in healthy cats, at least in the population tested by these investigators, actively replicating virus in the blood is quite low despite known infection. (everycat.org)
  • Thus, detecting high levels of replicating virus in the blood may be a useful diagnostic tool for FIP cases, and would allow distinction of harmless coronavirus infection from FIP. (everycat.org)
  • In order to validate these results, the investigators plan to test all cats for the presence of antibodies to the virus which would provide a picture of how prevalent infection, past or present, is among this population. (everycat.org)
  • So he suggested to his wife, Yuying Liang, a researcher in the same department who runs the laboratory with him, an idea to test cats and dogs for antibodies that would reveal a previous infection with the virus. (theintouchnews.com)
  • The result of these antibody tests, recently published in the journal Virulence, suggests that domestic cats are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection than dogs. (theintouchnews.com)
  • In the end, the scientists found that 8 percent of the cats carried antibodies to the coronavirus while less than 1 percent of the dogs did, suggesting that cats were more prone to infection. (theintouchnews.com)
  • The cat was tested by the University of Liege and this revealed that the cat was indeed infection with the coronavirus. (protectapet.com)
  • Although cats infected with the coronavirus don't show any symptoms of infection, the virus advances in few cats due to an abnormality or deviation in the coronavirus. (vetinfo.com)
  • Vaccines are available for FIV, but they don't completely protect your cat from contracting the infection. (vetinfo.com)
  • However, most infected cats do not have symptoms or develop any issues from feline coronavirus infection. (embracepetinsurance.com)
  • Fortunately, only about 5% of cats exposed to feline coronavirus develop FIP infection. (embracepetinsurance.com)
  • Male cats may have a slightly increased chance of infection over female cats, but again, this does not mean that only male cats develop FIP. (embracepetinsurance.com)
  • Once a person has been infected by a coronavirus, the infection can spread to a healthy person (person-to-person transmission). (medlineplus.gov)
  • At this time, there is no specific treatment for coronavirus infection. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that cause identi- host ate host tion peri- of cases of illness ranging from mild infection in the upper fied od deaths respiratory tract to more severe lower respirato- ry tract infections. (who.int)
  • Dr. Anthony Fauci, one of the country's top coronavirus experts, told ABC News on Thursday that the spike is "concerning" and that "you don't want to be in that compromised position where your baseline daily infection is high and you are increasing as opposed to going in the other direction. (wkbw.com)
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a serious, potentially life-threatening viral infection caused by a previously unrecognized virus from the Coronaviridae family, the SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). (medscape.com)
  • It's a persistent and wide-ranging set of symptoms that follow a coronavirus infection. (trumpinvestigations.org)
  • Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is a positive-stranded RNA virus that infects cats worldwide. (wikipedia.org)
  • The only known exceptions are on the Falkland Islands and the Galapagos, where studies found no occurrences of FCoV antibodies in cats tested. (wikipedia.org)
  • FCoV type II is a recombinant virus type I with spike genes (S protein) replacement from FCoV by the canine coronavirus (CCoV) spikes. (wikipedia.org)
  • 9 ), we determined and analyzed M genes from 43 FCoV genomes, 20 of which came from cats in single-cat households, and 23 from cattery animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Exceptions in this picture were FIPV 9 in cattery F and FECVs 406 and 407 in cattery D, presumably caused by multiple FCoV lineages in these open catteries (an open cattery is one in which cats routinely move in and out, usually for breeding purposes). (cdc.gov)
  • Feline coronaviruses (FCoV) comprise two biotypes: feline enteric coronaviruses (FECV) and feline infectious peritonitis viruses (FIPV). (uu.nl)
  • A HRPO labelled anti-species conjugate is added to detect bound cat antibodies to FCoV proteins. (evlonline.eu)
  • The test is based on the reaction of FCoV proteins (mostly glycoproteins's) with polyclonal cat antibodies. (evlonline.eu)
  • These strains include strains like the feline coronavirus (FCoV), when cats become infected with this virus they experience mild symptoms at first but can later develop FIP which can be deadly. (thehealthmania.com)
  • Detection of antibodies against feline coronavirus (FCoV), some strains of which are the causative agent of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), by indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA). (tamu.edu)
  • He said that tigers also caught SARS-CoV, the related coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), during the outbreak from 2002 to 2004.However, it is surprising that the Bronx tiger became infected with "what must have been a fairly low dose of virus - we can assume the tiger did not have continual close contact with the asymptomatic zoo keeper," said Caddy. (wpbf.com)
  • This is of particular importance given the potential for SARS-CoV-2 transmission between family members in households with cats while living under 'shelter-in-place' orders," they write in a letter published in the New England Journal of Medicine on Wednesday. (cbsnews.com)
  • But they were carrying around all of these coronaviruses, including the precursor viruses to SARS-CoV-2. (fivethirtyeight.com)
  • A drug used to treat deadly coronavirus infections in cats could potentially be an effective treatment against SARS-CoV-2, the virus behind the global coronavirus pandemic, according to a study. (indiatimes.com)
  • Lemieux and colleagues first tested two variants of the feline drug against SARS-CoV-2 protein in test tubes and with the live virus in human cell lines. (indiatimes.com)
  • The researchers determined the orientation of the cat drug as it bound to an active site on a SARS-CoV-2 protein, revealing how it inhibits viral replication. (indiatimes.com)
  • Both cats tested presumptive positive for SARS-CoV-2 at a private veterinary laboratory, which then reported the results to state and federal officials. (cdc.gov)
  • The COVID-19 pandemic , also known as the coronavirus pandemic , is an ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. (barrypopik.com)
  • In a study published this month in the New England Journal of Medicine , scientists in the U.S. and Japan report that in the laboratory, cats can readily become infected with SARS-CoV-2 , the virus that causes COVID-19 , and may be able to pass the virus to other cats. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Professor of Pathobiological Sciences at the University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine Yoshihiro Kawaoka led the study, in which researchers administered to three cats SARS-CoV-2 isolated from a human patient. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Researchers did not administer SARS-CoV-2 virus to these cats. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Each cat shed SARS-CoV-2 from their nasal passages for up to six days. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The findings suggest cats may be capable of becoming infected with the virus when exposed to people or other cats positive for SARS-CoV-2. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The new study supports recent research that households where people have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 may also be infected in cats and dogs, "said Dr. Runstadler. (theintouchnews.com)
