Comoviridae
Endogenous Retroviruses
Encyclopedias as Topic
Retroviridae
Family of RNA viruses that infects birds and mammals and encodes the enzyme reverse transcriptase. The family contains seven genera: DELTARETROVIRUS; LENTIVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE B, MAMMALIAN; ALPHARETROVIRUS; GAMMARETROVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE D; and SPUMAVIRUS. A key feature of retrovirus biology is the synthesis of a DNA copy of the genome which is integrated into cellular DNA. After integration it is sometimes not expressed but maintained in a latent state (PROVIRUSES).
Transcription, Genetic
Terminal Repeat Sequences
Nucleotide sequences repeated on both the 5' and 3' ends of a sequence under consideration. For example, the hallmarks of a transposon are that it is flanked by inverted repeats on each end and the inverted repeats are flanked by direct repeats. The Delta element of Ty retrotransposons and LTRs (long terminal repeats) are examples of this concept.
Multiple Sclerosis
An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)
Indigo Carmine
Laryngeal Cartilages
Chenopodium quinoa
Waikavirus
Sequivirus
Tungrovirus
Malus
Enterovirus
Enterovirus B, Human
Coxsackievirus Infections
Echovirus Infections
Poliovirus
A species of ENTEROVIRUS which is the causal agent of POLIOMYELITIS in humans. Three serotypes (strains) exist. Transmission is by the fecal-oral route, pharyngeal secretions, or mechanical vector (flies). Vaccines with both inactivated and live attenuated virus have proven effective in immunizing against the infection.
Enterovirus A, Human
Coronavirus
Camels
Base Sequence
Coronavirus Infections
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
Middle East
Comovirus
Fabavirus
Nepovirus
Soybeans
SARS Virus
Mutation
Mutation Rate
Virus Replication
Biological Science Disciplines
All of the divisions of the natural sciences dealing with the various aspects of the phenomena of life and vital processes. The concept includes anatomy and physiology, biochemistry and biophysics, and the biology of animals, plants, and microorganisms. It should be differentiated from BIOLOGY, one of its subdivisions, concerned specifically with the origin and life processes of living organisms.
PubMed
A bibliographic database that includes MEDLINE as its primary subset. It is produced by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), part of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. PubMed, which is searchable through NLM's Web site, also includes access to additional citations to selected life sciences journals not in MEDLINE, and links to other resources such as the full-text of articles at participating publishers' Web sites, NCBI's molecular biology databases, and PubMed Central.
Directories as Topic
Nucleotide sequences and taxonomy of satsuma dwarf virus. (1/2)
The nucleotide sequences of genomic RNA1 (6795 nt) and RNA2 (5345 nt) of satsuma dwarf virus (SDV), a tentative member of the genus Nepovirus, were determined. The deduced genome organization of SDV showed similarities to the organization in como-, faba- and nepoviruses. There is extensive amino acid sequence similarity in the N-terminal regions of the proteins encoded by RNA1 and RNA2, as reported previously only for tomato ringspot nepovirus. However, unlike definitive nepoviruses, which have a single coat protein, SDV has two coat proteins. SDV RNA2 does not contain the long (> 1300 nt) 3' non-coding region characteristic of some nepoviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of SDV RNA polymerase placed SDV apart from como-, faba- and nepoviruses. These unique features suggest that SDV is distinct from the Comovirus, Fabavirus and Nepovirus genera, and needs to be separated into a new genus, probably within the family Comoviridae. (+info)Evidence for participation of RNA 1-encoded elicitor in Cowpea mosaic virus-mediated concurrent protection. (2/2)
The cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) line Arlington, inoculated with Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV), showed no symptoms, and no infectivity or accumulation of capsid antigen was detected at several days after inoculation. Coinoculation, but not sequential inoculation, of CPMV with similar concentrations of another Comovirus; Cowpea severe mosaic virus (CPSMV), resulted in reduced numbers of CPSMV-induced lesions. This apparent, CPMV-mediated reduction in number of CPSMV-induced infection centers was termed concurrent protection. We report results obtained by inoculating two nearly isogenic cowpea lines derived from a CPMV-susceptible cowpea crossed to Arlington, one line CPMV-susceptible and the other resistant. The CPMV virions B and M, encapsidating genomic RNAs 1 and 2, respectively, were extensively purified by gradient centrifugation. In the CPMV-resistant cowpea, either CPMV or CPMV B affected concurrent protection against CPSMV and against two distinct non-Comoviruses: Cherry leafroll virus and Southern bean mosaic virus. Adding CPMV M to the inoculum did not enhance CPMV-B-mediated protection. CPMV B was ineffective in protecting CPMV-susceptible cowpea. We postulate that CPMV-mediated concurrent protection is elicited in CPMV-resistant cowpea by a CPMV RNA-1-encoded factor and acts to reduce accumulation or spread of CPMV and certain coinoculated challenging viruses in or from the inoculated cell. Coinoculated CPMV did not protect CPMV-resistant cowpea against Tomato bushy stunt virus or Cucumber mosaic virus. (+info)
Nucleotide sequence and genome organization of Apple latent spherical virus: a new virus classified into the family Comoviridae...
