Corneal stroma. Medical search

The lamellated connective tissue constituting the thickest layer of the cornea between the Bowman and Descemet membranes.

The transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye consisting of five layers: stratified squamous CORNEAL EPITHELIUM; BOWMAN MEMBRANE; CORNEAL STROMA; DESCEMET MEMBRANE; and mesenchymal CORNEAL ENDOTHELIUM. It serves as the first refracting medium of the eye. It is structurally continuous with the SCLERA, avascular, receiving its nourishment by permeation through spaces between the lamellae, and is innervated by the ophthalmic division of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE via the ciliary nerves and those of the surrounding conjunctiva which together form plexuses. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

Inflammation of the cornea.

Fibroblasts which occur in the CORNEAL STROMA.

A sulfated mucopolysaccharide initially isolated from bovine cornea. At least two types are known. Type I, found mostly in the cornea, contains D-galactose and D-glucosamine-6-O-sulfate as the repeating unit; type II, found in skeletal tissues, contains D-galactose and D-galactosamine-6-O-sulfate as the repeating unit.

Stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the CORNEA. It is smooth and contains many free nerve endings.

Disorder occurring in the central or peripheral area of the cornea. The usual degree of transparency becomes relatively opaque.

Diseases of the cornea.

Partial or total replacement of the CORNEA from one human or animal to another.

A noninflammatory, usually bilateral protrusion of the cornea, the apex being displaced downward and nasally. It occurs most commonly in females at about puberty. The cause is unknown but hereditary factors may play a role. The -conus refers to the cone shape of the corneal protrusion. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

Filarial infection of the eyes transmitted from person to person by bites of Onchocerca volvulus-infected black flies. The microfilariae of Onchocerca are thus deposited beneath the skin. They migrate through various tissues including the eye. Those persons infected have impaired vision and up to 20% are blind. The incidence of eye lesions has been reported to be as high as 30% in Central America and parts of Africa.

A layer of the cornea. It is the basal lamina of the CORNEAL ENDOTHELIUM (from which it is secreted) separating it from the CORNEAL STROMA. It is a homogeneous structure composed of fine collagenous filaments, and slowly increases in thickness with age.

Bilateral hereditary disorders of the cornea, usually autosomal dominant, which may be present at birth but more frequently develop during adolescence and progress slowly throughout life. Central macular dystrophy is transmitted as an autosomal recessive defect.

The front third of the eyeball that includes the structures between the front surface of the cornea and the front of the VITREOUS BODY.

An excessive amount of fluid in the cornea due to damage of the epithelium or endothelium causing decreased visual acuity.

A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It is the main constituent of SKIN; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; and the organic substance of bones (BONE AND BONES) and teeth (TOOTH).

New blood vessels originating from the corneal veins and extending from the limbus into the adjacent CORNEAL STROMA. Neovascularization in the superficial and/or deep corneal stroma is a sequel to numerous inflammatory diseases of the ocular anterior segment, such as TRACHOMA, viral interstitial KERATITIS, microbial KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS, and the immune response elicited by CORNEAL TRANSPLANTATION.

Single layer of large flattened cells covering the surface of the cornea.

A dye obtained from the heartwood of logwood (Haematoxylon campechianum Linn., Leguminosae) used as a stain in microscopy and in the manufacture of ink.

Gas lasers with excited dimers (i.e., excimers) as the active medium. The most commonly used are rare gas monohalides (e.g., argon fluoride, xenon chloride). Their principal emission wavelengths are in the ultraviolet range and depend on the monohalide used (e.g., 193 nm for ArF, 308 nm for Xe Cl). These lasers are operated in pulsed and Q-switched modes and used in photoablative decomposition involving actual removal of tissue. (UMDNS, 2005)

Connective tissue cells of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere.

A form of fluorescent antibody technique commonly used to detect serum antibodies and immune complexes in tissues and microorganisms in specimens from patients with infectious diseases. The technique involves formation of an antigen-antibody complex which is labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)

Partial or total replacement of all layers of a central portion of the cornea.

A surgical procedure to correct MYOPIA by CORNEAL STROMA subtraction. It involves the use of a microkeratome to make a lamellar dissection of the CORNEA creating a flap with intact CORNEAL EPITHELIUM. After the flap is lifted, the underlying midstroma is reshaped with an EXCIMER LASER and the flap is returned to its original position.

A type of refractive surgery of the CORNEA to correct MYOPIA and ASTIGMATISM. An EXCIMER LASER is used directly on the surface of the EYE to remove some of the CORNEAL EPITHELIUM thus reshaping the anterior curvature of the cornea.

A family of structurally related collagens that form the characteristic collagen fibril bundles seen in CONNECTIVE TISSUE.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Loss of epithelial tissue from the surface of the cornea due to progressive erosion and necrosis of the tissue; usually caused by bacterial, fungal, or viral infection.

Glycoproteins which have a very high polysaccharide content.

Surgical procedures employed to correct REFRACTIVE ERRORS such as MYOPIA; HYPEROPIA; or ASTIGMATISM. These may involve altering the curvature of the CORNEA; removal or replacement of the CRYSTALLINE LENS; or modification of the SCLERA to change the axial length of the eye.

A versatile red dye used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, etc., and as tissue stain, vital stain, and counterstain with HEMATOXYLIN. It is also used in special culture media.

Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue.

A species of parasitic nematodes widely distributed throughout central Africa and also found in northern South America, southern Mexico, and Guatemala. Its intermediate host and vector is the blackfly or buffalo gnat.

Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.

Damage or trauma inflicted to the eye by external means. The concept includes both surface injuries and intraocular injuries.

Proteoglycans consisting of proteins linked to one or more CHONDROITIN SULFATE-containing oligosaccharide chains.

A superficial, epithelial Herpesvirus hominis infection of the cornea, characterized by the presence of small vesicles which may break down and coalesce to form dendritic ulcers (KERATITIS, DENDRITIC). (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d ed)

Nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, and leafy vegetables. The richest natural source is yeast. It occurs in the free form only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; its principal forms in tissues and cells are as FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE and FLAVIN-ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE.

A naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan found mostly in the skin and in connective tissue. It differs from CHONDROITIN SULFATE A (see CHONDROITIN SULFATES) by containing IDURONIC ACID in place of glucuronic acid, its epimer, at carbon atom 5. (from Merck, 12th ed)

Measurement of the index of refraction (the ratio of the velocity of light or other radiation in the first of two media to its velocity in the second as it passes from one into the other).

A light microscopic technique in which only a small spot is illuminated and observed at a time. An image is constructed through point-by-point scanning of the field in this manner. Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible.

The diffusion or accumulation of neutrophils in tissues or cells in response to a wide variety of substances released at the sites of inflammatory reactions.

The white, opaque, fibrous, outer tunic of the eyeball, covering it entirely excepting the segment covered anteriorly by the cornea. It is essentially avascular but contains apertures for vessels, lymphatics, and nerves. It receives the tendons of insertion of the extraocular muscles and at the corneoscleral junction contains the canal of Schlemm. (From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

The mucous membrane that covers the posterior surface of the eyelids and the anterior pericorneal surface of the eyeball.

An annular transitional zone, approximately 1 mm wide, between the cornea and the bulbar conjunctiva and sclera. It is highly vascular and is involved in the metabolism of the cornea. It is ophthalmologically significant in that it appears on the outer surface of the eyeball as a slight furrow, marking the line between the clear cornea and the sclera. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d ed)

Sterile solutions that are intended for instillation into the eye. It does not include solutions for cleaning eyeglasses or CONTACT LENS SOLUTIONS.

A meshwork-like substance found within the extracellular space and in association with the basement membrane of the cell surface. It promotes cellular proliferation and provides a supporting structure to which cells or cell lysates in culture dishes adhere.

The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching.

Heteropolysaccharides which contain an N-acetylated hexosamine in a characteristic repeating disaccharide unit. The repeating structure of each disaccharide involves alternate 1,4- and 1,3-linkages consisting of either N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetylgalactosamine.

A CXC chemokine with specificity for CXCR2 RECEPTORS. It has growth factor activities and is implicated as a oncogenic factor in several tumor types.

One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.

The scattering of x-rays by matter, especially crystals, with accompanying variation in intensity due to interference effects. Analysis of the crystal structure of materials is performed by passing x-rays through them and registering the diffraction image of the rays (CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, X-RAY). (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Infections in the inner or external eye caused by microorganisms belonging to several families of bacteria. Some of the more common genera found are Haemophilus, Neisseria, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Chlamydia.

A TGF-beta subtype that was originally identified as a GLIOBLASTOMA-derived factor which inhibits the antigen-dependent growth of both helper and CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTES. It is synthesized as a precursor molecule that is cleaved to form mature TGF-beta2 and TGF-beta2 latency-associated peptide. The association of the cleavage products results in the formation a latent protein which must be activated to bind its receptor.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

A ring of tissue extending from the scleral spur to the ora serrata of the RETINA. It consists of the uveal portion and the epithelial portion. The ciliary muscle is in the uveal portion and the ciliary processes are in the epithelial portion.

Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.

Macromolecular organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually, sulfur. These macromolecules (proteins) form an intricate meshwork in which cells are embedded to construct tissues. Variations in the relative types of macromolecules and their organization determine the type of extracellular matrix, each adapted to the functional requirements of the tissue. The two main classes of macromolecules that form the extracellular matrix are: glycosaminoglycans, usually linked to proteins (proteoglycans), and fibrous proteins (e.g., COLLAGEN; ELASTIN; FIBRONECTINS; and LAMININ).

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

The organ of sight constituting a pair of globular organs made up of a three-layered roughly spherical structure specialized for receiving and responding to light.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Fluids composed mainly of water found within the body.

Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.

Spherical, heterogeneous aggregates of proliferating, quiescent, and necrotic cells in culture that retain three-dimensional architecture and tissue-specific functions. The ability to form spheroids is a characteristic trait of CULTURED TUMOR CELLS derived from solid TUMORS. Cells from normal tissues can also form spheroids. They represent an in-vitro model for studies of the biology of both normal and malignant cells. (From Bjerkvig, Spheroid Culture in Cancer Research, 1992, p4)

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

A technique for maintenance or growth of animal organs in vitro. It refers to three-dimensional cultures of undisaggregated tissue retaining some or all of the histological features of the tissue in vivo. (Freshney, Culture of Animal Cells, 3d ed, p1)

A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.

Group of chemokines with paired cysteines separated by a different amino acid. CXC chemokines are chemoattractants for neutrophils but not monocytes.

A darkly stained mat-like EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX (ECM) that separates cell layers, such as EPITHELIUM from ENDOTHELIUM or a layer of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. The ECM layer that supports an overlying EPITHELIUM or ENDOTHELIUM is called basal lamina. Basement membrane (BM) can be formed by the fusion of either two adjacent basal laminae or a basal lamina with an adjacent reticular lamina of connective tissue. BM, composed mainly of TYPE IV COLLAGEN; glycoprotein LAMININ; and PROTEOGLYCAN, provides barriers as well as channels between interacting cell layers.

