Cognition disorders. Medical search

Disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment.

Intellectual or mental process whereby an organism obtains knowledge.

A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence.

Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.

Those disorders that have a disturbance in mood as their predominant feature.

Persistent and disabling ANXIETY.

Tests designed to assess neurological function associated with certain behaviors. They are used in diagnosing brain dysfunction or damage and central nervous system disorders or injury.

Categorical classification of MENTAL DISORDERS based on criteria sets with defining features. It is produced by the American Psychiatric Association. (DSM-IV, page xxii)

Marked depression appearing in the involution period and characterized by hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, and agitation.

An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.

A behavior disorder originating in childhood in which the essential features are signs of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Although most individuals have symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, one or the other pattern may be predominant. The disorder is more frequent in males than females. Onset is in childhood. Symptoms often attenuate during late adolescence although a minority experience the full complement of symptoms into mid-adulthood. (From DSM-V)

A disorder beginning in childhood. It is marked by the presence of markedly abnormal or impaired development in social interaction and communication and a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest. Manifestations of the disorder vary greatly depending on the developmental level and chronological age of the individual. (DSM-V)

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994)

A class of traumatic stress disorders with symptoms that last more than one month. There are various forms of post-traumatic stress disorder, depending on the time of onset and the duration of these stress symptoms. In the acute form, the duration of the symptoms is between 1 to 3 months. In the chronic form, symptoms last more than 3 months. With delayed onset, symptoms develop more than 6 months after the traumatic event.

A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior.

Complex mental function having four distinct phases: (1) memorizing or learning, (2) retention, (3) recall, and (4) recognition. Clinically, it is usually subdivided into immediate, recent, and remote memory.

Standardized procedures utilizing rating scales or interview schedules carried out by health personnel for evaluating the degree of mental illness.

Severe distortions in the development of many basic psychological functions that are not normal for any stage in development. These distortions are manifested in sustained social impairment, speech abnormalities, and peculiar motor movements.

An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, persistent obsessions or compulsions. Obsessions are the intrusive ideas, thoughts, or images that are experienced as senseless or repugnant. Compulsions are repetitive and seemingly purposeful behavior which the individual generally recognizes as senseless and from which the individual does not derive pleasure although it may provide a release from tension.

Disorders related to substance abuse.

A set of cognitive functions that controls complex, goal-directed thought and behavior. Executive function involves multiple domains, such as CONCEPT FORMATION, goal management, cognitive flexibility, INHIBITION control, and WORKING MEMORY. Impaired executive function is seen in a range of disorders, e.g., SCHIZOPHRENIA; and ADHD.

Any behavior caused by or affecting another individual, usually of the same species.

Anxiety disorders in which the essential feature is persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that the individual feels compelled to avoid. The individual recognizes the fear as excessive or unreasonable.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

The ability to attribute mental states (e.g., beliefs, desires, feelings, intentions, thoughts, etc.) to self and to others, allowing an individual to understand and infer behavior on the basis of the mental states. Difference or deficit in theory of mind is associated with ASPERGER SYNDROME; AUTISTIC DISORDER; and SCHIZOPHRENIA, etc.

Study of mental processes and behavior of schizophrenics.

The perceiving of attributes, characteristics, and behaviors of one's associates or social groups.

Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.

Focusing on certain aspects of current experience to the exclusion of others. It is the act of heeding or taking notice or concentrating.

A repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated. These behaviors include aggressive conduct that causes or threatens physical harm to other people or animals, nonaggressive conduct that causes property loss or damage, deceitfulness or theft, and serious violations of rules. The onset is before age 18. (From DSM-IV, 1994)

The feeling-tone accompaniment of an idea or mental representation. It is the most direct psychic derivative of instinct and the psychic representative of the various bodily changes by means of which instincts manifest themselves.

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.

Disorders characterized by recurrent TICS that may interfere with speech and other activities. Tics are sudden, rapid, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motor movements or vocalizations which may be exacerbated by stress and are generally attenuated during absorbing activities. Tic disorders are distinguished from conditions which feature other types of abnormal movements that may accompany another another condition. (From DSM-IV, 1994)

A personality disorder marked by a pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts. (DSM-IV)

Those affective states which can be experienced and have arousing and motivational properties.

An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness.

A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)

Conditions characterized by disturbances of usual sleep patterns or behaviors. Sleep disorders may be divided into three major categories: DYSSOMNIAS (i.e. disorders characterized by insomnia or hypersomnia), PARASOMNIAS (abnormal sleep behaviors), and sleep disorders secondary to medical or psychiatric disorders. (From Thorpy, Sleep Disorders Medicine, 1994, p187)

The presence of co-existing or additional diseases with reference to an initial diagnosis or with reference to the index condition that is the subject of study. Comorbidity may affect the ability of affected individuals to function and also their survival; it may be used as a prognostic indicator for length of hospital stay, cost factors, and outcome or survival.

Remembrance of information for a few seconds to hours.

Learning the correct route through a maze to obtain reinforcement. It is used for human or animal populations. (Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 6th ed)

Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time.

Drugs used to specifically facilitate learning or memory, particularly to prevent the cognitive deficits associated with dementias. These drugs act by a variety of mechanisms. While no potent nootropic drugs have yet been accepted for general use, several are being actively investigated.

The ability to learn and to deal with new situations and to deal effectively with tasks involving abstractions.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

The coordination of a sensory or ideational (cognitive) process and a motor activity.

The rostral part of the frontal lobe, bounded by the inferior precentral fissure in humans, which receives projection fibers from the MEDIODORSAL NUCLEUS OF THE THALAMUS. The prefrontal cortex receives afferent fibers from numerous structures of the DIENCEPHALON; MESENCEPHALON; and LIMBIC SYSTEM as well as cortical afferents of visual, auditory, and somatic origin.

Standardized tests that measure the present general ability or aptitude for intellectual performance.

Disorders having the presence of physical symptoms that suggest a general medical condition but that are not fully explained by a another medical condition, by the direct effects of a substance, or by another mental disorder. The symptoms must cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning. In contrast to FACTITIOUS DISORDERS and MALINGERING, the physical symptoms are not under voluntary control. (APA, DSM-V)

Assessment of psychological variables by the application of mathematical procedures.

Conditions characterized by a significant discrepancy between an individual's perceived level of intellect and their ability to acquire new language and other cognitive skills. These disorders may result from organic or psychological conditions. Relatively common subtypes include DYSLEXIA, DYSCALCULIA, and DYSGRAPHIA.

Syndromes which feature DYSKINESIAS as a cardinal manifestation of the disease process. Included in this category are degenerative, hereditary, post-infectious, medication-induced, post-inflammatory, and post-traumatic conditions.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

Imaging techniques used to colocalize sites of brain functions or physiological activity with brain structures.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

Capacity that enables an individual to cope with and/or recover from the impact of a neural injury or a psychotic episode.

Disorders related to or resulting from abuse or mis-use of alcohol.

Feeling or emotion of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.

Disorders characterized by proliferation of lymphoid tissue, general or unspecified.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Theoretical representations that simulate psychological processes and/or social processes. These include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

A prodromal phase of cognitive decline that may precede the emergence of ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other dementias. It may include impairment of cognition, such as impairments in language, visuospatial awareness, ATTENTION and MEMORY.

Relatively permanent change in behavior that is the result of past experience or practice. The concept includes the acquisition of knowledge.

Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with major depression present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.

A direct form of psychotherapy based on the interpretation of situations (cognitive structure of experiences) that determine how an individual feels and behaves. It is based on the premise that cognition, the process of acquiring knowledge and forming beliefs, is a primary determinant of mood and behavior. The therapy uses behavioral and verbal techniques to identify and correct negative thinking that is at the root of the aberrant behavior.

Standardized clinical interview used to assess current psychopathology by scaling patient responses to the questions.

The time from the onset of a stimulus until a response is observed.

The ability to understand and manage emotions and to use emotional knowledge to enhance thought and deal effectively with tasks. Components of emotional intelligence include empathy, self-motivation, self-awareness, self-regulation, and social skill. Emotional intelligence is a measurement of one's ability to socialize or relate to others.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

A personality disorder whose essential feature is a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood. The individual must be at least age 18 and must have a history of some symptoms of CONDUCT DISORDER before age 15. (From DSM-IV, 1994)

A learning situation involving more than one alternative from which a selection is made in order to attain a specific goal.

Modifying, carrying, or manipulating an item external to itself by an animal, before using it to effect a change on the environment or itself (from Beck, Animal Tool Behavior, 1980).

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

The observable response of a man or animal to a situation.

Acquired or developmental conditions marked by an impaired ability to comprehend or generate spoken forms of language.

Neurotic reactions to unusual, severe, or overwhelming military stress.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

Behaviors which are at variance with the expected social norm and which affect other individuals.

The observable response an animal makes to any situation.

A directed conversation aimed at eliciting information for psychiatric diagnosis, evaluation, treatment planning, etc. The interview may be conducted by a social worker or psychologist.

A curved elevation of GRAY MATTER extending the entire length of the floor of the TEMPORAL HORN of the LATERAL VENTRICLE (see also TEMPORAL LOBE). The hippocampus proper, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation.

Includes two similar disorders: oppositional defiant disorder and CONDUCT DISORDERS. Symptoms occurring in children with these disorders include: defiance of authority figures, angry outbursts, and other antisocial behaviors.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Standardized tests designed to measure abilities, as in intelligence, aptitude, and achievement tests, or to evaluate personality traits.

Conditions characterized by deficiencies of comprehension or expression of written and spoken forms of language. These include acquired and developmental disorders.

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

Disorders whose essential features are the failure to resist an impulse, drive, or temptation to perform an act that is harmful to the individual or to others. Individuals experience an increased sense of tension prior to the act and pleasure, gratification or release of tension at the time of committing the act.

The continuous sequential physiological and psychological maturing of an individual from birth up to but not including ADOLESCENCE.

Agents that control agitated psychotic behavior, alleviate acute psychotic states, reduce psychotic symptoms, and exert a quieting effect. They are used in SCHIZOPHRENIA; senile dementia; transient psychosis following surgery; or MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; etc. These drugs are often referred to as neuroleptics alluding to the tendency to produce neurological side effects, but not all antipsychotics are likely to produce such effects. Many of these drugs may also be effective against nausea, emesis, and pruritus.

Disorders in which the symptoms are distressing to the individual and recognized by him or her as being unacceptable. Social relationships may be greatly affected but usually remain within acceptable limits. The disturbance is relatively enduring or recurrent without treatment.

Mental activity, not predominantly perceptual, by which one apprehends some aspect of an object or situation based on past learning and experience.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

The thin layer of GRAY MATTER on the surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES that develops from the TELENCEPHALON and folds into gyri and sulchi. It reaches its highest development in humans and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions.

Learning to respond verbally to a verbal stimulus cue.

The scientific disciplines concerned with the embryology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, etc., of the nervous system.

The part of the cerebral hemisphere anterior to the central sulcus, and anterior and superior to the lateral sulcus.

Reactions of an individual or groups of individuals with relation to the immediate surrounding area including the animate or inanimate objects within that area.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

A meshlike structure composed of interconnecting nerve cells that are separated at the synaptic junction or joined to one another by cytoplasmic processes. In invertebrates, for example, the nerve net allows nerve impulses to spread over a wide area of the net because synapses can pass information in any direction.

A verbal or nonverbal means of communicating ideas or feelings.

A personality disorder in which there are oddities of thought (magical thinking, paranoid ideation, suspiciousness), perception (illusions, depersonalization), speech (digressive, vague, overelaborate), and behavior (inappropriate affect in social interactions, frequently social isolation) that are not severe enough to characterize schizophrenia.

Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle.

A psychological theory based on dimensions or categories used by a given person in describing or explaining the personality and behavior of others or of himself. The basic idea is that different people will use consistently different categories. The theory was formulated in the fifties by George Kelly. Two tests devised by him are the role construct repertory test and the repertory grid test. (From Stuart Sutherland, The International Dictionary of Psychology, 1989)

The reciprocal interaction of two or more persons.

Marked impairments in the development of motor coordination such that the impairment interferes with activities of daily living. (From DSM-V)

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Conceptual functions or thinking in all its forms.

A disorder associated with three or more of the following: eating until feeling uncomfortably full; eating large amounts of food when not physically hungry; eating much more rapidly than normal; eating alone due to embarrassment; feeling of disgust, DEPRESSION, or guilt after overeating. Criteria includes occurrence on average, at least 2 days a week for 6 months. The binge eating is not associated with the regular use of inappropriate compensatory behavior (i.e. purging, excessive exercise, etc.) and does not co-occur exclusively with BULIMIA NERVOSA or ANOREXIA NERVOSA. (From DSM-IV, 1994)

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.

