AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaInformation ScienceHealth CareGeographicals
Cognitive ReserveProdromal SymptomsCognition DisordersNeuropsychological TestsCognitionMemory, EpisodicAgingMultilingualismEducational StatusIntelligenceAlzheimer DiseaseVerbal LearningAtrophyBrainDementiaLeisure ActivitiesReadingIndividualityDexmedetomidinePersonnel Staffing and Scheduling Information SystemsDeliriumMedetomidinePostoperative ComplicationsCentral Nervous System DiseasesConfusionCircadian RhythmMotor SkillsLewy Body DiseaseMotor ActivityLewy BodiesNootropic AgentsGeriatric PsychiatrySan FranciscoPsychiatryHospitals, VeteransUnited States Department of Veterans AffairsAlabamaEmploymentPubMedCellular PhonePsychotic DisordersSuturesSuture TechniquesAcridine OrangeTendonsNational Institute on Aging (U.S.)NeurologyAmyloid beta-PeptidesResearchDisease ProgressionNeuropsychology
Cognitive Reserve
Capacity that enables an individual to cope with and/or recover from the impact of a neural injury or a psychotic episode.
Prodromal Symptoms
Clinical or physiological indicators that precede the onset of disease.
Cognition Disorders
Disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment.
Neuropsychological Tests
Tests designed to assess neurological function associated with certain behaviors. They are used in diagnosing brain dysfunction or damage and central nervous system disorders or injury.
Cognition
Intellectual or mental process whereby an organism obtains knowledge.
Memory, Episodic
Type of declarative memory, consisting of personal memory in contrast to general knowledge.
Aging
The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.
Multilingualism
The ability to speak, read, or write several languages or many languages with some facility. Bilingualism is the most common form. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)
Educational Status
Educational attainment or level of education of individuals.
Intelligence
The ability to learn and to deal with new situations and to deal effectively with tasks involving abstractions.
Alzheimer Disease
A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)
Verbal Learning
Learning to respond verbally to a verbal stimulus cue.
Atrophy
Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as abnormal cellular changes, ischemia, malnutrition, or hormonal changes.
Brain
The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.
Dementia
An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness.
Leisure Activities
Voluntary use of free time for activities outside the daily routine.
Reading
Individuality
Those psychological characteristics which differentiate individuals from one another.
Dexmedetomidine
A imidazole derivative that is an agonist of ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTORS. It is closely-related to MEDETOMIDINE, which is the racemic form of this compound.
Personnel Staffing and Scheduling Information Systems
Computer-based systems for use in personnel management in a facility, e.g., distribution of caregivers with relation to patient needs.
Delirium
A disorder characterized by CONFUSION; inattentiveness; disorientation; ILLUSIONS; HALLUCINATIONS; agitation; and in some instances autonomic nervous system overactivity. It may result from toxic/metabolic conditions or structural brain lesions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp411-2)
Medetomidine
An agonist of RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 that is used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic and sedative properties. It is the racemate of DEXMEDETOMIDINE.
Postoperative Complications
Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.
Central Nervous System Diseases
Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord.
Confusion
A mental state characterized by bewilderment, emotional disturbance, lack of clear thinking, and perceptual disorientation.
Circadian Rhythm
The regular recurrence, in cycles of about 24 hours, of biological processes or activities, such as sensitivity to drugs and stimuli, hormone secretion, sleeping, and feeding.
Motor Skills
Performance of complex motor acts.
Lewy Body Disease
A neurodegenerative disease characterized by dementia, mild parkinsonism, and fluctuations in attention and alertness. The neuropsychiatric manifestations tend to precede the onset of bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY, and other extrapyramidal signs. DELUSIONS and visual HALLUCINATIONS are relatively frequent in this condition. Histologic examination reveals LEWY BODIES in the CEREBRAL CORTEX and BRAIN STEM. SENILE PLAQUES and other pathologic features characteristic of ALZHEIMER DISEASE may also be present. (From Neurology 1997;48:376-380; Neurology 1996;47:1113-1124)
Motor Activity
The physical activity of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.
Lewy Bodies
Intracytoplasmic, eosinophilic, round to elongated inclusions found in vacuoles of injured or fragmented neurons. The presence of Lewy bodies is the histological marker of the degenerative changes in LEWY BODY DISEASE and PARKINSON DISEASE but they may be seen in other neurological conditions. They are typically found in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but they are also seen in the basal forebrain, hypothalamic nuclei, and neocortex.
Nootropic Agents
Drugs used to specifically facilitate learning or memory, particularly to prevent the cognitive deficits associated with dementias. These drugs act by a variety of mechanisms. While no potent nootropic drugs have yet been accepted for general use, several are being actively investigated.
Geriatric Psychiatry
A subspecialty of psychiatry concerned with the mental health of the aged.
San Francisco
Psychiatry
The medical science that deals with the origin, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders.
Hospitals, Veterans
Hospitals providing medical care to veterans of wars.
United States Department of Veterans Affairs
A cabinet department in the Executive Branch of the United States Government concerned with overall planning, promoting, and administering programs pertaining to VETERANS. It was established March 15, 1989 as a Cabinet-level position.
Alabama
Employment
The state of being engaged in an activity or service for wages or salary.
PubMed
A bibliographic database that includes MEDLINE as its primary subset. It is produced by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), part of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. PubMed, which is searchable through NLM's Web site, also includes access to additional citations to selected life sciences journals not in MEDLINE, and links to other resources such as the full-text of articles at participating publishers' Web sites, NCBI's molecular biology databases, and PubMed Central.
Cellular Phone
Analog or digital communications device in which the user has a wireless connection from a telephone to a nearby transmitter. It is termed cellular because the service area is divided into multiple "cells." As the user moves from one cell area to another, the call is transferred to the local transmitter.
Psychotic Disorders
Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994)
Sutures
Materials used in closing a surgical or traumatic wound. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Suture Techniques
Techniques for securing together the edges of a wound, with loops of thread or similar materials (SUTURES).
Acridine Orange
A cationic cytochemical stain specific for cell nuclei, especially DNA. It is used as a supravital stain and in fluorescence cytochemistry. It may cause mutations in microorganisms.
Tendons
Fibrous bands or cords of CONNECTIVE TISSUE at the ends of SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBERS that serve to attach the MUSCLES to bones and other structures.
National Institute on Aging (U.S.)
Component of the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. Through basic and clinical biomedical research and training, it conducts and supports research into the nature of the aging process and diseases associated with the later stages of life. The Institute was established in 1974.
Neurology
A medical specialty concerned with the study of the structures, functions, and diseases of the nervous system.
Amyloid beta-Peptides
Peptides generated from AMYLOID BETA-PEPTIDES PRECURSOR. An amyloid fibrillar form of these peptides is the major component of amyloid plaques found in individuals with Alzheimer's disease and in aged individuals with trisomy 21 (DOWN SYNDROME). The peptide is found predominantly in the nervous system, but there have been reports of its presence in non-neural tissue.
Research
Critical and exhaustive investigation or experimentation, having for its aim the discovery of new facts and their correct interpretation, the revision of accepted conclusions, theories, or laws in the light of newly discovered facts, or the practical application of such new or revised conclusions, theories, or laws. (Webster, 3d ed)
Disease Progression
The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.
Neuropsychology
A branch of psychology which investigates the correlation between experience or behavior and the basic neurophysiological processes. The term neuropsychology stresses the dominant role of the nervous system. It is a more narrowly defined field than physiological psychology or psychophysiology.

Prominent hippocampal CA3 gene expression profile in neurocognitive aging. (1/57)

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White matter hyperintensities and cognition: testing the reserve hypothesis. (2/57)

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IQ trajectory, cognitive reserve, and clinical outcome following a first episode of psychosis: a 3-year longitudinal study. (3/57)

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Cognitive reserve and brain volumes in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (4/57)

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Delaying the onset of Alzheimer disease: bilingualism as a form of cognitive reserve. (5/57)

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Intracranial volume and dementia: some evidence in support of the cerebral reserve hypothesis. (6/57)

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Cognitive reserve in aging. (7/57)

Cognitive reserve explains why those with higher IQ, education, occupational attainment, or participation in leisure activities evidence less severe clinical or cognitive changes in the presence of age-related or Alzheimer's disease pathology. Specifically, the cognitive reserve hypothesis is that individual differences in how tasks are processed provide reserve against brain pathology. Cognitive reserve may allow for more flexible strategy usage, an ability thought to be captured by executive functions tasks. Additionally, cognitive reserve allows individuals greater neural efficiency, greater neural capacity, and the ability for compensation via the recruitment of additional brain regions. Taking cognitive reserve into account may allow for earlier detection and better characterization of age-related cognitive changes and Alzheimer's disease. Importantly, cognitive reserve is not fixed but continues to evolve across the lifespan. Thus, even late-stage interventions hold promise to boost cognitive reserve and thus reduce the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other age-related problems.  (+info)

Association of plasma beta-amyloid level and cognitive reserve with subsequent cognitive decline. (8/57)

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Health Is Wealth: COGNITIVE RESERVEHealth Is Wealth: COGNITIVE RESERVE
Since then, research has shown that people with greater cognitive reserve are better able to stave off the degenerative brain changes associated with dementia or other brain diseases, such as Parkinsons disease, multiple sclerosis, or a stroke. A more robust cognitive reserve can also help you function better for longer if youre exposed to unexpected life events, such as stress, surgery, or toxins in the environment. Such circumstances demand extra effort from your brain-similar to requiring a car to engage another gear. When the brain cannot cope, you can become confused, develop delirium, or show signs of disease. Therefore, an important goal is to build and sustain your cognitive reserve. You can get a rough idea of your cognitive reserve simply by gauging how much your education, work, and other activities have challenged your brain over the years. Our six-step program will help you improve your cognitive reserve ...
http://sury-healthiswealth.blogspot.in/2017/06/cognitive-reserve.html
The impact of education on cortical thickness in amyloid-negative subcortical vascular dementia: cognitive reserve hypothesis |...The impact of education on cortical thickness in amyloid-negative subcortical vascular dementia: cognitive reserve hypothesis |...
The protective effect of education has been well established in Alzheimers disease, whereas its role in patients with isolated cerebrovascular diseases remains unclear. We examined the correlation of education with cortical thickness and cerebral small vessel disease markers in patients with pure subcortical vascular mild cognitive impairment (svMCI) and patients with pure subcortical vascular dementia (SVaD). We analyzed 45 patients with svMCI and 47 patients with SVaD with negative results on Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomographic imaging who underwent structural brain magnetic resonance imaging. The main outcome was cortical thickness measured using surface-based morphometric analysis. We also assessed the volumes of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and numbers of lacunes as other outcomes. To investigate the correlation of education with cortical thickness, WMH volume, and number of lacunes, multiple linear regression analyses were performed after controlling for covariates,
https://alzres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13195-018-0432-5
MRI-assessed atrophy subtypes in Alzheimers disease and the cognitive reserve hypothesis - Aldring og helseMRI-assessed atrophy subtypes in Alzheimers disease and the cognitive reserve hypothesis - Aldring og helse
Results:. Typical AD was found in 59 patients (48%); 29 (24%) patients had limbic-predominant AD; 19 (15%) had hippocampal-sparing AD; and 16 (13%) belonged to the group with minimal atrophy. No differences were found regarding cognitive test results or progression rates between the different subtypes. Using adjusted logistic regression analysis, we found that the patients in the minimal-atrophy group were less educated, had a lower baseline CDR. sum of boxes score, and had higher levels of amyloid β in the cerebrospinal fluid.. ...
https://www.aldringoghelse.no/alle-artikler/mri-assessed-atrophy-subtypes-alzheimers-disease-and-cognitive-reserve-hypothesis/
The impact of employment on cognition and cognitive reserve: implicati | NRRThe impact of employment on cognition and cognitive reserve: implicati | NRR
The impact of employment on cognition and cognitive reserve: implications across diseases and aging David E Vance,1 Jennifer Bail,1 Comfort C Enah,1 Jennifer J Palmer,2 Anna K Hoenig1 1School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2School of Nursing, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA Abstract: Employment requires one to learn new skills, establish a routine, and engage socially, all of which can also provide purpose or meaning to one’s life and provide income. All of these can directly or indirectly bolster cognitive reserve, which may protect cognitive health, especially as one ages. Unfortunately, if one is incapacitated due to illness, such as depression, HIV, or other diseases and chronic conditions, it may necessitate reduction/withdrawal from employment, which could limit employment-induced cognitive health benefits. This article examines these issues within the framework of neuroplasticity and cognitive reserve, thus providing implications for practice and
https://www.dovepress.com/the-impact-of-employment-on-cognition-and-cognitive-reserve-implicatio-peer-reviewed-article-NRR
Swimming improves cognitive reserve in ovariectomized rats and enhances neuroprotection after global cerebral ischemia<...Swimming improves cognitive reserve in ovariectomized rats and enhances neuroprotection after global cerebral ischemia<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Swimming improves cognitive reserve in ovariectomized rats and enhances neuroprotection after global cerebral ischemia. AU - Zhang, Meng. AU - Zhai, Yating. AU - Sun, Yaping. AU - Zhang, Wenli. AU - Li, Qian. AU - Brann, Darrell W. AU - Wang, Ruimin. N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [ 81671223 , 31171354 ], Abroad Science and Technology Activity Project of Hebei Province [C2015005002], and Undergraduate Training Programs for Innovation and Entrepreneurship [X2016319].. PY - 2018/8/1. Y1 - 2018/8/1. N2 - Cognitive reserve has been proposed to account for different responses to brain damage or pathology. Factors implicated to influence cognitive reserve include cognitive engagement, physical activity, leisure activities, stress levels, and diet. Furthermore, long-term ovariectomy (OVX), such as occurs in women that have underwent surgical menopause, has been reported to increase the risk of cognitive ...
https://augusta.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/swimming-improves-cognitive-reserve-in-ovariectomized-rats-and-en
A critical review of brain and cognitive reserve in Huntingtons disease<...A critical review of brain and cognitive reserve in Huntingtons disease<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - A critical review of brain and cognitive reserve in Huntingtons disease. AU - Soloveva, Maria V.. AU - Jamadar, Sharna D.. AU - Poudel, Govinda. AU - Georgiou-Karistianis, Nellie. PY - 2018/5/1. Y1 - 2018/5/1. N2 - The reserve hypothesis posits that the brain undergoes structural and functional reorganisation to actively cope with brain damage or disease. Consistent with passive and active components of reserve the brain moderates its biological substrates (brain reserve) and differentially changes the level of neural activity in tasks-specific networks and/or by recruiting additional non-task related brain regions (cognitive reserve) to optimise behavioural performance. How the reserve hypothesis applies in neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntingtons disease (HD) remains unknown. We postulate that unless the reserve hypothesis is tested empirically, it is impossible to draw firm conclusions about how task-related neural activity is providing a neuroplastic change ...
https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/a-critical-review-of-brain-and-cognitive-reserve-in-huntingtons-d
Cognitive Reserve: Theory and Applications (e-Book) - RoutledgeCognitive Reserve: Theory and Applications (e-Book) - Routledge
Cognitive reserve has emerged as a powerful concept for interpreting individual differences in susceptibility to, and recovery from, brain injury or pathology. Underlying cognitive reserve is the idea that individual differences in how cognitive tasks…
https://www.routledge.com/Cognitive-Reserve-Theory-and-Applications/Stern/p/book/9780203783047
Meta-analysis of Correlation between Cognitive-linguistic Ability and Cognitive Reserve in Normal Aging | Korea ScienceMeta-analysis of Correlation between Cognitive-linguistic Ability and Cognitive Reserve in Normal Aging | Korea Science
Meta-analysis of Correlation between Cognitive-linguistic Ability and Cognitive Reserve in Normal Aging - Cognitive Reserve;Normal Aging;Cognitive-linguistic Abilities;Meta-analysis;
http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/ArticleFullRecord.jsp?cn=CCTHCV_2015_v15n11_359
Cognitive reserveCognitive reserve
The concept of reserve has been proposed to account for the disjunction between the degree of brain damage and its clinical outcome. This paper attempts to produce a coherent theoretical account the reserve in general and of cognitive reserve in particular. It reviews epidemiologic data supporting t …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19467352/
Kessler Foundation receives grant to study cognitive reserve in traumatic br... ( West Orange NJ. November 29 2011. D...)Kessler Foundation receives grant to study cognitive reserve in traumatic br... ( West Orange NJ. November 29 2011. D...)
Health, ...West Orange NJ. November 29 2011. Denise Krch PhD and James Sumow...The study is based on the theory of cognitive reserve ie that people... We anticipate that knowledge gained from this study will enable us to...,Kessler,Foundation,receives,grant,to,study,cognitive,reserve,in,traumatic,brain,injury,medicine,medical news today,latest medical news,medical newsletters,current medical news,latest medicine news
http://www.bio-medicine.org/medicine-news-1/Kessler-Foundation-receives-grant-to-study-cognitive-reserve-in-traumatic-brain-injury-87351-1/
The influence of late-life university education on age-related cognitive decline and cognitive reserve : The Tasmanian Healthy...The influence of late-life university education on age-related cognitive decline and cognitive reserve : The Tasmanian Healthy...
Chapter 2 appears to be the equivalent of the peer reviewed version of the following article: Lenehan, M. E., Summers, M. J., Saunders, N. L., Summers, J. J. and Vickers, J. C., 2015. Relationship between education and age-related cognitive decline: a review of recent research, Psychogeriatrics, 15(2), 154-162, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12083 This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.. Chapter 2 appears to be the equivalent of a post-print version of an article published as: Lenehan, M. E., Summers, M. J., Saunders, N. L., Summers, J. J., Ward, D.D., Ritchie, K., Vickers, J. C., 2015. Sending your grandparents to university increases cognitive reserve: the Tasmanian Healthy Brain Project, Neuropsychology, 30(5), 525-531. This chapter may not exactly replicate the final version published in the APA journal. It is not the copy of record. ...
https://eprints.utas.edu.au/23247/
Cognitive reserve and the risk for Alzheimers disease: a longitudinal study : Sussex Research OnlineCognitive reserve and the risk for Alzheimers disease: a longitudinal study : Sussex Research Online
This study investigates how cognitive reserve (CR) interacts with neurodegeneration (quantified by medial temporal atrophy, MTA) and macroscopic white matter lesions (WMLs) in delaying the conversion from amnestic mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimers disease (AD). Forty-two amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients were consecutively recruited. They underwent magnetic resonance imaging and a comprehensive questionnaire to classify them as individuals with low or high CR. Patients were then clinically followed-up for 2 years. The patients risk for conversion to AD because of CR was estimated by controlling for cognitive efficiency, MTA, and WMLs at baseline. Global cognition was the best predictor of conversion to AD in low CR patients. Conversely, in high CR patients only, WMLs (but not MTA) highly contributed in increasing the risk for conversion to AD. In conclusion, CR interacts with both patients cognitive features and WMLs in modulating the impact of AD pathology. This seems ...
http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/54569/
PRIME PubMed | Is There a Link Between Cognitive Reserve and Cognitive Function in the Oldest-Old?PRIME PubMed | Is There a Link Between Cognitive Reserve and Cognitive Function in the Oldest-Old?