enzymes for mucus - The Philip Awadalla Genomics Laboratory
Wilma the Pug: Wilmas Wednesday Words of Wisdom
Comovirinae - Wikipedia
Number 3, March
Nepovirus | Article about Nepovirus by The Free Dictionary
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Retrovirus
When retroviruses have integrated their own genome into the germ line, their genome is passed on to a following generation. These endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), contrasted with exogenous ones, now make up 5-8% of the human genome.[7] Most insertions have no known function and are often referred to as "junk DNA". However, many endogenous retroviruses play important roles in host biology, such as control of gene transcription, cell fusion during placental development in the course of the germination of an embryo, and resistance to exogenous retroviral infection. Endogenous retroviruses have also received special attention in the research of immunology-related pathologies, such as autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis, although endogenous retroviruses have not yet been proven to play any causal role in this class of disease.[8] While transcription was classically thought to occur only from DNA to RNA, reverse transcriptase transcribes RNA into DNA. The term "retro" in retrovirus refers to ...
Hepadnaviridae
The hepatitis envelope proteins are composed of subunits made from the viral preS1, preS2, and S genes. The L (for "large") envelope protein contains all three subunits. The M (for "medium") protein contains only preS2 and S. The S (for "small") protein contains only S. The genome portions encoding these envelope protein subuntis share both the same frame and the same stop codon (generating nested transcripts on a single open reading frame. The pre-S1 is encoded first (closest to the 5' end), followed directly by the pre-S2 and the S. When a transcript is made from the beginning of the pre-S1 region, all three genes are included in the transcript and the L protein is produced. When the transcript starts after the pro-S1 at the beginning of the pre-S2 the final protein contains the pre-S2 and S subunits only and therefore is an M protein. The smallest envelope protein containing just the S subunit is made most because it is encoded closest to the 3' end and comes from the shortest transcript. ...
Betanodavirus
Viruses in Betanodavirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 30 nm. Genomes are linear and segmented, bipartite, around 21.4kb in length.[8]. The crystal structure of a betanodavirus- T=3 Grouper nervous necrosis virus (GNNV)-like particle has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The virus-like particle contains 180 subunits of the capsid protein, and each capsid protein (CP) shows three major domains: (i) the N-terminal arm, an inter-subunit extension at the inner surface; (ii) the shell domain (S-domain), a jelly-roll structure; and (iii) the protrusion domain (P-domain) formed by three-fold trimeric protrusions. [10]. ...
Polydnavirus
Nucleic acid analysis suggests a very long association of the viruses with the wasps (greater than 70 million years).. Two proposals have been advanced for how the wasp/virus association developed. The first suggests that the virus is derived from wasp genes. Many parasitoids that do not use PDVs inject proteins that provide many of the same functions, that is, a suppression of the immune response to the parasite egg. In this model, the braconid and ichneumonid wasps packaged genes for these functions into the viruses-essentially creating a gene-transfer system that results in the caterpillar producing the immune-suppressing factors. In this scenario, the PDV structural proteins (capsids) were probably "borrowed" from existing viruses.. The alternative proposal suggests that ancestral wasps developed a beneficial association with an existing virus that eventually led to the integration of the virus into the wasp's genome. Following integration, the genes responsible for virus replication and the ...
