Cobalt Radioisotopes
Cobalt
Radioisotopes
Zinc Radioisotopes
Radioisotope Dilution Technique
Strontium Radioisotopes
Iodine Radioisotopes
Krypton Radioisotopes
Cobalt Isotopes
Indium Radioisotopes
Sodium Radioisotopes
Radioactivity
Barium Radioisotopes
Radionuclide Imaging
The production of an image obtained by cameras that detect the radioactive emissions of an injected radionuclide as it has distributed differentially throughout tissues in the body. The image obtained from a moving detector is called a scan, while the image obtained from a stationary camera device is called a scintiphotograph.
Yttrium Radioisotopes
Tin Radioisotopes
Carbon Radioisotopes
Iron Radioisotopes
Copper Radioisotopes
Phosphorus Radioisotopes
Technetium
The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of URANIUM. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, atomic number 43, and atomic weight 98.91. All technetium isotopes are radioactive. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) which is the decay product of Molybdenum 99, has a half-life of about 6 hours and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium 99 which is a decay product of technetium 99m, has a half-life of 210,000 years.
Mercury Radioisotopes
Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid
Cesium Isotopes
Cerium Radioisotopes
Hafnium
Gold Radioisotopes
Isotope Labeling
Lead Radioisotopes
Diagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope
Zinc Isotopes
Sulfur Radioisotopes
Cadmium Radioisotopes
Astatine
Radioimmunotherapy
Radiotherapy where cytotoxic radionuclides are linked to antibodies in order to deliver toxins directly to tumor targets. Therapy with targeted radiation rather than antibody-targeted toxins (IMMUNOTOXINS) has the advantage that adjacent tumor cells, which lack the appropriate antigenic determinants, can be destroyed by radiation cross-fire. Radioimmunotherapy is sometimes called targeted radiotherapy, but this latter term can also refer to radionuclides linked to non-immune molecules (see RADIOTHERAPY).
Tungsten
Tungsten. A metallic element with the atomic symbol W, atomic number 74, and atomic weight 183.85. It is used in many manufacturing applications, including increasing the hardness, toughness, and tensile strength of steel; manufacture of filaments for incandescent light bulbs; and in contact points for automotive and electrical apparatus.
Lutetium
Nickel
Samarium
Radiopharmaceuticals
Radioisotope Teletherapy
Bromine Radioisotopes
Scintillation Counting
Subdural Effusion
Calcium Isotopes
Radioactive Waste
Liquid, solid, or gaseous waste resulting from mining of radioactive ore, production of reactor fuel materials, reactor operation, processing of irradiated reactor fuels, and related operations, and from use of radioactive materials in research, industry, and medicine. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Vitamin B 12
A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12.
Chromium
Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated
Chromium Alloys
Spectrometry, Gamma
Ruthenium Radioisotopes
Radiometric Dating
Selenium Radioisotopes
Alpha Particles
Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring
Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m
Organometallic Compounds
Tissue Distribution
Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.
Isotopes
Pentetic Acid
RSR13, an allosteric effector of haemoglobin, and carbogen radiosensitize FSAII and SCCVII tumours in C3H mice. (1/346)
Pre-clinical evaluation has demonstrated that 2-[4-(((3,5-dimethylanilino)carbonyl)methyl)phenoxy]-2-methylpropi onic acid (RSR13) acts as an allosteric effector of haemoglobin (Hb). RSR13 binding to Hb results in decreased haemoglobin-oxygen (Hb-O2) affinity, improved tumour oxygenation, and enhanced radiation-induced cell killing in several experimental tumour systems. In the present work, ex vivo clonogenic survival analyses are applied in two murine tumour systems to characterize the relationship between the magnitude of decrease in Hb-O2 affinity and radiosensitization, the influence of inspired pO2 upon this effect, and the efficacy of combining RSR13 and radiation during a course of repeated radiation exposures. For FSaII tumours in C3H mice breathing air, 100 mg kg(-1) RSR13 administered intraperitoneally produced an enhancement ratio (ER) of 1.3, but there was marked desensitization at a RSR13 dose of 300 mg kg(-1) (ER 0.6). The most likely reason for the increased radioresistance was insufficient oxygen loading of Hb in the pulmonary circulation due to reduced haemoglobin-oxygen affinity because carbogen breathing combined with 300 mg kg(-1) RSR13 reversed the effect and produced an ER of 1.8. In SCCVII tumours in C3H mice irradiated with eight fractions of 2.5 Gy over 4 days, the surviving fraction was reduced to 58-67% of control values when RSR13 was combined with radiation on days 1 and 2, days 3 and 4, or days 1-4. These results confirm that combining RSR13 and irradiation within a fractionated course of clinically relevant low-dose exposures provides significant radiosensitization. Additional preclinical experimentation is needed to define better the optimum dose-scheduling conditions for clinical applications. (+info)Genetic analysis of radiation-sensitive mutations in the slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum. (2/346)
The linkage of two mutations leading to increased sensitivity to ultraviolet light and 60Co gamma rays was determined in the slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum using a genetic analysis based on the parasexual cycle. Diploids were selected from a mixture of radiation-sensitive, temperature-resistant and radiation-resistant, temperature-sensitive haploids on the basis of simultaneous radiation and temperature resistance. Analysis of drug-resistant haploid segregants of the heterozygous diploids indicated that one of the radiation-sensitive mutations, radA20, was linked to linkage group I whereas the other, radB13, was linked to the recently defined linkage group VI. (+info)Change in centromeric and acentromeric micronucleus frequencies in human populations after chronic radiation exposure. (3/346)
Acute radiation exposure of humans was observed to induce various forms of cytogenetic damage, including increased frequencies of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations. However, the cytogenetic effects of chronic low dose radiation exposure in vivo needs further characterization. Sixteen subjects with chronic low dose rates of gamma-radiation exposure from 60Co-contaminated steel in radioactive buildings were compared with seven non-exposed reference subjects for micronucleus frequencies after they relocated. By in situ hybridization using a digoxigenin-labeled anti-alpha all human centromere probe, the exposed subjects were shown to have a significant increase in cytochalasin B-modulated micronucleus (CBMN) frequencies, as well as a significant increase in centromere-positive (C+) CBMN, centromere-negative (C-) CBMN, total C+signals, single C+ MN signals and multiple C+ signals/1000 binucleated cells (BN). However, decreases in the ratios C+MN/C- MN and C+MN/total CBMN (%) were also noted in the exposed subjects. By mixed effects analysis, considering individuals from the same families, the C- MN and single C+ MN/1000 BN were both positively and moderately associated with previous cumulative exposure. When the time period of relocation post-exposure (relocation time or RT) was considered, total C+MN and multiple C+MN/1000 BN were negatively and significantly associated with RT. Moreover, the C+MN, C- MN, C+MN/C- MN ratio and single C+MN/1000 BN were all negatively and moderately associated with RT, but not with exposure dose. This suggested that acentromeric and single or multiple centromeric CBMN cytogenetic damage seems to disappear differentially in human subjects post chronic low dose radiation exposure. (+info)Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and drugs elevating extracellular adenosine act additively to enhance the hemopoietic spleen colony formation in irradiated mice. (4/346)