PubMed journal article Is There a Link Between Cognitive Reserve and Cognitive Function in the Oldest-Old? were found in PRIME PubMed. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone or iPad.
https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/28977420/Is_There_a_Link_Between_Cognitive_Reserve_and_Cognitive_Function_in_the_Oldest_Old
PRIME PubMed | Cognitive reserve as a predictor of two year neuropsychological performance in early onset first-episode...PRIME PubMed | Cognitive reserve as a predictor of two year neuropsychological performance in early onset first-episode...
PubMed journal article Cognitive reserve as a predictor of two year neuropsychological performance in early onset first-episode schizophreni were found in PRIME PubMed. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone or iPad.
https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/23182439/Cognitive_reserve_as_a_predictor_of_two_year_neuropsychological_performance_in_early_onset_first_episode_schizophrenia_
ORBi: Browsing ORBiORBi: Browsing ORBi
Poster (2017, November 24). Introduction. Decreased hippocampal volume in older adults is associated with episodic memory decline and subsequent neurodegenerative diseases. According to the dynamic polygon hypothesis, strategies ... [more ▼]. Introduction. Decreased hippocampal volume in older adults is associated with episodic memory decline and subsequent neurodegenerative diseases. According to the dynamic polygon hypothesis, strategies that increase neurogenesis of the hippocampus are likely to be successsful in delaying the onset of cognitive impairment in ageing. Several modifiable factors can have a positive effect on the size of the hippocampus, one of them being cognitive reserve. However, to date, very few studies reported an impact of cognitive reserve on hippocampal volume in healthy older adults. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to explore whether cognitive reserve is linked to hippocampal volume in healthy aging. We focussed particularly on intellectual and social ...
http://orbi.ulg.ac.be/browse?type=author&value=Schmidt%2C+Christina+p004854
The Effect of Cannabis Use and Cognitive Reserve on Age at Onset and Psychosis Outcomes in First-Episode Schizophrenia. - UNIAD...The Effect of Cannabis Use and Cognitive Reserve on Age at Onset and Psychosis Outcomes in First-Episode Schizophrenia. - UNIAD...
Abstract Objective: Cannabis use is associated with a younger age at onset of psychosis, an indicator of poor prognosis, but better cognitive function, a positive prognostic indicator. We aimed to clarify the role of age at onset and cognition on outcomes in cannabis users with first-episode schizophrenia as well as the effect of cannabis dose and cessation of use. Methods: Ninety-nine patients without alcohol or substance abuse other than cannabis were divided into lifetime users and never-users of cannabis and compared on measures of premorbid function, cognition, and clinical outcome. Results: Cannabis users demonstrated better cognition at psychosis onset, which was explained by higher premorbid IQ. They also showed better social function and neither measure changed over the subsequent 15 months. Cannabis users had an earlier age at onset of psychosis, and there was a strong linear relationship between age at first cannabis use and age at onset of both prodromal and psychotic symptoms. ...
https://www.uniad.org.br/artigos/2-artigos-internacionais/the-effect-of-cannabis-use-and-cognitive-reserve-on-age-at-onset-and-psychosis-outcomes-in-first-episode-schizophrenia/
Multiple Sclerosis Research: Clinic speak: brain reserve and cognitive declineMultiple Sclerosis Research: Clinic speak: brain reserve and cognitive decline
METHODS: Forty MSers underwent baseline and 4.5-year follow-up evaluations of cognitive efficiency (Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task) and memory (Selective Reminding Test, Spatial Recall Test). Baseline and follow-up MRIs quantified disease progression: percentage brain volume change (cerebral atrophy), percentage change in T2 lesion volume. MLBG (brain reserve) was estimated with intracranial volume; intellectual enrichment (cognitive reserve) was estimated with vocabulary. We performed repeated-measures analyses of covariance to investigate whether larger MLBG and/or greater intellectual enrichment moderate/attenuate cognitive decline over time, controlling for disease progression. ...
http://multiple-sclerosis-research.blogspot.com/2014/04/clinic-speak-brain-reserve-and.html
Successful Cognitive Aging in Only One Fifth of US HIV Group 50 or OlderSuccessful Cognitive Aging in Only One Fifth of US HIV Group 50 or Older
The researchers proposed that age and HIV infection have additive adverse effects on successful cognitive aging. Higher levels of cognitive reserve may play an important protective role in SCA-ANDS across the lifespan, they observed, particularly among older persons living with HIV. The UCSD team suggested that interventions aimed at improving and maintaining cognitive reserve to bolster successful cognitive aging throughout life may protect against neurocognitive disorders and promote mental well-being. They called for longitudinal studies to chart the course of successful cognitive aging throughout life and to further identify predictors and neurobiological underpinnings ...
http://www.natap.org/2013/AGE/AGE_01.htm
Yu-Tzu Wu University of ExeterYu-Tzu Wu University of Exeter
BACKGROUND: Potentially modifiable lifestyle factors may influence cognitive health in later life and offer potential to reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. The concept of cognitive reserve has been proposed as a mechanism to explain individual differences in rates of cognitive decline, but its potential role as a mediating pathway has seldom been explored using data from large epidemiological studies. We explored the mediating effect of cognitive reserve on the cross-sectional association between lifestyle factors and cognitive function in later life using data from a population-based cohort of healthy older people. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We analysed data from 2,315 cognitively healthy participants aged 65 y and over in the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study Wales (CFAS-Wales) cohort collected in 2011-2013. Linear regression modelling was used to investigate the overall associations between five lifestyle factors-cognitive and social activity, physical activity, diet, alcohol ...
http://psychology.exeter.ac.uk/staff/index.php?web_id=Yu-Tzu_Wu&tab=pubs
neurodegeneration | Involvement of p53 in the cytotoxic activity of the NAMPT inhibitor FK866neurodegeneration | Involvement of p53 in the cytotoxic activity of the NAMPT inhibitor FK866
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimers disease (Advertisement) represent factors on the continuum of cognitive performance in aged populations. mediated by modifications in central insulin and neurotrophic aspect signaling and blood sugar fat burning capacity, with downstream implications for deposition of amyloid beta and hyperphosphorylated tau. The metabolic reserve hypothesis SB590885 is normally backed by epidemiological results, and the spectral range of specific cognitive trajectories during maturing, with extra data from pet models determining potential mechanisms because of this romantic relationship. Id of biomarkers for metabolic reserve could help out with producing a predictive model for the probability of cognitive decrease with ageing. Keywords: workout, BDNF, insulin, caloric limitation, diet plan, neurodegeneration, diabetes, metabolic symptoms Intro Alzheimers disease (Advertisement) is connected with steady impairment of memory space and cognition occurring past due in ...
http://fk866.net/tag/neurodegeneration/
Head circumference, atrophy, and cognition: Implications for brain reserve in Alzheimer disease<...Head circumference, atrophy, and cognition: Implications for brain reserve in Alzheimer disease<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Head circumference, atrophy, and cognition. T2 - Implications for brain reserve in Alzheimer disease. AU - Perneczky, R.. AU - Wagenpfeil, S.. AU - Lunetta, K. L.. AU - Cupples, L. A.. AU - Green, R. C.. AU - DeCarli, Charles. AU - Farrer, L. A.. AU - Kurz, A.. PY - 2010/7/13. Y1 - 2010/7/13. N2 - Background: Clinical and epidemiologic studies suggest that patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) with larger head circumference have better cognitive performance at the same level of brain pathology than subjects with smaller head circumference. Methods: A total of 270 patients with AD participating in the Multi-Institutional Research in Alzheimers Genetic Epidemiology (MIRAGE) study underwent cognitive testing, APOE genotyping, and MRI of the brain in a cross-sectional study. Linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between cerebral atrophy, as a proxy for AD pathology, and level of cognitive function, adjusting for age, duration of AD symptoms, gender, head ...
https://ucdavis.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/head-circumference-atrophy-and-cognition-implications-for-brain-r
Impact of Neuroprotection on Incidence of Alzheimers DiseaseImpact of Neuroprotection on Incidence of Alzheimers Disease
Converging evidence suggests that high levels of education and intellectual activity increase the cognitive reserve and reduce the risk of dementia. However, little is known about the impact that different neuroprotective strategies may have on the incidence of Alzheimers disease. Using a simple mathematical regression model, it is shown here that age-specific counts of basic cognitive units (surrogate of neurons or synapses) in the normal population can be estimated from Alzheimers incidence rates. Hence, the model can be used to test the effect of neuroprotection on Alzheimers incidence. It was found that the number of basic cognitive units decreases with age, but levels off in older people. There were no gender differences after correcting for survival. The model shows that even modest neuroprotective effects on basic cognitive units can lead to dramatic reductions in the number of Alzheimers cases. Most remarkably, a 5% increase in the cognitive reserve would prevent one third of Alzheimers
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0000052
Perioperative Cognitive Function - Dexmedetomidine and Cognitive Reserve - Tabular View - ClinicalTrials.govPerioperative Cognitive Function - Dexmedetomidine and Cognitive Reserve - Tabular View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Postoperative Delirium or PD and Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction or POCD are syndromes of central nervous system dysfunction that significantly complicate the recovery of a proportion of elderly patients following surgery.. Delirium is typically a transient syndrome characterized by a de-novo appearance of several pathognomonic behaviors, including disorientation, decreased attention span, sensory misperceptions, a waxing-and-waning type of confusion, and disorganized thinking. PD typically occurs on postoperative days 1 to 3 and is associated with prolonged hospital stays, increased risks for morbidity and mortality and significant health care expenditures.. The neuroendocrine stress response to surgery, including the immediate postoperative period, remains an important potential etiologic factor. In particular, our data suggests that stress in the immediate postoperative period is poorly controlled by all anesthetic techniques and the normal diurnal variation in cortisol is suppressed in ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT00561678
Perioperative Cognitive Function - Dexmedetomidine and Cognitive Reserve - Study Results - ClinicalTrials.govPerioperative Cognitive Function - Dexmedetomidine and Cognitive Reserve - Study Results - ClinicalTrials.gov
The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/results/NCT00561678
Cognitive training - WikipediaCognitive training - Wikipedia
The term cognitive training (also called brain training or neurobics) reflects a hypothesis that cognitive abilities can be maintained or improved by exercising the brain, in an analogy to the way physical fitness is improved by exercising the body. Although there is strong evidence that aspects of brain structure remain plastic throughout life, and that high levels of mental activity are associated with reduced risks of age-related dementia, scientific support for the concept of brain fitness is limited. The term is infrequently used in academic literature, but is commonly used in the context of self-help books and commercial products. Cognitive reserve is the capacity of a person to meet the various cognitive demands of life and is evident in an ability to assimilate information, comprehend relationships, and develop reasonable conclusions and plans. Cognitive training is a hypothesis that certain activities, done regularly, might help maintain or improve cognitive reserve. As of 2016, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_training
Bilingualism acts as a cognitive reserve factor against dementiaBilingualism acts as a cognitive reserve factor against dementia
The conclusions of a study carried out by VÃ-ctor Costumero, as the first author, Marco Calabria and Albert Costa (died in 2018), members of the Speech Prod
https://www.scienceweekdigest.com/bilingualism-acts-as-a-cognitive-reserve-factor-against-dementia-iid-719802
Multiple Sclerosis Research: #ThinkSpeak: unrelated comments as a forum for changeMultiple Sclerosis Research: #ThinkSpeak: unrelated comments as a forum for change
This is has been discussed endlessly under the so called asynchronous progressive MS hypothesis and length-dependent axonopathy hypothesis. Unfortunately, progression is often primed by previous damage and switching off inflammation now with alemtuzumab is unable to repair the previous damage that has primed neurons and axons to die off over time. This is why we recommend early effective treatment to prevent damage. Another factor that plays out in so called progressive disease is premature ageing. Life is a sexually-transmitted neurodegenerative disease. If we all live long-enough we will see the effects of ageing on the nervous system (poor memory, unsteadiness of gait, poor balance, reduced hearing, etc.). What protects us from age-related neurodegeneration is brain and cognitive reserve. Unfortunately, MS reduces both brain and cognitive reserve and brings ageing forward in time. Alemtuzumab like all other DMTs that have been licensed to treat MS have not been shown to impact on ageing of ...
http://multiple-sclerosis-research.blogspot.com/2017/01/thinkspeak-unrelated-comments-as-forum.html
MSParis2017 - Cognitive Reserve Provides Long-Term Benefits to POMSMSParis2017 - Cognitive Reserve Provides Long-Term Benefits to POMS
Read about the report that intellectual enrichment strategies can have a positive long-term benefit for pediatric-onset MS patients.
https://dev.multiplesclerosisnewstoday.com/2017/10/26/msparis2017-cognitive-reserve-can-provide-long-term-benefits-to-poms/
Zestos: Enabling life through communication of research: November 2010Zestos: Enabling life through communication of research: November 2010
A recent study shows that you need to use it or lose it also applies to brain function as well. They found that Education, occupation attainment, and leisure activities all contributed to brain reserve. Interesting that education, which generally occurs earlier in life effects brain reserve later in life. Occupational attainment is an interesting one as anyone can climb the ladder, so to speak, in their profession. When this occurs people generally have more complex problems to solve, so increased brain function could be expected. Again leisure activities generally either us the thinking mind (eg board games or jigsaws) or physical part of the brain (eg hand eye coordination). There could also be some cross over, eg you need a strategy, or able to read the play in a team sport ...
http://blog.zestos.co.nz/2010/11/
Not all older adults develop dementia: Exploring underlying compensatory mechanisms related to healthy brain aging - ARCNot all older adults develop dementia: Exploring underlying compensatory mechanisms related to healthy brain aging - ARC
PI: Laura Fratiglioni. In this multidisciplinary research project, we seek to identify possible pathways to healthier brain aging.. Studies suggest that over the course of our lives, healthy behaviors lead to the accumulation of brain reserve. That is, they create a better ability to cope with changes in the brain without developing the symptoms of cognitive (mental) decline or dementia. We hypothesize that higher brain reserve reduces the risk of cognitive decline and dementia by improving metabolism and reducing inflammation in the brain. Moreover, we suggest that brain reserve functions independently of other factors that are related to cognitive decline and dementia, including genetic predisposition, vascular burden (lesions in the brain), and the buildup of amyloid (protein fragments) in the brain.. In this 5-year project, we will estimate mental variability in people with differing deposition of amyloid in the brain as detected by positron emission tomography and differing vascular burden ...
https://ki-su-arc.se/research/ongoing-projects/not-all-older-adults-develop-dementia-exploring-underlying-compensatory-mechanisms-related-to-healthy-brain-aging/
My aging brain makes me feel stupidMy aging brain makes me feel stupid
Heres the short version: In 1988, autopsies of several elderly people revealed the plaques and tangles associated with Alzheimers disease. However, these individuals, during their lifetimes, had displayed no signs of dementia. It has been hypothesized that theyd been buffered from the effects of the disease by the extra neuronal capacity that they had been born with (brain reserve) or accrued through years of intellectual and physical pursuits (cognitive reserve).. ...
http://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-0705-marx-brain-exercises-20150705-story.html
Study: Physical Activity and Higher Motor Skills Create a Cognitive Reserve Even When Brain Pathologies Are PresentStudy: Physical Activity and Higher Motor Skills Create a Cognitive Reserve Even When Brain Pathologies Are Present
New research combining postmortem examination of brain tissue with testing during life has revealed what researchers believe to be an as-yet unexplained connection: higher levels of physical activity (PA) and motor skills seem to create a cognitive reserve that buoys cognitive performance during life, even in the presence of Alzheimers disease (AD), Lewy body disease, and other brain pathologies associated with dementia.. For the study, published ahead of print in Neurology (abstract only available for free), researchers examined brain tissue from 454 participants involved in the Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP). The subjects participated in a battery of annual clinical assessments and agreed to brain donation at the time of death. The clinical tests included 21 cognitive assessments, an analysis of 10 motor abilities, and an estimation of total daily PA drawn from accelerometers worn constantly for 10 days (researchers in this study used only the first 7 days data). After death, brain ...
http://www.apta.org/PTinMotion/NewsNow/?blogid=10737418615&id=47244645273
Brain Reserve Capacity and its Role in Preventing Signs of Alzheimers DiseaseBrain Reserve Capacity and its Role in Preventing Signs of Alzheimers Disease
Identifying factors that increase the reserve capacity of the brain and enable people to tolerate the pathological changes that occur in the brains of
http://www.prohealth.com/library/showarticle.cfm?libid=4726
Healthy Matters: March 2016Healthy Matters: March 2016
2. Become Sociable : While there may be some benefits from surfing the internet, spending time with real people also helps the brain to be more efficient and helps build what is known in the medical field as cognitive reserve (spare capacity). The stronger the reserve the more likely you are to stave off conditions such as Alzheimers disease. Become sociable again, reconnect with old network, and build new relationships. Take up a new activity like enrolling in a course where you can meet new people, however, do not forget to be in regular contact with friends and family. Have an excuse to call mum every day. ...
http://myhealthymatters.blogspot.co.uk/2016/03/
9781442220492 - Building an Ageless Mind9781442220492 - Building an Ageless Mind
Contents: Introduction Section #1- Cognitive Stimulation 1: The Brain Age 2: What does the front of my brain do and why is it important as I age? 3: Where it all comes together: The Parietal Lobe. 4: Reasons why to not forget the Temporal Lobe and how we see the Occipital lobe. 5: What is Cognitive Reserve and how important is it in maintaining a healthy brain? Section #2-Aging and Disease 6: Alzheimers disease (AD)- What is it? How is it diagnosed? How does it progress? 7: Can cognitive Training affect the course of Aging and Alzheimers disease? 8: Chapter 8: Cognitive enhancements-Are there medications available that can affect my cognitive performance? What is the role of this type of medication in AD? 9: What is Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)? If I have MCI will I get AD? 10: How do I know if my brain is aging normally? Section #3-Healthy Living as we Age 11: Exercise & Diet: Can exercise really help my brain as I age? How much is enough? Is there really such a thing as brain food? 12: ...
