Collagen type x. Medical search

A non-fibrillar collagen found primarily in terminally differentiated hypertrophic CHONDROCYTES. It is a homotrimer of three identical alpha1(X) subunits.

The formation of cartilage. This process is directed by CHONDROCYTES which continually divide and lay down matrix during development. It is sometimes a precursor to OSTEOGENESIS.

A non-vascular form of connective tissue composed of CHONDROCYTES embedded in a matrix that includes CHONDROITIN SULFATE and various types of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are three major types: HYALINE CARTILAGE; FIBROCARTILAGE; and ELASTIC CARTILAGE.

Polymorphic cells that form cartilage.

A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It is the main constituent of SKIN; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; and the organic substance of bones (BONE AND BONES) and teeth (TOOTH).

The most common form of fibrillar collagen. It is a major constituent of bone (BONE AND BONES) and SKIN and consists of a heterotrimer of two alpha1(I) and one alpha2(I) chains.

A fibrillar collagen consisting of three identical alpha1(III) chains that is widely distributed in many tissues containing COLLAGEN TYPE I. It is particularly abundant in BLOOD VESSELS and may play a role in tissues with elastic characteristics.

A fibrillar collagen found predominantly in CARTILAGE and vitreous humor. It consists of three identical alpha1(II) chains.

A non-fibrillar collagen found in the structure of BASEMENT MEMBRANE. Collagen type IV molecules assemble to form a sheet-like network which is involved in maintaining the structural integrity of basement membranes. The predominant form of the protein is comprised of two alpha1(IV) subunits and one alpha2(IV) subunit, however, at least six different alpha subunits can be incorporated into the heterotrimer.

A fibrillar collagen found widely distributed as a minor component in tissues that contain COLLAGEN TYPE I and COLLAGEN TYPE III. It is a heterotrimeric molecule composed of alpha1(V), alpha2(V) and alpha3(V) subunits. Several forms of collagen type V exist depending upon the composition of the subunits that form the trimer.

A family of structurally related collagens that form the characteristic collagen fibril bundles seen in CONNECTIVE TISSUE.

A non-fibrillar collagen that forms a network of MICROFIBRILS within the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. The alpha subunits of collagen type VI assemble into antiparallel, overlapping dimers which then align to form tetramers.

A fibrillar collagen found primarily in interstitial CARTILAGE. Collagen type XI is heterotrimer containing alpha1(XI), alpha2(XI) and alpha3(XI) subunits.

The area between the EPIPHYSIS and the DIAPHYSIS within which bone growth occurs.

A meshwork-like substance found within the extracellular space and in association with the basement membrane of the cell surface. It promotes cellular proliferation and provides a supporting structure to which cells or cell lysates in culture dishes adhere.

Collagen receptors are cell surface receptors that modulate signal transduction between cells and the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX. They are found in many cell types and are involved in the maintenance and regulation of cell shape and behavior, including PLATELET ACTIVATION and aggregation, through many different signaling pathways and differences in their affinities for collagen isoforms. Collagen receptors include discoidin domain receptors, INTEGRINS, and glycoprotein VI.

Macromolecular organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually, sulfur. These macromolecules (proteins) form an intricate meshwork in which cells are embedded to construct tissues. Variations in the relative types of macromolecules and their organization determine the type of extracellular matrix, each adapted to the functional requirements of the tissue. The two main classes of macromolecules that form the extracellular matrix are: glycosaminoglycans, usually linked to proteins (proteoglycans), and fibrous proteins (e.g., COLLAGEN; ELASTIN; FIBRONECTINS; and LAMININ).

A biosynthetic precursor of collagen containing additional amino acid sequences at the amino-terminal and carboxyl-terminal ends of the polypeptide chains.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

A non-fibrillar collagen found in BASEMENT MEMBRANE. The C-terminal end of the alpha1 chain of collagen type XVIII contains the ENDOSTATIN peptide, which can be released by proteolytic cleavage.

The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching.

A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation.

A protective layer of firm, flexible cartilage over the articulating ends of bones. It provides a smooth surface for joint movement, protecting the ends of long bones from wear at points of contact.

Abnormal development of cartilage and bone.

Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.

A fibril-associated collagen found in many tissues bearing high tensile stress, such as TENDONS and LIGAMENTS. It is comprised of a trimer of three identical alpha1(XII) chains.

Glycoproteins found on the surfaces of cells, particularly in fibrillar structures. The proteins are lost or reduced when these cells undergo viral or chemical transformation. They are highly susceptible to proteolysis and are substrates for activated blood coagulation factor VIII. The forms present in plasma are called cold-insoluble globulins.

A darkly stained mat-like EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX (ECM) that separates cell layers, such as EPITHELIUM from ENDOTHELIUM or a layer of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. The ECM layer that supports an overlying EPITHELIUM or ENDOTHELIUM is called basal lamina. Basement membrane (BM) can be formed by the fusion of either two adjacent basal laminae or a basal lamina with an adjacent reticular lamina of connective tissue. BM, composed mainly of TYPE IV COLLAGEN; glycoprotein LAMININ; and PROTEOGLYCAN, provides barriers as well as channels between interacting cell layers.

Formed from pig pepsinogen by cleavage of one peptide bond. The enzyme is a single polypeptide chain and is inhibited by methyl 2-diaazoacetamidohexanoate. It cleaves peptides preferentially at the carbonyl linkages of phenylalanine or leucine and acts as the principal digestive enzyme of gastric juice.

Glycoproteins which have a very high polysaccharide content.

A long, narrow, and flat bone commonly known as BREASTBONE occurring in the midsection of the anterior thoracic segment or chest region, which stabilizes the rib cage and serves as the point of origin for several muscles that move the arms, head, and neck.

A metalloproteinase which degrades helical regions of native collagen to small fragments. Preferred cleavage is -Gly in the sequence -Pro-Xaa-Gly-Pro-. Six forms (or 2 classes) have been isolated from Clostridium histolyticum that are immunologically cross-reactive but possess different sequences and different specificities. Other variants have been isolated from Bacillus cereus, Empedobacter collagenolyticum, Pseudomonas marinoglutinosa, and species of Vibrio and Streptomyces. EC 3.4.24.3.

Large, noncollagenous glycoprotein with antigenic properties. It is localized in the basement membrane lamina lucida and functions to bind epithelial cells to the basement membrane. Evidence suggests that the protein plays a role in tumor invasion.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Historically, a heterogeneous group of acute and chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, etc. This classification was based on the notion that "collagen" was equivalent to "connective tissue", but with the present recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates derived from them as distinct entities, the term "collagen diseases" now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or extracellular processing directly. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1494)

General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA).

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

A small leucine-rich proteoglycan that interacts with FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and modifies the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX structure of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. Decorin has also been shown to play additional roles in the regulation of cellular responses to GROWTH FACTORS. The protein contains a single glycosaminoglycan chain and is similar in structure to BIGLYCAN.

A fibril-associated collagen usually found crosslinked to the surface of COLLAGEN TYPE II fibrils. It is a heterotrimer containing alpha1(IX), alpha2(IX) and alpha3(IX) subunits.

Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.

Large HYALURONAN-containing proteoglycans found in articular cartilage (CARTILAGE, ARTICULAR). They form into aggregates that provide tissues with the capacity to resist high compressive and tensile forces.

Process by which organic tissue becomes hardened by the physiologic deposit of calcium salts.

Enzymes that catalyze the degradation of collagen by acting on the peptide bonds.

The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.

Reagent used as an intermediate in the manufacture of beta-alanine and pantothenic acid.

Articular cartilage repair using a tissue-engineered cartilage-like implant: an animal study. (1/149)

OBJECTIVE: Because articular cartilage has limited ability to repair itself, treatment of (osteo)chondral lesions remains a clinical challenge. We aimed to evaluate how well a tissue-engineered cartilage-like implant, derived from chondrocytes cultured in a novel patented, scaffold-free bioreactor system, would perform in minipig knees with chondral, superficial osteochondral, and full-thickness articular defects. DESIGN: For in vitro implant preparation, we used full-thickness porcine articular cartilage and digested chondrocytes. Bioreactors were seeded with 20x10(6) cells and incubated for 3 weeks. Subsequent to culture, tissue cartilage-like implants were divided for assessment of viability, formaldehyde-fixed and processed by standard histological methods. Some samples were also prepared for electron microscopy (TEM). Proteoglycans and collagens were identified and quantified by SDS-PAGE gels. For in vivo studies in adult minipigs, medial parapatellar arthrotomy was performed unilaterally. Three types of defects were created mechanically in the patellar groove of the femoral condyle. Tissue-engineered cartilage-like implants were placed using press-fit fixation, without supplementary fixation devices. Control defects were not grafted. Animals could bear full weight with an unlimited range of motion. At 4 and 24 weeks postsurgery, explanted knees were assessed using the modified ICRS classification for cartilage repair. RESULTS: After 3-4 weeks of bioreactor incubation, cultured chondrocytes developed a 700-microm- to 1-mm-thick cartilage-like tissue. Cell density was similar to that of fetal cartilage, and cells stained strongly for Alcian blue and safranin O. The percentage of viable cells remained nearly constant (approximately 90%). Collagen content was similar to that of articular cartilage, as shown by SDS-PAGE. At explantation, the gross morphological appearance of grafted defects appeared like normal cartilage, whereas controls showed irregular fibrous tissue covering the defect. Improved histologic appearance was maintained for 6 months postoperatively. Although defects were not always perfectly level upon implantation at explanation the implant level matched native cartilage levels with no tissue hypertrophy. Once in place, implants remodelled to tissues with decreased cell density and a columnar organization. CONCLUSIONS: Repair of cartilage defects with a tissue-engineered implant yielded a consistent gross cartilage repair with a matrix predominantly composed of type II collagen up to 6 months after implantation. This initial result holds promise for the use of this unique bioreactor/tissue-engineered implant in humans. (+info)

A dominant interference collagen X mutation disrupts hypertrophic chondrocyte pericellular matrix and glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan distribution in transgenic mice. (2/149)

Collagen X transgenic (Tg) mice displayed skeleto-hematopoietic defects in tissues derived by endochondral skeletogenesis.(1) Here we demonstrate that co-expression of the transgene product containing truncated chicken collagen X with full-length mouse collagen X in a cell-free translation system yielded chicken-mouse hybrid trimers and truncated chicken homotrimers; this indicated that the mutant could assemble with endogenous collagen X and thus had potential for dominant interference. Moreover, species-specific collagen X antibodies co-localized the transgene product with endogenous collagen X to hypertrophic cartilage in growth plates and ossification centers; proliferative chondrocytes also stained diffusely. Electron microscopy revealed a disrupted hexagonal lattice network in the hypertrophic chondrocyte pericellular matrix in Tg growth plates, as well as altered mineral deposition. Ruthenium hexamine trichloride-positive aggregates, likely glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)/proteoglycans (PGs), were also dispersed throughout the chondro-osseous junction. These defects likely resulted from transgene co-localization and dominant interference with endogenous collagen X. Moreover, altered GAG/PG distribution in growth plates of both collagen X Tg and null mice was confirmed by a paucity of staining for hyaluronan and heparan sulfate PG. A provocative hypothesis links the disruption of the collagen X pericellular network and GAG/PG decompartmentalization to the potential locus for hematopoietic failure in the collagen X mice. (+info)

Expression of collagen and aggrecan genes in normal and osteoarthritic murine knee joints. (3/149)

