An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm.
Proteins which are synthesized in eukaryotic organisms and bacteria in response to hyperthermia and other environmental stresses. They increase thermal tolerance and perform functions essential to cell survival under these conditions.
Cellular proteins and peptides that are induced in response to cold stress. They are found in a broad variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.
A constellation of responses that occur when an organism is exposed to excessive heat. Responses include synthesis of new proteins and regulation of others.
Proteins found in any species of bacterium.
Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.
Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.
A class of MOLECULAR CHAPERONES found in both prokaryotes and in several compartments of eukaryotic cells. These proteins can interact with polypeptides during a variety of assembly processes in such a way as to prevent the formation of nonfunctional structures.
A constellation of responses that occur when an organism is exposed to excessive cold. In humans, a fall in skin temperature triggers gasping, hypertension, and hyperventilation.
Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include, but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status.
A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs.
Stress-inducible members of the heat-shock proteins 70 family. HSP72 heat shock proteins function with other MOLECULAR CHAPERONES to mediate PROTEIN FOLDING and to stabilize pre-existent proteins against aggregation.
Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.
A class of MOLECULAR CHAPERONES whose members act in the mechanism of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION by STEROID RECEPTORS.
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Acute hemorrhage or excessive fluid loss resulting in HYPOVOLEMIA.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.
Proteins obtained from ESCHERICHIA COLI.
A catarrhal disorder of the upper respiratory tract, which may be viral or a mixed infection. It generally involves a runny nose, nasal congestion, and sneezing.
Adaptation to a new environment or to a change in the old.
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.
The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.
The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.
A family of cellular proteins that mediate the correct assembly or disassembly of polypeptides and their associated ligands. Although they take part in the assembly process, molecular chaperones are not components of the final structures.
A protein which is a subunit of RNA polymerase. It effects initiation of specific RNA chains from DNA.
The unfavorable effect of environmental factors (stressors) on the physiological functions of an organism. Prolonged unresolved physiological stress can affect HOMEOSTASIS of the organism, and may lead to damaging or pathological conditions.
A genus of cone-nosed bugs of the subfamily TRIATOMINAE. Its species are vectors of TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI.
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.
A group I chaperonin protein that forms the barrel-like structure of the chaperonin complex. It is an oligomeric protein with a distinctive structure of fourteen subunits, arranged in two rings of seven subunits each. The protein was originally studied in BACTERIA where it is commonly referred to as GroEL protein.
The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.
LACTAMS forming compounds with a ring size of approximately 1-3 dozen atoms.
Electrophoresis in which a second perpendicular electrophoretic transport is performed on the separate components resulting from the first electrophoresis. This technique is usually performed on polyacrylamide gels.
A family of heat-shock proteins that contain a 70 amino-acid consensus sequence known as the J domain. The J domain of HSP40 heat shock proteins interacts with HSP70 HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS. HSP40 heat-shock proteins play a role in regulating the ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASES activity of HSP70 heat-shock proteins.
Benzene rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.
A subfamily of small heat-shock proteins found in a wide variety of organisms.
Disorders caused by imbalances in the protein homeostasis network - synthesis, folding, and transport of proteins; post-translational modifications; and degradation or clearance of misfolded proteins.
Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.
A family of multisubunit protein complexes that form into large cylindrical structures which bind to and encapsulate non-native proteins. Chaperonins utilize the energy of ATP hydrolysis to enhance the efficiency of PROTEIN FOLDING reactions and thereby help proteins reach their functional conformation. The family of chaperonins is split into GROUP I CHAPERONINS, and GROUP II CHAPERONINS, with each group having its own repertoire of protein subunits and subcellular preferences.
A subfamily of small heat-shock proteins that function as molecular chaperones that aid in refolding of non-native proteins. They play a protective role that increases cellular survival during times of stress.
Shock resulting from diminution of cardiac output in heart disease.
Liquids transforming into solids by the removal of heat.
A species of gram-positive bacteria that is a common soil and water saprophyte.
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.
A group I chaperonin protein that forms a lid-like structure which encloses the non-polar cavity of the chaperonin complex. The protein was originally studied in BACTERIA where it is commonly referred to as GroES protein.
Processes involved in the formation of TERTIARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE.
The sensation of cold, heat, coolness, and warmth as detected by THERMORECEPTORS.
Y-box-binding protein 1 was originally identified as a DNA-binding protein that interacts with Y-box PROMOTER REGIONS of MHC CLASS II GENES. It is a highly conserved transcription factor that regulates expression of a wide variety of GENES.
The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
A plant family of the order Celastrales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.
An order of extremely thermophilic, sulfate-reducing archaea, in the kingdom EURYARCHAEOTA. The single family Archaeoglobaceae contains one genus ARCHAEOGLOBUS.
The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.
The smallest of the three prokaryotic initiation factors with a molecular size of approximately 8 kD. It binds near the A-site of the 30S subunit of RIBOSOMES and may play a role in preventing premature addition of aminoacyl-tRNA-linked PEPTIDE ELONGATION FACTOR TU to the ribosome during the initiation of a peptide chain (PEPTIDE CHAIN INITIATION, TRANSLATIONAL).
