Palate
Cleft Lip
Palate, Soft
Pierre Robin Syndrome
Velopharyngeal Insufficiency
Palatal Muscles
Transforming Growth Factor beta3
Craniofacial Abnormalities
MSX1 Transcription Factor
Maxillofacial Abnormalities
Polychloroterphenyl Compounds
Mandibulofacial Dysostosis
Palatal Neoplasms
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced
Choanal Atresia
Tongue
Pregnancy
Fetal Resorption
Interferon Regulatory Factors
Maxilla
Face
Retrognathia
Limb Deformities, Congenital
Articulation Disorders
Oral Surgical Procedures
Anodontia
DiGeorge Syndrome
Ectodermal Dysplasia
Phenotype
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Ultrasonography, Prenatal
Syndactyly
Eustachian Tube
Speech Disorders
Alveolar Process
Mandible
Microdeletion 22q11 and oesophageal atresia. (1/991)
Oesophageal atresia (OA) is a congenital defect associated with additional malformations in 30-70% of the cases. In particular, OA is a component of the VACTERL association. Since some major features of the VACTERL association, including conotruncal heart defect, radial aplasia, and anal atresia, have been found in patients with microdeletion 22q11.2 (del(22q11.2)), we have screened for del(22q11.2) by fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) in 15 syndromic patients with OA. Del(22q11.2) was detected in one of them, presenting with OA, tetralogy of Fallot, anal atresia, neonatal hypocalcaemia, and subtle facial anomalies resembling those of velocardiofacial syndrome. The occurrence of del(22q11.2) in our series of patients with OA is low (1/15), but this chromosomal anomaly should be included among causative factors of malformation complexes with OA. In addition, clinical variability of del(22q11.2) syndrome is further corroborated with inclusion of OA in the list of the findings associated with the deletion. (+info)Genetics of cortisone-induced cleft palate in the mouse-embryonic and maternal effects. (2/991)
Differences between mouse strains in frequency of embryonic, cortisone-induced cleft palate were examined. Probit analysis demonstrated a family of linear and parallel dose-response curves for different inbred and hybrid embryos. Since the differences between genotypes were not in the slopes of the response curves but rather in their location, it is proposed that the median effective dose (ED50) of cortisone required to induce cleft palate (or the tolerance) provides a more appropriate definition of the response trait and its difference that a frequency statement. The tolerance of C57BL/6J is dominant to that of A/J. A maternal effect of A/J relative to C57BL/6J dams caused a two-fold reduction in the embryonic tolerance of cortisone. Cortisone-induced cleft palate and mortality were separate response traits. In these and previous studies on cortisone- and other glucocorticoid-induced cleft palate in the mouse, the nature of the cleft-palate-response curve appeared to be the same for all glucocorticoids, and within-strain differences in tolerance could be used as measures of potency or bioassays for a particular effect of the glucocorticoids. (+info)Anesthetic considerations of two sisters with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. (3/991)
Anesthetic considerations of 21-mo-old and 4-yr-old sisters with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome during surgical repair of cleft palate and reduction of macroglossia are presented and discussed. This syndrome is characterized by exomphalos, macroglossia, gigantism, hypoglycemia in infancy, and many other clinical features. This syndrome is also known as exomphalos, macroglossia, and gigantism (EMG) syndrome. Principal problems associated with anesthetic management in this syndrome are hypoglycemia and macroglossia. Careful intraoperative plasma glucose monitoring is particularly important to prevent the neurologic sequelae of unrecognized hypoglycemia. It is expected that airway management would be complicated by the macroglossia, which might cause difficult bag/mask ventilation and endotracheal intubation following the induction of anesthesia and muscle paralysis, so preparations for airway difficulty (e.g., awake vocal cord inspection) should be considered before induction. A nasopharyngeal airway is useful in relieving postoperative airway obstruction. (+info)Developmental aspects of secondary palate formation. (4/991)
Research on development of the secondary palate has, in the past, dealt primarily with morphological aspects of shelf elevation and fusion. The many factors thought to be involved in palatal elevation, such as fetal neuromuscular activity and growth of the cranial base and mandible, as well as production of extracellular matrix and contractile elements in the palate, are mostly based on gross, light microscopic, morphometric or histochemical observations. Recently, more biochemical procedures have been utilized to described palatal shelf elevation. Although these studies strongly suggest that palatal extracellular matrix plays a major role in shelf movement, interpretation of these data remains difficult owing to the complexity of tissue interactions involved in craniofacial development. Shelf elevation does not appear to involve a single motive factor, but rather a coordinated interaction of all of the abovementioned developmental events. Further analysis of mechanisms of shelf elevation requires development of new, and refinement of existing, in vitro procedures. A system that enables one to examine shelf elevation in vitro would allow more meaningful analysis of the relative importance of the various components in shelf movement. Much more is known about fusion of the palatal shelves, owing in large part to in vitro studies. Fusion of the apposing shelves, both in vivo and in vitro, is dependent upon adhesion and cell dealth of the midline epithelial cells. Adhesion betweeen apposing epithelial surfaces appears to involve epithelial cell surface macromolecules. Further analysis of palatal epithelial adhesion should be directed towards characterization of those cell surface components responsible for this adhesive interaction. Midline epithelial cells cease DNA synthesis 24-36 h before shelf elevation and contact, become active in the synthesis of cell surface glycoproteins, and subsequently manifest morphological signs of necrosis. Death of the midline epithelial cells is thought to involve a programmed, lysosomal-mediated autolysis... (+info)A 3D computer-aided design system applied to diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. (5/991)
The purpose of this article is to describe a newly developed 3D computer-aided design (CAD) system for the diagnostic set-up of casts in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning, and its preliminary clinical applications. The system comprises a measuring unit which obtains 3D information from the dental model using laser scanning, and a personal computer to generate the 3D graphics. When measuring the 3D shape of the model, to minimize blind sectors, the model is scanned from two different directions with the slit-ray laser beam by rotating the mounting angle of the model on the measuring device. For computed simulation of tooth movement, the representative planes, defined by the anatomical reference points, are formed for each individual tooth and are arranged along a guideline descriptive of the individual arch form. Subsequently, the 3D shape is imparted to each of the teeth arranged on the representative plane to form an arrangement of the 3D profile. When necessary, orthognathic surgery can be simulated by moving the mandibular dental arch three-dimensionally to establish the optimum occlusal relationship. Compared with hand-made set-up models, the computed diagnostic cast has advantages such as high-speed processing and quantitative evaluation on the amount of 3D movement of the individual tooth relative to the craniofacial plane. Trial clinical applications demonstrated that the use of this system facilitated the otherwise complicated and time-consuming mock surgery for treatment planning in orthognathic surgery. (+info)A locus for isolated cleft palate, located on human chromosome 2q32. (6/991)
We present evidence for the existence of a novel chromosome 2q32 locus involved in the pathogenesis of isolated cleft palate. We have studied two unrelated patients with strikingly similar clinical features, in whom there are apparently balanced, de novo cytogenetic rearrangements involving the same region of chromosome 2q. Both children have cleft palate, facial dysmorphism, and mild learning disability. Their karyotypes were originally reported as 46, XX, t(2;7)(q33;p21) and 46, XX, t(2;11)(q33;p14). However, our molecular cytogenetic analyses localize both translocation breakpoints to a small region between markers D2S311 and D2S116. This suggests that the true location of these breakpoints is 2q32 rather than 2q33. To obtain independent support for the existence of a cleft-palate locus in 2q32, we performed a detailed statistical analysis for all cases in the human cytogenetics database of nonmosaic, single, contiguous autosomal deletions associated with orofacial clefting. This revealed 2q32 to be one of only three chromosomal regions in which haploinsufficiency is significantly associated with isolated cleft palate. In combination, our data provide strong evidence for the location at 2q32 of a gene that is critical to the development of the secondary palate. The close proximity of these two translocation breakpoints should also allow rapid progress toward the positional cloning of this cleft-palate gene. (+info)Linkage analysis in a large Brazilian family with van der Woude syndrome suggests the existence of a susceptibility locus for cleft palate at 17p11.2-11.1. (7/991)
van der Woude syndrome (VWS), which has been mapped to 1q32-41, is characterized by pits and/or sinuses of the lower lip, cleft lip/palate (CL/P), cleft palate (CP), bifid uvula, and hypodontia (H). The expression of VWS, which has incomplete penetrance, is highly variable. Both the occurrence of CL/P and CP within the same genealogy and a recurrence risk <40% for CP among descendants with VWS have suggested that the development of clefts in this syndrome is influenced by modifying genes at other loci. To test this hypothesis, we have conducted linkage analysis in a large Brazilian kindred with VWS, considering as affected the individuals with CP, regardless of whether it is associated with other clinical signs of VWS. Our results suggest that a gene at 17p11.2-11.1, together with the VWS gene at 1p32-41, enhances the probability of CP in an individual carrying the two at-risk genes. If this hypothesis is confirmed in other VWS pedigrees, it will represent one of the first examples of a gene, mapped through linkage analysis, which modifies the expression of a major gene. It will also have important implications for genetic counseling, particularly for more accurately predicting recurrence risks of clefts among the offspring of patients with VWS. (+info)The role of folic acid in oral clefting. (8/991)
The objective of this study is to describe the role of periconceptional folic acid supplementation and assess it's potential in the prevention of foetal abnormalities, and consists of a review of the literature undertaken using an electronic and hand search. This includes research trials and methodology associated with folic acid supplementation. It is recommended that all women planning to conceive should supplement their diet with folic acid in order to prevent abnormalities in neural tube development, particularly if there is a history of a previously affected pregnancy. There is increasing evidence that folic acid supplementation may, in addition, reduce the incidence of oral facial clefting. Further research with multi-disciplinary approaches in biochemistry, genetics, gene/environment interactions, and embryology are indicated. (+info)Surgery is typically required to repair a cleft palate, and may involve the use of bone grafts or other techniques to restore the normal anatomy and function of the mouth. Speech and language therapy may also be necessary to help improve communication skills. In some cases, hearing loss or ear infections may occur as a result of the cleft palate and may require additional treatment.