OBJECTIVE: The STR/ort mouse strain develops osteoarthritis (OA) of the medial tibial cartilage whilst CBA mice do not develop this disease. We investigated whether changes occur in the expression of genes encoding major extracellular matrix proteins in the connective tissue of the murine knee joint in OA. DESIGN: Expression of the genes encoding collagens II (Col2alpha1), X (Col10alpha1), alpha2(XI) (Col11alpha2) and aggrecan (Agc) was detected in skeletally mature and immature male mice of the CBA and STR/ort strains by in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Col2alpha1 was expressed by chondrocytes of the tibial and patella-femoral cartilage and by the meniscal cartilage in all young mice (4-9 weeks) but only in the patella-femoral cartilage in older mice of both strains (36-45 weeks). In contrast Col2alpha1 was expressed by growth plate chondrocytes of both species at all ages. Similarly, Col2alpha1 transcripts were detected in cruciate ligament cells in both strains at all ages. Col10alpha1 transcripts were detected in cruciate ligament cells in both strains at all ages. Col10alpha1 expression was evident in the hypertrophic chondrocytes in the growth plate of young CBA and STR mice, but was not active in these cells in mature animals. However, Col10alpha1 was transcribed in articular chondrocytes of the tibia, meniscal and patella-femoral cartilages of all ages, in normal and osteoarthritic mice. Transcripts were also present in ligament of some mature animals. Col11alpha2 followed a similar pattern of expression in CBA cartilages to Col2alpha1, being active in adult growth plate but generally inactive in adult articular cartilages. Young CBA and STR/ort mice expressed Col11alpha2 in articular cartilage and very strongly throughout the growth plate. Agc expression was detected in all articular cartilages at all ages in both strains. Interestingly, transcripts for all four genes were absent in tibial articular chondrocytes located close to osteoarthritic lesions in STR/ort mice, indicating that these cells are unable to synthesize matrix proteins. Adult STR/ort mice also showed evidence of tissue remodeling around the periphery of the knee joint. Cells in remodeling areas actively transcribed Col2alpha1, Col10alpha1, Col11alpha2 and Agc. CONCLUSION: It is unlikely that OA develops in STR/ort mice because of failure to express major proteins in joint tissue. However, once lesions develop in articular cartilage neighbouring chondrocytes fail to express genes encoding several matrix proteins. (+info)

Transglutaminase factor XIIIA in the cartilage of developing avian long bones. (4/149)

Previously, we showed that mRNA for transglutaminase factor XIIIA (FXIIIA) is up-regulated in the hypertrophic zone of the growth plate of the chicken tibiotarsus, a well-characterized model of long bone development. In the present study, we have studied the distribution of the FXIIIA protein and of transglutaminase enzymatic activity in this growth plate, as well as in the cartilage of the epiphysis, which includes that of the articular surface. By immunohistochemical analysis, the protein is detected in the zone of maturation, where it is mostly intracellular, and in the hypertrophic zone, where it is present both intracellularly and in the extracellular matrix. The intracellular enzyme is mostly a zymogen, as determined with an antibody specific for the activation peptide. Externalization of FXIIIA is accompanied by enzyme activation. To study the pattern of transglutaminase activity, a synthetic transglutaminase substrate, rhodamine-conjugated tetrapeptide (Pro-Val-Lys-Gly), was used for pulse labeling in organ cultures. Intensive incorporation of the fluorescent substrate was observed throughout the hypertrophic zone and in the cells surrounding the forming blood vessels. The patterns of FXIIIA immunostaining and substrate incorporation overlap almost completely. The cartilaginous factor XIIIA is different from the plasma form in that, both intracellularly and extracellularly, it exists as a monomer, as determined by Western analysis, whereas the plasma form of FXIII is a tetrameric complex composed of both A and B subunits. We also identified FXIIIA and transglutaminase activity within the articular and condylar regions of the tarsus, suggesting a possible involvement of mechanical pressure and/or stress in the production of the molecule and subsequent cross-linking of the cartilage matrix. Thus, transglutaminases, in particular FXIIIA, are involved in the formation of long bones through its activity both in the hypertrophic region of the growth plate and in the formation of articular/epiphyseal cartilages. (+info)

Collagen X chains harboring Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia NC1 domain mutations are selectively retained and degraded in stably transfected cells. (5/149)

Collagen X is a short chain, homotrimeric collagen expressed specifically by hypertrophic chondrocytes during endochondral bone formation and growth. Although the exact role of collagen X remains unresolved, mutations in the COL10A1 gene disrupt growth plate function and result in Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (SMCD). With the exception of two mutations that impair signal peptide cleavage during alpha1(X) chain biosynthesis, SMCD mutations are clustered within the carboxyl-terminal NC1 domain. The formation of stable NC1 domain trimers is a critical stage in collagen X assembly, suggesting that mutations within this domain may result in subunit mis-folding or reduce trimer stability. When expressed in transiently transfected cells, alpha1(X) chains containing SMCD mutations were unstable and presumed to be degraded intracellularly. More recently, in vitro studies have shown that certain missense mutations may exert a dominant negative effect on alpha1(X) chain assembly by formation of mutant homotrimers and normal-mutant heterotrimers. In contrast, analysis of cartilage tissue from two SMCD patients revealed that the truncated mutant message was fully degraded, resulting in 50% reduction of functional collagen X within the growth plate. Therefore, in the absence of data that conclusively demonstrates the full cellular response to mutant collagen X chains, the molecular mechanisms underlying SMCD remain controversial. To address this, we closely examined the effect of two NC1 domain mutations, one frameshift mutation (1963del10) and one missense mutation (Y598D), using both semi-permeabilized cell and stable cell transfection expression systems. Although able to assemble to a limited extent in both systems, we show that, in intact cells, collagen X chains harboring both SMCD mutations did not evade quality control mechanisms within the secretory pathway and were degraded intracellularly. Furthermore, co-expression of wild-type and mutant chains in stable transfected cells demonstrated that, although wild-type chains were secreted, mutant chains were largely excluded from hetero-trimer formation. Our data indicate, therefore, that the predominant effect of the NC1 mutations Y598D and 1963del10 is a reduction in the amount of functional collagen X within the growth cartilage extracellular matrix. (+info)

Insight into Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia from the crystal structure of the collagen X NC1 domain trimer. (6/149)

Collagen X is expressed specifically in the growth plate of long bones. Its C1q-like C-terminal NC1 domain forms a stable homotrimer and is crucial for collagen X assembly. Mutations in the NC1 domain cause Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (SMCD). The crystal structure at 2.0 A resolution of the human collagen X NC1 domain reveals an intimate trimeric assembly strengthened by a buried cluster of calcium ions. Three strips of exposed aromatic residues on the surface of NC1 trimer are likely to be involved in the supramolecular assembly of collagen X. Most internal SMCD mutations probably prevent protein folding, whereas mutations of surface residues may affect the collagen X suprastructure in a dominant-negative manner. (+info)

TGFbeta2 mediates the effects of hedgehog on hypertrophic differentiation and PTHrP expression. (7/149)

The development of endochondral bones requires the coordination of signals from several cell types within the cartilage rudiment. A signaling cascade involving Indian hedgehog (Ihh) and parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHrP) has been described in which hypertrophic differentiation is limited by a signal secreted from chondrocytes as they become committed to hypertrophy. In this negative-feedback loop, Ihh inhibits hypertrophic differentiation by regulating the expression of Pthrp, which in turn acts directly on chondrocytes in the growth plate that express the PTH/PTHrP receptor. Previously, we have shown that PTHrP also acts downstream of transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) in a common signaling cascade to regulate hypertrophic differentiation in embryonic mouse metatarsal organ cultures. As members of the TGFbeta superfamily have been shown to mediate the effects of Hedgehog in several developmental systems, we proposed a model where TGFbeta acts downstream of Ihh and upstream of PTHrP in a cascade of signals that regulate hypertrophic differentiation in the growth plate. This report tests the hypothesis that TGFbeta signaling is required for the effects of Hedgehog on hypertrophic differentiation and expression of PTHRP: We show that Sonic hedgehog (Shh), a functional substitute for Ihh, stimulates expression of Tgfb2 and Tgfb3 mRNA in the perichondrium of embryonic mouse metatarsal bones grown in organ cultures and that TGFbeta signaling in the perichondrium is required for inhibition of differentiation and regulation of Pthrp expression by Shh. The effects of Shh are specifically dependent on TGFbeta2, as cultures from Tgfb3-null embryos respond to Shh but cultures from Tgfb2-null embryos do not. Taken together, these data suggest that TGFbeta2 acts as a signal relay between Ihh and PTHrP in the regulation of cartilage hypertrophic differentiation. (+info)

Linking hematopoiesis to endochondral skeletogenesis through analysis of mice transgenic for collagen X. (8/149)

Each skeletal element where marrow develops is first defined by a hypertrophic cartilage blueprint. Through programmed tissue substitution, the cartilaginous skeletal model is replaced by trabecular bone and marrow, with accompanying longitudinal tissue growth. During this process of endochondral ossification, hypertrophic cartilage expresses a unique matrix molecule, collagen X. Previously we reported that transgenic mice with dominant interference collagen X mutations develop variable skeleto-hematopoietic abnormalities, manifested as growth plate compressions, diminished trabecular bone, and reduced lymphatic organs (Nature 1993, 365:56). Here, histology and flow cytometry reveal marrow hypoplasia and impaired hematopoiesis in all collagen X transgenic mice. A subset of mice with perinatal lethality manifested the most severe skeletal defects and a reduction of marrow hematopoiesis, highlighted by a lymphocyte decrease. Thymic reduction is accompanied by a paucity of cortical immature T cells, consistent with the marrow's inability to replenish maturing cortical lymphocytes. Diminished spleens exhibit indistinct lymphatic nodules and red pulp depletion; the latter correlates with erythrocyte-filled vascular sinusoids in marrows. All mice display reduced B cells in marrows and spleens, and elevated splenic T cells. These hematopoietic defects underscore an unforeseen link between hypertrophic cartilage, endochondral ossification, and establishment of the marrow microenvironment required for blood cell differentiation. (+info)

Collagen IV (ColIV or Col4) is a type of collagen found primarily in the basal lamina. The collagen IV C4 domain at the C- ... Collagen IV is the more common usage, as opposed to the older terminology of "type-IV collagen".[citation needed] Collagen IV ... type IV collagen excretion reflects renal morphological alterations and type IV collagen expression in patients with type 2 ... Type III Procollagen, Type IV Collagen, Laminin, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase, or Prolyl Hydroxylase?". Alcoholism: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_IV_collagen

Type I collagen Collagen, type III, alpha 1 Park KS, Park MJ, Cho ML, Kwok SK, Ju JH, Ko HJ, Park SH, Kim HY (2009). "Type II ... Type II collagen is organised into fibrils. This fibrillar network of collagen allows the cartilage to entrap the proteoglycan ... Collagen+type+II at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) v t e (Articles with short description ... Type II collagen is the basis for hyaline cartilage, including the articular cartilages at joint surfaces. It is formed by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_II_collagen

It is related to the fibrillar collagens: type II, type XI, and type XXIV. Current research suggests that it is made by ... Type XXVII collagen is the protein predicted to be encoded by COL27A1. It was first described by Dr. James M. Pace and his ... v t e (Articles lacking sources from December 2009, All articles lacking sources, Collagens, All stub articles, Protein stubs) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_XXVII_collagen

... is a type of collagen which can be cleaved to form endostatin. The endostatin is from the c terminus end of ... This type of mutation particularly affects only one isoform of type XVIII collagen - the short isoform type, while the medium ... which codes for production of type XVIII collagen. It is speculated that the mutation of type XVIII collagen that occurs in ... When type XVIII collagen is mutated at the COL18A1 gene, exon 2 in the sequence is skipped, which results in production of an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_XVIII_collagen

Collagen Type II collagen Collagen, type I, alpha 1 Collagen, type I, alpha 2 Collagen, type III, alpha 1 Ting, Kay R. (2016 ... Type I collagen is the most abundant collagen of the human body. It forms large, eosinophilic fibers known as collagen fibers. ... The cross-links result in the formation of very strong mature type I collagen fiber. See Collagen, type I, alpha 1#Clinical ... to make a molecule of type I pro-collagen. These triple-stranded, rope-like pro-collagen molecules must be processed by enzymes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_I_collagen

... as well as in association with tissues containing type I collagen. Autoimmunity against type V collagen is associated with lung ... Type V collagen is a form of fibrillar collagen associated with classical Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. It is found within the dermal ... "Type V collagen controls the initiation of collagen fibril assembly". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (51): 53331-7. doi:10.1074/jbc. ... Collagen+Type+V at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) v t e (CS1 errors: missing periodical, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_V_collagen

"Duplication of type IV collagen COOH-terminal repeats and species-specific expression of alpha 1(IV) and alpha 2(IV) collagen ... "Entrez Gene: COL4A2 collagen, type IV, alpha 2". Hinek A (1995). "Nature and the multiple functions of the 67-kD elastin-/ ... Like the other members of the type IV collagen gene family, this gene is organized in a head-to-head conformation with another ... This gene encodes one of the six subunits of type IV collagen, the major structural component of basement membranes. The C- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_IV,_alpha_2