Inorganic salts or organic esters of arsenious acid.
A climate characterized by COLD TEMPERATURE for a majority of the time during the year.
The biosynthesis of PEPTIDES and PROTEINS on RIBOSOMES, directed by MESSENGER RNA, via TRANSFER RNA that is charged with standard proteinogenic AMINO ACIDS.
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.
Strains of VIBRIO CHOLERAE containing O ANTIGENS group 139. This strain emerged in India in 1992 and caused a CHOLERA epidemic.
Shock produced as a result of trauma.
Slender tubular or hairlike excretory structures found in insects. They emerge from the alimentary canal between the mesenteron (midgut) and the proctodeum (hindgut).
A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Arctiin (LIGNANS) is in the seed.
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Hybridization of a nucleic acid sample to a very large set of OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES, which have been attached individually in columns and rows to a solid support, to determine a BASE SEQUENCE, or to detect variations in a gene sequence, GENE EXPRESSION, or for GENE MAPPING.
The chilling of a tissue or organ during decreased BLOOD perfusion or in the absence of blood supply. Cold ischemia time during ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION begins when the organ is cooled with a cold perfusion solution after ORGAN PROCUREMENT surgery, and ends after the tissue reaches physiological temperature during implantation procedures.
Proteins that bind to RNA molecules. Included here are RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS and other proteins whose function is to bind specifically to RNA.
Inorganic compounds that contain sodium as an integral part of the molecule.
An enzyme of the transferase class that catalyzes the reaction RNA(n+1) and orthophosphate to yield RNA(n) and a nucleoside diphosphate, or the reverse reaction. ADP, IDP, GDP, UDP, and CDP can act as donors in the latter case. (From Dorland, 27th ed) EC 2.7.7.8.
A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent that is less effective than equal doses of ASPIRIN in relieving pain and reducing fever. However, individuals who are hypersensitive to ASPIRIN may tolerate sodium salicylate. In general, this salicylate produces the same adverse reactions as ASPIRIN, but there is less occult gastrointestinal bleeding. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p120)
A group of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-galactosides. Deficiency of beta-Galactosidase A1 may cause GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GM1.
Proteases that contain proteolytic core domains and ATPase-containing regulatory domains. They are usually comprised of large multi-subunit assemblies. The domains can occur within a single peptide chain or on distinct subunits.
An antibiotic first isolated from cultures of Streptomyces venequelae in 1947 but now produced synthetically. It has a relatively simple structure and was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic to be discovered. It acts by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis and is mainly bacteriostatic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p106)
Detection of RNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.
Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in archaea.
A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.
The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.
The in vitro fusion of GENES by RECOMBINANT DNA techniques to analyze protein behavior or GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, or to merge protein functions for specific medical or industrial uses.
Ergostane derivatives of 28 carbons with oxygens at C1, C22, and C26 positions and the side chain cyclized. They are found in WITHANIA plant genus and have cytotoxic and other effects.
The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.
A group of conditions that develop due to overexposure or overexertion in excessive environmental heat.
A family of proteins that promote unwinding of RNA during splicing and translation.
A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.
Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.
Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.
In bacteria, a group of metabolically related genes, with a common promoter, whose transcription into a single polycistronic MESSENGER RNA is under the control of an OPERATOR REGION.
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in plants.
Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)
High-amplitude compression waves, across which density, pressure, and particle velocity change drastically. The mechanical force from these shock waves can be used for mechanically disrupting tissues and deposits.
Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.
The mucous lining of the LARYNX, consisting of various types of epithelial cells ranging from stratified squamous EPITHELIUM in the upper larynx to ciliated columnar epithelium in the rest of the larynx, mucous GOBLET CELLS, and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
A colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and slight odor. It is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with LIDOCAINE injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutic aid, and in perfumery and flavoring.
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.
The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.
The process by which semen is kept viable outside of the organism from which it was derived (i.e., kept from decay by means of a chemical agent, cooling, or a fluid substitute that mimics the natural state within the organism).
Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.
Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.
The pressure required to prevent the passage of solvent through a semipermeable membrane that separates a pure solvent from a solution of the solvent and solute or that separates different concentrations of a solution. It is proportional to the osmolality of the solution.
The first continuously cultured human malignant CELL LINE, derived from the cervical carcinoma of Henrietta Lacks. These cells are used for VIRUS CULTIVATION and antitumor drug screening assays.
Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.
A family of enzymes that catalyze the exonucleolytic cleavage of RNA. It includes EC 3.1.13.-, EC 3.1.14.-, EC 3.1.15.-, and EC 3.1.16.-. EC 3.1.-
A rod-shaped bacterium surrounded by a sheath-like structure which protrudes balloon-like beyond the ends of the cell. It is thermophilic, with growth occurring at temperatures as high as 90 degrees C. It is isolated from geothermally heated marine sediments or hot springs. (From Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed)
A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.
A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.
In eukaryotes, a genetic unit consisting of a noncontiguous group of genes under the control of a single regulator gene. In bacteria, regulons are global regulatory systems involved in the interplay of pleiotropic regulatory domains and consist of several OPERONS.