Virus
Louis Pasteur was unable to find a causative agent for rabies and speculated about a pathogen too small to be detected using a microscope.[21] In 1884, the French microbiologist Charles Chamberland invented a filter (known today as the Chamberland filter or the Pasteur-Chamberland filter) with pores smaller than bacteria. Thus, he could pass a solution containing bacteria through the filter and completely remove them from the solution.[22] In 1892, the Russian biologist Dmitri Ivanovsky used this filter to study what is now known as the tobacco mosaic virus. His experiments showed that crushed leaf extracts from infected tobacco plants remain infectious after filtration. Ivanovsky suggested the infection might be caused by a toxin produced by bacteria, but did not pursue the idea.[23] At the time it was thought that all infectious agents could be retained by filters and grown on a nutrient medium - this was part of the germ theory of disease.[2] In 1898, the Dutch microbiologist Martinus ...
Herpesvirales
The Herpesvirales naming system originated in 1973 and has been elaborated considerably since. All herpesviruses described since this system was adopted have been named in accordance with it. The recommended naming system specifies that each species name consists of three parts: a first word, a second word, and finally a number. The first word should be derived from the taxon (family or subfamily) to which its primary natural host belongs. The subfamily name is used for viruses from members of the family Bovidae or from primates (the virus name ending in -ine, e.g. bovine), and the host family name for other viruses (ending in -id, e.g. equid). Human herpesviruses have been treated as an exception (human rather than hominid). Following the host-derived term, species in the family Herpesviridae, which are divided into subfamilies Alphaherpesvirinae, Betaherpesvirinae, and Gammaherpesvirinae, will have the word alphaherpesvirus, betaherpesvirus, or gammaherpesvirus added, respectively. Species in ...
History of virology
Despite his other successes, Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) was unable to find a causative agent for rabies and speculated about a pathogen too small to be detected using a microscope.[1] In 1884, the French microbiologist Charles Chamberland (1851-1931) invented a filter - known today as the Chamberland filter - that had pores smaller than bacteria. Thus, he could pass a solution containing bacteria through the filter and completely remove them from the solution.[2] In 1876, Adolf Mayer, who directed the Agricultural Experimental Station in Wageningen was the first to show that what he called "Tobacco Mosaic Disease" was infectious, he thought that it was caused by either a toxin or a very small bacterium. Later, in 1892, the Russian biologist Dmitry Ivanovsky (1864-1920) used a Chamberland filter to study what is now known as the tobacco mosaic virus. His experiments showed that crushed leaf extracts from infected tobacco plants remain infectious after filtration. Ivanovsky suggested the infection ...
Birnaviridae
The Birnaviridae genome encodes several proteins: Birnaviridae RNA-directed RNA polymerase (VP1), which lacks the highly conserved Gly-Asp-Asp (GDD) sequence, a component of the proposed catalytic site of this enzyme family that exists in the conserved motif VI of the palm domain of other RNA-directed RNA polymerases.[3] The large RNA segment, segment A, of birnaviruses codes for a polyprotein (N-VP2-VP4-VP3-C) [4] that is processed into the major structural proteins of the virion: VP2, VP3 (a minor structural component of the virus), and into the putative protease VP4.[4] VP4 protein is involved in generating VP2 and VP3.[4] recombinant VP3 is more immunogenic than recombinant VP2.[5] Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), a birnavirus, is an important pathogen in fish farms. Analyses of viral proteins showed that VP2 is the major structural and immunogenic polypeptide of the virus.[6][7] All neutralizing monoclonal antibodies are specific to VP2 and bind to continuous or discontinuous ...
Comovirinae
The genera Comovirus, Nepovirus and Fabavirus were classified into the family Comoviridae in 1993. This family was classified ... CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) ICTV Taxonomy History for Comoviridae, accessed on line Nov. 20, 2015. ICTV Taxonomy ... its genera were formerly classified in the family Comoviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are currently 62 species in ...
Peach enation virus
... is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Comoviridae. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database: Peach enation ...
Black queen cell virus
Families within the Picornavirales order include Picornaviridae, Comoviridae, Dicistroviridae, Marnaviridae, and Sequiviridae. ...
Radish mosaic virus
... (RaMV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Comoviridae. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database: Radish ...
Lucerne Australian symptomless virus
... (LASV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Comoviridae. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus ...
Andean potato mottle virus
... (APMoV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Comoviridae. ICTVdB-The Universal Virus Database: ...
腸道病毒 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书
豇豆镶嵌病毒科 Comoviridae. *黄病毒科 Flaviviridae ...
中東呼吸綜合症 - 维基百科,自由的百
豇豆镶嵌病毒科 Comoviridae. *黄病毒科 Flaviviridae ...
Broad bean wilt virus
... (BBWV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Comoviridae, infecting spinach and grape. List of ...