... types I, II, III, and XI), fibril-associated collagen (type IX), and network-forming collagen (type X) cause a spectrum of ... This gene encodes one of the chains for type I collagen, the fibrillar collagen found in most connective tissues. Mutations in ... Type-I collagen Collagen GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000164692 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ... "Entrez Gene: COL1A2 collagen, type I, alpha 2". Byers PH, Wallis GA, Willing MC (1991). "Osteogenesis imperfecta: translation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_I,_alpha_2

The COL11A1 gene encodes one of the two alpha chains of type XI collagen, a minor fibrillar collagen. Type XI collagen is a ... collagen cDNA demonstrates that type XI belongs to the fibrillar class of collagens and reveals that the expression of the gene ... "Entrez Gene: COL11A1 collagen, type XI, alpha 1". GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Stickler Syndrome Yoshioka H, Ramirez F ( ... Keene DR, Oxford JT, Morris NP (1995). "Ultrastructural localization of collagen types II, IX, and XI in the growth plate of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_XI,_alpha_1

It encodes the alpha chain of type XVII collagen. Collagen XVII is a transmembrane protein, like collagen XIII, XXIII and XXV. ... which in turn causes a type of osteogenesis imperfecta. Collagen, type XVII, alpha 1 has been shown to interact with Keratin 18 ... Collagen XVII is a homotrimer of three alpha1(XVII)-chains and a transmembrane protein in type II orientation. Each 180 kD a- ... 2015). "Mutations in collagen, type XVII, alpha 1 (COL17A1) cause epithelial recurrent erosion dystrophy (ERED)". Hum. Mutat. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_XVII,_alpha_1

Type IX collagen, a heterotrimeric molecule, is usually found in tissues containing type II collagen, a fibrillar collagen. ... sites in bovine cartilage type IX collagen reveals an antiparallel type II-type IX molecular relationship and type IX to type ... This gene encodes one of the three alpha chains of type IX collagen, the major collagen component of hyaline cartilage. ... "Entrez Gene: COL9A3 collagen, type IX, alpha 3". GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Multiple Epiphyseal Dysplasia, Dominant ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_IX,_alpha_3

"COL21A1 collagen, type XXI, alpha 1". Entrez Gene: COL21A1. United States National Center for Biotechnology Information. Chou ... "Genomic organization and characterization of the human type XXI collagen (COL21A1) gene". Genomics. 79 (3): 395-401. doi: ... Collagen alpha-1(XXI) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL21A1 gene. The protein is an extracellular matrix ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_XXI,_alpha_1

"Entrez Gene: COL23A1 collagen, type XXIII, alpha 1". Banyard J, Bao L, Zetter BR (June 2003). "Type XXIII collagen, a new ... The molecule of collagen XXIII can be found either in membrane-bond form or in shed form. Type XXIII collagen is expressed in ... Collagen XXIII is a type II transmembrane protein and the fourth in the subfamily of non-fibrillar transmembranous collagens. ... Collagen XXIII shows structural homology with collagen XIII and collagen XXV . Apart from having the characteristic structure ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_XXIII,_alpha_1

"Entrez Gene: COL8A1 collagen, type VIII, alpha 1". Shuttleworth CA (1998). "Type VIII collagen". Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 29 ... This gene encodes one of the two alpha chains of type VIII collagen. The gene product is a short chain collagen and a major ... Plenz GA, Deng MC, Robenek H, Völker W (2003). "Vascular collagens: spotlight on the role of type VIII collagen in ... The type VIII collagen fibril can be either a homo- or a heterotrimer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_VIII,_alpha_1

"Entrez Gene: COL6A1 collagen, type VI, alpha 1". Bertini E, Pepe G (2002). "Collagen type VI and related disorders: Bethlem ... "Type VI collagen anchors endothelial basement membranes by interacting with type IV collagen". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (42): 26522-9 ... The protein encoded by this gene is the alpha 1 subunit of type VI collagen (alpha1(VI) chain). Mutations in the genes that ... 1996). "Type VI collagen mutations in Bethlem myopathy, an autosomal dominant myopathy with contractures". Nat. Genet. 14 (1): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_VI,_alpha_1

Latvanlehto A, Snellman A, Tu H, Pihlajaniemi T (2003). "Type XIII collagen and some other transmembrane collagens contain two ... Collagen XIII belongs to the transmembranous subfamily of collagens, like collagen XVII, XXIII and XXV. GRCh38: Ensembl release ... 2002). "The type XIII collagen ectodomain is a 150-nm rod and capable of binding to fibronectin, nidogen-2, perlecan, and ... 1998). "Type XIII collagen is identified as a plasma membrane protein". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (25): 15590-7. doi:10.1074/jbc. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_XIII,_alpha_1

Type XV collagen is known to be a tumor suppressor that can be used to understand tumor cells environment. Type XV collagen ... This gene encodes the alpha chain of type XV collagen, a member of the FACIT collagen family (fibril-associated collagens with ... "Epitope-defined monoclonal antibodies against multiplexin collagens demonstrate that type XV and XVIII collagens are expressed ... Hägg PM, Hägg PO, Peltonen S, Autio-Harmainen H, Pihlajaniemi T (June 1997). "Location of type XV collagen in human tissues and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_XV,_alpha_1

Type IX collagen is usually found in tissues containing type II collagen, a fibrillar collagen. Studies in knockout mice have ... sites in bovine cartilage type IX collagen reveals an antiparallel type II-type IX molecular relationship and type IX to type ... This gene encodes one of the three alpha chains of type IX collagen, a collagen component of hyaline cartilage. ... "Entrez Gene: COL9A1 collagen, type IX, alpha 1". GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Multiple Epiphyseal Dysplasia, Dominant ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_IX,_alpha_1

... type III collagen is also an important regulator of the diameter of type I and II collagen fibrils. Type III collagen is also ... types I, II, III, and XI), fibril-associated collagen (type IX), and network-forming collagen (type X) cause a spectrum of ... Type III collagen could also be important in several other human diseases. Increased amounts of type III collagen are found in ... Type III collagen is one of the fibrillar collagens whose proteins have a long, inflexible, triple-helical domain. Type III ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_III,_alpha_1

... types I, II, III, and XI), fibril-associated collagen (type IX), and network-forming collagen (type X) cause a spectrum of ... Collagen, type I, alpha 1, also known as alpha-1 type I collagen, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL1A1 gene. ... the structure of type I collagen is compromised. Tissues that are rich in type I collagen, such as the skin, bones, and tendons ... Ehlers-Danlos type IV is most attributed to abnormalities in the reticular fibers (collagen Type III). Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_I,_alpha_1

"Entrez Gene: COL25A1 collagen, type XXV, alpha 1". Kakuyama H, Söderberg L, Horigome K, et al. (2006). "CLAC binds to ... Collagen, type XXV, alpha 1 has been shown to interact with Amyloid precursor protein. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ... CLAC-P/collagen type XXV". EMBO J. 21 (7): 1524-34. doi:10.1093/emboj/21.7.1524. PMC 125364. PMID 11927537. " ... Collagen alpha-1(XXV) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL25A1 gene. COL25A1 is a brain-specific membrane- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_XXV,_alpha_1

Type XXVII collagen is related to the "fibrillar" class of collagens and may play a role in development of the skeleton. ... COL27A1 is a type XXVII collagen. It was discovered by James Pace. This gene appears to be turned on in cartilage, the eye, and ... Fibrillar collagens, such as COL27A1, compose one of the most ancient families of extracellular matrix molecules. They form ... Collagen alpha-1 (XXVII) chain (COL27A1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL27A1 gene. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_XXVII,_alpha_1

... related to type XI collagen and it is possible that the collagen chains of types V and XI constitute a single collagen type ... Fibrillar collagen molecules are trimers that can be composed of one or more types of alpha chains. Type V collagen is found in ... type I collagen and appears to regulate the assembly of heterotypic fibers composed of both type I and type V collagen. This ... "Entrez Gene: COL5A3 collagen, type V, alpha 3". van der Rest M, Garrone R (1991). "Collagen family of proteins". FASEB J. 5 (13 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_V,_alpha_3

... of type IV collagen in synovial capillaries by immunohistochemistry using a monoclonal antibody against human type IV collagen ... Collagen Type-IV collagen Alport syndrome GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000188153 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl ... "Entrez Gene: COL4A5 collagen, type IV, alpha 5 (Alport syndrome)". Lemmink HH, Schröder CH, Monnens LA, Smeets HJ (1997). "The ... Like the other members of the type IV collagen gene family, this gene is organized in a head-to-head conformation with another ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_IV,_alpha_5

... or collagen IV NC1 domain) is a duplicated domain present at the C-terminus of type IV collagens. Each type IV collagen ... Structural basis for type IV collagen assembly in basement membranes". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (34): 31142-53. doi:10.1074/jbc. ... In molecular biology, the type IV collagen C4 domain ( ... The collagen IV C4 domain is composed of two similarly folded ... domain of human placenta collagen IV shows stabilization via a novel type of covalent Met-Lys cross-link". Proc. Natl. Acad. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_IV_collagen_C4_domain

This protein is an alpha chain of type VI collagen that aids in microfibril formation. As part of type VI collagen, this ... This gene encodes the alpha 3 chain, one of the three alpha chains of type VI collagen, a beaded filament collagen found in ... "The 1.6 A structure of Kunitz-type domain from the alpha 3 chain of human type VI collagen". Journal of Molecular Biology. 246 ... "Anisotropic behaviour of the C-terminal Kunitz-type domain of the alpha3 chain of human type VI collagen at atomic resolution ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_VI,_alpha_3

... also known as COL28A1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL28A1 gene. This protein ... "COL28A1 collagen, type XXVIII, alpha 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2015-09-25. v t e ... belongs to a class of collagens that contain von Willebrand factor type A domains. The protein is encoded by the COL28A1 gene ... Veit G, Kobbe B, Keene DR, Paulsson M, Koch M, Wagener R (Feb 2006). "Collagen XXVIII, a novel von Willebrand factor A domain- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_XXVIII,_alpha_1

... chain of type II collagen. This gene encodes the alpha-1 chain of type II collagen, a fibrillar collagen found in cartilage and ... "A COL2A1 mutation in achondrogenesis type II results in the replacement of type II collagen by type I and III collagens in ... type 2 by affecting tissues that are rich in type II collagen. Platyspondylic lethal skeletal dysplasia, Torrance type:Fewer ... chain that cannot be incorporated into type II collagen fibers. As a result, cells make a reduced amount of type II collagen. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_II,_alpha_1

This gene encodes the alpha chain of type XIX collagen, a member of the FACIT collagen family (fibril-associated collagens with ... other members of this collagen family are found in association with fibril-forming collagens such as type I and II, and serve ... collagen (COL12A1), alpha 1(IX) collagen (COL9A1), and alpha 1(XIX) collagen (COL19A1) to human chromosome 6q12-q13". Genomics ... "Entrez Gene: COL19A1 collagen, type XIX, alpha 1". Yoshioka H, Zhang H, Ramirez F, et al. (1992). "Synteny between the loci for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_XIX,_alpha_1

"Entrez Gene: COL14A1 collagen, type XIV, alpha 1 (undulin)". "COL14A1 - Collagen alpha-1(XIV) chain precursor - Homo sapiens ( ... 2005). "Collagen types XII and XIV are present in basement membrane zones during human embryonic development". J. Mol. Histol. ... Tono-Oka S, Tanase S, Miike T, Tanaka H (1996). "Transient expression of collagen type XIV during muscle development and its ... Collagen alpha-1(XIV) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL14A1 gene. It likely plays a role in collagen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen,_type_XIV,_alpha_1

Several types of catenins work with N-cadherins to play an important role in learning and memory. Cell-cell adhesion complexes ... Spivey KA, Chung I, Banyard J, Adini I, Feldman HA, Zetter BR (October 2011). "A role for collagen XXIII in cancer cell ... For instance, higher levels of collagen XXIII have been associated with higher levels of catenins in cells. These heightened ... levels of collagen helped facilitate adhesions and anchorage-independent cell growth and provided evidence of collagen XXIII's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catenin

