Contraceptives, Postcoital
Contraceptives, Postcoital, Hormonal
Contraceptives, Oral
Contraceptives, Oral, Combined
Metrorrhagia
Menstruation-Inducing Agents
Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal
Contraceptives, Postcoital, Synthetic
Contraceptive Agents, Female
Uterine Hemorrhage
Ethinyl Estradiol
Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic
Contraceptive Devices
Contraception
Contraception, Postcoital
Contraceptive Agents, Male
Family Planning Services
Desogestrel
Norgestrel
Levonorgestrel
Pregnancy
Mestranol
Norethindrone
A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used in treating amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, and for contraception.
Pregnancy, Unplanned
Sterilization, Reproductive
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate
Spermatocidal Agents
Intrauterine Devices, Copper
Menstruation
Norethynodrel
Ethynodiol Diacetate
Abortion, Induced
Contraception, Immunologic
Norpregnenes
Ethinyl Estradiol-Norgestrel Combination
Progestins
Contraceptives, Oral, Sequential
Sterilization, Tubal
Androstenes
Menstrual Cycle
The period from onset of one menstrual bleeding (MENSTRUATION) to the next in an ovulating woman or female primate. The menstrual cycle is regulated by endocrine interactions of the HYPOTHALAMUS; the PITUITARY GLAND; the ovaries; and the genital tract. The menstrual cycle is divided by OVULATION into two phases. Based on the endocrine status of the OVARY, there is a FOLLICULAR PHASE and a LUTEAL PHASE. Based on the response in the ENDOMETRIUM, the menstrual cycle is divided into a proliferative and a secretory phase.
Progesterone Congeners
Parity
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
Megestrol
Drug Implants
Sex Education
Spermatogenesis-Blocking Agents
Ovulation Inhibition
Medroxyprogesterone
Fertility
Condoms
Norpregnadienes
Transdermal Patch
Ethisterone
Estradiol Congeners
Risk Factors
Estrogens
Compounds that interact with ESTROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of ESTRADIOL. Estrogens stimulate the female reproductive organs, and the development of secondary female SEX CHARACTERISTICS. Estrogenic chemicals include natural, synthetic, steroidal, or non-steroidal compounds.
Nonoxynol
Nonionic surfactant mixtures varying in the number of repeating ethoxy (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) groups. They are used as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, defoaming agents, etc. Nonoxynol-9, the compound with 9 repeating ethoxy groups, is a spermatocide, formulated primarily as a component of vaginal foams and creams.
Abortion, Legal
Reproductive Health Services
Age Factors
Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.
Marriage
Case-Control Studies
Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.
Reproductive History
An important aggregate factor in epidemiological studies of women's health. The concept usually includes the number and timing of pregnancies and their outcomes, the incidence of breast feeding, and may include age of menarche and menopause, regularity of menstruation, fertility, gynecological or obstetric problems, or contraceptive usage.
Questionnaires
Coitus Interruptus
Logistic Models
Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.
Questionnaire study of use of emergency contraception among teenagers.(1/25)
(+info)Provision of emergency contraception in general practice and confidentiality for the under 16's: results of a postal survey by general practitioners in Avon. (2/25)
OBJECTIVE: To describe the provision of emergency contraception and confidentiality for the under 16's by general practitioners (GPs) in Avon, in order to inform the development of a health promotion intervention in schools in Avon. DESIGN: Confidential postal questionnaire survey. SETTING: All principals in general practice in Avon Health Authority, South West England. SUBJECTS: Five hundred and eighty general practice principals were sent the questionnaire. RESULTS: Four hundred and eighty-six (84%) principals in general practice responded to the questionnaire. Only three (0.6%) GPs did not provide hormonal emergency contraception. Nearly half (232, 47.7%) would fit the intrauterine device (IUD) as emergency contraception. Fitting an IUD was associated with female gender of the GP (OR = 2.34, 95% CI 1.53-3.71), and whether the GP had a family planning qualification (OR = 4.55, 95% CI 2.41-8.60). Three hundred and fifty-two (72%) respondents would provide emergency contraception on a Sunday if requested to do so by a 14-year-old who reported having had unprotected sex the night before. Practice nurses in 26 (5%) of the respondent's practices were available to provide advice and tablets for patients requesting hormonal emergency contraception. However, 74 (21%) respondents employed a family planning trained practice nurse who was not involved in any way in the provision of emergency contraception. Practice nurses remain an under used resource in this area. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that most GPs provide hormonal emergency contraception. Only eight (1.6%) of respondents would need to ask for parental consent prior to providing hormonal emergency contraception to a 14-year old-girl. Young people need to be informed of GPs widespread adherence to current confidentiality guidelines. (+info)Emergency hormonal contraception: the community pharmacy perspective. (3/25)
OBJECTIVE: To explore the views of community pharmacists in the North West of England towards the deregulation of emergency hormonal contraception (EHC) and to examine their support and training needs. DESIGN: Two focus group discussions. SUBJECTS: Fourteen community pharmacists, of whom eight were currently participating in a scheme to supply EHC free of charge through a patient group direction (PGD). RESULTS: A number of themes emerged from the discussions, which appeared to influence participants' views towards the use of EHC and towards deregulation. A number of participants appeared to lack detailed knowledge about the mode of action of EHC and misunderstandings about this, coupled with erroneously held beliefs about the adverse effects of the drug, appeared to influence their attitudes to deregulation. Participants identified risks associated with pharmacy supply of EHC, both to women and to themselves, in the form of litigation. EHC was accorded a special status which seemed to go beyond its pharmacological properties and risk-benefit profile. A key and recurring theme was abuse, an ill-defined concept which appeared to refer to multiple or repeated use. It is interesting to note that none of those participants supplying EHC under a PGD could provide any examples of such abuse from their own experience. CONCLUSIONS: This small-scale study provides useful insights into the attitudes of these pharmacists towards EHC, the impact of increased availability of the drug, and the type of women who they believed would use EHC. (+info)Emergency contraception: Who are the users? (4/25)
CONTEXT: Data collected from two community family planning services are used to discuss the characteristics of users of emergency contraception (EC). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of women attending for emergency contraception. DESIGN: A descriptive survey design was used to collect data. Questionnaires were completed over a 4-week period. Data were analysed using SPSS. SETTING: Community family planning services in South West Surrey and Newham, East London. PARTICIPANTS: Consenting women aged 14-44 years attending for emergency contraception (n = 171). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Description of the users, the current episode and contact with contraceptive services were analysed by age. RESULTS: The age range was 14-37 years (mean 20.2 years). A majority were smokers. Of the women, 97.7% attended the clinic within the 72-hour time frame for issuing oral EC, however only 4% came within 12 hours of intercourse; 55% said that they had used contraception. Condom breakage was the commonest reason for failure. Reasons for not using contraception included getting 'carried away' (35%), not having condoms available (22%) and having drunk alcohol (13%). Of the sample 55.6% were previous users of EC. DISCUSSION: The study demonstrates a high incidence of sexual risk taking and need for EC, especially amongst smokers and drinkers. The message that soonest is best still requires promotion. Providers of EC must co-ordinate their services to ensure access within the 12-hour time frame in a local area. CONCLUSION: Health professionals need to ensure that clients have appropriate information about EC and regular contraceptive methods and that user friendly provision is widely available. (+info)Use of hormonal emergency contraception at a university health centre over a 6 year period. (5/25)
