Climate. Medical search

The longterm manifestations of WEATHER. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Any significant change in measures of climate (such as temperature, precipitation, or wind) lasting for an extended period (decades or longer). It may result from natural factors such as changes in the sun's intensity, natural processes within the climate system such as changes in ocean circulation, or human activities.

The effect of GLOBAL WARMING and the resulting increase in world temperatures. The predicted health effects of such long-term climatic change include increased incidence of respiratory, water-borne, and vector-borne diseases.

A climate which is typical of equatorial and tropical regions, i.e., one with continually high temperatures with considerable precipitation, at least during part of the year. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A climate characterized by COLD TEMPERATURE for a majority of the time during the year.

Increase in the temperature of the atmosphere near the Earth's surface and in the troposphere, which can contribute to changes in global climate patterns.

A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Water particles that fall from the ATMOSPHERE.

Divisions of the year according to some regularly recurrent phenomena usually astronomical or climatic. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The gaseous envelope surrounding a planet or similar body. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches.

The science dealing with the earth and its life, especially the description of land, sea, and air and the distribution of plant and animal life, including humanity and human industries with reference to the mutual relations of these elements. (From Webster, 3d ed)

The state of the ATMOSPHERE over minutes to months.

The protection, preservation, restoration, and rational use of all resources in the total environment.

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

The pattern of any process, or the interrelationship of phenomena, which affects growth or change within a population.

A great expanse of continuous bodies of salt water which together cover more than 70 percent of the earth's surface. Seas may be partially or entirely enclosed by land, and are smaller than the five oceans (Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Antarctic).

A type of climate characterized by insufficient moisture to support appreciable plant life. It is a climate of extreme aridity, usually of extreme heat, and of negligible rainfall. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The Arctic Ocean and the lands in it and adjacent to it. It includes Point Barrow, Alaska, most of the Franklin District in Canada, two thirds of Greenland, Svalbard, Franz Josef Land, Lapland, Novaya Zemlya, and Northern Siberia. (Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p66)

A thick mass of ICE formed over large regions of land; RIVERS; LAKES; ponds; or SEAWATER.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of systems, processes, or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

The variety of all native living organisms and their various forms and interrelationships.

The ceasing of existence of a species or taxonomic groups of organisms.

Characteristic events occurring in the ATMOSPHERE during the interactions and transformation of various atmospheric components and conditions.

Frozen water crystals that fall from the ATMOSPHERE.

The science, art or practice of cultivating soil, producing crops, and raising livestock.

A measure of the amount of WATER VAPOR in the air.

The science of studying the characteristics of the atmosphere such as its temperature, density, winds, clouds, precipitation, and other atmospheric phenomena and aiming to account for the weather in terms of external influences and the basic laws of physics. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The prediction or projection of the nature of future problems or existing conditions based upon the extrapolation or interpretation of existing scientific data or by the application of scientific methodology.

Beliefs and values shared by all members of the organization. These shared values, which are subject to change, are reflected in the day to day management of the organization.

Adaptation to a new environment or to a change in the old.

The external elements and conditions which surround, influence, and affect the life and development of an organism or population.

Planned management, use, and preservation of energy resources.

Periodic movements of animals in response to seasonal changes or reproductive instinct. Hormonal changes are the trigger in at least some animals. Most migrations are made for reasons of climatic change, feeding, or breeding.

Cultivated plants or agricultural produce such as grain, vegetables, or fruit. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982)

The MEDITERRANEAN SEA, the MEDITERRANEAN ISLANDS, and the countries bordering on the sea collectively.

Planet that is the third in order from the sun. It is one of the four inner or terrestrial planets of the SOLAR SYSTEM.

El Nino-Southern Oscillation or ENSO is a cycle of extreme alternating warm El Niño and cold La Nina events which is the dominant year-to-year climate pattern on Earth. Both terms refer to large-scale changes in sea-surface temperature across the eastern tropical Pacific. ENSO is associated with a heightened risk of certain vector-borne diseases. (From http://www.elnino.noaa.gov/lanina_new_faq.html, accessed 5/12/2020)

The flow of water in enviromental bodies of water such as rivers, oceans, water supplies, aquariums, etc. It includes currents, tides, and waves.

Circulation of water among various ecological systems, in various states, on, above, and below the surface of the earth.

The period of history before 500 of the common era.

Sudden onset water phenomena with different speed of occurrence. These include flash floods, seasonal river floods, and coastal floods, associated with CYCLONIC STORMS; TIDALWAVES; and storm surges.

Activities performed by humans.

The science of the earth and other celestial bodies and their history as recorded in the rocks. It includes the study of geologic processes of an area such as rock formations, weathering and erosion, and sedimentation. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The inanimate matter of Earth, the structures and properties of this matter, and the processes that affect it.

A course of action or principle adopted or proposed by a government, party, business, or individual that concerns human interactions with nature and natural resources.

Number of individuals in a population relative to space.

The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants.

Increase, over a specific period of time, in the number of individuals living in a country or region.

Science dealing with the properties, distribution, and circulation of water on and below the earth's surface, and atmosphere.

Total mass of all the organisms of a given type and/or in a given area. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990) It includes the yield of vegetative mass produced from any given crop.

Non-native organisms brought into a region, habitat, or ECOSYSTEM by human activity.

Processes orchestrated or driven by a plethora of genes, plant hormones, and inherent biological timing mechanisms facilitated by secondary molecules, which result in the systematic transformation of plants and plant parts, from one stage of maturity to another.

The continent lying around the South Pole and the southern waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. It includes the Falkland Islands Dependencies. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p55)

The science of controlling or modifying those conditions, influences, or forces surrounding man which relate to promoting, establishing, and maintaining health.

The geographical area of Africa comprising BURUNDI; DJIBOUTI; ETHIOPIA; KENYA; RWANDA; SOMALIA; SUDAN; TANZANIA; and UGANDA.

Remains, impressions, or traces of animals or plants of past geological times which have been preserved in the earth's crust.

Warm-blooded VERTEBRATES possessing FEATHERS and belonging to the class Aves.

The collective name for the republics of ESTONIA; LATVIA; and LITHUANIA on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. (Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p111)

A vertical distance measured from a known level on the surface of a planet or other celestial body.

The atmospheric properties, characteristics and other atmospheric phenomena especially pertaining to WEATHER or CLIMATE.

Prolonged dry periods in natural climate cycle. They are slow-onset phenomena caused by rainfall deficit combined with other predisposing factors.

The production and movement of food items from point of origin to use or consumption.

A process by which animals in various forms and stages of development are physically distributed through time and space.

A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

A genus of deer, Rangifer, that inhabits the northern parts of Europe, Asia, and America. Caribou is the North American name; reindeer, the European. They are often domesticated and used, especially in Lapland, for drawing sleds and as a source of food. Rangifer is the only genus of the deer family in which both sexes are antlered. Most caribou inhabit arctic tundra and surrounding arboreal coniferous forests and most have seasonal shifts in migration. They are hunted extensively for their meat, skin, antlers, and other parts. (From Webster, 3d ed; Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1397)

An animal or plant species in danger of extinction. Causes can include human activity, changing climate, or change in predator/prey ratios.

A class in the phylum CNIDARIA, comprised mostly of corals and anemones. All members occur only as polyps; the medusa stage is completely absent.

Free-floating minute organisms that are photosynthetic. The term is non-taxonomic and refers to a lifestyle (energy utilization and motility), rather than a particular type of organism. Most, but not all, are unicellular algae. Important groups include DIATOMS; DINOFLAGELLATES; CYANOBACTERIA; CHLOROPHYTA; HAPTOPHYTA; CRYPTOMONADS; and silicoflagellates.

The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment.

Contamination of the air, bodies of water, or land with substances that are harmful to human health and the environment.

A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. Balm of Gilead is a common name more often referring to POPULUS and sometimes to COMMIPHORA.

Large natural streams of FRESH WATER formed by converging tributaries and which empty into a body of water (lake or ocean).

The study of the origin, structure, development, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of organisms which inhabit the OCEANS AND SEAS.

Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.

The science of developing, caring for, or cultivating forests.

Invertebrates or non-human vertebrates which transmit infective organisms from one host to another.

The salinated water of OCEANS AND SEAS that provides habitat for marine organisms.

The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.

The circulation of nitrogen in nature, consisting of a cycle of biochemical reactions in which atmospheric nitrogen is compounded, dissolved in rain, and deposited in the soil, where it is assimilated and metabolized by bacteria and plants, eventually returning to the atmosphere by bacterial decomposition of organic matter.

Creating a representation of areas of the earth or other celestial bodies, for the purpose of visualizing spatial distributions of various information.

A nonmetallic element with atomic symbol C, atomic number 6, and atomic weight [12.0096; 12.0116]. It may occur as several different allotropes including DIAMOND; CHARCOAL; and GRAPHITE; and as SOOT from incompletely burned fuel.

The sole family in the order Sphenisciformes, comprised of 17 species of penguins in six genera. They are flightless seabirds of the Southern Hemisphere, highly adapted for marine life.

The science that deals with the ocean and its phenomena. (Webster, 3d ed)

A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. They are evergreen trees mainly in temperate climates.

Events and activities of the Earth and its structures.

Branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and control of disease and disability, and the promotion of physical and mental health of the population on the international, national, state, or municipal level.

A field of study concerned with the principles and processes governing the geographic distributions of genealogical lineages, especially those within and among closely related species. (Avise, J.C., Phylogeography: The History and Formation of Species. Harvard University Press, 2000)

Stable oxygen atoms that have the same atomic number as the element oxygen, but differ in atomic weight. O-17 and 18 are stable oxygen isotopes.

The sequence of transfers of matter and energy from organism to organism in the form of FOOD. Food chains intertwine locally into a food web because most organisms consume more than one type of animal or plant. PLANTS, which convert SOLAR ENERGY to food by PHOTOSYNTHESIS, are the primary food source. In a predator chain, a plant-eating animal is eaten by a larger animal. In a parasite chain, a smaller organism consumes part of a larger host and may itself be parasitized by smaller organisms. In a saprophytic chain, microorganisms live on dead organic matter.

The condition in which reasonable knowledge regarding risks, benefits, or the future is not available.

The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.

The physiological processes, properties, and states characteristic of plants.

Environments or habitats at the interface between truly terrestrial ecosystems and truly aquatic systems making them different from each yet highly dependent on both. Adaptations to low soil oxygen characterize many wetland species.

Calamities producing great damage, loss of life, and distress. They include results of natural phenomena and man-made phenomena. Normal conditions of existence are disrupted and the level of impact exceeds the capacity of the hazard-affected community.

The cycle by which the element carbon is exchanged between organic matter and the earth's physical environment.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

The routing of water to open or closed areas where it is used for agricultural purposes.

A large family of narrow-leaved herbaceous grasses of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Food grains (EDIBLE GRAIN) come from members of this family. RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL can be induced by POLLEN of many of the grasses.

The ash, dust, gases, and lava released by volcanic explosion. The gases are volatile matter composed principally of about 90% water vapor, and carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen. The ash or dust is pyroclastic ejecta and lava is molten extrusive material consisting mainly of magnesium silicate. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The development of systems to prevent accidents, injuries, and other adverse occurrences in an institutional setting. The concept includes prevention or reduction of adverse events or incidents involving employees, patients, or facilities. Examples include plans to reduce injuries from falls or plans for fire safety to promote a safe institutional environment.

Minute free-floating animal organisms which live in practically all natural waters.

The solid substance formed by the FREEZING of water.

The motion of air relative to the earth's surface.

Statistical interpretation and description of a population with reference to distribution, composition, or structure.

A course or method of action selected, usually by a government, from among alternatives to guide and determine present and future decisions.

A group of conditions that develop due to overexposure or overexertion in excessive environmental heat.

Inland bodies of still or slowly moving FRESH WATER or salt water, larger than a pond, and supplied by RIVERS and streams.

Insects that transmit infective organisms from one host to another or from an inanimate reservoir to an animate host.

Changes in biological features that help an organism cope with its ENVIRONMENT. These changes include physiological (ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL), phenotypic and genetic changes.

