Cornea
Corneal Stroma
Epithelium, Corneal
Keratoconus
Corneal Opacity
Corneal Neovascularization
Corneal Ulcer
Keratoplasty, Penetrating
Corneal Edema
Descemet Membrane
Ophthalmic Nerve
Corneal Topography
Rabbits
Keratitis, Herpetic
Limbus Corneae
Keratan Sulfate
Lasers, Excimer
Conjunctiva
Tissue Preservation
Photorefractive Keratectomy
Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary
Ophthalmic Solutions
Sodium Hydroxide
Eye Injuries
Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy
Eye
Organ Culture Techniques
Artificial Organs
Alkalies
Administration, Topical
Bowman Membrane
Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ
Eye Infections, Fungal
Keratitis, Dendritic
Keratin-12
Epithelium
Anterior Eye Segment
Lens, Crystalline
Collagen
Sclera
Microscopy, Confocal
Fluorophotometry
Organ Preservation
Corneal Perforation
Aqueous Humor
Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty
Anterior Chamber
Iris
Onchocerciasis, Ocular
Cell Count
Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic
Fibrillar Collagens
Immunoenzyme Techniques
Microscopy, Acoustic
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-mediated corneal epithelial cell ingestion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a key component in the pathogenesis of experimental murine keratitis. (1/5105)
Previous findings indicate that the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a ligand for Pseudomonas aeruginosa ingestion into respiratory epithelial cells. In experimental murine keratitis, P. aeruginosa enters corneal epithelial cells. We determined the importance of CFTR-mediated uptake of P. aeruginosa by corneal cells in experimental eye infections. Entry of noncytotoxic (exoU) P. aeruginosa into human and rabbit corneal cell cultures was inhibited with monoclonal antibodies and peptides specific to CFTR amino acids 108 to 117. Immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry demonstrated CFTR in the intact murine corneal epithelium, and electron microscopy showed that CFTR binds to P. aeruginosa following corneal cell ingestion. In experimental murine eye infections, multiple additions of 5 nM CFTR peptide 103-117 to inocula of either cytotoxic (exoU+) or noncytotoxic P. aeruginosa resulted in large reductions in bacteria in the eye and markedly lessened eye pathology. Compared with wild-type C57BL/6 mice, heterozygous DeltaF508 Cftr mice infected with P. aeruginosa had an approximately 10-fold reduction in bacterial levels in the eye and consequent reductions in eye pathology. Homozygous DeltaF508 Cftr mice were nearly completely resistant to P. aeruginosa corneal infection. CFTR-mediated internalization of P. aeruginosa by buried corneal epithelial cells is critical to the pathogenesis of experimental eye infection, while in the lung, P. aeruginosa uptake by surface epithelial cells enhances P. aeruginosa clearance from this tissue. (+info)First report of Thelazia sp. from a captive Oriental white stork (Ciconia boyciana) in Japan. (2/5105)
Nematodes of the genus Thelazia were recovered from the cornea and inferior conjunctival sac of an immature Oriental white stork (Ciconia boyciana). The bird hatched and reared at the Toyooka Oriental White Stork Breeding Center, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan, but died of chlamydiosis. There were neither gross nor histopathologic ophthalmic lesions. The eye worm from a bird is believed to be first reported in Japan. As regarding reintroduction plan for the Oriental white stork, control measures for prevent further infection with the eye worm will be needed. (+info)Pharmacological studies on root bark of mulberry tree (Morus alba L.) (3/5105)
Pharmacological studies were done on the root bark of mulberry tree and pharmacological effects were compared with the clinical effects of "Sohakuhi" in Chinese medicine. n-Butanol- and water-soluble fractions of mulberry root had similar effects except for those on the cadiovascular system. Both fractions showed cathartic, analgesic, diuretic, antitussive, antiedema, sedative, anticonvulsant, and hypotensive actions in mice, rats, guinea pigs and dogs. There appears to be a correlation between the experimental pharmacological results and the clinical applications of mulberry root found in the literature on Chinese medicine. (+info)Pathogenesis of experimental Pseudomonas keratitis in the guinea pig: bacteriologic, clinical, and microscopic observations. (4/5105)
Uniformly severe corneal infections were produced in guinea pigs by intracorneal injection of about 10 viable Pseudomonas aeruginosa. After a brief lag period, multiplication of bacteria was rapid, reaching geometric means of 280,000 after 24 hr and of 5 million after 48 hr. Within 8 hr after inoculation, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) began to infiltrate the anterior two thirds of the stroma. Stromal cells adjacent to the injection site became necrotic and appeared to be engulfed by PMNs. By 14 to 16 hr, an abscess containing a dense aggregate of PMNs and multiplying bacteria developed in the central stroma. By 16 to 24 hr, collagen breakdown was apparent within and around the abscess. Ultrastructural evidence of collagen breakdown included loss of intact collagen fibrils, tactoid formation, and accumulation of amorphous electron-dense material. The area of liquefactive necrosis gradually enlarged, and many corneas perforated after 3 to 4 days. Because the course of infection is highly reproducible, this model should prove useful for many studies of experimental Pseudomonas keratitis. (+info)Freeze-fracture studies of the developing cell surface. II. Particle-free membrane blisters on glutaraldehyde-fixed corneal fibroblasts are artefacts. (5/5105)
