Corneal Wavefront Aberration

Corneal Topography

Aberrometry

Refraction, Ocular

Refractive Errors

Accommodation, Ocular

Pupil

Astigmatism

Lenses

Myopia

Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ

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Cornea

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Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor

Aberrations of the eye

LASIK

UltraVision

Coma (optics)

Keratoconus

Refractive error

Zernike polynomials

Adaptive optics

Peter Hersh

Astigmatism (optical systems)

Intraocular lens

Topography15

• [ 1 ] This article will review the relevant principles of corneal optics and discuss the major corneal imaging approaches, including topography, tomography, and optical coherence tomography. (medscape.com)
• Anterior corneal and internal component contributions to overall peripheral aberrations of five human eyes were determined, based on corneal topography and overall aberration measurements. (optica.org)
• The patients were asked about their myopia history and underwent an ophthalmologic examination including uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest and cycloplegic refractions, intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal topography, slit-lamp microscopy, and dilated indirect fundoscopy. (hindawi.com)
• Another diagnostic performed is topography, which is done in all planned corneal refractive procedures. (ophthalmologytimes.com)
• Asymmetries in the topography and refractive index of the corneal surface that affect visual acuity. (bvsalud.org)
• Corneal topography maps often appear to be shifted nasally from the pupil center in emmetropic eyes. (arvojournals.org)
• Measurements were obtained from one eye of 37 adults whose spherical equivalent refractions ranged from +1.25 D to -9.00 D. Ocular aberrations were obtained with a Wavefront Sciences COAS aberrometer and corneal aberrations were calculated from Humphrey Atlas corneal topography maps, using VolCT software (Sarver Associates). (arvojournals.org)
• Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) and corneal topography parameters were analyzed at baseline and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years of follow-up. (bvsalud.org)
• Topcon KR-1W is The five-in-one Wavefront Analyzer provides you the combined technologies of wavefront aberration, corneal topography, keratometry, pupillometry, and auto-refraction, providing you with of the required information on your refractive system to execute optimum wavefront analysis. (ophthalmicmart.com)
• The Topcon KR-1W is the sole wavefront & topography method to offer both diagnostic and interrogate functionalities. (ophthalmicmart.com)
• The 5-in-1 KR-1W Wavefront Analyzer boasts the combined technologies of wavefront aberration, corneal topography and auto-refraction. (ukbuysell.com)
• Our experienced and skilled LASIK specialists map both the corneal topography and the entire optical pathway inside the eye with wavefront analysis, measuring aberrations up to the most minuscule distortions. (gulfcoast2020.com)
• In fact, the authors concluded that Topography-guided or Contoura Vision LASIK was superior in all visual performance parameters studied, both subjective and objective, including visual aberrations. (contouravisionindia.com)
• IDesign Refractive Studio uses FIRST time introduced Topography plus Wavefront Guided Technology which corrects Both Outer CORNEAL ( Topo guided) plus Inner ( wavefront guided) irregularities. (bansaleyelasik.com)
• Contoura Vision Is "Topography guided" LASIK, but iDesign Refractive Studio Technology is the only system in the world to use "combination of Topo integrated and wavefront guided technology " for correcting all imperfection of the eye. (bansaleyelasik.com)

