Compound eye arthropod. Medical search

Members of the phylum Arthropoda, composed of organisms having a hard, jointed exoskeleton and paired jointed legs. It includes the class INSECTS and the subclass ARACHNIDA, many species of which are important medically as parasites or as vectors of organisms capable of causing disease in man.

Light sensory organ in ARTHROPODS consisting of a large number of ommatidia, each functioning as an independent photoreceptor unit.

The organ of sight constituting a pair of globular organs made up of a three-layered roughly spherical structure specialized for receiving and responding to light.

Specialized cells in the invertebrates that detect and transduce light. They are predominantly rhabdomeric with an array of photosensitive microvilli. Illumination depolarizes invertebrate photoreceptors by stimulating Na+ influx across the plasma membrane.

Processes and properties of the EYE as a whole or of any of its parts.

Arthropods, other than insects and arachnids, which transmit infective organisms from one host to another or from an inanimate reservoir to an animate host.

A large subphylum of mostly marine ARTHROPODS containing over 42,000 species. They include familiar arthropods such as lobsters (NEPHROPIDAE), crabs (BRACHYURA), shrimp (PENAEIDAE), and barnacles (THORACICA).

In invertebrate zoology, a lateral lobe of the FOREBRAIN in certain ARTHROPODS. In vertebrate zoology, either of the corpora bigemina of non-mammalian VERTEBRATES. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1329)

An order of the class Insecta. Wings, when present, number two and distinguish Diptera from other so-called flies, while the halteres, or reduced hindwings, separate Diptera from other insects with one pair of wings. The order includes the families Calliphoridae, Oestridae, Phoridae, SARCOPHAGIDAE, Scatophagidae, Sciaridae, SIMULIIDAE, Tabanidae, Therevidae, Trypetidae, CERATOPOGONIDAE; CHIRONOMIDAE; CULICIDAE; DROSOPHILIDAE; GLOSSINIDAE; MUSCIDAE; TEPHRITIDAE; and PSYCHODIDAE. The larval form of Diptera species are called maggots (see LARVA).

A genus of small, two-winged flies containing approximately 900 described species. These organisms are the most extensively studied of all genera from the standpoint of genetics and cytology.

The process in which light signals are transformed by the PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS into electrical signals which can then be transmitted to the brain.

The class Insecta, in the phylum ARTHROPODA, whose members are characterized by division into three parts: head, thorax, and abdomen. They are the dominant group of animals on earth; several hundred thousand different kinds having been described. Three orders, HEMIPTERA; DIPTERA; and SIPHONAPTERA; are of medical interest in that they cause disease in humans and animals. (From Borror et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p1)

Proteins that originate from insect species belonging to the genus DROSOPHILA. The proteins from the most intensely studied species of Drosophila, DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER, are the subject of much interest in the area of MORPHOGENESIS and development.

Proteins found in any species of insect.

Diseases affecting the eye.

A species of fruit fly much used in genetics because of the large size of its chromosomes.

Voluntary or reflex-controlled movements of the eye.

Insect members of the superfamily Apoidea, found almost everywhere, particularly on flowers. About 3500 species occur in North America. They differ from most WASPS in that their young are fed honey and pollen rather than animal food.

The ten-layered nervous tissue membrane of the eye. It is continuous with the OPTIC NERVE and receives images of external objects and transmits visual impulses to the brain. Its outer surface is in contact with the CHOROID and the inner surface with the VITREOUS BODY. The outer-most layer is pigmented, whereas the inner nine layers are transparent.

A genus in the family Blattidae containing several species, the most common being P. americana, the American cockroach.

Photosensitive protein complexes of varied light absorption properties which are expressed in the PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS. They are OPSINS conjugated with VITAMIN A-based chromophores. Chromophores capture photons of light, leading to the activation of opsins and a biochemical cascade that ultimately excites the photoreceptor cells.

Remains, impressions, or traces of animals or plants of past geological times which have been preserved in the earth's crust.

Arthropods of the class ARACHNIDA, order Araneae. Except for mites and ticks, spiders constitute the largest order of arachnids, with approximately 37,000 species having been described. The majority of spiders are harmless, although some species can be regarded as moderately harmful since their bites can lead to quite severe local symptoms. (From Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, 5th ed, p508; Smith, Insects and Other Arthropods of Medical Importance, 1973, pp424-430)

Specialized cells that detect and transduce light. They are classified into two types based on their light reception structure, the ciliary photoreceptors and the rhabdomeric photoreceptors with MICROVILLI. Ciliary photoreceptor cells use OPSINS that activate a PHOSPHODIESTERASE phosphodiesterase cascade. Rhabdomeric photoreceptor cells use opsins that activate a PHOSPHOLIPASE C cascade.

A ready-made or custom-made prosthesis of glass or plastic shaped and colored to resemble the anterior portion of a normal eye and used for cosmetic reasons. It is attached to the anterior portion of an orbital implant (ORBITAL IMPLANTS) which is placed in the socket of an enucleated or eviscerated eye. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Photosensitive proteins expressed in the CONE PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS. They are the protein components of cone photopigments. Cone opsins are classified by their peak absorption wavelengths.

Slender-bodies diurnal insects having large, broad wings often strikingly colored and patterned.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

Plant-eating orthopterans having hindlegs adapted for jumping. There are two main families: Acrididae and Romaleidae. Some of the more common genera are: Melanoplus, the most common grasshopper; Conocephalus, the eastern meadow grasshopper; and Pterophylla, the true katydid.

Insects of the order Dictyoptera comprising several families including Blaberidae, BLATTELLIDAE, Blattidae (containing the American cockroach PERIPLANETA americana), Cryptocercidae, and Polyphagidae.

The functional hereditary units of INSECTS.

The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.

Set of cell bodies and nerve fibers conducting impulses from the eyes to the cerebral cortex. It includes the RETINA; OPTIC NERVE; optic tract; and geniculocalcarine tract.

The anterior pair of the quadrigeminal bodies which coordinate the general behavioral orienting responses to visual stimuli, such as whole-body turning, and reaching.

That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared range.

An inactive stage between the larval and adult stages in the life cycle of insects.

A class of Arthropoda that includes SPIDERS; TICKS; MITES; and SCORPIONS.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The 2nd cranial nerve which conveys visual information from the RETINA to the brain. The nerve carries the axons of the RETINAL GANGLION CELLS which sort at the OPTIC CHIASM and continue via the OPTIC TRACTS to the brain. The largest projection is to the lateral geniculate nuclei; other targets include the SUPERIOR COLLICULI and the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEI. Though known as the second cranial nerve, it is considered part of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

The upper part of the human body, or the front or upper part of the body of an animal, typically separated from the rest of the body by a neck, and containing the brain, mouth, and sense organs.

The use of wings or wing-like appendages to remain aloft and move through the air.

Wormlike or grublike stage, following the egg in the life cycle of insects, worms, and other metamorphosing animals.

A wedge-shaped collar of epithelial cells which form the attachment of the gingiva to the tooth surface at the base of the gingival crevice.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.

A genus of bacteria comprised of a heterogenous group of gram-negative small rods and coccoid forms associated with arthropods. (From Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, vol 1, 1984)

A specialized field of physics and engineering involved in studying the behavior and properties of light and the technology of analyzing, generating, transmitting, and manipulating ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION in the visible, infrared, and ultraviolet range.

The development of anatomical structures to create the form of a single- or multi-cell organism. Morphogenesis provides form changes of a part, parts, or the whole organism.

An interdisciplinary field in materials science, ENGINEERING, and BIOLOGY, studying the use of biological principles for synthesis or fabrication of BIOMIMETIC MATERIALS.

Corneal and conjunctival dryness due to deficient tear production, predominantly in menopausal and post-menopausal women. Filamentary keratitis or erosion of the conjunctival and corneal epithelium may be caused by these disorders. Sensation of the presence of a foreign body in the eye and burning of the eyes may occur.

The adjustment of the eye to variations in the intensity of light. Light adaptation is the adjustment of the eye when the light threshold is increased; DARK ADAPTATION when the light is greatly reduced. (From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)

Profound physical changes during maturation of living organisms from the immature forms to the adult forms, such as from TADPOLES to frogs; caterpillars to BUTTERFLIES.

Proteins synthesized by organisms belonging to the phylum ARTHROPODA. Included in this heading are proteins from the subdivisions ARACHNIDA; CRUSTACEA; and HORSESHOE CRABS. Note that a separate heading for INSECT PROTEINS is listed under this heading.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.

A purplish-red, light-sensitive pigment found in RETINAL ROD CELLS of most vertebrates. It is a complex consisting of a molecule of ROD OPSIN and a molecule of 11-cis retinal (RETINALDEHYDE). Rhodopsin exhibits peak absorption wavelength at about 500 nm.

An infraorder of chiefly marine, largely carnivorous CRUSTACEA, in the order DECAPODA, including the genera Cancer, Uca, and Callinectes.

ANIMALS whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING, or their offspring.

Investigative technique commonly used during ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY in which a series of bright light flashes or visual patterns are used to elicit brain activity.

Tricyclic antidepressant similar in action and side effects to IMIPRAMINE. It may produce excitation.

Congenital absence of or defects in structures of the eye; may also be hereditary.

Photosensitive proteins expressed in the ROD PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS. They are the protein components of rod photoreceptor pigments such as RHODOPSIN.

The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

The total area or space visible in a person's peripheral vision with the eye looking straightforward.

Venoms from animals of the phylum Arthropoda. Those most investigated are from scorpions and spiders of the class Arachnidae and from ant, bee, and wasp families of the Insecta order Hymenoptera. The venoms contain protein toxins, enzymes, and other bioactive substances and may be lethal to man.

Injury to any part of the eye by extreme heat, chemical agents, or ultraviolet radiation.

A discipline or occupation concerned with the study of INSECTS, including the biology and the control of insects.

An aquatic genus of the family, Pipidae, occurring in Africa and distinguished by having black horny claws on three inner hind toes.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

INSECTS of the order Coleoptera, containing over 350,000 species in 150 families. They possess hard bodies and their mouthparts are adapted for chewing.