Chronically depressed mood that occurs for most of the day more days than not for at least 2 years. The required minimum duration in children to make this diagnosis is 1 year. During periods of depressed mood, at least 2 of the following additional symptoms are present: poor appetite or overeating, insomnia or hypersomnia, low energy or fatigue, low self esteem, poor concentration or difficulty making decisions, and feelings of hopelessness. (DSM-IV)

Conditions which cause proliferation of hemopoietically active tissue or of tissue which has embryonic hemopoietic potential. They all involve dysregulation of multipotent MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS, most often caused by a mutation in the JAK2 PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE.

Neural tracts connecting one part of the nervous system with another.

A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer.

Sudden temporary alterations in the normally integrative functions of consciousness.

Non-invasive methods of visualizing the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, especially the brain, by various imaging modalities.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

The knowledge or perception that someone or something present has been previously encountered.

A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)

A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint. Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities, trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600)

Adaptation of the person to the social environment. Adjustment may take place by adapting the self to the environment or by changing the environment. (From Campbell, Psychiatric Dictionary, 1996)

Observable changes of expression in the face in response to emotional stimuli.

Stress wherein emotional factors predominate.

A disorder whose predominant feature is a loss or alteration in physical functioning that suggests a physical disorder but that is actually a direct expression of a psychological conflict or need.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

The awareness of the spatial properties of objects; includes physical space.

The determination and evaluation of personality attributes by interviews, observations, tests, or scales. Articles concerning personality measurement are considered to be within scope of this term.

The science and art of collecting, summarizing, and analyzing data that are subject to random variation. The term is also applied to the data themselves and to the summarization of the data.

Check list, usually to be filled out by a person about himself, consisting of many statements about personal characteristics which the subject checks.

The detailed examination of observable activity or behavior associated with the execution or completion of a required function or unit of work.

Includes both producing and responding to words, either written or spoken.

An individual's objective and insightful awareness of the feelings and behavior of another person. It should be distinguished from sympathy, which is usually nonobjective and noncritical. It includes caring, which is the demonstration of an awareness of and a concern for the good of others. (From Bioethics Thesaurus, 1992)

A component of the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH concerned with research, overall planning, promoting, and administering mental health programs and research. It was established in 1949.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

A functional relationship between psychological phenomena of such nature that the presence of one tends to evoke the other; also, the process by which such a relationship is established.

A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)

A characteristic symptom complex.

Tests designed to measure intellectual functioning in children and adults.

Conditions characterized by language abilities (comprehension and expression of speech and writing) that are below the expected level for a given age, generally in the absence of an intellectual impairment. These conditions may be associated with DEAFNESS; BRAIN DISEASES; MENTAL DISORDERS; or environmental factors.

Disorders in which there is a delay in development based on that expected for a given age level or stage of development. These impairments or disabilities originate before age 18, may be expected to continue indefinitely, and constitute a substantial impairment. Biological and nonbiological factors are involved in these disorders. (From American Psychiatric Glossary, 6th ed)

Common name for the largest birds in the order PASSERIFORMES, family Corvidae. These omnivorous black birds comprise most of the species in the genus Corvus, along with ravens and jackdaws (which are often also referred to as crows).

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

The physical activity of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.

The selecting and organizing of visual stimuli based on the individual's past experience.

Disorders of verbal and nonverbal communication caused by receptive or expressive LANGUAGE DISORDERS, cognitive dysfunction (e.g., MENTAL RETARDATION), psychiatric conditions, and HEARING DISORDERS.

The performance of the basic activities of self care, such as dressing, ambulation, or eating.

The process whereby a representation of past experience is elicited.

The tendency to explore or investigate a novel environment. It is considered a motivation not clearly distinguishable from curiosity.

Enzyme that catalyzes the movement of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionone to a catechol or a catecholamine.

Obsessive, persistent, intense fear of open places.

The age, developmental stage, or period of life at which a disease or the initial symptoms or manifestations of a disease appear in an individual.

The study of the precise nature of different mental tasks and the operations of the brain that enable them to be performed, engaging branches of psychology, computer science, philosophy, and linguistics. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

The process of discovering or asserting an objective or intrinsic relation between two objects or concepts; a faculty or power that enables a person to make judgments; the process of bringing to light and asserting the implicit meaning of a concept; a critical evaluation of a person or situation.

A person's view of himself.

The affective response to an actual current external danger which subsides with the elimination of the threatening condition.

Abnormalities of motor function that are associated with organic and non-organic cognitive disorders.

Recording of electric currents developed in the brain by means of electrodes applied to the scalp, to the surface of the brain, or placed within the substance of the brain.

Disturbances considered to be pathological based on age and stage appropriateness, e.g., conduct disturbances and anaclitic depression. This concept does not include psychoneuroses, psychoses, or personality disorders with fixed patterns.

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

Almond-shaped group of basal nuclei anterior to the INFERIOR HORN OF THE LATERAL VENTRICLE of the TEMPORAL LOBE. The amygdala is part of the limbic system.

A state of harmony between internal needs and external demands and the processes used in achieving this condition. (From APA Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed)

Those psychological characteristics which differentiate individuals from one another.

A disorder beginning in childhood whose essential features are persistent impairment in reciprocal social communication and social interaction, and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. These symptoms may limit or impair everyday functioning. (From DSM-5)

Observable manifestations of impaired psychological functioning.

Cognitive disorders characterized by an impaired ability to perceive the nature of objects or concepts through use of the sense organs. These include spatial neglect syndromes, where an individual does not attend to visual, auditory, or sensory stimuli presented from one side of the body.

A false belief regarding the self or persons or objects outside the self that persists despite the facts, and is not considered tenable by one's associates.

Principles applied to the analysis and explanation of psychological or behavioral phenomena.

An imprecise term referring to dementia associated with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRAL INFARCTION (single or multiple), and conditions associated with chronic BRAIN ISCHEMIA. Diffuse, cortical, and subcortical subtypes have been described. (From Gerontol Geriatr 1998 Feb;31(1):36-44)

Agents that are used to treat bipolar disorders or mania associated with other affective disorders.

A latent susceptibility to disease at the genetic level, which may be activated under certain conditions.

Mood-stimulating drugs used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions. Several MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS are useful as antidepressants apparently as a long-term consequence of their modulation of catecholamine levels. The tricyclic compounds useful as antidepressive agents (ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS, TRICYCLIC) also appear to act through brain catecholamine systems. A third group (ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS, SECOND-GENERATION) is a diverse group of drugs including some that act specifically on serotonergic systems.

A loosely defined group of drugs that tend to increase behavioral alertness, agitation, or excitation. They work by a variety of mechanisms, but usually not by direct excitation of neurons. The many drugs that have such actions as side effects to their main therapeutic use are not included here.

Aryl CYCLOPENTANES that are a reduced (protonated) form of INDENES.

Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as abnormal cellular changes, ischemia, malnutrition, or hormonal changes.

Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.

Disorders in which the essential feature is a severe disturbance in mood (depression, anxiety, elation, and excitement) accompanied by psychotic symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, gross impairment in reality testing, etc.

Evaluation of the level of physical, physiological, or mental functioning in the older population group.

The record of descent or ancestry, particularly of a particular condition or trait, indicating individual family members, their relationships, and their status with respect to the trait or condition.

Methods for visualizing REGIONAL BLOOD FLOW, metabolic, electrical, or other physiological activities in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM using various imaging modalities.

A major and the second most common isoform of apolipoprotein E. In humans, Apo E4 differs from APOLIPOPROTEIN E3 at only one residue 112 (cysteine is replaced by arginine), and exhibits a lower resistance to denaturation and greater propensity to form folded intermediates. Apo E4 is a risk factor for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES.

The capacity of the NERVOUS SYSTEM to change its reactivity as the result of successive activations.

The interference with or prevention of a behavioral or verbal response even though the stimulus for that response is present; in psychoanalysis the unconscious restraining of an instinctual process.

One of the convolutions on the medial surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES. It surrounds the rostral part of the brain and CORPUS CALLOSUM and forms part of the LIMBIC SYSTEM.

Those factors which cause an organism to behave or act in either a goal-seeking or satisfying manner. They may be influenced by physiological drives or by external stimuli.

A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.

The act of "taking account" of an object or state of affairs. It does not imply assessment of, nor attention to the qualities or nature of the object.

The co-existence of a substance abuse disorder with a psychiatric disorder. The diagnostic principle is based on the fact that it has been found often that chemically dependent patients also have psychiatric problems of various degrees of severity.

A collective expression for all behavior patterns acquired and socially transmitted through symbols. Culture includes customs, traditions, and language.

Educational attainment or level of education of individuals.

Acquired or developmental cognitive disorders of AUDITORY PERCEPTION characterized by a reduced ability to perceive information contained in auditory stimuli despite intact auditory pathways. Affected individuals have difficulty with speech perception, sound localization, and comprehending the meaning of inflections of speech.

A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLEPSY. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The d-isomer of this drug is referred to as DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE.

An act performed without delay, reflection, voluntary direction or obvious control in response to a stimulus.

A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral and social environment; the overall condition of a human life.

Maladaptive reactions to identifiable psychosocial stressors occurring within a short time after onset of the stressor. They are manifested by either impairment in social or occupational functioning or by symptoms (depression, anxiety, etc.) that are in excess of a normal and expected reaction to the stressor.

A heterogeneous group of inherited metabolic disorders marked by absent or dysfunctional PEROXISOMES. Peroxisomal enzymatic abnormalities may be single or multiple. Biosynthetic peroxisomal pathways are compromised, including the ability to synthesize ether lipids and to oxidize long-chain fatty acid precursors. Diseases in this category include ZELLWEGER SYNDROME; INFANTILE REFSUM DISEASE; rhizomelic chondrodysplasia (CHONDRODYSPLASIA PUNCTATA, RHIZOMELIC); hyperpipecolic acidemia; neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy; and ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY (X-linked). Neurologic dysfunction is a prominent feature of most peroxisomal disorders.

Drugs that inhibit cholinesterases. The neurotransmitter ACETYLCHOLINE is rapidly hydrolyzed, and thereby inactivated, by cholinesterases. When cholinesterases are inhibited, the action of endogenously released acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses is potentiated. Cholinesterase inhibitors are widely used clinically for their potentiation of cholinergic inputs to the gastrointestinal tract and urinary bladder, the eye, and skeletal muscles; they are also used for their effects on the heart and the central nervous system.

A scale comprising 18 symptom constructs chosen to represent relatively independent dimensions of manifest psychopathology. The initial intended use was to provide more efficient assessment of treatment response in clinical psychopharmacology research; however, the scale was readily adapted to other uses. (From Hersen, M. and Bellack, A.S., Dictionary of Behavioral Assessment Techniques, p. 87)

The aggregate of social and cultural institutions, forms, patterns, and processes that influence the life of an individual or community.

Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67 are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28)

Cognitive recovery after severe head injury. 3. WAIS verbal and performance IQs as a function of post-traumatic amnesia duration and time from injury. (1/8507)

Two studies are reported are reported in which severely head-injured patients were followed up and Verbal (VIQ) and Performance (PIQ) IQs obtained on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale at four intervals after injury. In the first study 51 patients were systematically followed, and results were based upon serial testing. In the second study results were based on the earliest data available from an additional 98 patients who had not been followed so systematically, in order to introduce a control for the effects of practice. Patients in both studies were categorised into four groups of the severity of head injury based upon duration of post-traumatic amnesia (PTA). In both studies, VIQ level was found to be related to PTA duration at three months after injury, while PIQ was related to PTA duration at both three and six months. No such relationships were found at 12 and 30 months after injury. Results are discussed in the context of previous studies relating the outcome of head injury to the duration of PTA. (+info)

Efficacy and safety of rivastigmine in patients with Alzheimer's disease: international randomised controlled trial. (2/8507)

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of rivastigmine on the core domains of Alzheimer's disease. DESIGN: Prospective, randomised, multicentre, double blind, placebo controlled, parallel group trial. Patients received either placebo, 1-4 mg/day (lower dose) rivastigmine, or 6-12 mg/day (higher dose) rivastigmine. Doses were increased in one of two fixed dose ranges (1-4 mg/day or 6-12 mg/day) over the first 12 weeks with a subsequent assessment period of 14 weeks. SETTING: 45 centres in Europe and North America. PARTICIPANTS: 725 patients with mild to moderately severe probable Alzheimer's disease diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition, and the criteria of the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association. OUTCOME MEASURES: Cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale, rating on the clinician interview based impression of change incorporating caregiver information scale, and the progressive deterioration scale. RESULTS: At the end of the study cognitive function had deteriorated among those in the placebo group. Scores on the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale improved in patients in the higher dose group when compared with patients taking placebo (P<0.05). Significantly more patients in the higher dose group had improved by 4 points or more than had improved in the placebo group (24% (57/242) v 16% (39/238)). Global function as rated by the clinician interview scale had significantly improved among those in the higher dose group compared with those taking placebo (P<0.001), and significantly more patients in the higher dose group showed improvement than did in the placebo group (37% (80/219) v 20% (46/230)). Mean scores on the progressive deterioration scale improved from baseline in patients in the higher dose group but fell in the placebo group. Adverse events were predominantly gastrointestinal, of mild to moderate severity, transient, and occurred mainly during escalation of the dose. 23% (55/242) of those in the higher dose group, 7% (18/242) of those in the lower dose group, and 7% (16/239) of those in the placebo group discontinued treatment because of adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Rivastigmine is well tolerated and effective. It improves cognition, participation in activities of daily living, and global evaluation ratings in patients with mild to moderately severe Alzheimer's disease. This is the first treatment to show compelling evidence of efficacy in a predominantly European population. (+info)

