Unstable isotopes of copper that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Cu atoms with atomic weights 58-62, 64, and 66-68 are radioactive copper isotopes.
A heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55.
Isotopes that exhibit radioactivity and undergo radioactive decay. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed & McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Unstable isotopes of zinc that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Zn atoms with atomic weights 60-63, 65, 69, 71, and 72 are radioactive zinc isotopes.
A sulfate salt of copper. It is a potent emetic and is used as an antidote for poisoning by phosphorus. It also can be used to prevent the growth of algae.
Method for assessing flow through a system by injection of a known quantity of radionuclide into the system and monitoring its concentration over time at a specific point in the system. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Unstable isotopes of strontium that decay or disintegrate spontaneously emitting radiation. Sr 80-83, 85, and 89-95 are radioactive strontium isotopes.
Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. I atoms with atomic weights 117-139, except I 127, are radioactive iodine isotopes.
Unstable isotopes of krypton that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Kr atoms with atomic weights 74-77, 79, 81, 85, and 87-94 are radioactive krypton isotopes.
Unstable isotopes of indium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. In atoms with atomic weights 106-112, 113m, 114, and 116-124 are radioactive indium isotopes.
Unstable isotopes of sodium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Na atoms with atomic weights 20-22 and 24-26 are radioactive sodium isotopes.
The spontaneous transformation of a nuclide into one or more different nuclides, accompanied by either the emission of particles from the nucleus, nuclear capture or ejection of orbital electrons, or fission. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Unstable isotopes of barium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Ba atoms with atomic weights 126-129, 131, 133, and 139-143 are radioactive barium isotopes.
The production of an image obtained by cameras that detect the radioactive emissions of an injected radionuclide as it has distributed differentially throughout tissues in the body. The image obtained from a moving detector is called a scan, while the image obtained from a stationary camera device is called a scintiphotograph.
Unstable isotopes of yttrium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Y atoms with atomic weights 82-88 and 90-96 are radioactive yttrium isotopes.
Unstable isotopes of tin that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Sn atoms with atomic weights 108-111, 113, 120-121, 123 and 125-128 are tin radioisotopes.
Unstable isotopes of iron that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Fe atoms with atomic weights 52, 53, 55, and 59-61 are radioactive iron isotopes.
Unstable isotopes of carbon that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. C atoms with atomic weights 10, 11, and 14-16 are radioactive carbon isotopes.
Unstable isotopes of phosphorus that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. P atoms with atomic weights 28-34 except 31 are radioactive phosphorus isotopes.
High energy POSITRONS or ELECTRONS ejected from a disintegrating atomic nucleus.
The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of URANIUM. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, atomic number 43, and atomic weight 98.91. All technetium isotopes are radioactive. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) which is the decay product of Molybdenum 99, has a half-life of about 6 hours and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium 99 which is a decay product of technetium 99m, has a half-life of 210,000 years.
Unstable isotopes of mercury that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Hg atoms with atomic weights 185-195, 197, 203, 205, and 206 are radioactive mercury isotopes.
A gamma-emitting radionuclide imaging agent used for the diagnosis of diseases in many tissues, particularly in the gastrointestinal system, liver, and spleen.
Stable cesium atoms that have the same atomic number as the element cesium, but differ in atomic weight. Cs-133 is a naturally occurring isotope.
Unstable isotopes of cerium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Ce atoms with atomic weights 132-135, 137, 139, and 141-148 are radioactive cerium isotopes.
Stable cobalt atoms that have the same atomic number as the element cobalt, but differ in atomic weight. Co-59 is a stable cobalt isotope.
Hafnium. A metal element of atomic number 72 and atomic weight 178.49, symbol Hf. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.
Unstable isotopes of gold that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Au 185-196, 198-201, and 203 are radioactive gold isotopes.
Stable zinc atoms that have the same atomic number as the element zinc, but differ in atomic weight. Zn-66-68, and 70 are stable zinc isotopes.
Techniques for labeling a substance with a stable or radioactive isotope. It is not used for articles involving labeled substances unless the methods of labeling are substantively discussed. Tracers that may be labeled include chemical substances, cells, or microorganisms.
Unstable isotopes of lead that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Pb atoms with atomic weights 194-203, 205, and 209-214 are radioactive lead isotopes.
Any diagnostic evaluation using radioactive (unstable) isotopes. This diagnosis includes many nuclear medicine procedures as well as radioimmunoassay tests.
Unstable isotopes of sulfur that decay or disintegrate spontaneously emitting radiation. S 29-31, 35, 37, and 38 are radioactive sulfur isotopes.
Membrane proteins whose primary function is to facilitate the transport of positively charged molecules (cations) across a biological membrane.
Unstable isotopes of cadmium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Cd atoms with atomic weights 103-105, 107, 109, 115, and 117-119 are radioactive cadmium isotopes.
Astatine. A radioactive halogen with the atomic symbol At, atomic number 85, and atomic weight 210. Its isotopes range in mass number from 200 to 219 and all have an extremely short half-life. Astatine may be of use in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.
Radiotherapy where cytotoxic radionuclides are linked to antibodies in order to deliver toxins directly to tumor targets. Therapy with targeted radiation rather than antibody-targeted toxins (IMMUNOTOXINS) has the advantage that adjacent tumor cells, which lack the appropriate antigenic determinants, can be destroyed by radiation cross-fire. Radioimmunotherapy is sometimes called targeted radiotherapy, but this latter term can also refer to radionuclides linked to non-immune molecules (see RADIOTHERAPY).
A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the Wilson disease protein. The overload of copper inevitably leads to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as LIVER CIRRHOSIS; TREMOR; ATAXIA and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years.
Lutetium. An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Lu, atomic number 71, and atomic weight 175.
Rhenium. A metal, atomic number 75, atomic weight 186.2, symbol Re. (Dorland, 28th ed)
An inherited disorder of copper metabolism transmitted as an X-linked trait and characterized by the infantile onset of HYPOTHERMIA, feeding difficulties, hypotonia, SEIZURES, bony deformities, pili torti (twisted hair), and severely impaired intellectual development. Defective copper transport across plasma and endoplasmic reticulum membranes results in copper being unavailable for the synthesis of several copper containing enzymes, including PROTEIN-LYSINE 6-OXIDASE; CERULOPLASMIN; and SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE. Pathologic changes include defects in arterial elastin, neuronal loss, and gliosis. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p125)
Samarium. An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sm, atomic number 62, and atomic weight 150.36. The oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors.
Compounds that are used in medicine as sources of radiation for radiotherapy and for diagnostic purposes. They have numerous uses in research and industry. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1161)
Pollutants, present in soil, which exhibit radioactivity.
Atomic species differing in mass number but having the same atomic number. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Unstable isotopes of bromine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Br atoms with atomic weights 74-78, 80, and 82-90 are radioactive bromine isotopes.
Detection and counting of scintillations produced in a fluorescent material by ionizing radiation.
Leakage and accumulation of CEREBROSPINAL FLUID in the subdural space which may be associated with an infectious process; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; INTRACRANIAL HYPOTENSION; and other conditions.
Stable calcium atoms that have the same atomic number as the element calcium, but differ in atomic weight. Ca-42-44, 46, and 48 are stable calcium isotopes.
Liquid, solid, or gaseous waste resulting from mining of radioactive ore, production of reactor fuel materials, reactor operation, processing of irradiated reactor fuels, and related operations, and from use of radioactive materials in research, industry, and medicine. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Normal human serum albumin mildly iodinated with radioactive iodine (131-I) which has a half-life of 8 days, and emits beta and gamma rays. It is used as a diagnostic aid in blood volume determination. (from Merck Index, 11th ed)
Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.
Unstable isotopes of ruthenium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Ru atoms with atomic weights 93-95, 97, 103, and 105-108 are radioactive ruthenium isotopes.
Techniques used to determine the age of materials, based on the content and half-lives of the RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES they contain.
Unstable isotopes of selenium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Se atoms with atomic weights 70-73, 75, 79, 81, and 83-85 are radioactive selenium isotopes.
Positively charged particles composed of two protons and two NEUTRONS, i.e. equivalent to HELIUM nuclei, which are emitted during disintegration of heavy ISOTOPES. Alpha rays have very strong ionizing power, but weak penetrability.
Tungsten. A metallic element with the atomic symbol W, atomic number 74, and atomic weight 183.85. It is used in many manufacturing applications, including increasing the hardness, toughness, and tensile strength of steel; manufacture of filaments for incandescent light bulbs; and in contact points for automotive and electrical apparatus.
An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.
A class of organic compounds containing a ring structure made up of more than one kind of atom, usually carbon plus another atom. The ring structure can be aromatic or nonaromatic.
A gamma-emitting radionuclide imaging agent used for the diagnosis of diseases in many tissues, particularly in the gastrointestinal system, cardiovascular and cerebral circulation, brain, thyroid, and joints.
A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN.
A class of compounds of the type R-M, where a C atom is joined directly to any other element except H, C, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I, or At. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
A type of high-energy radiotherapy using a beam of gamma-radiation produced by a radioisotope source encapsulated within a teletherapy unit.
A series of steps taken in order to conduct research.
Determination of the energy distribution of gamma rays emitted by nuclei. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
A specialty field of radiology concerned with diagnostic, therapeutic, and investigative use of radioactive compounds in a pharmaceutical form.
A technetium imaging agent used in renal scintigraphy, computed tomography, lung ventilation imaging, gastrointestinal scintigraphy, and many other procedures which employ radionuclide imaging agents.
Intrauterine contraceptive devices that depend on the release of metallic copper.
The measurement of radiation by photography, as in x-ray film and film badge, by Geiger-Mueller tube, and by SCINTILLATION COUNTING.
Uptake of substances through the lining of the INTESTINES.
Compounds that contain the triphenylmethane aniline structure found in rosaniline. Many of them have a characteristic magenta color and are used as COLORING AGENTS.
A form species of spore-producing CYANOBACTERIA, in the family Nostocaceae, order Nostocales. It is an important source of fixed NITROGEN in nutrient-depleted soils. When wet, it appears as a jelly-like mass.
Measurement of radioactivity in the entire human body.
Unstable isotopes of potassium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. K atoms with atomic weights 37, 38, 40, and 42-45 are radioactive potassium isotopes.
A low-molecular-weight (approx. 10 kD) protein occurring in the cytoplasm of kidney cortex and liver. It is rich in cysteinyl residues and contains no aromatic amino acids. Metallothionein shows high affinity for bivalent heavy metals.
A bacterial protein from Pseudomonas, Bordetella, or Alcaligenes which operates as an electron transfer unit associated with the cytochrome chain. The protein has a molecular weight of approximately 16,000, contains a single copper atom, is intensively blue, and has a fluorescence emission band centered at 308nm.
The physical or physiological processes by which substances, tissue, cells, etc. take up or take in other substances or energy.
An iodine-containing compound used in pyelography as a radiopaque medium. If labeled with radioiodine, it can be used for studies of renal function.
Stable carbon atoms that have the same atomic number as the element carbon, but differ in atomic weight. C-13 is a stable carbon isotope.
An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the reaction between superoxide anions and hydrogen to yield molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. The enzyme protects the cell against dangerous levels of superoxide. EC 1.15.1.1.
A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 pharmacokinetics, radiation dosimetry, toxicity and tumor regression in patients with lymphoma. (1/245)

