A plant genus of the family COMMELINACEAE of perennial herbs with blue flowers.
A genus of DNA plant viruses with bacilliform morphology. Transmission in clonally-propagated plants is by vegetative propagation of infected plant materials. Transmission in nature is by mealybugs, seeds, and pollen. The type species is Commelina yellow mottle virus.
A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that contains PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS. Yellow vein disease of Ageratum is caused by a viral DNA complex of a begomovirus (GEMINIVIRIDAE).
Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)

Cell wall arabinan is essential for guard cell function. (1/12)

Stomatal guard cells play a key role in the ability of plants to survive on dry land, because their movements regulate the exchange of gases and water vapor between the external environment and the interior of the plant. The walls of these cells are exceptionally strong and must undergo large and reversible deformation during stomatal opening and closing. The molecular basis of the unique strength and flexibility of guard cell walls is unknown. We show that degradation of cell wall arabinan prevents either stomatal opening or closing. This locking of guard cell wall movements can be reversed if homogalacturonan is subsequently removed from the wall. We suggest that arabinans maintain flexibility in the cell wall by preventing homogalacturonan polymers from forming tight associations.  (+info)

The effects of manipulating phospholipase C on guard cell ABA-signalling. (2/12)

Studies using stably transformed tobacco plants containing very low levels of PI-PLC in their guard cells show that this enzyme plays a role in the events associated with the inhibition of stomatal opening by ABA, but not in the cellular reactions that are responsible for ABA-induced stomatal closure. However, Commelina communis guard cells microinjected with the InsP3 antagonist, heparin, fail to close on addition of ABA. There are three possible explanations for this apparent data mismatch. The differences may be indicative of species-specific signalling pathways, the presence of a PI-PLC isoform(s) that is not down-regulated in these transgenic lines and/or they may reflect differences between short-term (acute) administration of an inhibitor and long-term (chronic) effects of gene manipulation. It is possible that the guard cell is a robust signalling system that is able to adapt or compensate for the chronic loss of PI-PLC, but which is unable to adjust quickly to acute loss of this component. It would be interesting to investigate this possibility further using either transient manipulation of gene expression or through the use of an inducible promoter.  (+info)

Comparative structure and pollen production of the stamens and pollinator-deceptive staminodes of Commelina coelestis and C. dianthifolia (Commelinaceae). (3/12)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Flowers of Commelina coelestis and C. dianthifolia provide pollen alone as a floral reward, and rely on visual cues to attract pollinators. Three stamen types, all producing pollen, occur in each of these species: two cryptically coloured lateral stamens, a single cryptically coloured central stamen and three bright yellow staminodes that sharply contrast with the blue to purple corolla. The objective was to compare the stamen structure and pollen characteristics of each of the three stamen types, and to test the hypothesis that the staminodes are poor contributors of viable pollen for the siring of seed. The pollination roles of the three stamen types and the breeding systems of both species were also explored. METHODS: Light, fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy were utilized to examine stamen morphology and pollen structure and viability. Controlled hand pollinations were used to explore the breeding system of each species. Filament and style lengths were measured to investigate herkogamy and autogamy. KEY RESULTS: Pollen from all stamen morphs is viable, but staminode pollen has significantly lower viability. Pollen polymorphism exists both (a) between the lateral and central stamens and the staminodes, and (b) within each anther. Lateral and central stamens have thicker endothecia with a greater number of secondary cell wall thickenings than the staminodes. CONCLUSIONS: Both species are entomophilous and facultatively autogamous. Lateral stamen pollen is important for cross-pollination, central stamen pollen is utilized by both species as a pollinator reward and for delayed autogamy in C. dianthifolia, and the staminodes mimic, by means of both colour and epidermal features, large amounts of pollen to attract insects to the flowers. Pollen from all three anther morphs is capable of siring seed, although staminode pollen is inferior. The thin staminode endothecium with fewer secondary thickenings retards staminode dehiscence.  (+info)

Lateral diffusion of CO2 in leaves is not sufficient to support photosynthesis. (4/12)

Lateral diffusion of CO(2) was investigated in photosynthesizing leaves with different anatomy by gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence imaging using grease to block stomata. When one-half of the leaf surface of the heterobaric species Helianthus annuus was covered by 4-mm-diameter patches of grease, the response of net CO(2) assimilation rate (A) to intercellular CO(2) concentration (C(i)) indicated that higher ambient CO(2) concentrations (C(a)) caused only limited lateral diffusion into the greased areas. When single 4-mm patches were applied to leaves of heterobaric Phaseolus vulgaris and homobaric Commelina communis, chlorophyll a fluorescence images showed dramatic declines in the quantum efficiency of photosystem II electron transport (measured as F(q)'/F(m)') across the patch, demonstrating that lateral CO(2) diffusion could not support A. The F(q)'/F(m)' values were used to compute images of C(i) across patches, and their dependence on C(a) was assessed. At high C(a), the patch effect was less in C. communis than P. vulgaris. A finite-volume porous-medium model for assimilation rate and lateral CO(2) diffusion was developed to analyze the patch images. The model estimated that the effective lateral CO(2) diffusion coefficients inside C. communis and P. vulgaris leaves were 22% and 12% of that for free air, respectively. We conclude that, in the light, lateral CO(2) diffusion cannot support appreciable photosynthesis over distances of more than approximately 0.3 mm in normal leaves, irrespective of the presence or absence of bundle sheath extensions, because of the CO(2) assimilation by cells along the diffusion pathway.  (+info)

Species-dependent changes in stomatal sensitivity to abscisic acid mediated by external pH. (5/12)

The direct effects of pH changes and/or abscisic acid (ABA) on stomatal aperture were examined in epidermal strips of Commelina communis L. and Arabidopsis thaliana. Stomata were initially opened at pH 7 or pH 5. The stomatal closure induced by changes in external pH and/or ABA (10 microM or 10 nM) was monitored using video microscopy and quantified in terms of changes in stomatal area using image analysis software. Measurements of aperture area enabled stomatal responses and, in particular, small changes in stomatal area to be quantified reliably. Both plant species exhibited a biphasic closure response to ABA: an initial phase of rapid stomatal closure, followed by a second, more prolonged, phase during which stomata closure proceeded at a slower rate. Changes in stomatal sensitivity to ABA were also observed. Comparison of these effects between C. communis and A. thaliana demonstrate that this differential sensitivity of stomata to ABA is species-dependent, as well as being dependent on the pH of the extracellular environment.  (+info)

Osmotic effects on vacuolar ion release in guard cells. (6/12)

Tracer flux experiments in isolated guard cells of Commelina communis L. suggest that the vacuolar ion content is regulated and is reset to a reduced fixed point by abscisic acid (ABA) with no significant change in cytoplasmic content. The effects of changes in external osmotic pressure were investigated by adding and removing mannitol from the bathing solution. Two effects were distinguished. In the new steady state of volume and turgor, the vacuolar ion efflux was sensitive to turgor: efflux increased at high turgor and reduced at lower turgor after the addition of mannitol. These changes were inhibited by phenylarsine oxide and are likely to involve the same channel that is involved in the response to ABA. After a hypoosmotic transfer, there was an additional effect: a fast transient stimulation of vacuolar efflux during the period of water flow into the cell; the size of this hypopeak increased with the size of the hypoosmotic shock, with increased water flow. No corresponding transient in reduced vacuolar efflux was observed upon hyperosmotic transfer. The fast hypopeak was not inhibited by phenylarsine oxide and appears to involve a different ion channel from that involved in the resting efflux, the response to ABA, or the turgor sensitivity. Thus, the tonoplast can sense an osmotic gradient and respond to water flow into the vacuole by increased vacuolar ion efflux, thereby minimizing cytoplasmic dilution. An aquaporin is the most likely sensor and may also be involved in the signal transduction chain.  (+info)

Modification of leaf apoplastic pH in relation to stomatal sensitivity to root-sourced abscisic acid signals. (7/12)

