Phloem loading. A reevaluation of the relationship between plasmodesmatal frequencies and loading strategies. (1/4)
The incidence of plasmodesmata in the minor vein phloem of leaves varies widely between species. On this basis, two pathways of phloem loading have been proposed: symplastic where frequencies are high, and apoplastic where they are low. However, putative symplastic-loading species fall into at least two categories. In one, the plants translocate raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFOs). In the other, the primary sugar in the phloem sap is sucrose (Suc). While a thermodynamically feasible mechanism of symplastic loading has been postulated for species that transport RFOs, no such mechanism is known for Suc transporters. We used p-chloromercuribenzenesulfonic acid inhibition of apoplastic loading to distinguish between the two pathways in three species that have abundant minor vein plasmodesmata and are therefore putative symplastic loaders. Clethra barbinervis and Liquidambar styraciflua transport Suc, while Catalpa speciosa transports RFOs. The results indicate that, contrary to the hypothesis that all species with abundant minor vein plasmodesmata load symplastically, C. barbinervis and L. styraciflua load from the apoplast. C. speciosa, being an RFO transporter, loads from the symplast, as expected. Data from these three species, and from the literature, also indicate that plants with abundant plasmodesmata in the minor vein phloem have abundant plasmodesmata between mesophyll cells. Thus, plasmodesmatal frequencies in the minor veins may be a reflection of overall frequencies in the lamina and may have limited relevance to phloem loading. We suggest that symplastic loading is restricted to plants that translocate oligosaccharides larger than Suc, such as RFOs, and that other plants, no matter how many plasmodesmata they have in the minor vein phloem, load via the apoplast. (+info)Glandulocalyx upatoiensis, a fossil flower of Ericales (Actinidiaceae/Clethraceae) from the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) of Georgia, USA. (2/4)
(+info)Triterpene saponins from Clethra barbinervis and their hyaluronidase inhibitory activities. (3/4)
An extract of Clethra barbinervis with an inhibitory effect on hyaluronidase activity was fractionated guided by the results of an assay. From the active fractions, seven new triterpene saponins (1-4, 6-8) and a new lignan glycoside (14) were isolated together with 14 known compounds (5, 9-13, 15-22). Some of the saponins (2, 3, 9) were revealed as hyaluronidase inhibitors similar to epicatechin (17). (+info)Structures of ryobunins A-C from the leaves of Clethra barbinervis. (4/4)
From a MeOH extract of the leaves of Clethra barbinervis Sieb. et Zucc., ryobunins A-C, three new triterpene glucosides, i.e. one ursane, one seco-ursane and one oleanane-type glucoside, along with four known compounds were isolated. Their structures were elucidated based on chemical and spectral evidence. (+info)
Clethra Barbinervis | Suttons
ITIS Standard Report Page: Clethraceae
Clethra
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Encyclopedia of Life
Clethra a. Hummingbird (Summersweet) | Estabrooks
Ericales
Clematoclethra in Chinese Plant Names @ efloras.org
Ericales | plant order | Britannica.com
Ericales - Wikispecies
Reappraisal of foraminiferal assemblages of the Santonian-Campanian Mzamba Formation type section, and their correlation with...
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Subcellular localization determines the availability of non-targeted proteins to plasmodesmatal transport
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Ancient flowering plant was beautiful - but probably poisonous - Scienmag: Latest Science and Health News
5.3.1 - Pathway of phloem loading in source leaves | Plants in Action
Erica haematocodon - Wikimedia Commons
The floral morphospace of Ericales | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences
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Ambystoma cingulatum (Frosted Flatwoods Salamander)
Pharmacophagy in green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopa spp.)? [PeerJ]
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Clethraceae
The Clethraceae are a small family of flowering plants in the order Ericales, composed of two genera, Clethra and Purdiaea, ... doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1. Anderberg, A.A.; Zhang, Z. (2002). "Phylogenetic relationships of Cyrillaceae and Clethraceae ( ...
