Badnavirus
Ageratum
Cell wall arabinan is essential for guard cell function. (1/12)
Stomatal guard cells play a key role in the ability of plants to survive on dry land, because their movements regulate the exchange of gases and water vapor between the external environment and the interior of the plant. The walls of these cells are exceptionally strong and must undergo large and reversible deformation during stomatal opening and closing. The molecular basis of the unique strength and flexibility of guard cell walls is unknown. We show that degradation of cell wall arabinan prevents either stomatal opening or closing. This locking of guard cell wall movements can be reversed if homogalacturonan is subsequently removed from the wall. We suggest that arabinans maintain flexibility in the cell wall by preventing homogalacturonan polymers from forming tight associations. (+info)The effects of manipulating phospholipase C on guard cell ABA-signalling. (2/12)
Studies using stably transformed tobacco plants containing very low levels of PI-PLC in their guard cells show that this enzyme plays a role in the events associated with the inhibition of stomatal opening by ABA, but not in the cellular reactions that are responsible for ABA-induced stomatal closure. However, Commelina communis guard cells microinjected with the InsP3 antagonist, heparin, fail to close on addition of ABA. There are three possible explanations for this apparent data mismatch. The differences may be indicative of species-specific signalling pathways, the presence of a PI-PLC isoform(s) that is not down-regulated in these transgenic lines and/or they may reflect differences between short-term (acute) administration of an inhibitor and long-term (chronic) effects of gene manipulation. It is possible that the guard cell is a robust signalling system that is able to adapt or compensate for the chronic loss of PI-PLC, but which is unable to adjust quickly to acute loss of this component. It would be interesting to investigate this possibility further using either transient manipulation of gene expression or through the use of an inducible promoter. (+info)Comparative structure and pollen production of the stamens and pollinator-deceptive staminodes of Commelina coelestis and C. dianthifolia (Commelinaceae). (3/12)
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Flowers of Commelina coelestis and C. dianthifolia provide pollen alone as a floral reward, and rely on visual cues to attract pollinators. Three stamen types, all producing pollen, occur in each of these species: two cryptically coloured lateral stamens, a single cryptically coloured central stamen and three bright yellow staminodes that sharply contrast with the blue to purple corolla. The objective was to compare the stamen structure and pollen characteristics of each of the three stamen types, and to test the hypothesis that the staminodes are poor contributors of viable pollen for the siring of seed. The pollination roles of the three stamen types and the breeding systems of both species were also explored. METHODS: Light, fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy were utilized to examine stamen morphology and pollen structure and viability. Controlled hand pollinations were used to explore the breeding system of each species. Filament and style lengths were measured to investigate herkogamy and autogamy. KEY RESULTS: Pollen from all stamen morphs is viable, but staminode pollen has significantly lower viability. Pollen polymorphism exists both (a) between the lateral and central stamens and the staminodes, and (b) within each anther. Lateral and central stamens have thicker endothecia with a greater number of secondary cell wall thickenings than the staminodes. CONCLUSIONS: Both species are entomophilous and facultatively autogamous. Lateral stamen pollen is important for cross-pollination, central stamen pollen is utilized by both species as a pollinator reward and for delayed autogamy in C. dianthifolia, and the staminodes mimic, by means of both colour and epidermal features, large amounts of pollen to attract insects to the flowers. Pollen from all three anther morphs is capable of siring seed, although staminode pollen is inferior. The thin staminode endothecium with fewer secondary thickenings retards staminode dehiscence. (+info)Lateral diffusion of CO2 in leaves is not sufficient to support photosynthesis. (4/12)
Lateral diffusion of CO(2) was investigated in photosynthesizing leaves with different anatomy by gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence imaging using grease to block stomata. When one-half of the leaf surface of the heterobaric species Helianthus annuus was covered by 4-mm-diameter patches of grease, the response of net CO(2) assimilation rate (A) to intercellular CO(2) concentration (C(i)) indicated that higher ambient CO(2) concentrations (C(a)) caused only limited lateral diffusion into the greased areas. When single 4-mm patches were applied to leaves of heterobaric Phaseolus vulgaris and homobaric Commelina communis, chlorophyll a fluorescence images showed dramatic declines in the quantum efficiency of photosystem II electron transport (measured as F(q)'/F(m)') across the patch, demonstrating that lateral CO(2) diffusion could not support A. The F(q)'/F(m)' values were used to compute images of C(i) across patches, and their dependence on C(a) was assessed. At high C(a), the patch effect was less in C. communis than P. vulgaris. A finite-volume porous-medium model for assimilation rate and lateral CO(2) diffusion was developed to analyze the patch images. The model estimated that the effective lateral CO(2) diffusion coefficients inside C. communis and P. vulgaris leaves were 22% and 12% of that for free air, respectively. We conclude that, in the light, lateral CO(2) diffusion cannot support appreciable photosynthesis over distances of more than approximately 0.3 mm in normal leaves, irrespective of the presence or absence of bundle sheath extensions, because of the CO(2) assimilation by cells along the diffusion pathway. (+info)Species-dependent changes in stomatal sensitivity to abscisic acid mediated by external pH. (5/12)