Arthropods of the order Scorpiones, of which 1500 to 2000 species have been described. The most common live in tropical or subtropical areas. They are nocturnal and feed principally on insects and other arthropods. They are large arachnids but do not attack man spontaneously. They have a venomous sting. Their medical significance varies considerably and is dependent on their habits and venom potency rather than on their size. At most, the sting is equivalent to that of a hornet but certain species possess a highly toxic venom potentially fatal to humans. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Smith, Insects and Other Arthropods of Medical Importance, 1973, p417; Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, 5th ed, p503)

The surgical removal of the eyeball leaving the eye muscles and remaining orbital contents intact.

A phylum of metazoan invertebrates comprising the segmented worms, and including marine annelids (POLYCHAETA), freshwater annelids, earthworms (OLIGOCHAETA), and LEECHES. Only the leeches are of medical interest. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Color of the iris.

A genus of small beetles of the family Tenebrionidae; T. confusum is the "confused flour beetle".

Proteins encoded by homeobox genes (GENES, HOMEOBOX) that exhibit structural similarity to certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins. Homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL).

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

One of the largest orders of mostly marine CRUSTACEA, containing over 10,000 species. Like AMPHIPODA, the other large order in the superorder Peracarida, members are shrimp-like in appearance, have sessile compound eyes, and no carapace. But unlike Amphipoda, they possess abdominal pleopods (modified as gills) and their bodies are dorsoventrally flattened.

Inorganic or organic compounds that contain sulfur as an integral part of the molecule.

A yellowish fossil resin, the gum of several species of coniferous trees, found in the alluvial deposits of northeastern Germany. It is used in molecular biology in the analysis of organic matter fossilized in amber.

Family of spider MITES, in the superfamily Tetranychoidea, suborder Trombidiformes.

The real or apparent movement of objects through the visual field.

Blood-sucking acarid parasites of the order Ixodida comprising two families: the softbacked ticks (ARGASIDAE) and hardbacked ticks (IXODIDAE). Ticks are larger than their relatives, the MITES. They penetrate the skin of their host by means of highly specialized, hooked mouth parts and feed on its blood. Ticks attack all groups of terrestrial vertebrates. In humans they are responsible for many TICK-BORNE DISEASES, including the transmission of ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER; TULAREMIA; BABESIOSIS; AFRICAN SWINE FEVER; and RELAPSING FEVER. (From Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, 5th ed, pp543-44)

The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.

Organic compounds that have a relatively high VAPOR PRESSURE at room temperature.

Any arthropod of the subclass ACARI except the TICKS. They are minute animals related to the spiders, usually having transparent or semitransparent bodies. They may be parasitic on humans and domestic animals, producing various irritations of the skin (MITE INFESTATIONS). Many mite species are important to human and veterinary medicine as both parasite and vector. Mites also infest plants.

Centers for storing various parts of the eye for future use.

Instinctual behavior pattern in which food is obtained by killing and consuming other species.

The study of the generation and behavior of electrical charges in living organisms particularly the nervous system and the effects of electricity on living organisms.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

An arthropod subclass (Xiphosura) comprising the North American (Limulus) and Asiatic (Tachypleus) genera of horseshoe crabs.

Renewal or physiological repair of damaged nerve tissue.

Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.

An order of parasitic, blood-sucking, wingless INSECTS with the common name of fleas.

A large, subclass of arachnids comprising the MITES and TICKS, including parasites of plants, animals, and humans, as well as several important disease vectors.

Periodic casting off FEATHERS; HAIR; or cuticle. Molting is a process of sloughing or desquamation, especially the shedding of an outer covering and the development of a new one. This phenomenon permits growth in ARTHROPODS, skin renewal in AMPHIBIANS and REPTILES, and the shedding of winter coats in BIRDS and MAMMALS.

The relationship between two different species of organisms that are interdependent; each gains benefits from the other or a relationship between different species where both of the organisms in question benefit from the presence of the other.

A diverse genus of minute freshwater CRUSTACEA, of the suborder CLADOCERA. They are a major food source for both young and adult freshwater fish.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain STILBENES.

The making of a radiograph of an object or tissue by recording on a photographic plate the radiation emitted by radioactive material within the object. (Dorland, 27th ed)

The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.

A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The variety of all native living organisms and their various forms and interrelationships.

Clarity or sharpness of OCULAR VISION or the ability of the eye to see fine details. Visual acuity depends on the functions of RETINA, neuronal transmission, and the interpretative ability of the brain. Normal visual acuity is expressed as 20/20 indicating that one can see at 20 feet what should normally be seen at that distance. Visual acuity can also be influenced by brightness, color, and contrast.

Tumors or cancer of the EYE.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches.

Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

Personal devices for protection of the eyes from impact, flying objects, glare, liquids, or injurious radiation.

A plant genus of the family Cephalotaxaceae, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division CONIFEROPHYTA. Members contain homoharringtonine.

The act of feeding on plants by animals.

A large order of insects characterized by having the mouth parts adapted to piercing or sucking. It is comprised of four suborders: HETEROPTERA, Auchenorrhyncha, Sternorrhyncha, and Coleorrhyncha.

Animals having a vertebral column, members of the phylum Chordata, subphylum Craniata comprising mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes.

Insects of the family Formicidae, very common and widespread, probably the most successful of all the insect groups. All ants are social insects, and most colonies contain three castes, queens, males, and workers. Their habits are often very elaborate and a great many studies have been made of ant behavior. Ants produce a number of secretions that function in offense, defense, and communication. (From Borror, et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p676)

The largest genus of TICKS in the family IXODIDAE, containing over 200 species. Many infest humans and other mammals and several are vectors of diseases such as LYME DISEASE, tick-borne encephalitis (ENCEPHALITIS, TICK-BORNE), and KYASANUR FOREST DISEASE.

Nerve fibers that are capable of rapidly conducting impulses away from the neuron cell body.

Dissecting Nck/Dock signaling pathways in Drosophila visual system. (1/111)

The establishment of neuronal connections during embryonic development requires the precise guidance and targeting of the neuronal growth cone, an expanded cellular structure at the leading tip of a growing axon. The growth cone contains sophisticated signaling systems that allow the rapid communication between guidance receptors and the actin cytoskeleton in generating directed motility. Previous studies demonstrated a specific role for the Nck/Dock SH2/SH3 adapter protein in photoreceptor (R cell) axon guidance and target recognition in the Drosophila visual system, suggesting strongly that Nck/Dock is one of the long-sought missing links between cell surface receptors and the actin cytoskeleton. In this review, I discuss the recent progress on dissecting the Nck/Dock signaling pathways in R-cell growth cones. These studies have identified additional key components of the Nck/Dock signaling pathways for linking the receptor signaling to the remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton in controlling growth-cone motility. (+info)

Genetic dissection of the photoreceptor system in the compound eye of Drosophila melanogaster. (2/111)

Three mutations which eliminate specific types of photoreceptors in Drosophila were characterized. Of the eight photoreceptors in each facet, two mutations delete the outer six (R 1-6). The third eliminates R 7, one of the two central photoreceptors. Double mutants can be constructed in which only photoreceptor R 8 is present. The spectral sensitivities, photopigments, and behavioural properties of these mutants were investigated. R 1-6 have two sensitivity peaks, near 350 and 470 nm. These receptors contain a rhodopsin with these absorption peaks. It interconverts with a metarhodopsin that absorbs around 570 nm. R 7 is a U.V.-receptor, containing rhodopsin that absorbs around 370 nm and interconverts with a metarhodopsin which absorbs around 470 nm. R 8 is a non-adapting blue-receptor with a third type of rhodopsin. The properties of these photopigments explain the different sensitivities and spectral adaptation phenomena of the various photoreceptors. All the photoreceptors have input into phototaxis. Spectral analysis of this behaviour provides evidence for integration of the input from the different photoreceptors. (+info)

Eye development under the control of SRp55/B52-mediated alternative splicing of eyeless. (3/111)

The genetic programs specifying eye development are highly conserved during evolution and involve the vertebrate Pax-6 gene and its Drosophila melanogaster homolog eyeless (ey). Here we report that the SR protein B52/SRp55 controls a novel developmentally regulated splicing event of eyeless that is crucial for eye growth and specification in Drosophila. B52/SRp55 generates two isoforms of eyeless differing by an alternative exon encoding a 60-amino-acid insert at the beginning of the paired domain. The long isoform has impaired ability to trigger formation of ectopic eyes and to bind efficiently Eyeless target DNA sequences in vitro. When over-produced in the eye imaginal disc, this isoform induces a small eye phenotype, whereas the isoform lacking the alternative exon triggers eye over-growth and strong disorganization. Our results suggest that B52/SRp55 splicing activity is used during normal eye development to control eye organogenesis and size through regulation of eyeless alternative splicing. (+info)

Mutation of the Apc1 homologue shattered disrupts normal eye development by disrupting G1 cell cycle arrest and progression through mitosis. (4/111)

The shattered1 (shtd1) mutation disrupts Drosophila compound eye structure. In this report, we show that the shtd1 eye defects are due to a failure to establish and maintain G1 arrest in the morphogenetic furrow (MF) and a defect in progression through mitosis. The observed cell cycle defects were correlated with an accumulation of cyclin A (CycA) and String (Stg) proteins near the MF. Interestingly, the failure to maintain G1 arrest in the MF led to the specification of R8 photoreceptor cells that undergo mitosis, generating R8 doublets in shtd1 mutant eye discs. We demonstrate that shtd encodes Apc1, the largest subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). Furthermore, we show that reducing the dosage of either CycA or stg suppressed the shtd1 phenotype. While reducing the dosage of CycA is more effective in suppressing the premature S phase entry in the MF, reducing the dosage of stg is more effective in suppressing the progression through mitosis defect. These results indicate the importance of not only G1 arrest in the MF but also appropriate progression through mitosis for normal eye development during photoreceptor differentiation. (+info)

Identification of transcriptional targets of the dual-function transcription factor/phosphatase eyes absent. (5/111)