https://www.wisepress.com/ebooks/building-an-ageless-mind/
Obesity Linked to Alzheimers | Fisher Center for Alzheimers Research FoundationObesity Linked to Alzheimers | Fisher Center for Alzheimers Research Foundation
December 23, 2009. Being overweight or obese leads to brain shrinkage in old age and, researchers say, an increased risk of Alzheimers disease. Those are the findings from scientists at the University of California, Los Angeles, and the University of Pittsburgh.. The brains of obese people looked 16 years older than the brains of those who were lean, and in overweight people looked 8 years older, said Paul Thompson, a brain researcher at U.C.L.A. who was the studys senior author. Thats a big loss of tissue, and it depletes your cognitive reserves, putting you at much greater risk of Alzheimers and other diseases that attack the brain.. Using high-resolution brain scans, the researchers found that the brains of those who were overweight or obese shrank by 4 to 8 percent compared to peers who were at a healthy weight. Brain areas that were particularly affected were the frontal lobes and the hippocampus, areas critical for thinking and memory.. Although none of the 94 seniors, ages 70 and ...
https://www.alzinfo.org/articles/diagnosis-and-causes-13/
Brain games: A great defense against AlzheimersBrain games: A great defense against Alzheimers
Millions of people already have Alzheimers disease and, for those over the age of 65, the disease is the fifth leading cause of death. Heres how brain games can increase your cognitive reserve and potentially ward off the brain-degenerating disease.
http://www.sheknows.com/health-and-wellness/articles/815527/brain-games-a-great-defense-against-alzheimer-s-1
DIGITAL.CSIC: Influence of anaerobic and aerobic exercise on age-related pathways in skeletal muscleDIGITAL.CSIC: Influence of anaerobic and aerobic exercise on age-related pathways in skeletal muscle
The aging process is characterized by the progressive loss of physiological stability, lower physical and cognitive reserve, and increased vulnerability to death. This progressive deterioration in organismal homeostasis is considered the underlying trigger of most chronic diseases like diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Experimental challenges that increase the rate of biological and cognitive decline are linked to accelerated aging while interventions that slow the aging process are accompanied by an extension in healthy lifespan (López-Otín et al., 2013; Kennedy et al., 2014 ...
https://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/163561
Cognitive disease: what impacts our brain power? | NouseCognitive disease: what impacts our brain power? | Nouse
In the case of the brain, it is very much a use it or lose it situation. It can be questioned whether those who lead more intellectually stimulating lives, challenging their brains, somehow acquire protection from the mental decline that we believe comes naturally with age. This question does not only stand for age but other insults too, from intoxication and head injuries to strokes, Alzheimers and Parkinsons disease.. In its 2015 annual report, the Alzheimers Association estimates that by 2025, the number of people age 65 and older with Alzheimers will reach 7.1 million - a 40% increase from 5.1 million aged 65 and older affected in 2015. Furthermore, it is estimated that 6.8 million people die from neurological disorders each year.. The ideology that those who perform better in academia will suffer to a lesser extent from neurological disease than those who do not is controversial. The theory has been described by scientists as cognitive reserve. This theory suggests that detrimental ...
http://www.nouse.co.uk/2015/11/29/cognitive-disease-what-impacts-our-brain-power/
Newborn computer games prevent elderly dementia | The McGill TribuneNewborn computer games prevent elderly dementia | The McGill Tribune
The feeling of hitting your maximum capacity to remember facts is not a foreign concept to students-especially the night before an exam. Fortunately, ones cognitive reserve is far from rigid. Recent research has shown that keeping your cognitive faculties active may be instrumental in preventing the age-related neurodegenerative diseases that affect one in every 11 Canadians over the age of 65.. Today, online brain-training programs like Lumosity are at an all-time peak in popularity. Youth and adults alike are more eager than ever to find ways of keeping their minds active and sharp as they age, while enjoying the immediate daily benefits that accompany heightened mental agility.. Now, thanks to McGills Dr. Jens Pruessner and his team at the PONDER project, the public can access these online brain training exercises for free, while contributing invaluable data to ground-breaking neurological research.. PONDER-Prevention of Neurological Diseases in Everyone at Risk-is a free, personal mental ...
https://www.mcgilltribune.com/sci-tech/newborn-computer-games-prevent-elderly-dementia/
Multiple Sclerosis Research: #ClinicSpeak & #PoliticalSpeak: ageing the other elephant in the roomMultiple Sclerosis Research: #ClinicSpeak & #PoliticalSpeak: ageing the other elephant in the room
Age, in particular old age (, 50 years of age), is a poor prognostic factor for MS and for most other neurological disorders. The aged brain does not deal with insults very well. Why? Age chews up brain and cognitive reserve and hence the capacity for the brain to recover from attacks is limited. I am convinced that a large part of the treatment response in DMT trials is driven by recovery of function, which may explain why in almost all studies the older you are the less effective the DMT. This is particularly evident in progressive MS trials, for example in the rituximab, ocrelizumab and siponimod trials. The implications of this is that when one these drugs get to market will NICE, and other payers, dare look at the cost-effectiveness of these treatments in older pwMS and decide that it is simply not worth paying for DMTs if you are above a certain age. ...
http://multiple-sclerosis-research.blogspot.gr/2017/08/clinicspeak-politicalspeak-ageing-other.html
Computer- based cognitive neurorehabilitation - This Is MS Multiple Sclerosis Knowledge & Support CommunityComputer- based cognitive neurorehabilitation - This Is MS Multiple Sclerosis Knowledge & Support Community
The two groups were well matched on demographic and clinical characteristics, cognitive reserve and severity of cognitive deficits at baseline assessment. At post treatment assessment the IG group showed significant improvements with large effect sizes; in verbal learning [z = -4.759, p ,.0005, g = 2.898], visuospatial memory [z = -3.940, p ,.0005, g = 1.699] and information processing speed [z= -4.792, p ,.0005, g = 2.980], compared with the sham control group. We also found significant between group differences on physical [z=-3.308, p = .001, g= -.604], cognitive [z = -4.011, p ,.0005, g = -1.654], psychosocial [z= 3.308, p = .010, g = -.940], and general fatigue impact [z= -2.623, p = .008, g = -.519], depression severity [z = -2.730, p = .006, g = -.519], and quality of life [z= -4.239, p ,.0005, g = -1.885] in favor of the treated group ...
https://www.thisisms.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=31332
Scientists Seek To Discover Why Some Minds Resist The Damage That Comes With Old AgeScientists Seek To Discover Why Some Minds Resist The Damage That Comes With Old Age
Its called cognitive reserve, and its the phenomenon of the minds resistance to damage of the brain. Its also the subject of not only an upcoming new data and biomedical sample resource, but also a related request for information (RFI) from the NIA and a first-of-its-kind workshop in September.
https://www.forbes.com/sites/robinseatonjefferson/2019/06/19/scientists-seek-to-discover-why-some-minds-resist-the-damage-that-comes-with-old-age/?utm_source=CUIMC%2BWMR%2BGroup&utm_campaign=fed191cb91-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2019_06_20_03_30&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_94b258956c-fed191cb91-166034477
London Education and Inclusion Project (LEIP): A cluster-randomised controlled trial protocol of an intervention to reduce...London Education and Inclusion Project (LEIP): A cluster-randomised controlled trial protocol of an intervention to reduce...
TY - JOUR. T1 - London Education and Inclusion Project (LEIP). T2 - A cluster-randomised controlled trial protocol of an intervention to reduce antisocial behaviour and improve educational/occupational attainment for pupils at risk of school exclusion. AU - Obsuth, Ingrid. AU - Sutherland, Alex. AU - Pilbeam, Liv. AU - Scott, Sarah. AU - Valdebenito, Sara. AU - Carr, Rosanna. AU - Eisner, Manuel. PY - 2014/8/15. Y1 - 2014/8/15. N2 - Background: In 2011/12 about 6% of pupils in England who were in the last two years of compulsory education(Years 10 and 11) experienced one or more fixed period school exclusions a for disciplinary reasons and there are roughly 300,000 fixed period exclusions every year in England and Wales (Department for Education, 2013a).Excluded pupils are at a greatly increased risk of failing GCSE examinations, not being in employment, education or training (NEET) at ages 16-24, and having criminal convictions as adolescents or young adults. To date, little or no research has ...
https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/london-education-and-inclusion-project-leip-a-cluster-randomised-
The Ultimate Guide To brain healthThe Ultimate Guide To brain health
An interesting finding was that certain types of intellectual exercise and stimulation could protect in opposition to quite a few forms of cognitive decrease. Browse more details on the conclusions in this article. A study from Columbia University supports the thought of brain reserve Which instruction, occupation and stimulating leisure things to do all lessen the likely danger of creating brain illness. Go through more details on the findings right here. The scientific studies furnished Listed here are published by impartial third events plus the publication of these kinds of material by Fit Brains would not suggest any affiliation with Healthy Brains or endorsement of Match Brains products and solutions. Almost nothing you read on this Web site needs to be considered health-related or health assistance. Information and statements about brain education computer software for instance Match Brains havent been evaluated by regulatory authorities and therefore are not intended to diagnose, deal ...
http://alexisykml802594.mybjjblog.com/the-ultimate-guide-to-brain-health-2165336
Treating Heart Disease Risk Factors May Slow Alzheimers Disease Progression - Drugs.com MedNewsTreating Heart Disease Risk Factors May Slow Alzheimers Disease Progression - Drugs.com MedNews
- Late Life Weight Loss and Motivational Reserve May Also Affect Alzheimer s Risk - A new study suggests that treating risk factors for heart disease and stroke
https://www.drugs.com/clinical_trials/treating-heart-risk-factors-may-slow-alzheimer-s-progression-1255.html
Epub Microlocal Analysis And Precise Spectral AsymptoticsEpub Microlocal Analysis And Precise Spectral Asymptotics
First, difficult systems decided the epub Microlocal Analysis and Precise Spectral stage; and some political capital; by using for democratic officer from the United Kingdom, being the students( and different voter) among Silicon Valley political neighbors, and being past tours with a global, intolerant Freedom of Important good Annuities. Although their Varieties and reserves may too be brought back overtaken, these Global Thinkers group; local. having distance amid democracy is the time to subnational reconciliation for these Global Thinkers, who are reinforcing that it ignores liberal for a modern, according system to See progressive of sites, for a standard accedere to play its school from giant use cookies, and for gas; successfully interval; to testify a regulation from attack. There gives dramatically held to bring, and before more to like, about the new dangerously. ** Latin American pitfalls, among prime processes. Gonzalez is a use specific of the JHU SAIS Max M. Fisher Prize for ...
http://lisus.com.ar/contable/VersionCooperba/fonts/ebook.php?q=epub-Microlocal-Analysis-and-Precise-Spectral-Asymptotics.html
U.S. inflation fears startle tense share marketsU.S. inflation fears startle tense share markets
Asian share markets, already ragged after five months of turmoil, fell deeper on Monday as rising U.S. inflation and high oil prices fanned concerns the Federal Reserve may be unable to make deeper rate cuts to prevent a possible recession.
http://www.ibtimes.com/us-inflation-fears-startle-tense-share-markets-205372
High good, low bad: Mead in September 2012 | Chance of RainHigh good, low bad: Mead in September 2012 | Chance of Rain
With Lake Mead half full at the close of the 2012 water year, science writer John Fleck asks if Lower Basin states squandered their reserve on hookers and blow?
http://chanceofrain.com/2012/10/high-good-low-bad-mead-in-september-2012/
Blooming Bryn Euryn | everyday nature trailsBlooming Bryn Euryn | everyday nature trails
The local nature reserve on Bryn Euryn is a popular venue for a wide variety of walkers and is not usually the place I head for if I fancy a long peaceful walk. But, if you happen to get the timing right there are occasions when you can meander around and almost have the place…
https://theresagreen.me/2012/05/11/blooming-bryn-euryn/
Aging brainAging brain
The ability of an individual to demonstrate no cognitive signs of aging despite an aging brain is called cognitive reserve. ... Whalley LJ, Deary IJ, Appleton CL, Starr JM (November 2004). "Cognitive reserve and the neurobiology of cognitive aging". ... Studies of cognitive reserve explore the specific biological, genetic and environmental differences which make one person ... Scarmeas, N.; Stern, Y. (2003). "Cognitive reserve and lifestyle". Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 25 (5 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aging_brain
EducationEducation
Richards, M.; Sacker, A. (2003). "Lifetime Antecedents of Cognitive Reserve". Journal of Clinical and Experimental ... Ansari, D; Coch, D (2006). "Bridges over troubled waters: Education and cognitive neuroscience". Trends in Cognitive Sciences. ... Education is also becoming[when?] a commodity no longer reserved for children;[citation needed] adults need it too. Some ... The category ISCED 5 is reserved for short-cycle courses of requiring degree level study. Higher education typically involves ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education
Environmental enrichmentEnvironmental enrichment
Pai MC, Tsai JJ (2005). "Is cognitive reserve applicable to epilepsy? The effect of educational level on the cognitive decline ... There are two mains areas of focus: neurological rehabilitation and cognitive reserve, the brain's resistance to the effects of ... Roe CM, Mintun MA, D'Angelo G, Xiong C, Grant EA, Morris JC (November 2008). "Alzheimer's and Cognitive Reserve: Education ... Moreover, this research also suggests that environmental enrichment leads to a greater level of cognitive reserve, the brain's ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_enrichment
Eli VakilEli Vakil
Levi, Y., Rassovsky, Y., Agranov, E., Sela-Kaufman, M., & Vakil, E. (2013). Cognitive reserve components as expressed in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eli_Vakil
Choroba Alzheimera, wolna encyklopediaChoroba Alzheimera, wolna encyklopedia
a b Stern Y. Cognitive reserve and Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders. . 20 (2), s. 112-117, 2006-07 ... Cognitive reserve hypothesis: Pittsburgh Compound B and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in relation to ... Meditation effects on cognitive function and cerebral blood flow in subjects with memory loss: a preliminary study. „Journal of ... Multiple cognitive deficits during the transition to Alzheimer's disease. „J Intern Med". 256 (3), s. 195-204, 09 2004. DOI: ...
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choroba_Alzheimera
Yaakov SternYaakov Stern
Cognitive reserve?". Neurology. 53: 1942-1957. doi:10.1212/wnl.53.9.1942. PMID 10599762. Stern, Y. (2009). "Cognitive reserve ... "Bio". Stern, Y. (2002). "What is cognitive reserve? Theory and research application of the reserve concept". Journal of the ... He edited a book on cognitive reserve. Stern's earliest work focused on identifying cognitive changes in nondemented patients ... Stern's work in cognitive reserve is the most cited in the list of 300 papers in Alzheimer's Disease research compiled by the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaakov_Stern
Neuroscience of multilingualismNeuroscience of multilingualism
Multilingualism aids in the building up of cognitive reserves in the brain; these cognitive reserves force the brain to work ... This increase of cognitive reserve might be attributed to the increase of grey matter in bilingual individuals. Since bilingual ... an ischemic stroke have shown to have a better cognitive outcome which researchers believe is due to a higher cognitive reserve ... This is attributed again to the increase of grey matter since it is involved in cognitive control and higher cognitive ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience_of_multilingualism
EducationEducation
Richards, M.; Sacker, A. (2003). "Lifetime Antecedents of Cognitive Reserve". Journal of Clinical and Experimental ... Ansari, D; Coch, D (2006). "Bridges over troubled waters: Education and cognitive neuroscience". Trends in Cognitive Sciences. ... Education is also becoming[when?] a commodity no longer reserved for children;[citation needed] adults need it too.[101] Some ... Educational psychology both draws from and contributes to cognitive science and the learning sciences. In universities, ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education
Alzheimers diseaseAlzheimer's disease
"Cognitive Reserve and the Prevention of Dementia: the Role of Physical and Cognitive Activities". Current Psychiatry Reports. ... Stern Y (July 2006). "Cognitive reserve and Alzheimer disease". Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders. 20 (3 Suppl 2): S69 ... The symptoms will progress from mild cognitive problems, such as memory loss through increasing stages of cognitive and non- ... This is compatible with the cognitive reserve theory, which states that some life experiences result in more efficient neural ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer's
DementiaDementia
Cheng ST (September 2016). "Cognitive Reserve and the Prevention of Dementia: the Role of Physical and Cognitive Activities". ... cognitive activity strengthens neural plasticity and together they help to support cognitive reserve. The neglect of these risk ... Cognitive awareness is needed for eating and swallowing and progressive cognitive decline results in eating and swallowing ... February 2020). "Computerised cognitive training for 12 or more weeks for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia
MonolingualismMonolingualism
Cognitive reserve refers to the idea that engaging in stimulating physical or mental activity maintains cognitive functioning ( ... It is believed that bilingualism contributes to cognitive reserve by preventing effects of cognitive delay and prolonging the ... To test whether or not bilingualism contributes to cognitive reserve, Bialystok et al. (2012) looked at hospital records among ... making the argument the bilingualism contributes to cognitive reserve even stronger (Bialystok et al., 2012). That finding ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monolingualism
Andreas MaerckerAndreas Maercker
Other models of mental disorder or phenomena development concern, e.g. the "motivational reserve" (parallel to cognitive ... ISBN 978-0-8039-5257-7. Forstmeier, S. & Maercker, A. (2008). Motivational reserve: Lifetime motivational abilities contribute ... reserve) (with S. Forstmeier) of older people which is based on life and learning history resources and is assumed to ... to cognitive and emotional health in old age. In: Psychology and Aging. 23, 886-899. Build brainpower to slow Alzheimer's (2007 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreas_Maercker
Ellen BialystokEllen Bialystok
These results support the hypothesis maintaining that bilingualism works as a contributor to cognitive reserve and acts as a ... Not only do these data support the notion of bilingualism contributing to cognitive reserve, thereby compensating for higher ... as their enhanced cognitive reserve brought about by bilingualism would allow a higher level of functioning than would usually ... It is thought that bilingualism might be a factor contributing to cognitive reserve, which in turn, may help delay the onset of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellen_Bialystok
Penyakit Alzheimer Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebasPenyakit Alzheimer Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebas
"Cognitive Reserve and the Prevention of Dementia: the Role of Physical and Cognitive Activities". Current Psychiatry Reports. ... "Cognitive reserve and Alzheimer disease". Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders. 20 (3 Suppl 2): S69-74. doi:10.1097/01. ... Januari 2004). "Mild cognitive impairment can be distinguished from Alzheimer disease and normal aging for clinical trials". ... Birks J, Grimley Evans J (Januari 2009). "Ginkgo biloba for cognitive impairment and dementia". The Cochrane Database of ...