This was a retrospective review of the use of emergency hormonal contraception at a university-based health centre over a 6 year period. Usage was greater than noted in previous studies. Condom problems, or not using any form of contraception, were the main reasons for requests. Users were significantly more likely to be smokers than the base population. (+info)Training and supporting pharmacists to supply progestogen-only emergency contraception. (6/25)
OBJECTIVE: To describe and evaluate the training and support provided to the first cohort of community pharmacists to supply progestogen-only emergency contraception (POEC) under a Patient Group Direction (PGD) in Lambeth, Southwark and Lewisham, London. DESIGN: The study comprised (a) a systematic analysis of written and oral data from pharmacists before and during training, and at 5 and 13-14 months after launch; (b) analysis of telephone calls to clinical support and (c) analysis of written pharmacy records. SUBJECTS: A total of 20/22 pharmacists in the first training cohort; 6/23 pharmacists who applied but were not accepted were also followed up. RESULTS: A formal course with role-play was a successful training method, and the course also served as a team-building exercise. Subsequent interviews demonstrated that pharmacists had understood the concept of client confidentiality and gained confidence over time in the use of the PGD. The on-call consultants received 152 calls in the first 12 months of the scheme. Over 80% of the calls concerned clinical criteria (notably including 22% that were queries about oral contraceptives). Frequency ranged from one to eight calls per week with 28% made at weekends. In over half (60%) of the calls the pharmacist was subsequently able to make a supply. Queries over client management resulted in several changes in the protocol. The primary expressed concern for all pharmacists at all time points was how clients might 'misuse' or 'abuse' the service, and this remained a concern despite the fact that it also applies to other routes of supply of POEC. However, the PGD cohort was more positive on local benefits than pharmacists who were not selected. CONCLUSIONS: Training and support have enabled this often-underused group of professionals to participate in an extended reproductive health service. Mobile phones are an essential support tool. (+info)Emergency contraception: lessons learned from the UK. (7/25)
CONTEXT: Since January 2001, women aged over 16 years in the UK have been able to purchase progestogen-only emergency hormonal contraception from pharmacists without prescription. This paper outlines the context in which these changes took place, including contraceptive choices in the UK, changes within the pharmacy profession and political pressures. OBSERVATIONS: We chart the multisectoral developments required to make emergency contraception (EC) available without prescription in the UK, from clinical research findings and results on the views and behaviour of health care professionals and users of EC, through to professional and policy developments, including challenges during and after this process. DISCUSSION: Lessons learnt from the innovative experience of the deregulation of EC in the UK apply to other regions currently considering similar change. We extrapolate internationally applicable lessons including the importance of stakeholder partnership, transparency and cautious pace of change, and the vital role of professional groups. CONCLUSION: Although this change brought a new element of reproductive choice to some women, significant barriers to access to EC still remain for young women and women unable to afford the high price ( 24/euro;37/$39) of pharmacy purchase in the UK. (+info)A national study examining the effect of making emergency hormonal contraception available without prescription. (8/25)
BACKGROUND: In January 2001, emergency hormonal contraception was made available for women over the age of 16 years directly from a pharmacist without prescription. It is of interest whether this change in the UK has led to any improvements or deterioration in the service provided for the women who need it. METHODS: Self- completed, anonymous questionnaires were distributed to women requesting emergency hormonal contraception through a single group of pharmacies located throughout England, Wales and Scotland. RESULTS: A total 419 women returned completed questionnaires. A greater proportion of women were able to take emergency contraception within 24 h when they obtained their tablets directly from a pharmacy without a prescription (64% versus 46%, P = 0.029). Women who obtained their drugs directly from the pharmacist were just as well informed, just as likely to arrange regular follow-up and generally preferred this system, although they disliked having to pay. CONCLUSION: Making emergency hormonal contraception available without prescription has improved services to women who need them, but these improvements are quantitatively minimal, preventing only five additional pregnancies per 10,000 users. (+info) Metrorrhagia (or intermenstrual bleeding) is a condition where there is vaginal bleeding between periods, outside of the menstrual cycle. The term is derived from the Greek words "metro" meaning month and "rhagia" meaning flow. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including hormonal imbalances, uterine fibroids, endometrial polyps, ovarian cysts, and cervical ectropion.
Metrorrhagia can be diagnosed through a pelvic exam, ultrasound or hysteroscopy. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause of the condition, and may include medications to regulate hormones or shrink fibroids, or surgery to remove polyps or fibroids. It is important for women who experience metrorrhagia to consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment to rule out any serious underlying conditions such as endometrial cancer.
Word origin: Greek "metro" meaning month + "rhagia" meaning flow.
A uterine hemorrhage, also known as a metrorrhagia, is vaginal bleeding that originates from the uterus. It can be caused by various conditions such as endometrial polyps, fibroids, adenomyosis, cervical dysplasia or cancer, and intrauterine devices (IUDs).
Symptoms of a uterine hemorrhage may include:
* Vaginal bleeding that may be heavy or light in flow
* Pain in the lower abdomen
* Pain during sexual activity
* Spotting or bleeding between menstrual periods
* Unusual discharge from the vagina
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible. Uterine hemorrhages can be diagnosed through a physical examination and imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI. Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the bleeding, but may include medications to control bleeding, surgery to remove fibroids or polyps, or hysterectomy in severe cases.
It is important to note that while uterine hemorrhages can be managed with appropriate medical care, they can also be life-threatening if left untreated. Seeking prompt medical attention and following the advice of your healthcare provider are crucial to preventing complications and ensuring a successful outcome.
Menstruation Disturbances: Any disruptions or abnormalities in the menstrual cycle, including changes in the frequency, duration, or intensity of menstrual bleeding, as well as any pain or other symptoms associated with the menstrual period. These disturbances can be caused by a variety of factors, such as hormonal imbalances, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, or pelvic inflammatory disease. Treatment options for menstruation disturbances vary depending on the underlying cause and may include medications, surgery, or lifestyle changes.