The Montefiore community children's project: a controlled study of cognitive and emotional problems of homeless mothers and children. (3/8507)

OBJECTIVES: This study compares the prevalence of emotional, academic, and cognitive impairment in children and mothers living in the community with those living in shelters for the homeless. METHOD: In New York City, 82 homeless mothers and their 102 children, aged 6 to 11, recruited from family shelters were compared to 115 nonhomeless mothers with 176 children recruited from classmates of the homeless children. Assessments included standardized tests and interviews. RESULTS: Mothers in shelters for the homeless showed higher rates of depression and anxiety than did nonhomeless mothers. Boys in homeless shelters showed higher rates of serious emotional and behavioral problems. Both boys and girls in homeless shelters showed more academic problems than did nonhomeless children. CONCLUSION: Study findings suggest a need among homeless children for special attention to academic problems that are not attributable to intellectual deficits in either children or their mothers. Although high rates of emotional and behavioral problems characterized poor children living in both settings, boys in shelters for the homeless may be particularly in need of professional attention. (+info)

Attention and executive deficits in Alzheimer's disease. A critical review. (4/8507)

In this review we summarize the progress that has been made in the research on attentional and executive deficits in Alzheimer's disease. Like memory, attention is now recognized as consisting of subtypes that differ in their function and anatomical basis. We base our review upon a classification of three subtypes of attention: selective, sustained and divided. This model derives from lesion studies, animal electrophysiological recordings and functional imaging. We examine how these subcomponents of attention can be reconciled with neuropsychological models of attentional control, particularly the Supervisory Attentional System and the Central Executive System of Shallice and Baddeley, respectively. We also discuss the relationship of attention to the concept of executive function. Current evidence suggests that after an initial amnesic stage in Alzheimer's disease, attention is the first non-memory domain to be affected, before deficits in language and visuospatial functions. This is consistent with the possibility that difficulties with activities of daily living, which occur in even mildly demented patients, may be related to attentional deficits. It appears that divided attention and aspects of selective attention, such as set-shifting and response selection, are particularly vulnerable while sustained attention is relatively preserved in the early stages. The phenomenon of cognitive slowing in Alzheimer's disease and normal ageing emphasizes the need to discriminate quantitative changes in attention dysfunction from qualitative changes which may be specifically related to the disease process. The neuropathological basis of these attentional deficits remains unsettled, with two competing hypotheses: spread of pathology from the medial temporal to basal forebrain structures versus corticocortical tract disconnection. Finally we discuss the difficulties of comparing evidence across studies and look at the implications for the design of future studies and future directions that may be fruitful in the research on attention in Alzheimer's disease. (+info)

Does vestibular stimulation activate thalamocortical mechanisms that reintegrate impaired cortical regions? (5/8507)

Caloric stimulation induced a transient reversal of multimodal hemispatial cognitive deficits in an 81-year-old woman with an acute left cerebral hemisphere stroke. The patient had unawareness of her right hand (asomatognosia), right-sided visual unawareness (hemineglect), aphasia and right-sided weakness (hemiplegia) prior to the stimulation. Transient improvements in impaired sensory, motor, linguistic and cognitive function developed within 30 s following application of the caloric stimulus and onset of horizontal nystagmus. The effect persisted for 3 min and ceased completely after 5 min. While several recent reports have described the capacity of caloric stimulation to transiently improve or reverse a wide range of attentional, cognitive and motor impairments, most examples are in right-hemisphere-damaged patients with long-standing brain injury. Typically, patients have been tested several months or years after the onset of the deficit. A possible mechanism for the temporary reintegration of multiple cognitive functions in this patient is discussed. (+info)

Longer term quality of life and outcome in stroke patients: is the Barthel index alone an adequate measure of outcome? (6/8507)

OBJECTIVES: To consider whether the Barthel Index alone provides sufficient information about the long term outcome of stroke. DESIGN: Cross sectional follow up study with a structured interview questionnaire and measures of impairment, disability, handicap, and general health. The scales used were the hospital anxiety and depression scale, mini mental state examination, Barthel index, modified Rankin scale, London handicap scale, Frenchay activities index, SF36, Nottingham health profile, life satisfaction index, and the caregiver strain index. SETTING: South east London. SUBJECTS: People, and their identified carers, resident in south east London in 1989-90 when they had their first in a life-time stroke aged under 75 years. INTERVENTIONS: Observational study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison and correlation of the individual Barthel index scores with the scores on other outcome measures. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty three (42%) people were known to be alive, of whom 106 (86%) were interviewed. The median age was 71 years (range 34-79). The mean interval between the stroke and follow up was 4.9 years. The rank correlation coefficients between the Barthel and the different dimensions of the SF36 ranged from r = 0.217 (with the role emotional dimension) to r = 0.810 (with the physical functioning dimension); with the Nottingham health profile the range was r = -0.189 (with the sleep dimension, NS) to r = -0.840 (with the physical mobility dimension); with the hospital and anxiety scale depression component the coefficient was r = -0.563, with the life satisfaction index r = 0.361, with the London handicap scale r = 0.726 and with the Frenchay activities index r = 0.826. CONCLUSIONS: The place of the Barthel index as the standard outcome measure for populations of stroke patients is still justified for long term follow up, and may be a proxy for different outcome measures intended for the assessment of other domains. (+info)

Confusional state in stroke: relation to preexisting dementia, patient characteristics, and outcome. (7/8507)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Acute confusional state (ACS) is frequent in hospitalized stroke patients. We previously showed that 16% of patients admitted for a stroke have preexisting dementia. The extent to which preexisting cognitive decline is associated with a risk of ACS at the acute stage of stroke remains to be systematically examined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of ACS in acute stroke patients, to study the influence of preexisting cognitive decline and other patient characteristics, and to evaluate the influence of ACS on outcome. METHODS: We diagnosed ACS using DSM-IV criteria and the Delirium Rating Scale with a cutoff of 10 in 202 consecutive stroke patients aged 40 years or older (median age, 75 years; range, 42 to 101 years). Cognitive functioning before stroke was assessed with the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly. RESULTS: Forty-nine stroke patients (24.3%; 95% CI, 18.3% to 30.2%) had an ACS during hospitalization. Using logistic regression analysis, we found preexisting cognitive decline (P=0.006) and metabolic or infectious disorders (P=0.008) to be independent predictors of ACS. Functional, but not vital, prognosis was worse in patients with ACS at discharge and 6 months after stroke. CONCLUSIONS: ACS occurs in one fourth of stroke patients older than 40 years. Its occurrence requires inquiry for a preexisting cognitive decline, which usually remains unrecognized in the absence of a systematic evaluation. (+info)

Cognitive function and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. (8/8507)

Among patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), impairment of cognitive function, i.e. deficits in memory, attention, and visuconstructive abilities are common. We applied different forms of treatment for patients with newly diagnosed OSAS in a randomized study with a one-year follow-up. Patients with BMI > 40 kg/m2 were excluded. After the initial diagnostic work-up, male patients were considered to be candidates for either nasal continuous airway pressure (nCPAP) (27 patients) or surgical treatment (uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with or without mandibular osteotomy) (23 patients). Within the groups, the patients were then randomized to active treatment (nCPAP/surgery) or to conservative management. Cognitive function and severity of OSAS were assessed prior to treatment and 3 and 12 months later. At 12 months, all patients on nCPAP had a normal ODI4 index (< 10), and were significantly less somnolent than their controls; 3/11 of the surgically treated patients had a normal ODI4 index. Daytime somnolence was significantly less severe in the surgically treated patients than in their controls. Cognitive function did not correlate importantly with daytime sleepiness or severity of OSAS; the best Pearson pairwise correlation coefficient was between ODI4 and the Bourdon-Wiersma (r = 0.36). Success in treatment of OSAS did not affect neuropsychological outcome. We concluded that the standard cognitive test battery is insufficiently sensitive to identify positive changes in patients with OSAS, especially among those with a high level of overall mental functioning. (+info)

Consciousness and Cognition. 20 (1): 99-108. doi:10.1016/j.concog.2010.10.018. ISSN 1090-2376. PMID 21087873. S2CID 17211680. ... Many people with personality disorders such as schizoid personality disorder, schizotypal personality disorder, and borderline ... borderline personality disorder and major depressive disorder, as well as all the dissociative disorders. It inquires about ... "The association of posttraumatic stress disorder, complex posttraumatic stress disorder, and borderline personality disorder ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depersonalization-derealization_disorder

Dementia is a disorder characterized by multiple deficits in cognition, including memory impairments. Patients with various ... Rothschild-Yakar, L., Eviatar, Z., Shamia, A., & Gur, E. (2011) Social Cognition in Eating Disorders: Encoding and ... Binge eating disorder (BED) Obese individuals with binge eating disorder have been compared with obese controls to see if there ... Examples of disorder-related stimuli include food, shape, weight and size. This heightened attention to disorder-related ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eating_disorders_and_memory

Aspen V, Darcy AM, Lock J (August 2013). "A review of attention biases in women with eating disorders". Cognition & Emotion. 27 ... Only one eating disorder can be diagnosed at a given time. Types of eating disorders include binge eating disorder, where the ... Eating disorders are classified as Axis I disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders (DSM-IV ... Axis II disorders are subtyped into 3 "clusters": A, B and C. The causality between personality disorders and eating disorders ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eating_disorder

In recent years, many researchers have been interested in exploring the relationship between emotional disorders and cognition ... obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder, and/or an eating disorder. Teachers are more likely to write referrals for ... oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder, and/or bipolar disorder; however, this population can also include ... or are diagnosed with disruptive behavior disorders such as oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder). Male students ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotional_and_behavioral_disorders

"Differences in social cognition between male prisoners with antisocial personality or psychotic disorder". International ... Anxiety disorders Depressive disorder Impulse control disorders Substance-related disorder Somatization disorder Attention ... disorder Bipolar disorder Borderline personality disorder Histrionic personality disorder Narcissistic personality disorder ... About 25-40% of youths with conduct disorder will be diagnosed with ASPD in adulthood. Conduct disorder (CD) is a disorder ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antisocial_personality_disorder

Brain and Cognition. 67 (3): 247-253. doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2008.01.006. PMID 18328609. S2CID 205788199. - via ScienceDirect ( ... Frontal disinhibition syndrome, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder, Rett syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder It ... Neurobiological brain disorder, Cognitive neuroscience, Frontal lobe, Mental disorders due to brain damage). ... Frontal lobe disorder, also frontal lobe syndrome, is an impairment of the frontal lobe that occurs due to disease or frontal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontal_lobe_disorder

It is divided into 5 broad sections: Cognition and stream of consciousness, which covers disturbances in the flow of thoughts ... such as delusional disorder, major depressive disorder, or bipolar disorder. The presence of self-disorders may have predictive ... Similar phenomena can occur in other conditions, such as bipolar disorder and depersonalization disorder, but Sass's (2014) ... and those with psychotic bipolar disorder or borderline personality disorder. The EASE has been found to have good reliability ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-disorder

... and thought disorder should be taken to mean formal thought disorders or a disorder of verbal cognition. - Phenomenology of ... The term thought disorder is often used to refer to a formal thought disorder. A formal thought disorder (FTD) is a disruption ... Thought Disorder (2016), 25.3. What Are the Boundaries of Thought Disorder?., pp. 498-499. Thought Disorder (2016), 25.4. What ... Schizophrenic Language Disorder, CLINICAL DESCRIPTION AND THOUGHT DISORDER, p. 167. ISBN 978-0-7020-5556-0. Thought Disorder ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thought_disorder

Related Disorders. 66: 3-8. doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.07.006. PMID 31300260. S2CID 196350357. Gates NJ, Rutjes AW, Di Nisio ... These and other approaches to the analysis of cognition (such as embodied cognition) are synthesized in the developing field of ... There are generally two components of metacognition: (1) knowledge about cognition and (2) regulation of cognition. Metamemory ... The Search for a Theory of Cognition: Early Mechanisms and New Ideas. Amsterdam: Rodopi. p. XIV. Matlin M (2009). Cognition. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognition

This is typically an acquired disorder derived from brain damage and it results in a diminished ability to effectively use ... Neuropsycholinguistic Perspectives on Language Cognition. Psychology Press. p. 194. ISBN 9781135099473 - via Google Books. ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paragraphia