The confocal microscope was used to determine the pH of the leaf apoplast and the pH of microvolumes of xylem sap. We quantified variation in leaf apoplast and sap pH in relation to changes in edaphic and atmospheric conditions that impacted on stomatal sensitivity to a root-sourced abscisic acid signal. Several plant species showed significant changes in the pH of both xylem sap and the apoplast of the shoot in response to environmental perturbation. Xylem sap leaving the root was generally more acidic than sap in the midrib and the apoplast of the leaf. Increasing the transpiration rate of both intact plants and detached plant parts resulted in more acidic leaf apoplast pHs. Experiments with inhibitors suggested that protons are removed from xylem sap as it moves up the plant, thereby alkalinizing the sap. The more rapid the transpiration rate and the shorter the time that the sap resided in the xylem/apoplastic pathway, the smaller the impact of proton removal on sap pH. Sap pH of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and Commelina communis did not change significantly as soil dried, while pH of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) sap increased as water availability in the soil declined. Increasing the availability of nitrate to roots also significantly alkalinized the xylem sap of tomato plants. This nitrogen treatment had the effect of enhancing the sensitivity of the stomatal response to soil drying. These responses were interpreted as an effect of nitrate addition on sap pH and closure of stomata via an abscisic acid-based mechanism.  (+info)

Structure of commelinin, a blue complex pigment from the blue flowers of Commelina communis. (8/12)

The X-ray crystal structure of natural commelinin is investigated. The results demonstrate that commelinin is a tetranuclear (4 Mg(2+)) metal complex, in which two Mg(2+) ions chelate to six anthocyanin molecules, while the other two Mg(2+) ions bind to six flavone molecules, stabilizing the commelinin complex, a new type of supramolecular complex.  (+info)