Cornea23

• When the cornea does not have the correct shape and power for clear vision, a doctor of optometry may recommend one of several corneal modification techniques to correct the issue. (aoa.org)
• All corneal modification procedures alter the curvature of the cornea so that incoming light is refracted at an angle that allows it to focus precisely on the retina. (aoa.org)
• Wavefront-driven excimer laser photoablation, which changes the shape of the cornea to change refractive error. (aoa.org)
• The uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), SE, corneal spherical aberration, and asphericity over the 6.0 mm cornea were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively. (hindawi.com)
• Leaving a narrow hinge of tissue allowed the outer cornea to become a flap that is reflected out of the way during the laser exposure, then returned to its original position and allowed to adhere through natural corneal dehydration to the underlying stromal bed (Figure 1). (aao.org)
• All these factors can induce under-ablation of the peripheral cornea, resulting in increase of higher-order aberrations (HOA), especially spherical aberration [ 1 2 3 4 5 6 ]. (ekjo.org)
• To overcome this problem, wavefront-optimized (WFO) ablation was introduced to maintain an aspheric corneal shape by applying additional laser pulses to the peripheral cornea to reduce induction of spherical aberration [ 7 ]. (ekjo.org)
• The Amaris Excimer laser system (Schwind eye-tech-solutions, Kleinostheim, Germany) provides three types of ablation profiles: 1) aberration-free to maintain an aspheric shape of the cornea in a similar manner as that used in WFO ablation, 2) corneal WFG ablation to reduce preoperative corneal HOA, and 3) ocular WFG ablation to reduce the degree of preoperative ocular HOA. (ekjo.org)
• However lateral coma in the eye may be less than coma induced by the cornea if the corneal coma is compensated by the internal optics (Kelly et al. (arvojournals.org)
• LASIK stands for Laser in Situ Keratomileusis, which means using a laser underneath a corneal flap (in situ) to reshape the cornea (keratomileusis). (medicinenet.com)
• The surgeon then pulls back the flap to expose the underlying corneal tissue, and then the excimer laser ablates (reshapes) the cornea in a unique pre-specified pattern for each patient. (medicinenet.com)
• An aberration (which literally means a deviation from the usual or natural) of the eye occurs when there is an abnormality on the surface of the cornea . (allaboutvision.com)
• The RMS value can be used as a good overall indicator for the vision of a patient because it summarizes all aberrations of the cornea. (ziemergroup.com)
• Contoura vision, is a form of corneal wavefront topo guided treatment, which removes the aberrations in cornea and gives you clearer vision. (mantracare.in)
• and the development of the corneal wavefront method, which allows even the smallest aberrations in the cornea to be detected and smoothed. (piemagazine.org)
• With the help of these two Lasers, the surgeon is able to distinctly outline the aberration in the entire optical system, and, at the same time reshape the surface of the cornea to deliver sharper and clearer vision. (lasikinmumbai.com)
• In this, the corneal flap is replaced by removing the corneal stroma lenticule (some tissue from the substance of the cornea) from a very small incision to reduce the complications of corneal flap and dry eye. (contouravisionindia.com)
• Since the technology uses the specific corneal curvature of the individual patient to provide a customized laser ablation of the cornea, the individual defects in the corneal optical system of the eye, are addressed, which results in a sharper and brighter vision after surgery. (contouravisionindia.com)
• In very severe cases of Keratoconus, the cornea becomes very thin, very steep, scarred or intolerant to contact lenses and there is little choice but to have a corneal transplant. (drbleonard.com)
• During a corneal transplant, the central part of the cornea is removed and a donor cornea is sewn into place. (drbleonard.com)
• A 20-year-old Caucasian male presented to the clinic as a referral from our cornea service for trauma-induced corneal scarring of the left eye. (reviewofcontactlenses.com)
• When the cornea or lens has imperfections, optical aberrations are created, causing the wavefront to exit the eye as curved or bent sheets of light. (medscape.com)
• Its achromatic diffractive surface provides low-addition foci that elongate the range of vision from distance to intermediate, and corrects chromatic aberrations of the cornea. (medscape.com)

Removing corneal tissue1

• In the mid-1980s, Swinger, Krumeich, and Cassiday developed a technique for removing corneal tissue without the cryolathe. (aao.org)

Astigmatism10

• The incisional surgical procedure used to correct corneal astigmatism. (aoa.org)
• The treatments are symmetrical and correct lower order or spherocylindrical aberrations, which include myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. (aoa.org)
• These 2 concepts can characterize the overall shape and the macro-irregularities of the corneal surface (eg, corneal astigmatism). (medscape.com)
• This technique involved less trauma to the corneal cap, but the results remained suboptimal secondary to unpredictable refractive changes and irregular astigmatism. (aao.org)
• In people with astigmatism , either the corneal or lens shape is distorted, causing multiple images on the retina. (medicinenet.com)
• Higher-order aberrations are often called "irregular astigmatism" and are associated with flaws in how the eye refracts light rays as they travel through the vision system. (allaboutvision.com)
• In the last 20 years, it has helped patients of myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism to radically change the way deal with this aberration. (lasikinmumbai.com)
• The residual astigmatism following Toric intraocular lens (IOL) rotation have received much attention.However, the variation of the optical performance and the wavefront abrrveation with Toric IOL rotation are unclear. (cjeo-journal.org)
• Toricl IOL rotation leads to increase of astigmatism and spherical refractive error but not high order aberration. (cjeo-journal.org)
• The term higher order optical aberration has begun to replace the older term irregular astigmatism as wavefront analysis has become more accepted. (medscape.com)