https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penyakit_Alzheimer
Intelligence and educationIntelligence and education
Alexandria, VA: Human Resources Research Organization Richards, M., Sacker, A. (2003) Lifetime Antecedents of Cognitive Reserve ... In one study which measured around 70,000 children in the UK, they investigated how a general factor in the Cognitive Abilities ... Child Development, 65, 684-698 Baltes, P., & Reinert, G. (1969). Cohort effects in cognitive development in children as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence_and_education
Alzheimers sygdom, den frie encyklopædiAlzheimers sygdom, den frie encyklopædi
a b c d Stern Y. Cognitive reserve and Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders. juli 2006;20(2):112-117. ... a b c Multiple Cognitive Deficits During the Transition to Alzheimer's Disease. Journal of Internal Medicine. 2004;256(3):195- ... Ginkgo Biloba for Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2009;(1):CD003120. doi: ... Irvine K. Greater cognitive deterioration in women than men with Alzheimer's disease: a meta analysis. Journal of Clinical and ...
https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimers_sygdom
Kristina Hooper WoolseyKristina Hooper Woolsey
Woolsey also serves as Adjunct Faculty in the Department of Cognitive Science at Case Western Reserve University. She is ... Kristina Hooper Woolsey is an American scholar and cognitive scientist known as the "mother of multimedia" for her pioneering ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristina_Hooper_Woolsey
Cryptic crosswordCryptic crossword
Almond, N.M., Use-it-or-lose-it: Investigating the cognitive reserve hypothesis and use-dependency theory, PhD thesis. 2010, ... Schulman, A., The Art of the Puzzler, in Cognitive Ecology: Handbook of Perception and Cognition, M.P. Friedman and E.C. ... Introduction to linguistics/cognitive science. 2012, London: Routledge. Aarons, D.L. (2015). "Following Orders: Playing Fast ... Several discrete areas have been explored: the cognitive or linguistic challenges posed by cryptic clues,; the mechanisms by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptic_crossword
Brain trainingBrain training
Cognitive reserve is the capacity of a person to meet the various cognitive demands of life and is evident in an ability to ... Cognitive training includes interventions targeted at improving cognitive abilities. One hypothesis to support cognitive ... might help maintain or improve cognitive reserve. Cognitive training studies often target clinical groups such as people with ... Scarmeas, N; Y Stern (2003). "Cognitive reserve and lifestyle". J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 25 (5): 625-33. doi:10.1076/jcen.25.5. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_training
Merlin DonaldMerlin Donald
In the fall of 2005, Donald became the founding chair of the cognitive science department at Case Western Reserve University. ... "Merlin Donald-Adjunct Professor of Cognitive Science". Case Western Reserve University. Retrieved 18 April 2013. Merlin Donald ... human cognitive phylogenesis and the possibility of continuing cognitive evolution." In D. Johnson & C. Ermeling (Eds.) The ... He concludes that what drove brain expansion was not the cognitive demands of toolmaking or spatial mapping of the environment ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merlin_Donald
Every Student Succeeds ActEvery Student Succeeds Act
This one percent is reserved for students with severe cognitive disabilities, who will be required to take an alternate ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Every_Student_Succeeds_Act
Creativity and mental healthCreativity and mental health
Negative symptoms (abnormal functioning of emotions and behavior) include "flat affect", anhedonia, reserved. Cognitive ... People with schizophrenia live with positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. Positive symptoms (psychotic behaviors that are ... "Cognitive training for divergent thinking in schizophrenia: A pilot study". Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creativity_and_mental_health
Barbara SahakianBarbara Sahakian
... such as cognitive reserve and resilience to stress. Sahakian recently presented on neuroscience and mental health policy at the ... differential diagnosis and proof of concept studies using cognitive enhancing drugs and cognitive training. In her research, ... Sahakian is best known for her work on cognitive enhancement using pharmacological treatments, early detection of Alzheimer's ... Sahakian's research is aimed at understanding the neural basis of cognitive, emotional and behavioural dysfunction to develop ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Sahakian
Curonian Spit National Park (Lithuania)Curonian Spit National Park (Lithuania)
The cognitive trail of Nagliai is the only place from which you can explore the reserve's objects. In 1675-1854 four Nagliai ... Nagliai nature reserve is a place for habitats of rare plants, included in the Red Book, four villages and two old cemetery ... Nagliai nature reserve protects the Dead dunes. Dead (Mirusios), or Gray (Pilkosios) dunes are large sand hills built by strong ... Any human activity is prohibited in the reserve except for scientific observations. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curonian_Spit_National_Park_(Lithuania)
Richard BoyatzisRichard Boyatzis
... and Cognitive Science at Case Western Reserve University. He is considered an expert in the field of emotional intelligence, ... and Cognitive Science at Case Western Reserve University, and HR Horvitz Professor of Family Business, as well as Adjunct ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Boyatzis
Tourette syndromeTourette syndrome
Pharmacological intervention is reserved for more severe symptoms, while psychotherapy or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) ... Children with TS-only do not show cognitive deficits. They are faster than average for their age on timed tests of motor ... Sadek B, Saad A, Sadeq A, Jalal F, Stark H (October 2016). "Histamine H3 receptor as a potential target for cognitive symptoms ... The ability to suppress tics depends on brain circuits that "regulate response inhibition and cognitive control of motor ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourette_syndrome
Management of Tourette syndromeManagement of Tourette syndrome
Pharmacological intervention is reserved for more severe symptoms, while psychotherapy or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) ... Additional side effects can be school phobia (a form of separation anxiety), depression, weight gain, and cognitive blunting ( ... and cognitive function. Co-occurring OCD can also be a source of impairment, necessitating treatment. Not all persons with tics ... and cognitive function, accounted for by the comorbid ADHD, highlighting the importance of identifying and treating other ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_of_Tourette_syndrome
Autism therapiesAutism therapies
... and associates with people engaging in more challenging cognitive activities) results in greater resilience (cognitive reserve ... Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800-". Retrieved January 1, 2020. Ganz ML. The lifetime ... Spreckley M, Boyd R. Efficacy of applied behavioral intervention in preschool children with autism for improving cognitive, ... "A Study of Memantine Hydrochloride (Namenda®) for Cognitive and Behavioral Impairment in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorders ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autism_therapies
Nonlinear mixed-effects modelNonlinear mixed-effects model
However, patients may differ widely in cognitive ability and reserve, so cognitive testing at a single time point can often ... aligns the trajectories of cognitive deterioration to reveal a common pattern of cognitive decline. Growth phenomena often ... Now suppose we have a set of longitudinal cognitive data ( y i 1 , … , y i n i ) {\displaystyle (y_{i1},\ldots ,y_{in_{i}})} ... Alzheimer's disease is characterized by a progressive cognitive deterioration. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonlinear_mixed-effects_model
Rudolph E. TanziRudolph E. Tanzi
... learn new things to build synaptic/cognitive reserve D - Diet - Mediterranean diet and plant-based diet to keep the gut ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolph_E._Tanzi
Alternative medicineAlternative medicine
"Cleveland, Ohio: Case Western Reserve University. Archived from the original on 2006-05-09. Retrieved 2010-09-23.. ... cognitive biases that help maintain self-esteem and promote harmonious social functioning,[122] and the post hoc, ergo propter ... and this classification does not include therapies with proven function such as cognitive behavioral therapy. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrative_medicine
Brain tumorBrain tumor
"Mood Swings and Cognitive Changes , American Brain Tumor Association". www.abta.org. Archived from the original on 2 August ... Radiotherapy, including stereotactic approaches, is reserved for inoperable cases. Several current research studies aim to ... "Mood Swings and Cognitive Changes , American Brain Tumor Association". www.abta.org. Archived from the original on 15 August ... such as cognitive and behavioral impairment (including impaired judgment, memory loss, lack of recognition, spatial orientation ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_tumors
Occupational health psychologyOccupational health psychology
Cognitive behavioral interventions have tended to have greatest impact on stress reduction.[133] ... Reserve army of labour. *Types of unemployment. *Unemployment Convention. *Unemployment benefits. *Unemployment extension ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_health_psychology
WhaleWhale
They have large reserves of blubber, more so for toothed whales as they are higher up the food chain than baleen whales. ... greater ratios of brain to body mass may increase the amount of brain mass available for more complex cognitive tasks. ... shallow dives while building their oxygen reserves, and then make a sounding dive.[11][45] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whale
Music therapyMusic therapy
Li, Hui-Chi; Wang, Hsiu-Hung; Chou, Fan-Hao; Chen, Kuei-Min (January 2015). "The Effect of Music Therapy on Cognitive ... This is different from many Western countries, because they reserve palliative care for patients who have an incurable illness ... Their success at establishing a means of communication and relationship with children with cognitive impairments at the ... Robert E. Krout (2008) took steps to design a cognitive behavioral application of improvisation to assess and improve ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurologic_music_therapy
EconomicsEconomics
"The Federal Reserve Board.. *^ Friedman, Milton (13 September 1970). "The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its ... their cognitive limitations, and the finite amount of time they have to make and execute a decision. Economic science centres ... Ben Bernanke, former Chairman of the Federal Reserve, is among the economists today generally accepting Friedman's analysis of ... Daniel Kahneman won the Nobel Prize in economics in 2002 for his and Amos Tversky's empirical discovery of several cognitive ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economics
Myers-Briggs Type IndicatorMyers-Briggs Type Indicator
Cognitive learning styles[edit]. The test is scored by evaluating each answer in terms of what it reveals about the taker. Each ... Since they tend to avoid the limelight, postpone decisions, and maintain a reserved posture, they are rarely found in executive ... The theory goes as such: if the dominant cognitive function is introverted the other functions are extraverted and vice versa. ... According to Jung, people use all four cognitive functions. However, one function is generally used in a more conscious and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myers-Briggs_Type_Indicator
Recruit trainingRecruit training
Formerly the Naval and Air Reserve jointly conduct BMQ for its recruits at the Naval Reserve Training Division Borden, Ontario ... recruits should be less likely to devote their remaining cognitive effort to judging the quality of persuasive messages and ... including those enlisting in the Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve Command. Reserve component enlistees receive the same ... Now the Naval Reserve conducts the Basic Military Naval Qualification in CFB Valcartier by the Canadian Forces Fleet School ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recruit_training
FemininityFemininity
Halpern, Diane F, Sex Differences In Cognitive Abilities, 2000 *^ "C. Burke: ''The Quest for Feminine Identity''". Cormacburke. ... reserve and a display of frailty, fear and incompetence."[20] ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminine
KavaKava
Regarding cognitive function, kava has been shown to have additive cognitive impairments while taken with alcohol when compared ... In Vanuatu, Tudei ("two days") kava is reserved for special ceremonial occasions and exporting it is not allowed. "Palisi" is a ... Heavy, long-term use of kava has been found to be free of association with reduced ability in saccade and cognitive tests, but ... Cairney S.; Maruff P.; Clough A. R.; Collie A.; Currie J.; Currie B. J. (2003). "Saccade and cognitive impairment associated ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kava
Karns City Area School DistrictKarns City Area School District
Reserves. In 2009, the district reported a $1,565,036 in an unreserved-undesignated fund balance. The designated fund balance ... To be eligible for mentally gifted programs in Pennsylvania, a student must have a cognitive ability of at least 130 as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karns_City_Area_School_District
Disability rights movementDisability rights movement
All rights reserved. Document maintained on server: www.lib.berkeley.edu/ by The Bancroft Library. www.bancroft.berkeley.edu/ ... Parents, friends, and siblings fought for education and acceptance when their loved ones with cognitive disabilities could not. ... Unfortunately for those with cognitive disabilities, their disability made it more difficult to be the best expert of their own ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disability_rights_movement
Cotton-top tamarinCotton-top tamarin
Cognitive Animal: Empirical and Theoretical Perspectives on Animal Cognition. MIT Press. pp. 265-274. ISBN 978-0-262-52322-6.. ... it survives in fragmented parks and reserves. One of the most important areas for the cotton-top is the Paramillo National Park ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton-top_tamarin
LamotrigineLamotrigine
Rash and other skin reactions are more common in children, so this medication is often reserved for adults. For patients whose ... No detrimental effects on cognitive function were observed; however, the only statistical improvement in core ADHD symptoms was ... daytime somnolence and cognitive functions in focal epilepsy". Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. 102 (2): 81-6. doi:10.1034/j.1600 ... and daytime somnolence and cognitive function.[57] However, a retrospective study of 109 patients' medical records found that ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamotrigine
Ludwig WittgensteinLudwig Wittgenstein
"The one hundred most influential works in cognitive science in the 20th century". Millennium Project. Archived from the ... and the family's large foreign currency reserves were used as a bargaining tool. Paul had escaped to Switzerland and then the ... of most influential twentieth-century works in cognitive science prepared by the University of Minnesota's Center for Cognitive ... of most influential twentieth-century works in cognitive science prepared by the University of Minnesota's Center for Cognitive ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein
AutonomyAutonomy
Piaget studied the cognitive development of children by analyzing them during their games and through interviews, establishing ... although it reserved certain privileges to the United States to protect its sovereign rights and interests.[6] Other examples ... Bieling, Peter J. (2000). "The Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale: Structure and Implications". Cognitive Therapy and Research. 24 (6): ... Berg Assistant Professor of Law and Bioethics Case Western Reserve University, Paul S. Appelbaum A. F. Zeleznik Distinguished ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomy
Political ecologyPolitical ecology
In a few cases, perhaps especially tragic local groups have been displaced to create national parks and reserves to 'conserve' ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_ecology
Bohemian GroveBohemian Grove
After 40 years of membership, the men earn "Old Guard" status, giving them reserved seating at the Grove's daily talks, as well ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohemian_Grove
Old ageOld age
Reduced mental and cognitive ability may afflict old age.[86][87]Memory loss is common in old age due to the decrease in speed ... that results from decreased reserves and disregulation[124] in multiple physiological systems".[122]:20 ... "cognitive and emotional processes" and reconstituted their "self-representation".[102]:5-6 ... "When does age-related cognitive decline begin?". Neurobiology of Aging. 30 (4): 507-514. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.09. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elderly
Frailty syndromeFrailty syndrome
It is well-agreed upon that declines in physiologic reserves and resilience is the essence of being frail.[13] Similarly, ... and cognitive impairment;[2] (b) physiologic impairments, such as activation of inflammation and coagulation systems,[3] anemia ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frailty_syndrome
Health informaticsHealth informatics
As CEO of California-based cognitive computing firm Apixio, Darren Schutle, explains that the care can be better fitted to the ... which is conducive to reserve and transmit information for premium management at national level. By 2006, 55 international/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_information_system
Academic publishingAcademic publishing
It was not at all unusual for a new discovery to be announced as an anagram, reserving priority for the discoverer, but ... Mahoney, Michael J. "Publication prejudices: An experimental study of confirmatory bias in the peer review system." Cognitive ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarly_literature
AccessibilityAccessibility
Agenda setting occurs through a cognitive process known as "accessibility".[82][83] Accessibility implies that the more ... A quiet place to gather for social conversation (a quieter space that is still visible to others should be reserved at social ... In psychology and cognitive science, a schema (plural schemata or schemas) describes a pattern of thought or behavior that ... cognitive load theory, and research on item-writing and test development. The TAMI is a non-commercial instrument that has been ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accessibility
Attachment in childrenAttachment in children
Secondly, the cognitive processes organising avoidant behaviour could help direct attention away from the unfulfilled desire ... B1's have been referred to as 'secure-reserved', B2's as 'secure-inhibited', B3's as 'secure-balanced,' and B4's as 'secure- ... because older children have a cognitive capacity to maintain relationships when the older person is not present, separation may ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attachment_in_children
AtaxiaAtaxia
Patients may exhibit a constellation of subtle to overt cognitive symptoms, which are gathered under the terminology of ... 40] Cerebellar circuitry has capacities to compensate and restore function thanks to cerebellar reserve, gathering multiple ... "Disorders of the cerebellum: ataxia, dysmetria of thought, and the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome". The Journal of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataxia
Peer pressurePeer pressure
Browning, Christopher R. (1998). Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland (reprint ed.). ... The social-cognitive aspect refers to the ability to gauge what others are thinking and is primarily controlled by the mPFC, ... Christopher Browning, most known for his book Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101, relies on an analysis of the men in ... Browning, Christopher (1998). Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland. London: Penguin. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer_pressure
VAXVAX
For VMS, P0 was used for user process space, P1 for process stack, S0 for the operating system, and S1 was reserved. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAX
AmphibianAmphibian
Its size is determined by its function as a glycogen and fat storage unit, and may change with the seasons as these reserves ... olfactory and cognitive abilities for hunting.[87][88] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphibian
Social determinants of healthSocial determinants of health
Cullati, Stéphane; Kliegel, Matthias; Widmer, Eric (2018-07-30). "Development of reserves over the life course and onset of ... delayed or impaired cognitive, personality, and social development), educational (learning disabilities, poor learning, early ... constitution of reserves[8] and a balance of power and prosperity of nations.[3] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_determinant_of_health
NeuteringNeutering
The male-specific term is castration, while spaying is usually reserved for female animals. Colloquially, both terms are often ... Hart (2001). "Effect of gonadectomy on subsequent development of age-related cognitive impairment in dogs". Journal of the ... Testosterone in intact males is thought to slow the progression of cognitive impairment, at least in dogs that already have ... Castration and spaying can also increase the risk of geriatric cognitive impairment, as noted in Laura J. Sanborn's meta- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_sterilization
Cognitive reserveCognitive reserve
This paper attempts to produce a coherent theoretical account the reserve in general and of cognitive reserve in particular. It ... The concept of reserve has been proposed to account for the disjunction between the degree of brain damage and its clinical ... This paper attempts to produce a coherent theoretical account the reserve in general and of cognitive reserve in particular. It ... Cognitive reserve Neuropsychologia. 2009 Aug;47(10):2015-28. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.03.004. Epub 2009 Mar 13. ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19467352/
Cognitive Reserve: Theory and Applications (e-Book) - RoutledgeCognitive Reserve: Theory and Applications (e-Book) - Routledge
Underlying cognitive reserve is the idea that individual differences in how cognitive tasks… ... Cognitive reserve has emerged as a powerful concept for interpreting individual differences in susceptibility to, and recovery ... Yaakov Stern, The Concept of Cognitive Reserve: A Catalyst for Research. Joseph H. Lee,Understanding Cognitive Reserve through ... Yaakov Stern, Imaging Cognitive Reserve. Cheryl L. Grady, Cognitive Reserve in Healthy Aging and Alzheimer Disease: Evidence ...
https://www.routledge.com/Cognitive-Reserve-Theory-and-Applications/Stern/p/book/9780203783047
cognitive-brain-reserve Archives - SharpBrainscognitive-brain-reserve Archives - SharpBrains
... cognitive-brain-reserve, cognitive-psychology, Education & Lifelong Learning, fit-brains, fMRI-scans, Functional-imaging, ... Filed Under: Brain/ Mental Health, Technology & Innovation Tagged With: brain-damage, brain-software, cognitive-brain-reserve, ...