Drosophila eye specification and development relies on a collection of transcription factors termed the retinal determination gene network (RDGN). Two members of this network, Eyes absent (EYA) and Sine oculis (SO), form a transcriptional complex in which EYA provides the transactivation function while SO provides the DNA binding activity. EYA also functions as a protein tyrosine phosphatase, raising the question of whether transcriptional output is dependent or independent of phosphatase activity. To explore this, we used microarrays together with binding site analysis, quantitative real-time PCR, chromatin immunoprecipitation, genetics and in vivo expression analysis to identify new EYA-SO targets. In parallel, we examined the expression profiles of tissue expressing phosphatase mutant eya and found that reducing phosphatase activity did not globally impair transcriptional output. Among the targets identified by our analysis was the cell cycle regulatory gene, string (stg), suggesting that EYA and SO may influence cell proliferation through transcriptional regulation of stg. Future investigation into the regulation of stg and other EYA-SO targets identified in this study will help elucidate the transcriptional circuitries whereby output from the RDGN integrates with other signaling inputs to coordinate retinal development. (+info)

A new allele uncovers the role of echinus in the control of ommatidial rotation in the Drosophila eye. (6/111)

The precise orientation of the ommatidia in the Drosophila eye is achieved through a specialized process of cell migration taking place in the third-instar eye imaginal disc when ommatidial clusters rotate by 90 degrees. This process is strictly coordinated with the establishment of planar cell polarity (PCP), but it relies on a specific set of genes that control its mechanism independently from PCP signaling. Recently, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway has been implicated in determining ommatidial rotation. We have isolated a new allele of echinus, a gene known to control the patterning and number of interommatidial cells. We show that echinus displays defects in the rotation of ommatidia that are not evident until mid-pupal stages, and we propose that echinus action is that of opposing EGFR by an unknown mechanism and that this can explain both its influence in ommatidial rotation and lattice programmed cell death (PCD). (+info)

Gene-specific targeting of the histone chaperone asf1 to mediate silencing. (7/111)

The histone chaperone Asf1 assists in chromatin assembly and remodeling during replication, transcription activation, and gene silencing. However, it has been unclear to what extent Asf1 could be targeted to specific loci via interactions with sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins. Here, we show that Asf1 contributes to the repression of Notch target genes, as depletion of Asf1 in cells by RNAi causes derepression of the E(spl) Notch-inducible genes. Conversely, overexpression of Asf1 in vivo results in decreased expression of target genes and produces phenotypes that are strongly modified (enhanced and suppressed) by mutations affecting the Notch pathway, but not by mutations in other signaling pathways. Asf1 can be coprecipitated with the DNA-binding protein Su(H) and the corepressor Hairless and interacts directly with two components of this complex, Hairless and SKIP. Thus, in addition to playing more general roles in chromatin dynamics, Asf1 is directed via interactions with sequence-specific complexes to mediate silencing of specific target genes. (+info)

Myosin II regulates complex cellular arrangement and epithelial architecture in Drosophila. (8/111)

Remodeling epithelia is a primary driver of morphogenesis. Here, we report a central role of myosin II in regulating several aspects of complex epithelial architecture in the Drosophila eye imaginal disc. The epithelial indentation of the morphogenetic furrow is established from a pattern of myosin II activation defined by the developmental signals Hedgehog and Decapentaplegic. More generally, patterned myosin activation can control diverse three-dimensional epithelial sculpting. We have developed a technique to image eye disc development in real time, and we show that myosin II also regulates higher-order organization of cells in the plane of the epithelium. This includes the clustering of cells into ommatidial units and their subsequent coordinated rotation. This later clustering function of myosin II depends on EGF receptor signaling. Our work implies that regulation of the actomyosin cytoskeleton can control morphogenesis by regulating both individual cell shapes and their complex two-dimensional arrangement within epithelia. (+info)

There are many different types of eye diseases, including:

1. Cataracts: A clouding of the lens in the eye that can cause blurry vision and blindness.
2. Glaucoma: A group of diseases that damage the optic nerve and can lead to vision loss and blindness.
3. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD): A condition that causes vision loss in older adults due to damage to the macula, the part of the retina responsible for central vision.
4. Diabetic retinopathy: A complication of diabetes that can cause damage to the blood vessels in the retina and lead to vision loss.
5. Detached retina: A condition where the retina becomes separated from the underlying tissue, leading to vision loss.
6. Macular hole: A small hole in the macula that can cause vision loss.
7. Amblyopia (lazy eye): A condition where one eye is weaker than the other and has reduced vision.
8. Strabismus (crossed eyes): A condition where the eyes are not aligned properly and point in different directions.
9. Conjunctivitis: An inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin membrane that covers the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelids.
10. Dry eye syndrome: A condition where the eyes do not produce enough tears, leading to dryness, itchiness, and irritation.

Eye diseases can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, age, environmental factors, and certain medical conditions. Some eye diseases are inherited, while others are acquired through lifestyle choices or medical conditions.

Symptoms of eye diseases can include blurry vision, double vision, eye pain, sensitivity to light, and redness or inflammation in the eye. Treatment options for eye diseases depend on the specific condition and can range from medication, surgery, or lifestyle changes.

Regular eye exams are important for detecting and managing eye diseases, as many conditions can be treated more effectively if caught early. If you experience any symptoms of eye disease or have concerns about your vision, it is important to see an eye doctor as soon as possible.

There are several types of dry eye syndromes, including:

1. Dry eye disease (DED): This is the most common type of dry eye syndrome and is characterized by a deficiency in the tear film that covers the surface of the eye. It can be caused by a variety of factors such as aging, hormonal changes, medications, and environmental conditions.
2. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD): This type of dry eye syndrome is caused by problems with the meibomian glands, which are located in the eyelids and produce the fatty layer of the tear film. MGD can be caused by inflammation, blockages, or other issues that prevent the glands from functioning properly.
3. Aqueous deficient dry eye (ADDE): This type of dry eye syndrome is caused by a lack of the aqueous layer of the tear film, which is produced by the lacrimal gland. It can be caused by surgical removal of the lacrimal gland, injury to the gland, or other conditions that affect its function.
4. Evaporative dry eye (EDE): This type of dry eye syndrome is caused by a problem with the meibomian glands and the lipid layer of the tear film. It can be caused by inflammation, blockages, or other issues that prevent the glands from functioning properly.
5. Contact lens-related dry eye (CLDE): This type of dry eye syndrome is caused by wearing contact lenses, which can disrupt the natural tear film and cause dryness and irritation.
6. Sjögren's syndrome: This is an autoimmune disorder that affects the glands that produce tears and saliva, leading to dry eye syndrome and other symptoms.
7. Medications: Certain medications, such as antihistamines, decongestants, and blood pressure medications, can reduce tear production and lead to dry eye syndrome.
8. Hormonal changes: Changes in hormone levels, such as during menopause or pregnancy, can lead to dry eye syndrome.
9. Environmental factors: Dry air, smoke, wind, and dry climates can all contribute to dry eye syndrome.
10. Nutritional deficiencies: A lack of omega-3 fatty acids in the diet has been linked to an increased risk of dry eye syndrome.

It is important to note that dry eye syndrome can be a complex condition and may involve multiple factors. A comprehensive diagnosis from an eye doctor or other healthcare professional is necessary to determine the underlying cause and develop an effective treatment plan.

Some common types of eye abnormalities include:

1. Refractive errors: These are errors in the way the eye focuses light, causing blurry vision. Examples include myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), astigmatism, and presbyopia (age-related loss of near vision).
2. Amblyopia: This is a condition where the brain favors one eye over the other, causing poor vision in the weaker eye.
3. Cataracts: A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye that can cause blurry vision and increase the risk of glaucoma.
4. Glaucoma: This is a group of eye conditions that can damage the optic nerve and lead to vision loss.
5. Macular degeneration: This is a condition where the macula, the part of the retina responsible for central vision, deteriorates, leading to vision loss.
6. Diabetic retinopathy: This is a complication of diabetes that can damage the blood vessels in the retina and lead to vision loss.
7. Retinal detachment: This is a condition where the retina becomes separated from the underlying tissue, leading to vision loss.
8. Corneal abnormalities: These are irregularities in the shape or structure of the cornea, such as keratoconus, that can cause blurry vision.
9. Optic nerve disorders: These are conditions that affect the optic nerve, such as optic neuritis, that can cause vision loss.
10. Traumatic eye injuries: These are injuries to the eye or surrounding tissue that can cause vision loss or other eye abnormalities.

Eye abnormalities can be diagnosed through a comprehensive eye exam, which may include visual acuity tests, refraction tests, and imaging tests such as retinal photography or optical coherence tomography (OCT). Treatment for eye abnormalities depends on the specific condition and may include glasses or contact lenses, medication, surgery, or other therapies.

There are several types of eye burns, including:

1. Chemical burns: These occur when the eye comes into contact with a corrosive substance, such as bleach or drain cleaner.
2. Thermal burns: These occur when the eye is exposed to heat or flames, such as from a fire or a hot surface.
3. Ultraviolet (UV) burns: These occur when the eye is exposed to UV radiation, such as from the sun or a tanning bed.
4. Radiation burns: These occur when the eye is exposed to ionizing radiation, such as from a nuclear accident or cancer treatment.

Symptoms of eye burns can include:

* Pain and redness in the eye
* Discharge or crusting around the eye
* Blurred vision or sensitivity to light
* Swelling of the eyelids or the surface of the eye
* Increased tearing or dryness

Treatment for eye burns depends on the cause and severity of the injury. Mild cases may require only topical medications, such as antibiotic ointments or anti-inflammatory drops. More severe cases may require more aggressive treatment, such as oral medications, patching, or even surgery. In some cases, eye burns can lead to long-term vision problems or scarring, so it is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time.

Some common types of eye neoplasms include:

1. Uveal melanoma: This is a malignant tumor that develops in the uvea, the middle layer of the eye. It is the most common primary intraocular cancer in adults and can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated.
2. Retinoblastoma: This is a rare type of cancer that affects children and develops in the retina. It is usually diagnosed before the age of 5 and is highly treatable with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.
3. Conjunctival melanoma: This is a malignant tumor that develops in the conjunctiva, the thin membrane that covers the white part of the eye. It is more common in older adults and can be treated with surgery and/or radiation therapy.
4. Ocular sarcomas: These are rare types of cancer that develop in the eye tissues, including the retina, optic nerve, and uvea. They can be benign or malignant and may require surgical removal or radiation therapy.
5. Secondary intraocular tumors: These are tumors that metastasize (spread) to the eye from other parts of the body, such as breast cancer or lung cancer.