A mass of organic or inorganic solid fragmented material, or the solid fragment itself, that comes from the weathering of rock and is carried by, suspended in, or dropped by air, water, or ice. It refers also to a mass that is accumulated by any other natural agent and that forms in layers on the earth's surface, such as sand, gravel, silt, mud, fill, or loess. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1689)

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The study of early forms of life through fossil remains.

A body of water covering approximately one-fifth of the total ocean area of the earth, extending amidst Africa in the west, Australia in the east, Asia in the north, and Antarctica in the south. Including the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, it constitutes the third largest ocean after the ATLANTIC OCEAN and the PACIFIC OCEAN. (New Encyclopaedia Britannica Micropaedia, 15th ed, 1990, p289)

Time period from 1401 through 1500 of the common era.

A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. They are evergreen, pyramidal trees with whorled branches and thin, scaly bark. Each of the linear, spirally arranged leaves is jointed near the stem on a separate woody base.

A plant genus of the family FAGACEAE that is a source of TANNINS. Do not confuse with Holly (ILEX).

Computer systems capable of assembling, storing, manipulating, and displaying geographically referenced information, i.e. data identified according to their locations.

The presence of contaminants or pollutant substances in the air (AIR POLLUTANTS) that interfere with human health or welfare, or produce other harmful environmental effects. The substances may include GASES; PARTICULATE MATTER; or volatile ORGANIC CHEMICALS.

Time period from 1601 through 1700 of the common era.

An order of amoeboid EUKARYOTES characterized by reticulating pseudopods and a complex life cycle with an alternation of generations. Most are less than 1mm in size and found in marine or brackish water.

Time period from 1701 through 1800 of the common era.

A plant genus of the family BETULACEAE. The tree has smooth, resinous, varicolored or white bark, marked by horizontal pores (lenticels), which usually peels horizontally in thin sheets.

Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.

The geographical area of Africa comprising ALGERIA; EGYPT; LIBYA; MOROCCO; and TUNISIA. It includes also the vast deserts and oases of the Sahara. It is often referred to as North Africa, French-speaking Africa, or the Maghreb. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p856)

The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).

A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta.

Techniques which study entities using their topological, geometric, or geographic properties and include the dimension of time in the analysis.

The total process by which organisms produce offspring. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Means or process of supplying water (as for a community) usually including reservoirs, tunnels, and pipelines and often the watershed from which the water is ultimately drawn. (Webster, 3d ed)

The distinctly human attributes and attainments of a particular society.

Water containing no significant amounts of salts, such as water from RIVERS and LAKES.

Time period from 1501 through 1600 of the common era.

The process whereby a society changes from a rural to an urban way of life. It refers also to the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas.

Any type of variation in the appearance of energy output of the sun. (NASA Thesaurus, 1994)

Places for cultivation and harvesting of fish, particularly in sea waters. (from McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Marine ridges composed of living CORALS, coral skeletons, calcareous algae, and other organisms, mixed with minerals and organic matter. They are found most commonly in tropical waters and support other animal and plant life.

An order of pelagic, shrimplike CRUSTACEA. Many consume ZOOPLANKTON and a few are predacious. Many antarctic species, such as Euphausia superba, constitute the chief food of other animals.

Computer-based representation of physical systems and phenomena such as chemical processes.

The smallest continent and an independent country, comprising six states and two territories. Its capital is Canberra.

The act of feeding on plants by animals.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

A former branch of knowledge embracing the study, description, and classification of natural objects (as animals, plants, and minerals) and thus including the modern sciences of zoology, botany, and mineralogy insofar as they existed at that time. In the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries it was much used for the generalized pursuit of certain areas of science. (Webster, 3d ed; from Dr. James H. Cassedy, NLM History of Medicine Division)

The spectrum of different living organisms inhabiting a particular region, habitat, or biotope.

Devices, manned and unmanned, which are designed to be placed into an orbit about the Earth or into a trajectory to another celestial body. (NASA Thesaurus, 1988)

The genus Lepus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Hares are born above ground, fully furred, and with their eyes and ears open. In contrast with RABBITS, hares have 24 chromosome pairs.

The geographical area of Africa comprising BENIN; BURKINA FASO; COTE D'IVOIRE; GAMBIA; GHANA; GUINEA; GUINEA-BISSAU; LIBERIA; MALI; MAURITANIA; NIGER; NIGERIA; SENEGAL; SIERRA LEONE; and TOGO.

Water waves caused by the gravitational interactions between the EARTH; MOON; and SUN.

A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A group of cold-blooded, aquatic vertebrates having gills, fins, a cartilaginous or bony endoskeleton, and elongated bodies covered with scales.

The heath plant family of the order Ericales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida that are generally shrubs or small trees. Leaves are alternate, simple, and leathery; flowers are symmetrical with a 4- or 5-parted corolla of partly fused petals.

High temperature weather exceeding the average and of several weeks duration. Extreme heat is a dangerous situation that can bring on health emergencies in susceptible people.

Instinctual behavior pattern in which food is obtained by killing and consuming other species.

The fertilizing element of plants that contains the male GAMETOPHYTES.

VERTEBRATES belonging to the class amphibia such as frogs, toads, newts and salamanders that live in a semiaquatic environment.

An area of water mostly surrounded by land, usually smaller than a gulf, and affording access to the sea.

A plant growing in a location where it is not wanted, often competing with cultivated plants.

The loss of water vapor by plants to the atmosphere. It occurs mainly from the leaves through pores (stomata) whose primary function is gas exchange. The water is replaced by a continuous column of water moving upwards from the roots within the xylem vessels. (Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

The dimension of the physical universe which, at a given place, orders the sequence of events. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A state in northeastern Australia. Its capital is Brisbane. Its coast was first visited by Captain Cook in 1770 and its first settlement (penal) was located on Moreton Bay in 1824. The name Cooksland was first proposed but honor to Queen Victoria prevailed. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p996 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p441)

Removal of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS or contaminants for the general protection of the environment. This is accomplished by various chemical, biological, and bulk movement methods, in conjunction with ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING.

The physical measurements of a body.

Any of several processes for the permanent or long-term artificial or natural capture or removal and storage of carbon dioxide and other forms of carbon, through biological, chemical or physical processes, in a manner that prevents it from being released into the atmosphere.

Celestial bodies orbiting around the sun or other stars.

Techniques used to determine the age of materials, based on the content and half-lives of the RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES they contain.

A plant genus of the family CUPRESSACEAE. The species are slow growing coniferous evergreen trees or shrubs.

An autonomous region located in central Asia, within China.

An island in the Malay Archipelago, east of Sumatra, north of Java, and west of Celebes. It is the third largest island in the world. Its name is a Portuguese alteration of BRUNEI, located on it. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p163; Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p73)

The reproductive organs of plants.

An independent state consisting of three islands in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Sicily. Its capital is Valetta. The major island is Malta, the two smaller islands are Comino and Gozo. It was a Phoenician and Carthaginian colony, captured by the Romans in 218 B.C. It was overrun by Saracens in 870, taken by the Normans in 1090, and subsequently held by the French and later the British who allotted them a dominion government in 1921. It became a crown colony in 1933, achieving independence in 1964. The name possibly comes from a pre-Indoeuropean root mel, high, referring to its rocks, but a more picturesque origin derives the name from the Greek melitta or melissa, honey, with reference to its early fame for its honey production. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p719 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p330)

Representations, normally to scale and on a flat medium, of a selection of material or abstract features on the surface of the earth, the heavens, or celestial bodies.

The scientific study of past societies through artifacts, fossils, etc.

An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm.

The period of history from the year 500 through 1450 of the common era.

Statistical formulations or analyses which, when applied to data and found to fit the data, are then used to verify the assumptions and parameters used in the analysis. Examples of statistical models are the linear model, binomial model, polynomial model, two-parameter model, etc.

Techniques which study entities using their topological, geometric, or geographic properties.

Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)

The quality or state of relating to or affecting two or more nations. (After Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary, 10th ed)

Any substance in the air which could, if present in high enough concentration, harm humans, animals, vegetation or material. Substances include GASES; PARTICULATE MATTER; and volatile ORGANIC CHEMICALS.

A species of fish in the cod family GADIDAE, known as the Atlantic cod. It is one of the most important commercial FISHES.

Organisms that live in water.

Irradiation directly from the sun.

The largest of the continents. It was known to the Romans more specifically as what we know today as Asia Minor. The name comes from at least two possible sources: from the Assyrian asu (to rise) or from the Sanskrit usa (dawn), both with reference to its being the land of the rising sun, i.e., eastern as opposed to Europe, to the west. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p82 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p34)

A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.

Slender-bodies diurnal insects having large, broad wings often strikingly colored and patterned.

Climatic and environmental patterns associated with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, Four Corners region, United States. (1/2516)

To investigate climatic, spatial, temporal, and environmental patterns associated with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) cases in the Four Corners region, we collected exposure site data for HPS cases that occurred in 1993 to 1995. Cases clustered seasonally and temporally by biome type and geographic location, and exposure sites were most often found in pinyon-juniper woodlands, grasslands, and Great Basin desert scrub lands, at elevations of 1,800 m to 2,500 m. Environmental factors (e.g., the dramatic increase in precipitation associated with the 1992 to 1993 El Nino) may indirectly increase the risk for Sin Nombre virus exposure and therefore may be of value in designing disease prevention campaigns. (+info)

Potential effects of gas hydrate on human welfare. (2/2516)

For almost 30 years. serious interest has been directed toward natural gas hydrate, a crystalline solid composed of water and methane, as a potential (i) energy resource, (ii) factor in global climate change, and (iii) submarine geohazard. Although each of these issues can affect human welfare, only (iii) is considered to be of immediate importance. Assessments of gas hydrate as an energy resource have often been overly optimistic, based in part on its very high methane content and on its worldwide occurrence in continental margins. Although these attributes are attractive, geologic settings, reservoir properties, and phase-equilibria considerations diminish the energy resource potential of natural gas hydrate. The possible role of gas hydrate in global climate change has been often overstated. Although methane is a "greenhouse" gas in the atmosphere, much methane from dissociated gas hydrate may never reach the atmosphere, but rather may be converted to carbon dioxide and sequestered by the hydrosphere/biosphere before reaching the atmosphere. Thus, methane from gas hydrate may have little opportunity to affect global climate change. However, submarine geohazards (such as sediment instabilities and slope failures on local and regional scales, leading to debris flows, slumps, slides, and possible tsunamis) caused by gas-hydrate dissociation are of immediate and increasing importance as humankind moves to exploit seabed resources in ever-deepening waters of coastal oceans. The vulnerability of gas hydrate to temperature and sea level changes enhances the instability of deep-water oceanic sediments, and thus human activities and installations in this setting can be affected. (+info)

Environmental variation shapes sexual dimorphism in red deer. (3/2516)

Sexual dimorphism results from dichotomous selection on male and female strategies of growth in relation to reproduction. In polygynous mammals, these strategies reflect sexual selection on males for access to females and competitive selection on females for access to food. Consequently, in such species, males display rapid early growth to large adult size, whereas females invest in condition and early sexual maturity at the expense of size. Hence, the magnitude of adult size dimorphism should be susceptible to divergence of the sexes in response to environmental factors differentially influencing their growth to reproduction. We show that divergent growth of male and female red deer after 32 years of winter warming and 15 years of contemporaneously earlier plant phenology support this prediction. In response to warmer climate during their early development, males grew more rapidly and increased in size, while female size declined. Conversely, females, but not males, responded to earlier plant phenology with increased investment in condition and earlier reproduction. Accordingly, adult size dimorphism increased in relation to warmer climate, whereas it declined in relation to forage quality. Thus, the evolutionary trajectories of growth related to reproduction in the sexes (i) originate from sexual and competitive selection, (ii) produce sexual size dimorphism, and (iii) are molded by environmental variation. (+info)

Deriving meteorological variables across Africa for the study and control of vector-borne disease: a comparison of remote sensing and spatial interpolation of climate. (4/2516)