... and Cognition. 38 (3): 783-792. doi:10.1037/a0027209. PMID 22329788. Krueger, Breanna I. (2019-02-26). "Eligibility and Speech ... and are subdivided into articulation disorders (also called phonetic disorders) and phonemic disorders. Articulation disorders ... Speech disorders refer to problems in producing the sounds of speech or with the quality of voice, where language disorders are ... Speech disorders or speech impairments are a type of communication disorder in which normal speech is disrupted. This can mean ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_disorder

Walker, Matthew P. (2009). "The Role of Sleep in Cognition and Emotion". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1156 (1): ... Bipolar disorder is known to have a high heritability. Therefore, sleep disturbances in bipolar disorder could also have a ... Sleep is known to play an important role in the etiology and maintenance of bipolar disorder. Patients with bipolar disorder ... The diagnosis of a bipolar disorder is linked to various sleep disorders. Comorbidities include insomnia and hypersomnia. Other ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep_in_bipolar_disorder

Helm-Estabrooks, Nancy (2002-03-01). "Cognition and aphasia: a discussion and a study". Journal of Communication Disorders. 35 ... She is known for her work on persons with aphasia and acquired cognitive-communication disorders Helm-Estabrooks received her ... Helms-Estabrooks was a co-founder of Academy of Neurologic Communication Disorders and Sciences (ANCDS), and served as ... she is a professor emerita and the former Brewer-Smith Distinguished Chair in the Department of Communication Disorders and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy_Helm-Estabrooks

Butterworth, B. (1992). "Disorders of phonological encoding". Cognition. 42 (1-3): 261-286. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.572.1032. doi: ... Cognition. 93 (2): 99-125. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.123.8504. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2003.11.004. PMID 15147931. S2CID 14205159. PDF ... Butterworth is one of the founding fathers of the modern approach to mathematical cognition. In 1989, when he started in this ... Over 18,000 people took part-the largest number ever to take part in a mathematical cognition experiment. He announced his ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Butterworth

Communication disorders, Language disorders, Symptoms and signs: Speech and voice). ... Nicholas M, Hunsaker E, Guarino AJ (2017-06-03). "The relation between language, non-verbal cognition and quality of life in ... In acute disorders, such as head injury or stroke, aphasia usually develops quickly. When caused by brain tumor, infection, or ... Apraxia is another disorder often correlated with aphasia. This is due to a subset of apraxia which affects speech. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphasia

Meltzoff, Andrew N. (1999). "Origins of theory of mind, cognition and communication" (PDF). Journal of Communication Disorders ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing_Machinery_and_Intelligence

"Anosognosia/anosognosic - Eating Disorders Glossary". glossary.feast-ed.org. Retrieved 2015-06-23. Pia L, Tamietto M (October ... Cognition. 15 (1-3): 111-144. doi:10.1016/0010-0277(83)90036-7. PMID 6686505. S2CID 29284758. " ... This phenomenon of double dissociation can be an indicator of domain-specific disorders of awareness modules, meaning that in ... Anosognosia may occur as part of receptive aphasia, a language disorder that causes poor comprehension of speech and the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anosognosia

Buchanan Ben G, Rossell Susan L, Castle David J (Feb 2011). "Body dysmorphic disorder: A review of nosology, cognition and ... obsessive-compulsive disorder, major depressive disorder, or social phobia. Social anxiety disorder and BDD are highly comorbid ... Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), occasionally still called dysmorphophobia, is a mental disorder characterized by the obsessive ... In 1886, Enrico Morselli reported a disorder that he termed dysmorphophobia, which described the disorder as a feeling of being ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_dysmorphic_disorder

... and substance use disorders. Individuals with autistic spectrum disorders including autism and Asperger syndrome are often ... Uekermann J, Daum I (May 2008). "Social cognition in alcoholism: a link to prefrontal cortex dysfunction?". Addiction. 103 (5 ... Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Hyperkinetic Disorder. Oxford, UK: OUP. pp. 3-18. ISBN 9780191576010. Mikami AY ( ... "A Critical Review of Social Skills Research with Behaviorally Disordered Students". Behavioral Disorders. 12 (1): 1-14. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_skills

Similarly, neuroscientists have come to learn much about music cognition by studying music-specific disorders. Even though ... This article explores two of the most commonly found music related disorders-(1) Before delving into the disorders related to ... This article describes some of the disorders that have been identified by neuroscientists. They range from disorders involving ... With a growing interest in music cognition amongst neuroscientists, music-specific disorders are becoming more relevant in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music-specific_disorders

Issues in the Biology of Language and Cognition. Boston, MA: A Bradford Book. ISBN 978-0-262-24030-7. OCLC 21760166. Dronkers, ... were subject-subject-subject sentences previously observed in children with various language disorders. Whereas most children ... de Groot, Annette M. B. (2011), Language and Cognition in Bilinguals and Multilinguals: An Introduction, New York, NY: ... Hurford, James R. (September 1991). "The evolution of the critical period for language acquisition" (PDF). Cognition. 40 (3): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_development_of_Genie

de Groot, Annette M. B. (2011), Language and Cognition in Bilinguals and Multilinguals: An Introduction, New York, NY: ... Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 11 (1): 15-30. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.255.6376. doi:10.1007/BF01531338. ISSN 0162-3257 ... Curtiss, Susan (1981). "Dissociations between language and cognition: cases and implications" (PDF). ... abilities and her competence in other aspects of human development strongly suggested there was a separation of cognition and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genie_(feral_child)

Cognition, 116(1), 130-135. {IF=3.481} Grüter, T., & Carbon, C. C. (2010). Escaping attention. Some cognitive disorders can be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claus-Christian_Carbon

"Brain oscillations in cognition and disorders". Neuronal Oscillations. Retrieved 29 June 2020. Ole Jensen publications indexed ... Jensen's research mainly focuses on the neuronal oscillatory dynamics supporting cognition in animals and humans. In particular ... Cognition and Behaviour. In 2016 he was appointed as professor in Translational Neuroscience at University of Birmingham, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ole_Jensen_(neuroscientist)

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 35 (6): 773-785. doi:10.1007/s10803-005-0023-8. PMID 16283086. (Cognition). ... Cognition. 108 (3): 702-709. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2008.06.004. PMID 18662813. Poirel, N.; A. Pineau; E. Mellet (2008). "What ... Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) subjects are prone to be distracted by the local aspects of stimuli when asked ... This finding dispels the idea that local precedence is a consequence or symptom of disorders, since the Himba is a normally ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_precedence

Fregoli delusion Gestalt Psychology Hollow-Face illusion Nonverbal learning disorder Pareidolia Prosopagnosia Social cognition ... Autism spectrum disorder is a comprehensive neural developmental disorder that produces social, communicative, and perceptual ... Cognition. 150: 163-169. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2016.02.010. PMID 26896901. S2CID 1096220. Charles A. Nelson (March-June 2001 ... Compared with other cognition problems, age estimation from facial images is challenging, mainly because the aging process is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Face_perception

Curtiss, S. (March 1981). "Dissociations between language and cognition: cases and implications". Journal of Autism and ... Assessing and Treating Low Incidence/High Severity Psychological Disorders of Childhood. New York, NY: Springer. pp. 81-93. doi ... or do anything that showed signs of cognition. Once she was taken away and placed in a foster home, she showed signs of ... Developmental Disorders. 11 (1): 15-30. doi:10.1007/bf01531338. ISSN 0162-3257. PMID 6927695. S2CID 20732949. Rymer, Russ. ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feral_child

Patients with this form of aphasia may present with a contiguity disorder in which they have difficulty combining linguistic ... Shigaki CL, Frey SH, Barrett AM (2014). "Rehabilitation of poststroke cognition". Medscape. 34 (5): 496-503. Savage, Meghan; ... Transcortical sensory aphasia Brookshire, R. H. (2007). Introduction to Neurogenic Communication Disorders. St. Louis, MO: ... or progressive neurological disorders. TMoA is diagnosed by the referring physician and speech-language pathologist (SLP). The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcortical_motor_aphasia

... bipolar disorder, and eating disorders. She was the senior author of the paper "Learned Helplessness in Humans: Critique and ... In F.T. Durso, R.S., Nickerson, R.W. Schvaneveldt, S.T. Dumais, & M.T.H. Chi (Eds.), Handbook of applied cognition (pp. 725-755 ... In N.S. Endler and *J. Hunt (Eds.), Personality and behavior disorders. New York: Wiley Abramson, L. Y., & Martin, D. J. (1981 ... In L.B. Alloy and J.H. Riskind (Eds.), Cognitive vulnerability to emotional disorders. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum. Alloy, L. B ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyn_Yvonne_Abramson

Arntz A (September 2005). "Introduction to special issue: cognition and emotion in borderline personality disorder". Journal of ... including panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) other personality disorders, ... substance use disorders, eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. People ... Many people with borderline personality disorder also have mood disorders, such as major depressive disorder or a bipolar ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borderline_personality_disorder

... mood disorders, personality disorders, and psychiatric disorders). In 2012 a team of psychiatrists, behavioral psychologists, ... Boyer builds on the ideas of cognitive anthropologists Dan Sperber and Scott Atran, who first argued that religious cognition ... with patients affected by mental disorders related to the psychotic spectrum using different clusters of disorders and ... schizoaffective disorder, manic depression, delusional disorder, delusions of grandeur, auditory-visual hallucinations, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology_of_religion

AIDS Acquired brain injury Cancer Chronic pain Concussion Limb loss Multiple sclerosis Neuromuscular disorders Spinal cord ... approaches to cognitive rehabilitation incorporate the subjective experience of the patient while targeting meta-cognition or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rehabilitation_psychology

Depression and anxiety disorders are also common. Other striking and distressing skin changes that may appear in Cushing's ... Belanoff JK, Gross K, Yager A, Schatzberg AF (2001). "Corticosteroids and cognition". Journal of Psychiatric Research. 35 (3): ... Some of these are associated with inherited disorders such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and Carney complex. Diagnosis ... Adrenal gland disorders, Medical conditions related to obesity, Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate, Syndromes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cushing's_syndrome

Cognition Goals may cause someone to develop and change their behavior. People perform better when they are committed to ... Behavioral Disorders. 41 (2): 107-121. doi:10.17988/0198-7429-41.2.107. ISSN 0198-7429. S2CID 148116102. Kumm, Skip; Maggin, ... and Cognition. 26 (5): 1318-1331. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.26.5.1318. PMID 11009260. Roese, Neal J.; Hur, Taekyun; Pennington, ... Daniel (2021-03-16). "Intensifying Goal-Setting Interventions for Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders". Beyond ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goal_setting

... may start with attacks of migraine with aura or subcortical transient ischemic attacks or strokes, or mood disorders ... Susman, Ed (2008-04-03). "Donepezil Fails to Improve Cognition in Patients with CADASI... : Neurology Today". Neurology Today. ... The disease belongs to a family of disorders called the leukodystrophies. The most common clinical manifestations are migraine ... Fisher, Christopher (14 March 2011). "CADASIL, A Vascular Brain Disorder, Is Often Misdiagnosed As Multiple Sclerosis". BMED ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CADASIL

... anxiety disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. He wrote a series of columns on popular psychology for the local newspaper ... The manufacturer warned of impaired cognition as a side effect. Chinese health regulation had stopped the device from being ... "cognitive and personality disorders". Yang promoted electroconvulsive therapy as a means to remedy such disorders. According to ... "Altered Structural Correlates of Impulsivity in Adolescents with Internet Gaming Disorder". Du X, Qi X, Yang Y, Du G, Gao P, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yang_Yongxin

The modalities are referred to with the acronym BASIC ID which stands for Behavior, Affect, Sensation, Imagery, Cognition, ... that humans have modalities to their personality that must be addressed separately in order to properly treat a mental disorder ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_Lazarus

Cognition Lab. Current research in the group investigates how the brain prioritises and selects information from the sensory ... Other markers of acclaim include elected membership to the International Neuropsychological Symposium and Memory Disorders ... Brain and Cognition Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, University of Oxford St Catherine's Oxford Oxford Wellcome Centre ... examine how the mechanisms develop over the lifespan and how they are disrupted in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Christina_Nobre

... personality disorders, trauma and stress-related disorders, dissociative disorders, schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic ... Betrayal trauma theory emerged to integrate evolutionary processes, mental modules, social cognitions, and developmental needs ... Models of attachment-based dissociative disorders and trauma-related disorders involving betrayal trauma have been indicated in ... disorders and substance-related and addictive disorders. Many of these disorders can be disposed to experiencing betrayal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betrayal_trauma

These include increased spatial cognition and decreased social engagement, unlike the wild-type mice. A hippocampal ... determined that the elimination of the GABRA4 gene displayed characteristics that are associated with autism spectrum disorder ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GABRA4

Astrophysics ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders ARC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_of_excellence

Ekman, Paul (1999). "Basic Emotions" (PDF). In T. Dalgleish, & M. Power (ed.). Handbook of Cognition and Emotion. John Wiley & ... There are a few disorders that show deficiency in emotional expression and response. These include alexithymia, autism, ... Cognition & Emotion. 23 (7): 1284-1306. doi:10.1080/02699930902985894. PMC 2835153. PMID 20221411. Russell, J.A. (2003). "Core ... hypomimia and involuntary expression disorder.[citation needed] Expressing emotions can have important effects on individuals' ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotional_expression