We describe, in sections and by freeze-fracture, four classes of intramembrane particle (IMP)-free membrane blebs or "blisters" associated with glutaraldehyde-fixed embryonic corneal fibroblasts: (a) Single blisters attached to the cell membrane; (b) free (detached) vesicles; (c) myelin figures; (d) multivesicular protrusions which resemble the "mounds" described by others on nerve growth cones. The IMP-free, membrane-bounded blisters contain no ground cytoplasm or organelles, in contrast to blebs on trypsin-isolated fibroblasts, which we show here do contain cytoplasm and IMP-rich membranes. That the IMP-free membrane blisters in embryonic corneas are artefacts of fixation is demonstrated by (a) their absence in replicas of fibroblasts frozen and fractured without prior aldehyde fixation and (b) their absence in sections of fibroblasts fixed in a combination of glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide. We suggest that the addition of osmium prevents postfixation movement of membrane lipids, especially the negatively charged "fluid" lipids which others have shown are capable of considerable mobility after aldehyde fixation alone. Recent literature has implicated membrane blistering in secretory processes and in growth of nerves, but before the functional significance of such IMP-free blisters is assessed, membrane mobility of the type shown here should be taken into consideration. (+info)cDNA cloning of 15-lipoxygenase type 2 and 12-lipoxygenases of bovine corneal epithelium. (6/5105)
Bovine corneal epithelium contains arachidonate 12- and 15-lipoxygenase activity, while human corneal epithelium contains only 15-lipoxygenase activity. Our purpose was to identify the corneal 12- and 15-lipoxygenase isozymes. We used cDNA cloning to isolate the amino acid coding nucleotide sequences of two bovine lipoxygenases. The translated sequence of one lipoxygenase was 82% identical with human 15-lipoxygenase type 2 and 75% identical with mouse 8-lipoxygenase, whereas the other translated nucleotide sequence was 87% identical with human 12-lipoxygenase of the platelet type. Expression of 15-lipoxygenase type 2 and platelet type 12-lipoxygenase mRNAs were detected by Northern analysis. In addition to these two lipoxygenases, 12-lipoxygenase of leukocyte (tracheal) type was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, and Northern analysis. Finally, PCR and sequencing suggested that human corneal epithelium contains 15-lipoxygenase types 1 and 2. (+info)Characterization of proteoglycans synthesized by cultured corneal fibroblasts in response to transforming growth factor beta and fetal calf serum. (7/5105)
A culture system was developed to analyze the relationship between proteoglycans and growth factors during corneal injury. Specifically, the effects of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1) and fetal calf serum on proteoglycan synthesis in corneal fibroblasts were examined. Glycosaminoglycan synthesis and sulfation were determined using selective polysaccharidases. Proteoglycan core proteins were analyzed using gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. Cells cultured in 10% dialyzed fetal calf serum exhibited decreased synthesis of more highly sulfated chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate compared with cells cultured in 1% dialyzed fetal calf serum. The amount and sulfation of the glycosaminoglycans was not significantly influenced by TGF-beta1. The major proteoglycan species secreted into the media were decorin and perlecan. Decorin was glycanated with chondroitin sulfate. Perlecan was linked to either chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate, or both chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate. Decorin synthesis was reduced by either TGF-beta1 or serum. At early time points, both TGF-beta1 and serum induced substantial increases in perlecan bearing chondroitin sulfate and/or heparan sulfate chains. In contrast, after extended periods in culture, the amount of perlecan bearing heparan sulfate chains was unaffected by TGF-beta1 and decreased by serum. The levels of perlecan bearing chondroitin sulfate chains were elevated with TGF-beta1 treatment and were decreased with serum. Because both decorin and perlecan bind growth factors and are proposed to modulate their activity, changes in the expression of either of these proteoglycans could substantially affect the cellular response to injury. (+info)Effect of leukocytes on corneal cellular proliferation and wound healing. (8/5105)
PURPOSE: To establish whether fucoidin, by blocking the adhesion of leukocytes on the limbal vascular endothelium, prevents extravasation of the cells from the blood stream into the limbal stroma and the wounded area after corneal injury. Successful leukocyte blocking enabled investigation of the influence of leukocytes on corneal cellular proliferation after corneal wounding. METHODS: Thirty-two New Zealand White rabbits were used. Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and a standardized alkali corneal wound were used as models in two sets of experiments. In half of the injured rabbits fucoidin was used to prevent leukocytes from leaving the local vessels. The efficiency of the blocking technique was evaluated by counting the number of leukocytes in the limbal and wounded corneal areas. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was used as a marker for proliferative activity. RESULTS: The infiltration of leukocytes into the limbus and the cornea after PRK and alkali injuries can be blocked by fucoidin. The healing rate of corneal epithelium after alkali burn was retarded in the absence of leukocytes. PCNA expression was enhanced in the presence of leukocytes. Fucoidin per se had no influence on corneal cell proliferation and wound healing. CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) can be prevented from entering the cornea in vivo by fucoidin after PRK and after alkali burn. The corneal epithelial healing rate is delayed in the absence of PMNs in vivo, and PCNA expression increases in the presence of leukocytes. (+info)Also known as: Corneal inflammation, Eye inflammation, Keratoconjunctivitis, Ocular inflammation.