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
Disruption of the non-covalent bonds and/or disulfide bonds responsible for maintaining the three-dimensional shape and activity of the native protein.
The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.
The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in fungi.
A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria isolated from soil and the stems, leafs, and roots of plants. Some biotypes are pathogenic and cause the formation of PLANT TUMORS in a wide variety of higher plants. The species is a major research tool in biotechnology.
Gram-negative aerobic cocci of low virulence that colonize the nasopharynx and occasionally cause MENINGITIS; BACTEREMIA; EMPYEMA; PERICARDITIS; and PNEUMONIA.
Movement characteristics of SPERMATOZOA in a fresh specimen. It is measured as the percentage of sperms that are moving, and as the percentage of sperms with productive flagellar motion such as rapid, linear, and forward progression.
An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
Hydrocarbon rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.
The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.
Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.
Transcription factors that were originally identified as site-specific DNA-binding proteins essential for DNA REPLICATION by ADENOVIRUSES. They play important roles in MAMMARY GLAND function and development.
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.
A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
The degree of similarity between sequences. Studies of AMINO ACID SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY and NUCLEIC ACID SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY provide useful information about the genetic relatedness of genes, gene products, and species.
A photoprotein isolated from the bioluminescent jellyfish Aequorea. It emits visible light by an intramolecular reaction when a trace amount of calcium ion is added. The light-emitting moiety in the bioluminescence reaction is believed to be 2-amino-3-benzyl-5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)pyrazine (AF-350).

Oxidative stress in cold-induced hyperthyroid state. (1/56)

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Effect of P2 receptor blockade with pyridoxine on sympathetic response to exercise pressor reflex in humans. (2/56)

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Knocking down expression of Hsp22 and Hsp23 by RNA interference affects recovery from chill coma in Drosophila melanogaster. (3/56)

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2010 Carl Ludwig Distinguished Lectureship of the APS Neural Control and Autonomic Regulation Section: Central neural pathways for thermoregulatory cold defense. (4/56)

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Inactivation of the mitochondrial carrier SLC25A25 (ATP-Mg2+/Pi transporter) reduces physical endurance and metabolic efficiency in mice. (5/56)

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Manipulations of AMP metabolic genes increase growth rate and cold tolerance in Escherichia coli: implications for psychrophilic evolution. (6/56)

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Rapid growth reduces cold resistance: evidence from latitudinal variation in growth rate, cold resistance and stress proteins. (7/56)

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Brainstem serotonin deficiency in the neonatal period: autonomic dysregulation during mild cold stress. (8/56)

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For 3-minutes, the cryo chamber will cool the surface of your skin by 30-50°F using gasified nitrogen to activate the bodys powerfully healing cold-shock response. During the session, blood rushes to your core, your body burns 400-800 calories to stay warm and once the sessions is over, the blood returns to the extremities carrying newly released neurotransmitters and cold-shock proteins that dramatically lower inflammation, heal injuries, increase collagen levels, boost your mood, accelerate recovery, increase focus and leave you feeling vibrant and full of energy.. ...
Dynamics of ribosome-ligands interactions in the early phases of mRNA translation; gene regulation following bacterial temperature and nutritional stress; design, construction and validation of high content screening tests to detect novel anti-infectives; mechanism of action of new antibiotics; H-NS - DNA interactions for the architectural organization of the nucleoid and select transcriptional repression; DNA chips for water quality evaluation.. Keywords: Translation initiation in prokaryotes / bacterial nucleoid / cold-shock response / transcriptional & post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression / antibiotics. Subject area(s): Microbiology, Virology & Pathogens , Proteins & Biochemistry , RNA. ...
The majority of these functions deal with the degradation and modification of RNA. I am struggling to figure out how to differentiate between up-regulated and down-regulated genes based on geneontology website or the data given, but considering that the t15, t30, t60, t90 are up-regulated, while only t-120 is down-regulated, it would probably be reasonable to assume that these functions are mostly up-regulated. This would mean that due to cold-shock, cells primarily increase the breakdown of RNA,and mores specifically non-coding RNA, as suggested by the GO terms. This suggests that cold-shock induces translation in order to produce specific proteins involved in stress response ...
The majority of these functions deal with the degradation and modification of RNA. I am struggling to figure out how to differentiate between up-regulated and down-regulated genes based on geneontology website or the data given, but considering that the t15, t30, t60, t90 are up-regulated, while only t-120 is down-regulated, it would probably be reasonable to assume that these functions are mostly up-regulated. This would mean that due to cold-shock, cells primarily increase the breakdown of RNA,and mores specifically non-coding RNA, as suggested by the GO terms. This suggests that cold-shock induces translation in order to produce specific proteins involved in stress response ...
Veterinarska zbornica Slovenije je samostojna in neodvisna poklicna organizacija doktorjev veterinarske medicine na območju Republike Slovenije, ki zastopa in uveljavlja poklicne, ekonomske in socialne interese svojih članov.