A transparent, biconvex structure of the EYE, enclosed in a capsule and situated behind the IRIS and in front of the vitreous humor (VITREOUS BODY). It is slightly overlapped at its margin by the ciliary processes. Adaptation by the CILIARY BODY is crucial for OCULAR ACCOMMODATION.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR), lymph vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, LYMPHATIC), and the serous cavities of the body.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Regulation of gelatinase B production in corneal cells is independent of autocrine IL-1alpha. (1/726)

PURPOSE: The matrix metalloproteinase gelatinase B is synthesized by cells at the leading edge of the corneal epithelium migrating to heal a wound. Recent data from the authors' laboratory suggest that excessive synthesis contributes to repair defects. The goal of the study reported here was to investigate mechanisms controlling gelatinase B production by corneal epithelial cells. METHODS: Freshly isolated cultures of corneal epithelial cells and early passage stromal fibroblasts from rabbit were used for these studies. RESULTS: In a previous study, it was found that the cytokine interleukin (IL)-1alpha is released into the culture medium of corneal epithelial cells more efficiently when they are plated at low density with limited cell-cell contact than when plated at high density. In this study, we show that production of gelatinase B by these cells is similarly affected by cell plating density. However, it is further demonstrated that these two events are not dependent on one another but occur in parallel: IL-1alpha does not regulate gelatinase B production (synthesis), nor was there evidence that any other secreted autocrine cytokine acts as mediator. Instead, our data suggest that gelatinase B production is downregulated directly by high cell density and indicate a connection to the level of protein kinase C activity. Nevertheless, the anticancer agent suramin, which blocks collagenase synthesis by interfering with autocrine cytokine-receptor interactions, still inhibits synthesis of gelatinase B. CONCLUSIONS: Unlike collagenase synthesis by corneal stromal fibroblasts, production (synthesis) of gelatinase B does not appear to be controlled by secreted autocrine cytokines but can still be inhibited by suramin. Suramin may make an effective therapeutic agent for controlling pathologic overproduction of gelatinase B in corneal ulcers. (+info)

Human corneal ablation threshold using the 193-nm ArF excimer laser. (2/726)

PURPOSE: To determine the human corneal threshold ablation energy density for the 193-nm ArF excimer laser, approximating clinical conditions. METHODS: The VISX Star (Santa Clara, CA) 193-nm argon fluoride excimer laser was used to ablate the cornea in human eye bank eyes under clinical conditions. Corneas were exposed to energy densities of 10, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 140 to 160 mJ/cm2. Corneas were fixed for light and transmission electron microscopy immediately after laser exposure. RESULTS: Different ablation thresholds for various corneal structural elements were observed. The ablation threshold for the collagen in the corneal stroma was determined to be 30 mJ/cm2. Keratocytes had ablation thresholds of 40 mJ/cm2. These different ablation thresholds accounted for the production of stromal peaks and valleys, with the keratocytes atop the peaks. CONCLUSIONS: Different corneal structural elements have different ablation threshold energy densities. (+info)

Differential inhibition of collagenase and interleukin-1alpha gene expression in cultured corneal fibroblasts by TGF-beta, dexamethasone, and retinoic acid. (3/726)

PURPOSE: Expression of the genes for collagenase and interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) are induced as stromal cells become activated to the repair fibroblast phenotype after injury to the cornea. This investigation examines the mechanisms whereby expression of these genes is inhibited by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), dexamethasone (DEX), or retinoic acid (RET A). METHODS: A model of freshly isolated cultures of corneal stromal cells and early passage cultures of corneal fibroblasts was used in these studies. This model reproduces the events of stromal cell activation in the corneal wound. RESULTS: In early passage cultures of corneal fibroblasts, expression of collagenase is under obligatory control by autocrine IL-1alpha. IL-1alpha controls its own expression through an autocrine feedback loop that is dependent on transcription factor NF-kappaB. TGF-beta, DEX, and RET A were each effective inhibitors of collagenase gene expression in these cells. Furthermore, these agents have the capacity to inhibit expression of IL-1alpha and this was correlated with their ability to affect DNA-binding activity of NF-kappaB. However, TGF-beta, DEX, and RET A were also effective inhibitors of the low level of collagenase expressed by freshly isolated corneal stromal cells that cannot express IL-1alpha. CONCLUSIONS: In cells with an active IL-1alpha autocrine loop there are at least two distinct signaling pathways by which collagenase gene expression can be modulated. The results of this study demonstrate that TGF-beta, DEX, and RET A differentially inhibit collagenase and IL-1alpha gene expression. This information will be useful in the design of therapeutic modalities for fibrotic disease in the cornea and other parts of the eye. (+info)

A new surgical technique for deep stromal, anterior lamellar keratoplasty. (4/726)

AIMS: To describe a new surgical technique for deep stromal anterior lamellar keratoplasty. METHODS: In eye bank eyes and sighted human eyes, aqueous was exchanged by air, to visualise the posterior corneal surface--that is, the "air to endothelium" interface. Through a 5.0 mm scleral incision, a deep stromal pocket was created across the cornea, using the air to endothelium interface as a reference plane for dissection depth. The pocket was filled with viscoelastic, and an anterior corneal lamella was excised. A full thickness donor button was sutured into the recipient bed after stripping its Descemet's membrane. RESULTS: In 25 consecutive human eye bank eyes, a 12% microperforation rate was found. Corneal dissection depth averaged 95.4% (SD 2.7%). Six patient eyes had uneventful surgeries; in a seventh eye, perforation of the lamellar bed occurred. All transplants cleared. Central pachymetry ranged from 0.62 to 0.73 mm. CONCLUSION: With this technique a deep stromal anterior lamellar keratoplasty can be performed with the donor to recipient interface just anterior to the posterior corneal surface. The technique has the advantage that the dissection can be completed in the event of inadvertent microperforation, or that the procedure can be aborted to perform a planned penetrating keratoplasty. (+info)

Proteoglycan synthesis by bovine keratocytes and corneal fibroblasts: maintenance of the keratocyte phenotype in culture. (5/726)

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of serum on morphology, growth, and proteoglycan synthesis by primary cultures of collagenase-isolated bovine keratocytes. METHODS: Keratocytes were isolated from bovine corneas using sequential collagenase digestion and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), with and without fetal bovine serum (FBS). Proteoglycans synthesized by the cells in culture and by keratocytes in intact cornea culture were metabolically radiolabeled with 35SO4. The proteoglycans were characterized by their sensitivity to keratanase, chondroitinase ABC, and heparatinase and by their size on Superose 6 HR. Cell number was determined by measuring DNA content of the culture dishes. RESULTS: Keratocytes cultured in 10% FBS proliferated, appeared fibroblastic, and synthesized only 9% of the total glycosaminoglycan as keratan sulfate (KS), whereas cells in serum-free media were quiescent, appeared dendritic, and synthesized 47% KS, a value similar to the 45% KS for corneas radiolabeled overnight in organ culture. This increased proportion of KS synthesis in serum-free media was caused by a moderate increase in KS synthesis combined with a substantial decrease in chondroitin sulfate (CS) synthesis. Fractionation on Superose 6 High Resolution showed the size and relative amounts of the CS- and KS-containing proteoglycans synthesized by keratocytes in serum-free media also more closely resembled that of keratocytes in corneas in organ culture than keratocytes in media containing serum. CONCLUSIONS: A comparison of proteoglycan synthesis and cell morphology between keratocytes in corneas in organ culture and in cell culture indicates that keratocytes maintain a more native biosynthetic phenotype and appearance when cultured in serum-free media. These results also suggest that culturing in the presence of serum fundamentally alters the keratocyte phenotype to an activated cell, mimicking certain changes observed during wound healing. (+info)

Failure to activate transcription factor NF-kappaB in corneal stromal cells (keratocytes). (6/726)

PURPOSE: Freshly isolated cultures of corneal stromal cells (keratocytes) are incompetent to synthesize the tissue remodeling proteinase, collagenase, in response to agents such as cytochalasin B (CB) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), which are strong stimulators of collagenase expression in subcultured fibroblasts of all types, including those from corneal stroma. Incompetence is due to failure to activate an autocrine interleukin (IL)1alpha feedback loop required to mediate cell response. The goal of the present study was to investigate the mechanism for this failure. METHODS: A cell culture model of freshly isolated corneal stromal cells and subcultured stromal fibroblasts from rabbits was used for these studies. RESULTS: Competence to synthesize collagenase in response to CB was acquired as a differentiation property by corneal stromal cells placed in culture, and did not require subculture. Competence acquisition correlated with transition to a fibroblastic spindle shape, assembly of actin stress fibers, and the acquired capacity to collapse in response to CB. It was demonstrated that competence could be more precisely defined as the capacity to express IL-1alpha in response to IL-1, making possible activation of the feedback loop. Investigation into the signaling pathway for IL-1alpha expression in response to IL-1 revealed a requirement for reactive oxygen species and activity of the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)kappaB. Importantly, freshly isolated stromal cells were found to be relatively incompetent to activate NF-kappaB in comparison to subcultured stromal fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS: Failure to activate NF-kappaB explains incompetence for expression of IL-1alpha in corneal stromal cells. Because NF-kappaB regulates many cell functions with potential to disturb corneal structure, including expression of inflammatory, stress, and degradative proteinase genes; protection against apoptosis; and cell replication; this seems likely to be an important mechanism protecting corneal stasis and preserving function. (+info)

Functional human corneal equivalents constructed from cell lines. (7/726)

Human corneal equivalents comprising the three main layers of the cornea (epithelium, stroma, and endothelium) were constructed. Each cellular layer was fabricated from immortalized human corneal cells that were screened for use on the basis of morphological, biochemical, and electrophysiological similarity to their natural counterparts. The resulting corneal equivalents mimicked human corneas in key physical and physiological functions, including morphology, biochemical marker expression, transparency, ion and fluid transport, and gene expression. Morphological and functional equivalents to human corneas that can be produced in vitro have immediate applications in toxicity and drug efficacy testing, and form the basis for future development of implantable tissues. (+info)

Distribution of ascorbate in the anterior bovine eye. (8/726)

PURPOSE: To analyze the ascorbate distribution in the anterior eye wall to better understand the functional significance of this compound in the eye. METHOD: Ascorbic acid was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography using an LC-10 system (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). Bovine eye samples were used. RESULTS: The highest ascorbate concentration was observed in the corneal epithelium, with significantly higher values in the central (1.56 mg/g) than in the peripheral (1.39 mg/g) area. The ascorbate content was similar in the corneal stroma (0.22 mg/g), the Descemet's membrane (DM)/endothelium (0.22 mg/g), and the aqueous humor (0.21 mg/ml). By comparison, the sclera (0.15 mg/g) and the conjunctiva (0.11 mg/g) showed lower values, as did the lacrimal gland (0.09 mg/g) and the serum (0.0008 mg/ml). CONCLUSIONS: (1) Peak ascorbate concentration was observed in the central corneal epithelium covering the pupillary area. This is compatible with the idea that the ascorbate may act as an UV filter shielding internal eye structures from radiation damage. (2) The ascorbate concentration in the corneal stroma and DM/endothelium was as high as in the aqueous humor, and it is suggested that the aqueous humor plays a key role in the distribution of ascorbate to the anterior eye wall. (+info)

The corneal stroma becomes severely disorganised; the lamellar arrangement of the fibrils becomes disrupted. Management of CHED ... Congenital hereditary corneal dystrophy (CHED) is a form of corneal endothelial dystrophy that presents at birth. CHED was ... Posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (for the condition previously referred to as CHED1) Corneal dystrophy Bowes Hamill, M ... The age that corneal transplantation is required is variable, however, it is usually necessary fairly early in life. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_hereditary_endothelial_dystrophy

Goodfellow, Julia (1975). Structural studies of the corneal stroma (PhD thesis). Open University. CS1 maint: discouraged ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julia_Goodfellow

Shimazaki, J; Harashima, A; Tanaka, Y (9 October 2009). "Corneal endotheliitis with cytomegalovirus infection of corneal stroma ... "Mapping owl's eye cells of patients with cytomegalovirus corneal endotheliitis using in vivo laser confocal microscopy". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owl's_eye_appearance

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.2006.00737.x. Sayers, Zehra (1982). "Synchrotron X-ray diffraction study of corneal stroma". Journal of ... Sayers, Zehra (1981). "Interpretation of the meridional X-ray diffraction pattern from collagen fibrils in corneal stroma". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zehra_Sayers

... corneal stroma or the dental pulp of deciduous (baby) teeth. The cells do not have the capacity to reconstitute an entire organ ... "Mesenchymal stem cells in the human corneal limbal stroma". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 53 (9): 5109-16. doi: ... "Isolation and characterization of human clonogenic osteoblast progenitors immunoselected from fetal bone marrow stroma using ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesenchymal_stem_cell