This paper presents the results of an investigation into the utility of remote sensing (RS) using meteorological satellites sensors and spatial interpolation (SI) of data from meteorological stations, for the prediction of spatial variation in monthly climate across continental Africa in 1990. Information from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) polar-orbiting meteorological satellites was used to estimate land surface temperature (LST) and atmospheric moisture. Cold cloud duration (CCD) data derived from the High Resolution Radiometer (HRR) on-board the European Meteorological Satellite programme's (EUMETSAT) Meteosat satellite series were also used as a RS proxy measurement of rainfall. Temperature, atmospheric moisture and rainfall surfaces were independently derived from SI of measurements from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) member stations of Africa. These meteorological station data were then used to test the accuracy of each methodology, so that the appropriateness of the two techniques for epidemiological research could be compared. SI was a more accurate predictor of temperature, whereas RS provided a better surrogate for rainfall; both were equally accurate at predicting atmospheric moisture. The implications of these results for mapping short and long-term climate change and hence their potential for the study and control of disease vectors are considered. Taking into account logistic and analytical problems, there were no clear conclusions regarding the optimality of either technique, but there was considerable potential for synergy. (+info)

Towards a kala azar risk map for Sudan: mapping the potential distribution of Phlebotomus orientalis using digital data of environmental variables. (5/2516)

The need to define the geographical distribution of Phlebotomus orientalis results from its importance as the dominant vector of kala azar (visceral Iceishmaniasis) in Sudan. Recent epidermics of this disease in southern and eastern Sudan caused an estimated 100000 deaths and have renewed the impetus for defining the ecological boundaries of the vector. This information is an essential prerequisite to the production of a risk map for kala azar. This study uses data on the presence and absence of P. orientalis from 44 collecting sites across the central belt of Sudan. A logistic regression model was used to estimate the probability of the presence of P. orientalis at each collecting site as a function of climatic and environmental variables (rainfall; temperature; altitude; soil type and the satellite-derived environmental proxies - Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Land Surface Temperature). The logistic regression model indicates mean annual maximum daily temperature and soil type as the most important ecological determinants of P. orientalis distribution. An initial risk map was created in a raster-based geographical information system which delineates the area where P. orientalis may occur. This map was then refined using a mask layer indicating the known rainfall-based boundaries of the distribution of Acacia-Balanites woodland - a woodland type known to be associated with the distribution of this vector. The predictive performance of the risk map is discussed. (+info)

An integrated assessment framework for climate change and infectious diseases. (6/2516)

Many potential human health effects have been hypothesized to result either directly or indirectly from global climate change. Changes in the prevalence and spread of infectious diseases are some of the most widely cited potential effects of climate change, and could have significant consequences for human health as well as economic and societal impacts. These changes in disease incidence would be mediated through biologic, ecologic, sociologic, and epidemiologic processes that interact with each other and which may themselves be influenced by climate change. Although hypothesized infectious disease effects have been widely discussed, there have not yet been thorough quantitative studies addressing the many processes at work. In part this is because of the complexity of the many indirect and feedback interactions or mechanisms that bear on all aspects of the climate issue. It also results from the difficulty of including the multitude of always-changing determinants of these diseases. This paper proposes a framework for an integrated assessment of the impacts of climate change on infectious diseases. The framework allows identification of potentially important indirect interactions or mechanisms, identification of important research gaps, and a means of integrating targeted research from a variety of disciplines into an enhanced understanding of the whole system. (+info)

Malaria reemergence in the Peruvian Amazon region. (7/2516)

Epidemic malaria has rapidly emerged in Loreto Department, in the Peruvian Amazon region. Peru reports the second highest number of malaria cases in South America (after Brazil), most from Loreto. From 1992 to 1997, malaria increased 50-fold in Loreto but only fourfold in Peru. Plasmodium falciparum infection, which has increased at a faster rate than P. vivax infection in the last 3 years, became the dominant Plasmodium infection in the highest transmission areas in the 1997 rainy season. The vector Anopheles darlingi has also increased during this epidemic in Loreto. Moreover, chloroquine and pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine drug-resistant P. falciparum strains have emerged, which require development of efficacious focal drug treatment schemes. (+info)

Public health consequences of global climate change in the United States--some regions may suffer disproportionately. (8/2516)

Current risk assessments of the likely regional health impacts of global climate change (GCC) are hindered by two factors. First, dose-response relationships between weather parameters and many of the likely health effects have not been developed, and second, reliable estimates of future regional climates across the United States are still beyond the scope of current modeling efforts. Consequently, probabilistic risk estimates of most of the likely regional health impacts of GCC have such a high degree of uncertainty that their usefulness to health officials dealing with regional issues is very limited. With the numerous pressures on today's health care systems, it is understandable that the possible consequences of GCC have received scant attention from regional health care decision makers. Indeed, the consensus among this community appears to be that any increases in health effects associated with GCC will be easily handled by the current health care system. However, such a position may be naive as the potential exists that an unequal distribution of such effects could overwhelm some regions, whereas others may feel little or no impact. This review of the likely regional impacts of GCC has been structured as a semianalytical look at this issue of distributional effects. Because of the lack of dose-response information and reliable estimates of future regional climates, however, it takes a historical perspective. That is, it assumes that the quality and quantity of health risks a region faces under GCC will be directly related to its recent history of health risks from warm weather/climate-related diseases as well as to the size, characteristics, and distribution of the sensitive subpopulations currently residing within its borders. The approach is semiquantitative; however, it uses national data gathered on a regional level and as such should only be used to generate a hypothesis rather than test it. When applied to the United States, its outcome leads to the hypothesis that if indeed history repeats itself, some states or regions may be more greatly affected by GCC than others, not only because historically they are more prone to summer weather/climate-related diseases, but also because they contain a greater proportion of the sensitive subpopulations in the United States. (+info)

... is twinned with: Wuhan Chalcis has a mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa), closely bordering a ... "ATHENS (NAT.OBS.) Climate". Weather.gr. Retrieved 13 January 2018. "Eubœia" , Encyclopædia Britannica, 8 (9th ed.), 1878, pp. ... semi-arid climate with hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters. List of Catholic dioceses in Greece "Απογραφή Πληθυσμού - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalcis

... the park experiences a more mild climate than Banff. Based on the climate and geography, the park has been divided into ... An emerging drier climate, and forest fires, are resulting in the Interior Douglas-fir biogeoclimatic zone expanding into the ... The park experiences a continental climate which is characterized by brief, cool summers and long snowy winters, but is ... B.D. Walker and P.L. Achuff (1984). "Climate". Ecological Land Classification of Kootenay National Park, British Columbia. I: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kootenay_National_Park

Most of the central portion of the country experiences a cool, temperate climate year-round. In the south, a hot, humid climate ... In the severe climate of the north, there is only about 40 millimetres (1.6 in) of annual precipitation-primarily snow. In the ... The climate is humid and subtropical in the southern plains and foothills, temperate in the inner Himalayan valleys of the ... Climate. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.CS1 maint: postscript (link) Robert L. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Bhutan

"Climate". www.metoffice.gov.tt. Retrieved 2020-03-18. "Tobago's Reefs - Buccoo Reef Trust". Retrieved 2020-03-18. Hassanali, ... "Tobago's coral bleaching alert makes it clear there is 'no alternative' to fighting the climate crisis · Global Voices". Global ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buccoo_Reef

By Köppen climate classification, the flatter parts of eastern Austria has a warm temperate humid climate (Cfb), the west and ... "Climate". Austria. Retrieved 2020-10-26. "Southern Europe: The Alps of northern Italy, southern France, Switzerland, and ... central foothills have a humid snow climate (Dfb), and the mountainous areas are classified as subarctic (Dfc), tundra (ET), or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_Austria

... climate; agriculture and commercial products; geology, zoology, and botany; mineralogy, mines, and mining processes; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Dog,_California

The climate of Arantina is characterized, according to the IBGE, as tropical (type Cwb according to the Köppen climate ... "World Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification". Retrieved 22 July 2013. "Climate". Brazilian Government (in Portuguese ... "Brazil - Climates". IBGE Library (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 22 July 2013. " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arantina

... has a tropical wet and dry climate with hot, dry summers and mild to cool winters. Summer lasts from March to June, ... "Climate". Government of Maharashtra. Archived from the original on 14 June 2011. Retrieved 30 March 2020. "Microsoft Word - CSP ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amravati

"Climate". Canadian Climate Normals 1981−2010. Environment Canada. Retrieved 17 July 2016. "Daily Data Report for January 1930 ... Meadow Lake experiences a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc) that falls just short of being classified as a ... "Meadow Lake 2". Canadian Climate Data. Environment Canada. Retrieved 17 July 2016. "Meadow Lake". Canadian Climate Data. ... "Canadian Climate Normals 1971-2000". Environment Canada. Retrieved 2009-09-06. "2016 Census Profile". Statistics Canada. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meadow_Lake,_Saskatchewan

Stewart, Alex; Alexander Stewart (2004). "Climate". Kilimanjaro: A Trekker's Guide. Cicerone Press Limited. ISBN 1-85284-413-2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disa_stairsii

... climate; volcanoes; relationships among plants, animals, and mankind; evolution; and the beauty of nature. In the second part, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmos_(Humboldt_book)

The mountain blanket bogs formed around 4,000 years ago as a result of a combination of climate change and human activity. ... A change in the climate to wetter and milder weather left the ground waterlogged and leached nutrients from the soil, leading ... "Climate". Wicklow Mountains National Park. National Parks and Wildlife Service. Retrieved 6 July 2011. Nairn & Crowley 1998, p ... In common with the rest of Ireland, the Wicklow Mountains experience a temperate oceanic climate with mild, damp summers and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wicklow_Mountains

The climate of the city is characterized as a humid subtropical climate with seasonal monsoons with ample rainfall evenly ... "Climate". Central Weather Bureau. Archived from the original on 12 June 2017. Retrieved 17 August 2014. 臺灣地區鄉鎮市區級以上行政區域

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Taipei_City

Climate. 6 (4): 88. doi:10.3390/cli6040088. Danielson, M.; Ekenberg, L.; Ekengren, A.; Hökby, T.; Lidén, J. (2008). "Decision ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DecideIT

Housing discrimination has led to climate differences between neighborhoods. A study found that formerly redlined neighborhoods ... Climate. 8 (1): 12. doi:10.3390/cli8010012. Shindell, Drew; Zhang, Yuqiang; Scott, Melissa; Ru, Muye; Stark, Krista; Ebi, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housing_discrimination_in_the_United_States

"Climate". en.chinaculture.org. Retrieved 2018-12-19. Extreme Temperatures Around the World - world highest lowest temperatures ... Missing or empty ,title= (help) "The 6 climate zones of China". ClimateList. Retrieved 2018-12-19. Krishna, K. R. (2015-01-28 ... is one of the few locations in China with a subarctic climate (Köppen Dwc),) with long, severe winters, and short, warm summers ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohe_City

As a greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere speeds up the effects of climate change. As automobile use increases ... The flat topography and temperate climate of the Netherlands benefits active mobility, which has been supported by government ... Brand, Christian (2021). "The climate change mitigation effects of daily active travel in cities". doi:10.1016/j.trd. ... Cite journal requires ,journal= (help) Brand, Christian (2021). "The climate change mitigation impacts of active travel: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_mobility

The province has a monsoonal climate, with a cool season from November to March, a hot season from March to May, and a rainy ... "Climate". Tourism of Cambodia. 2007. Retrieved June 18, 2008. "SEA-USER News". Archived from the original on 2011-07-28. " ... "Welcome". cnm.gov.kh.[permanent dead link] "Cambodia: Changing Climate Leads to Increase in Malaria and Other Diseases". Oxfam ... this increase has been attributed to changes in climate. Malaria is hyperendemic in Kratié's forests. The provincial infant ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratié_Province

"Climate". CHELSA climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas (Version 1.1). World Data Center for ... Climate (WDCC) at DKRZ. doi:10.1594/wdcc/chelsa_v1_1. Panagos, Panos; Liedekerke, Marc Van; Jones, Arwyn; Montanarella, Luca ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GIS_data_sources