Sources:
1. MedlinePlus. (2019). Cleft lip and palate. Retrieved from
2. American Cleft Lip and Palate Association. (n.d.). What is a cleft? Retrieved from
3. Mayo Clinic. (2019). Cleft lip and palate. Retrieved from
4. National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. (2019). Cleft Lip and Palate: Background and Treatment. Retrieved from
The condition typically presents itself at birth or during early childhood, and it is estimated to occur in one in 8,500 to one in 27,500 births. PRS can be an isolated condition or may be associated with other congenital anomalies such as cleft lip and palate, ears, heart defects, and limb abnormalities.
The symptoms of PRS vary in severity and may include difficulty breathing, swallowing, and speaking; ear infections; hearing loss; and facial asymmetry. Treatment options for PRS depend on the severity of the condition and may include speech therapy, orthodontic treatment, and surgical interventions to correct the mandible, tongue, and other affected structures.
Early diagnosis and management of PRS are crucial to ensure proper development and minimize potential complications, such as respiratory infections, sleep apnea, and feeding difficulties. Treatment should be individualized based on the severity of the condition and may involve a team of specialists, including otolaryngologists, orthodontists, maxillofacial surgeons, and speech therapists.
In summary, Pierre Robin Syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by a small mandible, micrognathia, glossoptosis, and craniofacial dysostosis that can lead to breathing, swallowing, and speaking difficulties, as well as other complications. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are essential for optimal development and minimization of potential complications.
VPI can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
1. Anatomical abnormalities, such as a short velum or a narrow opening between the nasopharynx and oropharynx.
2. Neurological disorders, such as cerebral palsy or Parkinson's disease.
3. Surgical procedures, such as a tonsillectomy or a laryngectomy.
4. Head and neck injuries.
5. Developmental disorders, such as Down syndrome.
Symptoms of VPI may include:
1. Difficulty swallowing, particularly with liquids.
2. Regurgitation of food or liquids into the mouth.
3. Gagging or choking during swallowing.
4. Coughing or throat clearing after swallowing.
5. Nasal regurgitation of fluids.
6. Difficulty articulating certain sounds, such as /s/ and /z/.
7. Hoarseness or breathiness of voice.
8. Chronic ear infections or hearing loss.
Treatment for VPI depends on the underlying cause and may include:
1. Speech therapy to improve swallowing techniques and strengthen the velum.
2. Injection laryngoplasty, a procedure that uses injectable materials to augment the velum.
3. Surgery to lengthen or widen the velum, or to repair anatomical abnormalities.
4. Swallowing exercises and therapy to improve swallowing function.
5. Dietary modifications, such as thickening liquids or using specialized utensils.
It is important to note that VPI can have a significant impact on quality of life, as it can lead to social embarrassment, difficulty eating certain foods, and increased risk of respiratory infections. Seeking medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Some examples of multiple abnormalities include:
1. Multiple chronic conditions: An individual may have multiple chronic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, arthritis, and heart disease, which can affect their quality of life and increase their risk of complications.
2. Congenital anomalies: Some individuals may be born with multiple physical abnormalities or birth defects, such as heart defects, limb abnormalities, or facial deformities.
3. Mental health disorders: Individuals may experience multiple mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder, which can impact their cognitive functioning and daily life.
4. Neurological conditions: Some individuals may have multiple neurological conditions, such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and stroke, which can affect their cognitive and physical functioning.
5. Genetic disorders: Individuals with genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome or Turner syndrome, may experience a range of physical and developmental abnormalities.
The term "multiple abnormalities" is often used in medical research and clinical practice to describe individuals who have complex health needs and require comprehensive care. It is important for healthcare providers to recognize and address the multiple needs of these individuals to improve their overall health outcomes.
Some common types of mouth abnormalities include:
1. Teeth abnormalities: These can range from simple irregularities, such as crowded or crooked teeth, to more complex conditions like dental hypoplasia (underdeveloped teeth) or ectodermal dysplasia (a group of genetic disorders that affect the development of the teeth, hair, and other structures).
2. Gum abnormalities: Gingival hyperplasia (enlarged gums) or gingival recession (exposed roots of the teeth) can be caused by a variety of factors, including poor oral hygiene, smoking, or certain medical conditions.
3. Tongue abnormalities: tongue-tie (ankyloglossia), where the tongue is attached to the floor of the mouth by a piece of tissue, can make it difficult to speak or eat. Other tongue abnormalities include geographic tongue (characterized by irregular patches on the surface of the tongue) and hairy tongue (where the papillae on the surface of the tongue are longer than normal).
4. Lip abnormalities: Cleft lip and palate, where the tissue in the mouth fails to properly close during fetal development, is a common congenital condition that can be surgically corrected. Other lip abnormalities include oral mucosal lesions (such as canker sores or cold sores) and lip tie (where the upper lip is attached to the gum above the front teeth).
5. Other soft tissue abnormalities: These can include frenulum (a thin piece of tissue connecting the tongue to the floor of the mouth), bumps or masses on the lips or tongue, and excessive saliva production (known as hypersalivation).
These are just a few examples of mouth abnormalities. Treatment options vary depending on the specific condition and can range from observation and monitoring to surgery, medication, or other interventions. If you suspect that your pet has a mouth abnormality, it's important to consult with a veterinarian as soon as possible for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Micrognathism can lead to several oral health issues, including difficulty chewing, speaking, and breathing. It can also cause aesthetic concerns, as the smaller lower jaw can give the appearance of a "weak" or "receding" chin.
Treatment options for micrognathism depend on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. In mild cases, orthodontic treatment may be sufficient to correct the bite and improve oral function. In more severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to lengthen the lower jaw and achieve proper alignment of the teeth and jaws.
In addition to oral health issues, micrognathism can also impact an individual's overall quality of life, as it can affect their self-esteem and confidence. Therefore, it is important for individuals with micrognathism to receive proper diagnosis and treatment from a team of specialists, including orthodontists, oral surgeons, and other healthcare professionals.
Word origin:
Micrognathism comes from the Greek words "mikros," meaning small, and "gnathos," meaning jaw.
Example sentence:
"The patient was diagnosed with micrognathism, which was causing difficulty chewing and speaking, as well as aesthetic concerns."
Types of Craniofacial Abnormalities:
1. Cleft lip and palate: A congenital deformity that affects the upper jaw, nose, and mouth.
2. Premature fusion of skull bones: Can result in an abnormally shaped head or face.
3. Distraction osteogenesis: A condition where the bones fail to grow properly, leading to abnormal growth patterns.
4. Facial asymmetry: A condition where one side of the face is smaller or larger than the other.
5. Craniosynostosis: A condition where the skull bones fuse together too early, causing an abnormally shaped head.
6. Micrognathia: A condition where the lower jaw is smaller than normal, which can affect breathing and feeding.
7. Macroglossia: A condition where the tongue is larger than normal, which can cause difficulty swallowing and breathing.
8. Oculofacial dysostosis: A condition that affects the development of the eyes and face.
9. Treacher Collins syndrome: A rare genetic disorder that affects the development of the face, particularly the eyes, ears, and jaw.
Causes of Craniofacial Abnormalities:
1. Genetics: Many craniofacial abnormalities are inherited from one or both parents.
2. Environmental factors: Exposure to certain drugs, alcohol, or infections during pregnancy can increase the risk of craniofacial abnormalities.
3. Premature birth: Babies born prematurely are at a higher risk for craniofacial abnormalities.
4. Trauma: Head injuries or other traumatic events can cause craniofacial abnormalities.
5. Infections: Certain infections, such as meningitis or encephalitis, can cause craniofacial abnormalities.
Treatment of Craniofacial Abnormalities:
1. Surgery: Many craniofacial abnormalities can be treated with surgery to correct the underlying deformity.
2. Orthodontic treatment: Braces or other orthodontic devices can be used to align teeth and improve the appearance of the face.
3. Speech therapy: Certain craniofacial abnormalities, such as micrognathia, can affect speech development. Speech therapy can help improve communication skills.
4. Medication: In some cases, medication may be prescribed to manage symptoms associated with craniofacial abnormalities, such as pain or breathing difficulties.