March-April 1995). "Refractive index of the human corneal epithelium and stroma". J Refract Surg. 11 (2): 100-105. doi:10.3928/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_refractive_indices

Neutrophils infiltrate the corneal stroma in a diffuse, multifocal pattern. Infiltration is confined to the surgical flap ... DLK can also occur following myopic keratomileusis, in which a disc of corneal tissue is removed, shaped and sutured back into ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_lamellar_keratitis

Quantock, A.J. and R.D. Young, Development of the corneal stroma, and the collagen-proteoglycan associations that help define ... Hamrah, P., et al., The corneal stroma is endowed with a significant number of resident dendritic cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis ... Keratocytes are flattened cells found dispersed within the corneal stroma. The primary role of this sparse population of cells ... Corneal nerves serve as a form of defense by detecting the presence of foreign bodies on the corneal surface. This leads to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocular_immune_system

These occur because descemet's membrane is less elastic than the corneal stroma. Tears are usually peripheral, concentric with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haab's_striae

"The corneal stroma is endowed with a significant number of resident dendritic cells." Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual ... Hamrah P, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Dana MR (February 2003). "The corneal stroma is endowed with a significant number of resident ... "Corneal immunity is mediated by heterogeneous population of antigen‐presenting cells." Journal of Leukocyte Biology 74, no. 2 ( ... "Novel characterization of MHC class II-negative population of resident corneal Langerhans cell-type dendritic cells." ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedram_Hamrah

"BMP7 gene transfer via gold nanoparticles into stroma inhibits corneal fibrosis in vivo". PLOS ONE. 8 (6): e66434. Bibcode: ... Corneal haze in rabbits have been healed in vivo by using polyethylemnimine-capped gold nanoparticles that were transfected ... with a gene that promotes wound healing and inhibits corneal fibrosis. Toxicity in certain systems can also be dependent on the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloidal_gold

... is corneal scarring due to chronic inflammation of the corneal stroma. Interstitial means space between cells i.e. corneal ... The corneal scarring is the end result of the initial invasion of blood vessels into the corneal stroma as part of the ... Since normal corneal tissue should be avascular (no blood vessel) and therefore clear to allow light to pass, the presence of ... Keratitis means corneal inflammation. Acutely, early symptoms include a painful, photophobic, red watery eye. This is due to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstitial_keratitis

"Acquisition of type IX collagen by the developing avian primary corneal stroma and vitreous". Dev. Biol. 128 (2): 396-405. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_IX,_alpha_1

AS is caused by leakage of lipoproteins from limbal capillaries into the corneal stroma. Deposits have been found to consist ... It is the most common peripheral corneal opacity, and is usually found in the elderly where it is considered a benign condition ... Limbus sign is caused by dystrophic calcification at the corneal limbus, and can be confused with AS in geriatric populations. ... Chambless LE, Fuchs FD, Linn S, Kritchevsky SB, Larosa JC, Segal P, Rifkind BM (October 1990). "The association of corneal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcus_senilis

The extracellular mesenchyme forms the sclera, the corneal endothelium and stroma, blood vessels, muscles, and vitreous. The ... Surface ectoderm produces the following parts: lens corneal epithelium skin of eyelid Neural crest cells are themselves derived ... Surface ectoderm forms the lens, corneal epithelium and eyelid. ... Bowman's membrane and stroma According to Liem et al., the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_development

When this happens, the blade inadvertently cuts into the collagenous corneal stroma and creates an irregularity. If this ... Less damage to corneal nerves, hence safer in dry eyes If cornea is abnormal for LASIK, epilasik may still be an option ... Chen WL.Bilateral complicated stromal dissections during mechanical epikeratome separation of the corneal epithelium.J Refract ... of cases is corneal stromal incursion during the microkeratome pass. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epi-LASIK

Their further investigation of this pre-Descemet stroma confirms that it is stroma, and not a new corneal layer...[D]espite ... Their further investigation of this pre-Descemet stroma confirms that it is stroma, and not a new corneal layer. "Scientists ... The images showed a thin layer of corneal collagen between the corneal stroma and Descemet's membrane. The findings were ... During surgery, tiny air bubbles are injected into the corneal stroma in what is known as the "big bubble technique". Sometimes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dua's_layer

The second step of the procedure uses an excimer laser (193 nm) to remodel the corneal stroma. The laser vaporizes the tissue ... Performing the laser ablation in the deeper corneal stroma provides for more rapid visual recovery and less pain than the ... Both the depth of the corneal incisions and the degree of central corneal flattening correlated with the laser energy applied. ... Those with Fuchs' corneal endothelial dystrophy, corneal epithelial basement membrane dystrophy, retinal tears, autoimmune ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LASIK

The healing corneal wounds consist of newly abutting corneal stroma, fibroblastic cells, and irregular fibrous connective ... Incisions that penetrate only the superficial corneal stroma are less effective than those reaching deep into the cornea, and ... Other sources cite surgeries leaving 20 to 50 micrometres of corneal tissue unincised (roughly equivalent to 90% of corneal ... Presbyopia Cataracts Corneal scars Corneal instability (thin/ectasia/trampoline effect) The PERK study demonstrated that people ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radial_keratotomy

... slowly progressive thinning of the peripheral corneal stroma. The cause of Terrien marginal degeneration is unknown, its ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrien's_marginal_degeneration

The corneal stroma consists of approximately 200 layers of mainly type I collagen fibrils. Each layer is 1.5-2.5 μm. Up to 90% ... Corneal pachymetry Corneal reflex Corneal tattooing Corneal topography Eye disease Keratometry List of keratins expressed in ... If the corneal stroma develops visually significant opacity, irregularity, or edema, a cornea of a deceased donor can be ... Corneal stroma (also substantia propria): a thick, transparent middle layer, consisting of regularly arranged collagen fibers ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornea

Daxer A, Fratzl P (1997). "Collagen fibril orientation in the human corneal stroma and its implications in keratoconus". Invest ... The corneal transplant surgeon trephines a lenticule of corneal tissue and then grafts the donor cornea to the existing eye ... In the US, corneal transplants (also known as corneal grafts) for keratoconus are usually performed under sedation as ... Complications of corneal transplants are mostly related to vascularization of the corneal tissue and rejection of the donor ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratoconus

Daxer A, Misof K, Grabner B, Ettl A, Fratzl P. "Collagen fibrils in the human corneal stroma: structure and aging." Invest ... Daxer A, Fratzl P. "Collagen fibril orientation in the human corneal stroma and its implication in keratoconus." Invest ... "Structural transformation of collagen fibrils in corneal stroma during drying. An x-ray scattering study." Biophys J. 1993 Apr; ... Facts About The Cornea and Corneal Disease National Eye Institute (NEI). *Keratoconus (Irregular Astigmatism), Patient Support ...

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/角膜

These cells lead to formation of most of the anterior segment structures of the eye (corneal stroma & endothelium, iris stroma ... refers to a spectrum of diseases characterized by malformations of the irido-corneal angle of the anterior chamber of the eye. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iridogoniodysgenesis,_dominant_type

In the corneal stroma, keratocytes within the wounded area undergo apoptosis, leaving the stroma devoid of cells that must be ... For example, when corneal integrity is compromised, epithelial cells quickly cover the damaged area by proliferation and ... "Role of Thrombospondin-1 in Repair of Penetrating Corneal Wounds". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 54 (9): 6262- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptotaxis

Arc-scanning very high-frequency ultrasound for 3-D pachymetric mapping of the corneal epithelium and stroma in laser in situ ... 3-D scans of the cornea that allowed measurement and mapping of corneal thickness as well as the thickness of the stroma and ... Corneal pachymetric topography. Ophthalmology 101:432-438, 1994. Reinstein DZ, Silverman RH, Raevsky T, Simoni GJ, Lloyd HO, ... This system allowed demonstration of the importance of arc-scanning for corneal analysis and led to the subsequent development ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Silverman

According to one study, ITGA11 expression is increased in the anterior stroma of corneal buttons excised from the eyes affected ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrin_alpha_11

The response may result in the destruction of the corneal stroma, resulting in loss of vision due to opacification of the ... may occur in the underlying stroma of iris. Sensation loss occurs in lesional areas, producing generalised corneal anaesthesia ... Corneal involvement is rarely seen in primary infection. Recurrent herpes of the eye is caused by reactivation of the virus in ... Longstanding corneal edema leads to permanent scarring and is the major cause of decreased vision associated with HSV. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpes_simplex_keratitis

Daxer, A; Misof, K; Grabner, B; Ettl, A; Fratzl, P (1998). "Collagen fibrils in the human corneal stroma: Structure and aging ... Daxer, A; Fratzl, P (1997). "Collagen fibril orientation in the human corneal stroma and its implication in keratoconus". ... "Structural transformation of collagen fibrils in corneal stroma during drying. An x-ray scattering study". Biophysical Journal ...

https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kornea

The flap is lifted like a hinged door, targeted tissue is removed from the corneal stroma, again with the microkeratome, and ... Customized Transepithelial No-touch (C-TEN) is an innovative strategy for corneal surgery that avoids any corneal manipulation ... is a procedure that also changes the shape of the cornea using an excimer laser to ablate the tissue from the corneal stroma, ... A femtosecond laser cuts a lenticule within the corneal stroma. Afterwards, a LASIK-like flap is cut which can be lifted to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_surgery

These infectious agents produce proteases and collagenases which break down the corneal stroma. Complete loss of the stroma can ... Refractory corneal ulcersEdit. Main article: Recurrent corneal erosion. Refractory corneal ulcers are superficial ulcers that ... which is taken up by exposed corneal stroma and appears green, helps in defining the margins of the corneal ulcer, and can ... Melting ulcers are a type of corneal ulcer involving progressive loss of stroma in a dissolving fashion. This is most commonly ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corneal_ulcer

The hallmark of Schnyder corneal dystrophy is the accumulation of crystals within the corneal stroma which cause corneal ... Corneal stromal dystrophies - Macular corneal dystrophy is manifested by a progressive dense cloudiness of the entire corneal ... In the past, the designation vortex corneal dystrophy (corneal verticillata) was applied to a corneal disorder characterized by ... Posterior corneal dystrophies - Fuchs corneal dystrophy presents during the fifth or sixth decade of life. The characteristic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hereditary_corneal_dystrophies

It is used for localizing and identifying the presence of filamentary fungal elements in the corneal stroma in cases of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confocal_microscope

In the late 1970s, intraocular lens implantation was often followed by severe corneal edema, due to endothelial cell damage ... "Prostate cancer increases hyaluronan in surrounding nonmalignant stroma, and this response is associated with tumor growth and ... corneal transplantation, cataract surgery, glaucoma surgery, and surgery to repair retinal detachment). Other biomedical ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyaluronic_acid

... a small amount of tissue from the corneal stroma at the front of the eye, just under the corneal epithelium. The outer layer of ... "CORNEAL REFRACTIVE SURGERY (ICD9 V802A/V802B)" (PDF). January 2006. Retrieved August 16, 2013.. Archive index at the Wayback ... Granular corneal dystrophy type II. Possible complications[edit]. Some complications that can be temporary or permanent include ... The amount of corneal hazing after surgery is also decreased with brush technique.[11] The platelet activating factor LAU-0901 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photorefractive_keratectomy

Neurotrophic: corneal nerve damage causes persistent epithelial defect, thinning and even perforation. Cornea becomes ... Mucous plaques: linear grey elevations loosely adherent to the underlying diseased epithelium/stroma. Chronic. Onset between 3 ... Disciform Keratitis (Disciform Endotheliitis): a disc of corneal oedema, folds in Descemet's membrane, mild inflammation ... Uncommon Necrotising interstitial keratitis: Characterised by stromal infiltrates, corneal thinning and possibly perforation. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpes_zoster_ophthalmicus

Terletak di antara epitelium dan stroma di kornea. Lapisan ini terdiri dari serat kolagen kuat dan membantu kornea ... "A comparative study of Bowman's layer in some mammals: Relationships with other constituent corneal structures." European ...

