Copper Radioisotopes
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Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid
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67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 pharmacokinetics, radiation dosimetry, toxicity and tumor regression in patients with lymphoma. (1/245)
Lym-1, a monoclonal antibody that preferentially targets malignant lymphocytes, has induced therapeutic responses and prolonged survival in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma when labeled with 1311. Radiometal-labeled antibodies provide higher tumor radiation doses than corresponding 1311 antibodies. 67Cu has an exceptional combination of properties desirable for radioimmunotherapy, including gamma and beta emissions for imaging and therapy, respectively, a biocompatible half-time and absence of pathways contributing to myelotoxicity. The radioimmunoconjugate, 67Cu-21T-BAT-Lym-1, has been shown to be efficacious in nude mice bearing human Burkitt's lymphoma (Raji) xenografts. Based on these results, a clinical study of the pharmacokinetics and dosimetry of 67Cu-21T-BAT-Lym-1 in patients with lymphoma was initiated. METHODS: Eleven patients with advanced stage 3 or 4 lymphoma were given a preload dose of unmodified Lym-1, then an imaging dose of 126-533 MBq (3.4-14.4 mCi) 67Cu-21T-BAT-Lym-1. Total Lym-1 ranged from 25 to 70 mg dependent on the specific activity of the radioimmunoconjugate and was infused at a rate of 0.5-1 mg/min. Imaging, physical examination, including caliper measurement of superficial tumors, and analysis of blood, urine and fecal samples were performed for a period of 6-13 d after infusion to assess pharmacokinetics, radiation dosimetry, toxicity and tumor regression. RESULTS: In 7 patients, in whom superficial tumors had been accurately measured, tumors regressed from 18% to 75% (mean 48%) within several days of 67Cu-21T-BAT-Lym-1 infusion. The uptake and biological half-time of 67Cu-21T-BAT-Lym-1 in tumors were greater than those of normal tissues, except the mean liver half-time exceeded the mean tumor half-time. The mean tumor-to-marrow radiation ratio was 32:1, tumor-to-total body was 24:1 and tumor-to-liver was 1.5:1. Images were of very good quality; tumors and normal organs were readily identified. Mild and transient Lym-1 toxicity occurred in 6 patients; 1 patient developed a human antimouse antibody. There were no significant changes in blood counts or serum chemistries indicative of radiation toxicity. CONCLUSION: Because of the long residence time of 67Cu-21T-BAT-Lym-1 in tumors, high therapeutic ratios were achieved and, remarkably, numerous tumor regressions were observed after imaging doses. The results indicate considerable therapeutic potential for 67Cu-21T-BAT-Lym-1. (+info)67Cu-versus 131I-labeled Lym-1 antibody: comparative pharmacokinetics and dosimetry in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. (2/245)
Antilymphoma mouse monoclonal antibody (MoAb) Lym-1, labeled with 67Cu or 131I, has demonstrated promising results in radioimmunotherapy (RIT) for lymphoma. Although 131I has played a central role in RIT thus far, some properties of 67Cu are preferable. A subset of our patients received both 67Cu- and 131I-labeled Lym-1, allowing a comparative evaluation of the two radiopharmaceuticals administered to a matched population of patients. Four patients with B-lymphocytic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that had progressed despite standard therapy entered trials of 67Cu- and 131I-labeled Lym-1, which were injected 3-26 days apart. Lym-1 was conjugated to 6-[p-(bromoacetamido)benzyl]-1,4,7,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-N,N ',N",N'"-tetraacetic acid (BAT) via 2-iminothiolane (2IT) and radiolabeled with 67Cu to prepare 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1; 131I-Lym-1 was preparred by the chloramine-T reaction. Planar imaging was used to quantitate 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 or 131I-Lym-1 in organs and tumors daily for 3 days or longer. 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 exhibited higher peak concentration in 92% (12 of 13) of tumors and a longer biological half-time in every tumor than 131I-Lym-1. The mean tumor concentration (%ID/g) of 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 was 1.7, 2.2, and 2.8 times that of 131I-Lym-1 at 0, 24, and 48 h after injection, respectively. The mean biological half-times of 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 and 131I-Lym-1 in tumor were 8.8 and 2.3 days, respectively. Consequently, the mean tumor radiation dose delivered by 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 was twice that of 131I-Lym-1, 2.8 (range 0.8-6.7), and 1.4 (range 0.4-35) Gy/GBq, respectively. 