The direct effects of pH changes and/or abscisic acid (ABA) on stomatal aperture were examined in epidermal strips of Commelina communis L. and Arabidopsis thaliana. Stomata were initially opened at pH 7 or pH 5. The stomatal closure induced by changes in external pH and/or ABA (10 microM or 10 nM) was monitored using video microscopy and quantified in terms of changes in stomatal area using image analysis software. Measurements of aperture area enabled stomatal responses and, in particular, small changes in stomatal area to be quantified reliably. Both plant species exhibited a biphasic closure response to ABA: an initial phase of rapid stomatal closure, followed by a second, more prolonged, phase during which stomata closure proceeded at a slower rate. Changes in stomatal sensitivity to ABA were also observed. Comparison of these effects between C. communis and A. thaliana demonstrate that this differential sensitivity of stomata to ABA is species-dependent, as well as being dependent on the pH of the extracellular environment. (+info)Osmotic effects on vacuolar ion release in guard cells. (6/12)
Tracer flux experiments in isolated guard cells of Commelina communis L. suggest that the vacuolar ion content is regulated and is reset to a reduced fixed point by abscisic acid (ABA) with no significant change in cytoplasmic content. The effects of changes in external osmotic pressure were investigated by adding and removing mannitol from the bathing solution. Two effects were distinguished. In the new steady state of volume and turgor, the vacuolar ion efflux was sensitive to turgor: efflux increased at high turgor and reduced at lower turgor after the addition of mannitol. These changes were inhibited by phenylarsine oxide and are likely to involve the same channel that is involved in the response to ABA. After a hypoosmotic transfer, there was an additional effect: a fast transient stimulation of vacuolar efflux during the period of water flow into the cell; the size of this hypopeak increased with the size of the hypoosmotic shock, with increased water flow. No corresponding transient in reduced vacuolar efflux was observed upon hyperosmotic transfer. The fast hypopeak was not inhibited by phenylarsine oxide and appears to involve a different ion channel from that involved in the resting efflux, the response to ABA, or the turgor sensitivity. Thus, the tonoplast can sense an osmotic gradient and respond to water flow into the vacuole by increased vacuolar ion efflux, thereby minimizing cytoplasmic dilution. An aquaporin is the most likely sensor and may also be involved in the signal transduction chain. (+info)Modification of leaf apoplastic pH in relation to stomatal sensitivity to root-sourced abscisic acid signals. (7/12)
The confocal microscope was used to determine the pH of the leaf apoplast and the pH of microvolumes of xylem sap. We quantified variation in leaf apoplast and sap pH in relation to changes in edaphic and atmospheric conditions that impacted on stomatal sensitivity to a root-sourced abscisic acid signal. Several plant species showed significant changes in the pH of both xylem sap and the apoplast of the shoot in response to environmental perturbation. Xylem sap leaving the root was generally more acidic than sap in the midrib and the apoplast of the leaf. Increasing the transpiration rate of both intact plants and detached plant parts resulted in more acidic leaf apoplast pHs. Experiments with inhibitors suggested that protons are removed from xylem sap as it moves up the plant, thereby alkalinizing the sap. The more rapid the transpiration rate and the shorter the time that the sap resided in the xylem/apoplastic pathway, the smaller the impact of proton removal on sap pH. Sap pH of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and Commelina communis did not change significantly as soil dried, while pH of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) sap increased as water availability in the soil declined. Increasing the availability of nitrate to roots also significantly alkalinized the xylem sap of tomato plants. This nitrogen treatment had the effect of enhancing the sensitivity of the stomatal response to soil drying. These responses were interpreted as an effect of nitrate addition on sap pH and closure of stomata via an abscisic acid-based mechanism. (+info)Structure of commelinin, a blue complex pigment from the blue flowers of Commelina communis. (8/12)
The X-ray crystal structure of natural commelinin is investigated. The results demonstrate that commelinin is a tetranuclear (4 Mg(2+)) metal complex, in which two Mg(2+) ions chelate to six anthocyanin molecules, while the other two Mg(2+) ions bind to six flavone molecules, stabilizing the commelinin complex, a new type of supramolecular complex. (+info)
Stomatal opening and closing in Commelina communis
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Commelina
4, Berlin: Springer, p. 126 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Commelina. Wikispecies has information related to Commelina ... The Asiatic dayflower (Commelina communis) is probably the best known species in the West. It is a common weed in parts of ... Commelina is a genus of approximately 170 species commonly called dayflowers due to the short lives of their flowers. They are ... Several species, such as Commelina benghalensis, are eaten as a leaf vegetable in Southeast Asia and Africa. Plants in the ...