Under the Köppen climate classification, Aloor features a tropical monsoon climate. The region lies in the southwestern coastal ... "Climate". Kerala Government. Archived from the original on 8 February 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2010. CS1 maint: discouraged ... state of Kerala, resulting in a tropical climate; there are only minor differences in temperatures between day and night, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloor,_Kerala

"Ventnor Climate". YR.NO. Retrieved 9 November 2011. "St Catherines Pt. Climate". UK Meteorological Office. Retrieved 11 April ... The climate and habitats in Ventnor support species that are rare in the UK, including some that are particularly associated ... "Ventnor's special micro-climate is helping to secure national stocks of a plant belonging to the Pineapple family". Isle of ... Ventnor and the Isle of Wight have a maritime climate with cool summers and mild winters. The Met Office maintains a weather ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventnor

"Australian Climate Averages - Climate classifications". www.bom.gov.au. "Climate statistics for 'GEELONG SEC' 1870-1970". ... "Weather/Climate/Light". Film Geelong website. Archived from the original on 1 November 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-24. "Climate". ... It has a temperate oceanic climate (Cfb in the Köppen climate classification) with dominant westerly winds, variable clouds, ... "Climate Averages for AVALON AIRPORT". Bureau of Meteorology website. Retrieved 25 December 2007. "vic_aarf.gif (640x600 pixels ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geelong

Hittell, John Shertzer (1869). The resources of California: comprising agriculture, mining, geography, climate, &c., and the ... The natural wealth of California: comprising early history; geography, topography, and scenery; climate; agriculture and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweetland,_California

However, the climate of the Gobi is one of great extremes, combined with rapid changes of temperature of as much as 35 °C (63 ° ... "Climate". The Gobi Desert. B Ford, Too Big to Walk (London 2018) p. 216 Keqin, Gao; Norell, Mark A. (2000-03-01). "Taxonomic ... This is mostly due to the climate conditions before the growing season, which influence the rate of evapotranspiration and ... The Gobi, broadly defined, can be divided into five distinct dry ecoregions, based on variations in climate and topography: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gobi_Desert

Global climate change: Increased seasonal rainstorms (various extreme weather effects). Cities in Niger have poor planning and ... Roudier, P.; Ducharne, A.; Feyen, L. (2014-07-31). "Climate change impacts on runoff in West Africa: a review". Hydrology and ... Assessing the effects of urban development and climate change on flooding in the Greater Port-Harcourt watershed, Niger Delta, ... Climate. 6 (3): 59. doi:10.3390/cli6030059. ISSN 2225-1154. "Lester, Maya Elizabeth Jane, (born 22 Aug. 1974), QC 2016", Who's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Niger_flood

World Climate. Lemolo Lake 3 NNW Weather Station. Retrieved 8 July 2011. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) "Lemolo Lake ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemolo_Lake

Climate change mitigation Climate change mitigation scenarios Energy modeling Energy Modeling Forum, and in particular EMF22 ... The DDPP rejects an incrementalist approach to climate protection. Instead, meeting the climate change mitigation challenge (as ... Gillis, Justin (1 December 2015). "A Path Beyond the Paris Climate Change Conference". The New York Times. Retrieved 2015-12-01 ... Climate Policy. 16 (S1): S1-S6. doi:10.1080/14693062.2016.1179620. The PDF is open access. Pye, Steve; Bataille, Chris (2016 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Decarbonization_Pathways_Project

Under the Köppen climate classification Goryachy Klyuch has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa). The rainfall is significant ... "Climate-data". Retrieved October 14, 2013. "Climatebase". Retrieved June 9, 2012. Управление по взаимодействию с органами ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goryachy_Klyuch,_Krasnodar_Krai

... creating the new Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency. Australia portal Global Warming portal Climate change in ... Following the 2007 federal election, the functions of AGO were split between the new Department of Climate Change and the ... "Climate Australia". Retrieved 19 February 2021. Official website Archive v t e v t e. ... managed Australia's response to climate change, and provided government-sanctioned information to the public. Writer Guy Pearse ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Greenhouse_Office

The Samian climate is typically Mediterranean, with mild rainy winters, and warm rainless summers. Samos' relief is dominated ... "Samos Climate". Hellenic National Meteorological Service. Archived from the original on 19 December 2011. Retrieved 15 October ... Samos has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csa), with mild winters and hot summers. In classical antiquity, the island was a ... "Climate Data for Samos". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 15 October 2012. "Samos (island, Greece) - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samos

... providing clear information to help people make sound decisions about the climate. ... Climate Central bridges the scientific community and the public, ... Climate Science Data-driven research and reporting that makes ... Members of the Climate Central staff and board are among the most respected leaders in climate science. Staff members are ... Climate Central surveys and conducts scientific research on climate change and informs the public of key findings. Our ...

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... is one of the key summits in the international calendar and has been driving climate action forward since it ... About The Climate Group. The Climate Groups mission is to accelerate climate action to achieve a world of under 2°C of global ... About Climate Week NYC. Climate Week NYC is the time and place where the world gathers to showcase amazing climate action and ... Climate Week NYC Media Portal This year we have introduced a Climate Week Media Portal - you can log in here to find all the ...

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Debate around climate change frequently hinges on religion, particularly Evangelicalism. To many scientists and scholars, ... How climate change became a question of faith Debate around climate change frequently hinges on religion, particularly ... Citing analysis from thousands of studies, the nations climate assessment offers not just a dire warning about what climate ... Test your knowledge Climate change: Is your opinion informed by science? Take our quiz! By Bryan Cronan Staff writer ...

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Current news and data streams about global warming and climate change from NASA. ... Play and Learn: Climate Kids NASAs Climate Kids website brings the exciting science of climate change and sustainability to ... Climate Time Machine Travel through Earths recent climate history and see how increasing carbon dioxide, global temperature ... What is Climate Change?. Evidence. How do we know climate change is real? ...

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Climate change Changes in the earths climate are having substantial effects on forest ecosystems and may reduce the ability of ... Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science. The Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science develops synthesis products, ... NIACS leads the USDA Northern Forests Climate Hub, which part of the broader network of USDA Climate Hubs ...

https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/niacs/

About the Northern Forests Climate Hub. The Northern Forests Climate Hub assists natural resource managers, woodland owners, ... Tools to help professionals consider the potential effects of climate change on forests, and to design actions that can help ... Private land owners and can respond to the risks of climate change on their lands. Many resources describing practices that ... More and more educational resources are coming avaiable as people try to better understand climate change and how it could ...

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The Forest Service & Climate Change. U.S. Forest Service Chief Tom Tidwell. Climate change is one of the great challenges of ... Many of you already know a lot about climate change and are familiar with the concepts and consequences. For some of you, this ... Message from U.S. Forest Service: One of the most significant issues the Forest Service faces is the effects of climate change ...

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Climate models[edit]. See also: Climate model and Climatology. Climate models use quantitative methods to simulate the ... Climate models are mathematical models of past, present and future climates. Climate change may occur over long and short ... Climate in a wider sense is the state, including a statistical description, of the climate system.[9] ... "Climate". Glossary of Meteorology. American Meteorological Society. Retrieved 2008-05-14.. *^ "Climate averages". Met Office. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climates

Broadcasting September 16-17, we will be exploring 24 reasons to be hopeful about solving the climate crisis. Go to ... and help us ensure that progress is our new reality by signing up to dedicate a day for climate action in the next year. http ... the fourth annual live-streaming multimedia event dedicated to sparking action on climate change. ... Dedicate a day for Climate Action Join us for 24 Hours of Reality, the fourth annual live-streaming multimedia event dedicated ...

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... Science Methods That Survived for Centuries. Observing the climate is sometimes as easy as paying attention to whats ... Senators Balk at Climate Change Cash, Citing Palestine. Senators say United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ... Climate Change Bad for Our Health. By reducing food availability, climate change could kill 500,000 by 2050 ... South Florida Mayors Ask Rubio, Bush for Climate Action. South Florida Mayors ask Marco Rubio for help on climate change ...

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... is dedicated to publishing the most significant research across the physical and social sciences on the ... impacts of global climate change and its implications for the economy, policy and the world at large. ... Climate and epidemiological models estimate that reducing aerosols in a warmer climate can enhance atmospheric ventilation, ... Nature Climate Change is making changes to our article formats to streamline our content and more clearly denote original ...

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The Office of Website Management, Bureau of Public Affairs, manages this site as a portal for information from the U.S. State Department.External links to other Internet sites should not be construed as an endorsement of the views or privacy policies contained therein.Note: documents in Portable Document Format (PDF) require Adobe Acrobat Reader 5.0 or higher to view, download Adobe Acrobat Reader. ...

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... is dedicated to publishing the most significant research across the physical and social sciences on the ... impacts of global climate change and its implications for the economy, policy and the world at large. ... Climate change beliefs and perceptions Belief in climate change is shaped by complex factors. See research on how political ... Climate connections The climate crisis highlights just how connected the world is. But understanding the changes cascading ...

https://www.nature.com/nclimate/?type=outline&error=cookies_not_supported&code=df34e696-5775-4920-ba06-bcd8d44e8a32

Climate restoration enhances legacy climate goals (stabilizing earths climate) to include ensuring the survival of humanity by ... Worldward Foundation for Climate Restoration Global Coalition for Climate Restoration Lindsey, Rebecca (2020-08-14). "Climate ... "limit the magnitude or rate of long-term climate change". Advocates of climate restoration accept that climate change has ... Play media Climate restoration is the climate change goal and associated actions to restore CO 2 to levels humans have survived ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_restoration

These include humid subtropical climate, Mediterranean climate, oceanic, and continental climate. These are the climates that ... Subpolar oceanic climates are less prone to temperature extremes than subarctic climates or continental climates, featuring ... "Latitude & Climate Zones". The Environmental Literacy Council. Retrieved 15 July 2017. "Patterns of Climate". Weather-climate. ... tundra and ice cap climate). Areas with subpolar oceanic climates feature an oceanic climate but are usually located closer to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_climate

Learn how the climate crisis impacts our health, our weather, our food supply, and our coastal cities - and what we can do to ... Climate Crisis. Learn how the climate crisis impacts our health, our weather, our food supply, and our coastal cities - and ... To Fight Climate Change, We May Have to Return to the Age of Airships ... Red Meat May Not Be as Bad for the Climate as We Thought (But its Still Bad) ...

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These gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, warm and alter the global climate, which causes environmental changes to occur ... Climate change is the result of the buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, primarily from the burning of fossil fuels ... Climate change is affecting the health of Americans1. As the climate continues to change, the risks to human health will grow, ... Climate Change and Human Health - The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) considers climate change to be one of ...

https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/climate-change/index.cfm

This includes climatology, climate change impacts, climate change management, climate change policy, regional climate studies, ... Springer Climate is an interdisciplinary book series dedicated to climate research. ... This includes climatology, climate change impacts, climate change management, climate change policy, regional climate studies, ... Springer Climate is an interdisciplinary book series dedicated to climate research. ...

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Climate Change FAQs Use this guide to have the best information at hand about the urgent challenge of climate change and how we ... Natural Climate Solutions Science tells us that nature can provide more than one-third of the emissions reductions we need ... Climate Action We are building broad-based support and developing solutions to reduce emissions and sequester carbon through ... There is no greater threat to the future of the planet or to the mission of The Nature Conservancy than climate change, and it ...

https://www.nature.org/en-us/about-us/where-we-work/united-states/nevada/stories-in-nevada/climate-action/

... is any significant change in climate lasting for an extended period of time. Climate change includes major ... Top 10 Tips to Tackle Climate Change. 1. Learn about climate change science, impacts, and solutions. ... Climate Change Audit. Eco-Schools USAs School-Based Carbon Calculator worksheet allows students to enter data from the ... Climate Change Audit. Eco-Schools USAs School-Based Carbon Calculator worksheet allows students to enter data from the ...

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375 members of National Academy of Sciences pen open letter on the "serious risks of climate change". *by Lacy Cooke ... Leonardo DiCaprio says climate action is Americas "biggest economic opportunity". *by Lacy Cooke ... If youve been thinking there should be a march for climate action after the success of the Womens March on... ... In the face of those who continue to deny climate change, 375 leading scientists who are members of the National... ...

