Cloning, Molecular
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Amino Acid Sequence
Base Sequence
DNA, Complementary
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Cloning, Organism
Sequence Alignment
The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.
Restriction Mapping
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Gene Library
Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
Sequence Analysis, DNA
DNA
A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Plasmids
Blotting, Northern
Chromosome Mapping
Gene Expression
Blotting, Southern
Polymerase Chain Reaction
In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.
Genes
DNA Primers
Open Reading Frames
DNA Restriction Enzymes
Enzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They catalyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA sequences which lack the species-specific methylation pattern in the host cell's DNA. Cleavage yields random or specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. The function of restriction enzymes is to destroy any foreign DNA that invades the host cell. Most have been studied in bacterial systems, but a few have been found in eukaryotic organisms. They are also used as tools for the systematic dissection and mapping of chromosomes, in the determination of base sequences of DNAs, and have made it possible to splice and recombine genes from one organism into the genome of another. EC 3.21.1.
Nucleic Acid Hybridization
Widely used technique which exploits the ability of complementary sequences in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs to pair with each other to form a double helix. Hybridization can take place between two complimentary DNA sequences, between a single-stranded DNA and a complementary RNA, or between two RNA sequences. The technique is used to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands. (Kendrew, Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994, p503)
Genetic Complementation Test
DNA, Recombinant
Tissue Distribution
Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.
Genomic Library
Genetic Vectors
DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.
Transcription, Genetic
Multigene Family
A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Organ Specificity
Sequence Analysis
Cosmids
Mutation
Substrate Specificity
Carrier Proteins
Oligonucleotide Probes
Synthetic or natural oligonucleotides used in hybridization studies in order to identify and study specific nucleic acid fragments, e.g., DNA segments near or within a specific gene locus or gene. The probe hybridizes with a specific mRNA, if present. Conventional techniques used for testing for the hybridization product include dot blot assays, Southern blot assays, and DNA:RNA hybrid-specific antibody tests. Conventional labels for the probe include the radioisotope labels 32P and 125I and the chemical label biotin.
Transfection
Transformation, Bacterial
Transformation, Genetic
Sequence Homology
In Situ Hybridization
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Plant Proteins
Species Specificity
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
RNA
A polynucleotide consisting essentially of chains with a repeating backbone of phosphate and ribose units to which nitrogenous bases are attached. RNA is unique among biological macromolecules in that it can encode genetic information, serve as an abundant structural component of cells, and also possesses catalytic activity. (Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)
Conserved Sequence
Gene Expression Regulation
Streptomyces
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Exons
Membrane Proteins
Protein Biosynthesis
Alternative Splicing
A process whereby multiple RNA transcripts are generated from a single gene. Alternative splicing involves the splicing together of other possible sets of EXONS during the processing of some, but not all, transcripts of the gene. Thus a particular exon may be connected to any one of several alternative exons to form a mature RNA. The alternative forms of mature MESSENGER RNA produce PROTEIN ISOFORMS in which one part of the isoforms is common while the other parts are different.
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
Introns
Cattle
DNA Probes
Species- or subspecies-specific DNA (including COMPLEMENTARY DNA; conserved genes, whole chromosomes, or whole genomes) used in hybridization studies in order to identify microorganisms, to measure DNA-DNA homologies, to group subspecies, etc. The DNA probe hybridizes with a specific mRNA, if present. Conventional techniques used for testing for the hybridization product include dot blot assays, Southern blot assays, and DNA:RNA hybrid-specific antibody tests. Conventional labels for the DNA probe include the radioisotope labels 32P and 125I and the chemical label biotin. The use of DNA probes provides a specific, sensitive, rapid, and inexpensive replacement for cell culture techniques for diagnosing infections.
DNA Transposable Elements
Discrete segments of DNA which can excise and reintegrate to another site in the genome. Most are inactive, i.e., have not been found to exist outside the integrated state. DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom.
Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
Operon
Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
Sequences of DNA or RNA that occur in multiple copies. There are several types: INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE SEQUENCES are copies of transposable elements (DNA TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS or RETROELEMENTS) dispersed throughout the genome. TERMINAL REPEAT SEQUENCES flank both ends of another sequence, for example, the long terminal repeats (LTRs) on RETROVIRUSES. Variations may be direct repeats, those occurring in the same direction, or inverted repeats, those opposite to each other in direction. TANDEM REPEAT SEQUENCES are copies which lie adjacent to each other, direct or inverted (INVERTED REPEAT SEQUENCES).
COS Cells
CELL LINES derived from the CV-1 cell line by transformation with a replication origin defective mutant of SV40 VIRUS, which codes for wild type large T antigen (ANTIGENS, POLYOMAVIRUS TRANSFORMING). They are used for transfection and cloning. (The CV-1 cell line was derived from the kidney of an adult male African green monkey (CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS).)
Cricetinae
Isoenzymes
Transcription Factors
Poly A
Nuclear Transfer Techniques
Phenotype
Mutagenesis, Insertional
Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.
DNA-Binding Proteins
Bacteriophage lambda
Consensus Sequence
A theoretical representative nucleotide or amino acid sequence in which each nucleotide or amino acid is the one which occurs most frequently at that site in the different sequences which occur in nature. The phrase also refers to an actual sequence which approximates the theoretical consensus. A known CONSERVED SEQUENCE set is represented by a consensus sequence. Commonly observed supersecondary protein structures (AMINO ACID MOTIFS) are often formed by conserved sequences.
Physical Chromosome Mapping
Mapping of the linear order of genes on a chromosome with units indicating their distances by using methods other than genetic recombination. These methods include nucleotide sequencing, overlapping deletions in polytene chromosomes, and electron micrography of heteroduplex DNA. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 5th ed)
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
Liver
Bacillus
Chromosomes, Bacterial
Enzyme Stability
Proteins
Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.
Xenopus laevis
Rabbits
Blotting, Western
Binding Sites
Oocytes
Recombination, Genetic
Chromosome Walking
A technique with which an unknown region of a chromosome can be explored. It is generally used to isolate a locus of interest for which no probe is available but that is known to be linked to a gene which has been identified and cloned. A fragment containing a known gene is selected and used as a probe to identify other overlapping fragments which contain the same gene. The nucleotide sequences of these fragments can then be characterized. This process continues for the length of the chromosome.
Codon
A set of three nucleotides in a protein coding sequence that specifies individual amino acids or a termination signal (CODON, TERMINATOR). Most codons are universal, but some organisms do not produce the transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER) complementary to all codons. These codons are referred to as unassigned codons (CODONS, NONSENSE).
Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial
Chickens
Clone Cells
A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (From King & Stansfield, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Pseudomonas
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Tumor Cells, Cultured
Deoxyribonuclease EcoRI
Protein Sorting Signals
Oxidoreductases
The class of all enzymes catalyzing oxidoreduction reactions. The substrate that is oxidized is regarded as a hydrogen donor. The systematic name is based on donor:acceptor oxidoreductase. The recommended name will be dehydrogenase, wherever this is possible; as an alternative, reductase can be used. Oxidase is only used in cases where O2 is the acceptor. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p9)
Brain
The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.
Xenopus
CHO Cells
Arabidopsis
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Protein Conformation
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
Deoxyribonuclease HindIII
Cells, Cultured
Chromosomes, Artificial, Yeast
Chromosomes in which fragments of exogenous DNA ranging in length up to several hundred kilobase pairs have been cloned into yeast through ligation to vector sequences. These artificial chromosomes are used extensively in molecular biology for the construction of comprehensive genomic libraries of higher organisms.
Pichia
Plants
Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.
Swine
Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).
Genetic Markers
Testis
Temperature
Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific
Enzyme systems containing a single subunit and requiring only magnesium for endonucleolytic activity. The corresponding modification methylases are separate enzymes. The systems recognize specific short DNA sequences and cleave either within, or at a short specific distance from, the recognition sequence to give specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. Enzymes from different microorganisms with the same specificity are called isoschizomers. EC 3.1.21.4.
Alcohol Oxidoreductases
A subclass of enzymes which includes all dehydrogenases acting on primary and secondary alcohols as well as hemiacetals. They are further classified according to the acceptor which can be NAD+ or NADP+ (subclass 1.1.1), cytochrome (1.1.2), oxygen (1.1.3), quinone (1.1.5), or another acceptor (1.1.99).
Kidney
Oryza sativa
Protein Binding
Protein Structure, Tertiary
The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.