While there is no cure for keratoconus, there are several treatment options available to help manage the condition. These include eyeglasses or contact lenses, specialized contact lenses called rigid gas permeable (RGP) lenses, and corneal transplantation in severe cases. Other treatments that may be recommended include phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK), which involves removing damaged tissue from the cornea using a laser, or intacs, which are tiny plastic inserts that are placed into the cornea to flatten it and improve vision.
Keratoconus is relatively rare, affecting about 1 in every 2,000 people worldwide. However, it is more common in certain groups of people, such as those with a family history of the condition or those who have certain medical conditions, such as Down syndrome or sickle cell anemia. It typically affects both eyes, although one eye may be more severely affected than the other.
While there is no known cause for keratoconus, researchers believe that it may be linked to genetics, environmental factors, or a combination of both. The condition usually begins in adolescence or early adulthood and can progress over several years. In some cases, keratoconus can also be associated with other eye conditions, such as cataracts, glaucoma, or retinal detachment.
There are several types of eye burns, including:
1. Chemical burns: These occur when the eye comes into contact with a corrosive substance, such as bleach or drain cleaner.
2. Thermal burns: These occur when the eye is exposed to heat or flames, such as from a fire or a hot surface.
3. Ultraviolet (UV) burns: These occur when the eye is exposed to UV radiation, such as from the sun or a tanning bed.
4. Radiation burns: These occur when the eye is exposed to ionizing radiation, such as from a nuclear accident or cancer treatment.
Symptoms of eye burns can include:
* Pain and redness in the eye
* Discharge or crusting around the eye
* Blurred vision or sensitivity to light
* Swelling of the eyelids or the surface of the eye
* Increased tearing or dryness
Treatment for eye burns depends on the cause and severity of the injury. Mild cases may require only topical medications, such as antibiotic ointments or anti-inflammatory drops. More severe cases may require more aggressive treatment, such as oral medications, patching, or even surgery. In some cases, eye burns can lead to long-term vision problems or scarring, so it is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time.
CNV can cause vision loss and blindness if left untreated. It can also increase the risk of complications such as cataracts, glaucoma, and corneal ulcers.
There are several treatment options for CNV, including:
1. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections: These medications can help reduce the growth of new blood vessels and preserve vision.
2. Photodynamic therapy: This involves the use of a light-sensitive medication and low-intensity laser to damage and shrink the new blood vessels.
3. Corneal transplantation: In severe cases, a corneal transplant may be necessary to replace the damaged or diseased cornea with a healthy one.
4. Surgical removal of the neovascularized tissue: This can be done through a surgical procedure called vitrectomy, where the new blood vessels are removed and the eye is filled with a gas or oil bubble.
Early detection and treatment of CNV are crucial to prevent vision loss and improve outcomes. Ophthalmologists use a range of diagnostic tests such as imaging studies and visual acuity assessments to diagnose and monitor the progression of the condition.
The symptoms of a corneal ulcer may include:
* Pain or discomfort in the eye
* Redness and swelling of the eye
* Discharge or pus in the eye
* Blurred vision or sensitivity to light
* A feeling that there is something in the eye
If left untreated, a corneal ulcer can lead to complications such as:
* Perforation of the cornea
* Inflammation of the iris (iritis)
* Inflammation of the retina (retinitis)
* Vision loss or blindness
Treatment of a corneal ulcer typically involves antibiotic eye drops or ointments to treat any underlying bacterial infection, as well as supportive care to manage pain and promote healing. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the damaged tissue and promote healing.