Visual acuity4

• The Anwar and Melles techniques of DALK have comparable visual acuity and refractive outcomes, aberrometric profiles, biomechanical properties, corneal thicknesses, and endothelial cell densities. (nih.gov)
• Uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, refractive errors, corneal higher-order aberrations (HOA) and corneal thickness obtained using a Scheimpflug system, and central ablation depth and volume were evaluated during the preoperative period and again at the postoperative 6-month visits. (ekjo.org)
• The KR-1W features complete auto-alignment, a large color touchscreen, onboard evaluation software, wavefront picture sequence and simulated visual acuity evaluation, Simple to operate with right/left fully automated measurement and touchscreen. (ophthalmicmart.com)
• The system features full auto-alignment, a large color touch screen, onboard evaluation software, wavefront image sequence and simulated visual acuity assessment. (ukbuysell.com)

Ocular13

• A method of capturing the wavefront of an ocular system. (aoa.org)
• In general, the anterior corneal aberration components were considerably higher than the overall aberrations across the visual field and were balanced to a considerable degree by the internal ocular aberration components. (optica.org)
• Wavefront analysis can help surgeons spot distortions seen on the ocular surface or higherorder aberration instability. (ophthalmologytimes.com)
• Treatments can be upgraded to customised procedures using corneal or ocular wavefront. (eye-tech-solutions.com)
• We examined the roles of pupil displacement and refractive error in the amount of corneal and ocular lateral coma aberration. (arvojournals.org)
• Both ocular and corneal aberrations were calculated for a 6 mm pupil and referenced to the pupil center. (arvojournals.org)
• Internal coma was obtained by subtracting the corneal from the ocular coma aberration. (arvojournals.org)
• Ocular lateral coma values were smaller than the corneal values and did not vary significantly with either pupil displacement or refractive error. (arvojournals.org)
• The absolute value of ocular lateral coma was 0.073±0.01 micron (mean±se), which is 10 times greater than the measurement accuracy of the COAS for this aberration (Cheng et al. (arvojournals.org)
• Ocular lateral coma aberration is small, even though emmetropic eyes have decentered optics. (arvojournals.org)
• Pentacam AXL Wave had repeatability with an ICC for total ocular aberrations ranging from 0.84 for HOAs to 0.92 for LOAs and for corneal from 0.76 for HOAs to 0.86 for LOAs. (pentacam.com)
• Both devices showed excellent correlations for total ocular aberrations. (pentacam.com)
• This is most tissue saving customized technology available which leads to treatment of high numbers with more safety It is 25 times more precise than other systems by collecting thousands of points from corneal (outer) and other ocular (internal) structures of eye. (bansaleyelasik.com)

Aberrometer4

• Transparency Distribution of Cataractous Crystalline Lens from Analysis of Images Obtained by a Shack-Hartmann Wavefront Aberrometer. (arvojournals.org)
• Aberrations can be examined and diagnosed through wavefront technology (aberrometry), using an instrument called an aberrometer. (allaboutvision.com)
• A ray-tracing wavefront aberrometer provides a detailed analysis of the unique optical properties of the eye, including the higher order aberrations. (laserfitlens.com)
• If not, use a wavefront aberrometer to measure the residual aberration, and remember to evaluate the spot diagram. (reviewofcontactlenses.com)