Due to its many twists and turns, it is a common place for a type of horse colic called an impaction. The small colon is 3.0 to ... Once a tendon is damaged the tendon will always be weaker, because the collagen fibres tend to line up in random arrangements ... As tendons develop they lay down collagen, which is the main structural protein of connective tissue. As tendons pass near bony ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equine_anatomy

Fluoride-containing toothpaste can be classified into two types, namely low-fluoride and high-fluoride toothpaste. Low-fluoride ... SDF, in addition to performing the functions of conventional topical fluorides, is suggested to have collagen-conserving ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topical_fluoride

... such as expression of several types of collagens and protein vimentin, a part of cytoskeletal filaments. Unlike fibroblasts, ... Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) represent a specialised cell type located inside joints in the synovium. These cells play a ... 2010). "Platelets Amplify Inflammation in Arthritis via Collagen-Dependent Microparticle Production". Science. 327 (5965): 580- ... The inner layer is mainly composed of two cell types, specialized macrophages (macrophage-like synovial cells) and fibroblast- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroblast-like_synoviocyte

"Cytoskeletal protein PSTPIP1 directs the PEST-type protein tyrosine phosphatase to the c-Abl kinase to mediate Abl ... is constitutively tyrosine phosphorylated and associated with src homologous and collagen gene (SHC) in chronic myelogenous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABL_(gene)

While there may be some validity to the idea that for various types of specific damage detailed below that are by-products of ... Chemical damage to structural proteins can lead to loss of function; for example, damage to collagen of blood vessel walls can ... With respect to specific types of chemical damage caused by metabolism, it is suggested that damage to long-lived biopolymers, ... Horvath S (2013). "DNA methylation age of human tissues and cell types". Genome Biology. 14 (10): R115. doi:10.1186/gb-2013-14- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senescence

The use of this type of product on a daily basis gradually enhances the exfoliation of the epidermis. This exposes newer skin ... Epidermal growth factor, to stimulate cell renewal and collagen production in the skin, and strengthen elasticity and structure ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-aging_product

Excessive pronation of the foot (over 5 degrees) in the subtalar joint is a type of mechanical mechanism that can lead to ... This lack of blood supply can lead to the degradation of collagen fibers and inflammation. Tightness in the calf muscles has ... It is also a known side effect of fluoroquinolone antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, as are other types of tendinitis. Swelling ... Increased water content and disorganized collagen matrix in tendon lesions may be detected by ultrasonography or magnetic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achilles_tendinitis

It is also unlikely that Paleolithic hunter-gatherers were affected by modern diseases of affluence such as type 2 diabetes, ... 19 February 2019). "Exceptionally high δ15N values in collagen single amino acids confirm Neandertals as high-trophic level ... For instance, archaeological evidence from art and bear remains reveals that the bear cult apparently involved a type of ... collagen samples shed new light on their debated diet". Science Daily. Retrieved 21 February 2019. Wilford, John Noble (18 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleolithic

CDG syndrome type 1A CDG syndrome type 1B CDG syndrome type 1C CDG syndrome type 2 CDG syndrome type 3 CDG syndrome type 4 CDK4 ... hemolytic anemia Cold contact urticaria Cold urticaria Cole carpenter syndrome Coleman-Randall syndrome Colitis Collagen ... Tooth disease type 1C Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B1 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type ... disease type 2C Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2D Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4A Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diseases_(C)

This downregulation sees the removal of post-transcriptional repression of TGF-β1 and TGF-β receptor type II (TGF-βRII), and ... consequent collagen production. miR-590 downregulation has further been shown to be mediated by activation of alpha-7 nicotinic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir-590_microRNA_precursor_family

A degenerative breakdown of collagen, elastin, and smooth muscle caused by aging contributes to weakening of the wall of the ... There is also increased risk of aortic dissection.[citation needed] Types include: It is sometimes called "Erdheim cystic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familial_thoracic_aortic_aneurysm

Shinohara ML, Kim J-H, Garcia VA, Cantor H. Engagement of the Type I interferon receptor on dendritic cells inhibits promotion ... Mobilization of natural killer cells inhibits development of collagen-induced arthritis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011;108:14584 ... an early component of type 1 (cell-mediated) immunity. Science 287: 860-864. †Panoutsakopoulou V, †Sanchirico ME, Huster KM, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvey_Cantor

Tuberous sclerosis is also associated with a second type of angiofibroma, adenoma sebaceum, also termed facial angiofibroma, in ... spindle-shaped or star-shaped fibroblasts and ectatic blood vessels in a dense collagen fiber connective tissue background. In ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koenen's_tumor

Plenz GA, Deng MC, Robenek H, Völker W (2003). "Vascular collagens: spotlight on the role of type VIII collagen in ... integrin upon release from keratinocytes migrating on type I collagen". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (31): 29368-74. doi:10.1074/jbc. ... They are found on a wide variety of cell types including T cells (the NKT cells), NK cells, fibroblasts and platelets. ... Expression of CD49b in conjunction with LAG-3 has been used to identify type 1 regulatory (Tr1) cells. The DX5 monoclonal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrin_alpha_2

There are two types of striated muscle: Cardiac muscle (heart muscle) Skeletal muscle (muscle attached to the skeleton) ... The perimysium organizes the muscle fibers, which are encased in collagen and endomysium, into fascicles. Each muscle fiber ... Based on their contractile and metabolic phenotypes, skeletal muscle can be classified as slow-oxidative (Type I) or fast- ... oxidative (Type II). Cardiac muscle lies between the epicardium and the endocardium in the heart. Cardiac muscle cells ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striated_muscle_tissue

The ISneck domain is a type of neck domain. There are two types of ISneck domain. This first is an ISneck which is interrupted ... Nummelin H, Merckel MC, Leo JC, Lankinen H, Skurnik M, Goldman A (2004). "The Yersinia adhesin YadA collagen-binding domain ... There are several types of head domain. Each domain helps the head to bind to a different component of the extracellular matrix ... There are two types of stalk domain: the FGG domain and the right-handed stalk domain. Structure: The structure of this protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimeric_autotransporter_adhesin

Protein sequencing of the material showed it to be collagen. In November 2010, hunter David Bradt stumbled on an elasmosaur ... There are four major types of habitat within the refuge: river bottom, riparian zones and wetlands, shoreline, and upland ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_M._Russell_National_Wildlife_Refuge

... mice made deficient in LECT2 using a gene knockout method developed more severe osteoarthritis induced by anti-type II collagen ... and other types of inflammation-related disorders; the metabolic syndrome and diabetes; and various types of liver disease. The ... Mice made deficient in the Lect2 gene were compared to wild-type mice in a model of high fatty acid diet-induced obesity and ... Several cell types or tissues, e.g. osteoblasts, chondrocytes, cardiac tissue, gastrointestinal smooth muscle cells, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LECT2

At high temperatures, the rate of collagen loss will be accelerated and extreme pH can cause collagen swelling and accelerated ... The study of diagenesis in rocks is used to understand the geologic history they have undergone and the nature and type of ... During this phase, most bone collagen is lost and porosity is increased. The dissolution of the mineral phase caused by low pH ... Due to the increase in porosity of bones through collagen loss, the bone becomes susceptible to hydrolytic infiltration where ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagenesis

This strength comes from the type IV collagen in between the endothelial and epithelial cells. Damage can occur to this barrier ... It is formed by the type I pneumocytes of the alveolar wall, the endothelial cells of the capillaries and the basement membrane ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood–air_barrier

A polyproline helix is a type of protein secondary structure which occurs in proteins comprising repeating proline residues. A ... This structure is somewhat similar to that adopted in the fibrous protein collagen, which is composed mainly of proline, ... most commonly in the first residue of a type II β-turn. The "mirror image" PPII backbone dihedral angles (75°, -150°) are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyproline_helix

This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction Hydrolysis of proteins including elastin, collagen types III and IV, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudolysin

Collagen fibers have about a 4% elastic zone where fibers stretch out with increased load on the joint. However, exceeding this ... type of cold compress that is activated similarly to a blood pressure cuff) have been effective in reducing swelling and ... Ligaments are tough, inelastic fibers made of collagen that connect two or more bones to form a joint and are important for ... Chronic sprains are caused by repetitive movements leading to overuse.[citation needed] Ligaments are collagen fibers that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprain

The most widely used substance, gluteraldehyde crosslinked collagen (GAX collagen) proved to be of value in many patients. The ... This type of intervention can take a person months to learn and would not be a therapy option for people who are not physically ... There is no evidence that one type of incontinence pad is superior with regard to skin health. A pessary is a medical device ... Rortveit, G.; Hannestad, Y. S.; Daltveit, A. K.; Hunskaar, S. (December 2001). "Age- and type-dependent effects of parity on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_incontinence

Substantial collagen bundles anchor the dermis to the hypodermis in a way that permits most areas of the skin to move freely ... It is essentially composed of a type of cell known as adipocytes, which are specialized in accumulating and storing fats. These ... It is composed of dense irregular connective tissue and areolar connective tissue such as a collagen with elastin arranged in a ... It invaginates into the dermis and is attached to the latter, immediately above it, by collagen and elastin fibers. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integumentary_system

There are numerous types of liposuction. Some can be described as techniques or modalities. Often surgeons will use two or more ... Referred to as Smart Lipo, this technique uses laser technology to coagulate and tighten the skin and boost collagen ... Referred to as "a vibrating cannula" in research studies, PAL uses a specific type of wand that creates an up and down, ... Liposuction, or simply lipo, is a type of fat-removal procedure used in plastic surgery. Evidence does not support an effect on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liposuction

... is a type of receptor which binds one or more signaling peptides or signaling proteins. An example ... Asprosin Bombesin Calcitonin Carnosine CART CLIP DSIP Enteroglucagon Formyl peptide GALP GIP GRP Integrin ligands collagens ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signaling_peptide_receptor

Eye surgery List of surgeries by type Cillino, S; Pace F Di; Cillino G; Casuccio A (Sep 2011). "Biodegradable collagen matrix ... Bleb leak - may cause flat bleb; leaking blebs can be revised with the use of ologen collagen matrix or bandage contact lens ... Dietlein TS, Rosentreter A. "Secondary subconjunctival implantation of biodegradable porous collagen matrix for treating ocular ... the use of biodegradable spacer or ologen collagen matrix implant may be implemented. Trabeculectomy is the most common ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trabeculectomy

Type II Collagen. Type II Collagen. - See: collagen. - Discussion:. - accounts for over 50 percent of the dry wt of cartilage; ... type II collagen mutations:. - mutations in type II collagen as a cause of chondrodysplasias:. - chondrodysplasias are highly ... type II collagen is also found in small amounts in vitreous gel and in a number of other tissues during early development;. - ... since the strength of cartilage depends largely on presence of fibrils of type II collagen, it is possible that some. chondro- ...

https://www.wheelessonline.com/muscles-tendons/type-ii-collagen/

Discover the benefits of native type II collagen for convenient and low-dose supplements. ... Collagen is becoming increasingly popular in the joint health market. ... This is why hydrolysed collagen is also known as collagen peptides, or denatured type II collagen. Native type II collagen is ... Native type II collagen has been shown to help modulate the immune response against endogenous type II collagen through its ...

https://www.nutraingredients.com/News/Promotional-Features/MAKING-MOVES-IN-JOINT-HEALTH-WITH-NATIVE-TYPE-II-COLLAGEN

... indicate that adhesion and migration of lens epithelial cells occurs in response to the lens capsule proteins type IV collagen ... Type IV collagen, laminin, and fibronectin promote the adhesion and migration of rabbit lens epithelial cells in vitro Invest ... Type IV collagen promotes maximal in vitro adhesion of rabbit lens epithelial cells at lower coating concentrations in ... the adhesion of rabbit lens epithelial cells to surfaces coated with varying concentrations of type IV collagen, laminin, and ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8360016/

Collagens are divided into two classes - fibril (types I, II, III, V) and non-fibril (types IV, VI). Type V collagen is a minor ... Collagen is the main structural protein in the extracellular space and is the most abundant protein in the ECM. ... Collagens are divided into two classes - fibril (types I, II, III, V) and non-fibril (types IV, VI). Type V collagen is a minor ... 1280-02S). Purified collagen was detected with Goat Anti-Type I Collagen-UNLB (SB Cat. No. 1310-01), Goat Anti-Type II Collagen ...

https://www.southernbiotech.com/products/bovine-type-v-collagen-solution-1280-02s