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To plot your own charts or maps of various climate data for particular areas across the country, try using NCDCs U.S. Climate ... The Climate Prediction Center (CPC) also has many types of available data. Take a look at their Monitoring and Data Index page. ... During periods where there is a neutral phase of El Niño or La Niña events and related climate impacts are less evident with ... There are many other types of specific climate data from the various products listed on the left selection menu with this tool ...

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The Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change seems to have had enough of your bullshit and there are no words minced in its ... IPCC found: Warming of climate is unequivocal with many of the observed changes unprecedented over decades to millennia; The ... a group of Iowa scientists popped by the state capitol here a couple of weeks ago to talk about the effects of climate change ... but we would not blame climate change, not in the real sense of actually doing anything about it. Anyway, youve now got smart ...

https://www.esquire.com/news-politics/politics/a21914/iowa-and-the-climate/

"Работа со СМИ Светлана Максимченко, главный редактор, «Акция масс-медиа» Национальная климатическая школа «Climate Campus», 15 ... Спасибо! Светлана Максимченко Climate Campus * 17. Хотите поговорить об этом? [email protected] + 7 916 613 57 57 Светлана ... Climate Campus * 1. Работа со СМИ Светлана Максимченко, главный редактор, «Акция масс-медиа» Национальная климатическая школа « ... 8. Светлана Максимченко Climate Campus * 9. Пресс-релиз Здравствуйте, Игорь! Меня зовут Мария и я самый ярый поклонник журнала ...

https://www.slideshare.net/kyara/climate-campus-2241112

w20598 Climate and Conflict. Auffhammer, Hsiang, Schlenker, and Sobel. w19087 Using Weather Data and Climate Model Output in ... Climate Econometrics. Solomon M. Hsiang. NBER Working Paper No. 22181. Issued in April 2016. NBER Program(s):Development ... "Climate Econometrics," Annual Review of Resource Economics, vol 8(1).. Users who downloaded this paper also downloaded* these: ... Here, I review, synthesize, and interpret recent advances in methods used to measure effects of climate on social and economic ...

https://www.nber.org/papers/w22181

Climate for Learning Survey. In 2009, the Climate for Learning Survey was administered to undergraduate, graduate and first- ... Initial Efforts to Evaluate the Social and Academic Climate. The Universitys first efforts to assess the social and academic ... The 2004 Campus Climate Survey assessed how comfortable students were working and interacting with diverse student groups, ... professional students in an effort to assess the academic and social climate on campus. The 63-item questionnaire was the ...

http://www.uky.edu/IRPE/students/surveys/climate.html

Climate solution. From Jessica Cadzow-Collins I was struck by the links between the article about large-scale seawater ...

https://www.newscientist.com/letter/mg21829211-100-climate-solution/

Climate Change. EPAs climate change website is back, with more content to come. Please return in the coming weeks as we add ... EJSCREEN and Climate EPAs environmental justice mapping and screening tool now includes climate parameters on sea-level rise ... Explore Climate Indicators. EPAs indicators use the best available observed data to show how the climate is changing. ... EPA is restoring the role of science in addressing the climate crisis. El sitio web de la EPA sobre el cambio climático en ...

https://www.epa.gov/climate-change

Helping to raise the alarm about the climate emergency and slash greenhouse emissions in Sutherland Shire and across New South ... Sutherland Climate Action Network helps raise awareness about climate change and promotes strong action to reduce greenhouse ... Climate change is the biggest issue facing humanity. But what can one person do?. ... superannuation and electricity providers to cut funding for climate change.. Last year the Rockefeller Fund, Australian ...

https://sites.google.com/site/sutherlandcan/

January 28, 2020 - During this year's Christmas Bird Count on Key West, the impacts of climate change were impossible to ignore. (audubon.org)
The impacts of climate change will magnify these pressures and accelerate coastal erosion. (globalsecurity.org)
Most of the country s tourism plant is in its coastal habitat, making the product extremely vulnerable to the impacts of Climate Change. (globalsecurity.org)
The impacts of Climate Change can impact the country s famed Queen Conch and the Spiny Lobster. (globalsecurity.org)
While Small Islands Developing States (SIDS), including TCI, contributes less than 1% to Global Green House Gas Emissions, they bear the greatest burden to the multiple impacts of Climate Change. (globalsecurity.org)
The impacts of climate change are particularly devastating for poor and vulnerable people especially dependent on their environment and natural resources for sustainable development. (iucn.org)
By 2050, according to the World Bank's recently launched "Groundswell: Preparing for Internal Climate Migration" report, more than 143 million people in three regions , Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, and South Asia, could be forced to move within their own countries to escape the slow-onset impacts of climate change, such as water stress and crop failure. (worldbank.org)
In its summary report on the impacts of climate change, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change stated, "Taken as a whole, the range of published evidence indicates that the net damage costs of climate change are likely to be significant and to increase over time. (nasa.gov)
For specific information on the projected impacts of climate change in the United States, see the National Assessment Report by the U.S. Global Change Research Program. (nasa.gov)
We're winning, but we must move faster still to avoid the worst impacts of climate change. (greenpeace.org)
In today's environment, businesses can no longer ignore the physical, market and regulatory impacts of climate change. (ey.com)

The Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change seems to have had enough of your bullshit and there are no words minced in its latest warning to us all. (esquire.com)
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (nasa.gov)
Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (nasa.gov)
Lomborg also misrepresents some conclusions of the U.N.'s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change . (washingtonpost.com)

The president is embracing climate change deniers so hardcore it would be comical if it weren't tragic. (newsweek.com)

May 14, 2020 - A new regional project, Climate Adaptation and Resilience for South Asia, will help make agriculture, transport, and other pandemic-ravaged sectors more resilient to climate change. (worldbank.org)
May 12, 2020 - The World Bank Board approved a $39.5 million project to help South Asia build resilience to climate threats by sharing regional knowledge, developing regional standards and guidelines for infrastructure, and promoting climate adaptation policies. (worldbank.org)

December 12, 2019 - In Audubon's first foray into climate fiction, or cli-fi, we asked writers of compelling-and sometimes strange-fiction to imagine what climate chaos will bring for birds and people. (audubon.org)
As 2019 comes to a close, Congress has one more chance to pass legislation that will help fight climate change. (audubon.org)
Nov. 11, 2019 - The World Bank's South Asia Regional Climate Adaptation and Resilience Program (SARCAR) is equipping governments with data and evidence to tackle climate change threats. (worldbank.org)

CP covers all temporal scales of climate change and variability, from geological time through to multidecadal studies of the last century. (climate-of-the-past.net)
Climate in a narrow sense is usually defined as the "average weather," or more rigorously, as the statistical description in terms of the mean and variability of relevant quantities over a period ranging from months to thousands or millions of years. (wikipedia.org)
Model ensembles show that the observed trend can arise from internal variability but their gradient weakens in the long term, causing more climate warming. (nature.com)
You should also keep in mind that other factors may influence the large-scale circulations and weather patterns, contributing to the climate variability for a particular period. (weather.gov)
During periods where there is a neutral phase of El Niño or La Niña events and related climate impacts are less evident with potentially more average conditions, other smaller scale examples of climate variability including the AO become more significant in providing outlooks for future conditions. (weather.gov)
One of the greatest impacts of climate variability and climate change occurs through changes in the frequency and severity of extreme events. (bom.gov.au)
The Copernicus Climate Change service aims to respond to environmental and societal challenges associated with climate variability and anthropogenic climate change. (esa.int)
This page is produced with the support of Managing Climate Variability - a consortium of primary industry research and development corporations. (bom.gov.au)
After harmonizing statistical specifications and standardizing estimated effect sizes within each conflict category, we carry out a hierarchical meta-analysis that allows us to estimate the mean effect of climate variation on conflict outcomes as well as to quantify the degree of variability in this effect size across studies. (nber.org)

Some of the leading figures from the world of business will also come together to make a series of announcements and commitments in an urgent bid to accelerate climate action and achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. (climateweeknyc.org)
Through our ground breaking OneNYC strategy and our ambitious 1.5˚C Plan, we've committed our city to hit the highest goals of the Paris climate agreement. (climateweeknyc.org)
The Trump administration tried to remove the phrase "climate change" from an international statement on Arctic policy while Senate Republicans refused to take up a bill on the Paris climate agreement. (newsweek.com)
What Paris Climate Deal? (newsweek.com)
Was The Paris Climate Deal A Success? (newsweek.com)
In Paris, the climate conference tackles another global threat. (newsweek.com)
John Kerry, one of the leading architects of the Paris climate agreement, is getting one more chance to lead the fight against climate change after President-elect Joe Biden named the longtime senator and former secretary of state as climate envoy for national security. (ap.org)
WASHINGTON (AP) - President Donald Trump railed against the Paris climate accord on Sunday, telling world leaders at a virtual summit that the agreement was designed to cripple the U.S. economy, not save the planet. (ap.org)
And nations around the world are committed to delivering on a landmark global plan to curb climate change, known as the Paris Agreement . (worldwildlife.org)
There is still a gap between what countries pledged to do in the Paris Agreement and what scientists say is needed to avert climate catastrophe. (worldwildlife.org)
The Paris Agreement is the world's collective response to addressing climate change in the years to come. (worldwildlife.org)
1. The Paris Climate Conference (COP21)  France will host the 21st United Nations Climate Conference (COP21 Paris) on Nov30- Dec11, 2015, in Paris. (slideshare.net)
5 billion After the United States withdrew from the Paris climate agreement, we responded by issuing a US$1 billion green bond for environmental projects, bringing our total commitment to US$2.5 billion. (apple.com)
At the 2015 UN Climate Change Conference, delegates from 196 countries signed the Paris Agreement aimed at reducing carbon emissions and thus halting the destructive effects of global warming. (huffingtonpost.com)
The Paris agreement is significant in terms of politics and economics, but religious leaders have also voiced support of the agreement, and clearly a move is underway to make climate change and environmental responsibility an integral part of contemporary religious life and practice. (huffingtonpost.com)
In the buildup to the November 30-December 11 United Nations climate summit in Paris (21st Conference of the Parties: COP21), climate alarmists are determined to end intellectual debate over the enhanced greenhouse effect, strong arm private-sector parties into belief and activism, and hand billy clubs to 195 world governments. (forbes.com)

Residential street trees are affected by stresses such as pests and diseases, increased temperatures, and extreme weather events that can be compounded by climate change. (usda.gov)

A new community science program explores how North American birds are responding to climate change. (audubon.org)
Explore how birds are responding to climate change. (audubon.org)

New York's most famous buildings will go green on the eve of the Opening Ceremony of Climate Week NYC, Sunday September 23, 2018. (climateweeknyc.org)
Event attribution methods estimate that two extreme mass-loss years in the New Zealand Southern Alps, 2011 and 2018, were at least six and ten times more likely with anthropogenic climate warming. (nature.com)
A first peer-reviewed article about climate restoration was published in April 2018 by the Rand Corporation. (wikipedia.org)