The symptoms of eye neoplasms can vary depending on their location and type, but may include:

* Blurred vision
* Eye pain or discomfort
* Redness or inflammation in the eye
* Sensitivity to light
* Floaters (specks or cobwebs in vision)
* Flashes of light
* Abnormal pupil size or shape

Early detection and treatment of eye neoplasms are important to preserve vision and prevent complications. Diagnosis is typically made through a combination of physical examination, imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI, and biopsy (removing a small sample of tissue for examination under a microscope). Treatment options may include:

* Surgery to remove the tumor
* Radiation therapy to kill cancer cells
* Chemotherapy to destroy cancer cells with medication
* Observation and monitoring if the tumor is slow-growing or benign

It's important to seek medical attention if you experience any unusual symptoms in your eye, as early detection and treatment can improve outcomes.

Pseudopupil Arthropod eye Ommatidium Eye "Dragonfly eyes" (Chinese: 蜻蜓眼 qingting yan] is a term for knobbly multi-coloured ... The resulting eye is a mixture of a simple eye within a compound eye. Another version is the pseudofaceted eye, as seen in ... doi.org/10.1017/S1431927612014201 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Compound eye. The Compound Eye Make Your Own Compound ... A compound eye is a visual organ found in arthropods such as insects and crustaceans. It may consist of thousands of ommatidia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_eye

Most arthropods have at least one of two types of eye: lateral compound eyes, and smaller median ocelli, which are simple eyes ... In turn, the dispersal of compound eyes seems to have created large networks of seemingly independent eyes in some arthropods, ... Apposition eyes are the most common form of eye, and are presumably the ancestral form of compound eye. They are found in all ... Mollusc eye Parietal eye Simple eye in invertebrates Vision in fish Optic lobe (arthropods) Ocelli are about 5000 times more ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthropod_eye

Brigitte Schoenemann; Euan N. K. Clarkson (2020). "Insights into a 429-million-year-old compound eye". Scientific Reports. 10 ( ... Paleontology portal History of science portal 2020 in arthropod palentology is a list of new arthropod fossil taxa, including ... A study on the anatomy of the internal structures of the compound eye of Aulacopleura koninckii is published by Schoenemann & ... Abel Pérez-González; Jeffrey W. Shultz (2021). "On the problematic placement of the fossil arthropod Devonopilio hutchinsoni in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_in_arthropod_paleontology

Highly complex compound eyes are another obvious feature of the cephalon. When trilobites moulted, the librigenae ("free cheeks ... The cephalon is the head section of an arthropod. It is a tagma, i.e., a specialized grouping of arthropod segments. The word ... See also arthropod head problem. In chelicerates and crustaceans, the cephalothorax is derived from the fusion of the cephalon ... In relation with the arthropod head problem, phylogeny studies show that members of the Malacostraca class of crustaceans have ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephalon_(arthropod_head)

... resulting in each of the compound eyes comprising tens or hundreds of small compound eye systems. A study on the systematics of ... who interpret their findings as indicating that these trilobites had hyper-compound eyes hiding an individual compound eye ... A study on the compound eyes of trilobites belonging to the group Phacopina is published by Schoenemann et al. (2021), ... Scholtz, G.; Staude, A.; Dunlop, J. A. (2019). "Trilobite compound eyes with crystalline cones and rhabdoms show mandibulate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_in_arthropod_paleontology

2019). A study re-evaluating the fossil evidence for lateral compound eyes in Paleozoic horseshoe crabs is published by ... Russell D. C. Bicknell; Lisa Amati; Javier Ortega-Hernández (2019). "New insights into the evolution of lateral compound eyes ... Gerhard Scholtz; Andreas Staude; Jason A. Dunlop (2019). "Trilobite compound eyes with crystalline cones and rhabdoms show ... "Fossil insect eyes shed light on trilobite optics and the arthropod pigment screen". Nature. 573 (7772): 122-125. Bibcode: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_in_arthropod_paleontology

Arthropods use combinations of compound eyes and pigment-pit ocelli for vision. In most species, the ocelli can only detect the ... Most arthropods have sophisticated visual systems that include one or more usually both of compound eyes and pigment-cup ocelli ... Moulting may be responsible for 80 to 90% of all arthropod deaths. = heart = gut = brain / ganglia O = eye Arthropod bodies are ... and the compound eyes are the main source of information, but the main eyes of spiders are ocelli that can form images and, in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthropod

The compound eyes probably evolved independently of arthropods' eyes. Some tube-worms use ocelli widely spread over their ... that detect the direction from which light is coming and camera eyes or compound eyes that can probably form images. ... However, the genes that drive segmentation in arthropods do not appear to do the same in annelids. Arthropods and annelids both ... ISBN 978-0-19-551368-4. Cutler, B. (August 1980). "Arthropod cuticle features and arthropod monophyly". Cellular and Molecular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annelid

"Molecular phylogenetic evidence for the independent evolutionary origin of an arthropod compound eye". Proceedings of the ... This eye is unable to form a proper image but is able to detect differences in the intensity of light. Azygocypridina lowryi is ... Another unusual feature of this ostracod is the possession of a lateral eye which takes the form of a hairy flap of skin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azygocypridina_lowryi

2017). A moulted specimen of Telephina intermedia with one of the compound eyes showing traces of serious damage which has ... 2017). Remnants of cellular systems are identified in the compound eye of Schmidtiellus reetae from the Cambrian of Estonia by ... Brigitte Schoenemann; Helje Pärnaste; Euan N. K. Clarkson (2017). "Structure and function of a compound eye, more than half a ... A restudy of the Burgess Shale arthropod Habelia based on known and new specimens is published by Aria & Caron (2017), who ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_in_arthropod_paleontology

The parietal eye present in some amphibians and reptiles. The ocelli that occur in many arthropods. A compound eye with three ... Third eye (disambiguation) Binocular vision Monocular vision This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title ... Trinocular vision may refer to: Animals with a rudimentary third eye: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinocular_vision

Molecular phylogenetic evidence for the independent evolutionary origin of an arthropod compound eye - NCBI "Tantulocarida". ... Eyes are completely absent. Members of this subclass are minute - less than 0.3 millimetres (0.012 in) in length and have a ... One tantulocarid species, Tantulacus dieteri, is the world's smallest arthropod, with a total body length of only 85 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantulocarida

Most arthropods have simple eyes, called ocelli, between their main, compound eyes. Third eye Arthropod eye Mollusc eye Simple ... A parietal eye, also known as a third eye or pineal eye, is a part of the epithalamus present in some vertebrates. The eye is ... The third eye, where present, is always much smaller than the main paired eyes, and, in living species, it is always covered by ... Mayer, Georg (2006-12-01). "Structure and development of onychophoran eyes: What is the ancestral visual organ in arthropods ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parietal_eye

Compound eyes are common in arthropods, annelids and some bivalved molluscs. Compound eyes in arthropods grow at their margins ... The resulting eye is a mixture of a simple eye within a compound eye. Another version is a compound eye often referred to as " ... Compound eyes are very sensitive to motion. Some arthropods, including many Strepsiptera, have compound eyes of only a few ... eye) (night vision) Emission theory (vision) Eye color Eye development Eye disease Eye injury Eye movement Eyelid Nictitating ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye

The head was short with sessile compound eyes. The back was rounded. Like Paleomerus, Strabops possessed prominent dorsal eyes ... and the position of the eyes. As the other strabopids, Strabops was a small-sized arthropod, measuring only 11 centimetres (4.3 ... Two spots between the eyes indicate the presence of the ocelli (light-sensitive simple eyes). In its abdomen, there were eleven ... The eyes were located in the middle of the front of the prosoma. These were medium-sized, ovate and narrow, and pointed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strabops

Many arthropods have well-developed sensory organs, including compound eyes for vision and antennae for olfaction and pheromone ... Arthropods, such as insects and crustaceans, have a nervous system made up of a series of ganglia, connected by a ventral nerve ... include arthropods, molluscs, and numerous types of worms. There is a basic difference between the two groups in the placement ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_nervous_systems

Many arthropods have well-developed sensory organs, including compound eyes for vision and antennae for olfaction and pheromone ... Arthropods, such as insects and crustaceans, have a nervous system made up of a series of ganglia, connected by a ventral nerve ... The initial sensory response, in the retina of the eye, and the final motor response, in the oculomotor nuclei of the brain ... In the visual system, for example, sensory receptors in the retina of the eye are only individually capable of detecting " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nervous_system

Nothomyrmecia workers feed on nectar and arthropods, using their compound eyes for prey and navigational purposes. Owing to ... Both ants have large compound eyes, relying on their vision for prey and navigational purposes. Due to their primitive and ... Prionomyrmex may have foraged on the ground or onto trees and low vegetation, feeding on nectar and arthropods. Nothomyrmecia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prionomyrmecini

The head of Cambropachycope have unusual anterior projection of the head that bears single large compound eye. Eye structure is ... Cambropachycope is a genus of small (1.5 mm (0.059 in) long) extinct Cambrian arthropods, known from the Orsten lagerstätten in ... It appears to have several apomorphic features, notably including a single large compound eye. ... Cambrian Compound Eye". Paleontological Research. 17 (3): 251-261. doi:10.2517/1342-8144-17.3.251. ISSN 1342-8144. Edgecombe, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambropachycope

However, in gilled lobopodians like Kerygmachela, the eyes are relatively complex reflective patches that may had been compound ... crown-group arthropods). Their positions within arthropod stem-group are indicated by numerous arthropod groundplans and ... arthropodized frontal appendages and stalked compound eyes. The multisegmented limbs of fuxianhuiid may represent intermediate ... via dinocaridids to arthropods, would lead to an arthropod body plan. Aysheaia's surface ornamentation, if homologous with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobopodia

The compound eyes of arthropods like insects, crustaceans and millipedes are composed of units called ommatidia (singular: ... Pseudopupil Arthropod eye Apposition eye Superposition eye Müller CH, Sombke A, Rosenberg J (December 2007). "The fine ... The specific composition of ommatidia, or eye units, vary between different organisms. The butterfly compound eye consists of ... the Drosophila compound eye is a simple repetitive pattern of 700 to 750 ommatidia, initiated in the larval eye imaginal disc. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ommatidium