BioCell Collagen® - Hydrolyzed Type II - 120 Veg Capsules Great Collagen Alternative. 5 * ... BioCell Collagen® 1 g (1‚000mg) / *. (Proprietary Chicken Sternal Cartilage Extract‚ providing). Hydrolyzed Type II Collagen ... NOW BioCell Collagen® - Hydrolyzed Type II - 120 Veg Capsules Shop all NOW products ... BioCell Collagen® is a versatile nutritional supplement that supports both joint health and moisture retention in mature skin. ...

https://www.pureformulas.com/biocell-collagen-hydrolyzed-type-ii-120-veg-capsules-by-now.html

Hydrolyzed collagen is a collagen that is derived from bovine bone and cartilage. Hydrolyzed collagen in the dried form, can be ... Hydrolyzed collagen Market Status, Segment by Region, Type and Future Forecast Until 2028. Published: Mon Jul 15 2019 ... Hydrolyzed collagen Market Status, Segment by Region, Type and Future Forecast Until 2028 ... Hydrolyzed collagen is a pure protein form for a healthy diet which is easily digestible and highly bioavailable. It contains ...

https://www.clickpress.com/releases/Detailed/802926005cp.shtml

Urinary type II collagen C-terminal peptide is associated with synovitis and predicts structural bone loss in very early ... Urinary type II collagen C-terminal peptide is associated with synovitis and predicts structural bone loss in very early ... high levels of the cartilage turnover biomarker C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II) predict an ...

https://ard.bmj.com/content/70/2/331?with-ds=yes

Table 221 Vitamin D Market Size, by Type, 2020-2025 (USD Million). Table 222 Collagen Market Size, by Source, 2019-2026 (USD ... Bone & Joint Health Supplements Market by Type (Vitamin D, Vitamin K, Calcium, Collagen, Omega 3-Fatty Acid, Glucosamine- ... Bone & Joint Health Supplements Market by Type (Vitamin D, Vitamin K, Calcium, Collagen, Omega 3-Fatty Acid, Glucosamine- ... 7.5 Collagen. 7.5.1 Rise in the Aging Popluation in Developed Countries Contributes to Higher Growth of the Collagen Market in ...

https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5615355/bone-and-joint-health-supplements-market-by-type?utm_source=CI&utm_medium=PressRelease&utm_code=wzsn7m&utm_campaign=1720698+-+Bone+%26+Joint+Supplement+Market+to+Reach+%2417.6+Billion+by+2027&utm_exec=como322prd

Type XVIII collagen is a homotrimeric basement membrane molecule of unknown function, whose COOH-terminal NC1 domain contains ... The NC1/Endostatin Domain of Caenorhabditis elegans Type XVIII Collagen Affects Cell Migration and Axon Guidance. ... "The NC1/Endostatin Domain of Caenorhabditis elegans Type XVIII Collagen Affects Cell Migration and Axon Guidance." Journal of ... The Caenorhabditis elegans collagen XVIII homologue, cle-1, encodes three developmentally regulated protein isoforms expressed ...

https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/handle/1808/15182

... matrix metalloproteinase-derived fragments of type II collagen) and hsCRP (high sensitive C-reactive protein) were quantified ... monoclonal antibody was developed as a biomarker of chondrocyte hypertrophy through measurement of type X collagen (ColX). The ... The data suggest that chondrocyte hypertrophy and subsequent collagen X fragmentation seem to be increased in a subset of ... Differential susceptibility of type X collagen to cleavage by two mammalian interstitial collagenases and 72-kDa type IV ...

https://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2474-15-309

The results show that the three-dimensional silk fibroin-typeⅡ collagen scaffold has good porosity and water absorption, which ... Theoretical Prediction and Experimental Testing of Mechanical Properties for 3D Printed Silk Fibroin-Type II Collagen Scaffolds ... 2018). Theoretical Prediction and Experimental Testing of Mechanical Properties for 3D Printed Silk Fibroin-Type II Collagen ... Theoretical Prediction and Experimental Testing of Mechanical Properties for 3D Printed Silk Fibroin-Type II Collagen Scaffolds ...

https://www.techscience.com/mcb/v15n2/28615

Collagen Casing, Cellulose Casing, Plastic Casing, Fibrous Casing, Value Added Casing, Textile Casing, and Net Casing) and ... 5. Artificial Casings Market, by Type. 5.1. Introduction. 5.2. Collagen Casing. 5.2.1. Edible Collagen Casing. 5.2.2. Non- ... Table 5 Global Collagen Casings Market Size, by Type, 2017-2025 (USD Million). Table 6 Collagen Casings Market Size, by Country ... Artificial Casings Market by Type (Collagen Casing, Cellulose Casing, Plastic Casing, Fibrous Casing, Value Added Casing, ...

https://www.marketresearch.com/Meticulous-Research-v4061/Artificial-Casings-Type-Collagen-Casing-12643166/

... a Domain Homologous to a Noncollagenous Region of Type Ix Collagen, and Short Collagenous Domains with an Arg-Gly-Asp Site ... The Complete Primary Structure of Type Xii Collagen Shows a Chimeric Molecule with Reiterated Fibronectin Type Iii Motifs, von ... The α1 chain of chick type VI collagen is a hybrid molecule made of one short collagen and three bon Willebrand factor type A- ... The alpha 1 chain of chick type vi collagen is a hybrid molecule made of one short collagen and three von willebrand factor ...

https://eurekamag.com/research/068/113/068113467.php

Type XII and XIV collagens associate with type I and type II fibrils. (Homo sapiens) * Collagen type I,II:XII,XIV fibrils [ ... Collagen type XII, XIV fibrils [extracellular region] (Homo sapiens) * Collagen type XIV [extracellular region] (Homo sapiens) ... Collagen type XII, XIV fibrils [extracellular region] (Homo sapiens) * Collagen type XIV [extracellular region] (Homo sapiens) ... Collagen formation (Homo sapiens) * Assembly of collagen fibrils and other multimeric structures (Homo sapiens) * ...

https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-8944207

O29 Bone turnover in pregnancy, measured by urinary C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), is influenced by vitamin D ... O29 Bone turnover in pregnancy, measured by urinary C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), is influenced by vitamin D ... O29 Bone turnover in pregnancy, measured by urinary C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), is influenced by vitamin D ... title = "O29 Bone turnover in pregnancy, measured by urinary C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), is influenced by ...

https://research-portal.uea.ac.uk/en/publications/o29-bone-turnover-in-pregnancy-measured-by-urinary-c-terminal-tel

... whereas alpha2beta1 has a higher affinity for collagen types I-III than for type IV. Integrin alpha10beta1 binds collagen types ... binding to type III is weaker and collagens IV and VI are poor ligands (Zhang et al. 2003). Binding to collagen type I occurs ... Platelet Adhesion to exposed collagen (Homo sapiens) * Collagen type I binds integrin alpha1beta1, alpha2beta1, alpha10beta1 ( ... Integrin alpha1beta1 binds to collagen type IV and VI with higher affinity than to types I-III, ...

http://www.reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-114563

Publication Type : Journal Article. Thematic Areas : Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine. Publisher : Int J Biol Macromol, ... This review summarizes the current state of the field by outlining composite scaffolds made of gelatin/collagen in combination ... Abstract : Bone is a natural composite material consisting of an organic phase (collagen) and a mineral phase (calcium ... Biomimetic composite scaffolds containing bioceramics and collagen/gelatin for bone tissue engineering - A mini review.. ...

https://www.amrita.edu/publication/biomimetic-composite-scaffolds-containing-bioceramics-and-collagen-gelatin-for-bone-tissue-engineering-a-mini-review/

Collagen Types 1 & 3 with Peptan 500 Mg from Doctors Best is a dietary supplement that supports bones and joint health and ... from hydrolyzed collagen types 1 and 3). Vitamin C (as calcium ascorbate) 30mg (33%). Hydrolyzed Collagen Types 1 and 3 2g ( ... Support Healthy Bones and Joints with Collagen Types 1 & 3. Collagen Types 1 & 3 with Peptan from Doctors Best is a dietary ... Collagen Types 1 & 3 with Peptan 500 Mg from Doctors Best is a science-based dietary supplement of pure collagen protein for ...

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BONE TURNOVER IN PREGNANCY, MEASURED BY URINARY C-TERMINAL TELOPEPTIDE OF TYPE I COLLAGEN (CTX), IS INFLUENCED BY VITAMIN D ... BONE TURNOVER IN PREGNANCY, MEASURED BY URINARY C-TERMINAL TELOPEPTIDE OF TYPE I COLLAGEN (CTX), IS INFLUENCED BY VITAMIN D ...

https://www.ndorms.ox.ac.uk/publications/1199304

Maximal migration of human smooth muscle cells on fibronectin and type IV collagen occurs at an intermediate attachment ... and type IV collagen (CnIV). Initial attachment strength was measured in order to characterize short time-scale cell-substratum ... Maximal migration of human smooth muscle cells on fibronectin and type IV collagen occurs at an intermediate attachment ...

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Hydrogel-Hydroxyapatite-Monomeric Collagen type-I scaffold with low-frequency EMF treatment has the potential to enhance ... In this study, a composite scaffold made of Hydroxyapatite-Collagen type-I (HAC) and PLGA-PEG-PLGA thermogel was produced to ... and monomeric Collagen type I (Col1) in accordance with our previous study [44]. The collagen (3 g) was mixed with HA (2.5 g) ... Yan, J., Liu, C., Tu, C. et al. Hydrogel-hydroxyapatite-monomeric collagen type-I scaffold with low-frequency electromagnetic ...

https://stemcellres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13287-021-02638-6

Collagen is a nutritional supplement sometimes used to help treat arthritis, but the research on its effectiveness is mixed. ... Types of Collagen Natural Collagen There are 16 types of collagen, with the most common types in the body being: ... Health Benefits of Collagen for Arthritis Collagen type II is most often used to treat pain in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid ... Undenatured collagen is not broken down into smaller proteins or amino acids. Undenatured type II collagen (UC-II) is not ...

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In this protease substrate, collagen is heavily labeled with FITC, resulting in almost total quenching of the conjugates ... In this protease substrate, collagen is heavily… ... This fluoresceinated collagen is useful for detecting MMP-1 ...

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ELISA Grade Mouse Type II Collagen with 10X Buffer. Product Name. ELISA Grade Mouse Type II Collagen with 10X Buffer. ... Mouse Anti-Mouse Type II Collagen IgG Antibody Assay Kit, OPD $500.00. Add To Cart. ... Mouse Anti-Mouse Type II Collagen IgG Antibody Assay Kit, TMB $500.00. Add To Cart. ... Citrullinated mouse collagen administered to DBA/1J mice in the absence of adjuvant initiates arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol, ...

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Targeting collagen P4H is a promising strategy to inhibit tumor progression and sensitize TNBC to chemotherapeutic agents. ... expression and collagen hydroxylation in cancer cells are necessary for breast cancer progression. Here, we show that P4H alpha ... Collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4H) expression and collagen hydroxylation in cancer cells are necessary for breast cancer ... Targeting collagen P4H is a promising strategy to inhibit tumor progression and sensitize TNBC to chemotherapeutic agents. ...

https://uknowledge.uky.edu/markey_facpub/127/

Analysis of the Gene for Cartilege-Specific Type-II Collagen in Kniest Disease ...

https://serval.unil.ch/en/notice/serval:BIB_293BC38F7017

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The global impact of COVID-19 impact has been unprecedented and staggering with the Benelux collagen observing a negative ... The Benelux collagen market size stood at USD 279.6 million in 2019. ... Benelux Collagen Market Size, Share & Covid-19 Impact Analysis, By Type (Hydrolyzed Collagen, Native Collagen, and Gelatin), ... It is abundant in type I and type III collagen that help in providing numerous skin benefits. It is widely used by ...