Mutagenesis
Expressed Sequence Tags
Genes, Regulator
Alleles
Macromolecular Substances
Novel regulation of the homeotic gene Scr associated with a crustacean leg-to-maxilliped appendage transformation. (1/69323)
Homeotic genes are known to be involved in patterning morphological structures along the antero-posterior axis of insects and vertebrates. Because of their important roles in development, changes in the function and expression patterns of homeotic genes may have played a major role in the evolution of different body plans. For example, it has been proposed that during the evolution of several crustacean lineages, changes in the expression patterns of the homeotic genes Ultrabithorax and abdominal-A have played a role in transformation of the anterior thoracic appendages into mouthparts termed maxillipeds. This homeotic-like transformation is recapitulated at the late stages of the direct embryonic development of the crustacean Porcellio scaber (Oniscidea, Isopoda). Interestingly, this morphological change is associated with apparent novelties both in the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of the Porcellio scaber ortholog of the Drosophila homeotic gene, Sex combs reduced (Scr). Specifically, we find that Scr mRNA is present in the second maxillary segment and the first pair of thoracic legs (T1) in early embryos, whereas protein accumulates only in the second maxillae. In later stages, however, high levels of SCR appear in the T1 legs, which correlates temporally with the transformation of these appendages into maxillipeds. Our observations provide further insight into the process of the homeotic leg-to-maxilliped transformation in the evolution of crustaceans and suggest a novel regulatory mechanism for this process in this group of arthropods. (+info)Mrj encodes a DnaJ-related co-chaperone that is essential for murine placental development. (2/69323)
We have identified a novel gene in a gene trap screen that encodes a protein related to the DnaJ co-chaperone in E. coli. The gene, named Mrj (mammalian relative of DnaJ) was expressed throughout development in both the embryo and placenta. Within the placenta, expression was particularly high in trophoblast giant cells but moderate levels were also observed in trophoblast cells of the chorion at embryonic day 8.5, and later in the labyrinth which arises from the attachment of the chorion to the allantois (a process called chorioallantoic fusion). Insertion of the ROSAbetageo gene trap vector into the Mrj gene created a null allele. Homozygous Mrj mutants died at mid-gestation due to a failure of chorioallantoic fusion at embryonic day 8.5, which precluded formation of the mature placenta. At embryonic day 8.5, the chorion in mutants was morphologically normal and expressed the cell adhesion molecule beta4 integrin that is known to be required for chorioallantoic fusion. However, expression of the chorionic trophoblast-specific transcription factor genes Err2 and Gcm1 was significantly reduced. The mutants showed no abnormal phenotypes in other trophoblast cell types or in the embryo proper. This study indicates a previously unsuspected role for chaperone proteins in placental development and represents the first genetic analysis of DnaJ-related protein function in higher eukaryotes. Based on a survey of EST databases representing different mouse tissues and embryonic stages, there are 40 or more DnaJ-related genes in mammals. In addition to Mrj, at least two of these genes are also expressed in the developing mouse placenta. The specificity of the developmental defect in Mrj mutants suggests that each of these genes may have unique tissue and cellular activities. (+info)Requirement of a novel gene, Xin, in cardiac morphogenesis. (3/69323)
A novel gene, Xin, from chick (cXin) and mouse (mXin) embryonic hearts, may be required for cardiac morphogenesis and looping. Both cloned cDNAs have a single open reading frame, encoding proteins with 2,562 and 1,677 amino acids for cXin and mXin, respectively. The derived amino acid sequences share 46% similarity. The overall domain structures of the predicted cXin and mXin proteins, including proline-rich regions, 16 amino acid repeats, DNA-binding domains, SH3-binding motifs and nuclear localization signals, are highly conserved. Northern blot analyses detect a single message of 8.9 and 5.8 kilo base (kb) from both cardiac and skeletal muscle of chick and mouse, respectively. In situ hybridization reveals that the cXin gene is specifically expressed in cardiac progenitor cells of chick embryos as early as stage 8, prior to heart tube formation. cXin continues to be expressed in the myocardium of developing hearts. By stage 15, cXin expression is also detected in the myotomes of developing somites. Immunofluorescence microscopy reveals that the mXin protein is colocalized with N-cadherin and connexin-43 in the intercalated discs of adult mouse hearts. Incubation of stage 6 chick embryos with cXin antisense oligonucleotides results in abnormal cardiac morphogenesis and an alteration of cardiac looping. The myocardium of the affected hearts becomes thickened and tends to form multiple invaginations into the heart cavity. This abnormal cellular process may account in part for the abnormal looping. cXin expression can be induced by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in explants of anterior medial mesoendoderm from stage 6 chick embryos, a tissue that is normally non-cardiogenic. This induction occurs following the BMP-mediated induction of two cardiac-restricted transcription factors, Nkx2.5 and MEF2C. Furthermore, either MEF2C or Nkx2.5 can transactivate a luciferase reporter driven by the mXin promoter in mouse fibroblasts. These results suggest that Xin may participate in a BMP-Nkx2.5-MEF2C pathway to control cardiac morphogenesis and looping. (+info)Mechanisms of GDF-5 action during skeletal development. (4/69323)
Mutations in GDF-5, a member of the TGF-beta superfamily, result in the autosomal recessive syndromes brachypod (bp) in mice and Hunter-Thompson and Grebe-type chondrodysplasias in humans. These syndromes are all characterised by the shortening of the appendicular skeleton and loss or abnormal development of some joints. To investigate how GDF-5 controls skeletogenesis, we overexpressed GDF-5 during chick limb development using the retrovirus, RCASBP. This resulted in up to a 37.5% increase in length of the skeletal elements, which was predominantly due to an increase in the number of chondrocytes. By injecting virus at different stages of development, we show that GDF-5 can increase both the size of the early cartilage condensation and the later developing skeletal element. Using in vitro micromass cultures as a model system to study the early steps of chondrogenesis, we show that GDF-5 increases chondrogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. We did not detect changes in proliferation. However, cell suspension cultures showed that GDF-5 might act at these stages by increasing cell adhesion, a critical determinant of early chondrogenesis. In contrast, pulse labelling experiments of GDF-5-infected limbs showed that at later stages of skeletal development GDF-5 can increase proliferation of chondrocytes. Thus, here we show two mechanisms of how GDF-5 may control different stages of skeletogenesis. Finally, our data show that levels of GDF-5 expression/activity are important in controlling the size of skeletal elements and provides a possible explanation for the variation in the severity of skeletal defects resulting from mutations in GDF-5. (+info)Molecular cloning and epitope analysis of the peanut allergen Ara h 3. (5/69323)
Peanut allergy is a significant IgE-mediated health problem because of the increased prevalence, potential severity, and chronicity of the reaction. Following our characterization of the two peanut allergens Ara h 1 and Ara h 2, we have isolated a cDNA clone encoding a third peanut allergen, Ara h 3. The deduced amino acid sequence of Ara h 3 shows homology to 11S seed-storage proteins. The recombinant form of this protein was expressed in a bacterial system and was recognized by serum IgE from approximately 45% of our peanut-allergic patient population. Serum IgE from these patients and overlapping, synthetic peptides were used to map the linear, IgE-binding epitopes of Ara h 3. Four epitopes, between 10 and 15 amino acids in length, were found within the primary sequence, with no obvious sequence motif shared by the peptides. One epitope is recognized by all Ara h 3-allergic patients. Mutational analysis of the epitopes revealed that single amino acid changes within these peptides could lead to a reduction or loss of IgE binding. By determining which amino acids are critical for IgE binding, it might be possible to alter the Ara h 3 cDNA to encode a protein with a reduced IgE-binding capacity. These results will enable the design of improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for food-hypersensitivity reactions. (+info)TIF1gamma, a novel member of the transcriptional intermediary factor 1 family. (6/69323)
We report the cloning and characterization of a novel member of the Transcriptional Intermediary Factor 1 (TIF1) gene family, human TIF1gamma. Similar to TIF1alpha and TIF1beta, the structure of TIF1beta is characterized by multiple domains: RING finger, B boxes, Coiled coil, PHD/TTC, and bromodomain. Although structurally related to TIF1alpha and TIF1beta, TIF1gamma presents several functional differences. In contrast to TIF1alpha, but like TIF1beta, TIF1 does not interact with nuclear receptors in yeast two-hybrid or GST pull-down assays and does not interfere with retinoic acid response in transfected mammalian cells. Whereas TIF1alpha and TIF1beta were previously found to interact with the KRAB silencing domain of KOX1 and with the HP1alpha, MODI (HP1beta) and MOD2 (HP1gamma) heterochromatinic proteins, suggesting that they may participate in a complex involved in heterochromatin-induced gene repression, TIF1gamma does not interact with either the KRAB domain of KOX1 or the HP1 proteins. Nevertheless, TIF1gamma, like TIF1alpha and TIF1beta, exhibits a strong silencing activity when tethered to a promoter. Since deletion of a novel motif unique to the three TIF1 proteins, called TIF1 signature sequence (TSS), abrogates transcriptional repression by TIF1gamma, this motif likely participates in TIF1 dependent repression. (+info)Anopheles gambiae Ag-STAT, a new insect member of the STAT family, is activated in response to bacterial infection. (7/69323)
A new insect member of the STAT family of transcription factors (Ag-STAT) has been cloned from the human malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. The domain involved in DNA interaction and the SH2 domain are well conserved. Ag-STAT is most similar to Drosophila D-STAT and to vertebrate STATs 5 and 6, constituting a proposed ancient class A of the STAT family. The mRNA is expressed at all developmental stages, and the protein is present in hemocytes, pericardial cells, midgut, skeletal muscle and fat body cells. There is no evidence of transcriptional activation following bacterial challenge. However, bacterial challenge results in nuclear translocation of Ag-STAT protein in fat body cells and induction of DNA-binding activity that recognizes a STAT target site. In vitro treatment with pervanadate (vanadate and H2O2) translocates Ag-STAT to the nucleus in midgut epithelial cells. This is the first evidence of direct participation of the STAT pathway in immune responses in insects. (+info)In vivo expression of the nucleolar group I intron-encoded I-dirI homing endonuclease involves the removal of a spliceosomal intron. (8/69323)
The Didymium iridis DiSSU1 intron is located in the nuclear SSU rDNA and has an unusual twin-ribozyme organization. One of the ribozymes (DiGIR2) catalyses intron excision and exon ligation. The other ribozyme (DiGIR1), which along with the endonuclease-encoding I-DirI open reading frame (ORF) is inserted in DiGIR2, carries out hydrolysis at internal processing sites (IPS1 and IPS2) located at its 3' end. Examination of the in vivo expression of DiSSU1 shows that after excision, DiSSU1 is matured further into the I-DirI mRNA by internal DiGIR1-catalysed cleavage upstream of the ORF 5' end, as well as truncation and polyadenylation downstream of the ORF 3' end. A spliceosomal intron, the first to be reported within a group I intron and the rDNA, is removed before the I-DirI mRNA associates with the polysomes. Taken together, our results imply that DiSSU1 uses a unique combination of intron-supplied ribozyme activity and adaptation to the general RNA polymerase II pathway of mRNA expression to allow a protein to be produced from the RNA polymerase I-transcribed rDNA. (+info)
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A method for identifying genes within yeast artificial chromosomes: application to isolation of MLL fusion cDNAs from acute...
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pUC18 Plasmid Cloning Vector - Amid Biosciences | Protein Engineering Company
Molecular cloning and characterization of oocyte-specific Pat1a in Rana rugosa frogs<...
PMB.SEQ
Cloning Pioneer James Robl to Keynote Mount Holyoke College Spring Series, The Political Embryo: Reconceiving Human...
Cloning, is it man playing god? - A-Level Science - Marked by Teachers.com
What are the Risks of Animal Cloning? A look at the Disadvantages of the Cloning Process in Animals
unit7 cloning animals - UNIT 7 Animal Cloning and Epigenetics F08 The first cloned horse What cell parts would you need to...
DNA methylation
Molecular cloning[edit]. Most strains used by molecular biologists are derivatives of E. coli K-12, and possess both Dam and ... Gardiner-Garden M, Frommer M (July 1987). "CpG islands in vertebrate genomes". Journal of Molecular Biology. 196 (2): 261-82. ... Molecular break light assay for DNA adenine methyltransferase activity - an assay that relies on the specificity of the ... Ying and Li-Byarlay (2015). "Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of Nutrition in Honey Bees". Advances in Insect Physiology ...
Genetic engineering
Gene isolation and cloning[edit]. Main article: Molecular cloning. The next step is to isolate the candidate gene. The cell ... Koh H, Kwon S, Thomson M (26 August 2015). Current Technologies in Plant Molecular Breeding: A Guide Book of Plant Molecular ... Mutagenesis (molecular biology technique). References[edit]. *^ "Terms and Acronyms". U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ... "Isolating, Cloning, and Sequencing DNA (4th ed.). New York: Garland Science.. *^ Kaufman RI, Nixon BT (July 1996). "Use of PCR ...
DPP3
Molecular cloning and expression". Biochem. J. 329 ( Pt 2) (Pt 2): 275-82. PMC 1219041 . PMID 9425109.. ... Molecular function. • zinc ion binding. • peptidase activity. • aminopeptidase activity. • protein binding. • hydrolase ...