The effects of combined administration of two drugs elevating extracellular adenosine, namely dipyridamole (DP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on hemopoietic stem cells in vivo were investigated. The experiments were performed on mice using the endogenous spleen colony formation in gamma-irradiated animals as an endpoint. The results have shown that DP and AMP act additively with G-CSF to enhance spleen colony formation and thus the erythroid repopulation of the spleen. These findings indicate that the signaling pathways of G-CSF and drugs elevating extracellular adenosine can interact at the level of primitive hemopoietic stem cells. The enhancement of hemopoiesis-stimulating effects of G-CSF by DP and AMP, which are low-priced and clinically available drugs, could improve the cost-effectiveness of the therapy with G-CSF. (+info)Classification and behavior of canine mammary epithelial neoplasms based on life-span observations in beagles. (5/346)
As part of a study of the effects of low-level radiation, 1,343 Beagles, including 671 males and 672 females, were evaluated over their full lifetime for the occurrence of mammary neoplasia; there were 139 control males and 138 control females and 532 irradiated males and 534 irradiated females. All nodules found in surgical specimens or at necropsy were evaluated histologically. The overall incidence, metastasis and recurrence rates, and contribution to mortality of mammary neoplasms were determined. Based on this unique opportunity to correlate morphologic characteristics with ultimate biological behavior of all mammary tumors in a defined canine population, we propose a histogenetically based reclassification of epithelial mammary tumors. Of the 672 female dogs, 70.8% (476) had at least one mammary neoplasm; 60.7% (408) had more than one. Two male dogs had mammary neoplasms. Of 1,639 mammary carcinomas in the 672 females, 18.7% (307) were classified as ductular carcinomas (arising from the small interlobular or intralobular ductules), whereas 80.7% (1,322) were classified as adenocarcinomas of other histogenetic origin. Of 73 fatal carcinomas, ductular carcinomas accounted for 48 fatalities (65.8%), whereas other adenocarcinomas accounted for only 20 fatalities (27.4%). Radiation had no effect on this ratio. Ductular carcinomas also had a higher rate of metastasis than did adenocarcinomas. Existing classifications of mammary carcinomas do not recognize the characteristic morphologic features, the degree of malignancy, and the prognostic importance of these ductular carcinomas. Metastasis rates did not differ between simple and complex carcinomas or between those lesions and adenocarcinomas in mixed tumors. True carcinosarcomas metastasized more frequently (100%, or 5/5) than did adenocarcinomas in mixed tumors (34.4%, or 22/64), emphasizing the importance of not lumping these tumors under the classification of malignant mixed tumors. (+info)Radioprotective effects of sodium tungstate on hematopoietic injury by exposure to 60Co gamma-rays in Wistar rats. (6/346)
Radioprotective effects of sodium tungstate (ST) on 60Co gamma-ray induced decrease in hematocrit value and in survival rate in Wistar strain male rats were examined. A long-term administration of ST (less than 150 mg/kg body weight/day) for 60-300 days had no significant effects on body and organs weights and survival days. The LD50/60 in 20 weeks old rats was 220 mg/kg body weight/day. Daily administration of 38, 75 or 150 mg from 7 days before and after irradiation to 60 days significantly mitigated the decrease in hematocrit values, especially at 23 days after irradiation (P < 0.05). The highest mitigation rate of the decrease in hematocrit value was observed in rats administered at a dose of 38 mg ST/day. Simultaneously, a dose of 38 mg ST/day inhibited lethal effect of 60Co gamma-rays significantly. The dose-reduction factor for survival of 38 mg ST administered rats was 1.14. (+info)Base substitution spectra of nalidixylate resistant mutations induced by monochromatic soft X and 60Co gamma-rays in Bacillus subtilis spores. (7/346)
Bacillus subtilis spores were exposed to three types of photons, monochromatic soft X-rays with the energy corresponding to the absorption peak of phosphorus K-shell electron (2,153 eV) and with the slightly lower energy (2,147 eV), and 60Co gamma-rays. From the irradiated spores, 233 mutants exhibiting nalidixic acid resistance were isolated, and together with 94 spontaneous mutants, the sequence changes in the 5'-terminal region of the gyrA gene coding for DNA gyrase subunit A were determined. Among eighteen alleles of the gyrA mutations, eight were single-base substitutions, nine were tandem double-base substitutions, and one was a double substitution skipping a middle base pair. About 6% of the radiation-induced mutations were tandem double-base substitutions, whereas none was observed among the spontaneous ones. Among spontaneous mutations, A:T and G:C pairs were equally subjected to mutations, whereas the substitutions from G:C pairs and those to A:T pairs predominated among those induced with soft X-rays. The peak-energy X-rays were more effective in killing and causing mutations than the low-energy X-rays, however, there seemed no base-change events uniquely attributable to phosphorus K-shell absorption. (+info)Syrian hamster dermal cell immortalization is not enhanced by power line frequency electromagnetic field exposure. (8/346)
Several epidemiological studies have suggested associations between exposure to residential power line frequency electromagnetic fields and childhood leukaemia, and between occupational exposure and adult leukaemia. A variety of in vitro studies have provided limited supporting evidence for the role of such exposures in cancer induction in the form of acknowledged cellular end points, such as enhanced mutation rate and cell proliferation, though the former is seen only with extremely high flux density exposure or with co-exposure to ionizing radiation. However, in vitro experiments on a scale large enough to detect rare cancer-initiating events, such as primary cell immortalization following residential level exposures, have not thus far been reported. In this study, large cultures of primary Syrian hamster dermal cells were continuously exposed to power line frequency electromagnetic fields of 10 100 and 1000 microT for 60 h, with and without prior exposure to a threshold (1.5 Gy), or sub-threshold (0.5 Gy), immortalizing dose of ionizing radiation. Electromagnetic field exposure alone did not immortalize these cells at a detectable frequency (> or = 1 x 10(-7)); furthermore, such exposure did not enhance the frequency of ionizing radiation-induced immortalization. (+info)
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cobalt-60 has a half-life of 5.26 years, how much of a 500 gram sample
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Isotopes of cobalt
Naturally occurring cobalt (27Co) consists of a single stable isotope, 59Co. Twenty-eight radioisotopes have been characterized ... Diaz, L. E. "Cobalt-57: Production". JPNM Physics Isotopes. University of Harvard. Retrieved 2013-11-15. Diaz, L. E. "Cobalt-57 ... and for its high radioactivity simply by exposing natural cobalt to neutrons in a reactor. The uses for industrial cobalt ... Cobalt-57 (57Co or Co-57) is used in medical tests; it is used as a radiolabel for vitamin B12 uptake. It is useful for the ...