Also known as: Menstrual Disorders, Menstrual Abnormalities, Dysmenorrhea, Amenorrhea, Oligomenorrhea, Polymenorrhea.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) are infections that are spread through sexual contact with an infected person. These diseases can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites and can affect both men and women. Some common STDs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes, human papillomavirus (HPV), and HIV/AIDS.
STDs can cause a range of symptoms, including genital itching, burning during urination, unusual discharge, and painful sex. Some STDs can also lead to long-term health problems, such as infertility, chronic pain, and an increased risk of certain types of cancer.
STDs are usually diagnosed through a physical exam, blood tests, or other diagnostic tests. Treatment for STDs varies depending on the specific infection and can include antibiotics, antiviral medication, or other therapies. It's important to practice safe sex, such as using condoms, to reduce the risk of getting an STD.
Some of the most common STDs include:
* Chlamydia: A bacterial infection that can cause genital itching, burning during urination, and unusual discharge.
* Gonorrhea: A bacterial infection that can cause similar symptoms to chlamydia.
* Syphilis: A bacterial infection that can cause a painless sore on the genitals, followed by a rash and other symptoms.
* Herpes: A viral infection that can cause genital itching, burning during urination, and painful sex.
* HPV: A viral infection that can cause genital warts and increase the risk of cervical cancer.
* HIV/AIDS: A viral infection that can cause a range of symptoms, including fever, fatigue, and weight loss, and can lead to AIDS if left untreated.
It's important to note that some STDs can be spread through non-sexual contact, such as sharing needles or mother-to-child transmission during childbirth. It's also important to know that many STDs can be asymptomatic, meaning you may not have any symptoms even if you are infected.
If you think you may have been exposed to an STD, it's important to get tested as soon as possible. Many STDs can be easily treated with antibiotics or other medications, but if left untreated, they can lead to serious complications and long-term health problems.
It's also important to practice safe sex to reduce the risk of getting an STD. This includes using condoms, as well as getting vaccinated against HPV and Hepatitis B, which are both common causes of STDs.
In addition to getting tested and practicing safe sex, it's important to be aware of your sexual health and the risks associated with sex. This includes being aware of any symptoms you may experience, as well as being aware of your partner's sexual history and any STDs they may have. By being informed and proactive about your sexual health, you can help reduce the risk of getting an STD and maintain good sexual health.
Amenorrhea is a condition where a woman does not experience menstruation due to various reasons. It can be classified as primary or secondary, depending on its cause. Primary amenorrhea occurs when a girl has not had her first period by the age of 16, while secondary amenorrhea is when a woman experiences cessation of periods for more than three months, and there is no other explanation for it, such as pregnancy or menopause.
Causes:
There are several possible causes of amenorrhea, including:
1. Hormonal Imbalance: Imbalance of hormones can prevent the uterus from preparing for menstruation.
2. Pregnancy: Pregnancy is one of the most common causes of amenorrhea.
3. Menopause: Women going through menopause may experience amenorrhea due to the decreased levels of estrogen and progesterone.
4. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): PCOS is a hormonal disorder that can cause irregular periods or amenorrhea.
5. Thyroid Disorders: Both hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) and hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) can cause amenorrhea.
6. Obesity: Women who are significantly overweight may experience amenorrhea due to the hormonal imbalance caused by excess body fat.
7. Stress: Chronic stress can disrupt hormone levels and cause amenorrhea.
8. Surgery or Trauma: Certain surgeries, such as hysterectomy or removal of the ovaries, can cause amenorrhea. Trauma, such as a severe injury or infection, can also cause amenorrhea.
9. Medications: Certain medications, such as steroids and chemotherapy drugs, can cause amenorrhea as a side effect.
10. Endocrine Disorders: Disorders such as hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, hyperprolactinemia, and hypothyroidism can cause amenorrhea.
Symptoms:
Amenorrhea can cause a range of symptoms, including:
1. No menstrual period
2. Difficulty getting pregnant (infertility)
3. Abnormal vaginal bleeding or spotting
4. Painful intercourse
5. Weight gain or loss
6. Mood changes, such as anxiety or depression
7. Fatigue
8. Headaches
9. Insomnia
10. Hot flashes
Diagnosis:
Amenorrhea is typically diagnosed based on a patient's medical history and physical examination. Additional tests may be ordered to determine the underlying cause of amenorrhea, such as:
1. Blood tests to measure hormone levels, including estrogen, progesterone, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
2. Imaging tests, such as ultrasound or MRI, to evaluate the ovaries and uterus
3. Laparoscopy, a minimally invasive procedure that allows the doctor to visually examine the ovaries and fallopian tubes
4. Hysteroscopy, a procedure that allows the doctor to examine the inside of the uterus
Treatment:
The treatment of amenorrhea depends on the underlying cause. Some common treatments include:
1. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to restore hormone balance and promote menstruation
2. Medications to stimulate ovulation, such as clomiphene citrate or letrozole
3. Surgery to remove fibroids, cysts, or other structural abnormalities that may be contributing to amenorrhea
4. Infertility treatments, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), if the patient is experiencing difficulty getting pregnant
5. Lifestyle changes, such as weight loss or exercise, to improve overall health and promote menstruation
Prevention:
There is no specific way to prevent amenorrhea, but maintaining a healthy lifestyle and managing any underlying medical conditions can help reduce the risk of developing the condition. Some tips for prevention include:
1. Eating a balanced diet that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein sources
2. Exercising regularly to maintain a healthy weight and improve overall health
3. Managing stress through relaxation techniques, such as yoga or meditation
4. Getting enough sleep each night
5. Avoiding excessive alcohol consumption and smoking
6. Maintaining a healthy body mass index (BMI) to reduce the risk of developing hormonal imbalances
7. Managing any underlying medical conditions, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, or adrenal gland disorders
8. Avoiding exposure to harmful chemicals and toxins that can disrupt hormone balance.
Quingestanol acetate
... was used as an oral, once-a-month, or postcoital hormonal contraceptive. Quingestanol acetate is a ... "Further experience with quingestanol acetate as a postcoital oral contraceptive". Contraception. 9 (3): 221-5. doi:10.1016/0010 ... It has weak androgenic and estrogenic activity and no other important hormonal activity. The medication is a prodrug of ... Lara Marks (2010). Sexual Chemistry: A History of the Contraceptive Pill. Yale University Press. pp. 73-. ISBN 978-0-300-16791- ...