GDF11
"Molecular and Cellular Biology. 25 (14): 5846-58. doi:10.1128/MCB.25.14.5846-5858.2005. PMC 1168807. PMID 15988002.. ... Cloning and Stem Cells. 11 (3): 427-35. doi:10.1089/clo.2009.0024. PMID 19751112.. ... "International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 20 (14): 3563. doi:10.3390/ijms20143563. PMC 6679312. PMID 31330871.. ... "International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 21 (7): 2598. doi:10.3390/ijms21072598. PMC 7177281. PMID 32283613.. ...
Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency
Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization". Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 414: 253-260. doi:10.1007/978-1 ... Saronwala, A.; Tournay, A.; Gargus, J. J. "Genetic inborn error of metabolism provides a unique window into molecular ... "Two exon-skipping mutations as the molecular basis of succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (4-hydroxybutyric ...
Genomic library
A plasmid is a double stranded circular DNA molecule commonly used for molecular cloning. Plasmids are generally 2 to 4 ... Once a clone from a genomic library is sequenced, the sequence can be used to screen the library for other clones containing ... ISBN 0-8053-9592-X. Russell, David W.; Sambrook, Joseph (2001). Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y ... This is particularly determined by the number of clones needed to have in a library. The number of clones to get a sampling of ...
Blue-white screen
Molecular cloning is one of the most commonly used procedures in molecular biology. A gene of interest may be inserted into a ... "Chapter 1". Molecular Cloning - A Laboratory Manual. 1 (3rd ed.). p. 1.27. ISBN 978-0-87969-577-4.. ... "White and green screening with circular polymerase extension cloning for easy and reliable cloning". Protein Science. 22 (6): ... The plasmid carries within the lacZα sequence an internal multiple cloning site (MCS). This MCS within the lacZα sequence can ...
Citric acid
Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY. ...
Dolly (sheep)
"Future and applications of cloning". Methods Mol. Biol. Methods in Molecular Biology. 348: 319-32. doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-154 ... The attempt to clone a banteng bull was more successful, as were the attempts to clone mouflon (a form of wild sheep), both ... The cell used as the donor for the cloning of Dolly was taken from a mammary gland, and the production of a healthy clone ... Even though Dolly was not the first animal cloned, she received media attention because she was the first cloned from an adult ...
Restriction enzyme
"European Molecular Biology Laboratory - Hamburg. Retrieved 2008-06-07.. *^ Russell DW, Sambrook J (2001). Molecular cloning: a ... and they are a vital tool in molecular cloning.[8][9][10] ... Enzymes of Molecular Biology. Methods of Molecular Biology. 16 ... "Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 64 (2): 412-34. doi:10.1128/MMBR.64.2.412-434.2000. PMC 98998. PMID 10839821.. ... this characteristic is widely used to perform in-vitro cloning techniques such as Golden Gate cloning. These enzymes may ...
Phenol-chloroform extraction
Sambrook, Joseph; Russell, David W. (2001). "Commonly Used Techniques in Molecular Cloning". Molecular Cloning. 3. Li, Richard ... Phenol-chloroform extraction is a liquid-liquid extraction technique in molecular biology used to separate nucleic acids from ...
ORFeome
Ohara, O. (2009). "ORFeome Cloning". Reverse Chemical Genetics. Methods in Molecular Biology. 577. pp. 3-9. doi:10.1007/978-1- ... In, molecular genetics, an ORFeome refers to the complete set of open reading frames (ORFs) in a genome. The term may also be ... Complete ORF sets have been cloned for a number of organisms including Brucella melitensis,Chlamydia pneumoniae,Escherichia ... a resource for comparative molecular microbiology". BMC Genomics. 11: 470. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-11-470. PMC 3091666. PMID ...
Genetically modified tomato
Tomato as a model system: I. Genetic and physical mapping of jointless". MGG Molecular & General Genetics. 242 (6). doi:10.1007 ... Tomatoes have been used as a model in map-based cloning, where transgenic plants must be created to prove that a gene has been ... Foolad, M. R. (2007). "Current Status Of Breeding Tomatoes For Salt And Drought Tolerance". Advances in Molecular Breeding ... Wing, R.; Zhang, H. B.; Tanksley, S. (1994). "Map-based cloning in crop plants. ...
HAND2
Russell MW, Kemp P, Wang L, Brody LC, Izumo S (December 1998). "Molecular cloning of the human HAND2 gene". Biochimica et ... Molecular function. • DNA binding. • sequence-specific DNA binding. • RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA ... Srivastava D, Gottlieb PD, Olson EN (2003). "Molecular mechanisms of ventricular hypoplasia". Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on ... Srivastava D (1999). "HAND proteins: molecular mediators of cardiac development and congenital heart disease". Trends in ...
Eosinophil peroxidase
"Molecular cloning of the human eosinophil peroxidase. Evidence for the existence of a peroxidase multigene family". J. Exp. Med ... Petrides, PE (September 1998). "Molecular genetics of peroxidase deficiency". Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany). ... Molecular weight: 57 kDa (heavy chain), 11 kDa (light chain) (predicted); 52 kDa, 15 kDa (observed) Isoelectric point pI = ... Lanza, F (September 1998). "Clinical manifestation of myeloperoxidase deficiency". Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, ...
Genetic engineering
Gene isolation and cloningEdit. Main article: Molecular cloning. The next step is to isolate the candidate gene. The cell ... Koh H, Kwon S, Thomson M (26 August 2015). Current Technologies in Plant Molecular Breeding: A Guide Book of Plant Molecular ... "Isolating, Cloning, and Sequencing DNA (4th ed.). New York: Garland Science.. *^ Kaufman RI, Nixon BT (July 1996). "Use of PCR ... "Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 67 (1): 16-37, table of contents. doi:10.1128/MMBR.67.1.16-37.2003. PMC 150518. ...
Filamentous bacteriophage
Messing, Joachim (1996). "Cloning Single-Stranded DNA". Molecular Biotechnology. 5 (1): 39-47. doi:10.1007/BF02762411. PMID ... Messing, Joachim (1991). "Cloning in M13 phage or how to use biology at its best". Gene. 100: 3-12. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(91) ... The simplicity of this family makes it an attractive model system to study fundamental aspects of molecular biology, and it has ... IKe and fd gene 5 proteins form left-handed helices with single-stranded DNA". Journal of Molecular Biology. 208 (1): 57-64. ...
GYPE
Molecular cloning and expression". Eur. J. Biochem. 191 (3): 619-625. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1990.tb19166.x. PMID 2390989. ... by isolation of genomic clones and complementary DNA clones utilizing polymerase chain reaction". J. Biol. Chem. 265 (2): 1102- ... 1992). "Molecular analysis of human glycophorin MiIX gene shows a silent segment transfer and untemplated mutation resulting ...
CHSY1
Kitagawa H, Uyama T, Sugahara K (Oct 2001). "Molecular cloning and expression of a human chondroitin synthase". J Biol Chem. ... Kitagawa H, Izumikawa T, Uyama T, Sugahara K (2003). "Molecular cloning of a chondroitin polymerizing factor that cooperates ... 2003). "Chondroitin sulfate synthase-3. Molecular cloning and characterization". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (41): 39711-25. doi:10.1074 ... The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro". DNA Res. 6 (1): 63-70. doi: ...
DPP3
Molecular cloning and expression". Biochem. J. 329 ( Pt 2) (Pt 2): 275-82. doi:10.1042/bj3290275. PMC 1219041. PMID 9425109. ...
Galanin receptor 1
"Molecular cloning of a functional human galanin receptor". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States ... Molecular function. • G-protein coupled receptor activity. • neuropeptide binding. • signal transducer activity. • peptide ... Lorimer DD, Benya RV (May 1996). "Cloning and quantification of galanin-1 receptor expression by mucosal cells lining the human ... Lorimer DD, Matkowskj K, Benya RV (Dec 1997). "Cloning, chromosomal location, and transcriptional regulation of the human ...
Ferroportin
"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research. 1823 (9): 1426-33. doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.03.004. PMC 3718258 ... February 2000). "Positional cloning of zebrafish ferroportin1 identifies a conserved vertebrate iron exporter". Nature. 403 ( ... "DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination". Genome Research. 10 (11): 1788-95. doi:10.1101/gr.143000. PMC 310948 ... Molecular Diagnosis. 6 (4): 347. doi:10.1054/modi.2001.0060347. PMID 11774199.. ...
Fatty acid synthase
... properties and molecular cloning". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 92 (19): 8695-9. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.19.8695. PMC 41033 . PMID ... Molecular function. • transferase activity. • enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein reductase (NADPH, A-specific) activity]. • 3- ... Stevens L, Price NC (1999). Fundamentals of enzymology: the cell and molecular biology of catalytic proteins. Oxford [ ... Asturias FJ, Chadick JZ, Cheung IK, Stark H, Witkowski A, Joshi AK, Smith S (March 2005). "Structure and molecular organization ...
Beth Shapiro
"Bayesian Coalescent Inference of Past Population Dynamics from Molecular Sequences". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 22 (5): ... Shapiro, Beth (2015). How to Clone a Mammoth: The Science of De-Extinction. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN ... Shapiro's research on ecology has been published in leading journals[3] including Molecular Biology and Evolution,[12] PLOS ... Beth Alison Shapiro (born 1976[5]) is an American evolutionary molecular biologist. She is a Professor in the Department of ...
Restriction enzyme
European Molecular Biology Laboratory - Hamburg. Retrieved 2008-06-07. Russell DW, Sambrook J (2001). Molecular cloning: a ... These enzymes are routinely used for DNA modification in laboratories, and they are a vital tool in molecular cloning. The term ... Clark DP (2005). Molecular biology. Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-175551-7. Goodsell DS (2002). "The molecular ... this characteristic is widely used to perform in-vitro cloning techniques such as Golden Gate cloning. These enzymes may ...
Amidophosphoribosyltransferase
Iwahana H, Oka J, Mizusawa N, Kudo E, Ii S, Yoshimoto K, Holmes EW, Itakura M (Jan 1993). "Molecular cloning of human ... Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology. 42. pp. 259-87. doi:10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60578-4. ISBN 9780125400428 ...
Chromogenic in situ hybridization
2012) "Labeling of DNA Probes by Nick Translation". Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Park, K; Kim, J; Lim, S; Han, S; ... Next, the clones are sequenced and their position on the genome is verified. Probe labelling can be carried out by using either ... DNA is extracted from the BAC clones and amplified using a polymerase-based technique, such as degenerate oligonucleotide ... Shizuya, H; Kouros-Mehr, H (2001). "The development and applications of the bacterial artificial chromosome cloning system". ...