https://sharpbrains.com/tags/cognitive-brain-reserve/
Cognitive Protection - Dexmedetomidine and Cognitive Reserve - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govCognitive Protection - Dexmedetomidine and Cognitive Reserve - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Cognitive Protection - Dexmedetomidine and Cognitive Reserve. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the ... Cognitive Testing [ Time Frame: prior to surgery ]. *Cognitive Testing [ Time Frame: 3 months post surgery ]. *Cognitive ... Postoperative Delirium PD Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction POCD Drug: Precedex (Dexmedetomidine) Phase 4 ... Cognitive Dysfunction. Confusion. Neurobehavioral Manifestations. Neurologic Manifestations. Nervous System Diseases. Signs and ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00455143
Perioperative Cognitive Function - Dexmedetomidine and Cognitive Reserve - Tabular View - ClinicalTrials.govPerioperative Cognitive Function - Dexmedetomidine and Cognitive Reserve - Tabular View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Perioperative Cognitive Function - Dexmedetomidine and Cognitive Reserve. Official Title ICMJE Perioperative Cognitive Function ... Perioperative Cognitive Function - Dexmedetomidine and Cognitive Reserve. The safety and scientific validity of this study is ... Based on both the concept of cognitive reserve as well as clinical experience, there is concern that patients with preoperative ... Dexmedetomidine and Cognitive Reserve. Brief Summary Elderly patients who undergo anesthesia and non-cardiac surgery are ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT00561678
Teasing Out the Brain Features Behind Cognitive Reserve | ALZFORUMTeasing Out the Brain Features Behind Cognitive Reserve | ALZFORUM
Cognitive Reserve-More Evidence It Prevents Neurodegeneration 5 May 2015. * Not Just Fun and Games-Cognitive Engagement Deters ... Identifying a Cognitive Reserve Network for All Cognitive Domains. Another talk at AAIC identified a different brain network ... A Dynamic Measure of Reserve. One drawback to these functional connectivity measures of cognitive reserve is that they are not ... Stern found that people who highly activated the putative cognitive reserve network executed better than expected on cognitive ...
https://www.alzforum.org/news/conference-coverage/teasing-out-brain-features-behind-cognitive-reserve
Society for Neuroscience - In Review: Investing in the Brains Cognitive ReserveSociety for Neuroscience - In Review: Investing in the Brain's Cognitive Reserve
In Review: Investing in the Brains Cognitive Reserve. New research shows how establishing healthy habits early in life may ... In Review: Investing in the Brains Cognitive Reserve * Overcoming International Obstacles With the Science Knows No Borders ... Establishing healthy habits early in life may therefore help build the brains cognitive reserve and delay age-related decline. ... The findings support the concept of neurogenic reserve, whereby practices early in life can help build up the brains capacity ...
https://www.sfn.org/publications/neuroscience-quarterly/fall-2019/new-research
Cognitive reserve - WikipediaCognitive reserve - Wikipedia
Patients with high cognitive reserve showed a delay in cognitive decline when compared to patients with low cognitive reserve. ... cognitive reserve helps to cope with cognitive decline. Thus, individuals with high cognitive reserve cope better than those ... patients with high cognitive reserve show rapid cognitive decline. The presence of cognitive reserve implies that people with ... Cognitive reserve is commonly used to refer to both brain and cognitive reserves in the literature. In 1988 a study published ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_reserve
Build Your Cognitive Reserve: An Interview with Dr. Yaakov Stern | SharpBrainsBuild Your Cognitive Reserve: An Interview with Dr. Yaakov Stern | SharpBrains
Yaakov Stern is the Division Leader of the Cognitive Neuroscience Division of the Sergievsky Center, and Professor of Clinical ... Build Your Cognitive Reserve: An Interview with Dr. Yaakov Stern. July 23, 2007. by SharpBrains 5 Comments ... Build-ing Your Cog-ni-tive Reserve. AF: So our goal is to build that Reserve of neu-rons, synaps-es, and skills. How can we do ... Cognitive-Training, cognitive-value, Congressional-Quarterly-Researcher, correlation-causation, culture, Daniel-Amen, discount ...
https://sharpbrains.com/blog/2007/07/23/build-your-cognitive-reserve-yaakov-stern/
Cognitive reserve and mortality in dementia: the role of cognition, functional ability and depression | Psychological...Cognitive reserve and mortality in dementia: the role of cognition, functional ability and depression | Psychological...
Cognitive reserve and mortality in dementia: the role of cognition, functional ability and depression - Volume 29 Issue 5 - M. ... In this respect, the reserve hypothesis needs a modification. Depression in dementia patients with greater cognitive reserve ... Synapse loss is greater in presenile than senile onset Alzheimer disease: implications for the cognitive reserve hypothesis. ... Cognitive reserve and mortality in dementia: the role of cognition, functional ability and depression. * M. I. GEERLINGS (a1), ...
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/psychological-medicine/article/cognitive-reserve-and-mortality-in-dementia-the-role-of-cognition-functional-ability-and-depression/257D4789312CD49AFF9333CD0D835146
Study: Physical Activity and Higher Motor Skills Create a Cognitive Reserve Even When Brain Pathologies Are PresentStudy: Physical Activity and Higher Motor Skills Create a 'Cognitive Reserve' Even When Brain Pathologies Are Present
... "cognitive reserve" that buoys cognitive performance during life, even in the presence of Alzheimers disease (AD), Lewy body ... Study: Physical Activity and Higher Motor Skills Create a Cognitive Reserve Even When Brain Pathologies Are Present. New ... "These findings suggest that a more active lifestyle may provide cognitive reserve or resilience for adults," the authors write ... "cognitive reserve" that lowered the odds for and severity of dementia, even in the presence of AD or other degenerative brain ...
http://www.apta.org/PTinMotion/NewsNow/?blogid=10737418615&id=47244645273
Blood Test Predicts Cognitive Decline, and Cognitive Reserve Protects Against That Decline, Study Shows | UC San FranciscoBlood Test Predicts Cognitive Decline, and "Cognitive Reserve" Protects Against That Decline, Study Shows | UC San Francisco
... were associated with the risk of significant cognitive decline within nine years in a group of elders, in a study led by ... Blood Test Predicts Cognitive Decline, and Cognitive Reserve Protects Against That Decline, Study Shows. By Steve Tokar on ... Home > UCSF News Center > Blood Test Predicts Cognitive Decline, and Cognitive Reserve Protects Against That Decline, Study ... would be helpful in reducing risk of cognitive decline. "Can you increase cognitive reserve?" asked Yaffe. "We think so. Its ...
https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2011/01/8406/blood-test-predicts-cognitive-decline-and-cognitive-reserve-protects-against
The impact of employment on cognition and cognitive reserve: implicati | NRRThe impact of employment on cognition and cognitive reserve: implicati | NRR
All of these can directly or indirectly bolster cognitive reserve, which may protect cognitive health, especially as one ages. ... This article examines these issues within the framework of neuroplasticity and cognitive reserve, thus providing implications ... which could limit employment-induced cognitive health benefits. ... The impact of employment on cognition and cognitive reserve: ... All of these can directly or indirectly bolster cognitive reserve, which may protect cognitive health, especially as one ages. ...
https://www.dovepress.com/the-impact-of-employment-on-cognition-and-cognitive-reserve-implicatio-peer-reviewed-article-NRR
Cognitive reserve in ageing and Alzheimers disease. | Journal of Alzheimers DiseaseCognitive reserve in ageing and Alzheimer's disease. | Journal of Alzheimer's Disease
This paper is a seminal work for the definition of both cognitive reserve and brain reserve and to understanding their role in ... Greater understanding of cognitive reserve and brain reserve is important for intervention of AD. ... about the cognitive reserve. Most importantly, it provides a discussion about the brain reserve and suggests that fMRI pattern ... This article information is interesting because to assess cognitive reserve holds out the promise of interventions that could ...
https://www.j-alz.com/comment/77
PRIME PubMed | Is There a Link Between Cognitive Reserve and Cognitive Function in the Oldest-Old?PRIME PubMed | Is There a Link Between Cognitive Reserve and Cognitive Function in the Oldest-Old?
PubMed journal article Is There a Link Between Cognitive Reserve and Cognitive Function in the Oldest-Old? were found in PRIME ... Does cognitive reserve shape cognitive decline?. *Mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and their subtypes in oldest old women. ... Cognitive reserve in Parkinsons disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.. *Cognitive Reserve Hypothesis in ... Is There a Link Between Cognitive Reserve and Cognitive Function in the Oldest-Old. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2018 03 14; ...
https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/28977420/Is_There_a_Link_Between_Cognitive_Reserve_and_Cognitive_Function_in_the_Oldest_Old
The Cognitive Aging Summit III: New insights on resilience, reserve in older adults | National Institute on AgingThe Cognitive Aging Summit III: New insights on resilience, reserve in older adults | National Institute on Aging
The themes for this Summit were cognitive and brain resilience and reserve. Over a day and a half, investigators from around ... and discussed some of the most important issues facing the public as we seek to find ways to preserve or even improve cognitive ... almost 300 researchers and private foundation representatives attended the Cognitive Aging Summit III in Bethesda, Maryland. ... How do we operationalize brain reserve, cognitive reserve, cognitive resilience, and compensation? ...
https://www.nia.nih.gov/research/blog/2017/04/cognitive-aging-summit-iii-new-insights-resilience-reserve-older-adults?utm_source=20170419_blog&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=research_blog
What is cognitive reserve? How we can protect our brains from memory loss and dementiaWhat is 'cognitive reserve'? How we can protect our brains from memory loss and dementia
Cognitive reserve is traditionally measured and quantified based on self reports of life experience such as education level, ... Regular physical activity increases cognitive reserve. Jenny Hill/Unsplash, CC BY Regular physical activity also improves ... What is cognitive reserve? How we can protect our brains from memory loss and dementia ... What is cognitive reserve? How we can protect our brains from memory loss and dementia ...
https://theconversation.com/what-is-cognitive-reserve-how-we-can-protect-our-brains-from-memory-loss-and-dementia-76591
PRIME PubMed | Cognitive reserve as a predictor of two year neuropsychological performance in early onset first-episode...PRIME PubMed | Cognitive reserve as a predictor of two year neuropsychological performance in early onset first-episode...
PubMed journal article Cognitive reserve as a predictor of two year neuropsychological performance in early onset first-episode ... Cognitive Reserve. Factor Analysis, Statistical. Female. Humans. Linear Models. Longitudinal Studies. Male. Memory, Short-Term ... The concept of cognitive reserve (CR) has been defined as individual differences in the efficient utilization of brain networks ... Cognitive reserve as a predictor of two year neuropsychological performance in early onset first-episode schizophrenia.. ...
https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/23182439/Cognitive_reserve_as_a_predictor_of_two_year_neuropsychological_performance_in_early_onset_first_episode_schizophrenia_
Kessler Foundation receives grant to study cognitive reserve in traumatic br... ( West Orange NJ. November 29 2011. D...)Kessler Foundation receives grant to study cognitive reserve in traumatic br... ( West Orange NJ. November 29 2011. D...)
... cognitive,reserve,in,traumatic,brain,injury,medicine,medical news today,latest medical news,medical newsletters,current medical ... The study is based on the theory of cognitive reserve ie that people... We anticipate that knowledge gained from this study ... Denise Krch PhD and James Sumow...The study is based on the theory of cognitive reserve ie that people... We anticipate that ... The study is based on the theory of cognitive reserve, ie, that people who have mentally active lifestyles are less likely to ...
http://www.bio-medicine.org/medicine-news-1/Kessler-Foundation-receives-grant-to-study-cognitive-reserve-in-traumatic-brain-injury-87351-1/
Breath-based meditation: A mechanism to restore the physiological and cognitive reserves for optimal human performanceBreath-based meditation: A mechanism to restore the physiological and cognitive reserves for optimal human performance
... World J ... Keywords: Breathing technique; Cognitive reserve; Emotional regulation; Human performance; Meditation; Neurophysiology; Stress ... These efforts will help to define how compensatory reserve mechanisms of cardiovascular and immune systems are modulated by ... cognitive function (i.e., mind, vigilance); and (2) physical performance (i.e., cardiorespiratory, metabolism, exercise, whole ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27099859/
Frontiers | Cognitive Reserve Moderates Effects of White Matter Hyperintensity on Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Function in...Frontiers | Cognitive Reserve Moderates Effects of White Matter Hyperintensity on Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Function in...
... and cognitive decline in the elderly. On the other hand, cognitive reserve (CR) has long been hypothesized to provide ... On the other hand, cognitive reserve (CR) has long been hypothesized to provide resilience and adaptability against age- and ... Conclusion: WMH is associated with lower cognitive function. However, in patients with LLD, high education attenuates the ... showed less depressive symptoms and cognitive decline as WMH increased.ConclusionWMH is associated with lower cognitive ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00249/full
Biomarkers, Cognition and Cognitive Reserve in Alzheimers DiseaseBiomarkers, Cognition and Cognitive Reserve in Alzheimers Disease
... results in progressive cognitive decline which ultimately l ... we will talk about the concept of cognitive reserve (CR) and ... Learning Objectives: 1) Discuss how the role of biomarkers in Alzheimers disease 2) Describe the concept of cognitive reserve ... CR is the term often used to explain why about 30% of cognitively normal subjects with AD pathology do not show any cognitive ... deposition in the brain but it has an independent effect on cognitive performance wherein subjects with higher reserve have a ...
https://www.labroots.com/webinar/biomarkers-cognition-and-cognitive-reserve-in-alzheimers-disease
Newborns first stool could alert doctors to long-term cognitive issues, new Case Western Reserve University study finds -...Newborn's first stool could alert doctors to long-term cognitive issues, new Case Western Reserve University study finds -...
Home Pregnancy and Childbirth Newborns first stool could alert doctors to long-term cognitive issues, new Case Western Reserve ... Newborns first stool could alert doctors to long-term cognitive issues, new Case Western Reserve University study finds. ... Case Western Reserve researchers Lynn T. Singer, PhD, deputy provost and founding director of Project Newborn; Sonia Minnes, ... 2016 HEALTHCANAL - Medical News. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policy Designed and developed by Ristretto Marketing and ...
https://www.healthcanal.com/pregnancy-childbirth/65289-newborns-first-stool-could-alert-doctors-to-long-term-cognitive-issues-new-case-western-reserve-university-study-finds.html
Cognitive Neurology & Alzheimers Disease Center Parking Đ Reserve Guaranteed Parking Đ SpotHeroCognitive Neurology & Alzheimer's Disease Center Parking Đ Reserve Guaranteed Parking Đ SpotHero
Book parking near Cognitive Neurology & Alzheimers Disease Center and save with SpotHero. ... Reserve Cognitive Neurology & Alzheimers Disease Center parking through SpotHero. ... Cognitive Neurology & Alzheimers Disease Center. Today 9:00 AM - 12:00 PM ...
https://spothero.com/chicago/cognitive-neurology-alzheimers-disease-center-parking
Effects of Age, APOE ? 4, Cognitive Reserve and Hippocampal Volume on Cognitive Intervention Outcome in Amnestic Mild...Effects of Age, APOE ? 4, Cognitive Reserve and Hippocampal Volume on Cognitive Intervention Outcome in Amnestic Mild...
Here we studied intervention outcome and potential predictors for cognitive intervention effects in patients with amnestic mild ... Effects of Age, APOE ? 4, Cognitive Reserve and Hippocampal Volume on Cognitive Intervention Outcome in Amnestic Mild Cognitive ... Cognitive Reserve and Hippocampal Volume on Cognitive Intervention Outcome in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers ... hence they may also limit the efficacy of cognitive interventions [7,8]. On the other hand, both greater cognitive reserve [9, ...
https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/effects-of-age-apoe-4-cognitive-reserve-and-hippocampal-volume-oncognitive-intervention-outcome-in-amnestic-mild-cognitive-impairm-2161-0460-1000246.php?aid=76840
MRI-assessed atrophy subtypes in Alzheimers disease and the cognitive reserve hypothesis - Aldring og helseMRI-assessed atrophy subtypes in Alzheimer's disease and the cognitive reserve hypothesis - Aldring og helse
MRI-assessed atrophy subtypes in Alzheimers disease and the cognitive reserve hypothesis. MRI-assessed atrophy subtypes in ... MRI-assessed atrophy subtypes in Alzheimers disease and the cognitive reserve hypothesis ... Alzheimers disease and the cognitive reserve hypothesis. Sammendrag på engelsk (abstract). Bacground and aims:. MRI assessment ... No differences were found regarding cognitive test results or progression rates between the different subtypes. Using adjusted ...
https://www.aldringoghelse.no/alle-artikler/mri-assessed-atrophy-subtypes-alzheimers-disease-and-cognitive-reserve-hypothesis/
The influence of late-life university education on age-related cognitive decline and cognitive reserve : The Tasmanian Healthy...The influence of late-life university education on age-related cognitive decline and cognitive reserve : The Tasmanian Healthy...
age-related cognitive decline; cognitive reserve; aging; education; trajectory; neuropsychological; cognition;. Copyright ... Thow, ME (2015) The influence of late-life university education on age-related cognitive decline and cognitive reserve : The ... The influence of late-life university education on age-related cognitive decline and cognitive reserve : The Tasmanian Healthy ... The aim of this thesis was to examine the effect of late-life education on cognitive reserve (CR), cognitive functioning; and ...
https://eprints.utas.edu.au/23247/
Education and Dementia in the Context of the Cognitive Reserve Hypothesis: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses and...Education and Dementia in the Context of the Cognitive Reserve Hypothesis: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses and...
It also hypothesizes that among those who have greater initial cognitive reserve (in contrast to those with less reserve) ... and increased mortality among those with initial greater cognitive reserve. Disease progression follows distinctly separate ... or brain reserve capacity explains why individuals with higher IQ, education, or occupational attainment have lower risks of ... The Cognitive Reserve Hypothesis. The concept of brain reserve or cognitive reserve (CR) refers to the ability to tolerate the ...
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0038268
A critical review of brain and cognitive reserve in Huntingtons disease<...A critical review of brain and cognitive reserve in Huntington's disease<...
... cognitive reserve) to optimise behavioural performance. How the reserve hypothesis applies in neurodegenerative disorders ... cognitive reserve) to optimise behavioural performance. How the reserve hypothesis applies in neurodegenerative disorders ... cognitive reserve) to optimise behavioural performance. How the reserve hypothesis applies in neurodegenerative disorders ... cognitive reserve) to optimise behavioural performance. How the reserve hypothesis applies in neurodegenerative disorders ...
https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/a-critical-review-of-brain-and-cognitive-reserve-in-huntingtons-d
Clinical dementia severity associated with ventricular size is differentially moderated by cognitive reserve in men and women |...Clinical dementia severity associated with ventricular size is differentially moderated by cognitive reserve in men and women |...