Commelina diffusa
Within China, Commelina diffusa is used as a medicinal herb with febrifugal and diuretic effects. A dye is also obtained from ... Commelina diffusa is typically an annual herb, though it may be perennial in the tropics. It spreads diffusely, creeping along ... Commelina diffusa, sometimes known as the climbing dayflower or spreading dayflower, is a pantropical herbaceous plant in the ... Faden, Robert (2006), "Commelina diffusa", in Flora of North America Editorial Committee 1993+ (ed.), Flora of North America ...
Commelina maculata
... is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family found in India, Burma, Bhutan, and southern China. It is most ... The species is very similar to Commelina paludosa, and further study is needed to recognize the boundary between the two. The ... 1851) Hong, Deyuan; DeFillipps, Robert A. (2000), "Commelina maculata", in Wu, Z. Y.; Raven, P.H.; Hong, D.Y. (ed.), Flora of ... Commelina, Flora of Asia, Plants described in 1851). ...
Commelina kotschyi
This has led some researchers to suggest that Commelina kotschyi may have been only recently introduced to India. Commelina ... Commelina kotschyi is distributed across much of Africa, primarily in the east of the continent, and is also found in India. In ... Commelina kotschyi is a monocotyledonous, herbaceous plant in the dayflower family from Africa and India. This annual, blue- ... This makes it one of only two species of Commelina which occur in northeastern tropical Africa and India, but not on the ...
Commelina ensifolia
... , commonly known as scurvy weed, scurvy grass or wandering Jew, is an annual herb native to Australia, India ... "Commelina ensifolia". Atlas of Living Australia. Retrieved 21 August 2014. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families John ... F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Commelina ensifolia". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 ... ISBN 978-0-00-636571-6. "Commelina ensifolia". Discover Nature at JCU. James Cook University Australia. Archived from the ...
Commelina forskaolii
... , sometimes known as rat's ear, is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family native to much of Africa, ... 203-204, ISBN 978 1 84246 436 6 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Commelina forskaolii. (Articles with short description, ... Commelina, Flora of Africa, Flora of India (region), Plants described in 1805, Taxa named by Martin Vahl). ...
Commelina africana
... , the common yellow commelina, is a widespread species of flowering plant in the family Commelinaceae. It is ... africana Commelina africana var. glabriuscula (Norl.) Brenan - Southern Africa, Rift Valley Commelina africana var. karooica (C ... villosior (C.B.Clarke) Brenan - Most of range Commelina africana subsp. zanzibarica Faden - Kenya, Tanzania, and introduced to ... Foden, W.; Potter, L. (2005). "Common Yellow Commelina". National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2020.1. ...
Commelina grossa
... is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family found in the East and Southern African countries of Tanzania, ... These features suggest it may be related to Commelina schweinfurthii and its allies, which share many of the same floral ... Commelina, Flora of South Tropical Africa, Flora of Tanzania, Plants described in 1901, Taxa named by Charles Baron Clarke). ...
Commelina cyanea
PlantNET, plant profile Commelina cyanea "Commelina cyanea R. Br". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre ... ISBN 978-0-643-09761-2. Association of Societies for Growing Australian Plants (ASGAP), Commelina cyanea."Commelina cyanea". ... The genus name Commelina was chosen based on the Asiatic dayflower. Linnaeus picked the name in honour of the Dutch botanists ... Commelina cyanea was one of the many species initially described by the botanist Robert Brown in his 1810 work Prodromus Florae ...
Commelina dianthifolia
... , known as the birdbill dayflower, is a perennial herb native to mountains in the south-western United ... Commelina dianthifolia Delile - PLANTS Profile. USDA Retrieved 25 January 2011. Swank, George R. 1932 The Ethnobotany of the ... Commelina, Flora of Arizona, Flora of Colorado, Flora of New Mexico, Flora of Texas, Flora of Mexico, Plants used in ...
Commelina fluviatilis
... revealed that Commelina fluviatilis forms a clade with Commelina purpurea and Commelina welwitschii. Both of these relatives ... Commelina fluviatilis is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family found primarily in Central Africa. It is known from ... A New Species of Commelina from South Tropical Africa". Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung München. 6 (2): 253-255. ... Commelina, Flora of Africa, Aquatic plants, Plants described in 1967). ...
Commelina virginica
... suggested that Commelina virginica is most closely related to two African species, namely Commelina capitata and Commelina ... "Commelina virginica". NatureServe Explorer. NatureServe. Retrieved 2008-08-25. Faden, Robert (2006). "Commelina virginica". In ... Commelina virginica, commonly known as the Virginia dayflower, is a perennial herbaceous plant in the dayflower family. It is ... Commelina, Flora of the Eastern United States, Plants described in 1762, Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus, All stub articles, ...
Commelina tuberosa
The species is sometimes considered to include the species Commelina coelestis, Commelina dianthifolia, and Commelina elliptica ... In this sense, Commelina tuberosa is a low-growing plant with long narrow leaves. The Coelestis Group is a cultivar group of ... Commelina tuberosa is an herbaceous perennial plant in the dayflower family which is native to Mexico but grown worldwide as an ... Linnaeus (1753). "Commelina". Species Plantarum (in Latin). pp. 40-42. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Huxley, A ...