This investigation looks at the function of stomata in transpiration, with a focus on how osmosis and the state of turgor in guard cells affects the opening and closing of stomata. It will also develop students microscope skills.
We previously reported that coronatine, a virulence factor of plant bacteria, facilitates bacterial infection through an ER (endoplasmic reticulum)-mediated, non-canonical mechanism in the model dicot plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we report that this same ER-mechanism is ubiquitous among dicots and mono Celebrating Excellence in Research: 100 Women of Chemistry
The leaves are used as an edible vegetable. The leaves were used by early non-indigenous colonists to alleviate scurvy, and hence its common name.[9] Attractive in flower, Commelina cyanea adapts readily to cultivation and can be grown as a groundcover or in hanging baskets. It is easily propagated from cuttings.[10] It does resemble the introduced weed wandering Jew (Tradescantia fluminensis), but the latter has white flowers and a segmented stem, a weak root system. It also lacks the hairy leaf sheathes of C. cyanea.[11] However, C. cyanea can itself be weedy in gardens at times.[12] ...
The effects of added abscisic acid (ABA) on the stomatal behavior of Commelina communis L. were tested using three different systems. ABA was applied to isolated epidermis or to leaf pieces incubated in the light in bathing solutions perfused with CO2-free air. ABA was also fed to detached leaves in a transpiration bioassay. The apparent sensitivity of stomata to ABA was highly dependent on the method used to feed ABA. Stomata of isolated epidermis were apparently most sensitive to ABA, such that a concentration of 1 [mu]M caused almost complete stomatal closure. When pieces of whole leaves were floated on solutions of ABA of the same concentration, the stomata were almost completely open. The same concentration of ABA fed through the midrib of transpiring detached leaves caused an intermediate response. These differences in stomatal sensitivity to added ABA were found to be a function of differences in the ABA concentration in the epidermes. Comparison of the three application systems suggested ...
Guard cells of stomata are characterized by ordered bundles of microtubules radiating from the ventral side toward the dorsal side of the cylindrical cell. It was suggested that microtubules play a role in directing the radial arrangement of the cellulose micro-fibrils of guard cells. However, the role of microtubules in daily cycles of opening and closing of stomata is not clear. The organization of microtubules in guard cells of Commelina communis leaves was studied by analysis of three-dimensional immunofluorescent images. It was found that while guard cell microtubules in the epidermis of leaves incubated in the light were organized in parallel, straight and dense bundles, in the dark they were less straight and oriented randomly near the stomatal pore. The effect of blue and red light on the organization of guard cell microtubules resembled the effects of white light and dark respectively. When stomata were induced to open in the dark with fusicoccin, microtubules remained in the dark ...
Ca2+ is implicated as a second messenger in the response of stomata to a range of stimuli. However, the mechanism by which stimulus-induced increases in guard cell cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) are transduced into different physiological responses remains to be explained. Oscillations in [Ca2+]i may provide one way in which this can occur. We used photometric and imaging techniques to examine this hypothesis in guard cells of Commelina communis. External Ca2+ ([Ca2+]e), which causes an increase in [Ca2+]i, was used as a closing stimulus. The total increase in [Ca2+]i was directly related to the concentration of [Ca2+]e, both of which correlated closely with the degree of stomatal closure. Increases were oscillatory in nature, with the pattern of the oscillations dependent on the concentration of [Ca2+]e. At 0.1 mM, [Ca2+]e induced symmetrical oscillations. In contrast, 1.0 mM [Ca2+]e induced asymmetric oscillations. Oscillations were stimulus dependent and modulated by changing [Ca2+]e. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Synergistic effect of light and fusicoccin on stomatal opening. T2 - Epidermal peel and patch clamp experiments. AU - Assmann, Sarah M.. AU - Schwartz, Amnon. PY - 1992/1/1. Y1 - 1992/1/1. N2 - Upon incubation of epidermal peels of Commelina communis in 1 millimolar KCl, a synergistic effect of light and low fusicoccin (FC) concentrations on stomatal opening is observed. In 1 millimolar KCl, stomata remain closed even in the light. However, addition of 0.1 micromolar FC results in opening up to 12 micrometers. The same FC concentration stimulates less than 5 micrometers of opening in darkness. The synergistic effect (a) decreases with increasing FC or KCl concentrations; (b) is dark-reversible; (c) like stomatal opening in high KCl concentrations (120 millimolar) is partially inhibited by the K+ channel blocker, tetraethylammonium+ (20 millimolar). In whole-cell patch-clamp experiments with guard cell protoplasts of Vicia faba, FC (1 or 10 micromolar) stimulates an increase in ...
The receptor for the wilt-inducing phytotoxin fusicoccin was purified to homogeneity from plasma membranes of Commelina communis as a complex with the radioligand [3H]9-nor-8-hydroxyfusicoccin. The preparation consisted of two polypeptides with apparent molecular masses of 30.5 kDa and 31.5 kDa an …
Weed control in smallholder farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa is labour intensive or costly. Many researchers have therefore advocated for the use of cover crops in weed management as an affordable alternative for smallholders. Cover crops may be grown in rotations to suppress weeds and reduce the reliance on herbicides. The use of cover crops creates microenvironments that are either conducive or inhibitive to the emergence of certain weed species. A study, initiated in 2008 in contrasting soils at four different locations of Zimbabwe, investigated the effect of maize (Zea mays L.)-cover crop rotations on the emergence of weeds that showed dominance in those soils. Weed assessments were however, carried out from 2011 to 2014. The weed species Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Commelina benghalensis L., and Richardia scabra L. showed dominance in all four locations with weed densities as high as 500 plants m−2 being recorded for R. scabra L. in a sandy soil. Maize-cover crop rotations resulted in ...
The Atlas of Florida Plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria.
The Atlas of Florida Plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria.
The Atlas of Florida Plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria.
Description of plant communities. The study area is mostly open grassland, with scattered fynbos communities either on rocky outcrops, on the summit plateau area or concentrated on the steep slopes and cliffs of Platberg on the sandstone of the Clarens formation. Little disturbance from grazing is evident, with no record of agricultural practice on the plateau of Platberg. There are some clusters and scattered individuals of the declared alien invasive tree species Pinus patula (species group E), having escaped from plantations established at lower altitudes and now being firmly ensconced on the footslopes and scattered on the summit plateau area.. The sclerophyllous vegetation is characterised by Passerina montana (species group M, Table 1), Cliffortia ramosissima (species group F, Table 1) and Cliffortia nitidula (species group P, Table 1). Common species throughout the study area include the forbs Hebenstretia dura, Watsonia lepida, Commelina africana, Oxalis obliquifolia, Senecio ...
Description of plant communities. The study area is mostly open grassland, with scattered fynbos communities either on rocky outcrops, on the summit plateau area or concentrated on the steep slopes and cliffs of Platberg on the sandstone of the Clarens formation. Little disturbance from grazing is evident, with no record of agricultural practice on the plateau of Platberg. There are some clusters and scattered individuals of the declared alien invasive tree species Pinus patula (species group E), having escaped from plantations established at lower altitudes and now being firmly ensconced on the footslopes and scattered on the summit plateau area.. The sclerophyllous vegetation is characterised by Passerina montana (species group M, Table 1), Cliffortia ramosissima (species group F, Table 1) and Cliffortia nitidula (species group P, Table 1). Common species throughout the study area include the forbs Hebenstretia dura, Watsonia lepida, Commelina africana, Oxalis obliquifolia, Senecio ...
The serpentine leaf miner is the larva of a fly, Liriomyza brassicae, in the family Agromyzidae, the leaf miner flies. It mines wild and cultivated plants, such as cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower and Chinese broccoli. It is distributed in the Pacific, Africa, and the Americas. The life cycle of the fly is up to 21 days. It lays eggs in the leaf epidermis of host plants. Larvae hatch within four days. They are yellow or green and have three instars. It emerges from the pupa as an adult, a gray fly with black and yellow spots. The American serpentine leafminer (Liriomyza trifolii) is a closely related species, and Liriomyza huidobrensis is also known as the serpentine leafminer. Another member of the genus, Liriomyza commelinae occurs widely in the neotropics and pupates within the mine. It feeds mainly on plants within the genus Commelina. Species Liriomyza brassicae - Serpentine leaf miner. BugGuide. Retrieved 9 July 2017. Liriomyza brassicae (Riley). Crop Knowledge Master. University of ...