Lym-1, a monoclonal antibody that preferentially targets malignant lymphocytes, has induced therapeutic responses and prolonged survival in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma when labeled with 1311. Radiometal-labeled antibodies provide higher tumor radiation doses than corresponding 1311 antibodies. 67Cu has an exceptional combination of properties desirable for radioimmunotherapy, including gamma and beta emissions for imaging and therapy, respectively, a biocompatible half-time and absence of pathways contributing to myelotoxicity. The radioimmunoconjugate, 67Cu-21T-BAT-Lym-1, has been shown to be efficacious in nude mice bearing human Burkitt's lymphoma (Raji) xenografts. Based on these results, a clinical study of the pharmacokinetics and dosimetry of 67Cu-21T-BAT-Lym-1 in patients with lymphoma was initiated. METHODS: Eleven patients with advanced stage 3 or 4 lymphoma were given a preload dose of unmodified Lym-1, then an imaging dose of 126-533 MBq (3.4-14.4 mCi) 67Cu-21T-BAT-Lym-1. Total Lym-1 ranged from 25 to 70 mg dependent on the specific activity of the radioimmunoconjugate and was infused at a rate of 0.5-1 mg/min. Imaging, physical examination, including caliper measurement of superficial tumors, and analysis of blood, urine and fecal samples were performed for a period of 6-13 d after infusion to assess pharmacokinetics, radiation dosimetry, toxicity and tumor regression. RESULTS: In 7 patients, in whom superficial tumors had been accurately measured, tumors regressed from 18% to 75% (mean 48%) within several days of 67Cu-21T-BAT-Lym-1 infusion. The uptake and biological half-time of 67Cu-21T-BAT-Lym-1 in tumors were greater than those of normal tissues, except the mean liver half-time exceeded the mean tumor half-time. The mean tumor-to-marrow radiation ratio was 32:1, tumor-to-total body was 24:1 and tumor-to-liver was 1.5:1. Images were of very good quality; tumors and normal organs were readily identified. Mild and transient Lym-1 toxicity occurred in 6 patients; 1 patient developed a human antimouse antibody. There were no significant changes in blood counts or serum chemistries indicative of radiation toxicity. CONCLUSION: Because of the long residence time of 67Cu-21T-BAT-Lym-1 in tumors, high therapeutic ratios were achieved and, remarkably, numerous tumor regressions were observed after imaging doses. The results indicate considerable therapeutic potential for 67Cu-21T-BAT-Lym-1.  (+info)

67Cu-versus 131I-labeled Lym-1 antibody: comparative pharmacokinetics and dosimetry in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. (2/245)

Antilymphoma mouse monoclonal antibody (MoAb) Lym-1, labeled with 67Cu or 131I, has demonstrated promising results in radioimmunotherapy (RIT) for lymphoma. Although 131I has played a central role in RIT thus far, some properties of 67Cu are preferable. A subset of our patients received both 67Cu- and 131I-labeled Lym-1, allowing a comparative evaluation of the two radiopharmaceuticals administered to a matched population of patients. Four patients with B-lymphocytic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that had progressed despite standard therapy entered trials of 67Cu- and 131I-labeled Lym-1, which were injected 3-26 days apart. Lym-1 was conjugated to 6-[p-(bromoacetamido)benzyl]-1,4,7,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-N,N ',N",N'"-tetraacetic acid (BAT) via 2-iminothiolane (2IT) and radiolabeled with 67Cu to prepare 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1; 131I-Lym-1 was preparred by the chloramine-T reaction. Planar imaging was used to quantitate 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 or 131I-Lym-1 in organs and tumors daily for 3 days or longer. 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 exhibited higher peak concentration in 92% (12 of 13) of tumors and a longer biological half-time in every tumor than 131I-Lym-1. The mean tumor concentration (%ID/g) of 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 was 1.7, 2.2, and 2.8 times that of 131I-Lym-1 at 0, 24, and 48 h after injection, respectively. The mean biological half-times of 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 and 131I-Lym-1 in tumor were 8.8 and 2.3 days, respectively. Consequently, the mean tumor radiation dose delivered by 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 was twice that of 131I-Lym-1, 2.8 (range 0.8-6.7), and 1.4 (range 0.4-35) Gy/GBq, respectively. 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 delivered a lower marrow radiation dose than 131I-Lym-1; hence, the tumor:marrow therapeutic indices were 29 and 9.7, respectively. Radiation doses from 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 and 131I-Lym-1 to normal tissues were similar except for liver, which received a higher dose from 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1. Images obtained with 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 were superior. Radiation dosimetry data for 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 and 131I-Lym-1 agreed with corresponding data from the larger populations of patients from which the matched population for the current study was drawn. In conclusion, 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 given to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients in close temporal proximity to 131I-Lym-1 exhibited greater uptake and longer retention in tumor, resulting in higher radiation dose and therapeutic index than 131I-Lym-1. These as well as other factors suggest that 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 may be superior to 131I-Lym-1 for RIT.  (+info)

Practical determination of patient-specific marrow dose using radioactivity concentration in blood and body. (3/245)

Accurate determination of red marrow radiation is important because myelotoxicity is often dose limiting in radioimmunotherapy. The S-value methodology assumes a fixed red marrow mass as defined by the standard Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) mathematic phantom. Substantial error can be introduced in marrow radiation estimates because red marrow mass varies from patient to patient. In this work we describe a patient-specific marrow dosimetry methodology that does not require an explicit estimate of marrow mass. METHODS: Photon radiation to marrow from all sources can be considered as the total body to marrow. Based on photon radiation from body and electron radiation from blood, a patient-specific marrow dose can be determined by counting blood and total body radioactivity and measuring body weight. RESULTS: The deviation in marrow dose calculation using total body to represent all photon radiation was 3.9% in 66 patients administered 131I-labeled antibodies and was 9.1% in 18 patients administered 67Cu-labeled antibodies. The differences between this patient-specific approach and estimates based on standard anatomy were considerable, ranging from -35% to 88%. The differences were greater when patients' weights differed substantially from the MIRD reference man phantom. CONCLUSION: For radiopharmaceuticals that do not bind marrow, patient-specific marrow dosimetry can be independent of the actual marrow mass of a patient. Patient-specific marrow dosimetry can be determined using radioactivity concentration in blood and body.  (+info)

Targeting superficial bladder cancer by the intravesical administration of copper-67-labeled anti-MUC1 mucin monoclonal antibody C595. (4/245)