Gillenia
1763) [Clethraceae]". Taxon. 31 (3): 568. doi:10.2307/1220698. JSTOR 1220698. ICN 2011 Melbourne Code Voss, E. G. (August 1986 ...
Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien
1, 1897; Dicotyledoneae: Clethraceae etc. Abt. 2, 1895; Dicotyledoneae: Oleaceae etc. Abt. 3a, 1897; Dicotyledoneae: ...
APG IV system
Clethraceae Klotzsch, nom. cons. Cyrillaceae Lindl., nom. cons. Ericaceae Juss., nom. cons. Mitrastemonaceae Makino, nom. cons ...
Reveal system
Clethraceae family 3. Ericaceae order 3. Diapensiales family 1. Diapensiaceae order 4. Bruniales family 1. Bruniaceae family 2 ...
APG III system
Clethraceae Klotzsch Cyrillaceae Lindl. Diapensiaceae Lindl. Ebenaceae Gürke Ericaceae Juss. Fouquieriaceae DC. Lecythidaceae A ...
Paul Knuth
Bischer in Aussereuropäischen gebieten gemachten blütenbiologischen beobachtungen; 2. Teil: Clethraceae bis Compositae. Leipzig ...
Clethra canescens var. clementis
clementis is a tree in the family Clethraceae. Clethra canescens var. clementis grows up to 10 metres (30 ft) tall. The smooth ...
Clethra longispicata
... is a tree in the family Clethraceae. The specific epithet longispicata is from the Latin meaning "long ...
Clethra pachyphylla
... is a tree in the family Clethraceae. The specific epithet pachyphylla is from the Greek meaning "thick ...
Clethra acuminata
The genera of the Cyrillaceae and Clethraceae of the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 42: 96-106. Flora of North ...
Roridula
In 1912, Johannes Gottfried Hallier regarded Roridula as a specialized member of the Clethraceae. Hutchinson in 1959, and ...
Purdiaea
... is a genus of flowering plants in the family Clethraceae described as a genus in 1846. It is one of two genera in this ... Anderberg, A. A. & Zhang, Z. (2002). Phylogenetic relationships of Cyrillaceae and Clethraceae (Ericales) with special emphasis ...
Clethra
... is one of two genera in the family Clethraceae (the other being Purdiaea). The species may be evergreen or deciduous, ...
Clethra barbinervis
... , the Japanese clethra, is a species of flowering plant in the family Clethraceae. It is native to eastern ...
Cyrillaceae
doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1. Anderberg, A.A.; Zhang, Z. (2002). "Phylogenetic relationships of Cyrillaceae and Clethraceae ( ... though recent research has shown this genus is better placed in the closely related family Clethraceae. Fossil Cyrilla and ...
Flora Malesiana
Volume 7 part 1 (1971) - Revisions: Byblidaceae, Cardiopteridaceae, Clethraceae, Haloragaceae, Icacinaceae, Lemnaceae, ...
Geography of Cape Verde
Trees of the genera Apollonias (Lauraceae), Ocotea (Lauraceae), Persea (Lauraceae), Clethra (Clethraceae), Dracaena (Ruscaceae ...
Ericaceae
This trait is not found in the Clethraceae and Cyrillaceae, the two families most closely related to the Ericaceae. Most ...
Laurel forest
Trees of the genera Apollonias (Lauraceae), Ocotea (Lauraceae), Persea (Lauraceae), Clethra (Clethraceae), Dracaena (Ruscaceae ... and Clethraceae. Epiphytes, including orchids, ferns, moss, lichen, and liverworts, are more abundant than in either temperate ...
Actinidiaceae
... the Clethraceae, the Sarraceniaceae, and the Roridulaceae. Further genetic evidence points to the Actinidiaceae being sister to ...
Ericales
Family Clethraceae (clethra family) Family Cyrillaceae (cyrilla family) Family Diapensiaceae Family Ebenaceae (ebony and ... Family Ericaceae Family Cyrillaceae Family Clethraceae Family Grubbiaceae Family Empetraceae Family Epacridaceae Family ...