  • A drug that combats the cat coronavirus has shown promise against SARS-CoV-2. (blabba.net)
  • A study by Italian scientists has found that people can transmit coronavirus SARS-COV-2 to cats and dogs. (wazobiaglobaltimes.com)
  • Our furry feline friends appear to be susceptible to catching Covid-19, the disease caused by the coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. (workingdogtimes.com)
  • That's what happened nearly two decades ago with a sister coronavirus called SARS-CoV, which causes the deadly pneumonia-like respiratory disease called SARS. (workingdogtimes.com)
  • Just like now, science found cats could be infected with SARS-CoV and infect other cats. (workingdogtimes.com)
  • While 2 dogs (Hong Kong) and 1 cat (Belgium) have been reported to have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, infectious disease experts and multiple international and domestic human and animal health organizations agree there is no evidence at this point to indicate that pets spread COVID-19 to other animals, including people," the American Veterinary Medical Association says on its website. (workingdogtimes.com)
  • GPS tracking of free-roaming cats (Felis catus) on SARS-CoV-2-infected mink farms in Utah. (cdc.gov)
  • An investigation of these outbreaks revealed active and past SARS-CoV-2 infections in free-roaming and in feral cats living on or near several mink farms. (cdc.gov)
  • GPS tracking of these cats show they made frequent visits to mink sheds, moved freely around the affected farms, and visited surrounding residential properties and neighborhoods on multiple occasions, making them potential low risk vectors of additional SARS-CoV-2 spread in local communities. (cdc.gov)
  • It is caused by the SARS-CoV coronavirus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). (medlineplus.gov)
  • SARS-CoV spread from civet cats, while MERS-CoV spread from camels. (medlineplus.gov)
  • SARS-CoV-2 - Coronavirus - are animals dangerous to. (worldpetnet.com)
  • Background: Current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines are administered systemically and typically result in poor immunogenicity at the mucosa. (irta.cat)
  • At Norgen Biotek Corp. we are doing our part in response to the global coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. (norgenbiotek.com)
  • The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, infects a large part of our population. (medscape.com)
  • Pet CAT tests positive for coronavirus in first animal case in UK. (pages.dev)
  • The most up-to-date information on the situation is available from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/summary.html . (washtenaw.org)
  • A female Siamese cat has become the first animal in the UK to catch coronavirus prompting a warning to owners not to kiss their pets. (pages.dev)
  • Pets are far more likely to get these common diseases than coronavirus If your pet does catch coronavirus their symptoms will usually be mild or non-existent. (pages.dev)
  • Which animals can catch coronavirus? (petcathealth.info)
  • The southern Chinese city of Shenzhen wants local restaurants to take dogs and cats off their menus as the country clamps down on the wildlife trade scientists suspect led to the deadly coronavirus outbreak. (breitbart.com)
  • In 2016, an H7N2 influenza outbreak in cats at a New York City animal shelter infected a veterinarian , a case that "highlighted the public health implications of cat-to-human transmission to workers in animal shelters," according to the authors of the new study. (cbsnews.com)
  • Derivatives of this drug were first studied following the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and it was further developed by veterinary researchers who showed it cures fatal feline affliction. (indiatimes.com)
  • A shelter in place order has been issued for six Bay Area counties that starts at 12:01 a.m. tomorrow morning due to the coronavirus outbreak. (mercurynews.com)
  • The O.U.S.D. provided free "Grab and Go" breakfast and lunch meals to students during the Oakland schools closure caused by the coronavirus outbreak. (mercurynews.com)
  • In 2019, coronavirus disease outbreak, and spread around the whole world in a rapid speed. (happyandpolly.com)
  • A leaked presentation reveals the document US hospitals are using to prepare for a major coronavirus outbreak. (businessinsider.in)
  • President Donald Trump said in late April that he was confident the coronavirus may have originated in a Chinese virology lab , but declined to describe the evidence, ratcheting up tensions with Beijing over the origins of the deadly outbreak. (alarabiya.net)
  • 0 caused by the virus was named Coronavirus during the 2003 outbreak. (who.int)
  • Both Kawaoka and Peter Halfmann, a research professor at University of Wisconsin-Madison who helped lead the study, advise people with COVID-19 symptoms to avoid contact with cats. (cbsnews.com)
  • While the cats in the study did not show any symptoms, a tiger at the Bronx Zoo tested positive for the virus last month after developing a dry cough and decrease in appetite. (cbsnews.com)
  • The two infected cats had respiratory symptoms. (deseret.com)
  • What we've seen sort of with the domestic cats, for instance, has been, you know, maybe a runny nose, but not necessarily even showing any symptoms, just carrying it around and transmitting it from cat to cat. (fivethirtyeight.com)
  • Medications that commonly cause skin eruptions: penicillin, tetracycline, neomycin and panleukopenia vaccine.Each drug causes different symptoms, but the symptoms differ from cat to cat. (fanciers.com)
  • Feline urinary syndrome or FUS is the name given to a group of symptoms that occur in the cat secondary to inflammation, irritation, and/or obstruction of the lower urinary tract (urinary bladder, urethra, and penile urethra). (fanciers.com)
  • A cat with FUS can exhibit one, some, or even all of the symptoms. (fanciers.com)
  • That was a major finding for us - the cats did not have symptoms," says Kawaoka, who also holds a faculty appointment at the University of Tokyo. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Both researchers advise that people with symptoms of COVID-19 avoid contact with cats. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Its varying strains make it hard to give owners a definitive answer when it comes to outlining the key symptoms of Maine Coon coronavirus though. (mainecooncentral.com)
  • It can be difficult for veterinary professionals to specifically diagnose coronavirus in cats, since the symptoms mimic a variety of other feline health issues. (mainecooncentral.com)
  • Fortunately, infected cats show mild symptoms at best. (theintouchnews.com)
  • The advice to limit close interaction with your pet cats and other pets sh0ould you have symptoms or contract COVID-19. (protectapet.com)
  • The symptoms appeared around 7 days after the cats' owner showed symptoms. (protectapet.com)
  • This means that treating FIP is largely based on treating the symptoms and keeping cats comfortable while they fight the virus. (embracepetinsurance.com)
  • Mount Sinai Health System isn't testing many healthcare workers who have symptoms of the coronavirus, according to two doctors in the health system. (businessinsider.in)
  • New York University Medical Center is allowing some healthcare workers who aren't showing symptoms of the coronavirus to keep working after testing positive, a nurse who works in the emergency department told Business Insider in March . (businessinsider.in)
  • Many individuals who get coronavirus will experience nothing worse than seasonal flu symptoms, but the overall profile of the disease, including its mortality rate, looks more serious. (myfitnesspal.com)
  • Infected pets appear to have symptoms ranging from mild to nonexistent, and infectious disease experts say companion animals are likely playing little, if any, role in spreading the coronavirus to people . (tabipacademy.com)