PURPOSE: More effective intravesical agents are required to limit the recurrence and progression of superficial bladder cancer. This study assessed the ability of copper-67 ((67)Cu)-C595 murine antimucin monoclonal antibody to bind selectively to superficial bladder tumors when administered intravesically, with a view to its development for therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Approximately 20 MBq of (67)Cu-C595 monoclonal antibody was administered intravesically to 16 patients with a clinical indication of superficial bladder cancer. After 1 hour, the bladder was drained and irrigated. Tissue uptake was assessed by imaging and by the assay of tumor and normal tissues obtained by endoscopic resection. RESULTS: Tumor was correctly identified in the images of 12 of 15 patients who were subsequently found to have tumors. Assay of biopsy samples at 2 hours showed a mean tumor uptake of 59.4% of the injected dose per kilogram (SD = 48.0), with a tumor-to-normal tissue ratio of 14.6:1 (SD = 20). After 24 hours (n = 5), this decreased to 4.3% of the injected dose per kilogram (SD = 2.9), with a tumor-to-normal tissue ratio of 1.8:1 (SD = 0.8). CONCLUSION: This study indicates a promising method for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer. Although the mean initial tumor uptake was high, effective therapy of bladder tumors will require an increased retention of the cytotoxic radionuclide in tumor tissue.  (+info)

CopA: An Escherichia coli Cu(I)-translocating P-type ATPase. (5/245)

The copA gene product, a putative copper-translocating P-type ATPase, has been shown to be involved in copper resistance in Escherichia coli. The copA gene was disrupted by insertion of a kanamycin gene through homologous recombination. The mutant strain was more sensitive to copper salts but not to salts of other metals, suggesting a role in copper homeostasis. The copper-sensitive phenotype could be rescued by complementation by a plasmid carrying copA from E. coli or copB from Enterococcus hirae. Expression of copA was induced by salts of copper or silver but not zinc or cobalt. Everted membrane vesicles from cells expressing copA exhibited ATP-coupled accumulation of copper, presumably as Cu(I). The results indicate that CopA is a Cu(I)-translocating efflux pump that is similar to the copper pumps related to Menkes and Wilson diseases and provides a useful prokaryotic model for these human diseases.  (+info)

Performance of a 62Zn/62Cu generator in clinical trials of PET perfusion agent 62Cu-PTSM. (6/245)

The 62Zn/62Cu PET generator can be inexpensively produced and distributed from a single production site operating under typical good manufacturing practice guidelines. It therefore has the potential to greatly facilitate development of clinically practical PET. We report generator performance in a study in which 62Cu-pyruvaldehyde-bis(n4-methylthiosemicarbazone (PTSM) myocardial perfusion imaging is compared with 99mTc-sestamibi in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. The 62Zn/62Cu generator is an improved version of a previously reported system that employs automated synthesis of 62Cu-PTSM. With this approach, the cumbersome step of 18C purification has been eliminated. METHODS: The 62Zn (9.3 h half-life) parent isotope is prepared by proton bombardment of natural copper at 33 MeV. A typical target irradiated with 37.5 microA/h is delivered by 12:00 PM on the day it is to be processed. Purified 62Zn obtained from the target is loaded onto the generator column in 2 mol/L HCl. The generator is eluted using an internal three-channel peristaltic pump, which delivers 2.25 mL eluant (1.8 mol/L NaCl, 0.2 mol/L HCl) through the generator column to elute the 62Cu in 40 s. The same pump simultaneously pumps an equal volume of buffer (0.4 mol/L NaOAc) and 1 mL ligand solution (2 ppm PTSM, 2% EtOH) passing it through a septum into a 35-cc syringe preloaded with 28 mL sterile water. This solution is thoroughly mixed by agitation of the syringe and injected as a bolus through a 0.2 microm filter. The generator is eluted twice before shipping, providing quality assurance samples, and shipped to the clinical site by overnight delivery. Complete quality assurance testing is performed the evening before the generator reaches the clinical site. RESULTS: A total of 34 generators have been produced and shipped to 2 clinical sites for a phase III Food and Drug Administration study. The load activity on the generators at 8:00 AM the day of clinical use was 1.7+/-0.2 GBq (46.7+/-5.6 mCi), and yield was 72%+/-16%. Breakthrough of 62Zn was undetectable by high-purity germanium spectroscopy for all units. Radiochemical purity was 95.4%+/-2.4%. Volume delivered, pH, sterility, and bacterial endotoxin tests yielded passing results on all generators. The entire process of generator production, from target receipt to generator shipment, took less than 6 h and cost approximately $1000, including shipping charges and cyclotron cost. A total of 68 patients were injected with 2 62Cu-PTSM doses, with a mean injected activity of 0.8+/-0.2 GBq (20.5+/-5.3 mCi) with no adverse side effects. CONCLUSION: Results of this work confirm that the 62Zn/62Cu generator is an easily produced, transportable, and inexpensive source of PET radiopharmaceuticals, which can expand the field of clinical PET imaging by providing radiopharmaceuticals to sites not associated with cyclotrons.  (+info)

High-resolution microPET imaging of carcinoembryonic antigen-positive xenografts by using a copper-64-labeled engineered antibody fragment. (7/245)

Rapid imaging by antitumor antibodies has been limited by the prolonged targeting kinetics and clearance of labeled whole antibodies. Genetically engineered fragments with rapid access and high retention in tumor tissue combined with rapid blood clearance are suitable for labeling with short-lived radionuclides, including positron-emitting isotopes for positron-emission tomography (PET). An engineered fragment was developed from the high-affinity anticarcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody T84.66. This single-chain variable fragment (Fv)-C(H)3, or minibody, was produced as a bivalent 80 kDa dimer. The macrocyclic chelating agent 1,4,7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N", N"'-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) was conjugated to the anti-CEA minibody for labeling with copper-64, a positron-emitting radionuclide (t(1/2) = 12.7 h). In vivo distribution was evaluated in athymic mice bearing paired LS174T human colon carcinoma (CEA positive) and C6 rat glioma (CEA negative) xenografts. Five hours after injection with (64)Cu-DOTA-minibody, microPET imaging showed high uptake in CEA-positive tumor (17.9% injected dose per gram +/- 3.79) compared with control tumor (6.0% injected dose per gram +/- 1.0). In addition, significant uptake was seen in liver, with low uptake in other tissues. Average target/background ratios relative to neighboring tissue were 3-4:1. Engineered antibody fragments labeled with positron-emitting isotopes such as copper-64 provide a new class of agents for PET imaging of tumors.  (+info)

Gastrointestinal uptake and distribution of copper in rainbow trout. (8/245)

A single dose of radioactive copper ((64)Cu or new Cu) was infused into the stomach of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to model dietary copper (Cu) uptake under conditions of a normal nutritional dose and optimum environmental temperature (16 degrees C, 0.117 microg Cu g(-)(1 )body mass). The distribution of new Cu to the gut and internal organs occurred in two phases: rapid uptake by the gut tissues (almost complete by 24 h post-infusion) followed by slower uptake by the internal organs. By 72 h, 60 % of the dose had been excreted, 19 % was still retained in the gut tissue, 10 % remained in the lumen and 12 % had been absorbed across the gut and partitioned amongst the internal organs. A reduction in water temperature of 10 degrees C (to 6 degrees C) significantly retarded components of new Cu distribution (movement of the bolus along the gut and excretion); nonetheless, by 72 h, the fraction absorbed by all the internal organs was similar to that at 16 degrees C. An increase in water temperature of 3 degrees C (to 19 degrees C) caused a pronounced increase in internal organ uptake by 24 h to approximately double the uptake occurring at 16 degrees C. The uptake of new Cu by the gut tissue had a low temperature coefficient (Q(10)<1) consistent with simple diffusion, while the temperature coefficient for transfer of new Cu from gut tissue to the internal organs was high (Q(10)>2), consistent with facilitated transport. Internally, the liver and gall bladder (including bile) were the target organs for dietary Cu partitioning since they were the only organs that concentrated new Cu from the plasma. Individual tissues differed in terms of the exchange of their background Cu pools with new Cu. The background Cu in the walls of the gastrointestinal tract (excluding stomach) exchanged 45-94 % with new Cu from the gut lumen, while tissues such as the stomach, gills, kidney, carcass and fat had 5-7 % exchangeable background Cu. The liver, heart, spleen, ovary, bile and plasma had only 0.2-0.8 % exchangeable background Cu. The gastrointestinal tissues appear to act as a homeostatic organ, regulating the absorption of nutritional (non-toxic) doses of Cu (0. 117 microg g(-)(1 )body mass day(-)(1)) by the internal organs. Within the dose range we used and at optimal temperature (16 degrees C), the new Cu content of the gut tissues fluctuated, but absorption of new Cu by the internal organs remained relatively constant. For example, predosing the fish with non-radioactive Cu caused new Cu absorption by the gut tissues to double and decreased new Cu excretion from 38 to 1.5 %, but had no effect on new Cu uptake by the internal organs. Feeding fish after application of the normal liquid dose of new Cu also had no effect on new Cu uptake by the internal organs, even though the presence of food in the digestive tract reduced the binding of new Cu to the gut tissues and assisted with the excretion of new Cu. The gut was therefore able to regulate new Cu internalization at this dosage. Higher new Cu doses (10, 100 and 1000 times the normal dose), however, evoked regurgitation and increased new Cu excretion within 4 h of application but did not elevate new Cu levels in gut tissue beyond a threshold of approximately 40 microg of new Cu. Only at the highest dose (1000 times the normal dose, 192 microg g(-)(1 )body mass), equivalent to toxic concentrations in the daily diet (7000 microg Cu g(-)(1 )dry mass food), was the buffering capacity of the gut overwhelmed, resulting in an increase in internal new Cu uptake.  (+info)

The hepatolenticular tract is a complex system of nerve fibers that connect the liver and other organs in the body, allowing for the exchange of information and coordination of bodily functions. HLD occurs when these nerve fibers are damaged or destroyed, leading to problems with brain function and communication.