Norilsk
... of its cobalt. In Russia, 96% of nickel, 95% of cobalt, and 55% of copper is produced by Norilsk Nickel. In 2007 the total ... The list cites air pollution by particulates, including radioisotopes strontium-90, and caesium-137; the metals nickel, copper ... Norilsk is the center of a region where nickel, copper, cobalt, platinum, palladium, and coal are mined. The presence of ... Norilsk is a major center of non-ferrous metallurgy; the following non-ferrous metals are mined here: copper, nickel, cobalt; ...
Natural resource economics
Radium has been replaced by much cheaper cobalt-60 and other radioisotopes in radiation treatment. Noncorroding lead as a cable ... Cobalt had been in an iffy supply status ever since the Belgian Congo (world's only significant source of cobalt) was given a ... While the cobalt supply was disrupted and the price shot up, nickel and other substitutes were pressed into service. Following ... An important way of getting around a cobalt situation or a "Resource War" situation is to use substitutes for a material in its ...
Nuclear industry in Canada
In addition to cobalt-60, MDS Nordion also produces radioisotopes that are essential in diagnostic therapy. Some can be mixed ... About 85% of the world's medical and industrial cobalt-60 is produced in Canada. The medical-use cobalt-60 is produced in the ... in these units some adjuster rods are made of cobalt-59 for this purpose). Furthermore, over half the cobalt-60 therapy ... Canada pioneered the cobalt-60 cancer therapy technology that became standard medical practice throughout the world (the first ...
Cobalt
... occurs naturally as only one stable isotope, cobalt-59. Cobalt-60 is a commercially important radioisotope, used as a ... Cobalt pigments such as cobalt blue (cobalt aluminate), cerulean blue (cobalt(II) stannate), various hues of cobalt green (a ... Four dihalides of cobalt(II) are known: cobalt(II) fluoride (CoF2, pink), cobalt(II) chloride (CoCl2, blue), cobalt(II) bromide ... Cobalt-57 (Co-57 or 57Co) is a cobalt radioisotope most often used in medical tests, as a radiolabel for vitamin B12 uptake, ...
McMaster Nuclear Reactor
The facilities also include a Hot Cell and high-activity cobalt source and high level radioisotope laboratories. Researchers ... The MNR also produces half of the world's supply of iodine-125, a radioisotope that is used to treat various types of cancer. ... Commercial activities include radioisotope production and neutron radiography. ... reactor physics experiments and radioisotopes for tracers and counting experiments. Graduate studies use neutron beams for ...
Isotopes of arsenic
The longest-lived radioisotope is 73As with a half-life of 80 days. Arsenic has been proposed as a "salting" material for ... nuclear weapons (cobalt is another, better-known salting material). A jacket of 75As, irradiated by the intense highenergy ...
Embalse Nuclear Power Station
Embalse produces the cobalt-60 radioisotope, which is employed in medicine (cancer therapy) and industrial applications. ... "Radioisotopes in Medicine , Nuclear Medicine - World Nuclear Association". www.world-nuclear.org. Brooks, Gord L. (2 December ...
Mushroom cloud
Longer-life radioisotopes, typically caesium-137 and strontium-90, present a long-term hazard. Intense beta radiation from the ... For ground bursts, the elements of concern are aluminium-28, silicon-31, sodium-24, manganese-56, iron-59, and cobalt-60. The ... The primary fallout hazard is gamma radiation from short-lived radioisotopes, which represent the bulk of activity. Within 24 ... The induced isotopes include cobalt-60, 57 and 58, iron-59 and 55, manganese-54, zinc-65, yttrium-88, and possibly nickel-58 ...
Curie (unit)
A radiotherapy machine may have roughly 1000 Ci of a radioisotope such as caesium-137 or cobalt-60. This quantity of ...
Schilling test
Many labs have stopped performing the Schilling test, due to lack of production of the cobalt radioisotopes and labeled-B12 ... using different cobalt radioisotopes 57Co and 58Co, which have different radiation signatures, in order to differentiate the ...
Angela N. H. Creager
The X-10 reactor at Oak Ridge was used to produce radioisotopes such as cobalt-60, phosphorus-32, sulfur-35, and carbon-14. As ... A History of Radioisotopes in Science and Medicine (University of Chicago Press, 2013) on the use of radioisotopes in science ... Natural radioisotopes were used as tracers to track atoms and illuminate biological processes in living creatures and ... Bud, Robert (August 2015). "Angela N. H. Creager, Life Atomic: A History of Radioisotopes in Science and Medicine". Social ...
Cobalt therapy
... is the medical use of gamma rays from the radioisotope cobalt-60 to treat conditions such as cancer. Beginning ... Because these "cobalt machines" were expensive and required specialist support, they were often housed in cobalt units. Cobalt ... of Canada asking it to produce cobalt-60 isotopes for use in a cobalt therapy unit prototype. Two cobalt-60 apparatuses were ... Cobalt-60, produced by neutron irradiation of ordinary cobalt metal in a reactor, is a high activity gamma-ray emitter, ...
Advanced Test Reactor
Cobalt-60 Production: The least complex of current uses of the Advanced Test Reactor is the production of the 60Co radioisotope ... Disks of cobalt-59 1 mm -diameter by 1 mm thick are inserted into the reactor (Static Capsule Experiment), which bombards the ... cobalt-60 (60Co) for medical applications. HSA 60Co is used primarily in gamma knife treatment of brain cancer. Other medical ... sample with neutrons, producing cobalt-60. Approximately 200 kilocuries (7,400 TBq) are produced per year, entirely for medical ...
Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada
The use of radio isotopes for diagnostics was also introduced. Chemotherapy also became a treatment option. In 1960 the use of ... Cancer patients were provided with a new option, radiation therapy, through what was popularly known as the "Cobalt Bomb", ...