Effects of caffeine on sleep and cognition", Progress in Brain Research, Human Sleep and Cognition Part II, Elsevier, vol. 190 ... One month after the coronavirus outbreak, a study determined a frequency of PTSD (Post-traumatic stress disorder) symptoms ... There is a strong association between lack of sleep and increased irritability, depression, and anxiety disorders. The working ... is developed in response to these events/stressors which in turn causes emotional disorders and later life sleeping disorders. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_stress_and_sleep

Human behavior and cognition are characterized by the ability to adapt to a dynamic environment, whether in attention, action, ... Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders. 7 (12): 1631-1637. doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2013.09.009. Arthur T. Jersild (June 1927). " ... Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22, 1423-1442 Wong, A. S.W.; Cooper, P. S.; Conley, A. C ... "Set-shifting in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders". Autism. 13 (5): 523-538. doi:10.1177/1362361309335716. PMC 3018342. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Task_switching_(psychology)

The report suggests that individuals with autism spectrum disorder could benefit from MMORPGs by being provided a space to ... which postulates that dysfunctional self-related cognitions represent central factors contributing towards the development and ... ISBN 978-0-470-93626-9. Parrott, Scott; Rogers, Ryan; Towery, Nathan A.; Hakim, Samuel D. (2020-12-01). "Gaming Disorder: News ... published a significant report detailing the value of MMORPGs for the treatment of individuals with Autism Spectrum disorder. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massively_multiplayer_online_role-playing_game

... or in milder forms it is also called paranoid personality disorder. An example of this disorder is commonly illustrated by a ... Cognition Cognitive ethology Functionalism (philosophy of mind) Language module Visual modularity This article is based on an ... The obsessive-compulsory disorder is an extreme malfunction of a normal adaptation trait in all humans. A cognitive module ... Some behaviors related to this disorder can get to the extent of following the other person on the street or observe him or her ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_module

Cognition. 92 (1-2): 67-99. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2003.10.011. PMID 15037127. S2CID 635860. Chistovich, L. A.; Pickett, J. M ... It is used as an activity when studying fluency disorders, for students to experience how psychological and social outcomes are ... The most basic form of speech shadowing occurs without the need of cognition. This is evidenced by the phonetic imitation of ... Liberman, Alvin M.; Mattingly, Ignatius G. (1985). "The motor theory of speech perception revised". Cognition. 21 (1): 1-36. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_shadowing

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, mixed anxiety disorders, and psychosis, and "Strong Research Support" in chronic pain. ACT is ... In the basic area, Relational Frame Theory is a research program in language and cognition that is considered part of ... implicit cognition and reasoning. Established in 2005, ACBS has about 9,000 members. Slightly more than one half are outside of ... "The contribution of Relational Frame Theory to the development of interventions for impairments of language and cognition". 14 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_for_Contextual_Behavioral_Science

Amso D.; Casey B.J. (2006). "Paper: Beyond what develops when: neuroimaging may inform how cognition changes with development ... and work on developmental disorders by Annette Karmiloff-Smith. "Home , Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development". Johnson, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_specialization

Rowton, Samuel James (1864). On the Inseparable Co-operation of Sense and Intellect for Arriving at Cognitions. Finke, Ronald A ... Uhlhaas, Peter J.; Singer, Wolf (October 5, 2006). "Neural Synchrony in Brain Disorders: Relevance for Cognitive Dysfunctions ... Christoff, Kalina; Gabrieli, John D. E. (4 November 2013). "The frontopolar cortex and human cognition: Evidence for a ... Cognition and Personality. 23 (2): 183-191. doi:10.2190/KRQB-0CED-NX6J-HQ72. S2CID 146644818. Vyshedskiy, Andrey (2014). On the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefrontal_synthesis

Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (ACA) is a chronic skin disorder observed primarily in Europe among the elderly. ACA begins ... complex cognition, and emotional status. White matter disease may have a greater potential for recovery than gray matter ... Researchers are investigating if this neurohormone secretion is the cause of neuropsychiatric disorders developing in some ... where physician Alfred Buchwald described a man who for 16 years had had a degenerative skin disorder now known as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease

Archived 17 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine Kohen, D.P., Mahowald, M.W. & Rosen, G.M., "Sleep-Terror Disorder in Children: ... Barber, T.X., "Changing "Unchangeable" Bodily Processes by (Hypnotic) Suggestions: A New Look at Hypnosis, Cognitions, ... Graci, Gina M.; Hardie, John C. (May 2007). "Evidenced-based hypnotherapy for the management of sleep disorders". International ... Hypnosis may help pain management, anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, obesity, asthma, and skin conditions. When this ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-hypnosis

... is used as a pill to treat major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and chronic hives, and for short-term help ... cognition and mood?". The European Journal of Neuroscience. 29 (9): 1795-809. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2009.06718.x. PMID ... "Sleep Disorder (Sedative-Hypnotic) Drug Information - U.S. FDA". Food and Drug Administration. 13 June 2017. Retrieved 9 August ... Qaseem A, Kansagara D, Forciea MA, Cooke M, Denberg TD (July 2016). "Management of Chronic Insomnia Disorder in Adults: A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doxepin

... argues that narcissistic and borderline personality disorders are found in terrorists and that mechanisms such as splitting and ... cognition, information processing, learning strategies, socialization and attitude formation. Political psychological theory ... Community psychology Experimental political science International Society of Political Psychology Political cognition Political ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_psychology

2001). Genetics of Cognition: Outline of a collaborative Twin Study. Twin Research, 1, 1-9. Historical table of BGA meetings " ... over 1300 peer-reviewed articles on topics including the heritability of religion and intelligence and medical disorders such ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_G._Martin

... severe anger is not a recognized disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. This manual is used as ... Averill, J.R. (1993). "Putting the social in social cognition, with special reference to emotion". In R.S. Wyer; T.K. Srull ( ... Anger attacks are found in 40% of those with major depressive disorder with 64-71% of cases responding to an SSRI such as ... Problems dealing with angry feelings may be linked to psychological disorders such as anxiety or depression. Angry outbursts ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anger_management

The different approaches she has developed to study brain based disorders of language and memory have brought great rigour to ... University of Cambridge and MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit. She is a specialist in cognitive neuropsychologyand an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karalyn_Patterson

The person with DLB may experience disorders of wakefulness or sleep disorders (in addition to REM sleep behavior disorder) ... November 2019). "Fluctuating cognition in the Lewy body dementias". Brain (Review). 142 (11): 3338-3350. doi:10.1093/brain/ ... REM sleep behavior disorder and dementia with Lewy bodies "REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) has been studied more thoroughly ... Sleep disorders (disrupted sleep cycles, sleep apnea, and arousal from periodic limb movement disorder) are common in DLB and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia_with_Lewy_bodies

... such as anxiety disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, complaining disorders and bonding disorders (emotional ... The clinical picture is usually delirium - a global disturbance of cognition, affecting consciousness, attention, comprehension ... The prevalence and burden of bipolar disorder: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Bipolar Disorders 18: 440 ... Bipolar Disorders 15: 394-404. Wesseloo R, Kamperman A M, Munk-Olsen T, Pop V J M, Kushner S A, Bergink V (2016) Risk of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postpartum_psychosis

Many mental health disorders, including major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, borderline personality disorder, ... Rochat, Philippe (2003). "Five levels of self-awareness as they unfold early in life". Consciousness and Cognition. 12 (4): 717 ... substance use disorders, and eating disorders, can be conceptualized through the lens of social emotional development, most ... Many of the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder reflect abnormalities in social emotional developmental areas, including ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_emotional_development

... the glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist memantine may improve the cognitive deficits of bipolar disorder. ... Cite this: Memantine May Improve Cognition in Bipolar Disorder - Medscape - Jun 19, 2013. ... Fifty-five percent of the patients had type I bipolar disorder, and 45% had bipolar II disorder. All had reported subjective ... "So we saw that people did better on tests of cognition, and also saw biological changes occurring at the same time in the brain ...

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/806567

... February 15, 2023. Researchers from ... Human cognition is a defining feature of human evolution, setting us apart from other primates. Despite over 100 million ... we are advancing towards understanding the mechanism of complex diseases and disorders and paving the way for the development ... used computational modeling to uncover mutations in the human genome that likely influenced the evolution of human cognition. ...

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/news/Computational_Modeling_Sheds_Light_on_Human_Cognition_and_the_Origins_of_Brain_Disorders.html

Language, Cognition and Communication Disorders in Adults. School of Education, Communication and Language Sciences ... Language, Cognition and Communication Disorders in Adults. We focus on language and communication difficulties in adults with ... This includes language and cognition in ageing.. We aim to advance theoretical understanding and models of speech and language ... Newcastle University , Education, Communication and Language Sciences , Our Research , Research Themes , Language, Cognition ...

https://www.ncl.ac.uk/ecls/research/research-themes/language-disorders/

Project Title: TRAINING PROGRAM IN THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF COGNITION AND COGNITIVE DISORDERS Abstract: DESCRIPTION (provided by ... Grant Abstract: TRAINING PROGRAM IN THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF COGNITION AND COGNITIVE DISORDERS ... we propose to develop a four-year Training Program in the Neurobiology of Cognition and Cognitive Disorders at the University ... we propose to bring together a group of outstanding UAB faculty members working in cognition and cognitive disorders and allow ...

https://ods.od.nih.gov/Funding/abstract.aspx?g=5T32NS061788-03+&print=1

Studying the psychological processes contributing to the development of mental disorders, and how these may be influenced by ... In this context we focus chiefly, but not exclusively on the common mental disorders: depression and suicide, anxiety disorders ... The public mental health perspective means that we look at the mental disorders, the processes that lead to them and their ... In this regard, the focus is on prevention and the development processes of the disorders as well as the inhibiting and ...

https://vu.nl/en/about-vu/more-about/cognition-affect-behavior-and-intervention-in-mental-disorder

Cognition and Acquired Language Disorders: An Information Processing Approach, addresses the cognitive aspects of language ... The text is organized using an information processing approach to acquired language disorders, and thus can be set apart from ... These protocols provide students and clinicians a ready clinical resource for managing language disorders due to deficits in ... This approach facilitates the description and treatment of acquired language disorders across many neurologic groups when ...

https://evolve.elsevier.com/cs/product/9780323261609?role=student

SHORT COMMUNICATION: Apolipoprotein E genotype and cognition in bipolar disorder Márcio Gerhardt Soeira-de-Souza 1 , Danielle ... SHORT COMMUNICATION: Apolipoprotein E genotype and cognition in bipolar disorder Márcio Gerhardt Soeira-de-Souza et al. CNS ... Cognitive deficits in bipolar disorders: Implications for emotion. Lima IMM, Peckham AD, Johnson SL. Lima IMM, et al. Clin ... CD is an important feature of Bipolar Disorder (BD) and recent data suggest that CD may be one of its endophenotypes, although ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20406267

A Clinical Update on Autism and the Autism Spectrum Disorders (2) Cognition and Brain Function Connectivity in Autism ... A clinical update on autism and the autism spectrum disorders / Susan E. Swedo. Cognition and brain function connectivity in ... CC Grand Rounds: (1) A Clinical Update on Autism and the Autism Spectrum Disorders (2) Cognition and Brain Function ... CC Grand Rounds: (1) A Clinical Update on Autism and the Autism Spectrum Disorders (2) Cognition and Brain Function ...

https://videocast.nih.gov/watch=8471

Individual Differences in Language Development and Disorders - CARTA presents Impact of Early Life Deprivation on Cognition - ... CARTA: Impact of Early Life Deprivation on Cognition: Implications for the Evolutionary Origins of the Human Mind. ...

https://uctv.tv/shows/Individual-Differences-in-Language-Development-and-Disorders-CARTA-presents-Impact-of-Early-Life-Deprivation-on-Cognition-Paula-Tallal-35287

I love that she classes this as a neurodevelopmental disorder and explains how it is related to other disorders, impacts ... Learned developmental language disorder is same as receptive and expressive language disorder. ... Developmental Language Disorder as a Neurodevelopmental Disability Course: #9618Level: Advanced1.5 Hour 1575 Reviews ... This was such a great course to attend to shift my perspective of DLD being a spectrum disorder. I retired as a school ...

https://www.speechpathology.com/slp-ceus/course/developmental-language-disorder-as-neurodevelopmental-9618

Mapping the neuroanatomic substrates of cognition in familial attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Rachel Muster 1 , Saadia ... Mapping the neuroanatomic substrates of cognition in familial attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Rachel Muster et al. ... Neural hyperactivity related to working memory in drug-naive boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Li Y, Li F, He ... Neural correlates of cognitive function and symptoms in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. Duan K, Chen J, ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29792238