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Hydrolysed collagen is manufactured via a specific hydrolysis process, where enzymes "cut" the triple helix molecule into smaller pieces, i.e. short-chain peptides. (nutraingredients.com)
This is why hydrolysed collagen is also known as collagen peptides, or denatured type II collagen. (nutraingredients.com)
Collagen Types 1 & 3 with Peptan from Doctor's Best is a dietary supplement of pure collagen that contains protein enzymatically hydrolyzed into low molecular weight peptides for optimal utilization by the body. (nhc.com)
Peptan collagen peptides are bioactive and identical to the collagens found in human bones and skin. (nhc.com)
Collagen can be further predigested into its basic amino acids and is called collagen hydrolysate, hydrolyzed gelatin, collagen peptides, or hydrolyzed collagen. (verywellhealth.com)
MADE WITH VERISOL - Clinically studied Verisol Bioactive Collagen Peptides promote enhanced skin elasticity, promote an increase in skin collagen by as much as 60%, and support reduction of depth of eye wrinkles. (jaycfoods.com)
Suitable for all skin types, especially dry skin, it's infused with ceramides, collagen and peptides. (brownthomas.com)
Collagen deficiency is noticeable quite quickly because it is collagen peptides that affect the condition of the skin. (labosal.com)
A 2008 animal study [4] used marine collagen peptides. (labosal.com)
There are many different types of collagen on the market and they come from various sources, which include: marine, chicken, eggs, and bovine collagen peptides from cows. (amandean.com)
The ultimate collagen drink - packed with antioxidants from organic green tea and infused with hydrolyzed collagen peptides to help fight the signs of ageing, support plumper skin and less fine lines! (fusspottea.com)
Fusspot Collagen Beauty Teas are organic teas, formulated to support your skin and wellbeing, and have been infused with grass-fed bovine, hydrolyzed collagen peptides to support your skin, hair, nails, bones, joints & tendons! (fusspottea.com)
The added bonus of copper peptides aids at improving skin health, decreasing inflammation and improving collagen production. (agirlsgottaspa.com)

[1] Of the 28 different types of collagen that have been identified, type II collagen is the main structural protein in cartilage. (nutraingredients.com)
The results of these studies indicate that adhesion and migration of lens epithelial cells occurs in response to the lens capsule proteins type IV collagen and laminin and in response to fibronectin, a protein found in the lens during embryologic development. (nih.gov)
Collagen is the main structural protein in the extracellular space and is the most abundant protein in the ECM. (southernbiotech.com)
Hydrolyzed collagen is a pure protein form for a healthy diet which is easily digestible and highly bioavailable. (clickpress.com)
The Caenorhabditis elegans collagen XVIII homologue, cle-1, encodes three developmentally regulated protein isoforms expressed predominantly in neurons. (ku.edu)
The levels of C-Col10, C2M (matrix metalloproteinase-derived fragments of type II collagen) and hsCRP (high sensitive C-reactive protein) were quantified by ELISAs in serum of 271 OA patients stratified by Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) score 0-4. (biomedcentral.com)
Collagen Types 1 & 3 with Peptan 500 Mg from Doctor's Best is a science-based dietary supplement of pure collagen protein for structural support of hair, skin, nails, tendons, ligaments, bones and tissues. (nhc.com)
Collagen is an important structural protein in healthy joints and is a building block of proteins in our body. (nhc.com)
To ensure optimal collagen absorption, avoid taking protein supplements within one hour of consumption. (nhc.com)
Collagen is a protein that is found in many parts of the body, including the cartilage between bones. (verywellhealth.com)
Since collagen is made up of amino acids, the building blocks of protein, it has been hypothesized that the body can use the amino acids in collagen supplements to protect and rebuild joint cartilage that has been damaged by osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). (verywellhealth.com)
Collagen is known as the most abundant protein in the body. (verywellhealth.com)
Collagen is an abundantly found structural protein present in the extracellular matrix of various connective tissues in the animal and human body. (fortunebusinessinsights.com)
Collagen is also utilized as an ingredient in various powdery dietary supplements due to its high protein content and beneficial role in metabolism, which is expected to drive its growth. (fortunebusinessinsights.com)
Although improving the look of skin is one of the most common reasons people use collagen products, supplements containing the protein may be beneficial to numerous different types of conditions. (wisegeek.net)
These genes each provide instructions for making one component of a protein called type VI collagen. (medlineplus.gov)
In diet and supplementation, collagen plays an important role - a complete protein with a high content of amino acids (including glycine or proline), which is a fundamental element of connective tissue. (labosal.com)
The lack of collagen protein in the skin contributes to i.a. to the deterioration of its elasticity, problems with proper hydration and an increased tendency to dry out or a decrease in its firmness. (labosal.com)
In fact, just like humans, collagen accounts for 30% of a dog's total protein, making it the most abundant protein in your dog's body! (amandean.com)
Beef gelatin powder is another versatile source of collagen protein that you can add to your dog's nutrition and it can act as a thickener in high protein and homemade dog treats and snacks! (amandean.com)
Collagen is the main structural protein in the extracellular space in the various connective tissues in human bodies. (hellohoneybeautyco.com)
You need vitamin C to support collagen synthesis, the process in which the human body makes collagen protein. (kimmel.life)
But knowing the factors you can control, like avoiding UV damage and doing your best to support your collagen production-by taking a hydrolysed collagen supplement like our KIMMEL collagen protein bars -can go a long way toward giving you healthy-looking, firm skin in the future. (kimmel.life)

Objectives In rheumatoid arthritis, high levels of the cartilage turnover biomarker C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II) predict an increased risk of radiological progression. (bmj.com)

Type XII and XIV collagens associate with type I and type II fibrils. (reactome.org)
The strength of bone is attributed to the apatite, while the collagen fibrils are responsible for the toughness and visco-elasticity. (amrita.edu)
One of the main families of ECM proteins are the collagens (currently 28 different types in humans) among which the fibrillar collagens (types I, II, III, V and XI) constitute the classical periodically banded fibrils seen by electron microscopy 2 . (nature.com)
cychcal loading by increasing the alignment of collagen fibrils, hence accelerating the remodelling process. (ucl.ac.uk)

Gelatin and hydrolyzed collagen have been broken down from large proteins to smaller bits. (verywellhealth.com)
Undenatured collagen is not broken down into smaller proteins or amino acids. (verywellhealth.com)
However, it is worth knowing that in the group of collagen proteins, there are as many as 28 different proteins - in the context of skin health and condition, the most important role is played by collagen types I (80% content) and III (about 15% content). (labosal.com)
Proteins of animal origin are used in dietary supplements containing collagen. (labosal.com)
The high level of bioavailability of fish collagen proteins is due to the fact that its structural structure. (labosal.com)
Marine collagen proteins are in the form of a triple helix [3], which means that it is extremely similar to the collagen found in human skin. (labosal.com)
In the context of beauty and the fight against imperfections, the best choice will be preparations containing marine collagen proteins. (labosal.com)
1. FIBROBLASTS: secrete proteins of extracellular fibers, like collagen. (scienceoutlined.com)

Tough bundles of collagen, called collagen fibers, support most of the body's tissues and can be found inside and outside cells. (verywellhealth.com)
In addition, it is also worth mentioning that the chemical bonds between the individual fibers are much rarer than in pork or beef collagen. (labosal.com)
These are the result of the collagen fibers in the vitreous clumping together. (centreforsight.net)
They are bundles of fibers containing 3 collagen fibers each. (scienceoutlined.com)
The infiltrative subtype is aggressive and is characterized microscopically by tumor cells infiltrating into the dermis as strands between the collagen fibers. (medscape.com)

Many people therefore take collagen supplements to preserve their skin health. (verywellhealth.com)
turquoise-- I take collagen supplements regularly. (wisegeek.net)
For dogs and humans alike, when we take collagen supplements it gets broken down into its amino acids glycine and proline. (amandean.com)

Collagen is the main component of connective tissues that make up tendons, ligaments, skin and cartilage. (nutraingredients.com)
Although it has many important functions in the body, collagen is best known for its structural role - providing a framework for tissues throughout the body. (nutraingredients.com)
A fibrillar collagen found widely distributed as a minor component in tissues that contain COLLAGEN TYPE I and COLLAGEN TYPE III. (uchicago.edu)
While a homotrimeric form (three α1 chains) has been reported in embryonic tissues as well as in diseases (cancer, fibrosis, genetic disorders), collagen type I usually occurs as a heterotrimer (two α1 chains and one α2 chain). (nature.com)
Different composition of alpha-chains and different glycosylation contribute to the high variability of collagens in different tissues and organs. (exalpha.com)
1% sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ) dis- ions in tissues such as collagen or muscle. (who.int)
Collagen is crucial to maintaining the structure and elasticity of your pets' skin, ligaments, joints, muscles, and connective tissues. (amandean.com)
Collagen is found in the connective tissues of animal foods. (kimmel.life)

Hydrolyzed collagen is a collagen that is derived from bovine bone and cartilage. (clickpress.com)
In this study, a composite scaffold made of Hydroxyapatite-Collagen type-I (HAC) and PLGA-PEG-PLGA thermogel was produced to match the cartilage and subchondral layers in osteochondral defects, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
Articular cartilage is mainly composed of chondrocytes and the extracellular matrix (ECM), such as aggrecan and collagen type 2 (Col2) with complex hierarchical structure [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Similarly, low collagen levels can loosen cartilage and tendons, making them more vulnerable to injuries. (verywellhealth.com)
Chicken collagen contains the chemicals chondroitin and glucosamine, which may help rebuild cartilage. (verywellhealth.com)
Collagen type VI is found as 5-10 nm diameter microfibrils (periodicity 100 nm) e.g. in placenta, skin, cartilage and cornea. (exalpha.com)
1. Ronzière M.C., Ricard-Blum S., Tiollier J., Hartmann D.J., Garrone R., Herbage D. (1990) Comparative analysis of collagens solubilized from human foetal, and normal and osteoarthritic adult articular cartilage, with emphasis on type VI collagen. (exalpha.com)
Cartilage is made of water (70%) and a type II collagen framework with proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans (consisting mainly of aggrecan and also chondroitin), produced by chondrocytes. (bmj.com)
Bone broth naturally contains bovine collagen because it is cooked using the bones and cartilage of cows. (amandean.com)
Types I and III provide structure to the skin, muscles and ligaments, while type II is found predominantly in cartilage. (kimmel.life)

Researchers have described several forms of collagen VI-related dystrophy, which range in severity: Bethlem muscular dystrophy is the mildest, an intermediate form is moderate in severity, and Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy is the most severe. (medlineplus.gov)
Variants (also known as mutations) in the COL6A1 , COL6A2 , and COL6A3 genes can cause the various forms of collagen VI-related dystrophy. (medlineplus.gov)
Several forms of collagen type V exist depending upon the composition of the subunits that form the trimer. (uchicago.edu)
Marine Collagen and other forms of collagen - what is worth choosing? (labosal.com)

The Collagen X Fragment Elisa reagent is RUO (Research Use Only) to test human serum or cell culture lab samples. (vegf-a.com)
Description: A sandwich ELISA for quantitative measurement of Goat Collagen Type X in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. (vegf-a.com)
During the Dermapen treatment we infuse a professional Hyaluronic Acid serum to ensure your skin not only benefits from the Collagen Induction Therapy, but is plump and hydrated. (hellohoneybeautyco.com)
Extra Whitening Guanjing Nicotinamide Collagen Face Serum - is backordered and will ship as soon as it is back in stock. (thewomenwears.com)

Hydrolyzed collagen in the dried form, can be reconstituted and can be used as a gelatin food product. (clickpress.com)
When collagen is boiled for a long time, it turns into gelatin. (verywellhealth.com)

Type XVIII collagen is a homotrimeric basement membrane molecule of unknown function, whose COOH-terminal NC1 domain contains endostatin (ES), a potent antiangiogenic agent. (ku.edu)
The main reason behind this is that the collagen molecule is larger than the skin's pores, which means it cannot penetrate beneath the top layer of skin, where it is needed in order to be effective. (wisegeek.net)
Each procollagen molecule is a trimer, where, depending on the genetic type, the three polypeptide chains are either identical (homotrimers, as in collagens II and III) or at least one of the chains is distinct (heterotrimers, as in collagens I, V and XI). (nature.com)
Trimerization of the procollagen C-propeptides initiates intracellular assembly of the procollagen molecule while extracellular proteolytic cleavage of the N- and C-propeptides controls collagen fibril formation. (nature.com)
The basal unit of a collagen molecule consists of a triple-helical structure formed by 3 alpha-chains. (exalpha.com)