The symptoms of HLD can vary depending on the severity of the damage and the specific areas of the brain affected. Common symptoms include difficulty with memory and cognitive function, poor coordination and balance, and changes in behavior and personality. In severe cases, HLD can lead to coma or even death.

There is currently no cure for HLD, but there are several treatments available that can help manage the symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. These may include medications to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as physical therapy and rehabilitation to improve cognitive and motor function. In some cases, liver transplantation may be necessary to treat underlying liver disease.

Overall, hepatobilayer degeneration is a serious condition that can have significant effects on brain function and quality of life. If you suspect that you or someone you know may be experiencing symptoms of HLD, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible to receive an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

The main symptoms of Menkes syndrome are:

1. Steel-gray or kinky hair, which starts to appear within the first few months of life.
2. Failure to thrive, poor muscle tone, and low birth weight.
3. Developmental delays and intellectual disability.
4. Seizures and poor coordination.
5. Poor immune function and recurrent infections.
6. Gradual loss of vision and hearing.
7. Osteoporosis and fragile bones.
8. Increased risk of liver disease, including cirrhosis and portal hypertension.

The diagnosis of Menkes syndrome is based on a combination of clinical findings, laboratory tests, and genetic analysis. Treatment is focused on managing the symptoms and preventing complications, and may include copper supplements, anticonvulsants, and other medications.

The prognosis for Menkes syndrome is poor, with most individuals dying in childhood or adolescence due to complications such as liver disease, infections, or seizures. However, some individuals may live into their 20s or 30s with appropriate management and care.

Subdural effusion is a condition where there is an accumulation of fluid between the dura mater, the protective covering of the brain, and the skull. This fluid can be cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or blood. The excess fluid can cause pressure on the brain, leading to various symptoms such as headaches, nausea, vomiting, and confusion.

There are several causes of subdural effusion, including:

1. Traumatic brain injury: A blow to the head can cause the veins in the dura mater to tear, leading to bleeding or fluid accumulation.
2. Infections such as meningitis or encephalitis: These infections can cause inflammation and fluid buildup in the dura mater.
3. Tumors: Both benign and malignant tumors can cause subdural effusion by obstructing the flow of CSF or by causing inflammation.
4. Hydrocephalus: This is a condition where there is an abnormal accumulation of CSF in the brain, leading to increased intracranial pressure and fluid buildup in the dura mater.
5. Spinal or cerebral vasculature disorders: Conditions such as stroke, aneurysm, or arteriovenous malformation can cause subdural effusion by disrupting the flow of blood or CSF.

Symptoms of subdural effusion can vary depending on the location and severity of the fluid accumulation. Common symptoms include:

1. Headache: This is the most common symptom, which can range from mild to severe.
2. Nausea and vomiting: Patients may experience nausea and vomiting due to the pressure on the brain.
3. Confusion and disorientation: Subdural effusion can cause confusion, disorientation, and difficulty with concentration and memory.
4. Weakness or numbness: Patients may experience weakness or numbness in the arms or legs due to the pressure on the brain.
5. Seizures: In some cases, subdural effusion can cause seizures.

Diagnosis of subdural effusion typically involves a combination of physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Imaging studies, such as CT or MRI scans, are used to confirm the presence of fluid accumulation in the subdural space. Laboratory tests, such as electrolyte panels and blood counts, may be ordered to rule out other conditions that can cause similar symptoms.

Treatment of subdural effusion depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, conservative management with supportive care, such as fluid and electrolyte replacement, pain management, and seizure control, may be sufficient. Surgical intervention may be necessary in more severe cases or if there is no response to conservative management.

Surgery for subdural effusion involves draining the excess fluid and repairing any underlying blood vessel ruptures or tears. In some cases, a shunt may be inserted to help drain excess fluid and relieve pressure on the brain. Postoperatively, patients may require close monitoring in an intensive care unit and may need to undergo rehabilitation to regain lost function and mobility.

Prevention of subdural effusion is challenging, as many of the underlying causes are unpredictable and unavoidable. However, prompt recognition and management of the condition can help prevent complications and improve outcomes. In some cases, prophylactic measures such as corticosteroid therapy or anticonvulsant medications may be used to reduce the risk of developing subdural effusion.

Overall, subdural effusion is a serious medical condition that requires prompt recognition and management to prevent complications and improve outcomes. A multidisciplinary approach involving neurologists, neurosurgeons, rehabilitation specialists, and other healthcare professionals may be necessary to provide comprehensive care for patients with this condition.

Some common examples of inborn errors of metal metabolism include:

1. Hemochromatosis: This is a condition where the body absorbs too much iron from food and stores it in organs such as the liver, heart, and pancreas, leading to damage and potentially life-threatening complications.
2. Wilson's disease: This is a condition where the body has difficulty excreting copper, leading to excessive levels of copper buildup in the liver, brain, and other organs.
3. Menkes disease: This is a condition where the body has difficulty absorbing copper, leading to low levels of copper in the blood and potentially life-threatening health problems.
4. Zinc deficiency: This is a condition where the body has difficulty absorbing or processing zinc, an essential mineral important for growth and development.
5. Lead poisoning: This is a condition where the body has been exposed to high levels of lead, a toxic metal that can damage the brain, nervous system, and other organs.

Treatment for inborn errors of metal metabolism typically involves managing symptoms, correcting nutritional deficiencies or excesses, and monitoring for complications. In some cases, medication or surgery may be necessary to treat underlying conditions or manage symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent or reduce the risk of long-term health problems associated with these disorders.