Alum root - He prepares a mush from its leaves and uses it as an astringent. He also mixes it with apoplappus and applies it with the aid of a heated stone to an aching tooth.. Amaranthus - For the relief of itching.. Apoplappus (Goldenweeds ) -See Alum root.. Artemisia - For skin wounds, boils, and burns.. Atriplex - To stop itching and cure warts.. Barberry - A tonic for stiff joints.. Brickellia - For colds, flu, coughs, and tuberculosis.. Butterweeds - To relieve rheumatism, which he ascribes to improper contact with menstruating women. Women develop joint trouble because of menstruation. The Navajo word for menstruation, rheumatism, and hunchback is the same, with only a slight difference in accent.. Blue-eyed grass, aster, silkweed - In pulverized form to cure eye sores.. Buttercup and Cordylanthus ramosus - The powder is taken with water every morning for syphilis.. Chenopoduim (Pigweed ) - Used for purging.. Cirisium - Infusion drops for eye diseases.. Commelina - Aphrodisiac for ...
The mechanisms of stomatal sensitivity to CO2 are yet to be fully understood. The role of photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic factors in stomatal responses to CO2 was investigated in wild-type barley (Hordeum vulgare var. Graphic) and in a mutant (G132) with decreased photochemical and Rubisco capacities. The CO2 and DCMU responses of stomatal conductance (gs), gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and levels of ATP, with a putative transcript for stomatal opening were analysed. G132 had greater gs than the wild-type, despite lower photosynthesis rates and higher intercellular CO2 concentrations (Ci). The mutant had Rubisco-limited photosynthesis at very high CO2 levels, and higher ATP contents than the wild-type. Stomatal sensitivity to CO2 under red light was lower in G132 than in the wild-type, both in photosynthesizing and DCMU-inhibited leaves. Under constant Ci and red light, stomatal sensitivity to DCMU inhibition was higher in G132. The levels of a SLAH3-like slow anion channel ...
27 accessions of Vicia benghalensisfrom different geographical origins constitute the pool on which the present study was performed. Genetic variation among the samples was biochemically and...
Klughammer, B., Benz, B., Betz, M., Thume, M., & Dietz, K. - J. (1992). Reconstitution of vacuolar ion channels into planar lipid bilayers. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1104(2), 308-316. doi:10.1016/0005-2736(92)90045- ...
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive series is the first work ever to illustrate and deal in detail with all the living species of birds.
One specimen lived 10.4 years in captivity [0669]. It has been reported that these animals can live up to 30.4 years in captivity [0979], but this has not been verified. ...
Sancte Michael Archangele, defende nos in proelio; contra nequitiam et insidias diaboli esto praesidium. Imperat illi Deus; supplices deprecamur: tuque, Princeps militiae coelestis, Satanam aliosque spiritus malignos, qui ad perditionem animarum pervagantur in mundo, divina virtute in infernum detrude. Amen ...
Sancte Michael Archangele, defende nos in proelio; contra nequitiam et insidias diaboli esto praesidium. Imperat illi Deus; supplices deprecamur: tuque, Princeps militiae coelestis, Satanam aliosque spiritus malignos, qui ad perditionem animarum pervagantur in mundo, divina virtute in infernum detrude. Amen ...
Suresh Forestry Network are leading Manufacturer & Supplier of Ficus Benghalensis Plant in Chikkaballapur Karnataka India, Ficus Benghalensis Plant Manufacturer in Chikkaballapur , Wholesale Ficus Benghalensis Plant Supplier, Ficus Benghalensis Plant Wholesaler Trader
Liver injury is a consistent pathological change found intoxicated with Ageratum conyzoides. Adult Wistar rats showed a persistent reduction of body weight gain for 28 days of feeding on 20 percent A. conyzoides diet. Macroscopically liver appeared to have mottling on the capsular surface, and this lesion was the only pathological change found in rats. Megalocytosis and proliferation of bile suct cell were noted in liver microscopically. Similar clinical signs were also seen in rats fed on 10 percent of A. conyzoides diet for six weeks of feeding. Pathological changes did not appear in the liver during the first week of feeding. The pathological changes started to develop in the second week of feeding including anisokaryocytosis, proliferation of bile duct cells and infiltration of mononuclear cells inside and/or outside the veins and arteries of liver in the second week of feeding. Megalocytosis appeared in the third week followed by marked anisokaryocytosis and bile duct cells proliferation. ...
Glyphosate is the most important and widely used herbicide in world agriculture. Intensive glyphosate selection has resulted in the widespread evolution of glyphosate-resistant weed populations, threatening the sustainability of this valuable once-in-a-century agrochemical. Field-evolved glyphosate resistance due to known resistance mechanisms is generally low to modest. Here, working with a highly glyphosate-resistant Eleusine indica population, we identified a double amino acid substitution (T102I + P106S [TIPS]) in the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene in glyphosate-resistant individuals. This TIPSmutation recreates the biotechnology-engineered commercial first generation glyphosate-tolerant EPSPS in corn (Zea mays) and now in other crops. In E. indica, the naturally evolved TIPS mutants are highly (more than 180-fold) resistant to glyphosate compared with the wild type and more resistant (more than 32-fold) than the previously known P106S mutants. The E. indica TIPS ...
In agricultural production systems where the glyphosate-resistant soybean crop (Glycine max) is grown and the practice of crop rotation with alternative herbicides is not adopted, the exclusive and continuous use of glyphosate has led to the occurrence of resistant weed populations that may limit or compromise the benefits of this technology. Thus, the efficacy of weed management programs, including the use of residual herbicides (sulfentrazone, flumioxazin, imazethapyr, diclosulan, chlorimuron and s-metolachlor) applied in preemergence and followed by in-crop postemergence applications of glyphosate (PRE-POST) were compared to glyphosate postemergence only programs - POST. The study was conducted across nine locations during the 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 growing seasons. PRE-POST programs were efficient in the control of Amaranthus viridis, Brachiaria plantaginea, Bidens pilosa, Commelina benghalensis, Eleusine indica, Euphorbia heterophylla and Raphanus raphanistrum, with the level of control ...
Background and aims: Medicinal plant products are considered to be an effective candidate against the number of viral diseases as generally observed or reported in developing countries. As per the literature, secondary metabolites (i.e. Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins etc.) are reported in medicinal plant products and showed its antiviral properties. In this study, our group focused on those medicinal plants especially roots of Ficus benghalensis and Ficus racemosa related to New castle Disease Virus (NDV) and Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) having in vitro antiviral activity. These studies were conducted on the human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Methods: For antimicrobial studies, different medicinal plant products especially roots of Ficus benghalensis and Ficus racemosa were collected from Vidya Pratishthans garden, School of Biotechnology, Baramati. These medicinal plant leaves are used in the form of aqueous extract and determined its anti-microbial activity against poultry viruses
POTENTIAL ACCELERATING EFFECT OF Ageratum conyzoides L. LEAVES EXTRACT ON FIBROBLASTS DENSITY OF INCISION WOUND OF MALE WHITE MICE (Mus musculus)
Setiap orang pasti pernah mengalami berbagai macam luka dalam hidupnya. Proses yang kemudian terjadi adalah penyembuhan luka. Povidone iodine merupakan obat paling sering digunakan untuk mengobati luka, tetapi sering menimbulkan reaksi hipersensitivitas. Daun babandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) mengandung berbagai kandungan kimia dan senyawa aktif yang berkhasiat untuk mempercepat penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rerata lama penyembuhan luka hingga luka menutup dengan sempurna pada mencit. Metodologi penelitian bersifat eksperimental laboratorik, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Penelitian ini menggunakan 25 ekor mencit Swiss Webster jantan yang dibagi menjadi lima kelompok perlakuan yaitu ekstrak etanol daun babandotan dalam ointment (EBO) dengan konsentrasi 6,25%, 12,5%, dan 25%, vaseline album(ointment) sebagai kontrol, dan povidone iodine ointment sebagai pembanding. Pemberian perlakuan dengan cara mengoleskan obat pada sayatan luka satu kali sehari secara ...
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Ficus benghalensis in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed on 09-Oct-10 ...
Hiptage benghalensis (L) Kurz belongs to the family Malphigiaceae. The plant has strong therapeutic potential thus occasionally cultivated for medicinal purposes in several traditional medicines to cure various diseases. This plant has been known to possess antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancerous, antimutagenic and hepatoprotective activity. According to Ayurveda, Hiptage benghalensis is cooling, vulnerary, astringent, expectorant, cardiotonic, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, wound healing and used in burning sensation of the body, wound, pruritus, foul ulcers, scabies, leprosy, skin diseases, cough, asthma, cardiac debility, rheumatism, hyperdipsia, obesity, intrinsic haemorrhage etc. The presented review summarizes the information concerning the botany, ethno pharmacology, phytochemistry and biological activity of this plant.