Bessey system
Sympetalae-Polycarpellatae ordo Ebenales Sapotaceae Ebenaceae Symplocaceae Styracaceae Fouquieriaceae ordo Ericales Clethraceae ...
Brunfelsia plowmaniana
Clethraceae and Caprifoliaceae families and numerous other Solanaceae. About one in three specimens of Brunfelsia plowmaniana ...
Goldberg system
Hoplestigmataceae Loasaceae Cucurbitaceae Ordo Cistales Cistaceae Bixaceae Cochlospermaceae Ordo Ericales Clethraceae ...
List of MeSH codes (B06)
... clethraceae MeSH B06.388.100.228 - combretaceae MeSH B06.388.100.228.166 - combretum MeSH B06.388.100.228.583 - terminalia MeSH ...
Melchior system
Alangiaceae Nyssaceae Davidiaceae Cornaceae Garryaceae Araliaceae Umbelliferae or Apiaceae Diapensiaceae Clethraceae Pyrolaceae ...
Cronquist system
Moringaceae Resedaceae Order Batales Gyrostemonaceae Bataceae Order Ericales Cyrillaceae Clethraceae Grubbiaceae Empetraceae ...
Kubitzki system
Myrsinaceae Primulaceae Actinidiaceae Balsaminaceae Marcgraviaceae Pellicieraceae Tetrameristaceae Ericaceae Clethraceae ...
APG system
... family Hydrostachyaceae family Loasaceae order Ericales family Actinidiaceae family Balsaminaceae family Clethraceae family ...
Clethraceae | Plant Classification Group | Purdue University Famine Foods
Famine Foods - Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, 625 Agriculture Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47907 © 2022 Purdue University , An equal access/equal opportunity university , Copyright Complaints , Maintained by Famine Foods. If you have trouble accessing this page because of a disability, please contact Famine Foods at [email protected] , Accessibility Resources ...
Clethraceae: Dichotomous Key:
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MARTYNIACEAE: Unicornplant Family C79 - NYBG Shop
This purchase only includes chapter 79 of this title.. MARTYNIACEAE, the Unicornplant Family by Pedro Jiménez-MejÃ-as. Keywords: Martyniaceae, Proboscidea, Flora, Floristics, North America.. As family treatments are completed for the New Manual, these are being made available as downloadable PDFs. The New Manual is a multi-year project by the New York Botanical Garden to fully revise and update the classic Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada, Second Edition, by Gleason and Cronquist (1991, NYBG Press), in order to enable identification of all plants growing spontaneously in a vast region comprising portions or entirety of 22 states and 5 Canadian provinces (see map here). These family treatments are indispensable to all those interested having the most up-to-date information for this region of North Americas rich botanical resources, serving the vascular plant reference needs especially of students, conservationists, wildlife managers, educators, ...
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Pink Spire - Clethra fargesii | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
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Summersweet - Florida Wildflower Foundation
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Atrium - Collection List
Clethraceae. Clethra. cuneata. 1. Peru. Cusco. Herbari.... 7 Jan 1944. Details. H. Dueñas. 9. Clethraceae. Clethra. obovata. 1 ... Clethraceae. Clethra. ovalifolia. 0. Peru. Amazonas. 6 Aug 2006. Details. M. A. Chocce. 2308. Clethraceae. Clethra. revoluta. 0 ... Clethraceae. Clethra. scabra. 1. Peru. Cusco. Herbari.... 4 Jun 1960. Details. J. P. Janovec. 2886. Clethraceae. Clethra. sp. ... Clethraceae. Clethra. SpIndet. 3. Peru. Cusco. Flora o.... 19 Nov 2010. Details. J. D. Wells. 692. Clethraceae. Clethra. ...