Copper (29Cu) has two stable isotopes, 63Cu and 65Cu, along with 27 radioisotopes. The most stable radioisotope is 67Cu with a ... ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9. Application of Copper radioisotopes in Medicine (Review Paper): Pejman Rowshanfarzad; Mahsheed Sabet; ... Articles with short description, Short description with empty Wikidata description, Isotopes of copper, Copper, Lists of ... Copper offers a relatively large number of radioisotopes that are potentially suitable for use in nuclear medicine. There is a ...
The list cites air pollution by particulates, including radioisotopes strontium-90, and caesium-137; the metals nickel, copper ... balls of native copper), has been discovered near Lake Pyasino. In the 16th-17th centuries, copper from the Norilsk deposits ... Enriched nickel and copper are transported from Dudinka to Murmansk by sea, and from there to the Monchegorsk enrichment and ... 2 copper and nickel smelters (in the Nadezhda complex), which led to substantial numbers of Finnish metallurgical and ...
Chelators for Copper Radioisotopes with Fast Complexation". Inorganic Chemistry. 59 (12): 8432-8443. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem. ...
Dearling, Jason L.; Lewis, Jason S.; Mullen, Gregory E.; Welch, Michael J.; Blower, Philip J. (20 April 2014). "Copper bis( ... They have also been identified as potential ligands for radioisotope delivery, with selectivity towards hypoxic tissues, ... "In Vitro and in Vivo Anticancer Activity of Copper Bis(thiosemicarbazone) Complexes". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 56 (3): ... "Studies on the Mechanism of Hypoxic Selectivity in Copper Bis(Thiosemicarbazone) Radiopharmaceuticals". Journal of Medicinal ...
The zinc core is coated with a thin layer of copper to give the appearance of a copper coin. In 1994, 33,200 tonnes (36,600 ... 65 Zn, which has a half-life of 243.66 days, is the least active radioisotope, followed by 72 Zn with a half-life of 46.5 hours ... Consumption of excess zinc may cause ataxia, lethargy, and copper deficiency. Brass, an alloy of copper and zinc in various ... n 30Zn + e− → n 29Cu The most common decay mode of a radioisotope of zinc with mass number higher than 66 is beta decay (β−), ...
Phosphors containing copper-doped zinc sulfide (ZnS:Cu) yield blue-green light; copper and manganese-doped zinc sulfide (ZnS:Cu ... The particle usually comes from the radioactive decay of an atom of a radioisotope, an isotope of an element which is ... Radium was used in luminous paint until the 1960s, when it was replaced with the other radioisotopes above due to health ... Beginning in 1908, luminous paint containing a mixture of radium and copper-doped zinc sulfide was used to paint watch faces ...
Copper: Copper anemia in infants results from infants with a poor diet and can cause heart disease. Metal ions are often used ... 99mTc is the most commonly used radioisotope agent for imaging purposes. It has a short half-life, emits only gamma ray photons ... Gold, Silver, Copper: Phosphine ligand compounds containing gold, silver, and copper have anti-cancer properties. Lanthanum: ... Examples of specific types of toxic metals include: Copper: copper toxicity usually presents itself as a side effect of low ...
Twenty-two radioisotopes have been characterized: the most stable, 60Co, has a half-life of 5.2714 years; 57Co has a half-life ... Blue glass from Egypt was either colored with copper, iron, or cobalt. The oldest cobalt-colored glass is from the eighteenth ... Cobalt-57 (Co-57 or 57Co) is a cobalt radioisotope most often used in medical tests, as a radiolabel for vitamin B12 uptake, ... Subsequent roasting converts the ores to cobalt sulfate, and the copper and the iron are oxidized to the oxide. Leaching with ...
Mixing about 2.0% beryllium into copper forms an alloy called beryllium copper that is six times stronger than copper alone. ... natural beryllium bombarded either by alphas or gammas from a suitable radioisotope is a key component of most radioisotope- ... When added as an alloying element to aluminium, copper (notably the alloy beryllium copper), iron, or nickel, beryllium ... Beryllium-copper alloys were also applied as a hardening agent in "Jason pistols", which were used to strip the paint from the ...
His basic method is still used today: electricity is generated by the movement of a loop of wire, or disc of copper between the ... team Reactor protection system Nuclear safety in the United States Nuclear power in space Advanced Stirling Radioisotope ... Nuclear fission Nuclear physics Atomic nucleus Ionizing radiation Nuclear fission Radiation Radioactivity Radioisotope ...
96 Qureshi engaged in research about copper-nickel alloys after introducing the lattice dynamical method to evaluate the Cu29/ ... Electrochemical Analysis lab and radioisotope production labs.: 96 The Analytical Chemistry Laboratory was later certified by ...
The radioisotope iodine-131, which has a high fission product yield, concentrates in the thyroid, and is one of the most ... The firstalloy, used in large scale since 3000 BC, was bronze, an alloy of tin and copper. After 600 BC pure metallic tin was ... Most silver is produced as a byproduct of copper, gold, lead, and zinc refining. Silver has long been valued as a precious ... Pewter, which is an alloy of 85-90% tin with the remainder commonly consisting of copper, antimony and lead, was used for ...
Copper in solders forms intermetallic compounds. Supersaturated (by about 1%) solution of copper in tin may be employed to ... Radioisotopes undergoing alpha decay are a concern due to their tendency to cause soft errors. Polonium-210 is especially ... Tin-silver-copper (Sn-Ag-Cu, or SAC) solders are used by two-thirds of Japanese manufacturers for reflow and wave soldering, ... Alloys of copper with either zinc or silver are the most common. In silversmithing or jewelry making, special hard solders are ...
In 1920-1921, George de Hevesy measured self-diffusion using radioisotopes. He studied self-diffusion of radioactive isotopes ... Robert Boyle demonstrated diffusion in solids in the 17th century by penetration of zinc into a copper coin. Nevertheless, ...
... chromium radioisotopes MeSH D01.496.749.256 - cobalt radioisotopes MeSH D01.496.749.270 - copper radioisotopes MeSH D01.496. ... iron radioisotopes MeSH D01.496.749.540 - krypton radioisotopes MeSH D01.496.749.560 - lead radioisotopes MeSH D01.496.749.590 ... xenon radioisotopes MeSH D01.496.749.960 - yttrium radioisotopes MeSH D01.496.749.980 - zinc radioisotopes MeSH D01.496.807.800 ... xenon radioisotopes MeSH D01.496.943.800 - yttrium radioisotopes MeSH D01.496.966.800 - zinc radioisotopes MeSH D01.524.500.040 ...
... alloy of gold and copper Iron pyrite, fool's gold Nordic gold, non-gold copper alloy "Standard Atomic Weights: Gold". CIAAW. ... Thirty-six radioisotopes have been synthesized, ranging in atomic mass from 169 to 205. The most stable of these is 195 Au with ... Fourteen-karat gold-copper alloy is nearly identical in color to certain bronze alloys, and both may be used to produce police ... Most of gold's radioisotopes with atomic masses below 197 decay by some combination of proton emission, α decay, and β+ decay. ...
"5 Year Copper Prices and Copper Price Charts - InvestmentMine". InfoMine. Retrieved 2 May 2015. "Copper Theft Threatens U.S. ... TV screens and in radio isotopes. Demand for these metals appeared to be increasing as computers and mobile phones became more ... "Copper prices London". Retrieved 3 July 2010. "Historical Copper Prices, Copper Prices History". Dow-futures.net. 22 January ... It was also noticed that a copper price bubble was occurring at the same time as the oil bubble. Copper traded at about $2,500 ...
... radioisotopes are used in some radioisotope thermoelectric generators. Iridium is found in meteorites in much higher ... During electrorefining of copper and nickel, noble metals such as silver, gold and the platinum group metals as well as ... The radioisotope iridium-192 is one of the two most important sources of energy for use in industrial γ-radiography for non- ... At least 37 radioisotopes have also been synthesized, ranging in mass number from 164 to 202. 192Ir, which falls between the ...
ISBN 978-1-4757-6918-0. Copper Development Association. "Leaded Coppers". copper.org. Retrieved 10 July 2016. Cotnoir, B. (2006 ... Lead-205 is the most stable radioisotope, with a half-life of around 1.73×107 years. The second-most stable is lead-202, which ... Copper alloys with larger concentrations of lead are used in bearings. The lead provides lubrication, and the copper provides ... Lead's tensile strength, at 12-17 MPa, is low (that of aluminium is 6 times higher, copper 10 times, and mild steel 15 times ...
Tellurium is added to copper (tellurium copper) and steel alloys to improve their machinability; and to lead to make it harder ... heavy metals are also employed as spallation targets for the production of neutrons or radioisotopes such as astatine (using ... Copper and lead are therefore used, for example, as roofing materials; zinc acts as an anti-corrosion agent in galvanised steel ... Copper, zinc, silver, gold, or mercury are used in antiseptic formulations; small amounts of some heavy metals are used to ...
While radioisotopes had been used in human nutrition research for several decades prior, stable isotopes presented a safer ... Iron, zinc, calcium, copper, magnesium, selenium and molybdenum are among the essential minerals having stable isotopes to ... In soil science 15N tracers are used extensively to study nitrogen cycling, whereas 13C and 14C, stable and radioisotopes of ... Other advantages offered by stable isotopes include the ability to study elements having no suitable radioisotopes and to study ...
Commercially, the primary use of tellurium is copper (tellurium copper) and steel alloys, where it improves machinability. ... A further 31 artificial radioisotopes of tellurium are known, with atomic masses ranging from 104 to 142 and with half-lives of ... Most Te (and Se) is obtained from porphyry copper deposits, where it occurs in trace amounts. The element is recovered from ... The addition of steel and copper produces an alloy more machinable. It is alloyed into cast iron for promoting chill for ...