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membran_Bowman

Mar-Apr 1995) "Refractive index of the human corneal epithelium and stroma". J Refract Surg. 11 (2): 100-105. ...

https://hr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indeks_loma

During development of the embryo, the corneal stroma is derived from the neural crest (a source of mesenchyme in the head and ... At its centre, human corneal stroma is composed of about 200 flattened lamellæ (layers of collagen fibrils), superimposed one ... "Mesenchymal stem cells in the human corneal limbal stroma". Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 53 (9): 5109-16. doi:10.1167/iovs.11- ... Macular corneal dystrophy, associated with the loss of keratan sulfate. References[edit]. *^ Oyster, CW (1999). "8". The human ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroma_of_cornea

... and inserts two crescent or semi-circular shaped ring segments between the layers of the corneal stroma, one on each side of ... Corneal collagen cross-linking[edit]. Corneal collagen cross-linking may delay or eliminate the need for corneal ... Corneal transplantation, also known as corneal grafting, is a surgical procedure where a damaged or diseased cornea is replaced ... Intrastromal corneal ring segments[edit]. In corneal disorders where vision correction is not possible by using contact lenses ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratoplasty

March-April 1995). "Refractive index of the human corneal epithelium and stroma". J Refract Surg. 11 (2): 100-105. PMID 7634138 ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_refractive_indices

... throughout the middle and anterior stroma. During an eye examination, the doctor sees these deposits in the stroma as clear, ... Corneal abrasions are also a common and recurrent feature in people who suffer specific types of corneal dystrophy, such as ... Fowler, Grant C. (2011), "Corneal Abrasions and Removal of Corneal or Conjunctival Foreign Bodies", Pfenninger and Fowler's ... Ahmed, Faheem; House, Robert James; Feldman, Brad Hal (1 September 2015). "Corneal Abrasions and Corneal Foreign Bodies". ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corneal_abrasion

corneal stroma. *Descemet' membraan. *corneal endothelium.. 2012. aastal avastasid Inglise Nottinghami ülikooli teadlased, et ... Harminder S. Dua, Lana A. Faraj, Dalia G. Said, Trevor Gray, James Lowe, Human Corneal Anatomy Redefined: A Novel Pre- ... W M Bourne, Biology of the corneal endothelium in health and disease, Eye (2003) 17, 912-918. doi:10.1038/sj.eye.6700559, ...

https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarvkest

These infectious agents produce proteases and collagenases which break down the corneal stroma. Complete loss of the stroma can ... The epithelium sticks to the basement membrane, which also separates the epithelium from the stroma. The corneal stroma ... Posterior to the stroma is Descemet's membrane, which is a basement membrane for the corneal endothelium. The endothelium is a ... Superficial and deep corneal ulcers[edit]. Corneal ulcers are one of the most common eye diseases in dogs. They are caused by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corneal_ulcers_in_animals

... loss of hydration within the corneal stroma is believed to be the cause of corneal haze, thus supporting the long-held ... and affect the motility of corneal endothelial cells.[17] In summary, KS plays an anti-adhesive role, which suggests very ... In disease states such as macular corneal dystrophy, in which GAGs levels such as KS are altered, ... hypothesis that corneal transparency is a dependent on proper levels of keratan sulfate. Keratan sulfate GAGs are found in many ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycosaminoglycan

corneal epitheliuma. Bowman's membranea. corneal stroma. Descemet's membranea. corneal endotheliuma. Artikulazioa. Esklerotika ...

https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kornea

There may be an increase in the number of mucopolysaccharides in the corneal stroma. The Bowman's layer of the cornea may be ... Corneal collagen cross-linking[edit]. Main article: Corneal collagen cross-linking. There is evidence suggesting corneal ... The gold standard diagnostic test for PMD is corneal topography.[2] However, it may not as specific as corneal pachymetry, ... PMD lacks apical corneal scarring, Rizutti's phenomenon, Munson's sign, and the central corneal thickness is usually normal.[2] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pellucid_marginal_degeneration

... is a rare disorder obtained during development characterized by adhesions due to malformations of the posterior corneal stroma ... the absence of Descemet's membrane and the corneal endothelium, and corneal opacities. This syndrome can be attributed to fetal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOXE3

... a small amount of tissue from the corneal stroma at the front of the eye, just under the corneal epithelium. The outer layer of ... "CORNEAL REFRACTIVE SURGERY (ICD9 V802A/V802B)" (PDF). January 2006. Retrieved August 16, 2013.. Archive index at the Wayback ... The amount of corneal hazing after surgery is also decreased with brush technique.[12] The platelet activating factor LAU-0901 ... With PRK, the corneal epithelium is removed and discarded, allowing the cells to regenerate after the surgery. The procedure is ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photorefractive_keratectomy

The corneal endothelial cells normally do not undergo mitotic cell division, and cell loss results in permanent loss of ... When endothelial cell counts drop too low, the pump starts failing to function and fluid moves anterior into the stroma and ... "Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty versus Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty for corneal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullous_keratopathy

Nodule formation can also occur when the abnormal corneal endothelium causes contractions around the iris stroma [1]. ... of the corneal endothelium, corneal edema, increased intraocular pressure, peripheral anterior synechiae, and iris changes [1,2 ... Facts About the Cornea and Corneal Disease The National Eye Institute (NEI).. ... of diseases characterized by slowly progressive abnormalities of the corneal endothelium and features including corneal edema, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iridocorneal_endothelial_syndrome

The second was using Nomarski optics to study how corneal fibroblasts migrated through the stroma in vivo and in collagen gels ... They cultured corneal epithelium in all types of ECM and were able to show that the ECM can induce cell differentiation and ... They used avian corneal epithelium rather than salamander epidermis in order to provide more examples of epithelium secreting ... The first was on corneal endothelium morphogenesis and they, with Sam Meller, showed that the key constraint on migration was ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Hay

The corneal epithelial layer is generally removed to increase penetration of the riboflavin into the stroma, a procedure known ... Corneal cross-linking with riboflavin (vitamin B2) and UV-A light is a surgical treatment for corneal ectasia such as ... "Corneal collagen crosslinking: A clinical update". Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking on National Keratoconus Foundation website. ... In this group, the most common side effects are haziness of the cornea, punctate keratitis, corneal striae, corneal epithelium ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corneal_cross-linking

... appears at first glance to be poor for ocular health since heparanase release from invading lymphocytes in the corneal stroma ... Also down regulated are tear lipocalin-1 and cystatin S. Fungal keratitis accounts for half of all corneal ulcers in Africa and ... Whitcher JP, Srinivasan M (Aug 1997). "Corneal ulceration in the developing world--a silent epidemic". Br J Ophthalmol. 81 (8 ... Lacritin also promotes tear secretion, the proliferation and survival of epithelial cells, and corneal wound healing Lacritin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacritin

... and at 10 years follow-up there was still no evidence of the inclusions in the stroma. Klintworth GK (2009). "Corneal ... Fleck corneal dystrophy, also known as Francois-Neetens speckled corneal dystrophy, is a rare form of corneal dystrophy. It is ... Small opacities, some of which resemble "flecks", are scattered in the stroma of the patients. Other opacities look more like ... In a single case report, a corneal transplantation was performed for concurrent keratoconus, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fleck_corneal_dystrophy

... stretch reflex striae gravidarum stria medullaris thalami stria terminalis striate cortex striate nucleus striatum stroma ... contralateral conus elasticus conus medullaris Coracobrachialis muscle coracoid coracoid process cordotomy cornea corneal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_anatomy_articles

Please refresh your browser and try again. If this error persists, please contact [email protected] for assistance. ...

https://www.healio.com/topics/corneal-stroma

High and low angle X-ray diffraction patterns from the corneal stroma give information about the mean intermolecular spacing of ... Ageing of the human corneal stroma: structural and biochemical changes Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Mar 20;1138(3):222-8. doi: ... High and low angle X-ray diffraction patterns from the corneal stroma give information about the mean intermolecular spacing of ... Between birth and 90 years there is an increase in the cross-sectional area associated with each molecule in corneal collagen ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1547284/?dopt=Abstract

Home Clinical Education Cornea Cellular Therapy of the Corneal Stroma for Advanced Keratoconus ... Cataract Surgery in Patients with Corneal Pathology Brandon D. Ayres, MD, Marjan Farid, MD, Elizabeth Yeu, MD, Clara Chan, MD 1 ... Depth-Dependent Analysis of Corneal Cross-Linking Performed over or Under the Flap By Brillouin Microscopy ...

https://ascrs.org/clinical-education/cornea/2019-pod-sym-104-10-alio-cellular-therapy-of-the-corneal-stroma-for-advanced-keratoconus

Defects in the corneal stroma caused by trauma or diseases such as macular corneal dystrophy and keratoconus can be detrimental ... Bioactive self-assembled peptide nanofibers for corneal stroma regeneration. By G. Uzunalli, Z. Soran, T.S. Erkal, Y.S. Dagdas ... Home / KnowledgeBase Articles / Bioactive self-assembled peptide nanofibers for corneal stroma regeneration ... Human corneal keratocyte cells cultured on laminin-mimetic peptide nanofibers retained their characteristic morphology, and ...

https://jascoinc.com/knowledgebase/bioactive-self-assembled-peptide-nanofibers-for-corneal-stroma-regeneration/

Development of the corneal stroma, and the collagen-proteoglycan associations that help define its structure and function. ... Bin Kong, Shengli Mi, Electrospun Scaffolds for Corneal Tissue Engineering: A Review, Materials, 2016, 9, 8, 614. CrossRef ... Shikha Chawla, Sourabh Ghosh, Establishment of in vitro model of corneal scar pathophysiology, Journal of Cellular Physiology, ... Sunil K. Parapuram, William Hodge, The integrin needle in the stromal haystack: emerging role in corneal physiology and ...

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dvdy.21579/abstract

Surface ablation of corneal stroma with few-cycle laser pulses at 800 nm L. Hoffart, P. Lassonde, F. Légaré, F. Vidal, N. ... Wavelength dependence of femtosecond laser ablation threshold of corneal stroma G. Olivié, D. Giguère, F. Vidal, T. Ozaki, J.-C ... D. W. Leonard and K.M. Meek, "Refractive indices of the collagen fibrils and extrafibrillar material of the corneal stroma," ... D. W. Leonard and K.M. Meek, "Refractive indices of the collagen fibrils and extrafibrillar material of the corneal stroma," ...

https://www.osapublishing.org/vjbo/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-16-6-4121

Exogenous TGFβ3 promotes mouse corneal stroma development Lingling Zhang; Lung-Kun Yeh; Yujin Zhang; Yuka Okada; Yen-Chiao Wang ... Exogenous TGFβ3 promotes mouse corneal stroma development You will receive an email whenever this article is corrected, updated ... Methods : Primary corneal stroma fibroblasts were treated with BMP4, TGFβ3 or PBS (control) and related gene expressions were ... TEM revealed that TGFβ3 promotes mouse corneal stroma maturation by increasing stromal cell density and cell activates (more ER ...

http://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2639122

Due to its limitations, a concerted effort has been made by tissue engineers to produce functional, synthetic corneal ... Corneal transplantation constitutes one of the leading treatments for severe cases of loss of corneal function. ... corneal structures that resembled the structure of the native human corneal stroma using an existing 3D digital human corneal ... 3D bioprinting of a corneal stroma equivalent Exp Eye Res. 2018 Aug;173:188-193. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.05.010. Epub 2018 May ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29772228/

Collagen type I and type V are present in the same fibril in the avian corneal stroma.. D E Birk, J M Fitch, J P Babiarz, T F ... Collagen type I and type V are present in the same fibril in the avian corneal stroma. ...