Secoviridae
The family was created in 2009 with the grouping of families Sequiviridae, now dissolved, and Comoviridae, now subfamily ...
Bean pod mottle virus
BPMV is a species in the plant pathogenic virus family Comoviridae, and genus Comovirus characterized by icosahedral symmetry, ...
Ringspot
... plant pathogenic virus of the family Comoviridae Tobacco ringspot virus, plant pathogenic virus in the plant virus family ... Comoviridae Tomato ringspot virus, plant pathogenic virus of the family Comoviridae This disambiguation page lists articles ... plant pathogenic virus of the family Comoviridae Prunus necrotic ringspot virus, plant pathogenic virus of the family ... Bromoviridae Raspberry ringspot virus, plant pathogenic virus of the family Comoviridae Strawberry latent ringspot virus, ...
PRMV
... may refer to : Peach rosette mosaic virus, a plant pathogenic virus of the family Comoviridae PrMV may refer to : Primula ...
Fabavirus
... it was originally unassigned but given genus status in 1993 as a member of the Comoviridae, of the Picornavirales in 2008, and ...
Templat:Baltimore classification Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebas
Astroviridae · Barnaviridae · Bromoviridae · Caliciviridae · Closteroviridae · Comoviridae · Dicistroviridae · Flaviviridae · ...
Retrovirus - Wikipedia
When retroviruses have integrated their own genome into the germ line, their genome is passed on to a following generation. These endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), contrasted with exogenous ones, now make up 5-8% of the human genome.[7] Most insertions have no known function and are often referred to as "junk DNA". However, many endogenous retroviruses play important roles in host biology, such as control of gene transcription, cell fusion during placental development in the course of the germination of an embryo, and resistance to exogenous retroviral infection. Endogenous retroviruses have also received special attention in the research of immunology-related pathologies, such as autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis, although endogenous retroviruses have not yet been proven to play any causal role in this class of disease.[8] While transcription was classically thought to occur only from DNA to RNA, reverse transcriptase transcribes RNA into DNA. The term "retro" in retrovirus refers to ...
Hepadnaviridae - Wikipedia
The hepatitis envelope proteins are composed of subunits made from the viral preS1, preS2, and S genes. The L (for "large") envelope protein contains all three subunits. The M (for "medium") protein contains only preS2 and S. The S (for "small") protein contains only S. The genome portions encoding these envelope protein subuntis share both the same frame and the same stop codon (generating nested transcripts on a single open reading frame. The pre-S1 is encoded first (closest to the 5 end), followed directly by the pre-S2 and the S. When a transcript is made from the beginning of the pre-S1 region, all three genes are included in the transcript and the L protein is produced. When the transcript starts after the pro-S1 at the beginning of the pre-S2 the final protein contains the pre-S2 and S subunits only and therefore is an M protein. The smallest envelope protein containing just the S subunit is made most because it is encoded closest to the 3 end and comes from the shortest transcript. ...
Category:Translingual proper nouns - Wiktionary
Plant Virology, Book by Roger Hull (Other) | chapters.indigo.ca
J. Replication of Comoviridae. K. Replication of Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus. L. Replication of Other (+)-Strand RNA Viruses. M ... K. Family Comoviridae. L. Family Potyviridae. M. Family Tombusviridae. N. Family Sequiviridae. O. Family Closteroviridae. P. ... B. Family Comoviridae. C. Family Potyviridae. D. Family Tombusviridae. E. Family Sequiviridae. F. Family Closteroviridae. G. ...
The Big Picture Book of Viruses - Baltimore Listing
Nucleotide sequence and genome organization of Apple latent spherical virus: a new virus classified into the family Comoviridae...
... in good agreement with the gene arrangement of viruses in the Comoviridae. The 108K protein contains an LPL movement protein ( ... Mayo, M. A. & Fritsch, C. ( 1994; ). A possible consensus sequence for VPg of viruses in the family Comoviridae. FEBS Letters ... Nucleotide sequence and genome organization of Apple latent spherical virus: a new virus classified into the family Comoviridae ... Nucleotide sequence and genome organization of Apple latent spherical virus: a new virus classified into the family Comoviridae ...
Comovirinae - Wikipedia
The genera Comovirus, Nepovirus and Fabavirus were classified into the family Comoviridae in 1993. This family was classified ... CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) ICTV Taxonomy History for Comoviridae, accessed on line Nov. 20, 2015. ICTV Taxonomy ... its genera were formerly classified in the family Comoviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are currently 62 species in ...