Commelina zenkeri
... is a plant species native to tropical Africa. It is known from Uganda and Cameroon. Unconfirmed reports place ... It grows on rocky hillsides in evergreen tropical forests at elevations up to 1300 m. Commelina zenkeri is a perennial herb up ... New or misunderstood species of Commelina (Commelinaceae) from the Flora of Tropical East Africa and the Flora Zambesiaca areas ... Commelina, Flora of Cameroon, Flora of Uganda, Flora of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Taxa named by Charles Baron ...
Commelina lukei
Neither Commelina imberbis nor Commelina mascarenica is most closely related to Commelina lukei. A third similar species, ... Commelina lukei was previously confused with the similar species Commelina imberbis. While a number of morphological characters ... Described in 2008, the species was previously confused with Commelina mascarenica and Commelina imberbis. Despite this ... Commelina lukei had been informally recognised as a distinct species for some time, particularly when it was observed in the ...
Commelina welwitschii
... revealed that Commelina welwitschii forms a clade with Commelina purpurea and Commelina fluviatilis. Both of these relatives ... Although it has yellow flowers, this study did not find a close relationship with Commelina capitata or Commelina africana, the ... points out that Commelina welwitschii is one of only three species in the genus to have bead-like rhizomes along with Commelina ... Commelina welwitschii is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family found in Southern Africa from Zimbabwe to Angola. A ...
Commelina acutispatha
The name Commelina thomasii was often used for West African plants until it was realized that Commelina acutispatha, an older ... Commelina acutispatha is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family found primarily in East and Central Africa, including ... Commelina, Flora of Africa, Plants described in 1931). ...
Commelina benghalensis
ISBN 0-88192-527-6 Media related to Commelina benghalensis at Wikimedia Commons Commelina benghalensis in West African plants ... Commelina benghalensis is a wide-ranging plant, being native to tropical and subtropical Asia and Africa, an area otherwise ... Commelina benghalensis, commonly known as the Benghal dayflower, tropical spiderwort, or wandering Jew, kanshira in Bengali, is ... Commelina benghalensis produces three types of branches - aerial or negatively geotropic ones, subaerial or diageotropic ones, ...
Commelina mascarenica
It had formerly been confused with the closely related species Commelina imberbis and Commelina lukei, the latter occurring ... Commelina mascarenica is a monocotyledonous, herbaceous plant in the dayflower family from East Africa. This pale blue-flowered ... Faden, Robert B. (2008), "Commelina mascarenica (Commelinaceae), an overlooked Malagasy species in Africa" (PDF), Adansonia, 3 ... "New Species of Commelina (Commelinaceae) from East and South-central Africa", Novon, 18 (4): 469-479, doi:10.3417/2007025 v t e ...
Commelina polhillii
A new species of Commelina (Commelinaceae) from Tanzania. Novon 11:16-21. Tropicos Faden, R.B. 1994. New species of Commelina ... Commelina polhillii is a plant species native to Tanzania, known only from the Iriniga and Mpanda Districts. It occurs in open ... Commelina polhillii is an annual herb with ascendent(=reclining for a while then turning upward) to decumbent (=trailing) stems ...
Commelina caroliniana
Faden determined that Commelina caroliniana must have been introduced and made Commelina hasskarlii a synonym of it. Commelina ... In 1881, Charles Baron Clarke began to treat it as a synonym of Commelina diffusa, then known as Commelina nudiflora. In the ... Commelina diffusa). They measure 1.2 to 3 cm in length, and rarely up to 3.7 cm long, by 0.5 to 1 cm in width. Their margins ... Commelina caroliniana is native to India and Bangladesh. It was introduced to South Carolina via the port of Charleston in or ...
Commelina eckloniana
Subspecies Commelina eckloniana subsp. claessensii (De Wild.) Faden - Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda Commelina ... eckloniana - Zimbabwe, South Africa, Eswatini Commelina eckloniana subsp. nairobiensis (Faden) Faden - Kenya Commelina ... Commelina eckloniana is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family with a broad distribution in Central and East Africa. It ... 1930). "Commelina". Contribution à l'étude de la Flore du Katanga, Supplément (PDF) (in French). Vol. 3. Bruxelles: D. Van ...
Commelina erecta
It is considered to be the most variable species of Commelina in North America. Commelina erecta is native to much of the world ... 49-50 Media related to Commelina erecta at Wikimedia Commons Profile at Flora of Missouri Webpage Commelina erecta in West ... Commelina erecta, commonly known as the white mouth dayflower, slender dayflower, or widow's tears, is a perennial herb native ... Faden, Robert (2006), "Commelina erecta", in Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+ (ed.), Flora of North ...