http://jcb.rupress.org/content/106/3/999/tab-article-info

Its primary structural and mechanical element is the corneal stroma, comprising over 90% of corneal thickness. The stroma ... Meek KM Boote C. The organization of collagen in the corneal stroma. Exp Eye Res . 2004; 78: 503-512. [CrossRef] [PubMed] ... A large body of research has been devoted to exploring the structure and biomechanics of the corneal stroma. 1,4-11 However, ... Development of the corneal stroma, and the collagen-proteoglycan associations that help define its structure and function. Dev ...

https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2127457

... images of the human corneal stroma is presented. The corneal OCT data is first processed using a state-of-the-art despeckling ... Cell density distribution analysis was carried in 3D UHR-OCT images of the human corneal stroma, acquired in-vivo. The cell ... Automated detection and cell density assessment of keratocytes in the human corneal stroma from ultrahigh resolution optical ... Automated detection and cell density assessment of keratocytes in the human corneal stroma from ultrahigh resolution optical ...

https://uwaterloo.ca/vision-image-processing-lab/publications/automated-detection-and-cell-density-assessment-keratocytes

The Kinetics of Chemically Induced Nonequilibrium Swelling of Articular Cartilage and Corneal Stroma S. R. Eisenberg and A. J. ... The Kinetics of Chemically Induced Nonequilibrium Swelling of Articular Cartilage and Corneal Stroma. ASME. J Biomech Eng. 1987 ... Return to: The Kinetics of Chemically Induced Nonequilibrium Swelling of Articular Cartilage and Corneal Stroma ... To Understand Myopic Alleviation by Conducting Finite Element Structural Analysis of a Cornea With an Intrastromal Corneal Ring ...

http://biomechanical.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleid=1397498

The primary objective of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of acellular porcine corneal stroma (APCS) ... Corneal stroma substitutes. The APCS graft used in the current study was prepared by AiNear Corneal Engineering Corporation ( ... Lamellar keratoplasty treatment of fungal corneal ulcers with acellular porcine corneal stroma. Am J Transplant. 2015;15:1068- ... Zheng J, Huang X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Qin Q, Lin L, Jin X, Lam C, Zhang J. Short-term results of acellular porcine corneal stroma ...

https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12967-019-02192-z

a href= title=, ,abbr title=, ,acronym title=, ,b, ,blockquote cite=, ,cite, ,code, ,del datetime=, ,em, ,i, ,q cite=, ,s, ,strike, ,strong ...

http://www.amic.com.ph/?attachment_id=29

Dry Eye Zone: Corneal Stroma ► eMedicine: Descemet Membrane Folds Medical Textbooks for Health Professionals and Consumers ... National Eye Institute /US/: Facts About The Cornea and Corneal Disease / The Cornea and Corneal Disease ... Corneal Stroma. 2 Anatomy - Sense Organs / Eyes / 2 Anterior Eye Segment / 2 Cornea / ► Corneal Stroma ...

http://wmed.narod.ru/w_ophth/anatomy/an_06.htm

Hanlon, S. D., Behzad, A. R., Sakai, L. Y., & Burns, A. R. (2015). Corneal stroma microfibrils. Experimental Eye Research, 132 ... Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Corneal stroma microfibrils. Together they form a unique fingerprint. * ... Corneal stroma microfibrils. / Hanlon, Samuel D.; Behzad, Ali R.; Sakai, Lynn Y.; Burns, Alan R. ... Hanlon, Samuel D. ; Behzad, Ali R. ; Sakai, Lynn Y. ; Burns, Alan R. / Corneal stroma microfibrils. In: Experimental Eye ...

https://ohsu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/corneal-stroma-microfibrils

Szentmáry, N., Nagy, Z. Z., Resch, M., Szende, B., & Süveges, I. (2005). Proliferation and apoptosis in the corneal stroma in ... Szentmáry, N, Nagy, ZZ, Resch, M, Szende, B & Süveges, I 2005, Proliferation and apoptosis in the corneal stroma in longterm ... Proliferation and apoptosis in the corneal stroma in longterm follow-up after photorefractive keratectomy. Pathology Research ... Proliferation and apoptosis in the corneal stroma in longterm follow-up after photorefractive keratectomy. In: Pathology ...

https://hungary.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/proliferation-and-apoptosis-in-the-corneal-stroma-in-longterm-fol

These corneal qualities have also allowed for high-resolution in vivo imaging of non-ocular tissue transplanted into the ... Confocal Imaging of Myeloid Cells in the Corneal Stroma of Live Mice Edited by. Jia Li ... How to cite: Chan, M. F. and Werb, Z. (2015). Confocal Imaging of Myeloid Cells in the Corneal Stroma of Live Mice. Bio- ... Chan, M. F. and Werb, Z. (2015). Confocal Imaging of Myeloid Cells in the Corneal Stroma of Live Mice. Bio-protocol 5(13): ...

https://en.bio-protocol.org/e1517

Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio). Keratocytes of the corneal stroma secrete a specialized extracellular matrix essential for vision. ... Keratocytes of the corneal stroma secrete a specialized extracellular matrix essential for vision. These quiescent cells ... These results demonstrate the presence of a population of cells in the human corneal stroma expressing stem cell markers and ... These cells may be a resource for bioengineering of corneal stroma and for cell-based therapeutics. ...

https://www.mendeley.com/research-papers/multipotent-stem-cells-human-corneal-stroma/

Cellular delivery into the corneal stroma has been experimentally assayed in vivo in multiple ways: systemic versus local ... improve corneal transparency in metabolic diseases by enhancing the catabolism of the accumulated molecules, generate new ... Cellular therapy of the corneal stroma, with either ocular or extraocular stem cells, has been gaining a lot of interest over ... from different research groups are showing its potential benefits in relation to its capacity to improve or alleviate corneal ...

https://eandv.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40662-018-0122-1

Tissue engineering of the cornea: orthogonal scaffold of magnetically aligned collagen lamellae for corneal stroma ... orthogonal scaffold of magnetically aligned collagen lamellae for corneal stroma reconstruction ...

http://igfl.ens-lyon.fr/publications-avant-igfl/ruggiero/RN896

... The PG area in both the 2hr and the 48hr hydrated cornea was reduced in the anterior stroma, whereas it was increased in middle ... To investigate the alterations of CFs and PGs in the swollen cornea, with special reference to the anterior stroma by using ... The remaining three scleral normal corneal rings were used as a control.The corneas were processed for electron microscopy (EM ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/mdl-30019745

Age, refractive index of corneal stroma help improve LASIK predicted outcomes. by Healio ophthalmology • 2013/03/26. • 0 ... Factoring patient age and refractive index of the corneal stroma into the treatment profile improved the predictability of ...

http://www.linkoph.com/2013/03/26/age-refractive-index-of-corneal-stroma-help-improve-lasik-predicted-outcomes/

Corneal stroma is a very complex structure, composed of 200 lamellae of oriented collagen fibers. This highly complex nature of ... In this study, behavior of human corneal keratocytes on collagen films patterned with parallel channels was investigated. ...

https://avesis.metu.edu.tr/yayin/16598e41-f561-4b82-98a4-bc335e999c8e/contact-guidance-enhances-the-quality-of-a-tissue-engineered-corneal-stroma

Anterior Chamber Associated Immune Deviation ACAID Corneal Immune Privilege Corneal Antiangiogenic Privilege ... pupillary retinal detachment retinopathy retinoschisis risk Schlemms canal Schl tzer-Schrehardt secondary stem cells stroma ... cataract extraction cataract surgery choroidal ciliary body ciliary muscle Clin Exp Ophthalmol clinical conjunctival corneal ...

https://books.google.com/books?id=ZXPEVwLUfp8C&hl=en

Purpose: Collagen fibrils in the corneal stroma in macular corneal dystrophy, on average, are more closely spaced than in the ... Structural Collagen Alterations in Macular Corneal Dystrophy Occur Mainly in the Posterior Stroma. Current Eye Research 35 (7 ... Structural Collagen Alterations in Macular Corneal Dystrophy Occur Mainly in the Posterior Stroma ... This study was conducted to investigate if this occurs uniformly across the stroma or is more prevalent at certain stromal ...

http://orca.cf.ac.uk/22430/

These corneal qualities have also allowed for high-resolution in vivo imaging of non-ocular tissue transplanted into the ... Confocal Imaging of Myeloid Cells in the Corneal Stroma of Live Mice Matilda F. Chan Zena Werb ... How to cite: Chan, M. F. and Werb, Z. (2015). Confocal Imaging of Myeloid Cells in the Corneal Stroma of Live Mice. Bio- ... Chan, M. F. and Werb, Z. (2015). Confocal Imaging of Myeloid Cells in the Corneal Stroma of Live Mice. Bio-protocol 5(13): ...

https://bio-protocol.org/e1517

"Glycosaminoglycan and collagen fibrillar interactions in the mouse corneal stroma",. abstract = "When sections of mouse corneal ... フィンガープリント「Glycosaminoglycan and collagen fibrillar interactions in the mouse corneal stroma」の研究トピックを掘り下げます。これらがまとまってユニークなフィンガー ... Glycosaminoglycan and collagen fibrillar interactions in the mouse corneal stroma. In: Matrix Biology. 1994 ; Vol. 14, No. 4. ... Glycosaminoglycan and collagen fibrillar interactions in the mouse corneal

https://pure.fujita-hu.ac.jp/ja/publications/glycosaminoglycan-and-collagen-fibrillar-interactions-in-the-mous

Factors Affecting Corneal Strip Stroma-to-Stroma Adhesion Edward P Perez, MD, PhD; Blanca Viramontes, MD; Paulo Schor, MD; ... Corneal Aberrations and Visual Performance After Radial Keratotomy Raymond A Applegate, OD, PhD; Howard C Howland, PhD; Richard ... A Quantitative Corneal Topography Index for Detection of Keratoconus Mohammad H Dastjerdi, MD; Hassan Hashemi, MD ... Refractive versus Corneal Changes After Photorefracive Keratectomy for Astigmatism Noel A Alpins, FRACO, FRCOphth, FACS; ...

https://www.healio.com/ophthalmology/journals/jrs/1998-7-14-4

V. Corneal Stroma. VI. Sclera. References. Author Index. Subject Index. Details. No. of pages:. 318 Language:. English ...

https://www.elsevier.com/books/international-review-of-connective-tissue-research/hall/978-0-12-363705-5