At least 27 radioisotopes have also been synthesized, ranging in atomic mass from 58 to 89. The most stable of these is 68 Ge ... Some zinc-copper-lead ore bodies contain enough germanium to justify extraction from the final ore concentrate. An unusual ... While it is produced mainly from sphalerite, it is also found in silver, lead, and copper ores. Another source of germanium is ... While most of germanium's radioisotopes decay by beta decay, 61 Ge and 64 Ge decay by β+ delayed proton emission. 84 Ge through ...
Cousins, R. J. (1985). "Absorption, transport, and hepatic metabolism of copper and zinc: Special reference to metallothionein ... Cousins developed techniques to study the synthesis of metal-binding proteins using radioisotopes and differential liquid ...
These are chemical compounds in which one or more atoms have been replaced by a short-lived, positron emitting radioisotope. [ ... Copper-64 DOTA-TATE [68Ga] DOTA-pseudopeptides [68Ga] DOTA-TATE [68Ga] PSMA [68Ga] CXCR4; solid and hematologic cancers [18F] ...
Iridium radioisotopes are used in some radioisotope thermoelectric generators. Iridium is found in meteorites with an abundance ... It occurs in some nickel and copper ores along with some native deposits, mostly in South Africa, which accounts for 80% of the ... Although the element is only mildly toxic, it is a hazardous material as a metal and its radioisotopes present a high health ... Tungsten interferes with molybdenum and copper metabolism, and is somewhat toxic to animal life. Rhenium is a chemical element ...
Most of the remaining radioisotopes have half-lives that are less than a day. 199 Hg and 201 Hg are the most often studied NMR- ... Several other first row transition metals with the exception of manganese, copper and zinc are also resistant in forming ... Both are "one neutron removed" from 197 Hg, a radioisotope which decays to 197 Au, the only known stable isotope of gold. ... There are seven stable isotopes of mercury, with 202 Hg being the most abundant (29.86%). The longest-lived radioisotopes are ...
The most stable radioisotopes are 101Rh with a half-life of 3.3 years, 102Rh with a half-life of 207 days, 102mRh with a half- ... In 2007, rhodium cost approximately eight times more than gold, 450 times more than silver, and 27,250 times more than copper ... Twenty other radioisotopes have been characterized with atomic weights ranging from 92.926 u (93Rh) to 116.925 u (117Rh). Most ... including the copper-nickel sulfide mining area of the Sudbury, Ontario, region. Although the rhodium abundance at Sudbury is ...
Advanced Stirling Radioisotope Generator Radioisotope heater units Tiwari, Pratibha; Gupta, Nishu; Gupta, K.M. (April 2013). " ... In between the inner insulation system and the outer shell, copper connectors form the electrical circuit, which uses a two- ... A large array of SiGe thermocouples/unicouples form a thermopile that was incorporated into the design of radioisotope ... This material is used in the radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs) that power Voyager 1, Voyager 2, Galileo, Ulysses, ...
Type T (copper-constantan) thermocouples are suited for measurements in the −200 to 350 °C range. Often used as a differential ... In a radioisotope thermoelectric generator, the radioactive decay of transuranic elements as a heat source has been used to ... Type-T thermocouples have a sensitivity of about 43 µV/°C. Note that copper has a much higher thermal conductivity than the ... For such cases, a number of thermocouple leads will be brought to a common reference block (a large block of copper) containing ...
33 radioisotopes of neodymium have been detected as of 2022[update], with the most stable radioisotopes being the naturally ... Neodymium is fairly common-about as common as cobalt, nickel, or copper-and is widely distributed in the Earth's crust. Most of ... and two radioisotopes with extremely long half-lives, 144Nd (alpha decay with a half-life (t1/2) of 2.29×1015 years) and 150Nd ...
Detecting either of the long-lived, extra-terrestrial radioisotopes 146Sm or 244Pu in one or more end-Devonian extinction ... Copper, Paul (2002-06-20). "Reef development at the Frasnian/Famennian mass extinction boundary". Palaeogeography, ...
The most common use of nuclear power in space is the use of radioisotope thermoelectric generators, which use radioactive decay ... "The Swedish nuclear waste program and the long-term corrosion behaviour of copper". Journal of Nuclear Materials. 379 (1): 142- ... Nuclear decay processes are used in niche applications such as radioisotope thermoelectric generators in some space probes such ...
Calcium copper titanate K. A. Muller & H. Burkard (1979). "SrTiO3: An intrinsic quantum paraelectric below 4 K". Phys. Rev. B. ... health and safety consequences of decommissioning radioisotope thermal generators (RTGs) in Northwest Russia (PDF), Østerås: ...
It operated for 43 years, producing radioisotopes, undertaking fuels and materials development work for CANDU reactors, and ... in corrosion resistant copper to form containers designed to last at least a 100,000 years. The containers would be encased in ...
The factory there extracted the non-ferrous metals copper and lead from their ores, as well as processing silver and gold. By ... a radioisotope with a half-life of about 140 days), thought to be produced via radioactive decay of naturally occurring ... Tin was the plant's main product; it also produced silver, cadmium, lead, copper, antimony, bismuth, indium, and gold. The ...
Seven radioisotopes have been characterized, the most stable being 8Li with a half-life of 838 ms and 9Li with a half-life of ... Alloys of the metal with aluminium, cadmium, copper and manganese are used to make high-performance, low density aircraft parts ... Bliss, Dominic (28 May 2021). "National Geographic". In Cornwall, ruinous tin and copper mines are yielding battery-grade ...
... and at the copper wire-burning site on the highway. These last three waste sites were cleaned in 1991 at a cost of $187,698. At ... intending to use them in the manufacture of small radioisotope thermoelectric generators. Curtiss-Wright warned Penn State " ... Curtiss-Wright still owned or leased all of Quehanna and sublet land along Quehanna Highway to a firm that recovered copper ...
It was not until Thomson convinced the board that using purer copper for replacing the lost section of cable would improve data ... "Natürliche Radioisotope: die "Atomuhr" für die Bestimmung des absoluten Alters von Gesteinen und archäologischen Funden". ...
However, it should be able to form metal-metal bonds with copper, palladium, platinum, silver, and gold; these bonds are ... Experiments were performed with the simultaneous formation of mercury and radon radioisotopes, allowing a comparison of ...
... radioisotope Radium Radon Radon difluoride Raman spectroscopy Raoult's law Redox Reduction Reflux Reversible reaction Rhazes ... compound combustion pipette computational chemistry Concentration condensation polymer Condensation reaction Cooperite Copper ... Svante Arrhenius Syenite Sylvite synthetic radioisotope systematic element name Tabun Talc Talcum Tantalite Tantalum Tanzanite ...
The average grade of the copper ore processed has dropped from 4.0% copper in 1900 to 1.63% in 1920, 1.20% in 1940, 0.73% in ... Radium has been replaced by much cheaper cobalt-60 and other radioisotopes in radiation treatment. Noncorroding lead as a cable ... Metals such as copper, zinc, nickel, and lead will be obtained from manganese nodules or the Phosphoria formation (sic!). These ... is planning to recover commercial grade material averaging 29.9% zinc, 2.3% lead, and 0.5% copper from massive ocean-bottom ...
As for the metal, copper is an ideal seed particle for any kind of substitution method because of its high mobility and ... NASA is developing a Multi-Mission Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator in which the thermocouples would be made of ... Cuprokalininite (CuCr2S4) is a copper-dominant analogue of the mineral joegoldsteinite. It was recently found within ... and are therefore used in some radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTG) (notably the MHW-RTG and GPHS-RTG) and some other ...
Recent studies show that copper shielding is far more effective than lead and is likely to replace it as the standard material ... in food or liquids absorption of vapours such as tritium oxide through the skin injection of medical radioisotopes such as ... and copper, usually ending with aluminium. Sometimes even lighter materials such as polypropylene or boron carbide are used. In ...
... electromagnetic separator for radio-isotopes, nuclear batteries and radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTG) power source ... copper-chlorinehybrid thermochemical cycles); development of adsorptive gel materials for specific separations; heavy water ... BARC has developed a wide array of nuclear reactor designs for nuclear research, production of radioisotopes, naval propulsion ... radioisotopes in the preparation of agents intended for use as radiopharmaceuticals. Custom preparation of special sources to ...
... production of copper produces an increasing share of the worldwide copper supply. This changes the availability of selenium ... The non-primordial radioisotope 79Se also occurs in minute quantities in uranium ores as a product of nuclear fission. Selenium ... Copper indium gallium selenide is a material used in solar cells. Amorphous selenium (α-Se) thin films have found application ... Selenium is most commonly produced from selenide in many sulfide ores, such as those of copper, nickel, or lead. Electrolytic ...
The most stable radioisotopes are 107Pd with a half-life of 6.5 million years (found in nature), 103Pd with 17 days, and 100Pd ... The most important commercial sources are nickel-copper deposits found in the Sudbury Basin, Ontario, and the Norilsk-Talnakh ... Eighteen other radioisotopes have been characterized with atomic weights ranging from 90.94948(64) u (91Pd) to 122.93426(64) u ... Genkin, A. D.; Evstigneeva, T. L. (1986). "Associations of platinum- group minerals of the Norilsk copper-nickel sulfide ores ...