An independent organization of leading scientists and journalists researching and reporting the facts about our changing climate and its impact on the public. (climatecentral.org)
Our scientists publish and our journalists report on climate science, energy, sea level rise. (climatecentral.org)
Every four years, the nation's scientists from myriad federal agencies come together to release a comprehensive report synthesizing the current state of climate science. (csmonitor.com)
Though to many scientists and scholars, the pitting of climate science and religion against each other is a smokescreen, and an oversimplification. (csmonitor.com)
and whereas declaring a goal of restoring a safe and healthy climate will encourage scientists to research the most effective ways to restore safe CO2 levels, stop sea-level rise, and restore a safe and healthy climate for future generations. (wikipedia.org)
What if there were an organic technology that could cut greenhouse emissions in half and literally suck down and sequester carbon dioxide in living soil - bringing the total amount of CO 2 in the atmosphere down to 350 ppm - the level scientists warn us we must acheive in order to avert a climate catastrophe? (organicconsumers.org)
In the face of those who continue to deny climate change, 375 leading scientists who are members of the National. (inhabitat.com)
As it happens, a group of Iowa scientists popped by the state capitol here a couple of weeks ago to talk about the effects of climate change on this state, which does not yet have any beachfront property to worry about, although we may be able to surf Ottumwa sometime in the future, if the UN panel is correct. (esquire.com)
This solution is supported by leading climate scientists and economists as an effective, efficient approach. (google.com)
All posts are written or reviewed by Earth and climate scientists. (nasa.gov)
BERLIN (AP) - A "climate guardian" satellite set for launching this weekend will greatly help scientists keep track of the rise in sea levels, one of the most daunting effects of global warming, a senior official at the European Space Agency said Friday. (ap.org)
When I tagged along with one of the leading global warming "skeptics" at the international climate talks in Copenhagen last November, I attended a strategy session on how to capitalize on the thousands of e-mails that had been stolen from climate scientists just weeks before. (esquire.com)
Some of the leading scientists on the Essential Climate Variables explain just what they are measuring within their project, why they need it and what it is good for. (esa.int)
Scientists use climate indices in their attempt to characterize and understand the various climate mechanisms that culminate in our daily weather. (mcgill.ca)
Using historical and natural records, scientists have been able to measure the Earth's past climate. (fed.us)
As scientists continue to challenge and improve the quality and understanding of climate records and models, skepticism by scientists conducting such research is alive and well. (washingtonpost.com)

Combined with innovations in clean energy and other efforts to decarbonize the world's economies, natural climate solutions offer some of our best options in the response to climate change. (nature.org)
An Asia-Pacific climate change agreement was a milestone because it marked the first time the world's biggest polluters had pledged to cut greenhouse gas emissions, Australia's Prime Minister said on Sunday. (enn.com)
The unique contribution of Laudato Si' is that it is a big and bold statement that is seeking to make the environment a focal point of religious and theological reflection, a dramatic move that may keep the world's attention focused on climate change and environmental responsibility in a more long-term, sustainable way. (huffingtonpost.com)
On October 23rd, ninety-two of the world's largest banks will meet in São Paolo, Brazil to discuss policies on the climate and Indigenous People's rights to Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC). (greenpeace.org)

Climates can be classified according to the average and the typical ranges of different variables, most commonly temperature and precipitation. (wikipedia.org)
The Thornthwaite system, [4] in use since 1948, incorporates evapotranspiration along with temperature and precipitation information and is used in studying biological diversity and how climate change affects it. (wikipedia.org)
This causes the climate to have cool summers and cool (but not cold) winters, and relative humidity and precipitation evenly distributed along the year. (wikipedia.org)
Climate change includes major changes in temperature, precipitation, or wind patterns, among other effects, that occur over several decades or longer. (nwf.org)
The central southern area of the interior plains has a typical continental climate-very cold winters, hot summers, and relatively sparse precipitation. (britannica.com)
Climate change refers to any major and sustained change in factors affecting the global climate system, such as surface and ocean temperatures, precipitation patterns, and atmospheric conditions. (fed.us)
The challenges posed by climate change, such as more intense storms, frequent heavy precipitation, heat waves, drought, extreme flooding, and higher sea levels could significantly alter the types and magnitudes of hazards faced by communities and the emergency management professionals serving them. (fema.gov)

Join Canada's Energy [R]evolution and support renewable energy to fight climate change. (greenpeace.org)

Broadcasting September 16-17, we will be exploring 24 reasons to be hopeful about solving the climate crisis. (ustream.tv)
There is no climate crisis, there's weather and climate all around the world, and in fact carbon dioxide is the main building block of all life," Patrick Moore said as a guest on 'Fox & Friends' on Tuesday. (newsweek.com)
U.S. forests are in crisis as climate change, pests and pathogens all pose threats to its native trees. (newsweek.com)
Learn how the climate crisis impacts our health, our weather, our food supply, and our coastal cities - and what we can do to help reverse it. (treehugger.com)
Schools can take a systems-thinking approach to engage in evidence-based science investigations in efforts to reduce their overall carbon footprint and, through collaboration, design resilience and mitigation solutions to the climate crisis. (nwf.org)
EPA is restoring the role of science in addressing the climate crisis. (epa.gov)
C2025 works to enable the continued and sustained growth of social movements effecting change and fighting the climate crisis. (idealist.org)
Rebuild Maryland is committed to fostering, cultivating and preserving a culture of justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion so that all Marylanders can participate in combating the climate crisis. (google.com)

The current mitigation pathway leaves the risk that conditions will go beyond adaptation and abrupt climate change will be upon us. (wikipedia.org)
This interdisciplinary program provides the latest publications on monitoring, modeling, risk analysis, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change, and is intended for academic researchers and professional organizations, as well as governmental bodies. (springer.com)
I then describe advances in recent years, such as parameterization of climate variables from a social perspective, nonlinear models with spatial and temporal displacement, characterizing uncertainty, measurement of adaptation, cross-study comparison, and use of empirical estimates to project the impact of future climate change. (nber.org)
The TCI government is seeking to include climate change adaptation strategies into the disaster management system of the Turks and Caicos Islands in a region-wide collaborative effort that is expected to prepare vulnerable Caribbean nations for the effects of climate change. (globalsecurity.org)
The service will give access to information for monitoring, predicting and attributing climate change and will help improve adaptation and mitigation policies. (esa.int)
Together with the IUCN Regional Office for Mesoamerica, the ELC has been implementing a project entitled "Climate Change Governance Capacity: Building regionally and nationally tailored ecosystem-based adaptation in Mesoamerica" in Costa Rica, Panama, El Salvador and Mexico since 2010. (iucn.org)
Major progress has been made in the past years on field demonstration of climate change adaptation measures in project countries. (iucn.org)
These data can be used to document changes over place and time, monitor vulnerable areas, and evaluate the results of local climate-adaptation strategies. (cdc.gov)
CRE shares NEP examples to help other coastal managers, and provides technical guidance and assistance about climate change adaptation. (epa.gov)
Find resources for the water utility sector to adapt to climate change by promoting a clear understanding of climate science and adaptation options. (epa.gov)

In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (40° to 60° N/S of Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. (wikipedia.org)
In temperate climates, not only do latitudinal positions influence temperature changes, but sea currents, prevailing wind direction, continentality (how large a landmass is), and altitude also shape temperate climates. (wikipedia.org)
The Köppen climate classification defines a climate as "temperate" when the mean temperature is above −3 °C (26.6 °F) but below 18 °C (64.4 °F) in the coldest month. (wikipedia.org)
However, other climate classifications set the minimum at 0 °C (32.0 °F). The north temperate zone extends from (approximately 23.5° north) to the Arctic Circle (approximately 66.5° north latitude). (wikipedia.org)
In some climate classifications, the temperate zone is often divided into several smaller climate zones, based on monthly temperatures, the coldest month, and rainfall. (wikipedia.org)
These are the climates that are typically found toward the more equatorial portion of the temperate zone between 23.5° and 35° north or south, and thus are far more influenced by the tropics than any other temperate climate type, usually having warmer temperatures over the year, longer summers and mild, short winters. (wikipedia.org)
These climates occur in the middle latitudes, between approximately 23.5° and 66.5° north, and 23° and 66.5° south, and are the ones with the most equal influence from the equator and the poles, and the most prototypical temperate climates with the typical distinct four-season pattern. (wikipedia.org)
These climates are frequently cloudy, and are fairly milder both in winter and summer in comparison to other temperate climates. (wikipedia.org)
The annual climate ranges from months of dry temperate weather during winter to humid subtropical weather interspersed with drier periods of hot weather during summer. (britannica.com)

NASA's Climate Kids website brings the exciting science of climate change and sustainability to life, providing clear explanations for the big questions in climate science. (nasa.gov)
Climate Ride is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that organizes life-changing charitable events to raise awareness and support sustainability, active transportation, and environmental causes. (idealist.org)
Designed to inspire, participants have the opportunity to meet and network with individuals doing great work in the sustainability, green energy, climate, conservation, and active transportation fields. (idealist.org)
That's odd," the senator said, noting that there are frequent stories in numerous news outlets about what he called "the immediate and drastic results of climate change on species' diversity, on human sustainability, on deaths from air pollution, on all kinds of things. (philly.com)

Addressing this challenge, the ELC and the IUCN Eastern and Southern African Regional Office in conjunction with authorities and stakeholders at a national level in Mozambique, Tanzania and Zambia undertook an effort in building national capacity to adapt biodiversity and natural resource laws and governance to climate change, as well as to identify and enhance synergies in international biodiversity and natural resource law and policy. (iucn.org)
We can help species adapt to our changing world by ensuring that our own responses to climate change factor in the health and wellbeing of the habitat and resources on which they depend. (worldwildlife.org)
We conclude by highlighting remaining challenges in this field and the approaches we expect will be most effective at solving them, including identifying mechanisms that link climate to conflict, measuring the ability of societies to adapt to climate changes, and understanding the likely impacts of future global warming. (nber.org)
The crops, natural vegetation, and domesticated and wild animals (including seafood) that sustain people in a given area may be unable to adapt to local or regional changes in climate. (nasa.gov)
the countries most vulnerable to global warming's most serious side effects are among the poorest and least able to pay for the medical and social services and technological solutions that will be needed to adapt to climate change. (nasa.gov)
To stay healthy and vigorous, our National Forests and Grasslands will need to adapt quickly to the changing climate. (fed.us)
Organic agriculture provides management practices that can help farmers adapt to climate change through strengthening agro-ecosystems, diversifying crop and livestock production, and building farmers' knowledge base to best prevent and confront changes in climate. (fao.org)
Cal-Adapt isn't pulling punches on the climate controversy. (fastcompany.com)

Humid subtropical climates generally have long, hot and humid summers with convective showers in summer and a peak seasonal rainfall in the hottest months. (wikipedia.org)
Winters are normally mild in the humid subtropics, and warm ocean currents normally are found in coastal areas with humid subtropical climates. (wikipedia.org)
In some areas with a humid subtropical climate (most notably southeast China and North India), there is an even sharper wet-dry season, called subtropical monsoon or Cwa. (wikipedia.org)
Mediterranean climates, opposite to the humid subtropical and monsoonal climates, have a dry summer, with rainfall in the winter and cooler months. (wikipedia.org)
These are variants of the subtropical climates found in high altitude plateaus or montane systems either in the tropics or subtropics, they have characteristically mild temperatures year-round, featuring the four seasons in the subtropics and no marked seasons in the tropics, the latter usually remaining mild to cool through most of the year. (wikipedia.org)

As it is already too late to rely entirely on mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions to safeguard biodiversity and livelihoods from climate impacts, governments and institutions will need to develop adaptive capacity in order to ensure resilience of humans and natural resources. (iucn.org)
The framework of this study distills nature's full climate potential into 20 mitigation pathways. (nature.org)
In 2000, forty land-use and forestry projects had been implemented in order to contribute to climate change mitigation. (fao.org)

All of our work to address climate change will, of course, mean that we need more people and resources on our side. (nature.org)
In a follow-up article, I will address a frequently overlooked tool for helping to address climate change. (forbes.com)
Abruzzo also said that Pennsylvania is doing "its fair share" to address climate change, and that he does not believe there is anything else the DEP should do, under his tenure, to combat it. (philly.com)

The two-week COP21 United Nations climate change conference began Monday. (newsweek.com)
in November, a group of academics, advisors and expert analysts convened to discuss the implications of the United Nations climate conference (COP21). (harvard.edu)