Four diploid inbred B. distachyon lines, Bd3-1, Bd21-1, Bd1-1, and Bd29-1 were used to characterize cold induced IRIP gene expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The seeds were kindly provided by Dr. David Garvin, University of Minnesota, USA. Bd3-1 and Bd21-1 originate from Iraq and are spring genotypes that do not require vernalization to induce flowering. Bd1-1 and Bd29-1 originate from northern Turkey and the Ukraine, respectively, and are winter genotypes which require long vernalization periods (six and 12 weeks respectively) to flower (http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/person/1931/GarvinLabCoreBrachypodiumdistachyonLineSet(2).pdf) [34, 35]. For the microarray gene expression experiments only Bd21-1 was used.. In the qRT-PCR experiment 7 weeks old plants were used which had been established from seeds using the following growth conditions: 20/16°C day/night temperature and 16 h photoperiod with a photon flux density of 150 μmol m-2 s-1. Half of the ...
Osmoadaptation of four L. monocytogenes strains, possessing different tolerances to NaCl, revealed a clear pattern in terms of genomic expression. Prolonged exposure to high levels of NaCl was coupled with activation of genes associated with the bacterial cell envelope, DNA repair and protein synthesis. Repression of genes associated with carbohydrate up-take and metabolism was evident in osmo-adapted cells reflecting the overall suppression of cellular metabolism characterised by reduced growth rate of these cells. In addition the initial stage of osmo-adaptation, was examined in strain ATCC 19115 (serotype 4b) post short exposure to 10.0% (w/v) NaCl to investigate continuous spectrum of gene expression in response to osmotic stress in this organism. Gene enrichment analysis revealed a prominent, almost reverse gene expression profile in response to shock, compared to the adaptive response to the same concentration of NaCl. This study is the first to strongly highlight such distinction in gene ...
A common physiological response of organisms to environmental stresses is the increase in expression of heat shock proteins (Hsps). In insects, this process has been widely examined for heat stress, but the response to cold stress has been far less studied. In the present study, we focused on 11 Dro …
Lin28 cold-shock domain complex. Computer model showing the structure of a Lin28 cold-shock domain (purple) complexed with the single-stranded DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) fragment heptathymidine (yellow). - Stock Image C035/5941
Benzyl alcohol and ethanol were found to exhibit an opposite effect on cold adaptation ofBacillus subtilis. The growth lag induced in bacteria by temperature shift-down was reduced in the presence of benzyl alcohol from 80 to 58 min, whereas ethanol prolonged this interval up to 102 min. In parallel, the physical state of the cytoplasmic membrane in intact bacteria was examined with the help of steady-state fluorescence anisotropy of diphenylhexatriene. Benzyl alcohol decreased the anisotropy as a consequence of membrane fluidization whereas ethanol increased its value, suggesting membrane rigidization. The correlation of growth and fluorescence data indicates that the control of membrane structure represents an important part of bacterial adaptation to cold.
Upon entrance into the insect from ingesting an infected humans blood, the so called stumpy form of T. brucei enters and must adjust itself to survive within the environment of the fly. This initial transformation is composed of a variety of chemical transformations that are not yet fully understood. It is assumed that proteases that exist within the insects midgut ignite a response to the new environment. [9] Beyond this idea, some believe that the microbe posses a cold-shock response that appears as the microbe travels from the warm-blooded human to the exothermic fly. Despite the controversy of this transformation, the stumpy form of the trypanosome remodels into the first form, the procyclic form. [9] This form only lasts a very short period of time before it transforms again. The microbe attaches itself onto the cells within the gut of the fly, a space referred to as the ecto peritrophic space. The connection to the cells within this space allows the form to change into one more ...
Ambient particulate matters and temperature were reported to have additive effects over the respiratory disease hospital admissions and deaths. The purpose of this study is to discuss the interactive pulmonary toxicities of cold stress and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure by estimating inflammation and oxidative stress responses. 48 Wistar male rats, matched by weight and age, were randomly assigned to six groups, which were treated with cold stress alone (0 degrees C, 10 degrees C, and 20 degrees C (Normal control)) and cold stresses plus PM2.5 exposures respectively. Cold stress alone groups were intratracheal instillation of 0.25 mL normal saline, while cold stress plus PM2.5 exposure groups were intratracheal instillation of 8 mg/0.25 mL PM2.5. These procedures were carried out for three times with an interval of 48 hours for each treatment. All rats were sacrificed after 48 hours of the third treatment. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for analyzing inflammatory ...
Plants experience a wide range of abiotic stresses due to their sessile nature. These stresses range from cold and draught to salinity and osmotic factors to which plants have evolved many biochemical responses. Significant research has revealed a complex network of genes that work together during stress conditions. A key player in the abiotic stress response in Arabidopsis is DREB1 (Dehydration Response Element Binding Protein) a family of three related (A, B, C) transcription factors that bind to DRE (Dehydration Response Element), a cis-acting element that functions in ABA-independent gene expression, specifically as an up regulator of rd29A. Researchers have demonstrated that rd29A is up regulated in response to salt, drought and cold conditions (Shinozaki, 1998).. Plant cold stress responses in Arabidopsis have been studied and shown to contain several pathways that are specific to abiotic stresses. The DREB1 family has been shown to be most strongly expressed in response to cold stress, ...