Plasmid
For their use as vectors, and for molecular cloning, plasmids often need to be isolated. There are several methods to isolate ... A plasmid cloning vector is typically used to clone DNA fragments of up to 15 kbp. To clone longer lengths of DNA, lambda phage ... Artificial plasmids are widely used as vectors in molecular cloning, serving to drive the replication of recombinant DNA ... Russell, David W.; Sambrook, Joseph (2001). Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor ...
Pleckstrin homology domain
Molecular cloning and functional characterization". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (26): 23294-300. doi:10.1074/jbc. ... Molecular Cell. 13 (5): 677-88. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(04)00083-8. PMID 15023338. Fort P, Blangy A (June 2017). "The ...
D-threonine aldolase
Molecular cloning and cofactor characterization". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (27): 16678-85. doi:10.1074/jbc. ... Liu JQ, Odani M, Yasuoka T, Dairi T, Itoh N, Kataoka M, Shimizu S, Yamada H (July 2000). "Gene cloning and overproduction of ...
Plasma cell
Neuberger, M. S.; Honjo, T.; Alt, Frederick W. (2004). Molecular biology of B cells. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 189-191. ISBN 0- ... the activation and growth of B cell clones able to secrete antibodies of higher affinity for the antigen. ...
Quantitative trait locus
Methods in Molecular Biology, Springer US, pp. 15-25, doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9865-4_3, ISBN 9781493998654. , PMID 31541435. ... "Map-Based Cloning of the Gene Associated With the Soybean Maturity Locus E3". Genetics. 182 (4): 1251-1262. doi:10.1534/ ... Methods in Molecular Biology, Springer US, 2072, pp. 15-25, doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9865-4_3, ISBN 9781493998654. , PMID ... QTLs are mapped by identifying which molecular markers (such as SNPs or AFLPs) correlate with an observed trait. This is often ...
الوحدة الفرعية بيتا للفولليتروبين - ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرة
"DNA Cloning Using In Vitro Site-Specific Recombination". Genome Res. 10 (11): 1788-95. PMC 310948. . PMID 11076863. doi ... Molecular function. • follicle-stimulating hormone activity. • ربط بروتيني. • فعالية الهرمون. Cellular component. • ...
MN1 (gene)
"Cloning and characterization of MN1, a gene from chromosome 22q11, which is disrupted by a balanced translocation in a ... Molecular function. • molecular function. Cellular component. • cellular component. Biological process. • multicellular ... "A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome". Genome Biol. 5 (10): R84. doi:10.1186/gb-2004-5-10-r84. PMC ...
Hepatitis D - Wikipedija, prosta enciklopedija
1987). "Molecular cloning and sequencing of a human hepatitis delta (delta) virus RNA". Nature. 329 (6137): 343-346. doi: ... "Molecular Phylogenetic Analyses Indicate a Wide and Ancient Radiation of African Hepatitis Delta Virus, Suggesting a ...
GABRA4
Molecular function. • ion channel activity. • benzodiazepine receptor activity. • chloride channel activity. • extracellular ... Yang W, Drewe JA, Lan NC (1996). "Cloning and characterization of the human GABAA receptor alpha 4 subunit: identification of a ...
ZP3
Molecular function. • acrosin binding. • GO:0001948 protein binding. • carbohydrate binding. • identical protein binding. • ... van Duin M, Polman JE, Verkoelen CC, Bunschoten H, Meyerink JH, Olijve W, Aitken RJ (December 1992). "Cloning and ... Rankin T, Dean J (2000). "The zona pellucida: using molecular genetics to study the mammalian egg coat". Rev. Reprod. 5 (2): ...
Substance P
"Molecular Biology of the Cell. 6 (5): 509-24. doi:10.1091/mbc.6.5.509. PMC 301212 . PMID 7545030.. ... and functional expression of cDNA clones". Biochemistry. 30 (44): 10640-6. doi:10.1021/bi00108a006. PMID 1657150.. ... American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. 24 (2): 101-7. doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.24.2.4264. PMID 11159042.. ...
Category:DNA - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Molecular cloning. N. *Non-coding DNA. *Nuclear DNA. P. *Point mutation. *Promoter (genetics) ...
PAX8
"Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (2): 524-33. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.2.524-533.2001. PMC 86614. PMID 11134340.. ... "Chromosomal localization of seven PAX genes and cloning of a novel family member, PAX-9". Nature Genetics. 3 (4): 292-8. doi: ... "Molecular and Cellular Biology. 13 (10): 6024-35. doi:10.1128/mcb.13.10.6024. PMC 364662. PMID 8413205.. ... Molecular function. • DNA binding. • sequence-specific DNA binding. • transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA ...
Alfa-2 adrenergički receptor
Molecular Biology and Evolution 21 (1): 14-28. PMID 12949138. doi:10.1093/molbev/msg224. Cite uses deprecated parameter ,month= ... "Identification of duplicated fourth alpha2-adrenergic receptor subtype by cloning and mapping of five receptor genes in ...
Progesterone receptor
"Molecular and Cellular Biology. 20 (9): 3102-15. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.9.3102-3115.2000. PMC 85605. PMID 10757795.. ... "Complete amino acid sequence of the human progesterone receptor deduced from cloned cDNA". Biochemical and Biophysical Research ... "Molecular and Cellular Biology. 19 (2): 1182-9. doi:10.1128/mcb.19.2.1182. PMC 116047. PMID 9891052.. ... "Molecular and Cellular Biology. 18 (8): 4471-87. doi:10.1128/mcb.18.8.4471. PMC 109033. PMID 9671457.. ...
Reptile
Hideyuki Mannena & Steven S.-L. Li (1999). "Molecular evidence for a clade of turtles". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. ... In some species of squamates, a population of females is able to produce a unisexual diploid clone of the mother. This form of ... Classically, turtles were considered to be related to the primitive anapsid reptiles.[32] Molecular work has usually placed ... Lee, M.S.Y. (2013). "Turtle origins: Insights from phylogenetic retrofitting and molecular scaffolds". Journal of Evolutionary ...
IgLON - Vikipeedia
15,0 15,1 Lajtha, A. (2007). Handbook of neurochemistry and molecular neurobiology: Neural protein metabolism and function, 2nd ... Pimenta, A. F., Fischer, I., Levitt, P. (1996). cDNA cloning and structural analysis of the human limbic-system-associated ... George J. Siegel, R. Wayne Albers, Scott T. Brady, Donald L. Price, Basic neurochemistry: molecular, cellular and medical ...
Bioinformática, a enciclopedia libre
"Methods in Molecular Biology 226.. *↑ Burke, D. T., el al. (1987). "Cloning of Large Segments of Exogenous DNA into Yeast by ... "Journal of Molecular Biology 302 (1): 205-217.. *↑ Roberts, L. (2001). "A History of the Human Genome Project". Science 291 ( ... Molecular Evolution. ISBN 978-0878934805.. *↑ Pop, M. (2004). "Shotgun Sequence Assembly" (PDF). Advances in Computers 60. ISSN ... "Journal of Molecular Biology 98 (3).. *↑ Sanger, F.; et al. (1977). "DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors". ...
2009 in science
January - The first animal from an extinct species to be recreated by cloning, a Pyrenean Ibex, is born alive, but dies seven ... American scientist who played a central role in the early history of molecular biology (b. 1912). 29 October - Bei Shizhang, ... Gray, Richard; Dobson, Roger (January 31, 2009). "Extinct ibex is resurrected by cloning". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2011- ... President of the International Society for Molecular and Cell Biology and Biotechnology Protocols and Researches (ISMCBBPR). ( ...
RAD51
Molecular function. • nucleotide binding. • DNA binding. • DNA-dependent ATPase activity. • recombinase activity. • chromatin ... Shinohara A, Ogawa H, Matsuda Y, Ushio N, Ikeo K, Ogawa T (Jul 1993). "Cloning of human, mouse and fission yeast recombination ... "Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 17 (10): 1247-54. doi:10.1038/nsmb.1915. PMC 4094107 . PMID 20871615.. ... Klopfleisch R, von Euler H, Sarli G, Pinho SS, Gärtner F, Gruber AD (Jan 2011). "Molecular carcinogenesis of canine mammary ...
Picornavirus
... and a poliovirus clone was the first infectious DNA clone made of an RNA virus in animals. Along with rhinovirus, poliovirus ... J Gen Virol 85(Pt 5):1145-1151 Mingxiao M, Ming L, Jian C, Song Y, Shude W, Pengfei L (2011) Molecular and biological ... This was the first time that infection virus had been produced from molecular building blocks in the cells. Polyprotein ... "ICTV Report Picornaviridae". Ryu, W.S, 2016, Molecular Virology of Human Pathogenic Viruses, Academic Press, Korea, Page 153- ...
肥胖症 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书
Obesity wars: Molecular progress confronts an expanding epidemic. Cell (Review). 2004, 116 (2): 337-50. PMID 14744442. doi: ... Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue.. Nature (Research Support). 1994-12-01, 372 (6505): 425-32 ... Barness LA, Opitz JM, Gilbert-Barness E. Obesity: genetic, molecular, and environmental aspects. American Journal of Medical ... Boulpaep, Emile L.; Boron, Walter F. Medical physiology: A cellular and molecular approach. Philadelphia: Saunders. 2003: 1227 ...
CD2, a enciclopedia libre
"Molecular cloning of the human T-lymphocyte surface CD2 (T11) antigen.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (22): 8718-22. PMC ... "Molecular cloning and expression of T11 cDNAs reveal a receptor-like structure on human T lymphocytes.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci ... "Molecular cloning of the CD2 antigen, the T-cell erythrocyte receptor, by a rapid immunoselection procedure.". Proc. Natl. Acad ... Wilkins A, Yang W, Yang J (2003). "Structural biology of the cell adhesion protein CD2: from molecular recognition to protein ...
Cyanotoxin
Kao CY and Levinson SR (1986) Tetrodotoxin, saxitoxin, and the molecular biology of the sodium channel New York Academy of ... Carmichael WW, Gorham PR (1978). "Anatoxins from clones of Anabaena flos-aquae isolated from lakes of western Canada". Mitt. ... Gerald Karp (19 October 2009). Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments. John Wiley and Sons. pp. 14-. ISBN 978-0- ... Herrero A and Flores E (editor). (2008). The Cyanobacteria: Molecular Biology, Genomics and Evolution. Caister Academic Press. ...
Lyudmila Trut
Further, to help understand the neurobiology of behavior, fox and dog orthologs of serotonin receptor genes were cloned.[9] ... Trut and her colleagues have applied modern molecular techniques to the fox populations with the aim of not only identifying ...