  • CDC staff are screening individuals for symptoms consistent with coronavirus and providing information or instructions. (washtenaw.org)
  • It can take three to five days for someone newly infected with the coronavirus to feel sick and some infected people won't even have symptoms. (fox7austin.com)
  • The COVID-19 pandemic has a lot of people stuck at home with their cats-which raises some obvious questions: Can cats catch the new coronavirus from their owners? (scientificamerican.com)
  • COVID-19 doesn't seem to be limited to big cats, either. (scientificamerican.com)
  • So far, the CDC says , there is no evidence that people can catch COVID-19 from their cats. (scientificamerican.com)
  • But even though the cat had respiratory problems and high levels of the virus in its vomit and feces, researchers aren't yet sure if the cat was sick from COVID-19 or another illness.So what do these cases mean for felines and their human caretakers? (wpbf.com)
  • There have not been any known cases of a cat spreading COVID-19 to a person, but the scientists say it's possible felines could be "a silent intermediate host" for the virus, and they believe more research is needed. (cbsnews.com)
  • Hohenhaus said there are millions of people worldwide infected with COVID-19 but only a "smattering of reports of cats. (cbsnews.com)
  • Two of the three cats tested positive for COVID-19 the following day. (deseret.com)
  • You also have the cat family, so everything from lions and tigers to your domestic kitty cat living in your living room, are all susceptible to COVID. (fivethirtyeight.com)
  • Alley Cat Allies has been providing emergency assistance to animal organizations to help feed and care for cats and kittens in need during the COVID-19 emergency. (alleycat.org)
  • The owner of the cat tested positive for COVID-19 prior to the cat showing signs. (cdc.gov)
  • Since the early months of the COVID-19 crisis, Alley Cat Allies' Keeping Families Togetherâ„¢ program has been providing food and other supplies to communities to help people caring for cats and dogsincluding caregivers feeding community catsthroughout the difficulties caused by the pandemic. (alleycat.org)
  • President Donald Trump can thank cats for his treatment of a drug called Remdesivir for COVID-19. (stevedalepetworld.com)
  • A pet cat has fallen ill with coronavirus in the UK after apparently catching Covid-19 from its owners. (pages.dev)
  • Given the lack of transmission there are currently no plans to vaccinate cats against COVID-19. (pages.dev)
  • A pet cat has become the first animal in the UK to test positive for the coronavirus COVID-19 after catching it from his owner the government has confirmed. (pages.dev)
  • The UKs Chief Veterinary Officer has confirmed that the virus responsible for COVID-19 has been detected in a pet cat in the UK. (pages.dev)
  • The Big Apple: "A colleague from work has just texted saying he's caught Covid from his cat. (barrypopik.com)
  • A COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic joke is that a cat got Covid-19, or that a cat gave Covid-19 to its owner. (barrypopik.com)
  • Me: 'How on earth does a cat catch COVID-19? (barrypopik.com)
  • Apparently a cat has caught covid-19. (barrypopik.com)
  • My mate from work just rang me, hes caught covid from his CAT! (barrypopik.com)
  • Lad from work has just texted me and told me he's caught Covid from his cat. (barrypopik.com)
  • A mate from work just text me, he's caught Covid from his cat! (barrypopik.com)
  • For instance, according to an April 22 announcement from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, two cats in two private homes in New York state tested positive for COVID-19. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Additional cats have also tested positive for COVID-19 after close contact with their human companions, says Sandra Newbury, director of the UW-Madison Shelter Medicine Program. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Newbury is leading a research study in several states in the U.S. to test animal-shelter cats that might have previously been exposed to human COVID-19 cases. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Desde la Asesoría Jurídica del SINDI.CAT estamos recibiendo multitud de consultas sobre la afectación del virus COVID-19, por este motivo, elaboramos esta guía lo más actualizada posible, esperando que sea de vuestra utilidad. (elteusindi.cat)
  • This information follows the reports of a Belgium cat who became infected with COVID-19. (protectapet.com)
  • Stay safe, we will continue to share any news regarding cats and COVID-19 to help everyone stay updated on the latest information. (protectapet.com)
  • Now, that cat has tested positive for COVID-19. (tmj4.com)
  • DEAR READERS: The American Veterinary Medical Association is actively monitoring developments related to animals and COVID-19, the disease caused by the new coronavirus. (uexpress.com)
  • A World Health Organization scientist said Covid-19 comes from bats and can spread among cats amid an international debate about the virus's origin. (histarmar.net)
  • Studies have shown that cats and ferrets are susceptible to Covid-19, and dogs to a lesser extent, he said, adding that it's important to find out which animals can get infected to avoid creating a "reservoir" in another species. (histarmar.net)
  • As the number of Covid-19 cases continues to rise in Singapore, we are opening up a registration list for cat owners who would like to make plans for their cats, in the event they, or their family unit, may fall ill and be unable to care for their pet. (nekoya.co)
  • If someone you know has been taken ill by Covid-19, is serving a quarantine notice, unable to enter or return to Singapore (and you are aware that they have a cat), has a cat that requires medical attention, or in general may be unable to care for their pet in this time, we will waive additional fees for housekeeping or medicine administration and they will not apply during this time. (nekoya.co)
  • Can my cat, dog or pet give me COVID-19 (coronavirus disease)? (drugs.com)
  • While the main spreader of COVID-19 is human to human transmission, there are cases of pets that got infected with this coronavirus around the world, including the US. (happyandpolly.com)
  • Local community radio station The Cat 107.9 FM continues to broadcast despite the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic. (crewenews.net)
  • The award is given to an individual who made extra special efforts, going above and beyond during the current Coronavirus COVID-19 crisis. (crewenews.net)
  • Cat drugs and Covid-19 - This is not the first time a drug used to treat cats with feline infectious peritonitis has showed promise against Covid-19. (blabba.net)
  • Another cat-oriented drug, called GS-441524, is essentially identical to remdesivir - the drug that currently has the FDA's emergency use authorization for use in hospitalized Covid-19 patients. (blabba.net)
  • Should the FDA ever approve remdesivir for use outside of emergency situations, it could open the drug up to cat owners who have been seeking it to cure their pets of FIP - a strange side effect of the search for at Covid-19 drug. (blabba.net)
  • He added that this confirmed the FLI's assumption that cats and dogs don't play a significant role in the spread of COVID-19, and that healthy people needed not limit their contact with their pets. (wazobiaglobaltimes.com)
  • Rare as it may be, it appears one cat in Belgium may have gotten the virus in March from her owner, who was ill with Covid-19 after returning from a visit to Italy. (workingdogtimes.com)
  • But even though the cat had respiratory problems and high levels of the virus in vomit and feces, researchers aren't yet sure if the cat was sick from Covid-19 or another illness. (workingdogtimes.com)