Sterilization (microbiology)
It is emitted by a radioisotope, usually cobalt-60 (60Co) or caesium-137 (137Cs), which have photon energies of up to 1.3 and ... non-water-soluble cobalt-60. Cobalt-60 gamma photons have about twice the energy, and hence greater penetrating range, of ... Use of a radioisotope requires shielding for the safety of the operators while in use and in storage. With most designs, the ... Subatomic particles may be more or less penetrating and may be generated by a radioisotope or a device, depending upon the type ...
Commonly used gamma-emitting isotopes
... www.iem-inc.com/information/tools/radiation-energies/gamma-emitters useful radioisotope search tool "Cobalt-60". (Articles ... Some radionuclides, such as cobalt-60 and iridium-192, are made by the neutron irradiation of normal non-radioactive cobalt and ... Cobalt-60 tends to be used in teletherapy units as a higher photon energy alternative to caesium-137, while iridium-192 tends ... With a short half-life of 8 days, this radioisotope is not of practical use in radioactive sources in industrial radiography or ...
Nordion
... the division developed one of the first teletherapy units that used the radioisotope cobalt-60 to destroy cancerous tumours. ... Nordion supplies cobalt-60, the isotope that produces the gamma radiation required to destroy harmful micro-organisms. The ... Nordion Inc., a Sotera Health company, is a health science company that provides Cobalt-60 used for sterilization and treatment ... Soon after, the division was given responsibility for selling radioisotopes produced by the newly established Chalk River ...
Supernova
... which then decays to radioactive cobalt-56 (half-life 77 days). These radioisotopes excite the surrounding material to ... The visual light curve continues to decline at a rate slightly greater than the decay rate of the radioactive cobalt (which has ... This luminosity is generated by the radioactive decay of nickel-56 through cobalt-56 to iron-56. The peak luminosity of the ... Fields, B. D.; Hochmuth, K. A.; Ellis, J. (2005). "Deep‐Ocean Crusts as Telescopes: Using Live Radioisotopes to Probe Supernova ...
Ernest Marsden
In 1939 he pioneered the non-medical use of radioisotopes in New Zealand, and conducted a series of experiments to determine ... the role of cobalt in animal metabolism. With the outbreak of World War II Marsden was given the title of Director of ...
William Valentine Mayneord
His department subsequently developed one of the world's first radioisotope scanners. He was awarded Gold Medal for Radiation ... inventor of the cobalt-60 teletherapy unit, that Johns was prompted to go into medical physics. ...
Bruce Nuclear Generating Station
As well as their use for electricity, Candu power reactors produce almost all the world's supply of the cobalt-60 radioisotope ... Cobalt is mined like any other mineral. It's removed from the ground and processed into pure Cobalt-59 powder. Once processed ... Following the harvest, new rods of Cobalt-59 (becomes Cobalt-60 after up to two years in the reactor) were inserted in Unit ... where the cobalt is activated by absorbing neutrons to become Cobalt-60. The rods are in the reactor for a minimum of one year ...
Particle accelerator
... beams are an on-off technology that provide a much higher dose rate than gamma or X-rays emitted by radioisotopes like cobalt- ... The reliability, flexibility and accuracy of the radiation beam produced has largely supplanted the older use of cobalt-60 ... radioisotope production for medical diagnostics, ion implanters for the manufacture of semiconductors, and accelerator mass ...
Nuclear reprocessing
The chemistry is based upon the interaction of caesium and strontium with polyethylene glycol and a cobalt carborane anion ( ... retrieved 13 April 2020 a radioisotope with a two year half life will retain 0.5^0.5 or over 70% of its power after a year - ... known as chlorinated cobalt dicarbollide). The actinides are extracted by CMPO, and the diluent is a polar aromatic such as ... Possible fuels for radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs) that are mostly decayed in spent fuel, that has significantly ...
Anti-nuclear movement
Some isotopes, like Cobalt-60 are currently mostly produced in reactors like the Canadian CANDU.Plutonium-238, the preferred ... "Medical radioisotope supply options for Australia". Friends of the Earth. Robert F. Service (20 February 2012). "Nuclear ... Cyclotrons are being increasingly used to produce medical radioisotopes to the point where nuclear reactors are no longer ... Some anti-nuclear groups advocate reduced reliance on reactor-produced medical radioisotopes, through the use of alternative ...
Radiological warfare
The cobalt bomb is an example of a radiological warfare weapon, where cobalt-59 is converted to cobalt-60 by neutron capture. ... Radioisotopes of long half-life give off their radiations too slowly to be effective unless large quantities are used, and ... Thereafter fission drops off rapidly so that cobalt-60 fallout is 8 times more intense than fission at 1 year and 150 times ... The very long-lived isotopes produced by fission would overtake the cobalt-60 again after about 75 years. Other salted bomb ...
Atomic Energy of Canada Limited
Other than radioisotope production, the NRU provides irradiation services for nuclear materials and fuels testing, as well as ... Canada also pioneered use of cobalt-60 for medical diagnosis in 1951 and currently the NRU reactor produces the medical-use ... In addition, AECL manufactures nuclear medicine radioisotopes for supply to Nordion in Ottawa, Ontario, and is the world's ... cobalt-60, while selected CANDU reactors produce industrial-use cobalt-60, comprising 85% of the world's supply. NRU was ...
Radioisotope thermoelectric generator
... a cobalt arsenide (CoAs3), which can function with a smaller temperature difference than the current tellurium-based designs. ... A radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG, RITEG), sometimes referred to as a radioisotope power system (RPS), is a type of ... NASA Radioisotope Power Systems website - RTG page NASA JPL briefing, Expanding Frontiers with Radioisotope Power Systems - ... not really an RTG, the ASRG uses a Stirling power device that runs on radioisotope (see Stirling radioisotope generator) Alkali ...
Stellite
There the cobalt would be activated by the neutron flux in the reactor and become cobalt-60, a radioisotope with a five year ... Stellite alloys are a range of cobalt-based alloys, with significant proportions of chromium (up to 33%) and tungsten (up to 18 ... Stellite is a range of cobalt-chromium alloys designed for wear resistance. The alloys may also contain tungsten or molybdenum ... The alloys also tend to have extremely high melting points due to the cobalt and chromium content. Typical applications include ...
Food irradiation
Gamma irradiation is produced from the radioisotopes cobalt-60 and caesium-137, which are produced by neutron irradiation of ... cobalt-59 (the only stable isotope of cobalt) and as a nuclear fission product, respectively. Cobalt-60 is the most common ... In the United States this limit is deemed to be 4 mega electron volts for electron beams and x-ray sources - cobalt-60 or ... In most designs, the radioisotope, contained in stainless steel pencils, is stored in a water-filled storage pool which absorbs ...