It is said that collagen supplements may help in rebuilding joints and reduce inflammation in osteoarthritis, but clinical evidence is mixed. (verywellhealth.com)
The condition is associated with injury to dermal collagen, granulomatous inflammation, and ulceration. (medscape.com)
Histopathological analysis of lung sections showed that while granulomatous inflammation was similarly induced in both exposures, CNTs caused type II pneumocyte (T2P) hyperplasia, while asbestos caused mixed-cell bronchoalveolar hyperplasia. (cdc.gov)
Yellow & Red light therapy can reduce inflammation and stimulate collagen production, improving the overall tone and texture of the skin. (studiosvisavis.com)

However, the molecular mechanisms determining homo- or heterotrimerization of these fibrillar collagens remain unknown. (nature.com)

Your body makes pro collagen by combining two amino acids - glycine and proline. (kimmel.life)

Consequently, numerous promising applications of biomimetic fabrication of collagenous biomaterials [ 9 - 11 ] in conjunction with the availability of precursor play a central role in the drive to create the bioinspired collagen-based materials. (frontiersin.org)

Scar tissue is formed when fibroblasts secrete collagens, which were analysed to assess why some hearts scar more than others. (emjreviews.com)
He further noted that Type 5 collagen regulates the stiffness of scar tissue and, without it, fibroblasts secrete more collagen to reinforce the scar and prevent expansion. (emjreviews.com)
After 90 days of treatment, it turned out that the use of fish collagen improved the antioxidant effect, and also led to an increase in skin thickness and the number of fibroblasts. (labosal.com)
IOXĒL Lightweight Gel deep-nourishes cells and revives skin layers, stimulating fibroblasts into producing new collagen. (perfumeriahortensia.com)

Skin Needling, also known as (C.I.T) Collagen Induction Therapy is the process by which we trick your skin into producing new collagen and elastin fibres- which results in smoother younger looking skin. (hellohoneybeautyco.com)
Collagen and Elastin are the two components of your dermal skin layer that at the age of 20 stop reproducing, therefore the ageing process begins. (hellohoneybeautyco.com)
Skin loses collagen and elastin as we age, which results in the drooping of our skin. (agirlsgottaspa.com)
collagen, elastin and reticular. (scienceoutlined.com)

The results show that the three-dimensional silk fibroin-typeⅡ collagen scaffold has good porosity and water absorption, which is (89.3%+3.26%) and (824.09%+93.05%), respectively. (techscience.com)
Hydrogel-Hydroxyapatite-Monomeric Collagen type-I scaffold with low-frequency EMF treatment has the potential to enhance osteochondral repair. (biomedcentral.com)
In the current study, we investigated proliferation and differentiation of neuron cancer stem cells (NCSCs) on a 3-D porous collagen scaffold that mimics the natural extracellular matrix. (edu.au)
Moreover, immunostaining with neuronal nuclei (NeuN) revealed that NCSCs grown on the 3-D collagen scaffold significantly enhanced neurite outgrowth. (edu.au)
Our findings confirmed that the 80 μm porous collagen scaffold could enhance attachment, viability and differentiation of the cancer neural stem cells. (edu.au)

Collagens are divided into two classes - fibril (types I, II, III, V) and non-fibril (types IV, VI). (southernbiotech.com)
2001). Integrin alpha11beta1 binds preferentially to the fibril-forming collagen types I and II, binding to type III is weaker and collagens IV and VI are poor ligands (Zhang et al. (reactome.org)

Widely used in beauty and cosmetics, as well as food and beverage applications, collagen is now making big moves in the joint health market, creating exciting opportunities for dietary supplement manufacturers to innovate in this sector. (nutraingredients.com)
This supplement promotes body's natural production of collagen to support bone and joint health over time. (nhc.com)
Just make sure that the collagen supplement you're buying is made for skin and not joints. (wisegeek.net)
Their most popular product is a collagen powder supplement. (wisegeek.net)
Using a supplement is the easiest means to enhance collagen degrees, aiding the body boost hydration. (ic-tennis.org)
The development of science has meant that marine collagen is mentioned more and more often, which has been used, among others, in the dietary supplement Labosal Beauty Shot . (labosal.com)
If you're already taking an unflavored non-GMO collagen supplement, you can share a couple of scoops with your pet! (amandean.com)
There's no need to buy a special supplement just for them, human-grade collagen is also safe for animals. (amandean.com)
Hydrolysed collagen (collagen hydrolysate) is a good supplement source. (kimmel.life)
Utilizing a supplement is the simplest method to boost collagen degrees, assisting the body boost hydration. (gatas-brilhantes-hp.net)

The fibrogenic response to short and long SWCNTs was assessed via oxidative stress generation, collagen expression and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) production as potential fibrosis biomarkers. (cdc.gov)
UV rays negatively impact collagen through "various mechanisms including DNA changes to the cells that make collagen as well as the production of free radicals that can affect collagen directly via oxidative stress. (kimmel.life)

Discover the benefits of native type II collagen for convenient and low-dose supplements. (nutraingredients.com)
Do Collagen Supplements Help Arthritis? (verywellhealth.com)
Do Collagen Supplements Benefit Arthritis? (verywellhealth.com)
Limited scientific evidence supports the use of collagen supplements for those suffering from arthritis or other conditions that affect the joints. (wisegeek.net)
Those considering taking collagen supplements should speak with their physicians before doing so, especially if they have a preexisting medical condition. (wisegeek.net)
I think that collagen supplements are best for arthritis type problems and collagen fillers are best for wrinkles. (wisegeek.net)
I think I agree with that, but collagen supplements are different. (wisegeek.net)
There are many different kinds of collagen and there are different supplements for different purposes. (wisegeek.net)
I have never taken collagen supplements however. (wisegeek.net)
I buy cosmetics from an online Asian store and I noticed that collagen supplements are selling like hot cakes on there. (wisegeek.net)
I'm very curious about collagen supplements now. (wisegeek.net)
It might seem that the selection of preparation with collagen is not a problem, especially in times of ubiquitous access to dietary supplements. (labosal.com)
Unflavored collagen supplements are a completely safe way to boost your dog's overall health and wellness from puppy through until old age. (amandean.com)
Collagen supplements can boost collagen production in the dermis to promote hair growth and coat health. (amandean.com)
That's where collagen dietary supplements come in handy. (kimmel.life)
Recreationally active men showed that a combination of collagen peptide supplements and strength training increased muscle mass and strength. (kimmel.life)

A 2014 study conducted on Labrador retrievers found that administering hydrolyzed collagen along with hyaluronic acid, glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, and gamma oryzanol help to alleviate the symptoms and lessen the occurrence of elbow dysplasia, a common deformity of the elbow joint. (amandean.com)

Over the years, the most commonly used raw materials have been bovine collagen. (labosal.com)
Marine Collagen or Bovine Collagen - what to choose? (labosal.com)
Although bovine collagen is characterized by high stability and density, its large molecules and chaotic chemical structure mean that it does not show sufficient biological activity. (labosal.com)

The main reason for choosing marine collagen is its high bioavailability. (labosal.com)
As a result, marine collagen was found to have protective properties against simulated skin aging. (labosal.com)
Equally interesting results were observed in a study conducted in 2021 [6], which concerned the effectiveness of supplementation with hydrolyzed marine collagen in women between 45 and 60 years of age. (labosal.com)
We recommend our unflavored marine collagen over other sources because it is the most bioavailable source on the market. (amandean.com)

Harvey, Nicholas C. / O29 Bone turnover in pregnancy, measured by urinary C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), is influenced by vitamin D supplementation and is associated with maternal bone health: findings from the MAVIDOS trial . (uea.ac.uk)
Bone is a natural composite material consisting of an organic phase (collagen) and a mineral phase (calcium phosphate, especially hydroxyapatite). (amrita.edu)
It has been reported with other collagen hemostatic agents, that by filling porosities of cancellous bone, they may significantly reduce the bond strength of methylmethacrylate adhesives. (bd.com)
The collagen triple helix is a ubiquitous biomacromolecule used in acidic aqueous solutions as precursor in the fabrication of artificial compact bone and cornea and in tissue engineering. (frontiersin.org)
Over the past two decades, biomimetic fabrication of collagen-based biomaterials has received considerable attention in view of the abundant critical applications such as artificial bone [ 2 - 5 ] and cornea [ 6 , 7 ] reconstruction. (frontiersin.org)
Introduction and Objective: Because L-PRP constitutes an important source of growth factor that is associated with osteogenesis and fibrogenesis, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of L-PRP on the presence of collagen III and MMP-2 and MMP-9, while comparing these results by means of a histomorphometric analysis of bone matrix and fibrous deposition on bone repair. (bvsalud.org)
Thus, the aim of this study was to verify the immunolocalization of MMP-2 and -9 and collagen III in rabbit calvarium bone defects treated with and without L-PRP insertion. (bvsalud.org)
Animal products such as bone broth, gelatine, animal skin are very high in collagen. (kimmel.life)

Rabbit lens epithelial cells were isolated and grown in tissue culture for use in standardized assays to study adhesion and migration of rabbit lens epithelial cells in response to type IV collagen, laminin, fibronectin, and ovalbumin. (nih.gov)
Under these conditions, the adhesion of rabbit lens epithelial cells to surfaces coated with varying concentrations of type IV collagen, laminin, and fibronectin was shown to be dependent on concentration. (nih.gov)
Type IV collagen promotes maximal in vitro adhesion of rabbit lens epithelial cells at lower coating concentrations in comparison to laminin and fibronectin. (nih.gov)
In cell migration experiments, fibronectin promoted maximal migration at lower concentrations in comparison with laminin and type IV collagen. (nih.gov)
To determine whether an optimal strength of cell-substratum adhesive interactions exists for cell migration, we measured quantitatively both the initial attachment strength and migration speed of human smooth muscle cells (HSMCs) on a range of surface concentrations of fibronectin (Fn) and type IV collagen (CnIV). (rupress.org)

For instance, according to a research paper published by the International Journal of Pharmacy Teaching & Practices in 2017, collagen sponges, mini-pellets, gel preparations, and others were utilized as a biomaterial for drug delivery due to their biodegradable nature and synergism with other bioactive compounds present in the body. (fortunebusinessinsights.com)
A 2017 study also found that collagen can also help to manage osteoarthritis in adult dogs. (amandean.com)

SUPPORTS CELL PROTECTION - Skin supporting Vitamin C protects skin from cell-damaging free radicals and helps collagen formation in the dermis layer. (jaycfoods.com)

Scientific paper from 2016 [5] to check the anti-aging effectiveness of fish collagen with the addition of antioxidants in a group of 41 volunteers. (labosal.com)

In its natural form, collagen has a folded triple helix structure consisting of long polypeptide chains (see figure 1). (nutraingredients.com)
Type I Collagen is composed of three left-handed polypeptide helices (denoted by [α1(I)] 2 [α2(I)]) twisted together to yield a right-handed triple helix. (frontiersin.org)

To study the effect of tap water `softening' (i.e. calcium extraction) on H&E stains, 5 sets of slides from 30 different paraffin-embedded human pathologic tissue blocks were prepared in the same way except for washing with 5 different types of water. (who.int)
Afin d'étudier l'effet de l'adoucissement de l'eau du robinet (extraction du calcium) sur les colorations à l'hématoxyline et à l'éosine, cinq (5) séries de lames issues de 30 blocs de tissus pathologiques humains différents inclus en paraffine ont été préparées de la même manière, sauf pour le lavage qui a été effectué avec cinq types d'eau différents. (who.int)
La teneur faible en ions calcium et magnésium et élevée en ions sodium de l'eau douce affecte négativement les résultats de la coloration de routine à l'hématoxyline-éosine. (who.int)

We offer a green matcha collagen powder blend, a green sencha tea in biodegradable teabags blend, and a green loose leaf tea blend mixed with other herbs and plants to help you boost your skin! (fusspottea.com)

Collagen products aim to put back some of the body's natural stores or stimulate further production. (wisegeek.net)

Collagen supplementation may prove to be one of the ways to maintain optimal skin conditions. (labosal.com)
Our pets may share many of the same benefits as humans when it comes to collagen supplementation. (amandean.com)

Inhibition of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis through pre-treatment with collagen type V. J Heart Lung Transplant. (uchicago.edu)
Our results also demonstrated the key role of ROS in SWCNT-induced collagen expression and TGF-beta activation, indicating the potential mechanisms of length-dependent SWCNT-induced fibrosis. (cdc.gov)
Conclusion: Thus, the results suggest that L-PRP not only induces an intense fibrosis rich in collagen III, which is not degraded, but also suppresses MMP-2 and -9 expressions, mimicking a similar pathological event as that of a cleft-palate or cranial suture. (bvsalud.org)