  • If Anne Meyers still had a cat, she might not be able to travel much to fight the spread of COVID-19 for CDC. (cdc.gov)
  • Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). (who.int)
  • With the recent news of tigers, lions, and pet cats and dogs in the US testing positive for the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), you may be wondering about the risks to your pets. (cdc.gov)
  • The nation's total coronavirus cases stand at about 7,917,300 and more than 216,900 deaths from COVID-19, John Hopkins says. (wkbw.com)
  • A dozen people got Covid in Chile from a birthday party for a cat . (morninginvest.com)
  • The City of Brighton staff continues to be in communication with local health partners, Tri-County Health Department (TCHD), and the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) regarding the 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019). (brightonco.gov)
  • Novavax Inc said on Thursday it would require six months to produce a COVID-19 vaccine designed to match whichever coronavirus variants are circulating for an annual immunization program each fall season in the United States. (betternews.eu)
  • U.S. Postal Service Priority Mail products and First-Class packages may require more time to be delivered due to limited transportation availability as a result of the ongoing Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). (texturedtech.com)
  • The Covid-19 pandemic continues to send communities indoors to self-isolate and socially distance from each other and with the holidays just around the corner, many are wondering what it will be like to celebrate while ensuring coronavirus safety. (theteelieblog.com)
  • Another Halloween coronavirus tip during the Covid-19 pandemic is to know what the main risks are when it comes to outdoor activities, such as trick or treating. (theteelieblog.com)
  • When the COVID-19 pandemic started to emerge at the start of the year, it didn't quite make sense to continue writing comics about the depressed, anxious and fictional Askaran, while ignoring the massive virus that seemed to be affecting every aspect of our lives, so, unfortunately for Askaran, the coronavirus started breaking out in his fictional world too. (boredpanda.com)
  • LOS ANGELES - U.S. states are beginning to restart their economies after months of paralyzing coronavirus lockdowns, but it could take weeks until it becomes clear whether those reopenings will cause a spike in COVID-19 cases, experts said Wednesday. (fox7austin.com)
  • Dixon and Mistry noted that after institution of a statewide stay-at-home order as a result of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the rate of dog bite-related visits to the pediatric emergency department of their Colorado children's hospital nearly tripled. (medscape.com)
  • Offices, shopping malls, Wuhan, China, reported its first case of coronavirus dis- market places, restaurants, parks, and public transport ease (COVID-19) in December 2019 ( 1 ). (who.int)
  • The Wuhan study did blood tests on 102 cats there to see whether any had antibodies to SAR-CoV-2, which would mean that they had been infected with the virus at some point. (scientificamerican.com)
  • An SRE to detect antibodies against Feline Coronavirus in serum, plasma and ascetic fluid. (evlonline.eu)
  • After washing the bound cat antibodies are detected by a HRPO conjugated anti-species conjugate. (evlonline.eu)
  • The researchers first examined about 100 samples and found that about 5 percent of the cat serum contained coronavirus antibodies, while almost none of the dog serum did. (theintouchnews.com)
  • Antibody tests are used to determine the levels of antibodies in the blood of infected cats. (vetinfo.com)
  • The study, which has not been peer-reviewed yet, found coronavirus antibodies in 3.4 per cent of dogs and 3.9 per cent of cats, indicating they were infected with the virus. (wazobiaglobaltimes.com)
  • Detection of antibodies to feline calicivirus (FCV) by virus neutralization. (tamu.edu)
  • Detection of antibodies to feline parvovirus (PLP) by HI, feline calicivirus (FCV) by VN, and feline herpesvirus FHV) by VN. (tamu.edu)
  • Detection of antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus by ELISA. (tamu.edu)
  • This feline coronavirus disease comes in varying strains, some more deadly than others. (mainecooncentral.com)
  • What you might not have realized, is that feline coronavirus has actually been around for years, in varying strains. (mainecooncentral.com)
  • Feline coronavirus is typically shed in feces by healthy cats and transmitted by the fecal-oral route to other cats. (wikipedia.org)
  • The parasite, which is excreted by cats in their feces, is called Toxoplasma gondii ( T. gondii or Toxo for short) and is the microbe that causes toxoplasmosis-the reason pregnant women are told to avoid cats' litter boxes. (3quarksdaily.com)
  • Feline coronavirus is spread via airborne contaminants and feline feces. (mainecooncentral.com)
  • Interestingly, they found that the incidence of actual replicating virus was quite low in the blood, even in cats that were actively shedding virus in their feces. (everycat.org)
  • It has two different forms: feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) that infects the intestines and feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) that causes the disease feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). (wikipedia.org)
  • Dr. Richard Ford of the study taskforce evaluating the "state of affairs" of vaccine recommendations indicated with today's' multitude of vaccines available for dogs and cats, certain suggestions would be helpful as a guideline for veterinarians and pet owners. (petlvr.com)
  • Although the authors understand that the vaccine for coronavirus may be closer to be being discovered than it was months ago but they insist that antiviral drugs are still useful in the meantime. (thehealthmania.com)
  • FECV is associated with asymptomatic persistent enteric infections, while FIPV causes feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a usually fatal systemic disease in domestic cats and some wild Felidae. (uu.nl)
  • Below is an overview of giardia infections in cats followed by in-depth information on the diagnosis, treatment and home care for this disease. (petplace.com)
  • Giardia infections (called Giardiasis) show no gender or breed predilection but are most common in young cats and in cats under close confinement, such as those in kennels, animal shelters and pet stores. (petplace.com)
  • cat hair scares them more than coronavirus and other infections altogether. (thelocal.se)
  • Cats fall prey to several infections caused by viruses or bacteria. (vetinfo.com)
  • FIV causes weakened immune systems in cats and they fall prey to secondary infections. (vetinfo.com)
  • Mild coronavirus infections, such as the common cold, will go away in a few days with rest and self care at home . (medlineplus.gov)
  • Severe coronavirus infections may require hospitalization and breathing support. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Rarely, certain severe coronavirus infections may lead to death, especially in older people, children, or people with chronic conditions. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Coronavirus infections may lead to bronchitis or pneumonia. (medlineplus.gov)
  • New coronavirus clusters have surfaced around the world as nations struggle to balance restarting their economies and preventing infections. (fox7austin.com)
  • New coronavirus clusters have surfaced around the world as nations struggle to balance restarting their economies and preventing a second wave of infections. (fox7austin.com)
  • The virus becomes feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) when random errors occur in the virus infecting an enterocyte, causing the virus to mutate from FECV to FIPV. (wikipedia.org)