5. Rehabilitation: Physical therapy and occupational therapy can help individuals with craniofacial abnormalities regain function and mobility after surgery or other treatments.
It is important to note that the treatment of craniofacial abnormalities varies depending on the specific condition and its severity. A healthcare professional, such as a pediatrician, orthodontist, or plastic surgeon, should be consulted for proper diagnosis and treatment.
It is also important to remember that craniofacial abnormalities can have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life, affecting their self-esteem, social relationships, and ability to function in daily activities. Therefore, it is essential to provide appropriate support and resources for individuals with these conditions, including psychological counseling, social support groups, and education about the condition.
Examples of syndromes include:
1. Down syndrome: A genetic disorder caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21 that affects intellectual and physical development.
2. Turner syndrome: A genetic disorder caused by a missing or partially deleted X chromosome that affects physical growth and development in females.
3. Marfan syndrome: A genetic disorder affecting the body's connective tissue, causing tall stature, long limbs, and cardiovascular problems.
4. Alzheimer's disease: A neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss, confusion, and changes in personality and behavior.
5. Parkinson's disease: A neurological disorder characterized by tremors, rigidity, and difficulty with movement.
6. Klinefelter syndrome: A genetic disorder caused by an extra X chromosome in males, leading to infertility and other physical characteristics.
7. Williams syndrome: A rare genetic disorder caused by a deletion of genetic material on chromosome 7, characterized by cardiovascular problems, developmental delays, and a distinctive facial appearance.
8. Fragile X syndrome: The most common form of inherited intellectual disability, caused by an expansion of a specific gene on the X chromosome.
9. Prader-Willi syndrome: A genetic disorder caused by a defect in the hypothalamus, leading to problems with appetite regulation and obesity.
10. Sjogren's syndrome: An autoimmune disorder that affects the glands that produce tears and saliva, causing dry eyes and mouth.
Syndromes can be diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Treatment for a syndrome depends on the underlying cause and the specific symptoms and signs presented by the patient.
The following are some common types of maxillofacial abnormalities:
1. Cleft lip and palate: A birth defect that affects the tissues of the upper jaw, nose, and mouth. It can cause problems with speech, hearing, and dental development.
2. Facial asymmetry: An imbalance or unevenness of the face, which can be caused by genetics or trauma.
3. Micrognathia: A condition where the jaw is smaller than normal, which can cause difficulty swallowing, breathing, and speaking.
4. Macroglossia: An abnormally large tongue, which can cause difficulties with speech and swallowing.
5. Dacryostenosis: A blockage of the tear ducts, which can cause tears to pool in the eyes and lead to infection.
6. Obstructive sleep apnea: A condition where the airway is blocked during sleep, leading to pauses in breathing and poor quality sleep.
7. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder: Pain or dysfunction of the joint that connects the jawbone to the skull.
8. Osteogenesis imperfecta: A genetic condition that affects the development of bones, leading to weakness and deformities.
9. Moyamoya disease: A rare condition caused by narrowing or blockage of the blood vessels in the brain, leading to stroke-like symptoms.
10. Gorlin syndrome: A genetic disorder that affects the development of the head and neck, leading to multiple basal cell carcinomas and other abnormalities.
The diagnosis of maxillofacial abnormalities is typically made through a combination of physical examination, imaging studies (such as X-rays or CT scans), and specialized tests (such as endoscopy or laryngoscopy). Treatment options for these abnormalities vary depending on the specific condition and may include surgery, medication, or other interventions. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of maxillofacial abnormalities to receive an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
1. Abnormal formation of the mandible, which can be shortened, misshapen or absent.
2. Facial asymmetry, with one side of the face appearing smaller or more underdeveloped than the other.
3. Cleft lip and/or palate.
4. Ear deformities, such as small or missing ear canals.
5. Eye problems, including microphthalmia (small eyes) or anophthalmia (absence of one or both eyes).
6. Distorted or underdeveloped nasal passages and sinuses.
7. Sleep apnea and other respiratory difficulties due to the narrowing of the airway.
8. Difficulty swallowing and feeding, particularly in infants.
9. Speech and hearing impairments.
10. Delayed growth and development, both intellectually and physically.
Mandibulofacial dysostosis is caused by mutations in several genes that are involved in the formation of the mandible and facial bones during fetal development. The condition is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning that a single copy of the mutated gene is enough to cause the condition. However, some cases may be caused by sporadic mutations or inherited in a more complex pattern.
There is no cure for mandibulofacial dysostosis, but treatment options are available to manage the symptoms and improve quality of life. These may include:
1. Orthodontic and orthopedic treatments to align and stabilize the teeth and jawbones.
2. Surgery to correct facial asymmetry and improve airway function.
3. Speech therapy to address communication difficulties.
4. Hearing aids or cochlear implants for hearing impairments.
5. Regular monitoring and management of associated health problems, such as sleep apnea and respiratory infections.
Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for the best possible outcomes in individuals with mandibulofacial dysostosis. With appropriate treatment and support, many people with this condition can lead fulfilling lives and achieve their goals.
The most common types of palatal neoplasms include:
1. Ossifying fibroma: A benign tumor that is made up of immature bone cells and usually affects the maxilla (the bone that forms the upper jaw).
2. Malignant ossifying fibroma: A rare and aggressive type of ossifying fibroma that can be cancerous.
3. Benign migratory glossitis: A benign condition characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the tongue, which can sometimes lead to the formation of a tumor on the hard palate.
4. Squamous cell carcinoma: A type of skin cancer that can occur on the hard palate, usually in older adults.
5. Adenoid cystic carcinoma: A rare and slow-growing type of cancer that typically affects the salivary glands but can also occur on the hard palate.
The symptoms of palatal neoplasms can include:
1. Pain or tenderness in the mouth or jaw
2. Difficulty swallowing or speaking
3. Nasal congestion or obstruction
4. Facial pain or swelling
5. Unusual bleeding or discharge from the mouth
Palatal neoplasms are usually diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, imaging studies (such as X-rays or CT scans), and biopsy (the removal of a small sample of tissue for microscopic examination). Treatment options can vary depending on the type and stage of the tumor, but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these.
Prognosis for patients with palatal neoplasms depends on the specific diagnosis and stage of the tumor at the time of diagnosis. In general, early detection and treatment improve outcomes for these types of tumors.
Congenital Abnormalities are relatively common, and they affect approximately 1 in every 30 children born worldwide. Some of the most common types of Congenital Abnormalities include:
Heart Defects: These are abnormalities that affect the structure or function of the heart. They can range from mild to severe and can be caused by genetics, viral infections, or other factors. Examples include holes in the heart, narrowed valves, and enlarged heart chambers.
Neural Tube Defects: These are abnormalities that affect the brain and spine. They occur when the neural tube, which forms the brain and spine, does not close properly during fetal development. Examples include anencephaly (absence of a major portion of the brain), spina bifida (incomplete closure of the spine), and encephalocele (protrusion of the brain or meninges through a skull defect).
Chromosomal Abnormalities: These are changes in the number or structure of chromosomes that can affect physical and mental development. Examples include Down syndrome (an extra copy of chromosome 21), Turner syndrome (a missing or partially deleted X chromosome), and Klinefelter syndrome (an extra X chromosome).
Other types of Congenital Abnormalities include cleft lip and palate, clubfoot, and polydactyly (extra fingers or toes).
Congenital Abnormalities can be diagnosed before birth through prenatal testing such as ultrasound, blood tests, and amniocentesis. After birth, they can be diagnosed through physical examination, imaging studies, and genetic testing. Treatment for Congenital Abnormalities varies depending on the type and severity of the condition, and may include surgery, medication, and other forms of therapy. In some cases, the abnormality may be minor and may not require any treatment, while in other cases, it may be more severe and may require ongoing medical care throughout the person's life.
Some common examples of drug-induced abnormalities include:
1. Allergic reactions: Some drugs can cause an allergic reaction, which can lead to symptoms such as hives, itching, swelling, and difficulty breathing.
2. Side effects: Many drugs can cause side effects, such as nausea, dizziness, and fatigue, which can be mild or severe.
3. Toxic reactions: Some drugs can cause toxic reactions, which can damage the body's organs and tissues.
4. Autoimmune disorders: Certain drugs can trigger autoimmune disorders, such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, which can cause a range of symptoms including joint pain, fatigue, and skin rashes.
5. Gastrointestinal problems: Some drugs can cause gastrointestinal problems, such as stomach ulcers, diarrhea, or constipation.
6. Neurological disorders: Certain drugs can cause neurological disorders, such as seizures, tremors, and changes in mood or behavior.
7. Cardiovascular problems: Some drugs can increase the risk of cardiovascular problems, such as heart attack or stroke.
8. Metabolic changes: Certain drugs can cause metabolic changes, such as weight gain or loss, and changes in blood sugar levels.
9. Endocrine disorders: Some drugs can affect the body's endocrine system, leading to hormonal imbalances and a range of symptoms including changes in mood, energy levels, and sexual function.
10. Kidney damage: Certain drugs can cause kidney damage or failure, especially in people with pre-existing kidney problems.