Emergency contraception
Like all hormonal methods, postcoital high-dose progestin-only oral contraceptive pills do not protect against sexually ... Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are sometimes referred to as emergency hormonal contraception (EHC). They are taken after ... In May 1973, in an attempt to restrict off-label use of DES as a postcoital contraceptive to emergency situations such as rape ... In February 1975, the FDA said it had not yet approved DES as a postcoital contraceptive, but would after March 8, 1975, permit ...
List of MeSH codes (D27)
... contraceptives, postcoital MeSH D27.505.696.875.360.276.310.235 - contraceptives, postcoital, hormonal MeSH D27.505.696.875. ... contraceptives, postcoital MeSH D27.505.954.705.360.276.310.235 - contraceptives, postcoital, hormonal MeSH D27.505.954.705. ... contraceptives, oral, combined MeSH D27.505.696.875.360.276.210.277 - contraceptives, oral, hormonal MeSH D27.505.696.875. ... contraceptives, oral, combined MeSH D27.505.954.705.360.276.210.277 - contraceptives, oral, hormonal MeSH D27.505.954.705. ...
Gestrinone
The medication has also been investigated as an emergency post-coital contraceptive. The medication is contraindicated in ... Due to its antigonadotropic effects and ability to inhibit ovulation, gestrinone has been studied as a method of hormonal birth ...
Yuzpe regimen
... undertook an investigation into the use of progestogen-only tablets as an Emergency Hormonal Contraceptive (i.e. without any ... "A multicenter clinical investigation employing ethinyl estradiol combined with dl-norgestrel as postcoital contraceptive agent ... 1]Yuzpe AA, Thurlow HJ, Ramzy I, Leyshon JI (August 1974). "Post coital contraception-A pilot study". J Reprod Med. 13 (2): 53- ... Typically, the Yuzpe regimen uses several doses of combined oral contraceptive pills. It may be preferred in locations where ...
Cervical ectropion
Hormonal therapy may be indicated for symptomatic erosion. If it becomes troublesome to the patient, it can be treated by ... and in women taking oral contraceptive, which increases the total estrogen level in the body. It also may be a congenital ... It may also give rise to post-coital bleeding, as fine blood vessels present within the columnar epithelium are easily ... While many women are born with cervical ectropion, it can be caused by a number of reasons, such as: Hormonal changes, meaning ...
Intermenstrual bleeding
The term breakthrough bleeding or breakthrough spotting is usually used for women using hormonal contraceptives, such as IUDs ... Menometrorrhagia Istihadha Menstruation Menstruation in Islam Postcoital bleeding Vaginal bleeding Withdrawal bleeding Culture ... It may also occur with other hormonal contraceptives. Sometimes, breakthrough bleeding is classified as abnormal and thereby as ... If spotting continues beyond the first 3-4 cycles of oral contraceptive use, a woman should have her prescription adjusted to a ...
Diethylstilbestrol
To discourage off-label use of DES as a postcoital contraceptive, the FDA in 1975 removed DES 25 mg tablets from the market and ... DES was the hormonal treatment of choice for advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women until 1977, when the FDA approved ... In 1973, in an attempt to restrict off-label use of DES as a postcoital contraceptive (which had become prevalent at many ... regimen of certain regular combined oral contraceptive pills superseded off-label use of DES as a postcoital contraceptive. In ...
Nisterime acetate
... that was developed as a postcoital contraceptive but was never marketed. It is an androgen ester - specifically, the C17α ... 33-1). This compound was found to interrupt pregnancy in a number of species, but the fact that it has no hormonal activity is ... However, it has also been reported that the drug lacks hormonal activity in bioassays, including androgenic, estrogenic, or ... Hormonal contraception, Nitrobenzenes, Organochlorides, Steroid oximes, Ketoximes, All stub articles, Steroid stubs, Genito- ...
Nisterime
The C17α acetate ester of nisterime, nisterime acetate (ORF-9326), also exists and was developed as a postcoital contraceptive ... Hormonal contraception, Nitrobenzenes, Organochlorides, Steroid oximes, Ketoximes, All stub articles, Steroid stubs, Genito- ...
Progestogen (medication)
Lewis CA, Kimmig AS, Zsido RG, Jank A, Derntl B, Sacher J (November 2019). "Effects of Hormonal Contraceptives on Mood: A Focus ... At the 0.5 mg/day dose MA does not inhibit ovulation but does reduce sperm motility in post-coital tests (68). Vessey, M.P.; ... combined contraceptive patches, combined contraceptive vaginal rings, and combined injectable contraceptives; and progestogen- ... Casado-Espada NM, de Alarcón R, de la Iglesia-Larrad JI, Bote-Bonaechea B, Montejo ÁL (June 2019). "Hormonal Contraceptives, ...
Comparison of birth control methods
Compared to combined hormonal contraceptives, progestin-only contraceptives typically produce a more regular bleeding pattern. ... "Efficacy and side effects of immediate postcoital levonorgestrel used repeatedly for contraception. United Nations Development ... Combined hormonal contraceptives contain estrogen and progestin hormones. They can come in formulations such as a pills, ... Side effects from hormonal contraceptives typically disappear over time (3-5 months) with consistent use. Less common effects ...
Sexual dysfunction
Post-coital tristesse (PCT) is a feeling of melancholy and anxiety after sexual intercourse that lasts for up to two hours. ... Irritation from contraceptive creams and foams can also cause dryness, as can fear and anxiety about sex. It is unclear exactly ... The hormonal changes that take place during the menopausal transition have been suggested to affect women's sexual response ... Other hormonal causes of erectile failure include brain tumors, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, or adrenal gland disorders. ...
Levonorgestrel
Rubio B, Berman E, Larranaga A, Guiloff E (1970). "A new postcoital oral contraceptive". Contraception. 1 (5): 303-314. doi: ... Leung VW, Levine M, Soon JA (February 2010). "Mechanisms of action of hormonal emergency contraceptives". Pharmacotherapy. 30 ( ... These formulations are used as emergency contraceptives, normal contraceptives, or in menopausal hormone therapy for the ... Levonorgestrel is currently the most androgenic progestin that is used in contraceptives, and contraceptives containing ...
Copper IUD
Some barrier contraceptives protect against STIs. Hormonal contraceptives reduce the risk of developing pelvic inflammatory ... Lippes, J; Malik, T; Tatum, HJ (1976). "The postcoital copper-T". Adv Plan Parent. 11 (1): 24-9. PMID 976578. Cheng, L; ... It is recommended for people who don't tolerate or hardly tolerate hormonal contraceptives. If a woman becomes pregnant with an ... Data in the United States does not distinguish between hormonal and non-hormonal IUDs. In Europe, copper IUD prevalence ranges ...