從清朝 日治時代直到現在3台灣的鳳梨品系一直都一樣嗎?當然不是囉(最早的鳳梨被稱為「在來種「3後來日治時代為了製作罐頭方便3從夏威夷引進了開英種4到了1980年以後3因為罐頭外銷敵不過競爭3台灣的鳳梨改為內銷且以鮮食為主3為了挽救鳳梨產業3農改場 農試所便培育出各種不同適合鮮食的鳳梨4包括不用削皮可以直接剝來吃的釋迦鳳梨(台農4號(3最適合在秋冬生產的冬蜜鳳梨(台農13號(3有特殊香氣的香水鳳梨(台農11號(3以及因為果肉乳白色被稱為牛奶鳳梨的台農20號等 ...
Kingsford, MJ, OCallaghan, MD, Liggins, L and Gerlach, G (2017). The short-lived neon damsel Pomacentrus coelestis: implications for population dynamics. Journal of Fish Biology 90(5): 2041-2059 ...
The Ficus Alii, commonly called the Banana leaf fig for its unique long slender leaves, is a species native to India, and China. Easier to care for than its Fiddle Leaf Fig, Ficus Alii is also less prone to dropping its leaves when moved to impefect conditions. This makes it a less intimidating, dramtic statement tree
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One of its kind full print swimsuit! Decide if you go swimming wearing galaxy, octopus, cats, pot of fish scales prints!Stylish and comfy -no matter how often you wash it, the print wont fade away and wont loose its shape. All swimsuits have a low-cut back.Live Heroes guarantees the highest quality of all products purchased. If your order isnt what you expected, feel free to contact our Customer service team. Well do our best to make you fully satisfied.Estimated shipping time is 21 day...
Ürün 19 cm lik saksısında 100-125 cm boyunda gönderilmektedir. Bitki canlı olduğu için boyutu ve formu değişiklik gösterebilir. Her bitki aynı şekilde büyümediği için görseldeki ile bire bir aynı olması beklenmemelidir. Önemli olan size doğru bitki türünün ve saksı çapının ulaşmasıdır. Ficus bakımı
Ageratum are sun loving plants that produce an abundance of uniquely textured fuzzy blooms. This landscape ageratum offers dense, mounded hedges of color compared to other bedding types. Sell in premium packs and in 4 pots.Color: Mid-blue SHIPPING Seed Untreated Pelleted 500 Seeds: On backorder CULTURE Soil temperatur
Results obtained by flow cytometry showed that the studied variety of Rumex acetosa presented, on average, 7.04 pg of DNA. Similar result was obtained by Błocka-Wandas et al. (2007), who reported that female plants of this species cultivated in Poland presented 7 pg of nuclear DNA. On the other hand, male plants with an additional chromosome presented, on average, 7.5 pg of nuclear DNA (Błocka-Wandas et al. 2007).. Cytogenetic evaluations of Rumex acetosa were carried out with samples of the population of a variety cultivated locally. Therefore, these evaluations had the objective of developing a breeding program; exploring the genetic variability by crosses; producing seeds of this species; and studying a greater number of plants, in order to verify the occurrence of male plants in this population.. The Basella alba plants evaluated in this study had 44 chromosomes in all metaphases. The literature presents some divergence for the description of the chromosome number of this species. ...
Flower generally bisexual, generally radial; perianth often showy, segments generally 6 in two petal-like whorls (outer sometimes sepal-like), free or fused at base; stamens 6 (or 3 + generally 3 ± petal-like staminodes), filaments sometimes attached to perianth or fused into a tube or crown; ovary superior or inferior, chambers 3, placentas generally axile, style generally 1, stigmas generally ...
Flower generally bisexual, generally radial; perianth often showy, segments generally 6 in two petal-like whorls (outer sometimes sepal-like), free or fused at base; stamens 6 (or 3 + generally 3 ± petal-like staminodes), filaments sometimes attached to perianth or fused into a tube or crown; ovary superior or inferior, chambers 3, placentas generally axile, style generally 1, stigmas generally ...
2020/12/01 . Posted in Garden Themes, Annual Garden. The name of the plant comes from the Latin word ageratos which means ageless, and, in fact, a cut flower of ageratum stays fresh for a long time. What is Ageratum? There are many types of Ageratum, but Ageratum houstonianum is the most commonly used in both home and display gardens of all kinds. Ageratum houstonianum is a popular herbaceous plant, bearing large trusses of fluffy flowers on strong stems. A nonstop bloomer from mid summer to fall (Ageratum means long-lived in Greek), it grows easily in shapely mounds ranging from 6-24 in. Blue Horizon Ageratum flowers are native to the tropics of Central America and Mexico and thrive in many similar humid gardens in the United States. Ageratum Farm: Ageratum also known flossflower, a native of Mexico, is often used in formal designs that need a blue color. Alcea Hollyhock. In Hinduism and Buddhism, theyre considered the most sacred flower. Other common names of the plant are Ageratum, ...
Samples of two Ageratum conyzoides, one Sonchus oleraceus and one turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa) exhibiting virus-like symptoms were collected from Pakistan and Nepal. Full-length begomovirus clones were obtained from the four plant samples and betasatellite clones from three of these. The begomovirus sequences were shown to be isolates of Ageratum enation virus (AEV) with greater than 89.1% nucleotide sequence identity to the 26 AEV sequences available in the databases. The three betasatellite sequences were shown to be isolates of Ageratum yellow leaf curl betasatellite (AYLCB) with greater than 90% identity to the 18 AYLCB sequences available in the databases. The AEV sequences were shown to fall into two distinct strains, for which the names Nepal (consisting of isolates from Nepal, India, and Pakistan-including the isolates identified here) and India (isolates occurring only in India) strains are proposed. For the clones obtained from two AEV isolates, with their AYLCB, infectivity was shown by
Kailan (Brassica oleracea var. Alboglabra) is a family of cabbages (Brasicaceae) which contain nutrients and high antioxidant activities. The cultivation system organically and conventionally can influence the nutrients and antioxidant contents. In this study, the total phenolic content, flavonoid, ascorbic acid, and antioxidant activity of ethanolic of kailan extract were carried out. Fresh weight and height of the plant as well as the percentage of damaged leaves of kailan were determine too as physical analysis. There were three different watering treatments on cultivation of kailan such as, organic kailan treated with Fermented Plant Extract (FPE), control (just water) and conventional treatment. FPE was prepared from mixture of rumput paitan (Paspalum conjugatum B), babadotan (Ageratum conyzoides L), and effective microorganism 5 (EM5). The results showed that the weight of plant, the height of plant and percentage of damaged leaves were not significantly different in all treatments. Total ...
Citation: Spigler, R.B., Lewers, K.S., Main, D., Ashman, T.L. 2008. Genetic mapping of sex determination in octoploid strawberry. Plant and Animal Genome Conference Proceedings. Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: Wild strawberry species exhibit a range of breeding systems including hermaphroditism, dioecy, and gynodioecy. Breeders of cultivated strawberry, Fragaria ×ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier, prefer self-pollinating hermaphrodites, but major sources of pest resistance are the wild octoploid progenitor species, F. virginiana Mill. and F. chiloensis (L.) Mill, which are sexually dimorphic. Therefore, a program that can isolate genomic regions controlling sex expression from other desirable traits may facilitate strawberry breeding and further our understanding of sex expression. To identify regions controlling sex expression in Fragaria L., we developed a mapping population from a cross between a female and a low-fruiting hermaphrodite, both F. virginiana. At each of two locations ...
Detail záznamu - Accumulation of Y-specific satellite DNAs during the evolution of Rumex acetosa sex chromosomes - Detail záznamu - Knihovna Akademie věd České republiky
396. Ageratum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 839. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 363. 1754. [Greek a, not, and geras, old age, apparently alluding to long-lasting nature of flowers] Guy L. Nesom Annuals and perennials, mostly 20-120 cm. Stems often decumbent (rooting at proximal nodes), sparsely to densely branched. Leaves cauline; all or mostly opposite; petiolate; blades mostly 1-nerved, deltate to ovate, or elliptic to lanceolate, margins entire or toothed, faces glabrous or ± pilose, puberulent, or strigoso-hispid, sometimes gland-dotted. Heads discoid, in dense to open, cymiform to corymbiform arrays. Involucres campanulate, 3-6 mm. Phyllaries persistent, 30-40 in 2-3 series, usually 2-nerved, lanceolate, ± equal (often indurate, margins scarious). Receptacles conic, epaleate [paleate]. Florets 20-125; corollas white or bluish to lavender, throats ± campanulate (lengths 2 times diams.); styles: bases not enlarged, glabrous, branches ± linear to clavate (usually papillose and dilated distally). Cypselae ...
Browse and Shop Ageratum Online - Annuals from Garden Crossings - We are a family owned small business specializing in high quality, locally grown garden plants here in West Michigan.
Uses, Benefits, Cures, Side Effects, Nutrients in Kigelia Africana. List of various diseases cured by Kigelia Africana. How Kigelia Africana is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Names of Kigelia Africana in various languages of the world are also given.