It's important to note that not all drugs will cause side effects, and the severity of side effects can vary depending on the individual and the specific drug being taken. However, it's important to be aware of the potential risks associated with any medication you are taking, and to discuss any concerns or questions you have with your healthcare provider.
The symptoms of choanal atresia can vary depending on the severity of the blockage, but may include:
* Difficulty breathing through the nose
* Nasal congestion or blockage
* Noisy breathing (snoring or wheezing)
* Poor feeding or difficulty gaining weight in infants
* Frequent ear infections or fluid buildup in the middle ear
* Increased risk of respiratory infections
Choanal atresia is usually diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, imaging studies such as CT scans or MRI, and nasal endoscopy. Treatment options may include:
* Nasal dilators or tubes to help keep the choana open
* Antibiotics to treat any underlying infections
* Surgery to widen or bypass the blocked opening
* In some cases, the condition may be treated with a combination of surgical and medical interventions.
It is important for individuals with choanal atresia to work closely with their healthcare provider to develop a personalized treatment plan and monitor their condition over time. With appropriate treatment, many people with choanal atresia are able to breathe easily and lead active, healthy lives.
The term 'fetal resorption' was first introduced by German anatomist and physiologist Karl Ludwig in the late 19th century. Since then, it has been extensively studied in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and is widely recognized as a critical aspect of fetal development.
Fetal resorption can be observed during ultrasound examinations, where it appears as a decrease in the size of the placenta and umbilical cord over time. This process typically begins around 12 weeks of gestation and continues until about 20 weeks, when the fetus is able to sustain itself without relying on the mother's nutrients and oxygen.
While fetal resorption is a normal and necessary process during pregnancy, there are certain complications that can arise if it occurs too early or too late in pregnancy. For example, if the process begins too early, it can lead to a condition known as 'fetal growth restriction,' where the fetus does not receive enough nutrients and oxygen to grow and develop properly. On the other hand, if the process continues too long, it can result in a condition known as 'macrosomia,' where the fetus becomes too large for the mother's body to safely deliver.
In summary, fetal resorption is a critical aspect of fetal development that occurs during pregnancy, where the developing fetus absorbs nutrients and oxygen from the mother's body, resulting in a decrease in the size of the placenta and umbilical cord. While it is a normal process, there are certain complications that can arise if it occurs too early or too late in pregnancy.
1. Congenital abnormalities: These are present at birth and may be caused by genetic factors or environmental influences during fetal development. Examples include hypodontia (absence of one or more teeth), hyperdontia (extra teeth), or anodontia (absence of all teeth).
2. Acquired abnormalities: These can occur at any time during life, often as a result of trauma, infection, or other conditions. Examples include tooth decay, gum disease, or tooth wear and tear.
3. Developmental abnormalities: These occur during the development of teeth and may be caused by genetic factors, nutritional deficiencies, or exposure to certain medications or chemicals. Examples include enamel hypoplasia (thinning of tooth enamel) or peg-shaped teeth.
4. Structural abnormalities: These are irregularities in the shape or structure of teeth, such as anomalies in the size, shape, or position of teeth. Examples include crowded or misaligned teeth, or teeth that do not erupt properly.
5. Dental caries (tooth decay): This is a bacterial infection that causes the breakdown of tooth structure, often leading to cavities and tooth loss if left untreated.
6. Periodontal disease: This is an inflammatory condition that affects the supporting tissues of teeth, including the gums and bone, and can lead to tooth loss if left untreated.
7. Tooth wear: This refers to the wear and tear of teeth over time, often due to habits such as bruxism (teeth grinding) or acid reflux.
8. Dental anomalies: These are rare, genetic conditions that affect the development and structure of teeth, such as peg-shaped teeth or geminated teeth (two teeth fused together).
These are just a few examples of tooth abnormalities, and there are many more conditions that can affect the health and appearance of teeth. Regular dental check-ups can help detect and address any issues early on to ensure good oral health.
Example Sentence: "The patient was diagnosed with retrognathia and required orthodontic treatment to correct the issue."
Note: The medical information provided here is for general purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you suspect that your child may have a congenital limb deformity, it is important to consult with a qualified healthcare provider as soon as possible.
Articulation disorders can be classified into different types based on the severity and nature of the speech difficulties. Some common types of articulation disorders include:
1. Articulation errors: These occur when individuals produce speech sounds differently than the expected norm, such as pronouncing "k" and "s" sounds as "t" or "z."
2. Speech sound distortions: This type of disorder involves the exaggeration or alteration of speech sounds, such as speaking with a lisp or a nasal tone.
3. Speech articulation anomalies: These are abnormalities in the production of speech sounds that do not fit into any specific category, such as difficulty pronouncing certain words or sounds.
4. Apraxia of speech: This is a neurological disorder that affects the ability to plan and execute voluntary movements of the articulators (lips, tongue, jaw), resulting in distorted or slurred speech.
5. Dysarthria: This is a speech disorder characterized by weakness, slowness, or incoordination of the muscles used for speaking, often caused by a neurological condition such as a stroke or cerebral palsy.
Articulation disorders can be diagnosed by a speech-language pathologist (SLP) through a comprehensive evaluation of an individual's speech and language skills. The SLP may use standardized assessments, clinical observations, and interviews with the individual and their family to determine the nature and severity of the articulation disorder.
Treatment for articulation disorders typically involves speech therapy with an SLP, who will work with the individual to improve their speech skills through a series of exercises and activities tailored to their specific needs. Treatment may focus on improving the accuracy and clarity of speech sounds, increasing speech rate and fluency, and enhancing communication skills.
In addition to speech therapy, other interventions that may be helpful for individuals with articulation disorders include:
1. Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems: For individuals with severe articulation disorders or those who have difficulty using speech to communicate, AAC systems such as picture communication symbols or electronic devices can provide an alternative means of communication.
2. Supportive technology: Assistive devices such as speech-generating devices, text-to-speech software, and other technology can help individuals with articulation disorders to communicate more effectively.
3. Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT): This type of therapy focuses on improving the communication skills of young children with articulation disorders by training parents to use play-based activities and strategies to enhance their child's speech and language development.
4. Social skills training: For individuals with articulation disorders who also have difficulty with social interactions, social skills training can help them develop better communication and social skills.
5. Cognitive communication therapy: This type of therapy focuses on improving the cognitive processes that underlie communication, such as attention, memory, and problem-solving skills.
6. Articulation therapy: This type of therapy focuses specifically on improving articulation skills, and may involve exercises and activities to strengthen the muscles used for speech production.
7. Stuttering modification therapy: For individuals who stutter, this type of therapy can help them learn to speak more fluently and with less effort.
8. Voice therapy: This type of therapy can help individuals with voice disorders to improve their vocal quality and communication skills.
9. Counseling and psychotherapy: For individuals with articulation disorders who are experiencing emotional or psychological distress, counseling and psychotherapy can be helpful in addressing these issues and improving overall well-being.
It's important to note that the most effective treatment approach will depend on the specific needs and goals of the individual with an articulation disorder, as well as their age, severity of symptoms, and other factors. A speech-language pathologist can work with the individual and their family to develop a personalized treatment plan that addresses their unique needs and helps them achieve their communication goals.
In this definition, we have used the following medical terms:
* Anodontia: This term refers to the absence of teeth. It is derived from the Greek words 'ano' meaning without, and 'dont' meaning tooth.
* Genetic: This term refers to something that is inherited or passed down through genes.
* Environmental: This term refers to factors that are external to the body, such as exposure to radiation or certain drugs during pregnancy.
Overall, anodontia is a rare condition that can be caused by a variety of factors, and it can have significant impacts on an individual's quality of life.
The primary symptoms of DiGeorge syndrome include:
1. Cleft palate or other congenital facial abnormalities
2. Heart defects, such as Tetralogy of Fallot
3. Developmental delays and learning disabilities
4. Speech difficulties
5. Hearing loss
6. Vision problems
7. Immune system dysfunction
8. Thyroid gland abnormalities
9. Kidney and urinary tract defects
10. Increased risk of infections
DiGeorge syndrome is caused by a genetic mutation that occurs sporadically, meaning it is not inherited from either parent. The condition is usually diagnosed during infancy or early childhood, based on the presence of distinctive physical features and developmental delays. Treatment for DiGeorge syndrome typically involves managing the associated symptoms and developmental delays through a combination of medical interventions, therapies, and special education. With appropriate support and care, individuals with DiGeorge syndrome can lead fulfilling lives, although they may require ongoing medical attention throughout their lives.
Some examples of ectodermal dysplasias include:
* Epidermolysis bullosa (EB), a group of rare genetic disorders that cause fragile skin and mucous membranes.
* Ichthyosis, a group of genetic disorders that cause dry, scaly skin.
* Hereditary neurological and muscular atrophy (HNMA), a condition characterized by progressive loss of nerve cells and muscle wasting.
Ectodermal dysplasias can be caused by mutations in genes that are important for ectodermal development, such as genes involved in cell signaling, differentiation, and growth. These disorders can be inherited in an autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked manner, depending on the specific gene mutation.
There is no cure for ectodermal dysplasias, but treatment may involve managing symptoms and preventing complications. This can include using protective clothing and devices to prevent skin injury, managing infections and inflammation, and addressing any related psychosocial issues. In some cases, surgery or other procedures may be necessary to correct physical abnormalities or improve function.