  • Feline coronaviruses (FCoVs) occur as 2 pathotypes, feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) and feline enteric coronavirus (FECV). (cdc.gov)
  • In some infected cats, feline coronavirus will mutate in the cat's body, to become feline infectious peritonitis virus. (embracepetinsurance.com)
  • such as younger kittens, old cats, immunosuppression due to viral-FIV (feline immunodeficiency virus) and/or FeLV (feline leukemia virus) and stress, including the stress of separation and adoption. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although many differences exist, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is classified as a retrovirus like FeLV. (vetinfo.com)
  • Detection of feline immunodeficiency virus by PCR. (tamu.edu)
  • Feline coronaviruses occur as 2 pathotypes: nonvirulent feline enteric coronaviruses (FECVs), which replicate in intestinal epithelium cells, and lethal feline infectious peritonitis viruses (FIPVs), which replicate in macrophages. (jcvi.org)
  • When 4 kittens (6 cats in total) are born into this house, the risk increases from 2 to 30 (62−6). (wikipedia.org)
  • FECV is common in cats, causing mild transient enteritis in kittens, but is asymptomatic in adult cats. (cdc.gov)
  • Kittens, cats with joint issues or older cats may have difficulty with high litter box openings. (kxan.com)
  • Since 1990, the organization has worked to eliminate the suffering of unwanted cats and kittens, caring for the feral colonies at Hart Park as well as running programs for low-income spay/neuter vouchers, foster care and assistance for those in need of cat food and litter. (bakersfield.com)
  • Should a guest decide to adopt a cat, the $100 adoption fee ($200 for kittens) covers spay/neuter services, microchipping and vaccines. (lajollalight.com)
  • Homes with multiple cats, or kittens, have higher risk of developing strains of disease. (mainecooncentral.com)
  • See you there, cats and kittens. (insider.com)
  • Arginine is so important to cats that a single meal containing no arginine is fatal to kittens. (animalwellnessmagazine.com)
  • Coronaviruses are a family of viruses. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses, some causing illness in people and others that circulate among animals, including camels, cats and bats. (washtenaw.org)
  • This viral disease is deadly for Maine Coon cats since 95% of cats with this disease die within two months of contracting it. (mainecooncentral.com)
  • This year's attendees are once again invited to nominate their favorite feline-themed viral videos to be played on a big screen at the event . (bellenews.com)
  • A one minute film of a cat "hugging" its kitten uploaded in May 2011 has been seen more than 50 million times on YouTube since it went viral after being posted on social news website Reddit. (bellenews.com)
  • Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a viral disease caused by strains of the feline coronavirus. (vetinfo.com)
  • Feline infectious peritonitis, also known as FIP, is a deadly viral disease of cats. (embracepetinsurance.com)
  • Tigers and lions at the Bronx Zoo have tested positive for the virus, and studies show that house cats-but apparently not dogs-can become infected. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Each year in China, over 10 million dogs and four million cats are reportedly murdered for their meat. (breitbart.com)
  • The CEO, Nigel Mason, said that the switch to this method of working has been a boon for the cats and dogs because they're better behaved and therefore easier to rehome. (pictures-of-cats.org)
  • Cats are considered as 'free roaming animals', so are governed by different laws than dogs. (yahoo.com)
  • This is why we're calling for a change in the law to ensure that all owned cats, like dogs, are microchipped. (yahoo.com)
  • According to a new report, nearly 100 pet dogs and cats are said to have contracted the virus, mostly after close contact with an infected person. (krqe.com)
  • It's not just cats and dogs. (cnn.com)
  • Children who grow up around farm animals, dogs or cats typically have stronger immune systems and a reduced risk of developing eczema. (cnn.com)
  • When I was a child I used to imagine that all our local cats met up every night after dark to plot schemes against the grown-ups… One would never imagine this of dogs. (bellenews.com)
  • Since the pet owners gave their consent anonymously, the researchers could not understand which person could have transmitted the virus to the different cats and dogs. (theintouchnews.com)
  • Researchers don't know why cats seem more vulnerable than dogs. (theintouchnews.com)
  • The genetic sequence of the human ACE2 protein is much more similar to the equivalent sequence in cats than in dogs. (theintouchnews.com)
  • A recent study that found similar results - that cats are more easily infected with the coronavirus than dogs - found that cats often prefer to sleep on beds rather than dogs. (theintouchnews.com)
  • Dr. Ly and Dr. Liang have neither cats nor dogs in their own house. (theintouchnews.com)
  • The Harbin Veterinary Research Institute in China discovered that cats are susceptible to the virus, unlike other animals including dogs, pigs, ducks and chickens. (protectapet.com)
  • The department suggested any pets, including dogs and cats, from households where someone has tested positive for the virus should be put into quarantine. (pdnews.cn)
  • Vaccinations for Dogs and Cats: Too Many, Too Often? (petlvr.com)
  • Be sure to consult with your own veterinarian regarding this issue of vaccinations for dogs and cats because suggested protocols can change as newer knowledge is gained. (petlvr.com)
  • Annual vaccinations, also called annual boosters, have certainly played a major role in disease prevention in dogs and cats. (petlvr.com)
  • And a second and equally important questions is… are we vaccinating dogs and cats too much ? (petlvr.com)
  • After reading this article on vaccinations in dogs and cats, you, the dog and cat's health care advocate, will be better equipped to answer the question: Vaccinations…Too Many, Too Often? (petlvr.com)
  • There are other animals also teased positive for the disease between April 24 and July 1, including a lion, tiger, two cats, and three dogs. (happyandpolly.com)
  • Cats and dogs can be infected with this virus, as well as a few other types of animals. (happyandpolly.com)
  • The study tested 540 dogs and 277 cats living in households in northern Italy, particularly in Lombardy, where someone was infected with the virus or in areas where there were many cases. (wazobiaglobaltimes.com)
  • Amorous cats and dogs can be a real handful and no-one enjoys having to confine their pet. (spca-penang.net)
  • Two reports released this week have found the first evidence that dogs and cats can become infected by B.1.1.7, a recent variant of the pandemic coronavirus that transmits more readily between people and also appears more lethal in them. (tabipacademy.com)
  • So the team-led by veterinarian Luca Ferasin, head of the hospital's cardiology service-looked at 11 pets: eight cats and three dogs. (tabipacademy.com)
  • I received pictures of six just about yesterday-dogs and cats watching the concerts," Mr. D says, laughing. (abs-cbn.com)
  • Animal bites to the face are most commonly made by dogs or cats. (medscape.com)
  • A cat in Belgian has tested positive for the coronavirus after catching the potentially deadly bug from an infected owner, officials said Friday. (nypost.com)
  • the disease is caused by a coronavirus strain and can be deadly if left untreated. (thehealthmania.com)
  • A drug used to treat a deadly coronavirus in cats could move quicker through approval stages, if it works. (blabba.net)
  • In their pre-domestication natural state, cats are solitary animals and do not share space (hunting areas, rest areas, defecation sites, etc. (wikipedia.org)