4, Berlin: Springer, p. 126 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Commelina. Wikispecies has information related to Commelina ... The Asiatic dayflower (Commelina communis) is probably the best known species in the West. It is a common weed in parts of ... Commelina is a genus of approximately 170 species commonly called dayflowers due to the short lives of their flowers. They are ... Several species, such as Commelina benghalensis, are eaten as a leaf vegetable in Southeast Asia and Africa. Plants in the ...
Within China, Commelina diffusa is used as a medicinal herb with febrifugal and diuretic effects. A dye is also obtained from ... Commelina diffusa is typically an annual herb, though it may be perennial in the tropics. It spreads diffusely, creeping along ... Commelina diffusa, sometimes known as the climbing dayflower or spreading dayflower, is a pantropical herbaceous plant in the ... Faden, Robert (2006), "Commelina diffusa", in Flora of North America Editorial Committee 1993+ (ed.), Flora of North America ...
... is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family found in India, Burma, Bhutan, and southern China. It is most ... The species is very similar to Commelina paludosa, and further study is needed to recognize the boundary between the two. The ... 1851) Hong, Deyuan; DeFillipps, Robert A. (2000), "Commelina maculata", in Wu, Z. Y.; Raven, P.H.; Hong, D.Y. (ed.), Flora of ... Commelina, Flora of Asia, Plants described in 1851). ...
This has led some researchers to suggest that Commelina kotschyi may have been only recently introduced to India. Commelina ... Commelina kotschyi is distributed across much of Africa, primarily in the east of the continent, and is also found in India. In ... Commelina kotschyi is a monocotyledonous, herbaceous plant in the dayflower family from Africa and India. This annual, blue- ... This makes it one of only two species of Commelina which occur in northeastern tropical Africa and India, but not on the ...
... , commonly known as scurvy weed, scurvy grass or wandering Jew, is an annual herb native to Australia, India ... "Commelina ensifolia". Atlas of Living Australia. Retrieved 21 August 2014. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families John ... F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Commelina ensifolia". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 ... ISBN 978-0-00-636571-6. "Commelina ensifolia". Discover Nature at JCU. James Cook University Australia. Archived from the ...
... , sometimes known as rat's ear, is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family native to much of Africa, ... 203-204, ISBN 978 1 84246 436 6 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Commelina forskaolii. (Articles with short description, ... Commelina, Flora of Africa, Flora of India (region), Plants described in 1805, Taxa named by Martin Vahl). ...
... , the common yellow commelina, is a widespread species of flowering plant in the family Commelinaceae. It is ... africana Commelina africana var. glabriuscula (Norl.) Brenan - Southern Africa, Rift Valley Commelina africana var. karooica (C ... villosior (C.B.Clarke) Brenan - Most of range Commelina africana subsp. zanzibarica Faden - Kenya, Tanzania, and introduced to ... Foden, W.; Potter, L. (2005). "Common Yellow Commelina". National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2020.1. ...
... is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family found in the East and Southern African countries of Tanzania, ... These features suggest it may be related to Commelina schweinfurthii and its allies, which share many of the same floral ... Commelina, Flora of South Tropical Africa, Flora of Tanzania, Plants described in 1901, Taxa named by Charles Baron Clarke). ...
PlantNET, plant profile Commelina cyanea "Commelina cyanea R. Br". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre ... ISBN 978-0-643-09761-2. Association of Societies for Growing Australian Plants (ASGAP), Commelina cyanea."Commelina cyanea". ... The genus name Commelina was chosen based on the Asiatic dayflower. Linnaeus picked the name in honour of the Dutch botanists ... Commelina cyanea was one of the many species initially described by the botanist Robert Brown in his 1810 work Prodromus Florae ...
... , known as the birdbill dayflower, is a perennial herb native to mountains in the south-western United ... Commelina dianthifolia Delile - PLANTS Profile. USDA Retrieved 25 January 2011. Swank, George R. 1932 The Ethnobotany of the ... Commelina, Flora of Arizona, Flora of Colorado, Flora of New Mexico, Flora of Texas, Flora of Mexico, Plants used in ...
... revealed that Commelina fluviatilis forms a clade with Commelina purpurea and Commelina welwitschii. Both of these relatives ... Commelina fluviatilis is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family found primarily in Central Africa. It is known from ... A New Species of Commelina from South Tropical Africa". Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung München. 6 (2): 253-255. ... Commelina, Flora of Africa, Aquatic plants, Plants described in 1967). ...
... suggested that Commelina virginica is most closely related to two African species, namely Commelina capitata and Commelina ... "Commelina virginica". NatureServe Explorer. NatureServe. Retrieved 2008-08-25. Faden, Robert (2006). "Commelina virginica". In ... Commelina virginica, commonly known as the Virginia dayflower, is a perennial herbaceous plant in the dayflower family. It is ... Commelina, Flora of the Eastern United States, Plants described in 1762, Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus, All stub articles, ...
The species is sometimes considered to include the species Commelina coelestis, Commelina dianthifolia, and Commelina elliptica ... In this sense, Commelina tuberosa is a low-growing plant with long narrow leaves. The Coelestis Group is a cultivar group of ... Commelina tuberosa is an herbaceous perennial plant in the dayflower family which is native to Mexico but grown worldwide as an ... Linnaeus (1753). "Commelina". Species Plantarum (in Latin). pp. 40-42. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Huxley, A ...
... is a plant species native to tropical Africa. It is known from Uganda and Cameroon. Unconfirmed reports place ... It grows on rocky hillsides in evergreen tropical forests at elevations up to 1300 m. Commelina zenkeri is a perennial herb up ... New or misunderstood species of Commelina (Commelinaceae) from the Flora of Tropical East Africa and the Flora Zambesiaca areas ... Commelina, Flora of Cameroon, Flora of Uganda, Flora of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Taxa named by Charles Baron ...
Neither Commelina imberbis nor Commelina mascarenica is most closely related to Commelina lukei. A third similar species, ... Commelina lukei was previously confused with the similar species Commelina imberbis. While a number of morphological characters ... Described in 2008, the species was previously confused with Commelina mascarenica and Commelina imberbis. Despite this ... Commelina lukei had been informally recognised as a distinct species for some time, particularly when it was observed in the ...
... revealed that Commelina welwitschii forms a clade with Commelina purpurea and Commelina fluviatilis. Both of these relatives ... Although it has yellow flowers, this study did not find a close relationship with Commelina capitata or Commelina africana, the ... points out that Commelina welwitschii is one of only three species in the genus to have bead-like rhizomes along with Commelina ... Commelina welwitschii is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family found in Southern Africa from Zimbabwe to Angola. A ...
The name Commelina thomasii was often used for West African plants until it was realized that Commelina acutispatha, an older ... Commelina acutispatha is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family found primarily in East and Central Africa, including ... Commelina, Flora of Africa, Plants described in 1931). ...
ISBN 0-88192-527-6 Media related to Commelina benghalensis at Wikimedia Commons Commelina benghalensis in West African plants ... Commelina benghalensis is a wide-ranging plant, being native to tropical and subtropical Asia and Africa, an area otherwise ... Commelina benghalensis, commonly known as the Benghal dayflower, tropical spiderwort, or wandering Jew, kanshira in Bengali, is ... Commelina benghalensis produces three types of branches - aerial or negatively geotropic ones, subaerial or diageotropic ones, ...
It had formerly been confused with the closely related species Commelina imberbis and Commelina lukei, the latter occurring ... Commelina mascarenica is a monocotyledonous, herbaceous plant in the dayflower family from East Africa. This pale blue-flowered ... Faden, Robert B. (2008), "Commelina mascarenica (Commelinaceae), an overlooked Malagasy species in Africa" (PDF), Adansonia, 3 ... "New Species of Commelina (Commelinaceae) from East and South-central Africa", Novon, 18 (4): 469-479, doi:10.3417/2007025 v t e ...
A new species of Commelina (Commelinaceae) from Tanzania. Novon 11:16-21. Tropicos Faden, R.B. 1994. New species of Commelina ... Commelina polhillii is a plant species native to Tanzania, known only from the Iriniga and Mpanda Districts. It occurs in open ... Commelina polhillii is an annual herb with ascendent(=reclining for a while then turning upward) to decumbent (=trailing) stems ...
Faden determined that Commelina caroliniana must have been introduced and made Commelina hasskarlii a synonym of it. Commelina ... In 1881, Charles Baron Clarke began to treat it as a synonym of Commelina diffusa, then known as Commelina nudiflora. In the ... Commelina diffusa). They measure 1.2 to 3 cm in length, and rarely up to 3.7 cm long, by 0.5 to 1 cm in width. Their margins ... Commelina caroliniana is native to India and Bangladesh. It was introduced to South Carolina via the port of Charleston in or ...