Cowpea mosaic virus - wikidoc
The Cowpea mosaic virus is a plant mosaic virus of the comovirus group. Infection of a cowpea leaf results in high virus yields (1-2 g/kg). Genomes consists of 2 molecules of positive-strand RNA (RNA-1 and RNA-2) which are separately encapsidated. Each is expressed by a polyprotein processing strategy. Particles are 28nm in diameter and contain 60 copies each of a Large (L) and Small (S) coat protein arranged pseudo T=3 (P=3) symmetry. The structure is well characterised to atomic resolution and the viral particles are thermostable. It can infect the Black-eyed pea, as it displays a number of features that can be exploited for nanoscale biomaterial fabrication and because its genetic, biological and physical properties are well characterised. CPMV can be isolated readily from plants. It is possible to attach a number of different chemicals to the virus surface and to construct multilayer arrays of such nanoparticles on solid surfaces. This gives the natural nanoparticles a range of properties ...
RNA virus - wikidoc
2010 Potomac Division Meeting Abstracts
Peach enation virus - Wikipedia
Viruses | Free Full-Text | Discovery of Four Novel Viruses Associated with Flower Yellowing Disease of Green Sichuan Pepper ...
Non-canonical Translation in Plant RNA Viruses
Establishment of an agroinoculation system for broad bean wilt virus 2 | SpringerLink
Differentiation Study between Alfalfa Mosaic Virus and Red Clover Mottle Virus Affecting Broad Bean by Biological and Molecular...
Characterization of virus-induced gene silencing in tobacco plants infected with apple latent spherical virus, Archives of...
Patent US8211279 - Electrochemistry and electrogenerated chemiluminescence with a single ... - Google Patents
Demarcation of ilarviruses based on the phylogeny of RNA2-encoded RdRp and a generic ramped annealing RT-PCR, Archives of...
External symptoms of virus infected plants
Waikaviruses: Studied But Not Understood
Nepovirus | Article about Nepovirus by The Free Dictionary
Multi‐component Plant Viruses
Panhandle Research and Extension Center | Agricultural Research Division of IANR | University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Biological and molecular characterization of an isolate of Tobacco streak virus obtained from soybeans in Brazil
Improved apple latent spherical virus-induced gene silencing in multiple soybean genotypes through direct inoculation of agro...
US20020164585A1 - Method for enhancing RNA or protein production using non-native 5' untranslated sequences in recombinant...
DeCS 2018 - Changed terms
Comovirus2
- The genera Comovirus, Nepovirus and Fabavirus were classified into the family Comoviridae in 1993. (wikipedia.org)
- SqMV (genus Comovirus , family Comoviridae ) has been detected in South Carolina and Texas (8,12). (sare.org)
Nepovirus3
- 1955). At that time, the authors mentioned that similar symptoms were described in soybean in the USA, but these symptoms were caused by Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV), family Comoviridae , genus Nepovirus . (scielo.br)
- Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) and Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV), in the genus Nepovirus of the family Comoviridae , have been reported in cucurbits in South Carolina, Texas, and Wisconsin (8,12,13), and in the northeastern US (17), respectively. (sare.org)
- Aunque las especies de NF con un mayor impacto económico son las especies endoparásitas pertenecientes a los géneros Meloidogyne, Heterodera y Globodera, la importancia fitopatológica de los NF de la familia Longidoridae no solo subyace de su amplia gama de huéspedes y su distribución, sino porque algunas especies son vectores de virus fitopatógenos (género Nepovirus, familia Comoviridae), causando daños significativos y pérdidas de producción en multitud de cultivos. (uco.es)
Genus1
- 2009) Secoviridae: a proposed family of plant viruses within the order Picornavirales that combines the families Sequiviridae and Comoviridae, the unassigned genera Cheravirus and Sadwavirus, and the proposed genus Torradovirus. (els.net)
Genera1
- its genera were formerly classified in the family Comoviridae. (wikipedia.org)
Family2
- family Comoviridae ) is a reemerging disease of soybeans. (apsnet.org)
- Peach enation virus is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Comoviridae. (wikipedia.org)
Virus1
- Virus 2 questions Petits agents infectieux aux génomes constitués, soit d'ADN, soit d'ARN (jamais des deux), sans métabolisme propre et dans l'incapacité de se multiplier en dehors des cellules vivantes. (lookformedical.com)