The rabbit 's corneal epithelium and stromal cells were cultured and seeded on, APCS in vitro .The observation of phase contrast photograph and histological examination were performed. (bvsalud.org)
These results indicate that APCS can support the growth and proliferation of the corneal epithelium and stromal cells in vitro . (bvsalud.org)
We found that production of macrophage-inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, KC, and MIP-1α was localized to the corneal stroma, rather than to the epithelium, which was consistent with the location of neutrophils in the cornea. (jimmunol.org)
Epithelial progenitor cells reside in niches at the anterior corneal limbus and ensure a continuous regeneration of the epithelium. (mdpi.com)
The number of Langerhans cells was greatly increased in the basal cell layer of the focal corneal epithelium and in Bowman's layer in the four eyes affected by TSPK. (molvis.org)
The images revealed highly refractive microdots and refractive bodies immediately below the corneal epithelium, in Bowman's layer, and in the anterior stroma. (molvis.org)
Examination of Kynurenine Toxicity on Corneal and Conjunctival Epithelium: In vitro and in vivo Studies. (bioportfolio.com)
The metabolic activity of cells was slightly decreased by KYN in the corneal but not in the conjunctival epithelium. (bioportfolio.com)
At the tested concentrations, KYN was not toxic for the corneal and the conjunctival epithelium in vitro and did not affect corneal re-epithelization in rabbits in vivo. (bioportfolio.com)
To evaluate the effect of diquafosol on corneal epithelium in a dry eye model using Transwell culture and a scopolamine-induced dry eye rat model. (bioportfolio.com)
To compare toll-like receptors 2 (TLR2) and 4 (TLR4) expression in cells of corneal and conjunctival epithelium between unilateral KC patients and control subjects. (bioportfolio.com)
To investigate the effect of tacrolimus ointment on corneal epithelium. (bioportfolio.com)
The study " Autologous cultured corneal epithelium (CECA) for the treatment of unilateral corneal lesions associated with limbal stem cell deficiency" is the first clinical trial of this p. (bioportfolio.com)
The epithelium sticks to the basement membrane , which also separates the epithelium from the stroma . (wikipedia.org)
Taken together, epithelium-expressed SEMA3C plays a role in corneal epithelial wound closure and sensory nerve regeneration. (diabetesjournals.org)
Because the most severe reduction in nerve fiber and branch density occurs in the subbasal nerve plexus close to the corneal epithelium ( 16 ), the role of epithelia in the pathogenesis of DPN and diabetic neurotrophic keratopathy has been suggested ( 5 ), but the molecules involved have not been fully evaluated. (diabetesjournals.org)
The cornea comprises of three distinct layers: the epithelium, the stroma and the endothelium. (biomedcentral.com)
The remaining corneal epithelium was opaque, leathery and oedematous (Fig 1). (bmj.com)
On the first day after presentation there was complete loss of the corneal epithelium in the right eye. (bmj.com)
a chronic, superficial corneal ulceration in dogs, particularly common in Boxers, that extends into the superficial stroma, often undermining epithelium at the edges. (thefreedictionary.com)
In LASIK a flap of corneal epithelium is cut and lifted to allow the underlying stroma to be shaped by the laser. (eurekalert.org)
In PRK the corneal epithelium is mechanically removed to allow laser shaping of the stroma. (eurekalert.org)
Pax6 fl/fl mice resulted in weak and/or patchy Pax6 immunostaining in the corneal epithelium but caused no corneal abnormalities. (springer.com)
Pax6 fl/ + mice with tamoxifen to try to deplete Pax6 in limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs) which replenish the corneal epithelium. (springer.com)
The mouse cornea comprises an outer epithelium of 5-6 cell layers, a thick stroma and an inner endothelium. (springer.com)
The corneal epithelium is maintained by limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs), in the ring-shaped limbus, which is a transition zone between the corneal epithelium and the conjunctiva. (springer.com)
The adult Pax6 + / − corneal epithelium is thin and fragile, cell turnover is elevated, centripetal movement is disrupted and goblet cells accumulate. (springer.com)
Underlying the corneal epithelium is a specialized region of collagen tissue. (nap.edu)
The corneal epithelium is derived from a specific group of stem cells, encircling the cornea, that multiply and ultimately form mature corneal cells. (nap.edu)
The cornea is composed of a multilayered epithelium, Bowman's membrane, stroma, Descemet's membrane, and endothelium ( Figure 1 ). (mdpi.com)
Anterior view of a human cornea and a diagram of the corneal epithelium, stroma and endothelium. (mdpi.com)

Functional impairment of the human corneal endothelium can lead to corneal blindness. (mdpi.com)
2017. Immune cells on the corneal endothelium of an allogeneic corneal transplantation rabbit model . (cardiff.ac.uk)
Posterior to the stroma is Descemet's membrane , which is a basement membrane for the corneal endothelium . (wikipedia.org)
Histological data revealed that the conditional AP-2β NCC knockout (KO) mutants exhibited dysgenesis of multiple structures in the anterior segment of the eye including defects in the corneal endothelium, corneal stroma, ciliary body and disruption in the iridocorneal angle with adherence of the iris to the cornea. (biologists.org)
The cornea must remain transparent to refract light properly and the corneal endothelium ensures the integrity and transparency of the cornea. (hindawi.com)
Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) allows selective replacement of the diseased corneal endothelium. (mdpi.com)
This review presents current knowledge on the tissue engineering of corneal endothelium using cultured HCECs. (mdpi.com)
Transparency of the cornea is maintained by regulation of stromal hydration through the barrier and pump functions of the corneal endothelium. (mdpi.com)
When primarily damaged, it is reasonable to replace only the corneal endothelium. (mdpi.com)
Anterior lamellar transplants have evolved into the deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK), which is the substitution of the entire stroma while maintaining the recipient's Descemet membrane and endothelium. (intechopen.com)
In the present day, the most widely performed techniques are Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK), in which the recipient's endothelium and a thin layer of posterior stroma are replaced, and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), in which only the Descemet and endothelium are replaced. (intechopen.com)

We previously reported that loss of β-catenin in corneal stromal keratocytes triggered corneal precocious maturation, coincident with up-regulation of various growth factors including BMP4 and TGFβ3. (arvojournals.org)
These were 3D bioprinted from an in-house collagen-based bio-ink containing encapsulated corneal keratocytes. (nih.gov)
PRK was found to trigger proliferation and apoptosis of corneal keratocytes. (elsevier.com)
Keratocytes of the corneal stroma secrete a specialized extracellular matrix essential for vision. (mendeley.com)
In this study, behavior of human corneal keratocytes on collagen films patterned with parallel channels was investigated. (metu.edu.tr)
This study aimed to investigate the effects of EBN on corneal keratocytes proliferative capacity and phenotypical changes. (biomedcentral.com)
Corneal keratocytes from six New Zealand White Rabbits were isolated and cultured until Passage 1. (biomedcentral.com)
The proliferative effects of EBN on corneal keratocytes were determined by MTT assay in serum-containing medium (FDS) and serum-free medium (FD). (biomedcentral.com)
Both phase contrast micrographs and gene expression analysis confirmed the corneal keratocytes retained their phenotypes with the addition of EBN. (biomedcentral.com)
The lamellæ are produced by keratocytes (corneal connective tissue cells), which occupy about 10% of the substantia propria. (wikipedia.org)

Defects in the corneal stroma caused by trauma or diseases such as macular corneal dystrophy and keratoconus can be detrimental for vision. (jascoinc.com)
Purpose: Collagen fibrils in the corneal stroma in macular corneal dystrophy, on average, are more closely spaced than in the normal cornea. (cf.ac.uk)
Methods: Microbeam synchrotron X-ray fiber diffraction patterns were obtained in 25 μm steps across the whole thickness of a thin strip of a macular corneal dystrophy cornea obtained at keratoplasty. (cf.ac.uk)
Conclusions: Collagen fibril spacing is reduced and large-diameter collagen fibrils are seen in macular corneal dystrophy type I, with the deep stroma affected more. (cf.ac.uk)
These mice exhibit corneal opacity, poor wound healing, are hyporesponsive to LPS-induced sepsis and may be useful in studies of corneal dystrophy, extracellular matrix and neutrophil migration during the immune response. (jax.org)
Diseases associated with BMERB1 include Corneal Dystrophy, Lisch Epithelial . (genecards.org)
Recurrent corneal erosion (RCE) syndrome can be observed either in the context of a dystrophy of the basement membrane or following corneal trauma. (bioportfolio.com)
Other eye conditions can cause corneal ulcers, such as entropion , distichiae , corneal dystrophy , and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye). (wikipedia.org)
Shoch et al described stromal infiltrates in five patients who had RCE and anterior basement membrane dystrophy but with negative corneal cultures in the three cases that were investigated. (bmj.com)
Congenital hereditary corneal dystrophy (CHED) is a form of corneal endothelial dystrophy that presents at birth. (wikipedia.org)
However in 2015, the International Classification of Corneal Dystrophies (IC3D) renamed the condition "CHED1" to become posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy, and renamed the condition "CHED2" to become, simply, CHED. (wikipedia.org)
Posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (for the condition previously referred to as CHED1) Corneal dystrophy Bowes Hamill, M. (2015). (wikipedia.org)
Family history and clinical examination are typically sufficient to make the correct diagnosis of lattice corneal dystrophy. (medscape.com)
While the genetic basis of lattice corneal dystrophy is known, genetic studies are not commonly used clinically. (medscape.com)
A genetic analysis can determine the specific mutation on the TGFBI ( BIGH3 ) gene of chromosome 5, which can allow for the precise diagnosis of the subtype of lattice corneal dystrophy and can be useful for differentiating lattice corneal dystrophy from Avellino dystrophy, granular dystrophy, and Reis-Bückler dystrophy (all which have mutations of the TGFBI ,or BIGH3 , gene). (medscape.com)
Lattice corneal dystrophy is an amyloidosis of the corneal stroma. (medscape.com)
Because lattice dystrophy is associated with decreased corneal sensation, esthesiometry may be of clinical interest. (medscape.com)
Whether decreased corneal sensitivity is associated with increased morbidity in lattice corneal dystrophy is unknown. (medscape.com)
A staging system for lattice corneal dystrophy is not commonly used at this time. (medscape.com)
Two mutations in the TGFBI (BIGH3) gene associated with lattice corneal dystrophy in an extensively studied family. (medscape.com)
Das S, Langenbucher A, Seitz B. Excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy for granular and lattice corneal dystrophy: a comparative study. (medscape.com)
Morita Y, Chikama T, Yamada N, Morishige N, Sonoda KH, Nishida T. New mode of treatment for lattice corneal dystrophy type I: corneal epithelial debridement and fibronectin eye drops. (medscape.com)
Due to technical difficulties, treatment for corneal endothelial decompensation, such as pseudophakic or aphakic bullous keratopathy and Fuchs dystrophy, has been limited to penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). (mdpi.com)

We measure the surface ablation threshold fluence of porcine corneal stroma for 100 fs laser pulses, with wavelengths between 800 nm and 1450 nm, generated by a Ti:sapphire-pumped optical parametric amplifier. (osapublishing.org)
The primary objective of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of acellular porcine corneal stroma (APCS) transplantation in various types of infectious keratitis and identify risk factors that may increase APCS graft failure. (biomedcentral.com)
Kaplan-Meier survival curve depicting the graft failure episodes in eyes submitted to acellular porcine corneal stroma (APCS) implantation. (biomedcentral.com)

Corneal transplantation constitutes one of the leading treatments for severe cases of loss of corneal function. (nih.gov)
Although keratoplasty works well in infective keratitis, the shortage of donor corneas is the major limiting factor for the performance of corneal transplantation in many countries, which leads to the development of biomimetic and implantable human corneal substitutes [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In the last decade, enormous efforts have been put into replicating the corneal stroma in the laboratory to find an alternative to classical corneal transplantation, but this has still not been accomplished due to the extreme difficulty in mimicking the highly complex ultrastructure of the corneal stroma, obtaining substitutes that either do not achieve enough transparency or strength [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Diagnosis of rejection in the mouse model of corneal transplantation is based on subjective judgement of loss of graft transparency. (biomedsearch.com)
CONCLUSION: In vivo graft pachymetry provides a new and reliable way to objectively diagnose rejection in the mouse model of corneal transplantation. (biomedsearch.com)
Treatments of corneal disorders include medicines, corneal transplantation, and corneal laser surgery. (fpnotebook.com)
Management of CHED primarily involves corneal transplantation. (wikipedia.org)
The age that corneal transplantation is required is variable, however, it is usually necessary fairly early in life. (wikipedia.org)
While many causes of corneal blindness are treatable by donor human corneal transplantation, there is a severe shortage of high quality donor tissues despite innovations such as split grafts [ 2 ] and the use of gamma sterilization techniques to allow for processing of otherwise suboptimal tissue implants. (mdpi.com)
These findings indicate that cultured adult HCECs, transplanted with DSAEK surgery, maintain corneal transparency after transplantation and suggest the feasibility of performing DSAEK with HCECs to treat endothelial dysfunction. (mdpi.com)

Our goal was to evaluate the effects of KYN on normal human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells in vitro and the re-epithelization of corneal erosion in rabbits. (bioportfolio.com)
Diquafosol Sodium Inhibits Apoptosis and Inflammation of Corneal Epithelial Cells Via Activation of Erk1/2 and RSK: In Vitro and In Vivo Dry Eye Model. (bioportfolio.com)
A healing of a corneal ulcer involves two processes: migration of surrounding epithelial cells followed by mitosis (dividing) of the cells, and introduction of blood vessels from the conjunctiva . (wikipedia.org)
In vitro studies showed that human corneal epithelial cells and neuronal progenitor cell lines proliferated on these hydrogels. (mdpi.com)
The cause is unknown but abnormalities of the basal epithelial cells and anterior stroma have been noted. (thefreedictionary.com)