Prevention of corneal ulcers includes good hygiene, proper use of contact lenses, and avoiding touching or rubbing the eyes. Early detection and treatment are key to preventing complications and preserving vision.
Some common symptoms of corneal edema include:
* Blurred vision
* Haziness or clouding of the cornea
* Increased sensitivity to light
* Redness or discharge in the eye
* Pain or discomfort in the eye
Corneal edema can be diagnosed through a comprehensive eye exam, which may include a visual acuity test, dilated eye exam, and imaging tests such as cornea scans or ultrasound. Treatment for corneal edema depends on the underlying cause and may involve antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, or other therapies to reduce swelling and promote healing. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove scar tissue or improve drainage of fluid from the eye.
If left untreated, corneal edema can lead to more serious complications such as corneal ulcers or vision loss. Therefore, it is important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of corneal edema to prevent any further damage and ensure proper treatment.
A type of keratitis caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). It is characterized by the presence of small, discrete ulcers on the surface of the cornea, along with inflammation and edema. The lesions are usually self-limiting but can be painful and may lead to scarring or perforation of the cornea if left untreated.
Synonyms: herpetic keratitis, HSV keratitis
See also: bacterial keratitis, fungal keratitis, avulsive keratitis, neurotrophic keratitis
Source: Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA)
Note: This term is used in the medical field to describe a specific type of inflammation of the cornea caused by the herpes simplex virus. It is important to note that this term is not a diagnosis, but rather a descriptor of the cause of the inflammation. A proper diagnosis can only be made by a qualified medical professional through a comprehensive examination and appropriate testing.
There are several types of hereditary corneal dystrophies, each with different clinical features and modes of inheritance. Some of the most common forms include:
1. Keratoconus: This is a progressive thinning of the cornea, which can cause irregular astigmatism and visual distortion. It is the most common form of corneal dystrophy and usually affects both eyes.
2. Familial Corneal Dystrophy Type 1 (FCD1): This is an autosomal dominant disorder that affects the central cornea, causing progressive opacification and visual loss.
3. Familial Corneal Dystrophy Type 2 (FCD2): This is an autosomal recessive disorder that affects both eyes and causes progressive opacification of the peripheral cornea.
4. Granular Corneal Dystrophy (GCD): This is a rare form of corneal dystrophy characterized by the accumulation of granular material in the cornea, leading to vision loss.
5. Avellar Corneal Dystrophy: This is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that affects both eyes and causes progressive opacification of the central cornea.
The diagnosis of hereditary corneal dystrophies is based on a combination of clinical examination, imaging studies (such as optical coherence tomography), and genetic testing. Treatment options vary depending on the specific type of dystrophy and the severity of symptoms, but may include glasses or contact lenses, corneal transplantation, or phototherapeutic keratectomy.
In conclusion, hereditary corneal dystrophies are a group of genetic disorders that affect the cornea and can cause significant vision loss and blindness. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent or slow down the progression of these diseases. Ophthalmologists play a key role in the diagnosis and management of hereditary corneal dystrophies, and genetic testing may be useful in identifying the specific type of dystrophy and guiding treatment decisions.
Types of Eye Injuries:
1. Corneal abrasion: A scratch on the cornea, the clear outer layer of the eye.
2. Conjunctival bleeding: Bleeding in the conjunctiva, the thin membrane that covers the white part of the eye.
3. Hyphema: Blood in the space between the iris and the cornea.
4. Hemorrhage: Bleeding in the eyelid or under the retina.
5. Retinal detachment: Separation of the retina from the underlying tissue, which can cause vision loss if not treated promptly.
6. Optic nerve damage: Damage to the nerve that carries visual information from the eye to the brain, which can cause vision loss or blindness.
7. Orbital injury: Injury to the bones and tissues surrounding the eye, which can cause double vision, swelling, or vision loss.
Symptoms of Eye Injuries:
1. Pain in the eye or around the eye
2. Redness and swelling of the eye or eyelid
3. Difficulty seeing or blurred vision
4. Sensitivity to light
5. Double vision or loss of vision
6. Discharge or crusting around the eye
7. Swelling of the eyelids or face
Treatment of Eye Injuries:
1. Depending on the severity and nature of the injury, treatment may include antibiotics, pain relief medication, or surgery.