Cav1.2
Molecular function. • calcium channel activity. • metal ion binding. • voltage-gated ion channel activity. • ion channel ... "Cloning, chromosomal localization, and functional expression of the alpha 1 subunit of the L-type voltage-dependent calcium ... "Molecular Psychiatry. 15 (10): 1016-22. doi:10.1038/mp.2009.49. PMC 3011210. PMID 19621016.. ... Perez-Reyes E, Wei XY, Castellano A, Birnbaumer L (Nov 1990). "Molecular diversity of L-type calcium channels. Evidence for ...
Archaea
... molecular biology by allowing the polymerase chain reaction to be used in research as a simple and rapid technique for cloning ... Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS). 54 (4): 305-308. doi:10.1007/s000180050156.. ... Garrett RA; Klenk H (2005). Archaea: Evolution, Physiology and Molecular Biology. WileyBlackwell. ISBN 1-4051-4404-1.. ... Cavicchioli R (2007). Archaea: Molecular and Cellular Biology. American Society for Microbiology. ISBN 1-55581-391-7.. ...
Дофаминовый рецептор D1 - Википедия
Dearry A, Gingrich JA, Falardeau P, Fremeau RT Jr, Bates MD, Caron MG (1990). "Molecular cloning and expression of the gene for ... Zhou QY, Grandy DK, Thambi L, Kushner JA, Van Tol HH, Cone R, Pribnow D, Salon J, Bunzow JR, Civelli O (1990). "Cloning and ...
Michael W. Young
A new gene located on chromosome 2 was named timeless (tim) and was successfully cloned and sequenced. They found strong ... "for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm".[3][4] ... which led to his future work in cloning the period gene.[6] ... University School of Medicine with an interest in molecular ...
Stuart-Prower-faktor - Wikipédia
Reddy SV, Zhou ZQ, Rao KJ, et al. (1989). „Molecular characterization of human factor XSan Antonio". Blood 74 (5), 1486-90. o. ... Messier TL, Pittman DD, Long GL, et al. (1991). „Cloning and expression in COS-1 cells of a full-length cDNA encoding human ... Jagadeeswaran P, Reddy SV, Rao KJ, et al. (1990). „Cloning and characterization of the 5' end (exon 1) of the gene encoding ... Cooper DN, Millar DS, Wacey A, et al. (1997). „Inherited factor X deficiency: molecular genetics and pathophysiology". Thromb. ...
Alan Hall
"Molecular and Cellular Biology. 7 (1): 541-544. doi:10.1128/MCB.7.1.541. PMC 365100. PMID 3550423.. ... GTPase activity of different mutant forms of p21, one cloned from a patient with myeloblastic leukaemia and one derived from in ... "Molecular and Cellular Biology. 31 (1): 81-91. doi:10.1128/MCB.01001-10. PMC 3019857. PMID 20974804.. ... These findings were published in Molecular and Cellular Biology (MCB).[6] Alan Hall showed the specificity of Rho in the ...
MAP2K4
1998). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a human protein kinase that specifically activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase". ...
Molecular Cloning of Hormone Genes | SpringerLink
DNA Peptide biology biosynthesis cloning gene gene expression immune system metabolism physiology protein protein structure ... During the past ten years, refinements in the techniques of recombinant DNA technology have resulted in the cloning of genes ... 1.Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Howard Hughes Medical InstituteMassachusetts General HospitalBostonUSA ... proaches that have been used to identify and select the cloned genes encoding these polypeptides. The contents of the two in- ...
Molecular Block to Viable Clones | WIRED
Experts worried about human cloning warn that attempts to clone monkeys -- genetically closer to people -- using the Dolly ... A new study reveals why cloned human and other primate cells dont result in a healthy pregnancy. ... Molecular Block to Viable Clones. WASHINGTON - Cloning humans, or any other primates, may be impossible with todays techniques ... Cloning experts worry that attempting human cloning is dangerous, not just because of all the barnyard clones with birth ...
Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual - Joseph Sambrook, Tom Maniatis - Google Books
Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Book 1. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Joseph Sambrook, ISBN 0879693096, ... Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. Vol. 3, Volume 2. Joseph Sambrook,David W. Russell. No preview available - 2001. ... Cloning.html?id=qbATAQAAIAAJ&utm_source=gb-gplus-shareMolecular Cloning. ... Molecular Cloning: 1. Joseph Sambrook,Edward F. Fritsch,Thomas Maniatis. No preview available - 2012. ...
Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual - Joseph Sambrook, Tom Maniatis - Google Books
Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Book 1. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Joseph Sambrook, ISBN 0879693096, ... Cloning.html?id=qbATAQAAIAAJ&utm_source=gb-gplus-shareMolecular Cloning. ... Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Book 1. Joseph Sambrook,Tom Maniatis. Snippet view - 1989. ... Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Book 1. Joseph Sambrook,Tom Maniatis. Snippet view - 1989. ...
Bio Presentation | Molecular Cloning | Gene
Molecular Cloning (Process by which gene products are made) PCR product cloning vector ligation transformation expression E. ... the piece of DNA next to the gene must be turned on • By cloning the promoter beta-lactoglobulin and attaching it to the human ... The objective of Genetic engineering in this case is to clone the insulin gene from the human genome. ... After sufficient replication.The gene when extracted from the human genome is ligated unto the cloning vector. bacteriophage ...
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Canine Sulfotransferase | SpringerLink
Kurogi K., Sakakibara Y., Yasuda S., Liu MC., Suiko M. (2010) Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Canine ... Tsoi, C., Falany, C.N., Morgenstern, R., and Swedmark, S. (2001) Molecular cloning, expression, and characterization of a ... Tsoi, C., Morgenstern, R., and Swedmark, S. (2002) Canine sulfotransferase SULT1A1: Molecular cloning, expression, and ... Molecular cloning, expression, and characterization of novel human SULT1C sulfotransferases that catalyze the sulfonation of N- ...
Molecular cloning and characterization of... & related info | Mendeley
Molecular Biology Reports. Methylglyoxal is a kind of poisonous metabolite that can react with RNA, DNA and protein, which ... Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel glyoxalase I gene TaGly I in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). *Lin F ... The corresponding full length gene, named TaGly I, was cloned, sequenced and characterized. Its genomic sequence consists of ...
Molecular cloning of Limulus alpha 2-macroglobulin
Restriction Endonucleases: Molecular Cloning and Beyond | NEB
The development of gene cloning vectors and selection methodologies enabled the cloning of REases. Cloning not only allowed the ... Restriction Endonucleases: Molecular Cloning and Beyond. Return to Restriction Endonucleases The sequence-specific DNA cleavage ... Home Products Restriction Endonuclease Products Restriction Endonucleases Restriction Endonucleases: Molecular Cloning and ... Restriction enzymes have been one of the major forces that enabled the cloning of genes and transformed molecular biology. ...
Restriction Endonucleases: Molecular Cloning and Beyond | NEB
Molecular Cloning and Beyond Restriction Endonucleases: Molecular Cloning and Beyond. The sequence-specific DNA cleavage ... The development of gene cloning vectors and selection methodologies enabled the cloning of REases. Cloning not only allowed the ... Restriction enzymes have been one of the major forces that enabled the cloning of genes and transformed molecular biology. ... Innovative applications of these enzymes will take REases role beyond molecular cloning by continuing to accelerate the ...
Molecular cloning and characterization of human endothelial nitric oxide synthase. - PubMed - NCBI
Accordingly, we undertook molecular cloning and sequence analysis of human endothelial NO synthase. Complementary DNA clones ... Molecular cloning and characterization of human endothelial nitric oxide synthase.. Marsden PA1, Schappert KT, Chen HS, Flowers ... However, recent cloning and molecular characterization of NO synthase from bovine endothelial cells indicated the existence of ...
Molecular cloning, sequence, expression, and processing of the interleukin 16 precursor | PNAS
Molecular cloning, sequence, expression, and processing of the interleukin 16 precursor. Michael Baier, Norbert Bannert, ... Molecular cloning, sequence, expression, and processing of the interleukin 16 precursor. Michael Baier, Norbert Bannert, ... Molecular cloning, sequence, expression, and processing of the interleukin 16 precursor Message Subject (Your Name) has sent ... Molecular cloning, sequence, expression, and processing of the interleukin 16 precursor. Michael Baier, Norbert Bannert, ...
Step By Step Laboratory Manual for Condensed Protocols From Molecular Cloning - Redorbit
The Condensed Protocols From Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual is a single-volume adaptation of the three-volume third ... Step By Step Laboratory Manual for Condensed Protocols From Molecular Cloning. by Sam Savage ... "Condensed Protocols from Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual" report to their offering. ... edition of Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. This condensed book contains only the step-by-step portions of the protocols ...
Molecular Cloning - BioForum
Any techniques related to molecular cloning including restriction digestion, ligation, transformation, plasmid... ... Molecular Cloning. Any techniques related to molecular cloning including restriction digestion, ligation, transformation, ... Designing Crispr guides and cloning into appropriate vectors Started by Natalia KM, 13 Sep 2019 molecular cloning, Crispr/Cas9 ... Cloning of an unknown gene Started by bio_kid, 13 Apr 2015 cloning, genome library and 1 more... * 4 replies ...
cloning - Molecular Cloning
Chondrichthyes Chitinase: Molecular Cloning, Distribution, and Phylogenetic Analysis
Zheng, T., Rabach, M., Chen, N.Y., Rabach, L., Hu, X., Elias, J.A. and Zhu, Z. (2005) Molecular Cloning and Functional ... Suzuki, T., Kakizaki, H., Ikeda, M. and Matsumiya, M. (2014) Molecular Cloning of a Novel Chitinase Gene from Blue Shark ( ... Kurokawa, T., Tuji, S. and Suzuki, T. (2004) Molecular Cloning of Multiple Chitinase Genes in Japanese Flounder, Paralichthys ... Molecular Cloning, Distribution, and Phylogenetic Analysis. Open Journal of Marine Science, 8, 136-151. doi: 10.4236/ojms. ...
Cloning | An Introduction to Molecular Cloning Methods | Promega
This chapter of the Protocols and Applications Guide provides a background on basic cloning with a focus on cloning PCR ... Background of basic cloning with a focus on cloning PCR fragments Introduction The cloning of genes, gene fragments and other ... T-Cloning Vectors T vectors are a specific type of cloning vector that get their name from the T overhangs added to a ... Promega Products for Cloning Thermostable DNA Polymerases The use of amplification enzymes is the first step in cloning by PCR ...
ATCC Molecular Clones Page 11
Molecular Cloning: Basics and Applications | Protocol
Molecular cloning is a set of methods, which are used to insert recombinant DNA into a vector - a carrier of DNA molecules that ... Critical aspects of molecular cloning are discussed, such as the need for molecular cloning strategy and how to keep track of ... Youve just watched JoVEs video on molecular cloning. You should now understand how molecular cloning works and how the ... Molecular Cloning. JoVE, Cambridge, MA, (2018).. Molecular cloning is a set of techniques used to insert recombinant DNA from a ...