Keratoconus10

• BACKGROUND: Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) is a procedure utilized for halting keratoconus progression with different approved protocols. (bvsalud.org)
• The current study aimed to assess the corneal endothelial changes following the relatively new accelerated pulsed high-fluence protocol of epithelium-off corneal cross-linking for the treatment of mild to moderate keratoconus. (bvsalud.org)
• Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal thinning disease that manifests in puberty and worsens during pregnancy. (bvsalud.org)
• PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the 4-year clinical outcomes of transepithelial diluted alcohol and iontophoresis-assisted corneal crosslinking (DAI-CXL) and standard corneal crosslinking (S-CXL) in adults with progressive keratoconus. (bvsalud.org)
• Intrastromal corneal ring segments are currently being investigated to reduce myopia in patients with keratoconus and corneal ectasia. (sdeyes.org)
• Thanks to the Shack-Hartmann wavefront technology , combined with the topographer Placido rings and an external color camera, VX 650 provides tools to Diagnose, Evaluate and Monitor Keratoconus or other corneal pathologies like Dry Eye DISEASES. (visionix.com)
• There are many Keratoconus doctors , especially here in the Los Angeles area, who want to get you onto their operating table as quickly as possible for a corneal surgery of one type or another, but what we find is that most patients can be treated non-surgically and enjoy a happy, normal life. (drbleonard.com)
• But in 15-20% of Keratoconus cases, after all non-surgical alternatives have been explored, a corneal transplant may be necessary. (drbleonard.com)
• The great majority of Keratoconus cases are less severe and a corneal transplant is not necessary. (drbleonard.com)
• In these cases, some doctors like to treat Keratoconus with plastic corneal implants called Intacs. (drbleonard.com)

Order aberrations7

• In addition to treating lower-order aberrations (sphere and cylinder), custom refractive surgery treats higher-order aberrations up to the 6th order. (aoa.org)
• The component and overall levels of Zernike third-order aberrations showed linear trends away from the fixation axis, and the component levels of Zernike fourth-order aberrations showed quadratic trends away from the fixation axis. (optica.org)
• Measuring high-order aberrations with the Wavefront Display of the GALILEI helps identify the most suitable IOL for cataract patients and allows custom treatments for refractive patients. (ziemergroup.com)
• Moreover, EVO-ICL implantation is similar to the traditional ICL implantation with regard to inducing the higher-order aberrations and contrast sensitivity function [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
• Thanks to the Shack-Hartmann wavefront technology, VX 650 provides Objective day and night refraction measurements (under different pupil diameters) and measures lower-order and higher-order aberrations. (visionix.com)
• For true wavefront treatments leaving contact lenses out for the recommended period of time is especially important since the measurements of higher levels of irregularity (higher order aberrations) will be used to create the individualized laser treatment plan. (westernlasereye.com)
• Lower order aberrations, such as sphere and cylinder, require lower order mathematical terms within the polynomial expansion to characterize them and are commonly referred to as second order aberrations. (medscape.com)

Total corneal2

• Postoperative total corneal HOA root mean square (RMS), coma RMS, and spherical aberration were significantly increased in both groups. (ekjo.org)
• Previous studies about laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) have reported that spherical aberration and total corneal HOA did not decrease following Amaris WFO [ 9 10 11 12 ] but did decrease after WFG [ 13 ]. (ekjo.org)

Curvature7

• PURPOSE: To compare optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Scheimpflug curvature and aberrations of the Bowman's layer before and after removal of the epithelium. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
• CONCLUSIONS: The virtual OCT curvature and aberrations of the Bowman's layer agreed well with its actual magnitudes on removal of the epithelium in the keratoconic eyes. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
• In normal eyes, the agreement was inferior for aberrations but not for curvature. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
• abstract = "PURPOSE: To compare optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Scheimpflug curvature and aberrations of the Bowman's layer before and after removal of the epithelium.METHODS: Bowman's layer was mapped with OCT (Optovue Inc., Irvine, CA) before and after removal of the epithelium in normal eyes undergoing photorefractive keratectomy (n = 14) and keratoconic eyes undergoing corneal cross-linking (n = 25). (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
• The excimer laser (a very precise, cool temperature laser) will be used to remove some of the underlying corneal tissue to make a new corneal curvature and correct refractive errors. (bumrungrad.com)
• A reversible procedure used in the treatment of low amounts of myopia (-1.00 to -3.00 D) by placing rings of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) in the midperipheral corneal stroma to flatten the radius of curvature. (sdeyes.org)
• The display includes anterior and posterior axial curvature maps, as axial curvature smoothens small corneal irregularities similar to what the visual system does. (ziemergroup.com)