Commelina hockii
... is probably closely related to Commelina kituloensis, which shares a similar fruit type, the same tufted ... 1930). "Commelina". Contribution à l'étude de la Flore du Katanga, Supplément (PDF) (in French). Vol. 3. Bruxelles: D. Van ... Commelina hockii is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family found primarily in Central Africa, from southwestern Tanzania ... Also, it is one of the only Commelina species known to leave a papery residue of dried fluid inside its spathes; normally only ...
Commelina orchidophylla
Commelina sphaerorhizoma is found in south-central Africa and is currently known only from the southeastern part of the ... Commelina orchidophylla was first described in 2009 in the Belgian journal Systematics and Geography of Plants along with ... Commelina orchidophylla is a monocotyledonous, herbaceous plant in the dayflower family from south-central Africa. This blue- ... Faden, Robert B.; Layton, Daniel J.; Figueiredo, Estrela (2009), "Three new species of Commelina (Commelinaceae) from south- ...
Commelina sphaerorrhizoma
Only two other species of Commelina, namely Commelina welwitschii and Commelina crassicaulis, have rhizomes similar to ... "Commelina sp. 5". It is unclear which of the other 170 or so species of Commelina is closely related to Commelina ... Because Commelina sphaerorrhizoma is the only Commelina with unfused spathes, blue flowers, trivalved capsules and one-seeded ... Commelina sphaerorhizoma is found in south-central Africa and is currently known from an area larger than 10,000 square ...
Commelina communis
Wenceslas Bojer described what he believed were two new species, Commelina barabata and Commelina salicifolia, in his work ... "Commelina communis", in Li; et al. (eds.), Flora of Taiwan, vol. 5, p. 164 Faden, Robert (2006), "Commelina communis", in Flora ... Commelina communis var. ludens was created by C.B. Clarke after demoting it from the full species status in which it was placed ... Commelina communis was first described in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in the first edition of his Species Plantarum, along with eight ...
Commelina ciliata
... is found in the Northern Territories and in Western Australia. It is an annual or perennial herb with a ... "Commelina ciliata Stanley". Atlas of Living Australia. Retrieved 3 March 2020. Stanley, T. D. (1990). "Two new species and a ... "Commelina ciliata Stanley". FloraBase: the Western Australian Flora. Western Australian Herbarium, Biodiversity and ... new name in Commelina L (Commelinaceae) in Australia". Austrobaileya. 3 (2): 235-238. JSTOR 41738758. Paczkowska, Grazyna. " ...
Commelina mosaic virus
See Figures 1 and 3 in reference 3.) Symptoms and Inclusions of Commelina mosaic virus in Commelina diffusa. (Potyviruses make ... Commelina mosaic virus was first reported in 1977 and was the first Potyvirus found infecting a member of the plant family, ... Commelina mosaic virus (CoMV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potyvirus and the virus family Potyviridae. Like other ... Characterization and Electron Microscopy of a Potyvirus Infecting Commelina diffusa. Phytopathology 67:839-843, 1977 C.A.Baker ...
List of Commelina species
Commelina hispida Ruiz & Pav. Commelina hockii De Wild. Commelina holubii C.B.Clarke Commelina homblei De Wild. Commelina ... Commelina cyanea R.Br. Commelina dammeriana K.Schum. Commelina deflexa Rusby Commelina dekindtiana Fritsch Commelina demissa C. ... Commelina eckloniana Kunth Commelina elliptica Kunth in Humb. & al. Commelina ensifolia R.Br. Commelina erecta L. Commelina ... Commelina geniculata Desv. ex Ham. Commelina giorgii De Wild. Commelina gourmaensis A.Chev. Commelina grandis Brenan Commelina ...
Commelina erecta Slender Day-Flower, Whitemouth dayflower PFAF Plant Database
Commelina erecta is a PERENNIAL growing to 1.2 m (4ft). See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 9. It is in flower ... Commelina. Perennial. 0.1. 7-10 LM. SN. DM. 2. 0. Commelina virginica. Virginia Day-Flower. Annual/Perennial. 1.2. - LM. SN. DM ... Commelina elliptica. Perennial. 0.1. 7-10 LM. SN. DM. 2. 0. Commelina erecta angustifolia. Whitemouth Dayflower. Perennial. 0.8 ... Commelina coelestis. Blue Spider Wort, Commelina. Perennial. 0.5. 8-11 L. N. DM. 2. 0. ...
Commelina in Flora of North America @ efloras.org
A revision of Commelina (Plum.) L. in the U.S.A. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 93: 1--19. Faden, R. B. 1993b. The misconstrued and ... 6 Commelina erecta. +. Leaf sheaths not auriculate; roots thin; proximal petal blue to lilac or lavender, conspicuous; some ... 7 Commelina virginica. +. Annuals or perennials with ascending to decumbent, repent or scrambling stems; sheaths with or ... 8 Commelina benghalensis. +. Leaf blades oblong to lanceolate-oblong or oblong-elliptic; sheaths without red hairs; lateral ...