A large compound eye with monochromatic vision is found on each side of the prosoma; it has five simple eyes on the carapace, ... Harzsch, S.; Hafner, G. (2006). "Evolution of eye development in arthropods: phylogenetic aspects". Arthropod Structure & ... and two simple eyes on the underside, just in front of the mouth, making a total of nine eyes. The simple eyes are probably ... The less sensitive compound eyes, and the median ocelli, become the dominant sight organs during adulthood. In addition, the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_horseshoe_crab

dachshund (dac) is a gene involved in the development of the arthropod compound eye which also plays a role in leg development ... Gehring WJ, Ikeo K (September 1999). "Pax 6: mastering eye morphogenesis and eye evolution". Trends in Genetics. 15 (9): 371-7 ... v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Protein pages needing a picture, Arthropod ... "dachshund encodes a nuclear protein required for normal eye and leg development in Drosophila". Development. 120 (12): 3473-86 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dachshund_(gene)

Arthropod eye Parietal eye Sensory organs of gastropods Simple eye in invertebrates Vision in fish Visual system Serb, J. M.; ... to the pinhole eyes of the Nautilus, to the lensed eyes of the other cephalopods. Compound eyes are present in some bivalves, ... Chitons have a dispersed network of tiny eyes over the surface of their shells which may act together as a compound eye. Many ... Camera eyes in gastropod molluscs", mapoflife.org Media related to Mollusca eyes at Wikimedia Commons (Commons category link is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mollusc_eye

The primary method for determining visual acuity in arthropods is by determining the number of lenses in their compound eyes ... as suggested by the low IOA and many lenses in their compound eyes. Further studies on the compound eyes of fossilised ... The unique eyes of modern horseshoe crabs are highly distinct from eyes of other modern arthropods and allow increased edge- ... The chelicerae and compound eyes of Jaekelopterus indicate it was active and powerful with high visual acuity, most likely an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaekelopterus

... and compound eye specification in Drosophila". Arthropod Structure & Development. 35 (4): 357-378. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2006.08. ... Arthropod eye Evolution of the eye Eyespot apparatus Mollusc eye Parietal eye Ocelloid "Catalog - Mendeley". www.mendeley.com. ... In this sense "simple eye" is distinct from a multi-lensed "compound eye", and is not necessarily at all simple in the usual ... Spiders do not have compound eyes, but instead have several pairs of simple eyes with each pair adapted for a specific task or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_eye_in_invertebrates

... and compound eye specification in Drosophila" (PDF). Arthropod Structure & Development. 35 (4): 357-78. doi:10.1016/j.asd. ... just above the compound eyes). If orthodenticle is not expressed, structures from the lateral subdomain will be expressed all ... It defines the midline of the head, and is involved in the formation of the top side of the head, including the eyes. The gene ... "Ancient mechanisms of visual sense organ development based on comparison of the gene networks controlling larval eye, ocellus, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocelliless

The eyes may include simple eyes or ocelli as well as compound eyes of varying sizes. Many species are able to detect light in ... A phylogenetic tree of the arthropods places the insects in the context of other hexapods and the crustaceans, and the more ... The head supports a pair of sensory antennae, a pair of compound eyes, zero to three simple eyes (or ocelli) and three sets of ... In prognathous insects, the vertex is not found between the compound eyes, but rather, where the ocelli are normally. This is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insect

... a short head with sessile compound eyes and a rounded back. Like Strabops, Paleomerus possessed prominent dorsal eyes, however ... The arthropod body is divided into two tagmata (sections); the frontal prosoma (head) and posterior opisthosoma (abdomen). The ... The compound eyes appear as anterolateral reniform (bean-shaped) elevations in the surface of the prosoma. The opisthosoma ... The eyes were placed anterolaterally and rose slightly from the surface of the prosoma, with the left eye being the only one ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleomerus

The compound eyes are simpler in structure than those of other arthropods, with the individual ommatidia not being arranged in ... Xiphosurans have up to four eyes, located in the carapace. Two compound eyes are on the side of the prosoma, with one or two ... A Textbook of Arthropod Anatomy. Hafner Publishing Company, New York. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Xiphosura. ... The brain is relatively large, and, as in many arthropods, surrounds the oesophagus. In both sexes, the single gonad lies next ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiphosura

Their chemical compounds infuse well with fats such as butter, cream, cheeses, avocados, and coconut cream. As the volatile ... Microscopic arthropods such as mites feed directly on mycelium and release valuable nutrients for the uptake of other organisms ... Some of the very aromatic white truffles are notably pungent, even irritating the eye when cut or sliced. Metabolites of ... Both the female pig's natural truffle-seeking and her intent to eat the truffle were thought to be due to a compound within the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truffle

The head bears a pair of long antennae, a pair of black compound eyes and three ocelli. The sides of the thorax are pale ... New Zealand Arthropod Collection. Retrieved 16 May 2017. Caron, Valerie; Ede, Fiona; Sunnucks, Paul; O'Dowd, Dennis J. (2013 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nematus_oligospilus

All vetulicolians lack preserved appendages of any kind, having no legs, feelers or even eyes. The area where the anterior and ... Their affinity has been uncertain; they have been considered to represent stem- and crown-group arthropods, stem-group ... which is a compound Latin word composed of vetuli "old" and cola "inhabitant". Shu, D. G.; Morris, S. C.; Han, J.; Chen, L.; ... The general scientific consensus before 2001 considered them early limbless arthropods but now considers them early ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vetulicolia

Their stalked compound eyes can swivel to give them 360° vision. Young crabs are cryptically colored to blend in with their ... Arthropods of the Dominican Republic, Crustaceans described in 1787). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_ghost_crab

Most people who get infected do not remember a tick or a bite, and the EM rash need not look like a bull's eye (most EM rashes ... Dotters-Katz SK, Kuller J, Heine RP (September 2013). "Arthropod-borne bacterial diseases in pregnancy". Obstetrical & ... a natural compound) and OLE's active ingredient para-menthane-diol (PMD). Unlike permethrin, repellents repel but do not kill ... People have developed a red bull's-eye rash around a tick bite followed by weeks of fatigue and a fever. Lyme disease effects ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease

In addition to their large compound eyes, wasps have several simple eyes known as ocelli, which are typically arranged in a ... Many wasp species are parasitoids; the females deposit eggs on or in a host arthropod on which the larvae then feed. Some ... Westlake, Casey (13 March 2014). "More to biological diversity than meets the eye: Specialization by insect species is the key ... Arthropod Structure & Development. 31 (2): 103-120. doi:10.1016/s1467-8039(02)00025-7. PMID 18088974. Hoell, H.V.; Doyen, J.T ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasp

In relation to the ground, the webs of adults may be woven from eye-level upwards high into the tree canopy. The orb web is ... Carotenoids are the main contributors to this yellow color, but xanthurenic acid, two quinones, and an unknown compound may ... Arthropods of Seychelles, Fauna of Mauritius, Fauna of Rodrigues, Spiders described in 1842). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichonephila_inaurata

In the compound eye of invertebrates such as insects and crustaceans, the pseudopupil appears as a dark spot which moves across ... Arthropod anatomy, All stub articles, Eye stubs). ... "Variations in the optical properties of the compound eyes of ... An adult Drosophila eye consists of nearly 800 unit ommatidia which are repeated in a symmetrical pattern. Each ommatidium ... M. F. Land; G. Gibson; J. Horwood; J. Zeil (1999). "Fundamental differences in the optical structure of the eyes of nocturnal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudopupil

As far as the eye reached, the crest of every wave was bright, and the sky above the horizon, from the reflected glare of these ... ATP, which is a fundamental compound in the luciferase reaction, is utilized and in the second step, oxyluciferin is produced. ... and terrestrial arthropods such as fireflies. In some animals, the light is bacteriogenic, produced by symbiotic bacteria such ... and demonstrated that the process was related to the oxidation of a specific compound, which he named luciferin, by an enzyme. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioluminescence

ISBN 978-90-6193-581-0. Molecular phylogenetic evidence for the independent evolutionary origin of an arthropod compound eye - ... It contains 6 genera: Eyes are absent. Cytherella Jones, 1849 Cytherelloidea Alexander, 1929 Grammcythella Swanson et al., 2005 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytherellidae

The nematodes (eelworms) that attack plants are minute, often too small to be seen with the naked eye, but their presence is ... Being exceedingly minute, many plant mites are spread by wind, although others use insects or other arthropods as a means to ... Early methods included the use of sulphur compounds, before 2500 BC in Sumeria. In ancient China, insecticides derived from ... Animals able to live in the dry conditions found in buildings include many arthropods such as beetles, cockroaches, moths, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pest_(organism)

... very small eyes and worker-like alitrunk domatium in plants, tiny chamber produced by plants to house arthropods epigaeic ... worker tolerance towards all queens in the colony and antagonism among the queens pheromone trail trail of chemical compounds ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_ant_terms

... presumably compound) eyes and a pair of tiny median ocelli. Chasmataspidid readily distinguish from other chelicerates by the ... Ordovician arthropods, Silurian arthropods, Devonian arthropods, Arthropod orders). ... Leif Størmer (1972). "Arthropods from the Lower Devonian (Lower Emsian) of Alken an der Mosel, Germany. Part 2: Xiphosura". ... Lamsdell, James C.; Gunderson, Gerald O.; Meyer, Ronald C. (2019-01-08). "A common arthropod from the Late Ordovician Big Hill ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chasmataspidida

The head has two antennae and a large compound eye. Adult females can be distinguished from those of otherwise similar species ... Marine life Arthropods Animals Biology (CS1 German-language sources (de), Articles with short description, Short description is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daphnia_magna

Adult beetles develop compound eyes, similar to many other insects. Along with the six eyes on either side of the head, larvae ... Arthropod Structure & Development. 36 (4): 449-462. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2007.08.003. ISSN 1467-8039. PMID 18089121. Mandapaka, ... The beetle has a total of 12 eyes (six eyes on either side of its head), but a total of twenty eight retinas. Early in the ... including larger numbers of cells which will form the two retinas per eye, as well as a large scale reorganization of the eye ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermonectus_marmoratus