[ 7 ] Trauma has been shown to have a role in the production of basement membrane alterations involving expression of type IV collagen and laminin (alpha 1), thus indicating a possible relationship between these elements and denture stomatitis. (medscape.com)

Variants in the COL6A1 , COL6A2 , and COL6A3 genes result in a decrease or lack of type VI collagen or the production of abnormal type VI collagen. (medlineplus.gov)
Changes in type VI collagen structure or production lead to an unstable extracellular matrix that is no longer attached to cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Boosts hydration levels and collagen production. (inspa.com)
Long SWCNTs were significantly more potent than short SWCNTs in terms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) response, collagen production and TGF-beta release. (cdc.gov)
Smoking reduces collagen production. (kimmel.life)
Collagen production starts to dip in most people's bodies from the time they're in their late teens or early 20s. (kimmel.life)
It too helps to destroy the bacteria and also has the side benefit of helping with the production of collagen and it also helps to reduce the size of the pores. (popthatzit.com)
IOXĒL Anti-Aging Gel is a exclusive that deeply nourishes cells and restores skin layers, boosting collagen production. (perfumeriahortensia.com)
IOXĒL Ulktralight Gel is an ultra lightweight gel that deeply hydrates cells and reinvigorates skin layers, triggering the production of new collagen. (perfumeriahortensia.com)
Fibroblast-like type B synoviocytes are involved in production of joint matrix constituents (e.g. (bvsalud.org)

Collagen helps to fortify bones, skin and teeth in both humans and dogs. (amandean.com)

Type V collagen mutations are associated with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. (southernbiotech.com)
Co-Inheritance of Functional Podocin Variants with Heterozygous Collagen IV Mutations Predisposes to Renal Failure. (cdc.gov)

The Benelux collagen market size stood at USD 279.6 million in 2019. (fortunebusinessinsights.com)

Corning™ BioCoat™ Collagen IV Rectangular Canted Neck Culture Flask is ideal for applications involving adhesion, growth and differentiation of neuronal and transfected cell lines. (fishersci.com)
2) The processes of adhesion formation and integration between interfaces was investigated using an interface model made of a cell-free and a cell-seeded collagen lattice. (ucl.ac.uk)

Vitamin C is available in several types. (nwahomepage.com)
It reduces the acidity of the ascorbic acid on its own, making it excellent if you have an extremely sensitive stomach or can't tolerate other vitamin C types due to illness. (nwahomepage.com)
There's an easy way to get more vitamin C in your diet to help produce collagen: Eat lightly cooked vegetables like brussel sprouts, spinach and broccoli, as well as fresh berries. (kimmel.life)
Four of the nutrients that help produce collagen are vitamin C, proline, glycine, and copper. (kimmel.life)

Endostatin is derived from the noncollagenous domain 1 (NC1) at the C-terminus of collagen type XVIII. (who.int)

Binding to collagen type I occurs at sites corresponding to the six-residue sequence G(F/L)OGER (Knight et al. (reactome.org)
Inside the cell, the role of the C-terminal propeptides is to gather together the correct combination of three α chains during molecular assembly, but how this occurs for different forms of the same collagen type is so far unknown. (nature.com)

Like collagen I, collagen V also exists in homotrimeric and heterotrimeric forms, which appear to have different functions in vivo 25 . (nature.com)

The collagen mask provides a boost of hydration, plumping and smoothing the skin. (studiosvisavis.com)

Type A synoviocytes are MACROPHAGES responsible for waste removal from the joint cavity. (bvsalud.org)

ELISA plate was coated with serially diluted Bovine Type V Collagen (SB Cat. (southernbiotech.com)
A competitive ELISA, C-Col10, applying a well-characterized monoclonal antibody was developed as a biomarker of chondrocyte hypertrophy through measurement of type X collagen (ColX). (biomedcentral.com)
Fragment Elisa Laboratories manufactures the collagen x fragment elisa reagents distributed by Genprice. (vegf-a.com)

The word 'collagen' comes from the Greek word for glue because it acts as a glue between cells and provides structure to the body's organs. (verywellhealth.com)
Collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4H) expression and collagen hydroxylation in cancer cells are necessary for breast cancer progression. (uky.edu)
Type VI collagen makes up part of the extracellular matrix that surrounds muscle cells and connective tissue. (medlineplus.gov)
Research suggests that type VI collagen helps secure and organize the extracellular matrix by linking the matrix to the cells it surrounds. (medlineplus.gov)

Cross Linked C-Telopeptide Of Type I Collagen Antibody is a Mouse Monoclonal against Cross Linked C-Telopeptide Of Type I Collagen. (abbexa.com)

Cream-based collagen products can be found in numerous over-the-counter beauty treatments, but there are some doubts from the dermatological community as to whether they actually work. (wisegeek.net)
however, during their research, the team detected that Type 5 collagen, which is not found in the uninjured heart, was abundantly expressed in scar tissue. (emjreviews.com)
Cilengitide, a selective integrin inhibitor, was found to disrupt the expansion cycle and reduce scar size in Type 5 collagen-deficient mice. (emjreviews.com)
At least 28 different types of collagen exist, but types I, II and III form the bulk of the collagen found in our bodies. (kimmel.life)

Improved tumour marker sensitivity in detecting colorectal liver metastases by combined type IV collagen and CEA measurement. (bvsalud.org)

This treatment induces collagen and the growth factor is supposedly to renew skin and improve the appearance of scars. (whatclinic.com)

Unfortunately, with age, the amount of collagen produced decreases in relation to the body's needs. (labosal.com)

The data suggest that chondrocyte hypertrophy and subsequent collagen X fragmentation seem to be increased in a subset of patients with inflammatory OA. (biomedcentral.com)
High sugar levels can lead to hardening and fragmentation of collagen, weakening the skin foundation, and promoting premature skin ageing. (kimmel.life)

Collagen is becoming increasingly popular in the joint health market. (nutraingredients.com)
Scientific evidence has demonstrated the effectiveness of native (undenatured) type II collagen in supporting joint health and may therefore be used as an ingredient in consumer products. (nutraingredients.com)
So how can manufacturers looking to make their next big move in the joint health market harness the powerful benefits of type II collagen? (nutraingredients.com)
Both native (undenatured) type II collagen and hydrolysed (denatured) collagen are used in commercial joint health products, but there are significant differences between the two forms. (nutraingredients.com)
Just like their owners, dogs tend to produce less and less collagen as they age which can bring about skin irritations and conditions, as well as problems with bones and joint health. (amandean.com)

Shampoo Grandma Agafia for Dialy Use for All Hair Types with Onion Peel, Hops Extract. (russianfoods.com)

Lots of people think of collagen as a skin care ingredient due to the fact that it boosts as well as minimizes creases skin health and wellness. (ic-tennis.org)
It boosts collagen and protects against the signs of aging. (sumbody.com)

Anatomy11

Organisms1

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs27

Phenomena and Processes2

Articular cartilage repair using a tissue-engineered cartilage-like implant: an animal study. (1/149)

A dominant interference collagen X mutation disrupts hypertrophic chondrocyte pericellular matrix and glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan distribution in transgenic mice. (2/149)

Expression of collagen and aggrecan genes in normal and osteoarthritic murine knee joints. (3/149)

Transglutaminase factor XIIIA in the cartilage of developing avian long bones. (4/149)

Collagen X chains harboring Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia NC1 domain mutations are selectively retained and degraded in stably transfected cells. (5/149)

Insight into Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia from the crystal structure of the collagen X NC1 domain trimer. (6/149)

TGFbeta2 mediates the effects of hedgehog on hypertrophic differentiation and PTHrP expression. (7/149)

Linking hematopoiesis to endochondral skeletogenesis through analysis of mice transgenic for collagen X. (8/149)

Collagen Type X

Chondrogenesis

Cartilage

Chondrocytes

Collagen

Collagen Type I

Collagen Type III

Collagen Type II

Collagen Type IV

Collagen Type V

Fibrillar Collagens

Collagen Type VI

Collagen Type XI

Growth Plate

Extracellular Matrix

Receptors, Collagen

Extracellular Matrix Proteins

Procollagen

Cells, Cultured

Collagen Type XVIII

Chick Embryo

Hydroxyproline

Cartilage, Articular

Osteochondrodysplasias

Fibroblasts

Collagen Type XII

Fibronectins

Basement Membrane

Pepsin A

Proteoglycans

Sternum

Microbial Collagenase

Laminin

RNA, Messenger

Collagen Diseases

Hypertrophy

Cattle

Decorin

Collagen Type IX

Fibrosis

Aggrecans

Calcification, Physiologic

Collagenases

Skin

Aminopropionitrile

Articular cartilage repair using a tissue-engineered cartilage-like implant: an animal study. (1/149)

A dominant interference collagen X mutation disrupts hypertrophic chondrocyte pericellular matrix and glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan distribution in transgenic mice. (2/149)

Expression of collagen and aggrecan genes in normal and osteoarthritic murine knee joints. (3/149)

Transglutaminase factor XIIIA in the cartilage of developing avian long bones. (4/149)

Collagen X chains harboring Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia NC1 domain mutations are selectively retained and degraded in stably transfected cells. (5/149)

Insight into Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia from the crystal structure of the collagen X NC1 domain trimer. (6/149)

TGFbeta2 mediates the effects of hedgehog on hypertrophic differentiation and PTHrP expression. (7/149)

Linking hematopoiesis to endochondral skeletogenesis through analysis of mice transgenic for collagen X. (8/149)

VackvSuG: Direct Action Competent (DAC) Indian Hedgehog STAR type X collagen BMP.

Gene Expression Literature Detail

The PI3K pathway regulates endochondral bone growth through control of hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation | BMC...

JCI - Increased intracellular proteolysis reduces disease severity in an ER stress-associated dwarfism

Browse by Author - PolyPublie

Collagen X Antibody | Abbiotec

Metaphyseal Chondrodysplasia, Schmid Type - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)

Mild Coxa Vara & No Osteoarthritic Symptoms<...

IL-10 ameliorates TNF-α induced meniscus degeneration in mature meniscal tissue in vitro | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders | Full...

Enhanced Amino Collagen x 5 Multi-Pack - Amino Man

Daihatsu Ayla Second Type X Matic Black 2014 - Harga Mobil Daihatsu Great New Xenia, Daihatsu Ayla, Daihatsu Terios, Daihatsu...

SLR ANOVA - Simple Regression Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) - NumXL Support

Indian hedgehog signals independently of PTHrP to promote chondrocyte hypertrophy | Development

The Quest for Height: Grow Taller | Increase Height | Bone Size: Grow Taller by Increasing Chondrocyte Hypertrophy

Dr. Shaleen Bhatnagar - Book Appointment, Consult Online, View Fees, Contact Number, Feedbacks | Anesthesiologist in Gurgaon

Reactive oxygen species induce chondrocyte hypertrophy in endochondral ossification | JEM

7. Regulation of growth plate chondrocytes and bone cells

Expression and production of stathmin in growth plate chondrocytes is cell-maturation dependent<...

A cell shrinkage artefact in growth plate chondrocytes with common fixative solutions: importance of fixative osmolarity for...

Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering - Volume 25, issue s1 - Journals - IOS Press

Drywall And Gypsum Board Interior Supply Inc

Gene Expression Literature Detail

Inflate and explode, or deflate and preserve? - SelfAwarePatterns

Inflate and explode, or deflate and preserve? - SelfAwarePatterns

CiNii Articles - Regulation of Tcf7 by Runx2 in chondrocyte maturation and proliferation

iPhone X/Xs Xqisit Pink Armet Protective case - 15-03638 - Quinsam Communications Group

Differential regulation of growth plate chondrocytes by 1α,25-(OH)2D3 and 24r,25-(OH)2D3involves cell-maturation-specific...

$Gentaur Molecular :Signosis 2011 \ TCF LEF EMSA Kit Runt-related transcription factor 2 \ GS-0048$ Gentaur Molecular :Signosis 2011 \ TCF LEF EMSA Kit Runt-related transcription factor 2 \ GS-0048

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