  • In a second study , scientists at a high-containment lab for animal diseases control in Harbin, China, deliberately squirted coronavirus into the noses of cats and other kinds of animals to see whether they became infected. (scientificamerican.com)
  • The genomes from individual live cats were from 15 FIPV- and 5 FECV-infected animals. (cdc.gov)
  • They also say cat owners should keep their pets indoors to limit the interaction their cats have with other animals and people. (cbsnews.com)
  • I love nature, cats and all animals. (pictures-of-cats.org)
  • Rather than take Dale to the local shelter - which Shamloo said only holds animals for about a week before they are euthanized, especially adults, as they are less likely to be adopted - the person reached out to a friend about where to take the cat. (lajollalight.com)
  • Keep cats indoors when possible to prevent them from interacting with other animals or people. (cdc.gov)
  • In multiple-cat households and in situations in which animals are under close confinement (e.g. kennels, animal shelters, pet stores), proper sanitation is crucial to prevent cross-contamination from one animal to another. (petplace.com)
  • Cats and other animals are an important part of the family, and especially during a crisis, it's critical to keep families together," says Becky Robinson, president and founder of Alley Cat Allies. (alleycat.org)
  • Food availability for cats and other animals has become a significantand growingconcern during the ongoing crisis. (alleycat.org)
  • Alley Cat Allies recognized that with skyrocketing unemployment and financial insecurity, there is a major and increasing risk that people will feel they cannot keep their animals in their homes or continue to feed community cats. (alleycat.org)
  • Many of these animals could be brought to animal shelters, where they may be killedespecially cats. (alleycat.org)
  • As part of Keeping Families Together, Alley Cat Allies has compiled information to help you provide for the companion animals in your home and community cats outdoors in this time of crisis. (alleycat.org)
  • The following day, the researchers swabbed the nasal passages of the cats and were able to detect the virus in two of the animals. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Pets or other animals should not be allowed to roam freely, and cats should be kept indoors. (krqe.com)
  • I'm a cat owner and I understand and accept the right of someone to not want animals in their car or property. (thelocal.se)
  • This protease is what promotes the multiplication of various coronavirus strains that can infect both animals and people. (thehealthmania.com)
  • Other animals can make vitamin A from beta-carotene, but cats cannot. (animalwellnessmagazine.com)
  • People, who are infected with the virus, however, should limit their contact with their pets, although there are no indications so far that animals can die of the coronavirus, according to Mettenleiter. (wazobiaglobaltimes.com)
  • Many coronaviruses originate in bats, which can infect other animals. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Cat / Dog missing - Looking for purebred animals. (worldpetnet.com)
  • All of the U.S. and U.K. animals have since recovered, though one of the U.K. cats relapsed and had to be euthanized. (tabipacademy.com)
  • and the other is to test a wide array of animals susceptible to the coronavirus, including cats, deer, and mink. (sawtbeirut.com)
  • Cat Magic Plz Do Not Stop Human, Animals Pets. (funvizeo.com)
  • Cat bites make up approximately 10%, and bites from miscellaneous animals and rodents also contribute to these figures. (medscape.com)
  • As Pedersen often did, he approached the non-profit Winn Feline Foundation for funding. (stevedalepetworld.com)
  • Pedersen did receive funding from Winn Feline Foundation. (stevedalepetworld.com)
  • Dr. Dave Bruyette, its chief medical officer, announced in November at the Winn Feline Foundation FIP Symposium at UC Davis that Anivive is in the process in getting GC376 FDA Center for Veterinary Medical approval for treating FIP. (stevedalepetworld.com)
  • If it wasn't for cats, the disease they get called FIP, Dr. Niels Pedersen and the Winn Feline Foundation - it's unlikely President Donald Trump or anyone would be treated with Remdesivir. (stevedalepetworld.com)
  • Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) remains a serious disease affecting cats, and while much remains unknown, research supported by Winn Feline Foundation is helping to shed light on this enigmatic disease. (everycat.org)
  • Due to a suspected case of coronavirus, more than 1000 people were not allowed to leave their hotel in Tenerife. (normanpilon.com)
  • Aug. 2, 2022 /CNW/ -- Cat Financial reported second-quarter 2022 revenues of $668 million , an increase of $22 million , or 3%, compared with $646 million in the second quarter of 2021. (yahoo.com)
  • But it did replicate rapidly the respiratory tracts of both cats and ferrets. (scientificamerican.com)
  • severe acute respiratory syndrome and feline coronaviruses, respectively, are the most recognized examples. (jcvi.org)
  • In the NY cases announced today, a veterinarian tested the first cat after it showed mild respiratory signs. (cdc.gov)
  • Samples from the second cat were taken after it showed signs of respiratory illness. (cdc.gov)
  • The cats showed mild signs of respiratory illness and were expected to make a full recovery. (scitechdaily.com)
  • they do transmit the disease to other cats through their respiratory droplets. (protectapet.com)
  • Rarely, animal coronaviruses can evolve and infect people and then spread between people such as has been seen with Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) ( https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/mers/index.html ) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) ( https://www.cdc.gov/sars/index.html ). (cdc.gov)
  • In view of the well-known fact that in every "flu wave" 7-15% of acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) are coming along with coronaviruses, the case numbers that are now continuously added up are still completely within the normal range. (normanpilon.com)
  • This photo provided by Transportation Security Administration shows a cat stuck in a checked bag going through security at John F. Kennedy airport on Nov. 16, 2022 in New York. (newsnationnow.com)
  • Records and video show nearly one-third of CATS bus fleet has remianed out of service for 2022. (wbtv.com)
  • Placement of litter box furniture near a cat's food or water bowl is unsanitary and may lead to the cat rejecting the litter box. (kxan.com)
  • In this article we shall cover key tips and tricks, to help limit your cat's chances of developing Maine Coon coronavirus. (mainecooncentral.com)
  • Feline coronavirus can be fatal for our feline companions since the virus attacks a cat's vital organs and immune system. (mainecooncentral.com)
  • There are certain feline diseases that specifically target your cat's immune system. (vetinfo.com)
  • Carnitine can be made in the cat's body, but the ability to do so may be impaired in cases of obesity (which affects more than 50% of US cats), kidney disease, liver disorders, and any time the appetite is reduced. (animalwellnessmagazine.com)
  • Can cats spread the disease to each other? (scientificamerican.com)
  • Coronavirus: Can my cats get infected with or spread the virus? (feliway.com)
  • Human coronaviruses that cause the common cold spread from person-to-person. (medlineplus.gov)
  • While scholars debated whether such sweeping lockdowns were legal, China managed to block the spread of the coronavirus within its borders. (dogwoodbc.ca)
  • Rarely, animal coronaviruses can evolve and infect people and then spread between people such as has been seen with MERS and SARS . (washtenaw.org)
  • Get the latest cat news, information, and ways to take action and save cats' lives! (alleycat.org)