Molecular cloning of a novel cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP epsilon. - PubMed - NCBI
Human acetyl-CoA carboxylase: characterization, molecular cloning, and evidence for two isoforms. | PNAS
Human acetyl-CoA carboxylase: characterization, molecular cloning, and evidence for two isoforms.. L Abu-Elheiga, A Jayakumar, ... Human acetyl-CoA carboxylase: characterization, molecular cloning, and evidence for two isoforms. ... Human acetyl-CoA carboxylase: characterization, molecular cloning, and evidence for two isoforms. ... Human acetyl-CoA carboxylase: characterization, molecular cloning, and evidence for two isoforms. ...
Molecular Cloning | Technology Trends
Other articles related to molecular cloning, molecular, cloning:. Clone (genetics) - Overview. ... Molecular cloning takes ... Read more about Molecular Cloning: History of Molecular Cloning, Overview, Steps in Molecular Cloning, Applications of ... Molecular Cloning. Molecular cloning is a set of experimental methods in molecular biology that are used to assemble ... Molecular Cloning. ... Molecular cloning refers to the process of making multiple molecules ... Cloning is commonly used to ...
Human potassium channel genes: Molecular cloning and functional expression
Molecular Cloning 2nd Edition | Rent 9780879693732 | 0879693738
Molecular cloning - Wikipedia
Obtaining the molecular clone of a gene can lead to the development of organisms that produce the protein product of the cloned ... In a conventional molecular cloning experiment, the DNA to be cloned is obtained from an organism of interest, then treated ... Molecular cloning is a set of experimental methods in molecular biology that are used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and ... In standard molecular cloning experiments, the cloning of any DNA fragment essentially involves seven steps: (1) Choice of host ...
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Novel Phytocystatin Gene from Turmeric, Curcuma longa
... Seow-Neng Chan,1 Norliza Abu ... Molecular Cloning of CypCl Gene and Sequence Analysis. Once the PCR product was proven to show similarity to other ... P. Bangrak and W. Chotigeat, "Molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of a novel cystatin from Hevea rubber latex," ... W. Megdiche, C. Passaquet, W. Zourrig, Y. Zuily Fodil, and C. Abdelly, "Molecular cloning and characterization of novel ...
Introduction to Molecular Cloning | Free Online Course | Alison
Topics cover isolation of gene fragment, screening, polymerase chain reaction, cloning vectors, and the isolation of plasmids. ... This free online cloning course provides a comprehensive knowledge of the fundamental processes involved in molecular cloning. ... Introduction to Molecular Cloning This free online course on Alison takes you through the concepts, processes, and significance ... Introduction to Molecular Cloning is a free online course that begins by discussing the procedure for isolating specific genes ...
Molecular Cloning Handbook
Get more protocols at molecular cloning central ». Want to discover the easiest way to clone?. The easiest way to clone is to ... Struggling to clone your gene of interest or wasting precious time troubleshooting molecular cloning procedures? Our Molecular ... What are the advantages of GenEZ™ cDNA ORF Clones?. *Convenient: cDNA ORF clones available in the vector of your choice (choose ... Start by searching for your ORF sequence in our ORF clone database below, or if you know the accession number of your clone, ...
WikiGenes - Cloning, Molecular
Molecular cloning and characterization of an insulin-regulatable glucose transporter [29].. *Molecular cloning of cDNAs ... Disease relevance of Cloning, Molecular. *Amplification and Molecular Cloning of HTLV-I Sequences from DNA of Multiple ... High impact information on Cloning, Molecular. *Molecular cloning of NCR revealed novel members of the Ig superfamily ... Biological context of Cloning, Molecular. *From peptide sequence, molecular cloning revealed a cDNA encoding a novel protein, ...
Molecular cloning and duplication of the nematode sex-determining gene tra-1. | Genetics
Molecular cloning and duplication of the nematode sex-determining gene tra-1.. J Hodgkin ... Molecular cloning and duplication of the nematode sex-determining gene tra-1.. J Hodgkin ... Molecular cloning and duplication of the nematode sex-determining gene tra-1.. J Hodgkin ... Molecular cloning and duplication of the nematode sex-determining gene tra-1. ...
BiologyVectorsGenesGeneticsLaboratory ManualProteinPolymeraseMoleculesMammalianPlasmid cloniTransformationMutagenesisEscherichiaCharacterization of humanXenopusReceptorsPlasmidsFull-length cDNAPhylogenetic AnalysisFunctional characterizationNucleotide sequenceSequence analysisPredicted molecular massIdentified and characterizedProtocolsExpression analysisRecombinantViable ClonesChromosomeComplementary2002CellsSequencesAccessionExperimentsCellularGenEZAnalysisBiochemicalVitroProcedureMethodsScientistHumanProteinsCDNA libraryRestriction sitesAmino acid residues
Biology32
- Falany, C. and Roth, J.A. (1993) In: Jeffery, E.H. (Ed.), Human Drug Metabolism: From Molecular Biology to Man (pp. 101-115). (springer.com)
- The sequence-specific DNA cleavage activity of restriction endonucleases (REases), combined with other enzymatic activities that amplify and ligate nucleic acids, have enabled modern molecular biology. (neb.com)
- Our investigation of the molecular biology of IL-16 has therefore subsequently focused on the characterization of this initially elusive IL-16 precursor. (pnas.org)
- This condensed book contains only the step-by-step portions of the protocols, accompanied by selected appendices from the world's best-selling manual of molecular biology techniques. (redorbit.com)
- Molecular cloning is a set of experimental methods in molecular biology that are used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms. (primidi.com)
- Molecular cloning methods are central to many contemporary areas of modern biology and medicine. (primidi.com)
- Prior to the 1970s, the understanding of genetics and molecular biology was severely hampered by an inability to isolate and study individual genes from complex organisms. (wikipedia.org)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England. (genetics.org)
- A vector is plasmid DNA used as a tool in molecular biology to make more copies of or produce a protein from a certain gene. (jove.com)
- Based in the Oakland Area, this is a direct-hire, newly created opportunity for a Scientist I or II with molecular biology, viral vector development, and viral vector characterization experience excit. (cybercoders.com)
- Since then, molecular cloning has become one of the most powerful tools of the molecular biology laboratory enabling the expression of the smallest genes, as well as the engineering of whole genomes. (genscript.com)
- Dublin, Aug. 21, 2014 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Research and Markets ( http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/rx2936/molecular_biology ) has announced the addition of the "Global Molecular Biology Enzymes, Kits, & Reagents (Cloning, Epigenetics, PCR, Restriction Digestion, Sequencing) Market - Forecast to 2018" report to their offering. (cnbc.com)
- For the purposes of this report the global molecular biology enzymes, kits and reagents market is segmented by application, end users, products, and geographies. (cnbc.com)
- Molecular biology enzymes, kits and reagents find applications in a large number of fields of life science research. (cnbc.com)
- As this segment of the world population is more susceptible to chronic diseases, research into these ailments will become more significant, driving the growth of the molecular biology enzymes, kits & reagents market. (cnbc.com)
- A combination of bottom-up and top-down approaches were used to calculate the market sizes and growth rates of the global molecular biology enzymes, kits and reagents market and its sub-segments. (cnbc.com)
- For the fourth edition of this classic work, the content has been entirely recast to include nucleic-acid based methods selected as the most widely used and valuable in molecular and cellular biology laboratories. (cshlpress.com)
- Building on thirty years of trust, reliability, and authority, the fourth edition of Molecular Cloning is the new gold standard the one indispensable molecular biology laboratory manual and reference source. (cshlpress.com)
- Any basic research laboratory using molecular biology techniques will benefit from having a copy on hand of the newly published Third Edition of Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual . (cshlpress.com)
- the first two editions of this book have been staples of molecular biology with a proven reputation for accuracy and thoroughness. (cshlpress.com)
- cDNA cloning and gene expression of cecropin D, an antibacterial protein in the silkworm, Bombyx mori," Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology-B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , vol. 122, no. 4, pp. 409-414, 1999. (hindawi.com)
- Characterization of a Bombyx mori cDNA encoding a novel member of the attacin family of insect antibacterial proteins," Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 385-392, 1995. (hindawi.com)
- Institute of Molecular Biology I, University of Zurich, Switzerland. (epfl.ch)
- The first two editions of this manual have been mainstays of molecular biology for nearly twenty years, with an unrivalled reputation for reliability, accuracy, and clarity. (mexmat.ru)
- In this new edition, authors Joe Sambrook and David Russell have completely updated the book, revising every protocol and adding a mass of new material, to broaden its scope and maintain its unbeatable value for studies in genetics, molecular cell biology, developmental biology, microbiology, neuroscience, and immunology. (mexmat.ru)
- Thank you for sharing this Molecular and Cellular Biology article. (asm.org)
- Message Body (Your Name) thought you would be interested in this article in Molecular and Cellular Biology. (asm.org)
- In this volume, top scientists in these fields provide perspectives on how molecular data in biology help to elucidate key questions in estimating paleontological divergence and in understanding the mechanisms behind phenotypic evolution. (platekompaniet.no)
- Paleobiological questions such as genome size, digit homologies, genetic control cascades behind phenotype, estimates of vertebrate divergence dates, and rates of morphological evolution are addressed, with a special emphasis on how molecular biology can inform paleontology, directly and indirectly, to better understand life's past. (platekompaniet.no)
- Highlighting a significant shift towards interdisciplinary collaboration, this is a valuable resource for students and researchers interested in the integration of organismal and molecular biology. (platekompaniet.no)
- Following the cloning of NaPi-IIa [ 33 ], the phosphate physiology field has progressed rapidly, benefitting from advances in molecular and cell biology, imaging, and biophysical assays, as exemplified by the invited articles. (springer.com)
- Working at the forefront of molecular biology, Maniatis has perfected protocols for identifying and isolating genes and has used this methodology to decipher how different genes are activated in response to the environment. (harvard.edu)
Vectors8
- Soon after, the discovery and purification of REases that recognized and cut at specific sites (Type II REases) allowed scientists to perform precise manipulations of DNA in vitro , such as the cloning of exogenous genes and creation of efficient cloning vectors. (neb.com)
- The development of gene cloning vectors and selection methodologies enabled the cloning of REases. (neb.com)
- That is, these plasmids could serve as cloning vectors to carry genes. (wikipedia.org)
- By the end of the course, you will be familiar with the roles and importance of cloning vectors. (alison.com)
- Finally, you will be introduced to the transforming agents known as cloning vectors and the determinants of a good vector. (alison.com)
- Molecular cloning is a set of techniques used to insert recombinant DNA from a prokaryotic or eukaryotic source into a replicating vehicle such as plasmids or viral vectors. (jove.com)