Changes in the earth's climate are having substantial effects on forest ecosystems and may reduce the ability of forests to provide important environmental benefits. (fed.us)
The Northern Forests Climate Hub assists natural resource managers, woodland owners, and others interested in forests to integrate climate change information into planning, decision making, and management activities. (usda.gov)
Tools to help professionals consider the potential effects of climate change on forests, and to design actions that can help ecosystems cope under changing conditions. (usda.gov)
Already, freshwater supplies are shrinking, agricultural yields are dropping, our forests are burning, and rising oceans are more acidic-all, in part, due to a warming climate. (worldwildlife.org)
We need to reach net zero greenhouse gas emissions by mid-century to keep global temperature increases under 2°C. While most efforts toward this goal have been focused on reducing fossil fuel use, new science shows that natural climate solutions-based on the conservation, restoration and management of forests, grasslands and wetlands-can deliver up to a third of the emission reductions needed by 2030. (nature.org)
The pathways span three biomes-forests, grasslands (including agricultural lands and rangelands) wetlands (including peatlands, seagrass and mangroves) and climate reduction practices based on conservation, restoration and land management. (nature.org)
The Forest Service is incorporating the best ecological and climate science into its management to ensure that National Forests continue to produce the benefits that the American people enjoy. (fed.us)
Healthy forests and grasslands will also help mitigate climate change by removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it in plants and soils. (fed.us)
How does climate change affect forests and grasslands? (fed.us)
Climate and weather drive the ebb and flow of life, making rivers run, crops grow, and forests flourish. (greenpeace.org)

In addition, NYC & Company, who are supporting Climate Week NYC and helped light the skyline green, have provided space for a major marketing campaign across New York City, including advertisement on LinkNYC screens that raise awareness of what people can do to take climate action. (climateweeknyc.org)
Here in New York, we're taking bold action on climate. (climateweeknyc.org)
The Climate Group's mission is to accelerate climate action to achieve a world of under 2°C of global warming. (climateweeknyc.org)
Climate Week NYC is the time and place where the world gathers to showcase amazing climate action and discusses how to do more. (climateweeknyc.org)
Join us for 24 Hours of Reality, the fourth annual live-streaming multimedia event dedicated to sparking action on climate change. (ustream.tv)
Go to 24HoursofReality.org to find out why we're so optimistic about the future, and help us ensure that progress is our new reality by signing up to dedicate a day for climate action in the next year. (ustream.tv)
Actors are wearing green ribbons to the Emmys in support of climate action. (newsweek.com)
Synergistically addressing local and global environmental damages rather than optimizing a specific aspect of the policy conundrum helps to effectively foster climate action in road transport while maintaining public acceptance and socially fair outcomes. (nature.com)
Anticipating the need to act swiftly and dramatically, TNC in Nevada added capacity for staff dedicated entirely to climate action. (nature.org)
Eco-Schools USA's School-Based Carbon Calculator worksheet allows students to enter data from the school's climate change audit, calculate carbon emissions before and after taking action, and provide visual tools in the form of charts and graphs to be utilized during classroom instruction and to illustrate classroom and/or school success. (nwf.org)
1. To get started, preview the sample action plan for the Climate Change pathway. (nwf.org)
This week President Donald Trump signed an executive order undoing climate action regulations like the Clean Power. (inhabitat.com)
If you've been thinking there should be a march for climate action after the success of the Women's March on. (inhabitat.com)
Two organizations backed by Hollywood star power recently announced a partnership to pursue climate action. (inhabitat.com)
Sutherland Climate Action Network helps raise awareness about climate change and promotes strong action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions across Sutherland Shire, New South Wales, Australia and the world. (google.com)
People around the world are calling on leaders to take action on climate change. (worldwildlife.org)
The good news is that America's leading businesses, along with our city and state leaders, are taking the lead on climate action. (worldwildlife.org)
Without urgent action, climate change impacts could push an additional 100 million people into poverty by 2030. (worldbank.org)
Without urgent action to reduce vulnerability, provide access to basic services, and build resilience, climate change impacts could push an additional 100 million people into poverty by 2030 . (worldbank.org)
Climate action is a vast opportunity for sustainable global development, with investment potential in the trillions of dollars and the ability to drive innovation and create green industries and new jobs. (worldbank.org)
On December 14, at the University of Maryland College Park campus, a coalition of advocacy groups large and small - faith leaders, labor activists, environmental groups, and others - will be hosting an exciting one-day conference called Rebuild Maryland: Climate Action Summit. (google.com)
This form was created inside of Chesapeake Climate Action Network. (google.com)
Because the fact is that if we don't take action in a timely fashion at the scale that we need, climate has the potential to wipe out the progress we have made over the past 20 years in economic development, in social development and in environmental protection. (huffingtonpost.com)
Greenpeace pressures the Canadian government and mobilizes citizens to demand action on climate change. (greenpeace.org)

People have measured the Earth's temperature and amount of rainfall since the mid-1800s, providing a snapshot of the climate for the last 150 years. (fed.us)

They occur mostly at the western edges and coasts of the continents and are bounded by arid deserts on their equatorward sides that cause the dry season of summer, and oceanic climates to the poleward sides that are influenced by cool ocean currents and air masses that bring the rainfall of winter. (wikipedia.org)
This website provides comprehensive and timely information about climate and weather extremes of temperature and rainfall. (bom.gov.au)
Climate change is major change in temperature, rainfall, snow, or wind patterns lasting for many years. (medlineplus.gov)

Members of the Climate Central staff and board are among the most respected leaders in climate science. (climatecentral.org)
Guided by science, our journalists tell compelling stories of climate change impacts and solutions. (climatecentral.org)
Data-driven research and reporting that makes climate science local and advances understanding of climate change impacts. (climatecentral.org)
That fear likely stems from a general skepticism of climate science that runs through the Trump administration. (csmonitor.com)
It's the most comprehensive and up to date report on climate science in the world at this point," says Katharine Hayhoe, an atmospheric scientist at Texas Tech University who was one of the authors of the report. (csmonitor.com)
Climate change: Is your opinion informed by science? (csmonitor.com)
That message conflicts with ideas put forth by many members of the Trump administration, which has taken a more skeptical view of climate science. (csmonitor.com)
Climate science has been very deliberately framed as an alternate religion," says Dr. Hayhoe, who also directs Texas Tech's Climate Science Center and is an Evangelical who has engaged deeply with faith communities around the issue of climate science. (csmonitor.com)
The dispute over Darwin planted a seed, and the evolution argument set the groundwork for the current climate science argument," says Michael Altman, professor of religious studies at the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa. (csmonitor.com)
But once it became an issue of global climate change, Ms. Vox notes that evangelists like the bestselling author Hal Lindsey denounced climate science as a scam "being used to to consolidate the governments of the world into a coalition that may someday facilitate the rise of the Antichrist. (csmonitor.com)
Targeting upper-elementary-aged children, the site includes interactive games, hands-on activities, and engaging articles that make climate science accessible and fun. (nasa.gov)
Examine Earth processes, witness dramatic geological forces at work, and discuss the science of global climate change with local researchers. (nationalgeographic.com)
We propose a new approach to apply network analysis to climate science. (gatech.edu)
Pledge to stand with Audubon as we call on the administration to listen to science and work toward climate solutions. (audubon.org)
EPA tracks and reports greenhouse gas emissions, leverages sound science, and works to reduce emissions to combat climate change. (epa.gov)
In this column, the Earth Observatory offer answers to some of the questions people ask us about the science of global warming and climate change. (nasa.gov)
We have also included some questions and answers about climate science topics that people often misunderstand. (nasa.gov)
When there are discrepancies between what the models predict and what is measured, critics seize on those discrepancies to cast doubt on climate science. (forbes.com)
One man who is in no doubt about the science and has been shouting about climate change for decades is the former Vice President of America, Al Gore. (channel4.com)
At this critical juncture in combating the worldwide threat of climate change, universities have vital leadership roles to play both as homes to climate science and as educators of tomorrow's innovators. (harvard.edu)
He said he believed Abruzzo, a longtime prosecutor who later served as a deputy chief of staff to Corbett, had "no obvious experience in environmental protection, and that manifests itself in things like not knowing the science behind climate change. (philly.com)

Private land owners and can respond to the risks of climate change on their lands. (usda.gov)
Our pragmatic business approach helps clients to respond to the physical risks of climate change, as well as to operate in new markets and regulatory environments related to carbon and renewable energy. (ey.com)

A Normal is defined as the arithmetic average of a climate element (e.g. temperature) over a 30-year period. (wikipedia.org)
Climate change has altered the vertical structure of atmospheric temperature. (nature.com)
The east-west gradient in equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature has strengthened, but models suggest the opposite in past and future climates. (nature.com)
These zones generally have wider temperature ranges throughout the year and more distinct seasonal changes compared to tropical climates, where such variations are often small. (wikipedia.org)
2. What the climate experts say about climate change & what's driving it (IPCC Working Group 1) Conclusions from climate experts:  The globally averaged combined land and ocean surface temperature data show a warming of 0.85 °C, over the period 1880-2012. (slideshare.net)
Expert Chris Merchant of the University of Reading, UK, explains the importance of sea surface temperature as an Essential Climate Variable to understand our changing world. (esa.int)
Sen. Daylin Leach (D., Montgomery) asked Acting DEP Secretary E. Christopher Abruzzo whether he believed in climate change, and whether he thought humans have contributed to the earth's temperature rising. (philly.com)

Scenarios were the focus of discussion at the TCFD & BoE Conference on Climate Scenarios, Financial Risk and Strategic Planning which took place in London on October 31 and November 1, 2017. (fsb-tcfd.org)
The CCL NH chapters are our local effort in New Hampshire to help build the political will to enable Citizens' Climate Lobby's goal to protect our climate and our future by enacting federal Carbon Fee and Dividend legislation in 2017. (google.com)
Christina Voigt, Chair of the WCEL Climate Change Specialist Group, speaking during "Law Day" at UNFCCC/CoP-23 on 12 November 2017 in Bonn (Germany). (iucn.org)
In 2015, Harvard joined 318 institutions of higher education in signing the American Campuses Act on Climate Pledge and reaffirmed this commitment in 2017 . (harvard.edu)

This page presents a general overview of Earth's climate system. (wikipedia.org)
An introduction to how Earth's climate can change is found at Climate change , and discussion of the current warming of the climate system is presented at global warming . (wikipedia.org)
Climate restoration enhances legacy climate goals (stabilizing earth's climate) to include ensuring the survival of humanity by restoring CO 2 to levels of the last 6000 years that allowed agriculture and civilization to develop. (wikipedia.org)

18. I've had a conversation with someone about our school's climate. (google.com)

These states have suffered the most billion-dollar weather and climate disasters since 1980. (climatecentral.org)
The World Bank works with partners, including the South Asia Water Initiative and the Program for Asia Resilience to Climate Change , providing technical assistance and analytical support to develop hydromet services and early-warning systems for disasters. (worldbank.org)
Climate change is a fact and one of its numerous consequences is a change in the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events that can trigger disasters. (coe.int)
Countries and communities around the world are already experiencing stepped-up climate change impacts - including droughts, floods, more intense and frequent natural disasters, and sea-level rise - and the most vulnerable are being hit the hardest. (worldbank.org)
Regardless of why the climate is changing, emergency managers have to be poised to respond to disasters and support preparedness efforts nationwide. (fema.gov)

The oceanic climates are created by the onshore flow from the cool high latitude oceans to their west. (wikipedia.org)

Many lines of evidence demonstrate that human activities, especially emissions of greenhouse gases, are primarily responsible for the observed climate changes in the industrial era, especially over the last six decades. (csmonitor.com)
If current levels of greenhouse gas emissions are pumped into the Earth's atmosphere for the rest of the 21st century, today's children will live in climates not seen for millennia. (newsweek.com)
BRUSSELS (AP) - Greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union have been reduced by 24% compared to 1990 levels, according to the bloc's annual climate report, but the EU said Monday it still needs to intensify efforts to keep to its target of making Europe the first climate-neutral continent by. (ap.org)
Natural climate solutions are conservation, restoration and improved land management actions that increase carbon storage or avoid greenhouse gas emissions in landscapes and wetlands across the globe. (nature.org)
Evidence has shown that rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have contributed to climate change. (fed.us)
An international conference on climate has been informed that 'limiting the worldwide use of fossil fuels will cost almost Pounds sterling 200 billion over the next 20 years' ('Nations fail to agree on measures to limit greenhouse effect', This Week, 18 November). (newscientist.com)
Lower greenhouse gas emissions for crop production and enhanced carbon sequestration, coupled with additional benefits of biodiversity and other environmental services, makes organic agriculture a farming method with many advantages and considerable potential for mitigating and adopting to climate change. (fao.org)