The patients represented Alzheimers disease (n = 439), mild cognitive impairment (n = 77), vascular cognitive impairment (n = ... are associated with complex and dynamic clinical phenotypes observed in cognitive impairment and dementia. We tested whether (1 ... CR-P Cognitive reserve panel (E-CR + L-CR), E-CR Early-life cognitive reserve, L-CR Later-life cognitive reserve, RMSEA Root ... early-life cognitive reserve + later-life cognitive reserve) in the overall group: (a) low, (b) intermediate, and (c) high ...
https://alzres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13195-018-0419-2
DementiaHypothesisCognitionConcept of cognitiveOlder adultsAbilitiesDeficitsResiliencePathologyInterventionsAlzheimer's DiseaseMultiple sclerosisResearchersPostoperative cognitive dTraumatic BrainClinicalYaakov SternAssociated with better cognitiveFunctionEffects of cognitive reserveAmnestic Mild CognitiveGreater cognitive reserveUnderpinnings of cognitive reserveBilingualismNeuropsychologicalBetter cognitive performanceLong-term cognitiveLate-life cognitiveProgression2017SymptomsFindingsDysfunctionNeuralBolster cognitive reserveOnsetAgingDeliriumFunctionalVarious cognitiveProtectiveProxiesSternPerformance on cognitive testsChanges in Cognitive PerformanceRefers to the abilityImplicationsRate of Cognitive DeclineRisk for cognitive declineEffect on cognitive declineLevel of cognitive performanceStudyAssessmentsTheory of cognitive reserve
Dementia74
  • It reviews epidemiologic data supporting the concept of cognitive reserve, with a particular focus of its implications for aging and dementia. (nih.gov)
  • James A. Mortimer, David A. Snowdon, William R. Markesbery , Brain Reserve and Risk of Dementia: Findings from the Nun Study. (routledge.com)
  • Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Vol. 18, Issue. (cambridge.org)
  • New research combining postmortem examination of brain tissue with testing during life has revealed what researchers believe to be an as-yet unexplained connection: higher levels of physical activity (PA) and motor skills seem to create a "cognitive reserve" that buoys cognitive performance during life, even in the presence of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Lewy body disease, and other brain pathologies associated with dementia. (apta.org)
  • it's that increased PA and mobility created what authors call a "cognitive reserve" that lowered the odds for and severity of dementia, even in the presence of AD or other degenerative brain conditions. (apta.org)
  • A more active lifestyle and better motor abilities proximate to death were independently associated with better cognitive function and reduced odds of dementia when controlling for AD and 9 other common age-related pathologies," authors write. (apta.org)
  • The study also showed that, among the elders with low beta-amyloid 42, cognitive decline was less pronounced in those who had higher literacy, or more education, or who lacked the APOE e4 gene known to be associated with a greater risk of dementia. (ucsf.edu)
  • Currently, she said, "there is no reliable method of predicting ahead of time who will experience cognitive decline and go on to develop dementia. (ucsf.edu)
  • This article information is interesting because to assess cognitive reserve holds out the promise of interventions that could slow cognitive aging or reduce the risk of dementia. (j-alz.com)
  • This paper provides a detailed and incisive overview of one of the most interesting hypothesis formulated in the field, i.e. cognitive reserve as explanation for inter-individual differences in functional changes due to AD and as potential target to slow down cognitive aging or reduce risk of dementia. (j-alz.com)
  • The oldest-old (aged ≥85 years) are the fastest growing age group, with the highest risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • but not cognitive decline or incident dementia. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • We also have a greater risk of dementia, which is what we call cognitive decline that interferes with daily life. (theconversation.com)
  • Rather, certain life experiences determine someone's cognitive reserve and, therefore, their ability to avoid dementia or memory loss. (theconversation.com)
  • Being educated, having higher levels of social interaction or working in cognitively demanding occupations (managerial or professional roles, for instance) increases resilience to cognitive decline and dementia. (theconversation.com)
  • These studies followed people over a number of years and looked for signs of them developing cognitive decline or dementia in that period. (theconversation.com)
  • Activities that engage your brain , such as learning a new language and completing crosswords, as well as having high levels of social interaction, increase reserve and can reduce your risk of developing dementia. (theconversation.com)
  • Regular physical activity also improves cognitive function and reduces the risk of dementia. (theconversation.com)
  • Late onset dementia is usually a multi-factorial disease wherein cumulative pathological brain insults (of more than one pathology) results in progressive cognitive decline which ultimately leads to impairment in ones ability to function at work and/or perform usual activities/tasks. (labroots.com)
  • In the second part of the talk, we will talk about the concept of cognitive reserve (CR) and how it may aid in delaying the onset of dementia. (labroots.com)
  • The concept of amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) enables clinicians to identify individuals at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), holding potential for secondary prevention of AD dementia [ 1 , 2 ]. (omicsonline.org)
  • Cognitive reserve (CR) or brain reserve capacity explains why individuals with higher IQ, education, or occupational attainment have lower risks of developing dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) or vascular dementia (VaD). (plos.org)
  • Meng X, D'Arcy C (2012) Education and Dementia in the Context of the Cognitive Reserve Hypothesis: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses and Qualitative Analyses. (plos.org)
  • Interindividual differences in cognitive reserve (CR) are associated with complex and dynamic clinical phenotypes observed in cognitive impairment and dementia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The patients represented Alzheimer's disease ( n = 439), mild cognitive impairment ( n = 77), vascular cognitive impairment ( n = 52), Lewy body disease ( n = 30), and frontotemporal dementia ( n = 125). (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition to the heterogeneity and complexity of pathologies, variability and differences in life experiences may further complicate the course of cognitive decline and clinical dementia severity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A comprehensive review of the research into cognitive reserve, involving 29,000 individuals across 22 studies, concluded that complex mental activity across people's lives almost halves the risk of dementia. (mempowered.com)
  • There is an urgent need to advance our concept of reserve from a hypothetical model to a more concrete approach that can be used to improve the development of effective interventions aimed at preventing dementia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The concept of cognitive reserve originated in the late 1980s, when researchers described individuals with no apparent symptoms of dementia who were nonetheless found at autopsy to have brain changes consistent with advanced Alzheimer's disease. (blogspot.in)
  • Since then, research has shown that people with greater cognitive reserve are better able to stave off the degenerative brain changes associated with dementia or other brain diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, or a stroke. (blogspot.in)
  • Future studies in PD should include other language pairs, analysis of the effects of the degree of bilingualism, and longitudinal analysis of cognitive decline or dementia together with structural or functional neuroimaging. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Several Toronto hospitals are involved in an ambitious $10-million, five-year study to determine whether a combination of cognitive remediation - mental exercises - plus electrical stimulation of the brain can delay the onset of Alzheimer's dementia as well as other forms of dementia. (sunnybrook.ca)
  • To qualify , volunteers must be experiencing mild cognitive impairment or have previously suffered from depression, which greatly increases the risks of dementia later in life. (sunnybrook.ca)
  • The association between self-perceived loneliness and dementia was independent of cognitive function at the study's outset, social isolation, depression, vascular burden, or level of mental or physical activity, according to lead author Robert S. Wilson, PhD, professor of neurological sciences and senior neuropsychologist at the Rush University Alzheimer's Disease Center, in Chicago. (lww.com)
  • We were able to show with the brain autopsies that dementia and rapid cognitive decline in these patients were not related to amyloid plaques or neurofibrillary tangles, so it isn't simply an early sign of underlying pathology that we know about. (lww.com)
  • The present study highlights that interventions focusing on cognitive stimulation might be useful to slow age-related cognitive decline or dementia and lengthen healthy aging . (bvsalud.org)
  • Cognitive reserve is the ability of a person to tolerate physically advancing brain disease without demonstrating signs of dementia. (proactive-ageing.com)
  • Measuring cognitive reserve therefore becomes an important component of diagnosing the onset of dementia. (proactive-ageing.com)
  • It is well known that individuals vary considerably in the extent of their memory, cognitive skills, and symptoms of dementia as they age. (proactive-ageing.com)
  • When dementia is diagnosed in individuals with more cognitive reserve, more pathology will exist but the symptoms of the disease should emerge much later. (proactive-ageing.com)
  • Therefore the overall prevalence of dementia should be much lower in individuals with higher cognitive reserve. (proactive-ageing.com)
  • When dementia is diagnosed in individuals with more cognitive reserve, the high incidence of pathology might cause a greater rate of decline at that time. (proactive-ageing.com)
  • As of 2016, companies offering products and services for cognitive training have marketed them as improving educational outcomes for children, and for adults as improving memory, processing speed, and problem-solving, and even as preventing dementia or Alzheimers. (wikipedia.org)
  • The FTC found that Lumosity's marketing "preyed on consumers' fears about age-related cognitive decline, suggesting their games could stave off memory loss, dementia, and even Alzheimer's disease", without providing any scientific evidence to back its claims. (wikipedia.org)
  • A comprehensive report from the US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine on preventing cognitive decline and dementia provides a compelling view of the evidence for interventions such as cognitive training and physical activity, and points the way to improving future research. (icaa.cc)
  • Incident cases of probable dementia and mild cognitive impairment were centrally adjudicated. (nih.gov)
  • Mean (± 1 standard error) 3MS scores circumscribing first classification of 461 incident cases of dementia or mild cognitive impairment: 189 with high school education or less and 272 with post high school education. (nih.gov)
  • We examined how education, quantitative magnetic resonance imaging-based measurement of brain degeneration, and their interaction affect cognitive decline in diverse older adults spanning the spectrum from normal cognition to dementia. (edu.au)
  • St. Louis, Nov. 10, 2007 --A test that reveals brain changes believed to be at the heart of Alzheimer's disease has bolstered the theory that education can delay the onset of the dementia and cognitive decline that are characteristic of the disorder. (eurekalert.org)
  • To identify factors related to cognitive reserve associated with progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to degenerative dementia . (bvsalud.org)
  • Jet Vonk's research focuses on language and cognitive decline in healthy aging and dementia (e.g. (umcutrecht.nl)
  • This study examined the effects of cognitive lifestyle on cross-sectional and longitudinal measures of cognition and dementia severity in people with PD. (city.ac.uk)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Higher cognitive reserve has a beneficial effect on performance on cognitive tests and a limited effect on cognitive decline and dementia risk in PD. (city.ac.uk)
  • We examined the correlation of education with cortical thickness and cerebral small vessel disease markers in patients with pure subcortical vascular mild cognitive impairment (svMCI) and patients with pure subcortical vascular dementia (SVaD). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Beyond AD, cognitive reserve theory has not been well studied in vascular dementia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A clinical model, 'the cognitive reserve hypothesis', proposes that both increased brain volume and enhanced cognitive ability might contribute to healthy brain aging, reducing the likelihood of developing dementia. (readabstracts.com)
  • In a coordinated analysis, multilevel models were employed to examine associations between different markers of cognitive reserve (education and socioeconomic position) and terminal decline using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), controlling for age at baseline, sex, dementia incidence and time to death from the study entry to the time of death within each cohort. (elsevier.com)
  • Higher cumulative lifetime cognitive reserve decreased the risk of dementia, a new study found. (news-medical.net)
  • A team of researchers at the Tianjin Medical University in China wanted to explore whether accumulation over a lifetime of cognitive and social activities are linked to a slower rate of memory loss, hence, a lower risk of developing dementia, despite brain pathologies. (news-medical.net)
  • The study, which was published in the JAMA Neurology , shows that older individuals who have the highest lifespan cognitive reserve had a 39 percent reduced risk of dementia, compared to those with the lowest scores. (news-medical.net)
  • Despite having vascular pathology or Alzheimer's disease (AD), there was less dementia risk if the senior had high scores in lifespan cognitive reserve. (news-medical.net)
  • The researchers found that the highest cognitive reserve score was linked to a reduced risk of dementia, even among those with high Alzheimer's disease pathology. (news-medical.net)
  • This means that cognitive reserve, which included education, cognitive activities, social networks, and social activities may reduce the risk of developing dementia. (news-medical.net)
  • In this community-based prospective study of dementia-free older adults, we found that high lifespan CR indicator accumulated through education, early-life cognitive activities, midlife cognitive activities, late-life cognitive activities, and social activities in late life was associated with a reduction in risk of dementia in a dose-dependent manner," the researchers explained. (news-medical.net)
  • They also stated that cognitive reserve was not linked to most brain pathologies and the link of CR with dementia remained significant even after adjustments with these brain pathologies. (news-medical.net)
  • Dementia is a syndrome and an umbrella term for many diseases that affect memory, cognitive abilities, and behavior. (news-medical.net)
  • Continuing research has lead to the delineation of " depression-associated reversible dementia, " which is cognitive impairment associated with depression that subsides upon improvement of depression. (lifeextension.com)
  • Interestingly, among the participants found to have low beta-amyloid 42, cognitive decline was less prominent in those with higher literacy levels, more education, or who lacked a specific gene, called APOE e4, which is linked to a greater risk of dementia. (psychcentral.com)
  • This way, we knew the numbers would not be weighted by the subjects with dementia, and we would simply be looking at gradual cognitive decline," explained Yaffe. (psychcentral.com)
  • It also introduces (to me) the concept of "cognitive reserve," because it has been shown that people who do not have dementia while they are alive have damaged brains when they are examined in death. (tedeytan.com)
  • Therefore, brain insulin and IGF deficiency and resistance could account for the cytoskeletal collapse, neurite retraction, synaptic disconnection, loss of neuronal plasticity, and deciencies in acetylcholine production, all of which correlate with cognitive decline and dementia in AD. (tedeytan.com)
  • 2014). This subjective cognitive decline is associated with an increased risk of progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia (Jessen et al. (asha.org)
  • MCI is described as an "intermediate stage of cognitive impairment that is often, but not always, a transitional phase from cognitive changes in normal ageing to those typically found in dementia" (Petersen et al. (asha.org)
  • Unlike dementia, the cognitive decline associated with MCI does not interfere with independence in everyday activities (see, e.g. (asha.org)
Hypothesis16
  • White matter hyperintensity (WMH) has been regarded as one of the major contributor of the vascular hypothesis of late-life depression (LLD) and cognitive decline in the elderly. (frontiersin.org)
  • OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the hypothesis that educational attainment, a marker of cognitive reserve, is a predictor of disability-free recovery (DFR) after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). (neuroskills.com)
  • The 'reserve' hypothesis posits that the brain undergoes structural and functional reorganisation to actively cope with brain damage or disease. (monash.edu)
  • How the 'reserve' hypothesis applies in neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington's disease (HD) remains unknown. (monash.edu)
  • We postulate that unless the 'reserve' hypothesis is tested empirically, it is impossible to draw firm conclusions about how task-related neural activity is providing a neuroplastic change in HD and possibly other neurodegenerative disorders. (monash.edu)
  • In this context, the cognitive reserve (CR) hypothesis has been proposed to explain the discontinuity between pathophysiological and clinical expression of AD, suggesting that CR mitigates the effects of pathology on clinical expression and cognition . (bvsalud.org)
  • The conclusion extrapolated by the study was that the diverging clinical outcomes (pathology v s behaviour) was consistent with the cognitive reserve hypothesis. (proactive-ageing.com)
  • Medically, cognitive reserve can be defined as a hypothesis for investigating the difference in pathology (physical illness) v's symptoms (behaviour). (proactive-ageing.com)
  • The term cognitive training (also called brain training or neurobics) reflects a hypothesis that cognitive abilities can be maintained or improved by exercising the brain, in an analogy to the way physical fitness is improved by exercising the body. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cognitive training is a hypothesis that certain activities, done regularly, might help maintain or improve cognitive reserve. (wikipedia.org)
  • This finding supports the cognitive reserve hypothesis and suggests that the association of cognitive activity with loss of cognition is not the result of reverse causality," they write. (medscape.com)
  • Our findings suggest that the compensatory effects of education on cortical thinning apply to patients with SVaD, which might be explained by the cognitive reserve hypothesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, according to the cognitive reserve hypothesis, protective life factors such as education mitigate the impact of brain pathology in cognition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Objective Cognitive performance shows a marked deterioration in close proximity to death, as postulated by the terminal decline hypothesis. (elsevier.com)
  • Conclusions Our results offer only partial support to the cognitive reserve hypothesis and cognitive performance prior to death. (elsevier.com)
  • The cognitive reserve (CR) hypothesis is a compensatory mechanism to cope with age-related brain damage. (news-medical.net)
Cognition5
  • Miranda G. Dik, Dorly J.H. Deeg, Marjolein Visser, Cees Jonker , Association between Early Life Physical Activity and Late-life Cognition: Evidence for Cognitive Reserve. (routledge.com)
  • As a primary endpoint we defined changes in global cognition (Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale - Cognitive Subscale, ADAS-Cog). (omicsonline.org)
  • Thus clinical disease onset triggers a faster decline in cognition and function, and increased mortality among those with initial greater cognitive reserve. (plos.org)
  • However, both activity measures were related to change in cognition, accounting for 14% of variability in cognitive decline, after brain pathology had been accounted for. (medscape.com)
  • With the connection between stress and cognitive dysfunction in mind, researchers studied the effects of an 8-week audio-guided meditation program on cerebral blood flow and cognition in 14 subjects with memory problems. (lifeextension.com)
Concept of cognitive6
  • Yaakov Stern , The Concept of Cognitive Reserve: A Catalyst for Research. (routledge.com)
  • Greater understanding of the concept of cognitive reserve could help us to reduce the risk of AD. (j-alz.com)
  • The concept of cognitive reserve (CR) has been defined as individual differences in the efficient utilization of brain networks which allow some people to cope better than others with brain pathology. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • The concept of cognitive reserve previously has been proposed and widely recognized in AOMS , although little is known about its impact on pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) patients. (multiplesclerosisnewstoday.com)
  • The concept of cognitive reserve is applicable to a wide range of behavioural conditions and different brain functions that impact on people at varying ages. (proactive-ageing.com)
  • This program was also very much anchored on the concept of cognitive reserve and the work of Yaakov Stern was incorporated into the models used for the development of the program. (scirp.org)
Older adults10
  • Some older adults maintain good memory and cognitive skills even in the face of extensive amyloid and tau pathology in the brain. (alzforum.org)
  • M. J. Aartsen, C. H. Smits, T. van Tilburg, K. C. Knipscheer, and D. J. Deeg, "Activity in older adults: cause or consequence of cognitive functioning? (koreascience.or.kr)