- E. coli grows rapidly, is widely available and has numerous different cloning vectors commercially produced. (jove.com)
- A MCS is found in a variety of vectors, including cloning vectors to increase the number of copies of target DNA, and in expression vectors to create a protein product. (wikipedia.org)
Genes13
- During the past ten years, refinements in the techniques of recombinant DNA technology have resulted in the cloning of genes encoding approximately 50 different hormonal and regulatory peptides, including those in which the peptides themselves and the mRNAs encoding the peptides are present in only trace amounts in the tissues of origin. (springer.com)
- Two of the objectives in the assembly of this book are to pre- sent, in one volume, the known primary structures of the genes encoding several of the polypeptide hormones and related regulatory peptides, and to provide an account of the various ap- proaches that have been used to identify and select the cloned genes encoding these polypeptides. (springer.com)
- The contents of the two in- troductory chapters are intended to provide the reader with a brief background of the approaches to gene cloning and the struc- ture and expression of hormone-encoding genes. (springer.com)
- Introduction to Molecular Cloning is a free online course that begins by discussing the procedure for isolating specific genes. (alison.com)
- He then became excited by DNA and worked on mitochondrial genes in fungi in order to learn the new (in those days) techniques for gene cloning and DNA sequencing. (wiley.com)
- To define the HA mutations related to these antigenic sites, we cloned and sequenced the HA genes amplified by polymerase chain reaction of parent virus and MAb-selected escape mutants. (scribd.com)
- Molecular cloning and characterization of annexin genes in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Cloning protocols for using the pLKO.1 vector, a backbone used by the RNAi consortium for targeting human and mouse genes. (addgene.org)
- Molecular cloning and characterization of acrA and acrE genes of Escherichia coli. (asm.org)
- The concluding chapters deal with methods to screen expression libraries, express cloned genes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotic cells, analyze transcripts and proteins, and detect protein-protein interactions. (mexmat.ru)
- Among these, causative genes for inherited diseases of the retina have been identified by positional cloning or candidate gene approaches. (jneurosci.org)
- Thus, isolating genes uniquely expressed in the retina could lead to the clarification of the molecular mechanisms of phototransduction or the development of retinal disorders. (jneurosci.org)
- Efstratiadis was interested in establishing methods for cloning mammalian genes. (harvard.edu)
Genetics1
- Multiple cloning sites are a feature that allows for the insertion of foreign DNA without disrupting the rest of the plasmid which makes it extremely useful in biotechnology, bioengineering, and molecular genetics. (wikipedia.org)
Laboratory Manual8
- Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/22c38b/condensed_protocol) has announced the addition of the "Condensed Protocols from Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual" report to their offering. (redorbit.com)
- The Condensed Protocols From Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual is a single-volume adaptation of the three-volume third edition of Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. (redorbit.com)
- For corrections to Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Fourth Edition, click HERE . (cshlpress.com)
- Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual fills the same niche in the laboratory (with) information to help both the inexperienced and the advanced user. (cshlpress.com)
- It) has once again established its primacy as the molecular laboratory manual and is likely to be found on lab benches. (cshlpress.com)
- Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual has always been the laboratory mainstay for protocols and techniques. (cshlpress.com)
- the next generation of Molecular Cloning not only carries on the proud heritage of the first two editions but also admirably expands on that tradition to provide a truly essential laboratory manual. (cshlpress.com)
- Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual came out in 1982. (harvard.edu)
Protein12
- Complementary DNA clones predict a protein of 1,203 amino acids sharing 94% identity with the bovine endothelial protein, but only 60% identity with the rat brain NO synthase isoform. (nih.gov)
- In earlier investigations the good agreement between the apparent molecular mass of IL-16 in SDS/PAGE (17 kDa) and an open reading frame of 390 bp suggested that IL-16 is produced as a mature 130-amino acid protein with neither a signal peptide nor further processing ( 10 ). (pnas.org)
- However, we recently found that the originally cloned IL-16 ( 10 ) is part of a much longer open reading frame ORF, indicating that the 17 kDa protein is derived from a corresponding precursor ( 14 ). (pnas.org)
- Molecular cloning of a novel cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP epsilon. (nih.gov)
- The cDNA isolated from a clone library consisted of 2772 bp containing a 2115 bp open reading frame coding for a 705 aa protein with an approximate molecular mass of 80 kDa. (osti.gov)
- Internal amino acid sequence was obtained from this 120,000-dalton protein and, by means of this sequence, two types of complementary DNA clones were isolated and characterized. (sciencemag.org)
- The recombinant protein showed an estimated molecular mass of 87 kDa, consistent with the expected value of the annotated protein, and an optimal activity for the hydrolysis of α-PNPG was detected at 40 °C, and at pH 6.0. (mdpi.com)
- Molecular cloning and expression study of Xenopus latent TGF-beta binding protein-1 (LTBP-1). (xenbase.org)
- Sequence analysis of XLTBP-1 cDNA revealed an open reading frame of 4518 bp encoding a 1398 amino acid protein with a molecular mass of 154.1 kDa and an isoelectric point of 4.65. (xenbase.org)
- deglycosylation studies indicate that four of the five N-linked glycosylation sites are used and that the mature core protein has a molecular mass of 25 kDa, close to that predicted by the cDNA sequence. (jimmunol.org)
- Zebrafish P-selectin cDNA is 2,800 bp and encodes a putative 868 amino acid protein with a theoretical molecular weight of 122.36 kDa and isoelectric point of 6.27. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
- Sequence analysis indicated that the cloned PIPK gene had a high degree of homology with other mammalian PIPKs at the DNA and protein level. (arvojournals.org)
Polymerase4
- In this study, a cDNA encoding a novel canine SULT was cloned from MDCK cells using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. (springer.com)
- With the advent of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), RT-PCR, and PCR-based mutagenesis methodologies, the traditional cloning workflow transformed biological research in the decades that followed. (neb.com)
- Cloning and characterization of a Xenopus poly(A) polymerase. (asm.org)
- In this study, we cloned the full-length cDNA of P-selectin from zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) by the method of rapid amplification of cDNA ends polymerase chain reaction (RACE-PCR). (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Molecules7
- Molecular cloning is a set of methods, which are used to insert recombinant DNA into a vector - a carrier of DNA molecules that will replicate recombinant DNA fragments in host organisms. (jove.com)
- The use of the word cloning refers to the fact that the method involves the replication of a single DNA molecule starting from a single living cell to generate a large population of cells containing identical DNA molecules . (primidi.com)
- Strictly speaking, recombinant DNA refers to DNA molecules, while molecular cloning refers to the experimental methods used to assemble them. (primidi.com)
- The use of the word cloning refers to the fact that the method involves the replication of one molecule to produce a population of cells with identical DNA molecules. (wikipedia.org)
- Microbiologists, seeking to understand the molecular mechanisms through which bacteria restricted the growth of bacteriophage, isolated restriction endonucleases, enzymes that could cleave DNA molecules only when specific DNA sequences were encountered. (wikipedia.org)
- At least two important DNA molecules are required before cloning begins. (jove.com)
- The opening chapters describe essential techniques, some well-established, some new, that are used every day in the best laboratories for isolating, analyzing and cloning DNA molecules, both large and small. (mexmat.ru)
Mammalian2
- We have isolated a cDNA clone (mERD2) for the mammalian (bovine) homologue of the yeast ERD2 gene, which codes for the yeast HDEL receptor. (rupress.org)
- The cDNA clone was ligated into a mammalian expression vector and transfected into COS-1 cells. (jimmunol.org)
Plasmid cloni1
- One bacterial plasmid used in genetic engineering as a plasmid cloning vector is pUC18. (wikipedia.org)
Transformation1
- Learn about genetic engineering, gene manipulation and modification acheived by molecular cloning and transformation. (brighthub.com)
Mutagenesis2
- The kits and reagents product segment has five sub-segments, namely, cloning and mutagenesis, nucleic acid analysis, PCR sequencing, and other kits and reagents. (cnbc.com)
- These are followed by chapters on cDNA cloning and exon trapping, amplification of DNA, generation and use of nucleic acid probes, mutagenesis, and DNA sequencing. (mexmat.ru)
Escherichia1
- The DNA fragment containing the acrA locus of the Escherichia coli chromosome has been cloned by using a complementation test. (asm.org)
Characterization of human1
- Molecular cloning and characterization of human endothelial nitric oxide synthase. (nih.gov)
Xenopus2
- We have cloned, sequenced, and examined several biochemical properties of a Xenopus PAP. (asm.org)
- Molecular cloning, characterization, and chromosomal mapping of a novel human gene ( GTF3A ) that is highly homologous to Xenopus transcription factor IIIA. (xenbase.org)
Receptors5
- Using molecular cloning techniques, human homologs of the known members of the trk family of neurotrophin receptors have been cloned and sequenced. (jneurosci.org)
- Molecular cloning and characterization of crustacean type-one dopamine receptors: D1alphaPan and D1betaPan. (biomedsearch.com)
- As a first step toward illuminating the molecular underpinnings of dopaminergic signal transduction in the crustacean STNS, we have cloned and characterized two type-one DA receptors (DARs) from the spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus): D(1alphaPan) and D(1betaPan). (biomedsearch.com)
- Transmembrane proteins corresponding to the ligand binding chains of these receptors have recently been cloned. (epfl.ch)
- The cDNA cloning was based on the structural homology to hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors. (jimmunol.org)
Plasmids1
- A multiple cloning site (MCS), also called a polylinker, is a short segment of DNA which contains many (up to ~20) restriction sites - a standard feature of engineered plasmids. (wikipedia.org)
Full-length cDNA2
- In this study, the full-length cDNA of pig Cd127 was cloned and sequenced. (scialert.net)
- In the present study, we cloned the full-length cDNA of zebrafish P-selectin and analyzed its expression pattern. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Phylogenetic Analysis1
- Fujimori, K. , Fukushima, H. and Matsumiya, M. (2018) Molecular Cloning and Phylogenetic Analysis of a Chitin Deacetylase Isolated from the Epidermis of the Red Snow Crab Chionoecetes japonicas . (scirp.org)
Functional characterization1
- Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a new Cap'n' collar family transcription factor Nrf3. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Nucleotide sequence3
- Nucleotide sequence revealed that the newly cloned canine SULT cDNA has an open reading frame encompassing 912 nucleotides and encoding a 303-amino acid polypeptide. (springer.com)