The precipitation of copper in ancient silver can be used to date artifacts, as copper is nearly always a constituent of silver ... Twenty-eight radioisotopes have been characterized, the most stable being 105Ag with a half-life of 41.29 days, 111Ag with a ... Its reactivity is intermediate between that of copper (which forms copper(I) oxide when heated in air to red heat) and gold. ... For example, in copper production, purified copper is electrolytically deposited on the cathode, while the less reactive ...
In total, 32 radioisotopes have been characterised, which range in mass number from 207 to 238. After 232Th, the most stable of ... In 1815, the Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius analysed an unusual sample of gadolinite from a copper mine in Falun, central ... These rely on the fact that 232Th is a primordial radioisotope, but 230Th only occurs as an intermediate decay product in the ... copper's 137.8 GPa; and mild steel's is 160-169 GPa. Thorium is about as hard as soft steel, so when heated it can be rolled ...
This occurs again later in the periodic table with other elements and their electron configurations, such as copper, niobium, ... 19 radioisotopes have been characterized, with the most stable being 50Cr with a half-life of (more than) 1.8×1017 years, and ... unlike other metals such as copper, magnesium, and aluminium. Chromium has a melting point of 1907 °C (3465 °F), which is ... having the fourth lowest boiling point out of the Period 4 transition metals alone behind copper, manganese and zinc. The ...
The copper cables (transmission lines) which are used to carry lower frequency radio waves to antennas have excessive power ... Gamma rays are used experimentally by physicists for their penetrating ability and are produced by a number of radioisotopes. ...
The radioisotope thallium-201 (as the soluble chloride TlCl) is used in small amounts as an agent in a nuclear medicine scan, ... The major source of thallium for practical purposes is the trace amount that is found in copper, lead, zinc, and other heavy- ... The most useful radioisotope, 201Tl (half-life 73 hours), decays by electron capture, emitting X-rays (~70-80 keV), and photons ... 204Tl is the most stable radioisotope, with a half-life of 3.78 years. It is made by the neutron activation of stable thallium ...
Other radioisotopes, present as impurities, have a long enough half-life to present a potential problem even decades after the ... Depleted uranium was used but was not optimal because of its opacity for radiation; iron, copper, or cadmium were other choices ... The worst affected zones are fenced off; detectable levels of radioisotopes are present in the soil, insects, and trees in the ... The experiment used significant amounts of a short-lived radioisotope lanthanum-140, a potent source of gamma radiation; the ...
High-grade transvaal chalcopyrite was neutron-irradiated to produce radioisotopes copper- 64, iron-59, and sulfur-35. ... techniques makes possible the study of the initial-stage sulfuric acid leaching kinetics of chalcopyrite and other copper ...
The measurement on copper was performed using the Am241 radioisotope-based Compton spectrometer [25]. The sample were held ... Compton profile and structure factors of polycrystalline fcc-copper have been discussed in this work. The measurement on copper ... type) of copper with lattice constants a = 0.361 nm [1]. The integration in the reciprocal space has been carried out on a grid ... it/Basis sets/Copper. html. * J. P. Perdew and Y. Wang, "Accurate and Simple Analytic Representation of the Electron-Gas ...
Copper Radioisotopes - Preferred Concept UI. M0005154. Scope note. Unstable isotopes of copper that decay or disintegrate ... Unstable isotopes of copper that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Cu atoms with atomic weights 58-62, 64, and 66-68 ... Cu atoms with atomic weights 58-62, 64, and 66-68 are radioactive copper isotopes. ...
Copper-67 (67Cu) has physical characteristics useful for both therapy and imaging. However, its applicability has been hindered ... Multifunctional LnPO4 nanoparticles have the potential to be used as a carrier of single or multiple radioisotopes to enhance ... With the advancement of 67Cu production methods, suitable radioisotope carriers are sought. Lanthanide phosphate nanoparticles ...
Radioisotopes, Cobalt use Cobalt Radioisotopes Radioisotopes, Copper use Copper Radioisotopes Radioisotopes, Fluorine use ... Radioisotope Dilution Technic use Radioisotope Dilution Technique Radioisotope Dilution Technics use Radioisotope Dilution ... Radioisotope Diagnostic Technic use Diagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope Radioisotope Diagnostic Technics use Diagnostic ... Radioisotope Diagnostic Technique use Diagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope Radioisotope Diagnostic Techniques use Diagnostic ...
16] "Cross-bridged cyclam with phosphonate and phosphinate pendant arms: chelators for copper radioisotopes with fast ... 2] "Histidine-Rich C-Terminal Tail of Mycobacterial GroEL1 and Its Copper Complex─The Impact of Point Mutations.". A. Rola, O. ... 20] "Copper complexes with 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives: underlying factors affecting their cytotoxicity." P. Nunes, I. ... 2] "Nickel(II), copper(II) and palladium(II) complexes with bis-semicarbazide hexaazamacrocycles: Redox-noninnocent behavior ...
Copper-64 was produced in large scales and high specific activities in late 1990s using compact cyclotrons based by 64Ni(p,n) ... Automated production of copper radioisotopes and preparation of high specific activity [(64)Cu]Cu-ATSM for PET studies. Appl ... Copper-64 was produced in large scales and high specific activities in late 1990s using compact cyclotrons based by 64Ni(p,n) ... PET imaging of copper trafficking in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease. J Nucl Med. 2016 Jan;57(1):109-14. ...
NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes, LLC, announced a collaboration with Inhibrx, Inc., to develop and produce new ... About NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes, LLC. NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes is a commercial-stage nuclear medicine company with ... and copper-67 (Cu-67).. Under the terms of this agreement, NorthStar will provide the supply of Ac-225 and access to its ... NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes, LLC, announced a collaboration with Inhibrx, Inc., to develop and produce new ...
Beryllium, nickel, copper, chromium, and cadmium have all been implicated in causing lung cancer. ...
Scavenging and Transport of Thorium Radioisotopes in the North Atlantic Ocean. *Radium Isotopes as Tracers of Boundary Inputs ... Molecular Characterization of Organically Bound Copper in the Marine Environment. *Radium Isotopes and Radon-222 as Tracers of ... Anthropogenic and natural radioisotopes as tracers for contaminant sources and particulate fluxes ...
Metal nanoparticles (such as gold, silver, iron, copper, etc.) hold tremendous potential and offer enormous opportunities for ... including copper selenide nanocrystals, copper telluride nanostructures, and copper oxide NPs, among others. In addition, ... In addition, chelation using radioisotopes can indeed be difficult, necessitating extreme reaction mechanisms, which could be ... In recent years, there has been a rise in research into the potential medical benefits of copper nanoparticles [137]. Copper- ...
Copper. Pp. 301-364 in W. Mertz, editor. , ed. Trace Elements in Human and Animal Nutrition, 5th ed., Vol. 1. Academic Press, ... Neither the short-lived radioisotope 28Mg nor the stable isotope 26Mg is suitable for whole-body magnesium turnover studies ( ... Calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, copper, and manganese balance in adolescent females. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 31: 117-121. [PubMed: ... copper (Davis and Mertz, 1987), zinc (Hambidge et al., 1986), manganese (Hurley and Keen, 1987), fluorine (Krishnamachari, 1987 ...
Now KAERI regularly produces radioisotopes (131I, 99mTc, 166Ho, 192Ir, 60Co etc.) and labeled compounds including 99mTc cold ... A systematic study has been made on the reducing power of amalgamated copper powder in hydrochloric acid solution for palladium ... We are carrying out a feasibility study on a new research reactor for the stable supply of radioisotopes in Korea. ... Many devices and handling tools were developed and applied for the production of radioisotopes. Emphasis on RI production plan ...
Radioisotopes [D01.496.749]. *Elements, Radioactive [D01.496.749.305]. *Actinoid Series Elements [D01.496.749.305.100] ...
Copper-Catalyzed Regio- and Diastereoselective Borylacylation of α,β-Unsaturated Esters. Nishino, S.; Hirano, K.. Asian J. Org ... RADIOISOTOPES, 2022, 71, 171-177.. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.71.171 ... A Copper Nitride Catalyst for the Efficient Hydroxylation of Aryl Halides under Ligand-free Conditions (Cover). Xu, H.; ... A Tin Oxide-Coated Copper Foam Hybridized with a Gas Diffusion Electrode for Efficient CO2 Reduction to Formate with a Current ...
Radioisotope scanning Includes: IVP Allergy test Angiogram Excludes: Venogram To check results of skin tests ... 07623 COPPER 06170 CERUMENEX 07660 CORDRAN 06175 CERYLIN 07670 CORGARD 06260 CHARCOAL 07680 CORICIDIN 06294 CHEMOTHERAPY 07755 ... COPPER 51255 CLINDAMYCIN 51395 CORN OIL 51257 CLOCORTOLONE 51400 CDRTICOTROPIN 51260 CLOFIBRATE 51405 CORTISONE 51265 ...
The problem with Radioisotopes dating is just like the whole of evolutionary theory, it is based on guesswork.. The Grand ... Just in case you havent noticed, canine of tin and copper, this same dingbat has been demonstrating all the diagnostic signs ... "It is clear that radioisotope dating is not the gold standard of dating methods, or proof for millions of years of Earth ... The issue is not nuclear physics but rather Radioisotopes dating.. Just like the issue is not biological science but rather GTE ...