Subspecies Commelina eckloniana subsp. claessensii (De Wild.) Faden - Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda Commelina ... eckloniana - Zimbabwe, South Africa, Eswatini Commelina eckloniana subsp. nairobiensis (Faden) Faden - Kenya Commelina ... Commelina eckloniana is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family with a broad distribution in Central and East Africa. It ... 1930). "Commelina". Contribution à l'étude de la Flore du Katanga, Supplément (PDF) (in French). Vol. 3. Bruxelles: D. Van ...
It is considered to be the most variable species of Commelina in North America. Commelina erecta is native to much of the world ... 49-50 Media related to Commelina erecta at Wikimedia Commons Profile at Flora of Missouri Webpage Commelina erecta in West ... Commelina erecta, commonly known as the white mouth dayflower, slender dayflower, or widow's tears, is a perennial herb native ... Faden, Robert (2006), "Commelina erecta", in Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+ (ed.), Flora of North ...
... is probably closely related to Commelina kituloensis, which shares a similar fruit type, the same tufted ... 1930). "Commelina". Contribution à l'étude de la Flore du Katanga, Supplément (PDF) (in French). Vol. 3. Bruxelles: D. Van ... Commelina hockii is an herbaceous plant in the dayflower family found primarily in Central Africa, from southwestern Tanzania ... Also, it is one of the only Commelina species known to leave a papery residue of dried fluid inside its spathes; normally only ...
Commelina sphaerorhizoma is found in south-central Africa and is currently known only from the southeastern part of the ... Commelina orchidophylla was first described in 2009 in the Belgian journal Systematics and Geography of Plants along with ... Commelina orchidophylla is a monocotyledonous, herbaceous plant in the dayflower family from south-central Africa. This blue- ... Faden, Robert B.; Layton, Daniel J.; Figueiredo, Estrela (2009), "Three new species of Commelina (Commelinaceae) from south- ...
Only two other species of Commelina, namely Commelina welwitschii and Commelina crassicaulis, have rhizomes similar to ... "Commelina sp. 5". It is unclear which of the other 170 or so species of Commelina is closely related to Commelina ... Because Commelina sphaerorrhizoma is the only Commelina with unfused spathes, blue flowers, trivalved capsules and one-seeded ... Commelina sphaerorhizoma is found in south-central Africa and is currently known from an area larger than 10,000 square ...
Wenceslas Bojer described what he believed were two new species, Commelina barabata and Commelina salicifolia, in his work ... "Commelina communis", in Li; et al. (eds.), Flora of Taiwan, vol. 5, p. 164 Faden, Robert (2006), "Commelina communis", in Flora ... Commelina communis var. ludens was created by C.B. Clarke after demoting it from the full species status in which it was placed ... Commelina communis was first described in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in the first edition of his Species Plantarum, along with eight ...
... is found in the Northern Territories and in Western Australia. It is an annual or perennial herb with a ... "Commelina ciliata Stanley". Atlas of Living Australia. Retrieved 3 March 2020. Stanley, T. D. (1990). "Two new species and a ... "Commelina ciliata Stanley". FloraBase: the Western Australian Flora. Western Australian Herbarium, Biodiversity and ... new name in Commelina L (Commelinaceae) in Australia". Austrobaileya. 3 (2): 235-238. JSTOR 41738758. Paczkowska, Grazyna. " ...
See Figures 1 and 3 in reference 3.) Symptoms and Inclusions of Commelina mosaic virus in Commelina diffusa. (Potyviruses make ... Commelina mosaic virus was first reported in 1977 and was the first Potyvirus found infecting a member of the plant family, ... Commelina mosaic virus (CoMV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potyvirus and the virus family Potyviridae. Like other ... Characterization and Electron Microscopy of a Potyvirus Infecting Commelina diffusa. Phytopathology 67:839-843, 1977 C.A.Baker ...
Commelina hispida Ruiz & Pav. Commelina hockii De Wild. Commelina holubii C.B.Clarke Commelina homblei De Wild. Commelina ... Commelina cyanea R.Br. Commelina dammeriana K.Schum. Commelina deflexa Rusby Commelina dekindtiana Fritsch Commelina demissa C. ... Commelina eckloniana Kunth Commelina elliptica Kunth in Humb. & al. Commelina ensifolia R.Br. Commelina erecta L. Commelina ... Commelina geniculata Desv. ex Ham. Commelina giorgii De Wild. Commelina gourmaensis A.Chev. Commelina grandis Brenan Commelina ...
Commelina erecta is a PERENNIAL growing to 1.2 m (4ft). See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 9. It is in flower ... Commelina. Perennial. 0.1. 7-10 LM. SN. DM. 2. 0. Commelina virginica. Virginia Day-Flower. Annual/Perennial. 1.2. - LM. SN. DM ... Commelina elliptica. Perennial. 0.1. 7-10 LM. SN. DM. 2. 0. Commelina erecta angustifolia. Whitemouth Dayflower. Perennial. 0.8 ... Commelina coelestis. Blue Spider Wort, Commelina. Perennial. 0.5. 8-11 L. N. DM. 2. 0. ...
A revision of Commelina (Plum.) L. in the U.S.A. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 93: 1--19. Faden, R. B. 1993b. The misconstrued and ... 6 Commelina erecta. +. Leaf sheaths not auriculate; roots thin; proximal petal blue to lilac or lavender, conspicuous; some ... 7 Commelina virginica. +. Annuals or perennials with ascending to decumbent, repent or scrambling stems; sheaths with or ... 8 Commelina benghalensis. +. Leaf blades oblong to lanceolate-oblong or oblong-elliptic; sheaths without red hairs; lateral ...
Commelina cyanea has been called "scurvy weed" as it was used by early European settlers to avoid or alleviate scurvy. It is a ... Commelina cyanea. Family: Commelinaceae. Distribution: Forests and woodlands of Queensland, New South Wales and Northern ... Derivation of Name: Commelina…after J. and G. Commelin, 17th century botanists. cyanea…from greek cyanos, "blue", referring to ... Commelina is a genus of about 230 species with about 7 occurring in Australia. ...
Commelina radicans (D.Don) Spreng.. First published in Syst. Veg. ed. 16. 4(2): 25 (1827) ...
Commelina. 亞洲有用植物 ... Commelina communis L. (鴨跖草). 科 Commelinaceae. ... Commelina communis L. 1,363 1,106 觀察資料. 鴨跖草 ... Commelina communis L. 亞洲有用植物 科 Commelinaceae 屬 Commelina 種 ...
Blue-flowered Commelina species such as Commelina benghalensis and Commelina diffusa Burm.f. are easily confused. Both species ... and Commelina latifolia Hochst. ex A.Rich. are also used as a vegetable. Commelina zambesica C.B.Clarke is used as a vegetable ... Commelina pyrrhoblepharis Hassk. (1867). Vernacular names. Blue commelina, venus bath, Benghal dayflower, tropical spiderwort ... Cytotoxicity assay of Commelina diffusa and Commelina benghalensis using the brine shrimp lethality test. BSc thesis, ...
The Tennessee-Kentucky Plant Atlas is a source of data for the distribution of plants within the state as well as taxonomic, conservation, invasive, and wetland information for each species. The website also provides access to a database and images of plants photos and herbarium specimens found at participating herbaria.
D.F.L.von Schlechtendal in: Index seminum in horto academico Halensi 1838 collectorum: ...
Flora of Caprivi: Commelina. Flora of Malawi: Commelina. Flora of Mozambique: Commelina. Flora of Zambia: Commelina. Flora of ... Wikipedia: Commelina. IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Commelina. Kew Herbarium catalogue: Commelina. Home. ,. List of ... Commelina. 896.000 Commelina L.. Description of the genus. Annual or perennial herbs. Underground stolons sometimes bearing ... ePIC (electronic Plant Information Center): Commelina. Flora Zambesiaca web site: Commelina. Google: Web - Images - Scholar. ...
C auct.. Botanical information such as scientific names, english common names and plant family group on Commelina sp. C auct ... The plant Commelina sp. C auct., is the 128706th most popular plant at mygarden.net.au placing it in the top 61% of botanical ... Commelina erecta L. subsp. maritima (J.K.Morton) J.K.Morton 14.29% ...
Commelina erecta, commonly known as the white mouth dayflower, slender dayflower, or widows tears, is a perennial herb native ... It is considered to be the most variable species of Commelina in North America. (Source: Wikipedia, , http://en.wikipedia.org ... Commelina_erecta, CC BY-SA 3.0 . Photo: (c) Vernon Dye, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Vernon Dye) ...
A Digital Reference Collection for Singapores ...
Commelina benghalensis (Day Flower) is a species of annual herb in the family Commelinaceae. They have a self-supporting growth ...
catalog , Garden Flowers , Day Flower, Spiderwort, Widows Tears (Commelina). Day Flower, Spiderwort, Widows Tears (Commelina). ... Photo Day Flower, Spiderwort, Widows Tears (Commelina), click for zoom.. farm4.static.flickr.com. blue upload.wikimedia.org. ...
266967 xx Commelina erecta L.. name cited: 267240 Commelina pohliana Seub.. drawing: M.A. Seubert family: Commelinaceae epithet ... xx 266967 Commelina erecta L. L. [Commelina pohliana Seub.]. C.F.P. von Martius, A.G. Eichler, I. Urban, Fl. Bras., vol. 3(1): ... Commelina bahiensis Willd. ex Roemer & Schultes; Commelina sulcata Willd. ex Roemer & Schultes; ...
Commelina diffusa, Taxa Only, Exact Match: 6 Treatments. [ link ] Commelina diffusa Monteiro, Francisca, Costa, Esperança Da, ... Commelina diffusa Pellegrini, Marco Octavio de Oliveira & Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini, 2017, Synopsis of Commelina L. ( ... Commelina diffusa Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular ... Commelina diffusa Oliveira, Adriana & Bove, Claudia, 2016, Checklist of aquatic and marshy Monocotyledons from the Araguaia ...