Overall, ectodermal dysplasias are a diverse group of rare genetic disorders that can have a significant impact on quality of life. Early diagnosis and intervention can help manage symptoms and prevent complications, and ongoing research is focused on understanding the underlying causes of these disorders and developing new treatments.
Syndactyly is caused by an abnormality during embryonic development, which can be hereditary or due to certain genetic syndromes. It is usually diagnosed at birth and may be detected on physical examination. Imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI may also be used to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment for syndactyly depends on the severity of the condition. In mild cases, no treatment may be necessary, while in more severe cases, surgery may be required to separate the joined digits. The goal of surgery is to improve hand or foot function and appearance.
Syndactyly can also occur as a part of other congenital conditions such as polydactyly (extra fingers or toes) or postaxial polydactyly (extra finger on the little finger side). In these cases, treatment may involve a combination of surgery and physical therapy to improve hand or foot function.
In summary, syndactyly is a congenital condition where two or more fingers or toes are joined together by a flap of skin, it can be mild or severe, and treatment may include surgery and/or physical therapy depending on the severity of the condition and other associated congenital conditions.
1. Articulation Disorders: Difficulty articulating sounds or words due to poor pronunciation, misplaced sounds, or distortion of sounds.
2. Stuttering: A disorder characterized by the repetition or prolongation of sounds, syllables, or words, as well as the interruption or blocking of speech.
3. Voice Disorders: Abnormalities in voice quality, pitch, or volume due to overuse, misuse, or structural changes in the vocal cords.
4. Language Disorders: Difficulty with understanding, using, or interpreting spoken language, including grammar, vocabulary, and sentence structure.
5. Apraxia of Speech: A neurological disorder that affects the ability to plan and execute voluntary movements of the articulatory organs for speech production.
6. Dysarthria: A condition characterized by slurred or distorted speech due to weakness, paralysis, or incoordination of the articulatory muscles.
7. Cerebral Palsy: A group of disorders that affect movement, balance, and posture, often including speech and language difficulties.
8. Aphasia: A condition that results from brain damage and affects an individual's ability to understand, speak, read, and write language.
9. Dyslexia: A learning disorder that affects an individual's ability to read and spell words correctly.
10. Hearing Loss: Loss of hearing in one or both ears can impact speech development and language acquisition.
Speech disorders can be diagnosed by a speech-language pathologist (SLP) through a comprehensive evaluation, including speech and language samples, medical history, and behavioral observations. Treatment options vary depending on the specific disorder and may include therapy exercises, technology assistance, and counseling. With appropriate support and intervention, individuals with speech disorders can improve their communication skills and lead fulfilling lives.
* Genetic mutations or variations
+ Examples: craniofacial syndromes, such as Turner syndrome
+ Other examples: asymmetrical facial features due to genetic mutations or variations
* Trauma or injuries
+ Examples: facial injuries from accidents or assaults
+ Other examples: facial paralysis or nerve damage due to trauma
* Neurological conditions
+ Examples: Bell's palsy, Moebius syndrome
+ Other examples: other neurological conditions that affect facial muscles or nerves
* Congenital conditions
+ Examples: cleft lip and palate, Down syndrome
+ Other examples: other congenital conditions that affect facial development
Note: The causes of facial asymmetry can be complex and multifactorial, and may involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Slide 4: Symptoms of Facial Asymmetry
* Visible unevenness or disproportion of the face
+ May be more noticeable when viewed from the side or front
* Difficulty closing the eyes completely due to uneven eyelids
* Difficulty smiling or expressing emotions due to uneven facial muscles
* Headaches or eye strain due to misalignment of the bones or soft tissues of the face
* Self-esteem issues or body dissatisfaction due to the appearance of the face
Note: The symptoms of facial asymmetry can vary in severity and may not be immediately noticeable to others. However, they can have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life and self-esteem.
Slide 5: Diagnosis of Facial Asymmetry
* Physical examination and observation of the face and facial features
+ Measurement of the distance between facial landmarks, such as the eyes, nose, and mouth
+ Assessment of the symmetry of the eyebrows, eyelids, and facial muscles
* Imaging studies, such as CT or MRI scans, may be ordered to evaluate the bones and soft tissues of the face
* 3D imaging technology may be used to create a detailed model of the face and assess its symmetry
Note: A thorough diagnosis of facial asymmetry is important to identify any underlying causes or associated conditions that may need to be addressed.
Slide 6: Treatment of Facial Asymmetry
* Treatment options for facial asymmetry depend on the underlying cause and severity of the condition
+ Surgical procedures, such as orthodontic surgery or facial reconstructive surgery, may be necessary to correct any underlying bone or soft tissue abnormalities
+ Non-surgical treatments, such as injectable fillers or Botox, may be used to address unevenness or disproportion of the face
* Treatment may also involve addressing any associated conditions, such as TMJ dysfunction or nasal airway obstruction
* Regular follow-up appointments with a healthcare professional are important to monitor progress and adjust treatment as needed
Note: The most appropriate treatment approach for facial asymmetry will depend on the individual case and may involve a combination of surgical and non-surgical techniques.
Slide 7: Facial Asymmetry in Children
* Facial asymmetry can be present at birth or develop later in childhood due to various causes
+ Genetic conditions, such as craniosynostosis or hemifacial spasm, may cause facial asymmetry in children
+ Trauma or injury to the face can also lead to facial asymmetry
* Diagnosis and treatment of facial asymmetry in children is important to ensure proper development and self-esteem
* Treatment options for children may include surgery, orthodontic care, and other interventions depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition
Note: Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help ensure proper development and self-esteem in children with facial asymmetry.
Slide 8: Facial Asymmetry in Adults
* Facial asymmetry can occur at any age, but is more common in adults due to various factors such as injury, trauma, or surgery
* Adults may experience facial asymmetry due to conditions such as Bell's palsy, tumors, or craniofacial injuries
* Treatment options for adults may include surgery, physical therapy, and other interventions depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition
* Adults with facial asymmetry may also experience psychological effects such as lowered self-esteem and social anxiety
Note: Facial asymmetry in adults can have a significant impact on quality of life, and early diagnosis and appropriate treatment is important to address both physical and psychological symptoms.
Slide 9: Non-Surgical Treatment Options
* Non-surgical treatment options for facial asymmetry may include:
+ Orthodontic care to align teeth and improve bite
+ Facial exercises to strengthen muscles and improve symmetry
+ Botulinum toxin injections to relax facial muscles and improve symmetry
+ Fillers or injectables to correct facial asymmetry caused by volume loss or tissue deficiency
+ Physical therapy to improve facial muscle function and reduce asymmetry
Note: Non-surgical treatment options can be effective in mild to moderate cases of facial asymmetry, but may not be sufficient for more severe cases.
Slide 10: Surgical Treatment Options
* Surgical treatment options for facial asymmetry may include:
+ Osteotomy (cutting and repositioning of bone) to correct skeletal asymmetry
+ Soft tissue surgery to correct soft tissue asymmetry
+ Facial implants to improve symmetry
+ Fat transfer to augment or restore facial tissues
+ Bone grafting to correct defects or deformities
Note: Surgical treatment options can be effective in severe cases of facial asymmetry, but may be associated with risks such as infection and scarring.
Slide 11: Psychological Impact of Facial Asymmetry
* Facial asymmetry can have a significant psychological impact on individuals, including:
+ Lowered self-esteem and confidence
+ Increased anxiety and stress
+ Difficulty forming relationships or finding employment
+ Feelings of isolation and stigma
Note: The psychological impact of facial asymmetry can be significant, but can be mitigated with appropriate treatment and support.
Slide 12: Conclusion
* Facial asymmetry is a common condition that can have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life
* Both surgical and non-surgical treatment options are available for facial asymmetry, depending on the severity of the condition
* A comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare professional is necessary to determine the appropriate course of treatment for each individual case.
Types of Jaw Abnormalities:
1. Malocclusion: This is a misalignment of the teeth, which can cause problems with biting and chewing, as well as difficulty opening and closing the mouth.
2. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders: These are conditions that affect the joint that connects the jawbone to the skull, leading to pain, limited movement, and clicking or locking of the jaw.
3. Osteogenesis imperfecta: This is a genetic disorder that affects the development of the jaw bones, causing them to be weak and brittle.
4. Cleft lip and palate: A congenital deformity that can affect the jaw bones, teeth, and soft tissues of the face and mouth.
5. Orthognathic anomalies: These are abnormalities in the position or shape of the jaw bones, such as a receding chin or a protruding jaw.
6. Tumors: Benign or malignant growths can occur in the jaw bones or soft tissues, causing pain, swelling, and other symptoms.
7. Trauma: Injuries to the jaw can result from accidents, sports injuries, or other forms of trauma.
8. Infection: Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can affect the jaw bones, muscles, or other tissues, causing pain, swelling, and other symptoms.
9. Degenerative conditions: Conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and temporomandibular joint disease can cause degeneration of the jaw bones and surrounding tissues.