Neodymium
33 radioisotopes of neodymium have been detected as of 2022[update], with the most stable radioisotopes being the naturally ... Neodymium is fairly common-about as common as cobalt, nickel, or copper-and is widely distributed in the Earth's crust. Most of ... These magnets are cheaper, lighter, and stronger than samarium-cobalt magnets. However, they are not superior in every aspect, ... and two radioisotopes with extremely long half-lives, 144Nd (alpha decay with a half-life (t1/2) of 2.29×1015 years) and 150Nd ...
McMaster University
... and medical radioisotope production; including 60 per cent of the world's supply of iodine-125, an isotope used in nuclear ... who pioneered the use of cobalt-60 in the treatment of cancer, Karl Clark, who pioneered the separation method to extract ...
Strontium titanate
Building on this material by adding cobalt on the B-site (replacing titanium) as well as iron, we have the material STFC, or ... health and safety consequences of decommissioning radioisotope thermal generators (RTGs) in Northwest Russia (PDF), Østerås: ... "Cobalt-substituted SrTi 0.3 Fe 0.7 O 3−δ : a stable high-performance oxygen electrode material for intermediate-temperature ... cobalt-substituted STF, which shows remarkable stability as a cathode material as well as lower polarization resistance than ...
Philippine Nuclear Research Institute
The Engineering Services of the PNRI offers Instrument Repair Diagnostics, Decommissioning of Cobalt-60 Teletheraphy Machine, ... a radioisotope necessary for the creation of radiopharmaceuticals. The domestic production of this isotope will allow it to be ... Austria Radiation therapy Nuclear power Peaceful Nuclear Research Philippine Research Reactor-1 Cobalt-60 Multipurpose ...
Spirit (rover)
The rover's operating temperature ranged from −40 to +40 °C (−40 to 104 °F). Radioisotope heater units provided a base level of ... spectrometer took much longer to produce results than it did earlier in the mission because of the decay of its cobalt-57 gamma ...
Lithium
Seven radioisotopes have been characterized, the most stable being 8Li with a half-life of 838 ms and 9Li with a half-life of ... Low-cobalt cathodes for lithium batteries are expected to require lithium hydroxide rather than lithium carbonate as a ... "Lithium and cobalt - a tale of two commodities". McKinsey. p. 9. Archived from the original on 11 December 2019. Retrieved 29 ...
Quehanna Wild Area
As a result, a robot had to be constructed to remove 3,000 curies of cobalt-60 in two of the hot cells, dismantle cell 4, and ... intending to use them in the manufacture of small radioisotope thermoelectric generators. Curtiss-Wright warned Penn State " ... In order to approve the move to the new site, the NRC required PermaGrain to provide an inventory of all their cobalt-60 ... PermaGrain also let Neutron Products, Inc., a Maryland company, do cobalt-60 work in its hot cells, which required an amendment ...
Index of chemistry articles
... radioisotope Radium Radon Radon difluoride Raman spectroscopy Raoult's law Redox Reduction Reflux Reversible reaction Rhazes ... Chromite Chromium Chrysoberyl Chrysolite cinnabar Cinnabarite Citric acid Citrine quartz Clay Cleveite Clyssus Coal Cobalt Coil ... Svante Arrhenius Syenite Sylvite synthetic radioisotope systematic element name Tabun Talc Talcum Tantalite Tantalum Tanzanite ...
Single-photon emission computed tomography
On occasion, the radioisotope is a simple soluble dissolved ion, such as an isotope of gallium(III). Most of the time, though, ... chromium-51 and cobalt-58). These may be imaged using SPECT in order to verify the presence of fuel rods in a stored fuel ... SPECT is more widely available, because the radioisotope used is longer-lasting and far less expensive in SPECT, and the gamma ... In the nuclear power sector, the SPECT technique can be applied to image radioisotope distributions in irradiated nuclear fuels ...
Thermoelectric materials
Skutterudites, a cobalt arsenide mineral with variable amounts of nickel and iron, can be produced artificially, and are ... NASA is developing a Multi-Mission Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator in which the thermocouples would be made of ... and are therefore used in some radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTG) (notably the MHW-RTG and GPHS-RTG) and some other ...
Nuclear reactor
Creating various radioactive isotopes, such as americium for use in smoke detectors, and cobalt-60, molybdenum-99 and others, ... or the production of radioisotopes for medicine and industry. These are much smaller than power reactors or those propelling ... transport Nuclear decommissioning Nuclear power by country Nuclear power in space One Less Nuclear Power Plant Radioisotope ...
Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
... electromagnetic separator for radio-isotopes, nuclear batteries and radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTG) power source ... Recovery of high purity Cobalt from various wastes/scrap material has also been demonstrated and technologies transferred for ... BARC has developed a wide array of nuclear reactor designs for nuclear research, production of radioisotopes, naval propulsion ... radioisotopes in the preparation of agents intended for use as radiopharmaceuticals. Custom preparation of special sources to ...
Sievert
Noted figures exclude any committed dose from radioisotopes taken into the body. Therefore the total radiation dose would be ... "Effects of Cobalt-60 Exposure on Health of Taiwan Residents Suggest New Approach Needed in Radiation Protection". Dose-Response ... but standard dosimetry practice is to account committed doses as acute in the year the radioisotopes are taken into the body. ...
Linear particle accelerator
The versatility of LINAC is a potential advantage over cobalt therapy as a treatment tool. In addition, the device can simply ... Gahl and Flagg (2009).Solution Target Radioisotope Generator Technical Review. Subcritical Fission Mo99 Production. Retrieved 6 ...
Silver
... -containing brazing alloys are used for brazing metallic materials, mostly cobalt, nickel, and copper-based alloys, tool ... Twenty-eight radioisotopes have been characterized, the most stable being 105Ag with a half-life of 41.29 days, 111Ag with a ...
Gamma ray
When this radionuclide tracer is administered to a patient, a gamma camera can be used to form an image of the radioisotope's ... of gamma-ray photons from the decay of newly made radioactive nickel-56 and cobalt-56. Most gamma rays in astronomy, however, ... A number of different gamma-emitting radioisotopes are used. For example, in a PET scan a radiolabeled sugar called ... Natural sources of gamma rays on Earth include gamma decay from naturally occurring radioisotopes such as potassium-40, and ...