  • Mandy Lowe, co-founder of Cats Matter, told Yahoo News UK: "Cats that have been hit often are in critical condition and so the quicker they are seen by a vet, the better. (yahoo.com)
  • The good news is that so far, there is only 1 reported case in the world of a cat contaminated with the virus, from an infected owner. (feliway.com)
  • DAVIS COUNTY, Utah (ABC4 News) - The number of confirmed coronavirus cases in Davis County has now reached 12, according to officials. (abc4.com)
  • When I logged in to Zoom for the hearing, to my great surprise I was a cat," Ponton told BuzzFeed News of the hilarious mishap. (newschannel5.com)
  • For more coronavirus news , visit our dedicated page . (alarabiya.net)
  • A newly-hatched study out of China, so raw that it's not yet been peer-reviewed, has some disturbing news for cat lovers. (workingdogtimes.com)
  • Repurposing a cat drug may sound outlandish, but scientists have been looking for drugs that already exist to treat coronavirus. (blabba.net)
  • Cats seem to be more susceptible and cats can actually infect other catsbut they don't get very sick. (petcathealth.info)
  • This means that these human coronaviruses henceforth were rendered unable to replicate in cell cultures. (thehealthmania.com)
  • Common human coronaviruses cause mild to moderate illnesses, such as the common cold . (medlineplus.gov)
  • So, the "cure" (for some cats) is now available on the black market, that's until the FDA approves GC376. (stevedalepetworld.com)
  • Historically, GC376 has been tested in cats, where it has shown benefits. (blabba.net)
  • Past studies on cats, ferrets, and minks suggest that protease inhibitors (like GC376) can stop that scissoring from happening. (blabba.net)
  • Under current laws, although any driver who hits a dog is legally bound to report it, the same doesn't apply for cats - even if the accident is fatal. (yahoo.com)
  • However, in some cats the benign feline corona virus mutates inside the cat, and creates what has always been a fatal immune mediated disease called FIP. (stevedalepetworld.com)
  • While cats have adapted to easily fend off the feline corona virus, the same can't be said FIP, which had been considered fatal. (stevedalepetworld.com)
  • If the cat becomes infected with FIV, the disease will progress and is generally fatal. (vetinfo.com)
  • Feline panel includes includes PCR testing for Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin gene, net F toxin gene-C. perfringens, C. difficile, Campylobacter jejuni and coli, feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), Salmonella spp. (tamu.edu)
  • The celebrated doctor had been contemplating retirement when the coronavirus pandemic hit, Sunday 17:59. (411properties.com)
  • Soon after the coronavirus pandemic hit the area, the EOC team found that their headquarters - located on the edge of the city's downtown area - wasn't large enough to sustain their essential operations. (urbanlibraries.org)
  • A test that uses polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can detect coronavirus. (vetinfo.com)
  • These researchers squirted the virus down the cats nose in high concentration, which is pretty artificial," said Dr. John Williams, chief of the division of pediatric infectious diseases at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. (workingdogtimes.com)
  • We are currently not measuring the incidence of coronavirus diseases, but the activity of the specialists searching for them. (normanpilon.com)
  • Cats living in groups can infect each other with different strains of the virus during visits to a communal litter tray. (wikipedia.org)
  • One third of those healthy cats then caught the virus from their sick neighbors. (scientificamerican.com)
  • So until it's clearer whether the virus can leap back from cats to their owners, it would seem smart to keep your cats indoors, to wear gloves and a mask when changing the litter box and to avoid kissing or rubbing noses with your little snookums. (scientificamerican.com)
  • A team of researchers studied the transmission of the coronavirus between cats and found that felines are capable of infecting each other with the virus. (cbsnews.com)
  • The research team, lead by Yoshihiro Kawaoka, professor of pathobiological sciences at the University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine, inoculated three cats with the virus, and then introduced three other uninfected cats to the group. (cbsnews.com)
  • In five days, the three previously uninfected cats had caught the virus. (cbsnews.com)
  • So, cats clearly have a receptor that matches the virus. (cbsnews.com)
  • So, since cats don't seem to get very sick, maybe they don't have a very high virus level. (cbsnews.com)
  • For the study - which was published in the New England Journal of Medicine - researchers infected three cats with the virus, which had been taken from a human. (deseret.com)
  • The virus may have been transmitted to this cat by mildly ill or asymptomatic household members or through contact with an infected person outside its home. (cdc.gov)
  • In cats, the feline corona virus is so benign that cats rarely show any medical signs of illness. (stevedalepetworld.com)
  • Pedersen adds, "FIP is caused by an RNA virus of the Nidovirales order Coronavirus family. (stevedalepetworld.com)
  • Coronaviruses occurs in many mammals and they are generally species specific, unless the virus mutates enough to impact another species. (stevedalepetworld.com)
  • The FDA and scientists who pay attention to these things were aware of the effectiveness of GS-441524 - that drug nearly like Remdesivir - to treat a disease in cats caused by a corona virus. (stevedalepetworld.com)
  • First Confirmed Coronavirus Case In A UK Pet As Cat Contracts Virus The feline caught the virus from its owners. (pages.dev)
  • Within three days, they detected the virus in all of the cats. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The day after the researchers administered virus to the first three cats, they placed another cat in each of their cages. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Each day, the researchers took nasal and rectal swabs from all six cats to assess them for the presence of the virus. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Within two days, one of the previously uninfected cats was shedding virus, detected in the nasal swab, and within six days, all of the cats were shedding virus. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The virus was not lethal and none of the cats showed signs of illness. (scitechdaily.com)
  • All of the cats ultimately cleared the virus. (scitechdaily.com)
  • It follows a study published in Science by scientists at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences that also showed cats (and ferrets) could become infected with and potentially transmit the virus. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Whilst some virus strains have been more serious than others, most strains of feline coronavirus tend to be less severe, never causing the disease to develop. (mainecooncentral.com)
  • To do this, they assessed the amount of virus actually replicating in the blood of over 200 shelter cats in California. (everycat.org)
  • It is also unclear whether the infected domestic cats lived indoors or outdoors, or how the virus could be transmitted from cat to cat, said Dr. Ly. (theintouchnews.com)
  • Can Cats Infect Each Other with Corona Virus? (protectapet.com)
  • Today, an article in The Guardian provided new information after a Chinese study found that cats can infect each other with the virus. (protectapet.com)
  • He stated that human to human transmission is the main driver and therefore there isn't any need to panic about cats being a source of the virus. (protectapet.com)
  • Titer testing for FeLV can determine if the cat is infected or if it has been exposed to the virus. (vetinfo.com)
  • The FeLV virus is present in the saliva, urine and milk of infected cats. (vetinfo.com)