Commelina cyanea - Australian Native Plants Society (Australia)
Commelina cyanea has been called "scurvy weed" as it was used by early European settlers to avoid or alleviate scurvy. It is a ... Commelina cyanea. Family: Commelinaceae. Distribution: Forests and woodlands of Queensland, New South Wales and Northern ... Derivation of Name: Commelina…after J. and G. Commelin, 17th century botanists. cyanea…from greek cyanos, "blue", referring to ... Commelina is a genus of about 230 species with about 7 occurring in Australia. ...
Commelina radicans (D.Don) Spreng. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science
Commelina communis L., 鴨跖草 (亞洲有用植物) - [email protected] identify
Difference between revisions of "Commelina benghalensis (PROTA)" - PlantUse English
Blue-flowered Commelina species such as Commelina benghalensis and Commelina diffusa Burm.f. are easily confused. Both species ... and Commelina latifolia Hochst. ex A.Rich. are also used as a vegetable. Commelina zambesica C.B.Clarke is used as a vegetable ... Commelina pyrrhoblepharis Hassk. (1867). Vernacular names. Blue commelina, venus bath, Benghal dayflower, tropical spiderwort ... Cytotoxicity assay of Commelina diffusa and Commelina benghalensis using the brine shrimp lethality test. BSc thesis, ...
Commelina communis L. - United States, Tennessee (Accession No: UCHT040405) - Tennessee-Kentucky Plant Atlas
The Tennessee-Kentucky Plant Atlas is a source of data for the distribution of plants within the state as well as taxonomic, conservation, invasive, and wetland information for each species. The website also provides access to a database and images of plants photos and herbarium specimens found at participating herbaria.
Commelina rosea Schltdl. | Seed lists
Flora of Botswana: Genus page: Commelina
Flora of Caprivi: Commelina. Flora of Malawi: Commelina. Flora of Mozambique: Commelina. Flora of Zambia: Commelina. Flora of ... Wikipedia: Commelina. IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Commelina. Kew Herbarium catalogue: Commelina. Home. ,. List of ... Commelina. 896.000 Commelina L.. Description of the genus. Annual or perennial herbs. Underground stolons sometimes bearing ... ePIC (electronic Plant Information Center): Commelina. Flora Zambesiaca web site: Commelina. Google: Web - Images - Scholar. ...
Commelina sp. C auct. - (id # 128706)
C auct.. Botanical information such as scientific names, english common names and plant family group on Commelina sp. C auct ... The plant Commelina sp. C auct., is the 128706th most popular plant at mygarden.net.au placing it in the top 61% of botanical ... Commelina erecta L. subsp. maritima (J.K.Morton) J.K.Morton 14.29% ...
Whitemouth Dayflower (Commelina erecta)
· iNaturalist Canada
Commelina erecta, commonly known as the white mouth dayflower, slender dayflower, or widows tears, is a perennial herb native ... It is considered to be the most variable species of Commelina in North America. (Source: Wikipedia, , http://en.wikipedia.org ... Commelina_erecta, CC BY-SA 3.0 . Photo: (c) Vernon Dye, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Vernon Dye) ...
Day Flower
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Encyclopedia of Life
Asiatic Dayflower, Commelina communis - Nature's Ark Photography
Photo Day Flower, Spiderwort, Widows Tears (Commelina)
xx Commelina erecta L. [ Commelina pohliana Seub.]
266967 xx Commelina erecta L.. name cited: 267240 Commelina pohliana Seub.. drawing: M.A. Seubert family: Commelinaceae epithet ... xx 266967 Commelina erecta L. L. [Commelina pohliana Seub.]. C.F.P. von Martius, A.G. Eichler, I. Urban, Fl. Bras., vol. 3(1): ... Commelina bahiensis Willd. ex Roemer & Schultes; Commelina sulcata Willd. ex Roemer & Schultes; ...
Commelina diffusa, Taxa Only, Exact Match - Plazi TreatmentBank
Commelina diffusa, Taxa Only, Exact Match: 6 Treatments. [ link ] Commelina diffusa Monteiro, Francisca, Costa, Esperança Da, ... Commelina diffusa Pellegrini, Marco Octavio de Oliveira & Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini, 2017, Synopsis of Commelina L. ( ... Commelina diffusa Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular ... Commelina diffusa Oliveira, Adriana & Bove, Claudia, 2016, Checklist of aquatic and marshy Monocotyledons from the Araguaia ...
A Stable Blue from Asiatic Dayflower (Commelina communis)
Commelina communis, or Asiatic dayflower, brings the promise of a stable blue pigment to Wild Ozark Paleo Paints. ... A Stable Blue from Asiatic Dayflower (Commelina communis). 2 Comments / Colors, Experiments, Making Pigments / By Madison Woods ... Shiono M, Matsugaki N, Takeda K. Structure of commelinin, a blue complex pigment from the blue flowers of Commelina communis. ...