Visual cognition in disorders of consciousness: from V1 to top-down attention.. Martin Monti , Pickard J.D., Owen A.M. Human ... we present a novel functional magnetic resonance imaging exploration of visual cognition in a patient with a severe disorder of ... What is it like to be at the lower boundaries of consciousness? Disorders of consciousness such as coma, the vegetative state, ...

https://www.cresa.eu/pubblicazione/visual-cognition-in-disorders-of-consciousness-from-v1-to-top-down-attention/

... a national study that aims to better understand language and cognition in two groups of children affected by language disorders ... Language development researchers Jill Hoover, associate professor of communication disorders in the UMass Amherst School of ... 3 min readStudy Aims to Document Relationship Between Language and Cognition in Childhood Language Disorders. *. October 21, ... Developmental language disorder is a common childhood language condition. In a classroom of 30 children, two will typically be ...

https://mindzilla.com/newsroom/science/bioresearch/50400/20211021-study-aims-to-document-relationship-between-language-and-cognition-in-childhood-language-disorders/

Mental imagery in bipolar affective disorder versus unipolar depression: Investigating cognitions at times of positive mood ... Mental imagery in bipolar affective disorder versus unipolar depression: Investigating cognitions at times of positive mood ...

https://www.ndcn.ox.ac.uk/publications/472165

... transient disorders and chronic disorders. Transient disorders include jet lag or a changed sleep schedule due to work, social ... Cognition. Assess impact on complex cognitive tasks such as selective attention and executive function as these will impact on ... Differentiation of transient disorders from chronic disorders and primary disorders from secondary disorders influences the ... Autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and sleep disorders. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2009 Aug 26. [ ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1188944-clinical

Malabsorptive disorder. *Gastrointestinal or hepatic disease. *Severe ischemic heart disease, pulmonary disease, or bariatric ... Mediterranean Diet, Weight Loss, and Cognition in Obese Older Adults Start: September 1, 2016. End: April 1, 2021. Enrollment: ... HomeMediterranean Diet, Weight Loss, and Cognition in Obese Older Adults. ...

https://www.nia.nih.gov/alzheimers/clinical-trials/mediterranean-diet-weight-loss-and-cognition-obese-older-adults

Prescription drugs designed to boost cognition in neurodevelopmental disorders do not boost cognitive performance in healthy ... VIENNA, Austria - Prescription drugs designed to boost cognition in neurodevelopmental disorders do not increase overall ... Cognition-Boosting Smart Drugs Not So Smart for Healthy People - Medscape - Oct 21, 2022. ... In a randomized controlled trial, 40 healthy adults were given the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatments ...

http://medscape.com/viewarticle/982840

Start Over You searched for: Subjects Cognition Disorders ✖Remove constraint Subjects: Cognition Disorders ... Cognition Disorders. Intelligence. Retirement. Humans. United States 6. What financial risks do retirees face in late life? ... Cognition Disorders. Decision Making. Financing, Personal. Retirement. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Humans. United States 2. How do ... Cognition Disorders. Health Status. Motor Skills. Retirement. Humans. United States 3. Why do people lapse their long-term care ...

https://collections.nlm.nih.gov/?f%5Bdrep2.subjectAggregate%5D%5B%5D=Cognition+Disorders

Brain and Cognition Research Study. Enrolling locally from the Washington, D.C. metro region ... Download, read, and order free NIMH brochures and fact sheets about mental disorders and related topics. ... DECIBELS: DiscovEring CortIcal BiomarkErs in Language processing in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Enrolling ... NIMH offers expert-reviewed information on mental disorders and a range of topics. ...

https://www.nimh.nih.gov/research/research-conducted-at-nimh/join-a-study/adults/adults-healthy-volunteers

Development of Mathematical Cognition and Reasoning and the Prevention of Math Learning Disabilities (R21) PA-12-246. NICHD ... Director, Math & Science Cognition & Learning - Development & Disorders Program. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of ... later mathematical cognition/achievement and other mathematical cognition precursors. *Investigations of genetic x ... Examine and identify the mechanism(s) by which non-cognitive/other major organ system disorders (e.g., cancer, heart disease, ...

https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-12-246.html

Problems with cognition, thinking, or memory. Problems with speaking or understanding speech. Problems with emotion. Problems ... Several rare inherited disorders cause an unusual tendency toward stroke. One such disorder is cerebral autosomal dominant ... For more information on neurological disorders or research programs funded by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders ... Problems with cognition, thinking, or memory. Stroke may cause problems with thinking, awareness, attention, learning, judgment ...

https://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/patient-caregiver-education/hope-through-research/stroke-hope-through-research

In veterans with PTSD, up to two-thirds retain their diagnosis after psychotherapy and often their disorder is treatment- ... as well as embodied cognition theories, provide a rationale for decreased avoidance by literally approaching cues of the ... In veterans with PTSD, up to two-thirds retain their diagnosis after psychotherapy and often their disorder is treatment- ... as well as embodied cognition theories, provide a rationale for decreased avoidance by literally approaching cues of the ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00176/full?&utm_source=Email_to_authors_&utm_medium=Email&utm_content=T1_11.5e1_author&utm_campaign=Email_publication&field=&journalName=Frontiers_in_Psychiatry&id=308578

Teacher ratings of DSM-III-R symptoms for the disruptive behavior disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 31:210- ... Domain-Specific Effects of Prenatal Exposure to PCBs, Mercury, and Lead on Infant Cognition: Results from the Environmental ... Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition. Arlington, VA American Psychiatric Association. Google ... AU DÉVELOPPEMENT DES TROUBLES INTÉRIORISÉSEXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS AS A RISK FACTOR FOR INTERNALISED DISORDERS ...

https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/references/10.1289/ehp.1206323

... cognition. RESULTS: Relative to HCs, patients with BD exhibited global neurocognitive deficits (ps , 0.001), as well as ... Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) experience persistent impairments in both affective and non-affective cognitive function, ... Aberrant cognition in newly diagnosed patients with bipolar disorder and their unaffected relatives. ... Aberrant cognition in newly diagnosed patients with bipolar disorder and their unaffected relatives. ...

https://www.win.ox.ac.uk/publications/1049875

Common sleep disorders like obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may represent risk factors for cognitive decline. We have found a ... Role of Sleep Apnea in Cognition and Alzheimers Disease Biomarkers in WTC Responders. ... PET/MR and cognition using a visual-spatial memory test. This study has the potential to identify the mechanisms by which sleep ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/ResearchGateway/ResearchProjects/Details/161

Mathematics and Science Cognition, Reasoning, and Learning: Development and Disorders Program Official: Kathy Mann Koepke. This ... Neurodevelopment, Cognition, and Behavior Acting Program Official: Bettina Buhring. This program supports basic research on ... Science Cognition and Learning. This area of research emphasis includes studies to improve understanding of the cognitive and ... Mathematical Cognition, Reasoning, and Learning. Areas of focus within typical development of quantitative reasoning and ...

https://www.nichd.nih.gov/about/org/der/branches/cdbb/programs

... s disease and Related Disorders Association probable AD criteria, while 12 met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental ... Disorders, Revised Third Edition and Hachinski diagnostic criteria for multi-infarct dementia (vascular dementia). Clinic ... dementia clinic subjects consisting of 15 mild AD patients met National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders ...

https://www.src.isr.umich.edu/keyword/cognition-disorders-in-old-age_psychological-aspects/

2009) Does disturbance of self underlie social cognition deficits in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders? Early ... This paper attempts to integrate a strand of cognitive research in psychotic disorders (specifically, social cognition research ... Does disturbance of self underlie social cognition deficits in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders? ... may underlie the social cognition difficulties present in psychotic disorders. This argument is based on phenomenological ...

http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/73336/

Cognition and Emotion: From Order to Disorder provides both an advanced textbook for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in ... It also provides a core cognition and emotion textbook through the inclusion of a comprehensive review of the basic literature ... Similarly, there are numerous theories that seek to explain one or more emotional disorders (e.g., depression, post-traumatic ... The authors integrate work on normal emotions with work on the emotional disorders. Although there are many influential ...

https://books.google.com.qa/books?id=9OOiGVx1Rg0C&pg=PR3&vq=discussion&dq=editions:ISBN0429590067&hl=ru&output=html_text&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=3

Brain and Behavior covers a wide swath of territory critical for understanding the brain, from the basics of the nervous system, to sensory and motor systems, sleep, language, memory, emotions and motivation, social cognition, and brain disorders. (oup.com)
[ 11 ] refers to the presence of the social behavior and repetitive activities of autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability (ie, high-functioning autism). (medscape.com)
CP motor disorders are often accompanied by epilepsy, secondary musculoskeletal problems and disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication and behavior. (bvsalud.org)
Stages of change in hearing -protection behavior, cognition, and hearing status. (cdc.gov)
Using information from families and health professionals, FORWARD-MARCH will collect detailed data on cognition (thinking), behavior, and daily functioning. (cdc.gov)

Bipolar disorder, which in the ICD-10 is classified as bipolar disorder, or manic-depressive illness (MDI), is a common, severe, and persistent mental illness. (medscape.com)
Bipolar disorder is characterized by periods of deep, prolonged, and profound depression that alternate with periods of an excessively elevated or irritable mood known as mania. (medscape.com)
Although bipolar disorder is diagnosed based on the patient's history and clinical course, laboratory studies may be necessary to rule out other potential causes of the patient's signs and symptoms as well as to have baseline results before administering certain medications. (medscape.com)
The treatment of bipolar disorder is directly related to the phase of the episode (ie, depression or mania) and the severity of that phase, and it may involve a combination of psychotherapy and medication. (medscape.com)
In the current study, we attempt to test whether potential differences in plasma protein expressions in SZ and bipolar disorder (BD) are associated with cognitive deficits and their underlying brain structures. (metu.edu.tr)
Major mood disorders, which primarily include bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, are the leading cause of disability worldwide and pose a major challenge in identifying robust risk genes. (ox.ac.uk)
The risk allele predicted higher transcriptional levels of PCDH17 mRNA in postmortem brain samples, which is consistent with increased gene expression in patients with bipolar disorder compared with healthy subjects. (ox.ac.uk)
Bipolar disorder is a recurrent chronic disorder characterised by fluctuations in mood state and energy. (thelancet.com)
Bipolar disorder is one of the main causes of disability among young people, leading to cognitive and functional impairment and raised mortality, particularly death by suicide. (thelancet.com)
Accurate diagnosis of bipolar disorder is difficult in clinical practice because onset is most commonly a depressive episode and looks similar to unipolar depression. (thelancet.com)
Detection of hypomanic periods and longitudinal assessment are crucial to differentiate bipolar disorder from other conditions. (thelancet.com)
Current knowledge of the evolving pharmacological and psychological strategies in bipolar disorder is of utmost importance. (thelancet.com)
Bipolar disorder diagnosis: challenges and future directions. (thelancet.com)
Prevalence and correlates of bipolar spectrum disorder in the world mental health survey initiative. (thelancet.com)
Functional outcome in bipolar disorder: the role of clinical and cognitive factors. (thelancet.com)
Occupational disability in bipolar disorder: analysis of predictors of being on severe disablement benefit (PREBIS study data). (thelancet.com)
The economic impact of bipolar disorder in an employed population from an employer perspective. (thelancet.com)
Background Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) share substantial neurodevelopmental components affecting brain maturation and architecture. (uib.no)
While a person with depression or bipolar disorder typically endures the same mood for weeks, a person with BPD may experience intense bouts of anger, depression, or anxiety that may last only hours, or at most a day. (psychologyschoolsu.com)
We are Woman-Owned (Minority) Behavioral Health Practice located in Glen Burnie, MD. We care for patients with various psychiatric disorders ranging from Depression, Anxiety, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder, and Substance and Alcohol Disorders. (psychologytoday.com)
Doctor Ellen Leibenluft explains that there is no one gene for bipolar disorder. (cshl.edu)
The one thing that we know most clearly about the genetics of bipolar disorder is that itâ€™s complex. (cshl.edu)
There is no one gene for bipolar disorder. (cshl.edu)
We know that there are a number of different genes which are likely to work together in some way to cause bipolar disorder. (cshl.edu)
So hopefully in the near future we'll be learning a lot more about the genetic architecture of bipolar disorder, but we do know that it will be very complicated. (cshl.edu)
Doctor Ellen Leibenluft discusses the similarities between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, which have some genetic risk factors in common. (cshl.edu)
Doctor Ellen Leibenluft explains that although individuals with bipolar disorder can have trouble interpreting emotional expressions, this is much more subtle than in autism. (cshl.edu)
Doctor Anil Malhotra discusses the search for genes in both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, both of which are in their infancy. (cshl.edu)
Doctor Ellen Lebienluft explains how brain imaging data is being combined with genetic research to understand how bipolar disorder affects brain function. (cshl.edu)
Doctor Ellen Leibenluft explains that women and men are equally likely to develop bipolar disorder. (cshl.edu)
An overview of bipolar disorder-related content on Genes to Cognition Online. (cshl.edu)
Doctor Ellen Liebenluft explains that individuals with bipolar disorder can spend some time in a normal mood, which is called euthymia. (cshl.edu)
Doctor Ellen Leibenluft discusses brain regions associated with bipolar disorder, including the amygdala (which may be smaller) and prefrontal cortex (which may have different activity). (cshl.edu)