2. In some cases, a tube may be inserted into the eye to help drain fluid or prevent pressure from building up.
3. In severe cases, vision may not return completely, but there are many options for corrective glasses and contact lenses to improve remaining vision.
4. It is essential to seek medical attention immediately if there is a foreign object in the eye, as this can cause further damage if left untreated.
5. In cases of penetrating trauma, such as a blow to the eye, it is important to seek medical attention right away, even if there are no immediate signs of injury.
6. Follow-up appointments with an ophthalmologist are essential to monitor healing and address any complications that may arise.
The disease is caused by mutations in the genes responsible for the development and maintenance of the corneal endothelium. The exact prevalence of Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy is not known, but it is estimated to affect approximately 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 20,000 individuals worldwide.
The symptoms of Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy typically begin in the third to fifth decade of life and may include:
1. Blurred vision
2. Ghosting or hazing of images
3. Sensitivity to light
4. Eye pain
5. Redness and irritation of the eye
The disease progresses slowly over several years, leading to more severe symptoms and eventually causing significant vision loss.
Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy is diagnosed through a comprehensive eye exam, including a visual acuity test, refraction, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Imaging tests such as ultrasound or optical coherence tomography may also be used to evaluate the cornea and assess the progression of the disease.
There is currently no cure for Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy, but various treatments are available to manage the symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. These may include:
1. Glasses or contact lenses to correct refractive errors
2. Medications to reduce inflammation and pain
3. Phototherapy with ultraviolet light to promote healing
4. Endothelial cell transplantation to replace damaged cells
5. Corneal transplantation in severe cases
It is important for individuals with Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy to receive regular eye exams to monitor the progression of the disease and adjust their treatment plan as needed. With appropriate management, many people with Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy are able to maintain good vision and quality of life.
There are several types of fungal eye infections, including:
1. Aspergillosis: This is a common type of fungal infection that affects the eye. It is caused by the fungus Aspergillus and can occur in people with weakened immune systems or pre-existing eye conditions.
2. Candidemia: This is another common type of fungal infection that affects the eye. It is caused by the fungus Candida and can occur in people with weakened immune systems or pre-existing eye conditions.
3. Cryptococcosis: This is a rare type of fungal infection that affects the eye. It is caused by the fungus Cryptococcus and can occur in people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS.
4. Histoplasmosis: This is a rare type of fungal infection that affects the eye. It is caused by the fungus Histoplasma and can occur in people who have been exposed to the fungus in soil or bird droppings.
5. Blastomycosis: This is a rare type of fungal infection that affects the eye. It is caused by the fungus Blastomyces and can occur in people who have been exposed to the fungus in soil or water.
Fungal eye infections can cause a range of symptoms, including redness, discharge, pain, and vision loss. Treatment typically involves antifungal medication and may also include surgery to remove any infected tissue. In severe cases, fungal eye infections can lead to blindness if left untreated.
Prevention measures for fungal eye infections include good hygiene practices, such as washing hands regularly and avoiding close contact with people who have the infection. People with weakened immune systems should also avoid exposure to fungi by avoiding outdoor activities during peak fungal growth seasons and wearing protective clothing when working or playing in areas where fungi are likely to be present.
Overall, fungal eye infections are uncommon but can be serious conditions that require prompt medical attention. If you suspect you may have a fungal eye infection, it is important to seek medical care as soon as possible to receive proper diagnosis and treatment.
Causes: The exact cause of dendritic keratitis is not known, but it is believed to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It can occur in people of all ages but is more common in children and young adults.
Symptoms: Symptoms of dendritic keratitis may include redness, pain, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, and eye discharge. The condition can also lead to corneal ulcers, which are open sores on the surface of the cornea that can cause infection and vision loss.
Diagnosis: Dendritic keratitis is typically diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as slit-lamp biomicroscopy and optical coherence tomography.
Treatment: Treatment for dendritic keratitis depends on the severity of the condition and may include antibiotic eye drops or ointments, anti-inflammatory medications, and surgical procedures such as corneal debridement or penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). In severe cases, the condition can lead to blindness if left untreated.
Prevention: There is no known way to prevent dendritic keratitis, but early detection and treatment can help to reduce the risk of complications. It is important for individuals with a family history of the condition or those who experience symptoms to seek medical attention as soon as possible.
The symptoms of corneal perforation may include:
* Severe pain
* Redness and swelling of the eye
* Sensitivity to light
* Blurred vision or vision loss
* Discharge or pus in the eye
* Fever
If left untreated, corneal perforation can lead to serious complications such as endophthalmitis (an infection inside the eye), retinal detachment, and even blindness. Therefore, prompt medical attention is essential if you experience any of the above symptoms.