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 delivered a lower marrow radiation dose than 131I-Lym-1; hence, the tumor:marrow therapeutic indices were 29 and 9.7, respectively. Radiation doses from 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 and 131I-Lym-1 to normal tissues were similar except for liver, which received a higher dose from 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1. Images obtained with 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 were superior. Radiation dosimetry data for 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 and 131I-Lym-1 agreed with corresponding data from the larger populations of patients from which the matched population for the current study was drawn. In conclusion, 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 given to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients in close temporal proximity to 131I-Lym-1 exhibited greater uptake and longer retention in tumor, resulting in higher radiation dose and therapeutic index than 131I-Lym-1. These as well as other factors suggest that 67Cu-2IT-BAT-Lym-1 may be superior to 131I-Lym-1 for RIT. (+info)Practical determination of patient-specific marrow dose using radioactivity concentration in blood and body. (3/245)
Accurate determination of red marrow radiation is important because myelotoxicity is often dose limiting in radioimmunotherapy. The S-value methodology assumes a fixed red marrow mass as defined by the standard Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) mathematic phantom. Substantial error can be introduced in marrow radiation estimates because red marrow mass varies from patient to patient. In this work we describe a patient-specific marrow dosimetry methodology that does not require an explicit estimate of marrow mass. METHODS: Photon radiation to marrow from all sources can be considered as the total body to marrow. Based on photon radiation from body and electron radiation from blood, a patient-specific marrow dose can be determined by counting blood and total body radioactivity and measuring body weight. RESULTS: The deviation in marrow dose calculation using total body to represent all photon radiation was 3.9% in 66 patients administered 131I-labeled antibodies and was 9.1% in 18 patients administered 67Cu-labeled antibodies. The differences between this patient-specific approach and estimates based on standard anatomy were considerable, ranging from -35% to 88%. The differences were greater when patients' weights differed substantially from the MIRD reference man phantom. CONCLUSION: For radiopharmaceuticals that do not bind marrow, patient-specific marrow dosimetry can be independent of the actual marrow mass of a patient. Patient-specific marrow dosimetry can be determined using radioactivity concentration in blood and body. (+info)Targeting superficial bladder cancer by the intravesical administration of copper-67-labeled anti-MUC1 mucin monoclonal antibody C595. (4/245)
PURPOSE: More effective intravesical agents are required to limit the recurrence and progression of superficial bladder cancer. This study assessed the ability of copper-67 ((67)Cu)-C595 murine antimucin monoclonal antibody to bind selectively to superficial bladder tumors when administered intravesically, with a view to its development for therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Approximately 20 MBq of (67)Cu-C595 monoclonal antibody was administered intravesically to 16 patients with a clinical indication of superficial bladder cancer. After 1 hour, the bladder was drained and irrigated. Tissue uptake was assessed by imaging and by the assay of tumor and normal tissues obtained by endoscopic resection. RESULTS: Tumor was correctly identified in the images of 12 of 15 patients who were subsequently found to have tumors. Assay of biopsy samples at 2 hours showed a mean tumor uptake of 59.4% of the injected dose per kilogram (SD = 48.0), with a tumor-to-normal tissue ratio of 14.6:1 (SD = 20). After 24 hours (n = 5), this decreased to 4.3% of the injected dose per kilogram (SD = 2.9), with a tumor-to-normal tissue ratio of 1.8:1 (SD = 0.8). CONCLUSION: This study indicates a promising method for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer. Although the mean initial tumor uptake was high, effective therapy of bladder tumors will require an increased retention of the cytotoxic radionuclide in tumor tissue. (+info)CopA: An Escherichia coli Cu(I)-translocating P-type ATPase. (5/245)