- Cloning, nucleotide sequence analysis, and characterization of cDNA for medaka (Oryzias latipes) transferrin. (nii.ac.jp)
- The nucleotide sequence of this cDNA clone was homologous to those of the galactose- and N-acetylgalactosamine-specific C-type macrophage lectins of rodents. (jimmunol.org)
Sequence analysis2
- Accordingly, we undertook molecular cloning and sequence analysis of human endothelial NO synthase. (nih.gov)
- Sequence analysis demonstrated varying homologies with TnC complementary DNA clones isolated from developing chick skeletal muscle. (ahajournals.org)
Predicted molecular mass3
- One type encoded GAP with a predicted molecular mass of 116,000 daltons and 96% identity with bovine GAP. (sciencemag.org)
- The second type appeared to be generated by a differential splicing mechanism and encoded a novel form of GAP with a predicted molecular mass of 100,400 daltons. (sciencemag.org)
- The 855 bp cDNA of this gene contains the open reading frame (ORF) encoding 232 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of approx. (portlandpress.com)
Identified and characterized2
Protocols2
- This affordable companion volume, designed for bench use, offers individual investigators the opportunity to have their own personal collection of short protocols from the essential Molecular Cloning. (redorbit.com)
- Welcome to cloning central - a centralized portal for molecular cloning techniques, protocols, and troubleshooting guides . (genscript.com)
Expression analysis3
- Core chapters from the third edition have been revised to feature current strategies and approaches to the preparation and cloning of nucleic acids, gene transfer, and expression analysis. (cshlpress.com)
- Molecular cloning, expression analysis and cellular localization of an LFRFamide gene in the cuttlefish Sepiella japonica. (bioportfolio.com)
- Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of S- adenosyl- L-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) during the pathogenic infection of Litopenaeus vannamei by Vibrio alginolyticus. (bioportfolio.com)
Recombinant4
- Molecular cloning generally uses DNA sequences from two different organisms: the species that is the source of the DNA to be cloned, and the species that will serve as the living host for replication of the recombinant DNA . (primidi.com)
- Therefore, if any segment of DNA from any organism is inserted into a DNA segment containing the molecular sequences required for DNA replication, and the resulting recombinant DNA is introduced into the organism from which the replication sequences were obtained, then the foreign DNA will be replicated along with the host cell's DNA in the transgenic organism. (wikipedia.org)
- In standard molecular cloning experiments, the cloning of any DNA fragment essentially involves seven steps: (1) Choice of host organism and cloning vector, (2) Preparation of vector DNA, (3) Preparation of DNA to be cloned, (4) Creation of recombinant DNA, (5) Introduction of recombinant DNA into host organism, (6) Selection of organisms containing recombinant DNA, (7) Screening for clones with desired DNA inserts and biological properties. (wikipedia.org)
- Now, human complementary DNA clones corresponding to three polypeptides present in this BMP preparation have been isolated, and expression of the recombinant human proteins have been obtained. (sciencemag.org)
Viable Clones1
- High accuracy robotics combined with gentle fluidics-based systems establish viable clones with much higher efficiency. (moleculardevices.com)
Chromosome3
- A doctor who separately is pursuing human cloning has reported in an Internet journal preliminary data on an early-stage cloned human embryo, but with no chromosome information. (wired.com)
- Indeed, inside cloned monkey cells, the Pittsburgh researchers discovered deformed spindles and chaotic chromosome numbers. (wired.com)
- involving the use of restriction enzymes DNA sequencing (where the sequence of nucleotides is known and the gene can be synthesized in the laboratory) Nucleic acid hybridization (used to locate the target gene on its chromosome) DNA cloning (the gene is inserted into the genome of a foreign organism (host) and is replicated as the cells in the host divide). (scribd.com)
Complementary1
- We have isolated a full length complementary DNA clone (pCTnC1) from a 19-day embryonic chicken heart library corresponding to cardiac troponin C (TnC). (ahajournals.org)
20021
- Quarto N (2002), Molecular cloning and expression study of Xenop. (xenbase.org)
Cells8
- From the very first step, cloned primate cells don't divide properly, causing a helter-skelter mix of chromosomes too abnormal for pregnancy to even begin, University of Pittsburgh researchers reported Thursday in the journal Science. (wired.com)
- It also means the related field of therapeutic cloning - using embryonic stem cells to grow customized tissues for medical treatment - may prove harder, too, Schatten said. (wired.com)
- Schatten then pulls out that sperm and egg DNA, leaving just the clone DNA in the now-growing monkey cells. (wired.com)
- However, recent cloning and molecular characterization of NO synthase from bovine endothelial cells indicated the existence of a family of constitutive NO synthases. (nih.gov)
- The complete pro-IL-16 cDNA was subsequently molecularly cloned, sequenced, and expressed in COS-7 cells. (pnas.org)
- The fundamental difference between the two methods is that molecular cloning involves replication of the DNA in a living microorganism, while PCR replicates DNA in an in vitro solution, free of living cells. (wikipedia.org)
- George S, Leaver M, Frerichs GN & Burgess D (1989) Fish metallothioneins: Molecular cloning studies and induction in cultured cells, Marine Environmental Research , 28 (1-4), pp. 173-177. (stir.ac.uk)
- RNA was isolated from Z210R.1 cells, oligo-dT-primed cDNA was synthesized and cloned into the pDC406 vector, pools of clones were generated, and transfections into CV-1/EBNA cells were performed, all as described ( 8 ). (rupress.org)
Sequences2
- Examples of the DNA sequences that are difficult to clone are inverted repeats, origins of replication, centromeres and telomeres. (wikipedia.org)
- This deficit is largely or wholly due to the presence of sequences that cannot be cloned in rec+bacterial hosts. (genetics.org)
Accession1
- Start by searching for your ORF sequence in our ORF clone database below, or if you know the accession number of your clone, place a quote directly by clicking the button at the right. (genscript.com)
Experiments1
- In vivo methyl labeling experiments with L-[methyl-3H]methionine showed that this knockout mutant lacked an MCP with a molecular weight of approximately 68,000. (asm.org)
Cellular3
- Brain circuit assemblies comprise different cellular subpopulations that exhibit morphological, electrophysiological, and molecular diversity. (bioportfolio.com)
- This study will prospectively characterize the molecular, cellular and genetic properties of primary and metastatic neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, retinoblastoma, Ewing sarcoma family of tum. (bioportfolio.com)
- The GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTP-CH) gene of the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum has been cloned and sequenced. (portlandpress.com)
GenEZ2
- The easiest way to clone is to let GenScript do the work for you through our sequence-verified, expression-ready, GenEZ™ cDNA ORF clones and ORF mutant clones . (genscript.com)
- What are the advantages of GenEZ™ cDNA ORF Clones? (genscript.com)
Analysis5
- Known world-wide as the standard introductory text to this important and exciting area, the seventh edition of Gene Cloning and DNA Analysis addresses new and growing areas of research whilst retaining the philosophy of the previous editions. (wiley.com)
- Professor Brown has written a number of undergraduate textbooks including Gene Cloning and DNA Analysis: An Introduction (6th edition, Wiley-Blackwell, 2010) and Genomes (3rd edition, Garland Science, 2006). (wiley.com)
- Pellet P, Berger R, Bernheim A, Brouet J, Tsapis A. Molecular analysis of a t(9;14)(p11;q32) translocation occurring in a case of human alpha heavy chain disease. (labome.org)
- I. A multivariate analysis of the binding profiles of 14 drugs at 21 native and cloned human receptor subtypes. (labome.org)
- Molecular cloning and functional analysis of a blue light receptor gene MdCRY2 from apple (Malus domestica). (biomedsearch.com)
Biochemical1
- Moirangthem LD, Ibrahim KS, Vanlalsangi R, Stensjö K, Lindblad P, Bhattacharya J. Molecular Cloning and Biochemical Characterization of the Iron Superoxide Dismutase from the Cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133 and Its Response to Methyl Viologen-Induced Oxidative Stress. (umassmed.edu)
Vitro1
- Borel F, Mueller C. Design, Cloning, and In Vitro Screening of Artificial miRNAs to Silence Alpha-1 Antitrypsin. (umassmed.edu)
Procedure5
- This video explains the major methods that are combined, in tandem, to comprise the overall molecular cloning procedure. (jove.com)
- In this video you will learn about the different steps of molecular cloning, how to set up the procedure, and different applications of this technique. (jove.com)
- The first step of the general molecular cloning procedure is to obtain the desired insert, which can be derived from DNA or mRNA from any cell type. (jove.com)
- This can be advantageous when an insert contains a number of restriction sites within its sequence, making it difficult to identify restriction enzymes that will not cut the gene of interest during the cloning procedure. (genscript.com)
- I am a master student and I am doing my master thesis in the cloning of keratinase sequence in competent cell.I tried several different methods and procedure for the cloning and I got the colonies but when I did the mini prep I had the good concentration of the DNA but when run on agarosei could not see the band. (biology-online.org)
Methods2
- This changed dramatically with the advent of molecular cloning methods. (wikipedia.org)
- A) The sequence given is a composite of three clones (see Materials and Methods). (rupress.org)
Scientist1
- If you are a Scientist with extensive lentiviral vector design/production, vector construction, and DNA cloning experience, please read on! (cybercoders.com)
Human8
- Cloning experts worry that attempting human cloning is dangerous , not just because of all the barnyard clones with birth defects, but because attempts to clone monkeys - far closer genetically to people - using the Dolly technique so far have failed. (wired.com)
- The objective of Genetic engineering in this case is to clone the insulin gene from the human genome. (scribd.com)
- The gene when extracted from the human genome is ligated unto the cloning vector. (scribd.com)
- Human acetyl-CoA carboxylase: characterization, molecular cloning, and evidence for two isoforms. (pnas.org)
- You'll also find discussions on the health of genetically modified foods and the ethics behind cloning and human genetic engineering. (brighthub.com)
- The murine clone has 61% nucleotide identity with the human cDNA. (jimmunol.org)
- Molecular cloning and expression of cDNA encoding human macrophage C-type lectin. (jimmunol.org)
- A human macrophage calcium-dependent (C-type) lectin cDNA clone was obtained from a library derived from IL-2-treated peripheral blood monocytes. (jimmunol.org)
Proteins1
- Eggs harbor proteins that act as molecular motors that are key to spindle formation. (wired.com)
CDNA library2
- The insert from this clone, clone 17, was then used to screen an oligo-dT-primed Z210R.1 cDNA library made in λgt10, from which two other clones (2-1 and 1A) were isolated. (rupress.org)
- Although there is no stretch of polyA at the 3′ end of our clones, it is likely that the AATAAA sequence at nucleotides 1111-1116 represents a polyadenylation signal, since the clone containing it was isolated from an oligo-dT-primed cDNA library. (rupress.org)
Restriction sites1
- This method can also be used to add new restriction sites to a multiple cloning site. (wikipedia.org)
Amino acid residues2
- A cDNA for plaice metallothionein (MT) was cloned and the sequence for the first 45 amino acid residues was deduced. (stir.ac.uk)
- XlGSTM1-1 is composed of 219 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 25359Da. (portlandpress.com)