Commelina communis, or Asiatic dayflower, brings the promise of a stable blue pigment to Wild Ozark Paleo Paints. ... A Stable Blue from Asiatic Dayflower (Commelina communis). 2 Comments / Colors, Experiments, Making Pigments / By Madison Woods ... Shiono M, Matsugaki N, Takeda K. Structure of commelinin, a blue complex pigment from the blue flowers of Commelina communis. ...
In this post we are going to show you all the characteristics of Commelina erecta and its medicinal properties. ... Uses of commelina erecta. This plant is found in numerous places that are considered to be its habitats. It is common to see in ... Full path to article: Gardening On » Plants » Medicinal plants » commelina erecta. 2 comments, leave yours Leave a Comment ... Description of the commelina erecta. This type of plant can be easily recognized as it has the combination of two blue petals ...
Commelina pacifica Commelina pacifica Vahl, Enum. Pl. 2: 168. 1805.. Commelina werneana Commelina werneana Hasskarl, in ... Commelina cespitosa Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 1: 178. 1820.. BANGLADESH: Chittagong,. Commelina gigas Commelina gigas Small, Man. S.E ... Commelina diffusa Burman f. - Creeping Dayflower; Spreading Dayflower. Citation. Citation. COMMELINA DIFFUSA Burman f., Fl. ... Commelina ochreata Commelina ochreata Schauer, Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1): 447. 1843.. CHINA ...
18 Carat Commelina Gold Pendant : Zeya offer trendy design of gold Jewellery Starts from 2000 onwards. Choose & buy latest gold ...
The flowers of Commelina benghalensis grow in few-flowered, terminal cymes. At the base of the lower flower in picture the ...
48 Commelina benghalensis L.. (Commelinacea). Cameroon Keyoum (bikom) (NS). Nkoleke (Bakossi) (NS). Whole plant. Decoction. Not ...
Commelina erecta. Dayflower. Widows Tears. White-mouth Dayflower. Whitemouth Dayflower. 40 images ...
We established a chemical screening method to identify compounds that affect stomatal movements in Commelina benghalensis. We ... We established a chemical screening method to identify compounds that affect stomatal movements in Commelina benghalensis. We ... Plants of Commelina benghalensis ssp. were cultured in soil at 25 ± 3°C in a greenhouse for 4 weeks. Arabidopsis thaliana ( ... Keywords: stomata, chemical biology, protease inhibitor, Commelina, Arabidopsis. Citation: Wang T, Ye W, Wang Y, Zhang M, ...
small blue wildflower Australia- Commelina cyanea by Ernest. Posted on 2021-01-18 ...
Commelina benghalensis. Smilacina purpurea. Cuscuta europaea. Hypericum choisianum. Commelina maculata. Cuscuta reflexa. ...
Tropical spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis L.)increases growth under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide - (Peer Reviewed ... Tropical spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis L.)increases growth under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide. Journal of ... Effects of elevated atmospheric co2 on tropical spiderwort [abstract]. Symposium on Tropical Spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis ...
Commelina Benghalensis Linn Corallocarpus Epigeus C.B. Clare Costus Speciosus (Koenig.) Sm Dipteracanthus Prostratus (Poir.) ... Commelina Benghalensis Linn *Corallocarpus Epigeus C.B. Clare *Costus Speciosus (Koenig.) Sm *Dipteracanthus Prostratus (Poir ...
  • The misconstrued and rare species of Commelina (Commelinaceae) in the eastern United States. (efloras.org)
  • Commelina benghalensis (Day Flower) is a species of annual herb in the family Commelinaceae . (eol.org)
  • A blue dye extracted from the petals of the Commelina communis lily plant native to Asia. (mfa.org)
  • This research established a high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method for simultaneous determination of isoorientin, orientin, vitexin, and isovitexin in Commelina communis to conduct content difference analysis and quality evaluation of 62 batches of C. communis from different origins. (bvsalud.org)
  • Commelina communis L. is a troublesome weed in agronomic fields and increasingly threatens the yield security of corn in north-eastern China. (bvsalud.org)
  • Commelina benghalensis L. (plantnet-project.org)
  • Commelina benghalensis is originally an Old World species, and is naturalized in the Americas and Hawaii. (plantnet-project.org)
  • Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana, the leaves of Commelina benghalensis are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. (plantnet-project.org)
  • In East Africa the sap of Commelina benghalensis leaves and stems is used to treat ophthalmia, sore throat and burns, and the liquid contained in the flowering spathe is used to treat eye complaints in Zanzibar. (plantnet-project.org)
  • In southern Africa Commelina benghalensis is used to counter infertility in women, and a decoction of the root is used for the relief of stomach disorders. (plantnet-project.org)
  • Dry leaves of a sample of Commelina benghalensis from Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire, contained per 100 g: protein 13.6 g, fat 2.1 g, carbohydrate 58 g, fibre 41 g (Busson, 1965). (plantnet-project.org)
  • Commelina benghalensis has given negative results in tests for antibacterial effects. (plantnet-project.org)
  • The flowers of Commelina benghalensis grow in few-flowered, terminal cymes. (operationwildflower.org.za)
  • We established a chemical screening method to identify compounds that affect stomatal movements in Commelina benghalensis . (frontiersin.org)
  • Caruru (Amaranthus spinosus L) and trapoeraba (Commelina benghalensis) are NCEPs introduced into Brazil and are widely used by certain communities. (bvsalud.org)
  • Digitaria abyssinica, Bidens pilosa and Commelina benghalensis were the most common weed species while Phaseolus vulgaris, Manihot esculenta, Arachis hypogaea), Musa sp, Glycine max and Ipomoea batatas were most common cultivated crops. (who.int)
  • Pennisetum purpureum, Digitaria abyssinica, Cyperus rotundus, Amaranthus spinosus, Commelina benghalensis and Eleusine indica weeds species are natural hosts of Maize chlorotic mottle virus. (who.int)
  • Commelina erecta - L. (pfaf.org)
  • Commelina erecta is a PERENNIAL growing to 1.2 m (4ft). (pfaf.org)
  • xx Commelina erecta L. [ Commelina pohliana Seub. (plantgenera.org)
  • It's about the commelina erecta . (jardineriaon.com)
  • The flowering of the commelina erecta it takes place in summer and the flowers close after noon. (jardineriaon.com)
  • Although we can have a garden with plants with medicinal properties, the commelina erecta it will fit very well. (jardineriaon.com)
  • Commelina is a genus of about 230 species with about 7 occurring in Australia. (anpsa.org.au)
  • There may be edaphic or genetic differences causing such differences in properties, but these may also originate from misidentifications, because most Commelina species resemble each other very closely. (plantnet-project.org)
  • Commelina africana differs from most other Commelina species by having pretty, small, canary-yellow flowers instead of the usual blue flowers, and also. (sanbi.org)
  • Commelina benghalesis is a common, widespread weed found throughout southern Africa, tropical Africa and Asia and it is difficult to eradicate in cultivated. (sanbi.org)
  • Commelina cyanea has been called "scurvy weed" as it was used by early European settlers to avoid or alleviate scurvy. (anpsa.org.au)
  • As of 11-16-21 when this page was last updated, Plants of the World Online list 199 species in the Commelina genus. (thebelmontrooster.com)
  • Now the genus is Commelina and we've got two native species and an invasive species in South-east Queensland. (janegrowsgardenrooms.garden)
  • There are around 230 species in the Commelina genus and seven of them are native to Australia. (janegrowsgardenrooms.garden)
  • glabrata C.Presl, Commelina nudiflora f. agraria (Kunth) C.B.Clarke, Commelina obtusifolia Vahl, Commelina ochreata Schauer, Commelina pacifica Vahl, Commelina pilosa Pers. (thebelmontrooster.com)
  • Commelina coelestis is a PERENNIAL growing to 0.5 m (1ft 8in) by 0.3 m (1ft). (myplantin.com)
  • This is not necessarily a problem with the slower growing and less hardy natives, but the invasive Commelina has a tendency to survive dry periods and doesn't die off as much in the cooler seasons. (janegrowsgardenrooms.garden)
  • Two groundcovers in the commelina (wandering Jew) family are seen everywhere in the Grand Caymans and on Cozumel. (thesmartergardener.com)
  • Commelina: after the two Dutch botanists Johan (1629-1692) and his nephew Caspar (1667-1731) Commelin, known to Linnaeus and Charles Plumier, a French Franciscan monk, botanist and traveler who apparently named this flower. (wisc.edu)
  • I rarely see the native or the exotic Commelina without encountering insects. (janegrowsgardenrooms.garden)
  • Thankfully some natives also popped up - kidney weed (dichondra), Glycene microphilla, Native geranium, Commelina and Slender sedge. (abellingendiary.com)
  • In addition, it was possible to obtain 'upper limit estimates' of the sensitivity of Commelina stomata to ABA utilising the ability of this plant to yield epidermal peels. (bl.uk)
  • The Commelina are remarkable for their bright blue flowers, and this new one is the best I have seen. (johnjearrard.co.uk)
  • To boost the size of the salad, I added baby rocket, parsley, lime mint, berries & cream mint, common mint, chives and a few clover flowers that I picked whilst en-route to check the letterbox. (abellingendiary.com)