Commelina erecta: characteristics, distribution and properties | Gardening On
In this post we are going to show you all the characteristics of Commelina erecta and its medicinal properties. ... Uses of commelina erecta. This plant is found in numerous places that are considered to be its habitats. It is common to see in ... Full path to article: Gardening On » Plants » Medicinal plants » commelina erecta. 2 comments, leave yours Leave a Comment ... Description of the commelina erecta. This type of plant can be easily recognized as it has the combination of two blue petals ...
Commelina diffusa - Species Page - APA: Alabama Plant Atlas
Commelina pacifica Commelina pacifica Vahl, Enum. Pl. 2: 168. 1805.. Commelina werneana Commelina werneana Hasskarl, in ... Commelina cespitosa Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 1: 178. 1820.. BANGLADESH: Chittagong,. Commelina gigas Commelina gigas Small, Man. S.E ... Commelina diffusa Burman f. - Creeping Dayflower; Spreading Dayflower. Citation. Citation. COMMELINA DIFFUSA Burman f., Fl. ... Commelina ochreata Commelina ochreata Schauer, Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1): 447. 1843.. CHINA ...
Shop Commelina Gold Pendant | Yellow Gold Jewellery Blossom For Female
Photos of South African Plants - Category: Herbs - Image: Commelina benghalensis flowers from the back
Plants | Free Full-Text | A Review on Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of Headache in Africa
Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin
Frontiers | Protease Inhibitor-Dependent Inhibition of Light-Induced Stomatal Opening
We established a chemical screening method to identify compounds that affect stomatal movements in Commelina benghalensis. We ... We established a chemical screening method to identify compounds that affect stomatal movements in Commelina benghalensis. We ... Plants of Commelina benghalensis ssp. were cultured in soil at 25 ± 3°C in a greenhouse for 4 weeks. Arabidopsis thaliana ( ... Keywords: stomata, chemical biology, protease inhibitor, Commelina, Arabidopsis. Citation: Wang T, Ye W, Wang Y, Zhang M, ...
88AA77 (#8A7) Image Color Scheme
Valley of flowers- List of plants - efloraofindia
Andrew Price : USDA ARS
Tropical spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis L.)increases growth under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide - (Peer Reviewed ... Tropical spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis L.)increases growth under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide. Journal of ... Effects of elevated atmospheric co2 on tropical spiderwort [abstract]. Symposium on Tropical Spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis ...
Medicinal Plants Cultivation and their Uses
Commelinaceae2
- The misconstrued and rare species of Commelina (Commelinaceae) in the eastern United States. (efloras.org)
- Commelina benghalensis (Day Flower) is a species of annual herb in the family Commelinaceae . (eol.org)
Communis3
- A blue dye extracted from the petals of the Commelina communis lily plant native to Asia. (mfa.org)
- This research established a high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method for simultaneous determination of isoorientin, orientin, vitexin, and isovitexin in Commelina communis to conduct content difference analysis and quality evaluation of 62 batches of C. communis from different origins. (bvsalud.org)
- Commelina communis L. is a troublesome weed in agronomic fields and increasingly threatens the yield security of corn in north-eastern China. (bvsalud.org)
Benghalensis12
- Commelina benghalensis L. (plantnet-project.org)
- Commelina benghalensis is originally an Old World species, and is naturalized in the Americas and Hawaii. (plantnet-project.org)
- Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana, the leaves of Commelina benghalensis are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. (plantnet-project.org)
- In East Africa the sap of Commelina benghalensis leaves and stems is used to treat ophthalmia, sore throat and burns, and the liquid contained in the flowering spathe is used to treat eye complaints in Zanzibar. (plantnet-project.org)
- In southern Africa Commelina benghalensis is used to counter infertility in women, and a decoction of the root is used for the relief of stomach disorders. (plantnet-project.org)
- Dry leaves of a sample of Commelina benghalensis from Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire, contained per 100 g: protein 13.6 g, fat 2.1 g, carbohydrate 58 g, fibre 41 g (Busson, 1965). (plantnet-project.org)
- Commelina benghalensis has given negative results in tests for antibacterial effects. (plantnet-project.org)
- The flowers of Commelina benghalensis grow in few-flowered, terminal cymes. (operationwildflower.org.za)
- We established a chemical screening method to identify compounds that affect stomatal movements in Commelina benghalensis . (frontiersin.org)
- Caruru (Amaranthus spinosus L) and trapoeraba (Commelina benghalensis) are NCEPs introduced into Brazil and are widely used by certain communities. (bvsalud.org)