Treatment options for corneal perforation may include:
* Antibiotics to treat any underlying infections
* Pain management with medication
* Supportive care to maintain eye function and prevent further damage
* Surgical intervention, such as corneal transplant or suturing the tear, to repair the damaged area.
It is important to note that prompt medical attention can help prevent serious complications and improve outcomes for patients with corneal perforation.
There are several types of penetrating eye injuries, including:
1. Perforating injuries: These occur when an object punctures the globe of the eye, creating a hole in the retina or the sclera. These injuries can be life-threatening and require immediate medical attention.
2. Non-perforating injuries: These occur when an object does not penetrate the globe of the eye but still causes damage to the surrounding tissues. These injuries are typically less severe than perforating injuries but can still cause significant vision loss.
3. Hyphemas: These occur when blood collects in the space between the cornea and the iris, often due to a blow to the eye.
4. Retinal detachments: These occur when the retina becomes separated from the underlying tissue, often due to a traumatic injury.
Symptoms of penetrating eye injuries can include:
* Severe pain in the eye
* Redness and swelling of the affected eye
* Difficulty seeing or blindness
* Floaters or flashes of light
* A feeling of something in the eye
Treatment of penetrating eye injuries depends on the severity of the injury and can include:
1. Immediate medical attention to assess the extent of the injury and provide appropriate treatment.
2. Surgery to repair any damage to the eye, such as removing a foreign object or repairing a retinal detachment.
3. Antibiotics to prevent infection.
4. Pain management with medication.
5. Monitoring for complications, such as glaucoma or cataracts.
Preventive measures for penetrating eye injuries include:
1. Wearing protective eyewear when performing activities that could potentially cause eye injury, such as playing sports or working with power tools.
2. Avoiding touching the eyes or face to prevent the spread of infection.
3. Keeping the environment clean and free of hazards to reduce the risk of injury.
4. Properly storing and disposing of sharp objects to prevent accidents.
5. Seeking medical attention immediately if an eye injury occurs.
It is important to seek immediate medical attention if you experience any symptoms of a penetrating eye injury, as timely treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes.
The parasite migrates to various tissues throughout the body, including the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and eyes. In the eye, the parasite can cause inflammation and damage to the retina, optic nerve, and choroid, leading to visual impairment and blindness.
The most common form of ocular onchocerciasis is trachoma, which affects the conjunctiva and cornea. Trachoma is responsible for 2.8% of all global blindness and 9.6% of all infectious blindness.
Ocular onchocerciasis can be diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests, such as PCR or ELISA. Treatment options include antiparasitic drugs, such as ivermectin, which is effective against the adult worms, and surgery to remove inflamed tissue.
Prevention of ocular onchocerciasis includes vector control measures, such as using insecticides to kill infected blackflies, and mass drug administration (MDA) programs to eliminate the parasite in endemic areas.
There are many different types of eye diseases, including:
1. Cataracts: A clouding of the lens in the eye that can cause blurry vision and blindness.
2. Glaucoma: A group of diseases that damage the optic nerve and can lead to vision loss and blindness.
3. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD): A condition that causes vision loss in older adults due to damage to the macula, the part of the retina responsible for central vision.
4. Diabetic retinopathy: A complication of diabetes that can cause damage to the blood vessels in the retina and lead to vision loss.
5. Detached retina: A condition where the retina becomes separated from the underlying tissue, leading to vision loss.
6. Macular hole: A small hole in the macula that can cause vision loss.
7. Amblyopia (lazy eye): A condition where one eye is weaker than the other and has reduced vision.
8. Strabismus (crossed eyes): A condition where the eyes are not aligned properly and point in different directions.
9. Conjunctivitis: An inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin membrane that covers the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelids.
10. Dry eye syndrome: A condition where the eyes do not produce enough tears, leading to dryness, itchiness, and irritation.
Eye diseases can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, age, environmental factors, and certain medical conditions. Some eye diseases are inherited, while others are acquired through lifestyle choices or medical conditions.
Symptoms of eye diseases can include blurry vision, double vision, eye pain, sensitivity to light, and redness or inflammation in the eye. Treatment options for eye diseases depend on the specific condition and can range from medication, surgery, or lifestyle changes.
Regular eye exams are important for detecting and managing eye diseases, as many conditions can be treated more effectively if caught early. If you experience any symptoms of eye disease or have concerns about your vision, it is important to see an eye doctor as soon as possible.
Treatment typically involves antiprotozoal medication, topical corticosteroids, and PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) membrane stripping. In severe cases, corneal transplantation may be necessary. Prophylactic antibiotics are not effective against Acanthamoeba infections, but contact precautions can help prevent transmission.