  • If the antibody test is positive, the cat is infected with the virus. (vetinfo.com)
  • It's ideal to keep your cat away from infected cats as the virus can be transmitted by a cat bite. (vetinfo.com)
  • Feline coronavirus is a highly contagious virus, and up to 90% of cats in multi-cat households and 50% of cats in single-cat households become infected. (embracepetinsurance.com)
  • The dry form possibly occurs because the cat was able to fight the FIP virus to a degree. (embracepetinsurance.com)
  • Healthcare workers on the front lines of the coronavirus response are being exposed to the virus and falling ill. (businessinsider.in)
  • First, researchers forced extremely high doses of virus up the nostrils of five 8-month-old domesticated cats. (workingdogtimes.com)
  • Cats in our homes or even in the wild would never be exposed to that level of virus. (workingdogtimes.com)
  • One of those three cats later tested positive for the virus, while the other two did not. (workingdogtimes.com)
  • Detection of antigen to feline leukemia virus (FELV) by ELISA. (tamu.edu)
  • Cats that test positive for FIP may well have it, since Corona virus shows the same result on the test. (5025oceanview.com)
  • Coronavirus Real-Time Laboratories manufactures the realtime corona virus reagents distributed by Genprice. (essentialbiosafety.info)
  • And can people get infected by their cats? (scientificamerican.com)
  • As well as the cat, 7,284 people have been confirmed infected with coronavirus in Belgium, with almost 300 deaths, officials also said at the press conference . (nypost.com)
  • But we also have no evidence of the converse, which is that cats are spreading it to people. (cbsnews.com)
  • Just like people prefer a regular bathroom to a porta-potty, cats prefer space when they use a litter box. (kxan.com)
  • Young resident Sly explores his surroundings at The Cat People sanctuary. (bakersfield.com)
  • The Cat People will help you get started with its Holiday Open House on Saturday. (bakersfield.com)
  • Today more than 800,000 people look to Alley Cat Allies for leadership on saving cats' lives, developing communities that safeguard cats, and helping shelters embrace feline-friendly policies. (alleycat.org)
  • In our work during the pandemic, especially with Feeding Florida, a statewide network of food banks, we created a model in which community food banks expand their reach to provide food not only for people, but for animal family members and community cats. (alleycat.org)
  • Rehman Chishti, MP for Gillingham and Rainham, wants people to think twice about leaving felines on the side of the road. (yahoo.com)
  • With more people around, there's less peace and silence for your cat to follow its own routine . (feliway.com)
  • While cats aren't people, it was worth a try. (stevedalepetworld.com)
  • Bringing cat cuddles to people and making them smile brings us into work every day. (vendhq.com)
  • Perhaps the cute image of their popular bizarre cat manju can do just a bit to help remind people to take precaution when they go out. (grapee.jp)
  • The age of cats and the age of people come. (kafbo.com)
  • When everyone has to work from home Some people have problems working late because our cats are often disturbed. (kafbo.com)
  • Many people are probably wondering what the cat coronavirus is. (kafbo.com)
  • Up to 4.5 million people are treated for animal bites each year, and children and adults in the United States together suffer an estimated 400,000 cat bites and 4.5 million dog bites, annually. (medscape.com)
  • Still, France-and notably Paris , a pillar of the country's tourism economy -came through its first bout of coronavirus visibly confident. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Almost half of Russian doctors think the country's official coronavirus statistics are underestimated. (balloon-juice.com)
  • But while the country's tourist infrastructure is almost non-existent, ATMs scarce and holidaymakers rarer than the wild cats that roam the rainforests, pioneering travellers certainly won't be left wanting. (worldtravelguide.net)
  • There are only two types of conversations about the current Coronavirus situation (or "global pandemic" depending on which type of conversation you're engaged in). (donkowalewski.com)
  • The United States issued a new rule on Friday tightening visa guidelines for Chinese journalists, saying it was in response to the treatment of US journalists in China, a shift that comes amid tensions between the two nations over the coronavirus global pandemic. (alarabiya.net)
  • Overcrowding increases the risk of mutation and conversion from FECV to FIPV, which constitutes a major risk factor for the development of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) cases. (wikipedia.org)
  • In cases where the disease does develop though, veterinary professionals often diagnose feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). (mainecooncentral.com)
  • It estimates 96 million US coronavirus cases and 480,000 deaths. (businessinsider.in)
  • WASHINGTON, D.C. - At least 59,494 new coronavirus cases were reported in the United States on Wednesday, which is the highest daily count since August 14, according to a tally by Johns Hopkins University . (wkbw.com)
  • The U.S. has crossed more than 70,000 new coronavirus cases in a single day. (balloon-juice.com)
  • A ban on eating dog and cat meat in Shenzhen would be "extremely welcome," said Peter Li, China policy expert for Humane Society International, an animal welfare group. (breitbart.com)
  • Venier and Blangero have adopted cats from the San Diego Humane Society and other nonprofits, and they put special importance on establishing a bond with an animal before taking it home. (lajollalight.com)
  • Places like the Cat Lounge and the Humane Society are nonprofits and the money goes to animal care and I am all about that. (lajollalight.com)
  • Alley Cat Allies has also provided emergency grants to dozens of animal organizations across the country for food, lifesaving veterinary care, vaccinations and other urgent needs. (alleycat.org)
  • A pet cat has tested positive for the coronavirus in the first confirmed case in the UK of it infecting an animal. (pages.dev)
  • They're men of action and in an effort to benefit animal rescue, so they've set up the 'All Day Kitty Cam,' which will live stream a video feed of cats available for adoption at a local shelter. (loudwire.com)
  • The 'All Day Kitty Cam' adoption initiative is a joint effort between Steel Panther the Los Angeles-based animal shelter Heavenly Pets, which has seen an uptick in care for abandoned pets in relation to the coronavirus. (loudwire.com)
  • Short videos of "cute" animal behavior are often popular on video websites such as YouTube and Vimeo, but cats seem to be a perennial favorite. (bellenews.com)
  • It's so nice to see complete strangers bond over their love of cats and share their own animal stories. (vendhq.com)
  • Therefore, in order to identify a chipped dog or cat, it is necessary that a microchip be registered in a national marked animal database. (worldpetnet.com)
  • She also discussed how the coronavirus pandemic has impacted her animal sanctuary. (people.com)
  • In this Wednesday June 15, 2016 photo, stray cats rush to eat food which was brought by the aid group Animal Welfare Abu Dhabi at the Lulu island in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. (alarabiya.net)
  • In this Wednesday June 15, 2016 photo, an stray cat rush walks towards the aid group Animal Welfare Abu Dhabi who they arrived at the Lulu island in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. (alarabiya.net)
  • Most cats die of FeLV in a few years, although medication helps to prolong their life. (vetinfo.com)
  • On Feb. 27, a dog in Hong Kong tested "weak positive" for coronavirus (the owner tested positive). (uexpress.com)