10. Genetic syndromes: Certain genetic syndromes, such as Down syndrome, can increase the risk of jaw abnormalities.
Causes of Jaw Pain in Children:
1. Teething: Teething can cause discomfort and pain in the jaw, especially during the eruption of the first and second molars.
2. Ear infections: Middle ear infections can cause pain in the jaw, as well as fever and other symptoms.
3. Sinusitis: Inflammation of the sinuses can cause pain in the jaw and face.
4. Dental problems: Tooth decay, gum disease, or other dental issues can cause pain in the jaw.
5. Orthodontic problems: Issues with braces or other orthodontic appliances can cause discomfort and pain in the jaw.
6. Jaw injuries: Injuries to the jaw bones or soft tissues, such as from sports or falls, can cause pain and swelling.
7. TMJ disorders: Disorders of the temporomandibular joint can cause pain and dysfunction in the jaw.
8. Genetic conditions: Certain genetic conditions, such as Down syndrome, can increase the risk of jaw pain in children.
9. Osteogenesis imperfecta: A rare genetic disorder that affects the development of bones, including the jaw.
10. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: An autoimmune condition that affects the joints, including the temporomandibular joint.
It's important to note that jaw pain in children can be a symptom of a more serious underlying condition, so it's always best to consult with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and treatment.
The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal
Cleft palate incidence by population
Cleft Lip and Palate Association
Cleft lip and cleft palate
Classification of cleft lip and cleft palate
List of cleft lip and palate organisations
Cleft lip and palate transmembrane protein 1
Cleft palate short stature vertebral anomalies syndrome
North Thames Regional Cleft Lip and Palate Service
Ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft syndrome
Thomas Kilner
Craniofacial cleft
Sequence (medicine)
DiGeorge syndrome
Webbed neck
Hypernasal speech
Related to receptor tyrosine kinase
Premaxilla
Oligodactyly
Velopharyngeal inadequacy
Ankyloglossia
Möbius syndrome
Muriel Morley
Pierre Robin (surgeon)
Kupenda for the Children
Kieran West
Lillian Glass
Pediatric plastic surgery
Index of oral health and dental articles
White roll
Strømme syndrome
Dustin Burleson
Richard Trauner
Soto (food)
Ectopia cordis
Millard criteria
Roberts syndrome
List of diseases (C)
ZTTK syndrome
Inbreeding
Charles Jeter
List of medical journals
John Bradford Fisher
Andrew Heggie
Paul E. Adolph
Andrew P. Ordon
Global Smile (organization)
Smile Foundation of Bali
Anthony D. Holmes
Michelin tire baby syndrome
Distraction osteogenesis
DNA Doe Project
Gollop-Wolfgang complex
Ultrasound tongue imaging
Diamond-Blackfan anemia
Amastia
List of dental journals
Illinois State University College of Arts and Sciences
Osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis
Orofacial Clefts: Cleft Palate | NCBDDD | CDC
Cleft Lip and Palate: MedlinePlus
Cleft Lip and Palate | Pediatrics
Cleft Lip & Palate Association
Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate
PRIME PubMed | Ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly, cleft lip/palate syndrome without ectrodactyly
Committee<...
British Library EThOS: A study to determine the optimal outcome measure to assess primary surgery in cleft lip and palate...
Feeding in Cleft Lip and Palate: Surgical Interventions in the First Year of Life | 10588 | Cleft Palate and Craniofacial...
Pattern of cleft lip and cleft palate in pediatric patients
Otitis Media With Effusion: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology
Palatal obturators in patients with cleft palate
Cleft Palate repaired
NV - Cleft Palate | Roseman Dental
Cleft Lip & Palate
Cleft Lip and Palate - KennyArdouin.com
Cleft Palate > Center for Pediatric...
CLISPI - CLeft palate International SPeech Issues
Experience of mothers after prenatal diagnosis of cleft lip and palate
Cleft Palates and Breastfeeding
Natality - Birth Records Documentation
Young Adults' Experience of Appearance-Altering Orthognathic Surgery: A Longitudinal Interpretative Phenomenologic Analysis. |...
alveolar bone graft cleft palate Archives - FUC
Cleft Lip and Palate Details | Kentucky | Lowest Price
Korean Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association: history and perspectives
Make an Appointment | Cleft Lip/Palate-Craniofacial Teams
Cleft Palate/Cleft Lip Ronald Li - Princeton NJ
Journal of Cleft Lip Palate and Craniofacial Anomalies
Speech and Language Pathology
Cleft Lip and Palate - The Resident Review Podcast
Hard palate10
- Cleft palate (also called palatoschisis) is characterized by a fissure (clefting) in the secondary palate (posterior to the incisive foramen) and can involve the soft palate only (the most posterior part of the palate), or both the hard palate and the soft palate. (cdc.gov)
- Extension (cleft palate) - hard palate, soft palate. (cdc.gov)
- A hard palate cleft affects the hard palate, toward the front of the mouth. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Your child may have a cleft in any combination of the lip, hard palate, or the soft palate. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- The opening can be in the forward part of the mouth (hard palate) or at the very back (soft palate). (samoyedhealthfoundation.org)
- Defects of the hard palate are more difficult to correct than defects of the soft palate. (samoyedhealthfoundation.org)
- The back of the palate is called the soft palate and the front is known as the hard palate. (miswm.com)
- A cleft palate can range from just an opening at the back of the soft palate to a nearly complete separation of the roof of the mouth (soft and hard palate). (miswm.com)
- The cleft hard palate is generally repaired between the ages of 8 and 12 when the cuspid teeth begin to develop. (miswm.com)
- In others, the opening may extend from the front of the mouth (hard palate) all the way to the throat (soft palate) and can involve the uvula, the small piece of tissues that hangs down in the back of the mouth. (texaschildrens.org)
Soft palate1
- A soft palate cleft affects the soft tissue at the back of the mouth. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
Bilateral cleft6
- Note that in bilateral cleft lip, a median remnant of the philtrum is still present. (cdc.gov)
- We report on several individuals with bilateral cleft lip and palate, lagophthalmia, megaloblepharon, distichiasis, and ectropion of the lower eyelids, representing in total a distinct craniofacial syndrome. (nih.gov)
- All cases (3 male, 5 female) presented with bilateral cleft lip and palate and lagophthalmia. (nih.gov)
- The synopsis (before I go any further): A memoir written by Amy detailing her many surgeries she had to endure as a result of being born with a bilateral cleft-lip and palate. (lovethisface.org)
- If a cleft occurs on both sides, it is called a bilateral cleft. (miswm.com)
- Cleft palate may involve one side of the palate, known as a unilateral cleft palate, or both sides, known as a bilateral cleft palate. (texaschildrens.org)
Baby with a cleft3
- Women who binge drink early in pregnancy are more likely to have a baby with a cleft. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Sometimes a baby with a cleft palate may have a small chin and a few babies with this combination may have difficulties with breathing easily. (miswm.com)
- If you are looking for ways to breastfeed your baby with a cleft, please read on to the Cleft Palates and Breastfeeding article for inciteful information. (bfcofsd.com)
Birth defects7
- Cleft lip and cleft palate are birth defects that occur when a baby's lip or mouth do not form properly. (medlineplus.gov)
- Cleft lip with or without cleft palate is among the most common of birth defects. (nih.gov)
- Cleft lip and palate are birth defects that affect the upper lip and the roof of the mouth. (nih.gov)
- Taking folic acid supplements before and during pregnancy can prevent a number of birth defects, including clefts. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Cleft lip and palate may be the only birth defects, or they may happen with other defects. (childrensdmc.org)
- Cleft lip and cleft palate are among the most common birth defects. (hilarispublisher.com)
- Conclusion: Cleft lip and palate are one of the most common birth defects seen in the pediatric and maxillofacial department, with an overall prevalence of 2.8 per thousand newborns, with cleft lip/cleft palate seen in approximately 12 per thousand births and cleft palate seen in 0.9 per thousand births. (hilarispublisher.com)
American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association2
- The American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association (ACPA) is an international nonprofit association of more than 2,500 health care professionals who are involved in the treatment and research of cleft lip, cleft palate, and other craniofacial abnormalities. (nih.gov)
- The American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association (ACPA) recommends a team approach to treat children with clefts. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
Patients with cleft lip an1
- Approximately 13% of the patients with cleft lip and palate have other medical concerns or anomalies. (hilarispublisher.com)
Roof of th10
- The roof of the mouth is called the "palate. (medlineplus.gov)
- With a cleft palate, the tissue that makes up the roof of the mouth does not join correctly. (medlineplus.gov)
- In the earliest days of a baby's development in the womb, there is normally a split (called a cleft) between the right and left sides of the lip and the roof of the mouth (called the palate). (nih.gov)
- Cleft lip and palate are openings or splits in the upper lip or roof of the mouth (palate). (childrensdmc.org)
- A cleft palate results when the tissues forming the roof of the mouth do not grow together normally. (samoyedhealthfoundation.org)
- This may happen because the plate acts as a palate (roof of the mouth). (rosemandental.com)
- A similar defect in the roof of the mouth is called a cleft palate. (miswm.com)
- A cleft palate occurs when there is an opening in the roof of the mouth. (miswm.com)
- Cleft palate is a birth defect in which the tissues that form the roof of the mouth (the palate) don't grow together the way they should, leaving an opening or gap in the roof of the mouth. (texaschildrens.org)