The copA gene product, a putative copper-translocating P-type ATPase, has been shown to be involved in copper resistance in Escherichia coli. The copA gene was disrupted by insertion of a kanamycin gene through homologous recombination. The mutant strain was more sensitive to copper salts but not to salts of other metals, suggesting a role in copper homeostasis. The copper-sensitive phenotype could be rescued by complementation by a plasmid carrying copA from E. coli or copB from Enterococcus hirae. Expression of copA was induced by salts of copper or silver but not zinc or cobalt. Everted membrane vesicles from cells expressing copA exhibited ATP-coupled accumulation of copper, presumably as Cu(I). The results indicate that CopA is a Cu(I)-translocating efflux pump that is similar to the copper pumps related to Menkes and Wilson diseases and provides a useful prokaryotic model for these human diseases. (+info)Performance of a 62Zn/62Cu generator in clinical trials of PET perfusion agent 62Cu-PTSM. (6/245)
The 62Zn/62Cu PET generator can be inexpensively produced and distributed from a single production site operating under typical good manufacturing practice guidelines. It therefore has the potential to greatly facilitate development of clinically practical PET. We report generator performance in a study in which 62Cu-pyruvaldehyde-bis(n4-methylthiosemicarbazone (PTSM) myocardial perfusion imaging is compared with 99mTc-sestamibi in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. The 62Zn/62Cu generator is an improved version of a previously reported system that employs automated synthesis of 62Cu-PTSM. With this approach, the cumbersome step of 18C purification has been eliminated. METHODS: The 62Zn (9.3 h half-life) parent isotope is prepared by proton bombardment of natural copper at 33 MeV. A typical target irradiated with 37.5 microA/h is delivered by 12:00 PM on the day it is to be processed. Purified 62Zn obtained from the target is loaded onto the generator column in 2 mol/L HCl. The generator is eluted using an internal three-channel peristaltic pump, which delivers 2.25 mL eluant (1.8 mol/L NaCl, 0.2 mol/L HCl) through the generator column to elute the 62Cu in 40 s. The same pump simultaneously pumps an equal volume of buffer (0.4 mol/L NaOAc) and 1 mL ligand solution (2 ppm PTSM, 2% EtOH) passing it through a septum into a 35-cc syringe preloaded with 28 mL sterile water. This solution is thoroughly mixed by agitation of the syringe and injected as a bolus through a 0.2 microm filter. The generator is eluted twice before shipping, providing quality assurance samples, and shipped to the clinical site by overnight delivery. Complete quality assurance testing is performed the evening before the generator reaches the clinical site. RESULTS: A total of 34 generators have been produced and shipped to 2 clinical sites for a phase III Food and Drug Administration study. The load activity on the generators at 8:00 AM the day of clinical use was 1.7+/-0.2 GBq (46.7+/-5.6 mCi), and yield was 72%+/-16%. Breakthrough of 62Zn was undetectable by high-purity germanium spectroscopy for all units. Radiochemical purity was 95.4%+/-2.4%. Volume delivered, pH, sterility, and bacterial endotoxin tests yielded passing results on all generators. The entire process of generator production, from target receipt to generator shipment, took less than 6 h and cost approximately $1000, including shipping charges and cyclotron cost. A total of 68 patients were injected with 2 62Cu-PTSM doses, with a mean injected activity of 0.8+/-0.2 GBq (20.5+/-5.3 mCi) with no adverse side effects. CONCLUSION: Results of this work confirm that the 62Zn/62Cu generator is an easily produced, transportable, and inexpensive source of PET radiopharmaceuticals, which can expand the field of clinical PET imaging by providing radiopharmaceuticals to sites not associated with cyclotrons. (+info)High-resolution microPET imaging of carcinoembryonic antigen-positive xenografts by using a copper-64-labeled engineered antibody fragment. (7/245)
Rapid imaging by antitumor antibodies has been limited by the prolonged targeting kinetics and clearance of labeled whole antibodies. Genetically engineered fragments with rapid access and high retention in tumor tissue combined with rapid blood clearance are suitable for labeling with short-lived radionuclides, including positron-emitting isotopes for positron-emission tomography (PET). An engineered fragment was developed from the high-affinity anticarcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody T84.66. This single-chain variable fragment (Fv)-C(H)3, or minibody, was produced as a bivalent 80 kDa dimer. The macrocyclic chelating agent 1,4,7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N", N"'-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) was conjugated to the anti-CEA