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Aizoaceae - Wikipedia
The family Aizoaceae is widely recognised by taxonomists. It once went by the botanical name "Ficoidaceae", now disallowed. The APG II system of 2003 (unchanged from the APG system of 1998) also recognizes the family, and assigns it to the order Caryophyllales in the clade core eudicots. The APG II system also classes the former families Mesembryanthemaceae Fenzl, Sesuviaceae Horan. and Tetragoniaceae Link under the family Aizoaceae. The common Afrikaans name "vygie" meaning "small fig" refers to the fruiting capsule, which resembles the true fig.[3] Glistening epidermal bladder cells give the family its common name "ice plants".[4] Most species (96%, 1782 species in 132 genera) in this family are endemic to arid or semiarid parts of Southern Africa in the Succulent Karoo.[5] Much of the Aizoaceaes diversity is found in the Greater Cape Floristic Region, which is the most plant-diverse temperate region in the world.[6] A few species are found in Australia and the Central Pacific area.[7] Most ...
Taxonomy browser (Pentapetalae)
Acalypha psilostachya Hochst. ex A.Rich. var. glandulosa Hutch. - (id # 136741)
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Consortium of Intermountain Herbaria - Clethra
Plants sometimes spreading by root suckers. Leaves spirally arranged, often seemingly verticillate at ends of twigs; blade not coriaceous, margins revolute, surfaces glabrous or tomentose abaxially, glabrous or with sparse, short-stellate hairs, especially when young, adaxially, venation pinnate. Inflorescences borne on new growth, racemes solitary or in clusters of 2-4, bracteate. Pedicels ridged and somewhat flattened laterally, 1-bracteate basally. Flowers fragrant; sepals imbricate in bud; petals spreading at anthesis, weakly 5-ridged, apex obtuse; filaments adnate to corolla basally, straight or S-shaped, elongate, glabrous or hairy; anthers reflexed in bud, erect at anthesis, obsagittate, base attenuate, papillose, thecae divergent distally; style straight. Capsules globose, sutures thin. Seeds strongly flattened, slightly winged; testa thin. x = 8 ...
Clethra acuminata Michx. - United States, Tennessee (Accession No: TENN-V-0165168) - Tennessee-Kentucky Plant Atlas
Family2
- Chinese clethra is a deciduous shrub in the Clethraceae family native to China. (ncsu.edu)
- A plant genus of the family Clethraceae that contains barbinervic acid (ursane type TRITERPENES). (bvsalud.org)
Species2
- New distribution records on the occurrence of the Delavay Summersweet Clethra delavayi Franchert (Clethraceae), a Chinese species in Arunachal Pradesh, India. (threatenedtaxa.org)
- 2008). On ridges and upper slopes at 2150-2650 m the shrubby upper montane forest is largely dominated by a single tree species, Purdiaea nutans (Clethraceae) (Gradstein et al. (thrombininhibitors.com)
Plant1
- Plant families Nepanthaceae, Illiciaceae and Clethraceae are found only in Northeast India. (zizira.com)
Cyrillaceae3
- Se The closest relatives of the broadly defined Ericaceae are Clethraceae and Cyrillaceae. (swbiodiversity.org)
- other analyses have Clethraceae and Cyrillaceae as closest relatives to each other, together forming the sister group to Ericaceae. (swbiodiversity.org)
- Members of the families Ericaceae, Cyrillaceae, and Clethraceae, as well as Myrica and probably also Ilex, may have been components of swamp forests and bush swamps. (botany.pl)
Clethra scabra Pers1
- Canellaceae Cinnamodendron dinisii Schwacke Clethraceae Clethra scabra Pers. (thefreedictionary.com)
Family1
- A plant genus of the family Clethraceae that contains barbinervic acid (ursane type TRITERPENES ). (nih.gov)
Lauraceae1
- Bu ərazilər üçün Apollonias ( Lauraceae ), Ocotea ( Lauraceae ), Persea ( Lauraceae ), Clethra (Clethraceae), Dracaena ( Ruscaceae ) və Picconia ( Oleaceae ) kimi ağac növləri xarakterikdir. (nina.az)
Genus1
- The Clethraceae are represented in Peru by 11 species in the genus Clethra (Brako & Zarucchi, 1993), all of them trees and shrubs. (edu.pe)
Shrubs1
- Species in the Clethraceae are shrubs with deciduous, simple, toothed leaves that are alternately arranged. (nativeplanttrust.org)