- In rare cases, the roof of the mouth appears structurally normal but the muscles underneath are affected, a condition known as submucous cleft palate that can affect the child's speech. (texaschildrens.org)
Incomplete cleft3
- A cleft that stops at the lip is called an incomplete cleft. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Types of cleft lip and palate are isolated cleft lip, isolated cleft palate, incomplete cleft lip and palate (unilateral/bilateral), complete cleft lip and palate (unilateral/bilateral) and midline cleft. (hilarispublisher.com)
- In some babies, only a part of the palate is open, known as an incomplete cleft palate. (texaschildrens.org)
Types of cleft palate2
- It will usually be visible during a baby's first examination, although some types of cleft palate aren't easily visible and might not be diagnosed until later in life. (nih.gov)
- In rare cases, some types of cleft palate aren't visible even at birth, such as those that affect only the underlying muscles or the soft tissue at the back of the mouth. (texaschildrens.org)
Unilateral3
- This is called a unilateral (yoo-nuh-LAH-er-uhl) cleft. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- To determine the optimal dentoalveolar measure to assess unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patient models. (bl.uk)
- A cleft on one side is called a unilateral cleft. (miswm.com)
Surgery17
- Often, surgery can close the lip and palate. (medlineplus.gov)
- Cleft lip surgery is usually done before age 12 months, and cleft palate surgery is done before 18 months. (medlineplus.gov)
- Surgery is often used to close the lip and palate. (nih.gov)
- Surgery can repair a cleft. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Here, we present a similar patient who developed acute liver failure and hepatic encephalopathy after an uncomplicated cleft palate surgery. (nih.gov)
- The dosing recommendations of paracetamol may need to be reconsidered after cleft palate surgery. (nih.gov)
- British Library EThOS: A study to determine the optimal outcome measure to assess primary surgery in cleft lip and palate patients and an analysis of five year old patients as part of the Cleft Care UK study : have standards improved since CSAG? (bl.uk)
- After this course, participants will be able to describe interventions to support successful feeding during and following surgery for cleft lip and cleft palate. (speechpathology.com)
- This is 18 month old Pedro awaiting his cleft palate surgery with his parents. (helpingkidsinecuador.org)
- They came all the way from Esmeraldes to have the surgery performed by Dr Pablo Javier Salamea Molina , who performed Pedro's cleft lip surgery a little over a year ago. (helpingkidsinecuador.org)
- Nasoalveolar molding, or NAM, is a nonsurgical way to reshape the gums, lip, and nostrils with a plastic plate before cleft lip and palate surgery. (rosemandental.com)
- Pre-surgery molding may decrease the number of surgeries a child needs because it makes the cleft less severe. (rosemandental.com)
- The first surgery pulled the lip together, the second improved the position of the lip, two more would shape the nose, then another - often including a bone graft - would close the palate, and so on. (rosemandental.com)
- With NAM, orthodontists at Roseman University College of Dental Medicine can reduce a large cleft in the months before surgery. (rosemandental.com)
- Cleft lip surgery is usually performed when the child is about ten months old. (miswm.com)
- A cleft palate is initially treated with surgery safely when the child is between 7 to 18 months old. (miswm.com)
- Surgery to repair the cleft palate will take place after your baby is born. (texaschildrens.org)
Family history of cleft2
- Family history of cleft lip or cleft palate. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- 61% of the individuals had a family history of cleft. (hilarispublisher.com)
Anomalies5
- In cleft palate, a complete evaluation and physical examination is crucial as it is more commonly associated with additional anomalies and syndromes compared to other types of clefts (e.g. cleft lip). (cdc.gov)
- NIDCR Clinical Director Dr. Janice Lee discusses craniofacial anomalies, including cleft lip and palate. (nih.gov)
- The most common clinical manifestations are ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly , cleft lip/palate, and tear-duct anomalies. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Dental age, agenesis, and morphological anomalies in individuals with Van der Woude syndrome and isolated cleft palate. (bvsalud.org)
- To analyse the differences between dental age and chronological age and dental anomalies in individuals with Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) and compare with non-syndromic cleft palate (NSCP) and non-cleft controls. (bvsalud.org)
Ultrasound4
- A cleft lip may be diagnosed in pregnancy during a routine ultrasound. (nih.gov)
- Sometimes cleft lip or palate can also be seen in an ultrasound of an unborn baby. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Based on a qualitative approach, we interviewed nine mothers of babies diagnosed with cleft lip and palate when undergoing ultrasound as part of routine examinations to monitor fetal development. (bvsalud.org)
- In some cases, advanced fetal ultrasound can detect cleft palate during pregnancy. (texaschildrens.org)
Newborn4
- Cleft palate can be missed at the external newborn examination if the palate is not systematically and carefully examined. (cdc.gov)
- Your doctor should talk to you about the possibility of breastfeeding your newborn with cleft lip. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Cleft palate is a disorder occasionally seen in newborn puppies. (samoyedhealthfoundation.org)
- After this course, participants will be able to describe the care provided by a multidisciplinary craniofacial team at the prenatal and newborn time periods for cleft lip and palate. (speechpathology.com)
Babies11
- Babies may have both the front and back parts of the palate open, or they may have only one part open. (medlineplus.gov)
- About 1 in every 1,600 babies is born with cleft lip with cleft palate. (nih.gov)
- A baby may be born with only a cleft lip or a cleft palate, but some babies are born with both. (nih.gov)
- One out of every 700 babies born in the United States will have a cleft. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Babies born with a cleft are usually very healthy, but the cleft can cause some challenges. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Babies born with a cleft lip can usually nurse like other babies. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- One in every 1600 babies is born with cleft lip and palate in the United States. (rosemandental.com)
- We began collaborating with the Nevada Early Intervention Services Cleft Lip and Palate Team in 2008, and in 2012, Roseman Dental & Orthodontics began performing Nasoalveolar molding, or NAM, to treat babies with cleft lip and palate at our Henderson clinic. (rosemandental.com)
- To date, we have treated over 100 babies with cleft lip and palate deformities. (rosemandental.com)
- Cleft defects occur in about one out of every 800 babies. (miswm.com)
- Babies born with a cleft palate or cleft lip face challenges that many newborns do not face. (bfcofsd.com)
Syndrome7
- Check for lip pits in the lower lip ( Fig. 23 ), in the child and in the parents - it is a sign of a genetic condition (van der Woude syndrome) with high recurrence risk (a parent may have the pits but not the cleft). (cdc.gov)
- Approximately 30 percent of cleft defects are associated with a genetic syndrome. (nih.gov)
- Treatment for children with cleft lip or palate depends on the size of the cleft, the child's age and needs, and whether there are additional problems related to a genetic syndrome. (nih.gov)
- The ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly, cleft lip/palate syndrome (EEC syndrome) is an autosomal dominant dysplasia syndrome, whose pleiotropic effects involve mainly ectodermal structures. (unboundmedicine.com)
- TY - JOUR T1 - Ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly, cleft lip/palate syndrome without ectrodactyly. (unboundmedicine.com)
- AU - Sankhyan,Naveen, AU - Kaushal,Ram Krishan, AU - Sarin,Sandip, Y1 - 2006/05/30/ PY - 2006/11/7/pubmed PY - 2007/1/19/medline PY - 2006/11/7/entrez SP - 5 EP - 5 JF - Dermatology online journal JO - Dermatol Online J VL - 12 IS - 4 N2 - The ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly, cleft lip/palate syndrome (EEC syndrome) is an autosomal dominant dysplasia syndrome, whose pleiotropic effects involve mainly ectodermal structures. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Among the many infant and child health problems that have been linked to maternal smoking are premature birth, low birth weight, asthma, reduced lung function, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), and cleft lip and/or palate. (nih.gov)
Length of the palate2
- This requires visualization of the entire length of the palate. (cdc.gov)
- If you cannot actually see down the length of the palate, running a finger down the centre of the top of the mouth will give you an idea. (samoyedhealthfoundation.org)
Diagnosis4
- You can find a Parent Supporter in your area who will understand your experiences with the local Cleft Service, or you can ask for one who shares your interest in anything from late diagnosis to Pierre Robin Sequence. (clapa.com)
- Methods: Ten transforamen or post-foramen cleft palate patients with a diagnosis of velopharyngeal insufficiency, based on the analysis of hypernasality and nasal air emission, participated in the study. (bvsalud.org)
- The study aimed to know the experience of mothers from the prenatal diagnosis of cleft lip and palate to the birth of their children. (bvsalud.org)
- A cleft palate diagnosis during pregnancy enables your family and your health care team to plan ahead for any special needs your baby may have at birth and to arrange for the earliest possible treatment at a craniofacial clinic . (texaschildrens.org)
Prenatal1
- If cleft palate is diagnosed during your pregnancy, you may be referred to a fetal center for a comprehensive prenatal evaluation to determine if the birth defect is "isolated" or if there are other abnormalities present. (texaschildrens.org)
Parts of the palate1
- The opening in a cleft palate may affect the front, or back, or both parts of the palate. (nih.gov)
Child's1
- Velopharyngeal Incompetence occurs when a child's palate cannot achieve adequate closure. (spokanecpt.com)
Nasal3