Nuclear chemistry
... and a cobalt carborane anion (known as chlorinated cobalt dicarbollide). The actinides are extracted by CMPO, and the diluent ... 3H (tritium), the radioisotope of hydrogen, is available at very high specific activities, and compounds with this isotope in ... A short review of the biochemical properties of a series of key long lived radioisotopes can be read on line. 99Tc in nuclear ... Some early evidence for nuclear fission was the formation of a short-lived radioisotope of barium which was isolated from ...
DeconGel
Draine, Amanda (2 March 2009), Decontamination of Medical Radioisotopes from Hard Surfaces Using Peelable Polymer-based ... Cobalt, Copper, Lead, Nickel, Selenium, Silver, Zinc, and Molybdenum. DeconGel has special properties that "wet out" a surface ...
CDC Radiation Emergencies | Radioisotope Brief: Cobalt-60 (Co-60)
Stereotactic radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations of the brain
In an initial 3-year experience using the 201-source cobalt-60 gamma knife at the University of Pittsburgh, 227 patients with ... Cobalt Radioisotopes / therapeutic use * Combined Modality Therapy * Embolization, Therapeutic * Female * Follow-Up Studies ... In an initial 3-year experience using the 201-source cobalt-60 gamma knife at the University of Pittsburgh, 227 patients with ...
Cobalt | Public Health Statement | ATSDR
There is only one stable isotope of cobalt, which has an atomic weight of 59. (An element may have several different forms, ... Cobalt is a naturally-occurring element that has properties similar to those of iron and nickel. It has an atomic number of 27 ... 60Co is the most important radioisotope of cobalt. It is produced by bombarding natural cobalt, 59Co, with neutrons in a ... cobalt-60 and cobalt-57, also written as Co-60 or 60Co and Co-57 or 57Co, and read as cobalt sixty and cobalt fifty-seven. All ...
Radioisotopes in Medicine | Nuclear Medicine - World Nuclear Association
Tens of millions of nuclear medicine procedures are performed each year, and demand for radioisotopes is increasing rapidly ... the use of radioisotopes for diagnostics, radiation therapy, radiopharmaceuticals and other beneficial medical uses of nuclear ... Other medical radioisotopes. Cobalt-60 has mostly come from Candu power reactors by irradiation of Co-59 in special rods for up ... Home / Information Library / Non-power Nuclear Applications / Radioisotopes & Research / Radioisotopes in Medicine ...
Digital Forsyth | Flower Bouquet
Paragenesis of Palladium-Cobalt Nanoparticle in Nitrogen-Rich Carbon Nanotubes as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen...
Paragenesis of Palladium-Cobalt Nanoparticle in Nitrogen-Rich Carbon Nanotubes as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen- ... Co-60, a commercially important radioisotope, is useful as a radioactive tracer and gamma ray source. The origin of the word ... Cobalt. 27 Co 58.933195000 Cobalt See more Cobalt products. Cobalt (atomic symbol: Co, atomic number: 27) is a Block D, Group 9 ... Cobalt was first discovered by George Brandt in 1732. In its elemental form, cobalt has a lustrous gray appearance. Cobalt is ...
Digital Forsyth | Quarries
Fluoride Action Network | Updates to Uranium Processing and Fluorine Extraction Process Plans
IMSEAR at SEARO: Implications of p53 over-expression in the outcome with radiation in head and neck cancers.
MARC details for record no. 2139 › WHO HQ Library catalog
DeCS
Cobalt Radioisotopes - Preferred Concept UI. M0004664. Scope note. Unstable isotopes of cobalt that decay or disintegrate ... Radioisotopes, Cobalt. Tree number(s):. D01.268.556.185.500.354. D01.268.956.155.500.354. D01.496.239.354. D01.496.749.256. ... Unstable isotopes of cobalt that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Co atoms with atomic weights of 54-64, except 59, ... Radio-isotopes du cobalt Entry term(s):. ... are radioactive cobalt isotopes.. Annotation:. for routine use ...
Physiological response of seeds of three coffee varieties to gamma rays (60Co)
Nordion: Celebrating 75 Years - Nordion
What are The Basic Things to Know in Chemistry? - Learn About Chemistry
Code System Concept
Melanoma; Malignant Melanoma
APOD: MyCn 18: The Engraved Hourglass... (2019 Sep 29) - Starship Asterisk*
Bayrouni University Hospital Opens New Cancer Clinics - The Syrian Observer
DeCS 2017 - December 21, 2017 version
Radioisotopes, Chromium use Chromium Radioisotopes Radioisotopes, Cobalt use Cobalt Radioisotopes Radioisotopes, Copper use ... Radioisotope Dilution Technic use Radioisotope Dilution Technique Radioisotope Dilution Technics use Radioisotope Dilution ... Radioisotope Diagnostic Technic use Diagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope Radioisotope Diagnostic Technics use Diagnostic ... Radioisotope Diagnostic Technique use Diagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope Radioisotope Diagnostic Techniques use Diagnostic ...
When the party's over ... the financial spectre at the end of nuclear power
irradiation sterilization irradiation sterilization
Cobalt-60, a man-made radioisotope-emitting gamma rays.. * an electron beam machine producing electrons of high energy (beta ... The decay of the radioisotope cobalt 60 produces gamma rays, and the resulting high-energy photons are effective fungicides. ... The Cobalt-Glow-4 gamma-ray irradiation process uses 60 cobalt rays to kill microorganisms on many different products in ... Cobalt-60 has a half-life of 5.3 years.. The radiation used in processing materials is limited to radiation from high-energy ...
Wisconsin's Cyclotron Research Group creates four new isotope production lines
waste electric cable recycling for recycling industry from famous manufacturer in south africa
Structure Of Atoms Solution - Give The Applications Of Isotopes In The Field Of Radiotherapy And Medicines .
co prefix chemistry
The radioisotope cobalt-60, with a half-life of 5.3 years, is used in radiotherapy and as a tracer. co-, var. The following 200 ... The radioisotope cobalt-60, with a half-life of 5.3 years, is used in radiotherapy and a... T cover thioethers in organic ... Of length radioisotope cobalt-60, with a half-life of 5.3 years, is used giving dinitrogen a hard... In category `` English ... abbr cobalt-60, with a half-life 5.3... For 10-6 is micro, so you can drop the prefix `` di- is used in alloys come. Course ...
Search Results - - 212 Results - UNT Digital Library
Review of Radioisotopes Program, 1964 Description: Report issued by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory discussing a review of ... Evaporation of Iron-, Nickel-, and Cobalt-Base Alloys at 760 to 980°C in High Vacuums Description: Report issued by the Oak ... and cobalt-base high-temperature alloys with boiling potassium. The tests were designed to obtain quantitative information on ... the Radioisotopes Program during 1964. Research and experimental projects conducted during 1964 is presented. This report ...