Vaginal bleeding
Hormonal management is usually the first option used to treat acute abnormal uterine bleeding. These hormonal medications ... Postcoital bleeding is bleeding that occurs after sexual intercourse. Lastly, a normal and common side effect of birth control ... The risk of breakthrough bleeding with oral contraceptives is greater if pills are missed. Not classified: The Not Classified ... Generally, it is either part of a normal menstrual cycle or is caused by hormonal or other problems of the reproductive system ...
Norethisterone acetate
NETA is used as a hormonal contraceptive in combination with estrogen, in the treatment of gynecological disorders such as ... "Comparative cross-over pharmacokinetic study on two types of postcoital contraceptive tablets containing levonorgestrel". ... NETA has been studied for use as a potential male hormonal contraceptive in combination with testosterone in men. ... Hormonal Contraception and Post-menopausal Hormonal Therapy (PDF). IARC. p. 65. ISBN 978-92-832-1272-0. "Drugs@FDA: FDA ...
Postcoital bleeding
Halpern, Vera; Raymond, Elizabeth G; Lopez, Laureen M (2014). "Repeated use of pre- and postcoital hormonal contraception for ... Other associations were noted such as the presence of leukoplakia of the cervix, an intrauterine contraceptive device, cervical ... Postcoital bleeding has been most studied in women in the US. In a large Taiwanese study, the overall incidence of postcoital ... Those with postcoital bleeding had a higher risk of cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer. Benign causes of postcoital ...
Norgestrel
"A Multicenter Clinical Investigation Employing Ethinyl Estradiol Combined with dl-Norgestrel as Postcoital Contraceptive Agent ... As such, norgestrel is identical in its hormonal activity to levonorgestrel except that it is half as potent by weight. ... It has also been used as an emergency contraceptive in the Yuzpe regimen. Norgestrel is a progestogen, or an agonist of the ... It has weak androgenic activity and no other important hormonal activity. Norgestrel was patented in 1961 and came into medical ...
Reproductive rights
Many unintended pregnancies stem from traditional contraceptive methods or no contraceptive measures. Youth sexual education in ... Sweden also has a high self-reported rate of postcoital pill use. A 2007 anonymous survey of Swedish 18-year-olds showed that ... Intersex persons are often subjected to involuntary "sex normalizing" surgical and hormonal treatments in infancy and childhood ... "Fact Sheet: Contraceptive Use in the United States". Guttmacher Institute. 4 August 2004. Archived from the original on 4 ...
Birth control
Shulman LP (October 2011). "The state of hormonal contraception today: benefits and risks of hormonal contraceptives: combined ... Halpern V, Raymond EG, Lopez LM (September 2014). "Repeated use of pre- and postcoital hormonal contraception for prevention of ... Burke AE (October 2011). "The state of hormonal contraception today: benefits and risks of hormonal contraceptives: progestin- ... innovations in contraceptive agents: tomorrow's hormonal contraceptive agents and their clinical implications". American ...
Semen quality
A few studies on animals have shown that such a hormonal effect may be significant and decrease fertility. On the other hand, ... Depo-Provera, Adjudin, and gossypol are examples of substances used as male contraceptives or in chemical castration. Recent ... Presence of antisperm antibodies may be responsible for sperm agglutination, reduced sperm motility, abnormal postcoital test. ...
Nafoxidine
The drug was originally synthesized by the fertility control program at Upjohn as a postcoital contraceptive, but was ... Hormonal antineoplastic drugs, Phenol ethers, Pyrrolidines, Selective estrogen receptor modulators, Triphenylethylenes). ...
Human sexual activity
... hormonal contraception or sterilization. The effectiveness of the various contraceptive methods in avoiding pregnancy varies ... It serves to release tension, elevate mood, and possibly create a profound sense of relaxation, especially in the postcoital ... The development of the contraceptive pill and other highly effective forms of contraception in the mid- and late 20th century ...
Female infertility
A postcoital test, which is done soon after intercourse to check for problems with sperm surviving in cervical mucous (not ... Other hormonal changes in chemotherapy include decrease in inhibin B and anti-Müllerian hormone levels. Women may choose ... World Health Organization Collaborative Study of Neoplasia and Steroid Contraceptives". American Journal of Epidemiology. 148 ( ... "In-vitro cervical mucus-sperm penetration tests and outcome of infertility treatments in couples with repeatedly negative post-coital ...
Estradiol (medication)
... natural estradiol itself is also used in some hormonal contraceptives, including in estradiol-containing oral contraceptives ... May 1990). "Comparative cross-over pharmacokinetic study on two types of postcoital contraceptive tablets containing ... Hormonal contraceptives contain a progestin and/or estrogen and prevent ovulation and thus the possibility of pregnancy by ... Fruzzetti F, Cagnacci A (2018). "Venous thrombosis and hormonal contraception: what's new with estradiol-based hormonal ...
Spermicide
VCF Vaginal Contraceptive Film VCF Vaginal Contraceptive Gel VCF Contraceptive Foam Conceptrol Crinone Encare Endometrin First- ... While the authors of the Krest Bitter Lemon study suggested its use as a postcoital douche, this is unlikely to be effective, ... the First and Only Non-Hormonal Prescription Gel for the Prevention of Pregnancy". Evofem Biosciences (Press release). 22 May ... As a contraceptive, spermicide may be used alone. However, the pregnancy rate experienced by couples using only spermicide is ...
Pregnancy from rape
"A multicenter clinical investigation employing ethinyl estradiol combined with dl-norgestrel as postcoital contraceptive agent ... where hormonal release, due to fear or anger, could produce reflex ovulation". Smith also cites veterinary scientist Wolfgang ... Protocol for gaining a history of the use of contraceptives, as a woman's use of birth control pills or other contraceptives ... decrease their future likelihood of using contraceptives such as condoms, and increase their chances of becoming pregnant or ...
Evolutionary psychology
Providing benchmark rates for assessment of post-coital contraceptives". Contraception. 63 (4): 211-15. doi:10.1016/S0010-7824( ... research is that ancestral women would have evolved mechanisms to select mates with certain traits depending on their hormonal ...
MeSH Browser
Postcoital contraceptives which owe their effectiveness to hormonal preparations.. Terms. Contraceptives, Postcoital, Hormonal ... Contraceptives, Postcoital, Hormonal [D27.505.696.875.360.276.310.235] * Contraceptives, Postcoital, Synthetic [D27.505.696.875 ... Contraceptives, Postcoital, Hormonal [D27.505.954.705.360.276.310.235] * Contraceptives, Postcoital, Synthetic [D27.505.954.705 ... Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal [D27.505.696.875.360.360.500] * Contraceptives, Postcoital, Hormonal [D27.505.696.875.360.360. ...