Prevention is key, and this includes proper hand washing and hygiene, avoiding exposure to water while wearing contact lenses, and using only sterile lens solutions. It is important for individuals who wear contact lenses to follow the recommended guidelines for their care and maintenance to reduce the risk of developing Acanthamoeba keratitis.
Overall, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to prevent long-term visual impairment and potential loss of vision in cases of Acanthamoeba keratitis.
Cornea
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Cataract1
- Have you been told you need a cornea transplant and cataract surgery? (cornea.org)
Asia Cornea Society2
Refractive1
- Radial Keratotomy was a procedure performed prior to laser vision correction, achieving the correction of myopia by diamond knife cut radial slices in the cornea to collapse the center of the cornea to achieve the refractive effect. (cornearevolution.com)
Corneal tissue3
- A cornea transplant also referred to as keratoplasty, is a surgical procedure to replace the damaged or diseased corneal tissue with healthy tissue from a donor. (tourmyindia.com)
- The procedure used to replace the cornea involves the removal of damaged corneal tissue. (northsuburbaneye.com)
- The cornea that replaces the original one is a donation from a deceased donor with healthy corneal tissue. (northsuburbaneye.com)
Transplant surgery1
- Who is a good candidate for cornea transplant surgery? (tourmyindia.com)
Eyelids1
- Modern scleral lenses can eliminate blurred and distorted vision, promote healing of the ocular surface, and protect the cornea from the surrounding environment and the eyelids. (crstodayeurope.com)
Infection2
- The source of infection can include bacteria disseminated through the bloodstream and contamination of the cornea at the time of ocular surgery or trauma. (cdc.gov)
- Patient outcomes include permanent vision loss resulting from cornea infection, hospitalization, and one death due to systemic infection. (cdc.gov)
Keratoplasty3
- During 1991--2002, a total of 414,648 donor corneas were distributed for keratoplasty in the United States by EBAA-member eye banks ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
- A cornea transplant, also known as keratoplasty or a corneal graft, replaces damaged tissue on the clear front surface of the eye. (opticalzone.net)
- Known as Descemet's Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSEK), this new procedure removes a smaller and thinner portion of the cornea. (opticalzone.net)
Eyesight1
- When disease or injury damages the cornea, eyesight is affected. (opticalzone.net)
Thickness1
- These cuts are surgeon made by a template, and are 90% of the thickness of the cornea. (cornearevolution.com)
Donor corneas2
- Cultures of both donor corneas, collected immediately before transplantation, subsequently grew C. perfringens . (cdc.gov)
- The tissue of donor corneas is checked for clarity and screened meticulously for disease before it is released for transplant. (opticalzone.net)
Transplants3
- We are proud to roll out the Cornea Research Video Series addressing some of the most common questions patients ask about to cornea problems, transplants, surgery, research findings and more! (cornea.org)
- According to the National Keratoconus Foundation, over 40,000 cornea transplants are done annually in the United States. (opticalzone.net)
- Although the vast majority of cornea transplants are successful, sometimes the new tissue is rejected. (opticalzone.net)
Epithelial2
- The cornea showed a large central epithelial defect with underlying stromal infiltrate and Descemet folds. (cdc.gov)
- Injected conjunctiva (redness) of the right and left eye (top row) Diffuse staining of the cornea with green dye indicating epithelial damage (bottom row). (scitechdaily.com)
Iris1
- The cornea is a clear outer layer of the eye that lies in front of the iris and pupil. (tourmyindia.com)
Inflammation1
- In a paper published in the journal of Ocular Immunology and Inflammation , physicians from the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine reported that several patients using germicidal lamps in an attempt to sanitize against the coronavirus, developed painful inflammation of the cornea, a condition called photokeratitis. (scitechdaily.com)
Irregular2
- For eyes with highly irregular corneas, better lens centration and stability may be attained with scleral lenses than corneal lenses. (crstodayeurope.com)
- Astigmatism often occurs as a result of an irregular corneal surface, and adjustments may be made to the sutures around the new cornea in an effort to reduce this problem. (opticalzone.net)
Procedure2
- When conditions occur to this area, patients may be told by their doctor that they could benefit from the cornea transplant procedure. (northsuburbaneye.com)
- If you are facing the possibility of undergoing the cornea transplant procedure and want to learn more about the process and results, we welcome you to book a consultation with our providers at North Suburban Eye Associates, PC. (northsuburbaneye.com)
Search1
- These images are a random sampling from a Bing search on the term "Cornea. (fpnotebook.com)