... butterflies and moths have different types of compound eyes. Though not universal, moths very commonly have superposition eyes ... Lepidoptera: Hedyloidea): a nocturnal butterfly with superposition optics". Arthropod Structure & Development. 36 (1): 11-22. ... both of which have apposition eyes, or the Hedyloidea family of butterflies, which are nocturnal and feature superposition eyes ... while butterflies equally commonly favour apposition eyes. This is due to the superposition eye's adaptations for low light ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_butterflies_and_moths

... in that the compound eyes were so developed and the ocellar mound was fully developed despite the specimen being immature, that ... Given its size, it is possible that Rhinocarcinosoma fed on worms, other arthropods, lingulids and small fish. Rhinocarcinosoma ... Rhinocarcinosoma is a genus of eurypterid, an extinct group of aquatic arthropods. Fossils of Rhinocarcinosoma have been ... smaller eyes, were located) being placed centrally and being the highest point of the carapace. The species R. cicerops shares ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinocarcinosoma

The very large compound eyes have raised oval carinae surrounding them. Small ocelli are placed between the compound eyes on a ... A large number of other arthropods are preserved in the amber with the ants, including several other hymenopteran families, a ... The head scrobes run from the upper edge of the clypeus to the lower edge of the compound eyes, and are the same width as the ... The compound eyes are smaller than seen in the other species, with an elongated outline, and placed closer to the articulation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerontoformica

They also have a swollen forehead, large compound eyes, and three ocelli. Their bodies are soft with a segmented abdomen. Some ... Psocids, among other arthropods, have been studied to develop new pest control techniques in food manufacturing. One study ... Whitford, W.G. (2000). Invertebrates as webmasters in ecosystems: Keystone arthropods as webmasters in desert ecosystems. UK: ... especially in environments with lower densities of predacious micro arthropods that may eat psocids. The nymph of a psocid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psocoptera

They have simple mouthparts with chewing mandibles, long, multiple-segmented antennae, large compound eyes, and two or three ... but many are hunters of other aquatic arthropods. The female can lay up to one thousand eggs. It will fly over the water and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plecoptera

... ns are composed of a broad, oval carapace, four pairs of swimming legs, a pair of anterior compound eyes, and an ... Arthropod Structure & Development. 37 (4): 333-346. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2007.12.002. Banerjee, Anirban (15 November 2013). "Saha ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branchiura

It bears two compound eyes on prominent stalks, and two pairs of antennae. The first pair of antennae are small, usually ... Crustaceans portal Arthropods portal Data related to Anostraca at Wikispecies Media related to Anostraca at Wikimedia Commons ( ... ISBN 978-0-471-35837-4. D. R. Khanna (2004). "Segmentation in arthropods". Biology of Arthropoda. Discovery Publishing House. ... Fortey, R.; Thomas, H. (2012). Arthropod Relationships. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 104-105. Minelli, A. ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anostraca

The compound eyes are smaller than those of nocturnal species like Photinus pyralis. The elytra are black or brown-black and ... Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification (16). doi:10.3752/cjai.2011.16. Cresswell, Stephen (2020). "Lucidota atra Black ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucidota_atra

The flushing action of tears and saliva helps prevent infection of the eyes and mouth. Inflammation is one of the first ... Some of these travel through the plant and signal other cells to produce defensive compounds to protect uninfected parts, e.g ... In the hemolymph, which makes up the fluid in the circulatory system of arthropods, a gel-like fluid surrounds pathogen ... insects or other pathogens use a set of complex metabolic responses that lead to the formation of defensive chemical compounds ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system

The antennae and compound eyes were tested to see if they were necessary for light-dependent magnetoreception. Blocking either ... As most arthropods have both CRY types, this result provided additional evidence that both CRY were at "the base of arthropod ... This indicates that the monarch's antennae and compound eyes are necessary for magnetosensing, and that impairing one of these ... Sun compass in animals Circadian clock Monarch butterfly migration Arthropod Necessity and sufficiency (Orphaned articles from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Merlin

Each lateral compound eye was estimated to have around 1000 ommatidia. In addition of a pair of stalked lateral eyes, a third, ... "A three-eyed radiodont with fossilized neuroanatomy informs the origin of the arthropod head and segmentation". Current Biology ... Stanleycaris had three eyes, a bizarre configuration previously unknown among other radiodont genera; yet this head anatomy ... large median eye was located behind its preocular sclerite (H-element). Similar structures were evident in the fossils of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanleycaris

They have a broad, flat carapace, which conceals the head and bears a single pair of compound eyes. The abdomen is long, ... ISBN 978-0-520-23939-5. D. R. Khanna (2004). "Segmentation in arthropods". Biology of Arthropoda. Discovery Publishing House. ... There is a single median compound eye. Most species show cyclical parthenogenesis, where asexual reproduction is occasionally ... They generally possess compound eyes and a carapace, which may be a shell of two valves enclosing the trunk (as in most ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branchiopoda

Within Pseudoniscus, P. roosevelti is one of the few synziphosurines that confirmed to have lateral compound eyes, while the ... Pseudoniscus is a genus of synziphosurine, a paraphyletic group of fossil chelicerate arthropods. Pseudoniscus was regarded as ... "New insights into the evolution of lateral compound eyes in Palaeozoic horseshoe crabs". Zoological Journal of the Linnean ... Anderson, Lyall I. (1999-01-01). "A new specimen of the Silurian synziphosurine arthropod Cyamocephalus". Proceedings of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoniscus

2009). Forensic entomology: the utility of arthropods in legal investigations (2nd ed.). Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978 ... volatile organic compounds, and water conductivity[disambiguation needed], could also reveal the time of death. Jason H. Byrd; ... eye structural changes. State or stage of decomposition: autolysis (process of self-digestion) and putrefaction (process caused ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-mortem_interval

... the part of the eye that captures light. ... inspired by the compound eyes of insects and other arthropods. ... Insect eyes comprise thousands of individual microlenses that each point in different directions to capture a specific part of ... That could be life-changing for people with presbyopia, a stiffening of the eyes lens that makes it difficult to focus on ... Jiang and his team tested this devices ability to enhance images captured by a mechanical eye model designed in a lab. ...

https://www.nei.nih.gov/about/news-and-events/news/fish-and-insects-guide-design-future-contact-lenses

"The compound eyes of trilobites were important in predator detection and spines probably evolved to keep the predators from ... "Since many arthropods are dimorphic, that is, male specimens have a different appearance than females of the same species, it ... "It is a trilobite, which belong to a group of arthropods that became extinct about 251 million years ago. The species shown is ...

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/mystery-on-the-mall-case-closed-22539364/

Compound Eye, Arthropod Preferred Concept UI. M0509666. Scope Note. Light sensory organ in ARTHROPODS consisting of a large ... Compound Eye, Arthropod Preferred Term Term UI T697647. Date05/15/2007. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (2008). ... Compound Eye, Arthropod. Tree Number(s). A13.246. Unique ID. D054910. RDF Unique Identifier. http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D054910 ... Eye (1963-2007). See Also. Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate. Public MeSH Note. 2008. History Note. 2008. Date Established. ...

https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D054910

Research has shown that the compound eye in arthropods and the human camera eye both make sure of the same pax 6 gene. Very ... The torque changes the ﬂight direction of the ﬂy, which in turn changes the location on the facet eye at which the moving ... Scientists who watched nerve cells connect inside the eyes of growing squid have uncovered a remarkable secret - the ... ﬂys facet eye drives the ﬂight motor, generating an amount of torque that is a function of where on the sensory surface motion ...

http://sciforums.com/threads/is-consciousness-to-be-found-in-quantum-processes-in-microtubules.161187/page-132

HN - 2008 MH - Compound Eye, Arthropod UI - D054910 MN - A13.246 MS - Light sensory organ in ARTHROPODS consisting of a large ... Related compounds cyclize to MACROLIDES. HN - 2008(2004) BX - Acetogenin Compounds MH - Azabicyclo Compounds UI - D053961 MN - ... the eye in front of the natural EYE LENS, by the IRIS, to improve VISION. These intraocular lenses are used to supplement the ... often involving the eye, such as the Walker-Warburg Syndrome, Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy, and muscle-eye-brain ...

https://decs.bvs.br/I/dcsnew2008.txt

Compound Eye, Arthropod Entry term(s). Arthropod Compound Eye Arthropod Compound Eyes Compound Eyes, Arthropod ... Compound Eye, Arthropod - Preferred Concept UI. M0509666. Scope note. Light sensory organ in ARTHROPODS consisting of a large ... Arthropod Compound Eye. Arthropod Compound Eyes. Compound Eyes, Arthropod. Tree number(s):. A13.246. ... Light sensory organ in ARTHROPODS consisting of a large number of ommatidia, each functioning as an independent photoreceptor ...

https://decs.bvsalud.org/en/ths/resource/?id=52542&filter=ths_exact_term&q=OJO+COMPUESTO+DE+LOS+ARTR%C3%93PODOS

https://meshb-prev.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D054910

... gngm arthropod compound eye,arthropod compound eye,C1956112,compound eyes, arthropod,bpoc juncturae ossium,juncturae ossium, ... bpoc humor eye,humor eye,C0459553,humor of eye,bsoj entire skin of toe,entire skin of toe,C1279012,entire skin of toe,bpoc ... gngm eye right,eye right,C0229089,re - right eye,blor root of third sacral spinal nerve,root of third sacral spinal nerve, ... bpoc eye and lacrimal gland, cs,eye and lacrimal gland , c,C1267780,eye and lacrimal gland,blor eif3-p42,eif3-p42,C1414341, ...

https://lhncbc.nlm.nih.gov/LSG/Projects/CSpell/docs/designDoc/UDF/Dictionary/Sources/DinaData/umls_anatomy_merged.txt

Compound Eye, Arthropod. Light sensory organ in ARTHROPODS consisting of a large number of ommatidia, each functioning as an ... 2. positive regulation of compound eye photoreceptor cell ... regulation of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation. 0 ... positive regulation of compound eye photoreceptor cell ... positive regulation of compound eye photoreceptor cell ... Cell Outer SegmentPhotoreceptor Connecting CiliumEyePigment Epithelium of EyeRetinal Pigment EpitheliumPineal GlandCompound Eye ...