DeCS
Contraceptives, Postcoital, Hormonal - Preferred Concept UI. M0005124. Scope note. Postcoital contraceptives which owe their ... Postcoital contraceptives which owe their effectiveness to hormonal preparations.. Annotation:. pregn despite use: see note on ... anticonceptivos postcoitales hormonales Scope note:. Anticonceptivos poscoitales que deben su eficacia a los preparados ... CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS. Allowable Qualifiers:. AD administration & dosage. AE adverse effects. AG agonists. AI antagonists & ...
MeSH Browser
Postcoital contraceptives which owe their effectiveness to hormonal preparations.. Terms. Contraceptives, Postcoital, Hormonal ... Contraceptives, Postcoital, Hormonal [D27.505.696.875.360.276.310.235] * Contraceptives, Postcoital, Synthetic [D27.505.696.875 ... Contraceptives, Postcoital, Hormonal [D27.505.954.705.360.276.310.235] * Contraceptives, Postcoital, Synthetic [D27.505.954.705 ... Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal [D27.505.696.875.360.360.500] * Contraceptives, Postcoital, Hormonal [D27.505.696.875.360.360. ...
Contraception after unprotected sex - PubMed
... are the most common emergency contraceptive method. Other hormonal methods of postcoital contraception are progestin-only OCs ( ... Oral contraceptives (OCs) and IUDs can be used as safe and effective postcoital contraceptive methods. Since postcoital ... Post-coital contraception. Haspels AA. Haspels AA. IPPF Med Bull. 1988 Oct;22(5):1-3. IPPF Med Bull. 1988. PMID: 12281624 ... Post coital contraception. Haspels AA, Van Santen MR. Haspels AA, et al. J Gynaecol Endocrinol. 1986;2(1-2):17-24. J Gynaecol ...
NIH Guide: SYNTHESIS AND TESTING OF NEW ANTIPROGESTATIONAL AGENTS
Such antagonists should, desirably, also have minimal hormonal and other antihormonal activities for use as contraceptive ... antiprogestational agents as postcoital antifertility agents. The goals of this acquisition are to design, synthesize, and test ... Contraceptives National Institute of Child Health and Human Development The Contraceptive Development Branch of the Center for ... antiprogestational activity of compounds submitted to the Contraceptive Development Branch under the auspices of this ...
Profile of the free distribution of emergency contraception for adolescents in São Paulo's counties
Palavras-chave : health management; family planning; birth control; adolescent; contraceptives post-coital hormonal; emergency ... in the distribution of emergency contraceptive to adolescents in cases of the failure or non-use of the regular contraceptive. ... as well as the prejudice towards adolescent sexual practices-leading to the purchasing of emergency contraceptive in drugstores ...
Contraceptives postcoital synthetic. Medical search
Contraceptives, PostcoitalContraceptives, Postcoital, HormonalContraceptives, OralContraceptives, Oral, CombinedContraceptive ... Contraceptives, PostcoitalContraceptives, Postcoital, HormonalContraceptives, OralCoitusContraceptives, Oral, Combined ... Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal [38]. Contraceptives, Postcoital [5]. Contraceptives, Postcoital, Synthetic [1]. Contract ... Contraceptives, Synthetic Postcoital Postcoital Contraceptive Agents, Synthetic Postcoital Contraceptives, Synthetic Synthetic ...
Emergency contraception : Guidelines, reviews, epidemiology
Prevalence of emergency contraceptive pill use among Spanish adolescent girls and their family and psychological profiles [2018 ... Levonorgestrel-containing emergency hormonal contraception: advice on interactions with hepatic enzyme inducers and ... Emergency contraceptive pill use among women in Denmark, Norway and Sweden: Population-based survey [2020] ... Use and awareness of emergency contraceptives among women of reproductive age in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review [2022] ...
Search | The Embryo Project Encyclopedia
The NuvaRing is a self-administered hormonal contraceptive device in the form of a flexible plastic ring that is inserted into ... Post-Coital Oral Emergency Contraception. Post-coital oral emergency contraception is used for the prevention of pregnancy ... Enovid was the first hormonal birth control pill. G. D. Searle and Company began marketing Enovid as a contraceptive in 1960. ... Plan B: Emergency Contraceptive Pill. Plan B is a progestin-only emergency contraceptive pill (ECP) that can be taken within ...
References - US SPR | CDC
Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer. Breast cancer and hormonal contraceptives: collaborative reanalysis ... Effects of ethinyl estradiol and ibuprofen compared to placebo on endometrial bleeding, cervical mucus and the postcoital test ... Effect of missed combined hormonal contraceptives on contraceptive effectiveness: a systematic review. Contraception 2013;87: ... The effects of hormonal contraceptive use among women with viral hepatitis or cirrhosis of the liver: a systematic review. ...
Mechanism of Action
Effect of post-coital contraceptive methods on the endometrium and the menstrual cycle. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1996;75:738- ... Mechanism of action of hormonal preparations used for emergency contraception: a review of the literature. Contraception. 2001; ... A possible mechanism of action of danazol and an ethinyl estradiol/norgestrel combination used as postcoital contraceptive ... Postcoital administration of levonorgestrel does not interfere with post-fertilization events in the new-world monkey Cebus ...
Emergency contraception: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
MORE ABOUT EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS. Women of any age can buy Plan B One-Step and Next Choice at a pharmacy without a ... Allen RH, Kaunitz AM, Hickey M, Brennan A. Hormonal contraception. In: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, ... Morning-after pill; Postcoital contraception; Birth control - emergency; Plan B; Family planning - emergency contraception ... However, research suggests that emergency contraceptives have no long-term effects on the pregnancy or developing baby. ...
Diethylstilbestrol (DES) - Doyle's Space
As an emergency postcoital contraceptive. *As a means of chemical castration for hypersexuality and paraphilias in men and sex ... In cats, DES has been used to treat hormonal disorders such as diabetes mellitus and hyperthyroidism. Diethylstilbestrol binds ... including the treatment of certain hormonal disorders in dogs and cats, and as an aid in the treatment of some forms of cancer ... were attempting to develop a synthetic form of estrogen for use in the treatment of menopausal symptoms and other hormonal ...
What is an Abnormal Period? - Causes and Treatment
Have tried birth control techniques like the post-coital contraceptive pill. *Your cervix, vagina, or another part of the ... Hormonal imbalances (diseases including hyperprolactinemia, PCOS, and hypothyroidism might interfere with the menstrual cycle) ... Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD causes heavier periods by acting as a foreign entity inside the uterus) ...