- A cleft palate may leave an opening that goes into the nasal cavity. (childrensdmc.org)
- Conclusion: These results indicate that the use of speech-aid palatal obturators in cleft palate patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency increased hypernasality of the vowel /i/ and nasal air emission. (bvsalud.org)
- With mislearning, their palate is physically able to close, but they have learned to make some sounds as nasal sounds. (spokanecpt.com)
Defects1
- Cleft lip and cleft palate are congenital [KAHN-jen-ih-TUHL] defects , which means a child is born with them. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
Baby's4
- It keeps your baby's tongue from pushing into the cleft, and it makes feeding easier for the baby. (rosemandental.com)
- Typically cleft palate is diagnosed at birth when the physician can view and assess the inside of your baby's mouth. (texaschildrens.org)
- Following a full day of evaluations, our specialists will then meet with you about your results, answer any questions you have, and provide recommendations based on your baby's cleft palate and any related conditions, to help you make the most informed decisions regarding care and treatment. (texaschildrens.org)
- Here, our specialists work closely with Texas Children's Cleft Lip and Palate Clinic to coordinate your baby's care across a multidisciplinary team, including maternal-fetal medicine specialists, neonatologists and the craniofacial team, ensuring the best possible care beginning at birth and continuing throughout childhood and adolescence. (texaschildrens.org)
Pregnancy3
- A mother's poor health in early pregnancy, or if she drinks alcohol, smokes cigarettes, or takes certain anti-epileptic medications may increase the risk for cleft lip or palate. (nih.gov)
- Cleft palate may be genetic, or due to something that happened to the mother during the early stages of pregnancy, such exposure to toxins, drugs (for example, cortisone or hydroxyurea) or some viruses. (samoyedhealthfoundation.org)
- As in cleft lip, a cleft palate occurs in early pregnancy when separate areas of the face have developed individually do not join together properly. (miswm.com)
Maternal2
- Objectives A systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the association between active maternal smoking and cleft lip and palate etiology. (medrxiv.org)
- Conclusions This review reports a moderate association between maternal smoking and orofacial cleft but the overall quality of the conventional observational studies included was poor. (medrxiv.org)
Nostrils1
- Cleft palate may occur alone or together with cleft lip , an opening or split in the upper lip that extends up to one or both nostrils. (texaschildrens.org)
Sides2
- The cleft can be on one side or both sides of the lip, or in the middle. (nih.gov)
- A cleft can be on both sides of the mouth. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
Unborn baby2
- If you are pregnant and your unborn baby is diagnosed with cleft lip or palate, your doctor may want to get a sample of your amniotic fluid (the liquid surrounding your baby in your uterus) to test for other genetic problems . (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Cleft lip and cleft palate result when facial structures that are developing in an unborn baby do not fuse completely. (hilarispublisher.com)
Genetic4
- Because cleft lip and palate are so often part of genetic syndromes, a thorough medical examination and genetic counseling is recommended for children and their parents to find out whether their future children may be affected. (nih.gov)
- Doctors are not sure what causes clefts, but they probably are due to both genetic and environmental factors. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Clefts are caused by the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. (hilarispublisher.com)
- Cleft palate may also be associated with other genetic conditions and abnormalities. (texaschildrens.org)
Syndromes1
- Cleft lip or palate are found in more than 400 syndromes, including Waardenburg, Pierre Robin, and Down syndromes. (nih.gov)
Nose5
- The opening in a cleft lip can be a small slit or a large split that extends from the lip into the nose. (nih.gov)
- It slowly lifts up the nose and shapes the nostril on the side of the cleft. (rosemandental.com)
- A cleft lip is a condition that creates an opening in the upper lip between the mouth and nose. (miswm.com)
- The palate has an extremely important role during speech because when you talk, it prevents air from blowing out of your nose instead of your mouth. (miswm.com)
- However, in about one out of every five children following cleft palate repair, a portion of the repair will split, causing a new hole to form between the nose and mouth. (miswm.com)
Children with clefts1
- With treatment, most children with clefts do well and lead a healthy life. (medlineplus.gov)
Repair5
- Paracetamol is the most commonly used analgesic after cleft palate repair. (nih.gov)
- Only one case of therapeutic paracetamol toxicity after cleft palate repair had been reported previously. (nih.gov)
- Construction and application of substitutes for oral mucosa in cleft palate repair. (ru.nl)
- NAM is used mainly for children with large or wide clefts and has greatly changed cleft repair. (rosemandental.com)
- We can also help your child learn to use their "new" palate after palate repair or revision. (spokanecpt.com)
Orthodontics1
- Orthodontics In Cleft Palate Therapy - A Clinical Review. (who.int)
Occurs5
- Hypodontia occurs at a high prevalence in VWS and NSCP patients compared with non-cleft children . (bvsalud.org)
- If the separation occurs in the upper lip, the child is said to have a cleft lip. (miswm.com)
- Velopharyngeal Mislearning occurs when a child has not learned to close their palate correctly for speech. (spokanecpt.com)
- This occurs when the palate cannot make solid contact with the back wall of the pharynx. (spokanecpt.com)
- Cleft palate and/or cleft lip occurs in an estimated 1 in 1,000 births. (texaschildrens.org)
Tissues1
- A cleft is when the tissues that make up the sided of the mouth do not come together all the way. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
Clinic1
- Eight cases (3 from 1 family) in ages ranging from 1-45 years were identified over a 7-year period in the Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Clinic at our center. (nih.gov)
Surgeries2
- I highly recommend this book, especially for clefties, cleft parents, and those who know a cleftie but I would recommend to anyone wanting a good book, moreover anyone wanting to really get the vibe of what we deal with when it comes to surgeries, dating, and daily life. (lovethisface.org)
- Previously, a child with a large cleft needed many surgeries between birth and age 18, putting the child at risk for psychological and social challenges. (rosemandental.com)
Tongue3
- Objective: This study aimed to determine whether increased raising of the back of the tongue is evident in children with repaired cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP+/-CL). (strath.ac.uk)
- You can feel your own palate by running your tongue over the top of your mouth. (miswm.com)
- This means that we teach them to make the sound with their tongue, lips, and palate in the correct place, even if it does not sound perfect. (spokanecpt.com)
Association3
- A cleft in the gum may occur in association with a cleft lip. (miswm.com)
- Guests Nicola Stock (Senior Research Fellow at the Centre for Appearance Research) and Kenny Ardouin (Adult Services Manager at the Cleft Lip and Palate Association (CLAPA)), share their important recent research and work in this area. (kennyardouin.com)
- We have a dynamic team of Speech Language Pathologists who are members of the American Cleft Palate Association with experience in working with children with cleft palates and other types of palate dysfunction and their families. (spokanecpt.com)
Affect My Baby1
- How Does Having a Cleft Affect My Baby? (intermountainhealthcare.org)
Child4
- If your doctor thinks your child might have a cleft lip, they could need further tests, like x-rays, for the doctor to see bone structures in the skull. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- A child can be born with a cleft lip, cleft palate, or both. (childrensdmc.org)
- If you are expecting a child to be born with cleft palate or lip, please contact Roseman Dental at 702-968-5222 or Contact Us . (rosemandental.com)
- Since the lip and palate develop separately, it is possible for a child to be born with a cleft lip, palate or both. (miswm.com)
20212
- In 2020-2021 I undertook a study investigating the long-term effect that speech differences have in individuals with cleft lip and palate. (kennyardouin.com)
- This article was first published in The Cleft-Palate Craniofacial Journal on 13 September 2021. (kennyardouin.com)
Therapy1
- Therapy for children with cleft palates and palate dysfunction focuses on helping children to learn to make speech sounds with the correct articulatory placement. (spokanecpt.com)
Adults3
- CLAPA's Peer Supporters are adults with a cleft who have been trained to support others one-on-one over the phone or email. (clapa.com)
- In this podcast, Pat Chibbaro interviews Kenny Ardouin and Nicola Stock about their article, "Physical Health in Adults Born With Cleft Lip and/or Palate: A Whole of Life Survey in the United Kingdom. (kennyardouin.com)
- This month, Bruna and Jade discuss the expansion of support for adults with a cleft lip and/or palate. (kennyardouin.com)
Treatment4
- With treatment, most children with cleft lip or palate do well and lead a healthy life. (nih.gov)
- You can ask for a Peer Supporters in your area to talk about the local Cleft Service, or you can find one who shares your interests in treatment and other experiences. (clapa.com)
- Assessment and treatment approaches before and following surgical interventions, including those for mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO), cleft lip, and cleft palate, are shared. (speechpathology.com)
- In late 2020, as part of CLAPA's Adult Services Project, we published our paper on Treatment Experiences in the Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal (CPCJ). (kennyardouin.com)
Fuse1
- Sometimes, the lip or the palate (upper part of the mouth) do not fuse together completely. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
Delays1
- Children with cleft lip, cleft palate, or palate dysfunction are at risk for language delays. (spokanecpt.com)