For decades, WWF has engaged with millions of Americans, leading businesses, and government leaders to prepare for inevitable change and reduce the emissions that drive climate change. (worldwildlife.org)
This playbook showcases five innovative pathways for reducing emissions and climate impacts. (nature.org)

Climate and epidemiological models estimate that reducing aerosols in a warmer climate can enhance atmospheric ventilation, reduce particulate matter exposure and offset warming-driven deaths. (nature.com)
The endpoint goal of climate restoration is to generally maximize the probability of survival of our species and civilization by restoring Atmospheric CO2 levels. (wikipedia.org)

Read our case studies to learn more about natural climate solutions in different geographies and land-use sectors. (nature.org)
Natural climate solutions are vital to ensuring we achieve our ultimate objective of full decarbonization and can simultaneously boost jobs and protect communities in developed and developing countries. (nature.org)
Watch a short video that explains how natural climate solutions work. (nature.org)

Our features writer John Upton talks our Zillow report, the National Climate Assessment, and more with NBC10 Philadelphia's Rosemary Connors. (climatecentral.org)
It's become a routine affair, with a predictable process involving extensive analysis of studies, numerous drafts, and eventual approval from the White House before the public release of the latest National Climate Assessment. (csmonitor.com)
Last Friday the National Climate Assessment Report was quietly unveiled. (forbes.com)

Because of its great latitudinal extent, Canada has a wide variety of climates. (britannica.com)

Explore preparedness actions each state is taking in relation to their current and future changes in climate threats. (climatecentral.org)
GENEVA (AP) - Climate change is increasingly damaging the U.N.'s most cherished heritage sites, a leading conservation agency warned Wednesday, reporting that Australia's Great Barrier Reef and dozens of other natural wonders are facing severe threats. (ap.org)
Global biodiversity faces severe threats from climate change in the form of rising temperatures, floods, droughts, severe weather incidents, deforestation and desertification. (iucn.org)
Climate change and the threats of nuclear energy are real. (greenpeace.org)

EPA's climate change website is back, with more content to come. (epa.gov)

Communities are redesigning their roads, buildings, airports, and railroads to make them climate resilient. (worldwildlife.org)
Making the right choices in favor of infrastructure that is climate resilient and locks in a low carbon development pathway is critical and urgent. (worldbank.org)

An all-out effort to reforest land across the United States could plant trees on another 133 million acres to help soak up carbon dioxide and limit global climate change. (organicconsumers.org)
The Graun says Climate change experts said the data set was the most ambitious effort so far to hold individual carbon producers, rather than governments, to account. (scienceblogs.com)
to accelerate the introduction of renewable energies into the energy matrix doesn't just have positive climate change implications, it transports us into the cutting-edge future of a low-carbon economy. (huffingtonpost.com)
Trees are the original carbon-sequestration tech, and new research continues to open our eyes to their promise as allies in the effort to halt climate change. (pbs.org)
In addition to helping clients respond to regulatory and market drivers, as well as to the impact of climate change on infrastructure and supply chains, our teams can help clients benefit from opportunities related to new carbon markets and renewable energy market drivers. (ey.com)

On land and in the water, climate change affects all ecosystems . (slate.com)
Concern about how climate change affects food security usually focuses on agriculture in resource-poor countries. (pbs.org)

Actor Leonardo DiCaprio is taking President-elect Donald Trump to task on the topic of climate change. (inhabitat.com)
President Trump, who once called climate change a hoax, said that he doesn't believe the findings of potentially devastating impacts. (forbes.com)

For me, its essence lies in its remarkable journey toward climate resilience. (worldbank.org)
Started in 2010 to fund 10 grantees, CDC's Climate-Ready States and Cities Initiative is now helping 18 grantees around the nation use the five-step Building Resilience Against Climate Effects (BRACE) framework to identify likely climate impacts in their communities, potential health effects associated with these impacts, and their most at-risk populations and locations. (cdc.gov)
Tracking data may be used to inform decision-making and policies that can help local communities assess vulnerabilities, estimate the burden, and build overall resilience against the effects of a changing climate. (cdc.gov)
The page is intended for anyone interested in learning more about our resources and other federal government resources to support climate preparedness and resilience. (fema.gov)

Taking place between September 24-30, in New York City, this is the 10th annual Climate Week NYC, run by The Climate Group in coordination with the United Nations and the City of New York. (climateweeknyc.org)
Senators say United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change treats Palestine as a state, and U.S. law bars any expenditures. (newsweek.com)

It is definitely the case that climate skepticism is most likely among white US Evangelicals," says Willis Jenkins, professor of religious studies at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville. (csmonitor.com)
That's not due to climate skepticism, which is now less pervasive than it used to be. (huffingtonpost.com)
In his Outlook essay ' Chill Out ,' Bjorn Lomborg rightly notes that skepticism about climate change is no longer focused on whether it the earth is getting warmer (it is) or whether humans are contributing to it (we are). (washingtonpost.com)

NASA's Global Climate Change website hosts an extensive collection of global warming resources for media, educators, weathercasters and public speakers. (nasa.gov)
Global cooling or global warming from any human influence on global climate was intolerable, the hidden assumption being that nature was optimal. (forbes.com)
As global temperatures rise and weather patterns become more erratic, the intersection between climate change and agriculture is crucial to understanding the role agriculture plays in contributing to and mitigating global warming. (fao.org)

Identifying the effect of climate on societies is central to understanding historical economic development, designing modern policies that react to climatic events, and managing future global climate change. (nber.org)

Undernutrition is identified as the largest health impact of climate change in the 21st century. (worldbank.org)

This was followed by the Congressional Climate Emergency Resolutions (S.Con.Res.22, H.Con.Res.52) which "demands a national, social, industrial, and economic mobilization of the resources and labor of the United States at a massive-scale to halt, reverse, mitigate, and prepare for the consequences of the climate emergency and to restore the climate for future generations. (wikipedia.org)

Citing analysis from thousands of studies, the nation's climate assessment offers not just a dire warning about what climate change may bring in future years, but a detailed account of effects that are already occurring and of human contributions to those changes. (csmonitor.com)
One of the most significant issues the Forest Service faces is the effects of climate change on the Nation's natural resources. (fed.us)
Across 64 countries, education has positive effects on climate change beliefs, and interactions with ideology are more nuanced and contextual. (nature.com)
Alaska's Native people live in an intimate relationship with the land, share traditional knowledge spanning centuries, and are experiencing the effects of climate change directly and severely. (fws.gov)
Here, I review, synthesize, and interpret recent advances in methods used to measure effects of climate on social and economic outcomes. (nber.org)
Because weather variation plays a large role in recent progress, I formalize the relationship between climate and weather from an econometric perspective and discuss their use as identifying variation, highlighting tradeoffs between key assumptions in different research designs and deriving conditions when weather variation exactly identifies the effects of climate. (nber.org)
Climate change, alongside numerous other pressures, is having unprecedented effects on water resources both globally and locally. (scientificamerican.com)
There are many things you can do to help reduce the effects of climate change. (fed.us)
While all communities are vulnerable to health effects associated with climate change, not everyone is equally at risk. (cdc.gov)

Climate Central surveys and conducts scientific research on climate change and informs the public of key findings. (climatecentral.org)
Climate of the Past (CP) is a not-for-profit international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and discussion of research articles, short communications, and review papers on the climate history of the Earth. (climate-of-the-past.net)
See research on how political ideology, education, and experience impact the stability and accuracy of climate change knowledge and beliefs. (nature.com)
Springer Climate is an interdisciplinary book series dedicated to climate research. (springer.com)
In polling by the Pew Research Center in November 2008, fully half the respondents thought the two parties would cooperate more in the coming year, versus only 36 percent who thought the climate would grow more adversarial. (wiktionary.org)
The University's first efforts to assess the social and academic climate occurred in 2004 when the President's Commission on Women, in collaboration with the Office of Institutional Research, surveyed the UK student body on various aspects of campus life. (uky.edu)
The project is to develop climate change governance capacity in the water sector through applied research, awareness-raising and increased public participation. (iucn.org)
Until recently, neither climate nor conflict have been core areas of inquiry within economics, but there has been an explosion of research on both topics in the past decade, with a particularly large body of research emerging at their intersection. (nber.org)
In this review, we survey this literature on the interlinkages between climate and conflict, by necessity drawing from both economics and other disciplines given the inherent interdisciplinarity of research in this field. (nber.org)
Once available, the data will be archived and made freely accessible to climate research and modelling communities worldwide. (esa.int)
President Drew Faust outlined Harvard's commitment to continued focus on climate change via research, teaching and learning in a 2014 message to the Harvard community , and also in a Huffington Post op-ed with Stanford president John Hennessey. (harvard.edu)

Amsterdam, 1 August 2014 - More than 300 days after it was illegally boarded following a high profile peaceful protest against Arctic oil drilling, the Greenpeace ship Arctic Sunrise has finally departed Murmansk, Russia en route for its home. (greenpeace.org)

As a senior scientist for the National Audubon Society, Bateman's work focuses on helping birds survive climate change. (audubon.org)

Researchers are studying the best ways to lessen climate change and reduce its impact on our health. (medlineplus.gov)
For climate measurements prior to this, researchers must obtain measurements from indirect sources, including core samples from ice, sediment, and trees. (fed.us)
Mathematica researchers analyzed data on school safety, engagement, and climate for more than 340,000 students in more than 700 New York City middle schools from a survey taken annually from 2007 to 2010. (edweek.org)

Studies focusing mainly on present and future climate are not within scope. (climate-of-the-past.net)
and (ii) validating GCMs and EaSMs with respect to their faithful representation of current climate, including the correct sensitivity, as well as to the robustness of future-climate projections using powerful numerical and visualization tools. (gatech.edu)

They are investing in clean renewable energy and locking in cheaper energy prices-and creating jobs, strong communities, and a more stable climate in the process. (worldwildlife.org)

Anatomy3

Organisms29

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs8

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Psychiatry and Psychology5

Phenomena and Processes74

Disciplines and Occupations12

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena13

Technology, Industry, Agriculture12

Humanities7

Information Science4

Health Care62

Geographicals24

Climatic and environmental patterns associated with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, Four Corners region, United States. (1/2516)

Potential effects of gas hydrate on human welfare. (2/2516)

Environmental variation shapes sexual dimorphism in red deer. (3/2516)

Deriving meteorological variables across Africa for the study and control of vector-borne disease: a comparison of remote sensing and spatial interpolation of climate. (4/2516)

Towards a kala azar risk map for Sudan: mapping the potential distribution of Phlebotomus orientalis using digital data of environmental variables. (5/2516)

An integrated assessment framework for climate change and infectious diseases. (6/2516)

Malaria reemergence in the Peruvian Amazon region. (7/2516)

Public health consequences of global climate change in the United States--some regions may suffer disproportionately. (8/2516)

Climate

Climate Change

Greenhouse Effect

Tropical Climate

Cold Climate

Global Warming

Ecosystem

Rain

Seasons

Atmosphere

Trees

Geography

Weather

Conservation of Natural Resources

Temperature

Population Dynamics

Oceans and Seas

Desert Climate

Arctic Regions

Ice Cover

Models, Theoretical

Biodiversity

Extinction, Biological

Climatic Processes

Snow

Agriculture

Humidity

Meteorology

Forecasting

Organizational Culture

Acclimatization

Environment

Conservation of Energy Resources

Animal Migration

Crops, Agricultural

Mediterranean Region

Earth (Planet)

El Nino-Southern Oscillation

Water Movements

Fires

Water Cycle

History, Ancient

Floods

Human Activities

Geology

Geological Phenomena

Environmental Policy

Population Density

Soil

Population Growth

Hydrology

Biomass

Introduced Species

Plant Development

Antarctic Regions

Environmental Health

Atlantic Ocean

Africa, Eastern

Fossils

Birds

Baltic States

Altitude

Meteorological Concepts

Droughts

North America

Food Supply

Animal Distribution

Carbon Dioxide

Models, Biological

Reindeer

Endangered Species

Anthozoa

South America

Phytoplankton

Environmental Monitoring

Environmental Pollution

Abies

Rivers

Marine Biology

Plants