Skill Checkup: A Woman Expresses Interest in Birth Control
Search | African Index Medicus (AIM)
Study Publications - Early Pregnancy Study (EPS)
Li D, Wilcox AJ, Dunson D. Benchmark Pregnancy Rates and the Assessment of Post-coital Contraceptives: An Update. Contraception ... Baird DD, Weinberg CR, Wilcox AJ, McConnaughey DR, Musey PI, Collins DC: Hormonal profiles of natural conception cycles ending ... providing benchmark rates for assessment of post-coital contraceptives. Contraception 63:211-5, 2001. [Abstract Wilcox AJ, ... providing benchmark rates for assessment of post-coital contraceptives. Contraception 63:211-5, 2001.] ...
Búsqueda | BVS Nicaragua
... interval hormonal contraceptive start, and 4) interval hormonal contraceptive stop. The primary outcome was difference in BI- ... Anticoncepción Postcoital , Anticonceptivos Poscoito , Dispositivos Intrauterinos de Cobre , Norpregnadienos , Embarazo , ... compared to those with no hormonal contraceptive exposure. Initiation of combined oral contraceptives was associated with an ... Patients were categorized into four cohorts based on hormonal contraceptive exposure during a 2-year lead-in period and a 7.5- ...
TERM
Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic Contraceptives, Postcoital Contraceptives, Postcoital, Hormonal Contraceptives, Postcoital, ... Postcoital Contraceptive Agents Contraceptive Agents, Female Contraceptive Agents, Male Contraceptive Devices Contraceptive ... Contraceptive Prevalence Surveys Contraceptives, Oral Contraceptives, Oral, Combined Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal ... Hormonal Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Antineoplastic Protocols Antioxidant ...
Erectile Dysfunction (Impotence) Diagnosis
Infertility - Learn about INFERTILITY TREATMENT and it's Causes
Some men with hormonal problems may note a change in their voice or pattern of hair growth, enlargement of their breasts, or ... Postcoital test (Sims-Huhner test) examines the cervical mucus for motile sperm cells following intercourse that takes place at ... Endometriosis requires drug therapy (danazol or medroxyprogesterone, or noncyclic administration of oral contraceptives), ... Complex hormonal interactions determine the normal function of the female reproductive tract and require an intact ...
MeSH Browser
DailyMed - ELLA- ulipristal acetate tablet
Hormonal contraceptives: ella may impact the effect of the progestin component of hormonal contraceptives. Therefore, if a ... of rabbits when given on post-coital days 5 or 6 at drug exposures 4 and 12 times the human exposure based on body surface area ... Hormonal Contraceptives after ella intake: When a combined oral contraceptive pill (COC) containing ethinyl estradiol 30 µg + ... Hormonal contraceptives: Progestin-containing contraceptives may impair the ability of ella to delay ovulation [see Warnings ...
National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 1995
Oral contraceptives Contraceptive implants Foams, jellies Norplant checkup Norplant insertion (also code 4520.0) 3510.0 ... Postcoital bleeding, female 1760.0 Vaginal discharge Includes: Bloody, brown, white (leukorrhea), excessive 1765.0 Other ... Hormonal/Biological Response Mod. 1481 Antimetabolites 1482 Antibiotics,Alkaloids,Enzymes 1483 DNA Damaging Drugs 1500 ... Contraceptive, NOS Sterilization Infertility Genetics Contraception followup, NOS Excludes: Specified types of birth control: ...
CDC Science Clips
Hormonal contraceptive use in the month prior to the study visit was significantly associated with clinical diagnosis at any ... study and women in the contraceptive efficacy study completed condom self-reports and collected pre and postcoital vaginal ... not experiencing any RC) was associated with reduced odds of contraceptive use in the past 3 months (adjusted odds ratio [aOR ... Studies that assessed contraception found no change in use, while some studies found a decrease in contraceptive access overall ...
Classification-Index
PMID- 5157683
PMID- 5166415 TI - Hormonal influences on the maltase activities of testis and prostate of rats. PMID- 5166416 TI - Current ... PMID- 5166162 TI - Post-coital unilateral ovariectomy and ipsilateral survival of the conceptus. PMID- 5166163 TI - Zinc and ... PMID- 5166361 TI - Breast-milk jaundice and oral contraceptives. AB - Among breast-fed infants in the normal lying-in wards of ... PMID- 5166538 TI - Observations on the use of the exercise-wheel in relation to the social rank and hormonal conditions in the ...
Post-coital contraceptive1
- Effect of post-coital contraceptive methods on the endometrium and the menstrual cycle. (arhp.org)
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES3
- Oral contraceptives (OCs) and IUDs can be used as safe and effective postcoital contraceptive methods. (nih.gov)
- It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES. (lookformedical.com)
- It is used as the estrogen component of many combination ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES. (lookformedical.com)
Pregnancy13
- Compounds, usually hormonal, taken orally in order to block ovulation and prevent the occurrence of pregnancy. (lookformedical.com)
- Means of postcoital intervention to avoid pregnancy, such as the administration of POSTCOITAL CONTRACEPTIVES to prevent FERTILIZATION of an egg or implantation of a fertilized egg (OVUM IMPLANTATION). (lookformedical.com)
- Unintended accidental pregnancy, including pregnancy resulting from failed contraceptive measures. (lookformedical.com)
- Postcoital contraception does not prevent a pregnancy in every instance. (who.int)
- Pregnancy should be ruled out, if no bleed occurs in the next pill-free period following the use of levonorgestrel after regular hormonal contraception. (who.int)
- In "Explaining Recent Declines in Adolescent Pregnancy in the United States: The Contribution of Abstinence and Improved Contraceptive Use," hereafter "Explaining Recent Declines," researchers John S. Santelli, Laura Duberstein Lindberg, Lawrence B. Finer, and Susheela Singh discuss what led to the major decline in US adolescent pregnancy rates from 1995 to 2002. (asu.edu)
- Working with the Guttmacher Institute, a reproductive health research organization, they found that the decline in US adolescent pregnancy rates between 1995 and 2002 was primarily due to improved contraceptive use. (asu.edu)
- Plan B is a progestin-only emergency contraceptive pill (ECP) that can be taken within seventy-two hours of unprotected sex in order to prevent an unwanted pregnancy. (asu.edu)
- However, research suggests that emergency contraceptives have no long-term effects on the pregnancy or developing baby. (medlineplus.gov)
- Li D, Wilcox AJ, Dunson D. Benchmark Pregnancy Rates and the Assessment of Post-coital Contraceptives: An Update. (nih.gov)
- ella is a progesterone agonist/antagonist emergency contraceptive indicated for prevention of pregnancy following unprotected intercourse or a known or suspected contraceptive failure. (nih.gov)
- A history of ectopic pregnancy is not a contraindication to use of this emergency contraceptive method. (nih.gov)
- Both the hormonal and copper IUDs are >98-99% successful at preventing pregnancy. (dtapclinic.com)