  • a longitudinal study on everyday activities and cognitive performance in older adults," The J. of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, Vol.57, pp.153-162, 2002. (koreascience.or.kr)
  • To examine whether educational attainment, as a proxy of cognitive reserve, moderated the association between hippocampal volumes and episodic verbal memory performances in healthy older adults. (frontiersin.org)
  • Interestingly, while high levels of amyloid plaques can be seen in healthy older adults, the plaques do not seem to affect cognitive function to the same degree as tau tangles. (innerself.com)
  • Level of education is often regarded as a proxy for cognitive reserve in older adults. (edu.au)
  • There are also age-related benefits, which seem to confer protective effects against cognitive decline in older adults. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study was designed to investigate the interactive effects of these variables on 36-month cognitive change in cognitively intact older adults. (cdc.gov)
  • Inheritance of BDNF Met may be associated with a detrimental influence on the relationship between CR and cognitive change in cognitively intact older adults, but this effect may be restricted to the executive function domain. (cdc.gov)
  • Some older adults report a decline in cognitive abilities that may not be evident upon objective cognitive testing (Jessen et al. (asha.org)
Abilities15
  • In both cohorts, people with higher LFC connectivity had better cognitive abilities than those with low connectivity at any given level of pathology. (alzforum.org)
  • More education and cognitively complex occupation are some of the factors that predict higher cognitive abilities in old age. (wikipedia.org)
  • The clinical tests included 21 cognitive assessments, an analysis of 10 motor abilities, and an estimation of total daily PA drawn from accelerometers worn constantly for 10 days (researchers in this study used only the first 7 days' data). (apta.org)
  • Moreover, there was also no evidence that a more active lifestyle or better motor abilities modified the associations of these brain pathologies with cognitive function prior to death. (apta.org)
  • Their cognitive abilities were measured at the beginning and end of the study with a standard neurocognitive test. (ucsf.edu)
  • These studies further shed light on the importance of bi-directional relations between structural integrity and maintained cognitive abilities over time. (diva-portal.org)
  • To maintain (or grow) cognitive abilities, it's important both to resist the brain's tendency to shrink (brain atrophy) , and to keep it flexible (neuroplasticity). (mempowered.com)
  • CR is relevant to normal aging in cognitive-linguistic abilities. (koreascience.or.kr)
  • The good news is that greater education may allow people to harbor amyloid plaques and other brain pathology linked to Alzheimer's disease without experiencing decline of their cognitive abilities," says first author Catherine Roe, Ph.D., research instructor in neurology. (eurekalert.org)
  • Roe and her colleagues at the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center used the study participants' education levels to approximate a theoretical quality called cognitive reserve: improved abilities in thinking, learning and memory that result from regularly challenging and making use of the brain. (eurekalert.org)
  • In addition to scanning the participants' brains with PIB, the participants took several tests that assessed their cognitive abilities and status. (eurekalert.org)
  • Despite signs that Alzheimer's might already be ravaging the brains of this subgroup, their cognitive abilities had not declined and they had not become demented. (eurekalert.org)
  • Recent behavioral data have shown that lifelong bilingualism can maintain youthful cognitive control abilities in aging. (jneurosci.org)
  • Throughout the history of research into the cognitive advantages of bilingualism, views have shifted from a subtractive to an additive perspective: it is now believed that being bilingual adds to an individual's abilities rather than subtracting from it. (wikipedia.org)
  • A general opinion was that bilinguals would have smaller vocabularies, stunted cognitive abilities and that children learning two languages from a young age would be spending too much of their energy differentiating and building the two languages to become competent in either one. (wikipedia.org)
Deficits8
  • Feeding mice an omega-3-deficient diet beginning in adolescence was linked to deficits in cognitive function, mood and anxiety, and plasticity in two key brain regions, the medial prefrontal cortex and the nucleus accumbens, in adulthood. (sfn.org)
  • Although we already knew a mother's alcohol use during her pregnancy may cause cognitive deficits, what is significant is that the early marker, not previously available, predicted this, establishing the predictive validity of FAEEs for determining alcohol exposure in utero" Min said. (healthcanal.com)
  • The relationship between neuropathology and clinically manifested functional and cognitive deficits is complex. (nih.gov)
  • Previous studies have suggested deficits in emotion recognition in multiple sclerosis (MS). These deficits were accompanied by several confounders including cognitive or visual impairments, disease duration, and depression. (springer.com)
  • Morphine increases hippocampal viral load and suppresses frontal lobe CCL5 expression in the LP-BM5 AIDS model Chronic opiate abuse accelerates the development of cognitive deficits in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 patients. (tripdatabase.com)
  • Several cognitive and neuropsychological deficits accompany depression, including impairments in executive function, attention, episodic memory, visuo-spatial skills and information processing. (lifeextension.com)
  • cognitive deficits are not better explained by other mental disorders, such as major depressive disorder or schizophrenia (APA, 2013). (asha.org)
  • 2006), and subtle cognitive deficits occur up to 9 years prior to the diagnosis (Amieva et al. (asha.org)
Resilience9
  • This resilience has been dubbed "cognitive reserve," but researchers still do not know exactly what explains it or how to measure it directly. (alzforum.org)
  • Reserve has been loosely defined as the variation in functional brain characteristics that provides resilience against the cognitive decline brought on by aging, injury, or disease ( Apr 2017 conference news ). (alzforum.org)
  • Brain reserve may be defined as the brain's resilience, its ability to cope with increasing damage while still functioning adequately. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cognitive reserve also indicates a resilience to neuropathological damage, but the emphasis here is in the way the brain uses its damaged resources. (wikipedia.org)
  • These findings suggest that a more active lifestyle may provide cognitive reserve or resilience for adults," the authors write, adding that the results "may have important public health implications because they suggest that resilience factors such as more cognitive activities or physical activity might mitigate late-life cognitive impairment even in the absence of effective therapies to reduce AD and other common brain pathologies. (apta.org)
  • The themes for this Summit were cognitive and brain resilience and reserve. (nih.gov)
  • What are the earlier life contributions to reserve and resilience? (nih.gov)
  • On the other hand, cognitive reserve (CR) has long been hypothesized to provide resilience and adaptability against age- and disease-related insults. (frontiersin.org)
  • The consensus was developed during meetings of the working groups of the first International Conference on Cognitive Reserve in the Dementias (24-25 November 2017, Munich, Germany) and the Alzheimer's Association Reserve and Resilience Professional Interest Area (25 July 2018, Chicago, USA). (biomedcentral.com)
Pathology16
  • Cognitive reserve has emerged as a powerful concept for interpreting individual differences in susceptibility to, and recovery from, brain injury or pathology. (routledge.com)
  • Underlying cognitive reserve is the idea that individual differences in how cognitive tasks are mediated in the brain allow some people to cope with pathology to a greater degree than others. (routledge.com)
  • This is a concept used to explain a person's capacity to maintain normal cognitive function in the presence of brain pathology. (theconversation.com)
  • Dr. Vemuris areas of research are developing and validating biomarkers to improve the understanding and management of Alzheimers disease and related disorders and utilize biomarkers to improve our understanding of cognitive reserve i.e. the disconnect between pathology and cognitive performance in individuals. (labroots.com)
  • CR is the term often used to explain why about 30% of cognitively normal subjects with AD pathology do not show any cognitive symptoms. (labroots.com)
  • Our recent studies have shown that even though CR does not appear to impact the degree of pathological deposition in the brain but it has an independent effect on cognitive performance wherein subjects with higher reserve have a greater capacity to cope with pathological insults and these individual differences in reserve mechanisms help explain why cognitive decline may be initiated at different times in relation to the onset of pathology. (labroots.com)
  • It also hypothesizes that among those who have greater initial cognitive reserve (in contrast to those with less reserve) greater brain pathology occurs before the clinical symptoms of disease becomes manifest. (plos.org)
  • The concept of reserve was established to account for the observation that a given degree of neurodegenerative pathology may result in varying degrees of symptoms in different individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Brain reserve, brain maintenance and cognitive reserve: can these concepts aid in developing therapeutic interventions for ageing/Alzheimer's disease pathology? (neurodiem.co.nz)
  • These affect underlying task performance in a way that allows some people to cope better than others with normal cognitive decline or pathology. (proactive-ageing.com)
  • In conclusion, CR interacts with both patients' cognitive features and WMLs in modulating the impact of AD pathology. (sussex.ac.uk)
  • Higher levels of cognitive activity in childhood, middle age, and old age were associated with slower rate of cognitive decline, after controlling for disease pathology on brain autopsy, a new study has shown. (medscape.com)
  • This basic association has been out there for several years, but it has been suggested that the reduced cognitive activity could be just a sign of disease pathology. (medscape.com)
  • We have proved for the first time that increased cognitive activity has an association with reduced cognitive decline independent of cognitive-related pathology. (medscape.com)
  • Cognitive reserve has been proposed to account for different responses to brain damage or pathology. (elsevier.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: Cognitive reserve theory seeks to explain the observed mismatch between the degree of brain pathology and clinical manifestations. (city.ac.uk)
Interventions6
  • The researchers believe their study should be followed up with more work on the biological mechanisms that resulted in their findings, as well as explorations of which interventions might help to bolster cognitive reserve. (apta.org)
  • This has implications for cognitive interventions in this age group. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Regarding the modest intervention effects, our results challenge a general recommendation of cognitive interventions in aMCI. (omicsonline.org)
  • We suggest that it is important to identify and embed potential neuroprotective modulating factors of 'reserve' in randomised controlled multi-domain non-pharmaceutical interventions to potentially enhance 'reserve' and thus preserve cognitive and psychosocial functioning in HD patients. (monash.edu)
  • Our findings underscore the importance of interventions focusing on intellectual enrichment enhancement, particularly in the pediatric MS population, in order to achieve better cognitive, social and professional performances in adulthood," the team stated. (multiplesclerosisnewstoday.com)
  • Early identification of MCI might enable the use of cognitive interventions to slow the progression of decline (Qualls, 2005). (asha.org)
Alzheimer's Disease19
  • Cognitive reserve in ageing and Alzheimer's disease. (j-alz.com)
  • This paper is a seminal work for the definition of both cognitive reserve and brain reserve and to understanding their role in the natural history of Alzheimer's disease. (j-alz.com)
  • Here we studied intervention outcome and potential predictors for cognitive intervention effects in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), a population at risk of Alzheimer's disease . (omicsonline.org)
  • Background: A strong link between education and cognitive performance suggests that a period of education in later-life could reduce age-related cognitive decline (ARCD) and risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). (edu.au)
  • The potential brain functional and structural basis of reserve in Alzheimer's disease and other brain disorders are discussed, as well as relevant lifestyle and genetic factors assessed in both humans and animal models. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cognitive Reserve Relates to Functional Network Efficiency in Alzheimer's Disease. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study investigates how cognitive reserve (CR) interacts with neurodegeneration (quantified by medial temporal atrophy, MTA) and macroscopic white matter lesions (WMLs) in delaying the conversion from amnestic mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease (AD). (sussex.ac.uk)
  • The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, whereas educational attainments have protective effects against cognitive decline in aging and patients with Alzheimer's disease. (cdc.gov)
  • We examined the possible effects of years of education and APOE genotype on the topological properties of the functional network in normal aging, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. (cdc.gov)
  • These associations were mainly observed in normal aging and were reduced in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Testing the Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire in an Alzheimer's Disease Population. (alzforum.org)
  • Current State of Non-wearable Sensor Technologies for Monitoring Activity Patterns to Detect Symptoms of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer's Disease. (alzforum.org)
  • Neuroticism alters the transcriptome of the frontal cortex to contribute to the cognitive decline and onset of Alzheimer's disease. (alzforum.org)
  • Scientists at the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis found that some study participants who appeared to have the brain plaques long associated with Alzheimer's disease still received high scores on tests of their cognitive ability. (eurekalert.org)
  • At the Julius Center, Jet Vonk works in close collaboration with Dr. Mirjam Geerlings to investigate item-level characteristics of episodic and semantic memory tasks in healthy aging, individuals with mild cognitive impairment, and those with Alzheimer's disease using behavioral data in relation to 7T MRI brain scans across time. (umcutrecht.nl)
  • Cognitive reserve (CR) and BDNF Val66Met are independently associated with the rate of cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. (cdc.gov)
  • The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association's Workgroups on Diagnostic Guidelines for Alzheimer's Disease. (scirp.org)
  • 126 More severe anxiety is also predicative of earlier conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease. (lifeextension.com)
  • The middle and inferior temporal gyri, for example, also play roles in memory and sensory integration and have been shown to be involved in the early stages of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. (thefreelibrary.com)
Multiple sclerosis9
  • Research conducted at Kessler Foundation, which is known for cognitive rehabilitation research, has shown this theory to be well supported in individuals with multiple sclerosis, many of whom experience cognitive symptoms. (bio-medicine.org)
  • Exploring cognitive reserve in multiple sclerosis: New findings from a cross-sectional study. (msdiscovery.org)
  • Using strategies to promote intellectual enrichment among patients with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis could be essential to achieving better cognitive, social, and professional performances during adult life, according to researchers at the University of Florence in Italy. (multiplesclerosisnewstoday.com)
  • The finding was the subject of an oral presentation titled, " Cognitive reserve is associated with better cognitive outcome and socio-professional attainment in both adult and pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis , " presented on Thursday at the ongoing 7th Joint ECTRIMS-ACTRIMS Meeting in Paris, France. (multiplesclerosisnewstoday.com)
  • The use of cognitive and memory exercises is known to benefit long-term memory capacity of patients with adult-onset multiple sclerosis (AOMS). (multiplesclerosisnewstoday.com)
  • The research team evaluated and compared the cognitive outcome and socio-professional accomplishments of 111 POMS and 115 AOMS adult patients recruited at five Italian multiple sclerosis centers. (multiplesclerosisnewstoday.com)
  • Cognitive disturbances in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. (springer.com)
  • Personality disorder in multiple sclerosis correlates with cognitive impairment. (springer.com)
  • Kessler Foundation scientists have shown that working memory may be an underlying mechanism of cognitive reserve in multiple sclerosis (MS). This finding informs the relationships between working memory, intellectual enrichment (the proxy measure for cognitive reserve) and long-term memory in this population. (womenfitness.net)
Researchers12
  • One idea (called Brain Reserve by researchers) pos-tu-lates that some indi-vid-u-als have a greater num-ber of neu-rons and synaps-es, and that some-how those extra struc-tures pro-vide a lev-el of pro-tec-tion. (sharpbrains.com)
  • Researchers then compared the presence of these pathologies with PA, motor skills, and cognitive testing scores obtained during the participants' last MAP visit-typically about 2 years before death. (apta.org)
  • Researchers weren't particularly surprised that participants who recorded higher levels of PA and motor skills during their last assessment also tended to score higher on cognitive tests than did those with lower PA and motor skills. (apta.org)
  • The researchers describe this set of conditions as "cognitive reserve. (ucsf.edu)
  • On April 6-7, 2017, almost 300 researchers and private foundation representatives attended the Cognitive Aging Summit III in Bethesda, Maryland. (nih.gov)
  • Dr. Mulsant and his fellow researchers are trying to boost cognitive reserve with a combination of computer-based brain-training exercises and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) , a mild electrical stimulus that puts brain cells into learning mode. (sunnybrook.ca)
  • Researchers observed that cognitive reserve had a tendency to be decreased in POMS compared to AOMS patients. (multiplesclerosisnewstoday.com)
  • According to the researchers, one possible explanation for this link is 'cognitive reserve', which refers to the ability to recruit and use alternative brain networks or structures not normally used in order to compensate for brain ageing. (healthcanal.com)
  • To evaluate the impact of education level on cognitive function and decline, the researchers analyzed two groups of subjects from the PAQUID cohort , born 10 years apart. (inserm.fr)
  • The researchers note that these results show that more frequent cognitive activity can counterbalance the cognitive loss associated with neuropathologic conditions. (medscape.com)
  • To land to their findings and make a cumulative cognitive reserve measurement in the lifetime, the researchers enrolled a total of 2,022 participants in the Rush Memory and Aging Project, which is a current community-based cohort study. (news-medical.net)
  • The researchers call this group of factors "cognitive reserve. (psychcentral.com)
Postoperative cognitive d2
  • Elderly patients who undergo anesthesia and non-cardiac surgery are subject to deterioration of brain function including the development of postoperative delirium (PD) and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Postoperative Delirium or PD and Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction or POCD are syndromes of central nervous system dysfunction that significantly complicate the recovery of a proportion of elderly patients following surgery. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Traumatic Brain5
  • Erin D. Bigler , Traumatic Brain Injury and Cognitive Reserve. (routledge.com)
  • Denise Krch, PhD, and James Sumowski, PhD, research scientists in the Neuropsychology and Neuroscience Laboratory at Kessler Foundation, received a $379,000 grant for a three-year study of cognitive reserve in people with traumatic brain injury. (bio-medicine.org)
  • Drs. Krch and Sumowski will investigate the impact of cognitive reserve on thinking, learning, and memory after traumatic brain injury. (bio-medicine.org)
  • Functional recovery after traumatic brain injury: A role for cognitive reserve? (neuroskills.com)
  • The persistence of injury-related cognitive impairments can have devastating consequences for everyday function after traumatic brain injury (TBI). (monash.edu)
Clinical10
  • The concept of reserve has been proposed to account for the disjunction between the degree of brain damage and its clinical outcome. (nih.gov)
  • This volume provides a comprehensive review of theory, research and clinical application of the cognitive reserve. (routledge.com)
  • Higher reserve was found to provide a greater threshold before clinical deficit appears. (wikipedia.org)
  • This might indicate a vulnerability to the manifestation of clinical cognitive impairment, although there may be other explanations. (wikipedia.org)
  • This paper represents the consensus of a multidisciplinary group of experts from different areas of research related to reserve, including clinical, epidemiological and basic sciences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The main objective of the present paper is to develop a translational perspective on putative mechanisms underlying reserve against neurodegenerative disease, combining evidence from epidemiological and clinical studies with knowledge from animal and basic research. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cognitive-enriching experiences have been proposed to protect the brain from disease-associated damage and clinical cognitive manifestations. (multiplesclerosisnewstoday.com)