LASIK15

• To investigate corneal spherical aberration and corneal asphericity after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK). (hindawi.com)
• SMILE induced less increase in corneal spherical aberration and better preserved the corneal asphericity of the anterior corneal surface than FS-LASIK. (hindawi.com)
• Corneal asphericity changes contributed to the corneal spherical aberration changes following SMILE and FS-LASIK. (hindawi.com)
• The increase in the corneal spherical aberration after SMILE was reported to be less than that after femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) [ 4 , 5 , 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
• The study was conducted to compare the change patterns of corneal spherical aberration and corneal asphericity between SMILE and FS-LASIK and investigate how much changes of corneal asphericity could account for the variation of corneal spherical aberration after SMILE and FS-LASIK procedures. (hindawi.com)
• In traditional LASIK eye surgery, a microkeratome (blade) is used to cut the corneal flap. (bumrungrad.com)
• The femtosecond LASIK increases safety in corneal surgery and offers patients a better quality of vision compared to the standard blade procedure, as the laser increases precision and creates a precisely shaped corneal flap. (bumrungrad.com)
• During the LASIK procedure, a specially trained eye surgeon first creates a precise, thin hinged corneal flap using a microkeratome. (medicinenet.com)
• Surgery such as LASIK can worsen HOAs in the eye - particularly, spherical aberrations. (allaboutvision.com)
• A LASIK complication wherein epithelial cells proliferate underneath the corneal flap. (sdeyes.org)
• Furthermore, the laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), major myopia corneal laser-assisted surgery, has been available for more than 30 years [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
• While the excimer laser with its inimitable ability to re shape corneal surface to correct the underlying aberration is the gold standard of Lasik surgery, new Lasik technologies like SBK Lasik, WaveFront Lasik or CustomVue Lasik help the previously considered unfit patients of thin corneas. (lasikinmumbai.com)
• WaveFront technology uses both slit scanning and flying spot scanning Lasik to offer a customized treatment for individual patients based on their own unique eye anatomy. (lasikinmumbai.com)
• Recent studies have indicated that there is less more corneal nerves are preserved when treated with SMILE compared with LASIK, which can reduce the incidence of dry eye. (contouravisionindia.com)
• In addition to correcting your specs power, it also corrects your corneal irregularities and works on your visual axis, thereby giving supervision beyond 6/6 not possible in any other laser procedure like lasik or smile. (bansaleyelasik.com)

Thickness4

• Mean central corneal thickness was 525.56 ± 47.87 μm versus 504.64 ± 54.20 μm in the Anwar and Melles groups, respectively (P = 0.155). (nih.gov)
• Even though ablation volume in the WFG group was much larger than that of the WFO group, there was no significant difference in postoperative central and peripheral corneal thickness between the two groups. (ekjo.org)
• The laser reduces discrepancies, creates a more precise and uniform flap thickness, reduces flap-related complications such as incomplete or irregular flap cutting, and reduces corneal scratching. (bumrungrad.com)
• The size of pupil, corneal thickness, degree of error in vision along with the budget of the patient and expertize of the surgeon all amalgamate to determine the procedure most suited for a particular patient. (lasikinmumbai.com)

Specific corneal2

• Corneal imaging is essential for preoperative planning in refractive, cataract, and corneal surgery, and for the diagnosis and monitoring of specific corneal diseases. (medscape.com)
• That is why these diopters more correctly are termed keratometric diopters to distinguish them from the diopters expressing more precisely the true refractive power at a specific corneal point. (medscape.com)

Stroma3

• Radiofrequency energy is delivered through a fine tip inserted into the corneal stroma. (aoa.org)
• This study aims to determine the role of corneal stroma sex hormone receptors in KC and their interplay with estrone (E1) and estriol (E3) using our established 3D in vitro model. (bvsalud.org)
• The laser utilizes a 193 nm argon-fluoride beam to reshape the anterior corneal stroma by breaking collagen bonds and expelling or ablating corneal tissue with each laser pulse. (sdeyes.org)