Estrogen1
- The researchers were attempting to develop a synthetic form of estrogen for use in the treatment of menopausal symptoms and other hormonal disorders. (doyletatum.com)
Effectiveness1
- Postcoital contraceptives which owe their effectiveness to hormonal preparations. (nih.gov)
Imbalance1
- Oligo-ovulation may be due to a mild hormonal imbalance in gonadotropin production and regulation and may be caused by polycystic disease of the ovary or abnormalities in the adrenal or thyroid gland that adversely affect hypothalamic-pituitary function. (womens-health-club.com)
Compounds1
- The Government will carry out in vivo biological assays required to establish the antiprogestational activity of compounds submitted to the Contraceptive Development Branch under the auspices of this acquisition. (nih.gov)
Emergency7
- Emergency contraception can be a backup contraceptive method under circumstances of incorrect method use or method failure. (nih.gov)
- Other barriers to emergency contraceptive use are that clinics are closed at night and during the weekend when the need is highest, and the requirements for prescription. (nih.gov)
- Combined OCs (2 doses of 100 mcg ethinyl estradiol + 0.5 mg levonorgestrel taken 12 hours apart) are the most common emergency contraceptive method. (nih.gov)
- Cases of sexual violence are fundamentally attended to, but excluding these cases, there is a drop of 10 to 30 percentage points in the distribution of emergency contraceptive to adolescents in cases of the failure or non-use of the regular contraceptive. (bvsalud.org)
- This position is due in part to health care professionals not being up to date on the laws and federal norms concerning Sexual and Reproductive Health, and also to the lack of knowledge of the method's mechanism action (sometimes identified as dangerous or abortive), as well as the prejudice towards adolescent sexual practices-leading to the purchasing of emergency contraceptive in drugstores and its incorrect use. (bvsalud.org)
- Women who have used enzyme-inducing drugs during the last 4 weeks and need emergency contraception are recommended to use a non-hormonal EC (emergency contraception), i.e. (who.int)
- Two emergency contraceptive pills may be bought without a prescription. (medlineplus.gov)
LEVONORGESTREL1
- The use of levonorgestrel does not contraindicate the continuation of regular hormonal contraception. (who.int)
Uterus1
- The hormonal IUD is a soft, flexible plastic device which contains the progestin hormone and releases small amounts of it gradually and regularly into the walls of the uterus. (dtapclinic.com)
Failure3
- Postcoital contraception within 72 hours of unprotected sexual intercourse or failure of a contraceptive method. (who.int)
- Trussell J. Contraceptive failure in the United States. (cdc.gov)
- One tablet taken orally as soon as possible, within 120 hours (5 days) after unprotected intercourse or a known or suspected contraceptive failure. (nih.gov)
Indication1
- There is no relevant use of Tomonil children of prepubertal age in the indication postcoital contraception. (who.int)
AGENTS6
- The introduction of oral hormonal contraception and its wide- agents, cyproterone acetate and drospirenone, which are effec- spread acceptance revolutionised the lives of women across tive methods of contraception.9-11 the globe. (who.int)
- Such antagonists should, desirably, also have minimal hormonal and other antihormonal activities for use as contraceptive agents. (nih.gov)
- Chemical substances or agents with contraceptive activity in females. (lookformedical.com)
- Use for female contraceptive agents in general or for which there is no specific heading. (lookformedical.com)
- A synthetic progestational hormone used often as the progestogenic component of combined oral contraceptive agents. (lookformedical.com)
- A possible mechanism of action of danazol and an ethinyl estradiol/norgestrel combination used as postcoital contraceptive agents. (arhp.org)
Pill4
- It was the first contraceptive pill marketed worldwide. (asu.edu)
- The first contraceptive pill, called Enovid, had been on the market since June 1960, and Rock was one of the leading researchers in its development. (asu.edu)
- Katharine Dexter McCormick, who contributed the majority of funding for the development of the oral contraceptive pill, was born to Josephine and Wirt Dexter on 27 August 1875 in Dexter, Michigan. (asu.edu)
- Born on 24 March 1890 in Marlborough, Massachusetts, to Ann and Frank Rock, John Charles Rock was both a devout Catholic and one of the leading investigators involved in the development of the first oral contraceptive pill. (asu.edu)
Intervention1
- Almost 90% (87.3%) indicated that an education intervention regarding hormonal contraception is needed at the university. (who.int)
20161
- U.S. medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use, 2016. (cdc.gov)
Disorders3
- Norgestrel is used as a contraceptive, ovulation inhibitor, and for the control of menstrual disorders and endometriosis. (lookformedical.com)
- Diethylstilbestrol (DES) has also been used in veterinary medicine for a variety of purposes, including the treatment of certain hormonal disorders in dogs and cats, and as an aid in the treatment of some forms of cancer in dogs. (doyletatum.com)
- In cats, DES has been used to treat hormonal disorders such as diabetes mellitus and hyperthyroidism. (doyletatum.com)
Method3
Recommendations2
Female2
- This study aimed to assess the use, knowledge and attitudes regarding hormonal contraception of female first-year students across various health profession courses. (who.int)
- Complex hormonal interactions determine the normal function of the female reproductive tract and require an intact hypothalamicpituitary-ovarian axis system that stimulates and regulates the production of hormones necessary for normal sexual development and function. (womens-health-club.com)
Removal1
- Hormonal IUD lasts 5 years and Nova-T lasts 2.5 years, after which removal or replacement is necessary. (dtapclinic.com)
Note1
- Some men with hormonal problems may note a change in their voice or pattern of hair growth, enlargement of their breasts, or difficulty with sexual function. (womens-health-club.com)
Devices2
- Contraceptive devices used by females. (lookformedical.com)
- Contraceptive devices placed high in the uterine fundus. (lookformedical.com)
Effects3
- New hormonal products offer more effective solutions with fewer side effects. (who.int)
- Since postcoital contraception is less effective and may cause bothersome side effects (e.g., nausea), it should not be used often. (nih.gov)
- What are the common side effects of the hormonal IUD? (dtapclinic.com)
Combination1
- Mode of action of DL-norgestrel and ethinyl estradiol combination in postcoital contraception. (arhp.org)
Work1
- How does the hormonal IUD work? (dtapclinic.com)
Providers1
- Folger S. Guidance for providers on contraceptive use. (cdc.gov)
Effect1
- 21 argued that most, if not all, of the contraceptive effect of both combined and progestin-only ECPs can be explained by inhibited or dysfunctional ovulation. (arhp.org)
Purposes1
- Fixed drug combinations administered orally for contraceptive purposes. (lookformedical.com)