The authors provide a unique integration of two areas which are often treated separately: the main theories of normal emotions rarely address the issue of disordered emotions, and theories of emotional disorders (e.g. depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and phobias) rarely discuss normal emotions. (google.cz)
Findings suggest that psychiatric disorders (anxiety and depression) may have a deleterious effect on long-term cognition and should be considered as an important comorbid disorder of cognitive decline. (ox.ac.uk)
Many of these veterans have met screening or diagnostic criteria for PTSD (20%-39%), often co-occurring with depression, anxiety, substance use disorders, and chronic pain (7,8). (cdc.gov)
Elevated blood sugar and dysregulated glucose control can be associated with risk of depression and mood disorders. (purepharmacy.com)
Certain gene variants are linked to depression, anxiety, ADHD and other mental health disorders. (purepharmacy.com)
Indeed, the bacteria in our gut have been suggested as a key factor in one's response to stress and emotions, which shapes vulnerability to emotional disorders such as depression. (studiumgenerale-eindhoven.nl)
Nicotine, seconds after dragging program, there was a significant increase in the perceived the product, reaches the reward system, stimulating the levels of quality of life after treatment, measured by sensation of pleasure, improving cognition, controlling the EuroQol instrument (EQ-5D), in addition to the negative stimuli and emotions, reducing anxiety and improvement in depression scores. (bvsalud.org)
Social and behavioral problems, difficulty with learning, developmental delays , and autism spectrum disorder are common, as are anxiety and depression . (cdc.gov)

Evidence suggests that Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is less responsive to cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) compared to other anxiety disorders. (montclair.edu)
Mechanisms of attentional biases towards threat in anxiety disorders: An integrative review. (uwl.ac.uk)

Of interest here is the comorbidity of common psychiatric disorders and impaired cognition. (ox.ac.uk)
CONCLUSIONS: Outcomes suggest that psychiatric disorders are more important comorbidities of long-term cognitive change than diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and demographic factors. (ox.ac.uk)
Psychiatrists specialize in treating patients with psychiatric disorders, but they are equipped to also treat medical disorders. (psychologyschoolguide.net)
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders among national military personnel. (1library.net)
In the United States, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) serves as a general guide for the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders. (1library.net)
Catastrophic thinking is not a disorder but a predictor of psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD). (ultiblog.com)
Psychiatric disorders and occasionally motor disability can be present in some cases. (cdc.gov)

PTSD which can include intrusion symptoms, avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions and mood, and alterations in arousal and reactivity. (1library.net)

This fully updated third edition of the highly praised Cognition and Emotion provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary research on both normal emotional experience and the emotional disorders. (google.cz)
The book provides a comprehensive review of the basic literature on cognition and emotion - it describes the historical background and philosophy of emotion, reviews the main theories of normal emotions and emotional disorders, and the research on the five basic emotions of fear, anger, sadness, anger, disgust and happiness. (google.cz)
Cognition and Emotion provides both an advanced textbook for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in addition to a novel approach with a range of implications for clinical practice for work with the emotional disorders. (google.cz)
His main research interests include psychological reactions to trauma and cognition-emotion relations in the emotional disorders. (google.cz)
In a small study of patients with mild TBI, researchers saw improvements in sleep, cognition, emotion, and brain function after 6 weeks of morning bright light therapy. (medscape.com)
Blue wavelength light might be particularly effective in TBI-related sleep disturbance, as it affects melatonin production and thus may help re-entrain the circadian rhythm, resulting in improved sleep, cognition, emotion, and brain function," the investigators explain in meeting materials. (medscape.com)
Vulnerability to anxiety and depressive disorders is affected by risk and resilience factors, such as personality, use of emotion regulation strategies, and affective cognition. (manchester.ac.uk)
This study aimed to investigate the mediating roles of emotion regulation strategies and affective cognition in the relationship between personality constructs and affective disorders. (manchester.ac.uk)
Cognition and Emotion , 35 (3), pp. 540-558. (aston.ac.uk)
The influence of emotional intensity on facial emotion recognition in disordered eating. (aston.ac.uk)
Facial emotion recognition and alexithymia in adults with somatoform disorders. (aston.ac.uk)
In this course, you will discover the organization of the neural systems in the brain and spinal cord that mediate sensation, motivate bodily action, and integrate sensorimotor signals with memory, emotion and related faculties of cognition. (coursera.org)

Differentiation of transient disorders from chronic disorders and primary disorders from secondary disorders influences the direction of evaluation and treatment plans. (medscape.com)
Chronic psychiatric illness such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a major public health problem among current and former military service members, especially those who have served in combat. (cdc.gov)
Chronic excessive sleepiness during the day is a common symptom of sleep-related breathing disorders, which is assessed in sleep clinics both subjectively (questionnaire) and objectively (sleep latency tests). (sleepdt.com)
For individuals with functional GI disorders, relaxation appears to help by dampening the pain, managing the arousal naturally associated with physical distress, providing self-help skills, and managing irritability which is a very common consequence of chronic pain. (iffgd.org)
Cognitive disorders such as brain fog and chronic fatigue syndrome have been associated with sleep deprivation. (gardenlinks.org)

Clinical psychology is the branch of psychology that assesses, diagnoses, treats and helps prevent psychological, emotional, psychophysiological and behavioral disorders. (psychologyschoolguide.net)
Dr. Laura Steenbergen is an Assistant Professor at the Clinical Psychology Unit of the Leiden University, and board member of the Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition. (studiumgenerale-eindhoven.nl)

The Eating Disorders Research Group aims to find out more about the neurobiological, genetic and psychological causes and consequences of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and other eating disorders, and to use that knowledge to develop new and better treatments. (kcl.ac.uk)
Clinical psychologists usually work in a hospital, mental hospital, clinic or other health care institution, so they normally treat patients with full-blown psychological disorders. (psychologyschoolguide.net)

and processes within SPAARS Schematic models revisited Inhibition The coupling of emotions A note on complex emotions Summary of the SPAARS model Affective neuroscience Conclusions PART 2 Basic emotions and their disorders. (google.cz)

International Classification of Diseases (ICD10) in the According to a study carried out in Greece12 group of mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of with individuals who participated in a smoking cessation psychoactive substances. (bvsalud.org)

What is post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? (medlineplus.gov)
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health disorder that some people develop after they experience or see a traumatic event. (medlineplus.gov)
Who is at risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? (medlineplus.gov)
What are the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? (medlineplus.gov)
Last, a higher number of stuck-points in the category trust was related to higher post-traumatic stress disorder symptom severity. (bsl.nl)
Prevalence of post traumatic stress disorder and other psychiatric diagnoses in three groups of abused children (sexual, physical, and both). (bsl.nl)
New research findings published today by psychologists at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, suggest that even young children can develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in response to traumatic events. (kcl.ac.uk)

Background Previous studies suggest that deficits in cognition may increase the risk of suicide. (suicideinfo.ca)
Conclusions: High magnitude of impaired development/cognition and adaptivefunction in HIV-exposed and HIV-infected children warrants assessment of these domainsduring follow-up of these children, and incorporation of interventions for these deficits instandard care for this group. (who.int)
Absence of neuropsychologic deficits in patients receiving long-term treatment with alprazolam-XR for panic disorder. (ucsd.edu)

Although the study provides some tentative evidence for some individuals with OCD having neurodevelopmental aetiology (e.g. atypical neurocognitive performances), group and multiple single case series analysis failed to identify relationships between autistic cognition and autistic traits at group and individual levels respectively. (bl.uk)
This category does not include the mental disorders that we evaluate under intellectual disorder ( 12.05 ), autism spectrum disorder ( 12.10 ), and neurodevelopmental disorders ( 12.11 ). (ssa.gov)
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by impairments in social communication and interaction. (whiterose.ac.uk)

We evaluate cognitive impairments that result from neurological disorders under 12.02 if they do not satisfy the requirements in 11.00 (see 11.00G ). (ssa.gov)
The overall goal of this course is to provide the foundation for understanding the impairments of sensation, action and cognition that accompany injury, disease or dysfunction in the central nervous system. (coursera.org)

We have found a very high prevalence of OSA in the World Trade Center responder population, and the present work will evaluate the impact of OSA on early markers of Alzheimer 's Disease using plasma biomarkers, PET/MR and cognition using a visual-spatial memory test. (cdc.gov)
This study determined to what extent prior-recurrent contact impacts molecular-hemodynamic biomarkers underpinning cognition in current professional rugby union players with a history of concussion. (nih.gov)
Moreover, there are currently no valid biomarkers for the disorder. (thelancet.com)

Making lifestyle changes and getting regular medical and prenatal care can help prevent stroke and significantly reduce the risk for other disorders such as dementia, heart disease, and diabetes. (nih.gov)
The study will enroll and randomly assign 80 individuals 60 years and older with MCI to take lithium, titrated to a maximally tolerated blood level (0.5 to 0.8 meq/L), or placebo for two years to assess lithium's effects on preserving cognition and delaying conversion to dementia. (clinicaltrials.gov)
In dementia, it's cognition and the 10 or 20 elements that combine to enable consciousness. (bellamyfields.com)
In Parkinson's Syndrome, it's motor/movement/dopamine deficiency and in Lewy Body Dementia, it's also cognition loss. (bellamyfields.com)

Both groups had better cognition and wakefulness. (visitstimes.com)
Actions and resources to decrease burden and physical frailty may provide better cognition and well-being, leading to an improved quality of life and quality of the care provided by the caregivers. (scielo.br)

Tim Dalgleish is a Senior Research Scientist and practising clinical psychologist at the Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit in Cambridge. (google.cz)
The chapter identifies the important aspects of clinical assessments that inform a comprehensive cognitive intervention approach and provide a detailed description of interventions that target cognitions and/or cognitive processes. (edu.au)
Here, we present data from independent large-scale clinical data sets (including 29 557 cases and 32 056 controls) revealing brain expressed protocadherin 17 (PCDH17) as a susceptibility gene for major mood disorders. (ox.ac.uk)
Further, overexpression of PCDH17 in primary cortical neurons revealed significantly decreased spine density and abnormal dendritic morphology compared with control groups, which again is consistent with the clinical observations of reduced numbers of dendritic spines in the brains of patients with major mood disorders. (ox.ac.uk)
My clinical work focuses on neurodegenerative diseases affecting cognition and movement. (va.gov)
We discuss the implications of these findings in relation to current cognitive models of attention and clinical disorders. (uwl.ac.uk)
The inﬂuence of variations in eating disorder-related symptoms on processing of emotional faces in a non-clinical female sample:an eye-tracking study. (aston.ac.uk)
Clinical neuroscientist Laura Steenbergen studies how microbiota-gut-brain interactions affect cognition and well-being. (studiumgenerale-eindhoven.nl)
A six-factor model of cognition in schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders: relationships with clinical symptoms and functional capacity. (ucsd.edu)

Can cognition help predict suicide risk in patients with major depressive disorder? (suicideinfo.ca)
Our study aims to develop a machine learning (ML) algorithm-based suicide risk prediction model using cognition in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). (suicideinfo.ca)
Specific patient characteristics following acute-phase cognitive therapy for major depressive disorder (MDD) predict effectiveness of continuation-phase cognitive therapy. (psychiatrictimes.com)
Predictors of longitudinal outcomes after unstable response to acute-phase cognitive therapy for major depressive disorder. (psychiatrictimes.com)

Cognition and mood symptoms , which are negative changes in beliefs and feelings. (medlineplus.gov)
People with 36 to 39 CAG repeats may or may not develop the signs and symptoms of Huntington disease, while people with 40 or more repeats almost always develop the disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
Adult participants reported their existing meta/cognitions and lifetime exposure to trauma, then 12 weeks later, they reported meta/cognitions and PTSD symptoms in relation to new trauma exposure since the initial assessment. (researchgate.net)
But how do you know when your personality traits are symptoms of a personality disorder? (psychcentral.com)
While there are 10 different personality disorders, many of them share similar symptoms. (psychcentral.com)

Theoretical models of cognition in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) propose that hierarchical processing is atypical and that perception is characterised by a local information processing bias. (gold.ac.uk)
The aim of this study was to investigate perception and cognition in adolescents with ASD and typical development (TD) in the context of cognitive heterogeneity. (gold.ac.uk)