Iodine-131IsotopesRadiationCommercially important radioisotopeNaturallyLustrousAtomicOresElementalTeletherapy unitsKoboldPigmentsStableGamma raysLithiumProducesRadioactivityMeshCopperDiagnosisNuclearRadiotherapyRoutineElectronCeramicsSterilizationFoundImportantSourcePublic health statementTherapyMetalProductionProductsElementsGiveEssentialHigh-strengthProcessFactorsWrittenSymbolSmallLongFamily
Iodine-1311
- Two of these radioisotopes, iodine-131 and cobalt-60, proved crucial to the diagnosis and treatment of life-threatening diseases. (llnl.gov)
Isotopes7
- The isotopes of an element, therefore, As more sites are evaluated, the sites at which have different atomic mass numbers [number of cobalt is found may increase. (cdc.gov)
- All isotopes of cobalt behave the same as a drum or bottle, it enters the environment. (cdc.gov)
- However, there are many unstable or radioactive isotopes, two of which are commercially important, cobalt-60 and cobalt-57, also written as Co-60 or 60 Co and Co-57 or 57 Co, and read as cobalt sixty and cobalt fifty-seven. (cdc.gov)
- All isotopes of cobalt behave the same chemically and will therefore have the same chemical behavior in the environment and the same chemical effects on your body. (cdc.gov)
- Unstable isotopes of cobalt that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. (bvsalud.org)
- Co atoms with atomic weights of 54-64, except 59, are radioactive cobalt isotopes. (bvsalud.org)
- Gamma irradiation technology mainly uses high-energy gamma rays emitted by radioactive isotopes such as cobalt-60 to sterilize products and prevent insects. (radiationsterilization.com)
Radiation6
- For more information about Co-60, see the Public Health Statement by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry at https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/substances/ToxSubstance.aspx?toxid=64 , or visit the Environmental Protection Agency at https://www.epa.gov/radiation/radionuclide-basics-cobalt-60 . (cdc.gov)
- External exposure to radiation may occur from chapter from the Toxicological Profile for cobalt. (cdc.gov)
- Cobalt colorants have a radiation and change into a different isotope. (cdc.gov)
- The half-life of a cobalt isotope is the time that it takes for half of that isotope to give off its radiation and change into a different isotope. (cdc.gov)
- There is widespread awareness of the use of radiation and radioisotopes in medicine, particularly for diagnosis (identification) and therapy (treatment) of various medical conditions. (world-nuclear.org)
- Source: Radioisotopes and Radiation Methodology I, II. (radiation-dosimetry.org)
Commercially important radioisotope2
- Co-60, a commercially important radioisotope, is useful as a radioactive tracer and gamma ray source. (americanelements.com)
- Cobalt-60 is a commercially important radioisotope, used as a radioactive tracer and in the production of gamma rays. (techxplore.com)
Naturally4
- Nonradioactive cobalt occurs naturally in various minerals and has long been used as a blue coloring agent for ceramic and glass. (cdc.gov)
- Cobalt is a naturally-occurring element that has properties similar to those of iron and nickel. (cdc.gov)
- The attributes of naturally decaying atoms, known as radioisotopes, give rise to several applications across many aspects of modern day life (see also information paper on The Many Uses of Nuclear Technology ). (world-nuclear.org)
- Cobalt occurs naturally as only one stable isotope, cobalt-59. (techxplore.com)
Lustrous1
- In its elemental form, cobalt has a lustrous gray appearance. (americanelements.com)
Atomic5
- Stable cobalt an atomic number of 27. (cdc.gov)
- There is only one stable has been found in at least 426 of the 1,636 current isotope of cobalt, which has an atomic mass number or former NPL sites. (cdc.gov)
- There is only one stable isotope of cobalt, which has an atomic mass number of 59. (cdc.gov)
- Cobalt (atomic symbol: Co, atomic number: 27) is a Block D, Group 9, Period 4 element with an atomic weight of 58.933195. (americanelements.com)
- Cobalt ( /ˈkoʊbɒlt/ or /ˈkoʊbɔːlt/) is a chemical element with symbol Co and atomic number 27. (techxplore.com)
Ores2
- Cobalt is found in cobaltite, erythrite, glaucodot and skutterudite ores. (americanelements.com)
- Nowadays, some cobalt is produced specifically from various metallic-lustered ores, for example cobaltite (CoAsS), but the main source of the element is as a by-product of copper and nickel mining. (techxplore.com)
Elemental1
- Elemental cobalt is a hard, silvery grey metal. (cdc.gov)
Teletherapy units1
- Originally the radium sales department of Eldorado Mining and Refining Ltd., Nordion's history of innovation started in the late 1940s with the development of one of the first teletherapy units that used the radioisotope cobalt-60 to destroy cancerous tumors. (nordion.com)
Kobold1
- The origin of the word Cobalt comes from the German word "Kobalt" or "Kobold," which translates as "goblin," "elf" or "evil spirit. (americanelements.com)
Pigments2
- Cobalt produces brilliant blue pigments which have been used since ancient times to color paint and glass. (americanelements.com)
- Cobalt-based blue pigments have been used since ancient times for jewelry and paints, and to impart a distinctive blue tint to glass, but the color was later thought by alchemists to be due to the known metal bismuth. (techxplore.com)
Stable1
- Stable cobalt has been found in at least 426 of the 1,636 current or former NPL sites. (cdc.gov)
Gamma rays1
- Cobalt-60, a man-made radioisotope-emitting gamma rays. (radiationsterilization.com)
Lithium3
- The 16 projects in the MINER program aim to develop commercially scalable technologies that will enable greater domestic supplies of copper, nickel, lithium, cobalt, rare earth elements, and other critical elements. (energy.gov)
- As EVs (Electric Vehicles) and energy storage become more widely adopted the lithium ion cathode battery demand and use of cobalt will shift from mobile devices to mega-industry equipment for transportation and energy. (spof.blog)
- Cobalt is an essential material in the production of the lithium ion cathode and Apple's leadership certainly understands the potential risk. (spof.blog)
Produces1
- The most recent was the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cyclotron Facility, which produces cobalt-55, manganese-52 and vanadium-48 for its catalog. (dotmed.com)
Radioactivity1
- however, not all cobalt one half-life, one-half of the radioactivity is gone. (cdc.gov)
Mesh1
- Calcium Radioisotopes" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (wakehealth.edu)
Copper1
- The copper belt in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zambia yields most of the cobalt metal mined worldwide. (techxplore.com)
Diagnosis3