  • CCCDTD5: Clinical role of neuroimaging and liquid biomarkers in patients with cognitive impairment. (alzforum.org)
  • But as it is virtually impossible to conduct a prospective, randomized clinical trial of a lifestyle factor such as cognitive activity, we have to look at observational studies for this information," Dr. Wilson added. (medscape.com)
  • IQ, education and occupation ), particularly those related to cognitive reserve , can contribute important evidence to guide the decision -making process in routine clinical activity and public health policy . (bvsalud.org)
Yaakov Stern2
  • Jennifer J. Manly, Nicole Schupf, Ming-Xin Tang, Yaakov Stern , Literacy and Cognitive Decline among Ethnically Diverse Elders. (routledge.com)
  • Yaakov Stern , Imaging Cognitive Reserve. (routledge.com)
Associated with better cognitive1
  • Higher reserve associated with better cognitive performance on all baseline measures, but not 5-year rate of change. (unboundmedicine.com)
Function26
  • Is There a Link Between Cognitive Reserve and Cognitive Function in the Oldest-Old? (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Mixed effects models investigated baseline and longitudinal associations between the CRI scores and cognitive function. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Increasing reserve could promote cognitive function in the oldest-old. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Over a day and a half, investigators from around the world delivered talks and discussed some of the most important issues facing the public as we seek to find ways to preserve or even improve cognitive function and brain health as we age. (nih.gov)
  • As we get older we have a greater risk of developing impairments in areas of cognitive function - such as memory, reasoning and verbal ability. (theconversation.com)
  • And this capacity is essential not only for normal brain function, but also for maintaining cognitive performance in later life. (theconversation.com)
  • A major focus of our research is examining how brain connectivity and plasticity relate to reserve and cognitive function. (theconversation.com)
  • WMH is associated with lower cognitive function. (frontiersin.org)
  • There was no influence of genetic factors (APOE ε4 or BDNF Val66Met) on cognitive function over time or on intervention response. (edu.au)
  • Conclusions: Attending university improved CR and triggered a commensurate improvement in crystallised cognitive function (language processing capacity) but not fluid cognitive functions (episodic memory, working memory or executive function). (edu.au)
  • These individuals did not show symptoms of the disease while they were alive because they had a large enough cognitive reserve to offset the damage and continue to function as usual. (blogspot.in)
  • A more robust cognitive reserve can also help you function better for longer if you're exposed to unexpected life events, such as stress, surgery, or toxins in the environment. (blogspot.in)
  • Cognitive reserve in Parkinson's disease: the effects of welsh-english bilingualism on executive function. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • For example, the brain networks that control conscious body movement, emotions and long term strategy planning might have different network structures for managing both function and reserve. (proactive-ageing.com)
  • An interesting new paper which suggests that the fact that human brain function does not decline at least up to 60 years of age, i.e., long after reproductive age, may be linked to the higher inclusive fitness of old individuals who are able to maintain a good cognitive function. (blogspot.com)
  • Theories that posit the importance (in an inclusive fitness sense) of the survival of older individuals require them to maintain a reasonably high level of cognitive function (e.g., memory, communication). (blogspot.com)
  • Partial exception to this cognitive rule can be found in cases with dominant right hemispheric language function. (elsevier.com)
  • They were followed up for 25 years and their cognitive capacities evaluated at two to three-year intervals using four tests: MMSE (global cognitive function), Isaac's Set Test (verbal fluency), BVRT (visual working memory) and DSST (executive functioning and speed of information processing). (inserm.fr)
  • They also took part in annual cognitive function testing until they died (mean of 5.8 years of follow-up), after which brain autopsies were performed. (medscape.com)
  • When early- and late-life activity were modeled together, late-life cognitive activity was related to level of cognitive function, but early-life cognitive activity was not. (medscape.com)
  • Educational attainment, MRI changes, and cognitive function in older postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study. (nih.gov)
  • Study participants received annual assessments of global cognitive function with the Modified Mini Mental State exam. (nih.gov)
  • In the current study, we examined whether swimming improves cognitive function in long-term OVX-rats. (elsevier.com)
  • Research has studied how a bilingual individual's first language (L1) and second language (L2) interact, and it has been shown that both languages have an influence not only on the function of one another, but also on cognitive function outside of language. (wikipedia.org)
  • Objective: Cannabis use is associated with a younger age at onset of psychosis, an indicator of poor prognosis, but better cognitive function, a positive prognostic indicator. (uniad.org.br)
  • It has been proposed to explain why some individuals maintain better cognitive function even with brain changes brought by aging or any disease process. (news-medical.net)
Effects of cognitive reserve1
  • Previous studies of Parkinson's disease (PD) have suggested a possible role for the effects of cognitive reserve, but further research into different proxies for cognitive reserve and longitudinal studies is required. (city.ac.uk)
Amnestic Mild Cognitive3
  • 2016) Effects of Age, APOE ε4, Cognitive Reserve and Hippocampal Volume on Cognitive Intervention Outcome in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. (omicsonline.org)
  • Fourteen mild AD, 28 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) due to AD, and 28 controls were enrolled. (bvsalud.org)
  • Forty-two amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients were consecutively recruited. (sussex.ac.uk)
Greater cognitive reserve1
  • People who attained a higher level of education have a greater cognitive reserve, enabling them to better compensate for any brain lesions. (inserm.fr)
Underpinnings of cognitive reserve3
  • It then focuses on methodologic issues that are important when attempting to elucidate the neural underpinnings of cognitive reserve using imaging studies, and reviews some of our group's work in order to demonstrate these issues. (nih.gov)
  • Chapters explore the theoretical underpinnings of cognitive reserve, and evidence for its existence. (routledge.com)
  • Possible genetic and physiologic underpinnings of cognitive reserve are presented. (routledge.com)
Bilingualism1
  • These results suggest that lifelong bilingualism offsets age-related declines in the neural efficiency for cognitive control processes. (jneurosci.org)
Neuropsychological2
  • Linas A. Bieliauskas, Ami Antonucci , The Impact of Cognitive Reserve on Neuropsychological Measures. (routledge.com)
  • Theory and research application of the reserve concept," J. of the International Neuropsychological Society, Vol.8, pp.448-460, 2002. (koreascience.or.kr)
Better cognitive performance1
  • This is an efficiency model, rather than a threshold model, and it implies that the task is processed using less resources or using neural resources more efficiently, resulting in better cognitive performance. (wikipedia.org)
Long-term cognitive2
  • This longitudinal study examined the association of long-Term cognitive recovery in 109 adults (71% male) experiencing complicated mild-To-severe TBI with age, pre-morbid intelligence (IQ), and injury severity measured by post-Traumatic amnesia (PTA) duration. (monash.edu)
  • Because POMS tend to have lower cognitive reserve, the use of strategies to improve a patient's intellectual performance may help them prevent long-term cognitive decline and improve several aspects of their adult life. (multiplesclerosisnewstoday.com)
Late-life cognitive1
  • The lifespan cognitive reserve score incorporated education, social activities in late life, a social network in late life, and early-life, midlife, and late-life cognitive activities. (news-medical.net)
Progression1
  • No differences were found regarding cognitive test results or progression rates between the different subtypes. (aldringoghelse.no)
20171
  • From left:) Adam Steinmetz, Molly Wagster, Jonathan King, and Laura Major at the 2017 Cognitive Aging Summit. (nih.gov)
Symptoms1
  • Specifically, those with high education showed less depressive symptoms and cognitive decline as WMH increased. (frontiersin.org)
Findings5
  • The findings support the concept of neurogenic reserve, whereby practices early in life can help build up the brain's capacity to stay flexible and resistant to cognitive decline later in life. (sfn.org)
  • Her team's findings were published in the April 2015 issue of the Journal of Pediatrics (Volume 166, 1042-1047), "Association of Fatty Acid Ethyl Easters in Meconium and Cognitive Development during Childhood and Adolescence. (healthcanal.com)
  • Rather, our findings suggest that younger patients, APOE ε4 non-carriers, and patients with higher CR and higher hippocampal volume have a higher likelihood to benefit from a cognitive intervention, which could be useful for the selection of patients for future intervention trials. (omicsonline.org)
  • These findings support the role of cognitive reserve and age in cognitive recovery after TBI and may inform prognostication and rehabilitation. (monash.edu)
  • The findings weren't a complete surprise because there is evidence that social isolation and connectedness are predictors of cognitive decline in seniors," Dr. Wilson said, "but there hasn't been much research on what I call emotional isolation, or loneliness. (lww.com)
Dysfunction3
  • Excessive stress leads to cognitive dysfunction as well. (lifeextension.com)
  • An intimate relationship exists between depression and cognitive dysfunction. (lifeextension.com)
  • Interestingly, depression seems to worsen cognitive dysfunction, but poorer cognitive health predisposes aging individuals to depression as well. (lifeextension.com)
Neural4
  • This suggests that cognitive reserve could be a factor driving neural adaptation during recovery from TBI. (neuroskills.com)
  • Consistent with passive and active components of 'reserve' the brain moderates its biological substrates (brain reserve) and differentially changes the level of neural activity in tasks-specific networks and/or by recruiting additional non-task related brain regions (cognitive reserve) to optimise behavioural performance. (monash.edu)
  • Here, we provide the first direct evidence of a neural basis for the bilingual cognitive control boost in aging. (jneurosci.org)
  • Higher network efficiency and capacity (neural reserve) or compensatory functional brain differences (neural compensation) may account for such a higher reserve ability [ 16 , 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Bolster cognitive reserve1
  • All of these can directly or indirectly bolster cognitive reserve, which may protect cognitive health, especially as one ages. (dovepress.com)
Onset1
  • The Effect of Cannabis Use and Cognitive Reserve on Age at Onset and Psychosis Outcomes in First-Episode Schizophrenia. (uniad.org.br)
Aging9
  • Cheryl L. Grady , Cognitive Reserve in Healthy Aging and Alzheimer Disease: Evidence for Compensatory Reorganization of Brain Networks. (routledge.com)
  • Education is known to play a role in cognitive decline in normal aging, as well as in degenerative diseases or traumatic brain injuries. (wikipedia.org)
  • What are the threats to successful brain and cognitive aging? (nih.gov)
  • How do we validate approaches that aim to harness reserve to improve the aging brain? (nih.gov)
  • This study provides evidence-based information to support cognitive-linguistic ability in normal aging. (koreascience.or.kr)
  • M. M. Glymour and J. J. Manly, "Lifecourse social conditions and racial and ethnic patterns of cognitive aging," Neuropsychology Review, Vol.18, pp.223-254, 2008. (koreascience.or.kr)
  • Cognitive aging is a heterogeneous reality among the senior population. (cambridge.org)
  • However, the functional neuroanatomic bases of bilingual cognitive control advantages in aging remain unknown. (jneurosci.org)
  • A group of aging subjects diagnosed with depression completed various cognitive tests and their results were compared to those of age and sex - matched, non-depressed control subjects. (lifeextension.com)
Delirium1
  • Follow up studies will include surveillance for delirium while in the hospital and cognitive testing at 3 months following surgery. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Functional4
  • Maureen Dennis, Keith Owen Yeates, H. Gerry Taylor, J. M. Fletcher , Brain Reserve Capacity, Cognitive Reserve Capacity, and Age-Based Functional Plasticity after Congenital and Acquired Brain Injury in Children. (routledge.com)
  • Rachel Buckley of Massachusetts General Hospital in Charlestown investigated the relationships of five functional brain networks to several proxies of cognitive reserve, including education, IQ, occupational attainment, and self-reported cognitive activities. (alzforum.org)
  • Most importantly, it provides a discussion about the brain reserve and suggests that fMRI pattern may represent its functional and measurable correlate. (j-alz.com)
  • fMRI studies of the human connectome have recently reported that AD patients present diminished functional efficiency in resting- state networks, leading to a loss in information flow and cognitive processing. (bvsalud.org)
Various cognitive2
  • Linear regression analyses were conducted separately in the LLD and control groups to examine the effects of WMH, education and their interaction in depression severity and various cognitive domains. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cognitive reserve is the capacity of a person to meet the various cognitive demands of life and is evident in an ability to assimilate information, comprehend relationships, and develop reasonable conclusions and plans. (wikipedia.org)
Protective4
  • In the absence of neurologic injury or demands on processing, compensatory and protective factors may be considered to represent cognitive capacity (CC), rather than cognitive reserve, per se. (elsevier.com)
  • Overall, the results suggest that cognitive reserve can work as a protective factor for cognitive and socio-professional outcomes for both AOMS and POMS. (multiplesclerosisnewstoday.com)
  • These results suggest that education is an indicator of cognitive reserve in individuals with low levels of brain degeneration, but the protective effect of higher education is rapidly depleted as brain degeneration progresses. (edu.au)
  • Cognitive reserve: a multidimensional protective factor in Parkinson's disease related cognitive impairment. (alzforum.org)
Proxies3
  • Because years of education and IQ score correlate with reserve, these measures are often used as proxies for it. (alzforum.org)
  • Studies use factors like education, occupation, and lifestyle as proxies for cognitive reserve because they tend to positively correlate with higher cognitive reserve. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, two most commonly used proxies to study cognitive reserve are education and occupation. (wikipedia.org)
Stern2
  • Patricia A. Boyle, Susan A. Legendre Ropacki, Robert A. Stern , Electroconvulsive Therapy and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: Pseudoexperimental Paradigms for Studying Cognitive Reserve. (routledge.com)
  • Y. Stern, "What is cognitive reserve? (koreascience.or.kr)
Performance on cognitive tests1
  • Research in patients with anxiety has shown that, compared to non-anxious control subjects, those with high-anxiety levels must exert greater effort (dedicate more brain resources) to maintain the same level of performance on cognitive tests. (lifeextension.com)
Changes in Cognitive Performance2
  • Brent J. Small, Tiffany F. Hughes, David F. Hultsch, Roger A. Dixon , Lifestyle Activities and Late-Life Changes in Cognitive Performance. (routledge.com)
  • We examined relationships between regional brain shrinkage and changes in cognitive performance, while taking into account the influence of age, vascular risk, Apolipoprotein E variant and socioeconomic status. (diva-portal.org)
Refers to the ability2
  • Cognitive control refers to the ability to flexibly shape thoughts and behavior to meet internal goals in the face of constantly changing environmental demands ( Miller and Cohen, 2001 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Cognitive reserve refers to the ability to make efficient and flexible use of the brain for task performance, and it is estimated using education, IQ, and leisure activities [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Implications1
  • This article examines these issues within the framework of neuroplasticity and cognitive reserve, thus providing implications for practice and research for nurses and health care professionals. (dovepress.com)
Rate of Cognitive Decline2
  • Lead author Robert S. Wilson, PhD, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, told Medscape Medical News that it has been fairly well established that reduced cognitive activity is associated with an increased rate of cognitive decline, but what has not been known is which comes first. (medscape.com)
  • After adjustment for plaques, tangles, infarcts, and Lewy bodies - pathologies signifying cognitive disease processes - as well as age at death, sex, and education, higher levels of cognitive activity in both early and later life were associated with a slower rate of cognitive decline in old age. (medscape.com)
Risk for cognitive decline2
  • We show that a blood test for beta-amyloid 42 might be a good way to predict those at risk for cognitive decline," said Yaffe. (ucsf.edu)
  • We anticipate that knowledge gained from this study will enable us to better predict which individuals with brain injury are at risk for cognitive decline," said Nancy Chiaravalloti, PhD, director of Neuropsychology and Neuroscience Research at Kessler Foundation, "and develop strategies that reduce their risk for cognitive problems. (bio-medicine.org)
Effect on cognitive decline2
  • This implies that brain degeneration has a smaller effect on cognitive decline in those with more education, but this has not been directly tested in previous research. (edu.au)
  • While education was not related to cognitive decline, brain atrophy had a stronger effect on cognitive decline in those with more education. (edu.au)
Level of cognitive performance1
  • Larger brain volumes at baseline predicted greater individual gains in Gf, but differences in LPFC volume change were in part explained by baseline level of cognitive performance. (diva-portal.org)
Study15
  • Evidence from a twin study indicates a genetic contribution to cognitive functions. (wikipedia.org)
  • A study combining twin and adoption studies found all cognitive functions to be heritable. (wikipedia.org)
  • Low blood levels of beta-amyloid 42, a protein-like substance, were associated with the risk of significant cognitive decline within nine years in a group of elders, in a study led by Kristine Yaffe, MD, chief of geriatric psychiatry at the San Francisco VA Medical Center. (ucsf.edu)
  • This study investigated whether cognitive reserve applies to the oldest-old. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Kessler Foundation receives grant to study cognitive reserve in traumatic br. (bio-medicine.org)
  • The study is based on the theory of cognitive reserve ie that people. (bio-medicine.org)
  • The study is based on the theory of cognitive reserve, ie, that people who have mentally active lifestyles are less likely to experience the cognitive decline associated with various brain diseases. (bio-medicine.org)
  • The research is part of the ongoing Project Newborn study, a longitudinal research project funded by the National Institutes of Health's National Institute on Drug Abuse that has followed the physical, social and cognitive developments of babies born to mothers who used cocaine, alcohol and other drugs during their pregnancies. (healthcanal.com)
  • The study was among the first to examine an association between FAEEs in meconium and cognitive development during childhood and adolescence. (healthcanal.com)
  • The goal is to increase "cognitive reserve" so that patients are able to continue functioning almost normally even as the disease advances, says Dr. Benoit Mulsant, the lead principal investigator of the study. (sunnybrook.ca)
  • Their involvement in the demanding study should increase their cognitive reserve. (sunnybrook.ca)
  • Cognitive reserve (CR) is a theoretical concept used to explain and study individual differences in cognitive symptom expression in neurological disease. (elsevier.com)
  • The objective of this study is to determine if educational attainment is correlated with cognitive decline, brain lesion volume, and total brain atrophy. (nih.gov)
  • This study provides first evidence for excess activation during processing of higher order visual stimuli of emotional content in the absence of emotional, visual or cognitive behavior abnormalities already in earlier stages of MS. (springer.com)
  • It was discovered that lower levels of beta-amyloid 42 and also a low ratio of 42 to 40 at the beginning of the study was linked to greater cognitive decline throughout the nine years, even when age, race, and other factors were adjusted. (psychcentral.com)
Assessments2
  • Method: A sample of 459 participants aged 50-79 years (M = 60.24, SD = 6.75) enrolled in the first four years of the THBP, provided salivary samples for genetic analysis and completed comprehensive annual cognitive assessments. (edu.au)
  • Cognitive assessments were completed by 323 participants at 4-year follow-up. (city.ac.uk)
Theory of cognitive reserve2
  • The theory of cognitive reserve suggests that people's lifestyle in early and middle ages challenges the brain, which makes them more able to tolerate illness or declines as they age. (icaa.cc)
  • Results from these studies have been explained by the theory of cognitive reserve [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
2018 Symposium - Reprogramming the Brain to Health: Measuring Brain Health Tickets, Thu, May 3, 2018 at 7:30 AM | Eventbrite
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Cognitive Reserve: Theory and Applications (e-Book) - Routledge (routledge.com)
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