The EEG scored according to the ACNS terminology is the best among those looked at for the prediction of short-term clinical improvement in patients with DoC and represents a useful instrumental test, complementary to clinical evaluation at admission, to be added in post-acute neurological prognosti …
Growing peas in a greenhouse allows you to have fresh peas all year round. Peas are well suited to wintering in a greenhouse, as they are much more cold-tolerant than other types of vegetables. In fact, warm weather often adversely affects pea pod production, so save the summer garden space for warm-weather plants ...
Amsterdam. This year Amsterdam are hosting the regional conference, so its good to se them represented as a new team as well. They are working on making E. Coli that will grow at temperatures far below normal limits. They also aimed to make coli better at resisting frost. Apparently they have had some success in making the cold resistance work. If you want to read more check our post!. Bilkent_UNAM-Turkey. This team is working on using microalgae for biodegradation. Now this use of microorganisms has been a returning theme for many years, but algae are still somewhat new on the iGEM scene. Bilkent_UNAM are specifically working on degrading TNT. Apparently they didnt get to test their constructs against. Copenhagen. Its good to see a new Danish team in the competition. Copenhagen are working with cytochrome P450 hydroxylases to rid the world of evil. They want to use E. coli expressing two different CYPs to bring death to fungi and environmental estrogens. They seem to have had a bumpy ride ...
Colds and flu tend to show up with dreary regularity. Learn which ones might actually help, and which are nothing but charming folktale.
As a representative warm-season grass, Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L). Pers.] is widely used in turf systems. However, low temperature remarkably limits its growth and distribution. ABA is a crucial phytohormone that has been reported to regulate much important physiological and biochemical processes in plants under abiotic stress. Therefore, the objective of this study was to figure out the effects of ABA on the cold-sensitive (S) and cold-resistant (R) Bermudagrass genotypes response to cold stress. In this study, the plants were treated with 100 µM ABA solution and exposed to 4°C temperature. After 7 days of cold treatment, the electrolyte leakage (EL), malonaldehyde (MDA) and H2O2 content were significantly increased in both genotypes compared with control condition, and these values were higher in R genotype than those of S genotype, respectively. By contrast, exogenous ABA application decreased the electrolyte leakage (EL), malonaldehyde (MDA) and H2O2 content in both genotypes compared with
T. fasciatus (Takifugu fasciatus) faces the same problem as most warm water fish: the water temperature falls far below the optimal growth temperature in winter, causing a massive death of T. fasciatus and large economic losses. Understanding of the cold-tolerance mechanisms of this species is still limited. Integrated application of multi-omics research can provide a wealth of information to help us improve our understanding of low-temperature tolerance in fish. To gain a comprehensive and unbiased molecular understanding of cold-tolerance in T. fasciatus, we characterized mRNA-seq and metabolomics of T. fasciatus livers using Illumina HiSeq 2500 and UHPLC-Q-TOF MS. We identified 2544 up-regulated and 2622 down-regulated genes in the liver of T. fasciatus. A total of 40 differential metabolites were identified, including 9 down-regulated and 31 up-regulated metabolites. In combination with previous studies on proteomics, we have established an mRNA-protein-metabolite interaction network. There are 17
Plants experience a wide range of abiotic stresses due to their sessile nature. Plants have evolved many biochemical responses to stresses that range from cold and drought to salinity and osmotic factors. Substantial research has revealed a complex network of genes that work together during stress conditions. A key player in the abiotic stress response in Arabidopsis is DREB1 (Dehydration Response Element Binding Protein) a family of three related (A, B, C) transcription factors that bind to DRE (Dehydration Response Element), a cis-acting element that functions in ABA-independent gene expression, specifically as an up regulator of rd29A. Researchers have demonstrated that rd29A is up regulated in response to salt, drought and cold conditions (Shinozaki, 1998).. Plant cold stress responses in Arabidopsis have been shown to contain several pathways that are specific to abiotic stresses. The DREB1 family has been shown to be most strongly expressed in response to cold stress, salinity, osmotic, ...
Conclusions: Flies reared at constant benign temperatures were more fecund at all acclimationtemperatures. In contrast, flies reared under fluctuating natural or laboratory conditions weremore successful in locating food under cool conditions in the field, while constant cool rearingconditions led to high cold resistance. The fluctuating- and low-temperature rearing conditionsresulted in a similar metabolic profile, while the 24C rearing profile was distinct and showeda lack of plasticity. The effects of developmental acclimation on performance are thereforecomplex and cannot be captured through experimental comparisons of constant environments ...
The paliavana parent is P. tenuiflora, the best of the paliavanas. The hybrid does a better job of retaining its foliage than most paliavanas. The sinningia parent is S. conspicua, from which the hybrid acquires the generally white corolla color, the markings and yellow in the throat, and fragrance that can be detected at certain times. The plant has a tuber, an inheritance from its sinningia parent. Paliavana tenuiflora is much more vulnerable to cold than Sinningia conspicua. The hybrid seems to have the latters cold resistance. ...