- Over 10,000 hospitals worldwide use radioisotopes in medicine, and about 90% of the procedures are for diagnosis. (world-nuclear.org)
- The most common radioisotope used in diagnosis is technetium-99 (Tc-99), with some 40 million procedures per year, accounting for about 80% of all nuclear medicine procedures and 85% of diagnostic scans in nuclear medicine worldwide. (world-nuclear.org)
- 5. Which radioisotope is used for the diagnosis of tumor in the body? (maqsad.io)
Nuclear4
- Over 40 million nuclear medicine procedures are performed each year, and demand for radioisotopes is increasing at up to 5% annually. (world-nuclear.org)
- In developed countries (a quarter of the world population) about one person in 50 uses diagnostic nuclear medicine each year, and the frequency of therapy with radioisotopes is about one-tenth of this. (world-nuclear.org)
- A radioisotope thermoelectric generator ( RTG , RITEG ), sometimes referred to as a radioisotope power system (RPS), is a type of nuclear battery that uses an array of thermocouples to convert the heat released by the decay of a suitable radioactive material into electricity by the Seebeck effect . (wikipedia.org)
- ARPA-E's new Converting UNF Radioisotopes Into Energy (CURIE) program focuses on substantially reducing the disposal impact of used nuclear fuel (UNF) and supporting a comprehensive national strategy to deal with waste safely and securely. (energy.gov)
Radiotherapy1
- The radioisotope cobalt-60, with a half-life of 5.3 years, is used in radiotherapy and as a tracer. (flydaystour.com)
Routine1
- Diagnostic procedures using radioisotopes are now routine. (world-nuclear.org)
Electron1
- Readers are advised on factors to consider when comparing cobalt-60 machines and high-energy X-ray machines, evaluating the conditions in which an electron accelerator is justified, determining the equipment needed for brachytherapy, and deciding on the acceptability of second-hand machines for institutes in developing countries. (who.int)
Ceramics2
- The half-life of a cobalt isotope is the time colorants in glass, ceramics, and paints, as catalysts, that it takes for half of that isotope to give off its and as paint driers. (cdc.gov)
- Cobalt silicate and cobalt(II) aluminate (CoAl2O4, cobalt blue) give a distinctive deep blue color to glass, smalt, ceramics, inks, paints and varnishes. (techxplore.com)
Sterilization1
- Sterilization of medical equipment is also an important use of radioisotopes. (world-nuclear.org)
Found5
- Radioactive cobalt, as 60 Co, has been found in at least 13 of the 1,636 current or former NPL sites. (cdc.gov)
- As more sites are evaluated, the sites at which cobalt is found may increase. (cdc.gov)
- Cobalt is also found in meteorites. (cdc.gov)
- However, cobalt is usually found in the environment combined with other elements such as oxygen, sulfur, and arsenic. (cdc.gov)
- Cobalt is even found in water in dissolved or ionic form, typically in small amounts. (cdc.gov)
Important2
- of which are commercially important, cobalt-60 and cobalt-57, also written as Co-60 or 60Co and When a substance is released from a large area, Co-57 or 57Co, and read as cobalt sixty and cobalt such as an industrial plant, or from a container, such fifty-seven. (cdc.gov)
- October 1, 2021 marks an important milestone for Nordion: 75 years of being a trusted supplier of Cobalt-60. (nordion.com)
Source1
- In an initial 3-year experience using the 201-source cobalt-60 gamma knife at the University of Pittsburgh, 227 patients with AVM's were treated. (nih.gov)
Public health statement3
- This public health statement tells you about cobalt exposed to and your age, sex, diet, family traits, and the effects of exposure. (cdc.gov)
- This Public Health Statement is the summary chapter from the Toxicological Profile for cobalt . (cdc.gov)
- This public health statement tells you about cobalt and the effects of exposure. (cdc.gov)
Therapy2
- It contains advanced equipment such as the linear accelerator (LINAC), radioisotope therapy, and a cobalt device. (syrianobserver.com)
- 2009). Indium radioisotopes are also widely used in medical research and therapy (Fowler 2007). (who.int)
Metal1
- Cobalt is a ferromagnetic metal and is used primarily in the production of magnetic and high-strength superalloys . (americanelements.com)
Production1
- In recent years specialists have also come from radiology, as dual PET/CT (positron emission tomography with computerized tomography) procedures have become established, increasing the role of accelerators in radioisotope production. (world-nuclear.org)
Products1
- See more Cobalt products. (americanelements.com)
Elements1
- A radioisotope of one of these elements, americium-241, is an ingredient of household smoke detectors. (llnl.gov)
Give1
- Cobalt compounds are used as give off. (cdc.gov)
Essential3
- Radioisotopes are an essential part of medical diagnostic procedures. (world-nuclear.org)
- Cobalt is the active center of coenzymes called cobalamin or vitamin B12, and is an essential trace element for all animals. (techxplore.com)
- Decision making about the future of essential materials, such as Cobalt, are viewed simultaneously through a market and operational lens, then linked to financial performance. (spof.blog)
High-strength1
- Cobalt is used in the preparation of magnetic, wear-resistant and high-strength alloys. (techxplore.com)
Process1
- In the present work, we have developed a facile pyrolysis-based process for the co-synthesis of palladium-cobalt nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes (Pd-CoCNTs), which exhibit superior catalytic activity for the HER and enhanced ORR performance. (americanelements.com)
Factors1
- For If you are exposed to cobalt, many factors more information, call the ATSDR Information determine whether you'll be harmed. (cdc.gov)
Written2
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Calcium Radioisotopes" by people in this website by year, and whether "Calcium Radioisotopes" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (wakehealth.edu)
- Below are the most recent publications written about "Calcium Radioisotopes" by people in Profiles. (wakehealth.edu)
Symbol1
- conscientious objector The symbol for cobalt. (flydaystour.com)
Small1
- Located in Madison, the UW Cyclotron Group houses two machines that produce multiple radioisotopes, along with a suite of small animal and clinical imaging facilities and adjacent labs for preparing GMP (good manufacturing practice) pharmaceuticals. (dotmed.com)
Long1
- Safe use of RTGs requires containment of the radioisotopes long after the productive life of the unit. (wikipedia.org)
Family1
- The GM-10 and other members of the geiger counter family can detect radioisotopes such as Polonium 210 which was used to poison Alexander Litvinenko. (blackcatsystems.com)