minibody for labeling with copper-64, a positron-emitting radionuclide (t(1/2) = 12.7 h). In vivo distribution was evaluated in athymic mice bearing paired LS174T human colon carcinoma (CEA positive) and C6 rat glioma (CEA negative) xenografts. Five hours after injection with (64)Cu-DOTA-minibody, microPET imaging showed high uptake in CEA-positive tumor (17.9% injected dose per gram +/- 3.79) compared with control tumor (6.0% injected dose per gram +/- 1.0). In addition, significant uptake was seen in liver, with low uptake in other tissues. Average target/background ratios relative to neighboring tissue were 3-4:1. Engineered antibody fragments labeled with positron-emitting isotopes such as copper-64 provide a new class of agents for PET imaging of tumors. (+info)Gastrointestinal uptake and distribution of copper in rainbow trout. (8/245)
A single dose of radioactive copper ((64)Cu or new Cu) was infused into the stomach of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to model dietary copper (Cu) uptake under conditions of a normal nutritional dose and optimum environmental temperature (16 degrees C, 0.117 microg Cu g(-)(1 )body mass). The distribution of new Cu to the gut and internal organs occurred in two phases: rapid uptake by the gut tissues (almost complete by 24 h post-infusion) followed by slower uptake by the internal organs. By 72 h, 60 % of the dose had been excreted, 19 % was still retained in the gut tissue, 10 % remained in the lumen and 12 % had been absorbed across the gut and partitioned amongst the internal organs. A reduction in water temperature of 10 degrees C (to 6 degrees C) significantly retarded components of new Cu distribution (movement of the bolus along the gut and excretion); nonetheless, by 72 h, the fraction absorbed by all the internal organs was similar to that at 16 degrees C. An increase in water temperature of 3 degrees C (to 19 degrees C) caused a pronounced increase in internal organ uptake by 24 h to approximately double the uptake occurring at 16 degrees C. The uptake of new Cu by the gut tissue had a low temperature coefficient (Q(10)<1) consistent with simple diffusion, while the temperature coefficient for transfer of new Cu from gut tissue to the internal organs was high (Q(10)>2), consistent with facilitated transport. Internally, the liver and gall bladder (including bile) were the target organs for dietary Cu partitioning since they were the only organs that concentrated new Cu from the plasma. Individual tissues differed in terms of the exchange of their background Cu pools with new Cu. The background Cu in the walls of the gastrointestinal tract (excluding stomach) exchanged 45-94 % with new Cu from the gut lumen, while tissues such as the stomach, gills, kidney, carcass and fat had 5-7 % exchangeable background Cu. The liver, heart, spleen, ovary, bile and plasma had only 0.2-0.8 % exchangeable background Cu. The gastrointestinal tissues appear to act as a homeostatic organ, regulating the absorption of nutritional (non-toxic) doses of Cu (0. 117 microg g(-)(1 )body mass day(-)(1)) by the internal organs. Within the dose range we used and at optimal temperature (16 degrees C), the new Cu content of the gut tissues fluctuated, but absorption of new Cu by the internal organs remained relatively constant. For example, predosing the fish with non-radioactive Cu caused new Cu absorption by the gut tissues to double and decreased new Cu excretion from 38 to 1.5 %, but had no effect on new Cu uptake by the internal organs. Feeding fish after application of the normal liquid dose of new Cu also had no effect on new Cu uptake by the internal organs, even though the presence of food in the digestive tract reduced the binding of new Cu to the gut tissues and assisted with the excretion of new Cu. The gut was therefore able to regulate new Cu internalization at this dosage. Higher new Cu doses (10, 100 and 1000 times the normal dose), however, evoked regurgitation and increased new Cu excretion within 4 h of application but did not elevate new Cu levels in gut tissue beyond a threshold of approximately 40 microg of new Cu. Only at the highest dose (1000 times the normal dose, 192 microg g(-)(1 )body mass), equivalent to toxic concentrations in the daily diet (7000 microg Cu g(-)(1 )dry mass food), was the buffering capacity of the gut overwhelmed, resulting in an increase in internal new Cu uptake. (+info)The hepatolenticular tract is a complex system of nerve fibers that connect the liver and other organs in the body, allowing for the exchange of information and coordination of bodily functions. HLD occurs when these nerve fibers are damaged or destroyed, leading to problems with brain function and communication.