Flap6

• When this laser is used in place of a metal blade to cut the corneal flap, the cut it creates is more precise in both size and shape. (bumrungrad.com)
• The surgeon uses the femtosecond laser to separate the corneal layer, making the corneal hinged flap. (bumrungrad.com)
• The laser creates a corneal flap with more defined and angled edges, allowing the flap to be put back in place precisely, and reduces the risk of flap complications and excessive glare during the night. (bumrungrad.com)
• Forms a thin corneal flap using a microkeratome or Femto Laser. (mantracare.in)
• Instead of using a blade to create the corneal flap, a Femtosecond laser is used to create the flap. (mantracare.in)
• SMILE, also known as the flapless surgical approach, does not necessitate the lifting of the corneal flap. (biomedcentral.com)

Tissue6

• Second, use of a cryolathe to freeze the corneal cap for precise lenticular reshaping of corneal tissue. (aao.org)
• In the late 1980s, Ruiz and Rowsey introduced tissue removal from the stromal bed rather than the free corneal cap, referred to as in situ keratomileusis. (aao.org)
• The microkeratome was removed the corneal cap in a first pass, then the suction ring was changed to excise a free lenticle of tissue with a second pass. (aao.org)
• The lack of predictable tissue removal in the second pass and the small optical zone of the excised refractive lenticle, however, often left the patient with unacceptable optical aberrations. (aao.org)
• Survey of Ophthalmology Induction of cross-links in corneal tissue Spörl, E. (kcglobal.org)
• The more detailed the measurements, the more accurate the removal of corneal tissue for exceptional results. (gulfcoast2020.com)

Ectasia1

• Corneal mapping is done to identify people who may have a high risk for corneal instability, also called ectasia, following laser vision correction. (westernlasereye.com)

Myopia2

• To compare the visual outcomes and corneal aberrations between wavefront-optimized (WFO) and corneal wavefront-guided (WFG) photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in low to moderate myopia. (ekjo.org)
• The compensation of corneal coma by internal coma of opposite sign is a feature of emmetropic eyes, and both corneal and internal coma aberrations decrease with increasing myopia. (arvojournals.org)

Anterior6

• The average anterior and posterior corneal power is 48.6 diopter (D) and -6.8 D, respectively. (medscape.com)
• Anterior corneal position and orientation (tilt) were referenced to the line of sight. (optica.org)
• The anterior corneal surface before removal and the underlying Bowman's layer after removal of the epithelium were also mapped with Pentacam (Oculus Optikgeräte, Wetzlar, Germany), and the surface aberrations with ray tracing were computed. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
• The anterior corneal surface before removal and the underlying Bowman's layer after removal of the epithelium were also mapped with Pentacam (Oculus Optikger{\"a}te, Wetzlar, Germany), and the surface aberrations with ray tracing were computed.RESULTS: The agreement of OCT curvatures before and after removal of the epithelium was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.9). (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
• Wave-front aberrations in the anterior corneal surface and the whole eye[J]. (chineseoptics.net.cn)
• You can retrieve detailed reports and anterior/posterior images of the eye with a single click to identify and detect early signs of cataracts, glaucoma, retinal and corneal pathologies. (visionix.com)

Coma2

• Coma and trefoil aberrations are also considered HOAs. (allaboutvision.com)
• The most important higher order terms are spherical aberration (a fourth order term) and coma (a third order term). (medscape.com)

Refractions1

• Surgeons also can look for any significant differences between the wavefront and manifest refractions. (ophthalmologytimes.com)

Spherical aberrations1

• However, WFG PRK induced fewer spherical aberrations than WFO PRK and may be more advantageous for eyes with high HOA root mean square or spherical aberration. (ekjo.org)

Collagen1

• Keratocyte Apoptosis After Corneal Collagen Cross-linking Using Riboflavin/UVA Treatment Wollensak, G. (kcglobal.org)