People with this disorder also experience changes in personality and a decline in thinking and reasoning abilities. (medlineplus.gov)
The protocadherin 17 gene affects cognition, personality, amygdala structure and function, synapse development and risk of major mood disorders. (ox.ac.uk)
A personality disorder is a mental health condition that can make it difficult for folks to maintain healthy relationships or interact with others. (psychcentral.com)
Someone with a personality disorder might seem "set in their ways" and have trouble adapting to situations and life changes. (psychcentral.com)
So how can you tell if you or someone you know has a personality disorder? (psychcentral.com)
Personality disorders can cause you to have very high or very low self-esteem . (psychcentral.com)
This unstable self-image often arises in borderline personality disorder (BPD). (psychcentral.com)
People with certain personality disorders may have an overblown sense of self, known as grandiosity , and believe they're better or smarter than others. (psychcentral.com)
This is a common feature of narcissistic personality disorder . (psychcentral.com)
This may be the case with antisocial personality disorder . (psychcentral.com)
A personality disorder can make it tough to maintain relationships because strong personality traits may put off others. (psychcentral.com)
For people with personality disorders, this is common. (psychcentral.com)
If you have a personality disorder, you may also have trouble empathizing with other people. (psychcentral.com)
People with personality disorders may also refuse or find it hard to establish and recognize boundaries with others. (psychcentral.com)
Depending on your personality disorder, you may not mean to overstep boundaries. (psychcentral.com)
Parents with personality disorders may have abusive or irresponsible parenting styles . (psychcentral.com)
Some people with personality disorders may be too involved in their children's lives, overly emotional, and too enmeshed in family relationships. (psychcentral.com)
In many cases, the children of people with personality disorders will be impacted by their parents' behaviors. (psychcentral.com)
If you have a personality disorder, you may have trouble keeping your emotions in check. (psychcentral.com)
And someone with histrionic personality disorder may experience rapidly changing, shallow emotions. (psychcentral.com)
If you have a personality disorder, you may find it hard to cope with stressful situations and events. (psychcentral.com)
Often, people with personality disorders can't recognize or acknowledge they have a mental health condition. (psychcentral.com)
In personality pathology, dimensional models of personality disorders (also known as the dimensional approach to personality disorders, dimensional classification, and dimensional assessments) conceptualize personality disorders as quantitatively rather than. (psychologyschoolsu.com)

The Marine Resiliency Study (MRS) is a prospective study of factors predictive of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among approximately 2,600 Marines in 4 battalions deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan. (cdc.gov)
Can metacognition increase trauma sufferers' risk for developing and maintaining posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? (researchgate.net)
stress disorder (PTSD). (researchgate.net)
By using an age-appropriate technique for diagnosing PTSD in young children that relies on parents' reporting of how their offspring are coping, the researchers were able to investigate the prevalence and course of this disorder in 114 2-10 year old children. (kcl.ac.uk)
Summary: It is estimated that the lifetime prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among adult Americans is 6.8 percent. (1library.net)
First, PTSD is no longer considered an anxiety disorder. (1library.net)

Additional chapters turn to the control of complex actions and the social, cultural, and developmental context of cognition. (oup.com)
This article addresses the body of research concerning subtypes of autism spectrum disorder including pervasive developmental disorders . (medscape.com)
[ 3 ] is a class of developmental disorders that presents in early childhood and is characterized by marked abnormalities in language, communication, and social interactions and by a restricted and peculiar range of interests and activities. (medscape.com)

Given that synaptic spines are dynamic structures which regulate neuronal plasticity and have crucial roles in myriad brain functions, this study reveals a potential underlying biological mechanism of a novel risk gene for major mood disorders involved in synaptic function and related intermediate phenotypes. (ox.ac.uk)

The research was a joint collaboration between the Institute of Psychiatry at King's with King's College Hospital and the MRC Cognition and Brain Science Unit Cambridge and the results are published in the October edition of the American Journal of Psychiatry. (kcl.ac.uk)
The paper entitled 'The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Diagnosis in Preschool- and Elementary School-Age Children Exposed to Motor Vehicle Accidents' is published in the American Journal of Psychiatry Vol 165, No. 10, October 2008. (kcl.ac.uk)

disorder that causes uncontrolled movements, emotional problems, and loss of thinking ability (cognition). (medlineplus.gov)

The association of childhood trauma and cognition in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. (uib.no)

The diagnosis of circadian rhythm disorders is primarily based on a thorough history. (medscape.com)
A better understanding of the cognitive effects of these disorders, and development of more effective assessment tools for diagnosis, will aid early intervention and improve quality of life of the patient. (sleepdt.com)
Our results suggest that the detection of molecular patterns in association with cognitive performance and its underlying brain morphology is of great importance for understanding of the pathological mechanisms of SZ and BD, as well as for supporting the diagnosis and treatment of both disorders. (metu.edu.tr)
Introduction: The Stroke and Cognition consortium (STROKOG) aims to facilitate a better understanding of the determinants of vascular contributions to cognitive disorders and help improve the diagnosis and treatment of vascular cognitive disorders (VCD). (edu.au)
Currently, PET scanning and other nuclear medical procedures are not indicated in the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of individuals who may have autism spectrum disorder. (medscape.com)

Empirical antimicrobial drug treatment was stopped, and the patient's Glasgow Coma Score improved to 14, with residual mild cognitive impairment, ongoing balance disorder, and improving myalgia. (cdc.gov)
At follow-up 12 weeks after presentation, the patient's cognition had improved, but she still required use of a cane for persistent balance disturbance. (cdc.gov)

This thesis focuses on exploring similarities between obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). (bl.uk)
A major concern in the interpretation of reports about PET scans in autism spectrum disorders is the accuracy and the precision of the diagnoses. (medscape.com)

We provide to our customers our in depth know-how in the evaluation of treatment for neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disorders. (neurofit.com)
Alzheimer's disease is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the progressive degeneration of neuronal populations and the simultaneous loss of memory and cognitive functions. (neurofit.com)

and trauma- and stressor-related disorders ( 12.15 ). (ssa.gov)
It is now listed under "Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders. (1library.net)

A dual representation theory of posttraumatic stress disorder. (bsl.nl)

These nocturnal events result in excessive daytime sleepiness, and changes in mood and cognition. (sleepdt.com)

This study investigated maladaptive post-traumatic cognitions, so-called "stuck-points", from forty-three adolescent survivors of interpersonal traumatization. (bsl.nl)
Objectives: To compare development/cognition, adaptive function and maladaptive behaviorof HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected children between 2 to 9 years with HIV-uninfected controls. (who.int)

A. How are the listings for mental disorders arranged, and what do they require? (ssa.gov)
your mental disorder must satisfy the requirements of either paragraph A or paragraph B. (ssa.gov)
Paragraph B of each listing (except 12.05 ) provides the functional criteria we assess, in conjunction with a rating scale (see 12.00E and 12.00F ), to evaluate how your mental disorder limits your functioning. (ssa.gov)
To satisfy the paragraph B criteria, your mental disorder must result in "extreme" limitation of one, or "marked" limitation of two, of the four areas of mental functioning. (ssa.gov)
Paragraph C of listings 12.02 , 12.03 , 12.04 , 12.06 , and 12.15 provides the criteria we use to evaluate "serious and persistent mental disorders. (ssa.gov)
B. Which mental disorders do we evaluate under each listing category? (ssa.gov)
There is increasing evidence for deficiency of both macro and micronutrients being linked to mental health disorders. (purepharmacy.com)
The burden of mental disorders continues to grow with a significant impact on nation states, de- velopmental and security trajectories and their ability to deliver on their commitments to promote and protect the rights of their citizens. (who.int)
The EMRO has the highest rates of mental disorders among the WHO regions. (who.int)
The situation is further compounded by the stigma, discrimination, and human rights abuses to which people with mental disorders are exposed (United Nations, 2020)[2]. (who.int)
Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment. (bvsalud.org)
Dwelling on a negative outcome (catastrophic thinking) contributes to many mental health disorders and is a major focus of prevention strategies and psychotherapy. (ultiblog.com)

The book draws these separate strands together, introducing a theoretical framework that can be applied to both normal and disordered emotions. (google.cz)

Background: Depressive disorders in elderly people can affect their cognitive and physical abilities and nutritional status. (who.int)

No neurological disease or neurological development disorder (e.g. (edu.au)
We evaluate neurological disorders under that body system (see 11.00 ). (ssa.gov)

The focus of this chapter is on cognitive interventions for adolescents with social anxiety disorder (SAD). (edu.au)
McLellan, LF , Hudson, JL & Alfano, CA 2015, Cognition-Focused Interventions for Social Anxiety Disorder Among Adolescents . (edu.au)
Although the influence of social support in health is a widely acknowledged factor, there is a significant gap in the understanding of its role on cognition. (frontiersin.org)
The purpose of this systematic review was, therefore, to determine the state-of-the-art on the literature testing the association between social support and cognition. (frontiersin.org)
Despite limitations, there is overall preliminary evidence of a relevant positive association between social support and cognition. (frontiersin.org)
Do Social Threat Cognitions Decrease With School-Based CBT and Predict Treatment Outcome in Adolescents With Social Anxiety Disorder? (montclair.edu)
Social threat cognitions, characterized by exaggerated perceptions of negative evaluation by others, may be one important avenue to examine. (montclair.edu)
The current study investigated whether youths' social threat cognitions decreased with Skills for Academic and Social Success (SASS), a group, school-based CBT designed for SAD, and whether decreases predicted SAD severity and treatment response. (montclair.edu)
SASS participants showed significantly decreased social threat cognitions at 5-month follow-up. (montclair.edu)
Treatment responders had significantly greater reductions in social threat cognitions compared to nonresponders at post-intervention and follow-up. (montclair.edu)
These findings suggest that social threat cognitions may be important to assess and monitor when treating youth with SAD. (montclair.edu)
A variety of interventions were employed, including CBT, scaffolded hierarchical learning, and social cognition training. (whiterose.ac.uk)

evidence is accumulating that HIV/HCV co-infection may have a particularly deleterious impact on cognition. (healthpartners.com)

Psychiatric comorbid disorders of cognition: a machine learning approach using 1175 UK Biobank participants. (ox.ac.uk)

Common sleep disorders like obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may represent risk factors for cognitive decline. (cdc.gov)

and Tim Dalgleish (MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge). (kcl.ac.uk)

For 2016, the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children 8 years of age was 18.5 per 1,000 (one in 54) in the United States. (medscape.com)

Neurocognitive disorders ( 12.02 ). (ssa.gov)

The Centre brought together 21 Chief investigators, along with 13 Partner Investigators, 218 Associate Investigators to further understand cognitive processes and their associated disorders. (edu.au)

Anatomy14

Organisms3

Diseases41

Chemicals and Drugs14

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment34

Psychiatry and Psychology137

Phenomena and Processes17

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena9

Humanities1

Information Science6

Named Groups1

Health Care28

Geographicals1

Cognitive recovery after severe head injury. 3. WAIS verbal and performance IQs as a function of post-traumatic amnesia duration and time from injury. (1/8507)

Efficacy and safety of rivastigmine in patients with Alzheimer's disease: international randomised controlled trial. (2/8507)

The Montefiore community children's project: a controlled study of cognitive and emotional problems of homeless mothers and children. (3/8507)

Attention and executive deficits in Alzheimer's disease. A critical review. (4/8507)

Does vestibular stimulation activate thalamocortical mechanisms that reintegrate impaired cortical regions? (5/8507)

Longer term quality of life and outcome in stroke patients: is the Barthel index alone an adequate measure of outcome? (6/8507)

Confusional state in stroke: relation to preexisting dementia, patient characteristics, and outcome. (7/8507)

Cognitive function and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. (8/8507)

Cognition Disorders

Cognition

Bipolar Disorder

Mental Disorders

Mood Disorders

Anxiety Disorders

Neuropsychological Tests

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Depressive Disorder, Major

Depressive Disorder

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity

Autistic Disorder

Brain

Psychotic Disorders

Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

Schizophrenia

Memory

Psychiatric Status Rating Scales

Child Development Disorders, Pervasive

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Substance-Related Disorders

Executive Function

Social Behavior

Phobic Disorders

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Theory of Mind

Schizophrenic Psychology

Social Perception

Memory Disorders

Attention

Conduct Disorder

Affect

Aging

Tic Disorders

Borderline Personality Disorder

Emotions

Dementia

Alzheimer Disease

Sleep Disorders

Comorbidity

Memory, Short-Term

Maze Learning

Longitudinal Studies

Nootropic Agents

Intelligence

Analysis of Variance

Psychomotor Performance

Prefrontal Cortex

Intelligence Tests

Somatoform Disorders

Psychometrics

Learning Disorders

Movement Disorders

Severity of Illness Index

Brain Mapping

Questionnaires

Cognitive Reserve

Alcohol-Related Disorders

Anxiety

Lymphoproliferative Disorders

Risk Factors

Models, Psychological

Mild Cognitive Impairment

Learning

Depression

Cognitive Therapy

Mental Status Schedule

Reaction Time

Emotional Intelligence

Age Factors

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Problem Solving

Tool Use Behavior

Case-Control Studies

Behavior

Speech Disorders

Combat Disorders

Prevalence

Social Behavior Disorders

Behavior, Animal