Its primary structural and mechanical element is the corneal stroma, comprising over 90% of corneal thickness. (arvojournals.org)
The stroma constitutes more than 90% of the corneal thickness. (biomedcentral.com)
The corneal stroma makes up to about 90% of the corneal thickness and is predominantly composed of collagen type I layers. (mdpi.com)
Use of ultrasonic pachymetry for measurement of changes in corneal thickness in mouse corneal transplant rejection. (biomedsearch.com)
The aims of this study were to (1) evaluate a pachymetry technique to measure changes in mouse corneal thickness and (2) correlate increases in transplant thickness with clinical and histological features of rejection. (biomedsearch.com)
Graft transparency was graded and corneal thickness measured by pachymetry on alternate days. (biomedsearch.com)
Stromal cellularity increased with increasing corneal thickness up to approximately 300 microm. (biomedsearch.com)
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcomes of Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) using anterior stromal flawed (ASF) donor corneas that were unsuitable for use in full-thickness penetrating keratoplasty as a result of stromal scars, pterygia, or previous corneal refractive surgery and to compare results with DSAEK using standard tissue. (biomedsearch.com)
Central corneal thickness measurements should be performed before cutting to avoid tissue perforation. (biomedsearch.com)
The corneal stroma comprises 90 percent of the thickness of the cornea. (wikipedia.org)
ii) stroma: it makes up to 90% of the corneal thickness. (hindawi.com)

Recent investigations of human corneal structure and biomechanics have shown that stromal collagen fibers (lamellae) are organized into a complex, highly intertwined three-dimensional meshwork of transverse oriented fibers that increases stromal stiffness and controls corneal shape. (arvojournals.org)
The interlacing of CF lamellae in the anterior stroma provides the biomechanical properties of the cornea . (bvsalud.org)
The lamellae of the anterior stroma which provides the biomechanical strength in the normal cornea , had degenerated in the swollen corneas due to the presence of the damaged CFs and PGs. (bvsalud.org)
Corneal stroma is a very complex structure, composed of 200 lamellae of oriented collagen fibers. (metu.edu.tr)
In addition, linear deposits of amyloid fibrils are seen within the corneal stroma, disrupting the regular arrangement of corneal lamellae. (medscape.com)

Keratoconus is being managed successfully with ultraviolet-A - riboflavin photochemical corneal cross-linking (known as 'CXL') throughout the world, which has revolutionized the field of corneal ectasia and related disorders. (portlandpress.com)
Daxer A, Fratzl P. "Collagen fibril orientation in the human corneal stroma and its implication in keratoconus. (wikipedia.org)

1 Corneal shape, which crucially defines its refractive function, is thought to be controlled by the mechanical properties of these larger collagen fibers and their three-dimensional (3-D) structural organization. (arvojournals.org)
Factoring patient age and refractive index of the corneal stroma into the treatment profile improved the predictability of LASIK outcomes, according to a study.The prospective study included 133 eyes, of which 107 were myopic and 26 were hyperopic. (linkoph.com)
Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) using corneal donor tissue not acceptable for use in penetrating keratoplasty as a result of anterior stromal scars, pterygia, and previous corneal refractive surgical procedures. (biomedsearch.com)
A variety of refractive surgery techniques, which reshape the corneal stroma using laser energy, have been marketed as simple and safe alternatives to glasses or contact lenses. (aafp.org)

Within the hydrated corneas , the CF diameter was smaller and the interfibrillar spacing was increased in the middle and posterior stroma compared to the anterior stroma. (bvsalud.org)
The PG area in both the 2hr and the 48hr hydrated cornea was reduced in the anterior stroma, whereas it was increased in middle and posterior stroma compared to the normal cornea . (bvsalud.org)
3D imaging demonstrated that the impairment of the microfibrils and PGs within the CF, is caused by the excessive hydration or swelling in the anterior as well as in the middle and posterior stroma. (bvsalud.org)
We speculate that the ultrastructural abnormalities are more prevalent in the posterior stroma because the structural influence of sulphated keratan sulphate glycosaminoglycans/proteoglycans is high in this region of the cornea. (cf.ac.uk)
Then HCEC sheets were transplanted onto the posterior stroma after descemetorhexis in the DSAEK group. (mdpi.com)
Fluorescein microscopy one month after surgery showed numerous DiI-labelled cells on the posterior corneal surface in the DSAEK group. (mdpi.com)
An explanation of this new technology, consisting of optical coherence tomography integrated to the microscope in both anterior and posterior lamellar corneal transplants (DALK, DSAEK, DMEK). (intechopen.com)

3 The lattice-like arrangement of these collagen fibrils is necessary for corneal transparency. (arvojournals.org)
Multiple publications from different research groups are showing its potential benefits in relation to its capacity to improve or alleviate corneal scars, improve corneal transparency in metabolic diseases by enhancing the catabolism of the accumulated molecules, generate new organized collagen within the host stroma, and its immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory properties. (biomedcentral.com)
Many diseases such as corneal dystrophies, scars or ectatic disorders induce a distortion of its anatomy or physiology leading to loss of transparency and subsequent loss of vision. (biomedcentral.com)
These changes result in loss of corneal transparency. (nih.gov)
2012. Corneal myofibroblast biology and pathobiology: Generation, persistence, and transparency. (nih.gov)
These homeostatic characteristics are important for corneal transparency. (biomedcentral.com)

TEM revealed that TGFβ3 promotes mouse corneal stroma maturation by increasing stromal cell density and cell activates (more ER and Golgi), extracellular matrix formation/organization. (arvojournals.org)

Recurrent corneal erosion (RCE) can develop after mechanical injury, as a complication of chronic ocular surface disease, or as a result of inherited dystrophies of the epithelial basement membrane or stroma. (bmj.com)
Corneal dystrophies. (medscape.com)
Three autosomal dominant corneal dystrophies map to chromosome 5q. (medscape.com)
Musch DC, Niziol LM, Stein JD, Kamyar RM, Sugar A. Prevalence of corneal dystrophies in the United States: estimates from claims data. (medscape.com)

Cellular therapy of the corneal stroma, with either ocular or extraocular stem cells, has been gaining a lot of interest over the last decade. (biomedcentral.com)

To identify mediators of granulocyte recruitment to the corneal stroma, we determined the relative contribution of chemokine receptors CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR)-2 (IL-8R homologue) and CCR1 using a murine model of ocular onchocerciasis (river blindness) in which neutrophils and eosinophils migrate from peripheral vessels to the central cornea. (jimmunol.org)
Using a murine model of Aspergillus corneal infection, we also demonstrate that in the absence of RodA, A. fumigatus induces Dectin-1- and Dectin-2-dependent neutrophil recruitment to the corneal stroma and enhanced fungal killing. (jimmunol.org)

Planes were analyzed numerically using software to identify collagen fiber angles relative to the corneal surface, stromal depth, and radial position within the anterior 250 μm of the stroma. (arvojournals.org)
The range of fiber angles and the fiber percentage having an angular displacement greater than ±3.5° relative to the corneal surface ("transverse fibers") was highest in the anterior stroma and decreased with depth. (arvojournals.org)
To investigate the alterations of CFs and PGs in the swollen cornea , with special reference to the anterior stroma by using electron microscopy and 3D ultrastructural tomography . (bvsalud.org)
Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) may be used to measure the depth of the corneal opacities. (medscape.com)

Infiltration of neutrophils and eosinophils into the mammalian cornea can result in loss of corneal clarity and severe visual impairment. (jimmunol.org)

When sections of mouse corneal stroma were treated with 20 mm adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) in phosphate buffered saline, pH 4.0, at 37°C and observed by electron microscopy, numerous periodic fibrils with about 100-nm periodicity appeared which were the aggregated form of type VI collagen (type VI collagen fibrils). (fujita-hu.ac.jp)

A bi-functional epoxy-based cross-linker, 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDGE), was investigated in the fabrication of collagen based corneal substitutes. (mdpi.com)

Near the corneal limbus, stromal cells expressed ABCG2, a protein present in many adult stem cells. (mendeley.com)

Collagen type I and type V are present in the same fibril in the avian corneal stroma. (rupress.org)
Homozygotes exhibit hyperextensible (8-fold reduced tensile strength) skin with abnormal collagen fibril structure and develop corneal opacity. (jax.org)
Lumican regulates collagen fibril assembly: skin fragility and corneal opacity in the absence of lumican. (jax.org)
2018. Cell regulation of collagen fibril macrostructure during corneal morphogenesis . (cardiff.ac.uk)

CCR1 deficiency did not inhibit neutrophil or eosinophil infiltration to the cornea or development of corneal opacification. (jimmunol.org)
Furthermore, CXCR2 −/− mice developed only mild corneal opacification compared with BALB/c mice. (jimmunol.org)
characterized by opacification of corneal stroma. (uiowa.edu)
an autosomal dominant opacification of the central corneal stroma by needle-shaped polychromatic crystals. (drugs.com)

2006. The keratocyte: Corneal stromal cell with variable repair phenotypes. (nih.gov)

A study of congenital eye disease at a teaching hospital in Sagamu, Nigeria, found that corneal opacities is the fourth most common congenital eye disorder causing blindness in 5.7% of infants with congenital eye diseases (Bodunde et al, 2006). (aao.org)
As Aspergillus and Fusarium species are also major causes of corneal infection and blindness worldwide ( 6 ), the current study examined the role of hydrophobins in a murine model of fungal keratitis ( 7 , 8 ). (jimmunol.org)
Corneal disease leading to vision loss is a major cause of blindness worldwide and a World Health Organization priority disease, particularly in the developing world [ 1 ]. (mdpi.com)
The broad and long-term goal of this Cornea GRC & GRS is to reduce corneal blindness by fostering innovation in corneal research. (grc.org)
As a result, it will improve our understanding of corneal biology and pathobiology and foster development of new treatment regimens for diseases causing corneal blindness. (grc.org)
Yet there is a significant shortage of corneas available to transplant, with 10 million people worldwide requiring surgery to prevent corneal blindness as a result of diseases such as trachoma, an infectious eye disorder. (bookofjoe.com)
In addition, almost 5 million people suffer total blindness due to corneal scarring caused by burns, lacerations, abrasion, or disease. (bookofjoe.com)

Kynurenine (KYN) is a metabolite of tryptophan, proposed for the treatment of corneal diseases. (bioportfolio.com)
Corneal ulcers are one of the most common eye diseases in dogs. (wikipedia.org)

Human corneal keratocyte cells cultured on laminin-mimetic peptide nanofibers retained their characteristic morphology, and their proliferation was enhanced compared with cells cultured on fibronectin-mimetic nanofibers. (jascoinc.com)
When these nanofibers were used for damaged rabbit corneas, laminin-mimetic peptide nanofibers increased keratocyte migration and supported stroma regeneration. (jascoinc.com)
A novel computerized approach to detection and counting of keratocyte cells from ultra high resolution optical coherence tomography (UHR-OCT) images of the human corneal stroma is presented. (uwaterloo.ca)
Ki67 positivity was detected in the upper stroma on day 1, 4, 7, and 14, and keratocyte apoptosis on day 1, 4, 7, and 14 after PRK, but not at an earlier or later time. (elsevier.com)
The frequency and spatial distribution of keratocyte proliferation and apoptosis are likely to be important determinants of the corneal wound healing process, but the detailed regulatory mechanisms have not yet been characterized. (elsevier.com)
Considering existing scientific evidence, it seems that all types of MSCs have similar behavior in vivo [Table 1 ], and thus are able to achieve keratocyte differentiation and modulate the corneal stroma with immunomodulatory properties [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The mutant stroma exhibited impaired keratocyte differentiation with accelerated cell proliferation and reduction in the accumulation of collagen type I. The mutant embryos also showed hyperproliferative nodules in the ocular surface epithelia with anomaly of cornea-type epithelial differentiation and the absence of the epithelial basement membrane. (molvis.org)