Making accurate prognoses for patients in coma is notoriously difficult, and we need your help! By signing up for this study you allow us to learn from your story and provide us with data that can help improve the way coma patients are cared for and how doctors determine their prognosis. Enrollment is simple and straightforward and you can withdraw from the study at any time and for any reason.. Take a moment to look through the consent form, available here. In order to understand each case of coma, we need access to the protected medical records from the hospitalization in question. For that we need your signed permission. We also need your consent to participate in a research study, in which the information we learn can be analyzed and used to draw conclusions about how to make prognostication in coma better and more accurate. Feel free to contact us with any questions about the consent form or the study itself before you sign.. You can email the form as an attachment to: [email protected] ...
When blood sugar levels become very high or low, a diabetic coma can result. This is a medical emergency, but with rapid treatment, a person can usually recovery quickly.
Bacillus alvei NRC-14, a soil bacterial isolate, was found to exhibit multiple-adaptive response when exposed to abiotic stress factors. In the present study, chemical and flocculation properties of a viscous biopolymer flocculant produced by the strain under cold-shock stress are investigated.
If you are drawn to really deep red lettuces, consider Hyper Red. Selecting from a cross between Valeria, a very red cold-tolerant lollo rossa, and Wavy Red Cos, an undulating savoyed red romaine, Frank Morton bred Hyper Red to accentuate pigmentation and ruffling. You can hear him talking about the breeding of this variety on OSSIs Free The Seed! Podcast. The striking result tastes good with a pleasing texture. Holds for a while in July before succumbing to heat. Good cold tolerance. No warm-temperature germination tolerance. Independent Breeder.
Id hazard a reasonable guess that what puts people off real cold water swimming is not what I write so much about, that is, hypothermia and cold exposure over long periods. Instead Id postulate that it is the thoughts and fear of the initial cold shock and of the difficulty and pain involved with immersing…
Childrens cough and colds treatment plan by Dr Simone Kooke, womens and childrens Health GP. We sit down and discuss a treatment plan for kids cough and colds.
Two people have died in Louisiana in recent months from a rare brain-eating amoeba that health officials have traced to a common cold treatment.
URBANA, Ill. - Winters in eastern Russia are intensely cold, with air temperatures regularly reaching -30 degrees Fahrenheit in some locations. It is a seemingly inhospitable climate, but native plants have found ways to thrive there. University of Illinois plant geneticist Erik Sacks suspected one of these plants may hold the key to breeding cold-tolerant food and biomass crops. To find out, the modern-day botanical explorer set off across eastern Russia with colleagues from the N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) to collect specimens of the perennial grass Miscanthus sacchariflorus.. Miscanthus is part of a tribe of grasses, the Andropogoneae, that includes sorghum, sugarcane, and corn, Sacks explains. Because it is found so far north, this population of Miscanthus sacchariflorus is likely the most cold-hardy of that group. If we want to improve cold hardiness in this very important group of plants, this is going to be best population to study.. Sacks and ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Skin temperature and photoelectric plethysmography recovery characteristics during mild cold challenge testing in normal subjects. AU - Allen, John. AU - Montague, C. AU - Murray, A. PY - 1999/12/1. Y1 - 1999/12/1. M3 - Conference article. VL - 36. SP - 327. JO - Journal of Vascular Research. JF - Journal of Vascular Research. ER - ...
Among all cereals, rice is highly sensitive to cold stress, especially at the germination stage, which adversely impacts its germination ability, seed vigor, crop stand establishment, and, ultimately, grain yield. The dissection of novel quantitative trait loci (QTLs) or genes conferring a low-temperature germination (LTG) ability can significantly accelerate cold-tolerant rice breeding to ensure the wide application of rice cultivation through the direct seeding method. In this study, we identified 11 QTLs for LTG using 144 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between a cold-tolerant variety, Lijiangxintuanheigu (LTH), and a cold-sensitive variety, Shennong265 (SN265). By resequencing two parents and RIL lines, a high-density bin map, including 2,828 bin markers, was constructed using 123,859 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between two parents. The total genetic distance corresponding to all 12 chromosome linkage maps was 2,840.12 cm. Adjacent markers were marked by an average
In this study, hematopoietic cells from mice pretreated with CVE and exposed to acute cold/restraint stress were stimulated in the presence of growth factors to form colonies, thus providing accurate information about the modulation of the green algae of the stress-induced changes in the hematopoietic response. Our results demonstrated that exposure to acute stress affected hematopoiesis. Mice exposed for a 2.5-hour time period of cold and restraint presented diminished clonal capacity for CFU-GM content per femur, which was decreased by as much as 50% compared with that in control mice, in spite of the significant increase in serum colony-stimulating activity (CSA). Treatment with 50 mg/kg CVE for 5 days, previously to the stress regimen, attenuates the effects of the stress, since comparable levels of myeloid progenitors were found in the bone marrow of both CVE/stress and control mice. Moreover, the sera from stressed mice pretreated with CVE further increased the CFU-GM formation. On the ...