Aberrometry1

• There are several ways to evaluate aberration vs. scatter, including a rigid lens over-refraction, wavefront aberrometry and even glare testing, the latter of which is the same as you would perform during a cataract evaluation. (reviewofcontactlenses.com)

Conclusions2

• CONCLUSIONS: Corneal endothelial changes following accelerated pulsed high-fluence CXL were minimal with stability of endothelial cell count and non-significant morphological changes. (bvsalud.org)
• Conclusions: The repeatability estimates for wavefront aberrations using Pentacam AXL Wave were significantly better than those using i-Trace. (pentacam.com)

Microkeratome2

• First, a manually advancing electric microkeratome for creating a corneal cap. (aao.org)
• After the microkeratome cut the corneal cap, it was stabilized with suction in the inverted position on a forming die while the refractive cut was made by a second pass of the instrument on the stromal side of the corneal cap. (aao.org)

Shack-Hartmann1

• Thanks to the Shack-Hartmann wavefront technology, combined with the topographer Placido rings, a Scheimpflug camera and a retroillumination capacity, the VX 650 allows visualization of lens opacities to monitor cataract. (visionix.com)

Lens7

• The crystalline lens of the eye, which provides part of the eye's light focusing power, changes as a natural part of aging - this can also contribute to spherical aberration. (allaboutvision.com)
• He is the first to incorporate sophisticated wavefront guided optics into a scleral lens for exceptional vision and comfort for patients with highly complex and challenging vision issues. (laserfitlens.com)
• One key aspect that drives the decision behind which contact lens modality to pursue is the health and integrity of the corneal limbus, especially in trauma or chemical burns. (reviewofcontactlenses.com)
• Aberrations can be addressed with a rigid lens, and residual aberrations can be further addressed with wavefront-guided optics, currently only available for scleral lenses. (reviewofcontactlenses.com)
• If glare is resolved by a rigid lens over-refraction, then it's all aberration. (reviewofcontactlenses.com)
• The aim of this study was to evaluate the optical performance, wavefront abrrveation and residual diopter spherical and cylinder lens with Toric IOL rotation. (cjeo-journal.org)
• Contact lens wear can warp the corneal surface and in some people will lead to chronic dry eye. (westernlasereye.com)

Excimer1

• The STAR S4 IR® Excimer Laser delivers 100% customized, precise ablation using the wavefront-guided technology of the iDESIGN® Refractive Studio . (gulfcoast2020.com)

Irregularities2

• Smoothness of the surface is optically very important, and any micro-irregularities of the corneal surface can significantly degrade the image. (medscape.com)
• Each Human eye is a Unique combination of Both Outer and Inner Irregularities ( Aberrations) like our finger prints are unique , so IDESIGN Refractive Studio guided HDV2.0 is Advanced form of Contoura Vision as it has additional features. (bansaleyelasik.com)

Photorefractive keratectomy1

• METHODS: Bowman's layer was mapped with OCT (Optovue Inc., Irvine, CA) before and after removal of the epithelium in normal eyes undergoing photorefractive keratectomy (n = 14) and keratoconic eyes undergoing corneal cross-linking (n = 25). (maastrichtuniversity.nl)

Measurements1

• Usually, five measurements are taken and the average of the three closest readings produces the final wavefront measurement. (aoa.org)

Higher-order2

• Spherical aberration is one of many varieties of a higher-order aberration (HOA) in the eye. (allaboutvision.com)
• Each higher order aberration can be displayed or hidden. (ziemergroup.com)

Pupil5

• The visually significant area of the corneal surface is approximately the area with the same diameter as the pupil size. (medscape.com)
• In the eye, spherical aberration tends to increase with pupil size, and is therefore more noticeable in low light conditions than in bright sunlight. (allaboutvision.com)
• During this time, your pupil is measured, as this is where a wavefront will pass through your eye. (allaboutvision.com)
• Aberrations can be defined as the difference in optical path length (OPL) between any ray passing through a point in the pupillary plane and the chief ray passing through the pupil center. (medscape.com)
• Zernike polynomials have proven especially useful since they contain radial components and the shape of the wavefront follows that of the pupil, which is circular. (medscape.com)