A corneal ulcer , or ulcerative keratitis , is an inflammatory condition of the cornea involving loss of its outer layer. (wikipedia.org)
Common eye conditions that can cause eye pain are conjunctivitis, corneal abrasion, and hordeolum, and some of the most serious eye conditions include acute angle-closure glaucoma, orbital cellulitis, and herpetic keratitis. (aafp.org)
METHODS The records were reviewed of patients who had previously been examined and treated for recurrent corneal epithelial erosion and who presented again with signs suggestive of a microbial keratitis. (bmj.com)
Eleven patients were identified who had previously been treated for RCE and who presented again with a corneal infiltrate suggestive of a microbial keratitis. (bmj.com)
The role of α-toxin in corneal infection (keratitis) and infection of the interior of the eye (endophthalmitis) has been well established by comparing virulence in animal models and α-toxin-deficient isogenic mutants with their wild-type parental strains. (nih.gov)

During development of the embryo, the corneal stroma is derived from the neural crest (a source of mesenchyme in the head and neck [5] ) which has been shown to contain mesenchymal stem cells . (wikipedia.org)

Ultrastructure and 3D transmission electron tomography of collagen fibrils and proteoglycans of swollen human corneal stroma. (bvsalud.org)
Apart from the cells, the major non-aqueous constituents of the stroma are collagen fibrils and proteoglycans . (wikipedia.org)

Cell density distribution analysis was carried in 3D UHR-OCT images of the human corneal stroma, acquired in-vivo. (uwaterloo.ca)
Cellular delivery into the corneal stroma has been experimentally assayed in vivo in multiple ways: systemic versus local injections with or without a carrier. (biomedcentral.com)
Engineering substantia propria (or stroma of cornea) that mimics the function and anatomy of natural tissue is vital for in vitro modelling and in vivo regeneration. (envisiontec.com)
This observation encouraged earlier research by the authors to assess the variation of corneal stiffness with age using tests on ex vivo donor corneas (Elsheikh et al . (royalsocietypublishing.org)

In order to meet the high demand for transplants with an appropriate human corneal endothelial cell density as a prerequisite for corneal function, several tissue engineering techniques have been developed to generate transplantable endothelial cell sheets. (mdpi.com)

To determine whether acellular porcine cornea stroma (APCS) could support the growth of the rabbit corneal cells in vitro . (bvsalud.org)

We applied this to the area of corneal tissue engineering in order to fabricate corneal structures that resembled the structure of the native human corneal stroma using an existing 3D digital human corneal model and a suitable support structure. (nih.gov)

These observations demonstrate the critical role for CXCR2 expression in neutrophil infiltration to the cornea and may indicate a target for immune intervention in neutrophil-mediated corneal inflammation. (jimmunol.org)
When corneal fibrosis is considered secondary to inflammation, it should not be diagnosed separately unless warranted by its severity, though it should be described in the pathology narrative. (nih.gov)
Animal studies suggest that these acute injuries can be followed by recurrent or delayed symptoms, including ulceration, inflammation, and corneal erosion. (nap.edu)

CXCR2 −/− and CCR1 −/− mice were immunized s.c. and injected into the corneal stroma with Ags from the parasitic helminth Onchocerca volvulus . (jimmunol.org)
These differences were not due to impaired KC and MIP-2 production in the corneal stroma of CXCR2 −/− mice, which was similar to BALB/c mice. (jimmunol.org)
Mice with a 1-Mb duplication developed corneal hyperplasia and thymic tumors, while two different 3- to 4-cM deficiencies were embryonically lethal in heterozygous mice. (genetics.org)
Corneal Toxicity of Topical Tacrolimus Ointment in Mice with Corneal Epithelial Injury. (bioportfolio.com)
METHODS: Orthotopic corneal allografts (C57BL/6 strain donor) and syngeneic grafts were performed in A/J mice. (biomedsearch.com)
We investigated the role of semaphorin (SEMA) 3C in corneal wound healing and reinnervation in normal and diabetic B6 mice. (diabetesjournals.org)
2007. Ultraviolet radiation-induced corneal degeneration in 129 mice. (nih.gov)
Our objective was to identify whether depletion of Pax6 in adult mice caused any corneal abnormalities, similar to those in Pax6 + / − mice, where Pax6 levels are low throughout development and adulthood. (springer.com)
It is not known if all corneal abnormalities in adult Pax6 + / − mice are predetermined by abnormal development or whether some are caused by reduced Pax6 in the adult. (springer.com)
Our aim was to determine whether depletion of Pax6 in adult mice caused corneal abnormalities, comparable to those reported for Pax6 + / − mice. (springer.com)

Descemetoceles occur when the ulcer extends through the stroma, exposing Descemet's membrane . (wikipedia.org)
Corneal endothelial cells (CECs) are firmly attached to the underlying Descemet's membrane. (mdpi.com)

Corneal nutrition is supplied almost exclusively by the aqueous humor circulating behind the cornea in the front of the eye. (nap.edu)

The proof-of-concept research, published today in Experimental Eye Research , reports how stem cells (human corneal stromal cells) from a healthy donor cornea were mixed together with alginate and collagen to create a solution that could be printed, a 'bio-ink. (bookofjoe.com)
The advantages of visualizing the different layers of the host and donor cornea, with specific emphasis in the Descemet-stroma interphase, are explained in the written work and captured in the intraoperative images. (intechopen.com)

Corneal topography, pachymetry, and manifest astigmatism were not significantly different between groups. (biomedsearch.com)
Corneal topography with central uniform steepening following hyperopic LASIK. (medscape.com)

In addition to well-recognized contraindications (e.g., unstable refraction, pregnancy and lactation, chronic eye disease, systemic illness, corneal abnormalities), there are other conditions that warrant caution (e.g., excessively dry eyes, contact lens intolerance, chronic pain syndromes). (aafp.org)

As the keratis area takes on a whiter appearance, the area of corneal involvement resembles the sclera more closely. (uiowa.edu)

The present study examines the relationship between dose to corneal substructures and incidence of corneal toxicity within six months of proton beam therapy (PBT) for uveal melanoma. (bioportfolio.com)

Development of therapeutic methods to enhance corneal regeneration is essential for treatment of these defects. (jascoinc.com)

This could be a novel breakthrough as both cell proliferation and functional maintenance are important during corneal wound healing. (biomedcentral.com)

The protein encoded by the Lum (lumican) gene, lumican, is a member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan family, the predominant corneal keratan sulfate proteoglycan, is also found in interstitial extracellular matrices. (jax.org)

AIMS To describe the clinical features of patients with a history of recurrent corneal epithelial erosion who develop acute corneal infiltration. (bmj.com)
CONCLUSIONS Corneal infiltrates are an uncommon complication of recurrent corneal epithelial erosion. (bmj.com)
Called also superficial corneal erosion syndrome, Boxer ulcer. (thefreedictionary.com)

The ability to measure precisely their density and spatial distribution in the cornea is important for the understanding of corneal healing processes and the diagnostics of some corneal disorders. (uwaterloo.ca)

There have been at least two cases where corneal ulceration was caused by canine herpesvirus . (wikipedia.org)

The lack of a preferred distribution of angled fibers with regard to corneal quadrant or radial position likely serves to evenly distribute loads and to avoid the formation of areas of stress concentration. (arvojournals.org)
Epithelial debridement wounds result in the loss of nerve endings and retraction of stroma nerve fibers. (diabetesjournals.org)

This study aimed at investigating the proliferation and apoptosis of corneal cells following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) treatment. (elsevier.com)
Cloned corneal SP cells under chondrogenic conditions produced matrix staining with toluidine blue and expressed cartilage-specific markers: collagen II, cartilage oligomatrix protein, and aggrecan. (mendeley.com)
These results demonstrate the presence of a population of cells in the human corneal stroma expressing stem cell markers and exhibiting multipotent differentiation potential. (mendeley.com)
Further analysis of these cells will aid elucidation of molecular mechanisms of corneal development, differentiation, and wound healing. (mendeley.com)
These cells may be a resource for bioengineering of corneal stroma and for cell-based therapeutics. (mendeley.com)
EC films comprise aligned collagen fibrils and support primary human corneal stromal cells (hCSCs). (envisiontec.com)
the migration and differentiation of periocular mesenchymal cells of neural crest origin for the formation of ocular tissue stroma, 2. (grc.org)
Human corneal endothelial cells (HCECs) do not replicate after wounding. (mdpi.com)
Corneal endothelial cells are believed to be of neural crest origin [ 1 , 2 ] and form a monolayer of hexagonal cells. (mdpi.com)

These results suggest that laminin-mimetic peptide nanofibers provide a promising injectable, synthetic scaffold system for cornea stroma regeneration. (jascoinc.com)

The remaining three scleral normal corneal rings were used as a control .The corneas were processed for electron microscopy (EM) to study the CFs and PGs. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy24

Organisms4

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs18

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Phenomena and Processes4

Disciplines and Occupations2

Regulation of gelatinase B production in corneal cells is independent of autocrine IL-1alpha. (1/726)

Human corneal ablation threshold using the 193-nm ArF excimer laser. (2/726)

Differential inhibition of collagenase and interleukin-1alpha gene expression in cultured corneal fibroblasts by TGF-beta, dexamethasone, and retinoic acid. (3/726)

A new surgical technique for deep stromal, anterior lamellar keratoplasty. (4/726)

Proteoglycan synthesis by bovine keratocytes and corneal fibroblasts: maintenance of the keratocyte phenotype in culture. (5/726)

Failure to activate transcription factor NF-kappaB in corneal stromal cells (keratocytes). (6/726)

Functional human corneal equivalents constructed from cell lines. (7/726)

Distribution of ascorbate in the anterior bovine eye. (8/726)

Corneal Stroma

Cornea

Keratitis

Corneal Keratocytes

Keratan Sulfate

Epithelium, Corneal

Corneal Opacity

Corneal Diseases

Corneal Transplantation

Keratoconus

Onchocerciasis, Ocular

Descemet Membrane

Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary

Anterior Eye Segment

Corneal Edema

Collagen

Corneal Neovascularization

Endothelium, Corneal

Hematoxylin

Lasers, Excimer

Stromal Cells

Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect

Keratoplasty, Penetrating

Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ

Photorefractive Keratectomy

Fibrillar Collagens

Rabbits

Corneal Ulcer

Proteoglycans

Refractive Surgical Procedures

Eosine Yellowish-(YS)

Wound Healing

Onchocerca volvulus

Fibroblasts

Eye Injuries

Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans

Keratitis, Herpetic

Riboflavin

Dermatan Sulfate

Refractometry

Microscopy, Confocal

Neutrophil Infiltration

Sclera

Conjunctiva

Limbus Corneae

Ophthalmic Solutions

Extracellular Matrix

Chick Embryo

Glycosaminoglycans

Chemokine CXCL1

Epithelium

X-Ray Diffraction

Eye Infections, Bacterial

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Transforming Growth Factor beta2

Immunohistochemistry

Cattle

Ciliary Body

Eye Proteins

Microscopy, Electron

Extracellular Matrix Proteins

Cells, Cultured

Eye

RNA, Messenger

Body Water

Immunoenzyme Techniques

Epithelial Cells

Microscopy, Fluorescence

Spheroids, Cellular

Fluorescent Antibody Technique

Organ Culture Techniques

Transforming Growth Factor beta

Chemokines, CXC

Basement Membrane

Lens, Crystalline

Cell Differentiation

Endothelium

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Regulation of gelatinase B production in corneal cells is independent of autocrine IL-1alpha. (1/726)

Human corneal ablation threshold using the 193-nm ArF excimer laser. (2/726)

$ESCRS | European Society of Cataract & Refractive Surgeons$ ESCRS | European Society of Cataract & Refractive Surgeons