High-accuracy detection voltage Low current consumption BD52XXG BD53XXG VOLTAGE DETECTOR IC with adjustable delay time 5 4 BD52XXG/FVE series BD53XXG/FVE series 3 (UNIT:mm) 0.2MIN 2.8±0.2 1.6 +0.2 -0.1 2.9±0.2 (5) (4) (1) (2) (3) 0.13 +0.05 -0.03 0.42 +0.05 -0.04 0.95 0.1 SSOP5(SMP5C2) BD53XXFVE BD53XXFVE 5 1 2 1pin : RESET output 2pin : SUB Connect to GND 3pin : CT 4pin : GND 5pin : Supply voltage 4 3 4 1.6±0.05 1.2±0.05 1.6±0.05 1.0±0.05 5 0.2MAX Features 1) Detection voltage: 0.1V step line-up 2.3~6.0V (Typ.) 2) High-accuracy detection voltage:±1.5% (Max.) 3) Ultra low current consumption: 0.95µA (Typ.) 4) Nch open drain output (BD52XXG/FVE series), CMOS output (BD53XXG/FVE series) 5) Small VSOF5(EMP5), SSOP5(SMP5C2) package 2 1.25MAX 1.1 0.05±0.05 0.05± Description BD52XXG/FVE, BD53XXG/FVE are series of high-accuracy detection voltage and low current consumption VOLTAGE DETECTOR ICs adopting CMOS process. New lineup of 152 types with delay time circuit have developed in addition to ...
Common Cold Treatment in Sterling,VA. Struggling with a persistent cold? We can help with providing a common cold cure and boost immune system for further resistance.
Common Cold Treatment in Leesburg,VA. Struggling with a persistent cold? We can help with providing a common cold cure and boost immune system for further resistance.
Lauxmann, M.; Borsani, J.; Osorio, S.; Lombardo, V. A.; Budde, C. O.; Bustamante, C. A.; Monti, L. L.; Andreo, C. S.; Fernie, A. R.; Drincovich, M. F. et al.; Lara, M. V.: Deciphering the metabolic pathways influencing heat and cold responses during post-harvest physiology of peach fruit. Plant, Cell and Environment 37 (3), S. 601 - 616 (2013 ...
Low temperature adversely affects crop yields by restraining plant growth and productivity. Most temperate plants have the potential to increase their freezing tolerance upon exposure to low but nonfreezing temperatures, a process known as cold acclimation. Various physiological, molecular, and metabolic changes occur during cold acclimation, which suggests that the plant cold stress response is a complex, vital phenomenon that involves more than one pathway. The C-Repeat Binding Factor (CBF) pathway is the most important and well-studied cold regulatory pathway that imparts freezing tolerance to plants. The regulation of freezing tolerance involves the action of phytochromes, which play an important role in light-mediated signalling to activate cold-induced gene expression through the CBF pathway. Under normal temperature conditions, CBF expression is regulated by the circadian clock through the action of a central oscillator and also day length (photoperiod). The phytochrome and phytochrome
TY - JOUR. T1 - Metabolic regulatory network alterations in response to acute cold stress and ginsenoside intervention. AU - Wang, Xiaoyan. AU - Su, Mingming. AU - Qiu, Yunping. AU - Ni, Yan. AU - Zhao, Tie. AU - Zhou, Mingmei. AU - Zhao, Aihua. AU - Yang, Shengli. AU - Zhao, Liping. AU - Jia, Wei. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2007/9. Y1 - 2007/9. N2 - Acute stress may trigger systemic biochemical and physiological changes in living organisms, leading to a rapid loss of homeostasis, which can be gradually reinstated by self-regulatory mechanisms and/or drug intervention strategy. However, such a sophisticated metabolic regulatory process has so far been poorly understood, especially from a holistic view. Urinary metabolite profiling of Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to cold temperature (-10°C) for 2 h using GC/MS in conjunction with modern multivariate statistical techniques revealed drastic biochemical changes as evidenced by fluctuations of urinary ...
Does Esoteric Connective Tissue Therapy ( ECTT) have Efficacy and Long Term Benefits Treating People with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain. PubMed, SCI, Scopus, ESCI, PMC indexed
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators responding to acute environmental stresses in both plants and animals. By modulating gene expression, miRNAs either restore or reconstitute a new expression program to enhance cell tolerance to stresses. Cold shock is one of the stresses that can induce acute physiological responses and transcriptional changes in aquatic creatures. Previous genomic studies have revealed many cold-affected genes in fish larvae and adults, however, the role of miRNAs in acute cold response is still ambiguous. To elucidate the regulatory roles of miRNAs in the cold-inducible responses, we performed small RNA-seq and RNA-seq analyses and found potential cold regulatory miRNAs and genes. We further investigated their interactions and involvements in cold tolerance. Small RNA-seq and RNA-seq identified 29 up-/26 down-regulated miRNAs and 908 up-/468 down-regulated genes, respectively, in responding to cold shock for 4 h at 18 °C. miRNA and transcriptomic analyses showed these miRNAs
Significant differences in responses to intraperitoneally injected tyramine or cold exposure (-10 degrees C) were observed in young (3-4 mo) male Sprague-Dawley (S-D) and Fischer 344 (F344) rats cold-acclimated (CA) or non-cold-acclimated (non-CA). Non-CA S-D and F344 rats respond to tyramine by increased O2 uptake and elevation of colonic temperature, but, as we had reported previously, the optimal doses of tyramine required was significantly different for these two strains, i.e., 2 mg/kg for F344 vs. 20 mg/kg for S-D. The response to tyramine was significantly potentiated by cold acclimation in both strains of rats. Despite the different dosages of tyramine given to the animals, similar increases in O2 uptakes and colonic temperatures were observed. Differences between these two strains were also evident in their responses to a cold challenge (3 h, -10 degrees C). The ranking for cold tolerance (-10 degrees C) was as follows: CA F344 greater than non-CA F344 greater than CA S-D greater than ...