The symptoms of HLD can vary depending on the severity of the damage and the specific areas of the brain affected. Common symptoms include difficulty with memory and cognitive function, poor coordination and balance, and changes in behavior and personality. In severe cases, HLD can lead to coma or even death.
There is currently no cure for HLD, but there are several treatments available that can help manage the symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. These may include medications to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as physical therapy and rehabilitation to improve cognitive and motor function. In some cases, liver transplantation may be necessary to treat underlying liver disease.
Overall, hepatobilayer degeneration is a serious condition that can have significant effects on brain function and quality of life. If you suspect that you or someone you know may be experiencing symptoms of HLD, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible to receive an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
The main symptoms of Menkes syndrome are:
1. Steel-gray or kinky hair, which starts to appear within the first few months of life.
2. Failure to thrive, poor muscle tone, and low birth weight.
3. Developmental delays and intellectual disability.
4. Seizures and poor coordination.
5. Poor immune function and recurrent infections.
6. Gradual loss of vision and hearing.
7. Osteoporosis and fragile bones.
8. Increased risk of liver disease, including cirrhosis and portal hypertension.
The diagnosis of Menkes syndrome is based on a combination of clinical findings, laboratory tests, and genetic analysis. Treatment is focused on managing the symptoms and preventing complications, and may include copper supplements, anticonvulsants, and other medications.
The prognosis for Menkes syndrome is poor, with most individuals dying in childhood or adolescence due to complications such as liver disease, infections, or seizures. However, some individuals may live into their 20s or 30s with appropriate management and care.
Subdural effusion is a condition where there is an accumulation of fluid between the dura mater, the protective covering of the brain, and the skull. This fluid can be cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or blood. The excess fluid can cause pressure on the brain, leading to various symptoms such as headaches, nausea, vomiting, and confusion.
There are several causes of subdural effusion, including:
1. Traumatic brain injury: A blow to the head can cause the veins in the dura mater to tear, leading to bleeding or fluid accumulation.
2. Infections such as meningitis or encephalitis: These infections can cause inflammation and fluid buildup in the dura mater.
3. Tumors: Both benign and malignant tumors can cause subdural effusion by obstructing the flow of CSF or by causing inflammation.
4. Hydrocephalus: This is a condition where there is an abnormal accumulation of CSF in the brain, leading to increased intracranial pressure and fluid buildup in the dura mater.
5. Spinal or cerebral vasculature disorders: Conditions such as stroke, aneurysm, or arteriovenous malformation can cause subdural effusion by disrupting the flow of blood or CSF.
Symptoms of subdural effusion can vary depending on the location and severity of the fluid accumulation. Common symptoms include:
1. Headache: This is the most common symptom, which can range from mild to severe.
2. Nausea and vomiting: Patients may experience nausea and vomiting due to the pressure on the brain.
3. Confusion and disorientation: Subdural effusion can cause confusion, disorientation, and difficulty with concentration and memory.
4. Weakness or numbness: Patients may experience weakness or numbness in the arms or legs due to the pressure on the brain.
5. Seizures: In some cases, subdural effusion can cause seizures.
Diagnosis of subdural effusion typically involves a combination of physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Imaging studies, such as CT or MRI scans, are used to confirm the presence of fluid accumulation in the subdural space. Laboratory tests, such as electrolyte panels and blood counts, may be ordered to rule out other conditions that can cause similar symptoms.
Treatment of subdural effusion depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, conservative management with supportive care, such as fluid and electrolyte replacement, pain management, and seizure control, may be sufficient. Surgical intervention may be necessary in more severe cases or if there is no response to conservative management.
Surgery for subdural effusion involves draining the excess fluid and repairing any underlying blood vessel ruptures or tears. In some cases, a shunt may be inserted to help drain excess fluid and relieve pressure on the brain. Postoperatively, patients may require close monitoring in an intensive care unit and may need to undergo rehabilitation to regain lost function and mobility.