Procedure2

• Although promising clinical results, in terms of safety, stability, predictability, and efficacy [ 1 - 3 ], were reported, an increase in the corneal spherical aberration was still found in patients undergoing SMILE procedure [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
• Another procedure, wavefront-guided (WFG) ablation, was designed to reduce pre-existing HOA [ 8 ]. (ekjo.org)

Contrast1

• Visually, spherical aberration causes blur, loss of contrast and halos around lights. (allaboutvision.com)

Keratometry2

• To simplify it in clinical practice or in keratometry, a substitution with one refractive surface with the resulting corneal power of 42-44 keratometric D often is used. (medscape.com)
• 8] HANNUSH S B,CRAWFORD S L,WARING G O. Accuracy and precision of keratometry, photokeratoscopy, and corneal modeling on calibrated steel balls[J]. Arch Ophthalmol ,1989,107(8):1235-1239. (chineseoptics.net.cn)

Refraction1

• Accuracy and precision of objective refraction from wavefront aberrations[J]. J. Vision ,2004,4(4):329-351. (chineseoptics.net.cn)

Refractive system1

• The KR-1W provides the eye care professional with all the required information on the human refractive system to perform optimal wavefront analysis. (ukbuysell.com)

Postoperatively3

• Among these, only spherical aberration showed a significant difference between the two groups, with greater increase in the WFO group at 6 months postoperatively. (ekjo.org)
• The main outcome measures were corneal endothelial changes assessed by specular microscopy at 3 and 6 months postoperatively including endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation, percentage of hexagonal cells, average, minimum and maximum endothelial cell sizes. (bvsalud.org)
• In this technique, 22000 data points on each of the corneas is recorded, and treated accordingly in order to minimize aberrations, and to provide perfect vision postoperatively. (contouravisionindia.com)

EPITHELIUM2

• The agreement of surface wavefront aberrations of the Bowman's layer before and after removal of the epithelium was excellent (ICC = 0.9) between the devices for keratoconic eyes. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
• The surgeon then gently replaces the surface corneal layer (epithelium) back to its natural position and then smooths it over. (rightclinic.com)

Endothelial1

• Ophthalmologica Corneal Endothelial Cytotoxicity of Riboflavin/UVA Treatment in vitro Wollensak, G. (kcglobal.org)

Irregularity1

• If the irregularity is minor, great options will include soft, custom soft, corneal gas permeable and hybrid lenses. (reviewofcontactlenses.com)

Zernike2

• Wavefront maps are displayed in terms of Zernike polynomials and measured in microns. (aoa.org)
• In general, both component and overall Zernike aberrations were greater for the nasal than for the temporal visual field. (optica.org)

Procedures1

• Procedures like keratoplasty (corneal transplants) can also increase the risk of developing spherical aberration. (allaboutvision.com)

20221

• The year 2022 marks a significant milestone for the company as it celebrates its 30th anniversary in the refractive corneal surgery industry. (piemagazine.org)

Retinal1

• You have to be careful in examination of the patient, making sure they don't have any corneal problems or retinal problems that might preclude a good result," he told Medscape Medical News . (medscape.com)

Stromal2

• The reshaped free cap was sutured onto the patient's corneal stromal bed. (aao.org)
• Depending on the severity of scarring that is present, it's possible the glare the patient is describing is not actually aberration from an irregular corneal shape but rather scatter from stromal scarring. (reviewofcontactlenses.com)

Scheimpflug1

• Thanks to the fundus camera, combined with the Scheimpflug camera and the integrated tonometer, the VX 650 provides data such as tonometry, irido-corneal angles, fundus, and cup to disc ratio to identify patients with possible glaucoma. (visionix.com)

Contact lenses2

• While spherical aberration cannot be corrected with ordinary eyeglasses or soft contact lenses, rigid contact lenses or other more advanced options may be recommended, on a case-by-case basis. (allaboutvision.com)
• For wavefront treatments it is important to have soft contact lenses out for at least 1 week and for rigid lenses it may be necessary to leave contact lenses out for 2 weeks or longer. (westernlasereye.com)