PhD Project - Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Microwave Radiometry (MR) Based Measurement of the Efficacy of Hot and Cold Treatments at University of Edinburgh, listed on FindAPhD.com
Larvae and adults of A. aegypti are clearly capable of cold acclimation when presented with a change in larval or adult acclimation temperature. In the present study, we compared the effects of development or adult acclimation at only two temperatures (15 and 25°C), but demonstrate that this difference of 10°C was sufficient to substantially alter chill tolerance in this important vector of disease. Cold-acclimated larvae and adults more rapidly recovered from chill coma following cold stress, and had significantly higher survival following chronic cold. After 12-16 h at 2°C, very few larvae acclimated to 15°C showed any signs of chilling injury while ∼30% of larvae acclimated to 25°C were clearly suffering from neuromuscular injury that prevented them moving in a coordinated manner (Fig. 2B).. Chilling injury has been repeatedly associated with a systemic loss of ion balance in several terrestrial insects, including members of Hemiptera, Diptera, Blattodea, Lepidoptera and Orthoptera ...
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is the fifth most important cereal crop world-wide as well as an important source of feed, fiber and biofuel. It is a C4 plant and is well adapted to environments subject to high temperature and water limitation. Despite these agronomic qualities, it suffers from limitations of sensitivity to low temperature and the grain has drawbacks in relation to functionality and digestibility. The objectives of this study are: 1. To promote seed germination at low temperature and to enhance the seedling cold tolerance. 2. To enhance the grain digestibility and functionality. In an attempt to augment cold tolerance, we introduced the glycine rich RNA binding protein gene atRZ-1a from Arabidopsis, Bcl-2 mRNA sequence 725-1428 representing the 3 non coding region of the gene from humans and rice Ca-dependent protein kinase 7 (OsCDPK7), all of which are known to improve the cold tolerance of plants. None of these genes resulted in the improvement of cold tolerance in sorghum. On
Königer, Annabella (2019): The molecular basis of cold tolerance in Drosophila ananassae. Dissertation, LMU München: Faculty of Biology ...
David R. Foster1. Four great ice ages covered large parts of the upper northern hemisphere under solid ice as thick as one mile. The last glacier began to retreat from the future northeastern United States around 10,000 B.C.E., leaving a changed landscape with deeper valleys and huge inland seas. The residual glacial till, gravel, sand, and clay gradually broke down to create soil that allowed creeping, cold-tolerant plants to form a cover of tundra. The climate slowly warmed, and trees took root; a boreal forest of spruce and fir grew first. Pine and hemlock followed, joined later by hardwoods- maple, beech, and birch, then hickory, oak, and ash. This forest would continually change in response to climate, fire, new species, wind, disease, and human activity.. With the increasing vegetation, including nutritious plants that supported a variety of animals, predecessors of the Algonquin and Iroquois arrived. They lived here for thousands of years as hunter-gatherers, moving periodically to take ...
Hailie covered in goo, gauge miraculous hardcore coma recovery yanine nipples. I love these teen novels that center around high school and first time everything. Also, the boys had their own destinct characters causing them to be easily identified Drawbacks: Young Adult.
List of 71 causes for Cold hands and Cold sensitivity, alternative diagnoses, rare causes, misdiagnoses, patient stories, and much more.
When I came back I tentatively mentioned it to Mike, perhaps expecting a sort of a cold response, but he didnt! He was immediately enthusiastic about the idea and we had to verify a few things. First we needed to make sure that he could apply for an unpaid leave of absence and get back to his job an salary (check!) and that I could on the other hand keep my salary or it would have been a serious problem (check!!). Mike was so on board that he even said maybe I can also do some work in some lab.. wow!! I immediately emailed the colleague in Davis and I mean, who wouldnt want a very experience, hands on post doc for free? He got back within minutes saying his colleagues would be fighting over him, no question! Apparently Davis is extremely family oriented and if Mike works then we have to look into childcare, but should not be a major issue. I would hope that my parents will spend maybe even a month there and could help. Renting somewhere should also be very very easy, Im assuming renting a ...
well this is what i did. i had a few cakes and i crumbled them into a pan and cased with wet verm. waited a few days and a few spots started colonizing. now should i go ahead and cold shock now,
Encodes a WD-40 protein involved in histone deacetylation in response to abiotic stress.Identified in a screen for mutations with altered expression of stress induced genes. Functions as a repressor of cold tolerance induced genes. Loss of function mutants are hypersensitive to freezing ...

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