https://lookformedical.com/en/search/photoreceptor-cells

This gene is expressed in the developing compound eye of the honey bee. Like their vertebrate counterparts, arthropod nuclear ... Most of the tested compounds did not alter the replicative activity of intestinal stem cells. However, colchicine, ... to a growing body of evidence that more comprehensive testing of xenobiotics may be required before novel or existing compounds ... feature of this reorganization is the migration of subsets of thoracic and abdominal larval ganglia to form fused compound ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/?lang=pt&q=au:Fahrbach,+Susan+E

... eyes. Arthropods, like bees, have compound eyes. A honey bee has around 5.500 ommatidia per eye. Despite their simple eye ...

https://www.interestingwiki.com/bee

This gene is expressed in the developing compound eye of the honey bee. Like their vertebrate counterparts, arthropod nuclear ... This gene is expressed in the developing compound eye of the honey bee. Like their vertebrate counterparts, arthropod nuclear ... This gene is expressed in the developing compound eye of the honey bee. Like their vertebrate counterparts, arthropod nuclear ... This gene is expressed in the developing compound eye of the honey bee. Like their vertebrate counterparts, arthropod nuclear ...

https://experts.illinois.edu/en/publications/nuclear-receptors-of-the-honey-bee-annotation-and-expression-in-t

an almost round, flattened body, with lateral expansions on the prothorax, prominent compound eyes, and lack of functional ... Arthropods (Figures B and C) found under a rug in the cabin were collected and sent to the state public health laboratory for ...

https://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/monthlycasestudies/2008/case219.html

Diving beetles possess compound eyes which contain thousands of individual photoreceptor units that collectively make up the ... Many species of the family Staphylinidae such as rove beetles and ground beetles are carnivorous and feed on other arthropods ... 143 calories versus 500 calories per 100 of edible insects, diving beetles possess compound eyes which thousands... Protein and ... diving beetles possess compound eyes which contain thousands of individual photoreceptor that! Is on the top of the body habits ...

http://asia-qatar.com/gzdqr/a9f9cf-diving-beetle-diet

Segmental composition and homologies of the head of stem-group Euarthropoda have been the foci of recent studies on arthropod ... Arthropod eyes: The early Cambrian fossil record and divergent evolution of visual systems. Arthropod Struct Dev. 2015;45:152- ... Acute vision in the giant Cambrian predator Anomalocaris and the origin of compound eyes. Nature. 2011;480:237-40. ... Boxshall G. Arthropod limbs and their development. In: Minelli A, Boxshall G, Fusco G, editors. Arthropod biology and evolution ...

https://bmcecolevol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12862-017-1049-1

... blogs.scientificamerican.com/compound-eye/2013/12/31/compound-eye-readers-best-science-and-nature-photographs-of-2013/. Heres ... my best photos of the year, arthropods only (no nature photographs, for that please go to the home page!). Okay, and one bird. ... blogs.scientificamerican.com/compound-eye/2013/12/31/compound-eye-readers-best-science-and-nature-photographs-of-2013/. Heres ... 2 responses to "Best arthropods of 2013". Subscribe to comments with RSS. ...

https://alittlewild.blog/best-insect-photos/best-arthropods-of-2013/

Many arthropods have well-developed sensory organs, including compound eyes for vision and antennae for olfaction and pheromone ... Arthropods, such as insects and crustaceans, have a nervous system made up of a series of ganglia, connected by a ventral nerve ... which describes the parts that are large enough to be seen with the plain eye,) and microanatomy, (which describes the system ...

https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Nervous

Molecular phylogenetic evidence for the independent evolutionary origin of an arthropod compound eye, Proceedings of the ... 7. Cambrian predator had killer eyes (2011. 12. 8. ABC News). 8. Predator with compound eyes on stalks terrorised the Cambrian ... A 3-eyed radiodont with fossilized neuroanatomy informs the origin of the arthropod head and segmentation. Current Biology V 32 ... compound eyes)이 매우 잘 보존되어 있었다. 각 눈은 2~3cm 크기(직경)였는데,16,000개의 육각형 면(hexagonal facets)을 가지고 있었다. 이에 비해 집파리는 단지 3,000개의 면(렌즈 면)을 ...

https://creation.webpot.kr/Circulation/?q=YToyOntzOjEyOiJrZXl3b3JkX3R5cGUiO3M6MzoiYWxsIjtzOjQ6InBhZ2UiO2k6NDt9&page=1

Compound Eye, Arthropod UI - D054910 MN - A13.246 MS - Light sensory organ in ARTHROPODS consisting of a large number of ... Related compounds cyclize to MACROLIDES. HN - 2008(2004) BX - Acetogenin Compounds MH - Acridones UI - D054831 MN - D3.132.32 ... HN - 2008 MH - Azabicyclo Compounds UI - D053961 MN - D2.145.74 MN - D4.75.80.875.99 MS - Bicyclic bridged compounds that ... the eye in front of the natural EYE LENS, by the IRIS, to improve VISION. These intraocular lenses are used to supplement the ...

https://nlmpubs.nlm.nih.gov/projects/mesh/.newterms/mshnew2008.txt

The head has two compound eyes, two pairs of antennae, and three pairs of mouthparts. * A pair of green glands excrete wastes ... and arthropods (which also includes the insects). Most crustaceans live in water, but some live on land. Crustaceans are the ...

https://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/invertebrates/crustacean/index.shtml

They have a pair of compound eyes that allows them to see fairly well, a sense of smell and taste that is very advanced. This ... The coconut crab is the largest terrestrial arthropod in the world. They can have a leg span of up to three feet and can weigh ...

https://www.joewongcomedy.com/study-advice/do-lobsters-and-crabs-eat-dead-bodies/

Compounds of chlorine with another element or group.. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine Climate Change: Climate is the ... A clouding of the lens in the eye that affects vision; cataracts are very common in older people.. Source: U.S. National ... Any of a large class of mostly aquatic arthropods that include lobsters, shrimp, crabs, wood.. Source: U.S. National Library of ... Plant-derived compounds found in many foods such as soy. Some are linked to health benefits, including a lowered risk of ...

https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/glossary/index.cfm

... compound eyes, antennae, mouth parts, three pairs of legs, two pairs of wings ... Phylum Arthropod. Read the section Phylum arthropods in the Coursebook - p. 11-12. This includes insects, crustaceans, ... Do not get confused between the words arthropods and arachnids. Arthropods is the phylum that includes arachnids, insects, ... In this lesson, you will explore a very successful phylum - the phylum arthropods. Arthropods are animals with jointed legs. ...

https://imago-education.com/cie-igcse/biology-igcse/1-7-phylum-arthropods.html

They have two compound eyes. Each body segment, known as somite, bears a pair of appendages. They all have very well built ... There are other groups of arthropods, which are the insects, chelicerates, and myriapods, that have very different ...

https://animalsake.com/crustaceans-characteristics

The majority develop compound eyes by adulthood. Their antennae serve as both tactile and chemoreceptive organs. Statocysts, ... The arthropods are named for their jointed legs, and they are a dominant group on this planet, with two principle subgroups-the ... Arthropods are fitted with a variety of jointed, double-branched appendages and are encased in a nonliving exoskeleton. This ... The primitive arthropod body plan is characterized by a repetitive, linear succession of body sections (somites), which are ...

https://www.tfhmagazine.com/articles/freshwater/freshwater-crustaceans-part-one-shrimps-full-article

Arthropod Antennae. *Beak. *Bursa of Fabricius. *Cloaca. *Comb and Wattles. *Compound Eye, Arthropod ...

https://profiles.uchicago.edu/profiles/display/15533

OR08-003z Cricket - face and compound eye of.... * OR04-005a Grasshopper - compound eye. ...

https://www.kuhnphoto.net/search?I_DSC=Arthropod&_ACT=search&I_DSC_AND=t

Compound Eye, Arthropod. Ojo Compuesto de los Artrópodos. A16 - Estruturas Embrionárias. Blastodisco. Blastodisc. Blastodisco. ... National Eye Institute (U.S.). National Eye Institute (U.S.). National Eye Institute (U.S.). ...

https://decs2008.bvsalud.org/P/new_2008.htm

They developed another type of lens inspired by the compound eyes of insects and other arthropods. (nih.gov)
Entomology is the study of insects, which are organisms that have an exoskeleton, six legs, three body segments, one pair of antenna, and one pair of compound eyes. (medscape.com)
The field of forensic entomology is broadly defined as the application of the scientific study of insects and their arthropod relatives to legal matters. (medscape.com)
Crustaceans are invertebrates (they lack a backbone) and arthropods (which also includes the insects ). (enchantedlearning.com)
What type of eyes do most insects have? (imago-education.com)
There are other groups of arthropods, which are the insects, chelicerates, and myriapods, that have very different characteristics than the crustaceans. (animalsake.com)
The arthropods are named for their jointed legs, and they are a dominant group on this planet, with two principle subgroups-the insects and the crustaceans-filling terrestrial and aquatic habitats worldwide. (tfhmagazine.com)
While crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in marine environments, hexapods, including insects, rule the land. (tolweb.org)
Hexapods include three orders of wingless arthropods (Collembola, Protura, Diplura), as well as the insects. (tolweb.org)
Arthropod Phylogeny with Special Reference to Insects. (tolweb.org)
These specialized structures also seem to create opportunities for some arthropods: with their tracheal system for gas exchange and their Malphigian tubules for osmoregulation, the insects are able to live in dry conditions that would kill most invertebrates. (brianmccauley.net)
In this lab, we'll just consider a few of the most prominent arthropod groups, and then look at insects in more detail. (brianmccauley.net)

When later groups of arthropods moved onto the land, it turned out that the exoskeleton happened to be very functional in preventing the body from drying out. (brianmccauley.net)

The head has two compound eyes, two pairs of antennae, and three pairs of mouthparts. (enchantedlearning.com)
Most arthropods have multiple jointed legs, antennae, mouthparts, and other body parts as part of the exoskeleton. (brianmccauley.net)

1] Forensic entomologists frequently deal with non-insect arthropods such as spiders, mites, and ticks. (medscape.com)
Permethrin-treated clothing repels and kills ticks, mosquitoes, and other arthropods and retains this effect after repeated laundering. (luxseattle.com)
Children traveling to areas with arboviruses should use the same mosquito protection measures described elsewhere in this chapter (also see Sec. 4, Ch. 6, Mosquitoes, Ticks & Other Arthropods ). (cdc.gov)
Among them are ticks, which are small bloodsucking parasites and arthropods. (medlineplus.gov)

Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 80: 411-422. (arphahub.com)
The amazing evolutionary diversification of arthropods has made their phylogeny difficult to figure out, and the experts don't always agree on how to draw the arthropod cladogram. (brianmccauley.net)

arthropod - an invertebrate animal of the large phylum Arthropoda , that has an exoskeleton and several pairs of jointed legs, such as an insect, spider, or crustacean. (imago-education.com)
exoskeleton - a rigid external covering for the body in some invertebrate animals, especially arthropods, providing both support and protection. (imago-education.com)
Arthropods are fitted with a variety of jointed, double-branched appendages and are encased in a nonliving exoskeleton. (tfhmagazine.com)
Arthropod bodies are covered with a cuticle made of chitin, forming an exoskeleton have exoskeletons made of chitin (the same complex carbohydrate found in fungal cell walls) and protein. (brianmccauley.net)
In some arthropods (such as crabs), the exoskeleton is made more rigid with calcium deposition. (brianmccauley.net)

2002. Molecular phylogenetic evidence for the independent evolutionary origin of an arthropod compound eye . (ucsb.edu)

In this lesson, you will explore a very successful phylum - the phylum arthropods. (imago-education.com)
Read the section Phylum arthropods in the Coursebook - p. 11-12. (imago-education.com)
Note that each of these are classes of the phylum Arthropod). (imago-education.com)
What are the two main characteristics of all members of the phylum arthropods? (imago-education.com)
Copy and complete the following table which compares the different classes under the phylum arthropods. (imago-education.com)

abdomen - the posterior part of the body of an arthropod, especially the segments of an insect's body behind the thorax. (imago-education.com)
The primitive arthropod body plan is characterized by a repetitive, linear succession of body sections (somites), which are often connected or fused to form specialized structures: a clearly defined cephalon (head), a thorax (midsection), and an abdomen (hindsection). (tfhmagazine.com)

They have a pair of compound eyes that allows them to see fairly well, a sense of smell and taste that is very advanced. (joewongcomedy.com)
A pair of compound eyes is visible dorsally near the front of the midline. (fieldofscience.com)

Insect eyes comprise thousands of individual microlenses that each point in different directions to capture a specific part of a scene. (nih.gov)

Shrimp, crabs, and crayfish are all arthropods or jointed-leg animals. (tfhmagazine.com)

Light sensory organ in ARTHROPODS consisting of a large number of ommatidia, each functioning as an independent photoreceptor unit. (nih.gov)

A honey bee has around 5.500 ommatidia per eye. (interestingwiki.com)

Like annelid worms, arthropods are strongly segmented, but unlike the annelids, the segmentation does not divide the body into separate compartments. (brianmccauley.net)

2004. Phylogenetic relationships of basal hexapods among the mandibulate arthropods: a cladistics analysis based on comparative morphological characters. (tolweb.org)

This is in contrast to other arthropods, most of which have more than three pairs of legs. (tolweb.org)

The coconut crab is the largest terrestrial arthropod in the world. (joewongcomedy.com)

an almost round, flattened body, with lateral expansions on the prothorax, prominent compound eyes, and lack of functional wings. (cdc.gov)

This study contributes to a growing body of evidence that more comprehensive testing of xenobiotics may be required before novel or existing compounds can be considered safe for honey bees and other non-target species. (bvsalud.org)
Despite their simple eye structure and small brain, honey bees could recognize individual human faces. (interestingwiki.com)
This gene is expressed in the developing compound eye of the honey bee. (illinois.edu)

Arthropods are clearly segmented, and the different segments are very different from one another in form and function. (brianmccauley.net)

A combination of compounds in a tick's saliva stops human blood from clotting while the tick feeds. (medlineplus.gov)

Diving beetles possess compound eyes which contain thousands of individual photoreceptor units that collectively make up the eye. (asia-qatar.com)

Most of the tested compounds did not alter the replicative activity of intestinal stem cells. (bvsalud.org)
Segmental composition and homologies of the head of stem-group Euarthropoda have been the foci of recent studies on arthropod origins. (biomedcentral.com)

It is a trilobite, which belong to a group of arthropods that became extinct about 251 million years ago. (smithsonianmag.com)
Often, derivitization is used to create a sensitive group for pyrethroids that do not possess halogenated atoms (allethrin, resmethrin, phenothrin, and tetramethrin, for example), or to improve the sensitivity and peak tailing Six individual chemicals have active insecticidal properties in the pyrethrum extract, and these compounds are called pyrethrins. (luxseattle.com)

Arthropods are animals with jointed legs. (imago-education.com)

Confined in their exoskeletons, arthropods need special structures for gas exchange, osmoregulation, and excretion. (brianmccauley.net)
The raspberry-like structures on either side of the bedbug's head, are its two compound eyes. (cdc.gov)

The ten-layered nervous tissue membrane of the eye. (lookformedical.com)
The human nervous system can be observed both with gross anatomy , (which describes the parts that are large enough to be seen with the plain eye,) and microanatomy , (which describes the system at a cellular level. (wikidoc.org)

Arthropods ( Figures B and C ) found under a rug in the cabin were collected and sent to the state public health laboratory for identification. (cdc.gov)
Diplurans include a few families of larger, pale arthropods that are frequently found in moist soils. (tolweb.org)

Making the most of the low light in the muddy rivers where it swims, the elephant nose fish survives by being able to spot predators amongst the muck with a uniquely shaped retina, the part of the eye that captures light. (nih.gov)

There are at least a million arthropod species, accounting for over 80% of known animal species. (brianmccauley.net)

Proturans are very small, pale arthropods that are rarely encountered. (tolweb.org)
Resmethrin represented the first compound that had an A blue mark has formed on ceiling cornice in a small bathroom as a result of using a device plugged in the wall power outlet containing a blue strip (brand name Mortein odourless mozzie zapper). (luxseattle.com)

Adjustment of the eyes under conditions of low light. (lookformedical.com)

NIH-funded researchers identified a set of 10 compounds in the blood that might be used to distinguish older adults at risk for developing memory deficits or Alzheimer's disease. (nih.gov)
Researchers at the National Institutes of Health are studying the saliva of arthropods to see if there is a way to create a vaccine that will affect the saliva. (medlineplus.gov)

HN - 2008(2004) BX - Acetogenin Compounds MH - Acridones UI - D054831 MN - D3.132.32 MN - D3.494.46.109 MS - Compounds based on acridone, which have three linear rings, with the center ring containing a ring nitrogen and a keto oxygen opposite to each other. (nih.gov)
HN - 2020 MH - Acyclic Monoterpenes UI - D000080462 MN - D2.455.849.575.125 MS - Linear compounds that contain a single monoterpene unit. (nih.gov)

They include designing the lens, algorithm-driven sensors, and miniature electronic circuits that adjust the shape of the lens, plus creating a power source - all embedded within a soft, flexible material that fits over the eye. (nih.gov)
HN - 2020 (1980) BX - Formalinized Allergoid BX - Formalized Allergoid BX - High Molecular Weight Allergoid FX - Desensitization, Immunologic MH - Allylbenzene Derivatives UI - D000081248 MN - D2.455.326.271.122.180 MN - D2.455.426.559.389.12 MS - Compounds that include a single 1-phenyl-2-propene moiety in their structure. (nih.gov)

The sensitivity of the eye to light is increased during dark adaptation. (lookformedical.com)

The compound eyes of trilobites were important in predator detection and spines probably evolved to keep the predators from attacking. (smithsonianmag.com)

The majority develop compound eyes by adulthood. (tfhmagazine.com)

A common misconception is that they are not visible to the naked eye. (jopestkil.com)

Many arthropods go through multiple molts in their life cycle. (brianmccauley.net)

Anatomy13

Organisms38

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs17

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Psychiatry and Psychology6

Phenomena and Processes31

Disciplines and Occupations5

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science4

Health Care4

Dissecting Nck/Dock signaling pathways in Drosophila visual system. (1/111)

Genetic dissection of the photoreceptor system in the compound eye of Drosophila melanogaster. (2/111)

Eye development under the control of SRp55/B52-mediated alternative splicing of eyeless. (3/111)

Mutation of the Apc1 homologue shattered disrupts normal eye development by disrupting G1 cell cycle arrest and progression through mitosis. (4/111)

Identification of transcriptional targets of the dual-function transcription factor/phosphatase eyes absent. (5/111)

A new allele uncovers the role of echinus in the control of ommatidial rotation in the Drosophila eye. (6/111)

Gene-specific targeting of the histone chaperone asf1 to mediate silencing. (7/111)

Myosin II regulates complex cellular arrangement and epithelial architecture in Drosophila. (8/111)

Arthropods

Compound Eye, Arthropod

Eye

Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate

Ocular Physiological Phenomena

Arthropod Vectors

Crustacea

Optic Lobe, Nonmammalian

Diptera

Drosophila

Vision, Ocular

Insects

Drosophila Proteins

Insect Proteins

Eye Diseases

Drosophila melanogaster

Eye Movements

Bees

Retina

Periplaneta

Retinal Pigments

Fossils

Spiders

Photoreceptor Cells

Eye, Artificial

Cone Opsins

Butterflies

Phylogeny

Grasshoppers

Cockroaches

Genes, Insect

Biological Evolution

Visual Pathways

Superior Colliculi

Light

Eye Proteins

Pupa

Arachnida

Molecular Sequence Data

Optic Nerve

Head

Flight, Animal

Larva

Epithelial Attachment

Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental

Wolbachia

Optics and Photonics

Morphogenesis

Biomimetics

Dry Eye Syndromes

Adaptation, Ocular

Metamorphosis, Biological

Arthropod Proteins

Mutation

Amino Acid Sequence

Microscopy, Electron, Scanning

Rhodopsin

Brachyura

Animals, Genetically Modified

Photic Stimulation

Protriptyline

Eye Abnormalities

Rod Opsins

Molecular Structure

Base Sequence

Visual Fields

Arthropod Venoms

Eye Burns

Entomology

Xenopus

Models, Biological

Beetles

Scorpions

Eye Enucleation

Annelida

Eye Color

Tribolium

Homeodomain Proteins

Phenotype

Isopoda