C)Copper. (D)Iron. Answer- (A). 2. The best conductor of electricity is-. (A)Silver. (B) Lead. (C)Copper. (D) aluminum. Answer ... The radioisotope used in the treatment of skin diseases is?. [A] radio lead. [B] Radio Cobalt. [C] Radio Phosphorous. [D] Radio ...
22) Which Radio isotopes is used to estimate age of the Earth ?. a) Radio-U24. b) Isotopes U56. c) Radio-Uranium. d) All the ... a) Copper. b) Zinc. c) Oxygen. d) Iron. 62) Young modulus of elasticity is defined as ?. a) Longitudinal stress / Volume strain ... 32) Which radio isotope is used is to cure bone diseases ?. a) Radio- Sodium. b) Radio - Phosphorous. c) Uranium. d) Iodine ... 56) Main source of mineral copper is from ?. a) Meat. b) Fish. c) Liver. d) Grains. e) All ...
Description: Introduction: this report covers two series of tests run on a Freon evaporator containing a vertical copper tube ... the site of most radioisotope production in the deionized water cooled system and that zirconium tubes provided only nominal ...
... for this radioisotope are approximately 0.32 x 10-3 rem per picocurie inhaled and 0.54 x 10-3 rem per picocurie ingested (USEPA ... copper (2,300 ppm), cobalt (4,600 ppm), tin (4,400 ppm), molybdenum (150 ppm), magnesium (19,000 ppm), thallium (33 ppm), lead ...
Further data for radioisotopes (radioactive isotopes) of darmstadtium are listed (including any which occur naturally) below. ... For further information about radioisotopes see Jonghwa Changs (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) Table of the Nuclides ...
... labeled by Copper-60 or Copper-64. The half-life of Copper-60 and Copper-64 are respectively 23,7 minutes and 12,7 hours, being ... Its oncological application was proposed as positron emitting radioisotopes - such as Carbon 11, Nitrogen 13 and Fluorine 18 - ...
federal teaching business lighting scaffolding, agreement, copper, and character book services to our time, infrared, and ... 00We radioisotopes. These and vast interviews want machines an exterior download The for donating critical spectrum start in CI ... purposes are possible custom role, copper(II, repairs, contracts, Quantification, single reporting, pages, getting and ... Helping Your Kid of the nothing and exhilaration of psychological copper(II and fNIRS, and do the biology and firm of ...
RADIOISOTOPE TRACER STUDIES FOR MODELING AND SIMULATION OF MULTIPHASE REACTORS AT ELEVATED PRESSURES ... BIOLEACHING OF COPPER FROM CHALCOPYRITES USING BACTERIA. * TOXICITY STUDIES OF HEAVY METALS ON CIRRHINUS MRIGALA ...
The message is carried by a phonograph record - -a 12-inch gold-plated copper disk containing sounds and images selected to ... Radioisotope Thermo-electric Generators - RTG). முதலில் அது பரிமாறிய ஆற்றல் : 470 வாட்ஸ். 1997 ஆரம்பத்தில் புளுடோனியத்தின் ...
Estimation of blood volume in burns patients using radioisotope chromium-51: A pilot study. Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Pandit, N., ... Effect of curcumin and curcumin copper complex (1:1) on radiation-induced changes of anti-oxidant enzymes levels in the livers ...
  • Unstable isotopes of copper that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. (nih.gov)
  • Cu atoms with atomic weights 58-62, 64, and 66-68 are radioactive copper isotopes. (nih.gov)
  • Zinabe B. Investigation of alpha induced Reaction on Copper Isotopes for Energy Range of 15-50MeV, Mekdela Amba University. (physicsresjournal.com)
  • Further data for radioisotopes (radioactive isotopes) of darmstadtium are listed (including any which occur naturally) below. (webelements.com)
  • The sensitivity of radiochemical techniques makes possible the study of the initial-stage sulfuric acid leaching kinetics of chalcopyrite and other copper sulfide minerals. (cdc.gov)
  • A burgeoning industry worldwide has developed in optoelectronics (e.g., light-emitting diodes and photovoltaics) and flat panel display technology, in which a variety of indium compounds [indium phosphide, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium arsenide, indium sulfide, copper indium diselenide (CIS), copper-indium-gallium-diselenide (CIGS)] are used. (who.int)
  • NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes, LLC, announced a collaboration with Inhibrx, Inc., to develop and produce new radiopharmaceuticals for cancer treatment. (pharmaceutical.report)
  • NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes is a commercial-stage nuclear medicine company with a mission to provide patients with global access to game-changing radiopharmaceuticals. (pharmaceutical.report)
  • Bauer and Schneider [7] reported the band structure calculations of copper and compared with the experiment. (scirp.org)
  • Cross sections and yields calculations for copper-64 production induced by deuterons and protons. (physicsresjournal.com)
  • Pre-equilibrium reaction models are frequently used in cross-section calculations for estimating radiation damage, and producing radioisotopes, etc. (sinap.ac.cn)
  • The efficacy of zinc as a therapeutic agent to control copper balance in Wilson's disease patients has been previously documented with balance studies. (nih.gov)
  • Although the development of copper-64 radiopharmaceuticals continued with a slower rate in 2010s' due to availability of 68 Ga-tracers, however recent advances in application of therapeutic doses of 64 Cu has emerged a new trend in the radiopharmaceutical development based on coppe-64. (ac.ir)
  • A proposed strategy for development of peptide based copper-64 radiopharmaceuticals with high and low dose therapeutic applications has been suggested. (ac.ir)
  • NorthStar is expanding its position as an industry leader in the rapidly-growing field of therapeutic radioisotopes, and it is now prepared to become the first commercial-scale manufacturer of non-carrier added (n.c.a.) actinium-225 (Ac-225) and copper-67 (Cu-67). (pharmaceutical.report)
  • Blower PJ, Lewis JS, Zweit J. Copper radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine. (ac.ir)
  • Chelators for copper radionuclides in positron emission tomography radiopharmaceuticals. (ac.ir)
  • Copper-64 was produced in large scales and high specific activities in late 1990s' using compact cyclotrons based by 64 Ni(p,n) 64 Cu reaction and many radiopharmaceuticals developed since then by various groups based on interesting physicochemical and nuclear properties of the radionuclide. (ac.ir)
  • In this review, recent advances in the copper-64 theranostic radiopharmaceuticals including introduction of new chelating groups with enhanced stability as well as radiolabelling conditions as well as application of simple 64 CuCl 2 radiopharmaceutical as areal theranostic agent in human subjects are summarized. (ac.ir)
  • Nuclear reaction models and methods Level density Alpha induced reactions ALICE/ASH code TALYS 1.8 code 1 Introduction 1 The nuclear cross-section data for particle induced reaction benefits from the structural materials development in the fusion and fission reactors, medical radioisotope production, and astrophysical applications etc. (sinap.ac.cn)
  • It is the only commercial U.S. producer of molybdenum-99, an essential diagnostic imaging radioisotope (Mo-99). (pharmaceutical.report)
  • Just in case you haven't noticed, canine of tin and copper, this same dingbat has been demonstrating all the diagnostic signs of an unredeemable hatefreak over on Amanda's blog. (blogspot.com)
  • The data demonstrate that the prevention of copper uptake into blood in Wilson's disease patients by zinc therapy can be evaluated by 64copper uptake and that peak uptakes of less than 1% occur in patients with neutral or negative copper balance. (nih.gov)
  • The structure factors for copper are computed using hybrid B3PW scheme and compared with available experimental and theoretical data. (scirp.org)
  • In an attempt to develop a simpler and faster tool for evaluating the adequacy of zinc therapy, a technique that measures the uptake into blood of a small oral dose of 64copper was studied in conjunction with copper balance. (nih.gov)
  • Metal nanoparticles (such as gold, silver, iron, copper, etc.) hold tremendous potential and offer enormous opportunities for imaging and diagnostics due to their broad optical characteristics, ease of manufacturing technique, and simple surface modification. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The name semiconductor comes from the fact that these materials have an electrical conductivity between that of a metal, like copper, gold, etc. (bordercolliepagina.eu)
  • Its high binding affinity and specificity for tumor cells or antigen-expressing cells within the tumor microenvironment make sdAbs an ideal biological targeting agent for radioisotope delivery. (pharmaceutical.report)
  • Among structural properties, the relativistic HartreeFock atomic field method has been employed by Doyle and Turner [15] to explore the X-ray and electron scattering factors of copper. (scirp.org)
  • In addition, alpha-emitting radioisotopes have a small range of activity and high energy transfer, allowing for the targeted destruction of cancer cells with minimum damage to adjacent healthy tissue. (pharmaceutical.report)
  • A real-space analysis of the experimental Compton profile shows the metal-like behavior of copper. (scirp.org)
  • High-grade transvaal chalcopyrite was neutron-irradiated to produce radioisotopes copper- 64, iron-59, and sulfur-35. (cdc.gov)
  • 2009). Indium radioisotopes are also widely used in medical research and therapy (Fowler 2007). (who.int)
  • Unstable isotopes of copper that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cu atoms with atomic weights 58-62, 64, and 66-68 are radioactive copper isotopes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Perhaps the most promising complex radiolabelled with copper radioisotopes to date is Cu(II)(atsm), which has progressed to clinical trials in humans (162 references). (nih.gov)
  • 9. Application of the new zinc-62/copper-62 generator: an effective labeling method for 62Cu-PTSM. (nih.gov)