Prevention of subdural effusion is challenging, as many of the underlying causes are unpredictable and unavoidable. However, prompt recognition and management of the condition can help prevent complications and improve outcomes. In some cases, prophylactic measures such as corticosteroid therapy or anticonvulsant medications may be used to reduce the risk of developing subdural effusion.
Overall, subdural effusion is a serious medical condition that requires prompt recognition and management to prevent complications and improve outcomes. A multidisciplinary approach involving neurologists, neurosurgeons, rehabilitation specialists, and other healthcare professionals may be necessary to provide comprehensive care for patients with this condition.
Some common examples of inborn errors of metal metabolism include:
1. Hemochromatosis: This is a condition where the body absorbs too much iron from food and stores it in organs such as the liver, heart, and pancreas, leading to damage and potentially life-threatening complications.
2. Wilson's disease: This is a condition where the body has difficulty excreting copper, leading to excessive levels of copper buildup in the liver, brain, and other organs.
3. Menkes disease: This is a condition where the body has difficulty absorbing copper, leading to low levels of copper in the blood and potentially life-threatening health problems.
4. Zinc deficiency: This is a condition where the body has difficulty absorbing or processing zinc, an essential mineral important for growth and development.
5. Lead poisoning: This is a condition where the body has been exposed to high levels of lead, a toxic metal that can damage the brain, nervous system, and other organs.
Treatment for inborn errors of metal metabolism typically involves managing symptoms, correcting nutritional deficiencies or excesses, and monitoring for complications. In some cases, medication or surgery may be necessary to treat underlying conditions or manage symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent or reduce the risk of long-term health problems associated with these disorders.
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Find Research outputs - Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
Isotopes4
- Unstable isotopes of copper that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. (nih.gov)
- Cu atoms with atomic weights 58-62, 64, and 66-68 are radioactive copper isotopes. (nih.gov)
- Zinabe B. Investigation of alpha induced Reaction on Copper Isotopes for Energy Range of 15-50MeV, Mekdela Amba University. (physicsresjournal.com)
- Further data for radioisotopes (radioactive isotopes) of darmstadtium are listed (including any which occur naturally) below. (webelements.com)
Sulfide2
- The sensitivity of radiochemical techniques makes possible the study of the initial-stage sulfuric acid leaching kinetics of chalcopyrite and other copper sulfide minerals. (cdc.gov)
- A burgeoning industry worldwide has developed in optoelectronics (e.g., light-emitting diodes and photovoltaics) and flat panel display technology, in which a variety of indium compounds [indium phosphide, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium arsenide, indium sulfide, copper indium diselenide (CIS), copper-indium-gallium-diselenide (CIGS)] are used. (who.int)
Medical Radioisotopes2
- NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes, LLC, announced a collaboration with Inhibrx, Inc., to develop and produce new radiopharmaceuticals for cancer treatment. (pharmaceutical.report)
- NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes is a commercial-stage nuclear medicine company with a mission to provide patients with global access to game-changing radiopharmaceuticals. (pharmaceutical.report)
Calculations3
- Bauer and Schneider [7] reported the band structure calculations of copper and compared with the experiment. (scirp.org)
- Cross sections and yields calculations for copper-64 production induced by deuterons and protons. (physicsresjournal.com)
- Pre-equilibrium reaction models are frequently used in cross-section calculations for estimating radiation damage, and producing radioisotopes, etc. (sinap.ac.cn)
Therapeutic4
- The efficacy of zinc as a therapeutic agent to control copper balance in Wilson's disease patients has been previously documented with balance studies. (nih.gov)
- Although the development of copper-64 radiopharmaceuticals continued with a slower rate in 2010s' due to availability of 68 Ga-tracers, however recent advances in application of therapeutic doses of 64 Cu has emerged a new trend in the radiopharmaceutical development based on coppe-64. (ac.ir)