Diagnosis2
- It's a question that comes up quite frequently once patients hear the diagnosis that often leads to a cornea transplant. (cornea.org)
- Patients who visit an ophthalmologist in the communities of Massachusetts with concerns such as blurred vision, eye pain, or cloudiness may discover through a proper evaluation and diagnosis that they have experienced damage to their cornea. (northsuburbaneye.com)
Lens3
- This proved to be the case for a young woman in the United Kingdom, whose cornea was ripped when her contact lens became stuck to it, after keeping her lenses in her eyes for two hours longer than recommended. (naturalnews.com)
- In other words, a large diameter delivers the desired vision benefits without requiring the lens to sit on the cornea itself (Figures 1-3). (crstodayeurope.com)
- A lack of contact between the scleral lens and the highly innervated cornea also generally decreases patient awareness of the lens on their eye, increases their comfort, and reduces their lens adaptation time. (crstodayeurope.com)
Layer1
- Your cornea is the outermost layer of your eye. (medlineplus.gov)
Vision10
- In the new Cornea Q&A Series, Dr. Price and Marianne Price explain the history, purpose and goals of the Cornea Research Foundation and what lies ahead in vision research. (cornea.org)
- If the cornea is damaged due to any eye ailment or eye injury, it can become swollen, scarred, and severely affect the vision. (tourmyindia.com)
- A cornea transplant can reduce pain and help restore clear vision. (tourmyindia.com)
- 23-year-old graduate student Meabh McHugh-Hill was nearly blinded as a result of the accident, but her vision has thankfully fully recovered since the cornea tear. (naturalnews.com)
- If you are vision-impaired or have some other impairment covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act or a similar law, and you wish to discuss potential accommodations related to using this website, please contact our Accessibility Manager at (800) 8-CORNEA . (chicagocornea.com)
- When the cornea is extremely scarred or damaged, a corneal transplant is needed to restore functional vision. (opticalzone.net)
- At the beginning, vision is blurry and the transplant site is often swollen and thicker than the rest of the cornea. (opticalzone.net)
- Vision improvement after a cornea transplant is a process that can last up to one year later. (opticalzone.net)
- A donated cornea is placed to restore one's vision and eye health. (northsuburbaneye.com)
- It is very common for the cornea to end up with significant irregularity, causing a change in refraction as well as distortion of the vision. (cornearevolution.com)
Dome-shaped2
- Keratoconus is a noninflammatory eye condition in which the normally round dome-shaped clear window of the eye (cornea) progressively thins, causing a cone-like bulge to develop. (sanmarservicesltd.com)
- The cornea is best described as a clear, dome-shaped area of the eye. (northsuburbaneye.com)
Contact lenses1
- If you wear contact lenses, they float on top of your corneas. (medlineplus.gov)
Patient1
- The second patient, a man aged 80 years, was determined on routine evaluation 1 day after surgery to have decreased visual acuity (20/400) and probable early endophthalmitis in the eye in which the cornea was transplanted. (cdc.gov)
Light3
- He had increased intraocular pressure and decreased light perception in the eye in which the cornea was transplanted. (cdc.gov)
- Cornea functions like a window that protects the eyes against dirt, germs, other particles, and damaging UV light. (tourmyindia.com)
- The cornea is responsible for protecting the eye from UV light and particles. (northsuburbaneye.com)
Patients2
- The corneas used for both patients were recovered from one donor, a woman aged 55 years who died from metastatic colon cancer. (cdc.gov)
- Lenses that sit on the cornea are typically less comfortable than scleral lenses and are therefore problematic for patients with corneal irritation or irregularly shaped corneas. (crstodayeurope.com)
Clear1
- Complete reepithelization was observed, and corneas remained clear after treatment in all groups. (bvsalud.org)
Foundation2
- This project was primarily funded by an independent educational grant by the Asia Cornea Foundation. (lww.com)
- Who is the Cornea Research Foundation? (cornea.org)
Area1
- All groups underwent deepithelialization of an 8 mm diameter area in the central cornea . (bvsalud.org)
Extremely1
- Topographic guided ablation (Contoura) of RK utilizing the San Diego Protocol created and published by Dr. Motwani has been very successful at treating even extremely severe irregularities of the cornea. (cornearevolution.com)
Removal1
- However, when the majority of the cornea is damaged, a more comprehensive removal may still be necessary to facilitate a successful transplant. (opticalzone.net)
Health1
- https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/health/files/policies/docs/ev_20191017_co04_en.pdf. (who.int)
Immediately1
- Both cornea recipients received post-exposure prophylaxis immediately after it was confirmed that the cornea they received was from a donor suspected of dying from rabies. (cdc.gov)