- Digitaria abyssinica, Bidens pilosa and Commelina benghalensis were the most common weed species while Phaseolus vulgaris, Manihot esculenta, Arachis hypogaea), Musa sp, Glycine max and Ipomoea batatas were most common cultivated crops. (who.int)
- Pennisetum purpureum, Digitaria abyssinica, Cyperus rotundus, Amaranthus spinosus, Commelina benghalensis and Eleusine indica weeds species are natural hosts of Maize chlorotic mottle virus. (who.int)
Erecta6
- Commelina erecta - L. (pfaf.org)
- Commelina erecta is a PERENNIAL growing to 1.2 m (4ft). (pfaf.org)
- xx Commelina erecta L. [ Commelina pohliana Seub. (plantgenera.org)
- It's about the commelina erecta . (jardineriaon.com)
- The flowering of the commelina erecta it takes place in summer and the flowers close after noon. (jardineriaon.com)
- Although we can have a garden with plants with medicinal properties, the commelina erecta it will fit very well. (jardineriaon.com)
Diffusa2
- Commelina diffusa Burm. (biodiversity.online)
- Commelina diffusa Burman f. (floraofalabama.org)
Species3
- Commelina is a genus of about 230 species with about 7 occurring in Australia. (anpsa.org.au)
- There may be edaphic or genetic differences causing such differences in properties, but these may also originate from misidentifications, because most Commelina species resemble each other very closely. (plantnet-project.org)
- Commelina africana differs from most other Commelina species by having pretty, small, canary-yellow flowers instead of the usual blue flowers, and also. (sanbi.org)
Africa1
- Commelina benghalesis is a common, widespread weed found throughout southern Africa, tropical Africa and Asia and it is difficult to eradicate in cultivated. (sanbi.org)
Cyanea1
- Commelina cyanea has been called "scurvy weed" as it was used by early European settlers to avoid or alleviate scurvy. (anpsa.org.au)
Morton1
- Commelina aquatica J. K. Morton, J. Linn. (floraofalabama.org)
Small1
- Commelina gigas Small, Man. (floraofalabama.org)
Virginica2
- Commelina virginica L. [ Commelina deficiens Hook. (plantgenera.org)
- 267406 Commelina virginica L. (plantgenera.org)
Genus3
- As of 11-16-21 when this page was last updated, Plants of the World Online list 199 species in the Commelina genus. (thebelmontrooster.com)
- Now the genus is Commelina and we've got two native species and an invasive species in South-east Queensland. (janegrowsgardenrooms.garden)
- There are around 230 species in the Commelina genus and seven of them are native to Australia. (janegrowsgardenrooms.garden)
Vahl1
- glabrata C.Presl, Commelina nudiflora f. agraria (Kunth) C.B.Clarke, Commelina obtusifolia Vahl, Commelina ochreata Schauer, Commelina pacifica Vahl, Commelina pilosa Pers. (thebelmontrooster.com)
Roxb1
- Commelina bangii Rusby, Commelina caespitosa Roxb. (thebelmontrooster.com)
Hassk2
- Commelina bracteosa Hassk. (co.zw)
- Commelina werneana Hassk. (thebelmontrooster.com)
Kunth3
- Commelina agraria Kunth, Commelina agraria var. (thebelmontrooster.com)
- Commelina cajennensis Kunth, Commelina canariensis C.Sm. (thebelmontrooster.com)
- ex Kunth, Commelina prostrata Kunth, Commelina sabatieri C.B.Clarke, Commelina sellowii Schltdl. (thebelmontrooster.com)
Coelestis1
- Commelina coelestis is a PERENNIAL growing to 0.5 m (1ft 8in) by 0.3 m (1ft). (myplantin.com)
Longifolia1
- Commelina longifolia Michx. (plantgenera.org)
Invasive1
- This is not necessarily a problem with the slower growing and less hardy natives, but the invasive Commelina has a tendency to survive dry periods and doesn't die off as much in the cooler seasons. (janegrowsgardenrooms.garden)
Groundcovers1
- Two groundcovers in the commelina (wandering Jew) family are seen everywhere in the Grand Caymans and on Cozumel. (thesmartergardener.com)
Truncata1
- Commelina truncata Willd. (plantgenera.org)
Herb1
- Commelina deficiens Herb. (plantgenera.org)
Plum1
- Commelina Plum. (thebelmontrooster.com)
Flower1
- Commelina: after the two Dutch botanists Johan (1629-1692) and his nephew Caspar (1667-1731) Commelin, known to Linnaeus and Charles Plumier, a French Franciscan monk, botanist and traveler who apparently named this flower. (wisc.edu)
Native2
- I rarely see the native or the exotic Commelina without encountering insects. (janegrowsgardenrooms.garden)
- Thankfully some natives also popped up - kidney weed (dichondra), Glycene microphilla, Native geranium, Commelina and Slender sedge. (abellingendiary.com)
Plant1
- In addition, it was possible to obtain 'upper limit estimates' of the sensitivity of Commelina stomata to ABA utilising the ability of this plant to yield epidermal peels. (bl.uk)
Flowers2
- The Commelina are remarkable for their bright blue flowers, and this new one is the best I have seen. (johnjearrard.co.uk)
- To boost the size of the salad, I added baby rocket, parsley, lime mint, berries & cream mint, common mint, chives and a few clover flowers that I picked whilst en-route to check the letterbox. (abellingendiary.com)
Data1
- We have data for Commelina rufipes var. (regionalconservation.org)