- A proposed strategy for development of peptide based copper-64 radiopharmaceuticals with high and low dose therapeutic applications has been suggested. (ac.ir)
- NorthStar is expanding its position as an industry leader in the rapidly-growing field of therapeutic radioisotopes, and it is now prepared to become the first commercial-scale manufacturer of non-carrier added (n.c.a.) actinium-225 (Ac-225) and copper-67 (Cu-67). (pharmaceutical.report)
Radionuclides2
Radiopharmaceuticals2
- Copper-64 was produced in large scales and high specific activities in late 1990s' using compact cyclotrons based by 64 Ni(p,n) 64 Cu reaction and many radiopharmaceuticals developed since then by various groups based on interesting physicochemical and nuclear properties of the radionuclide. (ac.ir)
- In this review, recent advances in the copper-64 theranostic radiopharmaceuticals including introduction of new chelating groups with enhanced stability as well as radiolabelling conditions as well as application of simple 64 CuCl 2 radiopharmaceutical as areal theranostic agent in human subjects are summarized. (ac.ir)
Reaction1
- Nuclear reaction models and methods Level density Alpha induced reactions ALICE/ASH code TALYS 1.8 code 1 Introduction 1 The nuclear cross-section data for particle induced reaction benefits from the structural materials development in the fusion and fission reactors, medical radioisotope production, and astrophysical applications etc. (sinap.ac.cn)
Diagnostic2
- It is the only commercial U.S. producer of molybdenum-99, an essential diagnostic imaging radioisotope (Mo-99). (pharmaceutical.report)
- Just in case you haven't noticed, canine of tin and copper, this same dingbat has been demonstrating all the diagnostic signs of an unredeemable hatefreak over on Amanda's blog. (blogspot.com)
Data2
- The data demonstrate that the prevention of copper uptake into blood in Wilson's disease patients by zinc therapy can be evaluated by 64copper uptake and that peak uptakes of less than 1% occur in patients with neutral or negative copper balance. (nih.gov)
- The structure factors for copper are computed using hybrid B3PW scheme and compared with available experimental and theoretical data. (scirp.org)
Dose1
- In an attempt to develop a simpler and faster tool for evaluating the adequacy of zinc therapy, a technique that measures the uptake into blood of a small oral dose of 64copper was studied in conjunction with copper balance. (nih.gov)
Gold2
- Metal nanoparticles (such as gold, silver, iron, copper, etc.) hold tremendous potential and offer enormous opportunities for imaging and diagnostics due to their broad optical characteristics, ease of manufacturing technique, and simple surface modification. (biomedcentral.com)
- The name semiconductor comes from the fact that these materials have an electrical conductivity between that of a metal, like copper, gold, etc. (bordercolliepagina.eu)
Agent1
- Its high binding affinity and specificity for tumor cells or antigen-expressing cells within the tumor microenvironment make sdAbs an ideal biological targeting agent for radioisotope delivery. (pharmaceutical.report)
Field1
- Among structural properties, the relativistic HartreeFock atomic field method has been employed by Doyle and Turner [15] to explore the X-ray and electron scattering factors of copper. (scirp.org)
Range1
- In addition, alpha-emitting radioisotopes have a small range of activity and high energy transfer, allowing for the targeted destruction of cancer cells with minimum damage to adjacent healthy tissue. (pharmaceutical.report)
Metal1
- A real-space analysis of the experimental Compton profile shows the metal-like behavior of copper. (scirp.org)
High1
- High-grade transvaal chalcopyrite was neutron-irradiated to produce radioisotopes copper- 64, iron-59, and sulfur-35. (cdc.gov)
Therapy1
- 2009). Indium radioisotopes are also widely used in medical research and therapy (Fowler 2007). (who.int)
Isotopes2
- Unstable isotopes of copper that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. (bvsalud.org)
- Cu atoms with atomic weights 58-62, 64, and 66-68 are radioactive copper isotopes. (bvsalud.org)
Date1
- Perhaps the most promising complex radiolabelled with copper radioisotopes to date is Cu(II)(atsm), which has progressed to clinical trials in humans (162 references). (nih.gov)
Application1
- 9. Application of the new zinc-62/copper-62 generator: an effective labeling method for 62Cu-PTSM. (nih.gov)